Collections relating to the dioceses of Kildare and Leighlin (vol. 3)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. Silver coin hoard of the O'Mores found near Ballylinan

   Ballylynan · town · Laois · 1786

   In June 1786 peasants dug up an earthen urn near Ballylinan containing a great number of silver coins, probably minted between 862 and 870 AD, bearing the inscription of the O'Mores of Leix referencing Dunamase. Some coins were later preserved in the Museum of Trinity College, Dublin.

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   money. In June, 1786, some peasants dug up in a field, near Ballylinan, an earthen urn, containing a great number of silver coins. These were probably coined between the years A.D. 862 and 870. The inscription on one shows it to be of the O’Mores of Leix — “O’Laghis king ” — On the reverse “ Dunaghmagh-riada" — i.e., Dunamase. Others belonged to the O’Conors Faly. Some of these coins are now preserved in the Museum of Trinity College, Dublin. (For detailed descriptions see Transactions, R.I.A. vol. i. A.D. 1787). The valiant deeds of the O’Mores, in conjunction with their allies, the O’Conors Faly, which from the time of Henry II. were chiefly directed against the invaders of their country, would be enough to make up a history of considerable length ; they rose in arms nineteen times successively, and members of this family were amongst the most distinguished of the Irish chiefs in the wars of Elizabeth ; nor did the English ever reckon themselves secure, even within the Pale, until these Irish enemies were removed in the reign of Philip and Mary. Drury writing to Burghley, 27th Oct., 1578, says : “ I bear still in mind your lordship’s opinion concerning the reforming of these two counties, and the rooting out of these O’Conors and O’Mores, the continual gall of these parts.” (Gal. State Tapers.) “The Plantation of Leix was not finally effected till the reign of James I., when numbers of the O’Mores and other septs of the district were deported to Kerry, Clare, and Connaught. One of these exiles writing in June, 1610, (MS., R.I.A.) records that the banishment and extirpation of all the survivors, men, women, and children, of Leix, was then finished ; and that the Governor and Sheriff of Leix had been occupied during a week, in destroying the people, seizing their cattle aud all they possessed in their own land ; and that an order had been made to hang everyone of them found there.” — Gilbert.

   PARISH OF ABBEYLEIX.

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come

2. Sir Charles Coote founds Mountrath and its manufactory, destroyed 1641

   Mountrath · town · Laois · 1628–1641

   Sir Charles Coote acquired Mountrath in the early 17th century, founded the town amid wild wooded country, obtained a 1628 grant of markets and fairs, and established an extensive linen and fustian manufactory that was destroyed in 1641.

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   This place, called also Moynrath, or the fort in the hog , became, in the beginning of the seventeenth century, the property of Sir Charles Coote, who, although the surrounding country was then in a wild state and overspread with woods, laid the foundation of the present town; In 1628 Sir Charles obtained for the inhabitants a grant of two wreekly markets and two fairs, and established a very extensive linen and fustian manufactory, which, in the year 1641, together with much of his other property here, was destroyed. His son Charles regained the castle and estate of Mountrath, with other large possessions, and, at the Restoration, was created Earl of Mountrath, which title, on the decease of Charles Henry, the 7th Earl, in 1802, became extinct. Newpark, adjoining the town, was the residence of the Earl of Mountrath. In 1831 the town contained 429 houses ; iron was made and wrought here till the neighbouring woods "were consumed for fuel. The Post Chaise Companion , published in 1805, states that “ Near Mountrath is an extensive bank containing, or rather, formed of excellent iron ore, 'within a few feet of the surface ; here an iron and metal foundry has been established and wrought some years since with great success ; but at present, from the scarcity of charcoal, on the destruction of the neighbouring woods, the furnaces are seldom employed ; it is much to be regretted that such a valuable manufacture should be discontinued on the above account, as the country abounds with bogs, and charred turf might probably be substituted in the place of charcoal for most purposes.”

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   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 283

3. St. Fintan frees captive Cormac at Rathmore

   Rathmore · townland · Carlow

   St. Fintan of Clonenagh, hearing that King Colman held Cormac, regulus of Hy-Bairche, captive at Rathmore and intended to kill him, travelled there with twelve disciples; the castle gates and prison door miraculously opened and the captive's fetters fell away, leading to his release.

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   The Vicarage of Rathmore had St. Patrick for its Patron. By a Pat. Roll, Dec. 23rd, 1559, we find Edmond Curren presented to the Vicarage of St. Patrick of Rathmore, in the diocese of Leighlin, vacant by the death of William Cnrren. ( Morrin ). It was part of the possessions of St. Thomas’s Abbey, Dublin. On 1st of May, 1603, a grant was made to John Eustace, Gent., of the rectories, churches, and chapels of Straboe, Rathmore, and Mohacon or Moyacon ( Glonegal ), the estates of St. Thomas Court, near Dublin ; rent, £21 16s. 8d. Irish. The church which stood at Rathmore, has completely disappeared, and also a burial-ground which adjoined it ; from the fact of human bones having been frequently met with in the place, its site is supposed to have been between the Rath, from which the place is named, and of which a portion still remains, — and Mr. Verscoyle’s lodge gate. An important castle appears to have stood here in the 16th century; amongst the eight chief castles in the County of Carlow, as given in Description of Ireland, Anno 1598, that of Rathmore is named. Rathmore was the chief residence of Colman, King of Hy-Kinselagh, in the 6th century ; this Colman had also a residence at Liscolman from whom it is named, (“ the fort of Colman.”) This Colman, who was great-grandson of King Crimthann, was brother of St. Abban, and had for his mother Mella, sister of St. Kevin of Glendalough. After a long and prosperous reign he retired, in A.D. 555. to the monastery of St. Comgall at Bangor. In the life of St. Fintan of Clonenagh it is related that, having heard that Colman had Cormac, regulus of Hy-Bairche, in captivity, whom he thought of putting to death, the Saint, taking with him twelve of his disciples, proceeded to Rathmore to try to effect his release. Colman, hearing of their approach and suspecting the object of their visit, gave orders to exclude them and also to guard well the royal prisoner ; but lo ! the gates of the castle and the door of the prison flew open before the Saint, and the fetters fell from the captive’s limbs. The King, on hearing this, consulted his councillors, and acting on their advice, he set the captive free, and at the same time, all his other prisoners. In the Life of the Saint this place is referred to as, “ oppidum in planitie Lageniensium positum,nomineRathmor,quod Latine dicitur Atrium magnum.” (fiolgan.)

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 329

4. The Charter Horn of the Kavanaghs of Borris

   Borris · town · Carlow

   An ivory horn mounted with gilt brass has been held by the Kavanagh family of Borris-Idrone since a very early period, believed to be the charter horn or tenure by which they held their estates.

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   The Charter Horn. — The horn is made of ivory, mounted and ornamented with gilt brass. It has been in the possession of the family of Kavanagh of Borris-Idrone from a very early period, and is supposed to have originally been the charter horn or tenure by which they held certain estates.

   The Liath Meisicith. — This very curious ancient box was for many ages an heir-loom in the family of Kavanagh of Borris- Idrone, until it was presented, together with the charter horn, to the Museum of Trinity College, Dublin, where they now are. It is made of brass cased with silver, and contained, when presented to the University, a number of loose sheets of vellum on which were written some extracts from the Gospels, and prayers for the sick, in the Latin language, but in the Irish character. There were also water-colour drawings of the Apostles, tolerably well executed, and supposed to have been the work of St. Moling, the patron saint of the family of Kavanagh. Yallency would make the box to be even older than the time of St. Moling. The writings and water-colour drawings above referred to have been reproduced in fac-simile by Mr. Gilbert, in his great work — Facsimiles of National MSS.

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 159

5. The Cromlech at Haroldstown

   Haroldstown · townland · Carlow

   A remarkable megalithic cromlech stands in Haroldstown townland (at the boundary with Clonmore parish), described in Grose's Antiquities as having a large portico formed by two upright pillars, an enormous 23-foot sloping capstone, and a stone avenue leading to it.

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   cannon balls were found here. In the same townland is St. Patrick’s well, of which mention is made in the Name Book. Thorn bushes grow over it. — ( Ord . Survey Letters .) In this townland also (not in that of Tobinstown, as Ryan erroneously states), is a very remarkable Cromlech, which is thus described in Grose’s Antiquities (Introduction, p. xvii) : “ On the west end is a portico, formed by two upright pillars, somewhat round but irregular, each eight feet high, terminated behind by a broad flat stone set on the edge, eight feet high and nine feet broad, making a portico of six feet wide and four deep. This is covered by the cromlech, or large sloping stone. This stone is twenty-three feet long, eighteen broad at the upper end over the portico, and six at the lower or back part, where it rests on small stones about a foot high. Its thickness at the upper end is four feet, and at the lower two. The under surface is plain and even, but the upper convex. The upper part has a large channel, from which branch a number of small ones ; to some they appear natural, to others artificial, for sacrificial purposes. The sides are enclosed and supported by several upright anomalous stones from three to six feet high, making a room eighteen feet long ; eight feet at the upper or west end, and five broad at the opposite one, and from two to eight feet high, perfectly secure against every inconvenience of weather. From the portico westward is a sort of avenue about forty yards long, formed of small irregular artificial hillocks. This avenue leads to the portico. The cromlech is situated in a low, plain field, near a rivulet (the Dereen), on the road from Tullow to Hacketstown.” Ledwich, the writer of the letter-press of Grose, acknowledges himself indebted for the foregoing description to his “ learned and ingenious friend, Mr. William Beauford, of Athy”

   The Parishes of Hacketstown, Rathvilly, and Clonmore, meet at the spot where the cromlech stands ; it appears, however, that it is placed within the bounds of the Parish of Clonmore.

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 227

6. The Cut of Killeshin, a remarkable rock passage on the road to the collieries

   Killeshin · townland · Laois

   The Cut of Killeshin was a singular artificial curiosity on the road to the collieries, a pass through a lofty hill over half a mile long, cut through solid rock by centuries of water flow and cart wheel friction, narrow enough that cars could barely pass and drivers had to shout to warn oncoming traffic.

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   nor heard of a round Tower, which stood on pillars. I incline to the belief that it was a real Cloighteach, coeval with the doorway ; but I think that the pillars mentioned as having supported it, might have been added in later times when the lower part had become holed.” Adjoining the old church, on the sub-division called Castlequarter, is an extensive mound, about thirty feet high, and surrounded by a deep fosse. A castle is said to have stood here, and to have been pulled down about the year 1791. Local tradition would have it that a large town extended in olden times from Killeshin to Sletty — a distance of two miles. Sir Charles Coote, in his Statistical Account of the Queen’s County, written towards the end of the last century (pp. 193-4), makes mention of a town having stood at Killeshin in comparatively modern times. “This place,” he writes, “ is remarkable for having once been the chief town in the Queen’s County, though there is not a stone building now standing except the ruins of the church. Here were the County Gaol and Courthouse where the Assizes were held, and the governor’s mansion, which was a fine building ; also a fort and public buildings, of which there is now no trace. The stone stocks and gallows stood the wreck of time the longest, and their sites are pointed out by the old people in whose recollection they are.” The elevation upon which the present church of Killeshin stands, was formerly called Cnoc-na- Croghaire ; and, more recently, by its English equivalent. Gallows Hill. O’Donovan thinks it highly improbable that there was at any time anything like a considerable town at Killeshin. He remarks that Sir C. Coote did not state the source from which he derived his information. The old Elizabethan map of Leix and Offaly shews Killeshin as a large church only, and Olderrig, in this parish, as a little village of some few houses, none of which would appear to have been a castle. Near the doorway of the old church, to the south side, there is a tombstone, the inscription on which is almost effaced, but enough remains, coupled with the fact of it facing the east, to shew that it marks the grave of a priest. It is said that two priests, named Connor, uncle and nephew, lie interred here ; one of them may perhaps be the Cure Connor referred to in the chapter on Baltinglass. The Cut of Killeshin, writes Lewis, Top. Diet., is a very singular artificial curiosity on the road to the collieries. It is a pass through a lofty hill, above half a mile long, and from 10 to 40 feet deep, according to the rise of the ground, but not more than four feet four inches wide, cut through the solid rock, so that cars have barely room to pass along it. The constant flow of water, and the friction of the

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 235

7. The tale of the buried brooch at Ardristan

   Ardristan · townland · Carlow · 33

   The ancient tale Forbais Fdair relates that around AD 33 the poet Aithirne came to Ard Brestine, where a gold brooch, buried by a defeated Ultonian chief, was discovered embedded in a clod of earth thrown up by a horse and given to the poet as tribute.

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   of their valuables. Now while they were in this dilemma, there happened to be a young man, mounted on a fleet steed, careering for his amusement, in presence of the assembly: — and so close sometimes to where the King sat that, on one occasion, while wheeling around at full speed, a large clod of earth flew from one of the hind-legs of his steed, and fell into the King’s lap. The King immediately perceived a large and beautiful gold brooch imbedded in the clod, and turning joyfully to the poet, who sat next him, he said: — “What have I got in my lap?” “You have got a brooch,” said Aithirne, “and that brooch is the present that will satisfy me, because it was it that fastened the cloak of Maine Mac Durthacht, my mother’s brother, who buried it in the ground here at the time that he and the Ultonians were defeated by you in the battle of Ard Brestine.” The brooch was then given to Aithirne, after which he took his departure from South Leinster, and came to Naas, where Mesgedhra, the supreme king of all the province of Leinster, then resided. (O' Curry’s Lectures , Led. xii., p. 268.)

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 372

8. Ancient crosses and burial of Paul Cullen at Nurney

   Nurney · townland · Carlow · 1798

   Nurney, meaning 'the Oratory', has been a religious site since earliest Christianity, now occupied by a Protestant church, with three ancient crosses formerly standing there, one similar to that at Old Leighlin. Paul Cullen, uncle to the late Cardinal, who was shot on suspicion of patriotism in 1798, is buried here.

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   This place, the name of which is derived from An Urnaidhe, “ the Oratory,” has been set apart for religious purposes from the earliest period of Christianity. A Protestant Church now occupies this once consecrated site. Three ancient crosses formerly stood here; of these one remains entire, outside the enclosure of the burial-ground ; it is precisely similar to the one at Old Leighliu which is judged to be coeval with St. Laserian. Within the graveyard are the remnants of another cross. Here is buried Paul Cullen, uncle to the late Cardinal, who was shot on the suspicion of patriotism in 1798. Nurney appears to be the “ Mag-Arnaide in Ui-Cennselaig,” with which St. Abban, also of Kilabban, — one of our earliest Irish Saints, — was connected ; his feast was celebrated on the 27th of October.

   In Bally tarsna townland are the ruins of an old castle ; and also an old burial-ground, called Kildoon, now practically disused.

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 94

9. Battle near Timahoe between Monck and Preston, 1642

   Timahoe · townland · Laois · 1642

   In 1642 a battle took place near Timahoe between forces under Colonel Monck, returning from the relief of Ballinakill, and forces under General Preston who tried to intercept his retreat. Preston's forces were repulsed with considerable loss.

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   In 1642 a battle took place here between a party of forces under Colonel Monck, on his return from the relief of Ballinakill, and a party under General Preston, who had advanced to intercept his retreat, in which the latter was repulsed with considerable loss. — ( Gouglis Camden) About a mile from Timahoe, on the road to Ballinakill, there is an old Rath or Fort.

   The ancient parochial district in which Timahoe is situate, is Fossey, the ruins of the church of which still exist at a short distance to the south-east of the village. It measured 34 feet by 18 ; the doorway stood in the west end. There was a window in the east gable, and two others facing each other in the north and south 'walls, towards the west ; also two small square stonecased apertures, 1 foot 6 inches by 1 foot each, still more to the west, also opposite to each other in the side walls. A fine Gothic Church was erected at Timahoe, in 1832, by the late Cornelius Dowling, P.P., who lies interred within its walls. He also built the equally fine Church at Yicarstown in 1836. The following inscription appears upon his tomb : —

   Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 351

10. Chalice ransom for the Earl of March's body after death at Kellistown, 1397

    Myshall · town · Carlow · 1397

    The ancient church at Myshall is believed to be the one to which a chalice was presented in 1397 by the mother of Roger Mortimer, Earl of March, in an attempt to have his body conveyed to England after he fell in battle at Kellistown that year.

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    The name Myshall is derived from Magh-iseal, which signifies “ the low plain,” and is applicable, inasmuch as the village and parish lie at the foot of Mount Leinster, which rises over them to a height of 2,610 feet. An ancient church in ruins stands in the village, surrounded by a grave-yard. The west gable and part of a side wall remain ; the door, which is in the former, shews that the building is one of considerable antiquity ; it is of sandstone, with a circular top, and is about three feet in width. This, no doubt, is the church to which, in 1397, a chalice was presented by the mother of Roger Mortimer, Earl of March, and heir to the crown of England, “ to have him alive or dead to convey into England.” — ( Doivling .) He fell, as has been already stated, at Kellistown in that year. There is a Holy Well at the distance of about 20 yards to the east of the ruin, at which a Patron used to be held on the 14th of September, the Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, the Titular feast of the place. The following are amongst the monumental inscriptions here : — “ I.H.S. Here lieth the body of the Rev. Edward Eustace of Myshall, Capuchin, who departed January, 1783, aged 66 years. Requiescat in pace.”

    “ Here lieth the body of Rowland Eustace, who departed this life, September the 11th, 1799, aged 54 years. May the Lord have mercy on his soul. Amen.”

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 301

11. Kavanaghs command the Barrow passage at Leighlin Bridge

    Leighlinbridge · town · Carlow

    From their position on the hills near the Barrow, the Kavanaghs (MacMurroughs) controlled the crossing at Leighlin Bridge, which for centuries marked the boundary of the English Pale.

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    From their position on the hills that approach the Barrow at Leighlin Bridge, the Kavanaghs or MacMurroughs commanded the passage of that place. The Barrow was, for a long time, the limit of the Pale. Hence the saying : “ They dwelt by west of the (English) law, that dwelt beyond the Barrow.” From the days of Edward III. until the end of the reign of Henry VIII., the MacMorrough, for the time being, had to be paid a yearly stipend of 80 marks from the King’s Exchequer, being, in fact, so much black mail paid to him for liberty to pass. When the payment was not made, as sometimes happened for want of funds, he proceeded to enforce it by attacking the English settlers. In the 51st year of Edward III. there is an entry on the roll, resolving that the Earl of Ormonde, Justiciary of Ireland, on account of the damages done in the Counties of Wexford, Kilkenny, Carlow, and Kildare, by Arthur Kavanagh,

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    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 12

12. Lord Dunboyne's exile in seclusion at Ballythomas

    Ballythomas · townland · Laois

    Lord Dunboyne, Bishop of Cork, is said to have lived in seclusion at an old 17th-century mansion in Ballythomas following his apostasy, with old natives recalling his woe-begone appearance and stealthy walks to recite the Divine office.

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    disused grave-yard. It measures, interiorly, 40 feet by 18. It possesses no architectural features worthy of note. On the townland of Bally thomas are two large Baths ; there is also an old mansion of the 17th century; it has been remodelled in recent times, in which process, one of its storeys with its castellations have disappeared. It is stated that Lord Dunboyne, Bishop of Cork, lived here, in seclusion, subsequent to his apostacy. The old natives tell of his woe-begone appearance, and of his stealthy walks down by the hedge-rows, to recite the Divine office. A portion of this townland bears the name of Killpatrick, which name appears in Inquisitions of the 16th century. The foundations of the old castle of Kilmartyr, formerly a dependency of Dunamase,are still observableon the townland of that name. At Loughshinahawn, according to local tradition, a village formerly stood, the site of which is still called Old Town. The Lough, indicated in the name of this locality, has been drained in recent times ; beside it stood, in the middle of the last century, the rude thatched chapel or Mass-house of the district. A stone holy- water stoup, used in this chapel, was to be seen there quite recently.

    Killeny.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 267

13. Old thatched chapel of Raheen and the Mass Pit

    Raheen · townland · Laois · 1729

    The Baldwin family granted the site for the old thatched chapel of Raheen in 1729 after Mr Baldwin's horse startled at the sight of Catholics assembled at Mass in a nearby pit, ever since known as the Mass Pit.

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    The date of the erection of the old thatched chapel of Raheen was 1729 ; the site was granted by a Protestant family named Baldwin, who then owned the property. It is stated that the circumstance which led to this favour was, that Mr. Baldwin was near meeting with an accident in consequence of his horse starting with him when on his return from church, at the sight of the poor Catholics assembled at Mass in a deep pit, near this place, which is called The Mass Pit even to the present time. “ The poorer sort of Irish natives,” writes an English tourist, in 1746, “are Roman Catholics, who make no scruple to assemble in the open fields. As we passed yesterday in a by-road, we saw a priest under a tree, with a large assembly about him, celebrating Mass in his proper habit; and though at a great distance from him, we heard him distinctly. These sort of people seem to be very solemn and sincere in their religion.” — Chetwood’s Tour through Ireland , p. 163. This very humble chapel continued in use up to some 28 years ago, when the present fine church was built, but on a more elevated position ; the grave-yard in the village marks the site of the old structure.

    Shanakill.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 318

14. Severe ascetic discipline of St Fintan at Clonenagh

    Clonenagh · townland · Laois

    The discipline at Clonenagh under St Fintan was so rigorous—with severe fasting and abstinence—that St Canice of Aghaboe and other holy men remonstrated with him, leading Fintan to relax the rule for his community while himself continuing the harsh regimen.

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    St. Fin tan received his early education from a holy priest by whom he was baptized. Whilst yet a boy, he was visited by St. Columbkille, who, on that occasion, foretold St. Fintan’s future distinguished career. When he arrived at man’s estate, he entered the Monastery of Tir-da-glass (now Terryglass, Co. Tipperary), where St. Columba, son of Crimthain then presided over a famous school. Having passed a novitiate here, he and two, some say three, companions, being anxious to find a retired place where they might devote themselves to the service of God, consulted St. Columba, and, accompanied by him, they came to Cionenagh. Here, it is said, St. Fintan and his companions passed a year, but, finding their solitude greatly broken in upon, they determined to abandon the place, and directed their course to the Slieve Bloom mountains, again accompanied by St. Columba ; this saint, looking back upon Cionenagh, saw a multitude of angels hovering over it. His disciples seeing him sorrowful, asked the cause; the saint replied: Because I see the place we have left filled with the angels of God, and these angels unceasingly minister between it and heaven. One of us, he added, should return and abide there for the future. Whereupon Fintan said: Whomsoever, O Father, you direct to return, he will instantly obey. Columba replied : Go you in peace to that spot, O holy youth, and the Lord be with you. It has been divinely revealed that for you it shall be the place of your resurrection. St. Fintan accordingly retraced his steps to Cionenagh and established himself there ; this was about the year 548. Great numbers flocked to this place to serve God under the guidance of our saint, amongst whom was St. Corngall, afterwards the founder of the famous Monastery of Bangor, who passed some years under his direction. — ( Ussher). The discipline observed at Cionenagh was very rigorous ; the fasting and abstinence were so severe that St. Canice of Aghaboe and other holy men remonstrated with St. Fintan on the subject. Yielding to their representations, he relaxed the rigour of his rule in favour of his community, but, himself, adhered to his former mode of life. An incident related in his Life respecting an application of a holy bishop Brandubh, to be permitted to join his community — which has been already

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 276

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Clonenagh, St. Fintan established a monastery around the year 548. Fintan received his early education from a holy priest who baptized him. While still a boy, St. Columbkille visited him and foretold his future distinguished career. When he came of age, Fintan entered the monastery of Tir-da-glass, now Terryglass in County Tipperary, where St. Columba, son of Crimthain, presided over a famous school. After his novitiate, Fintan and two, some say three, companions sought a retired place to devote themselves to God. They consulted St. Columba, who accompanied them to Clonenagh. They passed a year there, but finding their solitude broken in upon, they decided to leave and headed for the Slieve Bloom mountains, again with Columba. Looking back upon Clonenagh, Columba saw a multitude of angels hovering over it. His disciples asked why he was sorrowful. He replied, "Because I see the place we have left filled with the angels of God, and these angels unceasingly minister between it and heaven." He added that one of them should return and abide there. Fintan said, "Whomsoever, O Father, you direct to return, he will instantly obey." Columba replied, "Go you in peace to that spot, O holy youth, and the Lord be with you. It has been divinely revealed that for you it shall be the place of your resurrection." Fintan retraced his steps to Clonenagh and established himself there. Great numbers flocked to serve God under his guidance, including St. Corngall, afterwards founder of the famous monastery of Bangor, who passed some years under his direction. The discipline at Clonenagh was very rigorous. The fasting and abstinence were so severe that St. Canice of Aghaboe and other holy men remonstrated with Fintan. Yielding to their representations, he relaxed the rigour of his rule in favour of his community, but himself adhered to his former mode of life.

15. Sisters leave Carlow for New Zealand mission

    Carlow · townland · Carlow · 1849

    In 1849, eight Sisters with Mother Superior M. Cecilia Maher left Carlow for New Zealand at the request of Bishop Pompallier, founding a convent at Auckland and later branch houses across the region.

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    In 1849, in response to an application from Dr. Pompallier, first Bishop of New Zealand, eight Sisters, with their Mother Superior, M. Cecilia Maher, left Carlow for that distant land. On arriving at Auckland, a small wooden building adjoining the Cathedral, was fitted up for them. The new Convent was dedicated to St. Patrick. On the 9th of March, 1852, a re-inforcement of two novices and three postulants arrived from Carlow, accompanied by Eev. J. McDonald. In 1857 additional help reached them, consisting of two professed Sisters, a novice, and three postulants. In 1861, a foundation was sent to the Diocese of Wellington, at the request of the Bishop, Dr. Viard. In same year a Branch House was opened at Parnell, a village at the extreme end of Auckland. On 8th December, 1861, Dr. Pompallier blessed the foundation of St. Mary’s, the present parent house in Auckland. It is beautifully situated, and has accommodation for 60 nuns, handsome church, boarding and day schools, orphanage, &c. In 1863 a Branch Convent was established at Onehunga, about six miles from Auckland, through the exertions of Very Eev. Father Paul, the devoted pastor. In 1864 a third reinforcement of one professed Sister, and six postulants, arrived from Carlow. In 1866 a Branch Convent was opened at Otahuhu ; and in 1873 another was opened at The Thames, about 45 miles south of Auckland, on the east coast. In 1882 five Sisters left the present house, Ponsonby, for a new Branch, situated at Coromandel, a mining district, about 50 miles east of Auckland.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 394

16. Ancient monastery and vision at St Fintan's death at Agha

    Agha · townland · Carlow · 587–590

    A vision of seven persons in white garments appeared to summon a holy bishop's soul, foretelling the coming of St Fintan, at the monastery of Achaidh. The monastery is recorded as flourishing three years before St Fintan's death, supposed to have occurred in 590.

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    hut in which the bishop dwelt, and seven persons, arrayed in white garments, and encircled with a heavenly light, came to that opening, and one of them cried out : 4 Come hence, holy bishop, delay no longer, for we have been sent to meet your soul ; and behold your Father, Fintan, of wondrous sanctity, comes also for you/ Now, it was in a little cell separated from the above place that the bishop and his attendant were ; and the attendant, awakening, took a burning light and approached the spot where the bishop reposed, but found that his spirit was already flown. All this the attendant narrated to the brethren, who then interred the holy remains, and glorified God in both his Saints.” — {AA. SS. p. 352.) From this passage we learn that Achaidh was a flourishing monastery three years prior to the death of St. Fintan, which is supposed to have taken place in the year 590. This is probably the Esp. Branduibh whose name appears in the Mart, of Tallaght, at the 3rd of June. — {Note to Monast. Rib. new Edn.)

    St. Aid was Abbot here, but in what year is uncertain ; his festival is held on the 11th of April. — (Archdall, Monast, Hib.) The 11th of April is. the Festival of St. Maedoc, first Abbot of Clonmore, some time between 568 and 598. The Mart, of Donegal at that day has the entry : “ Maedhog, of Cluain-Mor- Maidhog, in Leinster. Aedh was his name?’ From the identity of name and feast-day, it may be inferred with great probability that St. Maedoc of Clonmore either founded, or, at least, presided over the monastery of Agha also.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 93

17. Anthracite coal mining employing 700 men near Doonane in 1836

    Doonane · townland · Laois · 1836

    The anthracite coal formation near Doonane, extending from Timahoe to the Barrow, was worked by 64 pits in full operation during the summer of 1836, employing five steam engines for unwatering and providing employment to 700 men.

    Read the passage

    portion included in the Queen’s County extends about 3 miles by 2. . . . In the summer of 1836, 64 pits were at full

    work, for unwatering which five steam-engines were employed, but the coal is mostly raised by horses. The works furnished employment to 700 men, and the value of the coal raised is

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 186

18. Baptism of King Crimthann at Rathvilly

    Rathvilly · town · Carlow · 469–483

    King Crimthann, who had his royal residence at Rathvilly, was baptised there by St. Patrick after his conversion. At the saint's solicitation he made a land grant to St. Fiacc and chose Sletty as his own place of burial.

    Read the passage

    be buried, and should arise from on the day of general resurrection) was to be on the west of the river Barrow. Fiacc objected to go until he had the approval of St. Patrick, and until that saint had actually marked out the site of his future monastery and church for him. St. Patrick obtained from Kino- Crimthann the site, and also an extensive district adjoining as an endowment. “Through the action of Patrick the kinogranted him (Fiacc) land, the fifth part of his father’s pos° session, and thereon it was that he built Sleibhte.” — ( Egerton Trip.) This took place probably between the years 469 and 480. The territory about Sletty had originally belonged to the family of St. Fiacc, but King Crimthann had forcibly taken possession of it, and driven all the family into exile. After the conversion of Crimthann by St. Patrick, and his baptism by that saint at Rathvilly, where he had his royal residence, at the solicitation of St. Patrick, he made the gift referred to in favour of St. Fiacc, and he also selected Sletty as the place of his future interment. “ After this went Patrick to Fiacc, and measured his place for him, and consecrated it, and marked out his Forrach there ; and Crimthann granted the place to Patrick, for it was Patrick that gave Baptism to Crimthann, and it is in Sleibhte that Crimthann was buried.” — (, Stokes' Goidilica, p. 104). Crimthann was slain by his grandson, Aengus, in revenge for the injuries he had inflicted on his family. This took place in the year 483 ( Annals of Ulster). The records of the life of St. Fiacc inform us that he was remarkable for his penitential austerities. “ This Bishop Fiacc, with great patience, subdued his fleshly appetites and concupiscence, and finished a most holy course of life in his city of Sleibhti, near the river Barrow, in the White Field” {Ware's Irish Writers, p. 6.) And in the “ Vita Tripart,” written by St. Evin, it is stated that Fiacc went on Shrove Saturday to a cave on the hill of Dromm-Coblai, bringing with him five barley loaves, mingled with ashes. At the end of Lent he returned to Sletty to celebrate with his brethren the joyous festival of Easter. There are strong reasons for concluding that the cave to which St. Fiacc used to retire for the penitential observance of Lent was that at Clopoke, which is distant about seven miles north-west of Sletty. There lingers still in the locality a tradition that in ages past a saint used to retire to this cave to pray and fast, after which he returned to his distant church by a subterranean passage leading south, which is supposed to be still in existence. St. Fiacc being disabled from sickness, St. Patrick sent him from Armagh a chariot and horses at the suggestion of Lechnall {Vita Trip.) “The cause of giving this chariot to Fiacc was

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 240

19. Brandon Hill's cairn, stone circles and hermitage

    near Brandon Hill · mountain or mountain range · Kilkenny · 1798

    Brandon Hill, named for St Brendan, is crowned by a large cairn with a stone circle on the northern side and a smaller circle plus mound called St. Brendan's Hermitage on the southern slope. Many inhabitants of Graig watched the Battle of Ross in 1798 from this hill.

    Read the passage

    Over the town of Graig towers the lofty hill called in Irish Cnoc-Breamaill, and in English, Brandon-hill. This, according to Dr. O’Donovan, received its name from St Brendan, celebrated in Irish Hagiology for his seven years voyaging on the Western Ocean. The summit of the hill is crowned by a large cairn ; on the northern side is a circle of standing stones, about 15 yards in diameter, and on the southern slope is a smaller circle and a mound of earth called St. Brendan’s Hermitage. — Log . Patr., 271. From Brandon Hill many of the inhabitants of Graig witnessed the battle of Ross in 1798.

    “ As one goes from Thomastown to Graig,” continues Dr. O’Donovan ( Ordnance Survey Letters ) “ when he arrives at the high grounds over Graig, he enjoys a most agreeable view of the vale of the Barrow, backed by the romantic range of the Carlow Mountains, i.e. Mount Leinster to the north, the Black Stairs in the middle, and Brandon-hill, in the County Kilkenny to the south, which towers so much over the town of Graig that the natives think it much higher than Mount Leinster. There is an Irish saying : “ The Peak of Leinster and the Peak of Leighlin, would be the height in the isle of Erin if Brandon’s cap were on the Peak of Leighlin which is as much as to say that if the cone of Brandon-hill were put on the pinnacle of Leighlin, then the pinnacle of Mount Leinster and that of Leighlin would be the two highest in Ireland.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 209

20. Burdett confronts priest Bowen saying Mass on the highway to Carlow

    Garryhill · townland · Carlow · 1713

    Major Thomas Burdett, travelling to Carlow to be sworn Sovereign, encountered Fr. Bowen celebrating Mass in the open with a large congregation on the highway from his house at Garryhill to Carlow on Michaelmas Day 1713. Burdett reported the incident to the Lord Lieutenant as evidence of defiance of the law.

    Read the passage

    “ May it please your Excellency — I have lately met with soe particular behaviour in one Bowen, Registered Priest of the Parish of Carlow, that I think it incumbent on me to lay before your Excellency that I may receive your directions at a time that the rigor of the law in this case seems to be in some measure dormant. On Michaelmas day last, being obliged to goe to Carlow to be sworn Sovereigne of that Corporation, being elected at mid-summer day before, which the priest could be no stranger too, nor to the Highway from my house to Carlow,* in which I found him with a large congregation of people, all upon their knees, except ye priest, who was in his surpliss with a crosse mounted on a stick or something like it in his hand, passing throw the body of ye people, celebrating Mass as must

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 49

21. Carlow Castle's near-destruction by Dr Middleton, 1814

    Carlow · townland · Carlow · 1814

    In 1814 Carlow Castle came into the possession of Dr Middleton, who tried to convert it into a lunatic asylum; his alterations undermined the foundations, causing most of the stronghold to collapse, leaving only one side with two towers standing.

    Read the passage

    wooded on each, side of the river for some miles.” The view by Grose shows the steeple of a Church in near proximity to the castle. In the year 1814 it came into the possession of a Doctor Middleton who conceived the idea of converting it into an asylum for lunatics. In carrying out his alterations he interfered with the foundations, in consequence of which the greater part of this stronghold, which had stood so many assaults and sieges was thrown to the ground, only one side with two towers now remaining. Fortunately this event took place on Sunday when the inhabitants were engaged at their devotions, otherwise many lives would probably have been lost. According to measurements given by Ryan, the height of the walls is about 65 feet, the extreme length of the side from tower to tower, 105 feet ; as the building was a square, this will give an idea of its former dimensions.

    It appears most probable, if indeed not quite certain, that the present Protestant Parish Church stands on the site formerly occupied by the Catholic Church.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come

22. Colonel Wall's troops kill friars' geese at Stradbally

    Stradbally · town · Laois

    General Preston sent Colonel Wall with 1,500 foot soldiers and horse troops to Stradbally, where they killed all the friars' geese, numbering 24 to 30, and used violence against the friars, seizing their house.

    Read the passage

    A similar scene of violence towards this community is recorded by the same writer (/., p. 253.) General Preston is there described as sending Colonel Wall thither from Ballinakill with 1,500 foot soldiers, and 5 or 6 troops of horse, having “ been informed that these poor friars there inhabiting, did obey the Lord Nuncio and clergy congregation’s excommunications, thought himself not so secure until assured of that monastery by the exile or reducement of the said friars ; the troops of that party having arrived in a hostile manner at Stradbally, ran upon the said friars’ geese, being all their cattle, and killed them all

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 343

23. Destruction of Clonenagh monastery by the Danes

    Clonenagh · townland · Laois

    Five hundred years after its founding, the monastery of Cluain-Ednech (Clonenagh) was destroyed by invading Danes with fire and sword; its church, dedicated to St Fintan, was later converted into a parish church of the diocese of Leighlin.

    Read the passage

    Sancto Canico, propinqui Monasterii Aghavensis Abbati insigni, singularis Amicitia Foedere junctus fuit, eumque adhuc viventem beatissimus Columba Junior, in Hyensi Scotia Insula tunc Abbas, cui viridi ab HSvo ob praclaras Yirtutes charus, acceptusque fuerat, Sanctum appelavit, ac summo Praconio laudavit. Divo enim Columbano, Adolescentiam sub ipso ibidem agenti, adque natale suum Hibernia solum reversuro, in Mandatis dedit Columba, ut ad Sanctum Fintanum, ceil Yirum plane Apostolici Pectoris, omnigena Yirtutis Supellectili ornatum, Prasulemque omnibus Numeris absolutissimum, se conferret, quern subind& pro Magistro habuit Columbanus, donee ab ipsomet Sancto Fintano ad Beatum Congallum, Benchorensis seu Bangorensis, in Ultonia, Monasterii celeberrimi Fundatorem, primumque Abbatem, suum etiam olim Discipulum, missus fuerit. Tandem Christi Famulus nonagenarius, et ultrh, Miraculorum Patrator mirificus, Spiritu prophetico, Pietate erga Deumf Charitate erga Proximum, Rigore in Seipsum, Mansuetudine in alios, mirabilis, praenunciato Obitfts sui Die, inter Amplexus, et Lacrymas, Monachorum Coenobii sui de Cluain-Ednech (quod quingentos post Annos ab irrumpentibus, et Ferro, ac Flamma devastantibus Danis, Barbarie, plusqu&m Scythica, dirutum fuit, Ecclesia autem sub Invocatione Beati Fintani in Parochialem Diaecesis Leghliensis mutata, singulari ejus Patrocinio laetatur) feliciter, beat&que obdormivit in Domino, decimo tertio Kalendas Martii, Anno iErae Christianae tertio suprk sexcentesimum, Pontificates Sancti Gregorii Magni decimo tertio.

    From De Bur go's Proper Offices of Irish Saints, 'published at Dublin r

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 387

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Clonenagh stood the monastery the old records call Cluain-Ednech. Five hundred years after its founding, the Danes broke in and devastated it with iron and flame, a barbarity the old writer calls worse than Scythian. Its church, dedicated to St Fintan, was later made a parish church of the diocese of Leighlin. The monastery was the work of St Fintan, a man of apostolic heart, adorned with every virtue. He lived to be more than ninety, a worker of miracles, marked by a prophetic spirit, by piety toward God, charity toward his neighbours, severity toward himself, and gentleness toward others. He foretold the day of his own death and died among the embraces and tears of his monks, on the thirteenth of the Kalends of March, in the year 603, in the thirteenth year of St Gregory the Great's pontificate. As a young man, Columbanus came to Fintan and had him as his master, until Fintan sent him on to Blessed Congall, founder and first abbot of the monastery of Bangor in Ulster. The source says the church still rejoices under Fintan's patronage.

24. Eleanor Hartpole resides in Castle of Timahoe

    Timahoe · townland · Laois · 1596–1635

    Eleanor Hartpole of Shrule, who married firstly Francis Cosby (killed at the battle of Stradbally bridge in 1596) and secondly Thomas Loftus, son of the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin, resided in the Castle of Timahoe.

    Read the passage

    him Leix, a wilde savage country, with township of Timaboe.” Eleanor Hartpole, of Shrule, who married, firstly, Francis Cosby, killed at the battle of Stradbally bridge in 1596, and secondly, Thomas Loftus, son of the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin, resided in the Castle of Timahoe. — ( Inquis . Lagen., 36, Car. /.) In the Carew Calendar, Loftus of Timahoe is named.*

    In 1642 a battle took place here between a party of forces under Colonel Monck, on his return from the relief of Ballinakill, and a party under General Preston, who had advanced to intercept his retreat, in which the latter was repulsed with considerable loss. — ( Gouglis Camden) About a mile from Timahoe, on the road to Ballinakill, there is an old Rath or Fort.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 351

25. Father David Byrne buried at Kilranelagh, 1746

    Kilranelagh · townland · Wicklow · 1746

    Father David Byrne, Parish Priest of Rathvilly for a long period, died in 1746 aged 96, and is interred at Kilranelagh; he was persecuted by a bigot named Sauls but sheltered by a Protestant family named Wilson.

    Read the passage

    ancestor of the family of O’Lonain, having discovered who Cumisceagh was, slew him at the Green of Kilranelagh, and cutting off his head, brought it to King Brandubh, who, for this signal service, granted perpetual freedom, or exemption from custom or tribute, to the Church of Kilranelagh. Dr. O’Conor translates Cill-Rannairech “ ecclesia ad manifestandum supra omnes,” but this is absurd; it signifies the cell or Church of Rainnaire, a man’s name. — (O’Donovan ; note to Four Masters.) St. Brigid was the Patron of this Church. A very remarkable group of stones here, formed into a seat, is called St. Brigid’s Chair ; an ancient head-stone, having a cross engraved on it, forms the back of the seat. St. Brigid’s well is also to be seen within the grave-yard, and a stone, called St. Brigid’s stone, near her chair, is resorted to for the cure of head-ache. Kilranelagh is 1292 feet above the level of the sea. The site of the old church can scarcely be recognised. Father Shearman states, without quoting an authority for it, that Aedh Mac Ainmire, King of Ireland, who was killed at the battle of Dunboig in 598, was buried at Kilranelagh. Father David Byrne, P.P. of Rathvilly for a very lengthened period, died in 1746, aged 96, and is interred at Kilranelagh. The grave of a priest, most probably the one here referred to, is pointed out ; it is marked by a granite head-stone, on which the monogram I.H.S. at the top can be traced, but nothing further. This priest resided at Portrishin, a place in which, according to local tradition, Mass used to be said in penal times. It is stated that when Father Byrne was persecuted by a bitter bigot named Sauls, who then occupied a prominent position in the neighbourhood of Hacketstown, he received shelter and protection from a Protestant family named Wilson.

    In 1785, Mr. Green of Greenville, Kilranelagh, Co. Wicklow, opened a piece of ground near his house. At six feet deep, he found a Cist , with an urn containing calcined bones ; capacity, 16 quarts; it was wrought with zig-zag ornaments. For sketch and details, see Transactions R.I. A. Yol. L, a.d. 1787.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 328

26. Geraldine rebels plunder Rathvilly, 1546

    Rathvilly · town · Carlow · 1546

    The Four Masters record that in 1546 disaffected Geraldines including William son of James and Maurice-an-fheadha rose against the Saxons and plundered Rath-bile (Rathvilly) and the surrounding country.

    Read the passage

    The Four Masters , under date 1546, record that “many disaffected persons of the Geraldines rose up against the Saxons in revenge for their expulsion from their patrimony, namely, William, the son of James, the son of the Earl of Kildare ; Maurice-an-fheadha (Maurice of the Wood) son of James Meirgeach, son of the Earl ; and many other youths besides these. They did indescribable damages, amongst which were the plundering of . . Rath-bile, and of all the country around.”

    In the reign of James I., this castle and its possessions passed into the Ormond family. In 1620 it was agreed by Indenture that Lady Elizabeth, sole daughter of the Earl of Ormond, and now wife of the Earl of Desmond, shall have, among other places, the castle, lands, and manor of Kathvilly. An Inquisition dated Carlow, the 18 of January, 1636, finds that the Earl of Ormond and Ossory, the Lady Elizabeth, his wife, and Thomas Comerford, were seized of one castle, 100 messuages, &c., in Rathville, Waterstowne, Bafellestowne, Rathdonill, Rathell, Rickardstowne, Knockeva, Mabellstowne, and Phillippstowne, and of the privilege of a court leet and court baron within the manor of Rathville. Being thus seized, at Easter term, 10th of the present King Charles, they alienated the foregoing to David Booth, Patrick Weymes, Gerald Fennell, M.D., and Edward Comerford, and their heirs, for certain uses, &c. Held of the king in capite by military service. In 1650 the Castle of Kathvilly was taken and dismantled by the Parliamentarians under Colonel Hewson. The Cromwellian troops were, it is stated, held at bay for a time at a point on the River Slaney, since known as Cromwell’s ford ; they, however, eventually succeeded in crossing it, and taking the castle. The castle continued in a habitable condition up to about 150 years ago ; local tradition names Nol Murray as the last who resided there. It can be hardly doubted that the present Protestant Church occupies the site of the Catholic Church of olden times ; this is evidenced by the Catholics clinging to the place for purposes of interment even to the present day.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 326

27. Henry Crump of Baltinglass disputes at Oxford

    Baltinglass · town · Wicklow · 1382

    Henry Crump, a Cistercian of Baltinglass and D.D. of Oxford, publicly maintained controversial theological positions against the Mendicant Friars in 1382, was charged with heresy, and forced to abjure his positions before the Archbishop of Canterbury.

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    a.d. 1382. Henry Crump, a Cistercian of Baltinglass, and D.D. of Oxford, publicly maintained at Oxford — That the Friars of the Four Orders of Mendicants were not of Divine Institution, but contrary to the General Lateran Council, held under Innocent III. ; and that Pope Honorius was persuaded by the Friars, through pretended and false dreams, to grant them a confirmation. He was forced to abjure these positions, in a convent of Carmelites at Stamford, in presence of William Courtney, Archbishop of Canterbury. He was charged also with Heresy, by William Andrew, a Dominican, previously Bishop of Achonry, then of Meath, for teaching that Christ’s Body, in the Sacrament of the Altar, was only a looking-glass to

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 135

    As the companion tells it

    Baltinglass here in Wicklow was home to Henry Crump, a Cistercian who became a Doctor of Divinity at Oxford. In 1382, he publicly argued that the four orders of Mendicant Friars were not of divine institution but contrary to the General Lateran Council under Innocent III, and that Pope Honorius was persuaded by the friars through "pretended and false dreams" to grant them confirmation. He was charged with heresy by William Andrew, a Dominican, previously Bishop of Achonry and then of Meath, for teaching that Christ's Body in the Sacrament was only a looking-glass. Crump was forced to abjure his positions at a Carmelite convent in Stamford, before William Courtney, Archbishop of Canterbury.

28. Maurice FitzGerald seizes officials and imprisons them at Dunamase

    Park or Dunamase · townland · Laois · 1264

    In 1264 Maurice FitzGerald seized Richard de Rupella, Lord Justice of Ireland, along with John Cogan and Theobald Butler, in the church of Castledermot, and confined them in the castles of Dunamase and Ley.

    Read the passage

    In 1264 Maurice FitzGerald seized the persons of Richard de Rupella, Lord Justice of Ireland, John Cogan, and Theobald Butler, in the church of Castledermot, and confined them in the castles of Dunamase and Ley, then in possession of the Geraldines. In 1325 Dunamase was taken by Lysagh O’More ; in 1329 it was again wrested from him.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 271

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Park or Dunamase, Dunamase was a Geraldine stronghold where, in 1264, Maurice FitzGerald imprisoned three men he had seized in the church of Castledermot: Richard de Rupella, Lord Justice of Ireland, John Cogan, and Theobald Butler. Later, in 1325, Lysagh O'More took Dunamase, and in 1329 it was wrested from him again.

29. Owen Roe O'Neill seizes Maryborough in 1646

    Maryborough · townland · Laois · 1641–1646

    On the outbreak of war in 1641, Maryborough was held by the Confederate Catholics; it was seized by Owen Roe O'Neill in 1646, with the garrison surrendering to him after negotiations and the arrival of his cannon and troops.

    Read the passage

    “In 1635, the Corporation of Maryborough obtained from Charles 1st a grant of two fairs. On the breaking out of the war in 1641, this was one of the places held by the Confederate Catholics; it was seized by Owen Roe O’Neill in 1646 ; in the Journal of the Irish Rebellion it is said that the General (Owen Roe O’Neill) gave up the castle, the town (Kilkenny), and the hostages into the hands of the Nuncio. Everything being arranged, they received his blessing, and all the troops marched

    on Monday, Sept. 28th They went to Port-Leix. Before

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 255

30. Protestant Bishop's 1731 report on clergy gathering at Kiltennell

    Ballinvally and Kiltennell · townland · Carlow · 1731

    A 1731 Return by the Protestant Bishop claimed that archbishops, bishops, and other Catholic clergy assembled daily for over a month near the Church of Kiltennell under the pretence of drinking spa water, exercising ecclesiastical jurisdiction, but this appears to have been an exaggerated account of the Patron day celebration.

    Read the passage

    This name is a corruption of Gill- Senchill, the Church of St. Senchill. Two Saints of this name flourished in the 6th century at Killeigh, King’s County, one styled Sinchell, senior, an Abbot, the other Senchill junior, a Bishop. The Patron used to be celebrated at Killtennill on the 15 th of June ; that day being the feast day of Bishop Sennill, proves that he was the titular saint of the place. In a Return, made by the Protestant Bishop in 1731, {See Vol. 1. p. 268,) it is stated that “ several archbishops, bishops, and other Popish clergy assembled daily last summer for above a month together, at or near ye Church of Kiltennell, under pretence of drinking spaw water, where they convened several persons before them, and exercised ecclesiastical jurisdiction.” This appears to have been a very exaggerated report of what really was the celebration of the Patron day, and perhaps its octave. An intelligent inhabitant of the locality, now some years dead, remembers his grand-mother stating that she often prepared breakfast for as many as 28 priests, on the Patron day. The ruins of the old parochial church measure some 50 feet long by 20 wide, and included a nave and aisle. It contains a slab with the following inscription : “ Underneath lieth the body of Mr. Edmond Byrne, junr., who departed this life Dec. 3rd, 1768, aged 33 years. Also the body of Mr. Edmond Byrne of Spawhill, his father, who departed this life June 16th, 1770, aged 72 years. Requiescant in Pace.”

    At the east end, an addition was erected at the commencement of the last century, and was 28 feet long by 15 in width ; this also is in ruins. A slab is let into the wall, having armorial bearings carved on it, with the motto In Domino confido, and underneath, the inscription : “ Captain Edmund Byrne erected this chapel, and Doctor Edmund Byrne, Archbishop of Dublin, consecrated the same, 1709.”

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 155

31. Seven-foot skeleton discovered in old Abbeyleix burial ground

    Abbeyleix · town · Laois

    A large ancient burial ground existed near the O'More tombs at Abbeyleix, evidenced by quantities of human bones found there; a few years before writing, a complete skeleton of a man was discovered measuring somewhat over seven feet in length.

    Read the passage

    An ancient Baptismal font, circular in form, and composed of granite, remains beside these tombs. That an extensive burialground existed here is evidenced by the large quantities of human bones found in it. Some few years ago a complete skeleton of a man was discovered, which proved on measurement to be somewhat over seven feet in length.

    By an inquisition taken on Wednesday, next before the Feast of St. Thomas the Apostle, and fifth year of Edward VI., the Abbot was found seized of a church and other buildings ; also of 400 acres, English measure, of arable and pasture land ; two parcels of wood, called the Two Parks, containing 12 acres; 300 acres of moor and marsh in the townland of Abbeyleix; 100 acres of arable land and 9 of wood, called Dromnaclowe ; 6 acres of moor and marsh in Clonkene ; 100 acres of arable and pasture in Paly she ; 100 acres of arable and pasture in Pavele or Pathe-

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 53

32. Sir Peter Carew made Constable of Leighlin Castle

    Leighlinbridge · town · Carlow · 1568

    Sir Peter Carew, having pursued his claim to the Barony of Idrone, was appointed Constable of the Castle of Leighlin by Queen Elizabeth and took up residence there, dividing the barony into manors and holding courts baron, keeping a large household renowned for hospitality.

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    description of Idrone sent to Sir Peter Carew, by Hooker, when encouraging him to come over and follow up his suit : — “ The soyle and countrie of that barronny is very large and great, and yn all Europa not a more pleasant, sweeter, or frutefuller lande, the same being referted with all things necessarie for man yn any respecte, sirvinge for pleasure or neede, for hunting the stagge, the hare, the fox, the wolff, for your pleasure at will, for hawkinge with all kinds of hawkes, at partridge, rayle, feasant, crene, bythern, and a number of other fowles, as miche as can be wished and desired, ffor fyshinge there is as miche as any fresh water can give. The seas are somewhat dystant from this countrie of Hydrone, but yet on the one side a goodly river called the Barro fleeteth through the whole countrie that upon it they conveighe all their comodytees and marchandyse from the seas or from Waterford, even to the house of Leighlyn, which house standeth full upon the said river.” Sir Peter got himself appointed by the Queen, Constable of the Castle of Leighlin, and took up his residence there. “At his first coming,” continues Hooker, “he resumed the whole baronie into his owne hands, and thereof he gave some peeces in freehold to such gentlemen as he thought good, and for the residue, everie of them what he had before, he tooke it againe under writing by lease. He divided the baronie into certaine manors and lordships, and in everie one he did erect a court baron, and there all matters in variance between them were ended and determined after the English maner, according to justice and truth. He would not suffer anie wrong to be doone unto them, neither would he beare with anie of them dooing wrong. Their complaints he would heare, and with indifferencie he would determine them ; he dwelled among them, and kept a verie liberall and a bountifull house, and such hospitalitie as had not beene tofore knowne among them; and for which he was marvellouslie beloved, and his fame spread throughout the land. He kept continuallie of his owne privat familie, above or neere a hundred persons in house, he had alwaies in readinesse fortie horssemen well appointed, besides footmen and commonlie one hundred kerns, and all that his countrie at commandement . . . If anie noble man or others did passe by his house, there he first staied and was intertained according to his calling, for his cellar doore was never shut, and his butterie alwaies open to all commers of anie credit.”

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 18

33. St. Onchuo collects relics of Irish saints to Clonmore

    Clonmore · townland · Carlow

    St. Onchuo travelled Ireland collecting relics of saints and brought them to Clonmore, where they were deposited in a large casket in the cemetery known as the Angelic Cemetery. St. Maedhoc's finger miraculously fell off as a relic when he could not refuse Onchuo's request.

    Read the passage

    St. Onchuo was another Saint connected with Clonmore, and a contemporary of its founder. The Bollandists at the 8th of February, which was his feast-day, say of him that he was an unparalleled poet, a native of Connaught, and that he lies buried at Clonmore, in Leinster. The Martyrology of Donegal thus refers to him : “Onchu Mac-in-Eccis (son of the poet) of the Connacius ; it was he that collected a great many of the relics of the Saints of Erinn, to Cluain-mor-Maedog. A very ancient vellum book states that Mac-in-Eccis was, in manners and life, like unto Ambrose.” St. Onchuo conceived the idea of making a journey through Ireland, visiting the various monasteries and other places hallowed by the holy lives and miracles of the Saints, and collecting relics of those servants of God. He broached the subject to St. Finan Lobhar on the occasion of a visit which he paid to the Monastery of Clonmore, but St. Finan declined accompanying him as he proposed, and fore^ told that the place where they then were should be the one where they should die and be interred. When St. Onchuo had nearly completed his pious task, in which he was eminently successful, he went, Colgan tells us, to the noble Monastery of Clonmore, over which the holy Abbot Maedhoc then presided, who was also called Aidus, and Aidanus, the son of Eugenius of the royal race of Leinster. He asked of the holy man, as he did of others likewise, some memorial of his sanctity. After this prudent and humble man refusing his request as too difficult, his finger, as if cut off, fell to the ground, which St. Onchuo, eagerly taking up, added to his treasure. When St. Maedhoc felt the pain of his lost finger, moved by Divine inspiration, he said to Onchuo : “ All the relics which you have collected will belong to this place, and your remains will also rest with them.” Nor was the oracle without effect ; for that most precious treasure of relics of the Saints of Ireland, placed in a large and magnificent casket, was afterwards deposited in the Monastery of Clonmore, in which cemetery — which was for the same, called the Angelic Cemetery — the body of St. Onchuo also, with those of St. Finan, and St. Maedhoc, was interred.” In an ancient metrical tract on Clonmore, in Irish, by St. Moling, we read : —

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 171

34. The Mass Bush at Barrowmount used in Penal times

    Barrowmount · townland · Kilkenny

    The Mass Bush in the townland of Barrowmount marks the site where the faithful gathered at risk of life and property to attend Mass during Penal times, chosen because scouts could watch the surrounding district for approaching danger.

    Read the passage

    The Mass Bush, in the townland of Barrowmount, marks a spot where, in penal times, the faithful assembled, at risk of property and of life, to assist at the Holy Sacrifice. The bush is a very venerable one, measuring three feet in circumference. The place was well chosen, as it enabled the scouts to provide against a surprise, by affording them a view of all the surrounding district.

    Succession of Pastors.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 316

35. Tradition of Cormac's death near Old Leighlin and the Black Castle ritual

    Oldleighlin · parish · Carlow

    A tradition recorded in the Ussher MSS identifies a hill called Bennree near Old Leighlin as the place where King Cormac O'Cullenan was killed; in memory of this, Munstermen passing the bridge of Leighlin cast a stone toward the Black Castle saying 'Remember Cormac.'

    Read the passage

    In the Ussher MSS. ( F . 4, 30, T.G.D) the following passage, which purports to identify the spot on which King Cormac met his death, is found : “ Near the city of (Old) Leighlin, on the opposite bank of the river, there is a certain hill called Bennree, i.e. the Hill of the King, on which it is commonly said, that Cormac O’Cullenan, King of Cashel, of the race of the MacCarthies, was killed, and his body was brought to Cashel to be interred in a special chapel. In the memory of that deed all the Munstermen, to the present day, who pass the bridge of Leighlin, cast a stone towards the Black Castle, situated at the foot of the bridge, and say, 4 Remember Cormac.’ ”

    An extensive building, known as the Castle of Ballymoon, still exists, in ruin; an engraving of it is given in Grose’ s Antiquities, Vol. 2, PL 4. The following accurate description accompanied also by an illustration, occurs in the Anthologia Iiibernica for 1793 : —

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 83

36. Armed Yeomanry attack priests' conference at Mountrath, 1793

    Mountrath · town · Laois · 1793

    In 1793 a party of armed Yeomanry attacked priests of the neighbourhood assembled in conference at Mountrath, supposing or pretending to suppose they had met for unlawful purposes.

    Read the passage

    ing materials for the chapel, armed with a stout blackthorn, to repel any hostile attempts on the part of the aggressive Orangemen. Dr. Fitzpatrick, in his Life of J.K.L., refers to an attack made in 1793 on the priests of the neighbourhood assembled in Conference at Mountrath, by a party of armed Yeomanry, the intruders supposing, or pretending to suppose, that the priests had met together for unlawful purposes. In 1808, Father Duane, administrator of the parish, a delicate timid man, bad his house attacked at night by the Orangemen ; he made his escape by scaling a wall, and took refuge under the arch of a bridge. The cold and wetting he endured there, together with the terror, brought on an illness from which he died. Curious to relate, the house then used as an Orange Lodge is now incorporated with the present convent.

    On the 18th of April, 1809, the Convent of St. Brigid, at Mountrath, was founded, three sisters proceeding thither from the mother house at Tullow (Annals of Order), Soon after, the Monastery of St. Patrick was established. Both convent and monastery have now large communities, chiefly employed in carrying on the great work of Catholic education. At present the Sisters are engaged in erecting a fine imposing building for the accommodation of their numerous resident pupils.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 285

37. Cairn of King Cucorb on the summit of Mount Leinster

    near Mount Leinster · mountain or mountain range · Carlow · 119

    The summit of Mount Leinster, anciently called Suidhi Laighen, is crowned with a sepulchral cairn supposed to be that of Cucorb, King of Leinster, who was slain at the base of the mountain by Fedhlimidh Rectmar, King of Ireland.

    Read the passage

    The ancient name of Mount Leinster was Suidhi Laighen, or the meeting-place of the men of Leinster. Its summit is crowned with a sepulchral cairn, which is supposed to be that of Cucorb, King of Leinster, who was slain at the base of the mountain, by Fedhlimidh Rectmar, King of Ireland, who was himself slain in the year A.D. 119.

    Portions of the castles of Rathnageera and Ballinree, in this parish, still remain. In the latter townland are the ruins of an old church which was named Teampvll Molyn, the Church of St. Moling. Little more than the traces of the foundation remain, which show it to have been an oblong structure. It is located in a burial-ground still, but rarely, used.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 303

38. Castle of Timahoe built for Myler Fitz-Henry

    Timahoe · townland · Laois · 1183

    A castle stood at Timahoe, built about 1183 by Hugh de Lacy for Myler Fitz-Henry, who had married his niece. Political intrigue saw Myler's Kildare lands exchanged for the wild territory of Leix including the township of Timahoe.

    Read the passage

    A castle stood at Timahoe, built about the year 1183 by Hugh de Lacy for Myler Fitz-Henry, who had married his niece. The King, suspicious of the designs of De Lacy as Chief Governor, recalled him in 1181, and sent over John, Constable of Chester, and Richard de Pech, as Justices ; these, in De Lacy’s absence, as Hanmer writes, “ subtilly tooke from Myler FitzHenry the possessions in Kildare which were given him by Strongbow, under colour of exchange, and gave

    372

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 350

39. Colonel Hewson takes the Castle of Leighlin Bridge in 1650

    Leighlinbridge · town · Carlow · 1650

    In March 1650, during the Cromwellian campaign, Colonel Hewson took the Castle of Leighlin Bridge without losing a single man, securing an important passage over the Barrow.

    Read the passage

    In March, 1650, the Castle of Leighlin Bridge was taken by Colonel Hewson. “ Upon my march,” he writes, “ I received a letter from my lord President of Munster to haste up unto Colonel Reynolds near Leighlin Bridge, and either to take in some passage over the Barrow or prosecute Castlehaven. The latter was prevented by the enemy’s withdrawal. The former (to wit Leighlin Bridge,) I attempted, and I obtained it without the loss of one man. The articles on surrender thereof are herewith presented to you. The garrison gave a pass over the Barrow, and indeed the benefit you have thereby is very great, and the time about the taking of it was one day. When I came hither, my Lord President was gone back to my Lord Lieutenant about Thomastown, whither I despatched a letter to his Excellency, intimating the taking of Leighlin Bridge, and my march towards

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 19

40. Cromwellian siege of Ballinakill Castle from Warren Hill

    Haywood Demesne · townland · Laois · 1650–1652

    When Cromwell's troops overran the island, Ballinakill Castle was attacked; the garrison offered stout resistance but, being cannonaded from Warren Hill adjoining Heywood demesne, were compelled to surrender, after which the Cromwellians left a considerable garrison there.

    Read the passage

    When Cromwell’s troops overran the island, this castle was attacked by them ; the garrison offered a stout resistance, but being cannonaded from the Warren Hill, adjoining Hey wood demesne, they were compelled to surrender. The Cromwellians left here a considerable garrison.

    PARISH OF BALLINAKtLL,

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 99

41. Destruction of Ancient Cashel at Oughaval Lamented by Fr. O'Hanlon

    Oughaval · townland · Laois

    Father O'Hanlon, a native of Stradbally, described and illustrated the ruin at Oughaval and denounced the Poor-law guardians for demolishing the ancient lichen-crusted cashel, possibly built in part by St. Colman himself, while landscaping the graveyard.

    Read the passage

    equal age, attached to it. The part of the tower that stood on the north wall, is destroyed. There are some quadrangular openings on the portion remaining. The north w’all towards the vault is nearly pulled down ; its length from north to western extremity, is 24 feet. The monument walls of the vault stand at the east end of the ruin, have a stone roof, and, on the west end, a high circular arch. — ( Ord . Surv. Papers). Father O’Hanlon, — whom Stradbally has the privilege of claiming as one of her distinguished sons, — gives a detailed description and an illustration of this place {Lives of Irish SS. Vol. I ., p. 330). He gives expression to his just indignation at the mischief wrought, in their ignorance, by the Poor-law guardians of the district, “by the removal of the very ancient and interesting cashel, once faced on the outside with lichen-crusted and large lime-stones, and breasted on the interior by a wide supporting mound of earth. While enlarging the boundaries, or w'hile extending gravelled walks, or planting yew and cypress trees for ornament within, it would have been possible to serve every useful purpose and to have added greatly to picturesque effect, had the historic cashel , — possibly constructed in part by the hands of St. Colman in the sixth century, — been suffered to remain. In the absence of commissioners for the preservation of our ancient monuments, our local Boards should learn not to perpetrate what Cobbett called ‘improvements for the worse.’ Not alone the peasantry, but the gentry, of Ireland have yet to learn and feel regarding the irreparable mischief of destroying sacred and ancient monuments, which should be so greatly prized as relics and evidences of the past/’ — (Id. 332, note).

    Franciscan Monastery.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 337

42. Dinn-Righ, ancient seat of the Kings of Leinster at Ballyknockan

    Ballyknockan · townland · Carlow

    Dinn-Righ, an ancient seat of the Kings of Leinster also called the Hill of the Kings or Slainge's Mount, is situated in the townland of Ballyknockan near Leighlin Bridge on the Barrow. Nothing remains of the palace but a large moat, and the site is associated with the death of King Slainge according to the Irish Annals.

    Read the passage

    This was a very ancient seat of the Kings of Leinster. It is named Linn-Righ, i.e., “ the Hill of the Kings,” and also Dumha-Slainge, i.e., “ Slainge’s Mount.” It is situated in the townland of Ballyknockan, about quarter of a mile south of Leighlin Bridge on the west bank of the Barrow. Nothing remains of the palace but a moat measuring 237 yards in circumference at the base, 69 feet high from the level of the Barrow, and 135 feet in diameter at the top. This place is referred to in the Irish Annals: — “ A.M. 3267. Slainge, son of Deala, was King of Ireland for one year, and he died at Dinn-Righ, on the bank of the Bearbha.” The following is from O’Flaherty’s Ogygia, vol. 2, p. 16: — “The Belgi were the first who instituted a kingly government in Ireland ; the five brothers having entered into a compact to reign alternately, Slaingy was proclaimed the first monarch of Ireland. At the expiration of one year, he was interred at Dumha-Slaigne, in Leinster, now Denrigia, on the banks of the Barrow, between Carlow and Leighlin.” It is also called the Fort of Labhraidh, i.e., of Labhraidh Loingseacli, monarch of Ireland of the Lagenian race, A.M. 3682. See Keating' s History of Ireland. In Fragments of the Annals of Tighernach, Bod. Lib. Oxon. (Rawlinson, 502 ,fol. 1, col. 1.) the following passage occurs, relative to this palace: — Cobhthach Caelbreagh, the son of Ugaine Mor, was burned together with thirty kings about him, at Dinn Riogh of Magh Ailbhe, in the palace of TuaimTeanboth, bv Labraidh Loingseach, ie. Maen, the son of Aileal Aine, son of Ugaine Mor, in revenge of his father and grandfather, whom Cobhthach Cael had slain. A war arose from this between Leinster and Leath Chuinn.” The Annals of the Four Masters thus refer to this event: — “A.M. 4658, Cobhthach Cael Breagh, son of Ugaine, after having been for fifty years in the Sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Labhraidh Loinseach, i.e. Maen, son of Oilioll Aine, with thirty

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 23

43. Foundation of the Cistercian Abbey of Duiske at Graig-na-Managh

    Graiguenamanagh · townland · Kilkenny

    The town and parish of Graig-na-Managh take their name from the Cistercian Abbey of Duiske (De Valle Salvatoris), founded on lands granted by Dermod O'Ryan, Prince of Idrone, and confirmed by Dermod MacMurrough, King of Leinster, at the confluence of the Duiske stream with the Barrow.

    Read the passage

    The town and parish of Graig-na-managh derive their name from the celebrated Cistercian Abbey, called Be Valle Salvatoris, which formerly flourished here, and of the noble church of which a large portion still remains. The name signifies the “ Grange of the Monks,” and indicates what constituted the grange of the first foundation. In ancient records it is styled the Abbey of Duiske, and was so called because it was built upon the confluence of the stream Duiske, i.e., the Blackwater, with the Barrow. The original monastery was founded on lands granted for that purpose by Dermod O’Ryan, Prince of Idrone,* which grant was confirmed by Dermod MacMurrough, King of Leinster. The foundation charter is still extant among the Ormonde archives. Mr. Gilbert has reproduced it in facsimile, from whose workf the text is here copied.

    * Dermod O’Ryan, here referred to, was, most probably, the same chief of Idrone who is mentioned as opposing, in conjunction with Reginald of Waterford, and O’Phelan, the Norman invaders at Dundonell, and afterwards at Waterford ; unsuccessfully in both cases. On the latter occasion, having taken 70 of the chief men in Waterford prisoners, they consulted amongst themselves what they should do with them. Raymond le Gros pleaded on the side of mercy ; he represented that they were no longer their enemies, but men absolutely vanquished, men who, standing in defence of their country, were, by evil fortune, overthrown. “With this,” writes Hanmer, “they were all drawn to some mildness,” and ready to shew favour ; but Henry de Monte Marisco opposed, “ bent on blood and villany, in whom there was neither manhood in battle abroad, nor mercy in consultation at home.” When the matter was put to the vote, the cruel counsel of Monte Morisco prevailed, “ whereupon the captains were brought to the rocks, and after their limbs were broken, they were cast headlong into the sea and drowned.” O’Ryan was killed in an attack made on Strongbow, in the woods of Idrone, a.d. 1171.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 187

44. Founding of the monastery at Killeshin by St. Diarmaid

    Killeshin · townland · Laois · 500–570

    A monastery was founded at Gleann-Uisean (Killeshin) at the start of the sixth century by St. Diarmaid, who was its first abbot; the site is also linked in tradition to Ossian and Fionn Mac Cumhaill's fosterage.

    Read the passage

    This place is situated in the territory of Ui-Bairche. Its original name was Gleann-Uisean, which is said to be derived from Uissin or Ossian, the Bard, the son of Fin-Mac-Cumhail. The latter was born on Temar-Mairghe in this locality, and was here fostered by his aunt, Bobal Bendrond, the Druidess, wife of Fiachu], the son of Cucend of Temar-Mairghe. — (. Leabhar-na - Uidhre ; quoted in Log. Patr. 202.) A Monastery was founded at Glean-IJssen at the commencement of the sixth century, by St. Diarmaid, who was its first Abbot. His feast was observed on the 8th of July, at which date the Feilire of HCngus commemorates him: — “Diarmait, a sure flame, bright sun of Glenn- Uissen,” on which the gloss in the Leabhar Breac adds : — “ Diarmait, i.e. My-Dimoc in TJi-Bairrche. He it is that was formerly in Glenn-TJissen before Comgan.’, St. Comgan, who succeeded St. Diarmaid in the government of this monastery, died previous to the year 570. This appears from a passage in the Life of St. Ita, wherein it is related that St. Comgan, finding his end approaching, sent for St. Ita that she might lay her hands on his lips, and close his mouth at the moment of his death. — (. Lanigan II., 88.) As St. Ita died in 570, the death of St. Comgan must have taken place previous to that date. His feast is marked at the 27th of February in the Mart. Tallaght. According to Colgan, he was of the illustrious house of the Dalcassians of Thomond. He is said to have been son of a sister of St. Columba ; the Leabhar Breac Commentator on the Feilire-iEngus refers to this : — “ Comgan, i.e. of Glenn-Uissen, Comgan cum germanis , Comgan, Mernoc, Moelchu, Mirili, Maeldub, Teldub Tebard of Aidne, six sons of Uthende, Fed-

    Q

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 229

45. Gallows Hill, formerly Cnoc-na-Croghaire, at Killeshin

    Killeshin · townland · Laois

    The elevation on which the present church of Killeshin stands was formerly called Cnoc-na-Croghaire, later rendered in English as Gallows Hill, reflecting the site's association with executions in the old town.

    Read the passage

    nor heard of a round Tower, which stood on pillars. I incline to the belief that it was a real Cloighteach, coeval with the doorway ; but I think that the pillars mentioned as having supported it, might have been added in later times when the lower part had become holed.” Adjoining the old church, on the sub-division called Castlequarter, is an extensive mound, about thirty feet high, and surrounded by a deep fosse. A castle is said to have stood here, and to have been pulled down about the year 1791. Local tradition would have it that a large town extended in olden times from Killeshin to Sletty — a distance of two miles. Sir Charles Coote, in his Statistical Account of the Queen’s County, written towards the end of the last century (pp. 193-4), makes mention of a town having stood at Killeshin in comparatively modern times. “This place,” he writes, “ is remarkable for having once been the chief town in the Queen’s County, though there is not a stone building now standing except the ruins of the church. Here were the County Gaol and Courthouse where the Assizes were held, and the governor’s mansion, which was a fine building ; also a fort and public buildings, of which there is now no trace. The stone stocks and gallows stood the wreck of time the longest, and their sites are pointed out by the old people in whose recollection they are.” The elevation upon which the present church of Killeshin stands, was formerly called Cnoc-na- Croghaire ; and, more recently, by its English equivalent. Gallows Hill. O’Donovan thinks it highly improbable that there was at any time anything like a considerable town at Killeshin. He remarks that Sir C. Coote did not state the source from which he derived his information. The old Elizabethan map of Leix and Offaly shews Killeshin as a large church only, and Olderrig, in this parish, as a little village of some few houses, none of which would appear to have been a castle. Near the doorway of the old church, to the south side, there is a tombstone, the inscription on which is almost effaced, but enough remains, coupled with the fact of it facing the east, to shew that it marks the grave of a priest. It is said that two priests, named Connor, uncle and nephew, lie interred here ; one of them may perhaps be the Cure Connor referred to in the chapter on Baltinglass. The Cut of Killeshin, writes Lewis, Top. Diet., is a very singular artificial curiosity on the road to the collieries. It is a pass through a lofty hill, above half a mile long, and from 10 to 40 feet deep, according to the rise of the ground, but not more than four feet four inches wide, cut through the solid rock, so that cars have barely room to pass along it. The constant flow of water, and the friction of the

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 235

46. Great slaughter of the O'Mores at Ballylehane, 1315

    Ballylehane · electoral division · Laois · 1315

    Clyn's annals record a great slaughter of the O'Mores and their followers, numbering about 300, near Ballylehane in 1315, on the feast of the Epiphany.

    Read the passage

    “ A.D. 1315. Strages magna Hybernicorum scilicet de O’Morehys et hominibus illorum, circiter 300 occiduntur juxta Bellilethan, in Epiphania Domini.” Again, two years later, Clyn states that there was a great defeat of the Irish at Castledermot, by Edmund Butler, and another, of the soldiers of O’More, by the same at Baclethan. (Ballylehane.) And in another entry in Clyn’s Annals, under date 1346, the castle of Ballylehan is expressly referred to, in which it is stated that in the week succeeding Low Sunday, the castles of Ley, Kilmeade, and Ballylehane were taken and dismantled by O’More, O’Conor, and O’Dempsy, on Thursday before the feast of the Holy Cross. “ A.D. 1346. In hebdomada post Dominicam in Albis, castra de Ley, Kilmehid, et Ballylethan, capiuntur et franguntur per 0 Murthe, O’Konkur, et O’Dymisey, die Jovisin crastino Sanctae Crucis.” O’Donovan identifies Ballilethan, as “ Ballylehane, Queen’s County.” As Ballylehane was within the territory of the O’Mores, there can be scarcely a doubt that the castle was built by them. A Branch of the MacDonnells appears to have settled in this locality in the 16th century. On the 7th of May, 1578, an agreement was entered into between Sydney, the Lord Deput}r, and the three septs of the Clandonnells, the representative of one of which was Maelmurry McEdmund of Rahin. ‘Edmund McDonnell of Rahen/ is named in the Carew Calendar, A.D. 1596, as one of the principal gentlemen of the Queen’s County. A Memorial presented by the Irish Council to Essex, in 1599, represents the Mac- Donnells as then in rebellion with the O’Mores ; and about this time their castles of Rahin and Derry were forfeited, and bestowed on Sir R. Greame ( See Vol. 2, p. 153.) An Inquisition, taken at Maryborough, 18th April, 1628, sets forth that the late King James, by letters Patent, dated 4th May, 1613, had granted to Sir Richard Greham, and his heirs and assigns intail, the town and lands of Rahinderry, Banganagh, ( Shan - ganagh) . . . Killmaronny, Ballelihan alias Ballelinan , Agharow alias Aghenure, Ballecornan, and a moiety of the townland of Balleaghan, containing 4 castles, 20 messuages, and 717 acres ; in the town and land of Rahinduff, 6 messuages and 71 acres ; in Cremorgan alias Clomorgan, 80 acres of arable and 10 of brushwood and moor ; in Dowary and Moneduff, 6 messuages and 184 acres ; in Rathaspick, Monynebooly, and

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 71

47. Killeen and the failed monastery site legend

    Killeen · townland · Kilkenny

    A local tradition holds that Killeen, near a small graveyard in Barrowmount, was the first site chosen by monks for the Abbey of Graig, but that witchcraft caused whatever was built by day to be thrown down at night, forcing them to move to Graig instead.

    Read the passage

    “ This is the name of a small piece of land, containing ten or twelve acres, in the south of the townland of Barrowmount. This, I think, takes its name from the circumstance of a small grave-yard adjoining it ; if not, I can find no other reason that will agree with the meaning of the word Killeen, which is “ a small church,” or “ grave-yard.” Still, it is improbable that it should take its name from a grave-yard, of not more than 40 years’ standing, as a name given at that period (the close of the last century) would more likely have an English than an Irish idiom.” — ( Ord . Surv. Letter .) A vault, erected here by one of the Gore family, is erroneously considered by the country people to be the remains of a church. There is a tradition in the locality, that previous to the building of the Abbey of Graig, this was the first site chosen by the monks, but that owing to some spell or witchcraft which operated against them, they were unable to proceed : it is said that what they built in the day was thrown down at night ; they then changed to Graig.

    The Mass Bush, in the townland of Barrowmount, marks a spot where, in penal times, the faithful assembled, at risk of property and of life, to assist at the Holy Sacrifice. The bush is a very venerable one, measuring three feet in circumference. The place was well chosen, as it enabled the scouts to provide against a surprise, by affording them a view of all the surrounding district.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 316

48. Maryborough fortress demolished by Hewson's parliamentarians, 1650

    Maryborough · townland · Laois · 1650

    Maryborough was retaken by Lord Castlehaven, then in 1650 the fortress was taken by parliamentarian troops under Hewson, by whom it was entirely demolished.

    Read the passage

    against all who adhered to the said cessation, and remitted same to be published in Kilkenny. This document, issued from Kilminsie in the vicinity of Maryborough, was fixed on the church doors of Kilkenny. . . On the twelfth day after his arrival in Kilminsie, while the [Nuncio and O’Neill were in private conference, a messenger rushed into the apartment and announced that Preston, with 10,000 men, was marching on Birr, withinfour miles of the camp. Preston, however, did not advance, and ignorance of O’Neill’s numerical inferiority saved the latter. Bidding a sad farewell to the Catholic General, whom the severance made weep like a child, the Nuncio, with an escort of 200 Horse, commanded by Henry O’Neill, set out from Kilminsie, Henry Boe O’Neill’s house, for Kilcolgan.” — Meehan’s Confederation of Kilkenny. New Ed. p. 255. Maryborough was subsequently re-taken by Lord Castlehaven; and, in 1650, the fortress was taken by the parliamentarian troops under Hewson, by whom it was entirely demolished. Under the Charter of Elizabeth, the Corporation consisted of a burgomaster, two bailiffs and an indefinite number of burgesses and freemen, assisted by a town clerk, sergeant-at-mace, and inferior officers. The burgomaster and bailiffs were to be annually elected on Michaeimas-day, from the burgesses, by a majority of their number, by whom also vacancies in that body were filled up, and freemen admitted only by favour. The burgomaster and bailiffs were by the charter compelled to take the oaths of office before the Constable of the Fort or Castle of Maryborough, which office though now a sinecure is still (1837) retained ;* or, in his absence, before the burgesses and commons of the borough ; the former is justice of the peace within the borough, and, with the two bailiffs, escheator, clerk of the market, and coroner. The town clerk is also sergeant-at-mace, billetmaster, and weigh-master, to which office he is appointed by the burgomaster. By the Charter, the Corporation continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the franchise was abolished. The borough court, which had jurisdiction to any amount, was discontinued towards the close of the last century ; and in 1829 the members of the Corporation had so diminished in number, that no legal election of officers took place, although the townspeople took upon themselves to elect a burgomaster, bailiffs, and other corporate officers ; and in 1830, one burgess and two freemen of the old

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 256

49. Mutilated granite cross at Lacken used as soldiers' target

    Lacken · townland · Carlow · 1737

    A granite cross on the townland of Lacken, near Kiltennell, bears a partly legible inscription dated 1737, and local tradition says it was mutilated by soldiers using it as a target. Unbaptised children were buried near the cross.

    Read the passage

    On the townland of Lacken, within less than half-a-mile of Kiltennell, there is a granite cross, about 3 feet high, “ on which,” wrrites Ryan, “ is the following inscription — ‘ O.K.L., DEC., 1737. A.C.’ Near the cross is a cairn or heap of stones. The cross is mutilated — according to local account — by soldiers making it a target.” The cross remains, but no inscription is now visible. It stands on a small plot, in which unbaptised children were, and perhaps still are, buried.

    Succession of Pastors.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 160

50. Piggott castle at Dysert built on lands seized from the O'Lalors

    Dysart · townland · Laois · 1577–1607

    A castle of the Piggotts stood at Dysert, granted to Robert Piggott by Queen Elizabeth in 1577 after the massacre and expulsion of the O'Lalors and other Irish natives from the district. Small portions of its walls still remain on the hill facing Dunamase.

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    At Dysert stood a castle of the Piggotts, to whom large possessions in this district fell after the massacre and expulsion of the O’Lalors and the other Irish natives. A small portion of the walls of this stronghold still remain on the brow of the hill facing Dunamase. The following Inquisition, taken at Maryborough, 7th Sept., 1607; indicates the grants made to Piggott by Queen Elizabeth in 1577, the year, be it noted, in which he was concerned with Cosby, Hartpole, and others, in the perpetration of the massacre of Mullaghmast : —

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 261

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here stood a castle of the Piggotts, granted to Robert Piggott by Queen Elizabeth in 1577. That grant followed the massacre and expulsion of the O'Lalors and other Irish natives from this district. Piggott was involved with Cosby, Hartpole, and others in the massacre at Mullaghmast that same year. An inquisition taken at Maryborough in 1607 recorded the grants, and small portions of the castle walls still remain on the brow of the hill facing Dunamase.

51. St. Brigid's Chair and Well at Kilranelagh

    Kilranelagh · townland · Wicklow

    At Kilranelagh, a remarkable group of stones formed into a seat is called St. Brigid's Chair, with an ancient head-stone bearing an engraved cross forming its back; St. Brigid's well and stone are also found nearby, the stone reputed to cure headache.

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    ancestor of the family of O’Lonain, having discovered who Cumisceagh was, slew him at the Green of Kilranelagh, and cutting off his head, brought it to King Brandubh, who, for this signal service, granted perpetual freedom, or exemption from custom or tribute, to the Church of Kilranelagh. Dr. O’Conor translates Cill-Rannairech “ ecclesia ad manifestandum supra omnes,” but this is absurd; it signifies the cell or Church of Rainnaire, a man’s name. — (O’Donovan ; note to Four Masters.) St. Brigid was the Patron of this Church. A very remarkable group of stones here, formed into a seat, is called St. Brigid’s Chair ; an ancient head-stone, having a cross engraved on it, forms the back of the seat. St. Brigid’s well is also to be seen within the grave-yard, and a stone, called St. Brigid’s stone, near her chair, is resorted to for the cure of head-ache. Kilranelagh is 1292 feet above the level of the sea. The site of the old church can scarcely be recognised. Father Shearman states, without quoting an authority for it, that Aedh Mac Ainmire, King of Ireland, who was killed at the battle of Dunboig in 598, was buried at Kilranelagh. Father David Byrne, P.P. of Rathvilly for a very lengthened period, died in 1746, aged 96, and is interred at Kilranelagh. The grave of a priest, most probably the one here referred to, is pointed out ; it is marked by a granite head-stone, on which the monogram I.H.S. at the top can be traced, but nothing further. This priest resided at Portrishin, a place in which, according to local tradition, Mass used to be said in penal times. It is stated that when Father Byrne was persecuted by a bitter bigot named Sauls, who then occupied a prominent position in the neighbourhood of Hacketstown, he received shelter and protection from a Protestant family named Wilson.

    In 1785, Mr. Green of Greenville, Kilranelagh, Co. Wicklow, opened a piece of ground near his house. At six feet deep, he found a Cist , with an urn containing calcined bones ; capacity, 16 quarts; it was wrought with zig-zag ornaments. For sketch and details, see Transactions R.I. A. Yol. L, a.d. 1787.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 328

52. St. Fintan's Well and healing tree at Clonenagh

    Clonenagh · townland · Laois

    On the roadside at Clonenagh, St. Fintan's well is pointed out, said to have been diverted from its original site in an adjoining field. An old tree opposite the well is popularly believed to hold water with healing properties in cavities of its trunk.

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    On the roadside, the well of St. Fintan is pointed out. It does not, it is said, occupy its original site, which was in the adjoining field ; the owner of this field contrived to divert the spring to the place it occupies at present. An old tree, opposite the well, is popularly supposed to be connected with it. In some cavities in the trunk, water is said to be, at all times, found, to which healing properties are ascribed.

    The Monastery of Clonenagh ranked amongst the distinguished seats of learning in the kingdom, in early Christian times. It was called the Gallican school (Gael., i.e., a foreigner)

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 282

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here is St. Fintan's well, on the roadside. It does not occupy its original site, which was in the adjoining field. The owner of that field contrived to divert the spring to where it runs now. Opposite the well stands an old tree, popularly supposed to be connected to it. Water is said to be found at all times in cavities in the trunk, and healing properties are ascribed to that water. Clonenagh itself was once a distinguished seat of learning in early Christian times, called the Gallican school.

53. St. Fortchern founds retreat at Killoughternane

    Killoughternane · townland · Carlow

    St. Fortchern, disciple of St. Patrick and briefly Bishop of Trim, resigned his charge after three days and chose Killoughternane as his retreat, which became a chief religious establishment where St. Finnian of Clonard studied under him.

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    Britain. The history of Fortchern’s conversion is thus given in the Book of Armagh : “ When Patrick with his holy companions, had arrived in Ireland, he left St. Lomman at the mouth of the Boyne to guard the ship forty days and forty nights ; and he remained another period of forty days in addition to those commanded by Patrick ; then, as commanded by his master, he proceeded, under the guidance of the Lord, against the stream, as far as the ford of Trim, to the door of the house of Feidhlimidh, son of Laoghaire. And when it was morning, Fortchern, son of Feidhlimidh, found him reciting the Gospel, and, filled with admiration for the Gospel and its doctrine, straightway believed, and a fountain having been opened in that place, he was baptized in Christ by Lomman. And he stayed with him until his mother came to seek him, and she rejoiced at seeing him, for she was a British woman. And she also believed in like manner, and returned back to her house and told her husband all things that had happened to herself and to her son. Feidhlimidh rejoiced at the coming of the cleric, for his wife was of the Britons — that is, Scothnoc, daughter of the King of the Britons. . . . Lomman remained with Fortchern at the ford of Trim until Patrick came unto them, and built a church with them, the twenty-second year before Armagh was founded.” {Book of Armagh, fol, 16.) It is added that Fortchern, in obedience to St. Lomman, allowed himself, on the death of that saint, to be consecrated Bishop of Trim, but that in three days he resigned his charge, and set out in search of a life of greater humility and solitude. The spot chosen by him for his retreat, which subsequently bore his name and became one of the chief religious establishments of the kingdom, was Killuchternan, the place of which we treat. By a corruption of name it is called Ecclesia Roscurensis, in the Life of St. Finnian of Clonard. “ To this retreat, as to a school of sanctity and wisdom,” writes Colgan, “ there came many seeking for instruction in literature and virtue, who, in after times, were eminent for their piety and learning, amongst whom, to the great lustre of this school, St. Fortchern merited to have as his disciple St. Finnian of Clonard, a native of the district about Mount Leinster, who was subsequently the instructor of the greatest Saints of Ireland, and spiritual father of three thousand monks.” {Acta SS. p. 365.) St. Fortchern, who was also connected with Tullow and, in consequence, was formerly called Tullach Fortchern, — died about the year 500. His festival was kept at Trim on the 17th of February, and at Idrone on the 11th of October.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 87

54. St Patrick's Footprints at Knock Patrick

    Knockpatrick · townland · Clare

    Adjoining an old church on the southern slope of Knock Patrick lies a large flat granite rock bearing the clear impression of two feet, locally attributed to St Patrick who is said to have preached from that spot, a tradition possibly alluded to in St Fiacc's Hymn.

    Read the passage

    Following the route taken by St. Patrick towards the confines of Hy Kinselagh, within its borders, in the parish of Graney, we meet with an old church situated on the southern slope of Knock Patrick, adjoining which there is a large flat granite rock ; on its surface the impression of two feet is clearly defined to the depth of an inch. Local tradition assigns these footprints to the Apostle, who thus impressed on the living rock from which he addressed his hearers the attestation of his presence and miraculous power. It is probably to Cnoc Patraic St. Fiacc’s Hymn on St. Patrick alludes where he says : — “ He pressed his foot on the stone ; its trace remains, it wears not

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    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 147

55. Synod at Campus Lene on the Paschal controversy

    Moylena · street · Offaly

    St Lazerian is described as having laboured especially at a convention of bishops and abbots held in Campus Lene (Magh Lena) to resolve the controversy over the date of celebrating Easter, leading to a delegation being sent to Rome.

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    rimos. Adeoejuspercrdbuitfama, ut ad mille quingentos, qui ejus ad monasterium conduxerant, discipulos habuisse diceretur; qui ejus praeceptis imbuti, et formati exemplo, ita morum sanctit&te et austeritate vitae emindbant, ut per totum late regnum ev&serint celeberrlmi. Veritatis et eccle^ siasticae discipllnae vindex acerrimus errdribus ublque rdstitit: verum convellendae inveteratae Paschatis celebrandi die ddcima quarta consuetiidini praeclpue allaboravit in Episcopdrum et Abbatum convdntu in campo Lene habito. Cum vero Antistltibus videretur permittendum esse unicuique eum, quern vellet, sequi ritum, ab iis tantum obtlnuit, ut quidam Romam mitterdntur, qui consulerent Sedem Apostolicam. Ipsi k Concllio hoc munus commlssum est. Romam profectus honorlfice excdptus est ab Honorio primo, qui Abb&tiam Leithlinensem in sedem Episcopalem erexit, ip sum ejus consecravit Eplscopum, Legatumque suum in Hibernia designavit.

    Lectio VI.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 384

56. The Butler castle of Tinnehinch and its watch-tower defences

    near Tinnehinch · townland · Wicklow · 1500–1599

    An old castle of the Butlers stood at Tinnehinch, built in the sixteenth century, with a single small entrance defended by a bartizan and a barbican or watch-tower on corbels at the eastern corner nearest the river.

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    At Tinnehinch is an old castle of the Butlers, built in the sixteenth century ; the only entrance to it was a small door in an angle at the west side, which was defended by a bartizan at the top of the building. At the eastern corner nearest to the river, was a barbican or watch-tower, constructed on corbels projecting from the walls, by which the northern and eastern sides of the castle were defended. Many tales of lawless wickedness and wild romance in which the owners of this castle bore a leading part, are still related in the neighbourhood. Some of these are here set down as local folk-lore, without claiming to be regarded as historically true. It is told that the Butler who first resided in the castle, was born in England. Being brought to this country when an infant, he was reared by a family named Archdekin, residing at Raheen, about two miles from Graig. When he reached manhood he went over to London where he was in great favour with the Queen, from whom he received grants of land in both the counties of Kilkenny and Carlow. The story .goes that he constructed at the top of the castle an immense reservoir for water, capable of holding as much as would flood the castle, which having filled, he invited a large number of the neighbouring Irish, amounting it is said to 700, to dinner. When they had assembled, the means of egress were secured, and Butler, going to the top of the castle, discharged the contents of the reservoir, by which means they were all drowned. It is stated that from that day to this, “ there is never an assembly, fair, or meeting at Graig, but that the day is sure to come wet.”

    230

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 217

57. Abbot Griffin negotiates with O'Tooles and O'Byrnes

    Baltinglass · town · Wicklow · 1314

    In 1314 Abbot Griffin of Baltinglass was permitted to hold conferences with the O'Toole and O'Byrne septs and mountain inhabitants, deemed Irish felons, to recover goods plundered from the Abbot and his tenants.

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    A.D. 1314. Griffin was Abbot. In this year we find him permitted to hold conferences with the septs of the O’Tooles and O’Byrnes, and many others of the inhabitants of the mountains, denominated Irish felons, for the purpose of receiving from them goods, chattels, etc., which the said Abbot and his tenants had been plundered and robbed of, or to return a just and full equivalent for same. ( King , p. 415.)

    A.D. 1316. Circa Octavas Baptistae, fit magna strages juxta Abbaciam de Balkynglas, ubi circiter 300 occiduntur. ( Clyn.)

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 134

    As the companion tells it

    You are coming through Baltinglass in Wicklow. In 1314 the abbot here was a man named Griffin, and he was given leave to hold conferences with the O'Toole and O'Byrne septs and others of the mountain inhabitants, called Irish felons, to recover goods and chattels plundered from the abbot and his tenants, or to receive a just equivalent for them.

58. Ancient graves discovered at Duninga fort

    Duninga · townland · Kilkenny

    Two small flagged graves, one of a child and one of a full-grown man, were discovered at Duninga fort about two feet under the surface, each containing an earthen vessel of baked clay that was broken by careless diggers.

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    In the townland of Barrowmount, near the Barrow, there is a Druid’s altar ; the slab which is usually found horizontal and on pillars, is here raised in a perpendicular position and the props are displaced. There are two Baths in Lowgrange within a short distance of each other, of the ordinary size. At Duninga* there is a very remarkable earth fortification. It is described as a combination of five circular forts, four of which are hollows, in the shape of two figures of 8, and all enclosed by two great circumvallations. The ground inclines from N. to S., the four hollows being in the south ; to the north it is a level space in the centre of which stand two large granite pillars. There is also an extensive Bath in the townland of Castlekelly, and another still more extensive one, embracing an acre of ground half a mile further on. The writer of Ord. Surv. Letter , in reference to Duninga, which he writes Dun Inge, states that “this is one of the chain of forts on the trench of Bathduff, locally called the gripe of the pig , shown by Mercator on his map of Idrone.” The Bev. W. K. Boroughs states that two small graves were, some years ago, discovered at this Bath, about two feet under the surface, beside each other ; one, that of a child, the other, that of a full-grown man. These graves were neatly flagged at the bottom and sides. One was 18 inches long and 14 high ; the other, 3 feet by 18 inches. In each was found an earthen vessel of baked clay, which were broken by the carelessness of the diggers. The bones were not charred by fire. This (Duninga) is a fine fort, and formed one of a chain which seems to have separated two important ancient territories. If, however, this chain of forts, connected by the gripe of the pig, ox the trench of Bathduffe, formed the boundary between the territories of Gabhrain and Idrone, it is difficult to assign a reason for the fact that in forming the Diocese of Ossory the Parish of Shankill was not made a part of it, for the trench certainly formed its east boundary.

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come

59. Ancient sanctity of Luimneach and St. Finnachta

    Ballon · town · Carlow · 848

    Ballon's old name Luimneach was traditionally regarded as a place of special sanctity, associated with King Finnachta of Connaught who resigned his kingdom to become a recluse and died in 848. The burial ground here has been encroached upon by the public road.

    Read the passage

    but of it there are now no traces ; and the burial-ground itself, now but little used, has been evidently encroached upon by the public road. The portion that remains was enclosed by a Father Duggan, who formerly ministered in this parish. The ancient name for this place was Luimneach, a name by which it is still known by some of the old inhabitants. It is traditionally regarded as a place of special sanctity. The following reference to a king of Connaught, named Finnachta, who became a recluse, and died in 848, is found in the Neamshancus of Mac Firbis, p. 709, R.I.A. : “ Finnachta, of Luimnech, whose church is in Hy Censelagh, was a saint of the Sil-Muiredhaigh, who resigned his kingdom of Connaught of his own will, for love of God. He was the third son of Tomaltach ut dictur —

    Finnachta, son of Tomaltach

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 111

60. Baltinglass town incorporated by Charter of Charles II

    Baltinglass · town · Wicklow · 1661

    The town of Baltinglass was incorporated by Charter of the 13th year of Charles II, establishing a Corporation styled 'The Sovereign, Burgesses, and Free Commons of the Borough of Baltinglass' with officers including a Sovereign, 12 Burgesses, a Recorder and Town Clerk.

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    The town of Baltinglass was incorporated by Charter of 13th of Charles II. The Corporation is styled, “ The Sovereign, Burgesses, and Free Commons of the Borough of Baltinglass,” and its officers were, a Sovereign, 12 Burgesses, a Recorder, and Town Clerk, a Sergeant-at-Mace, and a Clerk of the Market. The Sovereign was elected annually by and from the Burgesses, and the Burgesses were elected for life from among the body of the Freemen. Such was the constitution enjoined by the Charter, but, says the Commissioner on Municipal Corporations, “ prior to 29th of Sept., 1832, there were but two Burgesses and no Freemen. On that day, 10 of the existing Burgesses were nominated and sworn, the majority of whom are non-resident, but live many miles distant from the town. Burgesses have no functions to perform. Lord Aldborough is the patron of the Borough ; there is no select body, all power being vested in him.” The Aldborough family received the £15,000 compensation money granted for the loss of the elective franchise, in 1800. In 1763, the Stratfords received the title of Barons of Baltinglass, they subsequently had the title of Earl of Aldborough conferred upon them.

    In the burial-ground at Baltinglass, a large cross has been erected to commemorate three priests who are interred there. The following are the inscriptions : —

    Internet Archive collectionsrelat03come, Chapter 140

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up now is the town of Baltinglass in Wicklow. It was incorporated in 1661 by charter of the 13th year of Charles II, and the corporation was styled, in the words of the source, "The Sovereign, Burgesses, and Free Commons of the Borough of Baltinglass." Its officers were a Sovereign, 12 Burgesses, a Recorder and Town Clerk, a Sergeant-at-Mace, and a Clerk of the Market. The Sovereign was elected annually by and from the Burgesses, and the Burgesses were elected for life from among the Freemen. That was the constitution the charter enjoined, but by the 29th of September 1832 there were only two Burgesses and no Freemen at all. On that day 10 new Burgesses were nominated and sworn, most of them living many miles from the town. The Commissioner on Municipal Corporations reported that Burgesses had no functions to perform, and that Lord Aldborough was the patron of the borough, with all power vested in him. The Aldborough family received 15,000 pounds compensation for the loss of the elective franchise in 1800. The Stratfords had taken the title Barons of Baltinglass in 1763 and later became Earls of Aldborough.