A Memoir Respecting the Antiquities of the Church of Killossy, in the County of Kildare; With Some Conjectures on the Origin of the Ancient Irish Churches (vol. 3)

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1. Comparison to the Ivy Church Tower at Glendalough

   Glendalough · electoral division · Wicklow

   The tower of the ivy church at Glendalough is noted as having the greatest resemblance to the unique tower at Killossy, though only its square base joins the church rather than the whole structure.

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   This Is probably an unique, being the only one of the kind, I believe, yet difcoyered in this kingdom, if not in the Britilh iiles. The tower of the ivy church at Glendaloch, and the old church of Little Saxum near Bury in England^ are thofe which have the greateft refemblance to this of Killofly; but the fquare bafe only of the tower at Gleudaloch joins the church, and the whole tower at Saxum is round from the foundation*. In the illand of Zante is, or was till lately, a Greek church exadly on the fame conftrudiom with this ^ alfo feveral others in various parts of the Levant f. The infulated round towers, and the fmall old churches difcovered in Ireland, with Hone roofs and circular arches, as thofe of Cafhel and Glendaloch, and thofe in England called Saxon, as well as thofe in Spain named Maflbrabic, bear a great refemblance to each other, and are apparently of the fame origin |^ being all, moft probably, conHruded on the model of the Grecian archi tenure, but not in that noble ftyle fo confpicuous iii the monuments of ancient Greece and Rome, but in the degenerate ftyie of the latter Greek empire, from the time of Arcadius at the beginning of the fifth, to the ctefe of the tenth century*

   The various Gothic and Vandalic tribes, which feated them* felves in the weft of Europe^ and on the ruins of the Greek and

   Internet Archive jstor-30078935, Chapter 1

   As the companion tells it

   As the road takes you through Glendalough, there is a tower here that has drawn comparison to one far away. The tower of the ivy church at Glendalough is one of only two structures known to resemble the unique tower at Killossy, in the county of Kildare. That tower at Killossy is believed to be the only one of its kind discovered in this kingdom, if not in the British Isles. The other resembling structure is the old church of Little Saxum, near Bury in England. But the resemblance is not exact. At Glendalough, only the square base of the tower joins the church, while at Saxum the whole tower is round from the foundation. The writer also notes a Greek church on the island of Zante built on the same construction, and several others in various parts of the Levant. The insulated round towers and small old churches found in Ireland, with their stone roofs and circular arches, like those at Cashel and Glendalough, bear a great resemblance to those in England called Saxon and those in Spain called Muzarabic. All are apparently of the same origin, constructed on the model of Grecian architecture, but not in the noble style of ancient Greece and Rome. Rather, they follow the degenerate style of the later Greek empire, from the time of Arcadius at the beginning of the fifth century to the close of the tenth.

2. Cormac's Chapel Built at Cashel in 906

   Cashel · townland · Tipperary · 906

   Cormac's chapel at Cashel is cited as an early example of Irish stone church architecture, dated to the year 906, following the oratory of Malachy.

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   The Iriih do not appear to have adopted this fpecies of architedure, or to have built in lime and ftone, prior to the ninth century. The firft edifice of this kind was moft probably the oratory of Malachy, about 850 ; towards the clofe of which century the churches of Glendaloch were eroded and ornamented in the tafte of the northern nationsf. Soon after Cormac's chapel in 906 J; the monaftcry of Monaindia about iooo§; and the round tower of Kenith, in the county of Cork, in 1015II. From this period, ftonc-roofcd criptic churches and round towers became common in this ifland^ and continued the reigning tafte for ecclefiaftical buildings until the introdudion of the Norman and Gothic archie tedura in the beginning of the twelfth century, when the ftyle was difcontinucd.

   Having thus, in as concife a manner as poflible, given fome conjcdures relative to the origin of the ancient Irifh churches, and the times c^ their eredion, it will be neceffary to con-

   Internet Archive jstor-30078935, Chapter 1

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere close to Cashel stands Cormac's Chapel, built in 906. It is one of the earliest examples of Irish stone church architecture. The Irish do not appear to have built in lime and stone before the ninth century. The first edifice of this kind was most probably the oratory of Malachy, about 850. Towards the close of that century the churches of Glendalough were erected and ornamented in the taste of the northern nations. Soon after, in 906, came this chapel. After this, stone-roofed cryptic churches and round towers became common in this island, and continued as the reigning taste for ecclesiastical buildings until the introduction of the Norman and Gothic architecture in the beginning of the twelfth century, when the style was discontinued.

3. Churches of Glendalough Erected Late Ninth Century

   Glendalough · electoral division · Wicklow · 850–900

   The churches of Glendalough were erected and ornamented in the taste of the northern nations toward the close of the ninth century, marking an early period of stone church building in Ireland.

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   Read off the scanned page by machine, so a word here and there is misread. Kept as the reading produced it, not corrected.

   The Iriih do not appear to have adopted this fpecies of architedure, or to have built in lime and ftone, prior to the ninth century. The firft edifice of this kind was moft probably the oratory of Malachy, about 850 ; towards the clofe of which century the churches of Glendaloch were eroded and ornamented in the tafte of the northern nationsf. Soon after Cormac's chapel in 906 J; the monaftcry of Monaindia about iooo§; and the round tower of Kenith, in the county of Cork, in 1015II. From this period, ftonc-roofcd criptic churches and round towers became common in this ifland^ and continued the reigning tafte for ecclefiaftical buildings until the introdudion of the Norman and Gothic archie tedura in the beginning of the twelfth century, when the ftyle was difcontinucd.

   Having thus, in as concife a manner as poflible, given fome conjcdures relative to the origin of the ancient Irifh churches, and the times c^ their eredion, it will be neceffary to con-

   Internet Archive jstor-30078935, Chapter 1

   As the companion tells it

   The road takes you through Glendalough in Wicklow. The Irish do not appear to have built in lime and stone before the ninth century. The first edifice of this kind was probably the oratory of Malachy, about 850. Toward the close of that century, the churches were erected and ornamented in the taste of the northern nations. Soon after came Cormac's chapel in 906, then the monastery of Monaindia, and the round tower of Kenith in the county of Cork. From this period, stone-roofed cryptic churches and round towers became common in this island, and continued as the reigning taste for ecclesiastical buildings until the introduction of Norman and Gothic architecture in the beginning of the twelfth century, when the style was discontinued.