A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Castle Upton on site of Templar preceptory

   Templepatrick · townland · Antrim · 1558–1603

   Castle Upton, formerly called Norton Castle after Sir Robert Norton who founded it in the reign of Elizabeth, occupies the site of the ancient preceptory. It is a venerable mansion in the castellated style near the village.

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   The PARISH comprises 13,26l| statute acres, a considerable portion of which is mountain land, though affording good pasturage for sheep ; there is but a small tract of bog, scarcely yielding suflRcient fuel for the use of the inhabitants. The system of agriculture is beginning to improve under the auspices of Lord Templetown, the proprietor, who has subdivided the larger townlands ; increased the size of the farms ; drained and brought into cultivation great quantities of waste land ; laid out the whole valley from Castle Upton to the Si.\-mile-water as lawn and pasture ground, upon which large numbers of cattle are fed ; planted a great number of trees and whitethorn hedges ; and made many other improvements. Near the village, which contains 49 houses and has a receiving-house for letters under Antrim, is the venerable mansion of Castle Upton, formerly called Norton Castle, after Sir Robert Norton, by whom it was founded in the reign of Elizabeth : it occupies the site of the ancient preceptory, and is in the castellated style of architecture. The weaving of linen and calico, and the making of hosiery, are carried on in several of the farmhouses ; and in and near the village are extensive lime-works, supplied with limestone raised on the spot : there are also numerous quarries of basaltic stone, which is obtained in abundance. Two or three fairs are held annually in the parish ; and two of the largest in the county are held on its borders, one at Park Gate, a mile to the north, and the other at Oldstone, two miles to the west. This parish appears to have been one of the earliest Presbyterian settlements in Ireland : on the introduction of a Scottish colony into Ulster, Josias Welsh, grandson of the Scottish reformer John Knox, is said to have obtained possession of the church, from which he was ejected in 1631 by the Bishop of Down and Connor, fornonconformity ; he was, however, reinstated by Archbishop Ussher, and died in 1634. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Connor, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Donegal, in whom the rectory is impropriate : the tithe rent-charge is £273. 15., of which £52. 10. are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the \ icar. There was no church of the Establishment from the time of the Reformation till the year 182", when the present church, a small edifice with a tower at the west end, was erected on an elevated site, at an expense of £830 British, a gift from the late Board of First Fruits. At Lyle Hill is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly ; and in the village, one in connexion with the Remonstrant Synod.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 325

2. Cat and Mouse rocks and Swallow spring

   Rathconrath · townland · Westmeath

   On the road to Ballymore in Rathconrath parish stand two remarkable rocks called the Cat and the Mouse. Close by is a spring called the Swallow, whose waters immediately begin a subterranean course of one mile.

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   navigation by the Royal Canal, which passes near the northern and eastern boundaries of the parish. A patent exists for four fairs, which are not held. At Meares Court and Ballinacarra are corn-mills. On the road to Ballymore are two remarkable rocks, called the Cat and the Mouse ; and close to them is a spring, called the Swallow, the waters of which immediately commence a subterraneous course of one mile. In the parish are the two hills of Rathconrath and Skeagh, and the small lake of Loghan : formerly the hills were densely wooded with oak. In the village is a constabulary police station. On the l)anks of a fine sheet of water stands Mount D'Alton, once the residence of the ancient family of D'Alton, who were lords of Rathconrath and are counts of the Holy Roman Empire : the house was built in 1784 by Count Richard D'Alton, a distinguished oflicer in the Austrian service. At the rear is a pyramidal monument, thirty feet high, erected by this personage and his brother. General James D'Alton, in honour of the Empress Maria Theresa, the Emperor Joseph II., and King George HI. : on three sides it is adorned with their profiles in white marble, and on the fourth with the arms of the family and a suitable inscription. The other seats are Meares Court, Glencarry, Rathcasiin, Irishtown, and Oldtown.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 246

3. Cathedral of St. Bridget, Kildare — ruins and holy fire altar

   Kildare · town · Kildare

   The cathedral dedicated to St. Bridget was nearly destroyed in the parliamentary war; only the choir remains in repair. The churchyard contains a remarkable stone reputed to be the pedestal of an ancient stone cross or possibly the altar on which the 'holy fire' was kept burning, and the south transept holds the sepulchral vault of the earls of Kildare.

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   diocese is 85, comprised in 41 benefices, of which 20 are unions of two or more parishes, and '21 single parishes : 1'2 benefices are in the patronage of the Crown, 10 in lay and Corporation patronage, 4 in joint or alternate presentation, and the remainder in the patronage of the Bishop or Incumbents. The total number of churches is 38, and of glebe-houses 19. The quantity of land belonging to the see is 91 1 acres ; and the gross revenue of the bishop, including the preceptory of TuUy and the deanery of Christ Church, on an average of three years ending Dec. 31st, 1831, amounted to £6451. 13. The CATHEDRAL, dedicated to St. Bridget, was nearly destroyed in the parliamentary war, and the choir is now the only part kept in repair. The walls of the nave still remain, presenting some plain pointed arches, and those of the south transept are entire ; but the north side of the tower, which rose between the nave and choir, is levelled with the ground. The choir, which is also the parochial church, has no interesting details; the south transept contains the sepulchral vault of th;- earls of Kildare. In the churchyard is a remarkable stone, reputed to be the pedestal of an ancient stone cross, but by some considered, and with an appearance of probability, to be the altar on which the " holy fire" was kept burning ; in the surrounding walls are numerous fragments of sculptured monuments, removed from the interior of the cathedral, and of which several are curious both from their subjects and their execution. A few yards distant is a remaining portion of the chapel of St. Bridget, called " the Fire house," a low and narrow stone cell in which the sacred fire was preserved. There is neither chapter-house nor episcopal palace, nor are there residences for any of the dignitaries. In the Roman Catholic divisions the diocese is united with that of Leighlin, together forming one of the tliree suffragan dioceses to the archiepiscopal see of Dublin : the joint diocese comprises 46 parochial benefices or unions, containing 110 chapels served by 108 clergymen, of whom 46, including the bishop, are parish priests, and 6'2 coadjutors or curates. The parochial benefice of the bishop is Carlow, near which is his residence, Braganza House. The cathedral, in Carlow, built during the prelacy of the Right Rev. Dr. Doyle, and chiefly through his exertions, is an edifice of much architectural elegance.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 21

4. Catherine's Bridge named after St. Catherine's Abbey, Waterford

   Waterford · city · Waterford

   Over John's river on the east and south-east of Waterford are two ancient bridges and a modern one called Catherine's Bridge, named after the ancient abbey of St. Catherine near which it stands.

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   The CITY of Waterford is beautifully situated on the southern bank of the Suir, about 16 miles from its influx into the sea. It extends principally along the margin of the river, having an elevation very little above highwater mark, except at the western extemity, where it occupies some high and precipitous eminences, and at the eastern extremity, where are some more gentle elevations. On the south, bordering on the stream called John's river, which here falls into the Suir, is a large tract of level marshy land stretching towards Tramore. Near the western extremity of the city, and connecting it with the small suburb of Ferrybank in the county of Kilkenny, is a bridge of wood, 832 feet in length and 40 in breadth, supported on stone abutments and 40 sets of piers of oak. This bridge was undertaken by a company incorporated in 1793, who subscribed £30,000 in shares of £100 each ; and was erected by Mr. Cox, a native of Boston, at an expense so much below the estimated cost that £90 only were paid on each share of £100, which now sells for £170: it was begun April 30th, 1793, and opened January 18th, 1794. The company have a sinking fund for the repair or rebuilding of the bridge if necessary, and the tolls are let for about £4000 per annum. Over John's river, which skirts the city on the east and south-east, are two ancient bridges, called respectively John's bridge and William-street bridge ; and also one of modern erection, called Catherine's bridge, from the ancient abbey of St. Catherine, near which it is situated. Upon the opposite side of the Suir are some lofty hills, from which the city is seen to great advantage, having in front the river, and the splendid quay extending from the bridge to the mouth of John's river, one mile in length, with scarcely any interruption, and forming a remarkably fine promenade. The quay was enlarged in 1705, by throwing down the city walls on this side, with one of the gates, which, with the great ditch, formerly divided it into two portions. The houses lining the quay, though irregular in their style of architecture, form a range of buildings of lofty and imposing appearance, among which the tower erected by Reginald the Dane, and now occupied as a police barrack, is a conspicuous object. In front of the buildings are a broad flagged footway and a macadamised carriage road ; the part along the margin of the river is separated from these, and forms the promenade. At the east end of the city is the Mall, from which a spacious street has been opened, forming the principal western entrance on the Cork road. The streets, with the exception of King-street, in a line parallel with the quay from the west end to the centre of the city, and of the line from its termination to John's bridge, are generally short, narrow, and irregular in their direction: the number of houses, in 1841, was 3150. The English mails have been changed from Dunmore to Waterford, causing a great saving of time ; the first passed up on June 24th, 1837. The city is lighted with gas by a company of 400 shareholders, who expended £14,000 in the construction of works ; but from some defect in the old act of parliament under the provisions of which the public lighting of the city was vested in the corporation, it cannot be lighted more than seven months in the year : the amount of the rates collected for this purpose is about £640 per annum. On the south-western side of the city are barracks for artillery, capable of accommodating 129 officers and

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 381

5. Catholic chapel at Ardagh erected 1820

   near Ardagh · street · Cork · 1820

   A handsome Catholic chapel was erected in 1820 at Ardagh, near the town of Ross, at the head of the bay on a site surrounded by rocks and plantations. A second chapel serves the district at Lissavord, three miles distant.

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   with the exception of a portion of bog and waste, is iu pasture. The surface is very uneven, rising in some parts into hills of considerable elevation. The soil, though light, is fertile ; but, except on the lands of some resident gentlemen who have adopted every improvement in husbandry and the use of the best farming implements, the system of agriculture is in a very backward state : much of the land is cultivated by the spade, and manure is carried to the field on the backs of horses. A large slate-quarry has been opened, of which, however, the produce is much inferior to English slate ; and copper-ore and manganese abound in almost every part, but no efficient means are employed to work them to advantage. The principal seats are Cahirmore, Derry, Castle Downecn, Milleeu, Millfield, Farley Cottage, and The Hill. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ross, partly appropriate to the vicar-choral, and partly to the dean and chapter in trust for the economy fund of the cathedral : the tithe rent-charge is £.58'2. 14. 6., of which £3'25. 10. 9. are payable to the vicar-choral, and the remainder to the dean and chapter. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also part of the parishes of Kilfaughnabeg and Kilkerranmore, and containing two chapels ; one at Ardagh, near the tow^n, a handsome edifice, erected in 1S20 at the head of the bay, on a site surrounded by rocks and plantations ; and the other at Lissavord, three miles distant. The Rev. S. Jervois, in 1786, bequeathed £400, the interest of which is annually divided among the Protestant poor, and £10 annually, which is paid as apprentice fees with the most deserving boy and girl in the Sunday school. The Rev. T. Hoare, the vicar-chora), has also given by deed £500, the interest of which is divided among the most necessitous poor of the parish.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 265

6. Catholics expelled from Waterford by order of 1673

   Waterford · city · Waterford · 1673

   Despite a petition to the Duke of Ormonde for franchise rights regardless of religion, the lord-lieutenant and council ordered in 1673 that Roman Catholics, with few exceptions, be expelled from the city of Waterford, though many were later re-admitted.

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   From this period till the year J656, the old government by mayor and sheriffs was superseded by a government of commissioners appointed by Cromwell, whose most devoted partisans had supreme power in the city. Under these commissioners, orders were issued prohibiting Roman Catholics from trading either within or without doors ; high courts of justice were instituted here as in other cities, for the trial of persons concerned in the massacre of 1641 ; and under this usurped authority the public buildings, quays, streets, roads, and other works, were generally improved. Colonel Lawrence, the first governor under the parliament, was succeeded in that office by Colonel Leigh, to whom, and to the justices of the peace, the lord-deputy and council issued an order to apprehend forthwith all Quakers resorting to Waterford, and to ship them either from the port or from Passage, to Bristol, to be committed to the care of that city. On the Restoration, Richard Power was appointed governor of the county and city of Waterford ; and on the revival of the corporation, the inhabitants petitioned the Duke (late Marquess) of Ormonde to be admitted to the enjoyment of the franchise, notwithstanding religious differences ; but so far from obtaining this object, it was ordered by the lord-lieutenant and council, in I67S, that, with the exception of some merchants, artificers, and others, they should be expelled from the city, though many were re-admitted. During the interval of peace from 1664 to I6SI, the trade of the port continued to increase rapidly; the duties paid at the custom-house, at the former period, amounted to £7044, and at the latter to £14,826.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 381

7. Causeway bridge over the Breedogue near Lough Gara

   Kilnamanagh · townland · Roscommon

   About a mile above Lough Gara, the river Breedogue is crossed by a long low causeway bridge, near which a village has arisen. The parish church is in ruins and the principal seat is Kingsland.

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   KILNAMANAGH, or Killenamanagh, a parish, in the barony of Frenchpark, union of Boyle, county of Roscommon, and province of Connaught, 5 miles (S. S. W.) from Boyle, on the road to Castlerea ; containing 2900 inhabitants. It comprises 7621 5 statute acres, principally under tillage, and includes extensive bogs and marshes : limestone is plentiful. About a mile above Lough Gara, the river Breedogue is crossed by a long low causeway bridge, near which a village has arisen. The principal seat is Kingsland. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin and union of Boyle ; the rectory is impropriate in Viscount Lorton, and R. Young, Esq., of Castlerea, and the tithe rent-charge is £61. 16., half payable to the vicar, and half to the

   K I L— N A

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 49

8. Cavalry and infantry barracks at Navan and Trim

   Navan · town · Meath

   In military arrangements, Meath contains two barrack stations: a cavalry barrack at Navan and an infantry barrack at Trim. Together they accommodate seven officers, 163 non-commissioned officers and men, and 50 horses.

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   the disfranchised borough, market, and post towns of Kells, Navan, and Athboy ; the market and post town of Slane ; and the post-towns of Ashbourne, Clonard, Clonee, Crossakeel, Dunshaughlin, Enfield, Nobber, and Oldcastle. The principal villages are Carlanstown, Dunboyne, Mornington, Ratoath, and Rathmolion. The county sent 14 members to the Irish parliament; two for the county, and two for each of the boroughs of Athboy, Duleek, Kells, Navan, Ratoath, and Trim. Since the Union its representation has been confined to the two members for the county : the election is held at Trim. The constituency, as registered in 1841, amounted to 1236, of whom 385 were £50, 141 £20, and 515 £10, freeholders ; 1 £50, 36 £20, and 128 £10, leaseholders ; 2 £50, and 26 £20 rent-chargers ; and 2 £10 copyholders. Meath is included in the Home circuit : the assizes are held at Trim, in which town the county gaol and court-house are situated ; and there are sessions-houses and bridewells at Na\an and Kells, and a quarter and petty sessions' court-house at Dunshaughlin. The Easter and October general quarter-sessions are held at the two latter towns, and the Hilary and Midsummer sessions at Trim and Navan. The local government is vested in a lieutenant, 20 deputy-lieutenants, and 104 other magistrates, aided by the usual county officers, including two coroners. The district lunatic asylum is in Dublin ; the county infirmary at Navan : there are fever hospitals at Kells and Navan : and dispensaries at Crossakeel, Oldcastle, Moynalty, Raddingstown, Kentstown, StamuUen, Trim, Duleek, Kells, Julianstown, Athboy, Dunboyne, Slane, Dunshaughlin, Enfield, Navan, Nobber, Ratoath, Summerhill, Syddan, Kilniainham-Wood, Drumconrath, Wilkinstown, and Skreen. Within the county are 46 constabulary police stations, having in the whole a force of a county inspector, 7 sub-inspectors, S head-constables, 50 constables, and 259 sub-constables, with 9 horses, the expense of whose maintenance, in 1842, amounted to £14,002. There are two coast-guard stations, belonging to the Swords district ; one at the mouth of the Boyne, the other on the Nanny water. The amount of grand jury presentments for 1844 was £27,541. In the military arrangements the county is included in the Dublin district, and contains two barrack stations, one for cavalry at Navan, and one for infantry at Trim ; affording in the whole accommodation for seven officers, 163 non-commissioned officers and men, and 50 horses.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

9. Cavalry barrack on site of ancient church

   New Ross · town · Wexford

   A cavalry barrack accommodating 3 officers, 52 men, and 44 horses was built on the site of an ancient church in a retired part of New Ross. It was described as a plain building.

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   The TOWN is beautifully situated on the side of a hill declining so precipitously to the Ross river (formed by the Nore and Barrow, which unite about one mile to the north,) as to render the communication between the upper and lower parts extremely inconvenient. Some of the principal streets run nearly parallel with the river, and are intersected by others at right angles ; minor streets and lanes diverge from these in several directions: the total number of houses is 11*3. The place is well supplied with water; the streets are lighted with gas by contract under the Municipal Commissioners. The general appearance of the town for some years did not indicate an increase of prosperity, a circumstance attributed to the difficulty of obtaining land on leases of sufficient duration to encourage building; but witliin the last few years there has been a visible improvement, several new houses having been built. The want of a bridge, after the destruction of the old one in 1643, was supplied by a ferry until the latter part of the last century, when a company incorporated by act of parliament raised a sum of £11, "200, by means of shares ; and a bridge was constructed by Mr. E. Co.x, the architect of Londonderry, Watcrford, and 'Wexford bridges, of American oak. Its length, including a causeway of fifty yards on the Kilkenny side of the river, is 508 feet, and it is 40 feet broad ; it rests on 24 sets of piers, and has a drawbridge to admit the passage of large vessels into the part of the river above the town. The bridge was much injured by a severe frost in 1814; the footways were consequently removed, and have not since been replaced. The tolls, which are let annually, produce on an average £S00 per annum. This bridge connects the town with the village of Rossbercon, formerly a borough of itself, but now included within the electoral boundary of New Ross. A quay extends from the end of the bridge, nearly a quarter of a mile, along the eastern side of the river. On the site of an ancient church in a retired part of the town, is a cavalry barrack, a plain building containing accommodation for 3 officers, 5'2 men. Vol. II.— 439

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 264

10. Cavalry barracks on ancient abbey site in Navan

    Navan · town · Meath

    The town of Navan is situated at the junction of the Blackwater and Boyne rivers. The cavalry barracks in the town were constructed on the site of an ancient abbey.

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    The TOWN is situated in the centre of the county, and at the junction of the rivers Blackw-ater and Boyne ; it consists of three principal streets, from which several smaller branch off in various directions, and contains 969 houses, many of which are well built : altogether it has a neat, cheerful, and thriving appearance. The cavalry barracks, on the site of the ancient abbey, are adapted for 4 officers and 5'2 non-commissioned officers and privates, with stabling for 50 horses. The chief trade is that in provisions, which is extensively carried on with Drogheda, and seems to have been consequent on the opening of the Boyne navigation from that part to Navan : this navigation forms a line 15 miles in extent ; and its further extension inland, which has been attempted but not yet carried into effect, would contribute greatly to the general prosperity of the neighbourhood. There is a considerable retail trade with the sur- 383

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 196

11. Cavern with chambers inside Danish rath at Cartronboy

    Cartronboy · townland · Longford

    On the townland of Cartronboy is a cavern containing several chambers, situated within the area of a Danish rath. This antiquity lies in the parish of Shruel near Ballymahon.

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    The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in the vicars- choral of the cathedrals of Christ Church and St. Patrick, Dublin. The tithe rent-charge is f'iSS. 11. 11., of which £14.5. 16. '2. are payable to the impropriators, and £9'2. 15. 9. to the vicar. The glebe-house, towards the erection of which the Board of First Fruits contributed £400 and a loan of £370, in 1S13, is a good residence ; and the glebe comprises 34 acres, valued at £4.5. 9- per annum. The church, a handsome edifice situated in Ballymahon, was enlarged in 18'24, the Board of First Fruits granting a loan of £1140. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish, called sometimes Ballymahon, and forming one of the bishop's parishes, is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; the chapel is a spacious and well built edifice. Tiiere are some remains of the ancient parish church at Shruel ; the cemetery is still a favourite burial-place. In addition to the castles of Ballymahon and Castlecor, noticed in the article on that town, are the remains of the castle of Barnacor, apparently built to defend the pass of the river in co-operation with Lot's Castle on the opposite bank. On the hill of Mullavorna was a monastery, which was eventually removed to Foighy. On the townland of Cartronboy is a cavern containing several chambers, within the area of a Danish rath.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 278

12. Caves and Goats' Island at Lisgenan

    Lisgenan or Grange · parish · Waterford

    The parish of Lisgenan (Grange) on the river Licky and near the coast features remarkable caves in the cliffs and Goats' Island off the shore. At Whiting Bay stands Grange Lodge, a marine villa occasionally occupied by Sir Richard Musgrave, Bart.

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    acres : sea-weed, which is obtained in great abundance at the Cove, is used for manure. In the cliffs are some remarkable caves, and off the shore is Goats' Island ; at Whiting bay is Grange Lodge, a marine villa, the occasional residence of Sir Richard Musgrave, Bart. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, forming part of the union of Kinsalebeg ; the rectory is impropriate in the Duke of Devonshire, and of the tithe rentcharge, amounting to £450, two-thirds are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. la the Roman Catholic divisions Lisgenan forms part of the district of Ardmore, and has a small chapel.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 84

13. Caves and subterranean stream at Ratass

    Ratass · townland · Kerry

    The parish of Ratass in Kerry contains caves and a subterranean stream, enumerated among the natural curiosities of the county.

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    little below high- water mark out of a clear white sand : though covered twice a day by the tide, there is no variation in it. Near Dowlas Head are several large natural caves, one of which is of magnificent dimensions, and in calm weather may be entered for 100 yards in a boat ; the reverberation of the human voice in the interior sounds like a speaking-trumpet. At Minegahane, near the Cashen, the sea breaking into the cavities of the shore produces a loud sound like the discharge of artillery ; the noise generally precedes a change of weather, and not unfrequently occurs on the approach of a storm. A columnar cliff, called by the country people the Devil's Castle, stands to the north of Lick Castle, in the mouth of the Shannon, and is inaccessible e.vcept to the sea-fowl. The whole shore hereabouts presents a succession of romantic caverns, extending from Ballybunnian to Kilconly Point. But the great natural curiosities of this county are those of Killarney and its vicinity, described in the account of that place; besides which may be enumerated the transposed limestone and sandstone rocks, and the Fairy Hock covered with impressions of feet, both near Kilgarvan ; Lough Quintan, with its floating islands, in the parish of Tuosist ; and the caves and subterranean stream in the parish of Ratass. Kerry gives the inferior titles of Baron and Earl to the Marquess of Lansdowne, who also enjoys the titles of Viscount Clanmaurice and Baron of Lixnaw and Dunkerron, in the peerage of Ireland, all derived from districts in this county.

    KESH, a village, in the parish of Magheracul- MO.NEY, union of Lowtherstown, barony of Lurg, county of Fermanagh, and province of Ulster, 12 miles (N. by \V.) from Enniskillen, and 93 miles (N. W. by N.) from Dublin, on the road from Enniskillen to Donegal ; containing 54 houses, and 24S inhabitants. It has a sub-post office ; is a constabulary police station ; and has fairs on Jan. 2Sth, March 'ZSth, June 1st, July ■JSth, Sept. 2Sth, and Nov. 'ilst.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 12

14. Caves near Lismore church and castle

    Lismore · town · Waterford

    Two small caves are located near the church at Lismore, with a third cave in the grove near the castle. These subterranean features point to early settlement or use of the area.

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    At Kilbree are some remains of a castle built by King John, situated on an eminence commanding the Blackwater. There are vestiges of a double and single trench in the parish ; the former, called Rian-Bo-Pudndc, extending eastward from Knockmeledown, and twice crossing the river in its line towards Ardmore ; and the latter stretching from Cappoquin, along the side of the mountains, into the county of Cork. Halfway between Lismore and Cappoquin is a weak chalybeate water, and there is another between Lisraore and Knockmeledown ; also a very strong chalybeate spring near Glenmore. Near the church are two small caves, and in the gro\e near the castle is a third ; there is also a cave at Ballymartin, through which flows a rivulet. 248

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 87

15. Caves of Keash Hill

    near Kesh · population centre · Sligo

    The lofty hill of Keash contains several remarkable caves, some extending to considerable length, with the entrance to the largest being 30 feet high.

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    seen at Tumore, and another ruin and inclosure of similar character at Templevaney. The lofty hill of Keash contains several remarkable caves, some of which extend to a considerable length ; the entrance to the largest is 30 feet high. TUOGH— See Tough.

    TUOSIST, or KiLMACALOGUE, a parish, in the poorlaw union of Kenmare, barony of Glanerolgh, county of Kerry, and province of Monster, 1'2 miles (S. \V.) from Kenmare, and on the bay of that name ; containing 7485 inhabitants. This parish is considered to be one of the wildest and most irreclaimable districts in the county. It is separated on the south-east from the county of Cork by a range of lofty and almost impassable mountains, and extends for about nine miles along the southern shore of the great estuary or bay of Kenmare, an inlet of which, called Ardgroom H'arbour, forms its boundary on the south-west. A road is in progress through the parish to Castletown-Berehaven, in the county of Cork. The ancient castle of Ardea, now in ruins, occupies a bold and romantic situation on a lofty cliff overlooking the bay ; it was once the seat of the O'Sullivans, some of whose descendants still exist in this district. In 160'2 a Spanish ship landed supplies of money and ammunition at this castle, which event encouraged some of the native Irish to assemble in the mountains ; but they were soon dispersed by Lord Barry, Sir G. Thornton, and Sir C. Wilmot.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 361

16. Caves of Sheemore hills in Kiltoghart

    Sheemore · townland · Leitrim

    The hills of Sheemore in Kiltoghart parish, Leitrim, are said to contain caves of considerable depth. The parish also includes part of Slieve-an-irin mountain and several small lakes.

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    KILTOGHART, a parish, in the union of Carrickon-Shannon, barony and county of Leitrim, and province of Connaught ; containing, with part of the post-town of Carrick-on-Shannon, and the villages of Drumshambo, Leitrim, and Jamestown (which are separately described), 17,-")S1 inhabitants, of whom 484 are in the village of Kiltoghart. It comprises 30,494f statute acres : the land is chiefly under tillage, and there is much bog and mountain, with quarries of freestone and limestone. Part of the mountain Slieve-anirin, and several small lakes, are in this parish ; in which likewise rise the hills of Sheemore, said to contain caves of considerable depth. The principal seats are Jamestown Lodge, Port, Lismore Lodge, Caldra Lodge, Castlecarrow, Newbrook, and Keon Brook. At Drumhearny, extensive plantations have been laid out by P. Latouche, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh ; and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rent-charge is £450. 15. The glebe-house was erected by a gift of £100 and a loan of £1050 from the Board of First Fruits, in 1819, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £174 for its repair : the glebe comprises 279 acres. There is a church at Carrick-on-Shannon, and one at Drumshambo. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms two districts ; one called Kiltoghart and Gowel, which has chapels at Carrick-on-Shannon, Jamestown, and Gowel ; the other called Kiltoghart-Murhane, which has a chapel at Murhane. There are a Primitive and a AVesleyan Methodist meeting-house at Carrick-on-Shannon, and a Wesleyan Methodist meeting-house at Drumshambo. To one of the numerous schools Mr. Latouche allows a house and three acres of land, besides subscribing £15 annually; and to another the Earl of Besborough subscribes £5. 5. At Port are the remains of a monastery, which was converted into a castle to command the ford across the Shannon.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57

17. Cave, subterranean stream and Ballynakill church ruins at Killashee

    Killashee and Aghakeeran · townland · Longford

    In Killashee parish there is a subterranean stream and a large cave. At Ballynakill within the parish are the ruins of a church with an attached burying-ground.

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    STER, 4 miles (E. N. li.) from Lancsborougli, and on the road from Longford to Roscommon ; containing, with the parish of Clonodonnell, 4491 inhabitants, of whom 359 are in the village. It comprises 4615 statute acres of profitable land, besides about 9605 of bog and waste land ; the total area is 14,427 statute acres, including 207 under water. Agriculture is in a backward state ; there is an abundance of limestone, which is used for manure and for building. The village comprises 61 houses ; it is a constabulary police station, and has petty-sessions on alternate Mondays, and fairs on the second Monday in March, May 26th, Sept. 29th, and the first 'Wednesday in December. The Shannon and the Royal Canal pass in the vicinity. Killashee is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, united by act of council in 1781 to the rectory and vicarage of Cbmodonnell, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is partly appropriate to the bishopric and partly to the vicarage. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £137. I 1., of which £26. 3. 5. are payable to the bishop, and the remainder to the vicar ; the entire tithe of the benefice of the incumbent is £149- 15. 7. The church has been rebuilt, partly by a grant from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house has two glebes, comprising 167 acres, besides a glebe of 19 acres in Clonodonnell. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish is the head of a union or district corresponding with that of the Established Church, and having a chapel at Killashee and one at Clondra. There is also a place of worship for Primitive Methodists. The parochial school is on Erasmus Smith's foundation, the trustees of which contributed to the expense of building the school-house ; about 100 children are educated. Lady Hutchinson bequeathed £5 annually for the repair of Sir James Hutchinson's tomb, the surplus of which is distributed among the poor. Here are a subterraneous stream, and a large cave ; and at Ballynakill are the ruins of a church, with a burying-ground attached.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 36

18. Cave with urns of calcined bones discovered 1834

    Kilbroney · townland · Down · 1834

    In 1834 a spacious cave was discovered in the parish containing broken urns filled with calcined human bones and ashes, evidence of ancient burial practice.

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    woodland, about 5000 arable, and the remainder bog and mountain, the latter of which affords excellent pasture. Here are some large bleach-greens, and some lead-mines. The principal seats are the Lodge, Brandensburg, Carpenham. Green Park, Amos Vale, Ballyedmund, Old Hall, and Crayfield. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the gift of the Bishop, to whom the rectory is appropriate : the tithe rent-charge is £116. 10., one-third payable to the vicar, and twothirds to the bishop. The church, which is in Rosstrevor, is a handsome cruciform edifice, with a lofty tower and pinnacles : it was built in 1819, at an expense of £'2000, of which the Board of First Fruits gave £^00 and lent £1100. The Board also granted £450 as a gift, and £120 as a loan, for the erection of the glebehouse, in 18-21 : the glebe comprises 7f acres. The Roman Catholic parish is co-e.\tensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, one in Rosstrevor, the other at Killowen. There are several national and other schools. On the acclivity of a mountain is a very large stone, called Cloughmerne, which was formerly part of a cromlech ; and near Killowen are the ruins of Greeu Castle : this fortress was built by Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, destroyed by the Irish in 1343, rebuilt soon after on a large scale, and dismantled by order of Cromwell. In the parish are also the remains of Castle Roe, or Rosstrevor Castle. On the Hillstown road are the ruins of Kilbroney church, in which a clogh-han, or "white bell," was some years since discovered ; also an ancient stone cross and a holy well. In 1834 a spacious cave was discovered, containing broken urns filled with calcined human bones and ashes. A chalybeate spring was formerly much resorted to, but is now almost neglected. — See Rosstrevor.

    KILBRYAN.— See Kilbrine.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

19. Celebrated ancient structure at Grange near Drogheda

    Grange · townland · Louth

    Between Dundalk and Drogheda are ordinary tumuli, ancient burial mounds. In the latter vicinity, at Grange, stands a very celebrated structure of antiquity.

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    Ballinahatncy, near Duiuialk ; circles and a cromlech on Killin hill ; a fine cromlech at Ballymuscanlan ; and a large cairn on Carrick-Brant. At Uullrighan has heen discovered a curious artificial cave ; and near Killin hill is the extraordinary tort called Faiths iia ain eighe, or " the one night's work." The most ancient mounds appear to be the ordinary tumuli, such as are seen between Dundalk and Drogheda ; in which latter vicinity is a very celebrated structure, at Grange. Next in date are those encompassed with a deep trench, and generally met with in the neighbourhood of some old castle or place of note ; such as those of Castle Guard at Ardee, Greencastle near Castle-Bcllingham, and at Killany. Some mounts have a square redoubt, or other works, attached to the main encircling trench ; as at Castletown. Besides those above mentioned, the places where camps of different kinds occur are, near Ballinahatncy plain; Mount Albani, about two miles from Dundalk : Rosskiigh, near Carrick-Brant, on the banks of the Dundugan river ; Mount Ash, near Louth ; a Danish fort, near Dunlecr ; another at Castletown, near Dundalk ; a round fort at Louth ; Castle Ring, near the same place ; Faughart, to the north of Dundalk ; Mount Bagnal ; and a Danish fort near Castle-Bellingham. A fine round tower is still standing at Monasterboice, and part of another at Dromiskin. The number of religious houses that existed in the county is no less than '23 : there are still remains of those of Carlingford, where the ruined buildings are very interesting ; Faughart, where the vestiges consist of St. Bridget's stone and pillar ; Mellifont, the abbey of which place was very sumptuous; and Monasterboice, where are two crosses, one of which, called St. Boyne's, is among the largest, most ancient, and richly decorated in Ireland. Of the numerous ancient castles, there are remains of those of Haynstown (three miles from Dundalk), Miltown, Killincoole, Darver, Carlingford, Castle- Roche, Dungooly, Rood's-town, Baling (near the northern shore of Dundalk bay), Dunmahan, Glass- Pistol (near Termoufechan), Clonniore, Rath (three miles from Carlingford), Ardee, Termoufechan, Ballrighan (two miles west of Dundalk), and Castletown. All of these, together with the chief modern mansions of the nobility and gentry, are particularly described in their respective parishes. A great number of ornaments of pure gold, swords, spears, axes of bronze, and other relics of antiquity, have been found in various places ; and in the summer of 1835 a very large head ornament and fibula of pure gold were found near Monasterboice.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

20. Celebrated caverns of Ballybunnion

    Ballybunnion · town · Kerry

    The celebrated caverns of Ballybunnion are located in Killeheny parish on the south-eastern shore of the Shannon estuary. They are noted as a remarkable natural feature of the area.

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    of which is arable land of good quality ; the remainder is coarse mountain pasture, with a great quantity of bog. Agriculture is improving; sea-weed and sea-sand are used as manures, and limestone is abundant. Fine salmon and trout are taken in the river Cashcn. There is a telegraph on Knockanore mountain. Spraymount is the residence of Captain W. Raymond, and the other seats are those of Captain Hewson, and C. Julian, Esq.: in the grounds of the latter, some skeletons in stone graves were discovered in 18'29. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, forming part of the union of Aghavallin ; the rectory is impropriate in A. Stoughton, Esq., and the tithe rent-charge is £93. 9-, two-thirds payable to the impro])riator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Lisseltin, and has a chapel at Ballybunnian. Here are the celebrated caverns of Ballybunnian, which are described under the head of that place.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 38

21. Celebrated pass at Rathconnell, Preston's defeat

    Rathconnell · townland · Westmeath

    Between two tracts of moory land at Rathconnell was a celebrated pass, noted in the Irish annals for the defeat of General Preston's army by the retreating forces of Sir Richard Grenville, accompanied by the famished garrison of Athlone and Protestant inhabitants. The pass had been fortified to intercept their retreat but the English horse crossed the moor and won a complete victory.

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    RATHCONNELL, or Turin, a parish, in the union of Mullingar, barony of Moyashel and Magheradernan, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, 4i miles (E. N. E.) from Mullingar, on the road to Castletown-Delvin, and near Lough Hoyle ; containing 3605 inhabitants. Between two tracts of land of a moory nature, at this place, was a celebrated pass, noted in the Irish annals for the defeat of the army under General Preston by the retreating forces of Sir Richard Grenville, accompanied by the famished garrison of Athlone and the Protestant inhabitants : the pass had been fortified to intercept their retreat, and

    RATH

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 246

22. Cellach of Iona restores Kells monastery 806

    Kells · town · Meath · 806

    Cellach, abbot of Iona, took refuge at Kells from the Norwegians and restored the monastery in 806. The monastery continued to suffer disasters of various kinds until after the arrival of the English.

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    KELLS, a market and post town, a parish, the head of a union, and formerly a parliamentary borough, in f^ the barony of Kells, county of JIeath, and province of Leinster, S miles (\V. N. W.) from Navan, and 31 (X. W.) from Dublin, on the coach-road to Enniskillen ; containing "643 inhabitants, of whom 4'205 are in the town. This place, formerly called Kenlis, is of remote antiquity, and appears to have acquired at a very early period a considerable degree of importance. A monastery for Canons Regular was founded here about the year 550, by St. Columb, on a site granted, it is said, by INPKervaill, King of Ireland ; and notwithstanding its repeated disasters by conflagration and the ravages of the Danes, it seems to have been the head of a small surrounding diocese, which subsequently merged into that of Meath. The monastery was restored, in 806, by Cellach, abbot of lona, who had taken refuge here from the Norwegians ; but it appears to have been never free from disasters of various kinds till after the arrival of the English. In 1 15'J, the memorable synod of the Irish clergy, at which Cardinal Paparo distributed the four palls to the archbishops, was assembled here; in 1156, the town, with all its sacred edifices, was destroyed by fire. The monastery, after its restoration, was plundered in 117^, by Dermod Macmurrough, at the head of a party of English ; but in the year following, Hugh de Lacy bestowed on it such ample grants of land as to entitle him to be regarded as its second founder. In 1 1'6, the town was plundered by some of the native septs, and about the same time a castle was erected for its defence against the O'Nials. Walter, son of Hugh de Lacy, in the reign of Richard I. founded a monastery for Crouched friars, and granted the inhabitants a charter confirming all their privileges, which he made equal to those of the men of Bristol. In addition to its castle the town was strengthened with mural fortifications, rendered necessary from its situation on the frontier ; and it was considered one of the most important places in the county. Richard II., in 1388, confirmed the charter of the burgesses granted by Walter de Lacy, and from this period till the time of Henry VI. the town ranked with Trim and Athboy as one of the principal boroughs in Meath ; but by repeated wars, and the subsequent dissolution of its richly-endowed religious establishments, it materially declined in importance.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 3

23. Cella Magna abbey at Kilmore, Cavan, founded by St. Columba

    Kilmore · townland · Cavan

    Kilmore parish in Cavan derives its name, meaning 'Great Church,' from the abbey of Cella Magna, founded at an early period by St. Columba. Gold and silver have been found in the parish.

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    KILMORE, a parish, and the seat of a diocese, partly in the barony of Clonmahon, but chiefly in that of Upper Lolghtee, union and county of Cavan, and province of Ulster, 3i miles (S. W.) from Cavan, on the road to Killesandra ; containing, with part of the market-town of Ballinagh (which is separately described), 7250 inhabitants. This parish, which derives its name, signifying the " Great Church," from the abbey of Cella Magna, founded here at an early period by St. Columba, comprises 16,886 statute acres, including 2154 in Lough Oughter. The soil is various, and the land in some parts under profitable cultivation; there are quarries of good building-stone, and gold and silver have been found. The principal seats are Lismore Castle, the Rocks, Castlc-Corby, Belleville, Bingfield, Drumheel, Lisnamandra, Drumcorbin, TuUy, and Hermitage.

    148

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 47

24. Cell of Kiltonga near Newtown-Ardes

    near Newtownards · town · Down

    On the north side of Newtown-Ardes was the cell of Kiltonga, which has been supposed to have originally given name to the parish. The site is noted among the religious foundations for which the area was celebrated from an early period.

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    NEWTOWN-ARDES, a market and post towu (formerly a parliamentary borough), a parish, and the head of a union, partly in the barony of Lower Castlereagh, but chiefly in that of Ardes, county of Down, and province of Ulster, 8 miles (E.) from Belfast, and 88 (N. E.) from Dublin, on the coach-road from Donaghadee to Belfast ; containing, in 1841, 13,886 inhabitants, of whom 7621 were in the town. This place has been celebrated from a very early period for the number of religious foundations in its immediate neighbourhood. In 1244, Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, founded a monastery here, in honour of St. Columb, for Dominican friars, which on its dissolution was granted to Lord Clandeboy, by whom it was assigned to Viscount Montgomery of the Ardes ; no vestiges, however, of the building can be traced. On the north side of the town was the cell of Kiltonga, which has been supposed to have originally given name to the parish ; and within five miles were the abbeys of Bangor, Hollywood, Moville, Grey Abbey, Cumber, and the Black Priory. James I., after the forfeiture of the surrounding territory by Con O'Nial's rebellion, granted several of the sites and possessions of the neighbouring monasteries to Sir James Hamilton and Sir Hugh Montgomery, from whom they passed to the Mount- Alexander family, and from them, by exchange, into the family of the Marquess of Londonderry. The inhabitants received a charter from James I., in 16 13, incorporating them under the designation of the " Provost, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Newtowne."

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

25. Celts and fossilised butter found in bogs

    Drumcroon · townland · Derry

    Several stone and bronze celts were found chiefly in the bogs of the parish, along with fossilised tubs of butter. One butter specimen weighing 22 lb. is preserved at Drumcroon.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop, hut the advowson is claimed by the Irish Society ; the tithe rent-charge is £450. The glebe-house was built about 80 years since at an expense of £738. 9. ; the glebes comprise 250 Cunningham acres, valued at £250 per annum. The church, a very spacious structure, was new-roofed and repaired in 1826, at an expense of £500; and has since been enlarged, at a cost of £200. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Killowen or Coleraine : there are places of worship for Presbyterians at Englishtown and Crossgare ; also one for Covenanters at Ringrash. The small remains of the monastery founded by St. Comgal were taken down, to build a wall round the burial-ground : among them was a very ancient stone cross, having four compartments, in each of which were three of the Apostles sculptured in high relief, and profusely ornamented with scrolls and wreaths ; it was removed from its socket, and now forms a gate-pillar in the wall. There was also an ancient font, to which, previously to the removal of the cross, the people resorted in great numbers. Several stone and bronze celts have been found chiefly in the bogs ; also fossilized tubs of butter, one of which, weighing 22 lb., is preserved at Drumcroon. There are five forts, and several artificial caves, one of which, at Ballywilliam, contains five apartments. There are also several strong chalybeate springs in the parish, of which those at Drumcroon and Greenfield contain iron, sulphur, and magnesia in solution, with a considerable portion of carbonic-acid gas.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 122

26. Cemetery of Movilla Abbey used as parochial burial-ground

    Movilla · townland · Down

    The cemetery of the abbey of Movilla near Newtownards continued to be used as the parochial burial-ground, preserving the site's ancient ecclesiastical function.

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    posure to the air. The head and horns of a moose-deer were, in 1832, dug up on the townland of Ballymagreechan, and are deposited in the museum at Glasgow. The cemetery of the abbey of Moville is used for a parochial burial-ground ; and near the old church, now the court-house, are the ruins of a private chapel, built by Sir Robert Colville. In that church were interred the remains of the earls and others of the family of Mount- Alexander ; of several of the Colville family ; of the first Marquess of Londonderry ; and of his father.

    NEWTOWN-BARRY, or St. Marys, a market and post town, and a parish, in the union of Enniscorthy, barony of Scarawalsh, county of Wexford, and province of Leinster, 22 miles (N. W.) from Wexford, and 50 (S.) from Dublin ; containing 3723 inhabitants, of whom 1437 are in the town. This town owes its origin and name to its founder, James Barry, Esq., who was sheriff of Dublin in 1577, and progenitor of the barons of Santry ; it came into the possession of John Maxwell, Esq., afterwards created Lord Farnham, by marriage in 1*19 with the daughter and heiress of James Barry, Esq., and is now the property of the present lord. In the disturbances of 179S this place was attacked, on the 1st of June, by the insurgents, who obtained possession of it for a short time, but were soon driven out by the troops of the line and yeomanry.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

27. Centenary commemoration of the shutting of Derry's gates, 1788

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1788

    A grand centenary commemoration of the shutting of the gates of Derry took place in 1788 and continued with utmost harmony for three days. In August of the same year, the relief of the city was also commemorated.

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    In 1692, the corporation, failing to negotiate with Bishop King for a renewal of the lease of the quarterlands, reminded the society that the bishop's claims to this property were unsubstantial, and agreed to establish their right in consideration of £90. 10. per annum, which is still paid. In 1695 the society procured a resumption of the remainder of the 1500 acres comprised in their letters-patent, by an ejectment against the bishop, who, in 1697, appealed to the Irish house of lords, and obtained an order for their restitution ; the sheriffs and some other inhabitants of Derry, opposing the order, were taken into custody, and conveyed to Dublin. Against this decision the society applied to the English house of lords ; and in 1/03 an act was passed establishing their right, not only to ^the 1500 acres, but also to the fisheries, which had previously been an object of dispute ; subject to the payment of £250 per annum to the bishop and his successors, which is still continued, with a condition of exonerating him from rent or other demands for his palace and gardens. In 1721 a dispute took place between the corporation and the military governor, who refused to deliver the keys of the city gates to the new mayor, which by the charter he was bound to do ; he surrounded the town-hall with troops, and prevented the members of the corporation from entering it, but was removed immediately after. A grand centenary commemoration of the shutting of the gates took place in I78S, and was continued with the utmost harmony for three days ; in the month of August following, the relief of the city was commemorated.

    The CITY is advantageously situated on the river Foyle, above five statute miles above the point where it spreads into Lough Foyle, and chiefly on the summit and sides of a hill projecting into the river on its west side, and commanding in every direction richly diversified and picturesque views of a well cultivated tract. This hill, or " Island of Derry," is of an oval form, 1 19

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 100

28. Chain of lakes from Lough Kea to the Shannon

    Oakport · electoral division · Roscommon

    Lough Kea discharges itself by a narrow outlet expanding into a series of lakes taking their common name from the town of Oakford, eventually emptying into the Shannon. The scenery throughout this entire chain of lakes is described as highly picturesque.

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    The largest and most beautiful of the lakes wholly belonging to the county is Lough Kea, close to the town of Boyle, now more generally known by the name of Rockingham Lake, from the seat of Lord Lorton on its southern shore. Several rivers from the south and west are tributary to it, but its principal supply proceeds from Lough Gara, on the borders of Sligo, whence a rapid stream called the Boyle water enters the western extremity of the lake ; it discharges itself by a narrow outlet, which soon expands into a series of lakes that take their common name from the town of Oakford in their neighbourhood, and empty themselves into the Shannon. The scenery throughout the whole of this chain of lakes is highly picturesque. To the north of Lough Kea are the smaller lakes of Lough Skean and Lough Meelagh, the latter very beautiful, and both communicating with the Shannon by a common outlet. In the west of the county is Lough Aeluyn, and in its neighbourhood are Loughs Erritt and Glynn. In the central part, to the east of Elphin and Strokestown, are numerous small lakes, the waters of most of which find a passage to the Shannon; Lough Funcheon, in the barony of Athlone, is the only lake of any extent in the south. The eastern boundary of the county is bordered by several of the lakes formed by the Shannon ; Lough Gara, already noticed, is on its western side between it and Sligo. In winter, the extent of water in the county is considerably increased by turloughs or temporary lakes, which usually disappear in summer, though they sometimes remain through the whole of that season, and occasionally even a second year. These turloughs, which vary considerably in extent during different years, occupy shallow basins in the limestone districts, where fissures in the rocks, and swallow-holes, occur ; and are apparently formed by these vents being stopped by the back-water from the subterraneous reservoirs with which they are connected. Such as have a grassy bottom, when the waters retire in time, produce most luxuriant crops. Some are of considerable size ; that of Mantua contains about 600 English acres, and one near Lough Glynn is upwards of half a mile in length : they are most numerous in the western and central parts of the county. The extent of surface occupied by water, in the baronies of Boyle and Roscommon, is much greater than in all the other divisions.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 258

29. Chalcedony and jasper esker formation near Fintona

    near Fintona · town · Tyrone

    A branch of the eskers near Fintona is composed almost exclusively of chalcedony, jasper, agates, and quartz, while eskers elsewhere in the county are formed of basalt, greenstone, porphyry, and limestone nodules.

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    are formed of uodulcs of basalt, greenstone, porphyry, limestone, chalcedony, jasper, and agate : a branch of them near Fintona is almost exclusively formed of chalcedony, jasper, agates, and quartz. At Killeshill and Newtown-Saville, the formation of the escars is as regular as if they had been artificially arranged. In the sandstone formation in Killyman, Fossil Fishes of several species are found, among which the trout and pike can be distinctly recognised : on raising the stone from the quarry, the fish is found imbedded in it, one side of it being raised in high relief, and the concave impress in the lower stone e.xhibiting the marks of the gills, eyes, and scales, with the utmost accuracy.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 367

30. Chalybeate spa at Scalp, near Ardrahan

    Scalp · townland · Galway

    The village of Scalp, in the parish of Ardrahan, county Galway, has a chalybeate spa which was used some years before 1837 with advantage.

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    SCADDANSTOWN, barony of Middlethird, county of TiPi'ERARY. — See Johnstown, St. SCALP, county of Dublin. — See Kiltern.\n. SCxVLP, or C.\STLETON, a village, in the parish of Ardr.\han, union of Gort, barony of Dunkellin, county of G.vLWAY, and province of Connaught, 7 miles (S. S. W.) from Loughrea, on the road to Gort; the population is returned with the parish. Here is a chalybeate spa which was used some years since with advantage.

    SCARIFF, a post-town, and the head of a union, in the parish of Tomgraney, barony of Tulla, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 8 miles (N. W. by N.) from Killaloe, and 94|^ (W. by S.) from Dublin, on the road from Killaloe to Williamstown and Portumna ; containing 656 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Scariff, which flows into the picturesque bay of the same name (opening into Lough Derg on the Shannon), and might be easily made navigable from the bay to Lough Grady, about a mile above the town : the river is here crossed by a bridge of three arches. This is a pleasing little town, occupying an ascent from the river, and consisting chiefly of one main street: in 1841 it contained 113 houses, some of which are neatly built. A sub- 503

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 271

31. Chalybeate spa near Portarlington

    Portarlington · town · Laois

    Near Portarlington is a powerful chalybeate spa noted for its efficacy in treating scorbutic cases. The mineral spring was a local health resource.

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    part of the district of Portarlington, Emo, and Killeynard ; the chapel, at Killeyuard, has been rebuilt. At Portarlington and Ballybrittas are dispensaries. Ruins e.xist of the old churches of Old Lea, Tierhoghar, and Ballyadden ; and on the bank of the river Barrow are the remains of the ancient castle, consisting of a massive round tower, with several quadrangular buildings, apparently parts of the original structure, and of great strength; the whole inclosed within massive walls pierced with embrasures, and presenting an imposing and venerable appearance as seen from the river. There are si.\ raths in the parish. Near Portarlington is a powerful chalybeate spa, efficacious in scorbutic cases.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 65

32. Chalybeate spa on Kilmashogue Mountain

    near Kilmashogue · street · Dublin

    Kilmashogue Mountain features a strong chalybeate spa. This natural mineral spring is noted for its iron-rich waters.

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    The LIVING is a rectory and perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Dublin. The rectory is appropriate partly to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and partly to the incumbent of Tallaght : the parish was erected into a perpetual curacy in 1823, when it was separated from the union of Tallaght, and the curacy is in the alternate patronage of the Archbishop, and W. Bryan, Esq. The tithe rent-charge is £163. 3., of which £39. 3. are payable to the commissioners, and the remainder to the incumbent of Tallaght, who allows the curate a stipend of £69. 7. : 10S9 acres of the parish are tithe-free. The church was erected in IS'26, at an expense of £'2000, on a site in the grounds of Marlay, given by John David La Touche, Esq. ; it is in the pointed style, with a tower and spire : the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £'283 towards repairs. The old church, which has a burial-ground attached to it, and stands on an eminence about half a mile distant, forms a picturesque ruin. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Rathfarnham. There is a Moravian cemetery in the grounds of Marlay, not far from the church. Near it, also, is a school-house with apartments for the master and mistress, erected in 1824 : about 30 of the pupils are annually clothed. At the Little Dargle are the ruins of a cromlech, the three upright stones of which are still standing, but the tablestone has been displaced and lies on the ground near them. At Larch Hill is a Druidical circle, with an altar or cromlech in its centre ; and on Kilmashogue mountain is a strong chalybeate spa.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 402

33. Chalybeate spring and coin finds near West Gate, Wexford

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1605–1615

    A strong chalybeate (mineral) spring formerly existed near the West Gate of Wexford but has been closed up. Numerous coins have been found in the town, including copper tokens dated 1605 and 1615 struck by merchants to compensate for the shortage of legal coin.

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    The ruins of the ancient monastery of St. Peter and St. Paul of Selsker, consisting of a tower now forming part of the present church, and some of the arches, are still in existence. It is said that Cromwell, when he destroyed the church at the sacking of Wexford, carried away the ring of bells, and that they are now in one of the churches in Liverpool : according to tradition, the freedom of the town, and exemption from the port dues, of Liverpool, were granted to the freemen of Wexford in lieu of these bells. There are no remains of the priory of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, or of the Magdalene leper house. Some portions of the town walls, with five of the towers, three square and two round, are still in a sufficient state of preservation to shew that the walls were 22 feet high, and were .supported on the inside by a rampart of earth 2 1 feet thick : ruins of most of the old churches, also, are still visible. Near the West gate was a strong chalybeate spring, now closed up. Many coins have been found at different times, but none of great antiquity : among them are some of copper, of the dates 1605 and 1615, evidently struck off for tokens by merchants or dealers to supply the deficiency of legal coin. Near the Windmill hill a rudely carved urn of unbaked clay, containing calcined human bones, was found in 1831. Nicholas French, anthor of " the Bleeding Iphigenia," and several other political publications during the reign of Charles IL, was a native of this town. Wexford gives one of his titles of Earl, in the Irish peerage, to the Earl of Shrewsbury.

    WHERRY, a parish, in the union of Pabsonstown, barony of Garrycastle, King's county, and province of Leinster ; containing, with part of the post-town of

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 400

34. Chalybeate spring at Ballymalone

    Ballymalone · townland · Clare

    At Ballymalone in the parish of Tomgraney, County Clare, there is a chalybeate spring, a mineral water source noted in the locality.

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    The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Killaloe, held from time immemorial with one-third part of the rectory of Kilballyhone, together constituting the corps of the prebend of Tomgraney, in the patronage of the Rev. Thomas B. Brady, the present incumbent. The tithe rent-charge is £311. 11., and, including the portion of Kilballyhone, £373. 17. The glebe comprises 12 acres; the glebe-house was built in IS 14, when the Board of First Fruits gave £100 and lent £1500 for its erection. The church, a small building without a tower, has been repaired and improved, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners having granted £124 for that purpose. In the Roman Catholic divisions the south-western portion of the parish forms the head of the district of Tomgraney, which also includes the parish of Kilnoe ; the northeastern portion forms the head of the district of Scariff, which also comprises the parish of Moynoe. In the former district are the chapels of Tomgraney and Bodike, and in the latter those of Scariff and Knock- O'Grady ; the chapel of Bodike is in the parish of Kilnoe, and the three others in this parish. At Tomgraney are the remains of an old castle, and nearly in the centre of the village rises a singularly shaped rock. Lead-ore exists in the vicinity, but has not been worked ; at Ballymalone is a chalybeate spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 344

35. Chalybeate spring at Corville near Roscrea

    Corville · townland · Tipperary

    A chalybeate (iron-rich) spring was located at Corville, near the town of Roscrea.

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    The only part left of the ancient Abbey is the western gable, with an arched door forming an entrance to the present churchyard ; on each side of the arch are two flat niches, and above the doorway is a figure of the patron saint, Cronan, but much mutilated. In the churchyard is part of a circular cross, which, with another stone now forming part of the wall, is called the Shrine of St. Cronan, and is rudely sculptured with a representation of the Crucifixion and other figures. On the opposite side of the road, to the north-west of the old church, is an ancient Round Tower ; it is about SO feet high, in good preservation, and covered with a dome roof of wood ; around its base are two tiers of stone steps, and about 15 feet from the ground is a circular arched doorway, above which, at an elevation of 15 feet, is a pointed window. There are also some remains of the Culdee establishment of Mona Incha, where, from the time of St. Columba, who flourished early in the 6th century and was the founder of that order, subsisted till the beginning of the 17th century a fraternity of monks remarkable for their learning and sanctity, who strenuously resisted the usurpations of the see of Rome, and are mentioned by Archbishop Ussher as existing in the earlier part of his time. In the north-western pait of the town are the remains of the Franciscan Friary, still in tolerable preservation ; the tower of the ancient church forms the entrance to the Roman Catholic chapel. In a street called the Mall is still standing a circular tower, forming a portion of the castle erected by King John : this tower has been recently roofed ; and in the centre of the town, and in good preservation, is the lofty square castle built by the Butler family, part of which has been appropriated as a depAt for military stores for the use of the troops quartered in the barracks. St. Canice here wrote a copy of the Four Gospels, called Glass Kennic, or " the Chain of Canice," which till the time of Ussher was preserved in the abbey of this place : there was also a curious copy written by Dimma, a scribe, the son of Aengus son of Carthin, which was also kept here in a curiously ornamented box, and was most probably the manuscript in the possession of Sir William Betham, Ulster King at Arms. There is a chalybeate spring at Corville, near the town.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 263

36. Chalybeate spring at Drumans on Knocklaide

    near Knocklayd · mountain or mountain range · Antrim

    On the lands of Drumans on the side of Knocklaide mountain is a chalybeate spring whose waters are strongly mineral and can be conveyed to distant places without diminution of their effect. This natural spring was a noted local feature.

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    On the summit of Knocklaide is a tumulus called Cairn-an-Truagh, said traditionally to be the burialplace of three Danish princesses. There are several raths in the parish, some terminating in a pointed apex, and others flat on the top like a truncated cone ; of the latter sort, one, within a quarter of a mile of the town, is called Dun-a-Mallaglit, the " cursed fort." The castle of Doonaiiintiey stands on a bold headland, 300 feet above the level of the sea, commanding the channel and the isle of Rathlin : two miles westward are the noble and romantic ruins of Kinbcme, or Kenbann, Castle, built on a projecting cliff of Umestone rock running out several hundred feet into the sea, under some headlands which rise 280 feet above the ruins. In the townland of Ballycastle are the remains of the edifice which gave name to the place ; an uninteresting gable is all that exists : about two miles hence, on the Glenslush water, are the ruins of a very extraordinary castle, called Gobati'Saur, once the residence of the powerful chieftain O'Cahan. Immediately adjoining the quay of Ballycastle are the interesting ruins of the abbey of Boiuimargy, founded by Mac Donnell, in 1509, and which was perhaps the latest erected in Ireland for Franciscan monks ; the chapel is in tolerable preservation, being the burial-place of the Antrim family. According to Archdall, St. Patrick founded a religious house here, called Rath-Moane, in which he placed St. Ereclasius. Vast quantities of beautiful pebbles are found along the shore, among which are chalcedony, opal, dentrites, and belemnites. On the lands of Drumans, on the side of the great mountain of Knocklaide, is a spring, the waters of which are strongly chalybeate and may be conveyed to distant places without any diminution of their effect.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 243

37. Chalybeate spring formerly resorted to

    Kilbroney · townland · Down

    A chalybeate spring in the parish was formerly much visited for its medicinal properties but by 1837 was almost neglected.

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    woodland, about 5000 arable, and the remainder bog and mountain, the latter of which affords excellent pasture. Here are some large bleach-greens, and some lead-mines. The principal seats are the Lodge, Brandensburg, Carpenham. Green Park, Amos Vale, Ballyedmund, Old Hall, and Crayfield. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the gift of the Bishop, to whom the rectory is appropriate : the tithe rent-charge is £116. 10., one-third payable to the vicar, and twothirds to the bishop. The church, which is in Rosstrevor, is a handsome cruciform edifice, with a lofty tower and pinnacles : it was built in 1819, at an expense of £'2000, of which the Board of First Fruits gave £^00 and lent £1100. The Board also granted £450 as a gift, and £120 as a loan, for the erection of the glebehouse, in 18-21 : the glebe comprises 7f acres. The Roman Catholic parish is co-e.\tensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, one in Rosstrevor, the other at Killowen. There are several national and other schools. On the acclivity of a mountain is a very large stone, called Cloughmerne, which was formerly part of a cromlech ; and near Killowen are the ruins of Greeu Castle : this fortress was built by Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, destroyed by the Irish in 1343, rebuilt soon after on a large scale, and dismantled by order of Cromwell. In the parish are also the remains of Castle Roe, or Rosstrevor Castle. On the Hillstown road are the ruins of Kilbroney church, in which a clogh-han, or "white bell," was some years since discovered ; also an ancient stone cross and a holy well. In 1834 a spacious cave was discovered, containing broken urns filled with calcined human bones and ashes. A chalybeate spring was formerly much resorted to, but is now almost neglected. — See Rosstrevor.

    KILBRYAN.— See Kilbrine.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

38. Chalybeate spring in castle demesne

    Newcastle · town · Limerick

    A chalybeate spring in the castle demesne was formerly in considerable repute and was protected by a covered building which still exists. The mineral spring is a notable feature of the castle grounds.

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    The LIVING is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, episcopally united from time immemorial to the rectory and vicarage of Monegay, and in the patronage of the Earl of Devon : the tithe rent-charge of the parish is £168. 15., and of the whole union £543. 15. The glebe of this parish comprises 33 acres, in three detached portions ; that of Monegay is 53 acres, all excellent land. The church, built in 1777 at the sole expense of Wilham, second Viscount Courtenay, is a handsome structure in the early English style, with a square embattled tower surmounted by pinnacles ; in it are two good monuments of the Locke family : the burial-ground, which is at a short distance from the town, has the remains of the old church within its inclosure. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also parts of Monegay and Killeedy : the chapel, a handsome building of hewn stone, was erected in IS'28, by subscription, towards which the Earl of Devon, who also gave the ground for its site, contributed £400 ; it is situated in the parish of Monegay. The Courtenay school, immediately adjoining the town, is of ancient foundation, but the house was rebuilt in 1826; it now affords accommodation for 260 boys and an equal number of girls, with a residence for the master and mistress. The earl contributed twothirds of the outlay for building, and the institution is maintained wholly at his expense ; it is free for all the poor children of the town and neighbourhood. The union workhouse, occupying a site of 5 acres purchased for £250, was completed in 1840 at a cost of £4860, and will contain 550 paupers. The ruins of the castle are very e.xtensive ; and two of its towers, one square, the other round, are in a good state of preservation, as are the tower and banqueting-house near the church: many parts of its range of arched vaults are also perfect. In the castle demesne is a chalybeate spring, formerly in considerable repute, and protected by a covered building which still exists. Shells and other marine deposits are frequently found in the limestone rocks, some of them in a very perfect state. 388

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 202

39. Chalybeate spring near Larne town

    near Larne · town · Antrim

    A chalybeate spring is located in a short road leading from the east to the north of the town of Larne, though it was little used at the time of writing.

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    The parish comprises 2210 statute acres of good arable and pasture land ; the system of agriculture is slowly improving, and there is neither waste laud nor bog. Limestone abounds, and is quarried both for building •and agricultural purposes ; at Ballycraigey, about a mile to the north of the town, is a quarry of felspar, worked occasionally for building ; and at Bankhead a fine stratum of coal has been discovered, but is not worked. The principal seats are, Gardenmore, an elegant villa; and the Curraan. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Connor, and in the patronage of the Dean; the tithe rent-charge is £102, of which £92. 16. 8. are payable to the curate, who receives also £23. S. from Primate Boulter's fund. The glebe-house was built in 1824, by a gift of £450 and a loan of £50 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 3^: acres. The church, previously to its alteration in 1S19, had some interesting details of ancient architecture. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Carrickfergus and Larue ; a chapel was erected here in 1832 by subscription. There are places of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and with the Presbytery of Antrim ; also for Wesleyan Methodists. A dispensary is supported by subscription. The workhouse of the union, ou a site of 5^ acres purchased for £477, "as completed in 1S42, at a cost of £4989, and is constructed to contain 400 paupers. There are some remains of the ancient castle of Olderfleet, on the promontory of Curraan. On the sea side, about a mile north of the town, is a cavern called the Black Cave, passing under the projecting base of a huge rock ; the length of the cave, which is open at both ends, is 60 feet, and its height from 3 to 30 feet ; the sides are formed of basaltic columns of large dimensions. On the shore of the lough, near Larne, are some singular petrifactions of a blue colour, apparently the result of a spring issuing from a bank at high-water mark. In a short road leading from the east to the north of the town is a chalybeate spring, at present little used.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 64

40. Chalybeate spring near Leixlip, planned spa abandoned

    Leixlip · town · Kildare · 1780–1800

    A chalybeate spring of great strength and purity sits about half a mile from Leixlip by the canal. It was in high repute towards the close of the 18th century; Thomas Conolly intended to build a pump-room and hotel but died before commencement, and the design was abandoned for Lucan spa.

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    paired by a grant of £291 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Maynooth and Lcixlip ; the chapel, lately built, occupies a commanding site presented by Colonel ConoUy. In the parish is a chalybeate spring of great strength and purity, which was in high repute towards the close of the last century ; in winter the water is somewhat tepid : it is situated about half a mile from the town, by the side of the canal. The Right Hon. Thomas Conolly intended to build a pump-room and an hotel ; but dying before they were commenced, the design was abandoned for the more fashionable spa of Lucan, which is nearer to Dublin.

    LEMANAGHAN, or Kilnegarenagh, a parish, in the union of Pausonstown, barony of Gaurycastle, King's county, and province of Leinster, 4 miles (S. W.) from Clara ; containing, with the villages of Ballycumber, Bellair, and Grogan (which are separately described), 5S06 inhabitants. This place, which is also called Melain, is situated on the river Brosna ; and appears to have derived its name from St. Manachan, probably the founder of the monastery here, of which he died abbot in 661. The establishment continued to flourish till 1'205, after which it became a parish church ; and there are still some remains of the building, surrounded hy a large tract of bog. The parish comprises 19,615 statute acres, of which 200 are woodland, 67-iO arable, 4000 pasture, and the remainder bog ; the system of agriculture is very backward, little improvement having been made within the last two centuries. Limestone abounds, and is quarried for agricultural and other purposes. The principal seats are Beliair, Prospect, Moorock, The Doon, Castle Armstrong, Ballycumber House, Twickenham, and Hollybrook. Fairs are held at Ballycumber on Dec. 1st and ]\Iay 2nd, for horned-cattle, sheep, and pigs, but they are very indifferently attended ; and petty-sessions are held alternately at Bellair and Doon, on Fridays.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 72

41. Chalybeate spring near Portarlington

    Portarlington · town · Laois

    A chalybeate spring near Portarlington was reputed efficacious in scorbutic cases. Its chief component parts were identified as nitre and sulphur.

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    Two churches were built in the town at the time of the Settlement, dedicated respectively to St. Michael and St. Paul, in the reign of William III., and endowed severally with a rent-charge of £40 late currency reserved upon lands let in perpetuity. St. Paul's was appropriated to the French and Flemish settlers, and St. Michael's to the use of English Protestants in the town; in consequence of this arrangement, the former of these is called the French church, and the latter the English. The income of the French church was augmented with £50 per annum by parliament many years since, and has been lately increased by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners to £100 : the late Board of First Fruits increased the stipend of the minister of the English church to £100 per annum. The livings are in the diocese of Kildare, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The English church, situated on the eastern side of the square, has a handsome spire ; the French church is in the street leading westward to the river, and till within the last thirty years divine service was performed in the French language. In the Roman Catholic divisions Portarlington is the head of a district, called Portarlington, Emo, and Killinard, and comprising parts of the parishes of Clonehorke and Coolbanagher, and the parish of Lea with the e.xception of the townland of Inchcoolley. Chapels are respectively situated at Portarlington, Emo, and Killinard : that in Portarlington having been found too small for the increasing congregation, a new chapel has been erected near the old one, and is a handsome edifice in the pointed style ; the principal front consists of a tower, with pinnacles at each angle, and surmounted by a fine spire, 140 feet high. There is also a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. A savings' bank, opened some years since, has now a capital of deposits from the poorer classes, amounting to £16,000. A loan fund, which commenced with a capital of £100, is operating very beneficially : Colonel Armstrong, and Chidley" Coote and Maunsell Dames, Esqrs., bore an active part in its formation ; it is now under the management of three trustees, of whom the Rev. J. Wolseley is the principal, and the present capital is £2,300. A dispensary is supported in the usual manner. About a mile to the south of the town is Spire Hill, so called from the erection of an obelisk on it by the late Viscount Carlow, for the purpose of giving employment to the poor in a season of scarcity : the flatness of the surrounding country renders it visible at a great distance ; the sides of the hill are richly wooded, and it has winding walks through the plantations to its summit. A chalybeate spring near the town is said to be efficacious in scorbutic cases ; its chief component parts are nitre and sulphur. Portarlington gives the title of Earl to the Dawson family.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

42. Chalybeate spring near Shanavally

    Shanavally · townland · Kerry

    Near Shanavally in the parish of Kiltoomy, County Kerry, there is a chalybeate (iron-rich) mineral spring, a notable feature of the local landscape.

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    KILTOOMY, or Kiltorney, a parish, in the union of LisTowEL, barony of Clanmaurice, county of Kerry, and province of Munster, gi miles (S. W. by S.) from Listowel, and on the river Brick ; containing 2043 inhabitants. It comprises 5S66 statute acres, of which about one-half consists of arable land, and the remainder of marshy land and bog. Limestone-gravel is found near Kiltoomy, and used for manure. The parish is in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe ; the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Cork, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Kilflyn : the tithe rent-charge, amounting to £90, is payable in equal portions to the impropriator and the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions Kiltoomy forms part of the district of Lixnaw. The ruins of the church still exist : it was the cemetery of the Fitzmaurices prior to the erection of the mausoleum near Lixnaw on the death of John, the third earl of Kerry. Near Shanavally is a chalybeate spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57

43. Chalybeate spring near Strabane

    near Strabane · town · Tyrone

    About one mile from Strabane on the road to Londonderry is a chalybeate spring containing iron, magnesia, and sulphur held in solution by carbonic-acid gas.

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    from the freemen, by the provost and a majority of their own body ; and also admitted freemen, by favour oidy. The corporation was dissolved by the act 3rd and 4th Victoria, cap. 108. The town had returned two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the parliamentary borough was disfranchised. The court of record held before the provost possessed jurisdiction to the amount of five marks ; but after the abolition of arrest for small sums, the business of the court declined, and it eventually fell into disuse. The late corporation had no property but the tolls of the fairs and market, which were under their regulation, and are now partly vested in Town Commissioners, pursuant to the provisions of the Corporations' Reform act. There is a chief constabulary police station : the quarter-sessions for the county are held here in January, April, July, and October ; petty-sessions on alternate Tuesdays ; and a court for the manor of Strabane every month, at which debts to the amount of 40s. are recoverable. The bridewell contains two apartments with three beds in each, two day-rooms, and a yard. The church built here in 1619 by the Earl of Abercorn has, since the parliamentary war of 1641, been the parish church of Camus-juxta-Mourne ; it has been enlarged from time to time, and is now a handsome cruciform structure in the Grecian style, with a cupola, and the arms of the founder over the principal entrance. There are a spacious Roman Catholic chapel, two places of worship for Presbyterians, and two for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. The union workhouse, on a site of 9i acres given free, was completed in 1841, and is constructed for 800 inmates. About one mile from the town, on the road to Londonderry, is a chalybeate spring containing iron, magnesia, and sulphur, held in solution by carbonic-acid gas. Of the castle built by the Earl of Abercorn, nothing now remains ; the site is occupied by a dwelling-house and merchant's stores. Strabane gives the inferior titles of Baron and Viscount to the Marquess of Abercorn.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 300

44. Chalybeate spring on Belfast road, Newry

    near Newry · town · Down

    To the north of Newry on the Belfast road is a copious chalybeate spring, considered highly beneficial in scorbutic cases. The old town is built of porphyry while the new town uses granite.

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    The PARISH comprises 22,491 statute acres, of which 968i are in Oneilland West, and 450 1| in Lower Orior ; the remainder constitutes the lordship, in which is included a small isolated portion, locally in the barony of Upper Iveagh. About 489 acres are covered with water, and about 260 are bog ; the remainder is mostly arable, under an excellent system of agriculture, with some rocky mountain. Though the site of the town is low, as compared with the surrounding country, the climate is pure and salubrious, and the prospects iii most parts beautiful and picturesque. The river on which it is built, anciently called the Clanrye, but afterwards the Newry Water, flows, after quitting the town, in a southeastern direction through a highly cultivated tract of rising grounds, well planted, and studded with numerous villas and seats, into Carlingford bay, which is bounded on each side by the mountains of Rostrevor and Fathom : the mountain of Altnaveagh, in the lordship, affords excellent pasturage, and much of it is cultivated ; but the greater part of the Fathom range is sterile. The geological features of the district are very striking : it forms the western boundary of the granitic range in this part of Ireland ; and granite, sienite, and porphyry are found in all their varieties. The old town is almost exclusively built of porphyry ; the new, of granite. Whyn-dykes, in which beautiful specimens of zeolite are frequently imbedded, penetrate the granite in several directions ; in some places, layers of quartz are interposed between the strata. Oxyde of manganese is of frequent occurrence ; clay-slate, with mica extensively disseminated through it, appears on the Armagh side 5 and schist to the north of the town. In the townland of Creeve many springs burst out of the granite and quartz rocks, in the streams of which is found a metallic residuum in large quantities, resembling copper, which mixes with the sand and is very heavy : near the tollgate on the Belfast road is a vein of the newly discovered mineral, trephine ; and a still greater body of it was discovered, in 1835, near Mount Kearney. To the north of the town, on the Belfast road, is a copious chalybeate spring, highly beneficial in scorbutic cases. The principal seats in the vicinity of the town are embellished with rich and flourishing plantations.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 211

45. Chalybeate spring on Dromore road near Banbridge

    near Banbridge · town · Down

    On the Dromore road near Banbridge was a chalybeate spring with properties similar to the waters of Aix-la-Chapelle, considered efficacious in scurvy. The spring has been recently filled up and is no longer accessible.

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    The living is a rectory and vicarage in the diocese of Dromore, and in the patronage of the Bishop and the Crown ; the rectory till lately formed part of the union of Aghaderg and of the corps of the deanery of Dromore. The tithe rent-charge is nearly £300. The glebehouse is a commodious old building ; the glebe comprises 1 1 If statute acres, valued at £155. 5. per annum. The church, a small building on the eastern shore of the Bann, was erected in 1698 upon the site of the ancient edifice, which had been destroyed in the war of 1641 ; being incapable of accommodating one-sixth of the population, a large church has been built near Banbridge, under the provisions of an order in council obtained in 1S34, at a cost exceeding £3000, of which £1500 were given by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, nearly £1000 by the Marquess of Downshire (who also gave the site), and the remainder was raised by voluntary contributions. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Tullylish. Near Banbridge is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connexion with the Remonstrant Synod : here are also a meeting-house in connexion with the General Assembly, built in 1830; one until recently in connexion with the Seceding Synod; and a chapel each for the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. The parochial schools, with residences for the master and mistress, situated on the glebe, are endowed with an acre of land, and supported by subscriptions. Near Banbridge is a large male and female schoolhouse, comprising a centre and wings, the former the residence of the master and mistress, and the latter the schools ; it was built by subscription, to which the Marquess of Downshire contributed £90, and is endowed with an acre and a half of land and £50 per annum. There are also schools at Ballydown, Ballylough, and Banbridge. At Tullyconnaught is a large school, founded and endowed by Miss M. Mulligan by will dated 1S24, and built in 1829 at a cost of £150; it is in connexion with the Board of National Education. On the Dromore road was a chalybeate spring, similar in its properties to the waters of Aix-la-Chapelle, and efficacious in scurvy ; it has been recently filled up. The late Baron M'^Clelland was born here ; as was also his contemporary. Dr. Dickson, Bishop of Down and Connor.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 275

46. Chalybeate spring on Tramore Bay shore

    Tramore · town · Waterford

    A celebrated chalybeate spring on the northern shore of Tramore Bay, about three miles from the town, gave the name of Spa to a small watering-place.

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    is a school for females, formerly in connexion witb the London Hibernian Society, held under the same roof; the salary of the mistress is paid by subscriptions, which average £30 per annum. The building can accommodate 80 children of each sex. A male school in the town is in connexion with the Board of National Education. A female free school is connected with the convent of the Presentation, by the nuns of which the children are instructed in the elements of useful literature, and in lace-making and needle-work : it is partly supported by a grant from the same Board. The county infirmary, with a dispensary attached, has been established here ; and the county fever hospital, a substantial building, forming three sides of a quadrangle, and capable of accommodating 200 patients, is situated in a spacious area in the vicinity. There is also a temporary asylum for the reception of lunatics previously to their transmission to the district lunatic asylum at Limerick. Two asylums for the aged and impotent poor are supported respectively by the Protestant and Roman Catholic inhabitants. A neat row of six almshouses, affording accommodation to 36 widows, was built in 1832 by Dr. ^'PEniry, P. P., at an expense of £600 ; the widows are selected by the parish priest. The interest of £1000 Irish, bequeathed by Miss Tuomy, of Tralee, who died about 40 years since, is distributed by the parish priest among the poor, generally at Christmas. The union workhouse, on a site of ten acres held at a rent of £62, was completed in 1844 at an expense of £8557, and is constructed for 1000 inmates. The only relics of the ancient abbey are some sculptured ornaments which have been built into the front of the Roman Catholic chapel and of the adjoining school-house. At Ballybeggan are the remains of a castle, and at the northern outlet are some slight vestiges of the castle of Mac Allistrom or Ellistrom. On the northern shore of the bay, about three miles from the town, is a celebrated chalybeate spring, which has given the name of Spa to a small watering-place that is described under its own head.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

47. Chalybeate springs at Ballyvirane and Cooleanne

    Ballyvireen · townland · Cork

    Two chalybeate springs, one on the lands of Ballyvirane and another recently discovered on the lands of Cooleanne, produce water similar to Leamington and are much used for scrofulous and leprous diseases. An ancient cave with portions of military weapons has also been found, though its entrance has been closed to prevent accidents to cattle.

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    portions of ancient military weapons, have frequently been found here ; the entrance has been closed up, to prevent accidents to the cattle. There are two chalybeate springs, one on the lands of Ballyvirane, and the other, recently discovered, on the lands of Cooleanne ; the water is similar m its properties to that of Leamington i they are both much used, and have been found efficacious in scrofulous and leprous diseases. Sir William Penn, a distinguished admiral, and father of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, in America, was born at Macroom Castle.

    MACULLY, or Muckalee, a parish, partly in the barony of Iverk, but chiefly in the barony of Knock- TOPHER, county of Kilkenny, and province of Lein- STER,7 miles (S. byW.) from Knocktopher ; containing 651 inhabitants. The parish comprises 2*12 statute acres. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Ossory, and forms part of the union of Kilculliheen : the tithe rentcharge is £79. 10. 8. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Slieraugh.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 124

48. Chalybeate springs at Drumcroon and Greenfield

    Drumcroon · townland · Derry

    Several strong chalybeate springs are found in the parish. Those at Drumcroon and Greenfield contain iron, sulphur, and magnesia in solution with a considerable portion of carbonic-acid gas.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop, hut the advowson is claimed by the Irish Society ; the tithe rent-charge is £450. The glebe-house was built about 80 years since at an expense of £738. 9. ; the glebes comprise 250 Cunningham acres, valued at £250 per annum. The church, a very spacious structure, was new-roofed and repaired in 1826, at an expense of £500; and has since been enlarged, at a cost of £200. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Killowen or Coleraine : there are places of worship for Presbyterians at Englishtown and Crossgare ; also one for Covenanters at Ringrash. The small remains of the monastery founded by St. Comgal were taken down, to build a wall round the burial-ground : among them was a very ancient stone cross, having four compartments, in each of which were three of the Apostles sculptured in high relief, and profusely ornamented with scrolls and wreaths ; it was removed from its socket, and now forms a gate-pillar in the wall. There was also an ancient font, to which, previously to the removal of the cross, the people resorted in great numbers. Several stone and bronze celts have been found chiefly in the bogs ; also fossilized tubs of butter, one of which, weighing 22 lb., is preserved at Drumcroon. There are five forts, and several artificial caves, one of which, at Ballywilliam, contains five apartments. There are also several strong chalybeate springs in the parish, of which those at Drumcroon and Greenfield contain iron, sulphur, and magnesia in solution, with a considerable portion of carbonic-acid gas.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 122

49. Chalybeate springs at Killemlagh

    near Killemlagh · parish · Kerry

    The parish of Killemlagh in county Kerry has some chalybeate springs. The parish is situated on the western coast on the south-eastern side of the harbour of Valentia.

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    KILLEMLAGII, or Killemilagh, a pari.'^h, in the union of Cahirciveen, barony of Iveragii, county of Kerry, and province of Monster, 8 miles (S. w.) from Cahirciveen; containing ^"28 inhabitants. This parish, which comprises 11,857 statute acres, including a considerable quantity of mountain and bog, is situated on the western coast, and on the south-eastern side of the harbour of Valentia. Its southern extremity forms Bolus Head, which is on the north-west side of the entrance to the bay of Ballinaskelligs. Puffin Island, so called from its being much frequented by pulFins, and which also abounds with rabbits, is steep and craggy, with a remarkable gap in its highest part ; the Skellig Islands also lie off this parish, and are separately described. Many of the inhabitants are engaged in fishing, and in the collection of sea-weed for manure. At Portmagee is a coast guard station, in the district of Valencia, and petty-sessions are held there once in three weeks. The principal seats are Belville, Waterview, Kilkevaragh, and Ahadda. The parish is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, forming part of the corps of the treasurership of Ardfert : the tithe rent-charge is £76. 3., and there is a glebe at Kerl. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is in the district of Prior, and has a chapel at Portmagee and Kerl. The ruins of the church, which was dedicated to St. Finian, are at the bottom of the bay of Ballinaskelligs, which is so much exposed to a heavy sea that the only landing-place is in a small creek to the north. Here are some chalybeate springs.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 38

50. Chalybeate springs near Scilly and Charles Fort, Kinsale

    Scilly · street · Cork

    Valuable chalybeate springs are found near the village of Scilly and near Charles Fort at Kinsale. They were formerly much resorted to and were still generally regarded as an excellent tonic.

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    There were formerly an abbey of Canons Regular, of which Colgan says St. Gobban, disciple of St. Ailbe, was abbot in the 7th century ; and an abbey of Carmelite friars, founded, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, by Robert Fitz-Richard Balrain, in 1334 ; but there are no remains of either. On the promontory on the opposite side of the river, are extensive remains of the old fortress of Castle-ni-Park ; it was of hexagonal form, with bastions at the angles : the towers, intrenchments, and fosse are nearly entire. Of the town walls, which were destroyed in 1690, three of the gates were remaining till near the close of the last century ; Nicholas-gate was removed in 1794, Friars-gate in 1796, and Cork-gate in 1S05 : a small portion of the last may still be seen, on the north side of Cork-street ; and in Newman-place may be traced the only portion of the walls now remaining. Near the village of Scilly, and near Charles Fort, are valuable chalybeate springs, formerly much resorted to, and still generally regarded as an excellent tonic. This town gives the very ancient title of Baron Kingsale to the family of De Courcy, originally created in 1181. His lordship is premier baron of Ireland ; he has the privilege (granted by King John to De Courcy, Earl of Ulster,) of wearing his hat in the royal presence, which was asserted by the late John, Baron Kingsale, at Dublin Castle, before his late Majesty George IV., on his visit to Ireland in August, 18'21. He has also the privilege of having a cover laid for him at the royal table at coronations, and on all other state occasions.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 59

51. Chalybeate wells at Shinrone

    Shinrone · town · Offaly

    Mineral chalybeate wells at Shinrone in King's County throw up a strong ferruginous scum and their waters leave a lasting mark on linen.

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    Chalybeate mineral waters arc frequent : some wells at Shinrone throw up a strong ferruginous scum, and their waters leave a lasting mark on linen. In Garrycastle barony chalybeate springs are particularly numerous ; there is also one at Escar, in Coolestown, another at Kilduff, in Philipstown, and another near Aghancon church, in Ballybritt. In Ballycowan barony is a well which exhibits a combination of sulphur with iron. Yet none of these springs are much noted for their medicinal effects. At Ballincar, near Whigsborough, is a spa resembling that of Castle-Connell, in Limerick ; its waters are of a yellowish hue, and it is much esteemed for its efficacy in healing bad sores and scorbutic ulcers. Besides these, may be mentioned a spring on the glebe land of Geashill, the waters of which never throw off any sediment, but, though preserved for many years in bottle, continue perfectly pure, and undistinguishable in taste and colour from that drawn fresh from the spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

52. Chantry of St. Mary at Kilberry, Meath

    Kilberry · townland · Meath

    A chantry of two priests was formerly attached to the church of St. Mary in the parish of Kilberry, County Meath.

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    KILBERRY, a parish, in the union of Navan, barony of Morgallion, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, 4 miles (N.) from Navan, on the road from that place to Kingscourt ; containing 2023 inhabitants, of whom 128 are in the village. It comprises 4818^ statute acres of land of good quality; about two-thirds are meadow or pasture, and about 100 acres bog. The parish is intersected by the Yellow River, on which is a corn-mill. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, and forms part of the union of Donaghpatrick : the tithe-rent charge is £231. 5., and there is a glebe of six acres, valued at £18. 9. 2. per annum. In the Roman Catholic divisions Kilberry is the head of a district, comprising also Donaghpatrick and Teltown, and containing two chapels, situated at Kilberry and Oristown. There are two national schools, and a school to which Colonel Everard gives a house and garden rent-free, and C. Smyth, Esq., subscribes £10 annually. A chantry of two priests was formerly attached to the church of St. Mary, in this parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 14

53. Chantry ruins and martello tower at Malahide

    Malahide · town · Dublin

    Ruins of a chantry anciently attached to Malahide's old church adjoin it, and a martello tower stands on the lands of Sea Park within the parish.

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    ITie PARISH is of small extent, comprising only 1125 statute acres : the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture improving. The strand abounds with shells in great variety, and with sea- weed, which, in conjunction with the care.x arenaria, grows profusely. Here are quarries of black, grey, and yellow limestone ; and on the south of the high lands, towards the sea, leadore has been found. There are several handsome seats and pleasing villas : the principal are. La Mancha ; Sea Mount, from which is a view of Lambay Island, the Hill of Howth, and the bay of Dublin, with the Dublin and Wicklow mountains; Sea-Park Court, commanding a fine view of Malahide creek and bay ; Gaybrook ; Mill View ; and Auburn Cottage. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Dublin, and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of St. Patrick's, Dublin, by whom it is endowed with the whole of the tithes of the rectory (which is appropriate to the economy fund), amounting to a rent-charge of £90. The glebe comprises 8 acres ; there is no glebe-house. The church was erected in ISS'i, at an expense of £1300, of which £900 were a gift and £300 a loan from the Board of First Fruits, and £100 a gift from Lord Talbot de Malahide ; it is a neat edifice in the later English style, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £11'2 for its repair. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Swords ; the chapel is a neat edifice. Contiguous to the castle are the remains of the ancient church, for ages the place of sepulture of the proprietors of the castle. It consists of a nave and choir, separated from each other by a lofty pointed arch nearly in the centre of the building ; the east window is large, and enriched with geometrical tracery, and over the western end is a small belfry thickly covered with ivy, beneath which is a window of two lights, ornamented with crocketed ogee canopies. The whole is shaded by chesnut trees, whose branches bend over the roofless walls. Of the ancient monuments, one decorated altar-tomb of the 15th century is remaining, bearing the effigy of Lady Matilda Plunkett, wife of Richard Talbot. Adjoining the church are the ruins of a chantry anciently attached to it ; and on the lands of Sea Park is a martello tower. The parish gives the title of Baron Talbot de Malahide to the family of Talbot.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 133

54. Chapel at Roundfort with square tower

    Roundfort · population centre · Mayo

    The Roman Catholic chapel at Roundfort, part of the Kilcommon parish district, is distinguished by a tall square tower.

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    KILCOMMON, a parish, in the union of Ballin- ROBE, barony of Kilmaine, county of Mayo, and province of CoNNAUGHT ; Containing, with the post-town of Hollymount, 7456 inhabitants. It comprises 17,395f statute acres, of which about 400 are woodland and 500 bog. Agriculture is improving ; and near ILillymount is a model agricultural school, established by the Mansion- House Relief Committee of 182'2 : the building and stock cost £3000, but the school, which was built on an acre of land given by Mr. Lindsey, has very few pupils. Limestone is found here. The surrounding country is agreeably diversified, and adorned with numerous wellplanted demesnes : among the seats in the parish are Hollymount House, Closecormack House, and Clooney Castle. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, united by act of parliament, in 1703, to the rectories and vicarages of Robeen and Taghkeen, forming the union of Kilcommon or Hollymount, in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rentcharge of the parish is £254. 15. 6., and of the entire union £4SS. 5. The old church, which was in Hollymount, was a chapel of ease, built in 16SS by Archbishop Vesey, who was buried in it ; and was made the parish church on the church of Kilcommon becoming ruinous. The present church, which is in Robeen parish, was enlarged iu 1818, the late Board of First Fruits having granted a loan of £1000; it is a handsome building, with a cast-iron spire, and is fitted up with English oak. The family vault of Lord Clanmorris, and monuments of the Lindsey and Ruttledge families, are in the churchyard. For the erection of the glebe-house, the Board, in IS'il, gave £100 and lent £1200 : the glebe comprises S acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising Kilcommon and Robeen, and has two chapels: that at Carra, built in 1830 at an expense of £1'200, is a handsome building, with galleries ; that at Roundfort has a tall square tower. Of several schools, two were built and are supported by Mr. Lindsey. Here are the remains of some ancient forts ; and elkshorns, coins of Queen EUzabeth's reign, and military weapons have been discovered at different times. — See Hollymount.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

55. Chapel of ease erected at south end of New Ross

    New Ross · town · Wexford

    A neat free church, or chapel of ease, was erected by subscription at the southern end of New Ross on a site presented by Charles Tottenham, Esq., of Ballycurry. It served as an additional place of worship for the Established Church.

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    the diocese of Ferns, united by act of council, in I768, with the rectories of St. Mary's Old Ross, Carnagh, Tulleraght, Ballyane, and Clonleigh, and the impropriate cures of Kilscanlan and Ballybrazill, the whole forming the union of New Ross, in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in the corporation of Kilkenny. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £247. 13., two-thirds payable to the corporation, and one-third to the vicar : the whole tithe of the benefice of the incumbent is £864. 13. In the town are a few scattered plots of building-ground, called glebes, none of which, however, are of sufficient size for the site of a glebe-house and offices. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a light and commodious edifice, rebuilt on part of the site of the former edifice, in 1813, at a cost of £6000, partly a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder raised by subscription : it stands in a very conspicuous situation on the side of the bill ; the tower, on which a spire was intended to be built, is rather low. The building contains an organ, presented by the late corporation ; and in the chancel are three handsome mural monuments, to the memory of the father of the late Charles Tottenham, Esq., and two of his family. A neat free church, or chapel of ease, has been erected by subscription at the southern end of the town, on a site presented by Charles Tottenham, Esq., of Ballycurry. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is co-extensive with St. Mary's parish, including the town and its suburbs on the eastern side of the river : the chapel, in South-street, is a spacious and elegant structure with large pointed windows and faced with granite. A chapel belonging to a community of Augustinian friars, consisting of four members, stands on the hill, near the site of an ancient friary of the same order : and on the summit of the hill, overlooking the town, is a convent of Carmelite nuns, a branch of that at Ranelagh, Dublin, which was founded here in 1817, and has also a neat chapel. The Wesleyan Methodists, the Primitive Methodists, and the Society of Friends have each a place of worship ; and a society denominating themselves simply Christian Brethren have a neat place of worship erected by subscription, in Priory-lane.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 264

56. Chapel of ease on Franciscan friary cemetery

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1817

    A chapel of ease was erected in Youghal in 1817 on the site of the ancient Franciscan friary's cemetery. The construction cost £1200, partly funded by the Board of First Fruits and partly by subscription.

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    esteemed the finest specimen of the kind in the island, with a lofty tower on the north side : it consisted of a nave, choir, transepts, and north and south aisles ; the nave and aisles have been fitted up for the parish church. The chancel or choir is a splendid ruin ; the north transept is used as a vestry, and the south contains some ancient monuments of the founder, and also of the earls of Cork and other branches of that family : the latter transept is the private property of the Duke of Devonshire ; it has lately been roofed in, and glazed, but the monuments are much neglected and fast going to decay. The church is remarkably handsome, and contains a throne for the bishop, as warden of Youghal, and a state pew for the corporation. At the south end of the town is a chapel of ease, a neat plain building, erected in I8I7 on the cemetery of the ancient Franciscan friary, at an expense of £1200, of which £900 were a gift from the late Board of First Fruits and £300 were raised by subscription. The Roman Catholic district comprises the whole of the parishes of St. Mary Youghal and Clonpriest : the chapel is a handsome structure, 100 feet in length and 50 in breadth, built by subscription, aided by a donation of £700 from Dr. Coppinger, late Roman Catholic Bishop of Cloyne, under whose patronage it was erected ; above the altar is a fine painting of the Crucifixion, brought from Lisbon. An imposing entrance tower and graceful spire were added in 1844, which considerably improve its outward appearance. At the south entrance of the town, a handsome convent for nuns of the Presentation order has been erected, towards the expense of which £2000 were received from Miss Gould, of Doneraile ; attached to it are a small chapel, the female national schools, an infants' school, and a magdalen asylum. There are also places of worship for the Society of Friends, Independents, and Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 414

57. Chapel of ease to Rosenallis in Mountmellick

    Mountmellick · town · Laois

    Mountmellick contained a chapel of ease to the parish of Rosenallis, described as a handsome edifice recently repaired with a grant of £110 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.

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    a tanyard, and three breweries, a flour-mill, two soap manufactories, a distillery making about 1'20,000 gallons of whisky annually, and some long established potteries for tiles and the coarser kinds of earthenware. A branch of the Grand Canal, brought to the town from Monastereven, has greatly promoted its trade in corn, butter, and general merchandise, which is rapidly increasing. In the excise arrangements Mount-Mellick is within the district of Kilkenny. A branch of the Bank of Ireland was established in 1S36. The market days are Wednesday and Saturday ; fairs for cattle, horses, sheep, and pigs are held on Feb. 1st, March 17th, May 1st, June 2nd. Thursday after Trinity-Sunday, July 20th, Aug. seth, Sept. 29th, Nov. 1st, and Dec. 11th. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town, and there are subordinate stations at Clonaslee, Kilcabin, and Rosenallis. By a recent act of parliament, general-sessions are appointed to be held here in April and October ; and petty-sessions for the district are held every Monday by the county magistrates : a new court-house has been erected near a new street leading from the church square to Irishtown. Here is a chapel of ease to the parish of Rosenallis, a handsome edifice, lately repaired by a grant of £110 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions this place is the head of the district of Mount- Mellick and Castlebrack, comprising parts of the parishes of Rosenallis, Castlebrack, and Coolbanagher, and containing the chapels of Mount-Mellick and Castlebrack : the former is a spacious structure. There are places of worship for the Society of Friends, and Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists ; also a dispensary; and a Temperance Society has been formed. The union workhouse, on a site of six acres held at a rent of £37. ]., was completed in 1842 at a cost of £6915, and is constructed to receive SOD inmates. At Derryguile is a chalybeate spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 173

58. Chapel of Killahan at Oldbawn, dilapidated since 1532

    Oldbawn · townland · Dublin · 1532

    The chapel of Killahan, located in the townland of Oldbawn, was appendant to the church of Tallaght and had been dilapidated since 1532. The chapel of St. Bridget near the Dodder was also in ruins.

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    The LIVING is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, united to the rectory of Cruagh, and in the alternate patronage of the Archbishop of Dublin, and W. Bryan, Esq. ; the rectory of Tallaght till lately formed part of the corps of the deanery of St. Patrick's. The chapel of Killahan, in the townland of Oldbawn, and dilapidated since 1.53'2, and that of St. Bridget, near the Dodder, now in ruins, were appendant to the church of Tallaght. The Dean of St. Patrick's originally had the right of presentation to the vicarage, by a grant from Pope Gregory IX. ; but the right lapsed by neglect. The tithes of the parish, under the Corporation act, amounted to £678. 18. 6., of which £369. 4. 7. were payable to the dean, £'2^21. 10. 9. to the dean and chapter in their corporate capacity, and £88. 3. '2. to the vicar; the gross tithes of the vicarial union amounted to £270. The glebe-house stands on a glebe of \'a. '20p. ; it was built in 18'25 by aid of a gift of £'200 and a 'loan of £600 from the Board of First Fruits. The church, dedicated to St. Miclruane, was built in 18'29 on the site of the ancient structure, by a grant of nearly £3000 from the Board ; it is in the pointed style of architec- .644

    ture, with pinnacles at the angles and along the sides ; the ancient belfry tower, which is of considerable height, is still preserved as part of the edifice. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £107 towards repairs. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Rathfarnham, and has a chapel at Bohernabreena. At Fir House is a convent of discalced Carmelites, consisting of a superior and 13 professed and lay sisters, founded about 18 years since, with a small chapel attached. At Mount Anne is a small monastery of the order of Carmelites. In 1789, Robert Murphy, Esq., bequeathed to the minister and churchwardens £10 Irish currency for the poor, and £10 Irish per annum towards founding a Sunday school.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 309

59. Chapels of St. Finan and St. Bridget and Pardon Cross at Swords

    Swords · town · Dublin

    Swords had several additional places of worship including chapels dedicated to St. Finan and St. Bridget. Near the chapel of St. Bridget stood an ancient cross called 'Pardon Crosse.'

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    rose to such a magnitude, that it had several additional places of worship, among which were chapels dedicated to St. Finan and St. Bridget, near the latter of which was an ancient cross, called " Pardon Crosse." Swords was repeatedly plundered and burnt by the Danes ; and about the year 103.5 it suffered in a similar manner from an attack by Conor O'Melaghlin, King of Meath, who was killed in the engagement, to revenge which his brother ravaged the whole district of Fingal with fire and sword. Notwithstanding these repeated injuries, it still retained the character of a place of much importance : for when the bodies of Brian Boroimhe and his son Murrough, who had fallen in the arms of victory at the famous battle of Clontarf, were being conveyed to their final place of interment at Armagh, they were deposited for one night during the journey in the abbey of this town. On the foundation of the collegiate establishment of St. Patrick's, Dublin, by Archbishop Comyn in 1190, Swords was constituted a prebend of that church : it is noticed by Archbishop Alan, in his Repertorium I'iride, as "the Golden Prebend, similar to that of Sarum in England ;" and in the same work is registered as giving name to one of the rural deaneries in the northern part of the diocese. King John granted to Comyn the privilege of holding a fair here for eight days after the feast of St. Columbkill. The place was incorporated by Queen Elizabeth in 1578. James I., in 1603, granted to the Archbishop of Dublin a confirmation of the privileges of the town, together with a weekly market on Monday ; in this document the place is called the " Archbishop's manor of Swords." A grant of two additional fairs was made in 1699. On the breaking out of the war in 1641, the Irish army of the pale assembled for the first time at Swords ; and on the 10th of the following January they were driven from it with the loss of 200 men, by Sir Chas. Coote, with scarcely any loss on his side except that of Sir Lorenzo Carey, a son of Lord Falkland, who was slain in the action.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 306

60. Charles Fort at Kinsale harbour

    near Charles Fort · monument · Cork

    Charles Fort lies east of Kinsale town and commands a governor and fort-major, containing barracks for 16 officers and 332 non-commissioned officers and privates. It also houses a small fixed light for the use of the harbour, elevated 98 feet above high-water mark.

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    The TOWN is pleasantly and advantageously situated near the mouth of the river Bandon, anciently called the Glaslin or Glasson, which here forms a capacious and secure harbour. The streets rise in a singular and irregular manner on the acclivity of an eminence called Compass Hill, the houses ranging tier above tier, most of them on sites excavated in the sohd rock, or placed on the level of some projecting crag ; the descent is dangerously steep, and the streets are inaccessible to carriages except from the summit of the hill, or from the main street, which takes an irregular course along the shore of the harbour. The total number of houses, many of which are well built and of handsome appearance, was, in 1831, 1266; and in 1841, 17O7. The town is paved, and amply supplied with good water from numerous springs. It is much frequented during the season for sea-bathing, and several villas and cottages have been built in the village of Scilly and in the Cove, for the accommodation of visiters. It was lately in contemplation to build a bridge across the ferry on the river, from the town to Courcy's territory ; and a new line of road to Bandon has been completed. The environs embrace some fine views of the sea, the harbour, and the estuaries which indent the adjacent country : the banks of the river are embellished with thriving plantations, and with several gentlemen's seats ; and around the summit of Compass Hill is a pleasant walk, commanding a splendid view of the harbour and the windings of the Bandon. On the east of the town is Charles Fort, commanded by a governor and fortmajor, and containing barracks for 16 officers and 33'2 non-commissioned officers and privates. There are two small hbraries, supported by proprietaries of £5 shareholders and annual subscribers ; a regatta was formerly held in July or August, and boat-races take place occasionally. A handsome suite of assembly-rooms has been built, and on the ground floor of the same building is a reading and news room.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 59