Name: History of Sligo, county and town, from the close of the Revolution of 1688 to the present time
Author: W. G. (William Gregory) Wood-Martin (1847–1917)

Sligo Post Office formerly in Quay Street

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1790–1800

At the close of the eighteenth century the Post Office of Sligo was situated in Quay Street, the ground afterwards known as 'the post office plot.' Letters from Dublin to Sligo then cost 10d. in transmission.

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At the close of the last century the Post Office of Sligo was situated in Quay-street ; the ground on which it stood was long afterwards known as " the post office plot." Letters from Dublin to Sligo then cost lOd. in transmission — a single sheet of paper and no enclosure allowed. The speed at which " His Majesty's Mail" was carried was not excessive; in October, 1824, the Sligo mail was " accelerated to 5i miles per hour " at the urgent entreaties of tlie Sligo Town and Harbour Commissioners ; whilst on May 10 of the following year the Postmaster-General advertised for " proposals for the conveyance
216 HISTORY OF SLIGO.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 108

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, you are near Quay Street, where the town's Post Office stood at the close of the 18th century. The ground it stood on was long afterwards known as "the post office plot." A letter from Dublin to Sligo then cost 10 pence in transmission, a single sheet of paper and no enclosure allowed. The speed at which His Majesty's Mail was carried was not excessive. In October 1824 the Sligo mail was accelerated to 5 and a half miles per hour at the urgent entreaties of the Sligo Town and Harbour Commissioners.

Sligo re-constituted as a Borough by James II

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1685–1688

King James II issued a charter re-constituting Sligo as a Borough after the previous charter had been annulled. The new charter increased the number of Burgesses to twenty-four and required the Provost to take an oath of allegiance to the King.

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On account of its archaeological interest, a brief outline is annexed of the Grant of James II. ; it is, however, of no legal value. The charter, after reciting that the town of Sligo was an ancient Borough, and that the Provost, free Burgesses, and Commonalty had enjoyed great liberties and privileges, reconstituted it a Borough, tlie previous charter having been annulled for the time, either by a quo icarranfo or a forced surrender. Instead, however, of twelve, twenty- four Burgesses were now appointed ; the power of returning two members to Parliament was re-affirmed, as also the power of the Provost
(\

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 46

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, you are in a town whose older charter had been annulled, either by a quo warranto or a forced surrender. King James the Second reconstituted it as a Borough, reciting that the town of Sligo was an ancient Borough, and that the Provost, free Burgesses, and Commonalty had enjoyed great liberties and privileges. The new charter increased the number of Burgesses from twelve to twenty-four, and reaffirmed the power of returning two members to Parliament, as well as the power of the Provost. The document is noted as being of archaeological interest but of no legal value.

Sligo Regiment's exemplary conduct in Limerick

Limerick · city · Limerick · 1810–1811

The Sligo Militia, mustering 609 rank and file, was stationed in Limerick in 1810 and 1811. Major-General H. T. Montresor, commanding the garrison, praised the regiment's exemplary conduct and steadiness in the field.

Read the passage

" The exemplary conduct of the Sligo Regiment in this Garrison vies with their steadiness in the field."
Shortly after, the Sligoes were ordered to embark for England ; and with the object of reconciling the married men to the change, they were ail allowed to be accompanied by their wives and families witliout restriction as regards numbers; and provisions as well as accommodation were allotted to them on board the transports.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Limerick, this is where the Sligo Militia was stationed in 1810 and 1811, mustering 609 rank and file. Major-General Montresor, commanding the garrison, praised them, saying their exemplary conduct "vies with their steadiness in the field." Shortly after, the Sligoes were ordered to embark for England, and their married men were allowed to bring their wives and families without restriction as to numbers, with provisions and accommodation allotted on board the transports.

Sligo town hunt survived land-agitation without boycott

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1800–1892

The Sligo subscription pack of hounds was maintained by local gentlemen and later taken up by Sir Robert Gore-Booth. During the worst days of land-agitation, Sligo was one of the few counties where no attempt was made to boycott sport.

Read the passage

The Sligo pack of hounds had a more chequered career, as for some period it appears to have been kept by gentlemen residing in the vicinity of the town, and was supported by subscription ; it so continued until taken up by the late Sir Eobert Grore-Booth, and after his decease there was an interval of a couple of years before it was resuscitated — equally to the enjoyment of the farmers and the gentry. To the credit of the former be it stated that, during the worst days of the land-agitation through which Ireland has recently passed, Sligo was one of the few counties in which no attempt was made to " boycott " sport.
The gentlemen of this Hunt had the reputation of being hard-riders and deep drinkers. A well-known member of the field was commonly known as " The Bloomer," and he is reputed to have received that nickname from the speech he made, when proposing to a young lady in these terms : — " My face is rough" — he was deeply marked by smallpox — " but my acres are smooth and blooming."

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 195

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo town, this was the home of a subscription pack of hounds kept by gentlemen in the vicinity. The late Sir Robert Gore-Booth took it over, and after his death there was a gap of 2 years before it was revived, to the enjoyment of both farmers and gentry. To the credit of the farmers, during the worst days of land-agitation, Sligo was one of the few counties where no attempt was made to boycott sport. The gentlemen of this hunt had a reputation as hard-riders and deep drinkers. One member was known as The Bloomer, a nickname he earned when proposing to a young lady. His face was deeply marked by smallpox, and he told her, "My face is rough, but my acres are smooth and blooming."

Soldiers encamped near Aclare on march to Castlebar

Aclare · electoral division · Sligo · 1750–1820

Old residents recalled seeing soldiers, on the march to their quarters at Castlebar, encamp for the night near the village of Aclare along the Circuit Road. This reflects the continued military use of the old trunk route in living memory.

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Another of the old trunk-lines led from Collooney through Tubbercurry, Banada, and Kilmacteigue, over the mountains to Foxford and Castlebar. This road is still known as the *' Circuit Road," ' from the fact that the judges and members of the bar rode by it from Sligo to Castlebar when going circuit. There are yet some old men living who recollect this, and who saw soldiers, on the march to their quarters at Castlebar, encamp for the night near the village of Aclare. Near Banada, a road branched off to Balliua through " The Gap " by Lough Talt. Of this road, Neligau (1816) in his Statistical Account of Kilmacteiye, relates that " a valuable improvement was made in this place through the exertions of a Captain O'Dowd, who possessed an estate of many thousand acres of these mountains, which were without inhabitants, . . . and which were nearly impassable to the active and barefooted natives. The immense rocks, steep hills, and deep caverns which everywhere presented themselves, formed as many difficulties as the passage of the
1 In the presentment book of the Grand Jury (1805) it is styled the " Grand Circuit Road." The road from Boyle to Ballyshannon through Sligo is also desi^ruated " The Circuit lioad."

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 99

St. John's vestry assesses £70 for Sligo street paving, 1775

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1775

From about 1770 the vestry of St. John's had charge of the streets and roads in the union. In 1775, under an Act of 5 Geo. III, the vestry ordered seventy pounds sterling to be levied off the inhabitants of Sligo town for paving and gravelling.

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From about the year 1770 the vestry of St. Jolm's had charge of the streets, as also the roads in the union, and in each parish " overseers " of the roads were regularly appointed. In 1775 it is recited that "pursuant to an Act made, 5 Greo. III. c. 14, sec. 35, empowering vestries to repair the streets of corporate towns by assessments, it is ordered by this vestry that the sum of seventy pounds sterling be applotted and levied off the inhabitants of the town of Sligo, to be applied towards paving and gravelling," &c. It appears that in 1780 the townspeople considered themselves over-rated, as the vestry ordered that, for the future, the borough should pay in the proportion of but one-ninth of the union. From this date the paving and flagging of the streets seem to have been regularly repaired. After the Town and Harbour Commissioners assumed charge, matters do not appear to have been as well managed by them as by the vestry, for the Lo)i(/oii(/crri/ Sciiftjicl of November, 1836, states that a tourist who visited Sligo thought " that the bogs had been literally carried off the mountains into the streets, and had
204 HISTORY OF SLTGO.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 103

As the companion tells it

Sligo town ahead on your road. From about 1770 the vestry of St. John's had charge of the streets and roads in the union, with overseers regularly appointed in each parish. In 1775, under an Act of 5 Geo. III, the vestry ordered that 70 pounds sterling be levied off the inhabitants of Sligo town for paving and gravelling. By 1780 the townspeople considered themselves over-rated, so the vestry ordered that the borough should pay only one-ninth of the union's share. From that date the paving and flagging seem to have been regularly repaired. After the Town and Harbour Commissioners took charge, things were not as well managed. The London Courier Sentinel of November 1836 reported a tourist's view that the bogs had been, in the source's words, literally carried off the mountains into the streets.

The Blennick shoal obstructs Sligo harbour navigation

near Oyster Island · townland · Sligo · 1877

At the upper end of Oyster Island, the Blennick, a dangerous rocky shoal projecting from the shore, was the most serious obstacle to river navigation. Its partial removal in 1877 caused The Pool to contract and lose depth, proving a disadvantage.

Read the passage

whilst, now, some half-dozen fairly good hotels, containing considerable accommodation, have been erected to meet the demand created by tourists and lodgers ; for the steamer and the cars which, in the summer, ply between Sligo and its suburb have of late considerably increased the influx of visitors during that season. Nature has done a good deal for the place ; and it only requires capital, judiciously laid out, to make the Point a formidable rival to any western watering-place. A large adjoining space, known as " The Greenlands," is open to the public, and forms a delightful promenade. Another great attraction is the amusement which can be had in the way of fishing and boating : row-boats and sailing-craft for hire are plentiful. At the upper end of Oyster Island the channel, which from this is marked out by perches and a sea-wall, is abruptly turned to the southward by the " Blennick," a dangerous and formerly rocky shoal projecting from the shore, and uncovered at low springs. It is the most serious obstacle to the navigation of the river, as it is not only in the direct course which the channel ought to pursue, but, also, it diverts the incoming tide from the north to the south side. The removal of the " Blennick " was long objected to by some persons who considered that it sheltered "The Pool," by breaking the ground-swell coming in from the ocean ; yet its entire removal is of the greatest importance, in order that a straight run may be given to the river, and the incoming tide ; the swell and wind would be sufficiently broken by Coney and Oyster Islands to render " The Pool " a safe anchorage. In 1877 a medium course was pursued, which has been attended with serious disadvantage. A great portion of the Blennick was lowered and the boulders removed. The scour over it is consequently greater, and " The Pool" has contracted in size; the depth has also seriously diminished. The first step for the improvement of the Harbour should be the entire removal of this obstacle, and the partial blocking of Shru-na-muile {the t/ionsand streams), i.e. the channel lying between Oyster and Coney Islands. The additional volume of water thus confined to one course would have the effect of sweeping away the tail of Bungar Spit, and would in

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 113

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, at the upper end of what was called Oyster Island, a dangerous rocky shoal known as the Blennick jutted out from the shore and turned the channel sharply southward. It was the most serious obstacle to navigation of the river, lying right in the path the channel ought to follow and diverting the incoming tide from north to south. Some people long objected to its removal, believing the Blennick sheltered a anchorage known as The Pool by breaking the ocean ground-swell. But in 1877 a medium course was tried. A great portion of the Blennick was lowered and the boulders removed. The result was a serious disadvantage. The scour over it grew greater, The Pool contracted in size, and its depth seriously diminished. The book argues the only real fix would have been to remove the Blennick entirely and partly block the channel between Oyster and Coney Islands, so that the full volume of water would sweep one course and clear the harbour.

Ursuline Convent of St. Joseph, Finisklin Road

Finisklin · townland · Sligo · 1850

The Ursuline Convent of St. Joseph on Finisklin Road was built and occupied in 1850 for the education of girls of various ranks. It comprised a gratuitous school for the poor, a day-school for town children, and a boarding-school, with dormitories, class-rooms, library, and chapel covering a great extent of ground.

Read the passage

The Ursuline Convent of St. Josepli, Finisklin-road, was built and occupied in 1850. The object of the foundation was the education of young girls of various ranks of society. There is a gratuitous school for the poorer class, supported by private contributions, also a day-school for children of the town, and a boarding-school for those who can afford to pay. The buildings cover a great extent of ground, and comprise dormitories, study, class-rooms, library, and chapel.
The Parish Church of St. John's was built in the form of a Celtic cross, the eastern limb being finished with a polygonal apse ; the ceiling, doubtless, was in the shape of a rather flattened dome ; the windows were topped with a semicircular arch, and a round arch led into the chancel. This can now be seen above the ceiling of the present chancel ; the old chancel was much shorter than the present one, and was lighted by windows, one in each side of the apse; the whole church was built of stone, quite unchiselled, and the roof rested on the walls, as in an ordinary dwelling-house. This edifice was almost entirely the work of a Mr. Castels who erected it on the site of the prior structure circa 1730. Pococke, in his tour in Ireland, in 1752, thus describes St. John's : — " The Church is the design of Mr. Castels ; it is in the form of a cross, with galleries at every end, except the east. The roof is a curious piece of work."

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 66

Famine of 1846-8 checked population growth in Sligo

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1846–1848

The famine of 1846-8 checked the great increase of population in County Sligo, which otherwise could not have been sustained by the land. The descendants of thousands whose staple food had been confined to potatoes later used flour, tea, and other articles unknown to the rustic larder half a century before.

Read the passage

The food and general well-being of the great bulk of the peasantry and of the labouring classes have been on the whole steadily progressive. The famine of 1846-8 checked the great increase of population, which otherwise could not, in course of time, have been sustained by the land ; and the descendants of thousands whose staple food had been confined to potatoes now use flour, tea, and numerous other articles of diet unknown to the rustic larder half a century previously.
The use of shoes and stockings is now general, as also the comfort of sleeping between blankets instead of in a pile of straw ; the improvement, too, in the manner of living, has become general, and has extended more or less to all parts of the county.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 172

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Sligo town. The famine of 1846 to 1848 checked the great increase of population in County Sligo, which the land could not otherwise have sustained in time. The descendants of thousands whose staple food had been confined to potatoes came to use flour, tea, and other articles unknown to the rustic larder half a century before. The use of shoes and stockings became general, as did the comfort of sleeping between blankets instead of in a pile of straw. The improvement in manner of living spread to all parts of the county.

General Lake pursues French through Bellahy to Tubbercurry

Tobercurry · town · Sligo · 1798

General Lake arrived at Bellahy only to learn the French had passed through more than fourteen hours earlier. He reached Tubbercurry that evening, encamped there, and was joined by Colonel Crawford before continuing the pursuit.

Read the passage

In pursuit of the French, General Lake arrived at Bellahy, where he was informed that they had passed on, more than fourteen hours before. About seven o'clock that evening he reached Tubbercurry, where he encamped, and remained some hours. He was there joined by Colonel Crawford. General Lake marched from Tubbercurry to Collooney, heard there of the action, and found a number of French killed,
1 The Dublin Evening Post, 28th October, 1798, contains an address from the High SherifE and Grand Jury of the Countj' Sligo, complimenting all concerned in the action at Collooney on their conduct on that occasion.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 11

Methodist church in Wine Street, Sligo, opened 1832

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1832

The present Methodist church in Wine Street, Sligo, was opened for divine service on Sunday, 3 June 1832, replacing the earlier Linenhall Street building. Methodist ministers remained itinerant, with three years the longest period in one place.

Read the passage

In 1802 the old building in Sligo proving insufficient for the congregation, a new and more commodious one was erected in Linenhall-street. Later on, this was superseded by the present church, situated in Wine-street, and which was opened for Divine service on Sunday, 3rd June, 1832.
The ministers are itinerant, three years being the longest period they can remain in one place. This, though an excellent system when the body was first organized — -it being then a missionary society, so to speak — is now somewhat out of date.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 71

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, the Methodist church on Wine Street dates from 1832. It opened for divine service on Sunday, 3 June 1832, replacing an earlier building on Linenhall Street, which itself had gone up in 1802 when the old Sligo meeting house proved too small for the congregation. The ministers stayed itinerant, with three years the longest they could remain in one place. The book calls this system excellent when the body was first organized, being then, so to speak, a missionary society, but notes it was now somewhat out of date.

Rev. Samuel Henry ordained to joint charge of Sligo and Ballina, 1695

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1694–1728

Rev. Samuel Henry came from the Presbytery of Edinburgh in October 1694 and was ordained in May 1695 to the joint charge of Sligo and Moywater (Ballina). In July 1698 Moywater was separated from Sligo, which became a distinct congregation under his charge until his resignation in 1728.

Read the passage

The first Presbyterian minister of whom there is anything very definite known, was the Rev. Samuel Henry, who came from the Presbytery of Edinburgh in October, 1694, and in May, 1695, was ordained to the joint cliarge of " Sligo and Moywater," i.e. Ballina. In July, 1698, " Moy water " was separated from Sligo, which then became a distinct congregation under his charge. He resigned in 1728. The next minister of whom there exists any record was the Rev. L. Asli (son of Capt. Ash, one of the defenders of Derry), who had received his college education in Edinburgh. The Presbytery of Letterkenny, which in 1717 was put in charge of the district, ordained him to the pastoral charge of the Sligo congregation in 1732. He died in 1742, and was succeeded by the Rev. H. Nesbitt, ordained by the Presbytery of Letterkenny, May 3, 1756. In 1760 Ballymote was joined to Sligo. The Rev. H. Nesbitt died in 1778 ; his successor was the Rev. Joseph King, ordained by the Presbytery of Clogher, August 4, 1784 ; he resigned the charge, and was succeeded the same year by the Rev. Booth Caldwell, who died October 24th, 1810. The Rev. Jacob Scott was ordained to the joint charge of Sligo and Ballymote, March 19th, 1811.
In 1823 the Sligo congregation became a separate charge, their first minister being the Rev. James Heron, ordained March, 1824. Mr. Heron becoming infirm, the Rev. Moffatt Jackson was appointed as his assistant. Mr. Heron died at Rosses Point, July 28, 1860, and was succeeded by Mr. Jackson, who had been educated at the old Academical Institution, Belfast. He was one of the first batch of students who received the degree of M.A. in connexion with the Uueen's University. The energy displayed by the young minister was rewarded by the gradual growth of the congregation, alike in number and influence. It shortly began to show signs of increased vitality, and the history of the church

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 69

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, you are in a town with an early Presbyterian history. The first minister of whom there is anything definite known was the Reverend Samuel Henry, who came from the Presbytery of Edinburgh in October 1694. In May 1695 he was ordained to the joint charge of Sligo and Moywater, which is Ballina. In July 1698 Moywater was separated from Sligo, and Sligo became a distinct congregation under his charge. He served until his resignation in 1728. After him the next minister of whom there is any record was the Reverend L. Ash, son of Captain Ash, one of the defenders of Derry, who had been educated in Edinburgh. The Presbytery of Letterkenny, put in charge of the district in 1717, ordained him to the Sligo congregation in 1732. He died in 1742 and was succeeded by the Reverend H. Nesbitt, ordained by the Presbytery of Letterkenny on May 3, 1756. In 1760 Ballymote was joined to Sligo. Nesbitt died in 1778, and the Reverend Joseph King was ordained by the Presbytery of Clogher on August 4, 1784. He resigned and was succeeded the same year by the Reverend Booth Caldwell, who died October 24, 1810. The Reverend Jacob Scott was then ordained to the joint charge of Sligo and Ballymote on March 19, 1811. In 1823 the Sligo congregation became a separate charge, and the Reverend James Heron was ordained in March 1824 as its first minister.

Sligo Presbyterian congregation becomes separate charge, 1823

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1823–1860

In 1823 the Sligo Presbyterian congregation became a separate charge, with Rev. James Heron ordained as first minister in March 1824. Heron died at Rosses Point on 28 July 1860 and was succeeded by Rev. Moffatt Jackson, a Queen's University graduate who energised the congregation.

Read the passage

In 1823 the Sligo congregation became a separate charge, their first minister being the Rev. James Heron, ordained March, 1824. Mr. Heron becoming infirm, the Rev. Moffatt Jackson was appointed as his assistant. Mr. Heron died at Rosses Point, July 28, 1860, and was succeeded by Mr. Jackson, who had been educated at the old Academical Institution, Belfast. He was one of the first batch of students who received the degree of M.A. in connexion with the Uueen's University. The energy displayed by the young minister was rewarded by the gradual growth of the congregation, alike in number and influence. It shortly began to show signs of increased vitality, and the history of the church

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 69

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, this was where the Presbyterian congregation became a separate charge in 1823. Their first minister, the Reverend James Heron, was ordained in March 1824. As Heron grew infirm, the Reverend Moffatt Jackson was appointed his assistant; Heron died at Rosses Point on 28 July 1860, and Jackson succeeded him. Jackson had been educated at the old Academical Institution in Belfast and was among the first students to receive an M.A. from Queen's University. His energy was rewarded by gradual growth in the congregation, in number and influence alike.

Cabragh bridge destroyed by flood

near Cabragh · street · Sligo · 1877

In August 1877, the bridge at Cabragh was destroyed by a sudden flood. It was subsequently rebuilt at a combined cost of £550 shared with the Enniscrone bridge.

Read the passage

In August, 1877, the bridges of Cabragh and Enniscrone were destroyed by a sudden flood, and rebuilt at a cost of £550 ; the bridge over the Easky river has been rebuilt at an expense of £700, and a new bridge over the river Owenbeg — near the village of Billa — was erected at a cost of £500. There is only one iron bridge at present in the county ; during the relief-works of 1880-1881 it was erected over the river Moy, on the new road from Tubbercurry to Sessue. It is 40 ft. clear span, and is composed of two lattice girders, supporting a floor of iron arched-plates covered with asphalt, and surfaced with gravel. There are about 17 tons of iron in it, and with the abutments the total cost was about £550.
203

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 101

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Cabragh, a bridge once stood that was swept away. In August 1877, a sudden flood destroyed the bridges here and at Enniscrone. Both were rebuilt, at a combined cost of 550 pounds.

Coolavin's rich and sour pasture

Coolavin · electoral division · Sligo

M'Parlan described Coolavin as containing a vast extent of sour mountain pasture alongside some of the richest feeding ground in Ireland, illustrating the extreme variety of pasture quality found within a single barony.

Read the passage

In the commencement of the present century, M'Parlan states that it was in the mountains and bogs the greatest part of any draining effected could be seen. He describes the county as containing every possible variety of pasture, sour, sweet, light, heavy ; some fit only for rabbits and kids, some for the heaviest cows and oxen. Coolaviji, wliero there was, and still is, a vast deal of sour mountain pasture, contained aUo some of the richest feeding ground in Ireland ; but the main portion of this area — consisting of the baronies of Leyuy,
296

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 147

Enniscrone bridge destroyed by flood

near Inishcrone · town · Sligo · 1877

In August 1877, the bridge at Enniscrone was destroyed by a sudden flood. It was rebuilt at a combined cost of £550 with the Cabragh bridge.

Read the passage

In August, 1877, the bridges of Cabragh and Enniscrone were destroyed by a sudden flood, and rebuilt at a cost of £550 ; the bridge over the Easky river has been rebuilt at an expense of £700, and a new bridge over the river Owenbeg — near the village of Billa — was erected at a cost of £500. There is only one iron bridge at present in the county ; during the relief-works of 1880-1881 it was erected over the river Moy, on the new road from Tubbercurry to Sessue. It is 40 ft. clear span, and is composed of two lattice girders, supporting a floor of iron arched-plates covered with asphalt, and surfaced with gravel. There are about 17 tons of iron in it, and with the abutments the total cost was about £550.
203

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 101

As the companion tells it

You are coming near Inishcrone in Sligo. In August 1877 a sudden flood destroyed the bridge at Enniscrone, along with the Cabragh bridge. Both were rebuilt at a combined cost of £550.

First meeting of Sligo Union Poor-Law Guardians

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1839

On 21 August 1839 the first Board of Poor-Law Guardians of the Sligo Union assembled in the grand jury room of the Courthouse, chaired by C. K. O'Hara with W. H. Handcock, Poor Law Commissioner, in attendance. Elected guardians represented electoral divisions across the union including Knocknarea, Drumcliff, Carney, Lissadell, Ballymote, Tubbercurry, and many others.

Read the passage

On August 21st, 1839, a meeting of the Poor-Law Guardians of the Sligo Union was held in the Courthouse, and a list is here given of the first Board which assembled in the grand jury room of the above building : —
" "W. H. Handcock, Poor Law Commissioner, attended the meeting; Chairman, C. K. O'Hara; Vice- Chairman, 'So\m^jrme\ Deputy Vice- Chairman, John Martin ; Cleric, Mr, Charles O'Connor.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

Coming through Sligo now. On 21 August 1839, the first board of Poor-Law Guardians for the Sligo Union met in the Courthouse. C. K. O'Hara chaired, with John Martin as Deputy Vice-Chairman and Charles O'Connor as clerk. The Poor Law Commissioner, W. H. Handcock, attended. The board had ex-officio guardians chosen by magistrates and 39 guardians elected by cesspayers across the union's electoral divisions.

Progressive establishment of dispensaries across County Sligo

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1806–1824

Dispensaries were progressively established across County Sligo from 1806 onward, beginning with the Sligo Dispensary and expanding to Coolany (1817), Ballymote (1818), Grange (1823), Dromore West and Riverstown (1824), and subsequently Castleconor and Kilglass. Districts were subdivided as the need for medical care became apparent.

Read the passage

for the support of dispensaries, medicines, &c., tliere must have been some prior Act, for in 1806 £83 was voted " to the Treasurer of the Sligo Dispensary for the support thereof ; " in 1817 there was a presentment for the Coolany Dispensary ; in 1818 for one at Ballymote ; in 1823 for one at Grange ; in 1824 for those at Dromore West and Riverstown ; and subsequently for Castleconor, Kilglass, &c. — districts being thus progressively subdivided as the increased need of medical care became apparent. The duties of Dispensary doctors, in an extensive rural district, when properly and conscientiously carried out, are arduous and onerous.
Various accounts are given of magic crystals, and rounded or globular stones, kept in certain families and believed to be cures for maladies afflicting both man and beast. These charms were simply placed in the fluid given to the patient to drink, and into which they were supposed to exude some healing virtue. " If we are inclined to laugh at the simple people who believed in those marvellous cures," remarks P. W. Joyce, " let us not forget that they are in no degree more credulous than myriads of our own day, who are caught by quack advertisements, and who believe in cures quite as wonderful as those performed by Diancccht." This " fairy doctor " at once cured the wounded warriors of the Tuatha de Danaan, at the battle of Moytirra in Sligo, by plunging them into a medicated bath. There are still — according to W. B. Yeats in Fairy and Folk Tales — "fairy doctors" in the county, "really well up in herbal medicine by all accounts."

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 173

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo town, this was where the county's dispensary system began. In 1806, £83 was voted to the Treasurer of the Sligo Dispensary for its support. From there, dispensaries spread across the county as the need for medical care became apparent. Coolany came next in 1817, then Ballymote in 1818, Grange in 1823, Dromore West and Riverstown in 1824, and subsequently Castleconor and Kilglass, districts being progressively subdivided. The duties of dispensary doctors in an extensive rural district, properly and conscientiously carried out, were arduous and onerous. Before formal dispensaries, people turned to other kinds of healing. Certain families kept magic crystals and rounded stones believed to cure ailments in man and beast. These charms were placed in the fluid given to the patient to drink, into which they were supposed to exude some healing virtue. P. W. Joyce remarked, "let us not forget that they are in no degree more credulous than myriads of our own day, who are caught by quack advertisements." The fairy doctor Diancccht cured the wounded warriors of the Tuatha de Danaan at the battle of Moytirra in Sligo by plunging them into a medicated bath. According to W. B. Yeats, fairy doctors were still in the county, "really well up in herbal medicine by all accounts."

Sligo Borough Apprentice By-Laws and Protestant Requirement

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1716–1718

In 1716 and 1718, the Borough of Sligo enforced rules requiring apprentices to serve faithfully for seven years and to be Protestants of the Church of Ireland. George Bennett, Town Clerk, recorded indenture discharges for trades such as felt-making, confirming the establishment's control over trade and religious conformity.

Read the passage

^' Borough of Sligo. — This day James Henery received his Indenture from his Mistress, his Master being dead, and having served six years, was discharged of the other year, having served the said six years honestly to the art and trade of felt-making, and being a Protestant of the Church of Ireland, as established by Law. As witness my hand this 25th day of March, 1718.
" George Bennett, Toicn Clerk.''''

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

Through Sligo, a town where trade and religion were tightly bound. In 1718, James Henery received his indenture back from his mistress, his master being dead, after six honest years in felt-making. The remaining year of seven was discharged, the record noting he was a Protestant of the Church of Ireland, as established by law. George Bennett, Town Clerk, signed it on the 25th of March.

Sligo Borough governed by reformed Town Council under 1842 Act

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1842

From 1842, under the Municipal Reform Act, Sligo was governed by a town council administering local affairs with a local rate of threepence in the pound. The Corporation's revenue never increased beyond its original endowment, unlike other towns that received large land grants.

Read the passage

sidered it to be incumbent on it to interpose ; and from the date of the Municipal Eeform Act, 3 & 4 Vict. c. 108 (1842), Sligo was governed by a town council who administered the local affairs of the borough, enabling the reformed Corporation to levy a local rate of threepence in the pound. This sum, however, even when supplemented by the independent and separate revenue of the body, was found insufficient to make the municipal payments considered necessary by them. Other towns, at various times, had large grants of lands made to them ; but in Sligo the revenue seems never to have increased beyond the original endowment.
Until 1842, tlie only property belonging to the Corporation was about 20 acres of land, called " The Commons," together with a plot of ground, formerly used as a pound for cattle, but now built upon ; and the revenue of these lands, which did not amount to £100 per annum, was applied by the Patron of the borough to the payment of the Provost. Commonages near towns and villages were by no means unusual, and the Irish name, pronounced cutteen, by which they were designated, has (according to Dr. Joyce) bequeathed its name to Ardcotten — the hill of the commonage — near the village of Ballysadare, and in its plural form to Cutteanta, in the parish of Dromard.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 48

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, you're in a town whose local government was reshaped in 1842. Under the Municipal Reform Act of that year, Sligo was governed by a town council that administered the borough's local affairs and could levy a local rate of threepence in the pound. That rate, even with the Corporation's separate revenue, was not enough to cover the payments the council considered necessary. Other towns received large grants of land at various times, but in Sligo the revenue seems never to have increased beyond the original endowment. Before 1842, the only property belonging to the Corporation was about 20 acres of land called the Commons, and a plot once used as a pound for cattle, since built upon. The revenue from these lands did not amount to 100 pounds a year, and it was applied by the Patron of the borough to the payment of the Provost. Commonages near towns were not unusual, and the Irish name for them, pronounced cutteen, gave its name to Ardcotten near Ballysadare.

Sligo County Infirmary: medical relief for the poor

Sligo · town · Sligo

The County Infirmary in Sligo provided a large amount of medical and surgical relief to the poor at comparatively low expense. It was originally supported by voluntary subscriptions in the last century, with the present building's wings added around 1845. Roughly eighty-five per cent of its income came from Grand Jury presentments.

Read the passage

A large amount of medical and surgical relief, at a comparatively low rate of expense, is afforded to the poor in Sligo by the County Infirmary. The cases admitted are, in general, the same class in all essentials as those treated in metropolitan hospitals. The means of support is derived from (1) presentments by the Grand Jury ; (2) subscriptions to qualify as governors of the hospital ; (3) bequests and donations. It may be roughly calculated that eighty- five per cent, of the income is derived from the first source.
No old records of the Infirmary are now extant. It existed in the last century, but was then supported by voluntary subscriptions. The site and materials were sold by the Grand Jury when the new building was erected. Up to 45 George III. it would appear as if infirmaries supported by public rates were only established in certain specified localities. The wings to the present edifice were added about the year 1845.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 77

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo town, the County Infirmary once stood here, giving medical and surgical relief to the poor at comparatively low expense. The cases treated were much the same as those seen in metropolitan hospitals. It existed in the last century, supported then by voluntary subscriptions, though no old records survive. About 85 per cent of its income came from Grand Jury presentments, with the rest from subscriptions, bequests and donations. The Grand Jury sold the old site and materials when the new building went up, and the wings were added around 1845.

Sligo Steam Navigation Company formed 1865

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1865

Messrs. Middleton & Pollexfen ran sailing vessels to Liverpool and Glasgow from 1840 to 1856, then steamers to the same ports from 1856 to 1865. In 1865 the Sligo Steam Navigation Company was formed by the firm.

Read the passage

to Liverpool and Glasgow, and from 1856 to 1865 they ran steamers to the same ports. In the latter year the Sligo Steam Navigation Company was formed by the firm.
In the year 1840 steam communication with Sligo was commenced by the Glasgow and Londonderry — now the Glasgow, Dublin, and Londonderry Steam-Packet Company. At first the service with Glasgow was fortnightly, by a steamer of 150 tons register and of small power. As trade improved a fortnightly service was established to Liverpool, which subsequently increased to a weekly one. In the year 1856 local opposition commenced, which terminated in 1865 in the withdrawal of the Company from the Liverpool trade. At the present time it maintains a bi-weekly service to Glasgow, and a fortnightly one to Ballina and""Westport.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 108

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, this was a busy port town for trade with Britain. From 1840 the firm of Middleton and Pollexfen ran sailing vessels to Liverpool and Glasgow, switching to steamers in 1856. Steam communication with Sligo had begun that same year, the Glasgow and Londonderry company starting a fortnightly service with a steamer of 150 tons and small power. Trade grew enough that the Liverpool run went from fortnightly to weekly. Local opposition began in 1856 and ended in 1865 with the company withdrawing from the Liverpool trade, and that same year the firm formed the Sligo Steam Navigation Company.

Street cleaning rules enforced in Sligo, 1737

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1737

On 14 November 1737 an order was re-enacted requiring householders to sweep the streets to the middle of the crown-causeway opposite their houses and remove all manure at once, on pain of a fine not exceeding 2s. 6d. for each offence.

Read the passage

On 14th November, 1737, the order was again re-enacted : householders " to sweep the streets to the middle of the crowncauseway opposite their houses," all manure put out to be removed at once ; in default, the persons were liable to a fine not exceeding 2.s. 6;/. for each offence.
In 1769 the sum of £77 was laid out in repaii-iug and making good the pavement in the streets, and it was ordered that from that date all householders should at their own expense keep in repair the pavement in front of their residences to the centre of the street.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 103

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, in 1737 the town re-enacted an order about keeping the streets clean. Householders had to sweep the street to the middle of the crown causeway opposite their houses, and remove all manure at once. If they failed, they faced a fine not exceeding 2 shillings and 6 pence for each offence. Later, in 1769, the town spent 77 pounds repairing the pavement and ordered every householder to keep the pavement in front of their own home repaired, at their own expense, right out to the centre of the street.

1831 Sligo election: Cooper and Perceval contest

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1831

On 17th May 1831, Perceval again contested the representation of Sligo. At the close of the poll the numbers were: E. J. Cooper 361, Colonel Alexander Perceval 287, the Hon. General King 191. The successful candidates were chaired round the town with bands playing.

Read the passage

On the 17th May, 1831, Perceval again contested the representation of Sligo, and at the close of the poll the numbers were : E. J. Cooper, 361 ; Colonel Alexander Perceval, 287 ; the Hon. General King, 191. The successful candidates were chaired round the town, with bands playing, and all the displays then usual at the termination of a contested election. " Religious
^ The Observatory : a Monthly Revieio of Astronoiny, volume yn., pp. 283, 329.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 20

As the companion tells it

Sligo here saw a contested election on the 17th of May, 1831. Colonel Alexander Perceval challenged for the representation of the town, but E. J. Cooper topped the poll with 361 votes to Perceval's 287, with the Hon. General King trailing on 191. The winning candidates were chaired through the streets with bands playing and all the usual displays that marked a contested election in those days.

1834 Sligo grain export trade

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1831–1834

In 1834, the export trade of Sligo was the largest in the north-west of Ireland, consisting chiefly of grain. The port exported hundreds of thousands of quarters of oats and saw its wheat exports treble within three years.

Read the passage

" The export trade of Sligo," writes Inglis in 1834, " is the largest in the north-west of Ireland. It consists chiefly of grain.
234 HISTORY OF SLIGO.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 117

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, this was the busiest export port in the north-west of Ireland back in 1834. Inglis wrote that the trade consisted chiefly of grain. The port shipped hundreds of thousands of quarters of oats, and wheat exports trebled between 1831 and 1834.

1877 resolution to serve 'notice to quit' on Corporation tenants

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1877

On 1 August 1877 the Town Council passed a resolution to serve 'notice to quit' on tenants of Corporation property, seeking to re-let the lands at considerably higher rents than those prevailing since 1855.

Read the passage

On the 1st August, 1877, a resolution, seconded by Mr. Kidd, was passed, to the effect "that considering the Corporation property is now worth more than the rent at which it has been set to tenants since 1855, 'notice to quit ' be served on the tenants in proper time, before next gale day, for the purpose of having a re-letting of the property at best rents to be had, which it is believed will be considerably over the rent now being received."
An amusing incident occurred in December, 1850, when the Corporation, through the Town Clerk, summoned one of their tenants on "the Commons," before the Barrister, for committing waste on their property by cutting down a white-thorn hedge. The case was dismissed, as the tenant had in reality improved the fence ; and when leaving the Court, he assured the Bench, that in memory of the trial, he would call his house in the future "The White-thorn." The Town Clerk, in a tone of bitterness, threw after him the suggestion, that he would probably find a more appropriate designation in that of "The Hedge-Hog."

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 48

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Sligo town. In 1877 the Town Council passed a resolution, seconded by a Mr. Kidd, to serve notice to quit on tenants of Corporation property. The rents had been fixed since 1855, and the Council believed the land was now worth considerably more. The idea was to re-let the property at the best rents available before the next gale day. There is an earlier story from December 1850, when the Corporation summoned a tenant on the Commons before the Barrister for cutting down a white-thorn hedge on their property. The case was dismissed, because the tenant had in fact improved the fence. Leaving the court, he promised to call his house The White-thorn in memory of the trial. The Town Clerk, in a tone of bitterness, suggested he would probably find a more appropriate name in The Hedge-Hog.

Arigna coal sold in southern Sligo at 7s. per ton in 1770

Arigna · electoral division · Leitrim · 1770

Coal from the Arigna workings, situated in the mountains on the borders of Lough Allen across Leitrim, Roscommon, and Sligo, was sold in the southern part of County Sligo at 7 shillings per ton in 1770. The coal, though inferior to Scotch or English, was suitable for domestic and manufacturing purposes.

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The northern mountainous district on the confines of Lough Allen, partly in Leitrim, partly in Eoscommon, and forming the celebrated coal and iron district of Arigna, calls for a short notice, although but a comparatively small portion lies immediately within the confines of the County Sligo. A peculiarity of these coal-seams is, that the beds all lie at a considerable elevation in the mountains where their out-crop may be distinctly traced in various places. The coal — though not equal to Scotch or English — is adapted for culinary or mauufactui'ing purposes ; in 1770 coal from these workings was sold in the southern part of the County Sligo, at 7s. per ton.
The first important era in the mining district was the establishment of iron works at Arigna in 1788, but the concern was abandoned in 1808. In consequence of the evidence of Mr. Griffith before a Committee of the House of Commons in 1824, three mining companies made the borders of Lough Allen the scene of revived activity ; several new pits were formed, the largest of which was worked to advantage for a long time, but after various vicissitudes all the undertakings collapsed. Until the works are opened up by railway they cannot prove remunerative, for although no question was entertained relative to the good quality of the iron manufactured, still it was found that owing to want of facilities of transit, neither the pig nor bar iron could be successfully brought into competition in the public markets with the supplies from England, Scotland, and Wales.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 129

Calry Church built and consecrated

Calry · parish · Sligo · 1824

Calry Church was completed in 1824 at a cost of £3,000, partly funded by a £900 grant from the Board of First Fruits. The stone was quarried on the site. It is a plain Gothic building with tower and spire, consecrated in June 1824 by the Bishop of Elphin.

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Calry Church (fig. 26) was completed in the year 1824 at a cost of £3000. On March 1st, 1817, the vestry of the Union of St. John's received a letter from the Bishop of Elphin, recommending the erection of a chapel of ease for the Union, owing to the increase of the Protestant population. This idea, after some debate, was ultimately adopted. The Board of First Fruits gave a free grant of £900 towards the expense of building the church and purchasing a site for it, and a glebe-house. The stone of which the church is built was quarried on the ground ; and this fact, to some extent, may explain the small cost of the erection of this edifice as compared with that of the alterations made in St. John's. Calry Church is a plain Grothic building, with a tower and spire; it was consecrated in June, 1824.^
^ The curates of St John's were: — Edward Nicholson, circa 1700 ; John Palmer, 1761 to 1766; James Armstronge, 1771 to 1800; Edward Coates, 1801 ; H. Hunt, 1820; W. C. Armstronge, 1821 ; Hugh I.Hamilton, 1828 ; Hugh Murray and Gr. Crozier, 1830; J. E. Green, 1835; Gr. Montgomery, 1840; Knox Roman and Andrew Robinson, 1841; Samuel Shone, 1847; Oliver J. Tibeaudo, 1856; Morgan W. Jellett ; John Dowden, 1864; W. A. Day, 1867 ; A. M. Kearney, 1868 ; J. A. French, 1877 ; Frederick Hamilton, 1880 ; Henry Mills, 1882; C. W. Darling, 1886. One of the curates of St. John's became a Koman Catholic Priest, and by a strange coincidence one of the former curates of the Roman Catholic Cathedral became a Protestant.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 67

Carolan's 'Fair-Haired Mary' for Mary MacDermot of Coolavin

Coolavin · electoral division · Sligo

Carolan composed the song 'Fair-Haired Mary' in honour of Mary, daughter of MacDermot, Prince of Coolavin, who was married to Owen O'Rourke living on the shores of Lough Allen.

Read the passage

a fair literary education, and pursued his studies until, in his eigliteentli year, he had the misfortune to be stricken with the smallpox, and entirely lost his eyesight. Previous to this, music had not engaged his attention, but he turned to it as a solace in his misfortune. At the age of twenty-one he began to compose, and his first essays gave such promise of success that he was recommended to direct his talents to composition, rather than endeavour to attain excellence in musical execution. In the " Percy Anecdotes of Imagination " it is related that Carolan, even in his gayest mood, never could compose a planxty (a kind of dance music) for a Miss Brett, of the county Sligo. He was a frequent visitor at her father's house, where he always met with a cordial reception. One day, after an unsuccessful attempt to compose something in a sprightly strain for this lady, he threw aside his harp with a mixture of rage and grief, and addressing himself in Irish to her mother, "Madam," said he, "I have often, from my great regard to your family, attempted a planxty in order to celebrate your daughter's perfections, but to no purpose ; some evil genius hovers over me ; there is not a string in my harp that does not vibrate a melancholy sound when I set about the task. I fear she is not doomed to remain long among us: nay," said he, emphatically, "she will not survive twelve months." The event verified the prediction, and the young lady died within the period limited by the prophetic minstrel. This circumstance gave to Mrs. Hemans the idea evolved in her well-known poem of " Carolan's Prophecy." One of Carolan's songs, " Fair-Haired Mary," was composed in honour of Mary, daughter of MacDermot, Prince of Coolavin, then maiiied to Owen O'Rourke, who lived on the shores of Lough Allen. " A person," relates James Hardiman in his " Irish Minstrelsy," " lately remonstrating with a descendant of this gentleman on his extravagance, amongst other things told him 'he ought to have sense.' 'Sense,' replied the indignant Milesian. ' Know that an O'Rourke scorns to have sense.' "

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 200

Collooney chemical works

Collooney · townland · Sligo

Chemical works were established at Collooney to convert tree thinnings from surrounding demesnes into pyroligneous acid. The works had an ephemeral existence and also produced charcoal as an important byproduct.

Read the passage

The chemical works at Collooney had but an ephemeral existence ; they were erected for the purpose of converting the thinnings of trees from the various surrounding demesnes into pyroligneous acid. The charcoal, left after extraction of the acids from the wood, formed also an important item in the profits.
In the commencement of this century a slate quarry was opened by Mr. Taaffe near Lough Talt, but it proved a failure.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 126

Drumcliff bridge — ancient narrow-arched masonry

near Drumcliff · parish · Sligo

Drumcliff bridge is identified as one of the oldest surviving bridges in County Sligo, distinguished by its narrow arches and style of masonry indicating long existence, though undated.

Read the passage

The oldest bridges now standing in the County are those of Bellarush, near the north end of Lough Arrow, and Drumcliff. No date can be assigned for the building of either, but from their narrow arches and style of masonry, they must have been long in existence. Possibly the bridge at Battlefield, on the old road leading from Ballymote to Boyle, was built about the same time, as well as Ardcree bridge, near Annaghmore.
The present modern bridge at Ballysadare is much higher up the stream than its predecessor ; for the remains of an old bridge — perhaps that erected in 1360 or in 1586 — was discovered when workmen were sinking the foundations for the eel-house, which is situated just over the last fall made by the river before mingling its waters with the tide.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 100

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Drumcliff in Sligo, this is one of the oldest bridges still standing in the county, alongside the one at Bellarush near Lough Arrow. No date can be given for when it was built, but its narrow arches and the style of its masonry show it must have been in existence a long time. That is all the record tells us, nothing more.

Drumcliff parish as mother parish of the Rosses

near Drumcliff · parish · Sligo

The Rosses originally formed part of the extensive parish of Drumcliff and depended on the rector and curate for religious ministrations. During the bathing season, divine worship was conducted in a borrowed farmhouse room.

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Originally, the Rosses having formed part of the very extensive parish of Druracliff, depended for the ministrations of religion on the services of the rector and his curate, by whom (during the bathing season) divine worship was conducted on Sunday afternoon in a room of some farmhouse, lent by the owner for the purpose. At Elsinore, which was then the property of the Cooper family, the visitors to the seaside were invited to attend, and occasionally, clergymen of the diocese, who chanced to be temporarily lodging at the Point, held services, and ministered wherever congregations could be brought together. But the irregularity and inconvenience of these arriingements were keenly felt, when, as happened year by year, the number of Protestant visitors increased. Therefore, with the consent of the Rev. Thomas Crawford, then rector of Drumcliff, it was resolved, that a parochial district should be severed from the mother parish, under what was known as " the Peel Act " of Parliament, and a church built, in which an incumbent should conduct the services of the United Church of England and Ireland, and have spiritual charge of the new parish — the appointment to be placed in the hands of Five Trustees. Appeals for aid towards carrying out this desirable object were accordingly made, and a sufficient amount was raised for the erection of the church now standing at the entrance to the village of Rosses Point, and also for endowment of the incumbency, whenever a nomination thereto could be made. A sum of over £500 was expended in the building and fittings of the church, and £1395 was provided for endowment. The first stone was laid on the 14th August, 1854: the architect was William Dean Butler, and the builder, Henry Caldwell. For some years after 1858, when the building was opened for Divine Service during the summer months, the clei-gy of Drumcliff ofhciated there on Sunday afternoons, and conducted a school for the children of the coastguards and other residents of the district. In 1867 the then rector, feeling himself unable, througli infirmity of age, to keep up the summer service at The Rosses, secured for a short period the aid of the Rev. J'rederick Flood, A.B., Vicar of Ivilmood, in the diocese of Down, who eventually accepted the incumbency of the church, and in August, 1869, he entered on the charge of the parish, in which he still continues to serve.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 113

As the companion tells it

As you travel through this part of Sligo, you are passing through Drumcliff parish, which once stretched far enough to include the Rosses. The Rosses depended on the rector and his curate for all religious ministrations. During the bathing season, Sunday worship was held in a room of a farmhouse, lent by its owner for the purpose. At Elsinore, then the property of the Cooper family, seaside visitors were invited to attend, and clergymen temporarily lodging at the Point held services wherever congregations could be gathered. As the number of Protestant visitors grew year by year, the irregularity of these arrangements was keenly felt. With the consent of the Reverend Thomas Crawford, then rector of Drumcliff, it was resolved to sever a parochial district from the mother parish under the Peel Act and build a church. Over 500 pounds was spent on the building and its fittings, and 1395 pounds was provided for endowment. The first stone was laid on the 14th of August 1854, with William Dean Butler as architect and Henry Caldwell as builder. The church stands at the entrance to the village of Rosses Point. It opened for divine service in 1858, with Drumcliff clergy officiating on Sunday afternoons and running a school for the children of coastguards and other residents. In 1867, the rector, feeling too infirm to continue the summer service, secured the help of the Reverend Frederick Flood, Vicar of Kilmood in the diocese of Down, who accepted the incumbency and took charge in August 1869.

Easky river bridge rebuilt

Easky · town · Sligo · 1877

The bridge over the Easky river was rebuilt at an expense of £700 following the flood damage of 1877.

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In August, 1877, the bridges of Cabragh and Enniscrone were destroyed by a sudden flood, and rebuilt at a cost of £550 ; the bridge over the Easky river has been rebuilt at an expense of £700, and a new bridge over the river Owenbeg — near the village of Billa — was erected at a cost of £500. There is only one iron bridge at present in the county ; during the relief-works of 1880-1881 it was erected over the river Moy, on the new road from Tubbercurry to Sessue. It is 40 ft. clear span, and is composed of two lattice girders, supporting a floor of iron arched-plates covered with asphalt, and surfaced with gravel. There are about 17 tons of iron in it, and with the abutments the total cost was about £550.
203

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 101

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Easky in Sligo, you are crossing a river bridge that was rebuilt at a cost of £700. In August 1877 a sudden flood destroyed bridges at Cabragh and Enniscrone, and the Easky river bridge was rebuilt in that same period of repair. A new bridge over the river Owenbeg near Billa went up at the same time for £500. The flood and the rebuilding were part of a wider effort across the county.

Endowed Schools Commission reports on Sligo schools, 1855

near Drumcliff · parish · Sligo · 1855

The 1855 Endowed Schools Commission gave an unfavourable report on education in the area. Calry and Ballinorley schools were satisfactory; schools with fair attendance existed at Dromard, Drum, Drumcliff, Muninan, Easky, and Killeenduff, the latter founded by Colonel Irwin.

Read the passage

" The Endowed Schools Commission " of 1855 gave an unfavourable report of the manner in which education was conducted. Calry and Ballinorley schools were satisfactory ; at Dromard, Drum, DrumcUff, Muinanean, Easky, and Killeenduff — the latter founded by Colonel Irwin — there were schools with a fair attendance.
Several applications had been from time to time made for the establishment of a " Model School " in Sligo. The Town Council petitioned the Commissioners of National Education on the subject, and finally their request was granted. The building, which consists of a central block and two wings, was not completed until 1862. It is of Italian character ; the windows are circular-headed, and deeply recessed, with moulded jambs. The mason work is of limestone, and the dressings are of Mount-Charles sandstone. The edifice cost about £7000. At the close of the year 1888 the number of boys on the roll of the school was 163 Church of Ireland, 34 Presbyterians, 83 of other denominations, and 16 Roman Catholics, forming a total of 296. The average daily attendance was 158.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 211

As the companion tells it

As you travel through the parish of Drumcliff in Sligo, you are passing through country that the Endowed Schools Commission of 1855 examined. Their report on how education was conducted across the area was unfavourable overall. Calry and Ballinorley schools were satisfactory. At Dromard, Drum, Drumcliff, Muninan, Easky, and Killeenduff there were schools with a fair attendance, the one at Killeenduff founded by Colonel Irwin. There had been repeated applications over the years for a Model School in Sligo itself. The Town Council petitioned the Commissioners of National Education, and the request was eventually granted, though the building was not completed until 1862. It cost about 7000 pounds. By the end of 1888, 296 boys were on the roll, 163 Church of Ireland, 34 Presbyterians, 83 of other denominations, and 16 Roman Catholics, with an average daily attendance of 158.

Famine relief committee formed in Sligo town

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1822

A meeting called by the High Sheriff at the request of local gentlemen appointed parochial committees to manage relief for the poor in Sligo town and union. The town's poor districts were divided into four areas, with gentlemen deputed to visit and give relief on the spot.

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Those parts of the town in which the poor principally resided were divided into four districts, " and gentlemen were deputed to visit tliem purposely to ascertain the extent of distress actually existing, with power to give relief on the spot, to a certain amount, in cases of such urgent distress as would not admit of a few days' delay."
The following are the names of the Committee for Relief of the Distressed Poor in the Town and the Union of St. John's : —

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 33

As the companion tells it

In 1822, a relief committee was formed here in Sligo. The High Sheriff called a meeting at the request of local gentlemen, who set up parochial committees to manage relief for the poor. The town's poorest districts were divided into four areas, and gentlemen were deputed to visit them "to ascertain the extent of distress actually existing," with power to give relief on the spot in urgent cases.

First recorded potato failure in Sligo, 1739

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1739

The first recorded failure of the potato crop in Sligo occurred in 1739. This was an early instance of the recurring crop failures that would later devastate the county's population.

Read the passage

The frequent recurrence of these latter calamities seems to have been to some extent diminished by the introduction iuto the country of the potato, which took place about 1586 to 1588. The potato stayed for a time the almost periodical famines ; but even prior to the commencement of the eighteenth century notices are to be met with of partial blights and disease of that tuber. The first recorded failure of the potato in Sligo occurred

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 31

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, you are travelling through a town where the first recorded failure of the potato crop occurred in 1739. The potato had been introduced to the country around 1586 to 1588 and had held back the near-periodical famines for a time. But partial blights were noticed even before the eighteenth century, and the failure recorded here in Sligo was an early sign of the recurring crop disasters that would later devastate the county's population.

Iceberg-deposited boulders at Kilmorgan churchyard

Kilmorgan · townland · Sligo

Near the old churchyard of Kilmorgan, an immense number of limestone boulders, matching the composition of the Hill of Keash, are scattered over half a square mile. These were likely deposited by icebergs grounding in shallow water.

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evidently derived from it. The direction of the ice-movement, all along the tract ranging from Sligo Bay to Lough Conn, has been determined by numerous observations ( made by the Rev. Maxwell Close and others, both from the striations of rocks and the transport of erratics) to have been towards the north-west. This is well shown by glaciated rounded bosses, called " roches moutonnees," in the deer-park at Markree and in Union Wood; also north of Collooney station, where "crag and tail " are very apparent; the " tail " being ground down by the powerful ice-sheet advancing from the south-east, while the " crag " or bluff, facing in the opposite direction, suffered little from attrition. Travelled blocks of granite or schist from tlie Ox range are scattered over the Carboniferous plain to the north ; of these the stone circles and cromlechs of Carrowmore are formed, and similar boulders are found near the summit of Knocknarea (limestone, 1078 feet). The converse of this is seen south of the eiglith milestone on the road from Sligo to Ballina, where a block of rubbly limestone, weighing about twenty-three tons, rests on a ridge of gneiss some 400 feet above sea-level ; such a boulder must have travelled several miles to reach its present position. Near the old churchyard of Kilmorgan, and scattered more or less thickly over an area of half a square mile are an immense number of boulders of the same kind of rubbly limestone (with bands of " chert ") of which the Hill of Keash, two miles to the south-east, is chiefly composed. They look as if they had been thrown at random in a battle of giants. Ice is the only agency to account for their transport. It did its work, however, not in the form of a glacier, but through means of icebergs that grounded and dropped their burdens in shallow water hereabouts. Huge granite boulders from the Slieve Gamph Hills are found on the high ground south of Lough Talt, some of which weigh over 100 tons each, and have, perhaps, a couple of feet of peat and heather on the top. In the low ground about here are rarely found any but small erratics, similar to the underlying Carboniferous strata. Striae, and " roches moutonnees " also agree in indicating a north-west ice-flow.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 134

Improving country on Ballina–Sligo road

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1834

In 1834 Inglis observed that the road between Ballina and Sligo showed proof of an improving country, with evidence of recent triumphs over bog and mountain land on every side.

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the other hand, the same traveller remarks that the greater part of the road between Ballina and Sligo " is interesting only as exhibiting proof of an improving country. . . . Everywhere in the neighbourhood proofs are seen of recent triumphs obtained over bog and mountain land ; looking on every side, one would say this is an improving country."
M'Parlan, who drew up a slight survey of the county, describes the farms as varying in size from three acres to five hundred, the poorest classes having very small holdings, sometimes even less than three acres, and a great number of tenants held wide tracts of land in partnership ; in rough mountainous districts the land was seldom let by the acre, but by the bulk.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 145

As the companion tells it

As you travel this road between Ballina and Sligo, in 1834 a traveller named Inglis found it interesting mainly for what it showed of an improving country. He saw, on every side, what he called recent triumphs obtained over bog and mountain land. M'Parlan, who surveyed the county, described farms ranging from 3 acres to 500, with the poorest holding less than 3. Many tenants shared wide tracts in partnership, and in rough mountain districts land was seldom let by the acre but by the bulk.

Inglis on evergreens and timber around Sligo

Sligo · town · Sligo

The traveller Inglis described the environs of Sligo as having finer evergreens than any he had seen in southern counties, with laurels, bays, and arbutus giving scenery colouring rivaling Killarney. He also praised the magnificent ash, oak, elm, and lime trees in the area.

Read the passage

Evergreens flourished in tlie county, probably owing to the moisture of the climate, and the comparative mildness of the winters. Inglis, describing the environs of Sligo, says : — *' Finer evergreens I never saw in the most southern counties ; the laurels and bays grown into great trees rivalled, if they did not surpass, those of Woodstock or Curraghmore ; and here again I found the arbutus' . . . giving to the scenery all that advantage of colouring which is the boast of Killarney. Tlie timber too ... is equal to almost any I have seen ; and I often found myself pausing before some magnificent ash, oak, elm, or lime, throwing its deep shade across the green amphitheatre which it seemed to have made for itself."
Ordinary garden fruit was grown in Sligo, but ripened later than on the eastern coast. The " Crofton apple " or " Longford pearmain " was the best keeping, and the most popular eating apple in every part of Ireland, the original trees having come, it is said, from America. Old leases rendered it obligatory on tenants to enclose an orchard, and plant a certain number of trees.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 142

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, the green around you drew praise from a traveller called Inglis. He wrote that finer evergreens he never saw in the most southern counties, with laurels and bays grown into great trees that rivalled those of Woodstock or Curraghmore, and the arbutus giving the scenery all that advantage of colouring which is the boast of Killarney. The timber too impressed him. He said it was equal to almost any he had seen, and he often found himself pausing before some magnificent ash, oak, elm, or lime, throwing its deep shade across the green amphitheatre which it seemed to have made for itself. The evergreens flourished here, probably owing to the moisture of the climate and the comparative mildness of the winters. Ordinary garden fruit was grown in Sligo too, though it ripened later than on the eastern coast. The Crofton apple or Longford pearmain was the best keeping and most popular eating apple in every part of Ireland, the original trees having come, it was said, from America. Old leases even made it obligatory on tenants to enclose an orchard and plant a certain number of trees.

Killaspugbrone old church repaired and graveyard walled

Killaspugbrone · townland · Sligo · 1811–1832

The old church of Killaspugbrone was repaired by the vestry of St. John's in 1811, and in 1814 the graveyard was enclosed with a wall. The neighbouring Roman Catholic chapel's rebuilding expenses were partly defrayed by a voluntary church rate recommended in 1832.

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In 1811 the old church of Killaspugbrone was repaired by the vestry of St. John's, and in 1814 the graveyard was enclosed with a wall. The expense of erecting the neighbouring Roman Catholic chapel was in great part defrayed by a church rate, for at an adjourned vestry meeting of the Union of St. John's, held 29th May, 1832, it was resolved—
"That although at the Vestry it cannot be legally imposed as a parish rate, yet that it is recommended to the several cess-payers of the Union to contribute at the rate of twopence per acre on the land, and one halfpenny per pound sterling on the value of the houses in Sligo, as a sum of money to be applied in assisting the expense of rebuilding the Roman Catholic chapel of Wrensborough, in the parish of Killaspugbrone, and the churchwardens are hereby requested to direct the collector to receive a separate collection accordingly, to be appropriated by them for such purpose.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 69

As the companion tells it

Close to Killaspugbrone, there's an old church that was repaired in 1811 by the vestry of St. John's. The graveyard around it was enclosed with a wall in 1814. The neighbouring Roman Catholic chapel, called Wrensborough, had been rebuilt, and the cost was in great part defrayed by a voluntary church rate. At a vestry meeting of the Union of St. John's held on the 29th of May, 1832, it was resolved that although it could not be legally imposed as a parish rate, they recommended the cess-payers contribute at the rate of twopence per acre on land and a halfpenny per pound on the value of houses in Sligo, to assist the rebuilding of that chapel.

Kilsellagh and Doonally water proposed as new Sligo supply

Kilsellagh · townland · Sligo

Analysis confirmed water from Kilsellagh and Doonally was very good, in contrast to the contaminated town wells. This supported the Corporation's case before the House of Commons for a new piped water supply to Sligo.

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The substances included by Mr. Bamber in inorganic matter were, carbonate of lime, sulphate of lime, carbonate and sulphate of magnesia, common salt, &c. ; the substances included in organic and other volatile matter were, vegetable and animal matter, ammonia, and some of the nitrates. The Albert-street and Lungy pumps were pronounced unfit for use, from hardness and organic matter, &c. ; Pound-street pump was recommended to be immediately closed. Greorge's-street pump was as bad, whilst three samples from other wells were not even analyzed, " as their appearance self-condemned them " ; Kilsellagh and Doonally water was stated to be very good.
According to the Sligo Borough Improvement Bill of 1869, the Corporation were authorized to borrow £25,000 for the purpose of constructing waterworks ; and on September 1st of that year, were taken the first steps towards raising the money necessary for carrying out the scheme : the eJBPort, however, collapsed, and after a general meeting of the ratepayers had decided against proceeding with the waterworks, the matter although then set aside, was, nevertheless, from time to time,

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 93

Limestone cliffs south of Kinlough

Kinlough · town · Leitrim

Similar limestone cliffs to those on the Benbulben range are found on the mountains south of Kinlough, though the rare alpine plant species can mostly be gathered on the range west of the Glenade Valley.

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not descend gradually into tbe valleys, but are surrounded by cliffs varying in height from 30 to 500 feet. These cliffs extend all round the range to the west of Glenade, and it is only in one or two places that the mountains' slope is free from this limestone barrier. There are similar cliffs on the mountains south of Kinlough, but all the rare species can be gathered on the range lying to the west of the Glenade Valley, though they are not all coniined to it. The mean height of the edge of the cliffs may be taken at 1600 feet; they are composed of loose limestone readily detached, and, as this affords a poor security, either for the hand or foot, they are dangerous to climb. The cliffs are everywhere separated from the fields and valleys below by a steep slope of talus or debris extending downwards at an angle varying from 40 to 50 degrees. This slope is frequently 800 feet in vertical height (sometimes more) ; and the cliff can only be examincid in many places by walking along a narrow track made by the sheep where the talus meets the face of the precipice. Nowhere in Ireland is there such an extent of similar cliffs. The top of the talus varies from 900 to 1200 feet above the sea level."
This Paper affords full particulars of all tlie plants found by the writers themselves or noted by Mr. Corry ; it must be referred to for details.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 150

Lough Gill soundings of 1880

near Lough Gill · lake or lakes · Kerry · 1880

In 1880, E. T. Hardman of the Geological Survey took soundings in Lough Gill, finding depths of up to 116 feet. The lake sits in a rock basin with surplus water escaping over horizontal limestone beds.

Read the passage

The surface of Lougli Gill is but twenty feet above higbwater mark, and the depth is considerable. In the year 1880 soundings in the lake were taken by the late E. T. Hardman, of the Geological Survey, with the following results : — The principal section ran along the centre of the lake from end to end, commencing at the exit of the Eiver Garvogue (fig. 45), passing by the south shore of Church Island, and continuing on to Shriff Bay. The depths along this line were in some places considerable ; between Cottage Island and Church Island 65 feet ; one mile from the latter island 96 feet ; a little further on, eastward, it was 97 feet ; other depths were 99, 105, and 116 feet, the last being the greatest yet found, and this lay a little more than a mile from the east end of Church Island and one mile three-quarters from the east end of the lake ; from this on to the termination of the section at Shriff, the lake sliallowed again. The other section showed 63 feet at thirty yards from the shore, increasing to 88 and 103 feet — the latter depth being found half a mile east of Goat Island, directly opposite to Bunowna Bay ; from Church Island to Holywell, and from thence to Wolf Island, near the Garvogue Eiver, the greatest depths were 34 and 41 feet respectively (see fig. 45), At the time these soundings were taken the water was exceptionally low — at least 10 feet below the ordinary winter level — so that it would be necessary to add 5 feet to the above figures in order to obtain the average depth. The waters of Lough Gill are retained practically in a rock basin, and the surplus water escapes over beds of limestone lying in a nearly horizontal position.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

This is Lough Gill, the lake you're passing near. In 1880 a man called E. T. Hardman, of the Geological Survey, took soundings right along the centre of the lake, from the exit of the River Garvogue past Church Island out to Shriff Bay. He found serious depths. Between Cottage Island and Church Island the bottom dropped to 65 feet, and further along he recorded 96, 97, 99 and 105 feet. The deepest point he found was 116 feet, a little over a mile from the east end of Church Island. A second section showed 103 feet half a mile east of Goat Island. The water was exceptionally low when he did the work, at least 10 feet below the ordinary winter level, so he reckoned you would need to add 5 feet to his figures for the true average depth. The lake sits in a rock basin, and the surplus water escapes over beds of limestone lying nearly flat.

Lough Talt trout quality varies by shore

near Lough Talt · lake or lakes · Sligo

Trout on one side of Lough Talt were considered poor due to large heads, while those on the opposite shore were of excellent shape, size, and flavour. The difference was attributed to the feeding ground, with gravelly bottom at one end and soft peat at the other.

Read the passage

At one side of Lough Talt the trout are not considered good, the head being large, whilst those on the opposite shore of the lake are of excellent shape, size, and flavour. This is supposed to be produced by the feeding ground at the two extremities of tliis sheet of water causing a slight difference in the taste, as well as growth, of the fish ; at one end the lake bottom is gravelly, but at the other is soft peat. In some lakes the trout are supposed to be blind. Lough Nabrackkeagh (the lake of the blind trout), in the townland of Castlecarragh, parish of Kilmacteigue, was doubtless so named in accordance with this belief. Beranger, in his tour through Sligo in the last century, recounts of the Castle of Hosslee — which is situated near Portland — a story common to many abbeys, monasteries, and castles in Ireland. Beranger's words are : — " Tradition has banded down a peculiar anecdote of the proprietor of this castle, who must have been a great epicure in fish. The castle stands on the sea-shore, and next to it runs a rivulet, much frequented by salmon ; in this rivulet the proprietor had contrived to build a trap, tlie door of which liad a wire communicating with a bell in the kitchen of the castle. As soon as a salmon entered the trap, the bell rang, and the servants went immediately, fetched the salmon, and dressed it for their master."
In the eighteenth century Irishmen (whether of Celtic or Saxon race) loved music and poetry ; this taste, no doubt, was

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 199

Mullaghmore and Ballinful rainfall contrast

Mullaghmore · town · Sligo · 1880–1890

Rainfall stations at Mullaghmore on the north coast and Ballinful, lying between Mullaghmore and Markree, showed markedly different averages despite proximity. Mullaghmore's fall was similar to Markree's, while Ballinful recorded about ten inches less.

Read the passage

" At Doo Castle in the south, the fall is near the mean between the extremes. At Markree and Mount Shannon, near together, and both in the centre of the county, the falls are high and agree very closely. In the extreme north at Mullaghmore the full is very similar, but at Ballinful, between the two, the amount is ten inches less.
"All the stations are in the cast of the county, and it does not appear that a record has ever been kept in the western and more hilly half, where there is every reason to suppose that the fall would be greater."

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 262

As the companion tells it

Up here at Mullaghmore on the north coast, rainfall records were kept in the 1880s, and the figures tell a curious story. Mullaghmore's rainfall was very similar to Markree's, both high. But at Ballinful, which lies between Mullaghmore and Markree, the recorded fall was about 10 inches less, despite being so close. All these stations were in the east of the county. No record was ever kept in the western, more hilly half, where the fall would likely have been greater still.

Mullaghmore Head roadstead and harbour

Mullaghmore · town · Sligo

Mullaghmore Head, nearly 200 feet in height, has a roadstead and harbour on its south-east side where vessels drawing ten feet may enter at high tide with westerly gales. However, it is subject to a dangerous ground-swell and the sea breaks over the shallow anchorage outside.

Read the passage

ing craft and small coasting vessels may lie in perfect security. EiOsskeeragh is a low rocky point that juts out from the sandy shore, and next to it is MuUaghmore Head, nearly 200 feet in height. The roadstead and harbour are on the south-east side of this promontory, but although with westerly gales vessels drawing ten feet of water may enter at high tide, yet it is subject to a dangerous ground-swell, and the sea breaks all over the shallow anchorage outside.
Sligo Bay comprehends the deep bight between Lenadoon on the west and Ballyconnel Point on the east : at tte head of this bight are the three inlets of Ballysadare, Sligo, and Drumcliff. The south, or Tireragh shore is low and rocky, rising, however, in the interior to an elevation, in some places, of nearly 2000 feet. From Lenadoon eastward to Cooanmore Point is a distance of four miles, and the little inlet lying between it and Aughris Head is called Dromore Bay ; here, on the eastern side, there is a sandy bottom, affording good anchorage when the wind is off the shore, and outside, is Pollnadivna Ledge, a dangerous rocky shoal. Aughris Head forms a conspicuous landmark ; on its east side there is a small bay which affords shelter to fishing craft during off-shore winds.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 110

As the companion tells it

As you come through Mullaghmore in Sligo, the head here rises nearly 200 feet, with its roadstead and harbour on the south-east side. Fishing craft and small coasting vessels can lie there in perfect security, and with westerly gales, vessels drawing 10 feet of water may enter at high tide. But it is subject to a dangerous ground-swell, and the sea breaks all over the shallow anchorage outside.

National Bank run defeated in Sligo, 1840

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1840

The National Bank opened a branch in Sligo. In November 1840 a run was made on it which was defeated, but shortly afterwards the branch was withdrawn from the town.

Read the passage

The National Bank also opened a branch in Sligo. In November, 1840, there was a run on it which was defeated, but shortly afterwards the branch was withdrawn.
The Bank of Ireland (created circa 1783) had a complete monopoly of banking business for nearly forty years. According to its charter, no one individual was permitted to possess in it more than £10,000 in shares, and amongst the seven subscribers who alone contributed the maximum amount appears the name of the Bight Hon, Joshua Cooper. The Bank of Ireland first issued " dollars " marked " Bank Token ; " then bank tokens were issued by the Treasury to the Bank of Ireland; they were of silver, value for 5f/., lOcl., and 30f/., to answer as change for £1, twenty-four 10^/. tokens being fractionally less than twenty shillings. The copper coins consisted of pence, half-pence, and farthings, 13c?. being equal to Is. British.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 89

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, this is the town where the National Bank opened a branch in 1840. That November, depositors panicked and made a run on the bank, but the run was defeated. Despite surviving that crisis, the branch was withdrawn from Sligo shortly afterwards.

New Sligo–Ballina road via Tanrego and Dromore West

Dromore West · population centre · Sligo · 1810–1815

The most important road built in later times led from Sligo to Ballina, with the new portion leaving the old line at Tanrego and taking a direct course to Dromore West through the bogs. It was about 27 miles long and was made approximately eighty years before the book's writing.

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The most important road made in later times is that leading from Sligo to Ballina ; the new portion of this, left the old line at Tanrego, taking a direct course to Dromore West, and thence through the bogs to Ballina : it is about 27 miles in length, and was made about eighty years ago.
The old road from Sligo to Ballyfarnon turned off from the Slieve-da-en road to Boyle, in the neighbourhood of Rusheen, and passed down by Eockbrook, St, James's Well, and along the foot of the mountains, through Tullymore to Geevagh, and Foyoges to Ballyfarnon. This road has been now for a long time unused ; the present line was probably made about 1820.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 100

As the companion tells it

You're passing through Dromore West on this road. The most important road built in later times led from Sligo to Ballina. The new portion left the old line at Tanrego and took a direct course to Dromore West, then through the bogs to Ballina. It was about 27 miles long, made around 1810 to 1815.

Outdoor relief and destitution in Sligo Union districts, 1879–80

Lissadell · street · Cork · 1879–1880

Over 500 persons in the Sligo Union received outdoor relief costing £1300 per annum. The Lissadell West and Magherowe districts were in a sad state of destitution, and large tracts in Tireragh were equally afflicted. In spring 1880 the distress became severe and widespread across County Sligo.

Read the passage

There were in the Sligo Union over 500 persons, including children, in receipt of outdoor relief, costing at the rate of £1300 per annum.
The Lissadell West and Magherowe districts were in a sad state of destitution, and large tracts in Tireragh were in the same condition. At this critical juncture the Duchess of

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 40

Presbyterian Church in Sligo first recorded, 1655

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1655

The Presbyterian Church in Sligo is first mentioned in a 1655 Dublin Castle manuscript listing the Civil Establishment of the Commonwealth for Ireland, which granted £100 per annum to minister John Wilkinson for Sligo, then included in the ecclesiastical Precinct of Galway.

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Commonwealth for Ireland, 1G55," where amongst the allowances granted to ministers, there is one of £100 per annum to John "Wilkinson, for Sligo, which was then included in the ecclesiastical " Precinct of Galvvay."
The first Presbyterian minister of whom there is anything very definite known, was the Rev. Samuel Henry, who came from the Presbytery of Edinburgh in October, 1694, and in May, 1695, was ordained to the joint cliarge of " Sligo and Moywater," i.e. Ballina. In July, 1698, " Moy water " was separated from Sligo, which then became a distinct congregation under his charge. He resigned in 1728. The next minister of whom there exists any record was the Rev. L. Asli (son of Capt. Ash, one of the defenders of Derry), who had received his college education in Edinburgh. The Presbytery of Letterkenny, which in 1717 was put in charge of the district, ordained him to the pastoral charge of the Sligo congregation in 1732. He died in 1742, and was succeeded by the Rev. H. Nesbitt, ordained by the Presbytery of Letterkenny, May 3, 1756. In 1760 Ballymote was joined to Sligo. The Rev. H. Nesbitt died in 1778 ; his successor was the Rev. Joseph King, ordained by the Presbytery of Clogher, August 4, 1784 ; he resigned the charge, and was succeeded the same year by the Rev. Booth Caldwell, who died October 24th, 1810. The Rev. Jacob Scott was ordained to the joint charge of Sligo and Ballymote, March 19th, 1811.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 69

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, the Presbyterian story here goes back to 1655, when a Dublin Castle manuscript listing the Civil Establishment of the Commonwealth for Ireland granted £100 per annum to a minister named John Wilkinson, for Sligo, which was then part of the ecclesiastical Precinct of Galway. The first minister of whom anything definite is known was the Reverend Samuel Henry, who came from the Presbytery of Edinburgh in October 1694 and was ordained in May 1695 to the joint charge of Sligo and Moywater, meaning Ballina. In July 1698 Moywater was separated and Sligo became a distinct congregation under his care. He resigned in 1728. The next recorded minister was the Reverend L. Ash, son of Captain Ash, one of the defenders of Derry, educated in Edinburgh. The Presbytery of Letterkenny, which took charge of the district in 1717, ordained him to the Sligo congregation in 1732. He died in 1742 and was succeeded by the Reverend H. Nesbitt, ordained by the Presbytery of Letterkenny on May 3, 1756. In 1760 Ballymote was joined to Sligo. Nesbitt died in 1778. The Reverend Joseph King was ordained by the Presbytery of Clogher on August 4, 1784, resigned that same year, and was succeeded by the Reverend Booth Caldwell, who died October 24, 1810. The Reverend Jacob Scott was then ordained to the joint charge of Sligo and Ballymote on March 19, 1811.

Provincial Bank, first bank of issue, opens in Sligo, 1825

Stephen Street · street · Sligo · 1825–1826

The Provincial Bank opened as the first Bank of issue in Sligo on 14th November 1825, with temporary business transferred to a house in Stephen Street. Local directors included O. Wynne, William Faussett, and others. The official opening took place on 20th February 1826.

Read the passage

The Provincial Bank, the first Bank of issue established in Sligo, was opened 14th November, 1825, and the temporary business previously conducted in the locality was transferred to a house in Stephen-street, the following gentlemen being appointed local directors ; — 0. "Wynne ; William Faussett,
Amount Deposited.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 88

As the companion tells it

Along here on Stephen Street, the Provincial Bank opened on 14 November 1825, the first bank of issue in Sligo. It moved its business into a house on this street. The official opening followed on 20 February 1826, with David Webster as its first manager.

River Moy bar and Ballina quay navigation

Ballina · townland · Mayo

The bar at the entrance of the River Moy has only three feet of water at low tide and is considered dangerous due to heavy swell and quicksand shoals. Two perches on West Bartragh sandhills mark the deepest water, and a commodious quay lies about two miles below Ballina, though vessels are aground at low water.

Read the passage

LIGO is the only harbour of any account on that portion of the north-west coast here described. At the entrance of the River Moy there is a bar, having at low water a depth of but three feet ; and on account of the heavy swell which usually rolls in, and the quicksand nature of the shoals, it is reputed to be dangerous. Two perches that are erected on West Bartragh sandhills, when brought into line, mark the greatest depth of water over the bar ; from this the navigation is marked by buoys, and at a place called Plott, about four miles from the entrance, the channel becomes very shallow, with not more than two feet at low water. The quay, which lies about two miles below Ballina is commodious, but vessels are aground at low water.
Northward in Donegal Bay lies the Island of Inismurray : it has dangerous outlying rocks ; its eastern end terminating in a stony spit, which projects to a distance of three-quarters of a mile, the sea breaking over it in heavy weather. Between Inismurray and the mainland there is a clear passage, but a reef, called Cloonagh Bar, extends from Ballyconnel Point in a direction parallel to the shore for about four miles ; in stormy weather it presents an appalling spectacle, for the sea breaks along the entire line of the shoal.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 109

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, the River Moy meets the sea over a dangerous bar. At low water there is only 3 feet of depth, and the swell that rolls in over quicksand shoals made the passage feared. Two perches on the West Bartragh sandhills, when brought into line, mark the deepest water over the bar, and from there the channel is marked by buoys. About 4 miles from the entrance, at a place called Plott, the channel becomes very shallow with not more than 2 feet at low water. The quay, about 2 miles below Ballina, is commodious, but vessels lie aground at low water.

Royal Commission investigated Sligo corporation abuses, 1833

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1833

In consequence of abuses and defective administration in the local government of corporate towns across the United Kingdom, the Crown issued Royal Commissions in 1833, acceding to an address from both Houses of Parliament. The reports from these commissions led to parliamentary action reforming corporate governance.

Read the passage

The Reform Bill of 1832 threw open the Parliamentary representation of the borough to a considerable electorate. Until the passing of that Imperial Act, the head for the time being of the Wynne family had, from the year 1723, represented, in his own person, the Corporation, and also the electors of Sligo, both for Parliamentary and local pui'poses. In consequence of the abuses and defective administration connected with the local government of all corporate towns in the United Kingdom, the Crown, in 1833, acceding to an address from both Houses of Parliament, issued Eoj^al Commissions, and in consequence of the reports from these bodies. Parliament con-

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 47

As the companion tells it

Sligo is coming up along the road. In 1833 the Crown issued Royal Commissions to investigate abuses and defective administration in the local government of corporate towns across the United Kingdom, after both Houses of Parliament pressed for it. Sligo fell under that inquiry. Until the Reform Bill of 1832 opened the borough's parliamentary representation to a wider electorate, the head of the Wynne family had held the seat in his own person from 1723, controlling the Corporation and the electors for both parliamentary and local purposes. The commission reports led Parliament to act, reforming how these towns were governed.

Sligo Borough Improvement Bill drafted and debated, 1867

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1867

A bill for the improvement of the Borough of Sligo was drafted by solicitors Kernaghan and Saunders and presented to the Town Council. After animated debates, the Council decided on 13 November 1867 to proceed with the Bill, which would remodel the constitution of the Town and Harbour Commissioners.

Read the passage

From the commencement of their existence the Town Coun(;il had been dissatisfied with their limited power in regard to taxation and otherwise, and efforts were from time to time made to expand their authority. On the 5th March, 1855, the Council resolved that "tlie boundaries of this Borough for the purpose of the ' Town's Improvement Act, 1854,' be extended to the existing Parliamentary boundaries, " and preliminary steps were taken to have the Act brought into force. In June application was made to the Lord Lieutenant for his consent, which after some deliberation was refused on account of the increased area sought to be included — solely for the purpose of extra taxation ; and several attempts that were made to resuscitate the scheme failed, A few of the Town Councillors resolved not to let drop the subject of extending the powers of the Corporation. The West Ward was contested by their nominees and seats were secured on the Town Council, "A bill for the Improvement of the Borough of Sligo " was drafted by Messrs, Kernagliau and Saunders, by instructions from some members of the Corporation in their private capacity, and it was suddenly presented to a meeting of the Town Council ; very animated debates ensued, and at a meeting held 13th November, 1867, it was finally decided to proceed with the Bill, after some changes had been made in the draft. The Corporation seal was affixed to it in December, but it was not till May of the following year that Messrs, Kernaghan and Saunders were formally appointed solicitors for the passing of the Bill. As this proposed legislation would remodel and otherwise change the constitution of the Town and Harbour Commissioners, comparatively few of that body were in favour of it.
On hearing, before a Committee of the House of Commons in 1867, the preamble was by tliem declared not proved ; they judged it then to be — what it really was — a mere legal speculation. In the following year, 1868, it was again introduced and

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

As you pass through the town of Sligo, this is the place where a battle over municipal power played out in 1867. The Town Council had long chafed at their limited authority over taxation. Back in 1855 they tried to extend the borough boundaries to match the parliamentary ones under the Town's Improvement Act, but the Lord Lieutenant refused consent because the move was aimed purely at raising extra taxes. A group of councillors would not let the matter drop. They contested the West Ward, got their nominees elected, and had solicitors Kernaghan and Saunders draft a bill for the improvement of the Borough of Sligo. It was suddenly presented to a meeting of the Town Council and sparked very animated debates. On 13 November 1867 the Council decided to proceed with the Bill after some changes to the draft, and the Corporation seal was affixed in December. The Bill would have remodelled the constitution of the Town and Harbour Commissioners, and comparatively few of that body supported it. When it reached a Committee of the House of Commons, the preamble was declared not proved. They judged it to be, what it really was, "a mere legal speculation." It was reintroduced the following year, 1868.

Sligo Borough Trade Registration and Quarterage By-Law

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1731–1732

In 1731 and 1732, Provost Owen Wynne enacted stringent by-laws requiring all traders in the Borough of Sligo to register their names, agree to pay quarterage, and provide security for good behaviour. Foreigners had to produce certificates before being licensed, and neglecting to comply meant shops were shut.

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^^ Borough of Sligo, — At a Court held for the said Borough by Owen Wynne, Esq., Provost, July 18th, 1732. Ordered by the Provost of the said Borough, pursuant to the By-Law made by tlie Provost and Free Burgesses of the said Borough, the 24th day of June, 1731 : That all persons, inhabiting in the Town of Sligo, exercising any trade, art, or mystery in the said Borough, ail sellers, or any other occupation, shall forthwith enter their names upon record before Laurence Vernon, Recorder of the said Borough, and agree with him for quarterage, giving security for tlieir good behaviour in the said Borough, and in the sum of three pounds six shillings and eight pence to indemnify the said Borough. And that all foreigners shall produce certificates, from whence they come, before they are licensed to follow any trade or business in the said Corporation.
" Owen "Wynne, Provost.''^

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Sligo, you are in a town where, in 1731 and 1732, Provost Owen Wynne cracked down hard on anyone trading within the borough. A by-law made by the Provost and Free Burgesses on the 24th of June, 1731, required every person exercising any trade, art, or mystery, all sellers, or any other occupation, to enter their names upon record before Laurence Vernon, the Recorder, and agree with him for quarterage. They had to give security for their good behaviour, in the sum of three pounds six shillings and eight pence, to indemnify the borough. Foreigners had to produce certificates showing where they came from before they could be licensed to follow any trade or business. The summary notes that neglecting to comply meant shops were shut.

Sligo Militia annual training under canvas at Rosses Point

Rosses Point · town · Sligo

Due to insufficient barrack accommodation in Sligo town, the County Sligo Militia carried out their annual training under canvas at Rosses Point, about four miles distant. The artillery brigade was styled the 'Duke of Connaught's Own Sligo Artillery.'

Read the passage

formed into an Artillery Brigade, the officers being allowed no compensation for the change of uniform. At that period it was styled " 8th Brigade (Duke of Connaught's Own) North- Irish Division, R.A." Its present designation is "The Duke of Connaught's Own Sligo Artillery, South Division, E.A." The want of sufficient Barrack accommodation in the town causes the Militia now to go through their course of annual training under canvas at Rosses' Point — four miles distant.
Appendix C contains a list of Officers of the Oo. Sligo Regiment, showing the rank last held by each, from the year 1793 to 1890.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 17

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Rosses Point, you're near where the County Sligo Militia once pitched camp each year. There wasn't enough barrack space back in Sligo town, so the militia carried out their annual training under canvas here, about four miles from the barracks. They'd been formed into an artillery brigade, and the officers received no compensation for the change of uniform. At one period the unit was styled the 8th Brigade, Duke of Connaught's Own, North-Irish Division. Its later designation was the Duke of Connaught's Own Sligo Artillery, South Division. The record also notes a list of officers of the County Sligo Regiment running from 1793 to 1890.

Sligo Town Council Repealers pledge bloc voting, 1845

Sligo · town · Sligo · 1845

At a meeting of the Repeal Association in Dublin on 24 November 1845, O'Connell read a communication from the Repeal members of the Sligo Town Council. They pledged to determine all Corporation and Borough questions by the majority of Repealers, without reference to the Tory party.

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At a meeting of the Repeal Association held in Dublin on the 24th November, 1845, O'Connell read a communication from the " Repeal " members of the Town Council of Sligo, by which they pledged " themselves, one and all, on good faith and honour, that in future every question arising in the Corporation and Borough should be determined on and acted on by the decision of the majority of the Repealers without any reference to, or deriving any assistance from, the Non-Repeal or Tory party."
On the 4th August, 1847, John Patrick Somers was again returned as member for the borough, but in 1848 he was unseated on petition ; and in April there was a new election, his

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 26

As the companion tells it

As the road carries you through Sligo town, there is a piece of political history from 1845. At a meeting of the Repeal Association in Dublin on 24 November that year, O'Connell read a communication from the Repeal members of the Sligo Town Council. They pledged themselves, on good faith and honour, that every question arising in the Corporation and Borough would be determined by the majority of Repealers, without any reference to or assistance from the Tory party.

Tree nurseries at Oakfield and Ballintivnan, 1797

Ballytivnan · townland · Sligo · 1797

In 1797 there were two tree nurseries in Sligo, one near Oakfield and the other at Ballintivnan, and the sale of trees from them was considerable. This reflects early efforts at afforestation in a county where tree cover was limited by thin soil and westerly winds.

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thinness of the soil, also to the prevalence of westerly winds, and the want of copsing. In 1797, there were in Sligo two nurseries for trees, one situated near Oakfield, the other at Balljtivnan ; the sale was considerable.
Evergreens flourished in tlie county, probably owing to the moisture of the climate, and the comparative mildness of the winters. Inglis, describing the environs of Sligo, says : — *' Finer evergreens I never saw in the most southern counties ; the laurels and bays grown into great trees rivalled, if they did not surpass, those of Woodstock or Curraghmore ; and here again I found the arbutus' . . . giving to the scenery all that advantage of colouring which is the boast of Killarney. Tlie timber too ... is equal to almost any I have seen ; and I often found myself pausing before some magnificent ash, oak, elm, or lime, throwing its deep shade across the green amphitheatre which it seemed to have made for itself."

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 142

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, in 1797, there were two tree nurseries in Sligo, one near Oakfield and the other close to Ballytivnan, and the sale of trees from them was considerable. Tree cover in the county had always been held back by thin soil and westerly winds, so these nurseries were part of an early effort to put down more roots. Evergreens did well, probably because of the moist climate and the mild winters. A writer named Inglis described the environs of Sligo and said, "Finer evergreens I never saw in the most southern counties," with laurels and bays grown into great trees. He also paused before magnificent ash, oak, elm and lime trees throwing deep shade across the green. So despite the poor soil, the land could still grow something worth stopping for.

William Dorran drowned crossing to Coney Island, 1823

Inishmulclohy or Coney Island · townland · Sligo · 1823

William Dorran, proprietor of Coney Island (sometimes called Dorran's Island), was drowned while crossing over to his house on the island on 9 March 1823. The island was informally known by his name during his ownership.

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' A Mr. "William Dorran, the then proprietor of the island — hence it was sometimes styled Dorran's Island — was drowned whilst crossing over to his house, on the 9th March, 1823.

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 193

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, a man named William Dorran lost his life in 1823. He was the proprietor of Coney Island, and people sometimes called it Dorran's Island after him. On the 9th of March that year, he was drowned while crossing over to his house on the island.

Wrensborough Catholic chapel rebuilding funded by vestry rate, 1832

Killaspugbrone · townland · Sligo · 1832

At an adjourned vestry meeting of the Union of St. John's on 29 May 1832, it was resolved to recommend cess-payers contribute toward rebuilding the Roman Catholic chapel of Wrensborough in the parish of Killaspugbrone. The rector Charles Hamilton and churchwarden John Martin signed the resolution.

Read the passage

"That although at the Vestry it cannot be legally imposed as a parish rate, yet that it is recommended to the several cess-payers of the Union to contribute at the rate of twopence per acre on the land, and one halfpenny per pound sterling on the value of the houses in Sligo, as a sum of money to be applied in assisting the expense of rebuilding the Roman Catholic chapel of Wrensborough, in the parish of Killaspugbrone, and the churchwardens are hereby requested to direct the collector to receive a separate collection accordingly, to be appropriated by them for such purpose.
" Chaeles Hamiltox, Rector. " Jonx Martin, Churchwarden.''^

Internet Archive historyofsligoco00wood, Chapter 69

As the companion tells it

Close to Killaspugbrone, there once stood a Roman Catholic chapel at Wrensborough that was in need of rebuilding. On the 29th of May 1832, an adjourned vestry meeting of the Union of St. John's agreed that although it could not be legally imposed as a parish rate, the cess-payers should contribute toward the cost. The recommended rate was twopence per acre on the land and a halfpenny per pound sterling on the value of houses in Sligo. The rector Charles Hamilton and churchwarden John Martin signed the resolution directing the collector to take a separate collection for the purpose.

History of Sligo, county and town, from the close of the Revolution of 1688 to the present time

The stories, best first

Sligo Post Office formerly in Quay Street

Sligo re-constituted as a Borough by James II

Sligo Regiment's exemplary conduct in Limerick

Sligo town hunt survived land-agitation without boycott

Soldiers encamped near Aclare on march to Castlebar

St. John's vestry assesses £70 for Sligo street paving, 1775

The Blennick shoal obstructs Sligo harbour navigation

Ursuline Convent of St. Joseph, Finisklin Road

Famine of 1846-8 checked population growth in Sligo

General Lake pursues French through Bellahy to Tubbercurry

Methodist church in Wine Street, Sligo, opened 1832

Rev. Samuel Henry ordained to joint charge of Sligo and Ballina, 1695

Sligo Presbyterian congregation becomes separate charge, 1823

Cabragh bridge destroyed by flood

Coolavin's rich and sour pasture

Enniscrone bridge destroyed by flood

First meeting of Sligo Union Poor-Law Guardians

Progressive establishment of dispensaries across County Sligo

Sligo Borough Apprentice By-Laws and Protestant Requirement

Sligo Borough governed by reformed Town Council under 1842 Act

Sligo County Infirmary: medical relief for the poor

Sligo Steam Navigation Company formed 1865

Street cleaning rules enforced in Sligo, 1737

1831 Sligo election: Cooper and Perceval contest

1834 Sligo grain export trade

1877 resolution to serve 'notice to quit' on Corporation tenants

Arigna coal sold in southern Sligo at 7s. per ton in 1770

Calry Church built and consecrated

Carolan's 'Fair-Haired Mary' for Mary MacDermot of Coolavin

Collooney chemical works

Drumcliff bridge — ancient narrow-arched masonry

Drumcliff parish as mother parish of the Rosses

Easky river bridge rebuilt

Endowed Schools Commission reports on Sligo schools, 1855

Famine relief committee formed in Sligo town

First recorded potato failure in Sligo, 1739

Iceberg-deposited boulders at Kilmorgan churchyard

Improving country on Ballina–Sligo road

Inglis on evergreens and timber around Sligo

Killaspugbrone old church repaired and graveyard walled

Kilsellagh and Doonally water proposed as new Sligo supply

Limestone cliffs south of Kinlough

Lough Gill soundings of 1880

Lough Talt trout quality varies by shore

Mullaghmore and Ballinful rainfall contrast

Mullaghmore Head roadstead and harbour

National Bank run defeated in Sligo, 1840

New Sligo–Ballina road via Tanrego and Dromore West

Outdoor relief and destitution in Sligo Union districts, 1879–80

Presbyterian Church in Sligo first recorded, 1655

Provincial Bank, first bank of issue, opens in Sligo, 1825

River Moy bar and Ballina quay navigation

Royal Commission investigated Sligo corporation abuses, 1833

Sligo Borough Improvement Bill drafted and debated, 1867

Sligo Borough Trade Registration and Quarterage By-Law

Sligo Militia annual training under canvas at Rosses Point

Sligo Town Council Repealers pledge bloc voting, 1845

Tree nurseries at Oakfield and Ballintivnan, 1797

William Dorran drowned crossing to Coney Island, 1823

Wrensborough Catholic chapel rebuilding funded by vestry rate, 1832