Name: Memoirs of the different rebellions in Ireland, from the arrival of the English : also, a particular detail of that which broke out the XXIIId of May, MDCCXCVIII : with the history of the conspiracy which preceded it (vol. 2)
Author: Richard Musgrave (1745 or 1746–1818)

Cork conspiracy organized into military-style divisions

Blackpool · townland · Cork · 1798

The Cork conspiracy was divided into three divisions (north, centre, south) subdivided into sections, with one hundred and thirty sections discovered from North-gate bridge through Blackpool, each with a sergeant and twelve men and a full chain of command.

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It was divided into three divlfions, the north, the centre, and the fouth ; and each of them was fubdivided into fections. It was difcovered, that there were one hundred and thirty of the latter, from North-gate bridge, through Blackpool, and that portion of the city, and that each confifted of a ferjeant and twelve men. They M'ere all regimented, 'and had a regular gradation of officers from a colonel down to a corporal.
An immenfe quantity of pikes was fabricated in Cork. Meafures were concerted for taking the magazine ; and fo fare were the confpirators of fucceeding, that poles were prepared, exa(£):ly fitted to the focket of a bayonet, that they might mount them the inftant thofe weapons, (of which there was a great number in the magazine,) fell into their hands.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Blackpool, in 1798, the Cork conspiracy had been organized like an army. It was divided into three divisions, north, centre, and south, and each of those was cut into sections. One hundred and thirty sections were found, running from North-gate bridge through Blackpool and that part of the city. Each section had a sergeant and twelve men. They were all regimented, with a regular chain of officers from a colonel down to a corporal. An immense quantity of pikes was fabricated in Cork. Measures were concerted for taking the magazine, and the conspirators were so sure of succeeding that poles were prepared, fitted exactly to the socket of a bayonet, so they could mount them the instant those weapons fell into their hands.

Description of Antrim town's main street, market-house and Massareene's garden wall

near Antrim · town · Antrim · 1798

The town of Antrim is described as nearly a mile long with the main street running from the Scots quarter to the market-house; Lord Massareene's garden wall, near the market-house, commanded the main street and was key to the battle's defensive positions.

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The town of Antrim is nearly a mile long, and that fpace from the Scots quarter to the markethcufe, is about two-thirds of its length, and nczrly a ftraight line. The main fireet is a continuation of the Scots quarter, and is at right angles with the wall of lord Maffareene's garden, which is about forty yards ""from the market-houfe, and lies nearly in the centre of the llreet. The wall of the garden completely commands the main fireet, and the entrance to the market-houfe, which is a fquare building, fupported by ftone pillars, and very difiicult to fet fire to. The guard-houfe was there, and a number of prifoners confined in it. There was a fecond wall at right angles with the garden wall, which Hanks it, and commands Bow-lane. The two walls are joined with each other, and with one part of an old fortification. The wall is about fifteen feet high towards the fireet, and being but four feet high on the garden fide, forms a good parapet or breaftwork. The church is about half way between the market-houfe and the end of the Scots quarter. It is built on a rifing ground, and is furrounded by a wall, which is about eight feet high towards the fireet, and four on the infide. The church is nearly in a line with the houfes on one fide of the Scots quarter, and part of the wall is parallel to the houfes

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 61

As the companion tells it

The town of Antrim in 1798 was nearly a mile long. The main street ran from the Scots quarter to the market-house, and that stretch was about two-thirds of the town's length, nearly a straight line. Lord Massareene's garden wall stood about forty yards from the market-house, nearly in the centre of the street, and completely commanded the main street and the entrance to the market-house. The market-house was a square building supported by stone pillars, very difficult to set fire to. The guard-house was there, and a number of prisoners were confined in it. A second wall at right angles with the garden wall flanked it and commanded Bow-lane. The two walls were joined with each other and with part of an old fortification. The garden wall was about fifteen feet high towards the street, and being but four feet high on the garden side, it formed a good parapet or breastwork. The church was about halfway between the market-house and the end of the Scots quarter. It was built on rising ground and was surrounded by a wall about eight feet high towards the street, and four on the inside. The church was nearly in a line with the houses on one side of the Scots quarter, and part of the wall was parallel to the houses.

Doctor Macartney escapes across the lake to Tyrone to alert General Knox at Dungannon

near Dungannon · town · Tyrone · 1798

Doctor Macartney, unable to overtake the retreating dragoons, joined Mr Staples and rowed across the lake to County Tyrone, informing General Knox at Dungannon of events at Antrim.

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Within two miles of the town. Lord O'Neirs horfe having been wounded, became reflive and refufed to advance. Do6lor Macartney ftaid with him a confiderable time, after the dragoons had retreated, endeavouring to get him to proceed with him ; but finding it impoffible, he galloped his horfe through the rebels ; and being unable to overtake the dragoons, he joined Mr. Staples, member for the county, and got with him into a boat, rowed acrofs to the county of Tyrone, and informed general Knox, at Dungannon, of the events which had taken place at Antrim, and of which he had been ignorant until that very moment. The general immediately aflembled all the yeomanry of the country, marched to Toome with one thoufand five hundred of them, and prevented the county of Derry rebels from rifmg, and joining the other infurgents.
Lord O'Neil, while endeavouring to get his horfe forward, w^as knocked down by a pikeman, and then mortally wounded, within thirty yards of the yeomanry behind the wall. His lordfhip fhot one of the men who attacked him, and the yeomanry two more ; but the man who had given him the mortal wound efcaped.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 63

As the companion tells it

The road passes through Dungannon. In 1798, Doctor Macartney brought news that changed the course of a rising. About two miles from the town, Lord O'Neil's horse had been wounded and refused to advance. Macartney stayed with him after the dragoons retreated, trying to get him to proceed. Finding it impossible, he galloped his horse through the rebels. Unable to overtake the dragoons, he joined Mr. Staples, member for the county, and got into a boat. They rowed across to Tyrone and informed General Knox of the events at Antrim, of which Knox had been ignorant until that moment. Knox immediately assembled all the yeomanry, marched to Toome with 1,500 of them, and prevented the county of Derry rebels from rising and joining the other insurgents. Lord O'Neil, while trying to get his horse forward, was knocked down by a pikeman and mortally wounded within 30 yards of the yeomanry behind the wall. He shot one of his attackers, and the yeomanry two more, but the man who gave him the mortal wound escaped.

Edmond Quin's trial reveals confidence rebels would take Waterford

Waterford · city · Waterford · 1799

At Edmond Quin's court martial trial in Waterford, it was revealed he told a fellow prisoner that had conditions during the height of the troubles persisted for two more days, Waterford would have fallen to the United Irishmen within two months.

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On the trial of Edmond Quin, for being a rebel, held at Waterford, the feventeenth of July, 1799, by court martial, it appeared, that he told John Whelan, when they were both prifoners in the gaol of Waterford, that if matters had remained as they were in the height of the troubles, for two days and two nights, Waterford would have been taken by the United Irifhmen, and that in two months from that time, they would be in pofleffion of it.
The fa£ts contained in this account of the confpiracy at Waterford are not founded on vague afl^ertion, but were proved on court martials, which I have read.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

Waterford was nearly a rebel city, or so one prisoner believed. At Edmond Quin's court martial, held in Waterford on the 17th of July, 1799, it came out that he had spoken to John Whelan while they were both prisoners in Waterford gaol. Quin told Whelan that if matters had remained as they were in the height of the troubles, for two days and two nights, Waterford would have been taken by the United Irishmen. And that in two months from that time, they would have been in possession of it. These were not vague claims. They were proved on court martials.

Father Corrin refuses to free Mr Lett, a brewer of Enniscorthy, from Wexford gaol

Enniscorthy · townland · Wexford · 1798

Father Corrin was accused of refusing to secure the release of Mr Lett, a brewer from Enniscorthy, who was held in the gaol at Wexford during the rebellion.

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Father Corrin has not anfwered the charge of his having refufed to liberate Mr. Lett, a brewer of Ennifcorthy, from the goal of Wexford. See page 26 of vol. ii
In his defence of having withdrawn the popifli children from the charitable fchool, he alleges, that attempts were made to convert them by the fchool miftrefs; but he fhould have preferred his complaint to the governors, before he had withdrawn them. It is well known, that the popiQi priefts in general lay their fe£laries under this inhibition, which do6tor HufTey inculcates in his paftoral letter, in vol. ii. p. 469. Twenty-five years ago, no perfon would have believed, that a popifh prieft would have the audacity to come forward, and to complain, that an attempt had been made to withdraw any perfons of the rifing generation from a fuperftition that makes them aliens to that State, which has, at monftrous expenfe, eftabliflied a college for the education of their clergy.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 185

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, in 1798, a charge was laid against Father Corrin. He was accused of refusing to secure the release of Mr Lett, a brewer from Enniscorthy, who was held in the gaol at Wexford during the rebellion. The record states that Father Corrin never answered this charge. The passage also addresses another matter. Father Corrin withdrew Catholic children from a charitable school, claiming the school mistress had tried to convert them. The author argues he should have lodged his complaint with the governors before withdrawing the children. The writer notes that Catholic priests generally placed such prohibitions on their congregations, and that Doctor Hussey reinforced this in a pastoral letter. The author reflects that 25 years earlier, no one would have believed a priest would have the audacity to complain that someone attempted to draw young people away from a superstition that made them aliens to the state, which had established a college for educating their clergy at monstrous expense.

French Detachment Repulsed at Ballina

Ballina · townland · Mayo · 1798

On 24 August a small detachment of French troops marched from Killala to Ballina but met more spirited resistance than expected from carabineers and yeomen under Major Kerr, forcing their return.

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On the morning of the twenty-fourth of Auguft, a fmall detachment of the French marched from Killala to Ballina, but meeting with a more fpirited oppoiition than they expected, from a party of the carabineers and yeomen infantry, commanded by major Kerr, they returned the fame day*

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 80

As the companion tells it

Somewhere near here, on the morning of 24 August 1798, a small detachment of French soldiers marched from Killala to Ballina. They met more spirited opposition than they expected from a party of carabineers and yeomen infantry under Major Kerr. The French returned the same day.

Lake sights the French rear near Cloone

Cloone · townland · Leitrim · 1798

General Lake marched south of Drumshanbo and halted, then proceeded to Cloone, four miles from Ballynamuck, where at sunrise on 8 September he saw the rear of the French army and attempted to harass them.

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General Lake encamped on the night of the feventh at Ballintogher, betvv^een Drumahair and Coloony. He v^as under the neceffity of conftantly fending accounts of his movements and thofe of the enemy to lord Cornv/allis, which was diftreiTmg, as it could not be elfe(5led but by llrong patroles. He marched to the fouth of Drumflmmbo, halted there about three hours, and proceeded to Cloone, four miles from Ballynamuck ; where a little after fun-rife, on the eighth of September, he faw the rear of the French army, whom, with about one hundred and fifty light infantry, mounted behind as many cavalry, he endeavoured to harafs as much as pofTible.
Before day, on the eighth of September, general Lake fent major Hardy to apprife lord Cornw^allis of his brigade being near the village of Cloone, w^liere the French had halted the preceding night, and where it was intended to have furprifed them ; but, from the darknefs of the night, fome divifions miffed their route. The French were leaving the village as m^ajor Hardy entered it, of which he informed lord Cornwallis, whom he met at Mohill, and who ordered general Lake to hang as clofe as pofTible upon their rear, and faid that he would keep in a parallel diredion tow^ards Granard, . near enough to afford him alTiftance, if necelTary.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 106

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Cloone, in September 1798, General Lake was closing in on the French army. He had encamped on the night of the 7th at Ballintogher, between Drumahair and Coloony. He was under the necessity of constantly sending accounts of his movements and those of the enemy to Lord Cornwallis, which was distressing, as it could not be done except by strong patrols. He marched to the south of Drumshanbo, halted there about three hours, and proceeded to Cloone, four miles from Ballynamuck. A little after sunrise on the 8th of September, he saw the rear of the French army. With about 150 light infantry mounted behind as many cavalry, he endeavoured to harass them as much as possible. Before day on the 8th, General Lake sent Major Hardy to apprise Lord Cornwallis of his brigade being near the village of Cloone, where the French had halted the preceding night. It was intended to have surprised them, but from the darkness of the night, some divisions missed their route. The French were leaving the village as Major Hardy entered it. He informed Lord Cornwallis, whom he met at Mohill. Cornwallis ordered General Lake to hang as close as possible upon their rear, and said he would keep in a parallel direction towards Granard, near enough to afford assistance if necessary.

Lieutenant Hunt wounded fighting rebels at Enniscorthy

Enniscorthy · townland · Wexford · 1798

Mrs Margaret Hunt's petition states her husband, a lieutenant in the Enniscorthy yeomanry, was severely wounded fighting rebels at Enniscorthy on 28 May 1798, receiving gunshot wounds to the belly, seven wounds to the head, three to the body and one to the arm.

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THAT her hufband, fighting againft the rebels at Ennifcorthy on the twenty-eightl; of May, 1 798, was wounded
in

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 151

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Enniscorthy, a lieutenant of the yeomanry fought rebels on 28 May 1798. Mrs Margaret Hunt's petition states her husband was severely wounded: a gunshot to the belly, seven wounds to the head, three to the body, and one to the arm.

List of rebel leaders found at Governor Keugh's house

Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

General Lake found at governor Keugh's house a list of rebel leaders, including colonels Edward Roche of Garrylough, Edward Fitzgerald of Newpark, and John Perry of Inch, among many named captains from Wexford, Wicklow and Kildare.

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A lijl of leaders among the rebels found by general Lake governor KetigUs houfe,
COLONEL EdwardRoche,ofGarrylough,"^ Efmond Kyan, major of brigade, Colonel Edward Fitzgerald, of Newpark, Colonel John Perry, of Inch, Captain Nicholas Dixon, of Gaftle-bridge, Captain Martin Myrna", of Limerick, Captain Nicholas Murphy, of Moneyfeed, Captain William Carton, of Ballyclough, Captain Rofliter, of Saunders-court, i Wexfor Father Nicholas Stafford, of River-chapel, Captain Denis Doyle, 7 ^ ^ Captam James Doyle, 3 ^ Lieutenant John Tiffin, of Coolatore, Captain Martin Quin, of Clough, Captain Edward Synnot, of Kilrufli, Captain Philip Murphy, of Peppard's Caf- | tie-gate. J- Captain Patrick Redmond, of Coolgreny, Captain William Byrne, of Ballymanus, / Wicklow Captain Holt, \ '

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 176

As the companion tells it

In 1798, in Wexford, General Lake found a list of rebel leaders at Governor Keugh's house. It named Colonel Edward Roche of Garrylough, Colonel Edward Fitzgerald of Newpark, and Colonel John Perry of Inch. Edward Kyan was listed as major of brigade. The list went on to name captains from Wexford, Wicklow and Kildare: Nicholas Dixon of Castle-bridge, Martin Myrna of Limerick, Nicholas Murphy of Moneyfeed, William Carton of Ballyclough, Rosliter of Saunders-court, Father Nicholas Stafford of River-chapel, Denis Doyle, James Doyle, Lieutenant John Tiffin of Coolatore, Martin Quin of Clough, Edward Synnot of Kilrush, Philip Murphy of Peppard's Castle-gate, Patrick Redmond of Coolgreny, William Byrne of Ballymanus, and Captain Holt.

Loyal Protestants overawe rebels in Roscrea

Roscrea · town · Tipperary · 1798

The number of Protestants in Roscrea and its vicinity was so great and loyal that it overawed the disaffected, though a numerous corps of United Irishmen had nonetheless been organized in and about the town.

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The mafs of the people in the King's and Queen's county are papifts ; the gentlemen of landed property in general, and many of the farmers and (hopkeepers, are proteftants ; there are but few prefbyterians in them. Thou^^h the ftate of the former was in general very alarming, the number of proteftants in Rofcrea and its vicinity were fo great, and they were fo loyal and courageous, as to overawe .the difaffe6led, and to reprefs their hopes of fucceeding ir.
♦ James F- RoUertcn, eftj^uire.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

Roscrea, in 1798, was a town where loyalty held the upper hand. The number of Protestants in the town and its vicinity was so great, and they were so loyal and courageous, that they overawed the disaffected and repressed their hopes of succeeding. Though the general state of the surrounding country was very alarming, in Roscrea the balance of feeling and numbers kept rebellion at bay. The disaffected were present, but they were checked by the confidence and resolve of those who stood for the Crown.

Magistrate Thomas Ryan wounded near his home in Kildare

Kildare · town · Kildare · 1795

Mr Thomas Ryan, a magistrate of county Kildare, was way-laid and shot by a large group of defenders while returning home after committing some defenders, receiving a severe wound to the temple from a musket ball.

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During the fummer of this year, the counties of Meath, AVeftmeath and Kildare, were dreadfully agitated by the defenders. In fliort, moft of the refpedable inhabitants of them were obliged to keep foldiers in their houfes for their proteftion. Mr. Thomas Ryan, a magiftrate of the county of Kildare, when returning to his houfe, after having affifted at the committal of fome defenders, was way-laid and furrounded by a large number of thefe ruffians who fired feveral fliots at him, and gave him a fevere wound in the temple with a mufket ball.
The houfe of Mr. Lille, near CaftlepoUard, county of Meath, was attempted by a numerous body of them ; but after a gallant defence he repulfed them.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 137

As the companion tells it

In the summer of 1795, the counties of Meath, Westmeath, and Kildare were dreadfully agitated by the Defenders. Most of the respectable inhabitants were obliged to keep soldiers in their houses for protection. Mr. Thomas Ryan, a magistrate of the county of Kildare, was returning to his house after having assisted at the committal of some Defenders. He was waylaid and surrounded by a large number of them, who fired several shots at him and gave him a severe wound in the temple with a musket ball. Near Castlepollard in Meath, the house of Mr. Lille was attacked by a numerous body of the same kind, but after a gallant defence he repulsed them.

Massacre on Vinegar Hill

near Vinegar Hill · hill or hills · Wexford · 1798

A massacre took place on Vinegar Hill, one of the central sites of the 1798 rebellion in Wexford.

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Majfacrcy of the Albigenfes and Waldenfes, under the council of Lateran, i. 16 — And of the French proteftants on St. Bartholomew's day, i. 17 — A general one intended by the Irifh rebels, the firft lift confifted of 30,000 perfons, i 187 — Of thirty-fix proteftants near Gorey, after the battle of Vinegar-hill, ii. 10. — Of meffieurs ClifFe, Annefley and Elliot, at the Roar, i. 512 — On the bridge of Wexford, ii 16 — At Scullabogue, 1,525— On Vinegar-hill, from i. 443 to 462.
IifJafthe'v.'Sy major of the Downfhire regiment, his purfuit of father John Mufphy and his banditti, ii. 87.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 195

As the companion tells it

Vinegar Hill was a central site of the 1798 rebellion in Wexford. A battle was fought here, and a massacre followed. The book that records these events devotes many pages to what happened on this hill. After the battle, thirty-six Protestants were killed near Gorey. Other massacres marked the same rising — on the bridge of Wexford, and at Scullabogue, where 1,525 were killed. Vinegar Hill stands among the places where that rebellion turned to slaughter.

Meeting at Ballina to administer loyalty oaths, June 1798

Ballina · townland · Mayo · 1798

Bishop Stock and magistrates held a meeting at Ballina in early June 1798 to encourage Catholic clergy and their flocks to take oaths of allegiance, forming a committee and dividing the country into districts for administering the oath at chapels.

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As fome of the Romifh clergy and their flocks in the county of Mayo expreffed a defire of teflifying their allegiance by taking oaths for that purpofe, dodlor Stock, the bifhop, and fome of the magiflrates, defirous of encouraging fo laudable a defire in them, fuppofmg that it would tend to keep the common people quiet and fteady to the government, held a meeting at BalHna, early in the month of June, 1798,
entered

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 76

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, in early June 1798, a meeting was held at Ballina. Some of the Catholic clergy and their flocks in Mayo had expressed a desire to testify their allegiance by taking oaths. Doctor Stock, the bishop, and some of the magistrates, wanting to encourage what they saw as a laudable desire, held this meeting. They supposed it would tend to keep the common people quiet and steady to the government.

Meeting at Nenagh proposes Catholic-Protestant peace oath

Nenagh · town · Tipperary · 1798

At a meeting of magistrates and gentry at Nenagh in March 1798, Protestant gentry proposed that Roman Catholics join in preserving peace, producing an oath which few Catholics took. The same meeting debated proclaiming the baronies of Upper and Lower Ormond.

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On the twelfth of March, 1798, at a meeting of the magiftrates and gentry held at Nenagh, it was propofed by the proteftant gentry, that the Roman catholicks fhould unite in preferving peace and good order, and in mutually nflifting each other *, and an oath for that purpofe was produced, and feveral proteftant gentlemen took ii •, but not more than one or two Roman catholicks.
On that day it was propofed to proclaim the barqnies of Upper and Lower Ormond, and feyen niagiftrates were for it, and four againft it ; but from that miftaken lenity, which has been the ruin of this kingdom, the propofal v/as withdrawn, and yet fo little did it conciliate the people, that the outrages committed by them encreafed fo much, that the whole county was proclaimed on the twenty-fecond of the fame month, by the unanimous vote of twentyrnins magiftrates aflembled at Caftiel.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 137

As the companion tells it

In March 1798, Nenagh hosted a meeting that tried to hold a county together. Magistrates and gentry gathered there on the 12th of that month, and the Protestant gentry proposed that Roman Catholics unite in preserving peace and good order, and in mutually assisting each other. An oath for that purpose was produced. Several Protestant gentlemen took it, but not more than one or two Roman Catholics did. That same day, the meeting debated proclaiming the baronies of Upper and Lower Ormond. 7 magistrates were for it, and 4 against it. But the proposal was withdrawn, from what the book calls "that mistaken lenity, which has been the ruin of this kingdom." Yet it conciliated the people so little that outrages committed by them increased so much that the whole county was proclaimed on the 22nd of the same month, by the unanimous vote of 29 magistrates assembled at Cashel.

Nocturnal whiteboy meetings near Callan, Kilkenny

Callan · town · Kilkenny

A priest testified that the rebellious spirit of the whiteboys still subsisted, evidenced by frequent nocturnal meetings held within eight or nine weeks past in and about Callan and other parts of the county, where informant saw insurgents clad in white uniforms.

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lieves, mean to overturn, and which they would have long fmce more openly attem.pted to execute, but for the timely notice thereof he often from time to time gave to the reverend John Hev/etfon, of Suirville, a juftice of peace for faid county, and whofe life he more than once faved in his chair of confcfTion, by diiRiading his determined and combined affafnns from their bloody purpofes againil him. That informant is fully convinced upon different grounds, (but which, as being confided upon the folemnities of confefiion from fome of the infurgents, and fecrefy, he thinks he cannot, confnlent with his obligation as a prieft, divulge,) tliat the above fpirit of fedition wotild have broke out long fmce to an open and armed rebellion, were it not for the zealous and indefatigable labours of the faid John Hevv^etfon, and William Bagenal, efquire, who, by the fpirit and activity they exerted in detecting, apprehending, and bringing to juftice, fome of the chief leaders of thefe infurredlions, checked and fufpended for a time their bad defigns. And he depofeth in the moft folemn manner, that this fame rebellious fpirit ftill fubfifts among thofe deluded people, as it evidently appears from their frequent nocturnal ineetings, held by informant's certain knowledge, within thefe eight or nine weeks paft, in and about Callan, and other parts cf this county, where informant faw fome of the faid infurgents clad in their white uniforms. Informant !s alfo certain, that this fame rebellious fpirit will never ceafe in this .kingdom, among the aforefaid infurgents, if fome fpeedy and efficacious means be not ufed to prevent it. Informant faith, that his reafon for knowing the faid fchemes and defigns to be true is, that the faid dodlor Butler did folemnly bind him to the following oath : " To be true and faithful to the church of Rome, and to promote its good, and to be faithful to him the faid do6lor Butler, his archbifhop j" that after figning faid promife, in a book belonging to faid Butler, ht was told by him, the faid Butler, that thefe rifmgs of the whiteboys were fet on foot folely for the advancement of the Roman catholick faith, and the extirpation of licrefy in this kingdom and that as ther6 was but one God, there fhould be but one rchgicn : And, to reftore the fame vetiis Hibernia, by making her faithful fons to rife in rebellion to fupport France, or other countries, to eftablifh prince Charles on the Britifli throne. And that he, the faid Butler, then toafted his health in the company pre fen t, who were privy to the confpiracy.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 122

As the companion tells it

As the road brings you through Callan, in County Kilkenny, there is a story from the late eighteenth century of secret meetings in the dark. A priest testified that the rebellious spirit of the whiteboys still subsisted among the people. He knew this because, within eight or nine weeks before he spoke, frequent nocturnal meetings had been held in and about Callan and other parts of the county. At those meetings he saw insurgents clad in their white uniforms. The priest had given timely notice of the seditious designs to the Reverend John Hewetson of Suirville, a justice of the peace for the county. He had saved Hewetson's life more than once in the confessional, by dissuading men who had determined to assassinate him. He believed that open and armed rebellion would have broken out long since were it not for the efforts of Hewetson and William Bagenal, who had detected, apprehended, and brought to justice some of the chief leaders, checking their designs for a time. The priest said his knowledge came through an oath solemnly administered by Doctor Butler, an archbishop. The oath bound him to be "true and faithful to the church of Rome, and to promote its good, and to be faithful to him the said Doctor Butler, his archbishop." After signing this promise in Butler's book, he was told that the whiteboy risings were set on foot solely for the advancement of the Roman Catholic faith and the extirpation of heresy in the kingdom. Butler said that as there was but one God, there should be but one religion. The aim was to restore the faith of Hibernia by making her faithful sons rise in rebellion to support France, or other countries, to establish Prince Charles on the British throne. Butler then toasted his health before those present who were privy to the conspiracy.

O'Doude family burial place at Moyne Abbey with gigantic bones

near Moyne Abbey · ecclesiastical site · Mayo

The O'Doude family had a burying-place appropriated to them in the abbey of Moyne, where the gigantic bones of some family members could be seen, one of whom reportedly exceeded seven feet in height.

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The idea of recovering his hereditary eflate Vw.^; ftudioufly infufed into his mind by his wife and 'followers, who vainly imagined that a revolution would be accompHfhed, and that the defcendants of the old Irifh families would be iliortiy reinlhited in their former poffefiions and honours by the French. This family have a burying-place appropriated to them in ' the abbey of Moyne, v/here may be feen the gigan- "tick bones cf fome of them, who have been very "remarkable for their great ftature, as one of them 'exceeded feven feet in height.
Colonel Mc. Donnel, a Roman catbolick gentleihan, was fon to Jofeph Mc, Donnel, of Carnacun,

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 112

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Moyne Abbey, the O'Doude family had a burying-place appropriated to them. His wife and followers had studied into his mind the idea of recovering his hereditary estate, vainly imagining that a revolution would be accomplished, and that the descendants of the old Irish families would be shortly reinstated in their former possessions and honours by the French. In the abbey of Moyne, where this family kept their burying-place, there may be seen the gigantic bones of some of them, who were very remarkable for their great stature. One of them exceeded seven feet in height.

Plan to attack Dublin Castle from Ship Street

Ship Street · street · Cork · 1798

The plan of the United Irishmen was for the castle to be attacked in front, and in rear, from Ship Street, with leading government men, particularly the Beresford family, to be assassinated.

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The caftle was to have been attacked in front, and in ' rear, from Ship-ftreet.
The

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 137

As the companion tells it

A rebel approach, Ship Street, was where the United Irishmen planned in 1798 to attack Dublin Castle from the rear. The castle was also to be attacked in front, and leading government men, particularly the Beresford family, were to be assassinated.

Plot to Murder High Sheriff Robert Harding in Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1798

A plot was discovered to murder Robert Harding, then high sheriff of Cork city, whose active conduct against the rebels made him a target of their vengeance.

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On the 5 th day of April, 1798, came forward voluntarily, and made many important difcoveries of traitorous focieties then in exiftence in this city and county, tending to the entire fubverfion of his prefent ma jelly's government, religion, and laws ; and of focieties convened, for the fanguinary purpofe of affalfinating every loyal and welldifpofed perfon in the country^ without any exception, particularly that by which mcfiieurs St. George and Uniacke M'ere moil cruelly murdered ; and of thofe who made an attempt on the life of' fir Henry Mannix, a magiftrate of this county, who, by his aclive exertions to crufli the rebellious, incurred their hatred •, and of a plot to murder Robert Harding, efquire, then high flieriffof the city, whofe very a<^ive conduct marked him as an obje6l of their fanguinary vengeance. They alfo difcovcred, and profecuted to conviction, the traitors who procured to be printed, and circulated, hand-bills for the diabolical purpofe of feducing the Dublin county and North Mayo regiments of militia (then quartered in this city) from their duty and allegiance and alfo gave informations of fixty-nine focieties of United Iridmien in Cork, with the names and places of abode of the officers who belonged to each, many of whom were very forward and active in having pikes made, and ill colleding money to forward the rebellion.
APPENDIX, No. XI.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

Cork, in 1798, was a city thick with secret societies and violent designs. On the 5th of April that year, someone came forward voluntarily and made many important discoveries of traitorous societies then in existence in the city and county. These societies, the informant revealed, were convened for the purpose of assassinating every loyal and well-disposed person in the country, without exception. Among their victims were St. George and Uniacke, who were most cruelly murdered. The societies had also made an attempt on the life of Sir Henry Mannix, a magistrate of the county, who had incurred their hatred by his active exertions to crush the rebellious. And there was a plot to murder Robert Harding, then high sheriff of the city, whose very active conduct marked him as an object of their vengeance. The informant also discovered and prosecuted to conviction the traitors who had printed and circulated hand-bills for the purpose of seducing the Dublin county and North Mayo regiments of militia, then quartered in the city, from their duty and allegiance. And they gave information of 69 societies of United Irishmen in Cork, with the names and places of abode of the officers belonging to each, many of whom were forward and active in having pikes made and in collecting money to forward the rebellion.

Popish Convention Assembles in Back-Lane, Dublin

Back Lane · street · Dublin · 1792–1793

A popish convention was convoked by Edward Byrne's writs and assembled to sit in Back-lane, Dublin. Delegates were then sent with an address to the king.

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Cathohck committee, origin of, i. 90 — Exifts as a delegated body, duly eleded, and returned in the year 1783, ibid. — The nobility and gentry of their perfuafton being obliged to fecede from them they form revolutionary defigns, i. 93 — Who then look the lead in it, i. 94 — Thty pretend to be very moderate in their views, ibid. — Frame and fend a declaration of their tenets to Sinclare Kelhurne of Belfaft, i. 95 — Curious debate when affemblcd to frame their declaration, i. 97 — Dodlor Mc. Kenna's ftridures on their improper condud, i. 93 — Edward Byrne, by order of the catholick committee, fends circular letters to convoke a popifh convention, i. 100 — Cenfured by the corporation of Dublin, who publilhed fpirited refolutions on the occafion„ ibid. — Popilh convention adembled under Edward Byrne's writs, and fit in Back-lane, i. loz — Send delegates w^ith an ad~ drefs to the king, i. 103 — Thdr reception by the demagogues of Belfaft, i. ibid.
Cutholick fociety flrft inftituted, i. 90 — ^Com.mittee raife money on their body at large and proted the defenders, i. 107 — Extend their views, and rife in their dem.and of political power^ i. 108, 109 — Negotiate with Edmund Burke, and hire as their agent his fon Richard, who comes to Ireland, i. ro8 — Enlifl lonie proteftant barrifters, viz. Tone, Butier and Jones, in their fervice, who write in their favour, i. 112 — Send mifTionaries to ^ the North to unite the prefbyterians ar.d papifts in the confpiracy, i. 124.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 195

As the companion tells it

A meeting place of a popish convention, Back Lane in Dublin. The story begins with a Catholic committee that existed as a delegated body, duly elected and returned in the year 1783. The nobility and gentry of their persuasion were obliged to secede from them, and after that the committee formed revolutionary designs. They pretended to be very moderate in their views. They framed and sent a declaration of their tenets to Sinclair Kelburne of Belfast, and there was a curious debate when they assembled to frame that declaration. Doctor McKenna made strictures on their improper conduct. Edward Byrne, by order of the Catholic committee, sent circular letters to convoke a popish convention. This was censured by the corporation of Dublin, who published spirited resolutions on the occasion. The popish convention assembled under Edward Byrne's writs and sat in Back-lane. They sent delegates with an address to the king. The delegates also had a reception by the demagogues of Belfast. Before all this, the Catholic society was first instituted, and the committee raised money on their body at large and protected the Defenders. They extended their views and rose in their demand of political power. They negotiated with Edmund Burke and hired as their agent his son Richard, who came to Ireland. They enlisted Protestant barristers, Tone, Butler and Jones, in their service, who wrote in their favour. They sent missionaries to the North to unite the Presbyterians and Papists in the conspiracy.

Popish musicians refuse to play in Athy church

Athy · town · Kildare

Lord Granard ordered his regiment's band to play during divine service in the Protestant church at Athy, but the Catholic musicians refused, having been told by a priest they would be damned for entering a Protestant church. Inquiry revealed the priest was from the Catholic seminary at Carlow and defended this doctrine.

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It is true, as this writer afets, that in Germany fome ecclefiaftical eftablifhments were polleiied ahernately by proteflants and catholicks, and the fame church ferves fre-? tjuently for their worfhip ; but v/hat conffit'utes the diiFerence between thefe two reUgioniiis in thofe countries and Ireland, is the illiberality and fanaticifm of the Iridi priefts, who tell their befotted fectaries that they will be damned if they even enter a proteilant church, which they univerfally do. A lady in the city of Dublin, of diftinguiflied benevolence, recently folicitcd a certain Roman catholick lady of rank to alhfl: in colledling money at a charity fermon in a proteilant church y and her anfwer was, that Ihe would gladly do fo, but that the rules of her church would not permit her to comply, or words to that purpofe ; at the fame time, the proteilant nobility and gentry frequently collect charity in popifli chapels. Some time fmce lord Granaid ordered the band of his regiment to play during divine fervice in the church of Athy, where they were quartered j but the popifh muficians refufed to obey, having faid, that a prieft aflured them they would be damned if they entered a proteilant church. On enquiry it was difcovered, that a prieft, who was a member of the popifh feminary at Carlow, gave them this charitable aflurance ; and on being queftioned on it, the prieft avowed, that it was confonant to the eftablifhed doctrines of his church. In the fame manner do£lor Copphiger, titular bifhop of Cloyne, would not fuff^r fuch of the bsnd of the King^s county regiment, as v/ere papills, to play in the proteftant church at Youghali ; though, with the perm.iflion of the colonel, both the proteftant and popifh muficians had couftantly jiiayed in the popilh chape],
' ' ^ • The

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 182

As the companion tells it

Athy is a town you pass through on this road. In the church here, an incident took place involving Lord Granard and his regiment's band. Lord Granard ordered the band of his regiment to play during divine service in the Protestant church at Athy, where they were quartered. The Catholic musicians refused to obey. They said a priest had assured them they would be damned if they entered a Protestant church. On enquiry it was discovered that a priest who was a member of the Catholic seminary at Carlow had given them this assurance. When questioned on it, the priest avowed that it was consonant to the established doctrines of his church. The matter did not end at Athy. Doctor Coppinger, titular bishop of Cloyne, would not suffer such of the band of the King's County regiment as were Catholic to play in the Protestant church at Youghal, though with the permission of the colonel both Protestant and Catholic musicians had constantly played in the Catholic chapel. The book that records this argues that the difference between the two religions in Ireland and in Germany lies in what it calls the illiberality of the Irish priests, who tell their followers they will be damned if they even enter a Protestant church. A lady in the city of Dublin, of distinguished benevolence, recently asked a Catholic lady of rank to assist in collecting money at a charity sermon in a Protestant church, and the answer was that she would gladly do so, but the rules of her church would not permit her to comply.

Rebel pikemen captains commissioned at Ballina

Ballina · townland · Mayo · 1798

At Ballina and its vicinity, any man who could influence forty or fifty ruffians became a captain of a company of pikemen and obtained a commission from True the commandant, signalizing himself by dragging in and plundering Orangemen (Protestants).

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At Ballina, and In its vicinity, any mifcreant who could influence forty or fifty ruffians, became captain - of a company of pikemen, and obtained a commiffion from True the commandant ; and the firft ad by which he fignalized himfelf was, by dragging iu Orangemen, by which they meant proteftants, and by plundering their houfes.
Before I proceed to defcribe the operations of the main body of the French army at Cafllebar, I will give the reader a fketch of the charaders of fome of

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 86

As the companion tells it

Close to Ballina, in 1798, the rebellion handed authority to men of influence. Any man who could command forty or fifty ruffians became captain of a company of pikemen, with a commission from True, the commandant. His first act was to signalize himself by dragging in Orangemen, by which they meant Protestants, and by plundering their houses.

Rebels break down Toome bridge

Toome · townland · Antrim · 1798

After evacuating Randalstown, rebels marched to Toome and remained two days, breaking down the bridge over the Bann to stop General Knox's advance.

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Colonel Clavering and colonel Durham marched to Shane's-caflle the evening of the feventh. The rebels evacuated Randalflown at ten that night, and marched to Toome, where they remained two days ; and on feeing general Knox advancing towards them, they broke down the bridge to prevent him from crofTing the Bann. The rebels went from Antrim* to Ballymena and Donegore hill, where they re-^ mained till Monday the eleventh, when colonel Clavering granted them an amnefly, on furrendering
their

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 64

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Toome, rebels broke down a bridge over the Bann in 1798. They had evacuated Randalstown at ten at night on the seventh, and marched here, remaining two days. Seeing General Knox advancing towards them, they broke down the bridge to prevent him crossing the Bann. They then went from Antrim to Ballymena and Donegore Hill, and remained there until Monday the eleventh, when Colonel Clavering granted them an amnesty on surrendering.

Rebels deterred near Belturbet by armed Protestants

Belturbet · town · Cavan · 1798

Rebels showed a disposition to rise around Belturbet in Cavan but were deterred by the large number of well-armed Protestants there, retreating instead to the mountains of Ballynamore about six miles off.

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The rebels fliewed a difpofition to rife in the country round Belturbet, in the latter county ; but it abounds fo much with proteftants, who were well armed, that they would hot venture to do fo, but repaired to the mountains of Ballynamore, about fix miles off, where they aflembled in confiderable numbers. For the fame reafon they did not venture to rife in the county of Fermanagh, where there were fix thoufand proteftants \vell armed. From the battle of Caflilebar to the furrender of the French, the blackfmiths wxre employed in making pikes, in the counties of Monaghan, Leitrim, Longford, Rofcommon. Mayo, Sligo, Meath, Weftmeath and Dublin,
The landing of the French was known by the rebels in the county of Kildare, the Queen's county, and part of the county of Tipperary ; and the mafs of the people in them fhewed fuddenly a ftrong fenfation and a fpirit of combination, even before the loyal fubjedts were acquainted with that event.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 109

As the companion tells it

This is Belturbet, in Cavan. In 1798, rebels showed a disposition to rise in the country round this town. But the area abounded with Protestants who were well armed, and the rebels would not venture to do so. Instead they repaired to the mountains of Ballynamore, about six miles off, where they assembled in considerable numbers. For the same reason they did not venture to rise in the county of Fermanagh, where there were six thousand Protestants well armed. From the battle of Castlebar to the surrender of the French, blacksmiths were employed in making pikes in the counties of Monaghan, Leitrim, Longford, Roscommon, Mayo, Sligo, Meath, Westmeath, and Dublin. The landing of the French was known by the rebels in the county of Kildare, the Queen's county, and part of the county of Tipperary. The mass of the people in them showed suddenly a strong sensation and a spirit of combination, even before the loyal subjects were acquainted with that event.

Rebels hanged at Rathfarnham for treacherous ambush

Rathfarnham · townland · Dublin · 1798

A party of rebels moving munitions from Dublin to the Wicklow mountains was intercepted; several were killed and three who had fired after surrendering were hanged at Rathfarnham.

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lip With a party of rebels who v/ere oii their way from Dublin to the Wicklow mountains, conveying ammunition to the banditti who infefted them. They were armed, had a green flag, and green cockades in their hats. Three or four of them were killed, and three who had aded with fmgular treachery by firing after they had furrendered themfelves, were hanged at Rathfarnham ; five more were led into tovv^n as prifoners.
A numerous body of rebels who efcaped from Vinegar-hill retreated into the county of Kilkenny, under the command of father John Murphy, of Boulavogue, by the Scullagh gap, * and thence they proceeded to Caillecomer, deflroying the houfes and property of proteftants, and murdering fucU of their inhabitants as fell into their hands.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 45

As the companion tells it

Close to Rathfarnham, in 1798, rebels met their end here. A party had been making their way from Dublin to the Wicklow mountains, carrying ammunition to the bands operating there. They were armed, and carried a green flag and green cockades in their hats. Three or four of them were killed in the encounter. Three more were hanged at Rathfarnham, after they had acted with what the record calls singular treachery by firing even after they had surrendered themselves. Five others were led back into Dublin as prisoners.

Rebels surrender pikes to Captain Swayne at Prosperous

Prosperous · town · Kildare · 1798

The day before the massacre, many rebels came to Prosperous and, before Captain Swayne and their parish priest Higgins, declared contrition and surrendered pikes to obtain written protection, though many later still appeared armed.

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4:hat foon after he went out, with an Intention of enquiring ■for his friend Mr. Norris, an inhabitant of Profperous aforefaitl ; and that before examinant had gone far, he was again furrounded by the faid rebels, who, he verily believes, would have put liim to death but for the interference of the perfon who had favcd hirn before. Examinant faith, lie .difcovered foon after that Mr.. Brewer, a refpeftable manufa6^:urer of faid town, who had employed many of the faid rebels, had been maHacred by them, and that his body had been mangled with favagc barbarity Examinant faith, that they alfO maffacred a poor old man, of the age of feventy years, and upv/ards, who ferved as a ferjeant in his majefty's forees, having eonfidered him as an orangemati, though examinant is convinced in his mind that the only reafon why the faid rebels murdered the faid ferjeant v/as his being lA protefhant. Examinant faith, that when the faid rebels had committed the faid barbarities, they exclaimed with favage joy, " Where are the hereticks nov/ ? Shew us the face o£ an Orangeman !" Examinant faith, that many women who were a£ling with the faid rebels ufed expreffions of that tenor, as often and as loiid as the men ; and that fome old women who were amongft them, feemed to brighten up on the occafion, and to fhew as much fervent joy as the youngeft amongft them : That fome of the faid women kiffed and congratulated their fathers, their hufbands^ or their brothers, 6n the vi6lory they gained, and exclaim.ed with joy, The 'kiiigdorri is our own, for Dublin and Naas have beeii taken, and are in poirelhon of our friends — down with the hereticks ! dov/n with the orangemen !" Examinant faith, that many of the wretches who had been a£^ors in that bloody fcene, had com.e intp the town of Profperous aforefaid the preceding day^ and in the prefence of captain Swayne, of the city of Ccrk militia, (whom with a party of his regi-* ment, they had maffacred that morning, viz. the twentyfourth of May,) and alfo in the prefence of their parifti priefl, of the name of Higgins, had declared their contrition for their paft errors, and gave the ftrongefl alTurance of their loyalty in future ; that many of the faid rebels fiirrendered their pikes to the faid Swayne ; and as fuch furrender was eonfidered as a teft of their repentance, and as neceffary to entitle them to a written protection, numbers of them lamented that they could not obtain fuch protection, as they never had a pike j and that many of them de-' clared, they would fell their cow to purchafc a pike, if they Vol. II. Z knevtr

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 137

As the companion tells it

The town of Prosperous saw a strange scene in 1798. The day before the massacre of the twenty-fourth of May, many rebels came into the town. They stood before Captain Swayne of the City of Cork militia and before their parish priest, a man named Higgins. They declared their contrition for their past errors. They gave the strongest assurance of their loyalty in future. Many of these rebels surrendered their pikes to Swayne. That surrender was considered a test of their repentance. It was necessary to entitle them to a written protection. So many of them lamented that they could not obtain such protection, because they had never had a pike. Some declared they would sell their cow to purchase a pike, if they could. The next morning, the twenty-fourth of May, those same rebels massacred Captain Swayne and a party of his regiment. They also massacred a manufacturer in the town, a man named Brewer, who had employed many of them. His body was mangled with savage barbarity. They killed an old sergeant of seventy years and upwards, considering him an Orangeman, though the examinant believed the only reason was that he was a Protestant. They cried out where the heretics were now, and demanded to be shown the face of an Orangeman. Women acted with the rebels, old and young, kissing and congratulating their fathers, husbands, and brothers, declaring the kingdom was their own, that Dublin and Naas had been taken, and calling down the heretics and orangemen.

Rutland town built for herring fishery, later neglected

Rutland · electoral division · Donegal

The town of Rutland was built on the coast of County Donegal during Lord Westmorland's administration to carry on the herring fishery, but the herrings never returned to that coast and the town was neglected.

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The town of Rutland was buHt in the adminiftratron of lord Weflmorland, on the coaft of the county of Donegal, for the purpofe of carrying on the herring fifiiery ; but the herrings have not vifited that coaft fnice its foundation^ it has been neglected. Why not eftablifh a colony of Proteft.mt munufaClurers in it> to whom the children brei
502 APPENDIX, No. XXIII.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 182

As the companion tells it

This is Rutland, in Donegal. A town was built here on the coast during Lord Westmorland's administration to carry on the herring fishery. But the herrings never visited that coast again after its foundation, and so the town was neglected.

Soldiers killed in Defender attack at Athboy

Athboy · town · Meath · 1793

A detachment of the 8th regiment was attacked by a numerous body of Defenders at Athboy, County Meath, resulting in the deaths of two soldiers.

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In the fame month a detachment of the eighth regiment was attacked by a numerous body of them at Athboy, irt the county of Meath, and two of the foldiers were killed.
In the fame month a party of them attempted to carry oiF four pieces of cannon from Garretftown in the county o£ Meath, but \<>-ere prevented by the volunteers of Ardeath.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 133

As the companion tells it

Athboy in County Meath. In 1793, a detachment of the 8th regiment was attacked here by a numerous body of Defenders. Two soldiers were killed.

Two rebel leaders hanged at Edenderry

Edenderry · town · Offaly · 1798

Following the defeat at Ballygullen, rebels dispersed into Kildare, Carlow and Meath under various leaders including Perry and Kearns, two of whom were hanged at Edenderry while two others surrendered at the castle.

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rendered themfelves at the caftle ; the two latter were hanged at Edenderry. Many of their followers died by the fword and the gibbet ; others turned robbers ; and but few returned to their refpeclive homes.
The mountains of Wicklow continued for many months after the afylum of a defperate banditti, who, under Holt and Hacket as leaders, committed plunder and affadination in all the adjacent country. That county, from the flrong pofts and faftneiTes which its fleep craggy mountains and deep defiles afford^ was the laR place in Ireland in which rebellion was fubdued in the reigns of Elizabeth, Charles L and king William.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 35

As the companion tells it

The town of Edenderry saw two rebel leaders hanged in 1798. After the defeat at Ballygullen, the rebels scattered into Kildare, Carlow and Meath, under various leaders including Perry and Kearns. Two of them surrendered at the castle. The two others were hanged. Many of their followers died by the sword and the gibbet. Others turned robbers. But few returned to their respective homes.

Whipping Traitors Preserved Dublin from Carnage

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1798

The author argues that the preservation of the metropolis (Dublin) from carnage, plunder, and conflagration was largely due to the practice of whipping, as traitors revealed important secrets and the location of concealed arms upon being whipped.

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Cooke Otway, efquire, of Caftle Otway, a gentlemannoted for his loyalty, was the moft a61:ive perfon in th© county of Tipperary, next to colonel Fitzgerald, in putting down rebellion, for which he was afterwards perfecuted. He raifed a yeoman corps, but was obliged to diflrand the popilli members, as they had taken the United Irifhrnian's oath. The prefervation of the metropolis from carnage, plunder, and conflagration, may in a great meafure be imputed to it, as traitors, on being whipped, revealed the moft important fecrets, and; confefi'ed. where great quantities of arms were concealed. ' ' v :
The county of Wexford might have been faved, if it had been reforted to there.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 182

As the companion tells it

Dublin in 1798 came close to carnage, plunder, and fire. The author says the city was saved largely by whipping. Traitors, when whipped, revealed the most important secrets and confessed where great quantities of arms were concealed. Cooke Otway, of Castle Otway in Tipperary, was the most active man in that county next to Colonel Fitzgerald in putting down rebellion. He raised a yeoman corps but had to disband the Catholic members, as they had taken the United Irishmen's oath. He was noted for his loyalty and was afterwards persecuted for his efforts. The author adds that the county of Wexford might have been saved if whipping had been resorted to there.

Widows threatened in the streets of Tintern

Tintern · townland · Wexford · 1798

When widows and relations of those murdered assembled in the streets of Tintern lamenting their losses, the prisoner threatened them with the same fate as their husbands if he heard more of it.

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That, when the Vv-idov/s and relations of fhofe who had been murdered, alTembled together in the ftreets of Tintern, an d were lamenting the icfs of their relations^ the prifoner threatened them with the fate of their hufbands if he heard any more of it.
That there were two corps of rebels at Tintern ; the one went from it to murder, the other (laid at home to fend the proteftants to them, and to plunder.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 161

As the companion tells it

Close to Tintern, in 1798, widows and relations of those who had been murdered gathered together in the streets, lamenting their losses. The prisoner threatened them with the fate of their husbands if he heard any more of it. There were two corps of rebels at Tintern. One went from it to murder. The other stayed at home to send the Protestants to them, and to plunder.

William Orr hanged at Carrickfergus

Carrickfergus · townland · Antrim · 1797–1798

William Orr, a rebel, was hanged at Carrickfergus; his brother Samuel Orr later commanded a rebel column at the battle of Antrim.

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proteftajits of his corps at Rathcool, i. 281. Orjr^ William, a rebel hanged at Carrickfergus, i. 216. O/r, Samuel, brother tp William, who was hanged at Carrickfergus, commanded a rej^el column at the battle of Antrim, ii. 95.
Oulartt battle of, \vhen orie hundred and fifteen of the Nortlj

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 195

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Carrickfergus, William Orr, a rebel, was hanged. His brother Samuel Orr later commanded a rebel column at the battle of Antrim.

Abraham Chritchley of Ballyboy repels rebel attack

Ballyboy · townland · Wicklow · 1798

The Wicklow magistrates' resolution praised Abraham Chritchley of Ballyboy and his family for the spirited manner in which they repelled an attack by traitors upon his house and property on Sunday 25 March.

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Refolved, that we admire and highly approve of the fpirited manner in which Abraham Chritchley, of Ballyboy, cfquire, and his family, repelled the attack of traitors upon his houfe and property on Sunday the twenty-fifth of March iaft ; and we do hereby pledge ourfelvesto him, and to each other, to give the moft decided afiiftance and fupport to him, and to all other perfons of every perfuafion and defcription whatfoever, upon whom (imxilar outrages may Jje attempted.
Refolved, that tlic thanks of tins meeting be, and are hereby given to the reverend Edward Bayly, for the very fpirited and loyal addrefs propofed by him to the meeting this day.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 138

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, in 1798, Abraham Chritchley of Ballyboy and his family fought off an attack on his house and his property. It happened on Sunday the 25th of March. The Wicklow magistrates met afterward and resolved that they admired and highly approved of the spirited manner in which Chritchley and his family had repelled the traitors. They pledged themselves to give the most decided assistance and support to him, and to all other persons of every persuasion and description upon whom similar outrages might be attempted. The magistrates also gave their thanks to the Reverend Edward Bayly, for the spirited and loyal address he had proposed to the meeting that day.

Battle of Ballyraheen and killing of loyalists

Ballyraheen · townland · Wicklow · 1798

On the second of July, several protestants were killed at the battle of Ballyraheen, including captain Chamney, his nephew Joseph Chamney, captain Nixon of Nurney, and others of Coolakenny parish.

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On the fecond of July, killed at the battle of Ballyrahin, captain Chamney, his nephew Jofeph Chamney of Ballyrahin, captain Nixon of Nurney, James Twamley of do. Chriftopher Twamley of do. Michael Leonard of do. and James Bardon of do. in the parifh of Coolakenny 5 all proteftants.
Taken from Coqlkenno town the fame day and piked, in cold blood, George Davifon, Jofeph and William Halfpenny, Thomas Charlton, and alfo William Mires of Crownalay. The fame day William Watters and John Reftly of Coolatin, parifh of Carnew, were piked. The fame day George Driver, William Rice and Annefley Green of Tinahely, parifh of Kilccmen, w^ere piked ; all proteflants.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 139

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Ballyraheen, on the second of July 1798, a battle was fought. Captain Chamney was killed there, and his nephew Joseph Chamney of Ballyraheen, Captain Nixon of Nurney, James Twamley, Christopher Twamley, Michael Leonard, and James Bardon, all of the parish of Coolakenny. All were protestants. That same day, taken from Coolakenny town and piked in cold blood, George Davison, Joseph and William Halfpenny, Thomas Charlton, and William Mires of Crownalay. That same day William Watters and John Restly of Coolatin, parish of Carnew, were piked. That same day George Driver, William Rice, and Annesley Green of Tinahely, parish of Kilcommon, were piked. All protestants.

Cold-blooded killings at Coolkenno town

Coolkenna · townland · Wicklow · 1798

Several men were taken from Coolkenno town the same day and piked in cold blood, including George Davison, Joseph and William Halfpenny, Thomas Charlton, and William Mires of Crownalay.

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Taken from Coqlkenno town the fame day and piked, in cold blood, George Davifon, Jofeph and William Halfpenny, Thomas Charlton, and alfo William Mires of Crownalay. The fame day William Watters and John Reftly of Coolatin, parifh of Carnew, were piked. The fame day George Driver, William Rice and Annefley Green of Tinahely, parifh of Kilccmen, w^ere piked ; all proteflants.
The fame day, James Smith, and John Waters of Crofs Patrick, were piked.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 139

As the companion tells it

Close to Coolkenna, in 1798, several men were taken from the town and piked in cold blood. George Davison, Joseph and William Halfpenny, Thomas Charlton, and William Mires of Crownalay were killed. The same day, William Watters and John Restly of Coolatin, parish of Carnew, were piked. George Driver, William Rice and Annesley Green of Tinahely, parish of Kilcommon, were piked. All Protestants.

Cornwallis crosses the Shannon at Carrick to intercept the French

Carrick-on-Shannon · town · Leitrim · 1798

Lord Cornwallis, having received intelligence via colonel Meade, crossed the Shannon at Carrick-on-Shannon to keep south of the enemy and intercept them, then advanced rapidly toward St Johnstown.

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His excellency, by croffing the Shannon at Carrick, kept to the fouth of the enemy, fo as to intercept them, fhould general Lake, who puriued them with an army of about two thousand in-n, fail in overtaking or defeating them, which was a moit judicious movement ; and for the fame reafon his excellency advanced with rapidity from Carrick toSt.Johnftown. §
As

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 104

As the companion tells it

In 1798, Lord Cornwallis crossed the Shannon at Carrick-on-Shannon. Acting on intelligence from Colonel Meade, he kept south of the enemy to intercept them should General Lake, pursuing with about two thousand men, fail to overtake or defeat them. Cornwallis then advanced rapidly from Carrick toward St Johnstown.

County Tipperary proclaimed at Cashel

Cashel · townland · Tipperary · 1798

Due to increasing outrages, the whole county of Tipperary was proclaimed on 22 March 1798, by the unanimous vote of twenty-nine magistrates assembled at Cashel.

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On that day it was propofed to proclaim the barqnies of Upper and Lower Ormond, and feyen niagiftrates were for it, and four againft it ; but from that miftaken lenity, which has been the ruin of this kingdom, the propofal v/as withdrawn, and yet fo little did it conciliate the people, that the outrages committed by them encreafed fo much, that the whole county was proclaimed on the twenty-fecond of the fame month, by the unanimous vote of twentyrnins magiftrates aflembled at Caftiel.
The reader may form an idea of the boldnefs and audacity of the rebels in the county of Tipperaiy, from the following fa6l, ftated in the report of the fecret committee of 1798, of, the hcufe of commons, page 22 : " That eight hundred infurgents, principally mounted, invefted ^he town of Cahir, in the county of Tipperary, and held pofleffion of it, until they had made a regular fearch through .every houfe, and carried off in triumph all the arms and ammunition they could find.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 137

As the companion tells it

Close to Cashel, in March 1798, the whole county of Tipperary was placed under proclamation. It came after an earlier proposal to proclaim the baronies of Upper and Lower Ormond had been withdrawn. Seven magistrates had voted for that measure, and four against it, but what the source calls mistaken lenity carried the day. The withdrawal did nothing to calm the people. Outrages increased so much that on the 22nd of the month, 29 magistrates assembled at Cashel and voted unanimously to proclaim the entire county. The boldness of the rebels can be measured by what happened at Cahir, also in Tipperary, as stated in the report of the secret committee of 1798 of the House of Commons. 800 insurgents, principally mounted, invested the town of Cahir and held possession of it until they had made a regular search through every house, and carried off in triumph all the arms and ammunition they could find.

Defender extortion at Parsonstown

Parsonstown · townland · Westmeath

Clarke, a publican and committee man and treasurer to the Defenders, lived at Parsonstown and had the country under contribution, issuing orders to pass persons who paid their subscriptions; robberies including that of Mrs. Thompson occurred there.

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The confelnon upon oath of Henry Ledwich who took refuge in the goal of Mullingar, before fome magiftrates thirtieth January, 1796. He is a private in the 12th dragoons, and voluntarily made a very ufeful difcovery of a murder and robbery intended to be committed in the houfe of Lavallin Nugent, efquire, of Tulla, in the county of Weftmeath. Deponent was two years a defender, and to get rid of tliem, enlifted about two months ago in the faid regiment. The firft oath he took was to be true to the king, and to his brethren, when occafion required ;--the fecond was to be true to his brethren, and to join, the French when they would land, and to deftroy the members of every religion but their own. Deponent was fworn a defender in the county of Cavan, but never a£ted as fuch till about a month ago, and was out but three times with them, in Weftmeath, whither he came from the county of Cavan to avoid them. Deponent was fpoken to by one Clarke a publican, who was a committee man and treafurer to the defenders, and lives at Parfon*s-town, and has feduced many perfons. Deponent's motive for giving information about the Nugent family was, that his family had ferved under them in the wars of Ireland. . That Clarke has the country under contribution, and iiTues his orders to pafs fuch perfons as pay their fubfcrlptionsu Deponent was at the robbery of
APPENDIX, No. XIII. 289

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 137

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Parsonstown, a man named Clarke kept a public house. He was a committee man and treasurer to the Defenders, and he had the country under contribution, issuing orders to pass such persons as paid their subscriptions. He had seduced many persons into the cause. What we know of him comes from the confession of Henry Ledwich, a private in the 12th dragoons, who gave his information before magistrates on the 30th of January, 1796, while taking refuge in the jail of Mullingar. Ledwich had been a Defender for two years and had enlisted about two months before to get rid of them. He was sworn as a Defender in the county of Cavan, but never acted as one until about a month before his confession. He came from Cavan to Westmeath to avoid them, and was out with them only three times. The first oath Ledwich took was to be true to the king, and to his brethren, when occasion required. The second was to be true to his brethren, to join the French when they would land, and to destroy the members of every religion but their own. Clarke spoke to Ledwich personally. Ledwich gave information about a murder and robbery intended against the house of Lavallin Nugent, esquire, of Tulla, in the county of Westmeath. His motive was that his family had served under the Nugents in the wars of Ireland.

Defenders assault Tyrone militia at Tuam

Tuam · town · Galway · 1795

About the same time as the Sligo attack, a numerous body of defenders assaulted a company of the Tyrone militia quartered at Tuam; in defence the militia killed eighteen and took and wounded many more.

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This month, (May,) near Sligo, between two and three thoufand defenders had the temerity to attack a company of the Derry militia, who repelled the attack, after killing thirty, and taking many of the infurgents. About the fame time, a numerous body of them alTaulted a company of the Tyrone militia, quartered at Tuam, who in their defence killed eighteen, and took and wounded a great number of them.
June tv/enty-fecond, a party of defenders broke into the houfe of Coote Molloy, efquire, near Boyle, in the county of Rofcommon, but his fon having fliot one of them dead in the hall, the remainder fled j he alfo wounded another, who turned approver.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 137

As the companion tells it

In May 1795, the road brings you near Tuam, in Galway. About the same time as a large body of defenders attacked a company of the Derry militia near Sligo, a numerous body of defenders assaulted a company of the Tyrone militia, who were quartered here at Tuam. The militia defended themselves. They killed eighteen of the defenders, and took and wounded a great number more.

Donard vicar's house and property destroyed

Donard · town · Wicklow · 1798

At the Vicarage of Donard, vicar Arthur Connolly's house and all his property were destroyed by rebels, and many Protestant parishioners were obliged to flee their houses.

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7 Vicarage of Donard : Arthur Gonolly, vicar, his houfe and all his property defl:royed ; and many protectant parifliioners obliged to fly from their houfes.
$ Vicarage of Donoghmore : Doctor Edward Ryan, vicar ; fome of the protefl:ant parifliioners murdered, the remainder obliged to fly the houfes of mofl: of them burned ; no fervice in the church for feven months.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 141

As the companion tells it

In the town of Donard, the vicar's house and all his property were destroyed by rebels in 1798. Doctor Edward Ryan was the vicar. Some of the Protestant parishioners were murdered. The remainder were obliged to flee their houses, and the houses of most of them were burned. No service was held in the church for seven months.

Faslaghdineen cavalrymen jailed as suspected rebels

Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny · 1798

In early June, Sir Charles Asgill received information against several of the Faslaghdineen cavalry as rebels, resulting in seven papists among them being lodged in Kilkenny gaol.

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Early in the month of June, fir Charles Afgill received inform.ation againfh feveral of the FalTaghdineen cavalry, as rebels, and in confequenCe feven of them, all papifts, were lodged in Kilkenny gaol. The people of the neighbourhood^continued to give up their pikes, and to take oaths of allegiance, in order to lull the magiftrates and proteftant inhabitants into a fupine and fatal fecurity.
They were frequently alarmed by reports of the rebels coming to attack them, and the garrifon were leveral nights under arms ; but thofe reports were generally occafioned by ill-grounded apprehenfiOns. The mindf; of the people were in fuch a ftate, that any unufual noife at night occafioned infmite alarm. However, at length they heard that a body of rebels, who efcaped from Wexford, were making their way

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 48

As the companion tells it

In June 1798, Kilkenny gaol held seven men. Sir Charles Asgill had received information against several of the Faslaghdineen cavalry, naming them as rebels. All seven were papists. The people of the neighbourhood went on giving up their pikes and taking oaths of allegiance, which lulled the magistrates and Protestant inhabitants into what the source calls "a supine and fatal security." They were still frequently alarmed by reports of rebels coming to attack, and the garrison stood under arms several nights. Those reports were generally ill-grounded. People's minds were in such a state that any unusual noise at night caused infinite alarm. Then word came that a body of rebels who had escaped from Wexford were making their way toward them.

Father Owen Cowley, priest near Ballina from Castlecomer parish

Castlecomer · town · Kilkenny

Father Owen Cowley was the son of a poor peasant from the parish of Castlecomer, county Sligo, within about four miles of Ballina. He was educated in France and returned to Ireland to offer his services to the French republicans.

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Father, Owen Cowley was the fon of a poor peafant, who lived in the parifh of Caftlecomer, and county of Sligo^ within about four miles of Balhna, At a hedge-fchool he acquired a competent lliare of Latin to read the mafs, and received holy orders, having been fanclified by th^ impofition of doctor Beilew's hands. One of the crimes charged againfl Jeroboam was, " That he made of the loweft of the people priefts of the high places : Whofoever would, he confecrated him, and he became one of the priefts of the high places. And this became fni unto the houfe of Jeroboam, even to cut it off, and to deftroy it from oif the face of the earth." *
The fame practice prevails among the Roman catholick bifhops of Ireland, as they commonly recruit from the loweft clafs of the people, to fill the vacancies in the ecclefiaftical ranks ; and when fuch perfons are feleded to preach the gofpel, it is not furprifmg that vice and immorality are fo prevalent, or that the popifh clergy are found at the bottom of plots and confpiracies, and that many of them arc the moft adive incendiaries, and foremoft in the ranks of rebellion.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 87

As the companion tells it

Castlecomer was the parish of Father Owen Cowley. He was the son of a poor peasant who lived in this parish, in the county of Sligo, within about four miles of Ballina. At a hedge-school he acquired enough Latin to read the Mass. He received holy orders, having been consecrated by the imposition of Doctor Beilew's hands. The book this comes from sets a passage of scripture beside his story. Of Jeroboam it says, "he made of the lowest of the people priests of the high places: whosoever would, he consecrated him, and he became one of the priests of the high places." The author says the same practice prevails among the Roman Catholic bishops of Ireland, who commonly recruit from the lowest class of the people to fill vacancies in the ecclesiastical ranks. He writes that when such persons are selected to preach the gospel, it is not surprising that vice and immorality are so prevalent, or that the popish clergy are found at the bottom of plots and conspiracies, and that many of them are the most active incendiaries and foremost in the ranks of rebellion.

French officer escapes capture at Ballina, Irish flee at Crossmolina

Crossmolina · town · Mayo · 1798

A French officer, True, and Henry O'Keon arrived from Ballina where True had been commandant and narrowly escaped capture; he abused his Irish allies for having fled at Crossmolina without a fight.

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True, the French officer, and Flenry O'Keon, arrived from Ballina, where the former had been commandant, and where he had a narrow efcape of being taken prifoner by one of our officers. He abufed, in the grolTefl manner, his alHes, the Irifli, for having fled at Croffinalina, v.ithout llriking a ftroke.
By a preconcerted plan it vvas agreed between o;eneral French and lord Pcrtarlington, that they Ihould attack Killala at the fame time ; the former approaching it on the fouth, the latter on the northeait fide. His lordffiip marched from SHgo on the twenty-firll of September, with his own, the Queen's

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 109

As the companion tells it

This is Crossmolina. In 1798, a French officer named True arrived here with Henry O'Keon. True had been commandant at Ballina, where he narrowly escaped being taken prisoner by one of the officers. He abused his Irish allies in the grossest manner for having fled at Crossmolina without striking a stroke. By a preconcerted plan, General French and Lord Portarlington agreed to attack Killala at the same time, the former approaching from the south, the latter from the northeast. His lordship marched from Sligo on the 21st of September with his own regiment, the Queen's.

General Lake headquartered at Enniscorthy issues rebuff to rebel surrender terms

Enniscorthy · townland · Wexford · 1798

General Lake, writing from Enniscorthy on 22 June 1798, refused to negotiate terms with rebels in arms, promising pardon only to those who surrendered their leaders and arms and returned to allegiance.

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" Lieutenant-general Lake cannot attend to any terms offered by rebels in arms againft their fovereign ; while they fo remain, he muft ufe the force entruited to hirn, with the utmofh energy, for their deftrudion.
To the deluded multitude, he promifes pardon, on their delivering into his hands their leaders, fur- 5'endering their arms, and returning with fmcerity to their allegiance.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Enniscorthy, in 1798, General Lake issued a blunt refusal to rebels seeking terms. He wrote that he could not attend to any terms offered by rebels in arms against their sovereign, and must use force for their destruction. He promised pardon only to those who delivered their leaders, surrendered their arms, and returned to their allegiance.

General Lake's plan to attack Vinegar Hill

near Vinegar Hill · hill or hills · Wexford · 1798

General Lake devised his plan for attacking the rebel position at Vinegar Hill, a key engagement of the rebellion.

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Lake^ general, his plan for attacking Vinegar-hill, ii. i.— Goes to command the army in Connaught againil the French, ii. i/o— - General, his humane proclamation on entering Wexford, ii. 449,
Lar.gr ifne^ fir Hercules, his aniniadverfions on the improper conduct of the Roman catholicks in 1792, i. 99.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 195

As the companion tells it

As you come near Vinegar Hill in Wexford, this was the rebel position General Lake planned to attack in 1798. Lake later went to command the army in Connaught against the French, and issued a proclamation on entering Wexford.

Government forces bivouac at Solsborough before Vinegar Hill assault

Solsborough · townland · Wexford · 1798

Lieutenant-generals Lake and Dundas, major-general Wilford and a large body of cavalry and light infantry spent the night of 20 June at Solsborough, the seat of Mr. Richards, within two miles of Vinegar-hill, before the final assault.

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Lieutenant-generals Lake and Dundas, and majorgeneral Wilford, with their ftaft, and the firft brigade of light infantry under the command of colonel Campbell, remained all the night of the twentieth of June upon their arms, at Solfborough, * with a large body of cavalry, within two miles of Vine*gar-hill. About one o'clock in the morning, general Johnfon reported his arrival on the other fide of the Sianey, near Emiifcorthy. General Needham's column lay about half a mile off, on the left of general Lake's army, whither he had marched from, Oulart by general Lake's orders. General Duff, v/ith his guns, advanced on the Ferns road, on the eaft fide of • the Slaney, t having that river on his right flank, and firing on the rebel lines on the hills, and throwing howitzers into them as he advanced. In this movement he was fupported on each fiank by the light infantry, under the command of general I^oftus.
When they had arrived at the beginning of the accent of Vinegar-hill, general Loftus was detached by general Duff to occupy a green hill in a park enclofed with ftone walls, which was on the fide, and compofed a part of Vinegar-hill. | General Loftilis furprifed the rebels by the' celerity of this oovem.ent, becaufe the hill was fleep y and the ground which he occupied there was divided by ftone walls ; but by breaking open gaps, he had two guns carried over at firft, and foon after four more, by having untackled them from the horfes. From this pofition he was able to fire into the lower line of the enemy, rather on his left, with fuch eifeQ:, that eighty-five of them were afterwards found in their trenches killed with grape-lliot. General Loftus made his m^ovement by a narrov>' road on the left, diverging from the main one, and then rapidly afcended the hilL At the fame time, generals Lake, Dundas and Wilford, with colonel Campbell's light infantry, were advancing up the hill II on the fouth-eaft fjde, and were firmly oppofed by the rebels, who maintained a very brifk

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 5

As the companion tells it

Close to Solsborough, government forces spent the night of 20 June 1798 before their assault on Vinegar Hill. Lieutenant-generals Lake and Dundas, major-general Wilford, and their staff, with the first brigade of light infantry under Colonel Campbell, remained all night upon their arms, with a large body of cavalry, within two miles of Vinegar Hill. About one o'clock in the morning, General Johnson reported his arrival on the other side of the Slaney, near Enniscorthy. General Needham's column lay about half a mile off on the left of General Lake's army, having marched from Oulart by Lake's orders. General Duff, with his guns, advanced on the Ferns road on the east side of the Slaney, with that river on his right flank, firing on the rebel lines on the hills and throwing howitzers into them as he advanced. He was supported on each flank by the light infantry under General Loftus. When they reached the beginning of the ascent of Vinegar Hill, General Loftus was detached by General Duff to occupy a green hill in a park enclosed with stone walls, which was on the side of Vinegar Hill. Loftus surprised the rebels by the speed of the movement, though the hill was steep and the ground divided by stone walls. By breaking open gaps, he had two guns carried over first, and soon after four more, untackled from the horses. From this position he fired into the lower line of the enemy, rather on his left, with such effect that 85 of them were afterwards found in their trenches killed with grape-shot. At the same time, Lake, Dundas and Wilford, with Campbell's light infantry, were advancing up the hill on the south-east side, firmly opposed by the rebels, who maintained a very brisk fire.

Kilmainham grand jury thanks magistrates for suppressing riots

Kilmainham · townland · Dublin · 1767

The grand jury of County Dublin, sitting at the assizes held at Kilmainham in 1767, publicly thanked the Earl of Carrick, Sir Thomas Maude, Dr Hewetson and others for their efforts against the whiteboy insurrections in the south of the kingdom.

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fpirlt exerted by thofe magiftrates, that this kingdom was not a fcene of tumult and riot at this day, the confequences of which ought to be dreaded by every lover of his country : For thefc rcafons, we, therefore, return our hearty thanks to the right honourable the earl of Carrick, fir Thomas Maude, baronet, the reverend do£lor Hewetfon, William Bagwell, efquire, and John Bagnall, efquire, for their zealous endeavours to bring thofe delinquents to the punifliment they deferved, and for their unwearied pains to fupport the laws of their country.
Richard Anderfon, foreman^ Richard Jones, James Keating, Daniel Bullen, Anthony Murphy, Robert Beafley, Francis Cunningham, John Dawfon, John Allen, William Hickey, Thomas Kennan, William Siflon,

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 127

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, in 1767, the grand jury of County Dublin sat at the assizes and passed a resolution of thanks. This was for efforts against the whiteboy insurrections in the south of the kingdom. They declared that through the efforts of those magistrates, the kingdom was not "a scene of tumult and riot." They returned their hearty thanks to the Earl of Carrick, Sir Thomas Maude, Doctor Hewetson, William Bagwell, and John Bagnall, for their zealous endeavours to bring those delinquents to the punishment they deserved, and for their unwearied pains to support the laws of their country. Richard Anderson was foreman.

Massacres concentrated near Carrickbyrne, Enniscorthy and Gorey

Carrickbyrne · electoral division · Wexford · 1798

Wherever rebels were encamped and controlled the countryside they massacred Protestants for miles around, as demonstrated by atrocities perpetrated in the vicinity of Carrickbyrne, Enniscorthy, and Gorey.

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In the courfe of the rebellion, fome parifhes were more cruel and fanguinary than others. Wherever the rebels happened to be encamped and to have the country at their devotion, they maifacred protellants for fome miles round them ; which is fully proved by the atrocities perpetrated by them in the vicinity of Carrickbyrne, Ehnifcorthy, and Gorey.
In the parifhes of Killan, RolTdroir, Clomnore, i^-damftownj and Newbawn, no proteflant was fpared,

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 35

As the companion tells it

This is the electoral division of Carrickbyrne, in County Wexford. In 1798, during the rebellion, some parishes were more cruel than others. Wherever rebels were encamped and held the countryside, they massacred Protestants for miles around. The book records this as fully proved by the atrocities near Carrickbyrne, Enniscorthy, and Gorey. In the parishes of Killan, Rossdorr, Clonmore, Adamstown, and Newbawn, no Protestant was spared.

Military Severities in Kildare Sparked Premature Rebellion

Kildare · town · Kildare · 1798

It was universally allowed that military severities practiced in the county of Kildare caused a premature explosion of the plot, which the directory had intended to defer until the French landed. Mr. Emmet testified under oath that these severities prevented a general and formidable insurrection throughout the country.

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It has been, univerfally allowed, that the military feverities pra61:ifed in the county of Kildarc pccaGoned a premature expiofion of the plot, v/hich the diredlory intended to have deferred, till the French effe£l:ed a landing ; and one of them, Mr. Emmett, declared, in his evidence upon oath^ before the fecret committee of the lords, that, but for the falutary efFedls of thofe military feverities, there would have been a very general and formidable infarreftion in everj'' part of the country.*
No. xxni.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 182

As the companion tells it

Kildare town, 1798. It was universally allowed that military severities practiced in this county caused a premature explosion of the plot, which the directory intended to have deferred until the French effected a landing. Mr. Emmet declared in his evidence upon oath before the secret committee of the lords that but for the salutary effects of those military severities, there would have been a very general and formidable insurrection in every part of the country.

Oath sworn at Dungarvan to support French convention

Dungarvan · townland · Waterford · 1797

William Flynn swore that around 8 August 1797, Maurice Power, attended by other United Irishmen, swore him in the town of Dungarvan to be true to the French convention, reading the oath from a paper.

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William Flynn fwore an information dated the fecond day of January, 1798, before Michael Keane, efquire, a magillratc of the county of Waterford, that about the eighth day of Auguft, 1797, Maurice Power, attended by other United Irifhmen, fwore him in the town of Dungarvan, to be true to the French convention, his God, and his brothers, which words he read out of a paper.
Michael HefFernan fwore an information before Henry St. George Cole, efquire, the twenty-feventh January, 1798, that about the night of the feventh of November preceding, Thomas Quealy and others went to the houfe of Michael Morrifly of Ballykarroge, broke his windows, dragged him out of hi^ houfe, and fwore him to be true to the French convention, and extorted money from him ; that fome time in faid month, the faid Thomas Quealy held a meeting near Cuflicam, of feven or eight hundred United Irifhmen* for the purpofe of going to Dungarvan, to take cannon out of the Vulture privateer, with a view of levelling the marquis of Waterford's houfe at Curraghmore, and of murdering colonel Uniacke, captain Cole, and others.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Dungarvan, an oath was sworn in the summer of 1797. William Flynn gave information dated the second of January, 1798, before Michael Keane, a magistrate of the county of Waterford. He said that about the eighth of August, Maurice Power, attended by other United Irishmen, swore him in the town to be true to the French convention, his God, and his brothers. Power read the words from a paper. Later that year, further plans formed around the place. Michael Heffernan gave information before Henry St. George Cole on the twenty-seventh of January, 1798. He said Thomas Quealy held a meeting near Cuslicam of seven or eight hundred United Irishmen, intending to come to the town and take cannon from the Vulture privateer. Their aim was to level the marquis of Waterford's house at Curraghmore and murder colonel Uniacke, captain Cole, and others.

Ordnance captured from rebels on Vinegar Hill

near Vinegar Hill · hill or hills · Wexford · 1798

After the battle, a return was made of the ordnance captured from the rebels on Vinegar Hill on 21 June 1798, including cannons and howitzers, some of which had originally been taken from crown forces on 4 June.

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Return of ordnance taken from the rebels on Vi7iega)'-hVll^ 2iji June, 1798.
3 Six-pounders, brafs. I Three-pounder. 7 OnC'pounders. I 51 Inch howitzer, I 4 1 Inch howitzer,

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 176

As the companion tells it

As you pass Vinegar Hill, that rising ground outside Enniscorthy, this is where crown forces overran the rebel camp on 21 June 1798. Afterward they drew up a return of the ordnance captured there, cannons and howitzers the rebels had seized from the crown earlier that month, on 4 June, and then lost again on this hill.

Plunder of Mr Mulhallow's house

Muine Bheag (Bagenalstown) · town · Carlow · 1797

In their retreat from Bagenal's house, the rebels plundered and shattered the house of Mr Mulhallow, beating and insulting him cruelly and ferociously.

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In their retreat, they plundered and fhattered the houfe of : Mr. Mulhallow, and beat and infultcd him in the moft cruel and ferocious manner.
From that time they never ceafed to plunder houfes of arms, and other valuable articles, avoiding the patroles of Mr. Robert Rochfort, of Clongrennan, and of Mr. Cornwall, of Myfliall-lod^e, who, much to their honour, aever ceafed

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 135

As the companion tells it

Muine Bheag, then called Bagenalstown. In 1797, retreating rebels plundered and shattered the house of Mr Mulhallow, and beat and insulted him in the most cruel and ferocious manner. After that they never ceased to plunder houses for arms and other valuables, avoiding the patrols of Mr Robert Rochfort of Clongrennan and of Mr Cornwall of Myshall Lodge.

Rebel attack on Newtownards market-house

near Newtownards · town · Down · 1798

After retreating toward Newtownards, rebels attacked a small garrison of invalids and old men posted in the market-house guarding baggage and ammunition; the garrison repulsed them but later evacuated to Belfast fearing a larger assault.

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The rebels having retreated towards Neu townard^ attacked, next day, a fmall party, confifling mofiily of invaUds and old men, who were polled in the
market-

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 66

As the companion tells it

Newtownards is the town along the road. In 1798, rebels retreating toward the town attacked a small party of invalids and old men posted in the market-house, guarding baggage and ammunition. The garrison repulsed them. Fearing a larger assault, they later evacuated to Belfast.

Rebel depredations on Protestants near Ballina

Ballina · townland · Mayo · 1798

Despite the appointed guards, shocking depredations continued to be committed on the houses of Protestants in the country adjacent to Ballina by the very rebel guards appointed to protect them.

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About twenty men mounted guard in the caille, Avhich was confidered as the head quarters of the allied army. This inflitution afforded in fome degree peace and protection to the town ; but the mod fhocking depredations continued to be committed on the houfes of proteftants in all the adjacent country, by thofe very rebel guards w^ho had been appointed to „proteQ: them.
This is not furprifmg, as the rebels were elate on the arrival of the French, with the hope of being allowed to indulge their fanguinary rage againft proteflants, and to plunder their property with impunity ; and they were much vexed and difappointed when it was given out in publick orders, that any depredations committed on private property fhould be punifhed with death ; and the rebel leaders fubmitted to fuch orders with the utmoft reludlance, for they were in many inftances Httle better in point of moral character than the femi-barbarous rabble whom they headed.

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 86

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, in 1798, about twenty men mounted guard in the woods, which served as the headquarters of the allied army. This gave some degree of peace and protection to the town. But shocking depredations continued to be committed on the houses of Protestants in all the adjacent country, by those very rebel guards who had been appointed to protect them. The rebels were elated on the arrival of the French, with the hope of being allowed to indulge their rage against Protestants and to plunder their property with impunity. They were much vexed and disappointed when it was given out in public orders that any depredations committed on private property should be punished with death. The rebel leaders submitted to such orders with the utmost reluctance, for they were in many instances little better in point of moral character than the rabble they headed.

Rebel magistrates sitting at Taghmon

Taghmon · town · Wexford · 1798

Deponent was sent to Taghmon where the sitting rebel magistrates John Breen, James Harpur, Joseph Cullomore and Matthew Commons ruled he might return home with a priest's pass, illustrating the great influence of the priests.

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That Bagenal Haryey ordered the faid Murphy to take the two prifoners to his lodging at CoUopfwell, where he had given a pafs to Loftus Frizzcl, but refufed to give one to examinant, for fear he would come and report what he had feen and heard at Duncannon Fort ; that deponent heard and believes it to be a fa6l that faid Cornelius Grogan * had the command of the Barony Forth rebel t^^oops at the battle of Rofs 5 that deponent was taken to Foulkes's mills that night, where he continued for two days under a guard, drefTmg the wounded •, that he was afterwards conveyed to Ballymitty, where he obtained a pafs from Edward Murphy of faid place, to pafs and repafs' through his diftri£l for the purpofe of curing the wounded. That he was fent to Taghmon, where the fitting rebel ma- ^iRrates, John Breen, James Harpur, Jofeph Cullomore, und Pvlatthew Commons, were of opinion, that he might with the prieft's pafs have gone back again and remain there ',-f that he ftrolled along the fea-fide, till at laft he effeGcd his efcape acrofs the ferry of Bannow to Feathard, on Friday the twenty-fecond inftant, and from thence to Puncannon Fort this morning j that he often heard it report-
ed,

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 162

As the companion tells it

The town of Taghmon, in 1798, became a place where rebel magistrates held court. A deponent, whose name the record does not give, was sent there after being captured during the rebellion. Bagenal Harvey had ordered a man named Murphy to take two prisoners to his lodging at Collopwell. Harvey gave a pass to Loftus Frizell but refused one to the deponent, fearing he would report what he had seen and heard at Duncannon Fort. The deponent was taken to Foulkes's mills, where for two days under guard he dressed the wounded. He was then conveyed to Ballymitty, where Edward Murphy gave him a pass to go through his district for the purpose of curing the wounded. From there he was sent to Taghmon, where the sitting rebel magistrates John Breen, James Harpur, Joseph Cullimore and Matthew Commons were of opinion that he might, with the priest's pass, have gone back again and remained there. The record notes this as showing the great influence of the priests. The deponent strolled along the sea-side until he effected his escape across the ferry of Bannow to Feathard on Friday the twenty-second, and from there to Duncannon Fort.

Rebels attempt to sink prison-ship boat under Wexford bridge

Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

As Mr. Solomon Richards passed under the high bridge in a boat en route to lord Kingsborough, rebels attempted to sink it by darting their pikes through it, but were prevented by Scallion.

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When lord Kingfborough was invefted with thie command of it, he fent a note to Scallion,* who was im board the prifon-fhip, to defire he w^ould bring Mr. Solomon Richards of Soliborough to him, as he^ wanted his advice and afTiflance, in the critical fituation in which he then flood. The rebels attempted to fmk the boat in which he went, as he paffed under
the

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 20

As the companion tells it

Wexford holds a story from 1798. Lord Kingsborough sent a note to Scallion aboard the prison-ship, asking him to bring Mr. Solomon Richards of Soliborough for his advice and assistance in the critical situation. Richards set off in a boat. As he passed under the high bridge, rebels tried to sink it, darting their pikes through it. Scallion stopped them.

Rebels raid Valentine Lannagan's house at Charlestown

Charlestown · townland · Kilkenny · 1798

By court martial evidence, Walter Power, Richard Connolly and James Hynes went with other rebels to the house of Mr. Valentine Lannagan of Charlestown and took his firearms and ammunition.

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By two court martials held at Waterford, one on the fourteenth of June, the other the twenty-third of July, 1798, it was proved that Walter Power, Richard Connolly, and James Hynes, went to the houfe of Mr.Valentine Lannagan, of Charleftown, with fome other rebels, and took his firearms and ammunition j and that the faid V. Lannagan heard the prifoners fay in converfation, on the feventh of June, that, if it were not for the cannon, they would have cut on the Rofcommon regiment, which marched the day before from Waterford to Rofs, as two thoufand LTnited Irifirmen had aflembled at Glanmore, on the fixth of June, for that purpofe.
Confpiracy

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, rebels raided the house of Valentine Lannagan in 1798. By two court martials held at Waterford, one on the 14th of June and the other on the 23rd of July, it was proved that Walter Power, Richard Connolly, and James Hynes went to Lannagan's house with some other rebels and took his firearms and ammunition. Lannagan himself heard the prisoners say in conversation on the 7th of June that if it were not for the cannon, they would have cut on the Roscommon regiment, which had marched the day before from Waterford to Ross. Two thousand United Irishmen had assembled at Glanmore on the 6th of June for that purpose.

Rev. Nicholas Browne's mission to convert Irish speakers near Enniskillen

near Enniskillen · town · Fermanagh · 1702–1711

In 1702 the Reverend Nicholas Browne, rector of parishes in the diocese of Clogher, applied himself to converting the Irish through preaching in their own language; the protestant inhabitants of Enniskillen publicly attested to his success in 1711 after his death.

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In the year 1702, the reverend Nicholas Browne, rector of the parifhes of Donacary, Uromore, and Rofarry, in the dioccfe of Clogher, ^ipplied himiclf with great zeal to the converfion of the Iriili, and he WaS well qualified for that purpofe, as he was perfect maftcr of the language, and had a happy faculty of expreiling terms of divinity in it. The pravoit, burgeffes, and other proteftant inhabitants of Enniilvillen, gave a publick atteitation of the fuccefs of his laudable exertions in the year 171 1, after his deceafe.
On March 3d, 1703, the following refolution was fent from the lower to the upper houfe of convocation ;

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 182

As the companion tells it

Around Enniskillen, there is a story from the early 1700s. In 1702 the Reverend Nicholas Browne, rector of Donacary, Uromore, and Rosarry in the diocese of Clogher, set himself to converting the Irish by preaching in their own language. He was a perfect master of that language, and had a happy faculty of expressing terms of divinity in it. The provost, burgesses, and other Protestant inhabitants of Enniskillen gave a public attestation of the success of his laudable exertions in 1711, after his decease.

Sheares Brothers Organize Rebellion in Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1798

Informants revealed that the Sheares brothers traveled from Dublin to Cork for the purpose of organizing the country for rebellion, and that they had returns of men, money, and arms.

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They alfo made known for what purpofe the Sheares'stame from Dublin to Cork, viz. to organize the country ; and they hkewife gave information of their having returns of men, money, and arms. The truth of the above-recited difcoveries, and of their importance to government, have been fully afcertained, and can be authenticated by the mayor and fheriffs of the faid city of Cork. The
above-recited information we received from , with

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

Cork, in 1798. Informants made known why the Sheares brothers came from Dublin to this city: to organize the country for rebellion. They gave information that the brothers had returns of men, money, and arms. These discoveries were fully ascertained and authenticated by the mayor and sheriffs of Cork, and deemed of importance to government.

Father Michael Murphy killed at Arklow

Arklow · town · Wicklow · 1798

Father Michael Murphy, priest of Ballycanew and a rebel general, was killed at the battle of Arklow.

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Murphy^ father John, a prieft, rifes at Boulavogue, in the countr of Wexford, with a murderous banditti, and defolates many parifhes, i. 403— His retreat by the Scullagh-gap, in the county of Kilkenny, ii. 73— Father Michael, a prieft of Ballycanew, a rebel general, his origin, i. 417 — Killed at Arklow, i. 544 — Father Edward, prieft of Bannow, his condud, i. 5^.^'
Mvtinj, in the 4th light brigade at Fern^; ii,64'

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 195

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Arklow, this is where Father Michael Murphy was killed in 1798. He was a priest of Ballycanew and served as a rebel general. He died at the battle of Arklow.

French abandon cannon near Ballintra during hard pursuit

Ballintra · town · Donegal · 1798

General Lake, pursuing the French closely after crossing the river at Ballintra where the bridge had been repaired, forced the enemy, hard pressed, to abandon two pieces of cannon on the road about a mile from that point.

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Between Drumlhambo and Carrigan, he received orders from lord Cornwaflis at nine o'clock, to march at that hour for Cloone. He crolTed the river at Ballintra, where the bridge was repaired. The enemy were fo hard preffed in the purfuit, that they left two pieces of cannon on the road, about a mile
from

Internet Archive memoirsofdiffere02musg, Chapter 105

As the companion tells it

Between Drumlhambo and Carrigan, General Lake received orders from Lord Cornwallis at nine o'clock to march for Cloone. He crossed the river at Ballintra, where the bridge had been repaired. The French were so hard pressed in the pursuit that they abandoned two pieces of cannon on the road, about a mile from the crossing.

Memoirs of the different rebellions in Ireland, from the arrival of the English : also, a particular detail of that which broke out the XXIIId of May, MDCCXCVIII : with the history of the conspiracy which preceded it (vol. 2)

The stories, best first

Cork conspiracy organized into military-style divisions

Description of Antrim town's main street, market-house and Massareene's garden wall

Doctor Macartney escapes across the lake to Tyrone to alert General Knox at Dungannon

Edmond Quin's trial reveals confidence rebels would take Waterford

Father Corrin refuses to free Mr Lett, a brewer of Enniscorthy, from Wexford gaol

French Detachment Repulsed at Ballina

Lake sights the French rear near Cloone

Lieutenant Hunt wounded fighting rebels at Enniscorthy

List of rebel leaders found at Governor Keugh's house

Loyal Protestants overawe rebels in Roscrea

Magistrate Thomas Ryan wounded near his home in Kildare

Massacre on Vinegar Hill

Meeting at Ballina to administer loyalty oaths, June 1798

Meeting at Nenagh proposes Catholic-Protestant peace oath

Nocturnal whiteboy meetings near Callan, Kilkenny

O'Doude family burial place at Moyne Abbey with gigantic bones

Plan to attack Dublin Castle from Ship Street

Plot to Murder High Sheriff Robert Harding in Cork

Popish Convention Assembles in Back-Lane, Dublin

Popish musicians refuse to play in Athy church

Rebel pikemen captains commissioned at Ballina

Rebels break down Toome bridge

Rebels deterred near Belturbet by armed Protestants

Rebels hanged at Rathfarnham for treacherous ambush

Rebels surrender pikes to Captain Swayne at Prosperous

Rutland town built for herring fishery, later neglected

Soldiers killed in Defender attack at Athboy

Two rebel leaders hanged at Edenderry

Whipping Traitors Preserved Dublin from Carnage

Widows threatened in the streets of Tintern

William Orr hanged at Carrickfergus

Abraham Chritchley of Ballyboy repels rebel attack

Battle of Ballyraheen and killing of loyalists

Cold-blooded killings at Coolkenno town

Cornwallis crosses the Shannon at Carrick to intercept the French

County Tipperary proclaimed at Cashel

Defender extortion at Parsonstown

Defenders assault Tyrone militia at Tuam

Donard vicar's house and property destroyed

Faslaghdineen cavalrymen jailed as suspected rebels

Father Owen Cowley, priest near Ballina from Castlecomer parish

French officer escapes capture at Ballina, Irish flee at Crossmolina

General Lake headquartered at Enniscorthy issues rebuff to rebel surrender terms

General Lake's plan to attack Vinegar Hill

Government forces bivouac at Solsborough before Vinegar Hill assault

Kilmainham grand jury thanks magistrates for suppressing riots

Massacres concentrated near Carrickbyrne, Enniscorthy and Gorey

Military Severities in Kildare Sparked Premature Rebellion

Oath sworn at Dungarvan to support French convention

Ordnance captured from rebels on Vinegar Hill

Plunder of Mr Mulhallow's house

Rebel attack on Newtownards market-house

Rebel depredations on Protestants near Ballina

Rebel magistrates sitting at Taghmon

Rebels attempt to sink prison-ship boat under Wexford bridge

Rebels raid Valentine Lannagan's house at Charlestown

Rev. Nicholas Browne's mission to convert Irish speakers near Enniskillen

Sheares Brothers Organize Rebellion in Cork

Father Michael Murphy killed at Arklow

French abandon cannon near Ballintra during hard pursuit