Limerick, its history and antiquities; ecclesiastical, civil, and military,from the earliest ages, with copious historical, archaeological, topographical, and genealogical notes

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Corporation of Limerick regulated, 1222

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1222

   In 1222 regulations were made concerning the Corporation of Limerick, which was later recognised by Act of Parliament as a Corporation.

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   took care to provide it with chaplains. These succeeded each other, as removal or other causes created a vacancy in the office ; and on one occasion we hnd Geoffrey de Mareys, Lord Justiciary of Ireland, on the part of his royal master, making a presentation to the chaplaincy of the King^s Castle, of Thomas in the place of Andrew, who had either died, or been placed in some other position.^ The church lands were extensive, the constant dealings with them, the employment they gave the Courts in Dublin, as well as in Limerick, are shown in the records that have come down to us, and of which the Black Book contains a considerable number. In 1£17 a mint was established in Limerick. ^ In 1222 regulations were made concerning the Corporation, which has been recognised by Act of ParHament as a Corpo-

   James Earl of Desmond was made constable for life by Patent 23rd August 1423 — with leave to execute the Office by Deputy — and inasmuch as " the ancient fees for the custody of the Castle were for the most part annihilated, and the Castle become so ruinous, that the greater part of it was fallen to the ground," he was given £10 for the repair of the Castle, as well as forty marks out of the profits of the Lexwer (Laxweir), while he should occupy the officetwenty marks more, out of the profits of these weirs, were granted to him for five years in 1424.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 35

   As the companion tells it

   As the road brings you near Limerick, this is a city whose governance took shape in 1222, when regulations were made concerning the Corporation, later recognised by Act of Parliament as a Corporation. The King's Castle here had its chaplains, who succeeded each other as removal or other causes created a vacancy. On one occasion Geoffrey de Mareys, Lord Justiciary of Ireland, acting on behalf of his royal master, made a presentation to the chaplaincy of the King's Castle, placing Thomas in the position of Andrew, who had either died or been moved to some other position. The church lands were extensive. The constant dealings with them gave employment to the Courts in Dublin as well as in Limerick, and the records that have come down show this, with the Black Book containing a considerable number of them. Later, in 1423, James Earl of Desmond was made constable for life by Patent, dated the 23rd of August, with leave to execute the office by deputy. The ancient fees for the custody of the Castle were for the most part annihilated, and the Castle had become so ruinous that the greater part of it had fallen to the ground. He was given £10 for the repair of the Castle, and forty marks out of the profits of the Laxweir, while he should occupy the office. In 1424, twenty marks more out of the profits of these weirs were granted to him for five years.

2. Croom Abbey founded by O'Brien king

   Croom · town · Limerick

   An O'Brien king founded an abbey at Croom, listed among the monastic endowments of the O'Brien dynasty in the index.

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   O'Brien, King of Limerick, 144 ; grant to Bishop of Limerick, 540; Donald, King of Cashcl, founds nuimery, 646; notice of, 647; Donald Carbrac foands monastery at Galbally, 653 ; King founds Croom abbey, 7i9.

   O'Hrieiis ot Munster (see 7Jne?i.). 4; Murrogh, son of Brian Borhoime, 15, i.^ ; Mortogh, King of 1 homond and Ireland, 22 ; Turlogh defeated by King Roderick, 27 ; of Tliomond, war against Roderick O'Connor, 36 ; married, 39 ; notices of, wars of, disputes of, conventions ot, etc.. etc., 43, 44, 46, 61, GS, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75, 77, 83, 94, 96; of Thomond, successors (1399), 64; kingdom of Tliomond ended, 74; described by Pany in 1535, 77 ; Morrogh, the first Earl (1543), 69, 96; dies in 1-551, 93; succession disputed (1552), 94, 9G ; revolt of O'Briens (temp. Mary), 95 ; fealty of Connor O'Brien, ibid. ; Teige, prisoner to Limerick, etc., 97 ; uncle of Earl Thomond hanged at Galway, 109; Teige, death of in 1582, 1('9; founder of Ballycorrick family, 109; Donogh, joined De Burgii in rebellion, 109; his fate, ibid. ; ancestor of Lord Inchiquin, ibid. ; Brian Duv, of Carigogunel, surrenders estate, 114 ; re-grant (1584), 115; Donogh Beg delivered up to English, and his fate (1584), 114; surrender of lands and re-grants, 116; Teige, his pUiiid rs ill Clare, and fate, 127; Donat, Lord ot Ihumund (1611), 136; his death in 1624, 142;

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

   As the companion tells it

   Croom is a town in Limerick. An O'Brien king founded an abbey here, and the record that preserves this fact lists it among the acts of the O'Brien dynasty. The O'Briens were kings of Limerick, and later of Thomond. The same index entries trace their hold on the region. One O'Brien king made a grant to the Bishop of Limerick. Donald, King of Cashel, founded a nunnery. Donald Carbrac founded a monastery at Galbally. The O'Briens went to war against Roderick O'Connor. Turlogh was defeated by King Roderick. Their kingdom of Thomond ended. Morrogh was made the first Earl in 1543. Connor O'Brien gave fealty. Teige was taken prisoner to Limerick and later died in 1582. Brian Duv of Carrigogunnel surrendered his estate. Donogh Beg was delivered up to the English. Donat became Lord of Thomond in 1611 and died in 1624. The abbey stands among these as a king's foundation.

3. Death of Bishop Young of Limerick

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1813

   The Right Rev. Dr. Young, Bishop of Limerick, died on 23 September 1813, mourned by every class and party. The Right Rev. Dr. Charles Tuohy, who had been dean of the diocese, was elected vicar capitular on 29 September.

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   The death of the Right Rev. Dr. Young occurred this year on the 23rd of September, mourned by every class and party. We shall speak of the revered Prelate^s life and services in another part of our history. The Right Rev. Dr. Charles Tuohy, who had been dean of the diocese, was elected vicar capitular on the 29th of the same month.

   The fight between the Independents and the Corporation was brought to an issue at Clare assizes before Baron Smith iu 1814, when on the 11th of March, a verdict was given m favour of the Independents, by which they asserted their chartered rights to the franchise and freedom of the city, by birth, by servitude, and by marriage. Before this, no person whatever had been admitted to freedom, no matter their rights, who were not of the Smyth and

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 246

   As the companion tells it

   Limerick, a city the road passes through, lost its bishop in 1813. The Right Reverend Dr. Young died on the 23rd of September that year. He was mourned by every class and party. The record says his life and services would be spoken of elsewhere. Six days after his death, on the 29th of September, the Right Reverend Dr. Charles Tuohy was elected vicar capitular. He had been dean of the diocese before that. The same year also saw a struggle over who could claim the freedom of the city. The Independents and the Corporation fought it out, and in March 1814, at the Clare assizes before Baron Smith, a verdict was given in favour of the Independents. They asserted their chartered rights to the franchise and freedom of the city, by birth, by servitude, and by marriage. Before this, no one had been admitted to freedom who were not of the Smyth party.

4. Death of John O'Brien, former MP for Limerick

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1865

   John O'Brien, who had served as MP for Limerick city for many years and was a native of the city, died in February 1865. He had represented the city with honour and credit.

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   ¥'e\)mary (1865).— Death of John O'Brien, Esq., late M.P. for many years for the city of which he was a native, and which he represented with honour to himself and credit to the city.

   Electric Telegraph Company completed their arrangements for communication with Limerick.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 294

   As the companion tells it

   In February 1865, Limerick lost one of its own. John O'Brien had served as MP for the city for many years. He was a native of the place, and the book says he represented it with honour to himself and credit to the city.

5. Dilapidated chancel of Kilfinane church

   Kilfinane · town · Limerick · 1714

   Around 1714, attention was called to the extremely dilapidated state of the chancel of Kilfinane. Lord Orrery, who held considerable landed property in County Limerick, wrote to the Bishop ordering his proportion towards repairing the chancel.

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   Diverging for a moment from these matters, it may be remarked that Lord Orrery, having had considerable landed property in the County of Limerick, had also much to do with tithes, &c., and a fair share of correspondence with the Bishop. Several of the Protestant Churches at this period were falling, or had fallen into ruins, and attention having been called to the extremely dilapidated state of the Chancel of Kilfinane, Lord Orrery wrote to the Bishop in these terms : —

   " London, Feby. 2nd, 1714. My Sir,

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 176

   As the companion tells it

   Around 1714, several Protestant churches in County Limerick were falling into ruins. Lord Orrery, who held considerable landed property in the county, had his share of correspondence with the Bishop over tithes. When attention was called to the extremely dilapidated state of the chancel of Kilfinane, Lord Orrery wrote to the Bishop from London on February 2nd, 1714. His letter began, My Sir, and ordered the Bishop's proportion towards repairing the chancel.

6. Dr. de Burgo's death in Tuam

   Tuam · town · Galway · 1667

   Dr. de Burgo died in Tuam on Holy Thursday, 1667. Father Guin, who was said to hold power over the Archbishop, celebrated Mass daily in his chamber before his death and remained constantly by his bedside.

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   Dr. de Burgo, of a junior branch of Clanrickard, was born at Clontuskert, was educated six or seven years at the Irish Jesuit College of Lisbon, sustained theses at Evora and Salamanca against all comers, and was dubbed Doctor of Divinity and of Civil and Canon Law. He was an enthusiastic admirer of the Jesuits, and advanced them money to maintain a college in Gal way. He returned from exile in 1663, "to sleep", as he said, " in his native soil". He died in Tuam; on Holy Thursday, 1667, and Father Guin, *' in whose power he was", celebrated Mass every day in his Grace's chamber for some time before his deatli ; he remained constantly by his bedside, the minister of his comforts, and the witness of his virtues and resignation.'

   The Father Procurator of the Limerick College, S. J., was Father Nicholas Punch, a man of singular amiability and humility, forty-seven years of age, and nineteen in the society. The Professor of Rhetoric was Father James Forde, a very good and learned man. In 1656, he chose, in the middle of a vast bog, a spot harder than the rest, and built a hut on it. Thither a large number of youths soon flocked, erected little huts all round, learned literature and virtue from the good father, and imitated him in enduring, not merely with fortitude, but also with joy, all the inconveniences of their position.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 381

   As the companion tells it

   Tuam is the town where Dr. de Burgo died. He was of a junior branch of Clanrickard, born at Clontuskert, and educated six or seven years at the Irish Jesuit College of Lisbon. He sustained theses at Evora and Salamanca against all comers, and was dubbed Doctor of Divinity and of Civil and Canon Law. He was an enthusiastic admirer of the Jesuits, and advanced them money to maintain a college in Galway. He returned from exile in 1663, "to sleep", as he said, "in his native soil". He died in Tuam on Holy Thursday, 1667. Father Guin, who was said to be in whose power he was, celebrated Mass every day in his Grace's chamber for some time before his death. He remained constantly by his bedside, the minister of his comforts, and the witness of his virtues and resignation.

7. Edward I grants annual pension to Franciscan Friars of Limerick

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1293–1356

   In 1293, King Edward I granted an annual pension of 35 marks to the Franciscan Friars of Limerick, Dublin, Waterford, Cork, and Drogheda. Liberates were also granted to the Franciscans in 1356.

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   Luke Wadding, quoted in the Hihernia Domviicana, states the Franciscans had a monastery dedicated to St. Dominic in Limerick, that it was founded in the thirteenth century by William (Fion, i.e. handsome) de Burgo, whose wife was Ania, daughter of Donald O'Brien, king of Limerick, and that said William (Fion) de Burgo was buried there in the year 1287. Thomas de Clare, of the noble family of the Earls of Gloucester, who died on the 2nd of September, a.d. 1287, was interred in the abbey also, as was his son Richard in the year 1318, who was slain, together with several others, on the Feast of St. Gordian, the 1st of May, by O'Brien and M'Carthy. Richard, we are told, was inhumanly torn to pieces. In the year 1293, King Edward I. granted to the Franciscan Friars of Limerick, Dubhn, Waterford, Cork, and Drogheda, an annual pension of 35 marks.

   In 1356, liberates were granted to the Franciscans.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 376

   As the companion tells it

   The road takes you through Limerick, a city with a Franciscan past. Luke Wadding, in the Hibernia Dominicana, says the Franciscans had a monastery dedicated to Saint Dominic, founded in the thirteenth century by William de Burgo, called Fion, meaning handsome. His wife was Ania, daughter of Donald O'Brien, king of Limerick. William de Burgo was buried there in 1287. Thomas de Clare, of the noble family of the Earls of Gloucester, who died on September 2, 1287, was also interred in the abbey. His son Richard was buried there in 1318. Richard had been slain on the Feast of Saint Gordian, May 1, by O'Brien and M'Carthy, along with several others. He was, the record says, inhumanly torn to pieces. In 1293, King Edward I granted the Franciscan Friars of Limerick, Dublin, Waterford, Cork, and Drogheda an annual pension of 35 marks. In 1356, liberates were granted to the Franciscans.

8. English Prince studies at Lismore

   Lismore · town · Waterford

   During the era of Danish invasions, an English Prince was said to have been at Lismore, where he imbibed principles of order and government that made his reign illustrious, demonstrating Irish progress in learning despite the invader threat.

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   monasteries for many years supplied the Churches of England^ and some of those in Ireland^ with Bishops. And while the lives of the saints and sages were brightening up, and dispelling the gloom which had so long hung over the destinies of our country, distant lands were enhghtened by the reflection of their hohness and learning, and Armagh, all the Avhile, gave its uninterrupted successors to Saint Patrick in the Episcopacy, first in the person of Senanus, afterwards of St. Benignus, Jerlath, Cormac, &c. During these times it has been stated, an English Prince had been at Lismore, where he imbibed those principles of order and government which made his reign illustrious, and, not\\athstanding the barbarous aggressions of the invaders, the Irish proved their progress in arts, arms and religion.

   Nearly at the same time that Malachy the Great was engaged in conquering the Danes of Dublin and the Islands, Brian Boru was successfully engaged in reducing the Danes of Lunerick. He had avenged the murder by Ivor, King of the Limerick Danes, of hisbrother Mahon, eldest son of Kennedy, and on the defeat of Molloy, slain at the battle of Ballagh Leachta,' he succeeded to the throne of Munster. Though the Danes at this time were nominal Christians, they refused to preach to the Saxons in England, which discreditable circumstance occasioned the dispatch of missions from lona, the monastic settlement of St Columkille. The Danes were so hatefid to the Irish, and reciprocated the feeling so thoroughly, that they avoided all religious intercourse with the Irish Church, and connected themselves with the See of Canterbury in England.^

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 14

   As the companion tells it

   Lismore is a town the road passes through or near. In the time of the Danish invasions, monasteries for many years supplied the Churches of England and some of those in Ireland with bishops. While the lives of the saints and sages were brightening up and dispelling the gloom that had so long hung over the country, distant lands were enlightened by the reflection of their holiness and learning. Armagh, all the while, gave its uninterrupted successors to Saint Patrick in the episcopacy, first in the person of Senanus, afterwards of St. Benignus, Jerlath, Cormac, and others. During these times it has been stated that an English Prince had been at Lismore, where he imbibed those principles of order and government which made his reign illustrious. Notwithstanding the barbarous aggressions of the invaders, the Irish proved their progress in arts, arms, and religion. Nearly at the same time that Malachy the Great was engaged in conquering the Danes of Dublin and the Islands, Brian Boru was successfully engaged in reducing the Danes of Limerick. He had avenged the murder by Ivor, King of the Limerick Danes, of his brother Mahon, eldest son of Kennedy, and on the defeat of Molloy, slain at the battle of Ballagh Leachta, he succeeded to the throne of Munster.

9. House of Industry founded in Limerick (1774)

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1774

   A House of Industry was founded in Limerick in 1774, aimed at addressing poverty and providing relief.

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   Pery, 358 ; Vandeleur's, 358. Hotels in 1770, .364. Houses, etc., in the city, 464, 751. House of Industry founded (1774), 365. Howard, Lord George, permission to, 291. Howley (Sir John), at Limerick, 423 ; meeting In

   1812, 433. Hubert, Bishop, account of, 553. Hue-and-Cry, 28th Henry VllL, 74. Humbert, General, 409, 410. Hunt, Sir Vere, raises regiment in 1798, 405, Hurley, Maurice, tomb of, 734. Hy Conaill invaded, twelfth century, 25. Hy Cuanach (Coonagh), 4.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

   As the companion tells it

   Limerick saw a House of Industry founded in 1774, an institution meant to address poverty and provide relief for those in need.

10. Illuminations in Limerick for Wellington's victory at Salamanca

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1812

    Great illuminations and rejoicings took place in the city of Limerick on 9 September following Wellington's victory at Salamanca and the capture of Madrid.

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    September 9th. — Great illuminations and rejoicings in the city, consequent on Wellington's victory at Salamanca, and the capture of Madrid.

    The harvest this year superabundant, beyond anything of the kind ever remembered, and the happiest continuance of tine weather to save iL

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 240

    As the companion tells it

    The city of Limerick saw great illuminations and rejoicings on 9 September 1812, after Wellington's victory at Salamanca and the capture of Madrid. That same year the harvest was superabundant, beyond anything remembered, with the finest weather to save it.

11. James Kennedy of Kilmallock, Irish bard

    Kilmallock · town · Limerick

    James Kennedy of Kilmallock was among the native Irish bards of County Limerick.

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    Of Bards who wrote in Irish, natives of the county of Limerick, there have been several, viz., David O'Bruadair (Broderick), who was living in 1692 ; Patrick Kelly, who died in 1741 . John Roberts lived in 1778; Patrick Fennell, a schoolmaster at Ballingarry in 1771; John Lloyd, •whose contributions in Irish fill some pages of the collection of the Poets oj Munstbr, and who wrote a short history of the county of Clare, was a native of the county of Limerick. He resided principally in the west of Clare, and taught in private families there. His death was attended by melancholy circumstances at Moyarta, about the year 1790. John Tuomy, some of whose poems also appear among the collections above referred to, died in 177i5, in Limerick; Maurio* Griffin, who lived at Slevereigh, near Ballingarry, in 1778; James Daly, of Loughmora, who was living in 1770, and who composed several exquisite elegies; Thomas Gleeson, of Adare, an expert Latin and Irish scholar; David O'Clery, of Newcastle; James Kennedy, of Kilmallock ; Andrew M'Mahon, who kept a tanyard at Limerick, and who wrote several satires; Nicholas O'Donnell, a native also, who was "high sheriff of the Appolonian court, Cork". These are among the Irish writing bards. In the present century Patrick O'Kelly, author of Killarney, and other English poems, and mentioned in Lockhart's life of Scott, resided here for many years. He was, we believe, a Roscommon man by birth, Edward Moran, in 1823, wrote and published several meritorious verses which he dedicated to Thomas Moore; Mr. Moran afterwards became attached to the Globe and Traveller newspaper in London, of which he was sub-editor for some years. J. Walsh also wrote some good verses, as has the latest of our local bards Michael Hogan, the " Bard of Thomond", who has published several pleasing ballads, and whose poems have appeared in a collected form.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 455

12. Jesuit Father O'Gorman teaches school in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1727

    In 1727, Father Thomas O'Gorman, a native of Munster who had entered the Jesuit order in Castile, Spain, taught school in Limerick. He had previously taught in Clonmel and Cork.

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    In this year Father Thomas O^Gorman, a native of Munster, and who had entered the order of the Jesuit Fathers in Castile, in Spain, taught School in Limerick ; he had previously taught in Clonmel and Cork also.s

    I

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 183

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick, in 1727. Father Thomas O'Gorman, a native of Munster, taught school here. He had entered the Jesuit order in Castile, in Spain. Before Limerick, he had already taught in Clonmel and Cork.

13. John Fitzgibbon born at Ballysheeda, 1708

    Ballysheeda · townland · Tipperary · 1708

    John Fitzgibbon, born at Ballysheeda in 1708, authored works on cases determined at Westminster and an essay on commerce.

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    Fitzgibbon, John, born at Ballysheeda, 1708, "Cases determined at Westminster", "Essay on Commerce".

    Martin, John, M.D., 1770—" On the Castle Connell Spa".

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 454

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere near here, John Fitzgibbon was born in 1708. He went on to write works on cases determined at Westminster and an essay on commerce.

14. John Power of Gurteen succeeds as 11th Lord Power de jure

    Gurteen · electoral division · Waterford · 1742

    After Henry Power died unmarried in May 1742, he was succeeded by his nearest male kin, John Power of Grange, County Galway, and Gurteen, County Waterford, as 11th Lord Power, de jure. The Power family estates at Gurteen in Waterford were thus associated with the continuation of the peerage.

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    After the death of John, Lord Power, his son Henry succeeded. He died, unmarried, in May, 1742, leaving two unmarried sisters, Charlotte, and Frances Clare Power. He was succeeded by his nearest of kin in the male line, viz., John Power of Grange, County Gal way, and of Gurteen, County Waterford, as 11th Lord, dejure.

    Count E. de Poher de la Poer, of Gurteen le Poer, County of Waterford, Nth Lord Power and Curraghmore, de jure, is married to the Hon. Mary Monsell, daughter of Lord Emly, of Tervoe, Limerick.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 476

    As the companion tells it

    In May 1742, Henry Power died unmarried, leaving two sisters, Charlotte and Frances Clare. He had been Lord Power, succeeding his father John. With no direct heir, the title passed to the nearest male kin: John Power of Grange in County Galway and of Gurteen here in County Waterford, who became the 11th Lord Power, de jure. So this district was tied to the keeping of a peerage that had nearly slipped from the line.

15. Knights of St. John at Adare and Aney

    Adare · townland · Limerick · 1200–1299

    The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem had a house at Adare and a preceptory at Aney, both in County Limerick, founded in the thirteenth century by Geoffry de Maurisco. They also had an establishment at Hospital.

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    The Canonesses of St. Augustine had a nunnery In Limerick, founded by King Donald O'Brien in 1171, and dedicated to St. Peter, whence its name of Peter's Cell. It stood near the town wall, at the lower end of Pump Lane or Peter Street. After the suppression, it became the property of Lord Milton. The dissenters of Limerick rented their chapel from him mitil 1798. A handsome house was afterwards built on its site, which, with its fine garden, became the residence of Madame O'Dell. This order had also three other establishments in the county, viz., at Cluan-Credhail, founded in the sixth century by St. Ita; at Kilsane, founded by MacSheehy, an Irish gentleman, and dedicated to St. Catherine; and at Monaster-na-Calliaghduif, in the parish of Roberstown, barony of Shanid, founded by the Clangibbons in the thirteenth century. The Knights Templars had a house in Quay Lane, and a Commandery at Newcastle, of which there are still some remains. The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem had a house at Adare, and a preceptory at Any, both founded in the thirteenth century, by Geoffry de Maurisco : they had also another establishment at Hospital.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 371

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem kept a house. They also held a preceptory at Aney, and another establishment at Hospital. Both the house at Adare and the preceptory at Aney were founded in the thirteenth century by Geoffry de Maurisco. Other military orders were present in the county too. The Knights Templars had a house in Quay Lane, and a Commandery at Newcastle, of which some remains still stand. Religious houses of other kinds surrounded them. The Canonesses of St. Augustine had a nunnery in Limerick, founded by King Donald O'Brien in 1171, dedicated to St. Peter, and known as Peter's Cell. That same order had three further establishments in the county, at Cluan-Credhail, founded in the sixth century by St. Ita, at Kilsane, founded by MacSheehy and dedicated to St. Catherine, and at Monaster-na-Calliaghduif, in the parish of Roberstown, barony of Shanid, founded by the Clangibbons in the thirteenth century.

16. Knights of St. John establishment at Hospital

    Hospital · town · Limerick

    The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem had an establishment at Hospital in County Limerick, in addition to their houses at Adare and Aney.

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    The Canonesses of St. Augustine had a nunnery In Limerick, founded by King Donald O'Brien in 1171, and dedicated to St. Peter, whence its name of Peter's Cell. It stood near the town wall, at the lower end of Pump Lane or Peter Street. After the suppression, it became the property of Lord Milton. The dissenters of Limerick rented their chapel from him mitil 1798. A handsome house was afterwards built on its site, which, with its fine garden, became the residence of Madame O'Dell. This order had also three other establishments in the county, viz., at Cluan-Credhail, founded in the sixth century by St. Ita; at Kilsane, founded by MacSheehy, an Irish gentleman, and dedicated to St. Catherine; and at Monaster-na-Calliaghduif, in the parish of Roberstown, barony of Shanid, founded by the Clangibbons in the thirteenth century. The Knights Templars had a house in Quay Lane, and a Commandery at Newcastle, of which there are still some remains. The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem had a house at Adare, and a preceptory at Any, both founded in the thirteenth century, by Geoffry de Maurisco : they had also another establishment at Hospital.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 371

    As the companion tells it

    The town of Hospital takes its name from a religious establishment of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. That order of military knights had a house at Adare and a preceptory at Aney, both founded in the thirteenth century by a man named Geoffry de Maurisco. They had also another establishment here at Hospital. The same wider record of Limerick tells of other religious houses across the county. The Canonesses of St. Augustine had a nunnery in Limerick itself, founded by King Donald O'Brien in 1171 and dedicated to St. Peter, which gave it the name Peter's Cell. It stood near the town wall, at the lower end of Pump Lane or Peter Street. After the suppression, it became the property of Lord Milton. The dissenters of Limerick rented their chapel from him until 1798. A handsome house was afterwards built on its site, which, with its fine garden, became the residence of Madame O'Dell. The Knights Templars had a house in Quay Lane, and a Commandery at Newcastle, of which there are still some remains. But for Hospital itself, the record tells us only that the Knights of St. John had an establishment here, and leaves it at that.

17. Knights Templar house and Commandery in Limerick

    Newcastle · town · Limerick

    The Knights Templars had a house in Quay Lane in Limerick city and a Commandery at Newcastle in County Limerick, of which some remains were still visible at the time of writing.

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    The Canonesses of St. Augustine had a nunnery In Limerick, founded by King Donald O'Brien in 1171, and dedicated to St. Peter, whence its name of Peter's Cell. It stood near the town wall, at the lower end of Pump Lane or Peter Street. After the suppression, it became the property of Lord Milton. The dissenters of Limerick rented their chapel from him mitil 1798. A handsome house was afterwards built on its site, which, with its fine garden, became the residence of Madame O'Dell. This order had also three other establishments in the county, viz., at Cluan-Credhail, founded in the sixth century by St. Ita; at Kilsane, founded by MacSheehy, an Irish gentleman, and dedicated to St. Catherine; and at Monaster-na-Calliaghduif, in the parish of Roberstown, barony of Shanid, founded by the Clangibbons in the thirteenth century. The Knights Templars had a house in Quay Lane, and a Commandery at Newcastle, of which there are still some remains. The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem had a house at Adare, and a preceptory at Any, both founded in the thirteenth century, by Geoffry de Maurisco : they had also another establishment at Hospital.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 371

    As the companion tells it

    Newcastle in County Limerick was the site of a Knights Templar Commandery. The order also kept a house in Quay Lane in Limerick city. At the time of writing, some remains of the Commandery at Newcastle were still visible. The Templars were not the only military religious order in this part of Limerick. The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem had a house at Adare and a preceptory at Any, both founded in the thirteenth century by Geoffry de Maurisco. They had another establishment at Hospital. The Canonesses of St. Augustine had a nunnery in Limerick, founded by King Donald O'Brien in 1171 and dedicated to St. Peter, giving it the name Peter's Cell. It stood near the town wall at the lower end of Pump Lane or Peter Street. After the suppression it became the property of Lord Milton. The dissenters of Limerick rented their chapel from him until 1798. A handsome house was afterwards built on the site, with its fine garden, which became the residence of Madame O'Dell.

18. Limerick besieged by Bruce

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1316

    Following earlier disputes over the possession of Limerick, the city was besieged by Bruce in 1316, preceding Lord Grey's later attacks.

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    Limerick city, fouiiUation of, 1; description of, 1; ancient history of, 2,6; built by Yvorus 2; Luimeneoch-Leatlianglas, proper name of Liniericli, 3; Christianity introduced in 434. 3; cathedial (see Cathedrali founded, by St. Munchin, 5 ; battle between Callachau and the Danes (945), 8 ; besieged by (J'brien (tenth century j, 10; King Donald, his l;fe and endowments, 29; founds cathedral (1194;, 30; surrendered by O'Brien, king of Thomond to Henry king ol England, 37; wrested trom the English (1174), and set on fire by O'Brien 43 ; invaded by Kaymond le Gros, 43; under the English, 47; charter by English (1197,) 47; set on tire temp, John, 49; English faiuilies in, etc., 51 ; disputes as to possession (1205), 54; besieged by Bruce (1316), 61; Lord Grey attacks, 81 ; court held there, 93; citizens aid the arrest of Earl of Desmond (see Desmond), 97 ; mayor and citizens assist Lord Justice Pelham, 1579, 102 ; visited by Sir John Perrot, 114 ; boundaries in 1609, 135 ; Papists to be cleared out of 203; garrisoned by French (1690), 213; fortifications of, 218 defence of (.1691), 261; (s«e £vent$.)

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick is a city with a long and troubled past. Back in 1205, there were disputes over who held possession of it. Then in 1316, Bruce besieged the city. That siege came before Lord Grey launched his own attacks on Limerick later on. The city had been contested for years before Bruce ever reached its walls. It had been surrendered by O'Brien, king of Thomond, to Henry, king of England. It was wrested from the English in 1174 and set on fire by O'Brien. Raymond le Gros invaded it. The English granted it a charter in 1197. It was set on fire again in the time of King John. So by the year Bruce laid siege in 1316, Limerick had already been fought over, burned, chartered, and disputed more than once. Lord Grey's attacks came after, another chapter in a city that kept changing hands.

19. Limerick established as one of Ireland's first counties

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1210

    In 1210, King John divided Leinster and Munster into counties including Limerick, and appointed sheriffs and officers after the English manner. This established Limerick as an administrative county.

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    themselves about the possession of Limerick. Meyler the younger, son of Meyler Bermingham, besieged the city, and at last took it by force ; in consequence of which the English of Meath became dissatisfied; dissensions arose among them. Cowley Mac Convey Leyghaghkan, chief of Silronan, was killed, " with many hurts done among the English themselves.^^' In 1208, Murtagh O'Brien, son of Donell, Lord of Thomond, was taken prisoner by the English at Limerick, in violation of the guarantee of the three Bishops, and by order of his brother Donough Cairbreach,^ This fact is also mentioned in the Annals of Clonmacnoise.a In 1210, William De Burgo having received severe usage from the Connacians, to whom he and his people went to obtain " their wages,'''' returned to Limerick, and Cathal Crovderg assumed the regals way of Connaught.* It was in this year that the King, to supply " defects as far as he was able,'' divided Leinster and Munster, the only parts he had actually in possession, into the counties of Dublin, Kildare, Meath, Uriel, Catherlaigh (Carlow), Kilkenny, Wexford, Waterford, Cork, Limerick, Tipperary and Kerry, and appointed sheriffs and officers of them after the manner of the English.^ An unportant grant Avas made to Edmond, bishop of Limerick at this period, A.D. 1215 — a grant which to our own day has continued to be a subject of interest to every class and party among the citizens, as it is connected with salmon and eel fisheries of the Shannon.^ The succession of mayors and bailiffs continued uninterruptedly, and the city was now formmg into a shape consistent v\dth the ideas of its Enghsh rulers, whose policy it was to have each city and town in Ireland thoroughly English, for nearly all outside the walls contmued abso-

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 36

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick, the city the road passes through, became one of Ireland's first counties in 1210. The years before that were turbulent. Meyler the younger, son of Meyler Bermingham, besieged the city and at last took it by force. The English of Meath were dissatisfied, and dissensions arose among them. Cowley Mac Convey Leyghaghkan, chief of Silronan, was killed, with many hurts done among the English themselves. In 1208, Murtagh O'Brien, son of Donell, Lord of Thomond, was taken prisoner by the English at Limerick, in violation of the guarantee of the three Bishops, and by order of his brother Donough Cairbreach. This fact is also mentioned in the Annals of Clonmacnoise. In 1210, William De Burgo, having received severe usage from the Connacians, to whom he and his people went to obtain their wages, returned to Limerick, and Cathal Crovderg assumed the regals way of Connaught. It was in this same year that the King, to supply defects as far as he was able, divided Leinster and Munster, the only parts he had actually in possession, into the counties of Dublin, Kildare, Meath, Uriel, Catherlaigh, Kilkenny, Wexford, Waterford, Cork, Limerick, Tipperary and Kerry, and appointed sheriffs and officers of them after the manner of the English. A grant made to Edmond, bishop of Limerick in 1215 has continued to be a subject of interest to every class and party among the citizens, connected as it is with the salmon and eel fisheries of the Shannon.

20. Limerick militia marched to Cork, 1813

    Cork · city · Cork · 1813–1814

    In May 1813 the Limerick City Regiment proceeded to Cork and remained there until the peace of Fontainebleau prompted disembodiment. The regiment then marched to Limerick in July 1814 for disembodiment.

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    In the month of May, 1813, the regiment proceeded to Cork, and remained there until the disembodiment of the militia in consequence of the peace of Fontainbleau, and it marched to Limerick for disembodiment in July, 1814.

    In the month of July, 1815, the regiment was again embodied. Only one major being allowed on the new establishment, JIajor Tomkins was selected to serve. The head quart'rs, etc., proceeded to Kinsale and Charlesfort in August and September of that year, and remained there until again disembodied, on the 22nd March, 1816, in Limerick, when the privates numbered 393, and the full establishment of officers was present.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 451

    As the companion tells it

    Cork is where the Limerick City Regiment spent over a year. In May 1813 the regiment proceeded to Cork and remained there until the peace of Fontainebleau prompted the disembodiment of the militia. It then marched to Limerick for disembodiment in July 1814. The regiment was embodied again in July 1815, when only one major was allowed on the new establishment and Major Tomkins was selected to serve. The headquarters proceeded to Kinsale and Charlesfort in August and September of that year and remained there until again disembodied on 22 March 1816 in Limerick, when the privates numbered 393 and the full establishment of officers was present.

21. Lock Mills at Abbey River junction

    Abbey River · river · Donegal

    The Russell firm held Lock Mills, situated where the canal joins the Abbey River in Limerick. This was one of several milling concerns the firm operated, contributing to the commerce of the port.

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    In addition to the Newtown Pery Mills, the machinery of which is already_so rapid hare been the improvements in steam machinery since its erection-old fashioned and comparatively expensive tSwork-the Messrs. Russell hold Lock Mills, situate where the canal joins the

    468 HISTORY OF LIMERICK.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 265

    As the companion tells it

    Along the Abbey River, the Russell firm held Lock Mills, where the canal joins the river in Limerick. The firm also ran the Newtown Pery Mills. But steam machinery had improved so fast since those were built that their machinery had grown old-fashioned and expensive to work.

22. Lord Coloony and Henry Temple granted houses in Kilmallock

    Kilmallock · town · Limerick · 1660–1670

    Following the Restoration land settlement, Richard Lord Coloony and Henry Temple received large grants of houses and plots of ground in Kilmallock, Barony of Clanwilliam. These grants formed part of the broader redistribution of forfeited lands.

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    Richard Lord Coloony, and Henry Temple, Esq., obtained large grants of houses, plotts of ground, &c., in Kilmallock, in the Barony of Clanwilliam.

    Captain John Frend obtained a grant of 756a. Ir. stat. in the Barony of Clanwilliam. Dr. Richard Boyle, Bishop of Femes and Leighlin, his heirs and assignees, 356a. 5p. stat. c. £3 6s. 9id. in same barony. Captain Humphrey Hartwell, 877a. 3r. 32p. stat. £8 4d. 7id. in ditto. John Mathews and John Snow, 320a. and lip. stat. £3. Captain Ingram obtained a total of 990a Ir. Ip. stat. in same barony.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 108

    As the companion tells it

    Kilmallock, in the Barony of Clanwilliam, was reshaped after the Restoration land settlement. Richard Lord Coloony and Henry Temple obtained large grants of houses and plots of ground here. Their grants were part of a broader redistribution of forfeited lands. Others received land in the same barony. Captain John Frend obtained 756 acres. Dr. Richard Boyle, Bishop of Ferns and Leighlin, had 356 acres granted to his heirs and assignees. Captain Humphrey Hartwell obtained 877 acres. John Mathews and John Snow received 320 acres. Captain Ingram obtained a total of 990 acres. The town passed through many hands.

23. Lord Justice at Limerick plans to reduce gentlemen

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1584–1585

    The Lord Justice went to Limerick the day after the execution at Quin, and according to the Annals of the Four Masters resolved to destroy and reduce a great number of gentlemen on each side of Limerick, until news of a Scottish fleet in the north diverted him.

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    The death of the Earl of Desmond was followed by a period of tranquillity. The hopes of the disaffected were extinguished, and desolation and famine followed the ravages of five years of civil war. Sir John Perrott was sworn into the office of Lord Deputy on the 26th of June, 1581, and after making a progress to Athlone and Galway, attended by Sir John jNTorris and Sir Eichard Bingham, who were respectively Presidents of Munster and Connaught, arrived at Quin in the county Clare, where Cruise, the sheriff of the county, dehvered up to him Donogh Beg O^Brien, styled by the Annalists, in their excessive loyalty, the arch traitor and leader of the plunderers of Connaught : — " whose body, mangled and half dead after hanging, was affixed, fastened with hard and hempen ropes to the top of the steeple of Quin as a warning to evil doers." Turlough, son of Owney O'Loghlen of Burren, had been executed previously by Sir Edward Brabazon, the temporary governor of thje province. The Lord Justice went next day to Limerick, and was resolved, according to the Annals of the Four Masters, to destroy and reduce a great number of gentlemen on each side of Limerick, until news reached him that a Scotch lieet had arrived in the north of Ireland, whither Perrott proceeded at once, and promptly repressed the movement.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 66

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick was where the Lord Justice headed next, after a grim day in Quin. The death of the Earl of Desmond had brought a kind of quiet, but it was the quiet of desolation. Five years of civil war had left famine behind. Sir John Perrott had been sworn in as Lord Deputy on the 26th of June, 1581. He travelled to Athlone and Galway, attended by Sir John Norris and Sir Richard Bingham, Presidents of Munster and Connaught, and then arrived at Quin in County Clare. There the sheriff, Cruise, handed over Donogh Beg O'Brien, called by the annalists "the arch traitor and leader of the plunderers of Connaught." His body, mangled and half dead after hanging, was fastened with hempen ropes to the top of the steeple of Quin as a warning. Turlough, son of Owney O'Loghlen of Burren, had already been executed by Sir Edward Brabazon, the temporary governor of the province. The next day the Lord Justice arrived, and according to the Annals of the Four Masters, he was resolved to destroy and reduce a great number of gentlemen on each side of the city. But news reached him that a Scottish fleet had arrived in the north of Ireland. Perrott went north at once and promptly repressed the movement.

24. Lords Justices arrive in Limerick on kingdom progress

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1698

    In 1698 the Marquis of Winchester and the Earl of Galway, Lords Justices of Ireland, arrived in Limerick during their progress through the kingdom, proceeding thence to Galway.

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    (and those natural born subjects to be maintained by the kingdom) Avere likewise disbanded. To the great reUef of the citizens such Dutch guards and French refugees as had remained were dismissed, and ordered away. WilHam was exceedingly annoyed at this step, and remonstrated against it. He would not allow his faithful Dutch guards to be tampered with, if he could — but the fiat of Lords and Commons went forth, so that the Dutch guards were shipped for Holland.^ In 1698 the Marquis of Winchester and the Earl of Galway, Lords Justices of Ireland, in their progress through the kingdom, arrived in Limerick, and thence went to Galway. On the 30th of July a most violent storm arose, which Lad such force on the Shannon, that its current was sto])ped for three hours, and people might walk over quite dry. It desti-oyed so much corn that wheat rose to 6s. 6d. per bushel, and barley to 20s. the Limerick barrel.^

    A large trade was carried on at this time in serges, between Limerick and Spain and Portugal ; and at this time also the glove trade in Limerick was in such a position as to attract considerable attention.^

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 165

    As the companion tells it

    The city of Limerick. In 1698 the Marquis of Winchester and the Earl of Galway, Lords Justices of Ireland, arrived here during their progress through the kingdom, and from Limerick they went on to Galway. Before their coming, Dutch guards and French refugees who had remained in the city were dismissed and ordered away, to the great relief of the citizens. William was annoyed at this step and remonstrated against it, but the Lords and Commons had decided, and the Dutch guards were shipped for Holland. On the 30th of July a most violent storm arose, with such force on the Shannon that its current was stopped for three hours, and people might walk over quite dry. It destroyed so much corn that wheat rose to 6s. 6d. per bushel, and barley to 20s. the Limerick barrel. At this time a large trade was carried on in serges between Limerick and Spain and Portugal, and the glove trade in Limerick was in such a position as to attract considerable attention.

25. Luggage boat arrives from Dublin by canal

    near O'Brien's Bridge · town · Clare · 1814

    On June 7th, a luggage boat arrived from Dublin by canal — the first to come nearer to Limerick than O'Brien's Bridge since February 1809, when the banks had burst.

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    June 7th A luggage boat arrived from Dublin by the canal— the first that had come nearer

    to Limerick than O'Brien's Bridge since February, 1809, (when the banks burst.)

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 246

    As the companion tells it

    O'Brien's Bridge was a turning point on the canal. On June 7th, 1814, a luggage boat arrived here from Dublin — the first to come nearer to Limerick than this town since February 1809, when the banks had burst.

26. Mardyke quay built by Limerick corporators

    Mardyke · street · Sligo

    The corporators of Limerick built a new quay on the large strand westward of the west water gate mill. The quay became known as the Mardyke, and its proprietors were said to be the Vincent family and heirs of Alderman Foord.

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    Whilst the state of things was thus disheartening and disagreeable, the corporators of Limerick having had time to cool down, commenced to make some improvements. On the large strand, which was then westward of the west water gate null, they built the new quay, now known by the name of the Mardyke.*

    ' Wages of Carpenters, Masons, Plasterers, &c., Is. 6d. a day— Labourers, 6d. a day.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 180

    As the companion tells it

    The Mardyke is a quay built by the corporators of Limerick on the large strand westward of the west water gate mill. They built it after a disheartening period, when they had cooled down and begun to make improvements. Its proprietors were the Vincent family and the heirs of Alderman Foord. Carpenters, masons and plasterers earned 1 shilling and 6 pence a day, and labourers earned 6 pence.

27. Mayor administers oath at Mont Pellier (O'Brien's Bridge), 1798

    near O'Brien's Bridge · town · Clare · 1798

    On Monday March 19th, Joseph Cripps, Mayor of Limerick, went as a county magistrate to Mont Pellier (O'Brien's Bridge), where the Rev. Mr. Crotty, Parish Priest, was involved in proceedings related to the oath of allegiance.

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    On Monday, 19th of JIarch, Joseph Cripps, Esq., Mayor of Limerick, as a county magistrate, •went to Mont Pellier (O'Brien's Bridge) when the Eev, Mr. Crotty, Parish Priest thereof, and

    388 HISTORY OF LIMEIilCK.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 225

    As the companion tells it

    The road passes through O'Brien's Bridge, also called Mont Pellier. On Monday, March 19th, 1798, Joseph Cripps, Mayor of Limerick, came as a county magistrate. The Reverend Mr. Crotty, the parish priest, was involved in proceedings connected to the oath of allegiance.

28. New Custom House built in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1765–1766

    Around 1765–66, a handsome and commodious Custom House was built in Limerick from a design by engineer Davis Dukart. Caleb Powell was appointed collector of the Port and became the first inhabitant of the building.

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    In 17 6o, the revenue of the port began to increase, and a very handsome and commodious Custom House was built from a design by an engineer named Davis Dukart. Caleb Powellj Esq., an ancestor of Caleb Powell, Esq., of Clonshavoj, ex-M.P. of the county of Limerick,^ was appointed collector of the Port, and was the first who inhabited the Custom House.2

    In the following year a return was made in Parliament of the number of Protestants and " Papist " families in Limerick, Tipperary, and Clare, by which appeared that the Catholics trebled in number the Protestants in these counties. There were then 38 priests, and 8 friars in the county of Limerick.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 199

    As the companion tells it

    The city of Limerick saw a new Custom House built around 1765 to 1766. The port's revenue had begun to increase, and a very handsome and commodious building was put up from a design by an engineer named Davis Dukart. Caleb Powell, an ancestor of Caleb Powell of Clonshavoy, was appointed collector of the Port and was the first to inhabit the Custom House. In the following year a return was made in Parliament of Protestant and Papist families in the city, Tipperary, and Clare, by which appeared that the Catholics trebled in number the Protestants in these counties. There were then 38 priests and 8 friars in the county.

29. Ormonde land grants in Kilkenny under Act of Settlement

    Smithstown · townland · Kilkenny · 1662

    Under the Act of Settlement, the Duke of Ormonde received extensive confiscated lands across eight counties. In Kilkenny, Smith's-town (834 acres) and New-Church (116 acres, 2 roods, 8 poles) were granted by the Duke to Robert Walsh and his heirs male at an annual rent of £5.

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    * Smith's- town contained 834 acres, and New-Church 116 acres, two roods and eight polea, and was granted by the Duke to Robert Walsh and his heirs male, for the rent of X5 a year.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 112

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, in 1662, the Duke of Ormonde granted this land under the Act of Settlement. Smith's-town held 834 acres, and New-Church held 116 acres, 2 roods and 8 poles. The Duke granted both to Robert Walsh and his heirs male, at a rent of £5 a year.

30. Ormond introduces woollen manufactures to Kilkenny

    Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny

    The Duke of Ormond introduced woollen manufactures into Kilkenny with great success, where they flourished for a long period and, despite every impediment, had not totally ceased by the time of writing.

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    It must be admitted too, that the Duke of Ormond exerted himself with very great success to introduce manufactures, particularly of woollens, into Carrick-on-Suir and Kilkenny, where they flourished for a long period, and where, notwithstanding every impediment, they have not totally ceased to this day.

    ' Thorpe's Catalogue of the Southwell MSS. * Orrery'3 State Letters.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 113

    As the companion tells it

    Kilkenny's old industry owes much to the Duke of Ormond. He worked with great success to bring manufactures, particularly woollens, into the city. They flourished for a long time. Despite every impediment, they had not totally ceased by the time this was written.

31. Parliament addresses fortifications at Limerick, 1702

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1702

    When Parliament met on 21 September 1702, the Duke of Ormonde as Lord Lieutenant spoke of the need for laws to establish the Protestant religion and specifically mentioned the necessity of providing fortifications at Limerick for the safety of the kingdom. The Bill against the growth of Popery was subsequently passed into law.

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    On the 21st of September, same year. Parliament met, when the Duke of Ormonde, as Lord Lieutenant spoke, and told them that " they should make such other laws as were wanting for the Establishment of the Protestant religion, and the welfare of the kingdom.'^ He also spoke of the necessity of providing such fortifications " as would much conduce to the safety of the kingdom, and particularly at Limerick.'''' The Bill against the growth of Popery was passed into a law. A book called " The Memoirs of King James II.''' pubHshed by Brocas and Malone, in Dublin, was ordered

    family till the reign of Queen Elizabeth. A romantic storj' is told of the manner in -which the property went into the possession of Henry O'Brien of Trummera Castle, Co. Clare, the ancestor of Daniel O'Brien, Lord Clare. Henry O'Brien, having proceeded to Carrigaholt, to remonstrate •with Teigh Keugh MacMahon, against certain outrages, the families being always on bad terms, •was struck with the beauty of MacMahon's daughter, who, in the absence of her father at the opposite side of the Shannon, received O'Brien, when a mutual attachment arose between them. On the return of MacMahon, he treacherously fell on O'Brien and his servants ; one of whom was killed. O'Brien, wounded, escaped, and lost no time in presenting himself to Queen Elizabeth, to whom he complained of the conduct of his relative MaclSIahon, who was at once declared an outlaw, and lost his estate which was granted to O'Brien. It had been agreed between O'Brien and the young lady, that the latter should hoist a black handkerchief on the northern pinnacle of the Castle, should her father arrive, by way of warning. This signal O'Brien neglected to look for ; and hence the outrage on him, and tlie disaster that befel l\IacMahon in consequence. Henry's son Daniel was knighted ; \Vas representative in Parliament for Clare, was a Member of the Supreme Council of Confederate Catholics in 1C42, and at the restoration was created Baron Moyarta and Viscount Clare. Daniel was Henry's grandson. See p. 282. ' White's MSS.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 169

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick was on the mind of Parliament in 1702. On the 21st of September that year, Parliament met, and the Duke of Ormonde, as Lord Lieutenant, spoke. He told them they should make such other laws as were wanting for the establishment of the Protestant religion and the welfare of the kingdom. He also spoke of the necessity of providing fortifications that would much conduce to the safety of the kingdom, and particularly at Limerick. The Bill against the growth of Popery was passed into a law. A book called The Memoirs of King James the Second, published by Brocas and Malone in Dublin, was ordered. The mention of Limerick by name, in the Lord Lieutenant's address, singled it out among all the places in the kingdom as a site whose fortification mattered to the safety of the whole. This was only a few years after the siege and treaty that had made Limerick a name known across Europe, and the Parliament's concern with its defences spoke to a kingdom still unsettled in its loyalties and its security.

32. Potato failure and blight 1822-1846

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1822–1846

    Potato failure occurred in 1822, blight struck in 1845, and another failure followed in 1846, documenting the progression of famine conditions.

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    Potato failure in 1822, 453 ; blight in 1845, 505 ; failure in 1846, 505; market established (1843), 601.

    Powell, family of, 356, 395 ; Caleb, memoir of, 856, 381, 743.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick saw potatoes fail in 1822. Blight struck in 1845, and another failure followed in 1846. A market had been established in 1843, between the first failure and the blight years that came after.

33. Rice family monument in St. Mary's Cathedral, Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    During Richard Arthur's episcopacy, several monuments were erected by Catholic citizens in St. Mary's Cathedral, Limerick. Dr. Thomas Arthur composed a Latin epitaph for a monument recently built for the Rice family in the Cathedral at the request of his uncle David Ryce.

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    At this time there were several monuments erected by Catholic citizens in the Cathedral of St. Mary's Dr. Thomas Arthur informs us that he was deputed by his uncle, David Ryce, to compose an epitaph for a monument recently built for the Rice family in the Cathedral, and that he composed it as follows : —

    '' Quisquis in hoc busto Eyceorum conspicis ossa Manibus exopta regna beata piis". Which he thus translates :

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 339

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick. During Richard Arthur's episcopacy, Catholic citizens erected several monuments in St. Mary's Cathedral. Dr. Thomas Arthur tells us his uncle David Ryce deputed him to compose an epitaph for a monument recently built for the Rice family in the Cathedral. He composed it in Latin: "Quisquis in hoc busto Eyceorum conspicis ossa, Manibus exopta regna beata piis." He then gave a translation.

34. Rotatory system document rescinded by Corporation

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1857

    On 10 December 1857, the Limerick Corporation unanimously rescinded and cancelled the rotatory system document of 1 December 1856, which had been found to produce anything but harmony in the council. Disputes also arose among the Protestant party over the choice of mayor.

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    The resolution and document of the 1st December, 1858, " which has been found to produce anything but harmony in the council", were unaulmooily rescinded and canceUtd.

    Fitzgerald,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 297

    As the companion tells it

    In December 1857, Limerick Corporation unanimously rescinded and cancelled the rotatory system document of 1 December 1856. It had been found to produce, in the source's words, "anything but harmony in the council." Disputes also arose among the Protestant party over the choice of mayor.

35. Ships of war arrive at Carrigaholt

    near Carrigaholt · townland · Clare · 1798

    On October 8th, five ships of war arrived in Carrigaholt: the Caesar (80 guns), Terrible (74), Superb (74), Melpomene (44), and Naid (38), as part of coastal defence during the rebellion period.

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    October 8th.— The following ships of war arrived in Carrigaholt, Cfflsar 80 ; Terrible 74 ; Superb 74 ; Melpomene 44 ; Naid 38.

    408 HISTORY OF LDIERICK.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 237

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, on October 8th, 1798, five ships of war arrived at Carrigaholt. The Caesar carried 80 guns, the Terrible 74, the Superb 74, the Melpomene 44, and the Naid 38.

36. St. Nicholas church near King's Castle, Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    The parish church of St. Nicholas in Limerick had its vicarage belonging to the college of vicars choral. No traces of this church survived; it was located near the King's Castle on the south side.

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    The parish church of St. Nicholas, Bishop and Confessor, whose festival is celebrated on the 6th of September. Its vicariate (vicarage) belongs to the college of the vicars choral. No traces of this church exist; but it was near the King's Castle, on the south side. It pays... 0 9

    The parish church of St. John the Baptist, whose festival is celebrated on the 24th day of June, ... ... 1 6

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 322

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick holds the memory of a parish church dedicated to St. Nicholas, Bishop and Confessor, whose festival was celebrated on the 6th of September. Its vicarage belonged to the college of the vicars choral. No traces of the church remain. It stood near the King's Castle, on the south side.

37. Transport ships to be inspected at Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1691

    A commissary was to be sent immediately to Cork to visit the transport ships and assess their condition for sailing. Troops to be transported were to march by the nearest way to embark there.

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    VIII — That a commissary shall be immediately sent to Cork to visit the transport ships, and what condition they are in for sailing ; and that as soon as they are ready, the troops to be transported shall march with all convenient speed, the nearest way, in order to embark there; and ii there shall be any more men to be transported than can be carried off in the said fifty ships, the rest shall quit the English town of Limerick, and march to such quarters as shall be appointed for them, convenient for their transportation, where they shall remain till the other twenty ships be ready, which may come in a month ; and may embark on any French ship that may come in the meantime.

    IX — That the said ships shall be furnished with forage for horses, and all necessary provisions to subsist the officers, troops, dragoons and soldiers, and all other persons that are shipped to be transported into France ; which provisions shall be paid for as soon as all are disembarked at Brest or Nantz, upon the coast of Britany, or any other part of France they can make.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 147

    As the companion tells it

    Cork was the port where transport ships were to be gathered and inspected. In 1691, a commissary was to be sent immediately there to visit the transport ships and see what condition they were in for sailing. As soon as the ships were ready, the troops to be transported were to march with all convenient speed, the nearest way, in order to embark at Cork. Fifty ships were allotted for the first embarkation. If there were more men than those ships could carry, the rest were to quit the English town of Limerick and march to quarters appointed for them, convenient for their transportation, and wait there until another twenty ships were ready, which might come within a month. In the meantime, any of those waiting men might embark on any French ship that arrived. The ships were to be furnished with forage for horses and all necessary provisions to subsist the officers, troops, dragoons, and soldiers, and all other persons shipped for transportation into France. Those provisions were to be paid for once all were disembarked at Brest or Nantz, on the coast of Britany, or any other part of France they could make.

38. Vicarage of Mungret taxed at £142 in 1630

    Mungret · town · Limerick · 1630

    On April 22, 1630, the Vicarage of Mungret was taxed at £142 by Francis, Bishop of Limerick, and other commissioners. The taxation and boundaries were made under Charles I.

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    1630. In this year, April 22, the Vicarage of Mungret was taxed at £142. The taxation and boundaries of this as well as of other vicarages of Ireland were made by Francis, Bishop of Limerick, and other commissioners, on October 5th, and fifth of Charles I. The taxation is quoted in Seward's Tip. Bib., ap. p. 22.

    The Erenach or Aircinneach, as well as the similar but superior officer Comharha (Coarb), corruptly written Corba or Corbe, was in ancient times the manager of church lands. By degrees the office of the erenach fell into the hands of laymen, who consequently assumed the title of archdeacons. In fact, the erenachs were the actual possessors of old church lands, out of which they paid in money or kind certain contributions for ecclesiastical purposes. The monks of Mungret were Canons Regular of the order of Augustine. It is still church land, and went into the possession of the Protestant Church in the reign of Elizabeth.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 312

    As the companion tells it

    Mungret has an old ecclesiastical history. On April 22, 1630, the vicarage was taxed at £142. The taxation and boundaries of this and other vicarages of Ireland were made by Francis, Bishop of Limerick, and other commissioners, on October 5, in the fifth year of Charles I. The monks were Canons Regular of the order of Augustine. In ancient times the erenach was the manager of church lands. By degrees the office fell into the hands of laymen, who assumed the title of archdeacons. The erenachs were the actual possessors of old church lands, out of which they paid certain contributions in money or kind for ecclesiastical purposes. The land is still church land, and went into the possession of the Protestant Church in the reign of Elizabeth.

39. Waller fails to secure surrender of Clarecastle

    near Clarecastle · population centre · Clare · 1651

    During the siege of Limerick, Sir Hardress Waller attempted to persuade the garrison of Clare Castle to surrender but failed. Ludlow, who accompanied him on the attempt, returned to the siege.

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    driven back, but a destructive fire was opened upon the Cromwellians from the wall, under cover of which the forces that made the sally returned in safety within. Sir Hardress Waller endeavoured to persuade the garrison of Clare castle to sun-ender, but he was not able. Ludlow who was with him making the experiment, returned to the siege, and great numbers of the citizens endeavoured to make their escape from the city, stricken with the plague, and spreading it among Ireton'smen. Ireton commanded them to return, threatened to shoot any who should attempt to come out for the fature, and caused two or three of them to be hanged and others to be whipped back into the city ! The daughter of a poor man was among the number he sentenced to execution, — with piteous tears and lamentations the poor man desired they should spare the daughter and put him to death — but his request was refused. The butchers hanged the daughter, and whipped the wretched father back into the city ! To add to the horror, a gibbet was raised witliin view of the walls ; two persons were executed on it ; they were condemned for something else — but they were put to death, to scare others from attempting to leave the city. The terrors of this frightful siege cannot be depicted in adequate language. Councils became divided withui the walls. Deith stalked through the streets, grim and ghastly, whilst the plague-victims lay on the foot-paths, spectacles for men to weep over. Ireton received hints that the strong were becoming weak — but, in this he was misled. The old Irish party remained firm against his advances, and the counsels of Terence O^Brien always dissipated doubt in the most alarming phases of the situation. The conduct indeed of the Bishop of Emly throughout the siege was of the most patriotic, noble and self-sacrificing character. He was offered an enormous sum of money — no less than forty thousand golden crowns,^ and permission to retire wherever he would out of the kingdom, provided he ceased to exhort the people against surrender ; but his heroic soul spumed the temptation — he had resolved to fight the good fight and win the crown that is promised to the just. When Ireton heard of the stern inflexibility of the bishop, he resolved at once to except him from anmesty, and every other condition he proposed to the besieged. He swore too, that he would visit with the most woful consequences the citizens if they hesitated to bring to him the head of the bishop, together with those of the twenty men who had voted against giving the city into his hands. A council assembled — a debate ensued. Two hundred ecclesiastics now met, and with one voice they proclaimed their determination to interpose between Ireton and the twenty he had named for death — but in vain, for all ecclesiastics were excepted. O^Daly throws out a dark hint, which is supposed to reflect on some of those who were engaged inside the walls at the time, and adds that the witnesses to the circumstances to which he alludes were in Lisbon at the moment he wrote. O^Brien offered to give himseK up, so that the others should be saved — but his proposal was rejected by the ecclesiastics. There were some men, however, not to be trusted ; and they were as well known to Ireton as to those who were about to become his victims. Fennel was one who held an important post, and who had already manifested his treasonable designs. Stackpole, the Eecorder faltered; others of the corporation wished there was an end to the siege and its horrors. Ireton fomented the divisions that had prevailed so long — he inveighed, by name, against the men who were firm, against one whom he called a soldier of fortune,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 99

    As the companion tells it

    In 1651, during the siege of Limerick, the road brings you near Clarecastle. Sir Hardress Waller came here trying to persuade the garrison of Clare Castle to surrender, but he could not. Ludlow was with him in the attempt, and when it failed, he returned to the siege. The siege was brutal. A destructive fire had been opened on the Cromwellians from the wall, and a sally was driven back under its cover. Great numbers of citizens tried to escape from Limerick, stricken with the plague, spreading it among Ireton's men. Ireton commanded them to return, threatened to shoot any who should attempt to come out, and had two or three hanged and others whipped back into the city. The daughter of a poor man was among those sentenced. With piteous tears the poor man asked them to spare his daughter and put him to death, but his request was refused. The butchers hanged the daughter and whipped the father back into the city. A gibbet was raised within view of the walls, and two persons were executed on it to scare others from attempting to leave. Inside the walls, councils were divided. The plague-victims lay on the foot-paths. Ireton received hints that the strong were becoming weak, but he was misled. The old Irish party remained firm, and Terence O'Brien always dissipated doubt. The Bishop of Emly was offered forty thousand golden crowns and permission to leave the kingdom if he ceased to exhort the people against surrender, but he refused. Ireton then excepted the bishop from amnesty and swore he would visit woful consequences on the citizens if they did not bring him the head of the bishop and those of twenty men who had voted against surrender.

40. Watch kept at Killaloe pass

    Killaloe · town · Clare · 1691

    A second party was sent on to the pass at Killaloe to keep a close watch in that quarter during the siege approach to Limerick.

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    supplies for a marching army, which was compelled to carry everything on the axle-tree.^ On the 8th an expedition of horse and dragoons with pioneers, were despatched towards the Silver Mines to mend the roads for Ginkle's heavy carriages ; and a second party went on to the pass at Killaloe to keep a close watch in that quarter. On this occasion seven or eight prisoners were taken ; and Ginkle was informed by deserters, consisting of a brigadier of guards and two horsemen, that the Irish army were encamped at or near Caherconlish ; that the Irish foot regiments were armed anew out of the stores of Limerick, and that they spoke of giving the Williamite army battle before they should approach the city. On the same day a Mr. Eichards appeared in the generaVs camp where he remained a few days j he was the bearer of a message from Baldearg O'Donnell, whose conduct as represented by Storey and the Williamite writers was of the most treacherous nature, and whom Richards, according to these authorities, represented as anxious to sell his country for a mess of pottage to its enemies.^ Eichards proceeded immediately after this interview with Ginkle, to Flanders, where William was at this time, in order to inform him of the progress of events. While at Nenagh Ginkle issued a proclamation offering pardon and employment to such of the people as would come in, and surrender themselves to him ; he gave the most hberal promises to such Irish officers and soldiers as would desert their colours, and give him leave to enrol them under the banner of Orange. The entire army then contimied their march towards Limerick, meeting with no great opposition, with the exception of some shght skirmishing between the advance guards and the Irish, who were posted outside the walls. The approaches were made in the same manner as they had been by WHKam, only, says Storey, " we drew more to the left, and nearer the Shannon, but fixed our camp further from the town.-'-' Two regiments of foot and one of horse had been left until the arrival of the cannon on the next day. When the larger part of Ginkle's men had got up, a detached body of foot, commanded by Lieut.-General Mackey, was ordered to attack Ireton's fort, and the old Church fort, where it was thought by Ginkle that the Irish had lodged a party — a line was made by Giukle's men across the fields, and these were sustained by several full regiments of foot, and a body of horse. An immediate advance was made towards both forts at the same moment — the Church fort had been deserted, and Ireton's fort was now evacunted, and its occupants retired to a small stone fort near the outworks of the city, when the attacking party came within gun-shot. In the afternoon Count Nassau with a party attacked CromwelPs fort, in which there were of the Irish 600 soldiers, from which they were dislodged, and in a

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 141

    As the companion tells it

    The town of Killaloe lies along the road, and in 1691 a pass here was watched closely. Ginkle's army was marching toward Limerick, carrying everything on the axle-tree, and on the 8th an expedition of horse and dragoons with pioneers was dispatched towards the Silver Mines to mend the roads for his heavy carriages. A second party went on to the pass here to keep a close watch in that quarter. On this occasion seven or eight prisoners were taken. Deserters came in to Ginkle's camp, a brigadier of guards and two horsemen, and they told him that the Irish army were encamped at or near Caherconlish. The Irish foot regiments had been armed anew out of the stores of Limerick, and they spoke of giving the Williamite army battle before they should approach the city. A Mr. Richards appeared in the general's camp, bearing a message from Baldearg O'Donnell. The Williamite writers represented O'Donnell's conduct as treacherous, and Richards, according to these authorities, represented him as anxious to sell his country for a mess of pottage to its enemies. Richards proceeded immediately after his interview with Ginkle to Flanders, where William was at this time, to inform him of the progress of events. While at Nenagh, Ginkle issued a proclamation offering pardon and employment to such of the people as would come in and surrender themselves to him. He gave liberal promises to Irish officers and soldiers who would desert their colours and let him enrol them under the banner of Orange. The entire army then continued their march towards Limerick, meeting no great opposition, with the exception of some slight skirmishing between the advance guards and the Irish posted outside the walls.

41. Weekly market granted at Mungret manor

    Mungret · town · Limerick · 1216

    King Henry III conceded to Edmund, Bishop of Limerick, a weekly market every Tuesday at his manor of Mungret. The bishops of Limerick continued to occasionally reside at Mungret up to the tenth century or later, as evidenced by their documents and mandates.

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    lately hostile to the crown and interest of England.' The want of a market having been thus early experienced by the busy and energetic settlers, king Henry III. in the first year of his reign, conceded to Edmund, bishop of Limerick, a weekly market, every Tuesday, at his manor of " Mungerett."^ The bishops of the see of Limerick continued occasionally to reside at Mungret up to the tenth century, if not later, as we find from some of their documents, mandates, &:c.

    In the second year of Henry III. Walter de Lacy got " plein seizen,^-* (fuU possession) of the castle of Beathar near Limerick — Patent Rolls, Numb. 3. In 1223, the 6th year of Henry III., the King ordered that none should receive a place or messuage in the cities of Limerick or Waterford, " who are strangers and do not abide in cities or good towns." — Close Rolls, No. 9. William Minntor and Adam Clericus, or Clarke, gave an account for the citizens of Limerick, of £70 of the Term of St. Michael of the 11th year, of the farm of theh manor house, and £140 for the whole of the 12th year, for the farm of said manor — in all £210.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 36

    As the companion tells it

    Through Mungret, a town in Limerick, a weekly market was granted in 1216. The settlers had been lately hostile to the crown and interest of England, but they were busy and energetic, and the want of a market had been felt early among them. In the first year of his reign, King Henry III conceded to Edmund, Bishop of Limerick, a weekly market every Tuesday at his manor there. The bishops of the see of Limerick continued to occasionally reside at the manor up to the 10th century, if not later, as we find from some of their documents and mandates. In the second year of Henry III, Walter de Lacy received full possession of the castle of Beathar near Limerick. In 1223, the 6th year of Henry III, the King ordered that none should receive a place or messuage in the cities of Limerick or Waterford who are strangers and do not abide in cities or good towns. William Minntor and Adam Clericus, or Clarke, accounted for the citizens of Limerick, £70 for the Term of St. Michael of the 11th year of the farm of their manor house, and £140 for the whole of the 12th year, in all £210.

42. Abington or Woney village and parish

    Abington · townland · Limerick

    Abington, anciently called Woney, is a small village on the river Mulchair in the barony of Owneybeg, about seven miles east of Limerick. The parish was a rectory in the diocese of Emly with a church, glebe house, and about 5,718 acres.

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    is a small fair town or rather village, situated on the little river Mulchair, in the barony of Owneybeg, county Limerick, and about seven miles east of Limerick. Its more ancient name, and that by which its history is more particularly traceable, was Woney. It gives name to

    716 HISTORY OF LIMERICK.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 419

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here is Abington, once known by its older name Woney. It is a small village on the river Mulchair, in the barony of Owneybeg, about 7 miles east of Limerick. The name Woney is the one by which its history is most particularly traceable.

43. Adare Observantine Franciscan friary founded

    Adare · townland · Limerick · 1264

    An Observantine Franciscan friary at Adare was founded by Thomas Fitzmaurice and Joan his wife in 1264, as recorded by Ware.

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    Franciscans. Limerick Askeaton Adare Adare — Observantine Franciscans, founded by Thos. Fitzmaurice and Joan his wife, A.D. 1264(T7are, vol. n. p. 28.) I Adare — Augustinians I

    Near Ballingarry — Franciscans

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 24

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Adare, an Observantine Franciscan friary was founded in 1264 by Thomas Fitzmaurice and Joan his wife. The record comes from Ware.

44. Aghadoon fort on lands of Knoctora

    Aghadoon · townland · Mayo

    An earthen dun or fort at Aghadoon, on the lands of Knoctora, about twenty feet high and thirty-six paces in diameter, planted with trees. The rampart is only about three feet high and the entrance gap is on the east side. Local reports that it was five times the height of other moats examined proved unfounded.

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    We were told of Aghadoon, stated to be only a quarter of a mile from Knocklong : it is really two miles. Here was a fort five times higher than the others. Hither we drove by Elton cross roads and Fair Green. Aghadoon is on the lands of Knoctora. It is an earthen dun, or fort, about twenty feet in height, planted, and thirty-six paces in diameter ; the area forms a hollow, from the rampart, which is only about three feet in height. The gap, or entrance, is at the east side. In these dimensions there is nothing to justify the statement that it is five times the height of the other moats examined.

    736 HISTORY OF LIMERICK.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 433

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Aghadoon there is an earthen fort on the lands of Knoctora. People had said it stood five times higher than the other moats in the district, but when it was measured that proved unfounded. It is about twenty feet high, planted with trees, and thirty-six paces across. The rampart rises only about three feet, and the area inside forms a hollow. The entrance gap faces east. The travellers who recorded it had been told Aghadoon was a quarter of a mile from Knocklong, but they found the distance was really two miles. They drove there by Elton cross roads and Fair Green. In these dimensions there is nothing to justify the old claim about its height.

45. Ardskeagh turnpike revenue during famine

    Ardskeagh · townland · Clare · 1741

    The Ardskeagh turnpike road in County Limerick averaged only £85 per year in toll revenue during the nine years ending 1741, reflecting the economic devastation of the famine period.

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    3 The returns of the Bruff or Limekiln Turnpike for the nine years ending in 1741, showed an averao^e of about £G2 per year ; Ardskeagh Turnpike, £85, and Blackboy, £195. Out of this income, wages of collectors and other monies were deducted, leaving a very small comparative nett income. To afford an idea of the character and quantity of the traffic by the principal Trunkpike (the Blackboy) in this year, we give the subjoined return from the official document,

    for one week, in June, 1742 :— ^ ^ t> tv i i? ^

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 189

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Ardskeagh, there was once a turnpike on the road. In the nine years ending 1741, it brought in about 85 pounds a year on average. The returns for the same period show the Bruff or Limekiln Turnpike at about 62 pounds, and the Blackboy at 195 pounds. Out of each income, wages of collectors and other monies were deducted, leaving what the record calls a very small comparative net income. These were the famine years, and the tolls tell their own story.

46. Bear Inn, Broad Street, Irishtown — Creagh buildings

    Broad Street · street · Limerick · 1640

    John Creagh re-erected in Broad Street in the Irishtown ancient buildings originally built in 1640 by his ancestor Pierce Creagh, known as the Bear Inn. These were considered the oldest houses in the Irishtown, with a Latin inscription on a chimney-piece.

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    * Mr. John Creagh, re-erected in Broad-street, in the Irishtown, the ancient buildings which in 1G40 had been built by his ancestor Pierce Creagh, and which had been known in tho last century as the Bear Inn. These houses were seventy feet in front, and were considered the oldest in the Irishtown. On a chimney-piece in these buildings was this inscription : —

    Petrus Creagh Filii Ande.e & Elionora Rice Uxor Ejus

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 200

    As the companion tells it

    The Bear Inn on Broad Street in the Irishtown was among the oldest houses there. Pierce Creagh built these buildings in 1640, and John Creagh, his descendant, re-erected them. A Latin inscription on a chimney-piece reads, in the original, 'Petrus Creagh Filii Ande.e & Elionora Rice Uxor Ejus' — Pierce Creagh, son of Andrew, and Eleanor Rice his wife.

47. Bishop Lacy buried at Ardagh

    Ardagh · town · Limerick · 1759

    Dr. Robert Lacy, Roman Catholic Bishop of Limerick for 21 years, died on 4 August 1759 and was interred at Ardagh, his native place, by his own orders. A humble tombstone was later erected by Dr. Young marking the grave.

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    Limerick to Ardagli, his native place, on the 5th of August, where, by his own orders, he was interred with the rest of his family, and where an humble tomb stone, which was erected by the Right Rev. Dr. Young, very many years afterwards, marks the grave of the apostolic prelate : —

    Beneath this stone are deposited

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 358

    As the companion tells it

    Ardagh is the native place of Dr. Robert Lacy, Roman Catholic Bishop of Limerick for 21 years. He died on the 4th of August 1759, and was brought here the following day. By his own orders he was buried with the rest of his family. Dr. Young erected a humble tombstone over his grave, many years later.

48. Brewery of Walker and Co. in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    A brewery operated by Walker and Co. was established in Limerick, representing commercial development in the city.

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    Brewery of Walker and Co., 436

    Brian Borhnime, his achievements, 10; wars with Danes, 10; besieges Limerick, 10; his pedigree. 11 ; death, m 1014 or 941, 12; crowned at Tara 13invades Ulster, 13; defeated at Ballysadare ' n' defeats Kinel Connel, 13; aids Malnchi against

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick was home to a brewery run by Walker and Company. That is about all the record gives — a name, a business, a place in the city. It stood as part of Limerick's commercial life, though the page tells us nothing more of its days or its fate.

49. Brian fortified Lough Gur in County Limerick

    near Lough Gur · lake or lakes · Limerick

    Lough Gur was among the places of strength erected or improved by Brian Boru in County Limerick, alongside Bruree, Duntryleague, and Knockany, as recorded by Keating.

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    * The appearance of the fort of Kiucora at this day indicates clearly that it was fortified, as its Danish name (Worsaee, quoting the Danish Sagas) Kincoraborg would also show. Keating, indeed, gives a pretty lengthened list of places of strength erected or improved by Brian, besides Kincora, within a few miles of which he repaired the round tower of Tomgranej', built a church at Inniskeltra, and erected another at Killaloe. Amongst other places we find Cahir, Cashel, Koscrea in Tipperary, and in the county of Limerick, Lough Gur, Bruree, Duntryleague and Knockany.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 16

    As the companion tells it

    Lough Gur in County Limerick was one of the places of strength erected or improved by Brian Boru. Keating gives a list of them. Besides Kincora, Brian repaired the round tower of Tomgraney, built a church at Inniskeltra, and erected another at Killaloe. Among the other places fortified were Cahir, Cashel, and Roscrea in Tipperary. In County Limerick the list names Lough Gur, Bruree, Duntryleague, and Knockany. The fort of Kincora itself still shows signs of fortification, and its Danish name, Kincoraborg, confirms it.

50. Burial of Dr. Tuohy in St. Patrick's cemetery

    Saint Patrick's Cemetery · graveyard cemetery burial ground · Mayo · 1828

    Dr. Tuohy died on the 13th of March, 1828, and was interred in the ancient cemetery of St. Patrick's, placed in the same vault as Dr. Young, with no inscription marking his sepulture.

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    struggles of clergy and people with an undivided heart and a resolute spirit. He was gifted witli much wisdom. Besides his numerous other accomplishments, he possessed a taste for music. While parish priest of Rathkeale, the people there entered into certain resolutions against the payment of more than a very trivial and insufficient sum to the pastor as dues at weddings, baptisms, etc. At a large wedding in Rathkeale, when the collection for the priest was being made, each person handed in a shilling, with a dogged determination to give no more. The good pastor took the money in the best humour, and asking the instrument from a performer who was at the feast, he played many airs with a sweetness and truth which were felt by every heart. At length, haying concluded, he took the plate, saying, '' As you have not paid the priest, I am sure you will not forget the musician". This was enough. Every one present experienced a sense of the injustice that had been done, and the utter folly and impropriety of the resolutions. Those who had come to refuse, and who did refuse, were the first to contribute liberally — a considerable sum of money Avas cheerfully given to the wise and zealous pastor, and from that time forward there was an end to the combination against paying the priest, not only in Rathkeale, but everywhere else throughout the diocese where the bad spirit had prevailed. Dr. Tuohy lived on the best terms with the Protestant bishop. Dr. Jebb;^ and the latter spoke in the most earnest and cordial teraas of Dr. Tuohy on several occasions, particulary in reference to his exertions against the Whiteboys. Dr. Tuohy died on the 13th of March, 1828, and was interred like his predecessor, in the ancient cemetery of St. Patrick's, where his remains were placed in the same vault with those of Dr. Young, and where no inscription marks the place of his sepulture.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 366

    As the companion tells it

    St. Patrick's Cemetery is an ancient burial ground in Mayo. Dr. Tuohy was interred in the same vault as Dr. Young, with no inscription marking his place of burial. He died on the 13th of March, 1828. Dr. Tuohy was a man of much wisdom, who struggled alongside clergy and people with an undivided heart and a resolute spirit. He possessed a taste for music among his many accomplishments. While he was parish priest of Rathkeale, the people there entered into resolutions against paying more than a trivial and insufficient sum to the pastor as dues at weddings, baptisms and the like. At a large wedding in Rathkeale, when the collection for the priest was being made, each person handed in a shilling, with a dogged determination to give no more. The good pastor took the money in the best humour and asked for the instrument from a performer who was at the feast. He played many airs with a sweetness and truth which were felt by every heart. When he concluded, he took the plate, saying, "As you have not paid the priest, I am sure you will not forget the musician." This was enough. Every person present experienced a sense of the injustice that had been done. Those who had come to refuse, and who did refuse, were the first to contribute liberally. A considerable sum of money was cheerfully given to the wise and zealous pastor, and from that time forward there was an end to the combination against paying the priest, not only in Rathkeale but throughout the diocese. Dr. Tuohy lived on the best terms with the Protestant bishop, Dr. Jebb, who spoke in the most earnest and cordial terms of Dr. Tuohy on several occasions, particularly in reference to his exertions against the Whiteboys.

51. Cahir Castle surprised in 1600

    Caher · town · Tipperary · 1600–1647

    Cahir Castle was surprised in 1600 during the Elizabethan wars, and later Cahir was taken by Inchiquin during the Confederate wars.

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    Cahir Castle surprised (1600), 124.

    Cahir, taken by Inchiquiu, 160.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

    As the companion tells it

    Cahir Castle was surprised in 1600, during the Elizabethan wars. Later, Cahir was taken by Inchiquin during the Confederate wars.

52. Captain Joseph Gabbett, Mayor of Limerick 1789

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1789

    Captain Joseph Gabbett of Highpark, a captain in the 66th Regiment, served as Mayor of Limerick in 1789. He was the second son of William Gabbett of Cahirline and Dorothea Burgh.

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    Captain Joseph Gabbett, of Highpark, Mayor of Limerick, 1789, Captain 66th Regiment, second son of William Gabbett, of Cahirline, and Dorothea Burgh, married Mary, daughter of the Rev. Rickard Lloyd, of Castle Lloyd, and had issue, Joseph Gabbett, of High Park, Mayor of Limerick, 1818-1819, married Lucy, daughter of Veu. William Maunsell, of Thorpe Malor, Archdeacon of Kildare, and had issue, the Rev. Joseph Gabbett, late of High Park, married Harriet, daughter of Charles Madden, of Roslea Manor, and had issue, Joseph, of the 95th Regiment. Joseph Gabbett had issue also by Lucy Maunsell, Major General William M. Gabbett, who served under Lord Gougb, in India, at the battles of Chillanwalla, Goojerat, &c., as his Lordship's Aide-de-camp,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 460

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick in 1789 had as its mayor Captain Joseph Gabbett of Highpark, a captain in the 66th Regiment. He was the second son of William Gabbett of Cahirline and Dorothea Burgh. He married Mary, daughter of the Reverend Rickard Lloyd of Castle Lloyd. They had a son, Joseph Gabbett, who also served as mayor of Limerick, in 1818 and 1819. That Joseph married Lucy, daughter of the Venerable William Maunsell of Thorpe Malor, Archdeacon of Kildare. Their children included the Reverend Joseph Gabbett and Major General William M. Gabbett, who served under Lord Gough in India, at the battles of Chillanwalla and Goojerat, as his lordship's aide-de-camp. The Reverend Joseph married Harriet, daughter of Charles Madden of Roslea Manor, and had a son, Joseph, of the 95th Regiment.

53. Carrigparson placed within Limerick city liberties

    Carrigparson · townland · Limerick · 1609

    The 1609 perambulation placed the town and lands of Carrigparson within the bounds of the county of the city of Limerick, toward the city. A boundary round or moat stood on the hill to the southeast of Carrigparson.

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    The second mear, or bound, is another round which draweth from the first, eastward, standing upon the hill south-east of Carrigparson ; the town and lands of Carrigparson lieth within the same, toward the city.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 74

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, in 1609, the boundary of the city of Limerick was walked out. The record calls the second bound a round, standing upon the hill to the southeast of Carrigparson. The town and lands of Carrigparson lay within that bound, toward the city.

54. Castlehaven takes Doneraile

    Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1645

    As part of his 1645 campaign, Confederate General Castlehaven took possession of Doneraile among other Munster strongholds.

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    On the 21st of July, 1644, Ormonde was duly sworn in Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. About this time Edmond O'Dwyer, afterwaids Bishop of Limerick, where he distinguished himself when Ireton beseiged the city, was sent to Rome by the Confederation, with a memorial to Pope Urban, praying his Holiness to promote Father Luke Wadding to the College of Cardinals. On 17th of July, Lord Inchiquin had addressed a memorial to the Parliament in England, which was signed also by Lord Broghill, Sir Percy Smith, and other distinguished officers, against the cessation of hostilities for a year, which had been signed by Ormond on the part of the King, with Lord Muskerry on the part of the Irish Confederation. Inchiquin was in consequence appomted President of Munster, which had been refused him by the King, and which was the cause of his changing to the side of the Irish Parliament. He was, however, reduced to inactivity at present by the winter and the want of supplies, and in the spring of the next year the Confederate General, Castlehaven was in the field at the head of 6000 men, with whom he overran the country, taking possession of Cappoquin, Mitchelstown, Mallow, Doneraile, the Castle of Liscarrol, and other strong places.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 88

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, in the spring of 1645, the Confederate General Castlehaven rode through with 6000 men. He overran the country and took possession of Doneraile, along with Cappoquin, Mitchelstown, Mallow, and the Castle of Liscarrol. This came after a winter of political shifts. Lord Inchiquin had addressed a memorial to the Parliament in England on the 17th of July, signed by Lord Broghill, Sir Percy Smith, and other officers, against the cessation of hostilities for a year. That cessation had been signed by Ormonde on the part of the King, with Lord Muskerry on the part of the Irish Confederation. Inchiquin was appointed President of Munster in consequence, a position the King had refused him, and this was the cause of his changing to the side of the Irish Parliament. But Inchiquin was reduced to inactivity by the winter and the want of supplies. And so in the spring of the following year, Castlehaven took the field. With 6000 men behind him, he swept through Munster, and Doneraile fell among the strong places he seized.

55. Castlehaven takes Mallow

    Mallow · town · Cork · 1645

    As part of his 1645 campaign, Confederate General Castlehaven took possession of Mallow among other Munster strongholds.

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    On the 21st of July, 1644, Ormonde was duly sworn in Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. About this time Edmond O'Dwyer, afterwaids Bishop of Limerick, where he distinguished himself when Ireton beseiged the city, was sent to Rome by the Confederation, with a memorial to Pope Urban, praying his Holiness to promote Father Luke Wadding to the College of Cardinals. On 17th of July, Lord Inchiquin had addressed a memorial to the Parliament in England, which was signed also by Lord Broghill, Sir Percy Smith, and other distinguished officers, against the cessation of hostilities for a year, which had been signed by Ormond on the part of the King, with Lord Muskerry on the part of the Irish Confederation. Inchiquin was in consequence appomted President of Munster, which had been refused him by the King, and which was the cause of his changing to the side of the Irish Parliament. He was, however, reduced to inactivity at present by the winter and the want of supplies, and in the spring of the next year the Confederate General, Castlehaven was in the field at the head of 6000 men, with whom he overran the country, taking possession of Cappoquin, Mitchelstown, Mallow, Doneraile, the Castle of Liscarrol, and other strong places.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 88

56. Castlehaven takes Mitchelstown

    Mitchelstown · townland · Cork · 1645

    As part of his 1645 campaign with 6,000 men, Confederate General Castlehaven took possession of Mitchelstown among other Munster strongholds.

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    On the 21st of July, 1644, Ormonde was duly sworn in Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. About this time Edmond O'Dwyer, afterwaids Bishop of Limerick, where he distinguished himself when Ireton beseiged the city, was sent to Rome by the Confederation, with a memorial to Pope Urban, praying his Holiness to promote Father Luke Wadding to the College of Cardinals. On 17th of July, Lord Inchiquin had addressed a memorial to the Parliament in England, which was signed also by Lord Broghill, Sir Percy Smith, and other distinguished officers, against the cessation of hostilities for a year, which had been signed by Ormond on the part of the King, with Lord Muskerry on the part of the Irish Confederation. Inchiquin was in consequence appomted President of Munster, which had been refused him by the King, and which was the cause of his changing to the side of the Irish Parliament. He was, however, reduced to inactivity at present by the winter and the want of supplies, and in the spring of the next year the Confederate General, Castlehaven was in the field at the head of 6000 men, with whom he overran the country, taking possession of Cappoquin, Mitchelstown, Mallow, Doneraile, the Castle of Liscarrol, and other strong places.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 88

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, Confederate General Castlehaven led 6000 men through Munster in the spring of 1645, overrunning the country and taking possession of Mitchelstown, along with Cappoquin, Mallow, Doneraile, the Castle of Liscarrol, and other strong places. The campaign came after a winter that had kept Lord Inchiquin inactive for want of supplies. Inchiquin had been appointed President of Munster after he addressed a memorial to the Parliament in England on the 17th of July, signed also by Lord Broghill, Sir Percy Smith, and other distinguished officers, against the cessation of hostilities that Ormonde had signed on the King's part with Lord Muskerry on the part of the Irish Confederation. That appointment had been refused him by the King, which was the cause of his changing to the side of the Irish Parliament. Before this, on the 21st of July, 1644, Ormonde was sworn in as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. About that time the Confederation sent Edmond O'Dwyer to Rome with a memorial to Pope Urban, asking his Holiness to promote Father Luke Wadding to the College of Cardinals. O'Dwyer later became Bishop of Limerick, where he distinguished himself when Ireton besieged the city.

57. Chamber of Commerce rents Limerick city tolls and customs

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1812–1813

    The Chamber of Commerce rented the tolls and customs of the City of Limerick from the Corporation for one year for £1500, reflecting the commercial life of the city.

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    In the same year the Chamber of Commerce rented from the Corporation^ the tolls and customs of the City of Limerick, for one year, for the sum of £1500.

    On the 13th of February, IROy, the freedom of the city was conferred in a " heart-of-oak box'' ornamented with gold, on Captain Michael Seymour, a citizen. Commander of the King's ship Amethyst, for his briUiant exploit in conquering the French ship Thetis with a superior force. On the 17th of the same month, in the Corporation, not yet at rest, another petition was agreed to against the assessment clauses of the Act 33rd Geo. III., and the same reasons were advanced as those already set forth in a petition, in which reference is made to the St. Michael's Commissioners' Act which had passed the year before, and a call was made for the extension of the Act to the old parts of the city, and for an additional bridge down the river Shannon, as Thomond bridge had now become inconvenient and insufficient for the traffic.!

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 240

    As the companion tells it

    The city of Limerick had its commercial life running through these streets. In 1812 the Chamber of Commerce rented the tolls and customs of the city from the Corporation, for one year, for £1500. On the 13th of February the freedom of the city was conferred, in a "heart-of-oak box" ornamented with gold, on Captain Michael Seymour, a citizen and commander of the King's ship Amethyst, for his exploit in conquering the French ship Thetis with a superior force. On the 17th of the same month the Corporation, still not at rest, agreed to another petition against the assessment clauses of the Act 33rd Geo. III. The same reasons were advanced as in an earlier petition, which referred to the St. Michael's Commissioners' Act that had passed the year before. They called for that Act to be extended to the old parts of the city, and for an additional bridge down the river Shannon. Thomond bridge had become inconvenient and insufficient for the traffic.

58. Charter for bridge and first MPs at Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    A charter was granted in aid of building a bridge at Limerick, and a city coroner was elected. The following year the city returned its first members to Parliament, and absenteeism was prohibited.

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    A charter was granted in aid of building a bridge at Limerick, and the election of a city coroner took place. ^ In the year after the city returned its first members to Parhament ; and absenteeism^ was prohibited ; whilst the fisheries still filLed the public mind with proceedings connected with them.

    Pipe Roll, 2nd and 3rd Edward III., 1328-'29.— Robert Long and William de Rupe, Bailiffs, render account of the farm of the city of Limerick, and several sums and £95 delivered to the Bishop of Limerick in recompense of the fishery of the city of Limerick.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 38

    As the companion tells it

    Limerick received a charter in aid of building a bridge, and a city coroner was elected. The following year, the city returned its first members to Parliament, and absenteeism was prohibited. Fisheries still filled the public mind with proceedings connected with them. The bailiffs Robert Long and William de Rupe rendered account of the farm of the city of Limerick, and £95 was delivered to the Bishop of Limerick in recompense of the fishery of the city.

59. Cider-making around Adare, Rathkeale, and Croom

    Adare · townland · Limerick

    Good cider was still being made in various districts of County Limerick at the time of writing, particularly around the towns of Adare, Rathkeale, and Croom, reflecting a continuing local agricultural tradition.

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    Tlie county of Limerick is situated between 52 and 53 deg. of north lat., and 9 deg. west long, from London. It is bounded on the north by Clare, the estuary of the Shannon, and Tipperary ; on the east by Tipperary, on the south by Cork, and on the west by Kerry. The surface is an imdulating plain, but the boundary over a great part of the south, and part of the east and west, is mountainous. The chief rivers, besides the Shannon, which forms its great boundary line on the north, are the Maig, Deel, and Mulcair. The Mulcair river, flowing from the Slievephelim mountains in the north-east, is greatly increased by the Newport river, which pours a large volume of water into the Shannon, three miles of Limerick. The Feale traces much of the boundary with Kerry. Lakes or ponds are not numerous, those of chief interest and size being, Coolapish, in the barony of Coonah, and Gur in that of Small County. The soil is remarkably fertile, especially in the " Corcasses" along the Shannon, and the Golden Vein, which extends from the borders of Tipperary westward, through the centre of the county, from the sources of the Mulcair to the Maig, forming an area of about 160,000 acres, equally suitable for tillage and grazing, but chiefly used for the latter. Its soil is a rich, mellow, crumbling, calcareous loam. The subsoil of the county, generally, is limestone, trap, and sandstone. The Corcasses extend fifteen miles long, from Limerick to the embrochure of the Deel, and have a soil of yellow or blue clay, thickly covered with a rich black mould. The coal, which has been observed in six beds, is soft and slaty, and was worked at Newcastle and Loughgill. Iron, copper, and lead ores occur in various parts of the county, but they have not as yet attracted the investment of capital. The occupations are chiefly agricultural ; pasturage and dairy farming are most cultivated, tillage less attended to. Large quantities of produce are exported. The manufactures are coarse woollens, flour, meal, tanning, lace, linen, and flax, the latter having lately received an additional stimulus. A good cider is still made in various districts, particularly round Adare, Rathkeale, and Croom.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 415

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, in County Limerick, the land has long fed people well. The county sits between 52 and 53 degrees north latitude, bounded by Clare and the Shannon estuary to the north, Tipperary to the east, Cork to the south, and Kerry to the west. The surface is an undulating plain, with mountains along much of the southern, eastern, and western borders. The chief rivers besides the Shannon are the Maig, the Deel, and the Mulcair. The Mulcair flows from the Slievephelim mountains in the north-east and is swollen by the Newport river, which pours into the Shannon three miles above Limerick. The soil is remarkably fertile, especially in the Corcasses along the Shannon and the Golden Vein, which runs from the Tipperary border westward through the centre of the county. That vein covers about 160,000 acres of rich, mellow, calcareous loam, suitable for tillage and grazing but chiefly used for grazing. The Corcasses stretch 15 miles from Limerick to the mouth of the Deel, their yellow or blue clay covered with black mould. The occupations here are chiefly agricultural, with pasturage and dairy farming most cultivated and tillage less attended to. Among the manufactures are coarse woollens, flour, meal, tanning, lace, linen, and flax. And the land still gives something to drink. A good cider is still made in various districts, particularly round Adare, Rathkeale, and Croom.

60. Cormac M'Cullenan bequest to Mungret, 908

    Mungret · town · Limerick · 908

    Cormac M'Cullenan, Archbishop of Cashel and king of Munster, bequeathed to Mungret Abbey three ounces of gold, an embroidered vest, and his blessing by his last will in 908. He died the following year.

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    908. Cormac M'Cullenan, Archbishop of Cashel and king of Munster, did, by his last will, bequeath to this abbey three ounces of gold, an embroidered vest, and his blessing.®

    909. Died the Abbot Maoileasil.^

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 311

    As the companion tells it

    Mungret is the town the road takes you through or near. In 908, Cormac M'Cullenan, Archbishop of Cashel and king of Munster, made his last will and bequeathed to Mungret Abbey three ounces of gold, an embroidered vest, and his blessing. He died the following year.