Name: Notes and records of the ancient religious foundations, at Youghal Co. Cork, and its vicinity
Author: Samuel Hayman

Gerald, 16th Earl of Desmond sacks Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1570

Gerald, sixteenth Earl of Desmond, captured Youghal in 1570 during a rebellion. His soldiers plundered the town and Collegiate Church, stabling horses in the church, ruining the College, defacing founders' tombs, and destroying ancient effigies.

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soldiery employed themselves in plunder and demolition. They did not spare even the buildino-s consecrated to relig'ion, but polluted and defiled whatever was deemed sacred in them, destroying: the vestments, chalices, and other furniture. They ruined the College, and stabled their horses in the CoUeg-iate Church — a sacrileg'ious proceeding", which, according" to Irish histoi'ians, drew down upon Desmoid the signal veng-eance of heaven. The rebellious townsmen, emulating" them in impiety, herded their cows within the consecrated walls. At this time, the South Transept was grreatly injured, and the tomb of the Founders defaced ; the Choir was unroofed and desolated ; the side-chapels were destroyed ; and many ancient ethgues and epitaphs perished.

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Judicial investigation of Earl of Cork's possession of Youghal College

Youghal · town · Cork · 1633

In 1633, the High Court of Castle Chamber in Dublin investigated how the Earl of Cork had obtained possession of the College of Youghal and its revenues, valued at £800 per year. The Attorney General charged that the Earl had acquired the College for £28 from William Jones, who held it for Sir Walter Raleigh, and had improperly retained its seal, charter, and revenues.

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1633. — This House, and the manner of the EarL OF Cork's obtaining it, were made the subject of judicial investigation in tlie High Court of Castle- Chamber, Dublin, by direction of Lord Wentworth (afterwards Earl of Strafford) the Lord Deputy. Tlie Attorney General, Sir William Reeves, apjjcared as prosecutor for tlie Crown, and indicated the Earl of Cork for procuring and kcejnng illegal possession of The College of Youghal and its revenues; and he charged at the same time the Earl's kinsmen, the Bishops of Cork and Waterford, with aiding and abetting him in this evil purpose. The indictment set forth. That the Earl of Cork had for £28 gotten possession of the College from William Jones, who held it for Sir Walter Raleioh. That he had prevailed on his relation, Richard, Lord Bishop of Cork, to deliver up the seal, charter, and other records of the College to him (whieh lie still detained) and had procured a deed of conveyance from him of the College and its revenues. That not caring directly to take possession of them, he had sulfered the Bishop to continue warden, and two or tlirec persons as fellows, allowing them for the time a smtdl salary to supj)ort them ; but that he did not j)ermit tliem to live in the College House, which he used himself as a dwelling. That, when any vacancy liaj)pened, he prevented a new election, so that he had become in time invested with the patronage, wardenship, and sole right of the fellows. That he had discharged the ancient Collector of the College rents, and had for a small consideration obtained an assignment of the revenues from SlR James Fcllerton, who had only letters patent to possess concealed Church lands. That Michael, Lord Bisliop of Waterford and Lismore, Rorert Daw- BORNE, Dean of Lismore, and John Lancaster, clerk, who had been elected
Ii)e College of tjoi|g()^l. 67

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Sir Lawrence Parsons' House named after Recorder of Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1616

In 1616 Sir Lawrence Parsons, Knt., Attorney-General for the Province of Munster, was appointed Recorder of Youghal and took this house from the Earl of Cork as his residence, after which it was always known in legal documents as Sir Lawrence Parsons' House.

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In this old mansion the gallant soldier of fortune is said to have resided during the years 1588 and 1589, when, as the Corporate records inform us, he filled the o&ce of Chief Magistrate of the town. And here, in the latter year, he is said to have entertained Edmund Spenser the Poet, ere they embarked together at this Port for England, to superintend the publication of the first three books of the Faerie Queenc. In 1616 Sir Lawrence Parsons, Knt., Attorney-General for the Province of Munster, was appointed Recorder of Youghal, and took this house from the Earl of Cork for a residence. From liim it received the name, by which it has been always since mentioned in legal documents, Sir Lawrence Parsons' House. His grandson, Lawrence Parsons Esq. of Birr, conveved the house, 17 Jan, 1661, to Rorert Hedges Esq., of lieaconstown, county Ivildare, for a thousand years at a prpper-corn rent, in consideration of the sum of £13.), witli tlie rent reserved by the Earl of Cork of a new almanac yearly. William Hedges, afterwards Sir Willi a.m Hedges, son of the aforesaid Ron eut IIedgi:h, sold the house, 24 Feb. 1670, to John Atkin of Youghal, for the sum of £340; and tJie latter, by will dated 20 Oct. 170.5, demised the house to his grandson, John ILvvman, of the ancient Kentish and Somersetshire family of tliat name. The place continued the residence of this family until the death of Walter Atkin Havman Esq., f) June, 1816, when it was alienated. It is now the nropcrty and residence of J. W. PiM E.sq,, whose courtesy to visitors deserves all commendation.

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Ardmore demised to Raleigh then Boyle

Ardmore · town · Waterford · 1591–1604

Bishop Thomas Witherhead demised the manor, lordship, castle, town and lands of Ardmore to Sir Walter Raleigh for 101 years in 1591. Raleigh was ejected by Sir John Dowdall, and King James granted the manor to Sir Richard Boyle in 1604.

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Ardmore, being thus united with Lismore, must thenceforth be historically sought for in connection with that see. We find that Thomas Witherhead, Bishop of Waterford and Lismore, with the consent of the Dean and Chapter, by indenture dated 15 Jan., 1591, demised the manor, lordship, castle, town and lands of Ardmore for a tenn of 101 years to Sir Walter R.vleigh. Two years after this, Raleigh was ejected trom his tenure by SiR JOHX Dowdall, of Pilltown, knight ; and the latter continued in undisturbed possession until 10 May, 1004, when King James granted this manor to Sir Kichard Boyle, afterwards Earl of Cork, with power to take possession without suit, or else by law to recover the same.
" This House," says a pleasing writer, " subsisted till the Reformation, and some remains of it were in existence about a century ago ; bxit no traces are now visible. There are, however, some sewers and subterranean passages, which have been at times discovered but never thoroughly explored ; they appear to have communicated with the Church [Cathedral ?] In one of them was found, a few years ago, an ancient hatchet, Avith a long, slender handle, stuck fast between the stones of the subterranean wall. It was with no small indignation I learned that this relic of the olden times had been broken up to make nails." [Frazcr's Mofjazine, Sept. 1845, p. 293.]

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Boyle rebuilds decayed church of Youghal where cows were kept

Youghal · town · Cork · 1605–1608

By 1608, Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, claimed to have expended over £2,000 in re-building the Church and College of Youghal. A contemporary MS described how the great church had been so decayed that townsmen kept their cows there during the rebellion, and Boyle re-edified it and erected a new chapel, making it one of the finest churches in Ireland.

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" Imprimig, The Earl of Corke hath re-edified the great decayed church of Yogliall, wherein tlie townnmen in time of rebellion kept their cows, and hath erected u new chappel there in, and made it one of tlie fairest churches in Ireland."
The Earl of Cork was not one who, to judge from his True liemembranceSj was likely to allow his good deeds to be hidden under a bushel ; and these statements about his "re-edifying" and "erecting" at Youglial, we are constrained to receive with no little scepticism. They are contradicted by proofs yet existing in the Church itself, as well as by the stern voice of contemporaneous history. The Eahl could not liave "erected a new chai)per' at St. Mahy'.'*, for his own Transept — that, to which reference is made— preserves in all its details tlie exact architectural features of the original structure, reared four centuries before his time; nor was his "re-edifying" of the Clnircli of any general character, as we may easily discover by an examination of the several jwrtions of the edifice. We have al.so the testimony of his contemporaries, from which we sJiall otFer one j)roof, namely in reference to the Choir or Chancel. In 1641, the BiSHOi' op Cork and Boss (William Chai'I'El), u noble-minded and dishiterested prelate, add rested to tlio Haul of Cork a severe letter, yet extant, "charging liim witli having Htrij)ped the Vicars (.'horal, at»d left tlie Chnnc* 1 of Youglial, the revenues of whicli colleu"*- the P^MtL liad gotten into his ImndM, in a Htate of ruin." [rfuti luvlrn. I lib.. Vol. I., pp. 2-JO, 227, 2nd ed.J That this charge was ju«tly brouifht against him, so far at least as the Chancel wa^ concerned, is n4lmitted by the Eaul ok ('ork hiinttelf, in hiH making a pontiiu-

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Lady Honor FitzGerald presents silver-gilt shrine to Youghal Dominicans

Youghal · town · Cork · 1617

In 1617, Lady Honor FitzGerald of the Geraldine family presented the Dominicans of Youghal with a silver-gilt shrine for the image of the Madonna. The reliquary, about 4 inches high, bears an inscription in Roman letters praying for the soul of Honor FitzGerald (Jacob), of the Geraldines, who had it made in 1617.

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1617.— The Lady Honor FitzGerald of the Geraldine Family,* presented the Dominicans of Youghal, with a silver-g-ilt Shrine for the Image of the Madonna in their possession. This relique is about 4 inches in height, by 1 in width. Its sides are richly chased with floriated ornaments, and its sunnnit is surmounted by a Cross. It opens with two folding- doors which, thrown back, display the Imag'e within. The reverses of these doors bear a Crucifixion, and a ng-ure of a Saint in prayer, respectively. On the outside is this inscription in Roman lett«- : " orate . pro . anima . ONORIAE . riLiyE . lACORi . de.
GERALDINIS . QAE . ME . FIERI . FECIT . ANNO . DNI, 1617." *

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St. Anne's Light Tower demolished for new lighthouse, skeleton found

Youghal · town · Cork · 1848

In 1848 the ancient Anglo-Norman Light Tower of St. Anne's at Youghal harbour was demolished to make way for a new Harbour Light-House. A human skeleton was discovered deep in the clay between two rocks during removal of the foundations, but local tradition was silent on whether the burial predated the tower.

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In tlie Summer of 1848, when this interesting structure— i>€rhaps the onl^v Anplo-Xonnan Lijrht Tower which reached our own day— was taken down, it had fallen|into trrcat decay. Tlie roof had perished at a })eriod so distant tliat no one living- rcmemhered^rit," and the weather had for centuries wasted its stren«,''th upoJi tiie crumbUng' walls. The stairs Avithin were so broken, that ascent to the top was difficult ; and a portion of the summit of the Tower on the South side had fallen in. In removing" the foundations a human skeleton was found, deep in the clay between two rocks ; but we have not been al)le to a.scertain whether the remains api)eared to have been decently buried or hurriedly packed tojjether, nor whether the Tower was built across them (in which case, tJie burial would have ante-dated the buildinj^,) or they laid within it. Local tradition is silent on the subject. At the time of demolition of the Tower, there was a straw-thatched cottag'e, connected with it on the West, or landside ; and the rere-wall of this house, (which Jiung directly over a steep liilly passage to the beach, still existing-), was perhaps a frapnentof the Xunnery, or was built — for the stones were old and time-worn — with the materials of the ruin. The lane itself is, no doubt, of remotest antiquity, and was often trodden by the seamen and traffickei*s in ag-es past. Our drawing' was made, about mid-way down this pass;i<;:e.
The Light Tcwer n{ Saint Anne'«, Touftlia:

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St. Declan's Holy Well at Ardmore

near Ardmore · street · Cork

A holy well at the west end of the ruined church at Ardmore, believed to have been blessed by St. Declan and endowed with curative virtues. Country people bend a knee when drawing water from it.

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Our view accurately represents the Holy AVell, lookinj? to tlie West, " Tliere, in the western end of the outer wall, a little within the piers, do you see two spaces like small doorways, and two coarsely-cut re]>resentations of the Crucifixion above them? Look in! there is a clear, cool well of delicious water on a prravelly 1)0ttom ; and here, on a stone shelf within, stands a Avood« n cup for the use of i)iljrrims, and you may avail yourself of it. This well !•< a holy well, and called St. I)eclan*S ; it is believed to have Ix'en blessed by him, and endowed with some sanatory virtues. When the country jK'0])le draw water from it, they bend a knee before it. From the veneration in which it is held, and from its situation near the entrance of the Church, I conjecture it to have been used as a Haptistery." [Frazrr's Magazine, Sept. 184;"), p. 'JDC.]
The festival of St. DiiCLAN is kept, witli many superstitious observances, on the 24th of July, when multitudes resort to this Well, as well as the Saint'.-< burial place in the Oratory already described, and to a larpe boulder-stone lyintr among- the rocks on the beach, which is called by his nauie.

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As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Ardmore, there is a holy well that people still call St. Declan's. It sits at the western end of the outer wall of the ruined church, near the entrance. If you looked in through two spaces like small doorways, with two coarsely-cut representations of the Crucifixion above them, you would see a clear, cool well of delicious water on a gravelly bottom. On a stone shelf within stands a wooden cup for the use of pilgrims. The well is believed to have been blessed by St. Declan and endowed with curative virtues. When the country people draw water from it, they bend a knee before it. The writer who described it conjectured that, from the veneration in which it is held and from its situation near the entrance of the church, it may have been used as a baptistery. The festival of St. Declan is kept on the 24th of July, with many superstitious observances. On that day multitudes resort to this well, and also to the saint's burial place in the Oratory, and to a large boulder-stone lying among the rocks on the beach, which is called by his name.

St Mary's Church founded on Mary's Hill, Youghal (11th c.)

Youghal · town · Cork · 1000–1099

A church dedicated to the Virgin Mary was founded in the eleventh century on Knock-na-Mawnagh (Mary's Hill) in the northern part of Youghal. Earlier religious edifices likely preceded it on the same site, and the moulded circular entrance of the Norman church survives enclosed within the present tower.

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In the northern part of the town of Youg-hal, on the slope of a hill, then as now, called Knoc-na-Vawiagh (i.e. Mary's Hill), a Church dedicated to the ViRGix, was founded in the eleventh century. That earlier relig-ious edifices preceded the building on the same site, there is little doubt. Indeed, we mig-ht almost infer, from considering how important the sea -port at the mouth of the Blackwater had already become, that such was necessarily the case. Nor should we stumble at the fortuitous circumstance of our inability to trace, with certainty, the more ancient foundations. When churches Avould successively arise on the same spot, each exceeding its predecessor in size, it would happen that, in some ca.ses, the lesser building* would be incorporated with the larger so as to lose all its distinguishing features ; and, in others, would be wholly cleared away, in order that space might be obtained for the new structure. However this may be, we know that in the eleventh century Christianity received a great impulse in this neighboui'hood, and the small primitive oratories were for the most part rebuilt in the style of the period, the Hiberno- Romanesque, or Xorman. A large edifice was now erected at Youghal. In the doorway of the square massive Tower of the present building, enclosed between two pointed arches, is the moulded circular entrance of this Church, and on the right hand as you enter, the wreck of the base-mouldings belonging to the columns that supported it. From the drip to the ai'ch, and from the mouldings of the bases, we can easily tell that this door formed the South Entrance to the ancient Church, which lay east and west across the present site of the Tower. The foundations of the western wall were uncovered a few years since by workmen excavating for a vault, and wei'e found to lie about six feet to the west of the Tower. The visitor sees the time-worn stones of this portion of the destroyed building used again as materials in the lower half of the west side of the Tower, and will readily contrast them with the fresher stones in the upper portion and in the other three sides. But the most interesting fragment of the Nonnan church is preserved in the North Transept Aisle of the present building, which appears tx) have been formed out of part of the old, ruined Choir. It is a moulded, circular sepulchral arch, resting on two low moulded columns, with capitals and bases. Immediately near it, have been found more of the tapered tomb-flags, iwpularly called stone-coffin lids, than in any other part of the building. Most of these were monuments in the older church. Some two or three belong to the thirteenth century, and should be assigned to the present edifice. With a single exception, all our tapered tomb-flags were wilfully broken in pieces centuries ago; and the existence even of their fragments was unknown, until recent researches brought them to light. We shall describe these reliques, when we come to the Transept Aisle, where they are now deposited.

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Declan's Oratory (Dumh-liag) at Ardmore

Ardmore · town · Waterford · 514–1710

A small ancient oratory at Ardmore, believed to be where St. Declan ministered and was buried. The earth from an excavation in the S.E. angle, shown as Declan's grave, is superstitiously revered by the peasantry as a protection against disease.

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The Interior presents no feature of interest, save that a Inrpre ojicn excavation in the S.Ii. angle is shown as Dkci.an'k p-rave. The walls of this vault are of nuisonry, and the descent is by a few stejw. The earth taken from it (and which IS often put into it, that it may be consecrated by lying' there] is supi rstitiously reverenced by the peasantry, and is considered eifticacious in protecting* from disease.
^-j^

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Desmond sacks Youghal and spoils the College

Youghal · town · Cork · 1579

In December 1579, Gerald, sixteenth Earl of Desmond, who had rebelled against Queen Elizabeth, captured Youghal and occupied it for five days, giving it up to plunder. The College was among the edifices spoiled and well nigh demolished during the sack.

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1579. — Decem. Gerald, sixteenth Earl of Desmond, who had gone into open rebellion airainst Queen Elizabeth, captured the town of Youghal and occupied it for iive days. He gave up the place to plunder; and, with other edifices, the Colleore was spoiled and well nigh demolished.
1579-80.— IG Feb. The Chauntrie or Chapell of St. Saviour of Yoghall,^ with its members, and all structures, lands and hereditaments to the College of Yoghall belonging, in the town of Yoghall and countie of Corke, were granted to George Moore, gent., at 6s. Irish, per annum for ever. [Patent Rolls.]

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Friary bell buried in pier, Youghal tradition

Youghal · town · Cork

The bell of the Dominican Friary is said to lie buried within an angle of the ruined pier, in the grave of a former Parish Priest of Youghal. Local tradition holds that wonderful things shall happen when the bell is again hung aloft and rings out its chimes.

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Almost in the same spot a free-stone Effigy was found in 1847, w^hen the grave-digger was preparing- a grave for a person named Broderick. It was described to us as that of a Knight in armour, with a sword by his side. This interesting relique was placed at the bottom of the grave (where it lies at present,) and over it the coftin was laid. It is at least in safety, and may hereafter receive a better fate tlian a companion Effigj^, discovered here a few years t«ince, and some time after wilfully broken to pieces. The bell of the Friary is said to lie buried within an angle of the ruined pier, in the grave of a former Parish Priest of Youghal ; and wonderfid (say the people) are the things that shall happen, when again it is himg aloft in a belfry and ring's out its silvery chimes for the edification of the neighbourhood.
ITie religious building-, to which we shall next direct attention, although lying in the heart of the town has been passed over unnoticed by all previous writers. Archdall is silent about it, and Dr. Smith was ignorant of its existence. Our records are so mei^re, that we find it difticult to give any connected history of the Foundation ; but we shall put together all that can now be discovered concerning

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Money-diggers and evil spirits at Shannvine field

Youghal · town · Cork

Treasure seekers are said to frequently dig in the Shannvine field near the Franciscan and Dominican houses. Locals claim the diggers are often driven away by evil spirits appearing as fierce dogs or raging bulls.

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• Money -diKKPrs frpqnently search the Shannvine field, and meet with, it is »aid, occasional BurccMi. Hilt oft«'n, the i)eiu'»nntry aver, tl.cy are driren from their nightljr labours by evil spiriU in the shapes of Heroe do^ or raging bulls I
+ Tliis map is very curious. It is lottcrpd "IVovinrla Hil>ernBe Ordinis Ereniit:inini Sancti Aufoistini, F. August. LvBlx Ordinis Chonxn-aph. delln. et sculp. Cum PriuUitio Regis Chr. Paris 1659." Lubin's work, the Orbit Aii{t»«tinianut, is in the British Museum.

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Deaths during demolition of St. Dominic's Monastery, Youghal (1587)

Youghal · town · Cork · 1587

In 1587, an Englishman named Poer, while demolishing the Monastery of St. Dominic in the northern part of Youghal, fell from the top of the church and broke all his limbs. Three soldiers who had cast down and thrown the Sacred Cross into a fire also met with punishment, as recorded by Bishop Bourke.

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'*.\ certain Eng"lishman named POEI" [qu. Poer] while «1'-"' ""r the Monastery of St. Domimc, in the northern part of Voug"hall, \\ .•». top of the f-hureh and broke all his liuibs. Likewise, three wildiers »»; ,. " who had c.ist down and tlirown into the fire the Sacred Cross of that y, were
dead within « ig;ht days from the perpetration of their crime. . : died lyi

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Teampeul Deiscart: Cliff-Edge Church Ruins at Ardmore

near Ardmore · street · Cork · 1203

The ruins of Teampeul Deiscart, or Church of the South, stand on a steep precipitous cliff overhanging the ocean at Ardmore. The ecclesiastical details belong to the thirteenth century, and the founder may have been Mael-Isu O'Dunlainn, Bishop of Ardmore, who died in 1203 having erected a church on the site.

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FeAV situations could be inon- romantically chosen for a ])lace of worshij), than that of the Tcampul iJcifcart, or (.'hurcii of The South, at Ardmore. A steep, j)refii)itous clilf, overhanging llie Ocean, is its nestliiig-ijlaee; and just on the verge ot the frightful chasm stand the grey, Aveather-bleiiehed ruins of th( old Church. The eccleKJunfical details l)elong to the thirte<'nth century, and we a^k. May not the Founder have been MoKL-KTTiii.M O'D'iim i:-itATHirv, Ilishop of Ardmorr*, who, an we have before seen (])au-e 7.), died in 1203, hiiving <'ree(«'(l a r'hiirch in thin place ? There are now stiinding th<' Went gable Avitli portions of tlie South side-wall. The Ea«t gable Avaa blown down by a Htonn about thirty
10

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As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Ardmore, the ruins of Teampeul Deiscart, the Church of the South, stand on a steep precipitous cliff overhanging the ocean, right on the verge of the chasm. The grey, weather-bleached old church has ecclesiastical details belonging to the thirteenth century. The founder may have been Mael-Isu O'Dunlainn, Bishop of Ardmore, who died in 1203 having erected a church in this place. What stands now is the west gable with portions of the south side-wall. The east gable was blown down by a storm about thirty years ago.

Danish devastation of Dairinis

Durnish · townland · Limerick · 819–822

The island of Dairinis was repeatedly attacked and desolated by the Danes during the early 9th century.

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819. — The island of Dair-Inis was desolated by the Danes, [Four Masters.] 822. — Dair-Inis, was ag*ain wasted by the Danes. [Annals of Innisfallen.] 829.— Subneus, the son of Farnech, Abbot of this house, was ajjpointed Abbot of Armag-h, but died two months after and was there buried. [Trias Thau. p. 295. 0'Fl.viierty's correction.]
848.— A victory was g-ained by Tigernach over the Danes of Dair-Inis, and 1200 of the invaders were slain. [Annals Ulster, p. 219.]

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Boyle secures perpetual lease for jointure, rebuilds ruined College, 1605

Youghal · town · Cork · 1605

Sir Richard Boyle obtained a fee-farm lease of the College revenues to settle on Katherine Fenton as jointure, and expended £2000 rebuilding the Church and College House, which had been nearly ruined by Desmond's rebellion.

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1605.— 8 April. Sir Richard Boyle, being in treaty with Sir Geoffry Fenton respectin"- a marriage with his daughter Katherine (p. 26), and finding that the lady insisted particularly on having the revenues of this House settled on her for a jointure, obtained a lease from the warden and fellows in fee-farm for ever,* paying the warden and his successors the sujn of 20 marks yearly. The reason Sir Richard Boyle gives t for his procuring this deed was, that Sir Geoffry's counsel were of opinion, that as his best title to the revenues was from the lease granted by Baxter to Sir Thomas Norris and the renewal of it to Jones, the settlement would not be so valuable, unless he procured a new lease of it for ever. And this he the readier gained, not only as his kinsman was then warden, buta-she liad 40 years of the old lease granted to Jones, unexpired. Besides, both the Church and College House were almost in ruins, occasioned by Desmond's rebellion ; these he engaged to repair, and he actually expended £2000 in rebuilding them. [Smith's Cork, Vol. I. pp, ^^\ 87.]
1600-10.— 8 March. Grant to Donogh, Earl of Thomond. The College, or tenement witliin the walls of Yogliall, called The New College of the B. V. Mary of Yoghall, with all it« hereditaments. [Calendar of Pat. Rolls, p. 157.]

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Earl of Cork's Fortification and Death at Youghal College

Youghal · town · Cork · 1641–1643

During the 1641 rebellion, the Earl of Cork took up residence at the College in Youghal and strongly fortified it, building five circular turrets. He died within the walls of the College in September 1643.

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1 041. --2.3 Oct. The Great Rebellion broke out; and the Earl of Cohk, beinf^ ordered by the Lord Deputy of Mun.ster to maintain Youg-hal in person, took up his residence at the Colleg-e, whicli he strontrly fortified. lie also built five circular turrets at the ang-les of the park, and raised platforms of earth on which he placed ordnance to command tlie town and liarbour. Several interesting letters, written by him from the belea^i-ured town, are printed with the State Letters of his son, Lord Orrery ; and his Diary, full or minute records of pa^ssinpf events is preserved, it is understood, at Lismore. Here he closed his eventful career, dyinpf within the walls of tlie College, 15 Sept. 1G43.
1053-54.— Richard, second Earl of Cork, at this time resided here. Some curious allusioTis to the state which he maintained, are pivcn in Walter Gos- TELOW's Charles Sttiart and Oliver Cromwell, pp. 100, 101. liOndon : lO-jo.

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Fatal ceiling accident at Youghal church, 1784

Youghal · town · Cork · 1784

The ancient painted ceiling of the nave of St Mary's Collegiate Church, Youghal, decayed from moisture admitted through defective slating. An accident causing the death of an individual prompted the parish to replace the ceiling in 1784 with a compass ceiling erected by Mr. William Meade.

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The view of the Interior, even in its present encumbered state, is imposing and picturesque. The eye traverses the long avenue of piers and pointed arches, which, steeped in dim religious light, stretch out their heavy grandeur on either side, until it reaches the high moulded Choir Arch, with its clustered columns. But the present semi-circular covering of lath and plaster is a sorry substitute for the grand painted ceilings, which, just seventy years since, overspread the Nave as well as South Transept. The ancient ceiling of the Nave was of seven sides. It was boarded to the rafters, painted in colors, and spx'inkled over with gilt stars. The defective slating of the roof for some j^cars admitted moisture, from which the boarding decayed ; and an accident, causing the death of an individual, having taken place, the parish resolved on making a new ceiling. At a Vestrj', held 13 April 1784, a sum of £00 was ordered to lie levied for this purpose ( Vestry Book, pp. 2.38, 259) ; and, in the course of that year, Mr. William Mkade erected the present com])ass ceiling and deep mortar cornice, the painted boards of tlie old ceiling becoming his property. The original rafters however are safe, tliough consigned to obscurity. They are of old Irish oak, eight to ten inches square, and stand eighteen inches asunder, each pair being formed as a principal. The taking down of the plaster ceiling of 1784 would not only expose to view this noble Gothic timber roof, but would give an extra height of seven or eight feet to the interior, and would add materially to its beauty. The side walls of the Nave are pierced with a row of six lofty pointed arches, resting on square chamfereil piers. These, owing to the large stair-turret at tlie N.E. angle, do not exactly face each otlicr. The jambs are of wrouglit sand-stone, but are plastered over. An inexpensive addition to the improvement of the Cliurch may be made, at any time, by uncovering and cleaning them. Galleries, erected at diftVrent periods during the last century, in violation of anhitcctuml propriety and to tlw gnat detriment of the light and ventilation of tlie building, fill up all the arches save thofw; opening on the transepts. They were built l)y ])crmiHsion of Vi'stry. Witl> the grant of tlie arch was gencralfy made an order, tluit a window sliould be opened in the roof above, to remedy the evil of the contemjtlated eneumbrance. Tlic Burgeswes' Gallery, or statc-])ew of the flafe) Cori>oriition, ap))ear8 to have \)ov.n the earliest erectecl, and to have established the bad nreeedi-nt. In the wall bemdc it Vi an aiiticjue " rest" for the sword, which the Mayor, by

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Knight's effigy discovered in Friary graveyard, 1847

Youghal · town · Cork · 1847

In 1847, while digging a grave for a person named Broderick in the Dominican Friary grounds, a free-stone effigy of a Knight in armour with a sword was discovered. It was placed at the bottom of the grave and the coffin laid over it, where it still lies.

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Almost in the same spot a free-stone Effigy was found in 1847, w^hen the grave-digger was preparing- a grave for a person named Broderick. It was described to us as that of a Knight in armour, with a sword by his side. This interesting relique was placed at the bottom of the grave (where it lies at present,) and over it the coftin was laid. It is at least in safety, and may hereafter receive a better fate tlian a companion Effigj^, discovered here a few years t«ince, and some time after wilfully broken to pieces. The bell of the Friary is said to lie buried within an angle of the ruined pier, in the grave of a former Parish Priest of Youghal ; and wonderfid (say the people) are the things that shall happen, when again it is himg aloft in a belfry and ring's out its silvery chimes for the edification of the neighbourhood.
ITie religious building-, to which we shall next direct attention, although lying in the heart of the town has been passed over unnoticed by all previous writers. Archdall is silent about it, and Dr. Smith was ignorant of its existence. Our records are so mei^re, that we find it difticult to give any connected history of the Foundation ; but we shall put together all that can now be discovered concerning

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Spenser entertained at Youghal mansion before sailing to England

Youghal · town · Cork · 1589

A gallant soldier of fortune who served as Chief Magistrate of Youghal in 1588–1589 is said to have entertained Edmund Spenser the Poet at his mansion before they embarked together at the port for England to superintend publication of the first three books of the Faerie Queene.

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In this old mansion the gallant soldier of fortune is said to have resided during the years 1588 and 1589, when, as the Corporate records inform us, he filled the o&ce of Chief Magistrate of the town. And here, in the latter year, he is said to have entertained Edmund Spenser the Poet, ere they embarked together at this Port for England, to superintend the publication of the first three books of the Faerie Queenc. In 1616 Sir Lawrence Parsons, Knt., Attorney-General for the Province of Munster, was appointed Recorder of Youghal, and took this house from the Earl of Cork for a residence. From liim it received the name, by which it has been always since mentioned in legal documents, Sir Lawrence Parsons' House. His grandson, Lawrence Parsons Esq. of Birr, conveved the house, 17 Jan, 1661, to Rorert Hedges Esq., of lieaconstown, county Ivildare, for a thousand years at a prpper-corn rent, in consideration of the sum of £13.), witli tlie rent reserved by the Earl of Cork of a new almanac yearly. William Hedges, afterwards Sir Willi a.m Hedges, son of the aforesaid Ron eut IIedgi:h, sold the house, 24 Feb. 1670, to John Atkin of Youghal, for the sum of £340; and tJie latter, by will dated 20 Oct. 170.5, demised the house to his grandson, John ILvvman, of the ancient Kentish and Somersetshire family of tliat name. The place continued the residence of this family until the death of Walter Atkin Havman Esq., f) June, 1816, when it was alienated. It is now the nropcrty and residence of J. W. PiM E.sq,, whose courtesy to visitors deserves all commendation.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

St. Declan's festival and pilgrimages at Ardmore

near Ardmore · street · Cork

The festival of St. Declan is kept on July 24th with many superstitious observances. Multitudes resort to the holy well, the saint's burial place in the Oratory, and a large boulder-stone on the beach called by his name.

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The festival of St. DiiCLAN is kept, witli many superstitious observances, on the 24th of July, when multitudes resort to this Well, as well as the Saint'.-< burial place in the Oratory already described, and to a larpe boulder-stone lyintr among- the rocks on the beach, which is called by his nauie.
The extension of Christianity in our Isle could not have materially differed, in sj'stem, from what would be ])ursued in a heathen land at the present day. The Missionary would, perha])s, fii-st establish himself near the sea-shore, not far from the landin;r-])lace, wlicrc he had quittotl his ship; for the country.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Ardmore, the festival of St. Declan is kept on the 24th of July, with many superstitious observances. Multitudes resort to the holy well, and to the saint's burial place in the Oratory, and to a large boulder-stone lying among the rocks on the beach, which is called by his name. The extension of Christianity in our isle could not have materially differed in system from what would be pursued in a heathen land at the present day. The missionary would perhaps first establish himself near the sea-shore, not far from the landing-place where he had quitted his ship.

Subterranean passages and lost hatchet at Ardmore

Ardmore · town · Waterford

Subterranean passages communicating with the cathedral at Ardmore have been discovered at times but never thoroughly explored. An ancient hatchet with a long slender handle was found stuck in the wall of one passage but was broken up to make nails.

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" This House," says a pleasing writer, " subsisted till the Reformation, and some remains of it were in existence about a century ago ; bxit no traces are now visible. There are, however, some sewers and subterranean passages, which have been at times discovered but never thoroughly explored ; they appear to have communicated with the Church [Cathedral ?] In one of them was found, a few years ago, an ancient hatchet, Avith a long, slender handle, stuck fast between the stones of the subterranean wall. It was with no small indignation I learned that this relic of the olden times had been broken up to make nails." [Frazcr's Mofjazine, Sept. 1845, p. 293.]
The site of the Monastery is occupied by a Farm-house, adjoining the ancient Cathedral, but on the opposite side of the road. Let us now return to tlie burial ground, and examine the building so fraught with interesting reminiscences, where also we shall find several memorials of tlie olden Abbots and Bishops :

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

14th-century improvements to St. Mary's in Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1300–1399

During the 14th century, the De Clare family oversaw extensive improvements to St. Mary's Church in Youghal. The Choir was built in the Decorated English style, a decorated doorway and baptismal font were added to the Nave, and the aisle walls were raised and pierced with new windows.

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Nicholas de Cler, who, when the former taxation was made, enjoyed the wealthy rectory of Y'oiighal, was of the Norman house of IIi:UTi'onD; and at this period his Family owned the town, and presented to the living:. A Post Mortem Inquisition made, in 1320, into the estate of Thomas Fit/Rich All D Di: Clare, found him seized of" Yoyhrll villa cjrtcnf." and ^^Yoghell ccchsia, ciivi capclla." To the De Clauks, perhaps, and not to the Geuallunes, we should attribute the extensive improvements which St. Mary's underwent at this time. Tiie style called Decorated I'^ng-lish prevailed throug-hout the fourteenth century; and in this style was now erected that portion of the church, which has for five centuries rivetted the beholder's gaze — the present Choir. The Nave also received its share of ornament. A beautiful decorated doorway was inserted in it.s g-able ; and, just witliin that entnince, as fit companion with it, a baptismal Font in the same g^mccful style was now erected. Tlie g-ables of the Aisles, particularly on the S. side, were lifted up, the side-walls were considerably raised and were pierced witli new windows, and the Aisles became lipfhtsomo and spacious. Tlicse marked improvements were, in all probability, only jjradually etlected ; and as we have preserved to us in the Calendar of the Rolls, the names of some of the incumbents of this century', we may find in them the very individuals, who personally superintended the alterations. .F(iH\ DE TrxsTALL was rector in 1347 ; John Dhax, in 1384 ; John Hint, in 1380 ; and John Tanner, in 1300. The living was now presented to by the Crown.

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Cromwell's Council Chamber mansion in Glory Lane, Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1649–1839

A mansion in present-day Glory Lane, Youghal, featured a sharp-shouldered chamfered doorway, massive oak staircase, and elaborately carved oak mantel-pieces. The front room was traditionally identified as Cromwell's Council Chamber, with a stucco-work ceiling depicting animals and grotesque emblematical devices. The mansion was taken down about 1839.

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stories. The sqnarp-lionded chamfered doorwny, now built up, may be found in the present Glory Lane (perhaps P(j called from the hymns and chaunts of the monks.) On entcriu;?, a broad mashive oak stair-case conducted to two state apartments on the first floor. Tliey were wainscot ted in oak, and hud dark oak mantel-pieces, elaborately carved, rising- to the full lieig-ht of their ornamented ceilinjjs. The front-room was the handsomer of the two, and wns snid to have been Cromwkll's Council C'hamber. Its ceilinp was of r:M-' d '•tuccowork, containinc: representations of ditferent sorts of animals, ini with
gTotesnue emblematical devices. The timbers of the roof were ...., and

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Sculptured west gable of Ardmore Cathedral

Ardmore · town · Waterford · 1000–1100

The ruined west gable of Ardmore Cathedral presents elaborate sculptured niches depicting the Tree of Life with the serpent, Adam and Eve, the conversion of the pagan prince of the Deisi, the Judgment of Solomon, the Virgin and Child, and the Magi. A continuous series of seventeen circular-headed niches above likely refers to the early Christianizing of Ardmore.

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The ruined West gable pre«ents a series of sculptured niclicH of eljil>orate design and execution. About six feet from the ground are two large Hcmi-circular coni])aitmentH, < ndosed in a moulded htring-eourse. In tliat to the North are tliree arched nicheH ; tlie central one containing a ^cldptu^' rejiresentiiig the Tree of Life, with the ser]ieut coiled around the trunk, and
Adam and Evi: standin;^'" at either side. The rijjrlit liand niclie of tliis compartment commemorates the couvHrsioii of tlie Pairnii Prince of the Deisi, who with his si)ear couclied and restin.u- on his .slioiUder, bows liimself before tJie Christian Missionary. The left liand niche contains an ox, or cow. The southern compartment is yet more elaborately filled. At the top is the Judgment of Solomon, beneath which are six niches, tliat to the extreme left bein^r square-headed, and all the rest circular. In the square niche is a cow or sheep, raised on a pedestal ; in the next, the Virg'in and Child ; and in the remainin;,'- four, the Maffi with their offering's. Above these ^-rand compartments, stretcbes a continuous series of seventeen circular-headed niches, divided from each otbcr by ijlain pilasters. Of these, the central niche is immediately beneath the window of the gable, and once contained the Crucifixion, which Im^ fallen down. The others display various human figures, sometimes a siu'i'le one in a niche, and sometimes two or even three. AV'hat may be intended by tliis sculptured history we are left to conjecture ; but ])robably it refers to the early ChnstianiziuL;' of Ardmore by Declan and his successors.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Devonshire Arms Hotel built over Franciscan Friary remains

Youghal · town · Cork · 1829

In 1829 the Devonshire Arms Hotel was built at Youghal, and the surviving remnants of the Franciscan Friary were wholly removed, with many curious tombs destroyed and the cemetery largely converted into gardens.

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18'Jt). — The Devonshire Arms Hotel was built this year, and such remnants of the Franciscan Friary as had survived the erection of the Chapel of Ease in 1817, were now wholly removed, and many curious tombs were destroyed, the coemetery being for the most pait thrown into gardens.
1882.— A Convent for Nuns of the Presentation Order was founded this year, a little to the South of the Chapel of Ease, on a portion of tiie grounds of this Friary. A wing of this building forms a large Female School, fronting the public street. The foundation of the School-House was excavated in a fine dense sand, which preserved in a remarkable manner traces of ancient burials. Numberless nneoffined human bodies were found to have been interred here, and lay in various attitudes, some prone on their faces, some half-doubled together, some packed in nuusses like the slain of a battle-field. The sand had acted like a mould; and, while naught remained within its clasp but bones and dust, the full outlines of the luibroken human form were in nuiny instances perfectly discernible. The features of some of the Dead were taken as in a masque, even to the minutest lines of the eye-lids. It is much to be regretted, that no notes or drawings were made at the time by any qualifici ]ierson.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Drowning of infant Geoffry Boyle in the College well

Youghal · town · Cork · 1616

A well near the Town Walls at Youghal, now stopped up, was the site of the drowning of Geoffry, the third son of the Earl of Cork, at nine months of age. The well sat at the sunken base of a romantic high lichen-covered rock close to the Earl's Walk.

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house — an elaborately carved dark oak chimney-piece, of the Elizabethan period. It is composed of a number of g-rotesque carved trusses, rising- to the heig'ht of the ceiling- and dividing- the front into compartments, which are panelled and enriched and have circular heads, the upper part finishing in a carved cornice. A short time since, myi-tles g-rew luxuriantly on the southern front, reaching nearly to the eaves. In the upper g'rounds, close to the Town-Avalls, The Earl's "Walk, now moss-g-roAVTi all over, is pointed out; and close to it, at the south, is a romantic high lichen-covered rock with a spring of water at its sunken base. Here was the well, now stopped-up, in which Geoffry, the Earl of Cork's third son, was drowned when nine months old, 20 Jan. 1616. Further down, on the slope of the hill, are plainly visible the earth-works thrown up by the Earl, for the defence of the place, in 1641. The platform is still a commanding position, and notwithstanding the growth of the town beneath, and the tall houses which have sprung' up between the Colleg'e and the water's side, cannon placed here, could be brought to play upon any hostile shipping that entered the harbour. The views from this platform are fine and extensive.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Thirteenth-century religious foundation at Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1200–1300

A new religious building arose at Youghal at the beginning of the thirteenth century, founded by Richard Bennett and Ellis Barry, an Anglo-Norman couple whose memorial sits in the South Transept. Little is known about the founders beyond their distinguished family names.

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Nkarlv on the mmc Bite, a new and splendid pile arose in the conunenoementof the thirteenth century. The founders were RlCHARP BKNNhrrand El,r,is B.VHRV his wife, of whom (rtjive their memorial in the South Transept) wt* know nothing. Both names, however, are those of distinguinhed Anglo-Norman families, whose natriarcliH apjxar in the Battel Abbey Roll. ** IJovtT, or Bexet," writes the Chronicler, Joh.n Bromiton, " wan one of such perHonx u»
• Enlanjefl from an article in tin' " To|M)(fraphpr un<l (i«'iicalojfli.t ; F/lit«d by JuiiN Oouoil Nichols, F.S.A., London ami \»'wciu(tle."— Tart IX., March, l»47.

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Ancient religious house at Kilcoran near Youghal

Kilcoran · townland · Laois

About a mile south of Youghal in the townland of Seafield, a field called The Shanavine contains the site of an old religious house previously unnoticed by topographers. The ancient road to it preserves the name Kilcoran, the Church of Koran, a saint whose festival falls on 9 February.

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About a mile outside Youghal, on the South, in the townland of Seafield and adjoining that of BallyclamaHv, is a little field called The Shanavine, which may be interpreted a.s either the Old Little Plain, or Tlie Old Asylum or Sanctuary, in Irish Sean-min, or Scan-mairjiii. As the field dins down, it forms with its neighbouring height, a small well-Mhcltcred gh^n, tnrough which u trickling streamlet finds its way. On the slopes of the Shunavine an old religious house was founded, of whicli hitherto no topographer has taken notice. The early mi-ssionaries chose the site, witli tlieir wontc.-d judgment. The view from it was beautiful. Tlie blue waters of Youghal l)ay formed tlu' jirospect in front, and were bounded on one side by the headhuulH ut the moulh of the " " . . ijjj ,jj
coiLsisted of a Nave and Choir. Near it, to the N., were residenc-cs of the brethren ; and on the S.V., almost at tlj<: v< ry walls ot flic churcli, wi"n h RpriiiLT-well in which many of the natives ))erha}m fotuid their IJiiptiHiery. T!ie road leading to thia mouaattry is one of the most ancient tljoroujjhfiires about

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Choir Arch reopened at Youghal church, 1726

Youghal · town · Cork · 1726

The pointed Choir Arch with clustered columns at the church in Youghal was filled with masonry until a vestry on 3 November 1726 resolved to open it out and remove a gallery. A semi-circular recess for the Communion Table was carried into the Choir, which still disfigures the church.

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The pointed Choir Arch, with its clustered columns, deserves the visitor's attention. Its dimensions are, height to apex 22 feet, width 17 feet. The columns are each O^ feet high, but have their bases hidden by the raised floor of the modem Communion Table recess. It would apijcar from the Vestry Book (p. 47.) that, until tlie year 1?26, this Arch was filled up with masonry ; a barbarism perpetrated, we su])pose, in consequence of the roofless state of the Choir, with the object of protecting- the rest of the building from the weather. At a Vestry, held 3 Xov., 1726, it was resolved to open out the Arch, to take away a gallery that extended across it at the height of the old Rood Screen, and to carry, about 11 feet into the Choir, a semi-circular recess for the Communion Table. This (pent-house shapen) enlarg-ement of the Nave was accordingly made, and still disfigures the Church. Six hassi-relievi arches, or compartments, of stucco adorn its sides. They were formerly emblazoned with the Creed, the Lord's Praj'er, and the Ten Commandments; but the inscriptions faded away with damp, and were not revived. In the adjoining walls, both at the N. and S. side, were circular stone turret-stairs, ascending to the Rood Loft and roof, and perhaps originally conducting- to a Turret for the Sancttis Bell, placed on the apex. The north stairs Avere destroyed at an early period, when the gallery, taken away in 1726, was being- made ; and a flight of stone-steps, leading* to the upper door of the Rood Loft, was built across them, to lead to the gallery. Al>out SIX or seven of the lowest steps of the old nortli stairs remain, and are of excellent execution. They were entered from the Choir, as a built-up doorway testifies. The soutli stairs are in good preservation. The passage to them was from the Nave ; but it is now rendered useless by the erection ag'ainst it of a modern monument, and an aperture on the side of the South Transept is the only available means of access. By the exertions of the present Rector, the Rev. P. W. Drew, a richly stained-glass East Window was erected in August, 18ol. It contains the Anns of;

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Dominican Friary (North Abbey) ruins at Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork

The Dominican Friary of Youghal, also called North Abbey, retains a massive pier, the West gable with a three-light window, and fragments of a thirteenth-century Gothic structure. The grounds serve as the favorite burial-place of Youghal's Roman Catholics and are called The Mass Yard from a former parochial chapel.

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The grounds of this Friary are the favorite burial-place with the Roman Catlmlics of Youghal, and are called The Ma.s8 Yard from the disuseil parochial Cha])el which stood here. There is a subterraneous pjvssage, oiH'uing at the S.\\ . <|uoin of the West gable and, so far as it has been ex}il()re<l, running in a southern direction. Tradition tells us, tliat it anciently connected this House with St. Mary's Church. Numerous sculj^tured and moulded pieces of freestone, some terminating " lieads" of window-labels, and other fraigments lie strewn around, amid tiie rank gra^s of countless gi-nves. Near the site of the East galde, and now used as head-stones, are the mutilafeil ])ieee8 of two taj)ered stone coffin-lids. Of these one has been broken into three narts. It is uninseribed and, save a plain chamfer, unornamented. The otiier has lost about one-third of its lower ])roportions. On its up]>er surface is a rich fleureed Cross. A Lombardic inscription, almost obliterated, runs down the side. It informs us
§i|ji)t ^oW$ ifoi(3e of S^kl'^^^i^^ii]^^, b|oi(gl)^l. 51

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Boyle family monument with effigies and inscriptions, Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork

A monument bearing the effigies of Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, and his wives features arms, crests, supporters, and the motto 'God's providence is ovr inheritance.' Black stone surfaces carry genealogical inscriptions recording the Earl's marriages, his sons and daughters, their matches, and deaths, including Lady Margaret Boyle entombed there.

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In the centre, over the effig-y of the Earl, is a lar^e surface of black stone, on which are the following- inscriptions :
" Richard Earle of Corke marrj^ed tAvo Avyves, i;he first Ioane one of the two davg'hters and coheires of William Appsley Esqvire, who dyed in travaile of her first sonn whicli did not svrvive her. The second wyfe was Katheri^'E, the only davghter of Sir Iefferey Fenton Kn. Secretai-y of State in Ireland, by whom hee had issve 7 sonnes and 8 davg'hters."

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 4

Boyle family residence at College House, Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1600–1624

Sir Richard Boyle took up residence in the College House at Youghal after securing possession of the foundation. Several of his children were born there between 1600 and 1624, including Roger (1600), Richard (1612), Geoffrey (1616), Lady Alice (1607), and Lady Mary Boyle (1624).

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Sin Richard Bovli:, having- thus secured himself in the possession of this foundation, constantly resided in the College Mouse ; and liere seveml of his children were born : IlO(;i:R, his eldest son, who dii-d young at Deptford, in Kent, was born here 1 Au{^. 1600 ; Richard, his successor in the title, wjis also born here, 20 Oct. 1612; Gkoffrv, born here 10 Ajiril 1616, was accidently drowned in tlie College well, on the 20 Jan. following; the Lady Alice Boylk, afterwards CoUNTESS OP Barrymore, was born here 20 March 1607-8; as was the Lady Mary Boyle, tlie good C()Unte.ss of Warwick, 11 Nov. 1024. These were, probably, some of Boyle's happiest days. He was in tlie prime of life, and had attained wealtli, power, and distinction b}' his own unaided etlbrts. Blessed with an admirable wife and witli a numerous and most promising progeny, he must have found here all the true delights of a peaceful Ijome ; wliile out of doors, he was actively engaged in reviving tlie fortune of liis town, which had not yet recovered the shock ot DESiMOND's spoliation in ir»79.
1610.— 28 Nov. The Book of Orders of the Revenue Exchequer has the following minute :

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

French traveller Boullaye Le Gouz describes St. Anne's Tower

Youghal · town · Cork · 1644

In 1644, the French traveller M. Boullaye Le Gouz visited Youghal and described the remaining Tower called the Nunnery on the sea-shore, upon which nuns formerly lit torches to guide vessels into the harbour at night.

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1G44.— M. BouLLAYE LE Gouz, the French traveller, who visited Youghal this year, thus mentions St. Anne's : " At musket-shot from the to^vn there was formerly a convent of nuns on the sea-shore, and there remains of it a Tower called the Nunnery, upon which the nuns used to lig-ht torclies to enable vessels to come into the harbour during the night." [Tour, edited by Crofton Croker, p. 33.]
From this record it would appear that the Nunneiy had been at this time removed, excepting the Lig-ht lower that came down to our own day.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Grant of Ardmore to St. Declan

near Ardmore · street · Cork

The Lord of the Nand-Deisi granted St. Declan the land called Ard-caoirigh, meaning the Height of the Sheep. The name was later changed to Ardmore, meaning the Great Height.

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in behaviour cheerful, in ji-ifts profuse, in life lioly, in wonders and miracleH frequent and eminent." The Lord of Nan-Deisi, IIanMKK tells us, mmle him a g-rant of the " soile" called Anl-iia-coirvd, or The Ileijrht of the Shcei), a name now ehaniied into Ard-mor, or The Great Ileij^ht. Here l)i:CLAN fownacd, circ. 41(3, a Scininiiiy, from which the lij,'-ht of Christianity radiated into all the contiguous districts; and the retired hamlet became a sanctuary for reli;4-ion iiud letters. The Deisi, moreover, forsakinp: their Chief LiBAN, an obstinate i^i^an, followed DwLAN, who placed them under the headship of Fkaik.all Jl'ConMAC, one of his own kindred. At the synod of Cashel, convened by yE.\(ir8, Kinpf of Munster, in 448, Declan was confirmed in the See of Ardmore. A little Town arose on the shorrs of the noble Bay where tlie Missionary had established himself; and the " croodly buildini:-,V' of the ^^Ch'itas Sa/icti Dcdanif' as the Chronicler IIanmku calls it, we shall now proceed to describe :
§^ii|i S^'^l^i/'^ 0i'i)lol*^/

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Ardmore, the Lord of the Nan-Deisi once granted St. Declan a tract of land called Ard-caoirigh, the Height of the Sheep. That name later became Ardmore, the Great Height. Declan was remembered as a man cheerful in behaviour, profuse in gifts, holy in life, and frequent and eminent in wonders and miracles. Around the year 416 he founded a seminary here, and from it the light of Christianity radiated into all the contiguous districts. The retired hamlet became a sanctuary for religion and letters. The Deisi people, forsaking their chief LiBAN, an obstinate pagan, followed Declan. He placed them under the headship of Fearall O'Conmac, one of his own kindred. At the synod of Cashel, convened by Aengus, King of Munster, in 448, Declan was confirmed in the See of Ardmore. A little town arose on the shores of the noble bay where the missionary had established himself, and the chronicler Hanmer described the goodly buildings of Cella Sancti Declani.

Hidden monastic library discovered in Youghal house

Youghal · town · Cork

A hidden recess behind the wainscotting of a house in Youghal revealed part of an old monastic library concealed during the Reformation. One of the recovered volumes, a curious early printed book, is now in the possession of Matthew Hayman Esq. of South Abbey, Youghal.

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improve by partially painting' in colors. The clrawinR- room retains most of its ancient beauty in the preservation of ita fine dark wainscot, deep projcctinj? bay-window, and richly-carved oak mantel-piece, rising in the lull pride of Elizabethan style to the heipfht of the reilint?. The cornice rests upon three fisrures, representing Faith, Hope, and Charity, between which are enriched circular-headed panels, and a variety of emblematical devices fill up the rest of the structure. The Dutch-tiles, which anciently adorned the fire-place, have been removed ; and instead of the low andirons on wliich the bickering- yule-log would burn, a modern grate and stone chimney-piece have been in '.ad taste inserted. In the adjoining bed-room is another mantel-niece of oak, barbarously painted over; and here the tiles remain. They are about four inches square, with various devices inscribed in a circular border. Behind the wainscotting of this room, a recess was a few years since revealed, in which a part of the old monkish library, hidden at the period of the Reformation was discovered. One volume is a curious specimen of early printing. It consists of two distinct portions. The first was printed at Mantua in 1479, in black letter, with colored initials, being a compendium of Scriptural events from the Creation to the days of the Apostles ; the other poi'tion was printed at Strasburgh m UHW, and is Peter Comestor's Historia Scholiutica, dedicated to Piu.nce G(»zali:s, by John Schallus, Professor of Physic at Homfield. This ancient volume is now in the possession of Matthew IIayman Esq. of South Abbey, Youghal.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Sir George Carew occupies College briefly, 1602

Youghal · town · Cork · 1602–1603

Sir George Carew, Lord President of Munster, took the College from Jones intending to reside there and spent £220 on repairs. He left after a few months following Queen Elizabeth's death.

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1C02.— About this time Sir George Carew, Lord President of Munster, took from Jones the College, with an intention to reside in it, and laid out £220 in repairing the house. He remained here but a few months ; for the Queen's death occurring 24 March following, he returned to England, [id.]
1002.— 7 Decem. Mr. Richard Hoyle, afterwards created Earl of Cork, purchased of Sir Walter all his grants in Ireland, amon^ which is specified, "all the estate of the said Sir Walter in the College ot Voghall, called The New College of the B. V. Mary of Yoghall, with its rights and hereditaments, spiritual and temporal." [Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1 J AC. I., pp. 37, 38.]

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Skeletons excavated at Youghal Friary precincts

Youghal · town · Cork · 1820

In 1820, Matthew Hayman Esq. excavated cellars for his dwelling-house in the precincts of the Franciscan Friary at Youghal, turning up several skeletons and tomb-rings with fleureed crosses, all re-interred on the spot. The burial-ground appeared to extend from the hillside to the ocean margin and as far as Green Park.

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18-20.— In this year, when MArrHKW IIavman Esq. was erecting his dwellinpf-house in the precincts of tliis Friary, he turned up, in excavating" for his cellars, several skeletons and some tomb-rij«g:s with Heureed crosses, all of which were re-interred in the same place. We grather from this, that the burial-ground must have been of great extent, spreading from the hill-side on which the Friary stood to the very margin of tiie Ocean, and reaching as far as the grounds now called Green Parli.
18'Jt). — The Devonshire Arms Hotel was built this year, and such remnants of the Franciscan Friary as had survived the erection of the Chapel of Ease in 1817, were now wholly removed, and many curious tombs were destroyed, the coemetery being for the most pait thrown into gardens.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Uniacke family vault slab in North Transept

Youghal · town · Cork · 1557

A richly sculptured slab in the east wall of the North Transept formerly covered a vault of the Uniacke family. The slab bears a stepped cross with fleured limbs connected by concave tracings and a date within a circle on the shaft. The marginal epitaph in black letter records a burial dated 17 April 1557.

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Adjoining this Effigy, in the East wall, is a pointed, moulded pis<*ina, with double drains ; and, beneath it, is a richly sculptured slab, which formerly covered a vault of the Uniacke Family, near this place. The slab bears in reli(^f a stepped Cross, the limbs fleureed ami (Nonnected witli concave tracings, and the date is placed within a circle on the shaft. Aiound the margin runs the epitaph, in black letter. So far as it has been decyphered, it reads thus :
. . . maior QiUr Or puogtitl 4 obtit 17 aprilis. anno 1557.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 5

Youghal monastery and the Augustinian question

Youghal · town · Cork

The text debates whether an ancient monastery at Youghal belonged to the Augustinians. Friar Lubin's map of Ireland marks Youghal at the mouth of the Blackwater alongside the monasteries of Ardmore, Lismore, and Dungarvan, though a 1723 London compiler disputes the Augustinian attribution.

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The question remains to be determined, to what community of Eremites did this ancient monasteiy belong ? The most aged peasants dwelling around, say it was Augustinian, and are probably right. Friar Libin, in his valuable history of that body, gives us a map of Ireland,! sjiecifying the localities where houses of the order existed. In Minister, we have at the mouth of the Blackwater *' Yoaletisis'' marked, along with the adjoining monasteries of Ardmore, Lismore and Dungarvan ; but the historian gives us no particulai-s. Now, we have identified every other local religious foundation, and do not find among them the house of Aug-ustinians ; why may it not be sought for here? It is true, that the able, anonymous, compiler of an Irish Moncuticon, printed in London by William Mears, in 17'2'J, denies the correctness of Lurin's statement ; and speaking of monasteries erroneously assigned to Augustinians, he says (p. 3i^) : " Voughill Monastery is likewise only of the aforesaid Friar LiRiN^S discovering-, without mentioning Uie founder, or the time of its foundation ; and I am well assured that there never were any convents of religious men at Youg'il, besides those of the Dominicans and Franciscans." But the writer previously (p. 311) had admitted a self-evident truth, which must weigh with us in receiving his authority, especially when so dogmatically given : " It is possible," lie writes, " that Friar LiBiN might liave had some infonnations which are unknown to me ;" and the reader will gatlier from our pnges the history of other religious foundations at Yoiighol, beside the two pron.inent ones, which the London writer has mentioned. The mona.stery at the Shanavine may have lieeu one of those early establishments, that followed the rule of Colvmra, CoLOMBANrs, CoMr.AL, AiLBE or Dkclan, and which after the Anglo- Nonnan conquest of the island were compelled to incorjiorate themselves with the Augustinians, and were, in the thirteenth century, eclipsed by the magnificent houses of the Franciscans and Dominicans.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Early monastery at Shanavine near Youghal

Shanavine · street · Cork · 1200–1299

A monastery at Shanavine may have been one of the early establishments following the rule of Columba, Columbanus, Comgal, Ailbe, or Declan. After the Anglo-Norman conquest it was compelled to incorporate with the Augustinians and was eclipsed in the thirteenth century.

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The question remains to be determined, to what community of Eremites did this ancient monasteiy belong ? The most aged peasants dwelling around, say it was Augustinian, and are probably right. Friar Libin, in his valuable history of that body, gives us a map of Ireland,! sjiecifying the localities where houses of the order existed. In Minister, we have at the mouth of the Blackwater *' Yoaletisis'' marked, along with the adjoining monasteries of Ardmore, Lismore and Dungarvan ; but the historian gives us no particulai-s. Now, we have identified every other local religious foundation, and do not find among them the house of Aug-ustinians ; why may it not be sought for here? It is true, that the able, anonymous, compiler of an Irish Moncuticon, printed in London by William Mears, in 17'2'J, denies the correctness of Lurin's statement ; and speaking of monasteries erroneously assigned to Augustinians, he says (p. 3i^) : " Voughill Monastery is likewise only of the aforesaid Friar LiRiN^S discovering-, without mentioning Uie founder, or the time of its foundation ; and I am well assured that there never were any convents of religious men at Youg'il, besides those of the Dominicans and Franciscans." But the writer previously (p. 311) had admitted a self-evident truth, which must weigh with us in receiving his authority, especially when so dogmatically given : " It is possible," lie writes, " that Friar LiBiN might liave had some infonnations which are unknown to me ;" and the reader will gatlier from our pnges the history of other religious foundations at Yoiighol, beside the two pron.inent ones, which the London writer has mentioned. The mona.stery at the Shanavine may have lieeu one of those early establishments, that followed the rule of Colvmra, CoLOMBANrs, CoMr.AL, AiLBE or Dkclan, and which after the Anglo- Nonnan conquest of the island were compelled to incorjiorate themselves with the Augustinians, and were, in the thirteenth century, eclipsed by the magnificent houses of the Franciscans and Dominicans.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Kildimo Abbey and St. Declan's education

Kildimo · townland · Limerick · 400–499

St. Declan was placed under the instruction of a Christian teacher named Diyma. This teacher's name is preserved in Kildimo, an abbey located in County Limerick.

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IJIIAN; and at this neriod was placed under the instruction of I>Y>r.NrA, n (christian teacher, wnose name is jjreserved to us in Kildimo, an Abbey in tlie CO. Limerick. Tlie young Dlclan commenced his misf^ion among- the Pag-auH of his native district, in the early part of \\u- fifth c« ntuiT ; and h«' Hoon ex))eritnced a success, to which no doubt his birth and gifts rontributwl as largely tun his zeal. CoLGA>'.s portraiture' is noble : " In person," he writes, " DiXLAN was handsome, in l)irth illuhtrious, in garl) and gait lmml)le, in lancrnage sweet, in counsel mighty, in discourse powerful, in charity ardent,
^

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Portrait and embroidered purse preserved at Brooklodge, Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork

A second portrait in armour of the Dean of Limerick's son was in the possession of Rev. P. W. Drew at Brooklodge, Youghal. Margaret Naylor's costly embroidered purse was also preserved in the Drew family.

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• She diod at Fevorsham, Kent, 20 Mart*h, 15S0, i\ped .IT, ari'l wrw bin lod with her Imsbaml at thf upper end of the chuncel of the Parish ihurch of Preston. The Earl of Cokk, in KWO, erecteil a f-xir rdaba^trr tomb over the jilace, with an iron ■rmte before it fi)r its Ivtter pnservation. Her brother Uo:u:iiT N aylok, was Dean of Limerick, (^nd Jiis ibni_'litir Marr.AUET was iniu-ried to John Drew, Esq., of Kilwmny, co. Watertord, niid of Mcanus, co. Kerry. Tiie Eahi< of C ouk was a party to the miu-rioKo sofilement, still prest-rved, and cave liiH cousin an additional fortun.'. The D<-aii hud also a son, who seems to have Iven a military ]>erKini, from his portrait in armour at Hailynatray house, and another in possession of Rkv. P. W. Drew, Hrooklod;:e, Youiihul. He n'evtr married. Margaret Naylor's costly and embroidered purse is also .still preserved in the Drew family.
For history of the ancient family of Drew, see " The Royal Parailie* of Enfrland, Scotland, and Wales,"— the " Landed (Jenlry," an<l the " Barony De Clifford in Peerage, 1847." — All by Sir John Ubkxard Hvrke, L bter King of .(\jms.

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 4

Sacristy of St. Mary's Church discovered through grave-digging

Youghal · town · Cork

The Sacristy of St. Mary's Church in Youghal was attached to the north wall of the Choir. Its proportions were ascertained by the discovery of foundation-stones while digging graves, and its outline remains visible on the external face of the wall, including a pointed doorway now stopped up.

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The building forms a Latin Cross, and consists of a Nave with Aisles, North Transept with Aisle at W. side. South Transept, a Choir, and a massive square Tower in the angle of the North Aisle and North Transept. There were also anciently a Sacristy, two Chauntry Chapels, a Bell-tower issuing from the \V. gable, and North and South Porches. The Sacristy was attached to the N. wall of the Choir, parallel with the North Transept, and at the intermediate distance of about 30 feet. The sole remaining evidence of this building is the outline of its roof on the external face of the wall to which it was attached, and throtigh which it communicated with the Choir by the pointed doorway now stopped up. The proportions of the Sacristy have been correctly ascertiiined by the discovery of the foundation-stones, while digg'iiig graves ; and its architecture, no doubt, corresponded with that of the Choir. One of the side-chapels filled up the argle of the South Aisle and South Transept, and was of the same date with those portions of the Church, as we may learn from existing- traces of the bonding of its walls. It was of small dimensions, 33 feet by 14 within walls, and presented its gable to the W. The other chapel stood at the S.W. of the Church, and might be regarded as an extension of the South Aisle, with which it wa,s connected by a high pointed arch now partly filled up with masonry and pierced by a badly-shapen door into the Aisle. Dn. Smith, the County Historian, writnig in 1749, mentions this little building ("N'ol. I. p. 110) ; btit describes it as then "ruined." Some remnants of its S. wall, extending, in continuation with that of the South Aisle, to the circular mound opposite, are still remembered by aged people. The wall is said to have presented two arches, jirobably those of windows broken through. Every vestige of this chapel ha,s been long since swept away. The Bell-tower we shall notice, when describing the West gable, and liie North and South Porches when we come to the Aisles.
The dimensions of St. M.\hy'.s Church are as follow:

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Huguenot refugee David Chaigneau's burial in Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1730–1733

A flagstone at the doorway into the Nave marks the remains of David Chaigneau, a Huguenot refugee driven from France after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Parish registers record his burial on 21 Jan. 1733 and his wife Elizabeth's on 8 May 1730. Many other Huguenot names appear in the registers but the families are now extinct.

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On a tiag'-stone, at the doorAray into the Nave, is the epitaph {^iA"en in the margin. Beneath repose, in quiet, the remains of a Huguenot refug-ee,* driven from France in consequence of the reA'ocatiOn of the edict of Nantz bj'^ Louis XIV. The Palish here lie
Regristers of the earl}' part of the eighteenth cen- THE remains of

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 5

Ruins of Youghal friary mentioned in tour (1748)

Youghal · town · Cork · 1748

The ruins of the Franciscan Friary at Youghal were mentioned in a publication titled 'A Tour through Ireland, in Several Entertaining Letters,' published in London in 1748, indicating the friary was already in ruins by the mid-18th century.

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1748.— The ruins of tliis Friary are mentioned in "A Tour tnroug^h Ireland, in Several EntertnininR- I^etters," publislud this year in London.
1817. — In dip-frinpf the foundation of tlie Chapel of Ease, which occupies part of the site of tliis Friary, and was built in a g-reat measiire out of it« niuteriiils, "an innumerable (juantity of sculls and other human bones were discovend. . . . .Two stone coffins were found, but were ap-ain carefully placed in their orip'inal position." [Dublin Penny Journal, Vol II. p. IbC]

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

St. Declan's mission at Ardmore

Ardmore · town · Waterford · 400–499

St. Declan, son of Erc, chief of the Deisi, preached to the Pairans at Ardmore in County Waterford. He is the primary subject of the historical account of religious foundations in the Youghal vicinity.

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HE preaching of Patrick in Ireland, it is now g-enerally admitted, was preceded by tliat of other, thoug-h less noted, Missionaries. Four of these are named witli special honor by the early Historical writers, viz. AlLBE, a native of Ely O' Carroll, Avhose labors were at Emly, co. Tipperary ; KiKRAN, a native of Inszila S. CJareB, or Cape Clear, who ministered with success at Sier Kieran, near Birr, in the district now called the King-'s CO. ; Ibiiah, who located himself on the isle of Bejr-Erv, or Little Erin, co. Wexford; and DixLAN, who preached to tlie Pairans at Ardmore, CO. Waterford. With the lastnamed only we have to do, in our present midcrtaking-. To him the evanpelizinp: of the district, near the estuary of the Black water, should be ascribed ; and some personal notice of this eminent man is desirable, previous to otir g"iving- the history of the Relig-ious Edifices wliich arose in beauty on the scene of his labors.
Dkclan was son of Enc, Chief of a noble family of the Deisi, [co. Waterford,] and his motlier's name was Dkthys, He wax I>iought up "^^^ until the ag-e of seven, by a relative- named I)o-

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Bell-tower at west gable of St. Mary's removed in 1792

Youghal · town · Cork · 1792

A narrow semi-circular, cone-capped bell-tower formerly adjoined the west window of St. Mary's Church, Youghal, swelling directly from the wall and entered from the nave by a small circular doorway. It was taken down by Doctors Haig and Jackson while they served as Churchwardens in 1792.

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moulded, with columns and foliated capitals. It is wrought in a fine hard sandstone, now much corroded by time and presenting* traces of wanton injury also. The columns are a strong- description of concrete, inserted as was common at the period in a deep hollow at either side of the doorway. The hood-mouldingterminates in sculptured heads, now much defaced. Above this door, but not exactly in the centre of the gable, is the West window, which was of three lio'hts. The stone mullious are g'one, and a wooden frame takes their place. The triple head is filled up with brick ; and the wall at the base of the window has been opened down some four or five feet beyond the orig-inal termination, for the purpose of lig"hting a modern g-allery. Adjoining the window, on the N, side, there stood formerly a narrow semi-circular, cone-capped Bell- tower, whose summit reached no hig-her than the barg-e of the over topping* g-able. It swelled directly from the wall of the Church, and was entered from the Nave by a little circular doorway still remaining" in the vestibule. Another aperture of the Tower, also opening from the Nave, nearly breasted its summit. It wfis Earlypointed; and is now filled up and partly hidden by the ceiling" behind the organ. The Bell-tower was taken down by DocTOiis Haig and Jackson, when Churchwardens, in 1792.
Within the present vestibule, near the doorway of the (destroyed) Tower, is a small stone tablet with this inscription :

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Miagh/Meade altar tomb of Peter Miagh

Youghal · town · Cork · 1633

A large altar tomb against the north gable commemorates Peter Miagh (Meade), Mayor of Youghal in 1630, who died 23 July 1633. The tomb features a skeleton in a shroud, Corinthian columns, armorial bearings, and angel figures. The vault has since passed to the Uniacke family.

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Peter Miagii wan Mayor of Youghal in 1030, and died 2.'5th July, 1033.
Tliis tomb and vault have now passed to the very anci«'nt family of Uniacke, whose name, a^,'(;ordiug to tradition, aros«! fro»n the follnwing cin-iimstance. A military service, attended with great diinger, becoming iicc essury to he done, and the commander hesitating wJiom to em])loy, an individual was pointed out and recojninended to him with this remark, " UnicI'S est;" meaning, " He is the only person to do this exj<loit." Hence cnuu: U.MAK, a» the name waM formerly sjielled. On a small black slab, over the monument, in the KjiMt wall is tJie ftjllowing inscription :

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 5

Sir Lewis Boyle slain at Battle of Liscarroll, 1642

Liscarroll · town · Cork · 1642

Sir Lewis Boyle, Baron of Bandonbridge and Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky, second son of the Earl of Cork, married Lady Elizabeth, daughter of the Earl of Denbigh. He was killed in battle at Liscarroll on 3 September 1642, as recorded on the Boyle family monument.

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"Sr Lewy'S Boyle kn. lo Boyle, Baron of Bandonbridge & lo ViscovNT Boyle of Ky'nalmeaky, second sonn of Richard Earle of Corke, married the La Elizabeth davg-hter of Sr William Fielding kn lo Baron of Newenham padox Viscovnt Fielding & Earle of Den- BIGHE. Slayne in the battle at Liscarroli 3 Septem. 1642."
"Sr Roger Boyle kn lo Boyle Baron of Broghill, third sonn of Richard Earle of Corke married the Lady Margaret the davghter of Theofhilvs lo Haward of Waldin, Earle of Suffolk,"

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 4

South Transept mortuary chapel at St Mary's, Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork

The founders of St Mary's Church set apart the South Transept, called the Chauntry of the Blessed Saviour, as a mortuary chapel, and endowed it with lands near the town for an officiating priest.

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after tlie battle were advancnl to Seig-neuries in this land [Glamorg-an.]" He afterwards l)oc:ime ancestor of a noble line in that district ; and we may suppose tliat the Fcinuler of ."^T. Maiiy's was of the hands of Kni<^htd from tlie shires of South Wales, wlio united their fortunes with those of .S'ntONfjnow in liis descent on Ireland. " ElLIS Bauuv" l)elon^-ed, douljtless, to that ancient nice, whose caj/uf hnroiiuc in the south of Ireland was at Buttevant, and wiio were ennobled, 26 Feb., KL'^, by the title of Hauhvmoui:. The arcliitect of the new fibric larprely availed himself of ])ortions of the urecedin<? editice. In the present West p-able, in the wall of the North Aisle, ana in the dooi-way and West side of tlie Tower, we have traces of the Norman foundation yet remaining'. Not only is the masonry in many places of an earlier date than in others; but circular doorways and windows, now l)uilt-up anrl disused, show, by their inconj^ruity, that they formed no part of tlie present desig-n. The Founders set apart for themselves the South Transept, called the Chauntry of Quit Hliisskd Saviol'H, as a mortuary Cha})el ; and largely endowed it with lands in the neighbourhood of the Town, for the maintenance of an officiating* j)riest. ST. Mahv's, as now established, soon reached a well-ascertained pre-eminence over the other churches of the district. The taxations of Poi'K Nicholas IV., in 1201, and of Fori-: BoNlFACi: VIII., in 1302, declare it to be the richest benefice of the whole diocese of Clo3'^ne. Tlie bishopric itself is entered in these documents, as rateable at 185 marks, or about £123. The best prebend is that of (ileiiowyr (Cilanore or (ilanworth) which is valued at 28^ marks, or £10 ; while the church of Yop-hel, or Yog'hull, is wortli one-half as much ayain, and is set down at £25; the sixth part of the value of the bishopric. In the taxation of Pope NirnoLAS, Youg-hal is entered, under the head of *^ TaxacU) Bcnrficionim Ecchsiastuorum de Oinakijllc" in tliese terms :

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Synod of Cashel confirms Declan's See

Cashel · townland · Cork · 448

At the Synod of Cashel convened by the King of Munster in 448, St. Declan was confirmed in the See of Ardmore.

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in behaviour cheerful, in ji-ifts profuse, in life lioly, in wonders and miracleH frequent and eminent." The Lord of Nan-Deisi, IIanMKK tells us, mmle him a g-rant of the " soile" called Anl-iia-coirvd, or The Ileijrht of the Shcei), a name now ehaniied into Ard-mor, or The Great Ileij^ht. Here l)i:CLAN fownacd, circ. 41(3, a Scininiiiy, from which the lij,'-ht of Christianity radiated into all the contiguous districts; and the retired hamlet became a sanctuary for reli;4-ion iiud letters. The Deisi, moreover, forsakinp: their Chief LiBAN, an obstinate i^i^an, followed DwLAN, who placed them under the headship of Fkaik.all Jl'ConMAC, one of his own kindred. At the synod of Cashel, convened by yE.\(ir8, Kinpf of Munster, in 448, Declan was confirmed in the See of Ardmore. A little Town arose on the shorrs of the noble Bay where tlie Missionary had established himself; and the " croodly buildini:-,V' of the ^^Ch'itas Sa/icti Dcdanif' as the Chronicler IIanmku calls it, we shall now proceed to describe :
§^ii|i S^'^l^i/'^ 0i'i)lol*^/

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

East Window and FitzGerald re-edification of Youghal church

Youghal · town · Cork · 1468–1851

A richly stained-glass East Window was erected in August 1851 through the efforts of Rev. P. W. Drew, displaying the arms of notable figures. Among them is FitzGerald, Earl of Desmond, who re-edified the church in 1468.

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The pointed Choir Arch, with its clustered columns, deserves the visitor's attention. Its dimensions are, height to apex 22 feet, width 17 feet. The columns are each O^ feet high, but have their bases hidden by the raised floor of the modem Communion Table recess. It would apijcar from the Vestry Book (p. 47.) that, until tlie year 1?26, this Arch was filled up with masonry ; a barbarism perpetrated, we su])pose, in consequence of the roofless state of the Choir, with the object of protecting- the rest of the building from the weather. At a Vestry, held 3 Xov., 1726, it was resolved to open out the Arch, to take away a gallery that extended across it at the height of the old Rood Screen, and to carry, about 11 feet into the Choir, a semi-circular recess for the Communion Table. This (pent-house shapen) enlarg-ement of the Nave was accordingly made, and still disfigures the Church. Six hassi-relievi arches, or compartments, of stucco adorn its sides. They were formerly emblazoned with the Creed, the Lord's Praj'er, and the Ten Commandments; but the inscriptions faded away with damp, and were not revived. In the adjoining walls, both at the N. and S. side, were circular stone turret-stairs, ascending to the Rood Loft and roof, and perhaps originally conducting- to a Turret for the Sancttis Bell, placed on the apex. The north stairs Avere destroyed at an early period, when the gallery, taken away in 1726, was being- made ; and a flight of stone-steps, leading* to the upper door of the Rood Loft, was built across them, to lead to the gallery. Al>out SIX or seven of the lowest steps of the old nortli stairs remain, and are of excellent execution. They were entered from the Choir, as a built-up doorway testifies. The soutli stairs are in good preservation. The passage to them was from the Nave ; but it is now rendered useless by the erection ag'ainst it of a modern monument, and an aperture on the side of the South Transept is the only available means of access. By the exertions of the present Rector, the Rev. P. W. Drew, a richly stained-glass East Window was erected in August, 18ol. It contains the Anns of;

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Jones family memorial tablet, Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1822

A wooden tablet originally hung in 1822 records the remains of Edward Jones, son of Rev. Matthew Jones, Archdeacon of Lismore, and grandson of Edward Jones, Bishop of Cloyne. Also Matthew Jones, Collector of Youghal, father to Melian Hayman, and other relatives are interred nearby.

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" Near this spot lye the Remains of Edward Jones, son of the Rev, jNIatthew Jones, Archdeacon of Lisiuore, and prnindsou of Edward Jone.«<, Bishop of Cloyne. Also the remains of Matthew Jones, Collector of You«rhal, j son of the above Edwd Jones \, father to Melian IIay.man. The other I relatives of Edwd Jones are also interred in the same place."
We come now to a portion of the bnildinjr, which, though common in the | Catliedrnl and Abbey Churches of Enf,'-land, is of rare occurrence in thi=: country, I

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 5

Monastic seal of Brother John Thynghul found near Youghal Friary

Youghal · town · Cork · 1853

On 31 December 1853 a bronze monastic seal matrix was found near the precincts of the Franciscan Friary at Youghal by a labourer in the garden of Richard Henry Rogers. The device depicts a human heart pierced by a sword-blade, and the inscription reads 'The Seal of Brother John Thynghul,' suggesting an Augustinian origin possibly from the Kikorcan or Shanavine monastery.

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1300. — A Provincial Chapter of the Franciscans was held here. [Ware.] 1312. — A Provincial Chapter of the Franciscans was held here. [Cly>'.] 1320.— An interesting Monastic Seal of this period was found, 31 Dec. 1853, near the precincts of this Friary, by a labourer who was working- in the g-arden of Richard Henry Rogers Esq., Devonshire Place. Our eng'ravinef* is the exact size of the original. The matrix is of bronze, and is in g-ood preservation. The handle is hexag-onal, taperinggradually until it expands into a trefoil head. The device is a human Heart, pierced from above, through the midst, by a perpendicular sword-blade, and resting- on a mass of coag-ulated blood, the whole being- enclosed within a cusped frame-work, or border. The inscription is in Latin, and when tran.slated reads as follows :
"The Seal of Brother John Thynghul."

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

Robert de Percival slain and buried at Youghal Friary

Youghal · town · Cork · 1303

On 22 October 1303, Robert de Percival, an eminent benefactor to the Dominican Friary at Youghal, was slain along with William de Wellesley in a battle with the Irish and interred in the Friary.

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1303.-22 Oct. Robert de Percival, an eminent benefactor to this House, having been slain, along with V^'illiam de Wellesley, in a battle with the Irish, was interred in this Friary. [Lodge.]
1304. — A General Chapter of the Dominicans was held here. [King, p. 87.]

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 6

St. Declan evangelizes the Blackwater district

near Blackwater River · river · Kerry · 400–499

The evangelization of the district near the estuary of the Blackwater River is ascribed to St. Declan. He commenced his mission among the pagans of his native territory in the early part of the fifth century.

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HE preaching of Patrick in Ireland, it is now g-enerally admitted, was preceded by tliat of other, thoug-h less noted, Missionaries. Four of these are named witli special honor by the early Historical writers, viz. AlLBE, a native of Ely O' Carroll, Avhose labors were at Emly, co. Tipperary ; KiKRAN, a native of Inszila S. CJareB, or Cape Clear, who ministered with success at Sier Kieran, near Birr, in the district now called the King-'s CO. ; Ibiiah, who located himself on the isle of Bejr-Erv, or Little Erin, co. Wexford; and DixLAN, who preached to tlie Pairans at Ardmore, CO. Waterford. With the lastnamed only we have to do, in our present midcrtaking-. To him the evanpelizinp: of the district, near the estuary of the Black water, should be ascribed ; and some personal notice of this eminent man is desirable, previous to otir g"iving- the history of the Relig-ious Edifices wliich arose in beauty on the scene of his labors.
Dkclan was son of Enc, Chief of a noble family of the Deisi, [co. Waterford,] and his motlier's name was Dkthys, He wax I>iought up "^^^ until the ag-e of seven, by a relative- named I)o-

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

St Mary's Church, Youghal – richest benefice in Cloyne

Youghal · town · Cork · 1291–1302

Papal taxations of Pope Nicholas IV (1291) and Pope Boniface VIII (1302) declared Youghal church the richest benefice in the diocese of Cloyne, valued at £25, a sixth of the bishopric's value.

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after tlie battle were advancnl to Seig-neuries in this land [Glamorg-an.]" He afterwards l)oc:ime ancestor of a noble line in that district ; and we may suppose tliat the Fcinuler of ."^T. Maiiy's was of the hands of Kni<^htd from tlie shires of South Wales, wlio united their fortunes with those of .S'ntONfjnow in liis descent on Ireland. " ElLIS Bauuv" l)elon^-ed, douljtless, to that ancient nice, whose caj/uf hnroiiuc in the south of Ireland was at Buttevant, and wiio were ennobled, 26 Feb., KL'^, by the title of Hauhvmoui:. The arcliitect of the new fibric larprely availed himself of ])ortions of the urecedin<? editice. In the present West p-able, in the wall of the North Aisle, ana in the dooi-way and West side of tlie Tower, we have traces of the Norman foundation yet remaining'. Not only is the masonry in many places of an earlier date than in others; but circular doorways and windows, now l)uilt-up anrl disused, show, by their inconj^ruity, that they formed no part of tlie present desig-n. The Founders set apart for themselves the South Transept, called the Chauntry of Quit Hliisskd Saviol'H, as a mortuary Cha})el ; and largely endowed it with lands in the neighbourhood of the Town, for the maintenance of an officiating* j)riest. ST. Mahv's, as now established, soon reached a well-ascertained pre-eminence over the other churches of the district. The taxations of Poi'K Nicholas IV., in 1201, and of Fori-: BoNlFACi: VIII., in 1302, declare it to be the richest benefice of the whole diocese of Clo3'^ne. Tlie bishopric itself is entered in these documents, as rateable at 185 marks, or about £123. The best prebend is that of (ileiiowyr (Cilanore or (ilanworth) which is valued at 28^ marks, or £10 ; while the church of Yop-hel, or Yog'hull, is wortli one-half as much ayain, and is set down at £25; the sixth part of the value of the bishopric. In the taxation of Pope NirnoLAS, Youg-hal is entered, under the head of *^ TaxacU) Bcnrficionim Ecchsiastuorum de Oinakijllc" in tliese terms :

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

Ardmore Cathedral: Nave, Choir and Family Vaults

near Ardmore · street · Cork

The Cathedral at Ardmore has a roofless Nave originally lighted by five windows, with seven tapered tomb-flags bearing incised and relief crosses and a Latin inscription. The Choir contains family vaults of the Odell, Roch and Germ families and was used as the parish church until 1842.

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with the ancient jambs aad arch-stones. The Font has been removed, and is noAV in the modern church of the \-illag-e. It is octag-onal, of the decorated period. In the Choir are vaults of the families of Odell (the Lords of the manor), RocH and Gek. A sculptured fla'^ of the sixteenth century bears the Smyth Arms. The Choir measiu-es within walls 34 feet by 18; and the Nave 72 feet by 26. The former was used as the Parish Church until the year 1842.
Ji]e f|oifi]0 Jobeh

Internet Archive notesrecordsofan00haym, Chapter 1

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Ardmore, the old cathedral's choir holds the family vaults of the Odell, Roch and Gek families. The Odells were the Lords of the manor. A sculptured flag from the sixteenth century bears the Smyth Arms. The choir measures 34 feet by 18 within the walls, and the nave 72 feet by 26. The choir served as the parish church until 1842. The font was removed and now stands in the modern church of the village. It is octagonal, from the decorated period.

Notes and records of the ancient religious foundations, at Youghal Co. Cork, and its vicinity

The stories, best first

Gerald, 16th Earl of Desmond sacks Youghal

Judicial investigation of Earl of Cork's possession of Youghal College

Sir Lawrence Parsons' House named after Recorder of Youghal

Ardmore demised to Raleigh then Boyle

Boyle rebuilds decayed church of Youghal where cows were kept

Lady Honor FitzGerald presents silver-gilt shrine to Youghal Dominicans

St. Anne's Light Tower demolished for new lighthouse, skeleton found

St. Declan's Holy Well at Ardmore

St Mary's Church founded on Mary's Hill, Youghal (11th c.)

Declan's Oratory (Dumh-liag) at Ardmore

Desmond sacks Youghal and spoils the College

Friary bell buried in pier, Youghal tradition

Money-diggers and evil spirits at Shannvine field

Deaths during demolition of St. Dominic's Monastery, Youghal (1587)

Teampeul Deiscart: Cliff-Edge Church Ruins at Ardmore

Danish devastation of Dairinis

Boyle secures perpetual lease for jointure, rebuilds ruined College, 1605

Earl of Cork's Fortification and Death at Youghal College

Fatal ceiling accident at Youghal church, 1784

Knight's effigy discovered in Friary graveyard, 1847

Spenser entertained at Youghal mansion before sailing to England

St. Declan's festival and pilgrimages at Ardmore

Subterranean passages and lost hatchet at Ardmore

14th-century improvements to St. Mary's in Youghal

Cromwell's Council Chamber mansion in Glory Lane, Youghal

Sculptured west gable of Ardmore Cathedral

Devonshire Arms Hotel built over Franciscan Friary remains

Drowning of infant Geoffry Boyle in the College well

Thirteenth-century religious foundation at Youghal

Ancient religious house at Kilcoran near Youghal

Choir Arch reopened at Youghal church, 1726

Dominican Friary (North Abbey) ruins at Youghal

Boyle family monument with effigies and inscriptions, Youghal

Boyle family residence at College House, Youghal

French traveller Boullaye Le Gouz describes St. Anne's Tower

Grant of Ardmore to St. Declan

Hidden monastic library discovered in Youghal house

Sir George Carew occupies College briefly, 1602

Skeletons excavated at Youghal Friary precincts

Uniacke family vault slab in North Transept

Youghal monastery and the Augustinian question

Early monastery at Shanavine near Youghal

Kildimo Abbey and St. Declan's education

Portrait and embroidered purse preserved at Brooklodge, Youghal

Sacristy of St. Mary's Church discovered through grave-digging

Huguenot refugee David Chaigneau's burial in Youghal

Ruins of Youghal friary mentioned in tour (1748)

St. Declan's mission at Ardmore

Bell-tower at west gable of St. Mary's removed in 1792

Miagh/Meade altar tomb of Peter Miagh

Sir Lewis Boyle slain at Battle of Liscarroll, 1642

South Transept mortuary chapel at St Mary's, Youghal

Synod of Cashel confirms Declan's See

East Window and FitzGerald re-edification of Youghal church

Jones family memorial tablet, Youghal

Monastic seal of Brother John Thynghul found near Youghal Friary

Robert de Percival slain and buried at Youghal Friary

St. Declan evangelizes the Blackwater district

St Mary's Church, Youghal – richest benefice in Cloyne

Ardmore Cathedral: Nave, Choir and Family Vaults