Memoirs of the different rebellions in Ireland, from the arrival of the English : also, a particular detail of that which broke out the XXIIId of May, MDCCXCVIII : with the history of the conspiracy which preceded it (vol. 1)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. Description of Ross as fortified trading town, weak defence against Cromwell

   New Ross · townland · Wexford

   Ross, a corporate and borough town at the junction of the Nore and Barrow rivers, was formerly a place of great strength surrounded by high walls, towers and bastions, of which considerable remains exist. It made little resistance to Cromwell despite being defended by lord Taaffe with a numerous garrison.

   Read the passage

   It was formerly a place of great ftrength, bein^ furrounded with high walls, with towers and baftions^ of which there are confiderable remains : However, it made but little refiftance to Cromwell ; though it: was defended by lord TaafFe, an able general, who had a numerous garrifon in it. It had many religious houfes, of which there are ibme remains. The whole of the town, except Friary-ftreet, South-flxeet, Northftreet^ the quays, and the fpace between them and the river, is on a very fteep defcent. It is ten miles from Waterford, nineteen from Wexford, and fixjteen from Ennifcorthy.

   In confequence of the encampment at Carrickbyrne, the Donegal, Clare, and Meath regiments of militia, detachments of the Englifti artillery, the 5th dragoons, and Mid Lothian fencibles, marched into Rofs ; and on the fourth of June, the county of Dublin regiment afforded a very feafonable reinforceinent to the garrifon. as the rebels on that evening,

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 257

2. Dragoons sent to Armagh city to quell disturbances

   near Armagh · town · Armagh · 1787

   By 1787 disturbances in County Armagh had grown so severe that two troops of dragoons were dispatched to the city of Armagh to restore order, as infantry alone proved inadequate.

   Read the passage

   In the year 1787, the difturbances rofe to fuch an alarming pitch, in the county of Armagh, that two troops of dragoons were fent to the city of Armagh to .quell them, as infantry were fouiid inadequate for that purpofe.

   At laft it became a downright religious war, and the fanaticks of one fed exercifed the mofl barbarous revenge on the innocent members of the other, for the crimes of the guilty ; but the proteftants of the ejlabliflied church were no way concerned in their difputes at that time.

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 40

3. Dublin corporation raises yeomanry regiments

   Dublin · city · Dublin · 1798

   The corporation of Dublin raised four regiments of yeomanry with uncommon speed, and their exertions preserved the metropolis from destruction during the rebellion, with the city not proclaimed until 19 May.

   Read the passage

   The loyalty, magnanimity, and firmnefs, of the cor* poratipn of DubHn, in the courfe of the confpiracy and rebellion, fhould never be forgotten. They raifed four regiments of yeomanry, with uncommori celerity ; and it is well known, that the indefatigable exertions of thofe brave corps preferved the metropolis from deflrudion. The vigilance and adivity of the corporation in enforcing the execution of the laws were fuch, as to fuperfede the neceffity of pro^ claiming the city, till the nineteenth day of May ; and many counties claimed the protection of the in-^ furrection law, two years before that period.

   BATTLE OF TARA. *

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 193

   As the companion tells it

   As you pass through Dublin, you are in a city that held firm in 1798. The corporation raised four regiments of yeomanry with uncommon speed, and their exertions preserved the metropolis from destruction during the rebellion. The vigilance of the corporation was such that the city was not proclaimed until the 19th of May, while many counties had claimed the protection of the insurrection law two years before that.

4. False report of the taking of Ross celebrated in Wexford streets

   Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

   Rebels in Wexford were so deluded that even on days they were defeated they huzzaed in the streets believing they had taken Ross, with one man riding through town waving a pistol shouting that Ross had fallen.

   Read the passage

   So completely deluded and deceived were the rebels in Wexford, that it was univerfally faid, and believed there, that they were conftantly fuccefsful ; and that the very days that they were beaten, they frequently huzzaed in the ftreets, to exprefs their joy on the taking of Rofs ; and one man rode with fpeed into the town, waving a piftol, and crying out, " Rofs is taken !"

   Mr. William Hughes, a refpedable inhabitant of Wexford, of the proteftant religion, and a rigid loyalift, generoufly entertained in his houfe fome of the wives of the officers of the North Cork regiment, after their huft)ands had retreated. Governor Keugh frequently prefted him to join his party, but he peremptorily refufed. One day he faid to him,

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 301

   As the companion tells it

   As you pass through Wexford, this is where, in 1798, the rebels were so completely deceived that they believed they were constantly winning. Even on the very days they were beaten, they huzzaed in the streets to celebrate the taking of Ross. One man rode into the town at speed, waving a pistol and crying out, "Ross is taken!" Among the town's inhabitants was William Hughes, a Protestant and a rigid loyalist, who generously took in some of the wives of officers of the North Cork regiment after their husbands had retreated. Governor Keugh pressed him repeatedly to join his party, but he refused outright.

5. Forced remarriage by priest at Clone to save a Protestant's life

   Clone · townland · Wexford · 1798

   Samuel Hendrick, captured by rebels sent from Vinegar Hill, was brought to Father Patrick Quigley, parish priest of Clone, who declared his Protestant marriage void and forced him to be remarried by a priest, paying a guinea, to save his life.

   Read the passage

   life then, he was under the neceflity of being mar--^ ried a fecond time by father Quigley, and of pay-" iiig him one guinea for celebrating the marriage rites, *

   The reader will fee fome fiiocking inftances of re« bel atrocity in the affidavits of Robert Whitney, in Appendix, No. XIX. 1 1.

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 241

6. Francis-street chapel combination against protestant dealings

   Francis Street · street · Dublin · 1795

   The Romanists in Dublin, incensed at lord Fitzwilliam's recall, formed a combination at Francis-street chapel that no papists should hold any dealings or friendly intercourse with protestants, an example followed in all other chapels.

   Read the passage

   The Romanifts in Dublin were fo much incenfed at lord Fitzwilliam's recall, that a combination was formed in Francis-ftreet chapel, that no papifts Ihould hold any dealings or any friendly i-ntercourfe with proteftants ; and their _ example was followed in> all the other chapels.

   There was to have been a charity fermon in. James's-ftreet chapel, but it was fuddenly put** off, for the purpofe of entering into this combination ; by which many of the poorer clafs of proteftants in

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 93

   As the companion tells it

   Along here, in 1795, Dublin's Roman Catholics were incensed at Lord Fitzwilliam's recall. They formed a combination at Francis Street chapel that no papists should hold any dealings or friendly intercourse with Protestants, and other chapels followed the example. A charity sermon planned for James's Street chapel was put off so that this combination could be entered into.

7. General Lake Reinforces Rathcoole

   Rathcoole · town · Dublin · 1798

   General Lake, recognizing the strategic importance of Rathcoole and its small garrison, sent a reinforcement of eighty Angus fencibles under Colonel Hunter, which ended rebel hopes of surprising the post.

   Read the passage

   General Lake, confidering the importance of the place, and the fmall force deftined for its defence, lent there a reinforcement of eighty of the Angus fencibles, commanded by colonel Hunter, an experienced officer, which completely put an end to the hopes of the rebels to furprife that poll.

   Captain Ormfby difcovered the confpiracy of his corps in the following manner: The garrifon being fhort of provifions, he went to a hill over Rathcool with a party to forage ; and finding there a fnepherd's boy, who was condantly watching his flock, he afked him, whether he had feen any people affembled on that or the adjacent hills ? and he anfwered in the negative. On which he feized him by the fhoulder, gaze him three or four fcripes wich the fcabbard of

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 155

   As the companion tells it

   Up ahead is Rathcoole, and in 1798 this place mattered enough that General Lake sent a reinforcement of eighty Angus fencibles under Colonel Hunter, an experienced officer, to strengthen the small garrison here. That ended any rebel hopes of surprising the post. There is more to it though. The garrison was short of provisions, and Captain Ormsby went up to a hill over Rathcoole with a foraging party. He found a shepherd's boy watching his flock there, and asked him whether he had seen any people assembled on that or the adjacent hills. The boy said no, so Ormsby seized him by the shoulder and gave him three or four stripes with the scabbard of his sword.

8. Green flag hoisted on Wexford barrack

   Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

   As soon as the rebels entered Wexford town, a large green flag was hoisted on the barrack, which stands on an eminence, signalling rebel control of the town.

   Read the passage

   The perfidious and cruel condud of the rebel captains and failors to their proteftant paflengers, who paid them large fums of money to convey them to- Wales, will ever remain a ftain on human nature/ As foon as the rebels entered the town, a large grega flag was hoifted on the barrack,* which is on an eminence ; but thofe who had put to fea before it ap^ peared, were fo fortunate as to efcape.

   I give an extrad from the letter of a proteftant clergyman, Mr. Handcock, (part of which I already quoted,) who retreated with his family from Ennifcorthy, to fhew the perilous and difaftrous ftate of the proteftant fugitives, " On the morning of the thirtieth of May, the day after our arrival at Wexford, in compliance with the earneft and irrefiftible adjuration of my wife, I determined on going to fea^ earelefs whither ; but fo traitorous were the boatmen, and fo refoived (as appeared in many inftances after) to deliver up the gentry to the rebels, that after bargaining with feveral of them for a boat to Waterford or Dublin, or a floop to V/ales, and being in the moft ruffianly manner infulted by the boatmen, and pelted with ftones from the fliore, I could not prevail on one of them to put off, until with a piftol in: each hand, and defperation in m^^ heart, they faw me hefitatmg, whether to blow out their brains or Kiy own."

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 283

   As the companion tells it

   As you come through Wexford town, this is where rebels seized control in 1798. When the rebels entered the town, a large green flag was hoisted on the barrack, which stands on an eminence, signalling that Wexford was now in rebel hands. Anyone who had already put to sea before the flag appeared managed to escape, but those who followed were not so fortunate. Among those caught up in it was a Protestant clergyman, Mr. Handcock, who had retreated with his family from Enniscorthy. On the morning of the 30th of May, the day after reaching Wexford, he tried to get a boat to Waterford or Dublin, or a sloop to Wales. The boatmen were treacherous, insulted him in the most ruffianly manner, and pelted him with stones from the shore. Not one would put off until, as he wrote, he stood with a pistol in each hand and what he called desperation in his heart, hesitating whether to blow out their brains or his own.

9. Hanging of Hoey and Marmion at Dundalk

   Dundalk · town · Louth · 1798

   John Hoey and Anthony Marmion, convicted of treasonable practices as Defenders, were hanged at Dundalk in the summer of 1798.

   Read the passage

   John Hoey and Anthony Marmion, convided of treafonable pradices, as defenders, and hanged at Dundalk, in the fummer of 1798 :

   Thomas Marky, condemned to die, but his fentence was mitigated to tranfportation : Bartholomew Mc. Gawley tranfported for defenderifm :

   Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 48

10. Itinerant friar M'Carry preaches union at Portaferry

    near Portaferry · town · Down · 1797

    In the summer of 1797, an itinerant friar named M'Carry preached at Portaferry in the barony of Lecale, urging Catholics and Presbyterians toward union and fraternity, before moving on to Newtownards. Mr. Savage of Portaferry threatened to imprison him for seditious doctrines unless he left the country.

    Read the passage

    In the fummer of 1797, one M'Carry, an itinerant friar, continued to preach in thefe counties, at Portaferry, in the barony of Lecale, and thence to Newtownards, to the populace of both perfuafions, in popifh chapels, and in the fields ; and to recohimend to them union and fraternity, on grounds of chriftian benevolence.

    His audience was always very numerous ; but Mr. Savage of Portaferry, having been informed that he preached feditious dodrines, threatened to commit him to prifon, unlefs he quitted the country immediately.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 124

11. John Foster's Suppression of Defenders in Louth

    Louth · town · Louth · 1792

    John Foster, speaker of the House of Commons, personally undertook vigorous efforts to suppress the Defenders in County Louth, at times risking his own life in the process.

    Read the passage

    mons, whofe adivity as a ufeful country gentleman, could be equalled by nothing, but the zeal and wifdom which he ever difplayed in parliament, for the improvement of its trade, manufadures and finances, gave them a complete overthrow, by the mod vigorous and unabated exertions, in the courfe of which his life was often endangered.

    In the county of Louth, they marched in great numbers, and in regular array, to their mafs-houfes, to fairs and patrons, and were at times heard to declare, that they would not fuffer any proteftant to live in the country.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 48

12. Laurence Byrne's attacks at Ballysax

    Ballysax · parish · Kildare · 1798

    Laurence Byrne, a blacksmith protected by the Annesley family at Ballysax, tried repeatedly to stab Mr. Annesley with a pike, then compelled him and his nephew at pistol-point to go to Knockallin camp.

    Read the passage

    One of the leaders of this party was Laurence Byrne, a blackfmith, who lived under and was kindly proteded by Mr. Annefley's family, at Ballyfax. This ruffian made feveral attempts to ftab him with a pike,, but was prevented. He repaired the fame evening to Ballyfax, with a cocked piflol, and compelled Mr. Annefley and his nephew to go to Knockallin camp.

    All the proteftant clergy in the county of Kildanr, except one, * were obliged to fly from their houfes.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 171

13. Lord Mayor's Arms Registration Proclamation

    Dublin · city · Dublin · 1798

    The Lord Mayor of Dublin, Thomas Fleming, issued a proclamation requiring citizens to register or surrender all arms and ammunition, and to post lists of household occupants on their doors, under threat of being sent into the navy.

    Read the passage

    " Whereas the circumftances of the prefent crifis demand every poiiible precaution : Thefe are therefore to defire all perfons who have regiftered arms forthwith to give in, in writing, an exact lift or inventory of fuch arms at the town clerks' office, who will file and enter the fame in a book to be kept for that purpofe ; and all perfons who have not regiftered their arms are hereby required forthwith to deliver up to me, or fome other of the magiftrates of this city, all arms and ammunition of every kind in their poffeffion : And if, after this proclamation, any perfcn having regiftered their arms ftiall be found not to have given in a true Hft or inventory of fuch arms ; or if any perfon who has not regiftered, fhall be found to have in their power or polTeffion any arms or ammunition whatever, fuch perfon or perfons will, on fuch arms being difcovered, be forthwith fent on board his majefty's navy, as by law direded.

    " And I do hereby defire that all houfe-keepers do place upon the outfide of their doors a lift of all perfons in their refpedive houfes, diftinguifhing fuch 9f3 are ftrangcro from thofe who adually make part

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 151

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Dublin, this is a story from 1798. The Lord Mayor, Thomas Fleming, issued a proclamation. He said the circumstances of the present crisis demanded every possible precaution. Anyone who had already registered arms had to give a written inventory of them to the town clerk's office, where it would be filed and entered in a book kept for that purpose. Anyone who had not registered their arms had to surrender them at once, all arms and ammunition of every kind, to the Lord Mayor or another magistrate of the city. The threat was severe. If a registered person was found not to have given a true list of their arms, or if an unregistered person was found with any arms or ammunition in their possession, that person would be sent on board his majesty's navy, as by law directed. Fleming also ordered every housekeeper to place on the outside of their door a list of all persons in the house, distinguishing strangers from those who actually made part of the household.

14. Mail-coach destroyed near Naas

    Naas · town · Kildare · 1798

    Captain Langton received intelligence on the road that the mail-coach had been destroyed near Naas by rebels who had been ravaging the surrounding country with fire and sword the previous night.

    Read the passage

    feize him ; but he narrowly efcaped, after having been feverely wounded. He received intelligence on the road, that the mail-coach had been deftroyed near Naas by the rebels ; who, in large bodies, had been defolating the preceding night all the country contiguous to thofe towns with fire and fword. -

    The loyal inhabitants of Rathangan were in the utmoft confternation all that night, as they could difcern, from the tops of their houfes, a great number of habitations on fire in the adjacent country ; and their owners, who were all proteftants, came flocking into the town, after having narrowly efcaped with their lives. They could alfo perceive multitudes of the rebels moving round the fires ; and could hear them uttering the mod dreadful fliouts and veils.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 168

    As the companion tells it

    You are coming near Naas, a town in Kildare that saw terrible violence in 1798. Captain Langton, travelling this road, got word that the mail-coach had been destroyed near here by rebels. They had been out the whole night before, in large bands, burning homes and laying waste to the country all around the town with fire and sword.

15. Multitude of Friars in Dublin Before 1641

    Dublin · city · Dublin · 1641

    Lord Chief Justice Lowther, at the trial of Sir Phelim O'Neil, described the extensive religious infrastructure of Roman Catholics in Dublin before the 1641 rebellion, noting a secular priest's remark that counting the friars in Dublin was as hard as counting the frogs of Egypt's plague.

    Read the passage

    in the land ; befides their abbots, priors, monks, nuns, jefuits, friars, monafteries, nunneries, and other religious houfes, and convents in the principal cities and towns of the land, even in the city of Dublin, the refidence of the ftate ; fo that father Harris, a fecular prieft of their own, publifhed in print, " that it was as hard to find what number of friars were in DubHn^ as to count how many frogs there were in the fecond plague of Egypt."

    " Befides the exercife of their fuperflitious rite? and ceremonies, they had alfo papal jurifdidion, as by law they had vicars general, and kept their provincial courts and confiftories, and excomniunicated the people, delivering them unto fatan. Their lawyers, (heriffs, and juftices of the peace were not required to take the oaths of allegiance and fupremacy, which \vere not difpenfed with as to proteftants ; and all thefe popilh lawyers, priefls, jefuits, and friars, were the principal incendiaries and fire-brands in the rebellion ; and the publick burthens and charges of the commonwealth were more borne by the proteflants than by them, in proportion to their numbers, and the quality of poffeffors of inheritance."

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 25

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Dublin, this city held a vast Roman Catholic religious presence before the 1641 rebellion. Lord Chief Justice Lowther, at the trial of Sir Phelim O'Neil, described abbots, priors, monks, nuns, Jesuits, and friars filling the city, even though it was the seat of the state. Father Harris, a secular priest, put it in print that "it was as hard to find what number of friars were in Dublin as to count how many frogs there were in the second plague of Egypt." Beyond worship, they kept papal jurisdiction with vicars general, provincial courts, and consistories, excommunicating people and, in Lowther's words, "delivering them unto satan." Their lawyers, sheriffs, and justices of the peace were not required to take the oaths of allegiance and supremacy, unlike Protestants. Lowther called these priests, Jesuits, and friars the principal incendiaries in the rebellion, and said the public burdens of the commonwealth fell more heavily on Protestants than on them.

16. Plotters committed to Mullingar gaol for conspiracy to murder Clibborne

    Mullingar · town · Westmeath · 1798

    In early February 1798, two men named Come and Carbery were committed to Mullingar gaol for conspiring to murder George Clibborne, captain of the Moate cavalry, sent from Dublin by the United Irishmen.

    Read the passage

    In the beginning of February, two ruffians of the names of Come and Carbery, were committed to MuUingar gaol for having confpired to murder George Clibborne, eiquire, captain of the Moate cavalry ; and four more to Philipftown gaol, for having combined to alTaflinate Richard Holmes, efquire, of Profpeft ; two gentlemen dillinguifhed for their fpirited exertions in enforcing the execution of the laws. Thefe alTaffins were fent from Dubhn by the united Irilhmen, to commit thefe horrid crimes.

    An attempt was made on the life of Mr. Darragh, of Eagle-hill, in the county of Kildare, an a(5tive magiflrate, who was fo obnoxious to the rebels on. account of his zealous loyalty, that many plots were formed againd his life ; but in order to provoke the vengeance of the difaffected, a report was circulated that he had taken an oath not to defift in his exertions, till he had waded up to his ankles in the blood of Roman cathoUcks. This report was propagated while he was abfent in England. At his return he made publickly an affidavit, that he had never harboured fuch a fentiment. But this would not do ; for he was condemned to die by a committee of aflaffination that fat in the neighbourhood.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 133

17. Plunder and burning at Gurteen

    Gurteen · street · Galway · 1798

    Rebels proceeded from Carbury towards Johnstown, burning Protestant houses, and their progress ended at Gurteen, where they plundered and burned the house of Mr. Metcalf.

    Read the passage

    During this reprefentation to adminiftration, the rebels burned the proteftant charter-fchool at Carbery, and feveral houfes of proteftants in it and its vicinity. They then proceeded towards Johnftown, burning all the proteftant houfes they met with in their progrefs, which terminated at Gurteen, where they plundered and burned the houfe of Mr. Metcalf.

    Mr, Barlow, fecond lieutenant of the Cionard corps, marched out with part of his guard, and being joined by captain O'Ferrall, purfued the rebels to Guiteen; but finding they were pofted behind hedges^ at each fide of the road, which was fo dedp mid fo narrow, that the cavalry, though expofed to the enemy's fire, could not deploy, or make any offenfive or defenfive operations, they were tinder the neceffity of retiring.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 175

    As the companion tells it

    Along here in 1798, rebels making their way from Carbury towards Johnstown burned every Protestant house they met with, and their progress ended at Gurteen, where they plundered and burned the house of Mr. Metcalf. Mr. Barlow, second lieutenant of the Clonard corps, marched out with part of his guard and was joined by Captain O'Ferrall. They pursued the rebels here, but found them posted behind hedges at each side of the road. The road was so narrow and so deep that the cavalry, though exposed to the enemy's fire, could not deploy or make any offensive or defensive operations, and they were under the necessity of retiring.

18. Plunder of Mr D'Arcy's house and destruction of bank notes in Wexford

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

    A rebel involved in plundering Mr D'Arcy's house was seen in the streets of Wexford tearing bank notes and swearing to ruin all the banks in Ireland, reflecting the rebel prohibition on bank note circulation.

    Read the passage

    A perfon of the utmoil veracity aifured me, that in his prefence a rebel, who had been concerned in the plunder of Mr. D'Arcy's houfe, pulled out of his pocket a large quantity • of bank notes, in the ftreets of Wexford, and tore them ; fwearing at the fame time, with much vehemence, that he would ruin all the banks' in Ireland.

    The narrow efcape of Mr. Milv/ard, an oiTicer in the Wexford militia, and Mr. Richard Newtown King, a magiflrate of the. county, will fnew the reader with what malignant z;eal the rebels fearched for proteftants, whom they denominated orangemen. * Thefe gentlemen lay concealed at the houfe of Mr. Hatchel, f fon-in-law of Dr. Jacob.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 289

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Wexford, you are on the ground where the 1798 rebellion left its mark. A rebel who had helped plunder Mr D'Arcy's house stood in the streets of this very town, pulled a large quantity of bank notes from his pocket, and tore them to pieces. He swore, with great vehemence, that he would ruin all the banks in Ireland. The rebels had prohibited the circulation of bank notes, and this man meant to see that through by hand. In the same town, Mr Milward, an officer in the Wexford militia, and Mr Richard Newtown King, a county magistrate, lay concealed at the house of Mr Hatchel, son-in-law of Dr Jacob, while rebels searched for Protestants they called orange men.

19. Priests among rebel army at camp of Vinegar Hill

    near Vinegar Hill · hill or hills · Wexford · 1798

    The pardoned rebel Doyle related that he believed the priests promoted the rebellion to the utmost of their power, and that twenty-eight of them were present in the rebel army at the camp of Vinegar Hill.

    Read the passage

    Very early in the rebellion, two men of the names of Doyle and Lancafter, were found in arms near Glenmalur. The former, a papilt, was condemned to die ; but it appearing that he was more than once inftrumental in faving the life of Lancafler, who was a loyal man, and had been compelled to join the rebels, he was pardoned the intercefiion of captain King and Ifaac Eccles, efquire, two magiftrates. When the mitigation in his fentence was communicated to him, he related feveral circumftances concerning the rebellion ; among others, that he , , believed the priefts promoted the rebellion to the utmoft of their power, and that twenty-eight of them were in the rebel army at the camp of VinegarhilL

    In

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 200

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Vinegar Hill, where the road passes through the heights above Enniscorthy. In 1798 this was the great camp of the rebel army. A man called Doyle, condemned to die for bearing arms early in the rebellion, was pardoned after he saved the life of Lancaster, a loyal man forced to join the rebels. When his pardon was communicated to him, Doyle related several circumstances concerning the rebellion. He said he believed the priests promoted the rebellion to the utmost of their power, and that 28 of them were in the rebel army at the camp of Vinegar Hill. So these heights held not just fighters but, by Doyle's account, nearly thirty priests among the rebel ranks.

20. Proliferation of protestant refugees fleeing to town of Roscommon

    Roscommon · town · Roscommon · 1795

    In the year 1795 so many protestant families fled to the town of Roscommon for protection that they could scarcely find accommodation there.

    Read the passage

    In the year lygs^ fo many proteftant families fled to the town of Rofcommon for protection, that they Gould fcarce get accommodation there.

    This year, the fum applied for to the grand juryby different perfons who fuffered in the county of Meath, from the enormities committed by the defenders, fuch as houghing cattle, and plundering and burning houfes, amounted to lyooL

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 99

21. Protestants garrisoned at Reverend Richards' house at Grange

    Grange · townland · Wexford · 1798

    George Horneck and other protestants kept garrison at the house of the Reverend John Richards of Grange, a clergyman of the established church, before rebels sent word threatening them.

    Read the passage

    The fufferings of Mr. George Horneck and hi^ family, a very refpedable farmer, of Girrane in the county of Wexford, merit a circumftantial relation. From confiderable opulence, he was reduced to very great indigence by the rebellion. He had three fons, remarkably handfome, and efteemed for their good deportment. One of the name of George, had been bred in the univerfity of Dublin, and was enrolled in Mr. Ogle's corps ; another, called Robert, was bound to an apothecary, in Ennifcorthy. They fliewed great valour in defence of ^ that town, but were overtaken and feized in their retreat towards Wexford by a party of rebels commanded by Robert Carthy, of Ballyhogue,* who put George to a cruel death. They conducted Robert to the camp at Vinegar-hill, as a prifoner. The rebels then ient to his father, v/ho, with other proteftants, was keeping- garrifon at the houfe of the reverend John Richards, cf Grange, ! a clergyman of ti: e eftablifhed religioi^, to inform him, that if he

    would

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 240

22. Rebel boasts of leading Ballaghkeene men at Battle of Oulart

    Oulart · town · Wexford · 1798

    A papist prisoner in Wexford gaol, committed by mistake, told a priest that he had led the Ballaghkeene men at the battle of Oulart, fighting for the mass, the cross and the lamb, and was thereupon released.

    Read the passage

    to hJm on the injuflice of confining him : "For," laid he, " you know as well as I do, that we are fighting for the mafs, the crofs and the lamb. It v/as I that led on the Ballaghkeene men at the battle of Oulart." On faying" this, the priefc had him re leafed. *

    It was refolved at the rebel camp near Rofs, immediately after the victory obtained by the king's troops, to put all the proteftants to death. Mr. Meadows was at that time in the prifon-fhip in the harbour of Wexford. A rebel, who had a warm regard for him, having made his efcape from the camp, repaired to Wexford, and told Mr. Meadows^s brother, vvho vvas not in confinement, that the prifonfliip would- probably be funk that night ; and he urged him to prevail on Mr. Corrin, the prieft, who, he faid, had m.ore influence than anv other individual m the town, to have his brother releafed.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 296

23. Rebel guard camp at Upton house

    Upton · townland · Wexford · 1798

    While Mr. Clifford lay delirious for a month, his house was occupied by rebel guards who were daily relieved from a neighbouring camp at Upton, the seat of Mr. James White.

    Read the passage

    As this amiable gentleman was diflinguiflied for general benevolence, and every good quahty that could endear, it was believed that he had not an enemy on earth ; but his religion was his only crime. Mr. Clifford, who might have foothed the anguilh of his aged mother-in-law, Mrs. D'Arcy, and Mrs. Bur- Towes and her five orphans, was, conveyed, Vv'ith his poor fervant, on a car to his houfe, where he continued delirious, and in convulfions for a month ; during which time his affli£ted wife and fix children daily expeded his diffolution ; and to heighten their diftrefs, the houfe was occupied by a, party, of rebel guards, who were daily reHeved from a neighbouring camp at Upton, f the feat of Mr. James White. While they continued prifoners at Caffle-annefleyj

    theij

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 224

24. The Popish Parliament of 1689 in Dublin and the Bill of Attainder

    Dublin · city · Dublin · 1689

    A popish parliament sat in Dublin in 1689 and passed a bill of attainder against all Protestant landholders of the kingdom, according to James II's diary found in Paris and Harris's account, though Todd Jones denied this occurred.

    Read the passage

    He denies that the popilh parliament, which fat m -Dublin in the year 1689, P^^^^d a bill of attainder againfi all the proteftant landholders of the kingdom^ though James II. acknowledged in his diary, found in the Scotch college at Paris, that he gave his aflent to it with reluctance, and merely to gratify his Irifh Roman caiholick fubjecis ; and Harris, in his life of king V/iiliam, declares, that he found it in the Rolls office ; but .all ths ads palTed by king James's parliament were afterwards burnt by the hands of the common hangman ; and therefore Mr. Jones denies that it ever paffed, and aflerts, that it was fabricated by archbifliop King, who gives a copy of it.

    The firft fociety of united Irifhmen at Belfaft pubhfhed their plan or profpe6!us in the Northern Star in October, i79i;> though it had been fabricated in Dublin.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 66

    As the companion tells it

    As you travel through Dublin, you are moving through the city where a parliament sat in 1689 and passed a bill of attainder against all Protestant landholders of the kingdom. James II acknowledged in his diary, later found in the Scotch College at Paris, that he gave his assent with reluctance, merely to gratify his Irish Roman Catholic subjects. Harris, in his life of King William, declares he found it in the Rolls office, but all the acts passed by James's parliament were afterwards burnt by the hands of the common hangman. Mr. Jones denies it ever passed at all, and asserts it was fabricated by Archbishop King, who gives a copy of it.

25. Trial of Peter Crawley at Wexford

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

    Peter Crawley was tried and convicted at Wexford for being actively concerned in the massacre scene at Kyle, based on the evidence of Richard Foxton and William Edwards.

    Read the passage

    filler to general Tottenham. From a defire to ferre his king and country, he entered as a private into the Ballaghkeene cavalry. Captain White then repaired to iriand4 the feat of Mr. Bolton, within two miles of Kyle, and recommended to him to repair immediately to Gorey, for protection. Mr. Bolton,- and his family, confilling of Mrs. Bolton and ten children, fucceeded in efcaping to Gorey, but were flopped in their way by a party of rebels^ who difarmed, and were on the point of murdering them and their fervants.§ On that moi'ning the houfes of Mr. D'Arcy and Mr. Bolton were plundered and burnt. Captain White was induced to go to the houfe of Kyle, by the great volume of Imoke which iffued from it ; and on his arrival there, he beheld that heart-rending icene of mifery which I have already defcribed. At fome diflance from the houfe, he met William Edwards, one of Mr. Burrowes's protellant guards^ whom the rebels had left for dead ; but as they had not touched any vital part, he rofe, as if from a trance, and, through exceflive weaknefs, tottered every ftep in endeavouring to m.ake his efcape. His arm was broke j he had many ghaflly wounds, and he was covered with blood. ^ On the fixteenth of November, 1798, Peter Crawley was tried and convicled at Wexford, of having been adively concerned in this woeful fcene^ on the evidence of Richard Foxton and William Edw^ards ; and they proved that feme of the rebels declared at Kyle, that all proteflants ihould be killed, as they were not chriflians ; and<:hat Mr. Burrowes cried out for mercy when he furrendered himfelf to father Murphy, but was immediately butchered.

    Mr. W"hite made many attempts to go to his own houfe ; but as all the avenues to it were occupied by detachments of the rebels, who afterwards plundered

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 221

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Wexford, you're in the town where Peter Crawley was tried and convicted on the 16th of November 1798, for his part in what the record calls "this woeful scene" at Kyle. Two witnesses, Richard Foxton and William Edwards, gave evidence against him. Edwards had been one of Mr. Burrowes's Protestant guards, left for dead by the rebels. His arm was broken, he had ghastly wounds, and he was covered in blood. He rose, tottering with weakness, and managed to escape. Foxton and Edwards testified that rebels at Kyle declared all Protestants should be killed, as they were not Christians. They told the court that Mr. Burrowes cried out for mercy when he surrendered himself to Father Murphy, but was immediately butchered.

26. United Irishmen Resolve on Catholic Emancipation at Templepatrick

    Templepatrick · townland · Antrim · 1791

    A society of united Irishmen assembled at Templepatrick, county Down, on 19 December 1791, soon after the institution's formation, resolved to promote Catholic emancipation and parliamentary reform, asserting that religious animosities prevented true emancipation.

    Read the passage

    In a fociety of united Irifhmen affembled at Temple Patrick, in the county of Down, on the nineteenth of December, 1791, which was foon after the formation of the inftitution, and fhows how rapidly it fpread, they refolved to promote Catholick emancipation, and a reform of parliament ; and affert, that whilft an extra-national government retains the power of the national purfe, and whilfl religious animofities, under the diredion of infidious adminiflrations, continue to difunite Irifhmen, it is vain to expe£t emancipation, or the blefTmgs of a free conflitution. Vol. I. K The

    130 MEMOIRS OF THE DIFFERENT

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 75

27. Wexford town fortified with barriers

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

    The military and loyal inhabitants of Wexford began fortifying the town with barriers at the avenues leading into it, requiring passes to enter. The barriers consisted of stone walls with removable timber blocks to allow cavalry and patrols through.

    Read the passage

    On Monday the twenty-eighth day of May, the military and loyal inhabitants of Wexford, began to put k in a ftate of defence, by forming barriers at the different avenues leading to it, through w^hich no perfon was allowed to go, without a pafs obtained from the chief magiftrate of the tmvn, or one of the officers on guard. The barriers confifted of walls rudely made of large ftones, with an interval in the centre, which was filled up with large blocks of timber, occafionally removed, to let the cavalry, patroles and videttes, pafs and repafs. On Tuelday the twenty-ninth of May, a detachment of the Donegal regiment, and fome yeomen corps, marched in. On Wednefday the thirtieth of May, about four o'clock in the morn« jng, the drums beat to arms, on receiving intelligence, that a detachment of the Meath regiment had been cut off; at which the people, being much alarmed, ran about the town in great confufion, and numbers of them went on board veffels in the river, failed out of gun-fliot, and remained at anchor, waiting the event of an attack, which they expeded would be made on the town. The confternation was rauch increafed by the following circumftances : At a very early hour they beheld the remote end of the

    wooden

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 245

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Wexford, this is the town that in May 1798 threw up barriers at every avenue leading in. On Monday the 28th of May, the military and loyal inhabitants built walls of large stones, with timber blocks set in the centre that could be pulled out to let cavalry and patrols through. No one passed without a pass from the chief magistrate or an officer on guard. The next day, a detachment of the Donegal regiment and some yeoman corps marched in. Then on Wednesday the 30th, around four in the morning, the drums beat to arms on word that a detachment of the Meath regiment had been cut off. People ran through the streets in confusion, and many climbed aboard vessels in the river, sailed out of gunshot, and anchored there waiting for an attack they expected would be made on the town.

28. Catholic meeting at Francis-street chapel hears Keogh's report

    Francis Street · street · Dublin · 1795

    On 9 April a meeting of Roman catholick gentlemen and tradesmen of Dublin was convened at Francis-street chapel to receive the report of their delegates, where John Keogh gave a speech hinting at future discontent.

    Read the passage

    On the ninth of April, a meeting of the Romar; catholick gentlemen ^nd tradefmen of Dublin was convened by publick notice at Francis-ftreet chapel, to receive the report of their delegates, who had prefented their petition at Su James's,.

    Mr. John Keogh, ftated, that the only anfwer they could get from the duke of Portland was, th^t his majefty had communicated his wifties on thiq head to the lord lieutenant of Ireland.'"

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 95

    As the companion tells it

    Along here on Francis Street, in April 1795, a meeting of Catholic gentlemen and tradesmen of Dublin gathered at the chapel to receive the report of their delegates, who had presented a petition at St James's. John Keogh told them the only answer they could get from the Duke of Portland was that his majesty had communicated his wishes on this head to the lord lieutenant of Ireland.

29. Coolgreny corps yeomen dismissed for refusing test oath

    Coolgreany · town · Wexford · 1797–1798

    Fourteen Roman Catholics of the Coolgreny corps, commanded by captain John Beauman, refused to take the test oath and were therefore dismissed from the yeomanry.

    Read the passage

    counties of Wicklow, Dublin, and Wexford, by whom it was propofed to be taken ; and it pi oduced univerfally the fame effect, as almoft the whole of the popiih yeomen refufed to take it. and who were therefore difmifTed, which tended much to flrenghten the caufe of loyalty ; as fome corps were purged of many traitors by it. Fourteen Roman catholicks of the Coolgreny corps, commanded by captain John Beauman, refufed to take it, and were therefore difmiffed.

    In the Caftletown corps, commanded by captain Grogan KnoXg there were about fifty papifts, and ten proteflants. The captain intended to propofe the abov^e tell oath to be taken, but was diffaaded by his two Heutenants, Hr Thomas Efmond and Laurence Doyle, both papifts ; but as the difaffedion of ths popifh members was very ftrongly fufped:ed, the gentlemen of the county infifted on having them dif^ miffed J which was very fortunate, as niany of them were afterwards hanged, or Ibot, for having been concerned in the rebellion,

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 200

30. Murder of Reverend Mr. Knipe near Clonard

    Clonard · town · Meath · 1797

    On 30 April 1797, the reverend Mr. Knipe, a protestant clergyman, was murdered by a party of ruffians who forcibly entered his house near Clonard, in the county of Meath.

    Read the passage

    On the thirtieth of April, 1797, the reverend Mr* Knipe, a proteftant clergyman, was murdered by a party of ruffians, who forcibly entered his houfe, near Clonard, in the county of Meath.

    It had been the invariable policy of the leaders of the confpiracy to announce an efibrt as at hand, to keep up the fpirits of the people, though it was not really intended: However, in fpring 1797, a plan was ferioully difciiffied by the leaders theil affembled in Dublin, for commencing a general rifmg, without waiting for foreign affiftance ; but as this fcheme did not meet with, the approbation of the Dubliii part of the committee, it was laid afide ; and, in confequence of it, a coolnefs took place between the Ulfler and Leinfter delegates, which materially retarded the progrefs of the confpiracy.*

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 114

    As the companion tells it

    As the road takes you through Clonard in County Meath, this town sits near the site of a killing on the 30th of April 1797. The Reverend Mr. Knipe, a Protestant clergyman, was murdered when a party of ruffians forcibly entered his house nearby. His death came amid conspiracy that spring, when leaders assembled in Dublin seriously discussed a general rising without waiting for foreign assistance. That scheme was laid aside after the Dublin part of the committee withheld approval, and a coolness took place between the Ulster and Leinster delegates.

31. Navan cavalry reconnoitres rebels near Dunshaughlin

    Navan · town · Meath · 1798

    Captain Preston of the Navan cavalry, having learned the Reay Fencibles would pass through Navan, resolved to join them and attack the rebel force he had reconnoitred in great strength at Dunshaughlin.

    Read the passage

    In confequence of this, captain Molloy apprized ihe different yeomen officers of thefe alarming circumftances ; and recommended to them to be ia readinefs. Captain Prefton, commanding the Navaa cavalry, having been informed that the Rea fencibles were to be in Navan on the night of the twenty-fifth of May, on their route to Dublin, refolved to joia them, in hopes of being able to obtain their co-operation in attacking next day the rebels, whom he had reconnoitred in great force, at Dunfliaughlin ; and they having complied, and all the yeomanry ia the adjacent country having joined them, they proceeded at break-of-day, on the morning of the twenty.fixth of May, from Navan, to attack the enemy at Dunfhaughlin.

    On their arrival there, they found that the rebels had changed their pofition ; and as they could not karn whither they had gone, the Rea fencibles, having refolved to quit them, fet out for DubHn, and the yeomanry determined to retire to their refpedive homes, which would have been fatal to the whole country, as the rebels would have fpread univerfal defolation.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 194

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through the town of Navan, this is where Captain Preston of the Navan cavalry made his move in May 1798. He had learned the Reay Fencibles would be in Navan on the night of the 25th of May, on their route to Dublin, and he resolved to join them. His hope was to get their help in attacking the rebels he had reconnoitred in great strength at Dunshaughlin. The Fencibles agreed, and yeomanry from the surrounding country joined them too. At break of day on the morning of the 26th of May, they set out from Navan to attack the enemy at Dunshaughlin. When they got there, the rebels had changed their position, and no one could find out where they had gone. The Reay Fencibles quit them and headed for Dublin, and the yeomanry went home, which the record says would have been fatal to the whole country, as the rebels would have spread universal desolation.

32. Arklow corps patrol near Gorey captures wounded rebel

    Gorey · town · Wexford · 1798

    Part of the Arklow corps quartered at Gorey patrolled the country on the night of 27 May and took up a wounded rebel, whose life they promised to spare if he disclosed what he knew of the United Irish business.

    Read the passage

    Part of the Arklow corps quartered at Gorey, patroled the country on the night of the twenty^ lerenth of May, and in doing fo, took up a wounded rebel, w^hofe life they promifed to fpare, if he would difclofe what he knew of the united bufmefs ; on W'hich he freely and' voluntarily confeiTed, before many refpeclable witnelTes, " That he had been.

    fwora

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 204

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Gorey, you are in a town with a piece of 1798 history. On the night of 27 May, part of the Arklow corps quartered here patrolled the country and took up a wounded rebel. They promised to spare his life if he disclosed what he knew of the United Irish business, and he freely confessed before many respectable witnesses that he had been sworn.

33. Assault on protestant farmer Edward Stacey at Tomgar

    Tomgar · townland · Wexford · 1798

    Edward Stacey, a protestant farmer of Tomgar, received barbarous treatment from four ruffians sent from the Vinegar Hill camp in quest of protestants; the author saw his wound after it had healed.

    Read the passage

    I fnall alfo refer the reader to Appendix, No. XIX. 4, for the barbarous treatment whidi Edward Stacey, a proteftant farmer, of Tomgar, received from four ruffians, who were fent from the camp in queft of proteftants. I faw the wound which he received, foon after it was healed.

    The gangs of pikemen who were fent to roam the country in queft of proteftants, to fupply the grand flaughter-houfe at Vinegar-hill, could not reftrain

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 234

34. Belfast Town-Meeting Resolves to Petition for Repeal of Popery Laws

    near Belfast · city · Antrim · 1792

    At a town-meeting held in Belfast on 28 January 1792, in a Presbyterian meeting-house, with Rev. Sinclare Kelburn in the chair, attendees resolved to petition parliament to repeal the popery laws. Two hundred and fifty-five respectable inhabitants protested against the resolution.

    Read the passage

    The Reman cathohcks fucceeded fo eafily at Belfaft, that at a town-meeting held there the twentyeighth of January, 1792, in a prefbyterian conven* tide, the reverend Sinclare Kelburn, one of their miniflers and a noted demagogue, in the chair, they refolved * to petition parhament to repeal the whole of the popery laws ; but tv^o hundred and fifty-five of the moft refpedable inhabitants of that town pretcfted againfl it.

    la

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 67

35. Camolin priests' secret meetings before rebellion

    Camolin · town · Wexford · 1798

    It was observed that in the town of Camolin, a number of priests used to frequently meet, dine together, and hold private conferences for some months previous to the rebellion, raising suspicion later.

    Read the passage

    It wa« obferved, that in the town of Camolin, a number of priefts ufed frequently to meet, dine together, and hold private conferences for fome monthsprevious to the rebellion.

    At Ennifcorthy, the two Mr. Poundens fat for an entire week, previous to Whitfunday, giving protections to the people,, in confequence of their having

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 213

36. Chapelizod as Target of Rebel Plot

    near Chapelizod · townland · Dublin · 1798

    The rebel plan of general rising targeted Chapelizod, the station of the artillery, to be seized alongside Dublin and the camp at Loughlinstown on the same night.

    Read the passage

    The arreft of the Leinfter committee, and of many other leaders on the twelfth of March, tended fo much to the difclpfure of their fatal defigns, and to break the links of their organization, that the confpirators found themfelves under an abfolute neceffity of making a defperate effort. A plan was there^ fore digefted by the miUtary committee for a general rifing, in which it was propofed to feize Dublin,* tht camp at Laughlinftown, and Chapelizod, the flation of the artillery, on the fame night ; and the counties of Dublin, Wicklow, and Kildare, were to co-operate in this attack, f The infurrection being commenced in the metropolis and its vicinity, the fignal for announcing it to the North and South, which would alfo rife, was to be the detention of the mail coaches.}

    During the months of February, March -and April, robbery and alTaflination continued to be perpetrated in different parts of the kingdom, and fhocking outrages were committed in the metropolis, particularly in Francis, Thomas, and James's-ftreets ; where the centinels on guard were frequently fired at. §

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 137

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Chapelizod, somewhere around here, was the station of the artillery in 1798, and it was one of three targets in a rebel plan for a general rising. After the arrest of the Leinster committee and many other leaders on the 12th of March, the conspirators felt they had to make a desperate effort. The military committee drew up a plan to seize Dublin, the camp at Loughlinstown, and Chapelizod all on the same night, with the counties of Dublin, Wicklow, and Kildare to co-operate. Once the rising began in the metropolis and its vicinity, the signal to the North and South, which would also rise, was to be the detention of the mail coaches. In the months before, robbery and assassination continued across the kingdom, and sentinels on guard in Francis, Thomas, and James's Streets in Dublin were frequently fired at.

37. Charged carabines left for rebels in watch-houses

    Vicar Street · street · Dublin · 1798

    In the watch-houses of St Luke, St Catharine, and Vicar Street, carabines were deliberately left charged so that rebels could seize them.

    Read the passage

    In the watch-houfes of St. Luke, St. Catharine, and Vicar-ftreet, the carabines were left charged, that the rebels might feize them.

    It is a pofitive fact, that near three thoufand men entered the city on the North fide of it, through one turnpike, on the evening and the night of the twenty. third of May, for the purpofe of joining the infurgents.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 144

    As the companion tells it

    Along here in 1798, the watch-house on Vicar Street had carbines left loaded and ready, so that rebels could seize them. The same was done at the watch-houses of St Luke and St Catharine. On the night of the 23rd of May, nearly 3,000 men entered the city from the north through a single turnpike to join the insurgents.

38. Clearing rebels from Donane woods and the Devil's Glen

    near Devil's Glen · valley · Wicklow · 1798

    Lieutenant-colonel Scott's detachment cleared the woods of Donane and the Devil's Glen of the rebel bands that had attacked Newtownmountkennedy the day before.

    Read the passage

    Intelligence having been communicated to government, that the fame body of rebels, with a large reinforcement from Vinegar-hill, meditated another attack on Gorey, to oppofe them, general Loftus was ordered to proceed from Dublin to Rathdrum, in the county of Wicklow, the twenty-ninth of May, with two hundred of the Dunbarton fencible infantry, and fifty of the 5th dragoon guards, which detachment was commanded by heutenant-colonel Scott, who, on the following day, cleared the woods of Donane and the Devil's-glynn of the banditti which had attacked Newtown- mount-kennedy the preceding day.

    General Loftus, after having made fuch arrangements as the nature of the circumflances would admit for the defence of Wicklow and Rathdrum, proceeded to Arklow. agreeably to fubfequent orders re- ^:eived from general Lake.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 251

39. Defenderism and arms raids across Kildare towns

    Athy · town · Kildare · 1797

    In early 1797, rebels robbed protestant houses of arms across a chain of Kildare towns including Athy, Monasterevin, Kildare, Kilcullen, Dunlavin, Timolin, and Castledermot. Only those who fortified their homes and kept a military garrison escaped being disarmed.

    Read the passage

    In the beginning of the year 1797, the rebels robbed the houfes of proteftants of arms from Athy to Monaftereven, Kildare, Kilcullen, Dunlavin, Timohn, and Caftledermot ;* and were fo fuccefsful, that none efcaped, but thofe who fortified their habitations, and maintained a party of the military in them.f

    An

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 158

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up through Athy now. In early 1797, rebels robbed Protestant houses of arms across a chain of Kildare towns, this one among them, along with Monasterevin, Kildare, Kilcullen, Dunlavin, Timolin, and Castledermot. Only those who fortified their homes and kept a military garrison inside escaped being disarmed.

40. Defenders' prospectus found on Captain Sharky in Armagh

    near Armagh · town · Armagh · 1789

    The plan or prospectus of the Defenders, an organized armed body predating the United Irishmen, was found on captain Sharky in the county of Armagh, dated 24 April 1789.

    Read the passage

    It is obfervable, that the defenders exifted as an organized and armed body, at lead three years before the united IrifhrnxCn ; for their plan, or profpeccus, found on captain Sharky, in the county of Armagh, was dated the twenty-fourth of April, 1789 ; and as there were fimilar focieties in the county of Louth, affiliated with them, we may prefume that it required fome time to bring them to a perfect flate of organization ; and reference is made in that profpectus to oaths which they had taken formerly.

    It appeared alfo, that they exifled at the fame time in the counties of Antrim, Down and Monaghan ; as general Euftace was fent there to fupprefs them.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 121

41. Dissenters at Crosserlough, Cavan, Denounce the Defenders

    Crosserlough · townland · Cavan · 1793

    A numerous body of dissenters assembled at Crosserlough in County Cavan on 3 February 1793 issued resolutions complaining of the enormities committed by the Defenders in plundering Protestant houses of arms and property to intimidate the legislature.

    Read the passage

    The refolutions of a mVmerous body of diffenters, aiTembled at Crofarule, in the county of Cavan, on the third of February, 1793, throw an oblique cenfure on the inconfiftency of thefe gentlemen in parliament. They flate and complain of " the enormities committed by the defenders, in plundering the houfes of protedants of arms, and other property, as if they meant to compel the legiUature, by intimidation, to grant a relaxation of the popery laws, which they were on the point of conceding from motives of liberality."

    In moft parts of the country, the prefbyterians held the defenders in fuch abhorrertte, and were fo unwiUing to commit any outrages, that they often joined and affifted the king's troops, who., at different times, were wantonly attacked, when on their march, by this banditti. But the repubhcans of Belfaft: laboured with unceafmg feduhty, and at lad with fuc- - cefs, in corrup^mg great numbers of them.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg

42. Ennifcorthy meeting proclaims whole county

    Enniscorthy · townland · Wexford · 1798

    On 25 April, twenty-seven magistrates assembled at Ennifcorthy and agreed the whole county should be proclaimed, taking effect on the 27th, though Mr. Joshua Pounden urged exemption for the town itself due to his conviction of its inhabitants' loyalty.

    Read the passage

    The fymptoms of rebellion were fo evident and darming in the month of April, that twenty-feven magiih-ares allembled at Ennifcorthy, on the twentyfifth of that month, an^ agreed that the whole county fhcuid be proclaimed, and it accordingly took place en the twenty -feventh ; but Mr. Jofnua Pounden ilrenuouily urged an exemption from its operation for that town, from a conviftion of the loyalty of its inhabitants ; and Mr. ,Alcock of Wilton, from the fame motive, folicited a fimilar privilege for his tenants ; though the fequel proyed that they were deceived.

    This procedure v/as adopted, in confequence of their having difcovered that great quantities of pikes had been made, and of their having dete£led blackfmdths in the ad of fabricfitin^ them.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 211

43. Fleeing rebels retreat to bogs of Meath and Kildare

    Meath · county · Meath · 1798

    Part of the rebels who fled from Tara retired to the bogs of Meath and Kildare, where they continued for three weeks to plunder and desolate the surrounding country.

    Read the passage

    Part of the rebels who fled from Tara, retired to the bogs of Meath and Kildare, where they continued for three weeks to plunder and defolate the furroundmg country.

    The earl of Fingal, who commanded the yeomanry in this a£lion, fhewed great fpirit and courage in it ; for which, and his noted loyalty and zeal in the fervice of his king and country, during the progrefs of the confpiracy and rebellion, he became fo obnoxious; to the difaffected in the county of Meath, that it was refolved to cut him off ; and his affaflination was to have been a fignal for a general malTacre of all the loyalifts in that county.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 196

    As the companion tells it

    As you travel through Meath, you are moving through country where rebels who fled from Tara in 1798 hid out in the bogs of Meath and Kildare for three weeks, plundering and devastating the surrounding land. The earl of Fingal commanded the yeomanry against them and showed great courage. He became so hated by the disaffected in the county that they resolved to cut him off, and his assassination was to have been the signal for a general massacre of all loyalists in Meath.

44. General Knox's confidence in yeomen at Dungannon

    near Dungannon · town · Tyrone · 1798

    General Knox, who commanded at Dungannon, reported in summer 1798 that he would rest the safety of Fermanagh, Tyrone, Derry and Armagh on the fidelity and bravery of the fourteen thousand yeomen, most of them Orangemen and three-fourths Presbyterians.

    Read the passage

    In the counties of Fermanagh, Tyrone, Derry and Armagh, there were fourteen thoufand yeomen^ and moll: of them orangemen ; and they were fo loyal, and fo. well difciplined, that general Knox, who commanded at Dungannon^ reported, in the fu-mmer of 1798, that he would reft the fafety of thefe counties on their fidelity and bravery; and,, much to the honour of the prefbyterians, three* fourths of them were of that order.

    In Tyrone^ there were about five thoufand yeo-^ men, the majority of vv^hom were prefoyterians ; and there were about four thoufand two hundred orangemen among them. In fo large a body there were not more than from two hundred to three hundred papills.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 130

45. Loyal address signed at Kilrush chapel

    Kilrush · parish · Wexford · 1798

    On 28 January 1798, father Edanus Murphy and his flock assembled again at their chapel in Kilrush, expressing abhorrence of outrages by united Irishmen and declaring loyalty; the address was signed by 514 parishioners and published in the Dublin Journal.

    Read the passage

    The fame prieft and his Hock alTembled agajn on the twenty-eighth of January, 1798, in their chapel, expreiling their abhorrence of the barbarous outrages lately committed, a!id of the dangerous confplracies formed by traitors and rebels, ilyling tbemfelves united Iriflimen ; and declaring their unalterable attachment to their beloved fovereign, and to our happy conflitution. It was figned by Edanus Murphy^ and five hundred and fourteen of his parifhioners, and pubhflied in the Dublin Journal on the third day of March, 1798, after having been prefented to the viceroy.

    Notwithftanding fuch unequivocal tercmionles of their loyalty, Mr. Dawfon had firong reafons for thinking that a dorm was gathering, as the people alTembled privately, and many pikes had been maji?;!- faclured in the pariih, fubfequent to the adrnim- Ifration of oaths at the chapel. He therefore prevailed on fome of his tenants, partly by threats, and partly by perfuafion, to make a full confeuion of their guilt, and to deliver up their arms, which they

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 212

46. Loyal association meeting at Carhampton's seat, Luttrellstown

    Luttrellstown · population centre · Dublin · 1795

    About three hundred loyal subjects, many gentlemen of landed property, assembled at the earl of Carhampton's seat at Luttrellstown, entered into resolutions and subscribed money for defending lives and properties against banditti.

    Read the passage

    As the earl of Carhampton was ever diftinguiflied for his zeal and fpirit in enforcing the execution of the laws, about three hundred loyal fubjecls, many of them gentlemen of landed property, affembled at his feat at luUttrcl's-town, entered into refolutions,

    and

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 99

    As the companion tells it

    Coming through Luttrellstown now. In 1795, about 300 loyal subjects, many of them gentlemen of landed property, gathered at the Earl of Carhampton's seat here. They entered into resolutions and subscribed money to defend lives and properties against banditti.

47. Lurgan remained quiet during sectarian frenzy

    near Lurgan · town · Armagh

    The people of Lurgan and its vicinity stayed remarkably calm during the height of the Defender/Peep-of-Day Boy disturbances, attributed to the area's large Established Church Protestant population.

    Read the passage

    The people of Lurgan, and its vicinity^ were remarkably quiet during the heat and frenzy of the infurgents, becaufe it abounds with prote-lants of the ertabliilied church ^ che only fe6k- uniformly attached to the Gonflitution.

    In the year 1788^ forlie volunteer corps were raifed^ for the purpofe of checking the fpirit of turbulence and outrage that prevailed, by flrengthening the arm of the civil magiftrate. * They completely put an end to the perambulations, and the domiciliary vifits of the peep-of-day boys, and very wifely entered into refolutions, that they would not fliew favour or affection to any defcription of men who fliould diffurb the publick tranquillity ; yet the defen^ ders ihewed the mofl decided averfion to this infti-^ tution, began to collect arms with more zeal than ever, and even to learn the manual exercife*

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 40

48. Newtownbarry defended after Walpole's defeat

    Newtownbarry · townland · Wexford · 1798

    Following colonel Walpole's defeat, light infantry retreated to Newtownbarry, and General Loftus ensured the important post of Newtownbarry was well defended with reinforcements from the Meath and Donegal regiments.

    Read the passage

    ordered to Camolin to acl with colonel Walpole^- had, upon his defeat, retreated to Newtownbarry, and that general Euftace was detained at Rofs to fupport general Johnfon. Thus he had only the additional lupport of lord Ancram*s party ; viz. two hundred and fifty men of the King's county regiment^, and eighty Mid Lothian dragoons ; but upon lord Ancram's report, that a detachment of the Meath and Donegal regiments had arrived at Newtownbarry the day before, efcorting ammunition from general Johnfon, he ordered that detachment to join him ; by which he was enabled to fend detachments for the defence of Arklow and Hackelftown ; and the im* portant poft of Newtownbarn,'^ was v/ell defended.

    Had the rebel army taken advantage of their victory, and proceeded to Arklow and WickloAv, thofe towns muft have fallen into their hands, and they would probably have marched to, and attacked the metropolis ; but, incited by the hope of plundering Gorey and its vicinity, they continued for five days to commit every- excefs and enormity that the love of rapine and favage cruelty could inipire. The proteftant church, which was the firft object of their fanatical rage, they completely dilmantled. They pillaged and deflroyed the houfes of all the proteftants, and murdered many of their inmates, who could not make their efcape. They alfo plundered and demolifhed the town of Carnew ; ha\^g harboured infatiable revenge againfl its inhabitants, for the vi£lory which they had obtauied over them on the twenty-feventh of May,. *

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 255

49. Rathangan corps joins the rebels

    Rathangan · townland · Kildare · 1798

    All the Roman Catholics in the Rathangan yeomanry corps joined the rebels; their lieutenant Molloy and several others were hanged, others pardoned or absconded.

    Read the passage

    All the Roman catholicks in the Rathangan corps joined the rebels. Molloy their lieutenant, and feveral more, were hanged ; many were pardoned under the proclamation, and others of them abfconded.

    In the North Naas corps, there were fo many implicated in the rebellion, that but very few except protellants could be depended on to do duty. There was very great defedion among the popifh yeomen of the Furnace corps.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 173

50. Rebel camp planned at Carrickbyrne Hill to attack New Ross

    near Carrickbyrne Hill · hill or hills · Wexford · 1798

    One division of the rebel army, under Bagenal Harvey and father Philip Roche of Poulpeasty, was to form a camp on Carrickbyrne Hill for the purpose of attacking the town of New Ross.

    Read the passage

    One, under' the command of Bagenal Harvey^ and father Philip Roche, of Poulpeafty, in the parifli of Killan, jvas to form a camp on CarrickbYrne-hill,* for the purpofe of attacking the town of New Rofs. Another, under father Kearns, captain Doyle, and captain Redmond, nephew of father Redmond, pariHi pricft of Ferns, marclied to Vinegar-hill, from whence they were to proceed to take Newtown-barry.f The third, commanded by Anthony Perry of Inch, father Michael Murphy of Ballycanoe, and father John Murphy of Boulavogue, was deftined to attack Gorey; and having taken it, to march to DubliUa

    BATTLE OF NEWTOWN-BARRY/

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 249

51. Rebel Chieftains March to St. John's Near Enniscorthy

    Enniscorthy · townland · Wexford · 1798

    Father Kearns, Patrick Sutton, and William Barker led rebels from Enniscorthy toward Lacken-hill, stopping at St. John's, the seat of doctor Hill close to Enniscorthy, taking him and his brother as hostages.

    Read the passage

    Some days after the taking of Ennifcorthy, father Kearns, Patrick Sutton, and William Barker, all re^ hel chieftains, marched a body of rebels from that town towards Lacken-hiil. They flopped at St. John's, the feat of doctor Hill^ clofe to Ennifcorthy, and took

    ♦ Appendix; No. XX, 15, f Vb'uX* i<h

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 273

52. Rebel column sets fire to houses attacking Arklow

    Arklow · town · Wicklow · 1798

    A column on the right of the rebel line attacked the lower end of the town of Arklow with fury, setting fire to houses and advancing under cover of the smoke. The flames were fortunately stopped before spreading to the rest of the town.

    Read the passage

    The column on the ri^-ht of the enem.v's line, which formed at the rock B, and marched by the fea-fide road S, attacked the lower end of the town withgreat fury, fetting lire to the houfes, and advancing mnder cover of the fmoke, with the mofl determined

    perfevercnce.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 279

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Arklow in Wicklow. In 1798, a rebel column attacked the lower end of this town with great fury, setting fire to the houses and advancing under cover of the smoke. The flames were stopped before they could spread to the rest of the town.

53. Rebel outrages at Dunboyne and Dunshaughlin

    Dunshaughlin · town · Meath · 1798

    Rebels committed barbarous outrages at Dunboyne and Dunshaughlin before proceeding towards Tara, gathering farmers and labourers of Meath to their standard as they went.

    Read the passage

    I already mentioned the barbarous outrages committed by the rebels in Dunboyne and Dunfliaughlinj from whence, having proceeded towards Tara, in the county of Meath, moil of the farmers and labourers of the county J:hrough which they paffed, flocked to their ftandard ; and in fliort, the mafs of the people in the county of Meath, and in that part of the^

    coiimy

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 193

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Dunshaughlin, this was the scene of barbarous outrages by rebels in 1798. After their violence here and at Dunboyne, they marched towards Tara, and most of the farmers and labourers of Meath flocked to their standard as they went.

54. Rebel parade at Wexford custom-house quay and forced chapel sermon

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

    On Sunday the tenth of June, rebels on parade at the custom-house quay in Wexford were told by governor Keugh that Bishop Caulfield had ordered a sermon suited to the times, and they marched to the chapel with fifes and drums playing.

    Read the passage

    On Sunday the tenth of June, while the rebels were on parade, at the cudom-houfe quay, governor - Keugh informed them, rhat do£lor Caulheld the popiOi biOiop had ordered a fermon to be preached that morning from the altar, fuited to the times, and that they mult repair to the chapel to hear it. They

    accordingly

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 298

    As the companion tells it

    On the tenth of June, 1798, rebels were on parade at the custom-house quay here in Wexford. Governor Keugh told them that Doctor Caulfield, the popish bishop, had ordered a sermon to be preached that morning from the altar, suited to the times, and that they must repair to the chapel to hear it. They accordingly marched to the chapel with fifes and drums playing.

55. Rebel Rising at Rathfarnham

    Rathfarnham · townland · Dublin · 1798

    Lord Camden received intelligence that rebels had risen at Rathfarnham and sent lieutenant O'Reily with dragoons in pursuit, joined by the earl of Roden and colonel Puleston. The rebels were found to have moved toward Rathcoole after being informed at Rathfarnham.

    Read the passage

    In confequence of the inrelligence received by lord Camden, that the rebels had rifen at Rathfarnham, his excellency fent lieutenant O'Reily, with a troop of the 5th dragoons, in purfuit of them, and he was joined by the earl of Roden and lieutenant-colonel Pulefton of the Ancient Britons, as volunteers ; and having been Informed at Rathfarnham, that they had gone towards Rathcool, they proceeded in queft of them ; and ii;i their way they met a corps of yeomen, who were retreating, after having attacked the rebels, and been repulfed by them.

    Lieutenant O'Reily having halted the troop for the purpofe of confulting what was mod advifable to be done, it was agreed that lord Roden with one half of the troop fhould take the road to the right, and that lieutenant O'Reily fhould proceed to the left, in order to furround the rebels.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 152

56. Rebel surrender of arms at Bailindrum near the Moat of Ardscull

    Ardscull · townland · Kildare · 1798

    After being everywhere unsuccessful, about three hundred rebels surrendered their pikes and arms at Bailindrum near the Moat of Ardscull, and great numbers went to Athy to obtain protections.

    Read the passage

    Finding that they were every where unfuccefsful, they fent a deputation to general Campbell, offering him a furrender of their arms ; and he having af» fented, about three hundred gave up pikes and other arms at Bailindrum, near the Moat of Ardfcull ; and great numbers befides went to Athy, and obtained protections.

    In about ten days, general Dundas thought it necefl'ary to order the garrilon at Athy to march to KilcuUen, to reinforce him there ; and the town was ev^acuated by the military, the yeomen, and all the proteflants ; the latter well knowing that they would be maffacred without the protection of the former.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 184

57. Refugees shelter at Clonard, spared due to Catholic marriage

    Clonard · site · Dublin · 1798

    Mr. Crump, Bland and Kellet with their wives, unable to occupy Crump's plundered house, took refuge at Clonard, Mr. Kellet's house two miles from Wexford, which was undamaged because he was married to a Catholic lady.

    Read the passage

    Mr. Crump, Mr. Bland and Mr. Kellet, and their Wives, who were of the party, repaired to the houfq of the former, but as it had been plundered of all its furniture, and materially injured by the rebels, they could not occupy it. They therefore repaired to Clonard, the houfe of Mr. Kellet, two miles from the town, which was not in the fmallefl: degree in- ;!ircd, becaufe he was married to a lady of the popifh

    perfuafion^

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 283

58. Robber killed in the Liberty carries a 1641-linked confession

    near The Liberties · street · Dublin · 1795

    Another confession of faith was found in the pocket of a robber killed in the Liberty (Dublin) in 1795, believed to be composed relating to the 1641 massacre.

    Read the passage

    Another of thefe confeiTions of faith was found at €arlow ; one was dropped by a drunken prieft of the name of Fitzfimons, at the houfe of a gentleman in the county of INIeath ; and another was found inr the pocket of a robber, who was killed in the Liberty, in the year 1795. *

    I forgot to mention that fome weeks before the rebellion broke out, popifli children at Wingfield,. and in the vicinity of Gorey and Arklow, and in many other places in the county of Wexford, wore red tape ; and that fome proteilant children who did fo, wifhing to imitate them, were feverely reprijfnanded by popifh fchoolmafter?. George Taylor, m his narrative, mentions it ; and tells us, what I have heard from many refpeclable perfons, that the pretext for ufmg it was, that all the Roman catholick children, under the age of fifteen, were to be vifited by a dreadful plague; and that this piece of tape, which was endued with fupernatural powers, by the benediction of a prieft, would fecure thofe, w^ho w-ore it, from infection ; but it was believed, that the intent of it was to difcriminate popifh from proteflant children, v/hen the general

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 281

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about The Liberties, in 1795, a robber was killed, and in his pocket was found a confession of faith. The document was believed to relate to the 1641 massacre. Similar confessions had turned up elsewhere — one found at Carlow, another dropped by a drunken priest named Fitzsimons at a gentleman's house in County Meath.

59. Vinegar Hill as rebel citadel and grand rendezvous

    near Vinegar Hill · hill or hills · Wexford · 1798

    Vinegar Hill is described as the strong post, citadel, and grand rendezvous of the rebels, whose eventual capture by General Lake's forces preceded the massacre at Wexford.

    Read the passage

    Before I defer ibe the maiTacre at Wexford, and the evacuation of it by the rebels, it will be neceffary to give the reader an account of the battle of Vinegarhill, and the very judicious difpofition which general Lake made of the troops who were to attack that ftrong pofl, which was the citadel and the grand rendezvous of the rebels, as the victory obtained there preceded that dreadful event.

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 302

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Vinegar Hill, the high ground outside Enniscorthy in Wexford. In 1798 this was the strong post, the citadel and the grand rendezvous of the rebels. General Lake made what the source calls a very judicious disposition of his troops to attack it, and the victory he won here preceded the massacre at Wexford that followed.

60. White gathers priests at Peppard's Castle to admonish congregations

    Donaghmore · townland · Wexford · 1798

    Hawtrey White of Peppard's Castle in the parish of Donoughmore, an active magistrate, assembled father Nicholas Redmond, father Michael Murphy of Ballycanew and father Michael Lacy of Kilmuckridge at his house on 19 May to admonish them about rebellious activity spreading in the country.

    Read the passage

    Mr. Hawtrey White of Peppard's caftle, | in the parifli of Donoughmore, an active magiflr^te, knowing that rebellious principles had been widely diffufed, and had taken deep root in the minds of the people, prevailed on the following priefts, and the moft refpedable farm.ers of their congregations, to afTemble at his houfe, on Saturday, the nineteenth day of May, for the purpofe of admonifliing them, on the alarming ftate of the country: Father Nicholas Redmond,

    ■pari(h

    Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere01musg, Chapter 214