The neighborhood of Dublin : its topography, antiquities and historical associations

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Drowning of Arthur Usher in the Dodder

   Rathfarnham · townland · Dublin · 1628

   Boate's account states that Mr. John Usher, father of Sir William Usher, was carried away by the current of the Rathfarnham water (the Dodder) and drowned, with nobody able to help him despite many friends being present. The author notes this is likely a confusion with Arthur Usher of Donnybrook, who drowned in the Dodder on 2nd March 1628.

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   " of their corn, whereunto the windmills are very little used in " Ireland, because they have the conveniency, through the great " number of brooks, to erect watermills in every quarter where " it is necessary : which bring a great profit to the owners " being kept and maintained with less cost and labour. . . . " Of these dangerous brooks there are two hard by Dublin, " both running into the haven somewhat more than a mile " from the city — the one at north side thereof, a little below " the village Drumcondra, which is seated upon the highway " from Dublin to Drogheda ; and the other at the south side, " close by the Rings-end. This, called Rathfarnum water " [the Dodder], of the village by which it passeth two miles " from the sea and the same distance from Dublin, is far the " worst of the two, as taking its beginning out of those great " mountains southwards from Dublin, from whence after any " great rain, such abundance of water is descending to it that " the same, which at other times is of very little depth, groweth " thereby so deep, and exceeding violent that many persons " have lost their lives therein. Amongst others Mr. John " Usher, father to Sir William Usher that now is, who was " carried away by the current, nobody being able to succour *' him, although many persons, and of his nearest friends, both " a-foot and horseback, were by on both the sides.

   " To go from Dublin to Rathfarnum, one passeth this river " upon a wooden bridge ; the which although it be high and " strong, nevertheless hath several times been quite broke, " and carried away through the violence of sudden floods ; " although at other times, and w^hen that brook doth only " carry its ordinary water, a child of five years may easily and " without danger wade through it ; and a tall man on horseback " riding underneath it [the bridge] not being able to reach it. " In the great floods the water many times riseth so high as that " it doth not only touch, but floweth quite over the bridge."

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 56

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere around here, the Dodder runs, called the Rathfarnham water in older accounts. It comes down from the mountains south of Dublin, and in dry weather it is nothing. A child of five could wade through it. A tall man on horseback could ride beneath the wooden bridge that spans it and not reach the bridge above. But after heavy rain, the water pours off those mountains in such abundance that this same shallow stream turns deep and violent. The bridge, though high and strong, has been broken and carried away several times by sudden floods. In the worst floods, the water does not merely touch the bridge but flows clean over it. Many people have lost their lives in this river. Among them, according to Boate's account, was Mr. John Usher, father to Sir William Usher. He was carried away by the current, and nobody could succour him, though many of his nearest friends were nearby, on foot and on horseback, on both sides of the water. The author of a later book notes that this is likely a confusion with Arthur Usher of Donnybrook, who drowned in the Dodder on the 2nd of March, 1628. Whether it was John or Arthur, the river took him, and his friends could do nothing.

2. Dunboyne ordered to aid defence of Trim, 1423

   Dunboyne · town · Meath · 1423

   A writ dated 28 July 1423 during the reign of Henry VI ordered the Portreeve and Commons of Dunboyne, with the able men of their bailiwick, to proceed to Trim to aid in its defence.

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   1423, ordering the Portreeve and Commons of the town of Dunboyne with the able men of their bailiewick to proceed to Trim and aid in its defence. In 1534 the village was sacked and burnt by Silken Thomas immediately before the siege of Maynooth Castle, and in 1798 it suffered considerable damage, the church and many of the houses being burnt. Turning to the left at the end of the village, we keep straight ahead for about two miles, where we again turn to the left, and after a mile and a half, once more turning to the left, we meet a road on the right crossing the Midland Railway and leading into

   426 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 182

   As the companion tells it

   As you pass through Dunboyne here in Meath, the town carries an old military duty in its past. In 1423, during the reign of Henry VI, a writ ordered the Portreeve and Commons of Dunboyne, along with the able men of their bailiwick, to proceed to Trim and aid in its defence. Later calamities followed the town as well. In 1534 Silken Thomas sacked and burnt the village, immediately before his siege of Maynooth Castle. And in 1798 it suffered considerable damage, the church and many of the houses being burnt.

3. Failed Cloghleagh iron mine venture

   Cloghleagh · townland · Wicklow

   A stone house was built as residence for the manager of the Cloghleagh iron mine about fifty years before writing, but no earnest attempt was made to work the mine successfully, and machinery obtained from England was never assembled.

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   Descending again to the road, which, it ma-\' be mentioned, is 1,602 feet over sea level at this point, we continue our journey now down hill, over a rather rough surface, to the Camp, a little over a mile distant, where the road crosses the head waters of the Shankill river. About half a mile further on, we turn to the right by the road leading to Ballinascorney, again crossing the river by a bridge on the site of the old Shankill ford. If, however, the excursionist is on foot, or if he is not afraid of taking his bicycle along a rather rough track through the heather, it will be ^\•ell worth while to diverge from the road on the left, by the pathway which crosses the river, and leads to the Cloghleagh iron mine. The high mountains, Gravale, Mullaghcleevaun, and Moanbane present an imposing appearance from this point, traces of snow often rem.aining on their summits as late as mid-summer. Keepmg to the pathway, we presently reach a curious-looking stone house, which was erected as a residence for the manager of the iron mine some fifty years ago. It would seem that no earnest attempt was ever made to work this undertaking to a successful issue, as the great stone segments of the crushing wheel, now lying beside the river, and other machinery obtained from England, were never put together, so that the whole concern was a failure from the

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 72

   As the companion tells it

   Close to Cloghleagh, somewhere around here, there was an iron mine that never came to anything. A curious-looking stone house still stands, built about fifty years ago as a residence for the manager of the mine. But it seems no earnest attempt was ever made to work the undertaking to a successful issue. Great stone segments of a crushing wheel now lie beside the river, and other machinery obtained from England was never put together. The whole concern was a failure from the start. The mountains around this spot, Gravale, Mullaghcleevaun, and Moanbane, present an imposing appearance, the book tells us, with traces of snow often remaining on their summits as late as mid-summer. The pathway to the mine crosses the river, leading through the heather past that stone house. The road itself sits over sixteen hundred feet above sea level at this point. Everything was brought here, the machinery shipped from England, the house raised for a manager who would oversee the work, and then none of it was assembled. The crushing wheel lies in pieces where it was left, beside the water, and the mine never produced what was promised.

4. Geoghegan's verses on ruined Rathgar Castle

   near Rathgar · townland · Dublin

   The poet Geoghegan, author of The Monks of Kilcrea, described the ruined state of Rathgar Castle in verse, depicting broken walls, wild grass, ivy, and desolation.

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   *' Rathgar, upon thy broken wall, Now grows the lusmore rank and tall— - Wild grass upon thy hearthstone springs, And ivy round thy turret clings ; The night-owls through thy arches sweep, Thy moat dried up, thy towers a heap, Blackened, and charr'd and desolate — The traveller marvels at thy fate ! "

   5) 11

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 84

   As the companion tells it

   Close to Rathgar, a poet named Geoghegan, who wrote The Monks of Kilcrea, once described a ruined castle here in verse. The record gives almost nothing else — just that the verses existed.

5. Goatstown's goat breed and sanative beverage houses

   near Goatstown · population centre · Dublin

   Goatstown, near Dundrum, was known for its special breed of goats, and some houses which once accommodated visitors who came to drink the 'sanative beverage' (goat's milk whey) still survive.

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   Not far from Dundrum is Goatstown, which claimed a special excellence for its breed of goats, and where still may be seen some of the houses which accommodated the visitors who resorted thither to drink the " sanative beverage."

   Near the southern end of the village of Dundrum, within private grounds, and almost entirely concealed by trees from the eye of the wayfarer, is the ancient castle of Dundrum, believed to have been erected by one of the Fitzwilliam family, \\\\o came into possession of these lands towards the close of the 13th century. The ruin is kept in excellent order, and is almost covered with ivy.

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 81

   As the companion tells it

   You're coming through Goatstown, not far from Dundrum. This place was known for a special breed of goats, and people used to come here to drink what they called the "sanative beverage" — goat's milk whey. Some of the houses that accommodated those visitors can still be seen today.

6. John Dunton's 1699 description of Finglas and its sea view

   Finglas · parish · Dublin · 1699

   John Dunton, the eccentric Dublin bookseller, described Finglas in his 1699 work The Dublin Scuffle as a fine town on a hill with a noble prospect of the sea and the ships in Dublin harbour.

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   John Dunton, the eccentric Dublin bookseller, in The Dublin Scuffle (i6gg) refers to " the fine town of Finglas, seated " on a hill, where I had a noble prospect of the sea and of " all the ships in the harbour of Dublin.

   " All other times I would walk through the green meadows " from the end of Stoneybatter to the Kabragh, which is a " village about a mile from my lodging, full of stately trees, " which give a pleasant shade and delightful prospect. From " thence as I came back I had the sea and harbour directly " in my view."

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 122

   As the companion tells it

   In 1699, the Dublin bookseller John Dunton wrote of Finglas as a fine town seated on a hill, where he had, in his words, a noble prospect of the sea and of all the ships in the harbour of Dublin. He was an eccentric man, but he knew what he saw. Dunton would also walk through green meadows from the end of Stoneybatter to Kabragh, a village about a mile from his lodging, full of stately trees that gave a pleasant shade and a delightful prospect. Coming back, he had the sea and harbour directly in his view.

7. Kingstown view from Duncan's 1821 map showing Martello tower and old lighthouse

   Kingstown · townland · Dublin · 1821

   Duncan's 1821 map title scroll includes a view of Kingstown and the Bay from near Martello Avenue, showing a Martello tower on rising ground, open country to Kingstown, and the old squat Poolbeg Lighthouse in the distance, along with the Royal Hotel under construction.

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   The principal object in this view is a Martello tower which stood on the rising ground at Martello Avenue. An enclosure with low walls adjoins the tower, and in the immediate foreground is a pool with some rocks beside it. Open country extends from the tower to Kingstown, and no buildings intervene between the main road and the sea except a few small cottages on the shore, where there appears to be a rough

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   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 212

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere around here, Duncan's map of 1821 captured a view of the bay. The principal object was a Martello tower on rising ground at Martello Avenue. An enclosure with low walls adjoined it. Open country extended from the tower to Kingstown. No buildings stood between the main road and the sea except a few small cottages on the shore. The old squat Poolbeg Lighthouse sat in the distance and the Royal Hotel was under construction.

8. Knocksedan fort and its name origin

   Knocksedan · street · Dublin

   At Knocksedan there is a remarkable flat-topped fort or rath from which the locality takes its name, meaning 'the hill of the blast' due to its exposed position, standing fifty feet above the river bed.

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   Leaving I-usk, we reach the main road again at Coldwinters, two miles distant, and on entering Swords, take the second turn to the right, inquiring the way to Knocksedan, where there is a very remarkable flat-topped fort or rath from which the localitv derives its name. Knocksedan means " the hill ''' of the blast," from its exposed position, it being fifty feet

   3i6 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF Dl'BLIN

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 139

   As the companion tells it

   Knocksedan is a remarkable flat-topped fort, or rath, from which the locality takes its name. The name means "the hill of the blast," from its exposed position. It stands fifty feet above the river bed.

9. Manor of Esker granted to de Bermingham family

   Esker · parish · Dublin · 1248–1615

   In 1248 the Manor of Esker was granted to Peter de Bermingham, whose descendants held it until the mid-14th century; a 1615 regal visitation found the church in repair but its chancel in ruins.

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   In 1248 the Manor of Esker was granted to Peter de Bermingham, whose descendants retained possession of it until the middle of the following century. From a " regal visitation "

   356 'i"HE NEIGHBOLRHOOD OF DUBLIN

   Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 152

   As the companion tells it

   The parish of Esker lies along this road. In 1248 the Manor of Esker was granted to Peter de Bermingham, whose descendants held it until the middle of the following century. A regal visitation in 1615 found the church in repair but its chancel in ruins.

10. Modern round tower at Portrane memorial to Mrs Evans's husband

    Portrane · street · Dublin

    A modern round tower about 100 feet high was erected on rising ground near the Asylum by Mrs Evans as a memorial to her husband, whose bust stands inside; the entrance is reachable only by ladder, in imitation of ancient round towers.

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    Adjoining the Asylum is a modern round tower, erected on the summit of a rising ground by a former proprietor, Mrs.

    Ballisk, Portrane. (1905.)

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 134

    As the companion tells it

    Mrs Evans, a former proprietor, erected a modern round tower on rising ground near the Asylum at Ballisk, Portrane. About 100 feet high, it memorialises her husband, whose bust stands inside. The entrance is reachable only by ladder, in imitation of ancient round towers.

11. Monument to the Duke of Dorset at Ballybrack

    Ballybrack · townland · Dublin · 1815

    A pyramidal limestone monument at St. Columba's in Ballybrack commemorates the accidental death of George John Frederick, 4th Duke of Dorset, while hunting in 1815.

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    Accidentally lost his life 14th Feb. 18 15.

    On reaching Church Road turn to the right, and proceed for some distance until an entrance gate is seen on the left, bearing the names " Balure " and " Larkfield " ; pass through

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Ballybrack, a limestone pyramid at St. Columba's marks where George John Frederick, 4th Duke of Dorset, is remembered. He accidentally lost his life on 14 February 1815, while hunting.

12. North Bull sandbank a favourite duelling ground

    near North Bull or The Island · townland · Dublin

    The North Bull, a large sandbank island covered with green sward and sand dunes, was in the days of duelling a favourite place for these encounters.

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    In the days of duelling, the North Bull was a favourite place for these encounters.

    From Dollymount and the Bull, the most conspicuous object in the view is the Hill of Howth, which, with its bright green fields, pretty villas, and patches of furze and heather, forms a pleasing and attractive picture.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 116

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to North Bull or The Island lies the North Bull, a great sandbank of green sward and dunes. In the days of duelling, this was a favourite place for those encounters. From here the Hill of Howth stands out, its green fields, villas, furze and heather making a pleasing picture.

13. Our Lady's Well at Mulhuddart church ruin

    Mulhuddart · parish · Dublin

    Near the ruined old church at Mulhuddart is Our Lady's Well, enclosed by a stone covering with two niches for statues.

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    wood known as the Great Wood of Blanchardstown or Scald Wood, in the possession of the Luttrells, and a considerable portion of it still remains to the north and east of the i-illage. Continuing our journey, after a mile and a half further, we enter the hamlet of Mulhuddart, situated on the right bank of the Tolka and traversed by one of its tributaries. A little over half a mile to the north-east is the ruin of the old church, close to which is Our Lady's Well, enclosed by a stone covering with two niches for statues.

    In an account of " A Journey from Dublin to the Shores of Lough Dergh," written by Isaac Butler about 1741, it is stated in regard to Mulhuddart Church, that " Ye Church, " at present in ruins, is situated on a hill and dedicated to ye " Virgin Mary ; from it appears a most extensive and delightful " prospect into ye County of Dublin and Meath ; in it was *' committed a most barbarous and infamous action by some "of ye neighbouring Inhabitants in September, 1690, a Com- " pany of Colonel Foulkes men in their march to Dublin by " stormy and rainy weather, retreated into ye Church for " Shelter, but were all of them murthered in cold Blood before " ye morning, some of ye wretches were afterwards executed " in Thomas Street, Dublin, among ym Pat Moore, And. " Cannon, Ph. Strong, Jhn. Cummin, &c., others made their '■ escapes."

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 181

    As the companion tells it

    As the road takes you through Mulhuddart, a place on the right bank of the Tolka and traversed by one of its tributaries, there stands on a hill the ruin of an old church dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Close to the church is Our Lady's Well, enclosed by a stone covering with two niches for statues. Isaac Butler, who passed this way around 1741, noted that from the ruined church appears a most extensive and delightful prospect into the counties of Dublin and Meath. He also recorded what took place at the church in September 1690. A company of Colonel Foulkes's men, on their march to Dublin, were caught in stormy and rainy weather and retreated into the church for shelter. Before morning, they were all of them murdered in cold blood by some of the neighbouring inhabitants. Butler wrote that it was, in his words, "a most barbarous and infamous action." Some of the killers were afterwards executed in Thomas Street in Dublin, among them Pat Moore, Andrew Cannon, Philip Strong, and John Cummin. Others of them made their escape.

14. Raheny's ancient rath and vanished holy well

    Raheny · townland · Dublin

    Raheny, anciently Rath Enna or Enna's Fort, retains distinguishable circumvallations of its rath near the old Protestant church, which stands on the site of a more ancient edifice. St. Ossan's holy well, once in the field between church and railway station, is now covered up, its site marked only by a depression and a bush.

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    cumvallations of this rath are still distinguishable v.\ places near the old Protestat,t church, Avhich is built on the site of a more ancient edifice that stood within the circuit of the rath. St. Ossan's holv well was formerly in the field between the church and the railway station, but it is now covered up^ and its waters drain into the Santry River close by. A depression in the ground and a bush still marks its site.

    A mile beyond Raheny, the road by a long decline reaches the shore, at " The Whip of the Water," where it meets the electric tramwav, and presently passes the storm-beaten rui:'s of the ancient churclx of Kilbarrack, the most conspicuous object along the flat unbroken sweep of shore. In its lonely churchyard sleep many who, in times more perilous for sea-

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 141

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here is what was once Rath Enna, Enna's Fort. The old earthworks of the rath are still visible near the old Protestant church, which itself stands on the site of an older building that once lay within the rath's circuit. There was a holy well here too, St. Ossan's, in the field between the church and the railway station. It is covered up now. Its waters drain into the Santry River close by. All that marks where the well once rose is a depression in the ground and a single bush.

15. Robbery of English party near Rathcoole, 1644

    Rathcoole · town · Dublin · 1644

    On 2nd July 1644 a small body of English were attacked and robbed of £200 by twenty Irish horsemen near Rathcoole, an incident referred to in a letter from the Marquess of Ormonde.

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    On the 2nd July, 1644., a small body of English were attacked and robbed of ;^200 by twenty Irish horsemen. The incident

    230 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OE DUBLIN

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 109

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Rathcoole, this town carries an incident from the 2nd of July 1644. A small body of English were attacked and robbed of £200 by 20 Irish horsemen. The Marquess of Ormonde referred to it in a letter.

16. Royal Hospital appropriation reshapes Park boundary

    Phoenix Park · electoral division · Dublin · 1680

    In 1680 a Royal Warrant led to 64 acres of the Park being appropriated for the Royal Hospital, requiring readjustment of the southern boundary and giving the Park its modern shape.

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    In 1680 a Royal Warrant having been issued for the erection of the Royal Hospital, and for the appropriation to its use of 64 acres from the lands of the Park, it became necessary to re-adjust the southern boundary, and opportunity was at the same time taken to detach all the lands at the south side of the river from the Park, which thereupon assumed its . modern shape and dimensions.

    Within the past few years the strips of land along the river between Islandbridge and Chapelizod have been acquired by the Crown as a technical addition to the Phoenix Park, which, therefore, extends now as it did of old to the south side of the Liffey. The immediate purpose of this acquisition was, however, to prevent the disfigurement of the view from the Park by the erection of unsightly buildings along the river.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 179

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Phoenix Park, you are moving through a place that took its modern shape in 1680. That year a Royal Warrant was issued for the erection of the Royal Hospital, and 64 acres of the Park were appropriated for its use. The southern boundary had to be readjusted, and all the lands at the south side of the river were detached from the Park at the same time. In more recent years the Crown acquired strips of land along the river between Islandbridge and Chapelizod, extending the Park back to the south side of the Liffey as it once did. The purpose was to prevent unsightly buildings from disfiguring the view from the Park.

17. Rush pier built under James II

    Rush · town · Dublin · 1685–1688

    Rush harbour, though difficult of access and exposed to heavy seas, was fitted with a pier built in the reign of James the Second, and the town was noted by Hollinshed as a chief haven town of Ireland.

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    greatly exposed to heavy swells of the sea when tlie wind blows hard from the north-east. The pier was built here in the reign of James the Second.

    Rush is mentioned by Hollinshed as being one of the chief haven towns of Ireland, and in more recent times was celebrated for its fisheries, particularly of ling, which were caught and cured in great quantities by the inhabitants. Adjoining the town is Kenure Park, containing a fine mansion, formerly known as Rush House, now the residence of the Palmer family. In 1666 the manor of Kenure was granted to the Duke of Ormonde, passing subsequently to the Echlin family, who have since become impoverished, and are now represented by Sir Henry Echlin, residing in England ; and from the Echlin family the estate was purchased by an ancestor of the present proprietors. The house, which is a spacious and handsome structure, contains some fine paintings as well as a rare collection of vases, and other relics from Pompeii,

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 137

    As the companion tells it

    Rush was a harbour town, and a hard one to use. The harbour was greatly exposed to heavy swells of the sea when the wind blew hard from the north-east. A pier was built in the reign of James the Second, between 1685 and 1688. Hollinshed named Rush as one of the chief haven towns of Ireland. In later times the town was celebrated for its fisheries, particularly ling, which the inhabitants caught and cured in great quantities. Adjoining the town is Kenure Park, where a fine mansion once called Rush House now serves as the residence of the Palmer family. In 1666 the manor of Kenure was granted to the Duke of Ormonde. It then passed to the Echlin family, who became impoverished, and are now represented by Sir Henry Echlin residing in England. The estate was purchased from the Echlin family by an ancestor of the present proprietors. The house contains fine paintings and a rare collection of vases and other relics from Pompeii.

18. Shrimps vanish from Irishtown strand after 1741 hard frost

    Irishtown · townland · Dublin · 1741

    The strand at Irishtown was once noted for abundant cockles and shrimps, but after the severe winter of 1741 known as 'The hard frost,' the shrimps disappeared completely and never returned to the coast.

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    The strand at Irishtown w^as at one time noted for its cockles and shrimps, the shrimps being found in great quantities at certain states of the tide, but after the severe winter of 1741, known as " The hard frost," they completely disappeared and never since returned to this coast. The cockles, however, still remain for those who have the courage to eat them, and occasionally yield a rich harvest to the professional cockle pickers. Going to Sandymount on Sunday to pick cockles was a favourite amusement of the Dublin folk a hundred years ago.

    Cranfield's Baths, for many years a well-known institution in this neighbourhood, were established by Richard Cranlield, who died at Irishtown in 1859.2

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 15

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Irishtown, the strand was once noted for its cockles and shrimps. The shrimps were found in great quantities at certain states of the tide. But after the severe winter of 1741, known as "The hard frost," they completely disappeared and never since returned to this coast. The cockles, however, still remain for those who have the courage to eat them, and occasionally yield a rich harvest to the professional cockle pickers. Going to Sandymount on Sunday to pick cockles was a favourite amusement of the Dublin folk a hundred years ago. Cranfield's Baths, for many years a well-known institution in this neighbourhood, were established by Richard Cranfield, who died at Irishtown in 1859.

19. Site of the Kirwan murder on Ireland's Eye

    Ireland's Eye · townland · Dublin · 1800–1899

    On the eastern side of Ireland's Eye, among the sea-carved caves, is the scene of the now almost forgotten Kirwan murder, described as a terrible tragedy of the last century.

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    trouble of visiting it ; the most interesting portion being the eastern side, where the detached rocks are of great size and fantastic shapes, and holIo\ved out by the action of the sea into numerous caves. On this side also is the scene of the now almost forgotten Kirwan murder — a terrible tragedy of the last century.

    The view from the heights comprises, to the south — the hill, harbour, and town of Howth, with the castle embosomed in its woods ; to the right of these, the Isthmus of Sutton • and then, in succession, Baldoyle, Portmarnock, and to the northward the fertile tract of Fingal ; while across the city haze may be discerned the rounded forms of the Dublin mountains, their summits outlined in picturesque profile, and their bases indistinct and blurred by the smoke of the Metropolis.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 147

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Ireland's Eye, the eastern side holds rocks of great size and fantastic shapes, hollowed by the sea into numerous caves. It was here that the Kirwan murder took place, described as a terrible tragedy of the last century, now almost forgotten. The record gives no further detail of what happened, only that it occurred among these caves on the eastern shore.

20. Skerries pier funded by Irish Parliament, 1755 and 1767

    Skerries · town · Dublin · 1755–1767

    The Irish Parliament granted £2,000 in 1755 and a further £1,500 in 1767 for construction of a pier at Skerries; it later fell into decay before being repaired and extended by Hans Hamilton.

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    In 1755 the Irish Parliament granted j/^2,000 for the construction of a pier at Skerries, and in 1767 ^^1,500 more for t lc same purpose. It subsequentl\- fell into decay, but was repaired, and e?:tended by Hans Hamilton, an ancestor of the present Lord Holmpatrick.

    The country around Skerries is prettily diversified, and the ruins of a few old windmills, situated on adjacent eminences, lend a somewhat picturesque effect. As we return from Red Island along the main street, we come to a turn on the right, past the Protestant church, where a finger-post shows the road to Dublin. To reach Baldongan we take this road, being careful, however, not to take the turn to the right from it immediately outside the town. The road is upl ill most of the way to the ruins, which are conspicuously situated on the summit of a rising ground, about two miles from Skerries,

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 137

    As the companion tells it

    The town of Skerries lies along this road. Its pier owes its beginning to the Irish Parliament. In 1755 Parliament granted £2,000 for the construction of a pier at the town, and in 1767 a further £1,500 for the same purpose. The pier subsequently fell into decay, but was repaired and extended by Hans Hamilton, an ancestor of the present Lord Holmpatrick. The country around is prettily diversified, and the ruins of a few old windmills, situated on adjacent eminences, lend a somewhat picturesque effect. Along the main street, past the Protestant church, a finger-post shows the road to Dublin. About two miles from the town, near Baldongan, ruins sit conspicuously on the summit of a rising ground, reached by a road that is uphill most of the way.

21. St. Maelruan's ancient walnut tree in the palace gardens

    near Tallaght · town · Dublin

    The extensive gardens of the old palace at Tallaght contain an immense walnut tree hundreds of years old, called St. Maelruan's tree after the patron saint of Tallaght.

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    The extensive gardens of the old palace still remain, and are kept in good order as an appanage of the monastery. They contain an immense walnut tree hundreds of years old, called St. Maelruan's tree after the Patron Saint of Tallaght.

    The Protestant Church, at the far end of the village, is built on the site, and partly of the materials of a much more ancient edifice, which seems to have been originallv enclosed by a kind of circumvallation, traces of which still remain. The old ivy-clad belfry tower beside the modern structure is portion of the old church which was taken down in 1829. In the interior of the church are a monument and memorial tablet to Sir Timothy Allen, who was Lord Mayor of Dublin in 1762, and who lived near Oldbawn in a house which has since been called Allenton.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 97

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Tallaght, the old palace gardens still remain, kept in good order as part of the monastery. They hold an immense walnut tree, hundreds of years old, called St. Maelruan's tree after the patron saint of Tallaght. At the far end of the village, the Protestant Church stands on the site and partly on the materials of a much older building, once enclosed by a kind of wall whose traces still remain. The old ivy-clad belfry tower beside the modern church is a surviving portion of the old church, which was taken down in 1829. Inside the church are a monument and a memorial tablet to Sir Timothy Allen, Lord Mayor of Dublin in 1762, who lived near Oldbawn in a house since called Allenton.

22. The Black Quarries, a romantic wild spot near Clontarf

    Clontarf · parish · Dublin

    A spot beside the Howth Road near Clontarf station called 'The Black Quarries' was noted in former years for its romantic wildness, and is now enclosed within the grounds of Mount Temple.

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    Adjoining the grounds of Marino is the terrace known as Marino Crescent, built in 1792, where the Malahide and Howth roads diverge, and, according to current tradition in the neighbourhood, erected in this position for the purpose of intercepting the view from Marino, the builder having entertained some private grudge against Lord Charlemont. A short distance along the Howth Road, just beside Clontarf station, is a spot noted in former years for its romantic wildness, called " The Black Quarries," now enclosed within the grounds of Mount Temple.

    A few paces further along the shore road, passing under the railway, we come into view of the Bay, with the Pigeonhouse and the two river lighthouses in front, to the right of these the hills of Dalkey and Killiney, the wooded country rising behind Blackrock and Kingstown, and in the background the Dublin and Wicklow Mountains in profile, their bases obscured bv the smoke and haze of the city.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 116

    As the companion tells it

    Along the road through Clontarf, there is a stretch once known for its romantic wildness, a place people called the Black Quarries. It sat a short distance along the Howth Road, just beside Clontarf station. Those quarries are now enclosed within the grounds of Mount Temple, and the wildness that once made the spot noteworthy has given way to the grounds around it. The record that preserves the name tells us only that much, but it places the Black Quarries among other landmarks of the same shore road, where the railway passes overhead and the Bay opens into view. From there the eye takes in the Pigeonhouse and the two river lighthouses, the hills of Dalkey and Killiney, the wooded country behind Blackrock and Kingstown, and beyond all of it the Dublin and Wicklow Mountains rising in profile, their bases lost in the smoke and haze of the city.

23. The Fairy Hill and Fairy Well

    Tymon Lane · street · Dublin

    Along Tymon Lane, near a little stream, stands a slight elevation called 'The Fairy Hill' beside 'The Fairy Well', surrounded by luxuriant vegetation and wild flowers.

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    From this point the road descends to the course of a little stream close to which is a slight elevation called " Tlie Fairy Hill," and beside it " The Fair\' \\'el]," surrounded by luxuriant vegetation and a \vealth of wild flowers. A few paces further along this sequestered by-way will be seen the picturesque ivied ruin of Tymon or Timothan Castle, situated on a grassy knoll in a commanding position above the adjoining, road. It is a rather small edifice, but, standing as it does on an eminence rising from the plain, is a conspicuous object for some distance around. It had apparently only two apartments,

    198 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 95

    As the companion tells it

    The Fairy Hill and Fairy Well stand along Tymon Lane, near the course of a little stream. The hill is a slight elevation, the well beside it, both surrounded by luxuriant vegetation and a wealth of wild flowers. A few paces further along the by-way stands the ivied ruin of Tymon Castle, on a grassy knoll in a commanding position above the adjoining road. It is a rather small edifice, but on its eminence rising from the plain it is a conspicuous object for some distance around, with apparently only two apartments.

24. The old ford of Templeogue before the bridge

    Templeogue · townland · Dublin · 1800

    Before Templeogue Bridge was built around 1800, all traffic between the area and Firhouse had to ford the Dodder river at this point, which was wider before the Drainage Commissioners narrowed its bed.

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    sary to continue along the tram road for about a quarter of a mile further, where the old road will be seen sloping down to the river bed. Templeogue Bridge was not built until about 1800, and before that time, all vehicles going to or coming from the neighbourhood of Firhouse, had to ford the river here, which was, however, at that time much wider, its bed having been subsequently restricted by the Drainage Commissioners. Crossing here by the stepping-stones, we enter an ancient roadwa}', whose moss-grown, ivy-clad walls attest its antiquity, and after crossing a stile, we emerge upon the main road to Firhouse.

    176 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 86

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Templeogue there was an old ford across the Dodder. The old road can still be seen sloping down to the river bed. Templeogue Bridge was not built until about 1800, and before that, all vehicles going to or from the neighbourhood of Firhouse had to ford the river at this point. The river was much wider then, its bed having been restricted later by the Drainage Commissioners. People crossed by the stepping-stones, entering an ancient roadway whose moss-grown, ivy-clad walls attest its antiquity. After crossing a stile, you emerged upon the main road to Firhouse.

25. The Vanished Black Rock of Blackrock

    Blackrock · townland · Dublin · 1825

    The original black rock (calp limestone) that gave Blackrock its name has disappeared, buried under deposits of rubbish used to raise the level before the People's Park was laid out; some vein remnants were used in railway construction.

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    In A Narrative of an Excursion to Ireland, by members of the Honorable Irish Society of London, privately circulated in 1825, the writer, referring to a journey from DubHn to Blackrock, says : — " There are some very neat cottages on the road, *' the thatching of which is the very best work of the kind I " have ever seen, and although I had heard much of the neat- " ness of these buildings, they far exceeded my most sanguine " expectations. I looked out in various directions for the " Black Rock, expecting to see some stupendous mass —

    " ' Huge as the tower which builders vain " ' Presumptuous piled on Shinar's plain.'

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 21

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, the black rock that gave Blackrock its name has vanished. It was calp limestone, buried under rubbish used to raise the ground before the People's Park was laid out, and whatever vein remnants survived went into railway construction. By 1825 it was already gone. A writer from the Honorable Irish Society of London, in a privately circulated Narrative of an Excursion to Ireland, described the road from Dublin and noted neat cottages with fine thatching, then said he looked out in various directions for the Black Rock, expecting what he called some stupendous mass, but found nothing.

26. Thomas Furlong the Wexford poet's grave near Grose's

    near Drumcondra · townland · Dublin · 1827

    Thomas Furlong, a poet from Wexford, was buried near Grose's grave in Drumcondra churchyard, dying in 1827.

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    Near Grose's grave is buried Thomas Furlong, the Wexford poet, who died in 1827.

    Although such a short distance from Dublin, the district between Drumcondra and Swords for many years bore the unenviable reputation of being one of the most dangerous in the neighbourhood of the Metropolis, repeated robberies, both of mail coaches and foot passengers, as well as other outrages, having taken place in it up to the early part of the last century. The following are some of the most noteworthy instances on record : —

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 118

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Drumcondra lies the grave of Thomas Furlong, the Wexford poet, who died in 1827 and was buried near Grose's grave. The district between here and Swords once carried an unenviable reputation as one of the most dangerous near the city. Repeated robberies of mail coaches and foot passengers took place up to the early part of the last century.

27. Tobermaclaney fishing quay near the Velvet Strand

    Portmarnock · town · Dublin

    A small quay for landing fish was constructed about 100 years before writing near the Martello tower at what was then known as Tobermaclaney (Maclaney's well), when the coast had a much larger population than at the time of writing.

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    Resuming our journey, a laneway will be seen on the left, nearly opposite the church, bearing the picturesque designation of " Blackberry Lane." and after passing the rise in the road, the shore again comes into view at the northern extremity of the Velvet Strand. Just under the point where the Martello tower stands, a small quay for hnding fish was constructed about 100 years ago, when there was a much larger population along this coast than at the present time. The place was then known as Tobermaclaney, meaning Maclaney's well, and a depression in the ground near the tower marks the site of the well, the waters of which, having been disturbed by

    THE VELVET STRAND— ROBSWALL 279

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 126

    As the companion tells it

    As the road passes through Portmarnock, the shore comes into view at the northern end of the Velvet Strand. Below the Martello tower, a small quay for landing fish was built about 100 years ago, when this coast held a much larger population than it does now. The place was then called Tobermaclaney, meaning Maclaney's well. A depression in the ground near the tower marks the site of the well.

28. Trinity Well patron held on Trinity Sunday, Lambay

    Lambay Island · townland · Dublin

    Near the centre of Lambay Island is Trinity Well, surrounded by shrubs and bushes, where in former years a patron (religious gathering) was held on Trinity Sunday.

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    Nearly in the centre of the island is Trinity well, surrounded by shrubs anH bushes, where in former years a patron was held on Trinity Sunday. Rising above this and to the north is Knockbane, 418 feet high, the greatest elevation on the island.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 209

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Lambay Island, near its centre, is Trinity Well, surrounded by shrubs and bushes. In former years a patron was held there on Trinity Sunday. To the north of the well rises Knockbane, 418 feet high, the greatest elevation on the island.

29. Workmen's settlement beside the Dalkey quarries

    Dalkey Hill · electoral division · Dublin

    The extensive quarrying works for Kingstown Harbour required a small army of workmen, whose descendants remained near the original settlement beside the quarries into the author's time.

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    tensive were the various works in connection with the undertaking that the employment of a small army of workmen became necessary, descendants of whom remain to the present day near the original settlement beside the quarries.

    About the time that Kingstown first assumed its modern title, a person standing on the ground now occupied by Sandycove Railway Station, and looking along the open country road towards the newly-named town, beheld a view which, except ■for its setting, would scarcely be recognised by a modern inhabitant. Not a house intervened between the observer and a group of cottages around the Royal Marine Hotel ; and about

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 29

    As the companion tells it

    Dalkey Hill was where the quarrying works for Kingstown Harbour called for a small army of workmen. They settled beside the quarries, and their descendants were still living near that original settlement in the author's own time. When Kingstown first took its modern name, a person standing where Sandycombe Railway Station now stands and looking along the open country road toward the town would have seen a view hard to recognise today. Not a single house stood between the observer and a group of cottages around the Royal Marine Hotel.

30. Blessington Yeomanry corps of 1815

    Blessington · town · Wicklow · 1815

    In 1815 Blessington furnished a corps of Yeomanry for the protection of that portion of the county, reflecting the town's civic and military role in the period.

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    In 1815 Blessington furnished a corps of Yeomanry for the protection of that portion of the county.

    To reach Ballymore-Eustace from Blessington the best route is to follow the tram rails as far as the sheds known as " The Tram Stores," where the road to the right should be taken. There is a shorter and more direct road, but being more undulating, no econom\' in point of time will be effected by choosing it. About 2i miles from Blessington the road enters a dense plantation, and immediately afterwards passes

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 168

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Blessington in Wicklow, the town has a quiet military echo from 1815. That year Blessington furnished a corps of Yeomanry for the protection of that portion of the county, a civic duty that put local men in arms to keep order across this part of Wicklow.

31. Brickfield Town on the site of modern Sandymount

    near Sandymount · townland · Dublin · 1756–1770

    Rocque's map shows the site of modern Sandymount village occupied by 'Brickfield Town,' with Lord Merrion's brickfields extending along the shore to Merrion.

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    John Rocque's maps of the City and County, in several editions, circa 1 756-1 770, are excellent maps, showing such an advance on their predecessors, that it is quite possible to identify most of the main roads and many of the by-roads. They were issued in various scales. On the 1762 edition the Grand Canal is shown as " Part of the New Canal." Very little is shown in Rathmines and Rathgar, but Rathgar Avenue and its continuation as far as the Dodder, now known as Orwell Road, appear as a high road. The Dodder was then crossed by a ford near this point. The site of the modern Sandymount village is occupied by " Brickfield Town," and Lord Merrion's brickfields extend thence along the shore to Merrion. Sandymount Avenue and Serpentine Avenue are recognisable, as also Simmonscourt Road. Many of the mountains are showni with their present names, but

    483

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 211

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, between 1756 and 1770, John Rocque's maps of the City and County show this ground as "Brickfield Town" rather than Sandymount village. Lord Merrion's brickfields stretched from here along the shore to Merrion. Sandymount Avenue and Serpentine Avenue were already recognisable on the map, as was Simmonscourt Road. The Grand Canal appeared as "Part of the New Canal," and the Dodder was crossed by a ford rather than a bridge near where Orwell Road now runs.

32. Cherry-tree house near the old ford, Rathfarnham

    Cherryfield · street · Wicklow

    A small eighteenth-century house called Cherry-tree, later renamed Cherryfield, stood near the old ford opposite Spawell House and is identified as the site associated with the printed spa ballad, with Rathfarnham as its postal address.

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    Nearly opposite Spaweil House, on the other side of the river and close to the old ford, there was, in the eighteenth century, a small house beside the old road, known as Cherrytree. Long afterwards it was enlarged and partially rebuilt, whereupon the name was altered to Cherryfield, its present designation. This, doubtless, was " The Cherry-tree, Rathfarnham," where the above ballad was printed, Rathfarnham probably having been the postal address. The house can be seen from both the Firhouse and Tallaght roads.

    The hour for assembHng at the Spa was eight o'clock a.m., and as the journey from town occupied about an hour, its patrons had to rise soon after six, so that in addition to whatever benefits they derived from drinking the waters, it obliged them to keep regular hours and to go to bed early instead of spending half the night gambling and drinking, as was customary in these hard-living times.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 87

    As the companion tells it

    This is Cherryfield, once a small eighteenth-century house called Cherry-tree, standing near the old ford on the river, nearly opposite Spawell House. Long afterwards the house was enlarged and partially rebuilt, and its name changed to Cherryfield. This was, doubtless, "the Cherry-tree, Rathfarnham," where the spa ballad was printed, Rathfarnham likely serving as the postal address. The spa's patrons assembled at eight in the morning. The journey from town took about an hour, so they had to rise soon after six. Whatever benefits they gained from drinking the waters, the spa also obliged them to keep regular hours and go to bed early, rather than spending half the night gambling and drinking, as was customary in those hard-living times.

33. Corr Castle, the 'Dane's Castle' outpost of Howth Castle

    near Sutton · street · Dublin

    Corr Castle, a square tower also called 'The Dane's Castle', stands in the old racecourse on the isthmus of Sutton. It was probably an outpost of Howth Castle built to command views of the sea on each side of the isthmus, and was later used as a standhouse for races.

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    farers, were cast up by the waA es — some, unknown and unidentified, passengers of stout ships wrecked upon the treacherous shallows oif the shore — others, fisher folk caught by the tide or overwhelmed by sudden storm in their frail skiffs. Beneath an illegible headstone in this churchyard is buried the notorious Higgins, better known as " The Sham Squire." In a little over half a mile beyond Kilbarrack we reach the isthmus of Sutton, on which the Howth and Hill tram lines intersect. On the right, as we proceed towards Howth, will be seen the square tower known as Corr Castle, and sometimes called " The Dane's Castle," standing in the old racecourse. This building has been supposed to be the remnant of a more extensive structure, but was probably only an outpost of Howth Castle, built in this position so as to command a view of the sea en each side of the isthmus, which would have been a great advantage in the troublous times when it was erected. It was formerly used as a standhouse when the races were held here.

    A mile beyond this point the road enters Howth town, within the memory of many, a village of miserable hovels, but greatly improved and extended in recent years.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 141

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Sutton stands Corr Castle, a square tower sometimes called "The Dane's Castle," standing in the old racecourse on the isthmus. It has been supposed to be the remnant of a more extensive structure, but was probably only an outpost of Howth Castle. Its position here was chosen to command a view of the sea on each side of the isthmus, which would have been a great advantage in the troublous times when it was erected. It was formerly used as a standhouse when the races were held here.

34. Harold's Cross Green taken over in 1894

    near Haroldscross · population centre · Dublin · 1894

    Harold's Cross Green remained in a wild natural state, used by horses, donkeys, and goats for grazing, until 1894 when it was taken over by the Rathmines Commissioners and converted into a public park.

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    Harold's Cross Green remained, until 1894, in the wild state of nature in wliich it had existed for hundreds of years, affording a precarious livelihood to a number of horses, donkeys, goats, and otlier animals, which were rudely dispossessed of their ancient patrimony when the Green was taken over -by the Rathmines Commissioners and converted into a pubHc park.

    In the earlier part of the last century there was a Yeomanry corps called " The Uppercross FusiHers," many of whom were workingmen from this neighbourhood ; but the uniforms and equipments of these warriors were of a very crude description and made the wearers seem litter subjects for the ridicule than the admiration of the inhabitants.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 94

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Haroldscross, the green here was wild ground for hundreds of years. Horses, donkeys, goats and other animals grazed on it, scraping what living they could from it. That lasted until 1894, when the Rathmines Commissioners took the Green over and turned it into a public park. The animals were, as the book puts it, rudely dispossessed of their ancient patrimony. There is a stranger note from the earlier part of the last century. A yeomanry corps called the Uppercross Fusiliers drew many of its men from working men of this neighbourhood. Their uniforms and equipment were so crude that the wearers seemed, in the words of the source, fitter subjects for the ridicule than the admiration of the inhabitants.

35. Kiltiernan church ruins and lost castle

    Kiltiernan · townland · Dublin · 1600–1699

    In the sequestered village of Kiltiernan stand the ivied ruins of an ancient church surrounded by thorn and elder trees. A castle also stood in the village in the 17th century, but no trace or even its site now survives.

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    A little over a mile from Stepaside we reach the high ground at the head of the Glenamuck road, from which may be seen the Bay as well as the district intervening between us and the coast, and shortly afterwards we enter the small village of Kiltiernan, consisting of a row of neat slated cottages. Here, in a sequestered position are the ivied ruins of an ancient church, surrounded by thorn and elder trees, and presenting evidences of great antiquity. A castle also stood in the village in the 17th century, but no trace of it now survives, and even its site has been forgotten. Down to about sixty years ago there were paper mills and a cotton factory in Kiltiernan affording considerable employment in the neighbourhood.

    About half a mile west of Kiltiernan, on the wild mountainside, surrounded by fern and heather, is one of the largest cromlechs in Ireland, commonly known as " The Giant's " Grave," the table stone of which is 22 feet long by i$i feet wide, and is estimated to weigh about 40 tons. The supporters, judging from their irregular positions, would appear to have suffered some considerable disturbance.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 81

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here are the ruins of an ancient church, ivied and standing in a sequestered position, surrounded by thorn and elder trees, presenting evidences of great antiquity. A castle also stood in the village in the 17th century, but no trace of it now survives, and even its site has been forgotten. The village of Kiltiernan consisted of a row of neat slated cottages, reached after the high ground at the head of the Glenamuck road, from which could be seen the bay as well as the district intervening between there and the coast. About half a mile west, on the wild mountainside, surrounded by fern and heather, stands one of the largest cromlechs in Ireland, commonly known as the Giant's Grave. Its table stone is 22 feet long, and is estimated to weigh about 40 tons. The supporters, from their irregular positions, would appear to have suffered some considerable disturbance. Down to about sixty years ago there were also paper mills and a cotton factory here, affording considerable employment in the neighbourhood.

36. Montpelier Parade built by Mr. Molesworth Green

    Temple Hill · street · Dublin · 1795–1802

    Montpelier Parade at Temple Hill, one of the first terraces built in the locality, was completed a few years before 1802 by Mr. Molesworth Green with the aim of making the area residential, then enjoying an uninterrupted sea view.

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    Passing out of Blackrock by the main road, we reach Temple Hill, a little beyond which, on the right, is Montpelier Parade, one of the first terraces built in this locality. An illustration in The Hibernian Magazine represents this place as it appeared in 1802, the terrace having been completed a few years earlier by a Mr. Molesworth Green, with the idea of making this a residential neighbourhood. At the time it- was built, this terrace must have enjoyed an uninterrupted view of the sea, as there were no houses to the south or east of it ; but notwithstanding its attractive situation, it is surprising if any city people lived so far away from town in those days, when we consider the dangers of the road to Dublin owing to highwaymen, as well as the absence of any regular means of communication with the Metropolis.

    In the picture referred to, also appears the tower of old Monkstown Church, taken down in 1832 to make room for the nondescript edifice which now disfigures its site.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 25

    As the companion tells it

    This is Montpelier Parade, one of the first terraces built in this locality at Temple Hill. A Mr. Molesworth Green completed the terrace a few years before 1802, with the idea of making this a residential neighbourhood. When it was built, the terrace must have enjoyed an uninterrupted view of the sea, as there were no houses to the south or east of it. An illustration in The Hibernian Magazine represents the place as it appeared in 1802. Despite its attractive situation, it is surprising if any city people lived so far away from town in those days. The dangers of the road to Dublin owing to highwaymen were real, and there was no regular means of communication with the Metropolis. The same picture also shows the tower of old Monkstown Church, which was taken down in 1832.

37. Raheen Dhu, a well-preserved rath on Knockannavea

    near Knockannavea · cairn · Dublin

    Raheen Dhu, described as one of the most perfect raths near Dublin, sits on a mountain eminence hidden among heather and gorse; its two concentric rings and central mound remain traceable.

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    After reaching the brow of the hill, a small pond wiU be seen on the left ; about half a mile beyond this pond the track runs beside a rough stone wall with a double line of barbed wire on top ; keep along by this wall vmtil it turns at a sharp angle to the left, and on the summit of the eminence to the right, about a hundred yards away, is Raheen Dhu, one of the most perfect raths to be found in the neighbourhood of Dublin.

    As all this portion of the mountain is covered with heather and gorse, the rath is not easily distinguishable from the rest of the hill, but once located, its two concentric rings and the remains of the central mound can be readily traced.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 100

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Knockannavea lies Raheen Dhu, described as one of the most perfect raths to be found in the neighbourhood of Dublin. It sits on the summit of an eminence, and the whole of this portion of the mountain is covered with heather and gorse, so the rath is not easily distinguishable from the rest of the hill. Once located, though, its two concentric rings and the remains of the central mound can be readily traced. The mountain keeps it hidden. You would walk through rough ground and thick growth before the shape becomes clear, but when it does, the rings and the mound are there, still readable after all this time.

38. Rathdown Castle demolished about sixty years before writing

    Rathdown · barony · Wicklow

    The castle ruin, once marked on Ordnance Survey maps, was taken down about sixty years before this account, when it still had massive outer walls 5 to 8 feet high; it was built atop an ancient fort or rath.

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    A short distance north-east of the church, on a slight eminence, and facing the lonely sea-beaten shore, stood the ancient castle of Rathdown that in time gave name to the barony. No portion of the building now remains, and its site is partly occupied by a limekiln, which, as well as the adjoining railway bridge, was probably constructed out of the materials of the walls. The ruin, which is still marked as existent on the Ordnance Survey maps, was taken down some sixty years ago, and at that time consisted of some massive outer walls from 5 to 8 feet in height. The castle was built on an ancient fort or rath, portions of which are yet discernible to the south and east of the site.

    The village of Rathdown stood a short distance to the northwest, and in draining one of the fields there during the last century, the remains of a paved street were discovered. Adjoining the site of the castle is a clear spring well which probably supplied the household with water.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 47

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through the barony of Rathdown, there is little left of the castle that once gave this whole district its name. It stood on a slight rise facing the sea, until about sixty years ago, when the walls were taken down. At that point it still had massive outer walls standing 5 to 8 feet high, and the Ordnance Survey maps still mark it as existent. A limekiln and a railway bridge nearby were probably built from the stone of those walls. The castle itself had been raised on an older fort or rath, parts of which can still be made out to the south and east. There was once a village of Rathdown a short distance to the north-west, and when a field there was drained in the last century, the remains of a paved street came to light. A clear spring well beside the castle site likely supplied the household with water.

39. Rathdown Union Workhouse at Loughlinstown

    near Loughlinstown · street · Dublin

    An extensive workhouse establishment, the Rathdown Union Workhouse, stood at the far end of Loughlinstown village in a commanding position above the valley.

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    A mile beyond Cornelscourt we enter Cabinteely, in which there is nothing calling for notice ; and in a mile and a half further along a pleasant open road, we reach Loughlinstown, situated in the sheltered valley of the Loughlinstown river. In the middle of the road leading into the village will be seen a fine tree with seats around it, beyond which, to the left is a waste sandy tract along the bed of the river. At the far end of the village, in a commanding position above the valley, is the Rathdown Union Workhouse, an extensive establishment which, with its out-offices and grounds, covers a considerable area.

    LOUGHLINSTOWN 8t

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 43

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Loughlinstown stood the Rathdown Union Workhouse, set at the far end of the village in a commanding position above the valley. It was an extensive establishment, and with its out-offices and grounds it covered a considerable area. The village itself sits in the sheltered valley of the Loughlinstown river, with a fine tree and seats in the middle of the road leading in.

40. Rath near Lucan railway station

    near Lucan · town · Dublin

    Not far from the town, on the road to the railway station, stands a hillock surmounted by a well-preserved rath containing several walled chambers, now inaccessible because part of the entrance passage has collapsed.

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    Not far from the town, on the road to the Great Southern and Western Railway Station, is a hillock surmounted by a rath in excellent preservation. In tlxe interior are several walled chambers which were formerly reached by an opening at the top, but are now inaccessible owing to portion of the entrance passage having fallen in.

    I/eaving Lucan by the Esker road up the steep hill, and passing the new cemetery, we presently enter the little village of Esker, more populous in former years, and once possessing a grammar school and a cotton factory. The district of Esker was one of the four ancient Royal manors of the County Dublin, the revenues of which were on occasions applied to the ciefence of the Pale against " the Irish Enemie." Esker means a ridge of sandhills, this place marking the commencement of the great Esker-Riada, a line of low hills which extends almost iininterruptedly to the County Galway, and was fixed upon as the boundary between the North and the South of Ireland in the 2nd century by Owen More and Conn of the Hundred Battles {Irish 'Names oj Places, Vol. I., p. 402).

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 152

    As the companion tells it

    As the road passes through Lucan, not far from the town on the road to the Great Southern and Western Railway Station, a hillock rises with a rath in excellent preservation. Inside the rath are several walled chambers. These chambers were formerly reached by an opening at the top, but they are now inaccessible because part of the entrance passage has fallen in. Leaving Lucan by the Esker road up the steep hill and passing the new cemetery, you come to the little village of Esker, more populous in former years. It once possessed a grammar school and a cotton factory. The district of Esker was one of the four ancient Royal manors of the County Dublin, the revenues of which were on occasions applied to the defence of the Pale against "the Irish Enemie." Esker means a ridge of sandhills, and this place marks the commencement of the great Esker-Riada, a line of low hills extending almost uninterrupted to the County Galway. It was fixed upon as the boundary between the North and the South of Ireland in the 2nd century by Owen More and Conn of the Hundred Battles.

41. Site of ancient monastery near Enniskerry

    Enniskerry · town · Wicklow

    Between the two roads approaching Enniskerry lies a dark wooded gorge where a small monastery stood in ancient times, its site still remembered in local tradition.

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    Immediately before reaching Enniskerry, the road branches right and left, either way leading into the village. The lefthand road, being the older one, is much steeper than the other, and was the scene of many a serious accident in the old cycling days. Between the two roads is a dark wooded gorge, where a small monastery stood in ancient times, the site of which is still remembered in tradition. Viewed from the heights above it, the little village of Enniskerry presents a very striking appearance, embosomed in its pine woods and situated in a wellsheltered hollow, with the Great Sugar Loaf rising majestically over it.

    From Enniskerry the reader must be left to his own choice as to the route to be pursued homeward, a favourite one being the road to Bray, and thence by the Bray and Stillorgan road to town.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 81

    As the companion tells it

    Enniskerry sits in a well-sheltered hollow, embosomed in pine woods, with the Great Sugar Loaf rising over it. Before you reach the village, the road branches left and right, both ways leading in. The lefthand road is the older one and much steeper, and in the old cycling days it was the scene of many a serious accident. Between those two roads lies a dark wooded gorge. A small monastery stood there in ancient times. The site is still remembered in local tradition. Nothing remains above ground, but the gorge holds the memory of it.

42. The Tongue at Kimmage divides city water supply

    Kimmage · townland · Dublin

    At Kimmage, a wedge-shaped stone or tongue divided the waters of the watercourse, with two-thirds flowing to the city via Greenmount and one-third diverted to Dolphin's Barn. The site gives its name to a townland and remains a well-known landmark.

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    Mills and on to " The Tongue " at Kimmage. Here the waters are divided by a wedge-shaped stone or tongue, twothirds flowing by the original course to the city via Greenmount, under the Canal to Goodbody's factory and thence to Blackpitts, New Row, Patrick Street, past St. Patrick's Cathedral, turning east at Ross Road, through the Castle and Palace Street to Wellington Quay, where the w^aters

    "The Tongue' at Kimmage

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 196

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Kimmage, the waters of the old watercourse were split at a place called the Tongue. A wedge-shaped stone divided the flow: two-thirds went on by the original course to the city, passing through Greenmount, under the canal to Goodbody's factory, then to Blackpitts, New Row, Patrick Street, past St. Patrick's Cathedral, turning east at Ross Road, through the Castle and Palace Street to Wellington Quay. The remaining third was diverted to Dolphin's Barn.

43. Tradition that Turvey House built from Grace Dieu ruins

    Turvey · townland · Dublin

    There is a local tradition that Turvey House, the seat of the Barnewalls, was constructed from the materials of the demolished Grace Dieu convent, supported by the complete disappearance of the convent's buildings.

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    There is a tradition that Turvey House, the seat of the Barnewalls, was erected out of the materials of Grace Dieu, and the complete disappearance of all the buildings of that great religious establishment would tend to corroborate this story {see " Turvey " in next chapter).

    The site stands on high ground, commanding a distant prospect of the mountains across the city smoke, as Avell as a partial view of Howth.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 133

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here stands what was once Turvey House, the seat of the Barnewalls. There is a tradition that the house was erected from the materials of Grace Dieu, and the complete disappearance of all the buildings of that great religious establishment would tend to corroborate this story.

44. Ancient burial mounds and cairns on Tallaght and Saggart hills

    near Tallaght Hill · hill or hills · Dublin

    Confirmation of Tallaght's ancient traditions is found in the great number of burial mounds, stone circles, cairns, and other places of sepulture discovered from time to time on the Tallaght and Saggart hills.

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    Some confirmation of these traditions about Tallaght is to be found in the great number of burial mounds, stone circles, cairns, and other ancient places of sepulture which, from time to time, have been discovered on the Tallaght and Saggart hills.

    Tallaght is interesting as having been for a time the country residence of the Protestant Archbishops of Dublin. In 1729 Archbishop Hoadley took down the extensive ruins of the ancient Castle of Tallaght which stood on the site of an earlier monastic establishment, and ^vith the materials built a large episcopal mansion, thus described b)- Austin Cooper, the antiquiry, in 1779 : — " For a thing of the kind it is the poorest " ever I saw. It is a large piece of patchwork, so devoid of

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 96

    As the companion tells it

    Tallaght Hill has long carried evidence of its ancient past in the burial mounds, stone circles, cairns, and other places of sepulture found here and on the neighbouring Saggart hills. They have been discovered from time to time, confirming traditions that cling to this place. In later centuries Tallaght served as the country residence of the Protestant Archbishops of Dublin. In 1729 Archbishop Hoadley took down the extensive ruins of the ancient Castle of Tallaght, which stood on the site of an earlier monastic establishment, and with the materials built a large episcopal mansion. The antiquary Austin Cooper described it in 1779 as a large piece of patchwork, so devoid of any merit that, for a thing of the kind, it was the poorest ever he saw.

45. Ancient church ruin in Ballyman glen

    Ballyman · townland · Dublin · 1100–1200

    At the bottom of the secluded glen of Ballyman, near the stream, stands the ruin of a very ancient church probably dating from no later than the 12th century, with only the eastern portion remaining.

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    As we reach the higher portion of the road above Old Connauglit, a stile will be seen on the left, from which a pathway leads down to the secluded glen of Ballyman or Glenmunder watered by a little stream that rises in the Scalp and here forms the boundary between the counties of Dublin and Wicklow. This glen is well wooded, and on portions of its southern slopes may be seen in the springtime such a wonderful profusion of primroses that their pale, delicate tint quite dominates the colouring of the banks on which they grow. At the bottom of the glen, not far from the stream, is the ruin of a very ancient church, dating probably from a period not later than the I2th century. Only the eastern portion of the

    68

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 37

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Ballyman, in a secluded glen watered by a little stream that rises in the Scalp and forms the boundary between Dublin and Wicklow, there is the ruin of a very ancient church. It dates probably from a period not later than the 12th century, and only the eastern portion now remains. The glen is well wooded, and in springtime its southern slopes are covered with primroses.

46. Ancient forest remains found in bogs near Lough Bray

    near Lough Bray · lake or lakes · Wicklow

    At the time of writing, remains of trees composing the ancient Glencree forest were being discovered in the bogs near Lough Bray and on the slopes of the surrounding high hills.

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    At the present day, remains of the tree? which composed this ancient forest are discovered in the bogs near Lough Brav, as well as on the slopes of the high hill? in its neighbourhood. Of course, the Glencree forest only formed a small part of the wide-spreading forests alluded to by Holinshed and Spenser, who tell us that the Wichlow glens were full of great trees on the sides of the hills, and that these forest? v.ere interspersed with goodly valleys fit for fair habitation?.

    378 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 161

    As the companion tells it

    Lough Bray is a lake the road passes through or near in Wicklow. In the bogs around it, and on the slopes of the high hills nearby, remains of trees have been found that once made up the ancient Glencree forest. That forest was only a small part of the great woods that once covered Wicklow. Holinshed and Spenser both wrote that the Wicklow glens were full of great trees on the hillsides, with goodly valleys between them fit for fair habitation.

47. Ball's House and the Origin of Ballsbridge

    near Ballsbridge · townland · Dublin · 1600–1620

    A dwelling called 'Ball's House' stood in the early 17th century on the site now occupied by Ballsbridge Bakery, giving rise to the name Ballsbridge.

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    In An Historical Sketch of the Pe^nbroke Township, published in connection with the Dublin Exhibition of 1907, Dr. F. Elrington Ball states that bridges stood here with the namesof Simmonscourt and Smothe's Court, and that in the beginning of the 17th century there was a dwelling called " Ball's House "' on the site now occupied by Ballsbridge Bakery. This, he considers, is the origin of the name, Ballsbridge.

    The maps of the Down Survey (1650, &c.) show no bridge here, but according to Rocque's Map, about one hundred years

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 18

    As the companion tells it

    Near here, in the early 1600s, there was a dwelling called Ball's House, standing on the site now occupied by the Ballsbridge Bakery. Dr. Elrington Ball, writing in 1907, considered this the origin of the name. He also noted that bridges here once carried the names Simmonscourt and Smothe's Court. The Down Survey maps of 1650 show no bridge at this spot.

48. Cranfield's Baths at Irishtown

    Irishtown · townland · Dublin

    Cranfield's Baths, a well-known institution in the Irishtown neighbourhood for many years, were established by Richard Cranfield, who died at Irishtown in 1859.

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    Cranfield's Baths, for many years a well-known institution in this neighbourhood, were established by Richard Cranlield, who died at Irishtown in 1859.2

    In former times the tract along the sea from Ringsend to Sandymount was known as Scal'd Hill, or Scald Hill. In the middle of the 1 8th century there was a village called " Brick- " field Town " on the site now occupied by Sandymount Green, deriving its name from Lord Merrion's brickfields, which extended along the shore from there to Merrion. A well-known inn called " The Conniving House " then stood where the modern Seafort Avenue West, meets the shore. It was a famous old hostelry, noted for its dinners of fish and its excellent ale, and is referred to as follows in The Life of John Buncle, Esq. [Thomas Amory], Vol. I., p. 87 : — " I set " forward (ist May, 1725), and in five days arrived from the " western extremity of Ireland at a village called Rings-end " that lies on the Bay of Dublin. Three days I rested there, " and at the Conniving House, and then got my horses on " board a ship that was ready to sail, and bound for the land " I was born in, I mean Old England. . . . The Conniving

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 15

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here were Cranfield's Baths, for many years a well-known institution in this neighbourhood. They were established by Richard Cranfield, who died at Irishtown in 1859. In former times the tract along the sea from Ringsend to Sandymount was known as Scal'd Hill, or Scald Hill. In the middle of the 18th century there was a village called Brickfield Town on the site now occupied by Sandymount Green, deriving its name from Lord Merrion's brickfields, which extended along the shore from there to Merrion. A well-known inn called The Conniving House then stood where the modern Seafort Avenue West meets the shore. It was a famous old hostelry, noted for its dinners of fish and its excellent ale. Thomas Amory refers to it in The Life of John Buncle, where the words from the source read: "I set forward, 1st May, 1725, and in five days arrived from the western extremity of Ireland at a village called Ringsend that lies on the Bay of Dublin. Three days I rested there, and at the Conniving House, and then got my horses on board a ship that was ready to sail, and bound for the land I was born in, I mean Old England."

49. Dr Rutty's 1772 theory of Dublin's ventilation via Finglas heights

    Finglas · parish · Dublin · 1772

    Dr Rutty, in his Natural History of the County Dublin (1772), used the elevated vantage of Finglas to illustrate how smoke and vapours from Dublin stagnated under the southern mountains while the northern side enjoyed serener air.

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    Referring to this neighbourhood, Dr. Rutty in his Natural History of the County Dublin (1772), page 5, sets forth his views on what he calls the ventilation of the city of Dublin. He explains that it lies in a valley between a lofty range of mountains on the south and a high tableland on the north. This, he states, causes a thorough draught, but he adds that the advantage lies with the north side of the city, where the land rising only to a gentle elevation enables the foul air to escape from that side : — " A gentle breeze from the east is not " sufficient to disperse the smoke and vapours of the city, as " anyone will be convinced who will take a walk to Finglas, " or any more elevated place situated to the north of the city, " in such a state of weather, when he will see a large cloud of

    268 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 122

    As the companion tells it

    Finglas parish sits on high ground north of Dublin, and in 1772 that height made it a vantage point for a doctor's theory about the city's air. Dr. Rutty, in his Natural History of the County Dublin, wrote about what he called the ventilation of Dublin. He explained that the city lies in a valley between a lofty range of mountains on the south and a high tableland on the north. This causes a thorough draught, he said, but the advantage lies with the north side, where the land rises only gently and lets the foul air escape. A gentle breeze from the east is not sufficient to disperse the smoke and vapours of the city, he wrote. Anyone who takes a walk to Finglas, or any more elevated place north of the city, in such weather, will see a large cloud hanging over it.

50. Earl of Chesterfield's Phoenix Column

    Phoenix Park · electoral division · Dublin · 1745–1747

    During his viceroyalty, the Earl of Chesterfield ornamentally planted and laid out the Park, constructed the Main Road, and erected the Phoenix column at his own expense between 1745-7.

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    ordered this wild and uncultivated land to be ornamented

    for the pleasure of the citizens. Philip Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, Lord Lieutenant,

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 179

    As the companion tells it

    As you travel through Phoenix Park, you are moving through ground that Philip Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, ordered to be ornamented

51. Human bones found near Howth railway station

    Howth · townland · Dublin

    Discoveries of human bones, antique weapons and armour have been made from time to time during excavations near the railway station, seen as corroboration of the vague tradition of the battle of Evora.

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    A vague tradition of this battle seems to have lingered inthe neighbourhood, and is to some extent corroborated by the discoveries of human bones, ant-que weapons and armour, which from time to time have been made during excavations for building purposes in the vicinity ot the railway station-

    The most interesting object in the town, from an antiquarian point of view, is the Abbey, situated on the lieights overhanging the harbour, with its burial ground, surrounded by an embattled wall. In the south aisle is the tomb of Christopher, twentieth lord uf Howth, who died in 1589, and of his wife

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 143

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, near Howth, human bones have turned up over the years during excavations for building near the railway station. Antique weapons and armour came with them. These discoveries seem to confirm a vague tradition of a battle that lingered in the neighbourhood, what the record calls the battle of Evora. Details of that fight are scant. What survived was not the tale itself but what lay under the ground, unearthed from time to time as the digging went on.

52. Loftus's unlawful felling of Drimnagh woods

    Drimnagh Castle · castle · Dublin

    Sir Adam Loftus, nephew of Archbishop Loftus, cut down some of the woods around Drimnagh contrary to his lease covenant, prompting the King's disapproval after a complaint by owner Peter Barnewall.

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    Tn 1 215 Drimnagh with its lands came into possession of the great Anglo-Norman family of Barnewall by a grant from King John, and was held by them for about 200 years, when it was leased to Sir Adam Loftus, nephew of Archbishop Loftus, who built Rathfarnham Castle. It is recorded that Loftus cut down some of the woods around Drimnagh, contrary to the covenant in the lease, and that the King expressed his disapprobation thereat upon complaint being made to him by the owner, Peter Barnewall.

    In 1649, immediately before the Battle of Rathmines, the Marquess of Ormonde was about to occupy and fortify this castle in pursuance of his operations against the ParHamentarians who held the city, but was ultimately dissuaded from the project by his principal oflicers. Leaving Drimnagh and turning back a few paces along the road towards town, we turn to the right along a road, which, in conjunction with that passing through Dolphin's Barn, formed the ancient highway to Tallaght for hundreds of years before the construction, in the early part of last century, of the more direct route, from the southern side, through Terenure and Templcogue. A xrross-roads is presently passed, after which a long ascent commences, and the road at length attains a height of over 200 feet, affording a comprehensive view of the flat country to the north and west. Up to about twenty-liA e

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 94

    As the companion tells it

    This is Drimnagh Castle, where Sir Adam Loftus cut down woods he had no right to touch. Drimnagh and its lands came into the possession of the great Anglo-Norman family of Barnewall by a grant from King John. The Barnewalls held the property for about 200 years, when it was leased to Sir Adam Loftus, nephew of Archbishop Loftus, the same man who built Rathfarnham Castle. It is recorded that Loftus cut down some of the woods around Drimnagh, contrary to the covenant in the lease. When the owner, Peter Barnewall, complained to the King about this, the King expressed his disapprobation at what Loftus had done. In 1649, immediately before the Battle of Rathmines, the Marquess of Ormonde was about to occupy and fortify this castle in pursuance of his operations against the Parliamentarians who held the city. He was ultimately dissuaded from the project by his principal officers. Near the castle, a road that passed through Dolphin's Barn formed the ancient highway to Tallaght for hundreds of years, before a more direct route was built through Terenure and Templeogue in the early part of the last century.

53. Nutgrove School and Rathfarnham Castle dower house

    Nutgrove · site · Limerick · 1802

    The schoolhouse at 'The Ponds', established 1802 as Nutgrove School, was formerly the dower house of Rathfarnham Castle. Its grounds are now used as a flower farm, and a tree in the old playground bears carved names and initials of former scholars.

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    ATHFARNHAM has been selected as the starting point for this excursion on account of the facility with which it can be reached by tram from nearly all parts of the city and suburbs, but Dundrum is a more direct route, and, for those residing near the railway, will be found more convenient. Those who make Dundrum their starting point should \valk thence to Tiknock cross-roads, from which they should follow the route described further on in this chapter. Having reached Rathfarnham, we turn to the left at the end of the village street, passing in succession the neAV Catholic chureh and the dilapidated locality known as "The Ponds," where a large square-framed gateway stood until last year, bearing the inscription " Nutgrove School, Established 1802," and leading into a pretty avenue shaded by a row of tall trees. The schoolhouse was in former times the dower house of Rathfarnham Castle, and its grounds are now utilised as a flower farm. In the old playground is a tree, on the trunk of which are carved the names and initials of many of the former scholars. The road turning to the right at the Ponds, passes the extensive buildings of the Loreto Convent, the central portion of which was a residence of Mr. Grierson, King's printer at the time of the Union. Nearly opposite is the row of dwellings called St. Patrick's Cottages, recently erected by the district council, and forming v/ith the new terrace behind them on the Whitechurch road, a considerable addition to the old village of Willbrook. Beyond this point the road is enclosed between

    walls, and presently ascends past the grounds of " Hermitage "

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 64

    As the companion tells it

    This is Nutgrove School, established in 1802, at the locality known as The Ponds in Rathfarnham. Having reached Rathfarnham, you turn left at the end of the village street, passing in succession the new Catholic church and the dilapidated locality known as The Ponds, where until recently a large square-framed gateway stood, bearing the inscription "Nutgrove School, Established 1802," and leading into a pretty avenue shaded by a row of tall trees. The schoolhouse was in former times the dower house of Rathfarnham Castle, and its grounds are now used as a flower farm. In the old playground is a tree, on the trunk of which are carved the names and initials of many of the former scholars. The road turning to the right at the Ponds passes the extensive buildings of Loreto Convent, the central portion of which was a residence of Mr. Grierson, King's printer at the time of the Union. Nearly opposite is the row of dwellings called St. Patrick's Cottages, recently erected by the district council, and forming with the new terrace behind them on the Whitechurch road a considerable addition to the old village of Willbrook. Beyond this point the road is enclosed between walls and presently ascends past the grounds of Hermitage.

54. Oldcourt: ancient farm residence mentioned in old inquisitions

    Oldcourt · townland · Dublin

    Oldcourt is a very ancient farm residence with remains of an old overgrown garden and an extensive quadrangle of out-offices, mentioned in numerous inquisitions and grants for hundreds of years, now falling into decay through being untenanted.

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    Following the devious course of this pretty country lane, in about three-quarters of a mile we reach a disused avenue on the right, opposite to which is the entrance to Oldcourt, a very ancient farm residence, with remains of an old garden, now overgrown and wild, and an extensive quadrangle of outoffices served by a water conduit taken from the adjoining stream. This house, which is mentioned in numerous inquisitions and grants for hundreds of years past, bears evidence of numerous alterations at diiferent periods, but being untenanted, is gradually falling into decay.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 60

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Oldcourt there's a very ancient farm residence of the same name. It still has the remains of an old garden, now overgrown and wild, and a wide quadrangle of out-offices fed by a water conduit drawn from the adjoining stream. The house is mentioned in numerous inquisitions and grants stretching back hundreds of years. It shows evidence of alterations made at different periods over that long life. But no one tenants it now, and so it is gradually falling into decay.

55. Origin of the name Roundtown for Terenure

    Terenure · townland · Dublin

    The village adjoining Rathgar, once called Roundtown after the circle of small cottages near the cross-roads, has in recent years been superseded by its ancient name Terenure.

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    Adjoining Rathgar is the village of Roundtown, the name of which has, in recent years, being almost entirely superseded by " Terenure," the ancient title of the locality. The name *' Roundtown " is of modern date, and evidently originated

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 85

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Terenure is a village once known as Roundtown, adjoining Rathgar. The name is of modern date, and evidently came from a circle of small cottages near the cross-roads. In recent years the ancient title of the locality, Terenure, has almost entirely superseded it.

56. Portmarnock's old mill dating back centuries

    Portmarnock · town · Dublin · 1663–1903

    The old mill of Portmarnock, unroofed and dilapidated by the storm of 1903, stood for hundreds of years, with records referencing it as far back as 1663 when it formed part of the Plunkett family property.

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    A short distance beyond the racecourse, the Mayne river flows out on the shore, which is here fringed by a dreary waste of salt marshes, the resort of numerous wild fowl in winter. We next come in view of the old mill of Portmarnock, a \vellknown landmark, unroofed and much dilapidated by the storm of 1903. A mill stood here for hundreds of years past,

    278 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN .

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 126

    As the companion tells it

    Portmarnock was long marked by its old mill, a well-known landmark for travellers along this shore. The Mayne river flows out nearby, through salt marshes where wild fowl gather in winter. The mill stood for hundreds of years, part of the Plunkett family property as far back as 1663. The storm of 1903 unroofed it and left it much dilapidated.

57. Queen Victoria Jubilee monument on Bray Head summit

    near Bray Head · promontory · Wicklow · 1887–1897

    A small monument stands on the summit of Bray Head, erected to commemorate the Jubilee of Queen Victoria.

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    the Sugar Loaves, with the long open valley of Glencree, Not far off is Bray Head summit, on which stands a small monument, erected to commemorate the Jubilee of the late Queen Victoria.

    Continuing the ascent, we arrive at a high ledge, ^vhere we imexpectedly come into view of the entire coast as far as Wicklow Head, readily identified by its three lighthouses, while on the curve of the coastline may be dimly discerned the town of Wicklow. From this point the pathway begins to descend, considerable portions being practicable for cycles, and we presently enter another pine plantation, ultimately reaching the exit on the main road, where the key of the gate can be obtained at the adjoining lodge.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 46

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Bray Head, on the summit, a small monument stands. It was erected to commemorate the Jubilee of Queen Victoria. The late queen's jubilee would place it in the years around 1887 to 1897. The monument is small, and the summit where it stands is near the Sugar Loaves and the long open valley of Glencree. From the high ledge nearby, the entire coast comes into view as far as Wicklow Head, with its three lighthouses, and the town of Wicklow can be dimly discerned on the curve of the coastline.

58. Saggart's blackberry tradition

    Saggart · town · Dublin

    Saggart was at one time famed for its blackberries, giving rise to an old local saying about going to Saggart to pick blackberries.

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    Saggart was at one time famed for its blackberries, and there Avas an old saying current in the district, " To go to Saggart " to pick blackberries."

    228 THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 108

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Saggart, you are travelling through a town once famed for its blackberries. There was an old saying current in the district: "To go to Saggart to pick blackberries." That saying is what remains of the tradition in the record.

59. St. Brigid's holy well at Castleknock church

    Castleknock · townland · Dublin

    Adjoining the church at Castleknock is a holy well dedicated to St. Brigid, the patron saint of the parish.

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    old tradition avers there is a spring well innocuous to human beings, but poisonous to all the lower animals. No information is now available as to its position, and it remains for some investigator to achieve the fame of its re-discovery by experiment. Adjoining the church is a holy well dedicated to St. Brigid, the patron saint of the parish. A short distance to the north-east of the castle is a vein of lead ore, where a mine was opened in 1744 by a Mr. Edward Ford.

    A mile beyond Castleknock is Blanchardstown, near which the road crosses the Midland Railway and the Royal Canal by a high bridge affording extended views along the grden banks of the Tolka, Three hundred years ago there was a

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 181

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Castleknock, adjoining the church, there is a holy well dedicated to St. Brigid, the patron saint of the parish. An old tradition also speaks of a spring well somewhere in this area that was said to be harmless to human beings but poisonous to all lower animals. Its position is no longer known, and the book says it remains for some investigator to achieve the fame of its re-discovery by experiment.

60. Ruined church at Old Connaught

    near Old Connaught · population centre · Dublin

    In the village of Old Connaught stands the ruin of an ancient church, overgrown with ivy and elder trees, the true name of the locality being Old Conna.

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    LEAVING Bray Station, we walk up the Quinsborough _j Road, cross Bray bridge into Little Bray, and after about half a mile, turn up the road on the left, presently entering the village of Old Connaught, where may be seen the ruin of an ancient church overgrown with ivy and elder trees. The name of the locality is properly Old Conna, but the only instance in which this form has been preserved is the name, Old Conna Hill, a modern residence about three-quarters of a mile to the north of the village.

    Early in the i6th century the lands of Old Connaught came into possession of the Walsh family of Shanganagh, who maintained a residence on the site of the present Old Connaught House until after the Treaty of Limerick, when they finally severed their connection with the locality and went abroad.

    Internet Archive neighborhoodofdu00joyc, Chapter 37

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Old Connaught, a village the road passes through near Dublin. The ruin of an ancient church stands here, overgrown with ivy and elder trees. The true name of the locality is Old Conna, a form preserved only in the name Old Conna Hill, a residence north of the village. In the early 16th century the lands came into the possession of the Walsh family of Shanganagh, who kept a residence here until after the Treaty of Limerick, when they severed their connection with the place and went abroad.