Name: A pictorial and descriptive guide to Dublin and the Wicklow tours ..
Author: Lock and Company Ward, ltd

Malahide Castle begun in 1174

Malahide · town · Dublin · 1174

Malahide Castle, seat of Lord Talbot de Malahide, is a fine ivy-covered battlemented edifice with circular towers begun in 1174. The hall is roofed with Irish oak and contains rare pictures including an altarpiece said to have belonged to Mary, Queen of Scots.

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This is one of the few seaside places near Dublin with a sandy coast. On the lovely expanse of sand known as the Silver Strand, beautiful shells may be found, especially after a storm. Close by is Malahide Castle (Lord Talbot de Malahide), a fine, ivy-covered, battlemented edifice with circular towers at the angles, which was begun in 11 74. The hall is roofed with Irish oak, wainscotted throughout with panels carved with Scriptural subjects, and lighted by a fine Tudor window. In the drawing-room are some rare old pictures, notably an altarpiece of Diirer's, said to have belonged to Mary, Queen of Scots, and to have been purchased by Charles II for ;^2,ooo as a present to the Duchess of Portsmouth. The grounds may he visited, by order from the Agent, on Wednesdays and Fridays.
The ruins of the old church of Malahide Abbey, for centuries the burial-place of the Talbots, contain the altar-tomb and effigy of one of the Talbot ladies, Maud Plunket. Having married the son of the Baron of Galtrim, who was slain a few hours later, she was " maid, wife, and widow on the same day."

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 48

Trim Castle erected 1173, stronghold of the Pale

Trim · town · Meath · 1173

Trim, a town of great archaeological interest, has a ruined tower on the site of an Abbey founded by St Patrick; the Castle was erected in 1173 and rebuilt half a century later, and Trim was one of the strongholds of the Pale.

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Trim, about twelve miles from Navan, is another town of great interest to archaeologists. It can be reached from either Navan or Dubhn vid Kilmessan. The conspicuous yellow steeple, a ruined tower some 125 feet high, stands on the site of an Abbey founded by St. Patrick. Some parts of the old wall and two of the town gates remain. The Castle was erected in 1173, and rebuilt half a century later. It is still inhabited, and, with its moat and great keep and towers, is well worth visiting. Trim was one of the strongholds of the " Pale."

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

You are coming through Trim, a town of great interest to archaeologists. A ruined yellow steeple, about 125 feet high, stands on the site of an Abbey founded by St. Patrick. Some of the old wall and two of the town gates remain. The Castle was erected in 1173 and rebuilt half a century later, and with its moat, great keep and towers it is still inhabited and well worth visiting. Trim was one of the strongholds of the Pale.

Custom House built at new site to bypass Stand-fast Dick Rock

Custom House · electoral division · Limerick · 1781–1791

The old Custom House was moved from its original location higher up the Liffey because navigation was impeded by the Stand-fast Dick Rock, on which Christ Church Cathedral stands. The Government chose a new site and the first stone of the present building was laid in 1781, taking ten years to build.

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The old Custom House was much higher up the river, but as navigation was impeded by the Stand-fast Dick Rock, on which Christ Church Cathedral stands, the Government adopted a more suitable site, and the first stone of the present building was laid in 1781. The construction occupied ten years, and the cost amounted to ;^400,ooo, the greatest sum expended on any building in the city. The Custom House was at one time considered the finest edifice appropriated to such a use in Europe. What with furniture, repairs and additions, by 181 1 the total cost had run up to nearly ;/;6oo,ooo.
In form the building is quadrangular, 375 feet long by 205 feet deep, the longest and finest fronts facing north and south. The south, or river, front has a central portico of four Doric columns, with an alto-rehevo in the tympanum of Hibernia and Britannia embracing on a car of shell, Neptune driving away Famine and Despair, and a fleet of ships bringing prosperity. On the attic storey are colossal statues of Neptune, Plenty, Industry and Mercury. Arcades of rusticated masonry connect the centre pile with the wings, above which are coats of arms. The north front, though not so fine as the south, is seen to great advantage from the semicircular Beresford Place. The statues on the entablature represent Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, The cupola is on the plan of those at Greenwich Hospital, and a colossal statue of Hope resting on her anchor surmounts the graceful dome, which is 113 feet from the ground level. There are many fine apartments in the interior ; besides the Customs and Excise, the Local Government Board and the Estate

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 34

As the companion tells it

Coming up now through Custom House. The old Custom House stood much higher up the river, but navigation was impeded by the Stand-fast Dick Rock, the same rock Christ Church Cathedral stands on. The Government adopted a more suitable site, and the first stone of the present building was laid in 1781. Construction took ten years. The cost ran to 400,000, the greatest sum expended on any building in the city. At one time it was considered the finest edifice appropriated to such a use in Europe. The building is quadrangular, 375 feet long by 205 feet deep, with the longest and finest fronts facing north and south. The south, or river, front has a central portico of four Doric columns, with an alto-relievo in the tympanum of Hibernia and Britannia embracing on a car of shell, Neptune driving away Famine and Despair, and a fleet of ships bringing prosperity. On the attic storey are colossal statues of Neptune, Plenty, Industry and Mercury. Arcades of rusticated masonry connect the centre pile with the wings, above which are coats of arms. The north front is seen to great advantage from the semicircular Beresford Place. The statues on the entablature represent Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. The cupola follows the plan of those at Greenwich Hospital, and a colossal statue of Hope resting on her anchor surmounts the graceful dome, 113 feet from ground level. Inside are many fine apartments, besides Customs and Excise, the Local Government Board and the Estate.

Danes build Abbey of St Mary and Christ Church Cathedral

Christ Church Cathedral · ecclesiastical site · Dublin

After becoming Christians, the Danes founded the Abbey of St Mary near the Four Courts and built Christ Church Cathedral and St Doulough's Church.

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But at length arose a chieftain fitted to cope with the foe. Brian Boru was accepted as Ard Righ, or Head King, and, giving battle to the Danes, inflicted a crushing blow upon them in the year 1000. In 1014, in a pitched battle at Clontarf, near Dublin, he for ever broke the power of the Northmen. But Brian, his son, and grandson, were all slain during the conflict. After the Danes became Christians they founded the Abbey of St, Mary (near the Four Courts), and built Christ Church Cathedral and St, Doulough's Church.
Before long Henry II began to cast covetous eyes on the island. He made overtures to the Pope, Hadrian IV (an Englishman), for a bull allowing him to bring the land into subjection. The Pope, nothing loth, granted the bull.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 19

As the companion tells it

Christ Church Cathedral is right here. The Danes built it after they became Christians, along with the Abbey of St Mary near the Four Courts and St Doulough's Church. Before that, Brian Boru had broken their power. He was accepted as Ard Righ, or Head King, and inflicted a crushing blow on the Danes in the year 1000. In 1014, at Clontarf near Dublin, he for ever broke the power of the Northmen, though he, his son, and his grandson were all slain during the conflict.

Downshire House burnt by 1798 rebels

Blessington · town · Wicklow · 1798

Downshire House, seat of the Earls of Downshire near Blessington, was burnt by the rebels of 1798 and has never been rebuilt.

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17 uphill miles from Terenure, was built by Archbishop Bo^-le, and incorporated by charter in 1669, the corporation being styled " The Sovereign, Bailiffs, and Burgesses of the Borough and Town of Blessington." At the Union ;^i5,ooo was paid to the Marquis of Downshire for the loss of the franchise. Downshire House, the seat of the Earls of Downshire, to the right of the town, was burnt by the '98 rebels and has never been rebuilt. Blessington consists of a wide street, with a church, a courthouse, and a couple of small inns.
By turning to the left, off the main street, the Liffey is reached. The Rocky Pool grounds and wooded banks over the river are very pretty.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 82

As the companion tells it

You're coming into Blessington, a town in Wicklow built by Archbishop Boyle and incorporated by charter in 1669. Downshire House, the seat of the Earls of Downshire, stood near the town and was burnt by the rebels of 1798. It has never been rebuilt. At the Union, 15,000 was paid to the Marquis of Downshire for the loss of the franchise. The town itself has a wide street, a church, a courthouse, and a couple of small inns.

Dowth Mound opened in 1847

Dowth · townland · Meath · 1847

The Dowth Mound, standing beyond Boyne Bridge on the far side of the river Mattock, was opened in 1847 and found to contain subterranean passages and a cruciform chamber with human bones and other remains.

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About a mile and a half to the west of Boyne Bridge, on the farther side of the river Mattock, stands the Dowth Mound, which, when opened in 1847, was found to contain

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 50

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here stands the Dowth Mound, opened in 1847 and found to contain subterranean passages, a cruciform chamber, human bones, and other remains.

Edmund Burke's birthplace on Arran Quay

Arran Quay · street · Dublin · 1728–1729

Edmund Burke was born at No. 12 Arran Quay in 1728 or '29, entered Trinity College in 1744, and went to London in 1750.

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By still continuing westward, along Arran Quay, the visitor will find, at No, 12, the Birthplace of Edmund Burke. Burke was born in 1728 or '29, entered Trinity College in 1744, and went to London in 1750. On this quay also is the fine St. Paul's Roman Catholic Church, which contains a handsome altar and a painting in the semi-dome of the apse. Beyond Queen's Bridge, at Usher's Island, on the other side of the Lifiey, may be seen a long low building, used as the offices of the Society for the Suppression of Mendicity. This was formerly the Moira House of the Rawdons, Earls of Moira, when Usher's Island was a pretty rural suburb ; and afterwards when it was a gay and fashionable neighbourhood. John Wesley stayed here in 1775, and spoke of it as the handsomest house he had ever seen.
Barrack or Victoria Bridge next spans the Liffey. King's Bridge, still farther west, is a handsome structure, erected in memory of George IV's visit to Ireland. On its south side are the Kingsbridge Terminus of the Great Southern and Western Line and Steeven's and Dean Swift's Hospitals ; and on the north the Blue Coat School, founded by Charles II for the children of poor citizens, and the Royal Barracks and Soldiers' Home. One of the entrances to Phoenix Park is quite close to this bridge.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 35

As the companion tells it

Along here on Arran Quay, at number 12, is the birthplace of Edmund Burke. Burke was born in 1728 or 1729, entered Trinity College in 1744, and went to London in 1750. On this quay also stands St. Paul's Roman Catholic Church, which contains a handsome altar and a painting in the semi-dome of the apse. Beyond Queen's Bridge, at Usher's Island on the other side of the Liffey, there is a long low building, used as the offices of the Society for the Suppression of Mendicity. This was formerly the Moira House of the Rawdons, Earls of Moira, when Usher's Island was a pretty rural suburb, and afterwards when it was a gay and fashionable neighbourhood. John Wesley stayed here in 1775, and spoke of it as the handsomest house he had ever seen. Barrack or Victoria Bridge next spans the Liffey. King's Bridge, still farther west, is a handsome structure, erected in memory of George the Fourth's visit to Ireland.

Ferrycarrig: Crimean memorial and first Norman castle

Ferrycarrig · townland · Wexford

At Ferrycarrig, where the river narrows, a Round Tower monument commemorates those who fell in the Crimean War, while on the opposite bank stand the remains of the first Norman castle built in Ireland.

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A branch line to the west leads to the charmingly-situated little town of New Ross, and thence to Waterford. The main line continues southward. Before reaching Wexford there is a picturesque view at Ferrycarrig, where the river narrows ; high on one bank stands a monument in the form of a Round Tower to those who fell in the Crimean War, and on the other side are the remains of an ancient fortress, the first Norman castle built in Ireland. Thence it is only a short run to the ancient town of —
Wexford,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 80

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, the river narrows at Ferrycarrig. High on one bank stands a monument shaped like a Round Tower, put up to those who fell in the Crimean War. On the other side are the remains of an ancient fortress, the first Norman castle built in Ireland.

Henry VIII dissolves the priory of Christ Church

Christ Church Cathedral · ecclesiastical site · Dublin · 1486–1541

In 1541 Henry VIII dissolved the priory of Christ Church and reconstituted it as the deanery and chapter of Christ Church; Lambert Simnel was crowned here in 1486.

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The Priory of the Holy Trinity was first erected by Sitric, the Danish King of Dublin, and Donatus, the Bishop, in 1038. The Norman invaders and Archbishop Laurence O 'Toole rebuilt the church on a larger and more magnificent scale, founding it on the still existing crypt, and succeeding prelates further enlarged, altered, or added to it. In 1541 Henry VIII dissolved the priory and reconstituted it " the deanery and chapter of Christ Church." Lambert Simnel was crowned here in i486, and in 1551 the Liturgy was read in English here for the first time in Ireland. In 1559, Parliament seems to have met within its walls, but the bu Hdings
6o CHRIST CHURCH CATHEDRAL

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 27

As the companion tells it

Christ Church Cathedral is right here. The Priory of the Holy Trinity was first erected by Sitric, the Danish King of Dublin, and Donatus, the Bishop, in 1038, and the Norman invaders and Archbishop Laurence O'Toole rebuilt the church on the still existing crypt. Lambert Simnel was crowned here in 1486, and in 1541 Henry VIII dissolved the priory and reconstituted it as "the deanery and chapter of Christ Church."

House of Lords tapestries depict Boyne and Derry

near College Green · street · Dublin · 1734

The House of Lords chamber retains two fine tapestries worked in Dublin and hung in 1734, one depicting the Battle of the Boyne with Schomberg dying at King William's feet, the other the Siege of Derry with James II.

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The House of Lords presents almost exactly the same appearance as it did when the Irish peers assembled here. The line white oak pilasters have had to be spliced in places ; the copper roof has been replaced by lead ; one or two of the chairs are missing, and a statue of George III has been substituted for the throne. But the greater number of the chairs are still in place around the long table, and the walls are still ornamented with two fine pieces of tapestry worked in Dublin and hung in 1734. The piece over the fireplace represents the Battle of the Boyne, with Schomberg dying at King William's feet ; opposite is the Siege of Derry, with James II. By the side of the statue are two ponderous war chests of William of Orange, one secured by five bolts, the other by nine. The House of Lords, which is a shell of white oak, is used only for the meeting of the shareholders, twice a year.
The interior of the House of Commons was rebuilt by the directors after a fire, and the hall is now used as the cash office. This room is lighted from the roof, there being no windows, those which appear to be so being merely silvered reflectors.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 24

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about College Green, the old House of Lords chamber still looks much as it did when Irish peers gathered there. The walls hold two tapestries worked in Dublin and hung in 1734. The piece over the fireplace shows the Battle of the Boyne, with Schomberg dying at King William's feet. Opposite hangs the Siege of Derry, with James II. The chamber is a shell of white oak, and most of the chairs are still in place around the long table. A statue of George III has replaced the throne, the copper roof is now lead, and some oak pilasters have been spliced. By the statue stand two war chests of William of Orange, one secured by five bolts, the other by nine. The room is used only twice a year, for the meeting of the shareholders.

Howth Abbey erected 1235 on site of Danish king Sitric's foundation

Howth · townland · Dublin · 1235–1430

Howth Abbey was erected in 1235 in place of St. Nessan's Abbey and on the site of an older abbey founded by Sitric, the Danish king of Dublin. The chancel contains a fine tomb believed to belong to Christopher St. Lawrence, thirteenth earl, who died in 1430, and his wife.

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The venerable Howth Abbey, one of the few specimens of Gothic architecture in the county of Dublin, was erected in 1235 in place of St, Nessan's Abbey and on the site of an older one founded by Sitric, the Danish king of Dublin. The ruins, though roofless, are in a fair state of preservation, but do not boast much architectural beauty. In the chancel is a fine tomb representing a mailed warrior and his lady, which, Wakeman says, belongs to Christopher St. Lawrence, thirteenth earl, who died in 1430, and his wife. Some of the old monastic buildings on the south of the wall are incorporated with the fishermen's houses. The Book of Howth was commenced in St. Nessan's Abbey and continued in Howth Abbey,
The lower road leads round the harbour below the Abbey and the martello tower (which contains the shore end of the submarine cable to England) ; then, ascending, passes on the left the Howth baths for ladies — below which is Balscadden Bay, a charming little bathing strand, with machines — and the baths for gentlemen. The road opposite the latter leads over the summit of Howth Hill.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 47

King O'Toole's tomb at Rhefert Church broken up by guides

Glendalough · electoral division · Wicklow · 1010

Rhefert Church was the principal burial church of the city and of the O'Toole chieftains. Its greatest treasures, including the dated tomb of King O'Toole inscribed in Irish characters, were shamefully broken to pieces and sold as souvenirs by guides.

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Descending again, we cross a stile into the field, turn to the left, and, following the path to the left up the hillside, reach by a quaint arrangement of terraces and stiles the remains of the stoutly-buHt Rhefert Church. This was the principal burial church of the city and of the O'Toole chieftains of these wHd hUls. Numerous crosses and incised tombs of ancient date still surround it, but its greatest treasures, the dated tomb of King O'Toole, with the inscription in Irish characters, " The body of King Mac ThuHl in Jesus Christ loio," and another, " Pray for Carbre mac Cahail," were shamefully broken to pieces and sold as " speciments of the grave of a rale ould Irish king " by the " guides " who hang about the place.
Descending again, a boat can be taken [sixpence) from the mouth of the stream along the Upper Lake to St. Kevin's Bed, but the view from the boat is finer if one starts from the opposite corner. The Glenealy stream, which feeds the lake, is seen falling down the mountain side at the west end, amid white debris from the mines.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 75

Kingstown named for George IV's departure from Ireland

Kingstown · townland · Dublin

Kingstown derives its name from the circumstance that George IV quitted Ireland here, an event commemorated by the town's name and by an obelisk near Carlisle Pier.

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Kingstown derives its name, as Thackeray puts it, from the happy circumstance that George IV quitted Ireland here. The event is commemorated not only by the name, but by the obelisk, supported on four granite balls, which stands near Carlisle Pier. Queen Victoria landed at the Victoria Wharf, opposite the station, in 1849, in 1853, and again in 1900. King Edward and Queen Alexandra landed here in July, 1903, and again in April, 1904; and King George and Queen Mary in 191 1, To commemorate Queen Victoria's last visit an ornamental drinking fountain was erected, and the Queen's Road, a fine esplanade just above the Harbour, laid out. At the other end of this road a pleasant open space has been planted and continues for some little way along the East Pier, and also to the fine Victoria Baths. Here maybe enjoyed all sorts of baths, medicinal, sea and fresh water, for both ladies and gentlemen. There are many charitable institutions, hospitals, asylums, orphanages, etc., in the neighbourhood.
Near the station is a Winter Garden and Pavilion, where concerts and entertainments are given in summer. There is a well-kept Public Park, with children's playgrounds, just beyond the East Pier.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 55

Leopardstown: The Corruption of Lepers' Town

near Leopardstown · street · Dublin

Leopardstown, now home to a fine racecourse, derives its name as a corruption of Lepers' Town, a hospital for lepers having anciently existed there.

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The stations of Stillorgan and Foxrock succeed that of Dundrum. The latter is the station for the Foxrock Golf Links and for the fine Leopardstown Racecourse (the name is a corruption of Lepers' Town, a hospital for lepers having anciently existed here). There are also riding grounds close by. Foxrock and Carrickmines are rapidly becoming favourite residential suburbs ; many pretty houses have lately been built. The air is certainly more invigorating than on the sea coast. At Sandyford, near Dundrum and Foxrock, is Glencairn, the residence of Mr. Richard H, Croker, of " Tammany " fame, whose horse, Orby, won the Derby of 1907.
From Carrickmines station (golf links) may be visited the remains of old Carrickmines Castle, also a very fine cromlech in the pretty grounds of the Druids' Glen, with a huge topstone 18 feet long. From here, too, the walk through the Scalp (p. 116) may be taken, or to the pretty little Bride's Glen, through which the Shanganagh Brook runs. This water,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Leopardstown, the name you see on the signs has a older, stranger meaning behind it. Leopardstown is a corruption of Lepers' Town. A hospital for lepers stood here in ancient times. That is all the name remembers now. Today the place is known for the fine Leopardstown Racecourse, and there are riding grounds close by. The old hospital has left nothing you can visit, no walls, no trace, just the name worn down over the centuries until what was once Lepers' Town became Leopardstown. The guidebooks tell you about the racecourse and the suburbs, the pretty houses lately built, the air more invigorating than on the sea coast. They do not say much more about the lepers. It is a name that carries a forgotten ward, a place where people were sent apart, and the years turned it into somewhere else entirely.

MacMurrough assembles Welsh adventurers at Kilmainham

Kilmainham · townland · Dublin

The dissolute and discontented Dermot MacMurrough assembled the first importation of his Welsh adventurers at Kilmainham, where Strongbow later founded a military monastery whose priors were influential lords of the Irish Parliament.

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Kilmainham is in the immediate neighbourhood of Kingsbridge Railway Terminus, and is reached by the Inchicore tram from College Green. It lies two miles west of the General Post Office. Brian Boru encamped here prior to the battle of Clontarf, and the Abbey of Kilmaignend (as the name was anciently spelt) was one of the most important of its kind in Ireland. " Here the dissolute and discontented Dermot MacMurrough assembled the first importation of his Welsh adventurers . . . and here the stern Strongbow founded that military monastery whose priors were influential lords of the Irish Parliamient and frequently the governors and chancellors of the island " {D' Alton). The Priory of Knights Templars flourished until the suppression of the order in 1309, when the Hospitallers estabUshed themselves in their place. It finally fell, with similar institutions, in the great dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII, and in 1680 the Royal Hospital for Ancient and Maimed Soldiers was erected on its site from designs by Sir Christopher Wren. The Hospital cost some £2^,559. The entrance is surmounted by a clock turret and spire. Concerts are frequently held in the beautiful hall, which has some fine oak wainscotting and a collection of armour. Service is held in the Chapel at 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. on Sundays. The Hospital is the official residence of the Commander of the Forces, and is the headquarters of the army in Ireland. The grounds of this " Irish Chelsea " are well-kept and park-like. Richmond Barracks, the disused Gaol and Courthouse, the Island Bridge Barracks, the South Dublin Union, and Swift's and Steeven's Hospitals are all in the neighbourhood.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 44

Magazine Fort known as Wharton's Folly, satirised by Swift

Magazine Fort · site · Dublin

The large Magazine Fort in Phoenix Park was built by Wharton in fear of invasion, hence known as 'Wharton's Folly,' and was the object of Dean Swift's witty satire. It is built on the site of what was the Manor House.

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Returning thither (before the turn to the Gardens is reached), a fine equestrian Statue of Lord Gough will be seen outside the People's Park. A stone near here commemorates Lord Ardilaun's recent gift of 800 trees. On the left of the statue is the Wellington Monument, a lofty and massive obelisk 150 feet high, inscribed with the names of the Duke's victories, and with bronze panels in low relief. Some distance along the lower road is a large Magazine Fort, buHt by "V^Tiarton in fear of invasion, hence known as " Wharton's Folly," and the object of Dean Swift's witty satire. It is built on the site of what was the Manor House,
The main avenue runs in a straight line through the Park, the road on the right leading to the Zoological Gardens, and the next turn, also on the right, to the Viceregal Lodge. On the right-hand side of this avenue is the Polo Ground, and on the left the part known as the " fifteen acres," where military reviews are held.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 37

As the companion tells it

Right beside the road here is the Magazine Fort, a large storehouse in Phoenix Park. It was built by Wharton in fear of invasion, and that fear gave it the name people use, Wharton's Folly. Dean Swift turned his wit on it, and the building became the object of his satire. What stood here before it was the Manor House, and the fort was built on that site. The guidebook calls it up along the lower road, set apart in the park. Wharton raised it because he thought an enemy might land, and the city would need powder and arms close at hand. Swift saw the thing differently, and his satire made the folly stick as a name. Nothing is left now of the Manor House the fort replaced. What you pass is Wharton's building, the magazine that fear built and ridicule named.

Maynooth Castle built and enlarged by the Geraldines

Maynooth · town · Kildare · 1230–1426

Maynooth Castle, stronghold of the powerful Kildare Geraldines, has walls eight or nine feet thick; the older part was built about 1230, enlarged with towers added in 1426.

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The ivy-clad ruins of the Castle, which was built on the borders of the English Pale, are close to the main entrance of the College, and on the opposite or left side of the road is the Protestant Church, the square tower of which is all that remains of the ancient Roman CathoUc Chapel. The walls of the Castle are eight or nine feet thick ; the older part was built about 1230 ; it was enlarged and the towers added in 1426. Gerald the Great, the eighth earl, left his lands to endow a college if such should be built, and his son therefore built one. In a ruined church hidden in a grove about a mile from the present College the earliest members of the CoUege staff are buried. This CoUege was suppressed by Henry VIII in 1538, but was rebuilt and renamed as St. Patrick's College, and is now one of the constituent colleges forming the National University. Its grants were commuted in 1869 by a sum representing fourteen years' purchase, plus ;^2o,ooo. The buildings, erected in 1846 from designs by Pugin, and recently enlarged, are very fine and commodious.
The College Church at Maynooth, built in the Gothic style, was consecrated in 1891, and cost some ;^49,ooo. It has a fine rose window in the west front, a good organ, and no fewer than 454 carved oak stalls. Another building is known as the Aula Maxima, and is used for public gatherings. On the lawn is a very fine old yew tree — said to be as old as the old college.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Maynooth, the ivy-clad ruins of the castle stand close to the main entrance of the college. This was a stronghold of the Kildare Geraldines, built on the borders of the English Pale. The walls are eight or nine feet thick. The older part dates from about 1230, and the castle was enlarged with towers added in 1426. Gerald the Great, the eighth earl, left his lands to endow a college if one should be built, and his son built one. In a ruined church hidden in a grove, the earliest members of the college staff are buried. Henry VIII suppressed the college in 1538, but it was rebuilt and renamed St. Patrick's College, and is now part of the National University. Its grants were commuted in 1869 by a sum representing 14 years' purchase, plus 20,000 pounds. The present buildings went up in 1846 from designs by Pugin. Nearby, the square tower of the Protestant church is all that remains of the ancient Roman Catholic chapel. The College Church, built in the Gothic style, was consecrated in 1891 and cost 49,000 pounds. It has a fine rose window in the west front and 454 carved oak stalls. Another building, the Aula Maxima, is used for public gatherings. On the lawn stands a yew tree said to be as old as the old college itself.

The prophetic tree at Howth Castle

Howth · townland · Dublin

Near Howth Castle stands an old tree with few branches remaining, carefully propped and chained. Tradition holds that whenever a branch falls, a member of the family dies.

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heartily shaking the hand extended to be kissed. Returning to Ireland, she landed at Howth, and proceeded to the castle to enjoy the usual national hospitality, but the family being at dinner the gates were closed. Enraged at what she considered a breach of Irish hospitality, she waited her opportunity and presently seized the young heir of the family, whom she carried off to her fortress in Clew Bay ; nor was he restored until his father entered into an express stipulation that his gates should never again be shut at the dinner-hour, and it is a fact that until a somewhat recent date this custom was strictly observed. Near the Castle is a venerable old tree with but few branches left, and these carefully propped and chained. The tradition is that whenever a branch falls a member of the family dies.
When the azaleas and the rhododendrons, a most varied and lovely collection, are in blossom, flowering over the steep cliffs, the gardens are a marvellous sight. In the demesne is the great Howth Cromlech, consisting of ten enormous masses of quartz.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 46

The Twelve Apostles stone at Slane, lost from Mellifont

Slane · townland · Meath

In the grounds of Slane stands a curious ancient stone called the Twelve Apostles with carved apostles' heads, said to have come originally from Mellifont Abbey and lost to the Abbey through a gambling debt.

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the Boyne, are open to visitors. The river hereabouts is very beautiful. George IV visited Slane. There is a striking view of the river and its beautiful banks from Slane Bridge, with the grounds of Slane Castle on one side and Beauparc on the other. In the grounds of Slane (Marquis of Conyngham's) is a curious and ancient stone called the Twelve Apostles, with the apostles' heads carved on it. This stone came originally from Mellifont Abbey, and is said to have been lost to the Abbey through a gambling debt. The ruin of St. Erck's (or Erc's) Chapel is also in the grounds and is supposed to date from his time. Erck was a contemporary of St. Patrick and the first Bishop of Slane ; he died in 512, when ninety years old.
From Drogheda a branch line runs by Navan, Beauparc and Kells to Oldcastle, through a famous hunting and angling region, rich in historical and religious associations. A little beyond Navan is Donaghpatrick, with its great rath, for here, too, was an ancient royal residence. The church occupies one of the most ancient ecclesiastical sites in Ireland. St. Patrick certainly preached here. The place is mentioned in the Book of Armagh.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Slane, in the grounds of Slane, there is a curious and ancient stone called the Twelve Apostles. It has the apostles' heads carved on it. The stone came originally from Mellifont Abbey, and is said to have been lost to the Abbey through a gambling debt. How a stone is wagered and lost is a question the record leaves open, but that is the story that has come down. Also in the grounds is the ruin of St. Erck's Chapel, or Erc's Chapel, supposed to date from his time. Erck was a contemporary of St. Patrick and the first Bishop of Slane. He died in 512, when ninety years old. The Boyne runs through these grounds, and George IV visited Slane. From Slane Bridge there is a striking view of the river and its banks, with the grounds of Slane Castle on one side and Beauparc on the other.

Botanic Gardens founded by Royal Dublin Society

Glasnevin · townland · Dublin · 1795–1877

The Botanic Gardens were instituted by the Royal Dublin Society in 1795 on the site of a mansion once the residence of the poet Tickell, and the grounds are associated with Swift, Stella, Addison, and Sheridan.

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The Gardens, instituted by the Royal Dublin Society in 1795, taken over by the Science and Art Department in 1877, and now under the Department of Agriculture and Technical Education, cover about forty acres of undulating ground, occupying the site of a mansion and demesne, once the residence of the poet Tickell, 1725-40. This house, near the entrance to the gardens, is now the residence of the Director. Swift, Stella, Addison, Sheridan, Parnell the poet, and other celebrities lived near ; and one of the walks in the gardens is known as Addison's Walk. The gardens, watered by the little river Tolka, are charmingly laid out with flower beds, shrubberies, a rockery, etc., and contain some fine palmhouses and conservatories, one being exclusively devoted to a splendid specimen of the Victoria Regina water lily. Orchids and tree-ferns are very successfully cultivated, and space is allotted to the culture of the ordinary edible plants : there is also a museum with specimens of various kinds of wood and their uses. The ferneries are well worth a visit, especially the house containing fine specimens of the Killarney fern. In November the chrysanthemums, of which an immense variety are shown, attract a great number of visitors. A School of Gardening is connected with the gardens, and in the neighbourhood is a Model Training School in connection with the National Board of Education. Here, too, is the Albert Institute, or Model Farm, of 180 acres, in connection with the Department of Agriculture, for agricultural students. Practical instruction in dairy work is also given to female students.
92 CLONTARF

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 41

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Glasnevin are the Botanic Gardens, instituted by the Royal Dublin Society in 1795 and later taken over by the Science and Art Department in 1877. They cover about 40 acres of undulating ground on the site of a mansion and demesne that was once the residence of the poet Tickell. That old house, near the entrance, is now the Director's residence. Swift, Stella, Addison, Sheridan and Parnell the poet all lived near, and one of the walks in the gardens is still known as Addison's Walk. The gardens are watered by the little river Tolka and laid out with flower beds, shrubberies and a rockery. They hold fine palmhouses and conservatories, one devoted to a specimen of the Victoria Regina water lily. Orchids and tree ferns are cultivated there, and there is space for ordinary edible plants, plus a museum showing woods and their uses. The ferneries include fine specimens of the Killarney fern, and in November the chrysanthemums draw a great number of visitors. A School of Gardening is connected with the gardens, and nearby is a Model Training School linked to the National Board of Education, along with the Albert Institute, a model farm of 180 acres for agricultural students, where practical dairy instruction is given to female students.

Elk and Reindeer Remains Found Near Kiltiernan

Kiltiernan · townland · Dublin

Remains of an enormous number of elk, a species of gigantic deer now extinct, have been found here, along with remains of reindeer. Nearby stands one of the finest cromlechs in Ireland, with a granite topstone 23.5 feet long and 6.5 feet thick.

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remains of an enormous number of elk, a species of gigantic deer now extinct, have been found, and also remains of reindeer. In a field here is a cromlech, one of the finest in Ireland, with a granite topstone, 23^ feet long and 6|- feet thick. The ruins of Kilternan Church are near. The Scalp, which is well provided with tea-rooms, forms a delightful and favourite cycling run from Dublin or Kingstown.
Farther inland the walks or drives along the valleys of the two ranges of Dublin hills are even more beautiful. These hills are usually rounded and boggy. The highest is Kippure (2,473 feet), on the extreme southern boundary of the county. On Mount Venus is an enormous cromlech [see p. 123).

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

Gerald the Great endows Maynooth College

Maynooth · town · Kildare · 1480–1538

Gerald the Great, the eighth earl, left his lands to endow a college if one should be built, and his son later built it; the college was suppressed by Henry VIII in 1538 but later rebuilt as St. Patrick's College.

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The ivy-clad ruins of the Castle, which was built on the borders of the English Pale, are close to the main entrance of the College, and on the opposite or left side of the road is the Protestant Church, the square tower of which is all that remains of the ancient Roman CathoUc Chapel. The walls of the Castle are eight or nine feet thick ; the older part was built about 1230 ; it was enlarged and the towers added in 1426. Gerald the Great, the eighth earl, left his lands to endow a college if such should be built, and his son therefore built one. In a ruined church hidden in a grove about a mile from the present College the earliest members of the CoUege staff are buried. This CoUege was suppressed by Henry VIII in 1538, but was rebuilt and renamed as St. Patrick's College, and is now one of the constituent colleges forming the National University. Its grants were commuted in 1869 by a sum representing fourteen years' purchase, plus ;^2o,ooo. The buildings, erected in 1846 from designs by Pugin, and recently enlarged, are very fine and commodious.
The College Church at Maynooth, built in the Gothic style, was consecrated in 1891, and cost some ;^49,ooo. It has a fine rose window in the west front, a good organ, and no fewer than 454 carved oak stalls. Another building is known as the Aula Maxima, and is used for public gatherings. On the lawn is a very fine old yew tree — said to be as old as the old college.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Maynooth now, and the college here has its roots in the 1400s. Gerald the Great, the eighth earl, left his lands to endow a college if such should be built, and his son therefore built one. That first college was suppressed by Henry the 8th in 1538. It was later rebuilt and renamed St. Patrick's College, and is now one of the constituent colleges forming the National University. The ivy-clad ruins of the Castle stand close to the main entrance, on the borders of the old English Pale. The walls are eight or nine feet thick. The older part was built about 1230, and it was enlarged with towers added in 1426. On the opposite side of the road is the Protestant Church, its square tower all that remains of the ancient Roman Catholic chapel. In a ruined church hidden in a grove about a mile from the present college, the earliest members of the college staff are buried. The buildings erected in 1846 from designs by Pugin are very fine and commodious. The College Church, built in the Gothic style, was consecrated in 1891 and has no fewer than 454 carved oak stalls. On the lawn is a very fine old yew tree, said to be as old as the old college.

Kingstown lifeboat crew lost in 1895-6 winter

Kingstown · townland · Dublin · 1895–1896

The gallant but fatal efforts of the Kingstown lifeboat crew during the winter of 1895-6 are commemorated by a memorial erected near the pier.

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The Harbour, begun in 1817 and completed in 1859, at a cost of about a million pounds, embraces an area of some 250 acres. On the East Pier, which is the fashionable promenade and is nearly a mile long, bands perform on summer evenings, while 5 p.m. is always a time of excitement, for at that hour the City of Dublin Steam Packet Company's splendid boats arrive. On the East Pier stands a monument to Captain Boyd and the seamen of the A fax, who were drowned in attempting to save life in a great gale in 1861. Kingstown is distinguished for its heroism in this respect. The gallant but fatal efforts of the Kingstown lifeboat crew during the winter of 1895-6 will be long remembered. To them also a memorial has been erected near the pier. The Kingstown fort, fitted with heavy guns, stands near the Lighthouse at the end of the East Pier, and commands the bay.
The West Pier is a favourite cycling and bathing resort, and is considerably longer than the East Pier. The view of Kingstown Harbour, with its background of wooded hills, is extremely beautiful as seen from here or from the cross- Channel boats.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 55

Monasterboice founded by St Bute, destroyed by fire

Monasterboice · townland · Louth · 521–1117

Monasterboice was founded by St Bute or Boetus, who died in 521; in 1097 it was destroyed by fire and only partially rebuilt, falling into utter ruin about 1117.

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The Ruins of Monasterboice. The ruins comprise what remains of a monastery founded by St. Bute or Boetus, who died in 521. In 1097 it was destroyed by fire and only partially rebuilt, and it apparently fell into utter ruin about 11 17. There now remain the walls and gables of two very old churches (one of which Wakeman thinks may date from the sixth century) and the Round Tower, which dates from the ninth century. This, though capless, is ninety feet high. The door is about six feet from the ground, and modern stairs enable the visitor to reach the top. But the pride and glory of Monasterboice are the marvellous Celtic Crosses. The Great Cross, close upon nine hundred years old, is twenty-seven feet high, and is covered with fine sculpturings of Scriptural subjects and

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 51

Monument to Constable Sheehan at Hawkins Street/Burgh Quay

Burgh Quay · street · Dublin · 1906

A monument unveiled by Lord Dudley in 1906 commemorates Constable Sheehan of the Dublin Metropolitan Police, who died attempting to rescue workmen overpowered by noxious gas in a sewer beneath Burgh Quay.

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etc., and the central offices, mission hall, etc., of the Irish Church Missions, a range of red-brick buildings on the lefthand side. In Hawkins Street, running off Townsend Street on the left, is the building formerly known as the Leinster Hall, now reconstructed as the Theatre Royal, with winter gardens and lounge adjoining. This street leads to Burgh Quay, where stand the Corn Exchange and O'Connell's Conciliation Hall. At the junction of Hawkins Street and Burgh Quay is a beautiful monument, unveiled by Lord Dudley in 1906, to the heroic Constable Sheehan, of the Dublin Metropolitan Police, who gallantly gave up his life in an attempt to rescue some workmen who had become overpowered by noxious gas while working in a sewer beneath the Quay.
On the other side of the river Liffey, which can be crossed by O'Connell or by Butt Bridge, is that fine building —

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 34

As the companion tells it

Along here on Burgh Quay, at its junction with Hawkins Street, stands a monument to Constable Sheehan of the Dublin Metropolitan Police. Lord Dudley unveiled it in 1906. Sheehan gallantly gave up his life trying to rescue workmen who had been overpowered by noxious gas while working in a sewer beneath the quay. The guide describes it as a beautiful monument, and you can see the Corn Exchange and O'Connell's Conciliation Hall standing nearby on this stretch of the quay.

O'Tooles seize Black Castle during 1641 rising

Wicklow · townland · Wicklow · 1641

The remains of Wicklow Castle, known as Black Castle, stand on the headland above the harbour, property of the Esmond family. During the great rising of 1641 the O'Tooles gained possession of this castle but abandoned it on the approach of Sir Charles Coote.

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The road from the station to the town passes on the left the ruins of Wicklow Abbey, a Franciscan Friary founded in the time of Henry III by the Wicklow O'Tooles and O'Byrnes of Imaile and Ballymanus. The old part of the town is at the entrance to the harbour, at the far end of the street. On the headland above are the remains of Wicklow Castle, or Black Castle, as it is generally called, a picturesque ruin, the property of the Esmond family. During the great rising of 1641 the O'Tooles gained possession of this castle, but abandoned it on the approach of Sir Charles Coote.
There are fine walks and drives about here. The Silver

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 71

Puck's Rock legend near Howth Head

Howth · townland · Dublin

The split in Puck's Rock, near a bend in the cliff road at Howth, was made according to tradition by a tormenting sprite whom St. Nessan knocked there with his famous Book from Ireland's Eye. The rock's figure is supposed to represent the sprite itself.

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This cliff path, running past the gentlemen's baths right round the headland, is a splendid walk, commanding a wide expanse of sea, with Ireland's Eye and Lambay Island, and the coast and the Mourne Mountains beyond. Below are sharp cliffs, a rock-bound shore, and seething waters. The split in the singular Puck*s Rock, near the bend in the road, was made, tradition says, by the tormenting sprite whom St. Nessan knocked hither with his famous Book from Ireland's Eye, and the figure, somewhat resembling a human being, is supposed to be the sprite. It is a dangerous and treacherous coast in a storm (scarcely a year goes by that does not chronicle loss of life by boating or shipping disasters here), and the cliffs are almost inaccessible at any point.
On a grass-covered projecting rock south-east of the Head stands the Bally Lighthouse, a fine structure, exhibiting one of the most powerful lights on the Irish coast. The white light flashes every 30 seconds and is visible 15 miles. An order from the Irish Lights Commissioners (D'Olier Street) is necessary to view the interior. The special system in use here and at Wicklow and other lighthouses along the coast

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 47

Rathgall stone fort on a hilltop

near Rathgall · monument · Wicklow

Rathgall is a remarkable ancient stone fort ('cahir') on a hilltop about 450 feet high, consisting of an outer earthen and stone wall enclosing nearly a quarter mile, and a well-preserved inner stone wall five to ten feet thick.

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About six miles west of Shillelagh, by the old road to TuUow, a remarkable ancient " cahir," or stone fort, called Rathgall, occupies the summit of a hill some 450 feet high. It consists of an external wall, some 10 feet high, of stone and earth, now much defaced, originally enclosing a space nearly a quarter of a mile in diameter, and of a well-preserved inner wall of rough stones five or six feet high, and in parts ten feet thick. This rath commands extensive and beautiful views of open agricultural country to the west. Mount Leinster (2,610 ft.) to the south, Lugnaquilla (3,039

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 79

Statue of William III at Dame Street, scene of Orange-Green frays

Dame Street · street · Dublin · 1701–1890

A colossal equestrian statue of William the Third, erected in 1701 by the citizens and restored in 1890, stands at the entrance to Dame Street and has been the centre of many a fray between Orange and Green and Town and Gown.

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is reached. Facing the entrance is a colossal equestrian Statue of William the Third (clad in a be-gilt shirt of mail), erected in 1701 by the citizens, and restored in 1890. This has been the centre of many a fray between Orange and Green and Town and Gown.
The principal buildings in Dame Street are Jury's Hotels the Commercial Buildings, erected in 1799 and containing the Chamber of Commerce, and the Munster and Leinster Bank. The short streets on the light lead to Wellington and Crampton Quays. In Anglesea Street, by the side of Jury's Hotel, is the Stock Exchange.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 26

As the companion tells it

Along here on Dame Street there stands a colossal equestrian statue of William the Third, clad in a be-gilt shirt of mail. The citizens of Dublin erected it in 1701, and it was restored in 1890. Over the years it became the centre of many a fray between Orange and Green, and between Town and Gown.

Suppression of St. Thomas's Abbey by Henry VIII

near The Liberties · street · Dublin · 1539

The wealth and fame of St. Thomas's Abbey led to its suppression in 1539 by Henry VIII, who granted part of the estate to Sir W. Brabazon, a Government official. The Abbey subsequently became the town residence of the Brabazon family and their descendants, the Earls of Meath.

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The property of St. Thomas's Abbey rapidly increased, and as early as 11 80 it appears to have included estates in the south of Ireland and also that of Kilruddery, near Bray, bounded (as it still is) by the King's highway " Le Windgates " {see p. 134). Many parish churches in Dublin were also annexed, and by a special charter of 1305 the abbot was granted judicial powers, and held his own court (hence the name, still used, Thomas Court). The estate was exempt from the jurisdiction of the Mayor, and owing to its special privileges was known as St. Thomas's Liberty or " the Liberty.'^ As recently as 1836 there were no fewer than five liberties in Dublin, though the privileges had for the most part long fallen into disuse. The Abbots of St. Thomas became increasingly powerful, and often held the highest Government appointments in Ireland. Kilruddery was used as their place of recreation. Their sylvan theatre, fishponds, bowling green, etc., may still be seen there, and the labyrinth also till lately. The wealth and fame of the Abbey led to its suppression in 1539 by Henry VIII, who granted part of the estate to Sir W. Brabazon, a Government official. The Abbey was for some years the town residence of the Brabazon family and subsequently of their descendants, the Earls of Heath, still the ground landlords of this district and the owners of Kilruddery. The privileges remained, though transferred to the Brabazon family, hence the name of this district, " the Liberties," is still retained.
We now proceed along Upper Kevin Street, which skirts the south front of St. Patrick's Cathedral, past the Deanery House and the old Archiepiscopal Palace, now a Police Barracks. In this street are the City of Dublin Technical Schools, open to both men and women, and attended by over 1,000 students. New buildings were erected in 1899. Opposite Kevin Street is the somewhat dingy-looking Bishop Street. Here is the Moravian Church, and at the farther end Jacob's Biscuit Factory, employing over 3,000 hands.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 29

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about The Liberties, this district takes its name from St. Thomas's Abbey. The abbey's property grew steadily, reaching across estates in the south of Ireland and including Kilruddery, near Bray, bounded by the King's highway called Le Windgates. Many parish churches in Dublin were also annexed to it. By a special charter of 1305 the abbot was granted judicial powers and held his own court, hence the name Thomas Court, still used. The estate was exempt from the jurisdiction of the Mayor, and owing to its special privileges was known as St. Thomas's Liberty, or simply the Liberty. As recently as 1836 there were no fewer than five liberties in Dublin, though the privileges had for the most part long fallen into disuse. The Abbots of St. Thomas became increasingly powerful, and often held the highest Government appointments in Ireland. Kilruddery was used as their place of recreation. Their sylvan theatre, fishponds, bowling green and the labyrinth could still be seen there until lately. The wealth and fame of the Abbey led to its suppression in 1539 by Henry VIII, who granted part of the estate to Sir W. Brabazon, a Government official. The Abbey was for some years the town residence of the Brabazon family and subsequently of their descendants, the Earls of Meath, still the ground landlords of this district and the owners of Kilruddery. The privileges remained, though transferred to the Brabazon family, hence the name of this district, the Liberties, is still retained.

Tinnahinch House, gift to Henry Grattan

Tinnahinch · townland · Wicklow

Tinnahinch House was once the seat of Henry Grattan, presented to him by the grateful nation after the Declaration of Independence. The house and grounds have since been walled in from view by the present owner.

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At the end of this upper road, by which we leave the Dargle, a steep hill on the right leads past Enniskerry Church and village ; the road on the left going steeply down to the charming Tinnahinch Bridge and Tinnahinch House. The latter was once the seat of Henry Grattan, presented to him by the grateful nation after the Declaration of Independence. The house and grounds have been completely walled in from view
126 POWERSCOURT

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 64

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Tinnahinch stands Tinnahinch House, once the seat of Henry Grattan. It was presented to him by the grateful nation after the Declaration of Independence. You would not see it today, as the house and grounds have been completely walled in from view.

Widespread single-room occupancy in Dublin tenements

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1911–1919

Over a third of all families in Dublin lived as occupiers of just one room, despite an unusually large professional class, reflecting deep urban poverty alongside affluence in the city.

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The population of Dublin is 304,802, an increase of 4-8 per cent, since 1901. Over a third of the total number of families in Dublin are occupiers of one room only. An unusually large proportion of the population belong to the professional class, and there are a great number of extremely poor. The
POSTAL INFORMATION— RAILWAYS 37

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Dublin, consider this: in 1911 the city held 304,802 people. Over a third of all families here occupied just one room. Yet Dublin also had an unusually large professional class, and a great number of extremely poor. Affluence and hardship lived side by side, pressed into the same streets.

Archbishops of Dublin resided at Swords until 1327

Swords · town · Dublin

Swords was an important ecclesiastical center; until 1327 the Archbishops of Dublin lived here, after which they moved their residence to Tallaght. The picturesque ruins of the Archiepiscopal Palace remain, surrounded by embattled walls with towers at their angles.

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The Belfry, which now forms part of the modern church, though quite separate from it, dates from the fourteenth century, and is the only remaining part of the once grand monastery of Swords. A short distance away are the picturesque ruins of the Archiepiscopal Palace (now a nursery garden), surrounded by embattled walls with towers at their angles. These remains sufficiently establish the claim of Swords to have been at one time a very important place. Swords is the oldest town in the county, and until 1327 the Archbishops of Dublin lived here — after that date at Tallaght. The town was founded by St. Columba. The present village is miserable enough. The name Swords means pure, from the well near which the ancient church was built about 560. The place was formerly known as Sord-Columbkill, and it is recorded that it was burnt and plundered by the Danes no fewer than ten times between 993 and 1 1 66.
The visitor who returns to Dublin by road from Swords or Malahide will have an opportunity of visiting the Holy Well of St. Wereburghe, a seventh-century saint, daughter of the King of Mercia, About four miles south of Malahide is the quaint httle Church of St. Doulough, a mediaeval building on an ancient foundation. This church was built by the Danes ; it does not stand due east and west. It has a double stone roof (an Irish architectural feature), a crypt with the saint's tomb, a hermit's cell in the roof, and a penitential bed in the thickness of the wall. Near the church is the Holy Well of the Blessed Virgin, under a stone cone ; and in the roadway are the stone basement and socket of an ancient Cross. Crosses were used in ancient times to mark out church lands ; several may still be seen.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 49

Countess of Aberdeen's Irish Industries Depot

Lincoln Place · street · Dublin

The Countess of Aberdeen started needlework and home-industry initiatives in Dublin, giving impetus to Irish home industries; the Irish Industries Depot near Nassau Street sold homespuns, lace, embroidery and linen goods made largely by convents and rural workers.

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in Dublin (though much more in the West) ; it is all pure wool. Needlework, both art and plain, employs a good number. The chief dep6t for the former (with a shop attached) is the Royal School of Art Needlework in Lincoln Place, off Nassau Street. Next door is the Irish Industries Depot, where homespuns, lace, embroidery, linen goods, etc., can be bought, and where orders for work are gladly received. The Countess of Aberdeen started this work, and gave a great impetus to home industries in Ireland. Specimens may be seen at the dep6t, as also in the National Museum. There are also shops in Grafton Street and elsewhere where crochet and the lace for which Ireland is famed can be bought. The lace is largely, though not altogether, made in convents. The best known is that made in the school attached to the convent of the Poor Clares at Kenmare. There are, however, many varieties. Limerick and Carrickmacross laces have been made since about 1820. Point lace is also made at Youghal and New Cross. Irish crochet is excellent. The Irish certainly have a special aptitude for handicrafts requiring artistic skill. The beautiful hand-made Donegal carpets may be seen at the leading furniture shops.
Messrs. Jacob & Sons have a very large biscuit and cake factory in Bishop Street, employing over 3,000 people, mostly women.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

On this street in Lincoln Place, off Nassau Street, the Irish Industries Depot sold homespuns, lace, embroidery, and linen goods, and took orders for further work. The Countess of Aberdeen started the initiative and gave a great impetus to home industries across Ireland. Much of the lace was made in convents, though not all. The best-known came from the school attached to the convent of the Poor Clares at Kenmare. Limerick and Carrickmacross laces had been made since about 1820, and point lace was also made at Youghal and New Ross. Irish crochet was described as excellent, and the Irish were said to have a special aptitude for handicrafts requiring artistic skill. Next door to the depot stood the Royal School of Art Needlework, with a shop attached, the chief depot for art needlework in Dublin. Specimens of the work could also be seen at the National Museum, and crochet and lace were sold in shops on Grafton Street and elsewhere.

Edmund Burke born at Arran Quay

Arran Quay · street · Dublin · 1729

At No. 12, Arran Quay, the statesman Edmund Burke was born in 1729.

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Bridges on the way. The fine buildings almost opposite Winetavern Street are the Four Courts [see p. 77), and at No. 12, Arran Quay, to the west of them, Edmund Burke, the statesman, was born, in 1729.
Returning to Christ Church, we descend (away from the river) the ridge on which it stands by Nicholas and St. Patrick Streets. The slums between the two Cathedrals were formerly about the poorest, dirtiest, and quaintest part of Dublin. All along the road booths were pitched and sales carried on. One street, or part of it, was wholly devoted to meat, another to old clothes, another to crockery, and so forth, leaving but a narrow passage in the middle of the road between the stalls. Lord Iveagh in 1900, entirely at his own expense, bought a large part of these slums, and, having obtained parliamentary powers of compulsory purchase, pulled down the rookeries and replaced them with artizans' dwellings, a recreation hall, swimming baths, and a park, called St. Patrick's Park, at a cost of over a quarter of a million.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

Along here on Arran Quay, the fine buildings almost opposite Winetavern Street are the Four Courts. At number 12, to the west of them, Edmund Burke, the statesman, was born in 1729. The guidebook that records this also describes what lay nearby when you turned away from the river, down the ridge from Christ Church by Nicholas and Patrick Streets. The slums between the two cathedrals were about the poorest, dirtiest, and quaintest part of Dublin. Booths were pitched all along the road and sales carried on. One street was wholly devoted to meat, another to old clothes, another to crockery, leaving a narrow passage in the middle between the stalls. In 1900 Lord Iveagh, entirely at his own expense, bought a large part of these slums. Having obtained parliamentary powers of compulsory purchase, he pulled down the rookeries and replaced them with artisans' dwellings, a recreation hall, swimming baths, and a park called St. Patrick's Park, at a cost of over a quarter of a million.

Founding and rebuilding of Christ Church Cathedral

Christ Church Cathedral · ecclesiastical site · Dublin · 1038

The Priory of the Holy Trinity was first erected by Sitric, the Danish King of Dublin, and Bishop Donatus in 1038, later rebuilt on a larger scale by Norman invaders and Archbishop Laurence O'Toole.

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The Priory of the Holy Trinity was first erected by Sitric, the Danish King of Dublin, and Donatus, the Bishop, in 1038. The Norman invaders and Archbishop Laurence O 'Toole rebuilt the church on a larger and more magnificent scale, founding it on the still existing crypt, and succeeding prelates further enlarged, altered, or added to it. In 1541 Henry VIII dissolved the priory and reconstituted it " the deanery and chapter of Christ Church." Lambert Simnel was crowned here in i486, and in 1551 the Liturgy was read in English here for the first time in Ireland. In 1559, Parliament seems to have met within its walls, but the bu Hdings
6o CHRIST CHURCH CATHEDRAL

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 27

As the companion tells it

Right beside you here is Christ Church Cathedral. The story begins in 1038, when Sitric, the Danish King of Dublin, and Bishop Donatus first erected the Priory of the Holy Trinity on this ground. Norman invaders and Archbishop Laurence O'Toole later rebuilt the church on a larger and more magnificent scale, founding it on the still existing crypt. Henry VIII dissolved the priory in 1541 and reconstituted it as the deanery and chapter of Christ Church. The Liturgy was read in English here for the first time in Ireland in 1551, and Parliament seems to have met within its walls in 1559.

Marino House and the Earl of Charlemont's circle

near Marino · townland · Dublin

Marino House, once the residence of James, Earl of Charlemont, was frequented by Grattan, Curran, and Flood, and its collections of sculpture and painting have since been removed to County Tyrone.

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Marino House, now a Roman Catholic training institution for the Christian Brothers, is a fine stone mansion, and has in its day been the shrine of rich treasures of sculpture and painting. These collections, with those from the town house in Rutland Square, have been removed to the Caulfeilds' seat in County Tyrone. Grattan, Curran, and Flood were frequent visitors during the residence here of the Earl. The demesne, some two hundred acres in extent, contains some fine trees, and from the roof of the Doric Temple a splendid view is obtained of the Bay, Howth Hill, and the Dublin and Wicklow hiUs. It is, however, difficult to obtain entrance to the demesne. At Clontarf also is the O'Brien Institute for Roman Catholic Orphan Boys.
About a mile and a half inland from Clontarf is Artane, a large and well-known Industrial School for boys, under the charge of the Christian Brothers, a lay religious brotherhood whose special work is educational. They have charge of many day and other schools in Ireland. About 800 boys live at Artane, and are educated and taught various trades. There is a large farm, besides some sixteen or more different workshops. The place is well worth a visit.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 43

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here stands Marino House, a fine stone mansion that was once the residence of James, Earl of Charlemont. In his day it was what the guide calls the shrine of rich treasures of sculpture and painting. Those collections, along with others from his town house in Rutland Square, have since been removed to the Caulfeilds' seat in County Tyrone. But the house is remembered as much for the men who gathered here. Grattan, Curran, and Flood were frequent visitors during the Earl's residence. The demesne runs to some 200 acres, with fine trees, and from the roof of the Doric Temple there is a splendid view of the Bay, Howth Hill, and the Dublin and Wicklow hills. The guide notes, though, that it is difficult to obtain entrance to the demesne. Marino House itself has since become a Roman Catholic training institution for the Christian Brothers. The Christian Brothers are a lay religious brotherhood whose special work is educational, and they have charge of many day and other schools in Ireland.

Moira House at Usher's Island, once fashionable, later mendicity offices

Usher's Island · street · Dublin · 1775

The long low building at Usher's Island, formerly Moira House of the Rawdons, Earls of Moira, was used as offices of the Society for the Suppression of Mendicity. John Wesley stayed here in 1775 and called it the handsomest house he had ever seen.

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By still continuing westward, along Arran Quay, the visitor will find, at No, 12, the Birthplace of Edmund Burke. Burke was born in 1728 or '29, entered Trinity College in 1744, and went to London in 1750. On this quay also is the fine St. Paul's Roman Catholic Church, which contains a handsome altar and a painting in the semi-dome of the apse. Beyond Queen's Bridge, at Usher's Island, on the other side of the Lifiey, may be seen a long low building, used as the offices of the Society for the Suppression of Mendicity. This was formerly the Moira House of the Rawdons, Earls of Moira, when Usher's Island was a pretty rural suburb ; and afterwards when it was a gay and fashionable neighbourhood. John Wesley stayed here in 1775, and spoke of it as the handsomest house he had ever seen.
Barrack or Victoria Bridge next spans the Liffey. King's Bridge, still farther west, is a handsome structure, erected in memory of George IV's visit to Ireland. On its south side are the Kingsbridge Terminus of the Great Southern and Western Line and Steeven's and Dean Swift's Hospitals ; and on the north the Blue Coat School, founded by Charles II for the children of poor citizens, and the Royal Barracks and Soldiers' Home. One of the entrances to Phoenix Park is quite close to this bridge.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 35

As the companion tells it

Along here on Usher's Island, there is a long low building that was once Moira House, the home of the Rawdons, Earls of Moira. Usher's Island was then a pretty rural suburb, and later a gay and fashionable neighbourhood. The building later served as the offices of the Society for the Suppression of Mendicity. In 1775, John Wesley stayed here, and spoke of it as

Monument to O'Connell at his native Cahirciveen

Cahersiveen · town · Kerry · 1847

A magnificent cathedral was built at Cahirciveen, County Kerry, O'Connell's native place, to preserve his memory after his death broken-hearted following the failure of the Repeal movement and the famine of 1846.

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Since that time many of the most unjust and oppressive Acts have been repealed. Owing almost entirely to Daniel O'Connell, who made his first speech in 1800, Catholic Emancipation was secured in 1829. His great Repeal movement of '41 was, however, doomed to failure, and he himself was committed to Richmond prison, and though afterwards released by the House of Lords the confinement told on his weakened and ageing frame. The famine of '46 completed his prostration, and another of Ireland's heroes died brokenhearted. A magnificent cathedral at Cahirciveen, County Kerry, his native place, and a monument in DubUn preserve

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 21

As the companion tells it

As you come through Cahirciveen in Kerry, this is the native place of Daniel O'Connell, who made his first speech in 1800 and secured Catholic Emancipation in 1829. His great Repeal movement failed, and he was committed to Richmond prison. The House of Lords released him, but the confinement told on his weakened and ageing frame. The famine of '46 completed his prostration, and he died brokenhearted. A magnificent cathedral was built here at Cahirciveen to preserve his memory.

Powerscourt name from De La Poer, attacked by O'Tooles and O'Byrnes

Powerscourt · parish · Wicklow

The name Powerscourt derives from De La Poer, a Norman knight of Strongbow's company who built a castle here that was frequently attacked by the O'Tooles and O'Byrnes of the Wicklow hills, the former of whom had originally owned the land.

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visits to this charming district. The name is derived from De La Poer, one of the Norman knights of Strongbow's company, who built a castle here, which was frequently attacked by the O'Tooles and O' Byrnes of the Wicklow hills, the former of whom originally owned the land. These names are still common here.
Beyond the house the drive continues by the edge of the stream through beautiful shrubberies and plantations, passing enormous Wellingtonia firs and Chili pines (monkey puzzle), and almost every known variety of fir tree.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 65

Royal landings at Kingstown

Kingstown · townland · Dublin · 1849–1911

Queen Victoria landed at Victoria Wharf in Kingstown in 1849, 1853 and 1900; King Edward and Queen Alexandra landed there in 1903 and 1904; and King George and Queen Mary in 1911.

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Kingstown derives its name, as Thackeray puts it, from the happy circumstance that George IV quitted Ireland here. The event is commemorated not only by the name, but by the obelisk, supported on four granite balls, which stands near Carlisle Pier. Queen Victoria landed at the Victoria Wharf, opposite the station, in 1849, in 1853, and again in 1900. King Edward and Queen Alexandra landed here in July, 1903, and again in April, 1904; and King George and Queen Mary in 191 1, To commemorate Queen Victoria's last visit an ornamental drinking fountain was erected, and the Queen's Road, a fine esplanade just above the Harbour, laid out. At the other end of this road a pleasant open space has been planted and continues for some little way along the East Pier, and also to the fine Victoria Baths. Here maybe enjoyed all sorts of baths, medicinal, sea and fresh water, for both ladies and gentlemen. There are many charitable institutions, hospitals, asylums, orphanages, etc., in the neighbourhood.
Near the station is a Winter Garden and Pavilion, where concerts and entertainments are given in summer. There is a well-kept Public Park, with children's playgrounds, just beyond the East Pier.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 55

Ruins of St Lawrence's Gate and St Mary's Abbey

Drogheda · town · Louth

Of the abbey and convent walls levelled by Cromwell only fragments remain, but St Lawrence's Gate and part of St Mary's Abbey still exist in ruins in Drogheda.

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The name Drogheda means " the bridge of the ford." Since the beginning of the tenth century, when it was one of the principal strongholds of the Danes, it has had more than its share of warfare. It was a frequent battle-ground during the wars between the Irish and the barons of the Pale, and has been taken and retaken times without number. It was at Drogheda that the notorious Poynings Act, making the Irish Parliament a mere " Registration Court " of laws passed in England, was framed at the end of the fifteenth century by Lord-Deputy Poynings. The deepest tinge to its crimsoned page was given by Cromwell, who, having landed in Dublin with thirteen thousand men, proceeded straight to Drogheda, then garrisoned by the Royalist army, and summoned it to surrender. Having received a defiant answer, he forthwith battered its walls with his heavy artillery till breaches appeared, carried the town by a tremendous assault, and put nearly every man of the garrison, and many of the inhabitants, to the sword. Of the strong walls of the abbey and the convent which he levelled only fragments remain. Besides these fragments, St. Lawrence's Gate and a part of St. Mary's Abbey still exist, in ruins.
Drogheda, which occupies both of the river banks, would be in the counties of Meath and Louth were it not that Henry IV raised it and the surrounding district into a separate county, which has its separate assize court and other privileges, with the exception of representation in the House ; but this has since been modified by the Local Government Act of 1898.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 50

As the companion tells it

You are coming through Drogheda, a town whose name means the bridge of the ford. Since the start of the 10th century it was one of the principal strongholds of the Danes, and it has had more than its share of warfare. It was a frequent battleground during the wars between the Irish and the barons of the Pale, taken and retaken times without number. It was here too that the notorious Poynings Act, making the Irish Parliament a mere Registration Court of laws passed in England, was framed at the end of the 15th century by Lord-Deputy Poynings. But the deepest tinge to its crimsoned page was given by Cromwell. He landed in Dublin with 13000 men, proceeded straight to Drogheda, then garrisoned by the Royalist army, and summoned it to surrender. Receiving a defiant answer, he battered its walls with heavy artillery till breaches appeared, carried the town by assault, and put nearly every man of the garrison and many of the inhabitants to the sword. Of the strong walls of the abbey and the convent which he levelled, only fragments remain. Besides those fragments, St Lawrence's Gate and a part of St Mary's Abbey still exist in ruins. The town occupies both banks of the river. Henry the Fourth raised it and the surrounding district into a separate county with its own assize court and other privileges, though this was later modified by the Local Government Act of 1898.

St. Nessan founds first Howth Abbey on Ireland's Eye

Ireland's Eye · townland · Dublin · 570

Ireland's Eye, also known as St. Nessan's Island, was the site where St. Nessan founded the first Howth Abbey in 570, one of the earliest Christian churches in Ireland. Some remains of this foundation still stand, and the abbey was later transferred to the peninsula in 1235.

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Adjoining the station is the extensive but badly-situated Harbour, which was constructed in 1807 at a cost of about ;^3oo,ooo as a packet station, but was abandoned in favour of Kingstown Harbour, by reason of the insufficient depth of water except at certain tides. " Had it been constructed but one furlong to the eastward of its present situation, the navy of Great Britain might have been moored within it, sheltered from the prevailing winds, in a safe anchorage, and with a depth of water uninfluenced by ebb or flow of tide." There is a large lighthouse on the east pier, and two smaller ones on the west pier. Of late years the Harbour has been dredged, and is utilized as an important fishing station. Farther out is the picturesque rocky islet called Ireland's Eye (Ey is a Celtic afi&x meaning island), and beyond may be seen Lambay Island. Ireland's Eye is also known as St. Nessan's Island, from the saint who, in 570, founded the first Hov/th Abbey on it (one of the earliest Christian churches in Ireland), some remains of which are still standing. The abbey was transferred to the peninsula in 1235. If the weather be calm, the visitor should hire a boat for a pull across to the picturesque islet, with its broken and jagged outlines. Boat there and back, including waiting an hour, 25. 6d.
Of the two roads seen soon after leaving the station, the

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 46

St. Thomas's Abbey granted judicial powers, origin of Thomas Court

Thomas Court · street · Dublin · 1305

By a special charter of 1305 the abbot of St. Thomas's Abbey was granted judicial powers and held his own court, giving rise to the name Thomas Court, still used. The estate was exempt from the jurisdiction of the Mayor and became known as St. Thomas's Liberty.

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The property of St. Thomas's Abbey rapidly increased, and as early as 11 80 it appears to have included estates in the south of Ireland and also that of Kilruddery, near Bray, bounded (as it still is) by the King's highway " Le Windgates " {see p. 134). Many parish churches in Dublin were also annexed, and by a special charter of 1305 the abbot was granted judicial powers, and held his own court (hence the name, still used, Thomas Court). The estate was exempt from the jurisdiction of the Mayor, and owing to its special privileges was known as St. Thomas's Liberty or " the Liberty.'^ As recently as 1836 there were no fewer than five liberties in Dublin, though the privileges had for the most part long fallen into disuse. The Abbots of St. Thomas became increasingly powerful, and often held the highest Government appointments in Ireland. Kilruddery was used as their place of recreation. Their sylvan theatre, fishponds, bowling green, etc., may still be seen there, and the labyrinth also till lately. The wealth and fame of the Abbey led to its suppression in 1539 by Henry VIII, who granted part of the estate to Sir W. Brabazon, a Government official. The Abbey was for some years the town residence of the Brabazon family and subsequently of their descendants, the Earls of Heath, still the ground landlords of this district and the owners of Kilruddery. The privileges remained, though transferred to the Brabazon family, hence the name of this district, " the Liberties," is still retained.
We now proceed along Upper Kevin Street, which skirts the south front of St. Patrick's Cathedral, past the Deanery House and the old Archiepiscopal Palace, now a Police Barracks. In this street are the City of Dublin Technical Schools, open to both men and women, and attended by over 1,000 students. New buildings were erected in 1899. Opposite Kevin Street is the somewhat dingy-looking Bishop Street. Here is the Moravian Church, and at the farther end Jacob's Biscuit Factory, employing over 3,000 hands.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 29

As the companion tells it

Along this street you are at Thomas Court in Dublin, a name that goes back to a special charter of 1305. By that charter the abbot of St. Thomas's Abbey was granted judicial powers and held his own court. The court gave the place its name, Thomas Court, still in use today. The estate was exempt from the jurisdiction of the Mayor, and owing to its special privileges became known as St. Thomas's Liberty, or simply the Liberty. The property of St. Thomas's Abbey had rapidly increased before that, with estates across the south of Ireland and many parish churches in Dublin annexed to it. The abbots became increasingly powerful men. They often held the highest Government appointments in Ireland. Kilruddery, near Bray, was used as their place of recreation. Their sylvan theatre, fishponds, and bowling green may still be seen there, and the labyrinth also until lately. As recently as 1836 there were no fewer than five liberties in Dublin, though the privileges had for the most part long fallen into disuse. The wealth and fame of the Abbey led to its suppression in 1539 by Henry VIII, who granted part of the estate to Sir W. Brabazon, a Government official. The Abbey was for some years the town residence of the Brabazon family and subsequently of their descendants, the Earls of Heath, still the ground landlords of this district and the owners of Kilruddery. The privileges remained, though transferred to the Brabazon family, and the name of this district, the Liberties, is still retained.

Tallaght Castle, palace of the Dublin primates until 1821

near Tallaght · town · Dublin · 1324–1821

Tallaght Castle, built by Archbishop Breknor in 1324, served as the palace of the Dublin primates down to 1821; only its creeper-covered lofty tower now remains.

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though an old place, has from a distance a modern appearance, which, however, is modified on nearer acquaintance. The old square tower on the right of the road is the sole remaining fragment of Bancroft Castle, now part of a farmhouse. Higher up the road is the Dominican Convent, with a pretty chapel. The creeper-covered, lofty tower is all that remains of Tallaght Castle, built by Archbishop Breknor in 1324. It was the palace of the Dublin primates down to 1821. Visitors may enter the grounds.
From Tallaght the road winds round and up, through richly-wooded and brilliantly green countr}'', with rapidly shifting panoramas of the hills on the left, and the broad " Plain of the Birds " extending north-eastwards as far as Howth Hill.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 81

Tinahely rebuilt after the 1798 rebellion

Tinahely · town · Wicklow · 1798

The market town of Tinahely was rebuilt after the rising of 1798, and near the town stand the remains of a mansion belonging to Wentworth, Earl Strafford.

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Leaving Aughrim the line follows the valley of the Derry to Ballinglen (nine miles), with Croghan Kinshela (1,987 ft.) on the left. At the pleasant little market-town of Tinahely we reach the Shillelagh stream. Near the town, which was rebuilt after '98, are the remains of a mansion of Wentworth, Earl Strafford. Following the stream for four and a half miles, we have the fine demesne of Coolattin on the left ; it was wrested by Strafford by a legal quibble from the O' Byrnes, and afterwards passed into the hands of an ancestor of Earl Fitzwilliam. The mansion is not interesting, but it stands in a park of about four hundred acres, tastefully laid out and planted with fine forest trees. [Public admitted. Car 4s.) Then we reach the little town of Shillelagh, which gave its name to the famous " shtick " of Irishmen, shillelagh oak forests having formerly existed in perfection here. Turlogh, Kingof Leinster, made William Rufus a present of some of this exceedingly hard and durable wood for the roof of Westminster Hall, and the roof of St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin was also of shillelagh oak. The town is of no great extent, the principal public building being the Church, erected in 1834, in a picturesque situation, mainly at the cost of the Earl Fitzwilliam of that time.
Here the line terminates. Should a return to Dublin by a different route be desired car can be taken westward for eight miles to TuIIow, in County Carlow, the terminus of a branch of the Great Southern and Western Railway running northward through Baltinglass and Harristown, and thence via Sallins Junction to Dublin. From Harristown the Poulaphouca Waterfalls, 5 miles away (p. 155), can be visited, and the return to Dublin made by the Blessington Steam Tramway.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 79

Troopers surprised and slain in Glenmalure during 1798

near Glenmalur · valley · Wicklow · 1798

In the troubles of 1798, a body of troopers were surprised and slain in Glenmalure glen, adding to its history as a site of ambush and conflict.

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Here the wild, stern, magnificent Glenmalure Pass, one of the grandest in the country, commences, and runs upwards to the right for four or five miles into the recesses of the mountains, where Feagh O'Byrne maintained for 5^ears a strong position. Lord Grey, who was sent with a large force to subdue him, met with a disastrous defeat in this glen, the Irish charging down upon him when he was about half-way through, and almost annihilating his army. " It was the hottest piece of service that ever I saw," wrote one of the survivors. In the '98 troubles a body of troopers were surprised and slain in the glen also. The Pass has wooded hillsides here and there, and tumbling cascades ; further on the hills are barren. At the head of the Pass is the Ess Waterfall. Lugdufl lies to the right, and the giant Lugnaquilla (3,039 ft.) overlooks the Pass on the left. The ascent of the latter is usually commenced at Drumgoff, and takes three hours. From the highest point five counties are said to be visible. There is a good military road from Glenmalure across the hills right on to Aughavanagh, from which Aughrim (p. 149) can be reached. The beautiful Glen of Imaal lies on the far side of Lugnaquilla. Cyclists may note that this is a stiff road, uphill nearly all the way.
On the way back from Glenmalure a sharp turn to the right leads to the beautiful demesne of Ballinacor, through which visitors are kindly allowed to drive. The river Avonbeg runs at the foot of the wooded slopes, which in late spring are ablaze with magnificent rhododendrons. There are a number of great ice-carried boulders about. The road from Drumgoff follows the Avonbeg for eight miles to the Meeting of the Waters, first on the left side of the stream, then crossing it at Strand Bridge, and continuing down the right bank.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 76

Archbishop Ussher's refuge on Lambay Island

Lambay Island · townland · Dublin

On Lambay Island stands a ruined fort and castle in which Archbishop Ussher took refuge for a time. The castle has since been repaired and skilfully enlarged.

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mouth of the creek by a viaduct and embankment. Then comes the promontory of Portrane, on which are a conspicuous monument and the fine buildings of Portrane Asylum, a branch of Richmond Lunatic Asylum. Seaward we have a good view of Lambay Island and its lofty cliffs. Lambay Island is about four miles in circumference, and is inhabited by a few coastguard men and their families, and some fishermen. Here, too, a church was founded by St. Columba. The island has fine cliffs and great quantities of seabirds. It boasts also a ruined fort and castle ; in the latter Archbishop Ussher took refuge for a time. The Castle has recently been repaired and most skilfully enlarged.
Near the next station, Rush and Lusk, we see on the left the remains of a Round Tower and an old church. This circular belfry is built into the steeple of the church. It is loo feet high and of great antiquity.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 49

Cromlech discovered near Chapelizod gate

near Chapelizod · townland · Dublin · 1836

A cromlech was discovered in 1836 near the Chapelizod gate of Phoenix Park, containing two human skulls and a necklace, now held in the National Museum.

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Turning down any of the roads to the left of the Phoenix we reach, near the Chapelizod gate of the Park, the Royal Hibernian Military School and a Cromlech discovered in 1836 ; the two human skulls and necklace contained in the cromlech are in the National Museum. Between the Chapelizod gate and Parkgate the beautiful lower road near the Lifiey runs, and here also is one of the most beautiful and least-known parts of the Park, the Hawthorn or Fairy (Furry) Glen. This glen ought, of course, to be visited in May or early June, when the hawthorns are in blossom. There are an immense number of these trees, many evidently very old. The undulating ground and the sheets of water add to the picturesqueness and beauty of this secluded part of the Park. Another beautiful glen lies to the right of the Hibernian School.
We can leave the Park by this south-west and most remote gate, Knockmaroon, to enter the celebrated —

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 38

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, near the Chapelizod gate of Phoenix Park, a cromlech was discovered in 1836. It contained two human skulls and a necklace, and those finds are now held in the National Museum. The Royal Hibernian Military School stood close by as well.

Druidical Chair and Cromlech near Killiney

Killiney · townland · Dublin

In a field on the road to Bray, half a mile from Ballybrack, is a cromlech, and higher up the hill is a so-called Druidical Chair surrounded by oaks. Rocks near the north end of the Strand are known as the Druid's Landing-Place.

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charmingly situated, with a fine beach, above which stands a martello tower. Killiney Hill {see page 115) can also be ascended from this point. In a field on the right of the road to Bray, half a mile from Ballybrack, is a cromlech, and higher up the hill is a so-called Druidical Chair, surrounded by oaks. Some rocks near the north end of the Strand are known as the Druid's Landing-Place. Above the station, surrounded by a high wall, are the remains of an ancient church and cross which will interest antiquaries. This church, difficult of access, probably dates back to the fifth century. The churches of this period (the remains of about forty may be seen in County Dublin) were all small and plain, about forty-eight feet long, and quite without ornamentation, though this at Killiney has, for a wonder, a cross on the lintel. Another is at Kill o' the Grange, near Monkstown, and here too is one of the old crosses already referred to as marking out church lands. Ballybrack, or the " Speckled Town," really part of Killiney, faces a fine prospect in the direction of Bray. This neighbourhood is a favourite and fashionable residential place, and pretty villas surrounded by trees dot the hillsides. Even in winter the climate is mild and agreeable (9-hole golf links) . Beyond Killiney the hills fall back and reveal the charming Vale of Shanganagh, bounded by range after range of hills. Here the Harcourt Street line joins, and in a few minutes, with striking scenery on either hand, passing the golf links on the right of the line, we reach Bray.
DUBLIN TO BRAY BY THE INLAND ROUTE.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

Close to Killiney, the old stones are still to be found. In a field on the road to Bray, half a mile from Ballybrack, there is a cromlech. Higher up the hill stands what is called a Druidical Chair, ringed by oaks. Down near the north end of the Strand, some rocks are known as the Druid's Landing-Place. The hill itself can be climbed from this point, and there is a fine beach below with a martello tower standing above it. Above the station, inside a high wall, are the remains of an ancient church and cross. The church is hard to reach and probably dates back to the fifth century. The churches of this period were all small and plain, about 48 feet long, and without ornamentation, though this one at Killiney has, for a wonder, a cross on the lintel. The remains of about 40 such churches may be seen in County Dublin. Ballybrack, or the Speckled Town, is really part of Killiney, and faces a fine prospect in the direction of Bray. This neighbourhood is a favourite residential place, with pretty villas surrounded by trees dotting the hillsides. Even in winter the climate is mild and agreeable.

St Erc, first Bishop of Slane, died 512

Slane · townland · Meath · 512

The ruin of St Erck's (or Erc's) Chapel is in the grounds of Slane and is supposed to date from his time; Erc was a contemporary of St Patrick and the first Bishop of Slane, who died in 512 aged ninety.

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the Boyne, are open to visitors. The river hereabouts is very beautiful. George IV visited Slane. There is a striking view of the river and its beautiful banks from Slane Bridge, with the grounds of Slane Castle on one side and Beauparc on the other. In the grounds of Slane (Marquis of Conyngham's) is a curious and ancient stone called the Twelve Apostles, with the apostles' heads carved on it. This stone came originally from Mellifont Abbey, and is said to have been lost to the Abbey through a gambling debt. The ruin of St. Erck's (or Erc's) Chapel is also in the grounds and is supposed to date from his time. Erck was a contemporary of St. Patrick and the first Bishop of Slane ; he died in 512, when ninety years old.
From Drogheda a branch line runs by Navan, Beauparc and Kells to Oldcastle, through a famous hunting and angling region, rich in historical and religious associations. A little beyond Navan is Donaghpatrick, with its great rath, for here, too, was an ancient royal residence. The church occupies one of the most ancient ecclesiastical sites in Ireland. St. Patrick certainly preached here. The place is mentioned in the Book of Armagh.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Slane, in the grounds belonging to the Marquis of Conyngham, is the ruin of St Erck's Chapel, or Erc's Chapel. It is supposed to date from his time. Erc was a contemporary of St Patrick and the first Bishop of Slane. He died in the year 512, when he was ninety years old. Also in these grounds is a curious and ancient stone called the Twelve Apostles, with the apostles' heads carved on it. This stone came originally from Mellifont Abbey, and is said to have been lost to the Abbey through a gambling debt. George IV visited Slane. The river hereabouts is very beautiful, and the Boyne is open to visitors here. There is a striking view of the river and its beautiful banks from Slane Bridge, with the grounds of Slane Castle on one side and Beauparc on the other.

Chapelizod's legendary origin and old belfry tower

near Chapelizod · townland · Dublin

The village of Chapelizod is said to date from the time of King Arthur and derive its name from La belle Iseult. Its old square belfry tower is said to have formed part of the former priory of Kilmainham.

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The picturesque old-world village of Chapelizod is said to date from the time of the British King Arthur, and to derive its name from La belle Iseult, or Izod. The name can be traced back in State documents to the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Later it was an adjunct of the priory at Kilmainham, and the old square belfry tower attached to the Protestant Church is said to have formed part of the religious house. Close to Chapelizod are the Hermitage Golf Links, one of the finest courses around Dublin.
At Parkgate (or at the Chapelizod or Knockmaroon gates, as may be most convenient), the Lucan and Leixlip Electric Tram (cars, ist and 3rd, every half -hour) should be taken for the seven-mile run through the little villages of Chapelizod and Palmerston to —

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 38

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is Chapelizod, a picturesque old village said to date from the time of King Arthur and to take its name from La belle Iseult, or Izod. The name appears in State documents from the 11th and 12th centuries. Later it was an adjunct of the priory at Kilmainham, and the old square belfry tower attached to the Protestant Church is said to have formed part of that religious house.

Donaghpatrick: ancient royal residence and preaching site

Donaghpatrick · townland · Meath

Donaghpatrick, near Navan, has a great rath marking an ancient royal residence, and its church occupies one of the most ancient ecclesiastical sites in Ireland; St Patrick certainly preached here and the place is mentioned in the Book of Armagh.

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From Drogheda a branch line runs by Navan, Beauparc and Kells to Oldcastle, through a famous hunting and angling region, rich in historical and religious associations. A little beyond Navan is Donaghpatrick, with its great rath, for here, too, was an ancient royal residence. The church occupies one of the most ancient ecclesiastical sites in Ireland. St. Patrick certainly preached here. The place is mentioned in the Book of Armagh.
At Kells, a pleasant Little town, may be seen the sculptured Cross of Kells, some nine feet high, and farther up, near the Church, St. Columb's House, a small stone building with a stone roof. The tiny upper rooms have a curious arched ceiling. There are three other crosses (not all perfect) and a Round Tower close to the Church.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 52

Roof collapse and decay of Christ Church Cathedral

Christ Church Cathedral · ecclesiastical site · Dublin · 1551–1559

After the Liturgy was read in English there for the first time in Ireland in 1551 and Parliament met within its walls in 1559, the buildings fell into decay and the roof of the south and west portions collapsed, crushing everything beneath.

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were neglected and allowed to fall into decay, and a year or two afterwards the walls and roof of a great part of the south and west portions fell in, crushing everything beneath. The Cathedral remained in a deplorable state, getting worse every year, until 1871, when the late Mr. Henry Roe, a distiller of Dublin, offered to defray the expense of a thorough restoration. The work cost Mr. Roe something like a quarter of a million pounds. Mr. Street, the architect, adhered as closely as possible to the original plan, making some interesting discoveries during the rebuilding, and the result is a magnificent pile of buildings, probably bearing a close resemblance to the ancient cathedral. The plan is cruciform, with nave, transepts, choir, and chancel, a square battlemented tower rising from the intersection.
The Crypt, which is the oldest part, is well worth a visit. Many fragments of the old stonework may be distinguished, by their darker colour, in the pillars and other parts of the Cathedral.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 27

As the companion tells it

Right here at Christ Church Cathedral, the Liturgy was read in English for the first time in Ireland in 1551, and Parliament met within these walls in 1559. After that the buildings were neglected and fell into decay. The walls and roof of a great part of the south and west portions fell in, crushing everything beneath. The cathedral remained in a deplorable state, getting worse every year, until 1871, when Henry Roe, a Dublin distiller, offered to pay for a thorough restoration. The work cost him a quarter of a million pounds. The architect, Mr. Street, followed the original plan closely and made some interesting discoveries during the rebuilding. What you see now is a cruciform layout with nave, transepts, choir and chancel, and a square battlemented tower. The crypt is the oldest part, and fragments of old stonework can still be picked out by their darker colour.

St Columbkille's Cross broken, tradition blames Cromwell

Monasterboice · townland · Louth

At the south-east angle of the Monasterboice enclosure stands a broken but repaired cross called St Columbkille's Cross, which tradition says was broken by Cromwell, though this may actually refer to Secretary Cromwell under Henry VIII.

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Celtic ornamentation cut in the stone ; the other, Muredach's Cross, though not so high, is much more beautiful, and the sculpturings are considerably sharper. We may well wonder how these were done, with the rough tools of that time, and with what infinite patience. At the foot, on the west, is an inscription translated by Dr. Petrie into " A Prayer for Muredach, by whom the cross was made." As Abbot Muredach died in 924, this is the probable age of this wonderful production of the Celtic Christians. At the south-east angle of the enclosure stands a broken but repaired cross, called St. Columhkille's Cross. Tradition has it that Cromwell broke this in pieces. This was perhaps Secretary Cromwell, who under Henry VIII destroyed so many monastic treasures.
Regaining the main road and passing down the hill, a run of about five miles, with Killlneer House and its wooded demesne on the left, will bring us back to Drogheda.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

Sterne nearly drowned in the Annamoe mill-race

near Annamoe · population centre · Wicklow

At Annamoe, where the road from Roundwood joins, the author notes that the writer Laurence Sterne was nearly drowned in the mill-race there.

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If the tourist is proceeding to the Seven Churches (Glendalough) he will regain the road at the head of the Glen, where the car should be waiting. Then turning left for a quarter of a mile, and again to the right, four miles will bring him to Annamoe, where the road from Roundwood comes in. In the miU-race at Annamoe, Sterne was nearly drowned. Over the bridge, another four miles will take the tourist past Croppy's Grave, where lies buried a '98 rebel ; here the first grand view of the Glen of the Two Lakes is obtained. Then the road passes the little village of Laragh and the head of the broad valley of Glenmacnass to Glendalough. Glendalough is sixteen miles from Rathnew ; car fare, 125. It is pleasant and quite easy to combine the Devil's Glen and Glendalough in a day's excursion, either sleeping there or returning by the Vale of Clara to Rathdrum. In this way a different route is traversed going and returning.
Returning to Ashford or Newrath Bridge, another excursion can be made northward to the fine Pass of Dunran (about five miles), which, however, does not equal the Devil's Glen ; and from Ballinalea, below Ashford, the charming grounds of Cronroe (about three miles away) may be entered, and the View Rock ascended.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 71

As the companion tells it

As the road comes through Annamoe, the road from Roundwood joins here. At the mill-race, the writer Laurence Sterne was nearly drowned. The record gives no more than that: a single sentence, no date, no detail of how it came about. Just that it happened, in the mill-race at Annamoe. Over the bridge from here, the road carries on. Four miles on, it passes Croppy's Grave, where a 98 rebel lies buried, and there the first grand view opens of the Glen of the Two Lakes. Then comes the little village of Laragh, and the head of the broad valley of Glenmacnass, leading toward Glendalough. Glendalough is sixteen miles from Rathnew. The guide says it is pleasant and quite easy to combine the Devil's Glen and Glendalough in a day's excursion, either sleeping there or returning by the Vale of Clara to Rathdrum, so that a different route is taken going and coming back.

Sugar Loaf hills' original Irish name 'The Gilt Spears'

near Great Sugar Loaf · mountain or mountain range · Wicklow

The Sugar Loaf hills, though named for their conical shape, possess in the original Irish the more poetic name 'The Gilt Spears', a name given for the effect of the setting sun's rays on their peaks.

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Passing on down the Rocky Valley the little village of Kllmacanogue is passed, and then a sharp turn to the left is taken (the road on the right leads in about two miles to the Glen of the Downs, and on to Delgany and Greystones), running at the foot of the Little Sugar Loaf (1,120 feet). The view from this hill is also very beautiful and embraces the demesne of Kilruddery, not seen from the Big Sugar Loaf. To reach it take the hilly lane running up by the Kllmacanogue Post Office. Greystones can also be reached by this very pretty, little-known route, quite feasible for vehicles, though steep in parts. These Sugar Loaf Hills, though not inaptly named, possess in the original Irish the far more poetic name of " The Gilt Spears," bestowed because of the effect of the rays of the setting sun on their tall peaks.
At the entrance to Hollybrook, the first gate on the right at the bend of the road, we enter the charmingly-wooded

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 66

As the companion tells it

You're coming up to the Great Sugar Loaf in Wicklow. These hills are called Sugar Loaf for their conical shape, and the name fits well enough. But in the original Irish they carry a far more poetic name, The Gilt Spears. That name was bestowed because of the effect of the rays of the setting sun on their tall peaks. The road here runs at the foot of the Little Sugar Loaf, which stands at 1,120 feet, after passing through the village of Kilmacanogue. The view from that hill is very beautiful and takes in the demesne of Kilruddery, something you cannot see from the Big Sugar Loaf. There is a hilly lane running up by the Kilmacanogue Post Office that will take you to it. Greystones can also be reached by this route, a very pretty and little-known road, quite feasible for vehicles, though steep in parts.

Swift's Brook named for Dean Swift, benefactor of the lunatic asylum

Saggart · town · Dublin

Swift's Brook, between Saggart and Rathcoole, takes its name from Dean Swift, who held property there which he later left to found the Lunatic Asylum.

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At Corbally Bridge the line crosses a hollow, below which, on the right-hand side, runs the little Swift's Brook, between Saggart and Rathcoole. It receives its name from Dean Swift, who held the property here which he afterwards left to found the Tunatic Asylum. Saggart has important papermaking mills.
From Corbally Bridge the road ascends the side of the pleasant " Slade " or Valley of Saggart, at the bottom of which may be seen the old coach road and the bridge over the brook. Many of the hills on either side are over 1,000 feet high ; Saggart Hill, on the right, is 1,308 feet.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

As you come through Saggart, the little Swift's Brook runs between here and Rathcoole, down in the pleasant valley they call the Slade. The old coach road and the bridge over the brook can be seen at the bottom of the valley. It takes its name from Dean Swift, who held property in this area and afterwards left it to found the Lunatic Asylum. Saggart also has important paper-making mills.

Ancient Fifth-Century Church at Killiney

Killiney · townland · Dublin · 400–500

Above Killiney station stand the remains of an ancient church and cross probably dating to the fifth century, notable for having a cross on the lintel, unusual for churches of this period which were typically plain and about forty-eight feet long.

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charmingly situated, with a fine beach, above which stands a martello tower. Killiney Hill {see page 115) can also be ascended from this point. In a field on the right of the road to Bray, half a mile from Ballybrack, is a cromlech, and higher up the hill is a so-called Druidical Chair, surrounded by oaks. Some rocks near the north end of the Strand are known as the Druid's Landing-Place. Above the station, surrounded by a high wall, are the remains of an ancient church and cross which will interest antiquaries. This church, difficult of access, probably dates back to the fifth century. The churches of this period (the remains of about forty may be seen in County Dublin) were all small and plain, about forty-eight feet long, and quite without ornamentation, though this at Killiney has, for a wonder, a cross on the lintel. Another is at Kill o' the Grange, near Monkstown, and here too is one of the old crosses already referred to as marking out church lands. Ballybrack, or the " Speckled Town," really part of Killiney, faces a fine prospect in the direction of Bray. This neighbourhood is a favourite and fashionable residential place, and pretty villas surrounded by trees dot the hillsides. Even in winter the climate is mild and agreeable (9-hole golf links) . Beyond Killiney the hills fall back and reveal the charming Vale of Shanganagh, bounded by range after range of hills. Here the Harcourt Street line joins, and in a few minutes, with striking scenery on either hand, passing the golf links on the right of the line, we reach Bray.
DUBLIN TO BRAY BY THE INLAND ROUTE.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward

As the companion tells it

Close to Killiney, above the station and surrounded by a high wall, are the remains of an ancient church and cross. The church is difficult to access and probably dates back to the fifth century. Churches of this period were all small and plain, about 48 feet long, and quite without ornamentation. This one at Killiney has, for a wonder, a cross on the lintel. About 40 such remains may be seen in County Dublin. Another stands at Kill o' the Grange, near Monkstown, where one of the old crosses marking out church lands can also be found. The guide notes these remains will interest antiquaries.

Bective Abbey founded about 1150

Bective · townland · Meath · 1150

The ruins of Bective Abbey, a Cistercian monastery near Bective station, were founded about 1150 AD and its cloisters are well preserved.

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Nearly two miles from Bective station, on the direct line between Dublin and Navan, are the ruins of Bective Abbey, a Cistercian monastery, founded about 1 1 50 a.d. The cloisters are well preserved.
Trim, about twelve miles from Navan, is another town of great interest to archaeologists. It can be reached from either Navan or Dubhn vid Kilmessan. The conspicuous yellow steeple, a ruined tower some 125 feet high, stands on the site of an Abbey founded by St. Patrick. Some parts of the old wall and two of the town gates remain. The Castle was erected in 1173, and rebuilt half a century later. It is still inhabited, and, with its moat and great keep and towers, is well worth visiting. Trim was one of the strongholds of the " Pale."

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip19ward, Chapter 52

A pictorial and descriptive guide to Dublin and the Wicklow tours ..

The stories, best first

Malahide Castle begun in 1174

Trim Castle erected 1173, stronghold of the Pale

Custom House built at new site to bypass Stand-fast Dick Rock

Danes build Abbey of St Mary and Christ Church Cathedral

Downshire House burnt by 1798 rebels

Dowth Mound opened in 1847

Edmund Burke's birthplace on Arran Quay

Ferrycarrig: Crimean memorial and first Norman castle

Henry VIII dissolves the priory of Christ Church

House of Lords tapestries depict Boyne and Derry

Howth Abbey erected 1235 on site of Danish king Sitric's foundation

King O'Toole's tomb at Rhefert Church broken up by guides

Kingstown named for George IV's departure from Ireland

Leopardstown: The Corruption of Lepers' Town

MacMurrough assembles Welsh adventurers at Kilmainham

Magazine Fort known as Wharton's Folly, satirised by Swift

Maynooth Castle built and enlarged by the Geraldines

The prophetic tree at Howth Castle

The Twelve Apostles stone at Slane, lost from Mellifont

Botanic Gardens founded by Royal Dublin Society

Elk and Reindeer Remains Found Near Kiltiernan

Gerald the Great endows Maynooth College

Kingstown lifeboat crew lost in 1895-6 winter

Monasterboice founded by St Bute, destroyed by fire

Monument to Constable Sheehan at Hawkins Street/Burgh Quay

O'Tooles seize Black Castle during 1641 rising

Puck's Rock legend near Howth Head

Rathgall stone fort on a hilltop

Statue of William III at Dame Street, scene of Orange-Green frays

Suppression of St. Thomas's Abbey by Henry VIII

Tinnahinch House, gift to Henry Grattan

Widespread single-room occupancy in Dublin tenements

Archbishops of Dublin resided at Swords until 1327

Countess of Aberdeen's Irish Industries Depot

Edmund Burke born at Arran Quay

Founding and rebuilding of Christ Church Cathedral

Marino House and the Earl of Charlemont's circle

Moira House at Usher's Island, once fashionable, later mendicity offices

Monument to O'Connell at his native Cahirciveen

Powerscourt name from De La Poer, attacked by O'Tooles and O'Byrnes

Royal landings at Kingstown

Ruins of St Lawrence's Gate and St Mary's Abbey

St. Nessan founds first Howth Abbey on Ireland's Eye

St. Thomas's Abbey granted judicial powers, origin of Thomas Court

Tallaght Castle, palace of the Dublin primates until 1821

Tinahely rebuilt after the 1798 rebellion

Troopers surprised and slain in Glenmalure during 1798

Archbishop Ussher's refuge on Lambay Island

Cromlech discovered near Chapelizod gate

Druidical Chair and Cromlech near Killiney

St Erc, first Bishop of Slane, died 512

Chapelizod's legendary origin and old belfry tower

Donaghpatrick: ancient royal residence and preaching site

Roof collapse and decay of Christ Church Cathedral

St Columbkille's Cross broken, tradition blames Cromwell

Sterne nearly drowned in the Annamoe mill-race

Sugar Loaf hills' original Irish name 'The Gilt Spears'

Swift's Brook named for Dean Swift, benefactor of the lunatic asylum

Ancient Fifth-Century Church at Killiney

Bective Abbey founded about 1150