A collection of tracts and treatises illustrative of the natural history, antiquities, and the political and social state of Ireland, at various periods prior t

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. Brian Boru slain at the Battle of Clontarf

   Clontarf · parish · Dublin · 1014

   Brian Boru, celebrated king of Munster who had defeated the Danes in many battles and become King of all Ireland, was killed in a bloody battle at Clontarf near Dublin on Good Friday, 23 April 1014, along with his son Murchard and many others, slain by Sitric, king of Dublin.

   Read the passage

   Brienns filim Cenedi Lorcani nepos cognomento Buruma sive Boro rex Momoniae, Princeps ob anirai wrtutes celeberrimna, postqu^m Danos multis prsaliis vicisset, totins HibernisB rex declaratus est anno 1002. Deinde enactis 12 annis ipse (post crucntam pugnam) in prseiio occisus est ad Chntarf, prope Dublinium, die Parascevea, 23 die Aprilis 1014, setatia Buse 74, {manibus et mertti', inquit Marianus Scotus, ad Deum infentus) unk cum filio suo MurcLardo et mnltis aliis, a Sitrico rege Dublinii. Csesi etiam, ex parte Sitrici, Mailmorda rex Lageni^ et alii quamplurimi. Sunt qui assorunt corpus Brieni ad £cclesiam Sancti Maignani deportatum (Kil-mainam earn nunc vulgo Tocamus, quae unico milliari k Dublinio distat) ibidem sepulturse faisse traditum, non procul k cruce lapidea circulo inclusa in summitate, quae etiamnum visltur, intra muros Prioratns (olim c«leberrimi) militum Hospitalariorum. Alii vero Brientun Armachse sepnltum volunt. Utcunque fuerit, eo interfecto, Malachias (uti diximua) regnum recuperavit, et tenuit usque ad 2 Septemb. 1023, quo nature cessit.

   Interregnum annorum (ut aliqui volunt) 20, Cuano 0-Lachnan et Corcrano, clerico illustri, clavnm interim gnbemantibus. Corcranum autem obiisse anno 1040. (qui nobis est 1041) produnt Annales Ultonienses.

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

2. Execution of the Spanish garrison at Smerwick

   Smerwick · townland · Kerry · 1580

   After surrendering the fort at Smerwick, the Spanish and Italian soldiers were refused any terms of custom of war or mercy, and were put to death on the Lord Deputy's orders, an act later remembered as 'sharpe execution.'

   Read the passage

   Eudox. Indeed so have I heard it heere often spoken, but I perceive (as I alwayes verily thought) that it was most unjustly, tor he was alwayes knowne to be a most just, sincere, godly, and right noble man, fiirre from such sterneuesse, farre from such unrighteousnesse. But in that aharpe execution of the Spaniards, at the fort of Smerwicke, I heard it specially noted, and if it were true as some reported, surely it was a great touch to him in honour, for some say that he promised them life ; others at least he did put them in hope thereof.

   Iren. Both the one and the other is most untrue ; for this I can assure yon, my selfe being as neare them as any, that he was so fiirre either from promising, or putting them in hope, that when first their Secretarie (called, as I remember) Signior Jeffrey, an Italian, being sent to treate with the Lord Deputie for grace, was flatly refosed ; and afterwards their * Coronell named Don Sebastian, came forth to intreate that they might part with their armes like aouldiers, at the least with their lives according to the custome of warre, and law of nations ; it was strongly denyed him, and tolde him by the Lord Deputie himselfe, that they could not justly pleade either custome of warre, or law of nations, for that they were not any lawfiill enemies, and if they were, he willed them to shew by what commission they came thither into another Princes dominions to warre, whether from the Pope or the

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

3. Killing of an Irishman not treated as felony at Waterford

   Waterford · city · Waterford · 1310

   At a gaol delivery held before John Wogan, Lord Justice, at Waterford, Robert le Wayleys admitted killing John son of Ivor Mac Gillemory but argued no felony was committed since the victim was a 'pure Irishman' and not of free blood. The record shows killing an Irishman was punished only by a pecuniary fine (Ericke) rather than as felony.

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   Record: Wherin we may note, that the killing of an Irish man, was not punnished by our Lawe, as blan-slaughter, which is fellony and capitall, (for our Law did neither protect his life, nor revenge his death) but by a fine or pecnniary punishment, which is called an Ericke, according to the Brehon, or Irish Law.

   Againe, at a GaoZ-delivery before the same Lord Justice at Limericke, in the Roll of the Bame year, we find, that ArtMv. m Wiiiielmutjiliug Robert rectatus de morte Rogeri de Caulelon jMim /eloniceper iptum interfecti, vetiit et dicit, quod feloniam ptr iHter/ectiomm pradictam committere non poiuil, quia dicit guod prmdict. Rogerut Hihemic. est, et non de libero sanguine; dicit eliam quod pradict. Rogerua fuil de cognomine de Ohederiscall et non de cognomine d* Caufetona, et de hoc ponit ae super patriam, <tc. Et Jurati dicunt super Sacramsuum quod pradictus Rogerus Hibernicus fuit et de cognomine de Ohederiecall et pro Hibernico hahebatur tota vita sua- Ideo predict. Willielmus quoad feloniam prtedict- quietus- Sed quia prxdictus Rogerus Ohederiscall fuit Htbemicu* Domini Regis, prtedict. Willielmus recommittatur Gaola, quougque plegioB invetierit de quinque marcts solvendis Domino Regipro solulione pradicti Hibernici.

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

4. St. Patrick's Purgatory revealed as a mere cell

   near Lough Derg · lake or lakes · Donegal · 1620–1625

   The famous pilgrimage cave on an island in Lough Derg, long believed a gateway to Purgatory where pilgrims saw terrible visions, was investigated by order of the Lords Justices and found to be a small dark cell dug from rock. The friars there had induced fasting and told frightening tales to produce hallucinations in pilgrims before shutting them in the hole.

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   strange and terrible things : which persvasion having lasted imtjll our times, the matter hath been discovered within these few yeares, and ibund to be a meer illosioii. This discoverie was made during the government of lUchard fioile, Earle of Cork, and Adam Loflus, Vicount of Elie, and Lord Chancellour of Ireland : which two being Lords Justices of that Kingdome in the last yeares of King James, and desirous to know the truth of the business, sent some persons of qnalitie to the place, to inquire exactly into the truth of the whole matter. These did find, that that miraculous and fearful cave, descending down to &e very Purgatory and Hell, was nothing else but a little cell, digged or hewn out of the rocky ground, without any windowes or holes, so as the doore being shut one could not see a jot within it; being of so little depth, that a tall man could but just stand upright in it, and of no greater capaci^, tiian to contfun six or seven persons. Now when that any I)erson desirous to go that Pilgrimage to Purgatory, was come into the Hand, the Friara, some small number whereof made their constant abode there for that purpose, made him watch and &st excessively : whereby, and tlmiugh the recounting of strange and horrible apparitions and &nta8mes, which he would meet withall in that subterranean pilgrimage, being well prepared, they did shut him up in that little dark hole; and being drawn out again from thence after some hours, altogether astonished and in a maze, he would be a good while before he came agwn to himself, and afterwards the poor man would tell wonderiull stories, as if in very deed he had gone a great way under the ground, and seen and suffered all those things, which his weak imagination, altogether coi^ rupted by the concurrence and sequel of so many causes to weaken the braine, did figure unto him.

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 7

5. The Execution of Murrogh O'Brien at Limerick

   Limerick · city · Limerick

   At the execution of a notable traitor named Murrogh O'Brien in Limerick, an old woman who was his foster mother took up his severed head while he was being quartered and sucked up the blood, declaring the earth unworthy to drink it, then smeared her face and breast with it and tore her hair, shrieking.

   Read the passage

   Irett. I have observed a few of either; and who will better search into them, may finde more. And first the profession of their Bardes was (as Csesar writeth) moall amougst the Gaolea, and the same was also common amongst the Brittaines, and is not yet altogether left off with the Welsh, which are their posterity. For all the &shions of the Gaules and Brittaines, as he t«stifieth, were much like. The long darts came also from the Gaules, as you may read in the same _ Ciesar, and in Jo. Boemus. Likewise the said Jo. Boemos writeth, that the Ganles used swords a handfiill broad, and BO doe the Irish now. Also they used long wicker shieldB in battaile that should cover their whole bodies, and ho doe the Northeme Irish. But I have not seene such fiishioned targets used in the Sontheme parts, bat onely amongst the Northerns people, and Irisb-Scottes, I doe thinke that they were bronght in rather by the Scythians, then by the Ganles. Also the Ganles used to drinke their enemyes blood, and painte themselves therewith. So also they write that the old Irish were wont, and so have I seene some of the Irish doe, but not their enemyes bat friends blood. As namely at the execution of a notable traytor at Limericke, called Murrogh 0-Brien,I saw an old woman, which was his foster mother, takeup his head, whilst he was quartered, and sucked up all the blood that runne thereout, saying, that the earth was Dot worthy to drink it, and therewith also steeped her &ce and breast, and tore her haire, crying out and shrieking most terribly.

   Eudoi^. You have very well ronne through such cnstomes as the Irish have derived from the first old nations which inhabited the land ; namely, the Scythians, the Spaniards, the Gaules, and the Brittaines. It now remaineth tiiat you take in hand the customes of the old English which are amongst the Irish : of which I doe not thinke that you shall have much cause to finde &ult with, considering that, by the English, most of the old bad Irish customes were abolished, and more civill fashions brought in their stead.

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

   As the companion tells it

   As you pass through Limerick, the city carries an old and terrible scene. A notable traitor called Murrogh O'Brien was executed here, and the account of his death was set down by a writer who says he saw it himself. The writer had been speaking of customs the Irish shared with the ancient Gauls, among them the practice of drinking blood. He says the Gauls used to drink their enemies' blood and paint themselves with it. He says the old Irish were said to do the same, but he had seen some of the Irish drink not the blood of enemies, but of friends. And then he gives this as his example. At the execution of Murrogh O'Brien at Limerick, while the body was being quartered, an old woman who was his foster mother took up his severed head. She sucked up all the blood that ran from it. She said the earth was not worthy to drink it. She steeped her face and her breast in the blood. She tore her hair. She cried out and shrieked most terribly. The writer gives her words as they were spoken: that the earth was not worthy to drink it. That is all the record holds, a single scene, witnessed and written down, and it has stayed with Limerick.

6. Slaughter of Bruce's forces at Faughart near Dundalk

   Faughart · parish · Louth · 1318

   Bermingham, Verdon, Stapleton and other private gentlemen rose with the commons of Meath and Uriel, and at Faughart near Dundalk, described as 'a fatall place to the enemies of the Crowne of England,' overthrew a potent army, killing Edward Bruce.

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   But Bremingham, Verdon, Slajdelan, and some other privat TSentlemen, rose out with the Commons of Mel/t and Uriell, and at Fagher neere Dondalke, a fatall place to the enemies of the Crowne of England, overthrew a potent armie of them. El fie (saith the Red Booke of the Exchequer, wherein the Ruhr. uhr. victory was briefly recorded) per manus communis popuU el i^' dertram del, deliberatitr jiojiulus dei a scrt-itutc mac/tinala et jiriecogilaia.

   In the time of King Edaard the Third, the impediments of J?Ji™rrf.i S9 the

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

7. Maguyre's Retort on Sheriff's Eric-fine at Fermanagh

   near Fermanagh · county · Fermanagh

   When Lord Deputy Fitz-williams told Maguyre that a Sheriff was to be sent into Fermanagh, Maguyre replied he wished to know the Sheriff's 'Ericke' or price of his head beforehand, so that if his people killed him, Maguyre could levy the fine upon the country. This illustrates the Brehon custom of paying a fine (Eric) rather than death for even the gravest crimes.

   Read the passage

   Foe, if we consider the Nature of the Irish Customes, we Th» n»- shall finde that the people which doth use them, must of[|„iriBh necessitie be Rebelles to all good Government, destroy the Cn»««ro". commonwealth wherein they live, and bring Barbarisms and desolation upon the richest and most fruitfull Land in the world. For, whereas by the just and honourable Law of Th« IiW England, and by the Lawes of all other well-governed King- ciuiodim, domes and Commonweals, Murder, Man-slaughter, Rape, 1^^^ Robbery, and I'heft, are punished with death ; By the Irish L>wea ud Custome, or Brehon Law, the highest of these offences was „( jidvili punished onely by Fine, which they called an Kricke. Tliere- 5?*'??'^ fore, when Sir William Fitz-williams, (being Lord Deputy) L»ir in told Maguyre that he was to send a Sheriffe into Fermaunagh, ^^^f^ being lately before made a County: your Sheriffe (saide Maguyre) shall be welcome to me, but let me knowe his Erickc, or the price of kit head afore hand ; that if my people cut it off, I may cnt the Ericke upon the Conntrey. As for 73 Oppn.'ssion

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   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

8. Betrayal and murder of the Earl of Louth near Dundalk

   Dundalk · town · Louth · 1329

   John Bremingham, recently made Earl of Louth for his service against the Scots between Dundalk and the Fane, was treacherously murdered along with several principal gentlemen of his family by the Gernons, Verdons and others of the ancient colony in County Louth in 1329.

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   Shortly after, the Lord Jokn Bremingham, who was not long before made Earle of houth, for that notable service which he performed upon the Scots, betweene DundaUte and the Faher, was so extreamly envied by the Oernon», Verdana, and others of tbe ancient Colony, planted in the County of Louth, as that in tbe yeare, 1329, they did most wickedly betray and murder that Earle, with divers principall Gentlemen of his name and Family ; using the same speech that the Rebellions Jewes are saide to use in the Gospell :

   Nalamua hunc regnare super no».

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

9. Massacre of miners at the Tipperary Silver-Lead Mine

   Kilmore · townland · Tipperary · 1641

   During the outbreak of the 1641 rebellion, Irish rebels under Hugh O'Kennedy destroyed the silver-lead mine works near Kilmore in Upper Ormond and put the English and Dutch workmen employed there to the sword, sparing only a few who escaped by flight.

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   All the Mills, Melting-hooses, Refining-houses, and other necessary Work-houses, stood within one quarter of a mile at the furthest from the pUce where the Mine was digged, every one of them having been very conveniently and sufficiently bnilt and accommodated by the Officers and substitutes of Sir William Russell, Sir Basil Brook, and Sir Qeorge Hamilton, whicb three persons successively had this Mine in farm from the King, but in the beginning of this present Rebellion all this hath been destroyed by the Irish under the conduct of Huffh O-kennedy, brother of lohn Mac-Dermott O-iennedy, on whose lands the Mine was situated : which Rebels not content to lay waste the mine, and to demolish all the works thereunto belonging, did accompany this their barbarousness with bloody cruelty agunst the poor workmen, such as were imployed about the melting and refining of the Oar, and in all offices thereunto belonging : the which some of them being English, and the rest Dutch (because the Irish having no skill at all in any of those dungs, bad never been imployed in this mine otherwise than to digg it, and to do other labours) were all put to the eword by them, except a very few, who by flight escaped their hands.

   Sect, 4. This Mine free from deadly vapours, the which otherwise in Ireland are bred within the Earth, as well as in other Countries, as is instanced in a very remarkahle History,

   Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog

10. St Brigid's inextinguishable fire at Kildare

    Kildare · town · Kildare

    At Kildare, the nuns of St Brigid's convent kept a miraculous fire burning continuously from the saint's own time, so carefully tended that though much fuel was consumed over the centuries the ash never grew; the convent itself was called the 'house of fire'.

    Read the passage

    De igne dicto inextinguibili, k Itf onialibns ccouobii, S. Stct. 6. Brigidie Eildarce, olim custodito, ita Giraldus Cambrensis, Topograph. Hibemife distiact. 2, cap. 34, Ajmd Kildariam, quam gloriosa Brigida reddit illustrem, digna sunt memoratu, miracula multa; inter qua primum occurrit ignis Brigida, quem inextinguibitetn dicunt, non qubd extingui non possit, sed qubd tarn solicit^ tarn accural^ Moniales et sancta mulieres ignem, suppetenle materia, fovent et nutriunt, til a tempore 81 Virginis,

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 22

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Kildare, this is the town St Brigid made famous. Giraldus Cambrensis wrote of her fire here, called inextinguishable, not because it could not be put out, but because the nuns and holy women tended it so carefully from the saint's own time. Much fuel fed it over the centuries, yet the ash never grew. The convent itself was known as the house of fire.

11. Wood turning to stone and iron in Lough Neagh

    near Lough Neagh · lake or lakes · Antrim

    A widespread belief held that Lough Neagh's water had the power to turn wood into stone, and even into iron, with a stick planted in the ground showing stone in the submerged part and iron where it met the ground. The author's brother investigated near the lough but could not confirm the iron transformation, though many locals swore to the petrification.

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    Sect 8. 0/ the property of Lough Neauffh of turning Wood into Stone. Before we make an end of this Chapter, we must say something of the wonderfiill property which generally is ascribed to Lough Neangh, of turning Wood into Stone ; whereunto some do add, to double the wonder, that the Wood is turned not only into stone, but into Iron; and that a branch or pole being stack into the ground somewhere by the side where it is not too deep, after a cert^n space of time one shall find that peece of the stick which stuck in the ground, turned into Iron, and the middle, as &r as it was in the water, into Stone ; the upper-end, which remained above the water, keeping its former nature. But this part of the History I beleeve to be a Fable: For my Brother, who hath been severall times in places not fitr distant from that Lough, and who of the English thereabouts inhabiting hath inquired this business with singnlar dihgence, doth assure me, that he never could learn any such thing; bat that the turning of Wood into Stone was by every one beleeved for certiun, as having been tried divers times by severall persons : saying moreover to have understood of them, that the water hath thb vertue only at the sides, and that not everywhere, but only in some few phwes, especially

    about

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 7

12. Murder of the Earl of Ulster at Knockfergus

    Carrickfergus · townland · Antrim · 1333

    William Bourke, Earl of Ulster and Lord of Connacht, was treacherously murdered by his own squires at Knockfergus, leaving behind only an infant daughter. This murder led to the flight of the Countess to England and the collapse of English governance in Ulster and Connacht.

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    Againe, in the seaventh yeare of King Edward the Third, the Lord William Bourke, Earle oiJJhler,KaA horde oiConaff/it, The E«rfe was treacherously murdered by his owne' Squires at Knocks- mmdnHi. ferffm, leaving hehinde him, Vnicam et unim anni pliant -^^^^ (saith Friar Clynne.^ Immediately upon the murder com- Ciftt. mitted, the Countesse with her young daughter, ftedde into ""*' England ; so as the Government of that Countrey, was wholly neglected, until, that young Ladie being married to Lionell Duke of Clarence, that Prince came over with an Army, to recover his wives inheritance, and to reforme this Kingdome, Anno 36 of Edward the Third. But in the mean time, what The E»ri«. became of that great Inheritance both in Ulster and Conaght 9 v^ „. Assuredly, in Ulster, the Sept of Huffh-Boy O Neal, then ^^'''' possessing Glaucoukei/n and Killeiyhtra in Tyrone, tooke the opportunity ; and passing over the Banne, did first expell the Abridgs- English out of the Barony of Tuscard, which ia now called ^^0^. the liout; and likewise, out of the Glynnei aud other Landes J*'!i ^""^ up as &rre as Knockefergus, which Countrey or extent of Baron Lande, is at this day called, the lower Clan IIugh-Boy. And '^J^ shortly afWr that, they came up into the great Ardes, which •rript the Latine writers call, AUiludines Ultonite, and was tfaer the inheritance of the Savages; by whom, they were valiantly resisted for divers yeares r but at last, for want of CastleB and fortifications (for the saying of He/irie Satage mentioned in 85 every

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

13. Alternative tradition: Cormac killed by a herdsman near Leighlin

    Leighlinbridge · town · Carlow · 908

    A manuscript in the Cottonian library records an alternative tradition that King Cormac was killed by a herdsman near Béanna, close to Leighlin, while kneeling in prayer for his army during the battle.

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    An. Dccccvi Flanns Melsechlini filius rex Hiberaise, coacto exercitu, in Momoniam irmit, eamqae proTinciam, ad Limericum (al. Ltunniacam) usque, diripuit et vastavit. Caeterum Cormacus, qui tempori cedens, fagfi evaserat, h&c injuria irritatus, anno insequente, Midiam cum copiis ingressos, Flauum prselio iudit, eumque ad conditiones quaadam obsernandas, dbi obsides tradere coegit iisq; acceptis, Ca^eliam reversus est Anno verb dccccviii (al. Dccccvn) Flanus, ut cladem nuper acceptam ulcisceretur, pactis et obsidibua traditis non obetantibus, cum Lagenienai et Conadenai regibus egit, ut conjuncda yiribus Momonienses adorirentur, eoque SQCcessu, ut maximis copiia instructus, signa adversus Cormacum extulerit: Momoniensium exercitui in loco djcto Mt>^- albet obviam &ctua est, ubi August! die xti, post longam et cruentam puguam, cessit ei victoria, Cormaco rege ibidem occiso. Cfeai etiam cum eo feruntur duces feii omnes primarii, seu mavis, reguli, inter quos nominatur Fogertachus Eerriensis et Kellacbus Ossoriensia. Sic Annales Hibemici. Ceeterum Caradocus Lhancarvanenais, Cormacum sub hoc tempore, 11 Danis in praelio occisum tradit. Memini etiam me legisse in codice quodam MS. bibliodiecse Cottonianse, eum & bubulco quodam occisum, ad Beanree prope Legblinam, dum ibidem, pro exercitu suo tunc pugnante, ad Deum preces fundens, in genua proeumberet. Tanta est de ejus csede discrepantia. Ego vero non possum uon assentiri, tam Annalibus Uttonienaibus, qukm iis coenobii Canonicomm Inis-fallanse in agro Ecrriano, qui a dicto Flani exercitu, victum eum et occisum tradunt Corpus ejus Casseliam delatum ibidem tumulo conditum est. Vir fiiit eruditus et Andquitatum Hibernicarum scientissimus, Scripsit lingu4 mk patriS, historiam Pgaller-Caakell vuigo dictam, quee etiamnum extat, et magno habetur in pretio. Excerpta qnsedam ex dicta Historia, in vetTisto babeo codice membraneo, Psalter-na ran appellato, ante annos plusqukm 300 exarato, ut ex characteris autiquitate liquet In eodem codice sunt multa miscellanea de rebus Hibemicia, partim Latinfe, partim Hibemici, collecta per Oengusium Celide, inter quse, catalognm babemus nudum (solum nimirum nomina) regum Hibernise, ab Heremone ad 89 Brienum

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 26

14. Destruction of the Purgatory cave by papal authority, 1497

    near Lough Derg · lake or lakes · Donegal · 1497

    On St Patrick's Day in 1497, by the authority of Pope Alexander VI, the guardian of the Franciscan house at Donegal and others destroyed the famous cave-shrine on Lough Derg as a supposititious relic, though it was later restored and pilgrimage to it resumed.

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    ciflci. Imula S- Dabeoci, al. Hoc ccenobium Canonicomm Angus* Avoffi, in lacu rubra, tinianomm in Regesto Johannis Bole *'ulgb, Logh-derff, qnondam Arcbiepiscopi Armachani apaliia Logh-gerg. P. pellatur Locu» ^lialia monaaterii Apostolorum Petri et Pauli Armacka, S. Dabeocnm fondfisse feront seculo 5, vivente S. Patricio. Alii S. Patricinm fondatorem volunt Prior loci olim appellabatnr Prior Pnrgatorii S. Patricii; sed antmm ipsnm, vulg6 Purgatorium <Uctmn, cujns inventio k qoibusdam ad Patricinm Abbatem, qui floruit anno 850, ab aliis, ad S. Patricinm refertur, in alia situm est insula ejusdem lacns, in qua plemmque nnus dnntaxat vel aliiu Canonicns osnobii S. Dabeoci mansit, ad nsum ecclesiEe et peregrinantinm. De hoc antro, mira fidem superantia nairantur. Dirutum Atiase, utpot^ suppositicium, ipso die S. Patricii, anno Dom. 1497, Alexandri 6 Papie anthoritate, k Qardiano domus fntram Minomm de Donegall et aliis, prodit ad eum annum, qui turn vixit, author Annalium Ultonlenaiiun. Attamen restanratum posted, et peregriuationibus denub frequentatnm constat. Sunt qui ridicol^ somniant Ulissem primum hunc effbdisse specum, cum Inferos aflkretur. Ulissem vero (quod obiter notare llceat) ab Homero vel historic^ dictum vel poetic^ Actum, Hiberniam, unam ^ Britannids insnlis, vel saltern 161 Britanniam

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 33

15. Piers Gaveston's campaign in the Dublin mountains and building of Newcastle

    Newcastle · town · Wicklow · 1308–1309

    Piers Gaveston, banished favourite of Edward the Second and made Lieutenant of Ireland, made a journey into the mountains of Dublin, broke and subdued the rebels there, and built New Castle in the Byrnes' Country and repaired Castlekevin.

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    He was no sooner arrived heere, but he made a journey into the Monntaines of Dublin ; brake and subdued the Rebels there j built New-Castle in the Btrnes Conntry, and ^■'"*=? . repaired Castlekevin; and after passed up into Mounster Candem. and Thomond, performing everie where great service, with ^^^_ " much Vertue and Valour. But the King, who could not^'a*''"- live without him, revokt him within lesse than a yeare. After which time, the invasion of the Scotg, and rebellion of the Barons, did not onely disable this King to be a Conqueror, but deprived him both of liis kingdome and life. And when the Scottish Nation had overrun all this land under the conduct of Edward U Bruce (who stiled himselfe King of Ireland) England was not then able to send either men or money to save this Kingdome. Onely Buffer de Mortimer Manmcript then Justice of Ireland, arrived at Yougliall, cum 38 milit. cibu^ saith Friar Cliiin in his Annalles.

    But Bremingham, Verdon, Slajdelan, and some other privat TSentlemen, rose out with the Commons of Mel/t and Uriell, and at Fagher neere Dondalke, a fatall place to the enemies of the Crowne of England, overthrew a potent armie of them. El fie (saith the Red Booke of the Exchequer, wherein the Ruhr. uhr. victory was briefly recorded) per manus communis popuU el i^' dertram del, deliberatitr jiojiulus dei a scrt-itutc mac/tinala et jiriecogilaia.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Newcastle in Wicklow, this town takes its name from what Piers Gaveston built here in 1308. Gaveston was the banished favourite of Edward the Second, made Lieutenant of Ireland. No sooner had he arrived than he made a journey into the mountains of Dublin. He broke and subdued the rebels there, built New Castle in the Byrnes' Country, and repaired Castlekevin. After that he passed up into Munster and Thomond, performing everywhere great service with much virtue and valour. But the King, who could not live without him, recalled him within less than a year. After Gaveston's recall, the invasion of the Scots and the Barons' rebellion did not only disable this King from being a conqueror, but deprived him both of his kingdom and life. When the Scottish nation had overrun all this land under Edward Bruce, who styled himself King of Ireland, England was not able to send men or money to save this kingdom. Only de Mortimer, then Justice of Ireland, arrived at Youghal with 38 knights. But Bremingham, Verdon, and some other private gentlemen rose out with the commons of Meath and Uriel, and at Fagher near Dundalk, a fatal place to the enemies of the Crown of England, overthrew a potent army of them. The Red Book of the Exchequer recorded the victory.

16. Capture of the Lord Justice at Thistledermot (Castledermot)

    Castledermot · town · Kildare · 1264

    Maurice Fitz-Morice the Geraldine grew so insolent in his war with the Bourkes over lands in Connacht that at a meeting at Thistledermot he took the Lord Justice himself, Sir Richard Capell, prisoner, along with several lords of Munster who were in his company.

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    AoAiBB, those large scopes of Land, and great Liberties, The wu with the absolute power to make warre and peace, did rise JSn oHlw' the English Lordes to that height of Pride and Ambition, as ^^°^i^ that they could not endure one another, but grew to a mortall ona with warre and dissention among themselves : as appeareth by all '™''*'- the Records and Stories of this Eingdome. First, in the yeare, 1204, the Lades of AfcM, made Warre upon Sir John Courcif ; who having taken him by treachery, sent him prisoner into Enc/iand. In the yeare, 1210, King John Amaia comming over in person, expelled the Lacis out of the King- ^^jJJ^ *" dome, for their tiranny and oppression of the English: howbeit, uppon payment of great Fines, they were afterward restored. In the yeare, 1228, that &mily beeing risen to a greater height (for Hugh de Lacy the younger, was created Earle of Uhler, after the death of Courcy without yssue) there arose dissention and warre betweene that house, and William Marshall Lorde of Leinsier; whereby allJlf^M was destroyed and layd wast. In the yeare, 1264, Sir Waller Bourke having married the Daughter and heire of Lacy, whereby he was Earl of Ulster in right of his Wife, had mortall debate with Maurice Fiti-Morice the Oeraldine, for certaine Lands in Conaght. So as all Ireland was full of Wars between the Boiirkes and the Qeraldines (say our Annalles.) Wherein Maurice Fitz-Morice grew so insolent, as that upon a meeting at Thistledermoi, he took the Lord Justice himselfe, Sir Richard Cajiell, prisoner, with divers Lords of Mounxler beeing then in his Company. In the yeare, 1288, Richard Bourke, Earle of Ulster, (commonly called the Red Earle) pretending title to the Lordship of 2r 65 . ileth

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

17. Destruction of Waterford and Kilkenny in the Geraldine-Poer feud

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1327

    A quarrel begun because Lord Arnold Poer had insulted the Earl of Kildare escalated into violent factional warfare between the Geraldines, Butlers and Berminghams on one side and the Bourkes and Poers on the other, during which the counties of Waterford and Kilkenny were destroyed by fire and sword until a parliament was called to end the feud.

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    After, in tibe yeare, 1311, tbe same Red Earle (comnung to besiedge Bonrally in Tkomond, which was then held by Sir Richard de Ciare as his inheritance) was againe taken jHisoner : and all his Army (consisting for the most part of English) OTflrtbrown and cnt in pieces, by Sir Richard de Clare. And after this againe, in tbe yeare, 1327, most of the great Houses were banded one against another, (viz:) The Oeraldines, Buiierf, and Breminffhamii, on the one side, and the Bourlcea and Poerg on tbe other. The ground of the quarrell beeing none other, bat that the Lord Arnold Poer, bad caUed the Earle of Kildare, Rimer : But this quarrell was prosecuted with sach malice and violence, as tbe Counties of Waierford and Kilkenny were destroied witb fire and sword, till a Parliament was called of purpose, to quiet this dissention.

    Shortly after, the Lord Jokn Bremingham, who was not long before made Earle of houth, for that notable service which he performed upon the Scots, betweene DundaUte and the Faher, was so extreamly envied by the Oernon», Verdana, and others of tbe ancient Colony, planted in the County of Louth, as that in tbe yeare, 1329, they did most wickedly betray and murder that Earle, with divers principall Gentlemen of his name and Family ; using the same speech that the Rebellions Jewes are saide to use in the Gospell :

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

18. Execution of Desmond followers by Sir Ralph Ufford in Munster

    Munster · province · 1345

    Sir Ralph Ufford, marching with an army into Munster, seized all the Earl of Desmond's possessions and took and executed his principal followers Sir Eustace le Poer, Sir William Graunt, and Sir John Cotterell, forcing the Earl himself to flee and hide.

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    After this, the King being advertised that the over-large Graniits of Lands and Liberties, made to the Lords of English Blonde in Ireland, made them so insolent, aa they scorned to obey the Law, and the Magistrate, did absolutely resume all BQch Graants, as is before declared. But the Earle of Desmond above all men, found himselfe grieved with this resnmp- I|(*in"P- tion, or Repeal e of Liberties; and declared his dislike and Libeitiei. discontentment: insomuch as he did not onely refuse to come to a Parliament at Dublin, summoned by Sir William Morrit, Deputie to the Lord John Darcy, the Kings Lieuteoaiit: But (as we have said before) be raised such disscntion betweene the English of bloud, and the English of birth, as the like was never seen, &om the time of the first planting of our nation in Ireland. And in this factions and seditious AmaUt humour, he drewe the Earle ot Kildare and the rest of the Camdn. nobility, with the Citizens and Burgesses of the principall Townes, to hold a several! Parliament by themselves, at Kilkenny; where they framed certaine Articles agunst the Deputy, and transmitted the same into England to the King. Sir Kai^g Hereupon, Sir Raphe JJfford, who had lately before married Amaia *^® Countesse of Ulster, a man of courage and severity, was rit^T* """^^ Lord Justice : who forthwith calling a Parliament, sent Uimu*. a speciall commandment to the Earle oi Desmond, to appeare in that great Councel ; bat the Earle wilfully refused to come. AntaUt Whereupon, the Lord Justice raised the Kings Standard, and Candtn. " marching with an Army into Mttnsier, seized into the Kinges handes, all the possessions of the Earle, took and executed his principall followers, Sir Evstace le Poer, Sir William Graunt, and Sir John Cotterell ; enforced the Earle himselfe to fly and lurke, till 26 Noblemen and Knights, became Mainpernors for his appearance at a certaine day prefixed: But he making de&ult the second time, the uttermost advantage was taken against bis sureties. Besides, at the same time, this Lord Justice caused the Earle of Kildare to be arrested and committed to the Castle oi Dublin, indited and imprisoned manie other disobedient subjects, called in, and cancelled such Charters as were lately before resumed ; and proceeded every way so roundly and severely, as the Nobility which were wont

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

19. Feagh Mac Hugh's stronghold at Ballinacor and Glenmalure

    Ballinacor · townland · Wicklow

    Hugh Mac Shane, father of Feagh Mac Hugh, rose to power by drawing thieves and outlaws into the fastness of Glenmalure adjoining his house at Ballinacor, using it as a sanctuary from which to raid the countryside.

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    or that they were received to grace by them, and suffered to enjoy their lands, as unfit for any other, yet it seemeth, that in some places of the same they have pat foote, and fortified with sundry castles, of which the mines onely doe there now remaine, since which time they are growne to that strength, that they are able to lift up hand against all that state; and DOW lately through the boldnesand late good successe of this Feagh Mac Hugh, they are so &rre imboldened, that they threaten perill even to Dublin, over whose uecke they continually hang. But touching your demand of this Feaghes right unto that countrey which he claimes, or the seigniory therein, it is most vaine and arrogant. For this you cannot be ignorant, that it was part of that which was given in inheritance by Dermot Mac Morrough, King of Leinster, unto Strongbowe with his daughter, and which Strongbowe gave over unto the King and his heires, so as the right is absolutely now in her Majesty, and if it were not, yet could it not be in this Feagh, but in * O Brio, which is the ancient Lord of all that countrey ; for he and his auncestours were but followers unto O Brin; and his grand&ther Shane MacTerlagh, was a man of meanest regard amongst them, neither having wealth nor power. But his sonne Hugh Mac Shane, the &ther of thb Feagh, first began to lift up his head, and through the strength and great &stnes of Glan-Malor, which adjoyneth unto his house of Ballinecor, drew unto him many tbeeves and out-lawea, which fled unto the succour of that glynne, as to a sanctuary, and brought unto him part of the spoyle of all the countrey, through which he grew strong, and in short space got unto himselfe a great name thereby amongst the Irish, in whose footing this his sonne continuing, hath , through many unhappy occasions, increased his stud name, and the opinion of his greatnes, insomuch that now he is become a dangerous enemy to deale withall.

    Eudox. Surely I can commend him, that being of himselfe of so meane condition, hath through his owne hardinesse lifted

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

20. Rebellion and death of Girald, last Earl of Desmond

    Decies · electoral division · Dublin

    Girald, the last Earl of Desmond, attempted to impose Coigne and Livery upon the Decies in County Waterford, was resisted and overthrown by the Earl of Ormond, and this defeat led him into open rebellion against the Crown in which he was ultimately killed, ending his house.

    Read the passage

    of Damond and Kildare were attainted by Partisinent at Th-offkeda, for alliance and fbatering with the Irish; and for biking Coiffnt and Livery of the Kings subjects, yet was De»~ mond onely put to death ; for the Elarle of Kildare received his pardon. And albeit theBonneofthisEarle of iVnn&fl^, who lost his head at Drofheda were restored to the EUrldom ; yet Tk> Coon- eonld not the Kings gnce regenerate obedience in that degeu Ifeiud. wrote honse, bat it grew ratlier more wilde and baHnroos, S2 H. a tben before. For from thenceforth they reclaimed a strange priviledge ; That the Earlet of Detmond thould tterer eonut to any Parliament or Orand-Coun*ell, or ttithin any walled towne, hut at their will and pleantre. Which pretended priviledge, Jamet Earie of Demnond, the Father of Girald the last Earie, renounced and snrrendered by fats Deed, in the Chancery of Ireland, in the 32 of Henry the Fight At what time, among the meer Irishry, he sabmitted himselfe to Sir Anthony Saini-Leffer, then Lord Deputy, tooke an Oath of Allegiance; Covenanted that he wonld snfF^ the law of Fngland to be execated in his Coontrey ; and assist the Kings Jadges in their Circnils; and if any Sobsidies should be granted by Parliament, he would permit the same to be levied upon his Tenants and followers. Which Covenants are as straunge as the priviledge itselfe, spoken of before. But tliat which I conceive most worthy of Observation, upon the fortunes of the house of Desmond, is this ; that as Maurice Fiti-Thomaa, the first Earie, did first raise the greatnes of that house, by Irish exactions and oppressions ; so Girald the last Earie, did at last ruine and reduce it to nothing, by using the like extortions. For certain it is, that the first occasion of his rebelUon, grew from hence; that when he attempted to charge the Decies in the County of Water/ord, with Cotyite and Livery, Black Rents and Cosherios, after the Irish manner, he was resisted by the Earie of Omiotid, and upon an encounter, overthrowne and taken prisoner ; which made his heart so unquiet, as it easily conceived treason against the Crowne, and brought forth actuall and open Rebellion, wherein he perished himselfe, and made a final extinguishment of his house and honour. Oppression and extortion did 90 mdntain

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

    As the companion tells it

    The road is taking you through the Decies, in County Waterford. This is the country where the last Earl of Desmond, Girald, brought down his own house. The Desmond earls had long claimed a strange privilege: that they need never come to any Parliament or Grand-Council, or enter any walled town, except at their own will and pleasure. Girald's father, James Earl of Desmond, had renounced that privilege by deed in the Chancery of Ireland, in the 32nd year of Henry the Eighth. He submitted himself to Sir Anthony Saint-Leger, then Lord Deputy, took an oath of allegiance, covenanted that he would suffer the law of England to be executed in his country, assist the King's judges in their circuits, and permit any subsidies granted by Parliament to be levied upon his tenants and followers. But the house grew wild rather than obedient. Maurice Fitz-Thomas, the first Earl, had raised the greatness of Desmond through Irish exactions and oppressions. Girald, the last Earl, ruined it the same way. He attempted to charge the Decies in County Waterford with Coigne and Livery, Black Rents and Cosheries, after the Irish manner. The Earl of Ormond resisted him. Upon an encounter, Girald was overthrown and taken prisoner. This made his heart so unquiet, as the record says, "as it easily conceived treason against the Crowne, and brought forth actuall and open Rebellion." He perished in that rebellion, and made a final extinguishment of his house and honour.

21. Bodies remain incorrupt and unburied on Aran

    near Aran Islands · island or archipelago · Galway

    Giraldus Cambrensis reports the tradition that on the island of Aran, human corpses are neither buried nor decay, but remain exposed to the open air and stay incorrupt, allowing people to see and recognize their ancestors across generations.

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    ft in Reffiotiihtix ririiiix (ut ille habet) iiui/iox occidi-bat. Proximo melioris notse sunt txea A raiics insulsB, scilicet Inis-ier, Iiiig-maiie et Araii-more, quae nunc ad agmm Galviensem spectant, olira verb ad Momoniam pertinebiuit. Harum pnecipua est, Aran-More, id est, Arati'Magna, dicta etiam Arnna-ncBinh, sive Aran Sanctorum, ob eanctos ibi sepultos. De hac insula et S. Enna, aliks Endeo, primo ibidem Abbate, ita scriptor vitfe S. Albei, CiVm S. Alheux rererteretur de Camell, occurrit ei Entia abbas diceHK: revertere meciim ad regem (^ngusam) etquiETe jni/ii ad eo illain Iniittlam, i.e. Ar^, ut in tiomine Domini faciam ibi motiaslerium. Tunc rerergus SanctUK Albeiis adregem salutavit eum diccns: illam instilam posi/am in Oceana tnarin, da tiobii ut adijicemvs ibi tnonasleriiim. i?^x ait non vidi nee audtvi qualis et quanta sit ilia insula, et id^o neinini illam dabo, utpriiu sciani quomodh sit. Tunc virtus divina fecit regem videre totam earn itiaulam per longa spalia terrarum, et xcivit gualia et quanta fuit. Tradidit autern rex Sanctis insulam Arn, et sub S. Albeo, S. Erifia construxit ibiegregium nioHaaterium, et sub uno nomine t/oniinatur etiam insula, i. Am. Et magna est ilia insula, et est terra Sanctorum, quia nemo ecit numerum sanctorum, qui sepuUi sunt ibi, nisi solus Deas. Hsec ille: cui astipulatur Ecriptor vitse S. Endei, qui aaserit etiam Dariniam, Endei sororeni, iEngusse regis fiiisse uxorem. Sed audi porro &buloaam relationem de hac insula, ex Giraldi Cambrensis Topograph. Hibemiee Distinct, ii. Cap. vii, Est insula qtieedam in occidentali Conactia* solo posita cui nomen Aren, a S- Brendano, ut aiunt, consecrata. In kac, hominum cmpora nee humantur nee putrescunt, sed sub dio posita et exposita, permanent incorrupta. Hie homines avos, alavos et tritaion longamque slirpis sum retrb seriem, mirando conspiciunt et cogfioscunt. Est et aliud ibi nolabile, quia citm per totam Hiberniam copies^ nimis mures abundant, liac tamen insula mure caret: mus enim non nascitur hie, nee rivit inrectus, &c. Nescio an hic operae pretinm sit memorare incolas nonnullos qui fide digni vidcri volunt, affirmare se, ex his insulis, tasci- * Sah melius.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 37

22. Brian Boru's body reputedly buried at Kilmainham

    Kilmainham · townland · Dublin · 1014

    Some sources claim Brian Boru's body was carried to the Church of St. Maignan, now commonly called Kilmainham, one mile from Dublin, and buried there near a stone cross still visible within the walls of the former Priory of the Hospitaller knights.

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    Brienns filim Cenedi Lorcani nepos cognomento Buruma sive Boro rex Momoniae, Princeps ob anirai wrtutes celeberrimna, postqu^m Danos multis prsaliis vicisset, totins HibernisB rex declaratus est anno 1002. Deinde enactis 12 annis ipse (post crucntam pugnam) in prseiio occisus est ad Chntarf, prope Dublinium, die Parascevea, 23 die Aprilis 1014, setatia Buse 74, {manibus et mertti', inquit Marianus Scotus, ad Deum infentus) unk cum filio suo MurcLardo et mnltis aliis, a Sitrico rege Dublinii. Csesi etiam, ex parte Sitrici, Mailmorda rex Lageni^ et alii quamplurimi. Sunt qui assorunt corpus Brieni ad £cclesiam Sancti Maignani deportatum (Kil-mainam earn nunc vulgo Tocamus, quae unico milliari k Dublinio distat) ibidem sepulturse faisse traditum, non procul k cruce lapidea circulo inclusa in summitate, quae etiamnum visltur, intra muros Prioratns (olim c«leberrimi) militum Hospitalariorum. Alii vero Brientun Armachse sepnltum volunt. Utcunque fuerit, eo interfecto, Malachias (uti diximua) regnum recuperavit, et tenuit usque ad 2 Septemb. 1023, quo nature cessit.

    Interregnum annorum (ut aliqui volunt) 20, Cuano 0-Lachnan et Corcrano, clerico illustri, clavnm interim gnbemantibus. Corcranum autem obiisse anno 1040. (qui nobis est 1041) produnt Annales Ultonienses.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

23. Death of King Cormac at Ballaghmoon

    Ballaghmoon · townland · Kildare · 908

    King Cormac of Munster was defeated and killed in a bloody battle at a place called Moyalbet (identified with Ballaghmoon) after a long and cruel fight on the 12th of August, with several regional chieftains also slain.

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    An. Dccccvi Flanns Melsechlini filius rex Hiberaise, coacto exercitu, in Momoniam irmit, eamqae proTinciam, ad Limericum (al. Ltunniacam) usque, diripuit et vastavit. Caeterum Cormacus, qui tempori cedens, fagfi evaserat, h&c injuria irritatus, anno insequente, Midiam cum copiis ingressos, Flauum prselio iudit, eumque ad conditiones quaadam obsernandas, dbi obsides tradere coegit iisq; acceptis, Ca^eliam reversus est Anno verb dccccviii (al. Dccccvn) Flanus, ut cladem nuper acceptam ulcisceretur, pactis et obsidibua traditis non obetantibus, cum Lagenienai et Conadenai regibus egit, ut conjuncda yiribus Momonienses adorirentur, eoque SQCcessu, ut maximis copiia instructus, signa adversus Cormacum extulerit: Momoniensium exercitui in loco djcto Mt>^- albet obviam &ctua est, ubi August! die xti, post longam et cruentam puguam, cessit ei victoria, Cormaco rege ibidem occiso. Cfeai etiam cum eo feruntur duces feii omnes primarii, seu mavis, reguli, inter quos nominatur Fogertachus Eerriensis et Kellacbus Ossoriensia. Sic Annales Hibemici. Ceeterum Caradocus Lhancarvanenais, Cormacum sub hoc tempore, 11 Danis in praelio occisum tradit. Memini etiam me legisse in codice quodam MS. bibliodiecse Cottonianse, eum & bubulco quodam occisum, ad Beanree prope Legblinam, dum ibidem, pro exercitu suo tunc pugnante, ad Deum preces fundens, in genua proeumberet. Tanta est de ejus csede discrepantia. Ego vero non possum uon assentiri, tam Annalibus Uttonienaibus, qukm iis coenobii Canonicomm Inis-fallanse in agro Ecrriano, qui a dicto Flani exercitu, victum eum et occisum tradunt Corpus ejus Casseliam delatum ibidem tumulo conditum est. Vir fiiit eruditus et Andquitatum Hibernicarum scientissimus, Scripsit lingu4 mk patriS, historiam Pgaller-Caakell vuigo dictam, quee etiamnum extat, et magno habetur in pretio. Excerpta qnsedam ex dicta Historia, in vetTisto babeo codice membraneo, Psalter-na ran appellato, ante annos plusqukm 300 exarato, ut ex characteris autiquitate liquet In eodem codice sunt multa miscellanea de rebus Hibemicia, partim Latinfe, partim Hibemici, collecta per Oengusium Celide, inter quse, catalognm babemus nudum (solum nimirum nomina) regum Hibernise, ab Heremone ad 89 Brienum

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 26

24. Destruction of Meath in Lacy-Marshall feud

    Meath · county · Meath · 1228

    In 1228, dissention and war broke out between the house of Lacy (risen to greater height after Hugh de Lacy the younger was created Earl of Ulster) and William Marshall, Lord of Leinster, resulting in all of Meath being destroyed and laid waste.

    Read the passage

    AoAiBB, those large scopes of Land, and great Liberties, The wu with the absolute power to make warre and peace, did rise JSn oHlw' the English Lordes to that height of Pride and Ambition, as ^^°^i^ that they could not endure one another, but grew to a mortall ona with warre and dissention among themselves : as appeareth by all '™''*'- the Records and Stories of this Eingdome. First, in the yeare, 1204, the Lades of AfcM, made Warre upon Sir John Courcif ; who having taken him by treachery, sent him prisoner into Enc/iand. In the yeare, 1210, King John Amaia comming over in person, expelled the Lacis out of the King- ^^jJJ^ *" dome, for their tiranny and oppression of the English: howbeit, uppon payment of great Fines, they were afterward restored. In the yeare, 1228, that &mily beeing risen to a greater height (for Hugh de Lacy the younger, was created Earle of Uhler, after the death of Courcy without yssue) there arose dissention and warre betweene that house, and William Marshall Lorde of Leinsier; whereby allJlf^M was destroyed and layd wast. In the yeare, 1264, Sir Waller Bourke having married the Daughter and heire of Lacy, whereby he was Earl of Ulster in right of his Wife, had mortall debate with Maurice Fiti-Morice the Oeraldine, for certaine Lands in Conaght. So as all Ireland was full of Wars between the Boiirkes and the Qeraldines (say our Annalles.) Wherein Maurice Fitz-Morice grew so insolent, as that upon a meeting at Thistledermoi, he took the Lord Justice himselfe, Sir Richard Cajiell, prisoner, with divers Lords of Mounxler beeing then in his Company. In the yeare, 1288, Richard Bourke, Earle of Ulster, (commonly called the Red Earle) pretending title to the Lordship of 2r 65 . ileth

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

    As the companion tells it

    As you travel through Meath, you are passing through a county that was utterly destroyed in 1228. The great liberties granted to the English lords, with absolute power to make war and peace, raised them to such height of pride and ambition that they could not endure one another. The Lacy family had been expelled from the kingdom in 1210 by King John in person, for their tyranny and oppression of the English, but upon payment of great fines they were afterward restored. Then that family rose to greater height still, for Hugh de Lacy the younger was created Earl of Ulster after the death of Courcy without issue. In the year 1228, dissention and war broke out between that house and William Marshall, Lord of Leinster. The result was that all of Meath was destroyed and laid waste. The records and stories of this kingdom show that this was part of a wider pattern of mortal war and dissention among the English lords themselves, stretching across decades. Before this, in 1204, the lords of Meath made war upon Sir John Courcy, took him by treachery, and sent him prisoner into England. After Meath's destruction, the conflicts continued, with the Bourkes and the Geraldines filling all Ireland with wars in 1264.

25. Earl of Desmond executed at Drogheda

    Drogheda · town · Louth · 1467

    Thomas, Earl of Desmond, was beheaded at Drogheda (called Fontana in Latin, Tredagh in the vernacular) on 15 February on the order of John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester and Deputy of Ireland, for imposing exactions similar to those of his predecessors.

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    Nam is plurioiis Hibernise locb, per multoa posted amios, imposita, misellum populum graviter afflixenmt, etiam non obstantibus Statutis quibusdam Parlamentaiiis, quibus ist^direptiones et expilationea probibitie fiierunt, sub poena proditioois. Sed plus valent boni mores (ut rect^ Tacitus) qukm borne leges. De Comitb illius Seneschallo Johanne Cotterelt, morte mulctato, Radulphi de Ufford Uibemise Justitiarii mandato, quod multax graves, extratteas et intollerabiles leges exercuisset, tenuUset, et invenisset, vdd. Job. Olynni Annalee, ad annum 1345. Notant aliqui hocipsnm exactionum genus, tmi ex jam died Mauntii posteris fuisse exitiale : nam Thomas Comes Desmonise, ob similia tributa, qu» subditis imposuerat, cafute plexus est Fontanse, (quam Droghedam et vulgo Tredagh vocamus) Febmarii 15, anno Domini KCCCCLZvn, jossu Johannis Tiptofti Wigomife comitis Hibemijeque Deputati. Atqui Thomas Russellus in HIstoria Creraldinorum, quo authore nescio, Desmonium sublatum asserit, machinationibns Elizabeths Usoris Edwardi iv, in nltionem verborum qnae contra earn, ad Regem loquutus fiierat. Ad voces ipsas quod attinet; (Togn verbum est Anglicum, qnod pecuniam signi* ficat, et l<ttiers, in mitiori sensu, res necessarias, qua vel ex 62 debito

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 21

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Drogheda, you are travelling through the town where Thomas, Earl of Desmond, was beheaded on 15 February 1467. He was executed on the order of John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester and Deputy of Ireland, for imposing tributes on his subjects similar to those his predecessors had exacted. The town was called Fontana in Latin and Tredagh in the vernacular. There is another account of the matter. Thomas Russell, in his History of the Geraldines, attributes Desmond's death to the machinations of Elizabeth, wife of Edward IV, in retaliation for words Desmond had spoken against her to the King. So the execution may have had more than one cause behind it.

26. St Patrick's Purgatory: the marvellous cave on Lough Derg

    near Lough Derg · lake or lakes · Donegal

    On an island in Lough Derg stood the cave known as St Patrick's Purgatory, a place of pilgrimage and penance about which extraordinary and scarcely credible stories were told; the author even cites classical poets who linked such underworld entrances to Britain and Ireland.

    Read the passage

    ciflci. Imula S- Dabeoci, al. Hoc ccenobium Canonicomm Angus* Avoffi, in lacu rubra, tinianomm in Regesto Johannis Bole *'ulgb, Logh-derff, qnondam Arcbiepiscopi Armachani apaliia Logh-gerg. P. pellatur Locu» ^lialia monaaterii Apostolorum Petri et Pauli Armacka, S. Dabeocnm fondfisse feront seculo 5, vivente S. Patricio. Alii S. Patricinm fondatorem volunt Prior loci olim appellabatnr Prior Pnrgatorii S. Patricii; sed antmm ipsnm, vulg6 Purgatorium <Uctmn, cujns inventio k qoibusdam ad Patricinm Abbatem, qui floruit anno 850, ab aliis, ad S. Patricinm refertur, in alia situm est insula ejusdem lacns, in qua plemmque nnus dnntaxat vel aliiu Canonicns osnobii S. Dabeoci mansit, ad nsum ecclesiEe et peregrinantinm. De hoc antro, mira fidem superantia nairantur. Dirutum Atiase, utpot^ suppositicium, ipso die S. Patricii, anno Dom. 1497, Alexandri 6 Papie anthoritate, k Qardiano domus fntram Minomm de Donegall et aliis, prodit ad eum annum, qui turn vixit, author Annalium Ultonlenaiiun. Attamen restanratum posted, et peregriuationibus denub frequentatnm constat. Sunt qui ridicol^ somniant Ulissem primum hunc effbdisse specum, cum Inferos aflkretur. Ulissem vero (quod obiter notare llceat) ab Homero vel historic^ dictum vel poetic^ Actum, Hiberniam, unam ^ Britannids insnlis, vel saltern 161 Britanniam

    D,„l,z.d by Google

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 33

27. Siege of Athlone Castle in Bourke-Verdun feud over Meath

    Athlone · town · Westmeath · 1288

    In 1288, Richard Bourke, Earl of Ulster (the Red Earl), claiming title to the Lordship of Meath, made war upon Sir Theobald de Verdun and besieged him in the Castle of Athlone.

    Read the passage

    AoAiBB, those large scopes of Land, and great Liberties, The wu with the absolute power to make warre and peace, did rise JSn oHlw' the English Lordes to that height of Pride and Ambition, as ^^°^i^ that they could not endure one another, but grew to a mortall ona with warre and dissention among themselves : as appeareth by all '™''*'- the Records and Stories of this Eingdome. First, in the yeare, 1204, the Lades of AfcM, made Warre upon Sir John Courcif ; who having taken him by treachery, sent him prisoner into Enc/iand. In the yeare, 1210, King John Amaia comming over in person, expelled the Lacis out of the King- ^^jJJ^ *" dome, for their tiranny and oppression of the English: howbeit, uppon payment of great Fines, they were afterward restored. In the yeare, 1228, that &mily beeing risen to a greater height (for Hugh de Lacy the younger, was created Earle of Uhler, after the death of Courcy without yssue) there arose dissention and warre betweene that house, and William Marshall Lorde of Leinsier; whereby allJlf^M was destroyed and layd wast. In the yeare, 1264, Sir Waller Bourke having married the Daughter and heire of Lacy, whereby he was Earl of Ulster in right of his Wife, had mortall debate with Maurice Fiti-Morice the Oeraldine, for certaine Lands in Conaght. So as all Ireland was full of Wars between the Boiirkes and the Qeraldines (say our Annalles.) Wherein Maurice Fitz-Morice grew so insolent, as that upon a meeting at Thistledermoi, he took the Lord Justice himselfe, Sir Richard Cajiell, prisoner, with divers Lords of Mounxler beeing then in his Company. In the yeare, 1288, Richard Bourke, Earle of Ulster, (commonly called the Red Earle) pretending title to the Lordship of 2r 65 . ileth

    ,„i,z.d by Google

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

    As the companion tells it

    Coming through Athlone now, a town on the Shannon in Westmeath. In 1288, this was the stage for a siege in a feud between two of the most powerful families in Ireland. The old records say that the great scopes of land and the liberties granted to the English lords, with the absolute power to make war and peace, raised them to such a height of pride and ambition that they could not endure one another. Mortal war and dissension grew among them, as all the records and stories of the kingdom show. There had been feuds before. In 1204, the Lacys made war upon Sir John Courcy and took him by treachery and sent him prisoner into England. In 1210, King John came over in person and expelled the Lacys for their tyranny and oppression, though they were later restored upon payment of great fines. In 1228, Hugh de Lacy the younger was created Earl of Ulster, and war arose between that house and William Marshall, Lord of Leinster, whereby all Meath was destroyed and laid waste. In 1264, Sir Walter Bourke, having married the daughter and heir of de Lacy and becoming Earl of Ulster in right of his wife, had mortal debate with Maurice Fitz-Morice the Geraldine over certain lands in Connacht. Then in 1288, Richard Bourke, Earl of Ulster, commonly called the Red Earl, pretending title to the Lordship of Meath, made war upon Sir Theobald de Verdun and besieged him in the Castle of Athlone.

28. Ancient Bondage: Servants and Betaghs Bound to Land

    Kildare · town · Kildare · 1316

    The text describes how the ancient Irish kept slaves who were bought and sold at fixed prices, and how villeins or betaghs were bound to the manor or soil, forced into servile labour such as ploughing, digging, and reaping without the right to bear arms.

    Read the passage

    et aliis tnullis. Ita Regestom, fol. 45. Villani hi iidem fuerunt cum iU quos alii Nativoa, sive Oriffinarm, vel Originales inquilinox, alii Betof/iox vocant. De hetagiin fit raentio in antiquo Regesto Archiepiscop! Dublin. Tocato crede hihi nempe in duabns Bullis Urbani iv Papfe, necnon in libro nigro ecclosife Liamorenais, fol. 1. b. unde, ante illius libri combustionem, sequentia fuerunt desampta: Meinomndiim qiibii qualibet caruca de Betaffiis quolibet anno debet arare Domino {episcopo) unam acra>n,ad aeisinam frumenti, et unam acram ad seisinam avenarum, &C. Item Betagii deltent Irahere blada Domini. Distinguuntur ibi Betagii, ^ Tenetitihug. Item in charta Edwardi 2 regis Anglice data 14 die Maii anno regni ejus ix, hoc est, gratiae 1316, qui praifecit Johannem filium Thomse in comitem de Kitdare, dedit etiam illi castrum et villain de Kildare, t/na cuin sercitUt liberd Tenentiuin, Fir~ mariorum el Betaf/iorum, &c. Vox labium sonat Hibemicum. Sed qiuere, Servilia hujusce conditionis homines non pentiittebantnr munera ahqua subire militaria. Et more qtiidem veterrimo heroicorum temporum, ut ostendit Virgilina, ^neidos 9,

    Quorum primavus Helenor,

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 38

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Kildare, this town carries a record of bondage from 1316. That year, King Edward the Second made John, son of Thomas, Earl of Kildare, and granted him the castle and villeins of Kildare, along with the tenants, firmarians, and betaghs bound to the place. The betaghs were a class of unfree people tied to the soil. Each plough-team of betaghs had to plough one acre for wheat and one acre for oats every year for the lord, and they were obliged to thresh his corn. They could not bear arms or perform any military service. The word betagh comes from Irish. These people were bought and sold at fixed prices in the older customs, and their labour, ploughing, digging, and reaping, belonged to whoever held the land.

29. Battle at Gessill: Eber slain by Heremon

    Geashill · town · Offaly

    According to ancient Irish histories recounted by Giraldus Cambrensis, discord arose between the brothers Eber and Heremon after they divided Ireland between them. Following various conflicts, Eber was slain by Heremon in a battle fought at Gessill (also called Argetros).

    Read the passage

    Ort& demum inter fratres discordiS, post varioa conflictus, Eberum in Prfelio ad Gessill, aliis, ad Argetros, ab Ileremone occiaum ti"adunt, turn que Heremonem, tanqukm alterum Romulnm, dictum Monarcbam. Ita pleriimque Giraldus Cambrensis et qui eum eequuntur, ex historii» Hjbernicis. Neque hac occasione omittendns, licet in quibuadam disseiitiat, Oengusus Celide, author antiquus, qui in libro dicto Psaliernarran, de Milesii poateris sequentia tradlt : Hibernia Insula, inquit, inter duosJiliosprincipaUs Militis (vulgo dicti Milesii,) Ileremon et Eber in duas paries dicisa est: Eber autein auslralem partem Hibernia accepit, Ileremon quidem Septentrionalcm, cum Monarchia accepit. Heremon autem primut de Scotia omnem Hiberniam regnavit, per 13 annon, ct quinque Jilios clectoe genuit, quatuor ex its regnarerunt Hiberniam, per 3 annos, et Jarel Propheta, 10 annas. De semine ipsitis, Hiberniain 58 Reges dominarerunt, anlequam Patricius HiberniensibusPassionemetCatkolicain Jidcm reguldmqueChriaii narrarel: et post Patricium, de prole ejus, SO lieges dominaverunl Hiberniam. Ab Ebero, originom duxisse dicuiitur (sed quam verfe nescio) 0-Brieni, Mac-Cartaii, O'Carolli, O-SuUevani, Mac-Cohlani, O-Kennedsi, 0-Hogani, O-Haifei, O-Grara?!, alii. Ab Heremone, 0-Neali, O-Connori, 0-Donelli, 0-Birni, O-Kellei, O-Flahertiei, O-Rourki, 0-Re!ei, 0-Melachlini, &c. Et ab Jero alio fratre, 0-Connori Kerrife, O-Feralli, Mac-RancIH, Magenisii, et alii pauci. Pergo. Imigrationum Partkolani, Nemefhi, ac demum irium Jiliorum 18 " Miliiin

    ,„i,z.d by Google

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

30. Blaithmac slain by Norse pagans on Iona

    Iona · island or archipelago · 800–825

    Blaithmac, son of an Irish king, was killed by Danes or Norwegians on the island of Iona, as recorded in his life written by Wallafrid Strabo. The text notes uncertainty whether this happened during Cellach's earlier massacre or a later one.

    Read the passage

    Anno 807, Daui et Norwegi in Hibemiam appulerunt, et Roscomaniam, regionemque adjacentem ferro flamm^ue vastHrunt. Eodera tempore Cellacus Abbas coeuobii S. Columbae Huensis, multis ^ sois, Norwegorum crudelitate, interfectis, in Hibemiam profugit, et Kenanusse, aliks Kenlisss in Midia, monasterium in honorem S. Columbse sive condidit, sive restauraTit Cum vero annos circiter 7 ibi pnefuisset Abbas, Dermitio quodam in dicto coenobio Abbate relicto, in Jonam sive insulam Huensem reversus est, ubi, post annum unum vel alterum, mortem obiit. Nescio an in laniena prsedicta, Tel posteriore aliqua, trncidatus fnerit Blaithmacus reguli Hibemici filius. Eum, sub bis temporibus, ^ Danis sive Norwegis ethnicis in Jona insula CKSum, ex vita ejus, ^ Wallafrido Strabone carmine descripta, liquet. Omitto hie commenta Saxonis Ctrammatici, qui (more suo) Fridelitbum, Frothonem 3, et Haconem, Danos, multis annoram centuriis, ante hsec tempora, Hibemiam infestaase fingit.

    Anno 812, Classia Normanuorum Hibemiam insulam 99 aggressa.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 27

31. Danes seize and sack Dublin then are driven out and it is restored

    Dublin · city · Dublin · 850–851

    Before 851 the Danes held Dublin and the neighbouring district called Fingal. A fierce battle led to Dublin's Danish garrison being routed and the city plundered by the victors, before Danish forces returned the next year with reinforcements and recaptured and restored Dublin.

    Read the passage

    Ante annum 851, Danos, Dublinio et regiuncula vicina quam Fingalliam vocamua, potitoa esse, ex Historicis Hibernicis liquet. Infer bos et alios ejuadem gentis, hoc anno, atrox commissum est praelium, in quo Dani Dublinienses profligati-, sunt, et Dublinium ^ victoribus direptum. Atqui fugii non panel elapsi, in patriam confngerunt, unde anno inaequente, aaxiliaribus copiis reversi, hostibua victis, Dublinium recuperdrunt et restaurarunt. Danos aive Ostmannos Dublinienses intelligit proculdubio vitte S. Coemgeni sive Keivini scriptor, cum de Dublinio et ejus civibua ita loquatur, Civitas AthrcUath est in aquilonali Laginiensiumplaga, super frctutn maris posita ; et id Scotich dicitur Duh-lein, quod sonat Latine nigra thernta : et ipsa civitas potens et belligera est, in qua semper habitant liri asperrimi inpraliis, et peritiesimi in elaxsibus.

    Anno 852, Armacha, ipso Paschatis die, \ Danis devastata

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 27

    As the companion tells it

    As you come through Dublin, this is a city that changed hands violently in the 850s. Before 851 the Danes held Dublin and the neighbouring district called Fingal. That year a fierce battle was fought and the Danish garrison was routed, with Dublin plundered by the victors. But the fugitives soon regrouped, returned the following year with reinforcements, defeated their enemies, and recaptured and restored the city. A writer of the Life of Saint Kevin described Dublin as a powerful and warlike city on the sea, called Dubh-linn, meaning black pool, where men fierce in battle and skilled in ships always dwelt.

32. Feagh Mac Hugh's threat to Dublin

    Dublin · city · Dublin

    Through the boldness and successes of Feagh Mac Hugh, the Byrnes and Tooles grew so emboldened that they threatened peril even to Dublin, hanging continually over its neck.

    Read the passage

    or that they were received to grace by them, and suffered to enjoy their lands, as unfit for any other, yet it seemeth, that in some places of the same they have pat foote, and fortified with sundry castles, of which the mines onely doe there now remaine, since which time they are growne to that strength, that they are able to lift up hand against all that state; and DOW lately through the boldnesand late good successe of this Feagh Mac Hugh, they are so &rre imboldened, that they threaten perill even to Dublin, over whose uecke they continually hang. But touching your demand of this Feaghes right unto that countrey which he claimes, or the seigniory therein, it is most vaine and arrogant. For this you cannot be ignorant, that it was part of that which was given in inheritance by Dermot Mac Morrough, King of Leinster, unto Strongbowe with his daughter, and which Strongbowe gave over unto the King and his heires, so as the right is absolutely now in her Majesty, and if it were not, yet could it not be in this Feagh, but in * O Brio, which is the ancient Lord of all that countrey ; for he and his auncestours were but followers unto O Brin; and his grand&ther Shane MacTerlagh, was a man of meanest regard amongst them, neither having wealth nor power. But his sonne Hugh Mac Shane, the &ther of thb Feagh, first began to lift up his head, and through the strength and great &stnes of Glan-Malor, which adjoyneth unto his house of Ballinecor, drew unto him many tbeeves and out-lawea, which fled unto the succour of that glynne, as to a sanctuary, and brought unto him part of the spoyle of all the countrey, through which he grew strong, and in short space got unto himselfe a great name thereby amongst the Irish, in whose footing this his sonne continuing, hath , through many unhappy occasions, increased his stud name, and the opinion of his greatnes, insomuch that now he is become a dangerous enemy to deale withall.

    Eudox. Surely I can commend him, that being of himselfe of so meane condition, hath through his owne hardinesse lifted

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up through Dublin now, the city the road passes through. This is the place Feagh Mac Hugh and his people once hung over like a weight on its neck. In some parts of the country they had established a foothold and fortified themselves with sundry castles, of which only the mines now remain. From that beginning they grew to such strength that they could lift up a hand against the whole state. Through the boldness and late good success of Feagh Mac Hugh, the Byrnes and Tooles became so emboldened that they threatened peril even to Dublin, over whose neck they continually hung. As for Feagh's claim to the country he calls his own, the author calls it most vain and arrogant. The land was given in inheritance by Dermot Mac Morrough, King of Leinster, to Strongbow with his daughter, and Strongbow gave it over to the King and his heirs, so the right is absolutely now in her Majesty. And if it were not hers, it could not be Feagh's, but O'Brien's, for O'Brien is the ancient lord of all that country. Feagh and his ancestors were but followers unto O'Brien. His grandfather Shane MacTerlagh was a man of meanest regard amongst them, having neither wealth nor power. But his son Hugh Mac Shane, Feagh's father, first began to lift up his head. Through the strength and great fastness of Glan-Malor, which adjoins his house of Ballinecor, he drew unto him many thieves and outlaws who fled to that glen as a sanctuary, and he brought unto him part of the spoil of all the country. Through this he grew strong, and in short space got unto himself a great name among the Irish. Feagh, continuing in his father's footing, through many unhappy occasions increased his name and the opinion of his greatness, so that he is become a dangerous enemy to deal with.

33. Kellach Frasach dies and is buried on Iona at the Tomb of the Kings of Ireland

    Iona · island or archipelago · 778

    Kellach Frasach, son of Fergal, died in 778 after reigning 15 years and was buried on the island of Iona (Hu, or I-Columb-Kill), perhaps beneath a tomb in the churchyard there inscribed 'Tumulus Regum Hiberniae' according to Buchanan.

    Read the passage

    Kellua Fraasach sive Nimbosus, filius Fergalli, obiit anno 778. ciim regnfisset annos 15, et sepultus est in Jona Insula, aliks dicta Hu et T-Columb-Kill, forte aub tumula, in ccemeterio Eccleaise ibidem, coi incisus est (secundum Bucbanannm) hie titulns,

    TUMULUS REGUM HIBEBNIjE.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

34. Complaints of surveillance under Tyrone's rebellion

    Ulster · province · Ulster · 1603–1625

    The text recounts that the Earl of Tyrone complained he was so closely watched by the state's spies that he could not drink a full carouse of sack without the State being informed within hours. This reflects the intensive surveillance following the suppression of rebellion in Ulster.

    Read the passage

    Againe, whereas the greatest advantage that the Irish had of us in all their Rebellions, was, Our Ignorance of their Countriet, their Pertons, and their Action* : Since the Law and her Ministers have had a passage among them, all their places of FastJiease have been discovered and laide open; all their paces cleared ; and notice taken of every person that is able to do either good or hurt. It is knowne, not onely how they live, and what they doe, bat it is foreseen what they purpose or intend to do: Insomuch, as Tirone hath been heard to complaine, that he hade so many eyes watching over him, as be coulde not drinke a full Carouse of Sacke, but the State was advertised thereof, within few honres after. And therefore, those allowances which I finde in the ancient Pipe* Rolles, Pro gmdagio, et tpiagio, may be well spared at this day. For the Under-Sheriffes and Baylifles errant, are better gnides and Spies in the time of peace, then any were fonnd in the time of war.

    Moreover, these civil assemblies at Assises and Sessions, have reclaymed the Irish from their vrildnesse, caused them to cut off their Glibs and long Haire ; to convert their Mantles into Cloaks ; to conform themselves to the manner of England in all their behaviour and outward formes. And because they find a great inconvenience in moving their suits by an Interpreter; they do for the moat part send their Children to Schools, especially to leame the English language: so as we may conceive an hope, that the next generation, will in tongue and heart, and every way else, become Englith ; so aa 2 Y 3 115 there

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

35. Ostmannic Cremation Burial Found in Dublin, 1646

    Dublin · city · Dublin · 1646

    In November 1646, an ancient burial mound was excavated in the eastern suburb of Dublin while a rampart was being formed, revealing a stone-built sepulchre containing a large quantity of burnt charcoal, ashes, and partly cremated human bones, believed to be the work of pagan Ostmen in memory of a chief or noble.

    Read the passage

    In ipso Sepalchro, reperta est magna vis carbonmn combuBtorum, rinerum, et ossium hominis, partim exustomm, partim quasi aetniustorum, opus (ut creditur) Ostmannonmi, utpote ab iis dum Ethnici essent, iu reguli vel nobilis cujusdam memoriam, constmctnm. Qao autem modo Dani olim mortuos cremaTerint et cineres collegerint videre est apud Olaum Wormiam, in Danic. Monain. lib. 1. De antiquis sepnltnris, in montibos vel collibus, sic Virpliue ^neid. lib. 11 ;

    Fuit ingens monle mb alto,

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 39

    As the companion tells it

    In Dublin in 1646, while a rampart was being formed in the eastern suburb, a burial mound was opened and a stone sepulchre found inside. It held a great quantity of burnt charcoal, ashes, and partly cremated human bones. The work was believed to be that of the Ostmen, made while they were still pagans, in memory of some petty king or noble.

36. St Colman's burial on Inishbofin nine years after founding monastery

    near Inishbofin · parish · Galway · 676

    St Colman, bishop of Lindisfarne, sailed to the island called Inis-bo-finde (Inishbofin) where he founded a monastery for monks of both Irish and English nations; he died there nine years later on 8 August.

    Read the passage

    natam insulam qnam 0-Brasil vocant interduui sudo oslo prospexisse. In hnjas insulEe scrutinio, nonnulli nuper oleum et operam perdidertmt. At situm confidentiiis designant cliartffi queedam hydrographicas. De perdita hoc insula, sive insula Brendani, vide, si placet, quie habet Ortelius, in thesauro suo Geographico. PrEeterco hie fabellam de insula quadam maris Hibemici quaiu fantaxticam vocant, innlabili prinid, tandem per it/nein staiili facta, Talium cupidua petat jam dicti Giraldi Catnbrensis Tupogr. Hib. Distinct, ii. Cap. zii. Ad rem redeo. Inter Aratias et continentem, non paucie jacent insulfe exiguas. Magis vero ad Arctum, (inter alias minoris noise) jacent Ardillan, Ilaiiemiaher , I/iissharie, Insula Citniculorum et Inis-bo-Jind, id est, lunula taacte albie, in qnam ingentes massK ambne, (nos 3mfitrgKei« dicimus) aliquoties sunt cject^e. Htc S. Colmanus Lindis^nensis episcopus coenobium olim constraxit. Sic enim Beda, Ecclesiastics Historite lib. 4, cap. 4, Interest Colmanus, qui de Scotia erat epincopus, relinquetts Britanniam tuUt seciim omnes quo* in Liitdinfai-netm insula congregaierai Scotos: sed et de gente Angloruni tiros circiter trigiitta, qui utrique mvHoehica conrersationis erant studiis imbati. Et reliciis in eccictia sua aliquot fratrihus, primb lenit ad insulam Hu, uiide erat ad prtedicandam verbum Dei, Anglorum genti des/tnalUK. Deinde secessit ad trmuiam quandamparvani, quie ad occideiitaletn plagam ah Hibernia pnteul secretu, sermuiie Scotica IniS'bo-Jiiid, id est, insula ritulte alba nuncuiiatui: In banc ergb percenient consfnixil nioiiaslfriiim el monachm inihi, quos de utraque natione collecfw adduxerat, collocarit, &c. Navigatio Colmani ad i/isirlam vacccealb<e, in Annalibus Tigemaci, (qui floruit seculo xi) ad annum refertur dclxxvi. Ibi Colmannus ille naturae cessit noveniiio posteb., die; 8. August!. Eodein inde litore eminent liiixtiirk et Chn-cg, iu qua erat olitn cella ccenobii Knockmoyeusis. Intt-r lias vX continentem (in sinu Borisolensi) confertissimse jacent insular exigme. Turn utmqne Akil, major et minor, cum noto nautis scopulo magis ad occasum, dictu tlrt ISiatlt ISocH, dcinde Jnisken et DarilaH.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 37

37. Aedh the bearded cleric exiled for shaving pupils' heads

    Ireland · place · 1053–1054

    Aedh, known as 'the bearded cleric,' had gained a great reputation for learning and sanctity but was driven into exile in 1053 or 1054 after he was accused of shaving the heads of girls in his school in the manner of clerics.

    Read the passage

    Brienum filiam Cinedi, cognomento B&ro, de quo snpr&t cap. 4. Notaadum hlc coronidjs loco, Casseliam sedem fuisse dim pnecipuam Kegum Momonise, et tmam h primis Hibemue Synodia, ^ S S. Patricio, Albeo, et Declauo, ibi habitam, tempore .^Dgusffi Regis, de quo supi^ Seu. 3. Liceat his adjicere, utpote rem inusitatam, minim tonsurie morem, ab ^do Hibemo iutroductum. Is (k barba promissa vulgo Md clericus barbosus dictns) magnam eruditionia et sanctitatis opinionem consecutua fuerat; cffiteriim amio 1053, vel 1054, in ezilium pulsus est, quod in scbola sua, in qoa clericorum, puellarura et laicoruin magnum habuit nttmervm, Puelias MOBE CLEBICOXDU tuitderet, ut ex Mariano Scoto et Floreutio Wigomiensi liquet. Hlc animo conceperam ansam ampere describendi varias tonsursa formulas, ^ vcteribua, tam clericis (sive Presbyteris secularibus) quim monachis, olim usitatas, eariunque ori^nes, dum alii in vertice, tonanrll ateretttur, in modum coronse spinea Domini, form& sequenti,

    alii, in anteriore tantum capitis parte, rotundft quidem tonsuri, sed imperfect!) orbe, ab aure ad aurem circumdncto; alii, modico circulo in vertice, aliique in toto fer^ capite, relictis tamen inferius, in modum coronse, capillis. Ciim vero observ^rim hsBC omnia, aliaque multa ad banc rem pertinentia, ex intima antlquitate antebac tractata Suisse, ab ernditissimo nuper Arcbiepiscopo Armachano, in Ecclesianun Britanmcarum Antiquitatibus, et k Prospero Stellartio, in Ubris de Coronia et Tonsuris Paganorum, Judaorum, Cbristianorum, mibi satis erit hie subindic&sse. Plurium cupidus petat libros suprk citatos.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 26

38. Cellach flees to Ireland, founds Kells monastery

    Kells · town · Meath · 807–814

    Cellach, Abbot of St Columba's monastery at Iona, fled to Ireland after many of his monks were killed by Norwegian cruelty, and founded or restored a monastery at Kells in Meath in honour of St Columba.

    Read the passage

    Anno 807, Daui et Norwegi in Hibemiam appulerunt, et Roscomaniam, regionemque adjacentem ferro flamm^ue vastHrunt. Eodera tempore Cellacus Abbas coeuobii S. Columbae Huensis, multis ^ sois, Norwegorum crudelitate, interfectis, in Hibemiam profugit, et Kenanusse, aliks Kenlisss in Midia, monasterium in honorem S. Columbse sive condidit, sive restauraTit Cum vero annos circiter 7 ibi pnefuisset Abbas, Dermitio quodam in dicto coenobio Abbate relicto, in Jonam sive insulam Huensem reversus est, ubi, post annum unum vel alterum, mortem obiit. Nescio an in laniena prsedicta, Tel posteriore aliqua, trncidatus fnerit Blaithmacus reguli Hibemici filius. Eum, sub bis temporibus, ^ Danis sive Norwegis ethnicis in Jona insula CKSum, ex vita ejus, ^ Wallafrido Strabone carmine descripta, liquet. Omitto hie commenta Saxonis Ctrammatici, qui (more suo) Fridelitbum, Frothonem 3, et Haconem, Danos, multis annoram centuriis, ante hsec tempora, Hibemiam infestaase fingit.

    Anno 812, Classia Normanuorum Hibemiam insulam 99 aggressa.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 27

    As the companion tells it

    You are coming through Kells in Meath. In 807, Danes and Norwegians invaded Ireland and ravaged Roscommon and the surrounding region. Around the same time, Cellach, Abbot of the monastery of St Columba at Iona, fled here to Ireland after many of his monks were killed by Norwegian cruelty. He founded or restored a monastery at Kells in honour of St Columba. He stayed about 7 years as abbot, then left a man named Dermitius in charge and returned to Iona, where he died a year or two later. In 812, a Norman fleet attacked Ireland again.

39. Danes burn and ravage Rathlin Island

    near Rathlin Island · island or archipelago · Antrim · 794–795

    The Annals of Ulster record the burning and devastation of Rathlin Island by the Danes around the year 794 (recorded as 795 in some reckonings), a raid explicitly attributed to the Danes by the Welsh chronicler Caradoc.

    Read the passage

    partes censentur Tirconalliie, sive iit nnnc loquimur, agri DoiiegallensiA. Atque tiic, post insiilas qiiasdaiii perexiguas, quae ostiia Erni flu. Et portuuin Doiiegallice et Calebegse pra;jacent, in alto comparent 'msu.]3c dictx A rntiw A^aHuiini^'i, ad Aranarumsuprii niemoratarum differentiainipropequassunt s-opuli a nautis vocati 5Ci]t JetaggB, sive Cervi. Turn Cladagh conspicitur, et inagis ad orieiitem Torre, ad 8 milliare ii continente, terra satis fertiiis. IniK-vPn verb, (sive insida Evigenii) licet insula dicta, reverk peninsula est, et isthnio, continenti HiljemiEe annectitur. Huic maximum est ornameiituui Londoii-tli'rrg ci vitas, antiquitiis Deria et Dair-eaiffaic. Proximie sunt Qlrtssedy ct Strahul, al. Iniv-xlrti/iiil, Insulre scopulosse ad qnas Pbocse sc confenint, ut dormiunt et fictum edant. Turn Si:erres, deinde Ruffhliti, quae pars est agri Antriniensis et una leuca k continente abest, Plinio Uiniea, Ptolemaao Ricina, Antonino Ridutia. Cieteriim Historici Hibemici Recarn, et Rferain vocant, Sif/etiiinii Ahbattiii Jie EccleKiam de Recarii fuiiddxne aiittu dcxxxiv, vel dcxxit, prodit Tigemacus; et in Annalibus Ultoniensibns ad an. Dccxcrv, (qui nobis est dccxct) fit mentio Coinbustionii et naxtationis Recrtii'ti per Getiten. Danos hlc intelligi docet CaradocUB Lliancarvanensis, in Cambrise clironico: nam Daiii circa Aeec tempora {ut ille habet) wiiximani Hiheriiite parlfin popiilati, Rrcrein qiwque rnstdrtint. Johannes rex Anglife donavtt banc insulam (inter alia) Alano de Gulwai/, ut ex archivis constat. Inter cam et continentem jacent exiguse nonnuUie insula, et niagis ad sustrum, comparent novem insulse scopulosss dicta; Eijt nint ^aibs, non procul k peninsula Mttffie. His proximse sunt Insulie Coplandicse, i quibus exorsi eunnis, et cum quibus fincni huic capiti iniponcmus.

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 37

40. Drowning of Mr. John Usher at Rathfarnham

    Rathfarnham · townland · Dublin

    A dangerous brook near Rathfarnham, prone to sudden flooding, was the site where Mr. John Usher, father of Sir William Usher, drowned. Despite the presence of friends on both banks, on foot and horseback, no one was able to save him from the violent current.

    Read the passage

    by which it passeth two miles from the sea, and the same distance from Dublin, is far the worst of the two, as taking its heginning out of those great tnountains South-wards from Dablin, from whence after any great nun such abandance of water is deacending to it, that the same, which at other times is of very little depth, groweth thereb)' so deep, and exceeding violent, that many parsons have lost their lives therein; amongst others Mr. John Usher, Father to Sir William Usher that now b, who was carryed by the current, do body being able to succour him, although many persons, and of hie neerest friends, both afoot and horseback were by on both the sides. Since that time a stone bridge hath been built over that brook (as over Dromconran-water there hath been one from antient tames) upon the way betwixt Dubhn and Rings-end ; which was hardly well accomplished, when the brook in one of those furious risings quite altered \\a channel for a good way, so aa it did not pass under the Bridge as before, but just before the foot of it, letting the same stand upon the dry land, and consequently making it altogether useless; in which perverse course it continued, unlill per force it was constrained to return to its old channel, and to keep within the same. To go from Dublin to Bafemam, one passeth this River upon a woodden-bridge ; the which although it be high and strong, nevertheless hath severall limes been quite broke, and carried away through the violence of sadden floods ; although at other times, and when that Brook doth only carry its ordinary water, a child of five yeares may easily and without danger wade through it; and a tall man on horseback riding underneath it, not being able to reach it; in the great floods the water many times riseth so high, as that it doth not only touch, but flowGth quite over the bridge.

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog

41. Growth of towns at Maryborough and Philipstown from garrison forts

    Maryborough · townland · Laois

    Irenaeus cites Maryborough and Philipstown in Leinster as examples where, because of the forts placed there with only small wards remaining, two good towns had grown up, becoming the greatest stay of those two counties.

    Read the passage

    Connaght, the which I know doe so stronglj command all the passages that way. as that none can pass &om Ulster into Connaght, without their leave. The last 500 shall also remaine in their fort at Monaghan, and some of them be drawne into wardes, to keep the kaies of all that conntrey, both downwarda, and also towards O Relies countrie, and the pale; and some at Eniakillin, some at Belturbnt, some at the Blacke Forti and so along that river, as I formerly shewed in the first planting of them. And moreover at every of these forts, I woald have the seate of a town layde forth and incompasBed, in the which I would wish that there should inhabi* tanta of all sortes, as merchants, ardficers, and hnsbandmen, be placed, to whom there should charters and iraunchisea be graunted to incorporate them. The which, as it will be no matter of difficultie to draw out of England persons which wonld very gladly be so placed, so would it ia short space tume those part^ to great commodity, and bring ere long to her Majestic much profit; for those places are so fit for trade and trafficke, having most convenient ont-gates by divers rivera to the sea, and in-gates to the richest parts of the land, that they would soone be enriched, and mightfly enlarged, for the very seating of the garrisons by them ; besides the safetie and assnranee which they shall worke unto them, will idso draw thither store of people and trade, as I have seen ensample at Mariborogh and Philipstowne in Leinster, where by reason of those two fortes, though there were but small wardea left in them there are two good townes now growne, which are the greatest stay of both those two countries.

    Eudox- Indeed (me thinkes) three such townes as you say, would do very' well in those places with the garrisons, and in short space would be so angmented, as they would be able with little to in-wall themselves strongly; but, for the pUnting of all the rest of the conntrey, what order would you take?

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

42. Malachy II dies at Iniscaltra

    near Inishcaltra or Holy Island · townland · Clare · 1023

    Malachy II (Melsechlin), who regained the kingship after Brian Boru's death, died at the age of seventy at Iniscaltra on 4 September 1023.

    Read the passage

    Melsechlinns al. Malachias II filius Donaldi, patri defiuicto Bnccessit anno 980, is Danos pneliis aliquot superavit. Sed cum regn&sset annos circiter 23, regnum ccssit Brienoregi MomoniEe, principi bellicosissimo. Occiso vero post 12 annos in prselio, Brieno, regnum quasi postliminio repetiit. Obiit 4 nonas Septembris anno 1023, septuagenarius, ad Iiiislogh-kaiiiin.

    Brienns filim Cenedi Lorcani nepos cognomento Buruma sive Boro rex Momoniae, Princeps ob anirai wrtutes celeberrimna, postqu^m Danos multis prsaliis vicisset, totins HibernisB rex declaratus est anno 1002. Deinde enactis 12 annis ipse (post crucntam pugnam) in prseiio occisus est ad Chntarf, prope Dublinium, die Parascevea, 23 die Aprilis 1014, setatia Buse 74, {manibus et mertti', inquit Marianus Scotus, ad Deum infentus) unk cum filio suo MurcLardo et mnltis aliis, a Sitrico rege Dublinii. Csesi etiam, ex parte Sitrici, Mailmorda rex Lageni^ et alii quamplurimi. Sunt qui assorunt corpus Brieni ad £cclesiam Sancti Maignani deportatum (Kil-mainam earn nunc vulgo Tocamus, quae unico milliari k Dublinio distat) ibidem sepulturse faisse traditum, non procul k cruce lapidea circulo inclusa in summitate, quae etiamnum visltur, intra muros Prioratns (olim c«leberrimi) militum Hospitalariorum. Alii vero Brientun Armachse sepnltum volunt. Utcunque fuerit, eo interfecto, Malachias (uti diximua) regnum recuperavit, et tenuit usque ad 2 Septemb. 1023, quo nature cessit.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

43. Muirchertach mac Erca drowns drunk in a vat of wine

    Tara · parish · Meath · 527

    Muirchertach, son of Erc, reigned for 21 years and died miserably drunk; some assert he was drowned in a vat of wine in the year 527.

    Read the passage

    Moriertacus filius Ercse, (nomine k matre tracto) dum vino se ingorgitaret, miser^ ebrius periit Non desunt qui immersnm assemnt in doHo vini, anno dxzzit, cnm regn£ksset annoB 21.

    Tuathalm Mtpl;/arb regnare ccepit anno Dom. nzxxir, Regnavit annos 10, h, Mselmorda filio Airgets occisns, anno DXLir,' apud Grellachelte, in Conatia. Homicida autem k &miili3 dicU Regis captns, statim confossus est.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

44. Richard Tuit crushed by falling tower at Athlone

    Athlone · town · Westmeath · 1211

    Richard Tuit, knight and lord of the district who had founded the Cistercian house near Lough Ree in 1210, died the following year when he was crushed by a collapsing tower at Athlone.

    Read the passage

    Richardus Tuit miles, loci Dominus fuiidavit circa annum 1210, et Cisterttensibus monachis implevit, e ccenobio B. Mariiejuxta Dublin. Is anno sequente Athlonse turre cadente obrutus periit

    S. Columba ibi fundavit ccenobiolum Canonicis Kegularibus, sub mediom seculi quinU.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 31

    As the companion tells it

    You are coming through Athlone in Westmeath. In 1211 a tower collapsed here and killed Richard Tuit, a knight and lord of the district. He had founded a Cistercian house the year before, in 1210.

45. Ruined castles of the Byrnes and Tooles

    Dublin Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Dublin

    The ancient Byrne and Toole septs, descended from the Britons, fortified parts of their mountainous territory with castles, of which only ruins now remain, and from this base they grew strong enough to threaten Dublin.

    Read the passage

    or that they were received to grace by them, and suffered to enjoy their lands, as unfit for any other, yet it seemeth, that in some places of the same they have pat foote, and fortified with sundry castles, of which the mines onely doe there now remaine, since which time they are growne to that strength, that they are able to lift up hand against all that state; and DOW lately through the boldnesand late good successe of this Feagh Mac Hugh, they are so &rre imboldened, that they threaten perill even to Dublin, over whose uecke they continually hang. But touching your demand of this Feaghes right unto that countrey which he claimes, or the seigniory therein, it is most vaine and arrogant. For this you cannot be ignorant, that it was part of that which was given in inheritance by Dermot Mac Morrough, King of Leinster, unto Strongbowe with his daughter, and which Strongbowe gave over unto the King and his heires, so as the right is absolutely now in her Majesty, and if it were not, yet could it not be in this Feagh, but in * O Brio, which is the ancient Lord of all that countrey ; for he and his auncestours were but followers unto O Brin; and his grand&ther Shane MacTerlagh, was a man of meanest regard amongst them, neither having wealth nor power. But his sonne Hugh Mac Shane, the &ther of thb Feagh, first began to lift up his head, and through the strength and great &stnes of Glan-Malor, which adjoyneth unto his house of Ballinecor, drew unto him many tbeeves and out-lawea, which fled unto the succour of that glynne, as to a sanctuary, and brought unto him part of the spoyle of all the countrey, through which he grew strong, and in short space got unto himselfe a great name thereby amongst the Irish, in whose footing this his sonne continuing, hath , through many unhappy occasions, increased his stud name, and the opinion of his greatnes, insomuch that now he is become a dangerous enemy to deale withall.

    Eudox. Surely I can commend him, that being of himselfe of so meane condition, hath through his owne hardinesse lifted

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

46. Tirdelvacus O'Brien dies at Kincora, once a royal city

    near Kincora · monument · Clare · 1086–1087

    Tirdelvacus O'Brien, grandson of Brian Boru, king of Munster, died at Kincora, which was in those times a frequent and royal city but is now merely a small village on the Bragainogh river.

    Read the passage

    Tir del vacua O-Brien, Brieni BorumEe k Thaddfflo filio nepos, rex Momonisa successit, obiitque Kincorie pridi^ Idus JuUi anno 1086. al. 1087. fetalis an. 77. Kincora, urbs erat iis temporibus (obiter adnoto) frequens et (ut annales Ultonienses babent ad annum 1061) Reffalis, nunc villula ad Bragainogh fluviuro, in Regione Mac-Coghlani, qute pars est agri Regii.

    Paulo post^ regnum adeptus est Moriertacbus O-Brien, Tirdelvaci filius, qui, cum multos regnisaet annos, decessit 6 Idus Martii anno 1120, et sepultus est in Ecclesia Catbedrali Sancti Flannani Laonensi. Hunc Caradocus Lhancarvanensis et (qui tum vixit) Gutielmns Malmesburiensis Murchardum appellant. Earn et succeisores ejus (sic Malmesburiensis) quorum fama von extulit, ila devotos habuit noster Menricua (Primus) ut nihil nisi quod eum jtalparel, scriberent, nihil nisi quod juberet, agerent, quamvis feratur Murchardum, nencio qua de causa, pauets diebua irt/latiita in Anglos egisse, sed max, pro interdicto naoigio et tnercimonio navigantium, tumorem pectoris aedasse. Sunt qui interregnum 15 annorum subsequutum asserunt. Sed quW vere, quierant alii.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

47. Ulster plantation following defeat of rebellion

    Ulster · province · Ulster · 1603–1625

    The passage describes how the lands of Ulster, once the seat of the last great rebellion, were confiscated from the Irish and redistributed under royal plantation after providence 'cast out those wicked and ungratefull Traitors.' This established a mixed plantation of British and Irish settlers designed to civilize the region.

    Read the passage

    Lastly the possessions of the Irishry in the Province of T>i«piui- Ulster, though it were the most mde and unreformed part m^° of Ireland, and the Seat and Heat of the last great rebellion, are now better disposed and established, then any the lands in the other Provinces, which Iiave bin past and settled upon Surrenders. For, as the occasion of the disposing of those Lands, did not happen without the speciall providence and finger of God, which did cast out those wicked and ungratefull Traitors, who were the only enemies of the reformation of Ireland: so the distribution and plantation thereof, hath bin projected and prosecuted, by the speciidl direction and care of the King himselfe ; wherein his Majesty hatfa corrected the errors before spoken of, committed by King Henty the Second, and King JoAn, in distributing and planting the first conquered Landes. For, although there were six whole Shires to he disposed, his Majesty gave not an entire Country, or County, to any particular person; much lesae did he graunt Jura Regalia, or any extraordinary Liberties. For the best British Undertaker, had but a proportion of 3000 Acres for himself, with power to create a Manner, and hold a Court Baron: Albeit, many of these Undertakerg, were of as great birth and quality, as the best Adventurers in the first conquest. Again, his Majesty did not utterly exclude the Natives ont of this plantation with a purpose to root them out, as the Irish were excluded ont of the first EnglUh Colonies ; but made a mixt {danlation of British and Irish, that they might grow up together in one Nation : Onely, the Irish were in some places transplanted from the Woods and Monntainee, into the Flaines and open Countries, that being removed (like wild fruit trees) they might grow the milder, and beare the better and sweeter fi-uit. And this tnily, is 119 the

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 42

48. Underground Chambers Discovered Beneath a Hill Near Sligo

    Sligo · town · Sligo · 1640

    A round hill near Sligo, one mile from Castle-Coner, was found in 1640 to contain underground quadrangular stone chambers, discovered by a herdsman after the entrance had been blocked for centuries; the chambers are thought to have served as storehouses or as burial vaults for Ostman chieftains.

    Read the passage

    Non prsetermittendum tames nonnolloe reperiri colles rotnndos editos, quorum partibus interioribna in cameras eive concameratlones diviais, Magnates Ostmannici pro domiciliis, sic fiima perhibet, olim atebantur. Atqne talis est collis tile apud Sligoenses in Conada, imico nulliaiik Castle-Coner distans, ad cujus concamerationes sabtemmeas, introitus, per aliquot annorum centnrias, occlusus, anno tandem 1640, k bubulco qaodam, casu detoctns est et apertns. Camene ibi quadranguls sunt, k saxis ingentibas, arcuato opere, ctmi teril superimpositA, in collem formatA, constmctee, nnk cum meato circulari ad easdem. Ichnographiam Areie stmctune hujusce 2 c i!51 cameratie,

    Diciilized by Google

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 39

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Sligo, there is a round hill one mile from Castle-Coner that was found in 1640 to hold underground chambers. A herdsman stumbled on the entrance, which had been blocked for centuries. The chambers are quadrangular, built with large stones in arched work, set into the hill with a circular way leading to them. They are said to have been dwellings for the Ostman chieftains.

49. Burial of King Cormac at Cashel

    Cashel · townland · Tipperary · 908

    After his death in battle, the body of King Cormac was carried to Cashel and there buried in a tomb, Cashel having long been the principal seat of the kings of Munster.

    Read the passage

    An. Dccccvi Flanns Melsechlini filius rex Hiberaise, coacto exercitu, in Momoniam irmit, eamqae proTinciam, ad Limericum (al. Ltunniacam) usque, diripuit et vastavit. Caeterum Cormacus, qui tempori cedens, fagfi evaserat, h&c injuria irritatus, anno insequente, Midiam cum copiis ingressos, Flauum prselio iudit, eumque ad conditiones quaadam obsernandas, dbi obsides tradere coegit iisq; acceptis, Ca^eliam reversus est Anno verb dccccviii (al. Dccccvn) Flanus, ut cladem nuper acceptam ulcisceretur, pactis et obsidibua traditis non obetantibus, cum Lagenienai et Conadenai regibus egit, ut conjuncda yiribus Momonienses adorirentur, eoque SQCcessu, ut maximis copiia instructus, signa adversus Cormacum extulerit: Momoniensium exercitui in loco djcto Mt>^- albet obviam &ctua est, ubi August! die xti, post longam et cruentam puguam, cessit ei victoria, Cormaco rege ibidem occiso. Cfeai etiam cum eo feruntur duces feii omnes primarii, seu mavis, reguli, inter quos nominatur Fogertachus Eerriensis et Kellacbus Ossoriensia. Sic Annales Hibemici. Ceeterum Caradocus Lhancarvanenais, Cormacum sub hoc tempore, 11 Danis in praelio occisum tradit. Memini etiam me legisse in codice quodam MS. bibliodiecse Cottonianse, eum & bubulco quodam occisum, ad Beanree prope Legblinam, dum ibidem, pro exercitu suo tunc pugnante, ad Deum preces fundens, in genua proeumberet. Tanta est de ejus csede discrepantia. Ego vero non possum uon assentiri, tam Annalibus Uttonienaibus, qukm iis coenobii Canonicomm Inis-fallanse in agro Ecrriano, qui a dicto Flani exercitu, victum eum et occisum tradunt Corpus ejus Casseliam delatum ibidem tumulo conditum est. Vir fiiit eruditus et Andquitatum Hibernicarum scientissimus, Scripsit lingu4 mk patriS, historiam Pgaller-Caakell vuigo dictam, quee etiamnum extat, et magno habetur in pretio. Excerpta qnsedam ex dicta Historia, in vetTisto babeo codice membraneo, Psalter-na ran appellato, ante annos plusqukm 300 exarato, ut ex characteris autiquitate liquet In eodem codice sunt multa miscellanea de rebus Hibemicia, partim Latinfe, partim Hibemici, collecta per Oengusium Celide, inter quse, catalognm babemus nudum (solum nimirum nomina) regum Hibernise, ab Heremone ad 89 Brienum

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 26

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, the body of King Cormac was carried and buried in a tomb in 908. Cormac had been at war with Flann, king of Ireland. In 906, Flann marched an army into Munster and ravaged the province as far as Limerick. Cormac had withdrawn at the time, but angered by this, the following year he entered Meath with his forces, fought Flann, and forced him to accept terms and give hostages. Then in 908, Flann broke the pact and ignored the hostages. He joined with the kings of Leinster and Connaught, and with a great army marched against Cormac. The Munster army met him at a place called Magalbet. On the 9th of August, after a long and bloody battle, Flann was victorious and Cormac was killed. Many leaders fell with him, including Fogertach of Erris and Kellach of Ossory. Accounts disagree about how Cormac died. Caradoc of Llancarvan says Danes killed him in battle. A Cottonian manuscript says a bull killed him near Leighlin while he knelt praying for his army. But the Annals and the canons of Inisfallen agree that Flann's army defeated and killed him. His body was carried to Cashel and buried in a tomb there. Cormac was a learned man, most knowledgeable about Irish antiquities. He wrote in his native language a history called the Psalter of Cashel, which still survives and is highly valued.

50. Death of Bishop Walter de Salem en route to London

    Tuam · town · Galway · 1258

    Walter de Salem, appointed to the see of Tuam, died in London on his return from Rome shortly after his consecration in April 1258, without ever having seen his own diocese.

    Read the passage

    EHaffkdunen»iuni . et reliituit, tola tempore sao, temjwralia et spiritualiadictiEpUcopatug, ut h Rot, Placitor. an. 34. Edw. 1. liquet, Concorde quodam episcopo consecrato, et regie assensu confirmato 8 Mail 1251, de injuria sibi illata frusti^ cooquerente. Florentii proximus successor Walterus de Salem, aliquando Decanus ecclesiffi S. Pauli Londineiisis (quern Matthfpus Parisiensis male Archie piacopum vocat Armacha- Dum) obiit Londiiji, in reditu li Roma, panlo post consecra-' tionem. mense niniirum Aprili 1258, antequ^m sedem suaia vidisset, ita at de eo, ad banc rem, non babeo quod dicam. Waltero defuncto successit Thomas 0-Conner, de quo suprk, qui eedi Tuaraensi simtil ac Enaghdunensi prsefuit annos 20. CiEterum sedente ibidem Stephano de Fulbum, vetus controrersia denuo suscitata est, inter eum et Johannein de Ufford, qui in episcopum Enaghdunensem electus, regium obtinuerat asaenaum Martii 16 (stylo Anglicano) 1282, in qua tamen TJffordus Buccubuit. Fulbumo defuncto 5 Nonas Julii 1288, Gulielmus de Birraingbam successit, cujus tempore Gilbertus quidam ordinia Minorum in episcoptim Enagliduiiensem electoB et conaecratus 1306, Teraporalibua episcopatus tandem restitutus est Julii 15, 1308. Archiepiacopo quantumvis invito et reclamante, Mitto bic (ue longus iiiuis sim) lites agitatas inter Malachiam Gulielmi successorem, et jam dictum Gilbertumejuaque successores, Jacob am KernEeum, Robertum Lk PlIU et Tbomara Malieum. Satia erit hie indicare Malachiam Tboma MalsBo, Avenione mortuo anno 1328, eccieaiam Enaghdunensem repertiisae, et ante obitum per aimos non paucos, administi'flsae. Atque ita tandem lis ea diutumx finita est. Venimua jam ad sedcm Elphinensem.

    Elpkirne, E- S- Elpbina, sive (ut alii scribunt) Elfina,

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 38

51. Great Cairn of Stones at Baltinglass

    Baltinglass · town · Wicklow

    A vast heap of stones seen at Baltinglass in County Wicklow is discussed as possibly an ancient burial memorial for the slain, or an offering pile to Mercury, or a boundary marker.

    Read the passage

    Christianil, haud repents in tenebras abiit. Nam in perretnsto libro Canonum titnlorum 66, in Bibliotheca Gottoniana, Anglo- Saxonicis temporibus descripto, sub titulo, De nomine Batilica, et ejm ncisturd, ita legimus: Synod. Hibem. BomXw Qrack, rex hatink, hinc et hasilica regalit, qubd in primi* temporibus reges tanth.m aepeliebantur in ed, nomen lortita e»t- Nam caleri homines sive igne give acervo lapidum conditi aunt. Item, nemo alienus libertatem scindendi basilicam, tine principiii permissione habet : ei si hoc ausut/uerit, reddet tecunditm dignitatem ejusdem loci. Ita aynodus. Ubi et alius antiqnas apud Hibernos sepeliendi mos, sub acervo lapidum detegitnr, de quo vid. typuro, supr^ pag. 222. Si ad banc usum, seu in occisorum memoriam, non aggesta fuerit ingens ea kpidom Btnies, qus9 ad IBfntit'gattti in agro Wickloensi ccmitnr, rel acervus lapidum Mercurialis videator, in honorem Mercurii (ethnici viarum prEesidis) crebro lapidum jactn, k viatoribus autiquitils pro more congestus, vel, onus e monticalia illis lapidoBis qui pro terminis in agris limitandie olim erecti Scorpionei dicebantur. Atque hie in trivio sumus. Nee silentio hie pretermit tend um quod de jure corjjoris sepulti, ex antiqnfl Synodo Hibernicfi his verbis, habet jam dictns Liber Canonum, Omne corpus sejtultum habet in jure sua vaccam, et equnm, et vestimentum, et ornamentum sui lecti, nee quicqvam horum reddeiur in alia debita, quia corporiejut taiiquhm vernacula dehentur. De fceminarum Hibemicarnm vod&rationibus, sive ululatibus, et manuum complosionibns, amicorum fhnera prosequentium, ali& occasione suprk diximns cap. XII. Interdnm porrb mulieres ad mortuum lamentandum conducbe fuemnt, veterum Pr(eft'carum more. Servins Pra^ficam, planctuum principem vocat. Bomanis mulieribus fuisee olim ejulandi morem, ac comas genasque lact-randi, aatis liquet, ex antiquis rerum Romaimrum scriptoribus. Atqui moa ille, HI Tabularum legibus, liia verbis fuit interdictue ; Muliere* genoM ni radunlo. Mulier facieni nk carpito. Mulierea lessum (id est, lugubremejulationem)_/ff»w)»er^o w^ Aa5r?n/o. Tacitus, libro de moribus et populis Gfcrmanise : post descriptionem exequiarura veterum Germanorum, qui corpora clarorum riroriim certtn ligni* cremabatit, et sepuichra ceapite 254 erigebant.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 39

    As the companion tells it

    You are coming through Baltinglass in County Wicklow. An old writer noted a great heap of stones here and asked what it meant. The book he drew on was an Anglo-Saxon collection of canons, kept in the Cottonian Library, which described burial customs among the ancient Irish. The dead, it said, were buried either by fire or under a heap of stones. An Irish synod recorded in that book held that every buried body had a right in law to a cow, a horse, clothing, and the ornaments of its bed, and that nothing of these could be taken for other debts, because the possessions of the dead were owed to the dead. The writer wondered whether the great pile of stones seen at Baltinglass was raised in memory of those slain in battle. Or perhaps it was a Mercurial heap, piled up in honour of Mercury, the pagan god of roads, by travelers in ancient times who made it their custom to throw stones as they passed. Or it may have been one of those stone mounds once set up to mark boundaries in fields, which were called Scorpionei. The same book described the mourning customs of Irish women: their wailing, their ululations, the clashing of their hands as they followed the bodies of their friends. Sometimes women were hired to lament the dead, in the manner of the ancient Praeficae, whom Servius called the chief of mourners. Roman women once had the same custom of wailing and tearing their hair and cheeks, until the laws of the 12 Tables forbade it. Tacitus wrote of the ancient Germans too, who burned the bodies of their chief men on certain woods and raised mounds over them.

52. John de Courcy expels canons at Down, installs Benedictine monks

    near Downpatrick · town · Down · 1183

    John de Courcy's primary seat was at Down in Lecale, where in 1183 he expelled the secular canons from the cathedral church and replaced them with Benedictine monks brought from St Werburgh's Abbey in Chester.

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    Ultonla jam adeunda, quam primus aggressus est Johannes Curcteus, al. de Curcy, anno 1177, Ulidiam Hibernice Ulittffh (ubi hodi^ comitatns Dtinensis) is brevi posteb,, a Rogero Poer, Almarico de S. Laurentio, Adamo Camerarlo ct aliia adjutus, debellavit, deinde anno 1182, Dalriatam, cujus pars est Roiita, territorium hodie in agro Antrimensi ; undo (ni fallor) exierunt olim Dalreudini ilU, de qnibus Beda mentionem fiicit, qui duce Reuda, de Hibernia egressi, vel amicitid ccl ferro, inler Pictos sedes, qtias Itactenits (lut ille) habetit vitidicdrunt. CurcfDi habitatio primaria erat Duni, in Lecalla, ubi anno 1183, ex ecclesia Cathedrali, seculares Canonicos ezpulit, quorum vice, introduxit monachos Benedictinoa, h coaiobio S. Werburgce Cestria; desnmptos. Vita ejus, quam e Latino Anglic^ reddidit Georgius Doudallus archiepiscopiis Armachanus, sub Henrico 8, MS. extat. Curcsei tempore, Anglicie gentis plurimi, sedes suas in Ultonia fixerunt, inter quos fuerunt Savagii, Whiti, Ridelli, MandeviUi, Jordan!, Stantoni, Logani, Sandalli, Poeri, Camerarii, Stokfei, Passelevi, Rosselli, Audlcei, Copland! et Martelli. Ultoniae porro pars erat Ergallia, sive Uriel, qua; antiquitiis complectabatur totani earn regioncm qua> posteSi divisa est in agros Loutheiisem, 202 Monagbanenscm

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 36

53. Proposed garrison plan against Feagh Mac Hugh at Ballinacor, Knockelough, Arklow, Shillelagh and Talbotstown

    Ballinacor · townland · Wicklow

    Lord Grey's plot for suppressing Feagh Mac Hugh called for garrisons of soldiers at Ballinacor to shut him from Glenmalure, at Knockelough against Carlow, at Arklow or Wicklow to guard the sea side, at Shillelagh to cut him from the Kavanaghs, at the Three Castles for Dublin, and at Talbotstown to block Kildare.

    Read the passage

    Iren. I my selfe, by reason that (as I told you) I am no martiall man, will not take upon me to direct so dangerous affaires, but onely as I understood by the purposes and plots, which the Lord Gray who was well experienced in that service, against him did lay downe: To the performance whereof he onely required 1000 men to be laid in 6 garrisons, that is, at BalHnecor 200 footemen and 50 horsemen, which should shut him out of his great glynne, whereto he so much trusteth ; at Knockelough 200 footemen and 50 horsemen, to answere the county of Catherlagh ; at Arclo or Wicklow 200 footemen and 50 horsemen to defend all that side towards the sea. In Shillelagh 100 footemen which should cut him from the Cavenaghes, and the county of Wexford ; and about the three castles 50 horsemen, which should defend all the county of Dublin ; and 100 footemen at Talbots Towne, which should keepe him from breaking out into the county of Kildare, and be alwayes on his necke on that side : The which garrisons so laide, will so busie him, that he shall never rest at home, nor stirre forth abroad but he shall be had ; as for his creete they cannot be above ground, but they must needes fell into their hands or starve, for be hath no festnes nor refuge for them. And as for his partakers of the Moores, Butlers, and Cava- 135 naghes

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

54. A "Nest of Thieves" at Kilmore, County Cork

    Kilmore · townland · Cork · 1596

    Irenaeus proposes stationing 200 soldiers about Kilmore in the county of Cork specifically to break up a notorious gang of thieves operating there, describing it as a den that threatened both Limerick and Cork.

    Read the passage

    Iren. I would have a hundred of them placed at the Bantry where is a most fit place, not onely to defend all that side of tbe west part from forraine invasion, but also to answere all occasions of trouble, to which that countrey being so remote is very subject. And surely there also would be planted a good towne, having both a good haven and a plentifoll fishing, and the land being already escheated to hei Majesty, but being forcibly kept from her, by one that proclaimes himselfe the bast^ son of die Earle of Clancar, being called Donnell Mac Garty, whom it is meete to foresee to : For whensoever the Earle shall die, all those lands (after him) are to come unto her Majesty, he is like to make a foule stirre there, though of himselfe no power, yet through supportance of some others who lye in the wind, and looke after the Ml of that inheritance. Another hundred I would have placed at Castle Mayne, which should keepe all Desmond and Kerry; for it answereth them both most conveniently : Also about Kilmore in the county of Cork would I have 2 hundred placed, the which should breake that nest of thieves there, and answere 152 equally

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 41

55. Cathedral Archive of Lismore Destroyed by Fire

    Lismore · townland · Waterford · 1612

    A valuable book detailing the boundaries and benefactors' donations to Lismore cathedral, compiled by Bishop Thomas Purcell in 1487, was accidentally destroyed by fire around 1612.

    Read the passage

    Hibeniia, eo seculo et diu posted, Ethnicismi tenebris obvoluta jacuit, sed tsec obiter. Ecclesiain cathedralem restauravit Cormacus,filius Mureti, rex Momonise, ciri;a an. 1 130. Viearios chorales ibi primns inatituit et dotavit Griffinas CAris/ojihori episcopus Liamorenais, circa annum 1230. De tempore erectionia Decani et Capituli nihil mihi constat. Librum habait h(ec ecclesia lectissimum, de ejus junbas, et bene&ctomm donationibas, quein composuit Thomas Pursellm episcopus Lismorensis et Waterfordienais, anno Dom. 1487. Atqui, ma^o ecclesiie detrimento, liber ille igne fortuito combostus est, circa annum 1612. Hee du» sedes, Lismorensis inqoam et Waterfordiensia reali/er (ut loquimur) unit^ fiierunt et conjunctse ab Innocentio vi Pontifice, anno 1363. Prirons utrituque sedia episcopus post unionem fiiit Thomas quidam, qui h Canonico Lismorensi factua eat Lismorensis episcopus an. 1358, et Rogero Cradoco Mirorit^ episcopo Waterfordiensi ad sedem Landavensotn in ^\'allia transkto an. 1 362, utriiisque sedis unionem, k jam dicto Innocentio vi, panlo postea obtinnit. De antiqua urbis Lismorensis celebritate, Corollarii loco, audi vetuatum vit» S. Carthagi scriptorem; Egregia et aancia civitas eat Lextnior: cujue dimidivm cut A»ylum, in quo nulla mulier attdet intrare, aed plenum est celliii et monasterii* lanctia: et muUitudo virorum Mnctoram illic manel. Viri autem religiosi ex omni parte Hiberiiitf, et non solum, ted ex Anglia et Britatmia conjluunt ad earn, volentea ibi migraread Chrintum. Et est ipsa civitaa posita super ripam ^iiminit: quondam dicti Nem, modo aulcm Ahmi-mor, idestamnis magnus, inplaga regtonia Nan-Desi. Hunc fluvium Ptolemseus Dauronam vocat, Nechamua Arenmor, de quo ita ille;

    Vrhem Lismor pertramit /lumen Avenmor, Ardmor cernit ubi coiicitm aqmr adit.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 38

56. Aedh V Ornaid drowns or dies in battle at the fords of Athdaferta in Tirconnell

    Tirconnell · townland · Fermanagh · 819–820

    Aedh V, called Hugh Ornaid, son of Niall Frasach, died in 819 or 820 at age 60 at the fords of Athdaferta in Tirconnell; some accounts say he was killed instead in the battle called Cath-droma.

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    Edanus V. aliks Hugo cognomento Omaid, filius NelU Fraasach, obiit anno 819, vel ut alii habent 820, setatis snie 60, ad vada de Atkda/erla in Tirconallta. Sunt qui in pnelio Calhdroma dicto, occisum tradunt.

    Concobarua aliks Cornelius, filius Bonati, obiit anno 832, 30 cCim

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 16

57. Bertram de Verdun dies in Palestine after grant of Uriel lands

    Louth · town · Louth · 1192

    Bertram de Verdun, seneschal of Ireland, was granted four cantreds of land in Uriel and half a cantred in Louth, but he later died in Palestine in 1192.

    Read the passage

    Monaghaneiisem et Ai'machanum. Sub exitum Henrici 2, filius ejus Johannes turn Hibemise dictus Dominus et Comes Moretoniie, dedit Bertramo de Verdun, Hibemiie senescballo (qui in Palestine postea obiit anno 1192) tjuatuor Cantredtis trrrte in Vriele inadicta, et HimidiuHi Cantredas terra in Luia (al Loutha) illiid ncil. quod est verxtts mare, pro »eriitio iiO Militam. Kujus generis sunt alia non pauca, ex arcliivis plenlmqae petenda, quae alioruin penitiori indagini relinquimus. Mitto hlc varias Johannis Curcsei expeditlones et incursiones in alias Ultonise partes, necnon pnelia inter eum et Hibernos commissa, ut qme ad hunc locum non pertinent. Satis erit hlc indlcare, ob Ulidiam debellatam, et bedes quas ille et commili tones in e& potisauxLy^-^'eraiit, ^ Jocelino monacho Fumessensi (quvf^J^D vixit) in ProloffO ad vitam Sancti Patricii, appellatjjfo Ulidite Principem.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 36

58. Burial of Reimundus le Gros at Molana Abbey

    Molana Abbey · ecclesiastical site · Waterford

    Reimundus Crassus (Raymond le Gros), a prominent knight under Henry II who fought in the conquest of Ireland, was buried at the monastery of Molana on the island of Molana. The abbey there had been founded by S. Molanfidus in the 6th century.

    Read the passage

    Hoc ccenobium Canoniconun Regnlarinm Dar-inis olim dictum, S. Molanfidus primus ibidem Abbas fundavit, seculo 6. Frsefuit ibi posted S. Eachnanos cognomento Mongaeh i. Crinitns, quia cum ciesarie natu». Conaule Johannis Colgani Acta Sanctorum Hiberniie, ad 13 Martii. In hoc cceaobio sepultQS dicitor Reimundus Craasua (sive le Gros) vir magni oominis sub Henrico 2, qui in expugnanda Hibernia operam navavit egregiam. Mothil, M. SS. Coani Coenobium Motbilense originem soam tt Brogani. debet S. Brogano, cui (ni fiillor) suc-

    cessit in pnefectura ccenobii, S. Coanns Tel Coanus, seculo Christi 6. Sunt qui 167 dicunt

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 34

59. Burial of St Barri at Cork Cathedral

    Cork · city · Cork

    St Barri (Finbarr), first bishop of Cork, died peacefully at Cloyne and his body was carried to Cork where it was honourably buried in his church, with his bones later placed in a silver casket.

    Read the passage

    Barri, al. Finbarri. Barms, aliis Finbarrca, sive Barrns albas, dictos etiam antea Loclianus, in Oonati^ ortus, primus priefuit episcopna. Ecclesiam oathe> dralem is ibi loci Amdavit ineimte secido vn, et ctim aiinos Bedisset 17, rel secundtim alios solum 7, Clon^, quEe Corcagi& 16 circiter milliaria distat, 7 Kalendas Octobris, amicis drcumstatitibiis, placidi morte obiit: qno autom anno obierit non est omninb certam. Corpus ejos Corcagiam deportatnm, ibi in ecclesia sna, honorific^ sepnltum eat, et ossa, nescio qukm diti poatek, capsulse argente^ indita. Ejus est epistola Alcuino attributa, de ceremoniis Baptismi, si Dempstero credimua. In coemeterio est campanile k t«mp]o paritm distans, quod aliqui existimant Ostmannoram Corcagiensium fiusse opus, et pro specula Tel loco ubi ezcubiee agebantnr ab lis primhm usitatnm. Inter benefactores eccleaiEe primarios, numerantur Gilla-^da 0-Mugin episcopus Corcagiensis, qui nattine debitum peraolvit vald^ senez, an. Dom. 1 173, ejuaque proximi auccessores Gregorius et Reginaldus. In hoc tractu Ptolemsei state Coriondi habit&rnnt, eor&mque nominis Testigia qofedam retiuere videtur Gorca^, qnte et olim dicta Oorcagia magna, nisi quia malit ab Uibernico Concac, quod locum palnstrem sonat, fluxisse. Notandum hlc veteribus Hibemicis usitatissimum, nt c literam in fine dictionis, in aspirationem verterent, et aliquando etiam in initio dictionis.

    GlotiCB, E. S. Colmani. Golmanus ille, filius Lenini, S. Finbarri discipuluB, vir doctus et pius, primus fuit ecdesiie Clonensis epiacopos et fundator. Conatructionis hujtts fit mentio, in vita S. Brendani Abbatis Clonfertensis, his verbis; Erat hie Golmanus Jiliu» Lenini vita atque dociritid, inter ganclo*, pradpuu/i. Ipue fundavit eccleniam Chiiemem, qiix eat hodii catkedralis et famona in parlihuK 2 B 2 237 Momonue.

    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 38

60. Danish king slain, treasure found in Dublin treasury

    Dublin · city · Dublin

    Saxo Grammaticus records that Hugletus, a rich but avaricious king of Ireland, was defeated and killed in battle by Haco the Dane, after which a great sum of money was found in his treasury at Dublin. The author notes this story is rejected as fable by the best-informed Irish antiquaries.

    Read the passage

    Sed bfec obiter. Ad rem veniendum est, ac prim6 qtuerendnm, an Hibemi ante Anglomm adventum, nummis nsi (uerint, Tel auro dontaxat, argento, tere, ant annnlis, ad certum pondns examinatb. SaxoGrammaticua,lib. 6, Historite Danicte narrat Hngletem regem Hibernise, divitem sed avaram, ab 119 Hacone

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    Internet Archive acollectiontrac01thomgoog, Chapter 28

    As the companion tells it

    Dublin ahead. Saxo Grammaticus writes that Hugletus, a rich but avaricious king of Ireland, was slain in battle by Haco the Dane, who then found a great sum of money in his treasury here. The best-informed Irish antiquaries reject the tale as fable.