A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. 1143 synod to ransom Rory O'Conor

   Tuam · town · Galway · 1143

   In 1143 Muredach O'Dubhai convened a great synod of 12 bishops and 500 priests at Tuam to devise the best means of ransoming Rory O'Conor, son of Tirdelvac, King of Ireland, who had been taken prisoner by Tiernan O'Rourk.

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   The See of Tuam, as be fore noticed, was founded in the early part of the 6th century by St. Jarlath, of whose successors (who for some years after his death were styled comorbans, bishops, or archbishops, of Connaught) but little is recorded, with the exception of Muredach O' Dubhai, who in 1143 convened a great synod of 12 bishops and 500 priests at this place, to devise the best means of ransoming Rory O'Conor, son of Tirdelvac, King of Ireland, who had been taken prisoner by Tiernan O'Rourk. That prelate was succeeded, in 1 150, by Edan O'Hoisin, who, at the synod held m 1 152 by Cardinal Paparo, was invested with the pall j and the see of Tuam became one of the four archbishoprics of Ireland. The bishoprics of Mayo, Killala, Roscommon, Clonfert, Achonry, Cluan, and Duach were at that time made suffragan to Tuam, to which was afterwards united

   .■}rms 0/ tilt lute Ann bishopric

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 354

2. 1152 synod and consecration of three churches

   Tuam · town · Galway · 1152

   In 1152 a great synod was convened at Tuam by Bishop Catholicus O'Dubhai, at which three churches were consecrated. The same year Cardinal Paparo held a synod investing Edan O'Hoisin with the pall, making Tuam one of four archbishoprics of Ireland.

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   supposed to have died in 540 ; and long after his death his bones were discovered, and deposited in a silver shrine, which was placed in a church or chapel called Temple-ne- Serin, or " the Church of the Shrine." Prior to the year 1150, Tirdelvac O'Conor, King of Ireland, founded a priory for Augustinian Canons, which he dedicated to St. John the Baptist; and in II6I Roderic O'Conor, then king, erected a strong castle of stone here, which obtained the appellation of " the wonderful castle." The town was shortly after destroyed by an accidental fire, but was soon restored, as in HI'S a great synod was convened here by Bishop Catholicus O'Dubhai, at which three churches were consecrated. An abbey for Praemonstratensian canons was founded either in the reign of John or early in that of Henry III., by one of the family of De Burgo, and dedicated to the Holy Trinity. In 1'244 the town, with all its churches, was destroyed by fire. In 1952, when Henry III. confirmed to Florence Mac Flin the Pope's bull for annexing the bishopric of Enaghdune to the see of Tuam, it was on condition that he should have a portion of land within the town for the erection of a castle, in exchange for other land of equal value. The same king by letterspatent granted to the Archbishop of Tuam a fair on the ^Sth of December and the seven following days. In 1356, the place was plundered and burnt by Charles Oge, son of William de Burgo.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 354

3. 1177 Irish clergy assembly in Waterford promulgating papal bulls

   Waterford · city · Waterford · 1177

   An assembly of the Irish clergy was held in Waterford soon after FitzAndelm's arrival as chief governor, in which the papal bulls granting Ireland to Henry II were solemnly promulgated with denunciations against any who should resist.

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   Ossory, Strongbo\' suddenly found himself shut up here, in equal dread of an attack from without and of an insurreetion within. From this distress, however, he was speedily relieved by Raymond Le Gros, who arrived from England with a fleet of twenty ships, having on board 20 knights, 100 horsemen, and 300 archers and other infantry ; and uniting his forces with those of Strongbow, the whole marched to Wexford, leaving Purcell governor of the city. But Purcell attempting to follow them in a boat on the Suir, was intercepted and slain by the Danish inhabitants, who also put to death all the English in the city, except a few who took refuge in Reginald's Tower, which they defended with so much resolution and success that the insurgents yielded up the city to them on conditions little favourable to themselves. In 1 177, soon after the arrival of FitzAndelm, as chief governor, in Ireland, an assembly of the Irish clergy was held in this city, in which the brief lately granted by Pope Alexander and the bull of Pope Adrian, granting to Henry II. the sovereignty of Ireland (under the authority of which the first act of that monarch was the appointment of Augustine to the vacant bishopric of "Waterford, the office of consecration being performed by the archbishop of Cashel), were solemnly promulgated, and the English sovereign's title to the dominion of Ireland was declared in form, with dreadful denunciations against any who should impeach the grant made by the pope, or resist the sovereign authority of that monarch. In 1179, Robert le Poer, governor of Waterford, was associated with Hugh de Lacy in the government of the English settlements ; and subsequently received a grant of the entire county of Waterford, with the reservation of the city and the cantred of the Ostmen.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 378

4. 1368 battle of Poers and O'Driscolls against Waterford

   Waterford · city · Waterford · 1368

   The Poers and O'Driscolls assembled forces and embarked to plunder Waterford. The mayor and sheriff sailed out to meet them, resulting in a sanguinary conflict in which the mayor, sheriff, master of the hospital, and many citizens were killed.

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   On the 4th of September, 1368, the Poers of the county of Waterford having assembled all their forces, and being joined by ODriscoll with his galleys and men, embarked with the intention of plundering the city. The mayor, informed of their design, prepared to resist them, and, accompanied by the sheriff of the county, the master of the hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, and a number of merchant strangers and English, sailed towards the enemy in order to give them battle. A sanguinary conflict ensued, in which the Poers and O'Driscolls were victorious : the mayor, sheriff, master of the hospital, 36 of the principal citizens, and 60 of the merchant strangers and English, were killed ; while on the side of the enemy were killed the Baron of Don Isle, head of the Poers, his brother, and many of his sept, besides a great number of the O'Driscolls. In 1377, in consideration of the heavy burthens and charges the citizens had sustained in the repairs of the city, and its defence against the native Irish and other enemies, Edward III. granted them the cocket customs of the port for ten years ; at the same time enjoining them, as the city was exposed and defenceless towards the sea, to take care that it be firmly surrounded and provided, and that the quays be repaired and inclosed ; so that it might be protected against various enemies who were preparing to attack it on that side. In consideration of the great expenses of the citizens in these fortifications, and in defending the city from the almost daily incursions of the Irish and of foreign enemies, Richard II. gave them the customs and dulies upon all goods and merchandise brought into it for sale. That monarch landed at Waterford, on the 2nd of October, 1394, with an army of 4000 men-at-arms and 30,000 archers, accompanied by the Duke of Gloucester, the Earls of Nottingham and Rutland, and several other distinguished noblemen ; and remained here till the following Shrovetide. In 1399 he again landed, and was joyfully received by the inhabitants ; after spending six days in the city, he proceeded to Kilkenny.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 379

5. 1575 memorial stone of Roger Mac Mahon Guinetf at Kilmore

   Kilmore · townland · Meath · 1575

   Dr. Gregory found a flat stone dated 1575 bearing a representation of the Crucifixion with a legible Latin inscription and a defaced Irish one, requesting prayers for the soul of Roger Mac Mahon Guinetf, or Guinness, at Kilmore, Co. Meath.

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   sides, and the crown of thorns, bleeding heart, &c., on the other. Dr. Gregory also lately found a flat stone, dated 1575, containing a representation of the Crucifixion, with a legible inscription in Latin, and a defaced one in Irish, and a request to pray for the soul of Roger Mac Mahon Guinetf, or Guiness. About '2^ miles northwest from the present church are the ruins of an ancient church, and of a castle, called Arodstown : the remains of a church are also visible at Moynalvey, about a mile to the south of which, cells, extending a considerable distance under ground, were discovered in 1834; and near them is a tract still retaining the name of " the College." To the south of the parish, sepulchral remains have been discovered within a considerable embankment. These various ruins, between which are visible the remains of fortified stations, encircle the parish ; and in the centre stands an ancient bush on a mount, known by the name of Killa-more, the " great hill," and Seach-na-Killa-more, the " bush of Kilmore." The number of the antiquities creates an opinion that Kilmore was formerly a place of religious importance.

   KILMORE, a parish, in the union, barony, and county of Monaghan, province of Ulster, 2^ miles (U'. by N.) from Monaghan, on the road to Clones ; containing 5121 inhabitants. It comprises S6895 statute acres, including a detached portion of 334^ acres, several small lakes, and some bog. The principal seats are Ballyleck, Brandrim, and Rosefield. The Ulster canal passes through the northern part of the parish. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £214. 12. There is a glebe-house, towards the erection of which the Board of First Fruits gave £100 in 1/92 ; the glebe comprises 43 acres. The church is a plain edifice with an elegant tower, erected in 1-88, and for the repair of which £109 were lately granted by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Drunisnat, and has a chapel at Corcahan.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 47

6. 1597 battles at Old Mill Glen, Ballycarry

   Ballycarry · townland · Antrim · 1597

   In 1597 a battle was fought at Old Mill Glen near Ballycarry between the Mac Quillans and Mac Donnells, the former defeated. A second battle that November on the same spot saw Sir John Chichester slain and his army cut to pieces by the Mac Donnells.

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   TEMPLECORRAN, or Broad Island, a parish, in the union of Larne, barony of Lower Belfast, county of Antrim, and province of Ulster, 5 miles (N. E.) from Carrickfergus ; on the road from Belfast to Lame, and on Lough Larne ; containing, with the village of Ballycarry (which is separately described), 1428 inhabitants. In 1597 a battle was fought at the highly romantic vale called Old Mill Glen, near Ballycarry, between the Mac Quillans and Mac Donnells, the former of whom were defeated ; and in November of the same year, another took place on the same spot between the Mac Donnells and Sir John Chichester, when the latter was slain and his army cut to pieces. The parish, which is also called, after the name of the village, Ballycarry, comprises 4744^ statute acres, in a high state of cultivation ; the system of husbandry is in a very improved state, and has been much promoted by the present proprietor, who is a practical and spirited agriculturist. Limestone and basalt are found in great abundance. Red Hall, the seat of the Ker family, is an elegant mansion with a fine demesne. The spinning of yarn and the weaving of linen-cloth are carried on. A court is held for the manor of Broad Island by the seneschal of Marriot Dalway, Esq., for the recovery of debts and determination of pleas to the amount of £20 ; its jurisdiction extends over this parish and that of Kilroot. Fairs are held at Ballycarry.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 321

7. 1613 charter of Newtown-Limavady

   near Limavady · town · Derry · 1613

   In 1613 Newtown-Limavady obtained a charter incorporating its inhabitants under a provost, 12 burgesses, and commonalty, establishing a court of record, market and fair rights, a free school, and the right to send two members to parliament. The school mentioned in the charter was never founded.

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   NEWTOW^N-LIMAVADY, a market and post town (formerly a parliamentary borough), and the head of a union, in the parish of Drumachose, barony of Ke- NAUGHT, county of Londonderry, and province of Ulster, 12|- miles (E. N. E.) from the city of Londonderry, and 131 (N. byW.) from Dublin, on the road from Londonderry to Coleraine ; containing 3101 inhabitants. The district in which the town stands was anciently the territory of the O'Cahans or O'Canes, the head of a powerful and warlike sept, whose castle on the brow of a romantic glen was called Lemaraddij, or " the Dog's Leap." The estimation in which these chieftains were formerly held, ajipcars from the fact that Dermod O'Cahan was summoned by Edward II. to attend him with his forces on his disastrous expedition against Scotland : he went, but, instead of joining the army of the invader, was found in the ranks of the Scottish king at the battle of Bannockburn. After the general forfeiture of Ulster, in 1608, arising out of the attainder of the earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnel, Sir Thomas Philips, surveyor of the forfeited estates, obtained a grant of 1000 acres in this district, where he erected a castle and a bawn upon the eastern bank of the Roe, on a spot near the site on which a town named Ballyclose, now a suburb of Newtown-Limavady, previously existed. The town took its name Newtown from the circumstance of its modern erection ; and, to distinguish it from several others, acquired the adjunct of Limavady from its contiguity to O'Cahan's castle. It increased rapidly under the fostering care of its founder, who, in 1610, brought hither 25 English families ; and in 1613 the town obtained a charter, which is stated to have been granted on the petition of the inhabitants, and for the better plantation of Ulster. By this charter, the inhabitants were incorporated under the name of "the Provost, 12 Burgesses, and Commonalty,"' and a court of record was created, of which the provost was to be judge ; he was also to be clerk-of-the-market, and collector of the tolls and customs, which he retained for his own use. It likewise conferred a licence for holding a market on Monday, and a fair on July 1st (to which three others were added a few years afterwards) ; granted 300 acres of land for a common, and 375 for the maintenance of a free school to be erected at Limavady ; and the right of sending two members to parliament. A discretionary power of electing freemen was given to the provost and burgesses by the same charter.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

8. 1641 insurgents seize Maryborough and Dunamase

   Park or Dunamase · townland · Laois · 1641

   At the outbreak of the 1641 rebellion, insurgents in Queen's County secured Maryborough, Dunamase, and other places of strength. The Earl of Ormonde arrived at Athy from Dublin and detached parties for their relief.

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   large grants of land were made to Villicrs, Duke of Buckingham, now forming the extensive manor of Villicrs, which has descended through the female line to the 'present duke. In the same reign, and during the unsettled period of the Commonwealth, the families of Pigott, Coote, Prior, Parnell, and Pole, settled here : those of Vcsey, Dawson, Staples, Burrowes, and Johnson, obtained lands in it after the Revolution. The county had its full share of the calamities of the civil war in 1641, at the beginning of which the insurgents secured Maryborough, Dunamase, and other places of strength. The Earl of Ormonde, arriving at Athy from Dublin, detached parties for their relief; on his retreat the whole of the county submitted to General Preston, but was forced again to submit to the royal arms. In 1646, Owen Roe O'Nial seized upon several forts in it. In 1650, Cromwell's forces entered the county, and met with much resistance : in the course of the struggle most of its fortresses were dismantled by his generals, Hewson and Reynolds. During the Revolution of 168S, a signal victory was gained by the troops of William at a noted togher or bog-pass near Cappard, where they defeated a much superior number of the Irish. After the termination of the war, the country was so harassed by the ravages of the Rapparees, that the resident gentlemen applied to King William to have a force of infantry and dragoons quartered in it, and specified the castle of Lea as one of the principal stations for their reception.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 234

9. 1641 Rebel Attack and Burning of Lisburn

   near Lisburn · town · Antrim · 1641

   During the 1641 rebellion, an insurgent army attacked Lisburn but was repulsed by reinforcements arriving from Carrickfergus and Belfast. The insurgents subsequently set fire to the town, reducing it to ashes while a fierce conflict continued until midnight.

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   of horse, the insurgent army commanded by Sir Phclim O'Nial, Sir Conn Magennis, and General IMiinkct, on their march to Carrickfergus, advanced to attack the town. Sir Arthur Tyringham, however, arriving with a small reinforcement, and being aided by Sir George Rawdou, repulsed the columns of the enemy as they successively ad\anced to the assault, and, by a galling fire from the streets, committed great slaughter among them. At nightfall, further reinforcements arrived from Carrickfergus and Belfast ; and the insurgents, despairing of success, set fire to the town, which in a few hours was reduced to ashes ; a sanguinary conflict being maintained in the burning town till nearly midnight, when the insurgents w'ere finally put to flight, leaving behind them a number of slain equal to three times the entire number of the garrison, of whom only from '20 to 30 were killed. In 1644, General Monroe made an attempt to obtain possession of the town, but was frustrated by the vigilance and resolution of the garrison ; and on the 6th of December, 1648, that general, with the Scottish forces under his command, was signally defeated on the plains of " Lisnegarvey," by Colonel Venables and Sir Charles Coote, two of Cromwell's commanders ; to the former of whom the castle was surrendered in 1650. On the landing of the Duke of Schomberg, near Bangor, in 16S9, a considerable body of forces in the interest of James II. assembled at this place ; but they afterwards abandoned it without any attempt for its defence, and William III. passed through the town shortly before the battle of the Boyne. Charles II., to reward the fidelity of the inhabitants to his father and to himself, had erected the church of Lishurn into a cathedral for the united dioceses of Down and Connor, and had granted the townsmen the privilege of sending two representatives to the Irish parliament ; but what more especially contributed to the improvement and commercial importance of the town was the settlement here, after the revocation of the edict of Nantz, of many Huguenot families, who introduced the manufacture of linen, and brought with them improved machinery from Holland. The skill and industry of these foreigners were liberally encouraged by the government, which granted large sums of money for the erection of suitable buildings for carrying on the manufactures, &c. ; and, by giving an example to others engaged in the same trade, the new settlers soon raised the quality of the manufactures to a degree of excellence previously unknown. In 170", the town and castle were burned to the ground ; the latter has never been rebuilt, but the present town soon arose from the ruins of the former, and gradually increased in extent. It has been greatly improved at various times, especially within the last few years by the spirited exertions of the agent of the Marquess of Hertford, who is owner in ■fee of the whole town, and of a considerable part of the surrounding country ; and Lisburn is now one of the handsomest inland towns in Ulster.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 81

10. 1641 siege and burning of Newtown-Limavady castle

    near Limavady · town · Derry · 1641–1642

    During the war of 1641, the castle was besieged by the Irish army under O'Nial. The garrison under Captain Philips, supported by townspeople including women, held out through the winter until relieved by Colonel Mervyn's parliamentary forces. The castle was subsequently taken by the Irish and burnt along with the church and entire town.

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    In the war of 1641, the castle was besieged by the Irish army under O'Nial ; but the garrison, under Captain Philips, the governor, supported by many of the townspeople, among whom were some women, held out during the entire winter, until relieved by the approach

    3 F

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

11. 1641 siege of Lismore Castle repelled by Lord Broghill

    Lismore · town · Waterford · 1641

    At the commencement of the war in 1641, Lismore Castle was besieged by a force of Irish under Sir Richard Belling, but was bravely defended by the earl's son, Lord Broghill, who compelled them to abandon the attempt.

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    At the commencement of the war in 1641, the castle was besieged by a force of .'.OOO Irish under Sir Richard Belling, but was bravely defended by the earl's son. Lord Broghill, who compelled them to abandon the attempt. In 1643, a party of 200 insurgents, in retaliation for the destruction of Clogheen by the garrison of this place, entered the town and burned most of the thatched houses and cabins, killed 60 of the inhabitants, and carried off several prisoners. In July of the same year Lieutenant- General Purcell, commander-in-chief of the insurgent forces, at the head of 7000 foot and 900 horse, with three pieces of artillery, marched to Cappoquin, where he remained for four days, laying waste the adjacent country ; and being there joined by Lord Muskerry, he advanced to besiege the castle of Lismore. After a week's siege, a cessation of arms was mutually agreed on, and the assailants immediately retired ; but the castle suffered great injury during this war, and in 1645, being burned 246

    by Lord Castlehaven, it was reduced almost to a ruin, and the town became a neglected village, consisting only of a few miserable cabins. In 16S6, the Earl of Clarendon, on his progress through Munster, passed a night in this castle, which was also visited by James II., in 1689; and in 1785 the Duke of Rutland, Lord- Lieutenant of Ireland, held a council in the castle, from which he issued several proclamations. The castle, with all its lands and other property, descended from the Earls of Cork and Burlington, by marriage, to the ancestor of his Grace the Duke of Devonshire, who is the present proprietor.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 85

12. 1641 siege of Strabane Castle by Sir Phelim O'Neill

    near Strabane · town · Tyrone · 1641

    In 1641 Sir Phelim O'Neill besieged Strabane, took the castle, and carried off the Countess of Abercorn as a prisoner until ransomed for a large sum. O'Neill's forces held the castle until it was retaken by Colonel Sir G. Hamilton, brother of the Earl of Abercorn.

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    STRABANE, a market and post town (formerly a parliamentary borough), and the head of a union, partly in the parishes of Leck- PATRiCK and Urney, but i chiefly in that of Camusjuxta-Mourne, barony off Strabane, county of Ty- ' RONE, and province of Ulster, 12 miles (S. S. W.) from Londonderry, 14;^ (N. W. by N.) from Omagh, and 10" (N. N. W.) from Dublin, on the coach-road to Londonderry ; containing 4704 inhabitants. Little notice of this place occurs prior to the 14th century, when a Franciscan monastery of the third order was founded here, which flourished for a short time and ultimately merged into the abbey of Scarvaherin. The place was originally in the district of Munterlony ; but on the formation of part of the territory of Tir-Owen info the county of Tyrone, in 1591, it was made the head of the barony of Strabane. It appears, however, to have been merely an inconsiderable village till the plantation of Ulster by James I., who in 1611 granted the surrounding district to the Earl of Abercorn, who previously to the year I6I9 had erected a strong castle, around which he built a town of 80 houses, and settled 120 families mustering together 200 armed men, for whom, in I6l2, he obtained a charter of incorporation and other valuable privileges. He also erected three water-mills for grinding corn, and began to build a church. The town now ranks the first in the county. In 1641 it was besieged by Sir Phelini O'Nial, who took the castle, and, carrying off the Countess of Abercorn, detained her as a prisoner till ransomed by the payment of a large sum of money. The Irish forces of O'Nial remained for a long time in possession of the castle ; but it was at length retaken by the troops under the command of Colonel Sir G. Hamilton, brother of the Earl of Abercorn. In the war of the Revolution it was garrisoned for the Protestants, and on the 14th of March, I6S8, afforded an asylum to the inhabitants of Dungannon and its neighbourhood, when abandoned by Colonel Lundy ; in the following month, however, it fell into the hands of the enemy, and on the 18th of April, James II. arrived in person at this place and passed the ford to Lifford. From Lifford he proceeded to Londonderry; but finding that city in a state much more opposed to his views than he had anticipated, he returned to the castle of Strabane on the 20th, and received a deputation who surrendered to him the fort of Culmore.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 299

13. 1688 burning of Newtown-Limavady by James II's army

    near Limavady · town · Derry · 1688–1689

    The rebuilt town of Newtown-Limavady suffered a similar fate in the war of 1688, being burned by the army of James II on its retreat from Derry. The place was rebuilt after the Revolution, and some houses then erected were still standing.

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    of the parliamentary forces commanded by Colonel Mervyn, who routed the besieging army with much slaughter. The castle, however, was subsequently taken by the Irish, and burnt, together with the church and the entire town. A new town sprang up from the ruins, which suffered a similar fate in the war of 16S8, being burned by the army of James II. on its retreat from Derry ; the place was again rebuilt after the Revolution, and some of the houses then erected are still standing. The borough was disfranchised at the Union, from which period the corporation declined, the only official proof of its existence being the collection of the tolls and customs, which was eventually relinquished in consequence of the resistance given to the payment of them : on the death of the provost some years since, no successor was appointed, and the corporation may now be considered e.xtinct. The land granted for commonage seems to have merged in the general estate on its sale by the Philips family, in the reign of Charles II. The school mentioned in the charter was never founded, nor can any particulars be procured relative to the land set apart for its endowment. The borough and manor courts are discontinued, and the place is now, like the rest of the county, governed by the magistrates and the police.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

14. 1689 siege of Derry as Protestant asylum

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1689

    In 1689 about 30,000 Protestants of the north fled to Londonderry for refuge before the marauding forces of James. The young men closed the gates against a native garrison, and the city became distinguished for the heroic bravery of its inhabitants during a protracted siege.

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    This city became in l6S9 the asylum of the Protestants of the north, who, in number about 30,000, fled to it for refuge before the marauding forces of James ; and is distinguished in the annals of modern history for the heroic bravery of its inhabitants amidst the extreme privations of a protracted siege. The chief governor having withdrawn the Protestant garrison, and steps being taken to introduce an undisciplined native force influenced by hostile prejudices, the young men of the city closed the gates against its admission j and the bulk of the inhabitants took up arms in their own defence. The magistrates and graver citizens endeavoured to palliate this ebullition of military ardour in their representations to the Lord-Lieutenant ; but in the mean time the armed inhabitants applied to the Irish Society for assistance. Lord Mountjoy, a Protestant commander in the army of James, was, however, admitted, in a great measure from personal regard, but on condition that a free pardon should be granted within 15 days, and that in the interval only two companies should be quartered within the walls ; that, of the forces afterwards admitted.

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    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 100

15. 1707 Fire and Rebuilding of Lisburn

    near Lisburn · town · Antrim · 1707

    In 1707, the town and castle of Lisburn were burned to the ground. While the castle was never rebuilt, the present town soon arose from the ruins of the former and gradually increased in extent.

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    of horse, the insurgent army commanded by Sir Phclim O'Nial, Sir Conn Magennis, and General IMiinkct, on their march to Carrickfergus, advanced to attack the town. Sir Arthur Tyringham, however, arriving with a small reinforcement, and being aided by Sir George Rawdou, repulsed the columns of the enemy as they successively ad\anced to the assault, and, by a galling fire from the streets, committed great slaughter among them. At nightfall, further reinforcements arrived from Carrickfergus and Belfast ; and the insurgents, despairing of success, set fire to the town, which in a few hours was reduced to ashes ; a sanguinary conflict being maintained in the burning town till nearly midnight, when the insurgents w'ere finally put to flight, leaving behind them a number of slain equal to three times the entire number of the garrison, of whom only from '20 to 30 were killed. In 1644, General Monroe made an attempt to obtain possession of the town, but was frustrated by the vigilance and resolution of the garrison ; and on the 6th of December, 1648, that general, with the Scottish forces under his command, was signally defeated on the plains of " Lisnegarvey," by Colonel Venables and Sir Charles Coote, two of Cromwell's commanders ; to the former of whom the castle was surrendered in 1650. On the landing of the Duke of Schomberg, near Bangor, in 16S9, a considerable body of forces in the interest of James II. assembled at this place ; but they afterwards abandoned it without any attempt for its defence, and William III. passed through the town shortly before the battle of the Boyne. Charles II., to reward the fidelity of the inhabitants to his father and to himself, had erected the church of Lishurn into a cathedral for the united dioceses of Down and Connor, and had granted the townsmen the privilege of sending two representatives to the Irish parliament ; but what more especially contributed to the improvement and commercial importance of the town was the settlement here, after the revocation of the edict of Nantz, of many Huguenot families, who introduced the manufacture of linen, and brought with them improved machinery from Holland. The skill and industry of these foreigners were liberally encouraged by the government, which granted large sums of money for the erection of suitable buildings for carrying on the manufactures, &c. ; and, by giving an example to others engaged in the same trade, the new settlers soon raised the quality of the manufactures to a degree of excellence previously unknown. In 170", the town and castle were burned to the ground ; the latter has never been rebuilt, but the present town soon arose from the ruins of the former, and gradually increased in extent. It has been greatly improved at various times, especially within the last few years by the spirited exertions of the agent of the Marquess of Hertford, who is owner in ■fee of the whole town, and of a considerable part of the surrounding country ; and Lisburn is now one of the handsomest inland towns in Ulster.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 81

16. 1798 battle at Petersville, Moynalty

    near Petersville · sub-townland · Meath · 1798

    During the disturbances of 1798, a battle took place at Petersville in the parish of Moynalty between a party of insurgents and the king's troops.

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    and on a branch of the river Blackwater ; containing 6279 inhabitants, of whom 130 are in the town. During the disturbances of 1798, a battle took place at Petersville, in this parish, between a party of the insurgents and the king's troops. The parish comprises 1 2,678} statute acres; about one-third is good land, one-third raiddhng, and the remainder indifferent : the land is principally under tillage, and the system of agriculture is improving ; there is a small quantity of bog, and some extensive limestone-quarries are worked both for manure and building. The town or village, which is of recent erection, was, till within the last few years, composed of cabins ; it is now clean and well-built, and comprises 25 detached houses, noted for their neatness, with the church at one of its extremities, and the Roman Catholic chapel at the other. The improvement has been effected by J. Farrell, Esq., the present proprietor, who has also, by extensive and judicious plantations, greatly benefited the surrounding country, and has erected some substantial farmhouses on bis estate. Petty-sessions are held once a fortnight. The principal seats are, Moynalty Lodge, the residence of the Farrell family ; Kingsfort ; Westland ; Cherry Mount ; Walterstown ; Petersville ; Donover ; Skirk ; and Westland Cottage. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Crown ; the tithe rent-charge is £412. 10. The glebe-house, a handsome building, was erected in 17 92, at an expense of £847 ; the glebe comprises 13 acres, valued at £26 per annum. The church was built in 1819, by aid of a loan of £1000 from the Board of First Fruits. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels : that at Moynalty is a neat stone edifice, built in 1824, at an expense of £1000 ; the other is a new building at Newcastle : both have paintings over the altars. There is a dispensary. A castle formerly stood here, which was the residence of the Farnham family ; but no remains of it are now in existence.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 182

17. 1798 disturbances in southern Wicklow

    Wicklow · town · Wicklow · 1798

    During the 1798 disturbances, County Wicklow was the scene of many acts of violence, with several severe conflicts in the southern part. Insurgent bands found refuge in mountain recesses and committed extensive depredations.

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    this re(niest was cither neglLCted or refused. When the opponents of the English guvernnienl had acquired increased strength by fomenting religious dissensions, the celebrated Pheagh Mac Hugh Byrne, in the years 1577, 15/8, and 1580, in alliance with several disaffected lords, harassed the English pale ; and in the last-named year obtained a sanguinary victory over the lord-deputy's forces at Glendalough, whither they had penetrated with great diflicuity. In 1595, on a reverse of fortune, he made his sulimissiou at Dublin. In 1596, his sept was defeated by the British troops, after a sharp action ; and in the following year, Pheagh Mac Hugh fell in an engagement with the lord-deputy, Sir William Russell. His son Phelim Mac Pheagh was chosen in his place as chief of the Byrnes, and in 1600 made an humble submission to Queen Elizabeth, together with several other Irish toparchs. An expedition was undertaken against him, however, in the same year ; but the country was reduced to comparative tranquillity in 1605, in the reign of James I., and during the lieutenancy of Sir Arthur Chichester, by being erected into a county distinct from that of Dublin, under its present name. The Byrnes, in the wars of 1641, united with their neighbours of the same party in the counties of Wexford and Carlow, and extended their ravages to the very walls of Dublin. Notwithstanding the cruelties exercised by Sir Charles Coote in his expedition against them, they maintained their cause until Cromwell, after the siege of Drogheda, marched triumphantly through the county, and reduced every town and fort in it ; thus terminating the war in this quarter. In the disturbances of 179^J the county was the scene of many acts of violence, and in the southern part of it several severe conflicts took ])lace. Even after their general suppression, bands of insurgents found a refuge in its mountain recesses, and hence committed extensive depredations, which a large military force was unable to repress. Government at length entered into composition with the principal leaders, in order to restore tranquillity to the country ; cut roads through the wildest districts ; and erected barracks at different places ia them ; which effected the object proposed, and also tended much to improve the country by facilitating the means of communication through a district previously almost impassable.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 404

18. 1798 insurgent attack on Prosperous

    Prosperous · town · Kildare · 1798

    During the disturbances of 1798, a party of insurgents attacked the town of Prosperous, County Kildare, and surprised a party of the king's troops, whom they put to the sword. Since that period the town gradually declined in importance.

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    PROSPEROUS, a town or village, in the parish of KiLLYBEGs, union of Naas, barony of Clane, county of KiLDARE, and province of Leinster, 11 miles (S. \V.) from Leixlip ; containing .526 inhabitants. This place, which is situated near the Grand Canal, owes its origin to Mr. Robert Brooke, who, toward the close of the last century, expended a large fortune in attempting to establish the cotton manufacture here. In less than three years a town, consisting of 200 houses, was built ; establishments were completed for all the various branches of that manufacture, including the printing of linen and cotton goods, and also for making the requisite machinery connected with the works ; and from the flattering prospect of success which grew with the attempt, the town rather prematurely derived its name. In pursuing this object, that gentleman exceeded the limits of his own private fortune, and, upon application to parliament, obtained a grant of £25,000 ; but in 1786, having again occasion to apply to parliament for assistance, his petition was rejected, and the works consequentlj' were discontinued. Upon this occasion 1400 looms were thrown out of employment ; and every other branch of the manufacture, together with the making of the requisite machinery, ceased. Though the undertaking was never revived, still the manufacture was continued on a very limited scale till 179S, when, during the disturbances of that year, a party of the insurgents attacked the town, and surprised a party of the king's troops, whom they put to the sword. Since that pi-riod the town has gradually declined in importance ; a few

    3 K

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 233

19. 1798 insurgent encampment and double-trenched raths at Taghmon

    Taghmon · townland · Westmeath · 1798

    On a hill in Taghmon parish, insurgents had an encampment in 1798. The parish also contains several raths, most of which have a double trench.

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    TAGHMON, a parish, in the union of Mullingar, barony of Corkaree, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, 5f miles (N. N. E.) from Mullingar, on the road to Castle-Pollard, and on Lough Dereveragh ; containing 958 inhabitants. It comprises 3452|- statute acres, chiefly under tillage ; about 60 are called the Crooked Wood, and 60 are bog. Here are quarries of black limestone. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, united to the vicarage of Stonehall and the rectory of Multifarnham, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge of the parish is £115. 7- 6. ; and the gross value of the benefice, before the passing of the Rent-charge act, was £396. 4. The glebe-house was built in 1813, at an expense of £892 British, of which £400 were a gift and £300 a loan from the late Board of First Fruits. The glebe here comprises 40 acres of profitable land, valued at £60 per annum ; there is also a glebe of 12 acres in Multifarnham. The church is an ancient building in the Gothic style, in decent repair. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Turin, or Rathconnell, and has a chapel at Monktown. On a hill in the parish the insurgents, in 1798, had an encampment. There are several raths, most of which have a double trench.

    TAGHMON, an ancient incorporated post-town (formerly a parliamentary borough) and a parish, partly in the barony of Bargy, but chiefly in the barony of Shelmalier West, union and county of Wexford,

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 308

20. 1798 insurgents assemble at Skeagh hill

    Skeagh · electoral division · Westmeath · 1798

    In September 1798, a tumultuous body of insurgents gathered at the hill of Skeagh in Rathconrath parish before dispersing. A party that took post at Wilson's Hospital was encountered by soldiery.

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    RATHCONRATH, a parish, in the union of Mul- LiNGAR, barony of R.\thconr\th, county of West- MEATH, and province of Leinster, 3^ miles (S.) from Ballanacargy, and on the road from Dublin, by Mullingar, to Athlone ; containing 3378 inhabitants, of whom 213 are in the village. A tumultuous body of insurgents assembled in Sept. 1798, at the hill of Skeagh, in this parish ; but they afterwards dispersed, excepting a party that took post at Wilson's Hospital and were there encountered by the soldiery. The parish comprises 8746 statute acres : the land is of good quality ; there is very little waste ; about one-fourth is arable, and nearly all the remainder pasture. The common substratum is limestone and black flagstone : there are quarries of the former in almost all parts of the parish, and from one on the lands of Mount D' Alton the stones for the chambers of the locks on the Royal Canal were taken, as well as for the bridges, for a considerable distance. Great facility is afforded for inland 451

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 246

21. 1798 insurgents defeated near Kilbeggan

    Kilbeggan · town · Westmeath · 1798

    During the disturbances of 1798, a party of insurgents was defeated near Kilbeggan after an obstinate engagement by Colonel Blake at the head of his regiment of Northumberland militia.

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    KILBEGGAN, a market and post town, a parish, and formerly a parliamentary borough, in the union of TuLLAMORE, barony of Moycashel, county of West- Meath, and province of Leinster, 15 miles (E. by S.) from Athloue, and 44^ miles (W.) from Dublin ; on the river Brosna and the road from Dublin to Athlone ; containing 41S6 inhabitants, of whom 1910 are in the town. A monastery was founded here by St. Becan, son of Murchade, a contemporary of St. Columb, about the year 600. In 972, a sanguinary battle was fought between the Irish and Danes, at a ford on the river, near the present bridge, since called Aghnaccan, or the " Ford of Heads," from the numbers of the slain that floated down the river. In 1200, the monastery, which bad fallen into decay, was rebuilt by the family of Dalton, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin ; and some Cistercian monks, from the abbey of Mellifont, were placed in it. After its dissolution, the house and its possessions, which were very extensive, were granted to the Lambart family, of whom Sir Oliver, afterwards Lord Lambart, in 1 606, obtained for the town the grant of a weekly market and an annual fair. In I6l2, James I. gave the inhabitants a charter ; and in 1620, Charles, son of Oliver, Lord Lambart, procured a grant of two additional fairs. During the disturbances of 179S, a party of insurgents was defeated near the town, after an obstinate engagement, by Colonel Blake, at the head of his regiment of Northumberland militia.

    The TOWN contains 372 houses, of which nearly onehalf are neatly built and slated. It is improving ; and a branch from the Grand Canal, which was recently cut to it, holds out prospects of the increase of its trade. There are a large distillery, a brewery, and two mills for flour and oatmeal, one of them extensive ; also a manufactory for tobacco and snuff. The market is on Saturday, and is a considerable mart for butter : fairs for live stock are held on March 25th, June I6th, Aug. 15th, and Oct. 28th. The market-house is a neat plain 19

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 14

22. 1798 insurgents hold Wexford and kill prisoners on the bridge

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1798

    During the 1798 disturbances, insurgents took Wexford after the garrison fled following the defeat at the Three Rocks. They held the town until late June, killing 91 prisoners on the bridge before evacuating after the royal victory at Vinegar Hill.

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    In 1793, a large body of the peasantry advanced hither to rescue some Whiteboy prisoners. On their approach, a detachment of the garrison was sent out to disperse them, the commander of which. Captain Valloton, having ridden in advance of his men, for the humane purpose of expostulating with the insurgents on their conduct, was cut down by a scythe : a monumental obelisk erected on the Windmill hill commemorates this deplorable event. During the disturbances of 1798, Wexford was the chief position of the insurgents in the south of Ireland. After the defeat of a detachment of the king's troops, at the Three Rocks, on the 30th of May, on their march to the town, it was evacuated in a panic by the garrison, and immediately taken possession of by the insurgents, who made it their principal station, and kept it till the '21st of the following month, during which time they put to death 91 of their prisoners on the bridge. On the advance of the royal army, however, after the total defeat of the main body of the insurgents at Vinegar Hill, near Enniscorthy, it was evacuated with such precipitation that a troop of yeoman-cavalry, which had boldly galloped in advance of the main body, in the hope of preventing the apprehended ill-treatment of their wives and families from the paroxysms of despair of their opponents, entered without the smallest check or opposition. Medals of gold and silver were struck by order of the corporation, to commemorate this event, and were given to the officers aud privates of the corps. In 1804, the walls underwent a thorough repair, at the expense of the corporation, on which occasion a piece of plate was presented to the mayor.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 398

23. 1798 insurgents routed on the Hill of Tara

    near Tara · hill or hills · Meath · 1798

    In 1798, a large body of insurgents who had posted themselves on the hill of Taragh were routed with considerable loss by a detachment of the king's troops and yeomanry.

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    King John spent some time in this county during his abode in Ireland, and tradition says that he held a parliament at Trim, which however is very doubtful, as there are no traces of its proceedings. A tomb in which one of this king's daughters is said to have been interred, was shewn in the abbey of Newtown, near Trim. About the year V120, Meath was almost ruineil by the private quarrels of Hugh, Earl of Ulster, and William Marshall. 'U'' alter de Lacy having died in 1234 without male issue, his princely possessions descended to his two daughters, the wives of Geoffrey de Geneville and Theobald Verdun. In the reign of Henry VIII., the extensive church property in the county fell into the hands of the king on the dissolution of the monasteries ; and towards the close of the same reign Con O'Nial, King or Prince of Ulster, invaded Meath, and pillaged and burned Navan, in his progress : to prevent a recurrence of this calamity, a cess of 3s. ■id. was laid on every ploughland in the county, to be applied towards inclosing Navan with a wall. In the 34th year of the same king's reign, the division of the county into Meath and Westmeath took place. During the reign of Elizabeth the county was in a state of great wretchedness and destitution, as appears from the report made by Sir Henry Sidney, in 1576, in which he says " that, of the '2'24 parish churches then in the diocese, the walls of many had fallen ; very few chancels were covered, and the windows and doors were spoiled. Fifty-two of these churches, which had vicars endowed, were better maintained and served than the others, yet but badly : S'i of the residue, which belonged to particular lords, though in a better state, were far from well." In the year 1798 a large body of insurgents, who had posted themselves on the hill of Taragh, were routed with considerable loss by a detachment of the king's troops and yeomanry.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 148

24. 1798 rebel assembly killed at Kilglass, Sligo

    Kilglass · townland · Sligo · 1798

    During the 1798 rebellion, peasantry who assembled at Kilglass in county Sligo were killed in an attack by cavalry. The parish sits on the bay of Killala, about 8 miles north-north-east of Ballina.

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    KILGLASS, a parish, in the union of Ballina, barony Tyreragh, county of Sligo, and province of Connaught, 8 miles (N. N. E.) from Ballina, and on the bay of Killala ; containing 4941 inhabitants. Many of the peasantry who assembled here in 1798 were killed in an attack made by the cavalry. The parish comprises 12,884|- statute acres, chiefly under tillage, with a considerable quantity of bog : among the seats are, Carrowned ; Ohil, a handsome house lately built ; and Kinnaird. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killala, forming part of the union of Castle-Connor ; the rectory is appropriate to the bishopric, the deanery, and the precentorship of Killala. The tithe rent-charge is £357, of which £175. 10. are now payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, £3 to the dean, £3 to the precentor, and £175. 10. to the vicar. The church is a neat building with a spire, erected in 1829, by aid of a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits. There is a glebe of 17 Irish acres, but no glebe-house. The Roman Catholic parish is co-estensive with that of the Established Church, and contains a chapel, built in 1S25, at an expense of £600. Of several public schools, one is endowed with a bequest of £400 from the late Rev. J. Valentine, which sum has accumulated to £2000 : the school- house is a good stone building, and cost £215. At Enniscrone, in this parish, the property of Robert Orme, Esq., a very handsome lodge was lately built by that gentleman, who has enabled his tenants there to erect comfortable slated houses, which now form a considerable village, having a receiving-house for letters, and a market ; it is also a coast-guard station belonging to the Sligo district, and a constabulary police station. Petty-sessions are held there on alternate Saturdays, and fairs on June 15th and Sept. 18th; a fair is also held at Quiguboy on July 20th. At PuUogheany creek, on the east side of the bay of Killala. small vessels land kelp, &c., in summer : it has tolerably good shelter in most winds, behind the breakwater. Near this creek

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 27

25. 1798 rebel battle at Kilcullen churchyard and Knockawlin

    Knockaulin · street · Kildare · 1798

    During the 1798 disturbances insurgents posted themselves in the churchyard on a steep hill, killing Captains Erskine and Cookes who advanced to dislodge them. Thousands later surrendered to General Dundas on the hill of Knockawlin, about a mile distant, where they had occupied an intrenched camp.

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    KILCULLEX, a parish, in the union of Naas, barony of Kilcullen, county of Kildahe, and province of Leinster, 8 miles (S. S. W.) from Naas, and on the coach-road from Dublin to Athy and Carlow ; containing 30'20 inhabitants. This place, which since the erection of the new town of Kiluullen-Bridge, has been called Old KilcuUen, derived its name from the foundation of a church and monastery in the district of Coulan, of which St. Patrick appointed St. Isernine bishop ; Isernine died in 469, and was succeeded by St. Mactalius. The monastery, and the town which grew up around it, were plundered repeatedly by the Danes, between the years 883 and 1037; but when the English obtained a settlement in the country, the town was fortified, and greatly increased in importance. Soon after the invasion, a castle was erected here by the Fitzmartins, which eventually became the property of the Fitz-Eustace family, of whom Thomas Fitz-Eustace, afterwards Viscount Baltinglass, was created Baron of Kilculleu by Henry VIII. Previously to the year 1319, the town was surrounded with strong walls and defended by seven gates ; but Maurice Jaques having in that year built a bridge over the river Liffey, about two miles from this place, the town of KilcuUen-Bridge began rapidly to increase, and the ancient town to decline. During the civil war the castle was garrisoned for the parliamentarians, in 1641, but was taken two years afterwards by the Marquess of Ormonde. In the same year, the commissioners appointed to treat for a cessation of hostilities assembled here, but afterwards adjourned to Jigginstown, near Naas ; and in 1647 the castle was taken and burnt by the parliamentarians. In the disturbances of 1798, a large number of the insurgents posted themselves in the churchyard, on the summit of a very steep hill, and Captains Erskine and Cookes, who advanced to dislodge them, were killed in the attempt, and their party repulsed. The insurgents afterwards assembled in great numbers on the heights above the town, from which, however, they were driven with great loss by General Dundas, who was stationed here ; and several thousands of them subsequently surrendered to him on the hill of Knockawlin, about a mile distant, where they had occupied an intrenched camp. The town, which stood on a bleak eminence in a very commanding position, is now only an insignificant village ; its market, which belongs by patent to the Rev. Thomas O'Moore, has been removed to Kilcullen-Bridge, and fairs only are now held here on June 22nd and Oct. 2nd.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 18

26. 1798 Rebellion battle at New Ross

    New Ross · town · Wexford · 1798

    During the 1798 disturbances a most sanguinary conflict took place between the king's troops and the insurgents at New Ross. After ten hours of severe fighting, during which the insurgents held part of the town, they were ultimately defeated with great slaughter; Lord Mountjoy was killed at the Three-Bullet Gate.

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    annually a certain number of hawks and cattle. Ohltrfleet Castle was at that time considered so important a defence against the Scots, that in 1569, it was entrusted to Sir Moyscs Hill; but it was dismantled in ir,98. James I., in 1603, granted the entire headland to Sir' Randal Mac Donnell, surnamed Sorlcy-Boy ; and in 1612 gave the castle and lands to Sir Arthur Chichester, together with the right of ferry between tliis place and Island-Magee. During the disturbances of 1798, the town was attacked by the insurgent army from Hallymena, but the assailants were repulsed by the Tay fencibles, assisted by the yeomanry and inhabitants.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi

27. 1798 skirmish at Kilshine

    Kilshine · parish · Meath · 1798

    The parish of Kilshine in County Meath was the scene of a skirmish during the disturbances of 1798. The parish is situated 7 miles north by west from Navan on the road from Dublin to Kingscourt.

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    KILSHINE, a parish, in the union of Navan, barony of Morgallion, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, 7 miles (N. by W.) from Navan, and on the road from Dublin to Kingscourt ; containing 609 inhabitants. This parish was the scene of a skirmish during the disturbances of 1798. It comprises 1543^ statute acres, three-fourths of which are under a good system of tillage ; there is some bog. Petty-sessions are held at George's Cross every alternate Monday. Mountainstown House, the handsome residence of the Pollock family, is situated in a fine demesne of 300 plantation acres. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, united by act of council in 1809 to the rectory of Clongill, and in the patronage of the Crown and the Bishop, the former having one turn and the latter two. 172

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 56

28. 1798 skirmish at Newtown-Mount-Kennedy

    Newtown Mount Kennedy · town · Wicklow · 1798

    On 30 May 1798, about 1000 insurgents attacked Newtown-Mount-Kennedy, burning some houses before being opposed by a garrison of 100 including Ancient Britons cavalry, Antrim militia, and yeomanry. The insurgents were totally routed after sharp fighting in which the commander of the Ancient Britons was killed.

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    NEWTOWN-MOUNT-KENNEDY, a market and post town, in the parish and barony of Newcastle, union and county of Wicklow, and province of Lein- STER, 7 miles (N.) from Wicklow, and 17 (S. byE.) from Dublin ; containing 823 inhabitants. The town is situated on the mail-coach road from Dublin to Wexford, and owes its origin and its name to Richard Kennedy, who was knighted in the reign of Charles II. and obtained a grant of the manor. In the disturbances of 1798 it was the scene of a sharp skirmish between the insurgents and the king's forces. The former, to the number of about 1000, variously armed, commenced an attack on the town, early in the morning of the 30th of May, by burning some houses ; but on advancing to the market-house, they were opposed by the little garrison, consisting of a detachment of the Ancient Britons cavalry, another of the Antrim militia, and some yeomanry cavalry, in all 100. In the first onset, the commander of the Ancient Britons was killed, and the captain and lieutenant of the yeomanry severely wounded ; but after some loss on both sides the insurgents were totally routed.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

29. 1822 peasant clash at Scarteen near Newmarket

    Scarteen · townland · Cork · 1822

    In 1822, about 1000 peasants assembled at Scarteen anticipating the evacuation of Newmarket by the military, but were repulsed by Captain Kippock and Lieutenant Green with 30 soldiers, dispersing the crowd with about 20 killed. The gentry presented plate to each officer as a token of appreciation.

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    NEWMARKET, a market-town, in the parish of Clonfert, union of Kanturk, barony of Duhallow, county of Cork, and province of Mu.nster, 4 miles (\. W.) from Kanturk, and on the road from Cork, by the Bogra mountains, to Abbeyfeale and Listowel ; containing 1899 inhabitants. This place was formerly called Ahatrastie, or " the place of the ford," from its situation near an ancient ford now superseded by a neat bridge at the entrance of the town. Its present name is obviously derived from the establishment of a market at this place, which was granted to the family of Aidworth by James I., on the forfeiture of the estate by the Macauliffes, and confirmed in the reign of Charles II. At Scarteen, a village a little to the north of the town, about 1000 of the peasantry assembled in 1822, anticipating the evacuation of the town by the military, but were repulsed by Captain Kippock and Lieutenant Green, who, leaving 10 men to defend the barracks, marched with 30 to attack the assailants, whom they dispersed with the loss of about 20 that were killed in the conflict. The gentry of the surrounding district, upon this occasion, presented to each of those officers a handsome 390

    piece of plate, as a testimony to their intrepidity'and an acknowledgment of their services.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 205

30. 1831 famine in Moyrus district

    Moyrus · townland · Galway · 1831

    A famine raged in 1831 in the Moyrus district of Galway due to failure of the potato crop, reducing 1,200 families to appalling destitution. Thousands were rescued from death by money and food from the London Relief Committee.

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    MOYRUS, a parish, in the union of Cufden, barony of Ballinahinch or Ballynahinch, county of Galway, and province of Connaught; approaching the town of Clifden in its north-western part, and containing 11,969 inhabitants. A monastery for Carmelite or White friars was founded at Ballinahinch, in 1356 ; and another at Tombeola, for Dominican friars, about the year 1427, by the O'Flahertys, dynasts of lar Connaught : in the beginning of Elizabeth's reign, the latter building was wholly demolished for the materials, which were used in the erection of the castle in the lake of Balhnahinch. In 1831, a famine raged in this district, in consequence of the failure of the potato- crop, and 1200 families were reduced to the most appalling state of destitution, until assistance in money and food from the London Relief Committee was afforded, which rescued thousands from death.

    The parish is situated upon the western coast ; it extends from the Killery harbours, on the south, to the bays of Roundstone and Birterbuy, on the north, across a wild and mountainous district, and comprises 100,5 10|- statute acres. The village of Roiiiidstoiie, on the bay of that name, is situated in lat. 53" 23' 30" (N.), and iu Ion. 9° 51' 30" CVV.). The bay is capable of sheltering the largest ships, the best anchorage being in four or five fathoms of water, on the Innisnee shore, a little above the point of that island : vessels of considerable burthen may go up to the pier, which is dry at low water along' the quay wall, or lie safe off the village. The pier and quay were built by government ; they are

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 184

31. 1840 Municipal Act remodels Limerick corporation

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1840

    The Municipal Act of 3rd and 4th Victoria, cap. 108, entirely remodelled the Limerick corporation in 1840, repealing inconsistent former charters. The new corporation consisted of a council of forty burgesses elected across five wards, with the mayor elected annually by the town council.

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    meetings of the common-council, and also within a specified time after the extraordinary meetings of that body : it was composed of the entire body of freemen, and a certified minute of all proceedings at the meetings of the common-council used to be transmitted by the town-clerk to the common-speaker, who presided over the court, for its approval. The corporation continued to exercise its functions, under the charters already recited, until 1840, when it was entirely remodelled by the Municipal act, 3rd and 4th Victoria, cap. 108.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 79

32. 1845 act grants permanent funding to Maynooth College

    Maynooth · town · Kildare · 1845

    The act of 8th and 9th Victoria, cap. 25, passed June 30th 1845, replaced Maynooth College's system of annual parliamentary votes with a permanent settlement on the consolidated fund, amounting to a maximum of £26,360 per annum. The act also granted £30,000 to the Board for new buildings.

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    The FINANCIAL condition of the college was vastly improved by the recent act of the legislature, 8th and 9th of Victoria, cap. '25, passed June 30th, 1S45. The system of annual votes of money, was exchanged for a permanent settlement on the consolidated fund, which may amount to the maximum sum of £'26,360 per annum. The act regulates the application of this revenue, viz. : £6000 for the salaries, kc, of the president, superiors, and professors ; £5800 for allowances of £40 each to '20 Dunboyne students, and £'20 each to •ibO students of the three senior classes; and £14,560 for the commons, (^cc, of 5'20 students, including those on the Dunboyne establishment. These 520 students, with 40 others for whom burses had been previously founded, will henceforward constitute the total number of students. The act also granted £30,000 to the Board Vol. II.— 313

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 144

33. 836 Battle at Seagoe's Fort of the Dagger

    near Seagoe · parish · Armagh · 836

    In 836, a battle was traditionally fought at Seagoe where Danish chief Blacar defeated O'Nial. The site, adjoining Carrick demesne, is called Lis-tia-grillij or 'the fort of the dagger' and retains faint traces of a circular intrenchment.

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    SEAGOE, or Segoe, a parish, in the union of Lur GAN, barony of O'Neilland East, county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 1 mile {S. N. E.) from Portadown j extending along the river Bann, and intersected by the great roads leading from Armagh to Belfast, and from Portadown to Banbridge ; containing 1 1,094 inhabitants. This place, which is said to have derived its name from Setigli-Gabha, " the smith's scat," was allotted to Nial Gabha, one of the sons of the great O'Nial. It is traditionally said that in 836 a battle was fought here, in which Blacar, a Danish chief, ancestor of the family of Blacker, defeated Ail, or O'Nial, and his sept ; and the place where it occurred, adjoining Carrick demesne, is still pointed out, and bears the name of Listia-grillij, signifying " the fort of the dagger ;" there are faint traces of a circular intrenchment. The parish is bounded on the west by the river Bann, along which it extends for about 4^ miles : it contains three manorial districts, subdivided into 47 townlands, comprising 10,982^ statute acres ; 1236^ are in Lough Neagh, and 49^ in the river. The lands are chiefly arable, though, along the banks of the river, there is an extensive tract of low meadow and pasture ground ; this tract is inundated about Christmas, and the water does not disappear till March, when it leaves behind a light deposit of mud, enriching the soil and producing nutritious, though coarse, herbage. There is very little bog. Agriculture is considerably improved . the crop.s include corn, flax, and potatoes ; and onions are also cultivated to a great extent. The fuel used is turf, cut and saved in the months of July and August; large quantities are conveyed up the Bann from the bogs in Moyntaghs. The trade is principally confined to the sale of the produce of the land, and a considerable quantity of butter, poultry, eggs, &c., which are sent to Portadown, and theuce by railway to the English and Scotch markets ; but there is scarcely a house or family which is not, in one way or other, connected with the linen trade, there being extensive manufacturers throughout the parish. On the townland of Balteagh and Kilvergan is a quarry, the stone of which is highly valuable for lithography, for which it is said to equal the best German stone ; and at Killycomain a superior hard blue stone is found. On the hill of Drumlin, in the southern angle of the parish, are fine pits of gravel particularly adjiptcd for roads and walks.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 273

34. Abandoned new town at Newtown, Rossmere

    Newtown · townland · Waterford

    Within the limits of the parish of Rossmere at Newtown, on the confines of the baronies of Upperthird, Middlethird, and Decies-without-Drum, a new town was designed with streets marked out and paved. Only a few houses were built and these have since mostly gone to ruin.

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    ROSSMERE, RossMiRE, or Rossmore, a parish, partly in the barony of DECiES-without-DRUM, but chiefly in that of Upperthird, union and county of Waterford, and province of Munster ; containing, with the post-town of Kilmacthomas (which is separately described), 2866 inhabitants. It forms a narrow slip of land, separating the portions of the original Upperthird barony ; and comprises 8161 statute acres. Within its limits, at Newtown, on the confines of the three baronies of Upperthird, Middlethird, and Decieswithout-Drum, it was designed to build a new town, of which the streets were marked out and paved ; but only a few houses were built, and these have since mostly gone to ruin. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, and in the patronage of the Duke of Devonshire, in whom the rectory is impropriate : the tithe rentcharge is £375, of which £225 are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The church is a modern structure, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £750 ; and there is a Roman Catholic chapel.

    ROSSMORE, an island, in the parish and barony of BuRRisHOOLE, uuion of Westport, county of Mayo, and province of Connaught; lying in Clew bay, and comprising 77^ statute acres.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 265

35. Abbey and priory at Kilmore, Co. Roscommon

    Kilmore · townland · Roscommon · 1232–1611

    An abbey was traditionally founded at Kilmore by St. Patrick, and a priory was established by Con O'Flanigan in 1232 with an underground walk communicating with the Shannon. The priory was leased in 1580 to Tyrrell O'Farrell and later to Sir Patrick Barnwell, who leased it to Bishop King of Elphin in 1611.

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    The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin, and in the patronage of the Representative of Captain Doherty, who inherited the estate and patronage by his marriage with the youngest daughter of Bishop King : the tithe rent-charge is £150. The glebe-house, built in 1828 by a loan of £360, and a gift of £369, from the Board of First Fruits, is a good residence ; the glebe comprises nine acres of excellent meadow-land, held by the rector. The church, towards the erection of which the Board granted a loan of £923 about the same time, is a neat building in good repair. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; a half parish adjoining still appertains to it, but has ceased to belong to the Protestant rectory : the chapel at Dangan, is of modern erection. A school of about 40 boys and 30 girls is held in a school-house built at the joint expense of Sir G. King and the Rev. Robert King ; and there are five private schools, in which the number of children fluctuates from 100 to upwards of 200. A loan fund has been established, and also a dispensary. The late Mr. Lawder, of this parish, bequeathed £20 per annum, late currency, for clothing six poor men and six poor women ; payment of this bequest was for a long time withheld, but has been lately enforced through the exertions of the rector and the interference of the Board of Charitable Bequests. A small donation was left by the Abb^ O'Beirne, of Versailles, to the Roman Catholic chapel, and for the erection of a school-house, which has not been built. An abbey was founded here, according to some, by St. Patrick ; and a priory by Con O'Flanigan, in 1232, having a walk underground which communicates with the Shannon : the latter was granted on lease, in 1580, to Tyrrell O'Farrell, at a rent of £3. 10., and subsequently to Sir Patrick Barnwell, who leased it to Dr. E. King, Bishop of Elphin, in I6II. Near Ballycommen are the remains of an old church named Tubber- Patrick ; also the remains of a nunnery, and a fine spring called by the old people Patrick's Well, whence the place takes its name. At Kilbride, on the estate of Sir G. King, are the remains of another old church, with traces of a cemetery said to have been formerly the parochial burial-place. There are several chalybeate and sulphureous springs in the parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 47

36. Abbey at Askeaton

    Askeaton · townland · Limerick

    Askeaton Abbey contains notable remains of a religious house. Other nearby abbey ruins include Monaster na Geailleach and Kilshane Abbey in Ballingarry.

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    The VESTIGES of ANTiauiTY are numerous, and of great variety of character. There were two round towers : that at Ardpatrick fell a few years since ; the other, at Carrigreen, is in good preservation. Of the earlier and ruder kind of pagan relics are, the cromlech on Bailenalycaellach hill, and two others near it ; the fortifications on Knocktow ; a large fort at Friarstown ; a large and very perfect moat at Kilfinane, and another at Pallasgreine ; a tumulus at Bruree ; an earthen fort of great height near Croom ; the stone circles at Grange ; a large dun or intrenched mount, with raths and other circular fortifications, at Kilpeacon ; a circular fort divided into segments near Shanid Castle ; and traces of an ancient city in Cahir Park. The number of the religious houses that were founded here is about 35, exclusively of those in the city and its liberties. There are still remains of those of the Trinitarians, Augustinians, and Franciscans, at Adare ; of Monaster na Geailleach ; of Askeaton Abbey ; and of Kilshane Abbey, in the parish of Ballingarry ; also several extensive ruins of the ancient college at Mungret ; of Galbally friary ; of Kilflin monastery ; of Kilmallock Abbey ; of Monaster-Nenagh Abbey ; and of the fine old abbey in the parish of Rochestown : all of which are particularly described in their respective parishes. The county contains upwards of 50 ruins of churches : it is, however, but right to observe, that in many instances new structures have been built in more eligible situations, and every parish has now a church, or is united to a parish in which there is one. So numerous were the castles rendered necessary by the former unsettled state of the country, that they are sometimes found within half a mile of each other; there are still ruins, more or less extensive, of nearly one hundred, which, with the modern seats of the nobility and gentry, are noticed in their respective places.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 74

37. Abbeyfeale as Captain Rock insurgents' rendezvous

    Abbeyfeale · town · Limerick · 1821–1822

    During the Captain Rock insurrection, predatory bands appeared across Limerick under an invisible chief. Abbeyfeale, on the borders of Limerick and Kerry, became their chief place of rendezvous.

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    In 1820 succeeded the distresses occasioned by the stoppage of nearly all the principal banks in Munstcr. The scarcity of provisions caused by the failure of the crops in the following year, reduced the peasantry to the last stage of calamity ; the consequence was, an insurrection more maturely planned and vigorously executed than any that had preceded. In every quarter of the county, predatory bands appeared under the directions of an invisible chief, styled Caitai.v Rock, declaring their determination to reduce high rents, tithes, and taxes, and threatening with destruction all proi)rietors of land who should attempt to disobey their mandates. The outrages of the insurgents increased and extended, in spite of the exertions of the gentry, military, and Roman Cathohc clergy ; Abbeyfeale, on the borders of Limerick and Kerry, became their chief place of rendezvous. The police were augmented; large bodies of regular troops were sent into the county, and quartered generally in the western baronies. Yet still the insurgents kept up a kind of guerilla warfare : parties of them were attacked by surprise, and deprived of their arms, but when dispersed in one quarter they shewed themselves suddenly in another, committing their devastations often in the open day ; the churches of Kilkeedy, Ballybrook, and Athlacca, together with several gentlemen's houses, were burnt by them, and the plundered property publicly and systematically divided among the captors. Several wealthy and influential persons were murdered, amongst whom was a Roman Catholic clergyman, who had rashly attempted to exhort them to submission to the laws j and it was only under the apphcation of the Insurrection act, and

    LIME

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 73

38. Abbeyfeale on the Feale river boundary

    Abbeyfeale · town · Limerick

    The River Feale flows by Abbeyfeale and forms the south-western boundary of County Limerick for some distance. This river was one of the county's principal natural boundaries.

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    The manufactures and commerce, except an inconsiderable supply of coarse frieze, coarse linen, and flannel for domestic use, and a manufacture of linen and cotton checks at Glin, centre in the city of Limerick, under the head of which they are described. There are bleach-greens, principally for home sale, at Newcastle, Castle-Connell, and Lingland ; and paper-mills at Ballygooley, Anacotty, and Rossbryn, the two latter in the ancient liberties of the city ; also very extensive flour-mills at Askeaton, Cahirass, Rathkeale, Croom, Corbally, Kilmallock, and Sunville, whence great quantities of flour are shipped for London, Liverpool, and the Clyde. The exports are butter, grain, flour, and salted provisions ; the whole of which are either shipped at Limerick, or sent to Dublin by the canal, but the great outlet is by the Shannon. This noble river, of which some account is given under the head of the county of Cavan, forms the northern boundary of the county. Below the pool of Limerick it expands into a wide estuary, and after a course of about 1/ miles, mingles its waters with those of the Fergus, forming an arm of the sea several miles wide, interspersed with islands of very various character, and discharging itself into the Atlantic between Loop Head and Kerry Head, about 60 miles from Limerick. All the rivers of the interior are branches of the Shannon ; they are the Maig or Mague, the Commogue, the Daun or Morning Star, the Deel, and the ' Mulcairne. The Deel is navigable to Askeaton, and the Maig to the parish of Adare. On the south-west the county is bounded for some distance by the Feale river, flowing by Abbeyfeale ; and on the south-east for about three miles by the Funchcon. Except the short canal above Limerick, made in 17.59, to facilitate the navigation of the Shannon, there is no artificial navigation within the county.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 74

39. Abbey of Achadfinglass founded by St. Fintan

    Leighlinbridge · town · Carlow · 500–864

    In the neighbourhood of the town stood the abbey of Achadfinglass, founded by St. Fintan who died in the 6th century. The abbey was plundered by the Danes in 864, and no remains survive—even the precise site is unknown.

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    equal parts, and contains 375 houses. In the excise arrangements the town is within the district of Kilkenny. The market is on Monday and Saturday, and is amply su])plied with corn and butter ; fairs are held on Easter- Monday, May 14th, Sept. 25th, and Dec. 27th. There is a constabulary police station. The parish church of Wells, and a Roman Catholic chapel, are in that portion of the town which lies on the Wells side of the river ; and there is also a national school. About a mile distant is a celebrated spa, much resorted to. At the foot of the bridge, and on the eastern bank of the river, are the ruins of Black Castle, consisting of an oblong tower about 50 feet high, completely capped with ivy ; one of the floors resting on an arch is still remaining, and there is a flight of steps leading to the summit. The tower appears to have formed the north-western angle of a quadrangular inclosure, 315 feet in length and 234 feet wide, surrounded by a wall seven feet thick, with a fosse on the outside; part of the wall is standing on the west side, and at the south-eastern angle of the inclosure are the ruins of a round tower, the walls of which are ten feet in thickness. At the south end of the west wall of the quadrangle was the monastery, of which an old building with loop-hole windows, and a stone doorway, are supposed to be the only remaining portion ; adjoining, and within the inclosure, was a cemetery, now converted into a garden. In the neighbourhood of the town was the abbey of Achadfinglass, founded by St. Fintan, who died in the 6th century ; it was plundered by the Danes in 864, and there are no remains, even the precise site being unknown.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 68

40. Abbey of Biorra at Birr founded by St. Brendan Luaigneus

    Birr or Parsonstown · town · Offaly

    Parsonstown, or Birr, derived its name from the abbey of Biorra, founded by St. Brendan Luaigneus, or from 'Bior,' the Irish term for a river bank. The place formed part of the ancient district of Ely O'Carrol in Ormond, Munster.

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    PARSONSTOWN, or Birr, a market and post-town, a parish, and the head of a union, in the barony of Bal- LYBRiTT, King's county, and province of Leinster, 18 miles (S. W.) from Tullamore, and 60 (W. S. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Tullamore to Roscrea ; containing 9567 inhabitants, of whom 6336 are in the town. The place derived its name of Birr from the abbey of Biorra, founded here by St. Brendan Luaigneus ; or from Bior, the Irish term for the bank or margin of a river. It constituted part of the ancient district of Ely O'Carrol in Ormond, in Munster ; and did not form any portion of the King's county as at first erected into shire ground in the reign of Philip and Mary, being annexed to it under an inquisition of the 2nd of James I. The castle of Birr was considered to be the chief seat of the O Carrols, chieftains of the sept. A great battle was fought in the vicinity, in 241, between Cormac, son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, and the people of Munster : the place suffered much from the ravages of the Danes in 841 and 842 ,•« and in 1154, O'Hedersgool, King of Cathluighe, was killed at the church-door.

    Soon after the English invasion, Henry II. granted this district to Philip de Worcester and Theobald Fitzwalter, subsequently to which he sold it to De Braosa and others : it was afterwards transferred to Hugh de Hose or Hussey, in which family it continued till the time of James I. In 1533, Gerald, Earl of Kildare, then lorddeputy, laid siege to the castle, in support of Ferganainim O'Carrol, his son-in-law ; but soon raised the siege, in consequence of a wound received from one of the garrison. Lord Grey, when lord-deputy, took the castle in 1537; and one of the charges against him, which led to his execution, was, that he had sanctioned the outrages committed by Fcrganainim O'Carrol. This chieftain eventually surrendered his territory to Edward VI., who restored it to him with the addition of the dignity of Baron of Ely during life. In the proceedings under the commission for the plantation of Ely O'Carrol, in

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 228

41. Abbey of Canons Regular at Kinsale, St. Gobban abbot

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 600–699

    An abbey of Canons Regular formerly existed at Kinsale, said by Colgan to have had St. Gobban, a disciple of St. Ailbe, as abbot in the 7th century. No remains of the abbey survive.

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    There were formerly an abbey of Canons Regular, of which Colgan says St. Gobban, disciple of St. Ailbe, was abbot in the 7th century ; and an abbey of Carmelite friars, founded, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, by Robert Fitz-Richard Balrain, in 1334 ; but there are no remains of either. On the promontory on the opposite side of the river, are extensive remains of the old fortress of Castle-ni-Park ; it was of hexagonal form, with bastions at the angles : the towers, intrenchments, and fosse are nearly entire. Of the town walls, which were destroyed in 1690, three of the gates were remaining till near the close of the last century ; Nicholas-gate was removed in 1794, Friars-gate in 1796, and Cork-gate in 1S05 : a small portion of the last may still be seen, on the north side of Cork-street ; and in Newman-place may be traced the only portion of the walls now remaining. Near the village of Scilly, and near Charles Fort, are valuable chalybeate springs, formerly much resorted to, and still generally regarded as an excellent tonic. This town gives the very ancient title of Baron Kingsale to the family of De Courcy, originally created in 1181. His lordship is premier baron of Ireland ; he has the privilege (granted by King John to De Courcy, Earl of Ulster,) of wearing his hat in the royal presence, which was asserted by the late John, Baron Kingsale, at Dublin Castle, before his late Majesty George IV., on his visit to Ireland in August, 18'21. He has also the privilege of having a cover laid for him at the royal table at coronations, and on all other state occasions.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 59

42. Abbey of Clones — sole monastic remains in county

    Clones · town · Monaghan

    The abbey of Clones is the only monastic building in the county of which any remains exist. No county in Ireland has so few vestiges of monastic buildings.

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    third of very considerable dimensions, but now almost concealed by plantations, may be seen at Fort Singleton, near Eniyvale. Near Carrickmacross are the ruins of a Druidical temple, consisting of an oblong mound of earth inclosed by a circuit of large upright stones. Wicker hurdles of very curious workmanship have been found iu the bogs, in a high state of preservation ; they appear to have been carried thither by parties on a marauding expedition, for the purpose of crossing the bog, and, having been left behind in the hurry of advance or retreat, were gradually imbedded. A curious relic is preserved at Knockbuy, near the town of Monaghan ; it is called the " Balaghdthownagh," and consists of a bo,\, about the size of a thick folio volume, containing a crucifix and some relics. It is kept with the greatest veneration as a kind of heir-loom in the Bradley family, and is used as an attestation of innocence for imputed crimes which do not admit of the usual kind of evidence ; when let out on an occasion of this kind, valuable security is always required for its restoration. No county in Ireland has so few vestiges of monastic buildings. The abbey of Clones is the only one of which any remains exist : that of Monaghan is utterly destroyed, a castle having been erected on its site ; the wealthy abbey of Tyhallon is known only by name. The castle of Monaghan is noticed by Sir John Davies, in his account of the lord-deputy's tour through the county, as being then in a state of ruinous neglect. The ruins of the old mansion-house of Castle-Blayney are still standing, but are so close to the modern building as to injure the appearance of both : there are also the ruins of an old building in the same demesne, bearing, however, no resemblance to a religious structure ; the walls are very massive, but the ruins are so overgrown with trees as to render inspection very difficult. At Vicar's Dale, in Donaghmoyne, are the ruins of a castle ; and near Dawson Lodge, those of another, called Maghernacligh.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 162

43. Abbey of Kilbarrack ruins for shipwrecked mariners

    Kilbarrack · parish · Dublin

    On the road to Howth stand the ruins of the chapel of Mone, commonly called the Abbey of Kilbarrack, which formerly belonged to St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin. It is said to be of great antiquity and to have been built on the strand near the North Bull for the assistance of shipwrecked mariners; the ancient cemetery is still occasionally used.

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    KILBARRACK, a parish, in the union of North Dublin, barony of Coolock, county of Dublin, and province of Leinster, 5^ miles (N. E.) from Dublin, on the road to Howth ; containing 199 inhabitants. It comprises 740 statute acres, and the Grand Northern Trunk railway from the metropolis to Drogheda passes through the parish. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the ecclesiastical union of Howth ; the rectory is appropriate to the prebend of Howth in St. Patrick's cathedral, Dublin, and the tithes are included in the return for that parish. In the Roman Catholic divisions Kilbarrack forms part of the district of Baldoyle and Howth. On the road to Howth are the ruins of the chapel of Mone, commonly called the Abbey of Kilbarrack, which formerly belonged to St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin : it is said to be of great antiquity, and to have been built on the strand near the great sandbank called the North Bull, fur the assistance of shipwrecked mariners ; the ancient cemetery, although unfenced and overgrown with weeds, is still occasionally used.

    KILBARRON, a parish, in the union of Ballyshannon, barony of Tyrhugh, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, on the road from Donegal to Enniskillen ; containing, with the greater part of the sea-port, market, and post town of Ballyshannon, 10, 02* inhabitants. St. Columb founded a church here, of which Barrind was bishop about 590. The parish comprises '23,93'2| statute acres, of which 915^: are water: half of the soil is arable ; the remainder is meadow, pasture, and mountain laud, and there is a sufficient extent of bog. In addition to the usual crops, great quantities of carrots and onions are raised in the open fields. The Abbey river, which flows into Abbey bay. Vol. 11.-17

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 13

44. Abbey of Kilmhodain and St. Modan at Moydow

    Moydow · parish · Longford · 591

    The parish of Moydow is supposed to have been the site of the abbey of Kilmhodain, of which St. Modan or Moduid 'the Simple,' bishop of Carnfurbuidhe, was abbot in 591.

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    MOYDOW, a parish, in the barony of Moydow, union and county of Longford, and province of Lein- STER, 3^ miles (S.) from Longford, on the road to Athlone ; containing 1919 inhabitants. Here is supposed to have been the abbey of Kilmhodain, of which St. Modan or Moduid " the Simple," who was bishop of Carnfurbuidhe, was abbot in 591. The parish comprises 46 26 statute acres, of which about 203 are bog ; the land is in general good, and the state of agriculture improving. A peculiar kind of stone, called puddingstone, is found on the isolated mountain of Slieve-Galrj% on the southern confines of the parish ; and there is a quarry of freestone, which is worked for flags. Road sessions are occasionally held here for the district ; and there is a station of the constabulary police. The seats are. Mount Jessop, pleasantly situated on a small river which flows through the demesne, and which, having been widened, adds much to the beauty of the scenery ; Townend ; Castleray ; and Bawn House.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 179

45. Abbey of Manister-na-Gillagh-Dubh and Dysart Castle ruins, Limerick

    Robertstown · townland · Limerick

    In the parish of Robertstown (Castle-Robert), County Limerick, near the village stand the ruins of the church. About one mile distant are the remains of the abbey of Manister-na-Gillagh-Dubh, locally called the 'Old abbey,' near which are some ancient fortifications. On the lands of Ahenish are the ruins of Dysart Castle.

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    the chapel is a large and neat modern edifice. The ruins of the church are near the village ; about one mile distant are the interesting remains of the abbey of Manister-na-Gillagh-Dubh, here called the "Old abbey," near which are some ancient fortifications ; and on the lands of Ahenish are the ruins of Dysart Castle.

    ROBERTSTOWN, a parish, in'the union of Kells, barony of Lower Kells, county of Me.\th, and province of Leinster, 1^ miles (S. W.) from Nobber, on the road to Kells ; containing about 335 inhabitants. This parish comprises about 1640 statute acres; the land is of good quahty and chiefly in pasture. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Newtown : the tithe rent-charge is £57. 7. 6. In the Roman Catholic divisions the pari.sh is part of the district of Stahalmock.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 258

46. Abbey of Maure (De Fonte Vivo) at Carrigiliky, Myross

    Myross · townland · Cork · 1172

    The abbey of Maure, or of the Clear Spring (De Fonte Vivo), was founded in 1172 by Dermond M'Cormac M'Carthy, King of Desmond, for Cistercian monks. The foundations of the buildings and the burial-ground can still be traced at Carrigiliky in the parish of Myross.

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    MYROSS, a parish, in the union of Skibbereen, Eastern division of the barony of West Carbery, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 6 miles (S. \V. by W.) from Ross ; containing, with the village of Union-Hall, 3741 inhabitants. Here was formerly the abbey of Maure, or of the Clear Spring {De Fonte I'ivo), founded in 1 172 by Dermond M'Cormac M<^Carthy, King of Desmond, for Cistercian monks ; the foundations of the buildings, and the burial-ground, may be traced at Carrigiliky. The parish forms an obtuse peninsula between Castlehaven and the harbour of Glandore, having the main ocean to the south ; it comprises 4119 statute acres. The surface is very uneven, but the land in general is fertile, producing excellent crops of corn, flax, and potatoes ; the more elevated parts afford pasturage for cattle ; there is very little waste or bog. Near the centre of the parish are some interesting lakes. Agriculture is much improving, particularly near Brade and Myross Wood, the rector having introduced the most improved implements. The soil is generally shallow, resting upon a substratum of schist, in some places rising into hills of considerable elevation. Considerable efforts are now being made to work the slate more efficiently : many of the inhabitants are engaged in the fishery. A fair for cattle is held on Holy Thursday. The demesne of Myross Wood is very large, extending

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 191

47. Abbey remains at Knocktopher

    Knocktopher · parish · Kilkenny

    Remains of the ancient abbey at Knocktopher consist of two arches of one of the aisles, together with the tower of the church, which is square in the lower part and octangular in the upper. Adjoining the village is the seat of the Rev. Sir H. R. Langrishe, part of which was the old abbey.

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    Burncliurch, Jorpoint, and Kells ; and containing five chapels, of which the chapel of Knocktopher is a neat edifice lately built by a Carmelite friar, which, with his house adjoining it, cost about £'3000 : a Cannehte friary is about to be established here. There is an allotment of r2 acres of land, given, by an Inclosure act for the commons of Knocktopher, to found a parochial school ; but the appropriation has been neglected, and the ground taken possession of by the peasantry. A dispensary has been established. There are some remains of the ancient abbey, consisting of two arches of one of the aisles, together with the tower of the church, which in the lower part is square, and in the upper octangular. No remains exist of the castle, but the mount and fosse are still entire.

    KYLE, or Clonfertmulloe, a parish, in the union of RoscREA, barony of Clandonagh, Queen's county, and province of Leinster, if mile (N. W.) from Burros-iu-Ossory, on the road to Roscrea ; containing 1888 inhabitants. It comprises 71-16 statute acres. Agriculture is improving ; there is little bog, but a considerable quantity of mountain laud. Charleville, a seat, the property of the White family, is situated in a handsome demesne. The parish is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, forming part of the union of Roscrea; the tithe rent-charge is £84. 16. 8. In the Roman Catholic divisions Kyle is part of the district of Roscrea, and contains a chapel. There is a public school of '20 children, to which Sir C. Coote, Bart., and the Rev. W. Roe contribute. Here are the remains of an encampment ; of the church ; and of Ballaghmore and Cloneurse Castles.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 62

48. Abbey remains at Moor, Kilkeevan parish

    Moor · townland · Roscommon

    In the parish of Kilkeevan, County Roscommon, there were remains of an abbey at Moor. The parish also contained remains of a church at Kilkeevan with a cemetery that served as the burial-place of the O'Conor Don family.

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    KILKEEVAN, a parish, in the union and barony of C.\STLEREA, county of Rosco.MMON, and province of CoNNAUGHT; Containing, with the post-town of Castlerea, 10,922 inhabitants. It comprises 27,00/5 statute acres. Some of the land is of good quality, and there are large grazing-farms : the parish includes a great quantity of bog, much of which is easily reclaimable ; and very good limestone. The principal seats are, Clonallis, the residence of the O'Conor Don ; Arm Lodge ; Dalefield ; Southpark ; and Harristown. Kilkeevan is a vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin, forming part of the union and corps of the prebend of Ballintobber in the cathedral of Elphin ; the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Essex. The tithe rent-charge is £337. 10., of which £150 are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The church, at Castlerea, is a neat edifice built in 1818, for which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £2500, and has been repaired by a grant of £200 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £100 and a loan of £850 from the late Board, in 1821 : the glebe comprises 14a. 3r. 30/)., subject to a rent of £2. 6. li. per acre. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensiie with that of the Established Church, and has a large chapel at Castlerea. There are some remains of an abbey at Moor ; also of a church at Kilkcevan, with a cemetery attached, 66

    which is the burial-place of the O'Conor Don family. — See Castlerea.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 30

49. Abbey remains at Tulsk with double-arched doorway

    Tulsk · townland · Roscommon

    Remains of the ancient abbey at Tulsk survive in a large cemetery still in use. The chief feature is a double-arched doorway divided by a round pillar of elegant design, in good preservation.

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    TULLYVIN.— See Killersherdiny. TULSK, a post-town or village (formerly an incorporated market-town and parliamentary borough), in the parish of Ogulla, union, barony, and county of Roscommon, province of Connaught, 8 miles (N.) from Roscommon, and 79|- (W. N. \V.) from Dublin ; containing 133 inhabitants. O'Conor Roe erected a castle here in 1406 ; and during the same century a Dominican monastery was founded, either by Mac Duil or O'Dowel, or by Phelim, son of Phelim Cleary O'Conor, who was interred here in 1448. The castle was for along time one of the strongest in the province, and was garrisoned by the Earl of Kildare when he led his forces into this province in 1499. The monastery existed till the reign of Elizabeth ; but for some time prior to the Dissolution its possessions had been usurped by the corporation of Galway. A Dominican abbey was founded at Toemonia, near the town, by O'Conor Roe, and in the reign of Elizabeth was in the occupation of Franciscans of the third order, on whose suppression it was granted by the Queen to Richard Kyndelinshe. The inhabitants were incorporated by Charles II., in the fourteenth year of his reign, by the designation of the " Portreeve, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Tulsk :" the charter also conferred the elective franchise, with power to hold a court of record and a weekly market. Under this charter the corporation consisted of a portreeve, 15 free burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by two serjeants-at-mace and other officers appointed in the usual manner. The portreeve and free burgesses continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The court of record, which had jurisdiction to the amount of £5, has been long discontinued ; the corporation has become extinct, and the town has dwindled into an insignificant village consisting only of a few straggling cottages and one shop. Fairs are held on Easter-Monday and the first Monday in November (O. S.). In the village is a receiving-house for letters in connexion with Strokestown ; a constabulary police force is stationed in it ; and petty-sessions are held weekly. There are some remains of the ancient abbey, situated in a large cemetery which is still used ; the chief feature is a double-arched doorway divided in the centre by a round pillar of elegant design and in good preservation. The surrounding district is extremely rich, and afifords luxuriant pasturage. 613

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 360

50. Abbey River area resembling Rouen in Flemish style

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    The part of Limerick city along the Abbey River features houses chiefly built in the Flemish fashion and is said to resemble Rouen in Normandy. Since the erection of the New Town it has been deserted by wealthier inhabitants and exhibits a neglected appearance.

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    is called the Abbey river. This part of the city, the houses of which are chiefly built in the Flemish fashion, is said to resemble Rouen, in Normandy : but, since the erection of the New Town, it has been deserted by the more wealthy inhabitants, and exhibits a dirty and neglected appearance. The Irish Town is also very ancient, being allotted to the native inhabitants so early as the reign of King John ; here the streets are wider, and the houses more modern. Both these parts were strongly fortified. The suburb called Thomond-gate, situated on the county of Clare side of the river, at the end of Thomond-bridge, was formerly the only entrance to the ancient city, and was protected by a strong castle i it is now of considerable extent : close to the foot of the bridge is the stone on which the treaty of Limerick was signed. Newtown-Pm/, built wholly within the last 60 years, on elevated ground parallel with the course of the river, below the union of its two branches, on a site formerly called the South Prior's Land, which became the property of the Pery family about 17*0, is one of the handsomest modern towns in Ireland : a very fine square was lately erected in it. There are six bridges. The late Thomond Bridge, leading from King John's Castle in the English Town to Thomond-gate, on the county of Clare side, was the most ancient : it was built in 1210, and subsequently widened, and consisted of 14 unequal arches, which were originally turned on wicker work, the marks of which were even recently apparent in the cement ; its roadway was perfectly level. The structure was taken down, and replaced by a new bridge the foundation stone of which was laid in 1836, and the whole opened in 1S43, at an expense of £1 1,000, whereof £9000 were obtained by loan from the Board of Works. IVdleslerj-Bridge, erected in 18'27, and consisting of five large and elegant elliptic arches, crosses the Shannon from the New Town to the northern, or county of Clare, shore. Its roadway is level, and its parapet formed of a massive open balustrade ; on the city side is a swing-bridge over a lock through which vessels pass to the upper basin and quays. The late bridge called the New Bridge, crossing the Abbey river, and connecting the New Town with the English Town, was built in 1761, but was so steep and inconvenient that it was recently resolved to remove it ; and the light and hand.«ome structure of three arches which now replaces it was commenced in 1845, and opened on the 26th of February, 1846 : of the cost, £1800, the grand juries of the county and city gave f.'iOO, and the corporation the remainder. Baal's- Bridge, higher up on the same branch of the river, is a beautiful structure of a single arch, built in 1831 to replace an ancient bridge of the same name, which consisted of four arches with a range of houses on one of its sides. On the same branch of the Shannon is Park-Bridge, an old lofty structure of five irregular arches. Athlunkard- Bridge, consisting of five large elliptic arches, crosses the Shannon about a mile from the city ; it was erected in 1830 by means of a loan of £9000 from the Board of Works, £6000 from the consolidated fund, and a grant of £1000 from the grand jury of the county of Clare ; it forms a communication between Limerick and Killaloe.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 77

51. Abbey ruins, raths, and cromlechs near Muckamore

    Muckamore · townland · Antrim

    Near the Six-mile-water close to Muckamore, ruins of an abbey survive, within which two silver candlesticks and other relics were reportedly discovered. The liberty also contains several raths and forts, two of which are very extensive and in perfect condition, plus remains of cromlechs.

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    The whole of the grange, which is extra-parochial, is in the highest state of cultivation, and is drained, fenced, planted, and stocked, upon the English system. Muckamore House, Greenmount, The Lodge, and New Lodge, are handsome mansions delightfully situated in grounds tastefully and elegantly laid out. Close to the ruins-of the abbey, and on the Six-mile-water, is a very extensive bleach-green, at which more than 80,000 pieces of linen are annually finished for the London market ; on the same river are another bleach-green on a smaller scale, an extensive paper-manufactory, and one of the most complete flour mills in the county, in which ^SOO tons of grain are annually ground. These works afford employment to the labouring population of the liberty, and also to many from the town of Antrim. The fair granted by Henry VI. is held in the village of Oldstone, on the l'2th of June, and is the largest horse-fair in the province. The members of the Established Church attend divine service in the church of Antrim. Within the liberty are several raths and forts, two of the first of which are very extensive and in a perfect state ; there are also remains of cromlechs. Among the ruins of the abbey, two silver candlesticks and other valuable relies are said to have been discovered some years since.

    MUCKINISH, an island, in the parish and barony of BvRRisnooLE, union of Westport, county of May j, and province of Connaught. It lies in Newport bay, and comprises '26 statute acres.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 185

52. Abbeyshrule, a monastery of the Canons Regular

    Abbeyshrule · townland · Longford

    Abbeyshrule was a monastic institution belonging to the Canons Regular. Ruins of the abbey still remain, reflecting the numerous and well-endowed monastic foundations of the area.

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    The REMAINS of remote .\NTiauiTY are very few in number. A large rath, usually called the Moat of Granard, stands at one end of the main street of that town ; another, called Lisardowlin, situated near the road from Longford to Edgeworthstown, is by the people of this country generally believed to be the centre of Ireland. Monastic institutions were numerous, and for the most part held in great veneration, and well endowed. Abbeyshrule belonged to the Canons Regular ; Ardagh, to the Franciscans ; and Lerha or Laragh, to the Cistercians : the wealthy abbey of Longford was founded by the O'Farrels ; there were also abbeys or priories at Moydow, Clone, Clonebrone, Dcrg, Druimchei, and Killinmore, besides those on the islands of Innismorey, Innisbofin, Inniscloran, and All Saints. Ruins of all the above still remain ; but of the priories at Ballynasaggard, Kilglass, and St. Johnstown, no vestiges of the

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 107

53. Abbey site church and St. Mary's church near Walsh's Castle, Saul parish

    Saul · townland · Down · 1770

    The parish church of Saul, erected about 1770, occupies part of the site of an ancient abbey. Near Walsh'stown Castle stood the church of St. Mary, likely used by the garrison; coins of Henry I and II, Robert Bruce, and Richard III were discovered when the churchyard was levelled.

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    The living was formerly a perpetual cure, and part of the deanery of Dosvu, from which, by order of council in 1834, under the Church Temporalities' act, it was separated, and constituted a distinct rectory, in the diocese of Down and patronage of the Crown : the tithe rent-charge is f'JSQ. 14. 6. The glebe comprises 6a. 20p. valued at £30. r2. per annum ; the glebe-house was built by aid of £450 and a loan of £50, in 1816, from the late Board of First Fruits. By the order in council, the three detached townlands and the tithes of White Hill, Ballyuarry, and Ballynagarrick, were disunited from this parish, and annexed to the adjoining parish of Ballyculter ; and the clerical duties of those townlands were anne.xed to the parish of Kilclief, to which were also annexed the townland and tithes of Ballywoodan, separated from the parish of Saul. In lieu of such severance, the townland and tithes of Ballystokes severed from Bailee parish, and those of Raholp and Ballintleave from Ballyculter parish, were annexed to Saul ; the clerical duties of the two last-named townlands remaining annexed to Ballyculter. The church, erected about 1770, is a large plain building, with a small spire, occupying part of the site of the abbey ; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £375 for its repair. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church. Mrs. Conway bequeathed a rent-charge of £3. 7. 6. per annum to the poor of this parish ; and Judge Ward gave a rent-charge of I6i-. per annum for ever out of the Castle Ward estate. Near Walsh'stown Castle stood the church of St. IMary, by some supposed to have been parochial, but which it seems most probable was for the use of the garrison ; on levelling the churchyard a few years since, coins of the reigns of Henry I. and II., Robert Bruce, and Richard III., were discovered!

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 271

54. Abbeystrewry church at Bridgetown, Skibbereen

    Skibbereen · town · Cork · 1827

    The parochial church of Abbeystrewry is situated in Bridgetown, a large edifice in the early English style with a tower at the east end, erected in 1827 at an expense of about £1500, towards which £900 were contributed by the late Board of First Fruits.

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    The parochial church of Abbeystrewry is situated in Bridgetown ; it is a large edifice in the early English style, with a tower at the east end, erected in 182", at an expense of fl^OO, towards which £900 were contributed by the late Board of First Fruits. The Roman Catholic chapel, situated near -the sessions-house, is a spacious and handsome edifice in the Grecian style, erected in 1826, at an expense of £3000; the interior is fitted up with great taste, and the altar, which is ornamented with a painting of the Crucifixion, is very chaste : the structure was built under the direction of the late Dr. Collins, Roman Catholic Bishop of Ross, who resided here ; and is the principal chapel of the union to which Skibbereen gives name. There are also two Wesleyan Methodist chapels. Near the Roman Catholic chapel are large school-houses, built by Dr. Collins, and now supported by the National Board. A dispensary is maintained in the customary manner. There are numerous handsome houses near the town. The union workhouse, on a site of six acres held at a rent of £9, was completed in 1841, at a cost of £7083, and is constructed for 800 inmates.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 284

55. Abbey traditionally founded at Kilmore in 540

    Kilmore · townland · Tipperary · 540

    An abbey, of which no vestiges remain, is said to have been founded at Kilmore in the year 540. The tradition is recorded though no physical evidence survives.

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    KILMORE, a parish, in the union of Nenagh, barony of Uppkr Okmond, county of Tipperaky, and province of Munster, 4 miles (S.) from Nenagh, on the new road toTipperary ; containing 5138 inhabitants. It comprises 13,535 statute acres, including a considerable quantity of mountain and bog ; agriculture is much improved. The mines in this parish are described in the article on Silvermines. Kilboy, the splendid seat of Lord Dunalley, is situated in a well-planted demesne of more than 600 Irish acres, which contains a fine sheet of water and a deer-park and is backed by a range of mountains : the mansion was erected about 60 years since. The other principal seats are Lissen Hall, and the glebe-house, the residence of the Very Rev. Gilbert Holmes, Dean of Ardfert. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, episcopally united, in ISOl, to the rectories and vicarages of Kilnaneave and Lisbunny, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is appropriate to the precentorship of the cathedral of Killaloe, and to the bishop's mensal. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £'24^. 6., of which £15'2. 6. are payable to the lessee of the bishop, £13. 17. to the precentor, and the remainder to the incumbent: the entire tithe of the incumbent's benefice is £681. 18. 6. The glebe-house was built in IS 10, by a gift of £400 and a loan of £400 from the Board of First Fruits, in 181'2 : there is a glebe of 16(1. 2r. 32p. The church, at Silvermines, is a very neat edifice, for the erection of which the Board lent £900, in IS09. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district called Silvermines, comprising also the parish of Ballynaclough, and containing a chapel at Silvermines and another in Ballynaclough. A poor's fund was till lately supported by Lord and Lady Dunalley and the incumbent. There are some remains of the old castles of Ballycahill and Tullahedy ; also of the ancient castle of Dunalley, which gives the title of Baron to the Prittie family. This castle was besieged by the disbanded soldiery of James II., who, after investing it for twenty-one days, effected an entrance by treachery : an interesting account of this siege, written by Mr. Prittie, the then proprietor, who leaped off the castle unhurt, is preserved among the family papers. Here are also the ruins of the old church, with a burialground attached, which is the place of sepulture of the Prittie family. An abbey, of which there are no vestiges, is said to have been founded at Kilmore in 540.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 48

56. Abbot of Tristernagh attainted; Delvin burnt (1468)

    Tristernagh · townland · Westmeath · 1468

    In 1468, Delamare, abbot of Tristernagh, was attainted by act of parliament for uniting with Irish enemies and English rebels in an insurrection in which the town of Delvin was burnt.

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    tempts to recover their former position, in one of which, in \:i'l9, Mac Geoghec;aii, chieftain of Moycashel, defeated an English force under Lord Thomas le Botiller, who was killed in the action. Two years after, the Irish were defeated in a battle near Finae by Sir Anthony Lucy, lord justice. Mortimer, Earl of March, who married Philippa, daughter and heiress of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, third son of Edward III., finding it necessary to conceal himself during the troubles that followed the deposition of Richard II., chose this county as his place of refuge, where he remained a long time in concealment. In 1468, Delamare, abbot of Tristernagh, was attainted by act of parliament for uniting with the Irish enemies and English rebels in an insurrection in which the town of Delvin was burnt. By an act of the 34th of Henry VIII., the ancient palatinate of Meath was divided, the eastern portion retaining its former name, and the western being distinguished by the appellation which it still retains. Longford was a portion of the latter division, until it was formed into a distinct county by Elizabeth.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 390

57. Abbot's residence and White Knight at Kilmallock

    Kilmallock · town · Limerick · 1604

    Close to the river are ruins of the abbot's private residence, which after the Reformation served as the residence of several sovereigns of the borough. It was inhabited by the White Knight in 1604.

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    ings, on the north, are still tolerably entire. Close to the bank of the river are also the ruins of the abbot's private residence, which after the Reformation was the residence of several of the sovereigns of the borough, and was inhabited by the White Knight in 1604. About half a mil6 to the north of the town are some ruins of ecclesiastical buildings ; and the site of an ancient hospital for lepers is still called the Spital field. There are several traces of military encampments around the town ; and great numbers of human bones have been discovered in the grounds of Mount-Coote, which have been collected and interred near the spot where they were found, under a monument erected by the proprietor of the demesne. Kilmallock formerly gave the title of Viscount to a branch of the Sarsfield family, by whom it was forfeited in consequence of their adherence to James II.

    KILMALOG, Kilmallock, or Kilmalogue, a parish, in the union of Enniscorthy, barony of Bal- LAGHKEEN, county of Wexford, province of Leinster, r> miles (S. S. E.) from Enniscorthy, on the road to We.^- ford; containing 1408 inhabitants. It comprises 4093f statute acres, which are chiefly under cultivation, with the exception of part of a bog called Itty : blue and white marl are abundant, and building-stone is found at Garryvarren. The principal seats are Ballinkeel, Kilmallock, and Willmount. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ferns, forming part of the union of Castle- Ellis or Kilmalog ; the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Portsmouth, and the tithe rent-charge is £151. 19., of which £90. 11.6. are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the liberty of Crossabeg, and has a new chapel at Ballymurn. Some remains of the church exist in a large burial-ground, which is still much used for interment.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

58. Abolition of customs charges in Derry, 1826

    Derry · townland · Derry · 1826

    Custom was charged on every article of merchandise brought into Londonderry prior to 1826, when it was abolished except for goods conveyed over the bridge. The corporation substituted trespass, cranage, storage, and other dues in its place.

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    under sheds ; on the opposite side of tlie street is the seahng-room. The butter-market, in Waterloo-place, for butter and hides daily, and to which three weighhouses are attached ; the fish-market, off Linen-hallstreet, daily ; the potato-market, in Society-street, for potatoes and meal by retail daily, with a weigh-house attached ; and the vegetable market, off Linen-hall-street, for vegetables, poultry, and butter daily ; were all built in 1825, by the corporation, to whom the tolls of the butter and potato markets belong. The cow-market, for the sale of cows, pigs, sheep, and goats, every Wednesday, is held in a field to the south of Bishop-street, near the river, which was inclosed in 183'2 by the corporation. There are also a flax-market in Bishop-street every Thursday, and a market for yarn in Butchers'- street every Wednesday. Six fairs are held annually, but only three are of importance, namely, those on June 17th, Sept. 4th, and Oct. 17th ; the others are on March 4th, April 30th, and Sept. '20th. Custom was charged ou every article of merchandise brought into the city prior to 18'26, when it was abolished, except as regards goods conveyed over the bridge ; and in lieu thereof, the corporation instituted trespass, cranage, storage, and other dues. The post-office was established in 1784. The revenue police force usually consists of a lieutenant and twelve men ; and the constabulary, of a chief constable and twelve men. In 1845 an act was passed " for making a Railwui/ from Loiidoiiderri/ to Coleraiiie, with a branch to Newtown-Limavady :" this remarkable undertaking consists of a main line of 3'2i miles, between Londonderry (where it is to join the line from Enniskillen) and Coleraine, and a branch of nearly 6f miles to Newtown-Limavady. The grand peculiarity is, that about 19 miles of the railway and branch will run upon embankments across Lough Foyle, by which it is proposed to reclaim 18,000 acres of land from the sea ; in the remaining portion, the engineers propose to abandon part of the parliamentary plan, for the sake of obtaining a shorter and better line. The total length is 39 British miles, and the capital £500,000, with power to raise £166,000 additional by loan.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 103

59. Abrupt rocks at Kilcoole and Cronroe

    Kilcoole · town · Wicklow

    The abrupt rocks of vast size at Kilcoole and Cronroe are noted as worthy of especial notice among Wicklow's natural features.

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    court ; Glenmalur, with its waterfalls, in the parish of Rathdrum ; Lough Dan, near Roundwood ; and Hermitage and Altadore, near Newtown-Mount-Kennedy. The abrupt rocks of vast size at Kilcoole and Cronroe are worthy of especial notice. Wicklow gives the titles of Viscount and Earl to the family of Howard.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 406

60. Achill Island quartz rocks

    near Achill Island · island or archipelago · Mayo

    The rocks of Achill Island are chiefly quartz, while the adjoining peninsula of Coraan is composed of conglomerate sandstone. The western part of the county between Achill Head and the north coast is mostly a low bog plain backed by quartz rock mountain ranges.

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    The whole of the mountains in this county, in a GEOLOGICAL point of view, are of primary formation ; but rocks of secondary formation arc freriuently found overlaying the primary at the base of the mountains. The secondary formation, on the northern range, is red sandstone covered with slate-clay, which alternates with floetz sandstone ; as also, limestone alternating with slate-clay : to the south is the old red sandstone covered with floetz limestone. A line drawn from the southern shore of Achill, and continued along the southern base of Coraan mountain, would very nearly pass along the junction of the primary and secondary formations. The primary rocks pass by a narrow isthmus between the secondary rocks at Castlebar, to the shore of Clew bay, and join the primary range, which commences at Croagh Patrick and. proceeds thence into Joyces' Country. No secondary rocks are met with between Achill Head, on the west coast, and Balderric on the north. Near this latter point the secondary formation commences, and it continues without interruption along the coast by Downpatrick, Killala, and Sligo, to Ballyshannon. From the junction at the sea-shore near Balderric, the edge of the primary country takes a direction nearly south to Croghan mountain, at the base of which, in the bed of the Owenmore, the old red sandstone appears overlaying mica-slate. From Croghan the junction of the rocks may be traced to the northern base of Nephin ; and thence, crossing Lough Conn, it proceeds along the northern base of the range of primary mountains from Foxford to Ballysadare. The great mountain chain commencing at Nephin, and extending in a north-western direction by the valley of the Owenmore to Coraan mountain, is entirely composed, except at Nephin-Beg, of mica-slate and granular quartz rock. Nephin mountain, the strata of which are fully disclosed by fissures, is formed of mica-slate, of very variable proportions ; the stratification is for the most part nearly vertical, but irregular. The composition of Nephin-Beg is very similar to that of the larger mountain. The western part of the county between Achill Head and the north coast, is for the most part a low plain of bog on a bottom of mica-slate, backed by mountain ranges of quartz rock. In the island of Achill the rocks are chiefly quartz ; in the adjoining peninsula of Coraan, conglomerate sandstone. In the peninsula of the Mullet the country is mostly covered with silicious sand ; on the western shore, where the rocks are visible, they are more crystalline than the mountains on the east. Upon the whole, this part of Erris much resembles the i.?lands of Coll and Tiree in the Hebrides. At Dunfeeny bay, the alternating beds of sandstone and clay-slate are covered by almost innumerable alternations of thin beds of black shale and black limestone : many of the beds of black shale contain balls of clay ironstone ; some so carbonaceous as to soil the fingers very much, and to emit a dense black smoke when thrown on the fire.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 147