A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. M'Hugh's Island artificial islet and fortress at Baronscourt

   Baronscourt · townland · Tyrone

   In the demesne of Baronscourt are three lakes, one of which contains an artificial islet clothed with timber called M'Hugh's Island. A chieftain named M'Hugh constructed the islet and erected a fortress on it.

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   The SURFACE is diversified by a continued variety of hill and dale, and rises into elevated mountain tracts in the north and west, known by the general name of the Munterlowny mountains : the most elevated is Saicell, part of which is in the county of Londonderry, 2'235 feet high; the next is MiilUtghcarn, 1778 feet. Bessy Bell and Mary Grey are the fanciful names of two mountains detached from this range, and standing prominently on each side of the river Mourne. The former is said to derive its name from Baal or Bel, whose religious rights called Baase were performed on its summit; hence the expression Baase Bell, which by a natural corruption has been moulded into its present popular appellation : the origin of the name of the other has not been ascertained. To the west of the barony of Dungannon are the mountains of Biilli/<^'(twlf-y, and still further south-west are those of Morley or Murley , both so high as to preclude the possibility of cultivation, though not so lofty as the northern range. The less elevated districts present many views of rich tranquil scenery : the mountainous parts, particularly near the courses of the numerous rivers and streams, abound with romantic prospects. The central part of the county from Omagh to Ballygawley is mostly a dreary expanse of bog and heath. The Lakes are few and small ; in the demesne of Baronscouit are three, one of which has an artificial islet clothed with timber, called M'^Hugh's Island, from a chieftain of that name who constructed it and erected a fortress on it. Not far from Baronscourt is Lough Creevy ; Lough Frae or Fry is in Lissan parish. There are others, small, but interesting for their scenery, near Pomeroy, Donoughmore, Fairlough, and Dunamanagh ; the border of one in the demesne of Pomeroy presents an exact miniature resemblance of the outline of Ireland. 619

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 366

2. Mica-slate range from Shillelagh through Glendalough to the Scalp

   Glendalough · electoral division · Wicklow

   Mica-slate occurs in direct contact with the granite range and is found in an uninterrupted range along its eastern border from Shillelagh, by Glenmalur, Glendalough, and Luggelaw, to the Scalp, where it is seen distinctly resting on the granite.

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   The mica-slate occurs in direct contact with the granite range on each side, and is found in an uninterrupted range along its eastern border from Shillelagh, by Glenmalur, Glendalough, and Luggelaw, to the Scalp, where it is seen distinctly resting on the granite, as ia many other places. It is usually fantastically contorted, on a small scale, and of a dark-grey hue ; and consists of alternate layers of quartz and mica of various thickness : in some places strata of quartz and of granite, and irregular masses of the latter, are imbedded in it. In the lower part of Glenmacanass it contains a bed of talc-slate, easily worked with the chisel, and hardening in the fire ; which qualities fit it for chimney-pieces, hearthstones, gravestones, and troughs. On the western side of the granite range is a similarly incumbent series of mica-slate strata, but extending no farther south than Baltinglass, and not so regular and continuous as the eastern tract in its range from the point where it enters from the county of Dublin, north-east of Blessington. Lugnaquilla, though composed chiefly of granite, is capped with mica-slate, with some alternating strata of granite ; and although the glen of Imale is entirely based on granite, this slate is seen forming the summits of many of the high surrounding mountains on the north and south. Brisselstown hill, and its lateral extension to the west, called Spynan's hill, consist of mica-slate, fine and minute granular greenstone, and greenstone-porphyry : the mica-slate in the western part is porphyritic, containing numerous crystals of felspar ; and similar translations, as also into greenstone porphyry by an intimate intermixture of hornblende, are observed in various neighbouring localities. Garnet, in general so constant a companion of mica-slate, is seldom seen in the strata of this county ; but hollow spar occurs in some places. The low range of hills west of Blessington, and the rest of the north-western border of the county, are based on clay-slate.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 405

3. Mica-slate schist quarries near Derry

   near Derry · city · Derry

   A laminated schist of the mica-slate formation is quarried between Derry and Newtown. This provides a source of building material in the region.

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   The transition limestone, intervening in a few places between the primitive formations and the sandstone, is of the same kind as that which occupies so great a portion of the central counties : it is of a smoke-grey colour, and contains two sorts of terebratulites, and nodules of glassy quartz, which render it dangerous to blast; but being, nevertheless, the best species in the county for manure and all ordinary purposes, it is most extensively quarried. The sandstone extends the entire length of the county, from its northern extremity near Down hill up the eastern side of the Roe, and surrounding Cragnashoack and Carntogher mountains, ■whence it stretches by the eastern declivity of Slieve- Galhon into the county of Tyrone. The upper strata of chalk are characterised by parallel beds of flinty nodules ; and, at their junction with the basalt, these flints are found imbedded in the lowest member of the trap deposit : it is curiously affected by intersecting dykes filled with basalt. The only great geological phenomenon exhibited on the sea-coast is the gradual emergence of the chalk from under the trap beds. The basalt is chiefly tabular, with the varieties called greenstone, amygdaloidal wacke, &c. A laminated schist of the mica-slate formation is quarried between Derry and Newtown ; there is a good quarry of lamellated schist between Bond's glen and Gossaden ; gneiss occurs in the quarries of the mica-slate near the Faughan river ; granite on the northern summit of Slieve-Gallion : the finest rock-crystals are to be met with in Finglen, Dungiven, Banagher, and in the primitive mountains near Learmount ; and steatite is found in the basaltic region. Iron is disseminated through many of the strata of the county, and in the basalt is sometimes so abundant as to affect the needle. Ironstone, which exists in great abundance in Slieve-Gallion, v\as formerly worked, but the undertaking was abandoned on the failure of fuel. The metal is found in a mixed state with manganese ; and in the mountain streams, mounds of it are observed in the character of yellow ochre. To the abundance of this metal in the peat-moss are owing the red colour and weight of the ashes. Coal, copper, and lead have been discovered in very small quantities.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 96

4. Midleton College founded by Lady Elizabeth Villiers

   Midleton · town · Cork · 1709

   A college was founded in 1709 by Lady Elizabeth Villiers, Countess of Orkney, who endowed it with lands in several baronies. Notable alumni include John Philpot Curran.

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   of the Presentation has been recently completed ; it is a handsome building on the road to Ballinacurra, and consists of a centre and two wings, one of which forms the domestic chapel, and the other a school-room for girls, who are gratuitously taught by the ladies of the convent. This is one of the institutions for the erection of which Miss Gould, a sister in the Presentation convent of Doneraile, bequeathed £10,000. A college was founded here in I709, by Lady Elizabeth Villiers, afterwards Countess of Orkney, who endowed it with lands in the baronies of Kinnalea, Kerrycurrihy, and Carbery, in this county, vested in trustees with power to appoint the master. These estates were let by the trustees in perpetuity at a reserved rent of £'200 per annum, of which £100 are paid as a salary to the master : in this school have been educated several eminent men, among whom was John Philpot Curran ; it is a seminary of very high character. There are a dispensary and a fever hospital, the latter a handsome building.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

5. Midleton constituted a free borough by charter

   Midleton · town · Cork

   Castle-Redmond and Cor-Abbey, part of the manor, were chartered as the Borough and Town of Midleton. The corporation returned two members to the Irish parliament until the Union, when the borough was disfranchised, and was dissolved in 1840.

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   of Castle-Redmond and Cor-Abbey, part of the said manor, should be a free borough and corporation, under the designation of the " Borough and Town of Midleton. " By this charter the corporation consisted, till its dissolution in 1840, of a sovereign, two bailiffs, twelve free burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by a recorder, town-clerk, and other officers. The sovereign, who was a justice of the peace within the borough, and the two bailiffs, were annually chosen from the burgesses by a majority of that body, by whom also freemen were admitted by favour only. The recorder, who was also town-clerk and seneschal of the manor, was appointed by the lord of the manor. The limits of the borough comprised an area of 100 acres encircling the town. Under the charter, the corporation continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The manorial court of record, formerly held by the seneschal every three weeks, for the recovery of debts not exceeding £200 late currency, has not been held since 1832. The general quarter-sessions for the East Riding of the county are held here in June and November : the court-house is a neat and commodious edifice of hewn limestone, situated at the western entrance into the town ; and adjoining it is a small but well-arranged bridewell.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

6. Midleton court-house of hewn limestone

   Midleton · town · Cork

   A neat and commodious court-house of hewn limestone stands at the western entrance into Midleton, with a small but well-arranged bridewell adjoining it. General quarter-sessions for the East Riding of the county are held here in June and November.

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   of Castle-Redmond and Cor-Abbey, part of the said manor, should be a free borough and corporation, under the designation of the " Borough and Town of Midleton. " By this charter the corporation consisted, till its dissolution in 1840, of a sovereign, two bailiffs, twelve free burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by a recorder, town-clerk, and other officers. The sovereign, who was a justice of the peace within the borough, and the two bailiffs, were annually chosen from the burgesses by a majority of that body, by whom also freemen were admitted by favour only. The recorder, who was also town-clerk and seneschal of the manor, was appointed by the lord of the manor. The limits of the borough comprised an area of 100 acres encircling the town. Under the charter, the corporation continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The manorial court of record, formerly held by the seneschal every three weeks, for the recovery of debts not exceeding £200 late currency, has not been held since 1832. The general quarter-sessions for the East Riding of the county are held here in June and November : the court-house is a neat and commodious edifice of hewn limestone, situated at the western entrance into the town ; and adjoining it is a small but well-arranged bridewell.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

7. Midleton parish church designed by the Pain brothers

   Midleton · town · Cork · 1825

   The parish church of Midleton was erected in 1825 in the later English style with an embattled tower and elegant spire, designed and superintended by Messrs. Pain. It was recently repaired with a grant of £202 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.

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   The parish comprises 4617 statute acres: the soil, though in some parts light, is fertile, and the system of agriculture greatly improved ; there is neither waste land nor bog. The substratum is generally limestone, which is quarried for agricultural and building purposes. The surrounding scenery is pleasingly diversified, and in many points highly picturesque : the principal seats are, Cahirmore, the property of Lord Midleton; Bally-Edmond ; Broomfield House; Killeagh Farm ; Charleston ; Ballinacurra Lodge ; and Lake View. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rent-charge is £673. 7- 6. The glebehouse, a large residence, is pleasantly situated ; and the glebe comprises 14| acres of good land : the house was built in 1791, by the then incumbent, at an expense of upwards of £2000, of which the Board of First Fruits gave £100. The church, erected in 1825 at an expense of £3000, a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, is a handsome structure in the later English style, with an embattled tower enriched with pinnacles and surmounted by a light and elegant spire, the whole erected after a design by, and under the immediate superintendence of, Messrs. Pain. It was recently repaired by aid of a grant of £202 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the churchyard is a mausoleum of grey marble, in the Grecian style, having in front a pediment resting on two lofty pillars, between which is a tablet of white marble, inscribed to Charles Brodrick, D.D., Archbishop of Cashel, and formerly rector of the parish, fourth son of George, Viscount Midleton ; and to his wife, the Hon. Lady Brodrick, second daughter of R. Woodward, D.D., Bishop of Cloyne ; by their seven surviving children. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Ballyspillane, Inchynebacky, Mogeeshy, and Ballyouteragh ; the principal chapel, near the eastern extremity of the town, is a spacious edifice, and there is also a chapel at Ballinf oretis. A convent for nuns of the order

   MILL

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

8. Military barracks maintained at Millstreet since 1822 riots

   Millstreet · town · Cork · 1822

   Large barracks for six officers and one hundred men have been maintained at Millstreet with a continuous infantry detachment ever since the riots of 1822.

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   MILLSTREET, a market and post town, in the parish of Drishane, union of Kanturk, barony of West Muskerry, county of Cork, and province of Munster, ■29:^ miles (N. W.) from Cork, and 155 (S. \V.) from Dublin, on the road from Cork to Killarney, and on that from Mallow to Kenmare ; containing '2162 inhabitants. Before 1736, this place consisted only of an inn, a mill, and five small cabins : it has now one long street, with several smaller ones diverging from it, and contains '297 houses, the greater number of which, though small, are neatly built. It is situated on the south side of the Blackwater, amidst the lofty mountains of Muskerry ; and derives its principal support from being a great thoroughfare. A small market is held every Thursday, during the winter season, chiefly for pigs; and fairs are held on the 1st and I'ith of March, June, Sept., and Dec, for the sale of cattle, horses, and pigs. An ale and porter brewery was established in 1835, which produces 1000 tierces annually; and there are extensive flour-mills, which have proved very advantageous to the farmer in encouraging the growth of wheat. Here is a court-house, in which petty-sessions are held on alternate Mondays ; connected with it is a small bridewell. Millstreet is a constabulary police station ; and there are large barracks for 6 officers and 100 men, where a detachment of infantry has been kept ever since the riots of 18'2'2. The parish church of Drishane stands on an eminence above the town ; it is a handsome edifice, built in 1798 at the expense of J. Wallis, Esq., of Drishane Castle. Here is also a Roman Catholic chapel, which, being small and inconvenient, was lately rebuilt upon a larger scale. The scenery around the town is exceedingly interesting, and in its vicinity are several elegant residences.

   MILL

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

9. Military governor refuses to surrender Derry city gate keys, 1721

   near Derry · city · Derry · 1721

   In 1721 a dispute arose between the corporation of Derry and the military governor, who refused to deliver the keys of the city gates to the new mayor as required by charter. He surrounded the town-hall with troops and prevented corporation members from entering.

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   In 1692, the corporation, failing to negotiate with Bishop King for a renewal of the lease of the quarterlands, reminded the society that the bishop's claims to this property were unsubstantial, and agreed to establish their right in consideration of £90. 10. per annum, which is still paid. In 1695 the society procured a resumption of the remainder of the 1500 acres comprised in their letters-patent, by an ejectment against the bishop, who, in 1697, appealed to the Irish house of lords, and obtained an order for their restitution ; the sheriffs and some other inhabitants of Derry, opposing the order, were taken into custody, and conveyed to Dublin. Against this decision the society applied to the English house of lords ; and in 1/03 an act was passed establishing their right, not only to ^the 1500 acres, but also to the fisheries, which had previously been an object of dispute ; subject to the payment of £250 per annum to the bishop and his successors, which is still continued, with a condition of exonerating him from rent or other demands for his palace and gardens. In 1721 a dispute took place between the corporation and the military governor, who refused to deliver the keys of the city gates to the new mayor, which by the charter he was bound to do ; he surrounded the town-hall with troops, and prevented the members of the corporation from entering it, but was removed immediately after. A grand centenary commemoration of the shutting of the gates took place in I78S, and was continued with the utmost harmony for three days ; in the month of August following, the relief of the city was commemorated.

   The CITY is advantageously situated on the river Foyle, above five statute miles above the point where it spreads into Lough Foyle, and chiefly on the summit and sides of a hill projecting into the river on its west side, and commanding in every direction richly diversified and picturesque views of a well cultivated tract. This hill, or " Island of Derry," is of an oval form, 1 19

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 100

10. Military road opens up Wicklow's mountain interior

    Glendalough · electoral division · Wicklow

    The large mountainous interior of Wicklow, though almost uninhabited, was made accessible by the military road. On its eastern side lie celebrated scenic sites including Lough Bray, Luggelaw, Lough Dan, Glendalough, and Glenmalur, all set in deep mountain recesses characterised by wildness and sublimity.

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    in the south-east of Ireland, is 3039 feet above the level of the sea ; that of Djouce is 2384 ; of Kippure, 2473 ; of Thonelagee, 2307 ; of Slieve Gadoe, 1791 ; of Cadeen, 2143; of^Croghan Kinshela, 2064; and of Warhill, 2250. The interior of this large tract, though almost uninhabited, has been rendered accessible by the military road ; and on its eastern side are the celebrated scenes of Lough Bray, Luggelaw, Lough Dan, Glendalough, and Glenmalur, all embosomed in mountainous recesses of vast depth, and characterised by wildness and sublimity.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 404

11. Military Road planned 1799 through Wicklow mountains

    near Glencree · valley · Wicklow · 1799

    The Military Road was planned in 1799 by order of government to connect Dublin with barracks at Glencree, Laragh, Drumgoff, and Aughavanagh built after the 1798 insurrection. It was constructed by Scotch fencible regiments then quartered in the county.

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    The. Rivers are numerous, but their courses rapid and short, except some of those which flow westward ; the principal are the Liffey, the Slaney, the Ovoca, the Vartrey, and the Derry, Daragh, or Aughrim. The principal Lines of HontI are of first-rate excellence : the new mail-coach road to Wexford, through the Glen of the Downs and the Vale of Ovoca, constructed by grand jury presentments, is a noble line. A new turnpike road on the western side of the county to Carlow, Wexford, Waterford, and Kilkenny, by Blessington and Baltinglass, has also been opened. The cross roads, too. are generally good and in sufficient number : so much has of late years been done in the cutting of new lines of road, as to make it a popular subject of complaint ; but the result is the formation of excellent toll-free lines in every direction. The Military road, which commences near Rathfarnhara, a few miles south of Dublin, and extends southward through the midst of the mountain region, in a line selected with great skill, was planned in 1799, by order of government, with the view of opening a direct and easy line of communication between the city of Dublin and the barracks of Glencrcc, Laragli, Drumgoff, and Aughavanagh, which had been built after the insurrection in the preceding year. It obtained its name from having been made by some Scotch fencible regiments then quartered in the county.

    4R

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 406

12. Millbrook flour mills at Oldcastle, 1777

    Millbrook · street · Meath · 1777

    Extensive flour and oatmeal mills at Millbrook were erected in 1777 by John Henry on his estate of 200 acres, powered by water from Lough Crew. The river Inny takes its rise at the mansion on an eminence commanding extensive views.

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    OLDCASTLE, a market and post town, a parish, and the head of a union, in the barony of Demifore, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, 20 railes (\. \vg from Trim, and 45j (N. W.) from Dublin, on the road to Killesandra ; containing 5079 inhabitants, of whom 1508 are in the town. The name of this place is supposed to be derived from the ruins of a castle, of which, however, not a vestige can be traced. The town contains 249 houses ; in the excise arrangements it is within the district of Drogheda. The market-house, in the centre of the town, is a handsome oblong building, affording accommodation for the market below, and for the petty-sessions above ; here is a dispensary. The largest market in the county is held at Oldcastle, every Monday, for yarn, particularly the finer kinds ; it is also plentifully supplied with pigs, meal, potatoes, butter, butchers-meat, &c. There are three principal fairs, on the 2nd Monday in June, Aug. 20th, and Oct. 28th ; and some minor fairs have been lately established, for cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, yarn, butter, and wool. Pettysessions are held on alternate Mondays. The parish, also called Clolyne, comprises 7 90S statute acres. Agriculture is in a prosperous state ; about half the land is under tillage, and the other half is pasture : the supply of peat is abundant. There are several fine quarries of limestone, which is carried to a great distance in the county of Cavan, for burning into lime. Extensive flour and oatmeal mills (at Millbrook) were erected in 1777, by John Henrj', Esq., on his estate, which consists of 200 acres ; they have the convenience of a sixty-horse power by water supplied from Lough Crew, and the concern employs 50 hands. The mansion, on an eminence, commands extensive views of the surrounding country ; and here the river Inny takes its rise.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 220

13. Mills and seats along the Shannon in Kilmurry parish, Limerick

    Plassy · site · Limerick

    Kilmurry parish in Limerick, on the southern bank of the Shannon, contains numerous mills including flour and oatmeal mills at Plassy, paper and flour mills at Ballyclogh, a starch-mill at Annacotty, and flour-mills at Ballysimon. Principal seats include Plassy, Milford, Shannon Park, and others.

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    KILMURRY, a parish, in the barony of ClanwiLLiAM, union and county of Limerick, and province of Munster, 2^: miles (E.) from Limerick, and on the southern bank of the Shannon ; containing I7O8 inhabitants. The parish comprises 3570 statute acres, including 14i acres of glebe, and about 35 acres of bog. The soil is very fertile ; more than half of the land is in tillage, Snd the remainder is meadow and pasture : the' surface is well planted near the Shannon. A river separates this parish from that of Castle-Connell, at the beautiful seat of the Earl of Clare, in the latter parish. Limestone is quarried in different places ; and there are an excellent flour and oatmeal mill at Plassy, a paper and a flour mill at Ballyclogh, a starch-mill at Annacotty, and flour-mills at Ballysimon. The principal seats arc Plassy, Milford, Shannon Park, Shannon 'View, Willow Bank, Rose Lawn, and Ballyclogh House. At Castle-Troy is a very neat cottage, belonging to Mr.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 48

14. Mills at Naul funded by act of George I

    Naul · town · Dublin · 1714–1727

    By an act of the 1st of George I, £2000 were granted to Arthur Mervyn to enable him to complete the mills at Naul by the addition of granaries.

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    NAUL, formerly called The Naule, a parish, in the union and barony of Balrothery, county of Dublin, and province of Leinster, 14 miles (N.) from Dublin, on the road to Drogheda, by Ballyboghill ; containing 756 inhabitants, of whom 217 are in the village. The parish comprises 2627^ statute acres, of which two-thirds are arable, nearly one-third pasture, and about 40 acres woodland. 'The ancient castle, sometimes called the Castle of Roches, is supposed to have been built by the family of De Geneville, from which it passed to the Cruises j and, having passed through various hands since 1641, it has become the property of Colonel Tennison, of Castle Tennison, in the county of Roscommon. It is boldly situated on a rocky precipice on the brow of a chain of hills, commanding a fine view of the vale of Roches, above which it towers at a height of upwards of 1 50 feet. Through this vale, which is a romantic tract, bordered in many places with rocks of various size and form, and broken into caves, flows the winding Delvan rivulet, which separates the counties of Dubhn and Meath, and, after forming a waterfall of the same name as the glen, falls into the Irish Sea at the village of Knockingiu. A fine view of this picturesque glen is obtained from Westown Hou.se, a respectable mansion of antiquated character, apparently erected early in the last century, and standing in a highly improved demesne, embellished with some fine old timber, at a short distance from the village : in the demesne is a rath, which has been thickly planted. Reynoldstown is the only other seat in the parish. By an act of the 1st of George I., £2000 were granted to Arthur Mervyn to enable him to complete the mills at Naul, by the addition of granaries.

    Agriculture is not in a forward state : the principal crops are wheat, oats, and potatoes ; limestone is raised for manure from quarries in the parish. In 1824, after several previous trials, a trial for coal was made by boring to the depth of 160 feet, but without success. There is a station of the constabulary police in the

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 195

15. Millstreet before 1736: inn, mill, and five cabins

    Millstreet · town · Cork

    Before 1736, Millstreet consisted only of an inn, a mill, and five small cabins. It later grew into a market town on the road from Cork to Killarney.

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    MILLSTREET, a market and post town, in the parish of Drishane, union of Kanturk, barony of West Muskerry, county of Cork, and province of Munster, ■29:^ miles (N. W.) from Cork, and 155 (S. \V.) from Dublin, on the road from Cork to Killarney, and on that from Mallow to Kenmare ; containing '2162 inhabitants. Before 1736, this place consisted only of an inn, a mill, and five small cabins : it has now one long street, with several smaller ones diverging from it, and contains '297 houses, the greater number of which, though small, are neatly built. It is situated on the south side of the Blackwater, amidst the lofty mountains of Muskerry ; and derives its principal support from being a great thoroughfare. A small market is held every Thursday, during the winter season, chiefly for pigs; and fairs are held on the 1st and I'ith of March, June, Sept., and Dec, for the sale of cattle, horses, and pigs. An ale and porter brewery was established in 1835, which produces 1000 tierces annually; and there are extensive flour-mills, which have proved very advantageous to the farmer in encouraging the growth of wheat. Here is a court-house, in which petty-sessions are held on alternate Mondays ; connected with it is a small bridewell. Millstreet is a constabulary police station ; and there are large barracks for 6 officers and 100 men, where a detachment of infantry has been kept ever since the riots of 18'2'2. The parish church of Drishane stands on an eminence above the town ; it is a handsome edifice, built in 1798 at the expense of J. Wallis, Esq., of Drishane Castle. Here is also a Roman Catholic chapel, which, being small and inconvenient, was lately rebuilt upon a larger scale. The scenery around the town is exceedingly interesting, and in its vicinity are several elegant residences.

    MILL

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

16. Milltown Castle and dilapidated village on the Dodder

    Milltown · townland · Dublin · 1792–1837

    Milltown, situated on the river Dodder near Dublin, was formerly an important place as evidenced by numerous dilapidated buildings. A mansion partly formed from the repaired edifice of Milltown Castle stands among the respectable residences of the neighbourhood. The village also has woollen mills established 45 years prior and a marble saw-mill.

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    MILLTOWN, a village, partly in the parish of Taney, but chiefly in that part of the united parishes of St. Peter and St. Kevin which is in the barony of Uppercross, union of South Dublin, county of Dublin, and province of Leinster, 2i miles (S.) from Dublin, on the road to Dundrum and Enniskerry ; containing "36 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Dodder ; and numerous dilapidated buildings testify that it was formerly an important place. A saw-mill for marble and flags is in operation ; and the woollen mills which were established 4.5 years since, for the manufacture of low-priced cloths, employ about 60 persons. The Dodder, after heavy rains, being swelled by mountain torrents, overflows its banks, and sometimes does considerable damage. The neighbourhood is adorned with many respectable residences, from several of which splendid views of the bay and city of Dublin are obtained, as well as of the Wicklow mountains : among them is a mansion, partly the repaired edifice of Milltown Castle. A late dissenting place of worship is now used as a district church, licensed by the bishop ; and there is a Roman Catholic 334

    chapel. Milltown gives the title of Earl to the family of Leeson.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

17. Milltown market town and Godfrey family seat in Kerry

    Milltown · town · Kerry

    Milltown in the parish of Kilcoleman, Kerry, is a market and post town on the mail-road from Tralee to Cahirciveen. A patent for a market and two fairs was obtained by John Godfrey, Esq., ancestor of Sir John Godfrey, Bart., whose seat Kilcoleman Abbey immediately adjoins the town. The late Rev. T. Fitzgerald bequeathed £4000 for schools and poor relief in the parishes.

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    MILLTOWN, a market and post town, in the parish of KiLCOLEMAN, uuion of Killarney, barony of Trughenackmy, county of Kerry, and province of Munster, 14 miles (S.) from Tralee by way of Currens, and 158 miles (S.W. byS.) from Dublin, on the mailroad from Tralee to Cahirciveen ; containing 797 inhabitants. It is situated near the river Mang or Maine, which flows into the harbour of Castlemaine and is navigable for vessels of 100 tons to within a mile of the town. In 1841 it contained 150 houses, together with the parochial church, a Roman Catholic chapel, bridewell, dispensary, and school ; it has a sub-post-oflice to Tralee, Newcastle, and Cahirciveen. A patent for a market and two fairs was obtained by John Godfrey, Esq., ancestor of the present proprietor. Sir John Godfrey, Bart., whose seat, Kilcoleman Abbey, immediately adjoins the town. The market, which is for corn and potatoes, is on Saturday ; and fairs are held on April 26th and ^-th, June IStd and 24th, Aug. 23rd and 24th, and Dec. 15th and I6th, for general farming stock : the market-house is an old building. At Rhapogue is a quay ; a considerable quantity of corn is annually exported, and coal, salt, and other articles are imported. The bridewell is a neat building, consisting of two day-rooms, two yards, and six cells : a constabulary police force is stationed in the town, and pettysessions are generally held once a fortnight. The church is a neat edifice, with a square pinnacled tower. In the Roman Catholic divisions Milltown is the head of a district, comprising the parishes of Kilcoleman and Kilbonane, each containing a chapel: that of Milltown is a handsome and spacious modern building, with an ornamental belfry of hewn stone. There is also a meetinghouse for Wesleyan Methodists. In the school-house, which is built in the cottage style, about 120 children of both sexes are educated at the expense of Sir John and Lady Godfrey ; and her ladyship, assisted by a loan from a London society, affords employment in spinning, weaving, &c., to^ several of the poorer class. The late Rev. T. Fitzgerald, P.P. of Milltown, bequeathed £4000 to the Roman Catholic bishop of Kerry and his successors, the interest to be applied partly to the establishment and support of schools, and partly in clothing and feeding the poor in the parishes of Kilcoleman and Kilbonane ; and £1000 are applied in like manner for the benefit of the parish of Killeiny. The ruins of the ancient abbey, situated in Sir John Godfrey's demesne, are described under the head of Kilcoleman.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

18. Milo de Cogan's marauding expedition to Roscommon

    Roscommon · town · Roscommon

    After the English arrival, Murrough, son of Roderic O'Conor, persuaded Milo de Cogan to undertake an expedition into Connaught. Milo came to Roscommon, joined with Murrough, and their united forces began a marauding campaign through the neighbouring districts.

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    According to Ptolemy, this region was inhabited by the Auteri, who occupied also the present county of Galway. Among the native septs by whom it was afterwards held, the O'Conors enjoyed the supreme authority in the central districts, the Mac Dermots in the northern, and the O'Ceilys or O'Kellys in the southern. After the arrival of the English in the country, Murrough, son of Roderic O'Conor, King of Ireland, during his father's absence, persuaded Milo de Cogan to undertake an expedition into Connaught ; Milo, having come to Roscommon, was joined by Murrough, and their united forces commenced a marauding campaign through

    Rose

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 258

19. Milo de Courcy defeats Florence MacCarthy More at Ringrone

    Ringrone · townland · Cork

    John de Courcy, lord of Kinsale and the adjoining castle of Ringrone, was succeeded by his grandson Milo, who near Ringrone defeated Florence MacCarthy More and his followers, driving many into the river Bandon where they drowned.

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    Rincurran, and contains altogether 691s inhabitants. This place, of which, from its very great antiquity, the origin is but imperfectly known, is supposed to have derived its name from the Irish Cean Taile, signifying " the headland in the sea," in allusion to the promontory called the Old Head ; or from Ciun Saila, a " smooth sea or basin." It is also in some ancient Irish manuscripts called Fan-na-Tuabrid, or " the fall of the springs." On the Old Head, about 6 miles from the town, was an encampment, supposed, but on doubtful authority, to have been the residence of some of the ancient kings of Ireland, and of which the site is now occupied by the ruins of a castle built in the l'2th century by the celebrated De Courcy, who, having married into the family of the De Cogans, the first English grantees, became possessed of a large tract of country now forming the barony of Courcy, adjoining that of Kinsale on the south-west. The place appears from a very early period to have been a borough by prescription, as the charter of incorporation granted to the inhabitants by Edward III., in the 7th of his reign, states in its preamble that the town " was surrounded by Irish enemies and English rebels, and that the burgesses had always obeyed the kings orders in repelling the same, who had often by sea and land assailed the town, the walls of which had become ruinous and the burgesses unable to repair them." Power was therefore granted to choose a " sovereign ;" to collect certain customs for repairing the walls ; and to treat separately with, or make war upon, the Irish enemies. John de Courcy having become lord of Kinsale and also of the adjoining castle of Ringrone, was succeeded in his estates here by his grandson Milo, who near the latter place defeated Florence ISPCarty More and a large party of his followers, and drove them into the river Bandon, where many of them were drowned.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 59

20. Miltown church built 1805 with Board of First Fruits grant

    Milltown Malbay · town · Clare · 1805–1814

    The church at Miltown is a small plain edifice with a square tower, built in 1805 with a £500 grant from the Board of First Fruits and later repaired with £104 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house was erected in 1814 with Board assistance.

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    church, at Miltown, is a small plain edifice with a square tower, built in 1805, and towards which £500 were granted by the Board of First Fruits : it was lately repaired, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners having granted £104 for that purpose. The glebe-house was erected in 1814, a gift of £337 and a loan of £79 having been granted by the Board : the glebe comprises about eight acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish forms part of the district of Miltown, which also comprises the parish of Kiliiiurry-Ibrickane and contains two chapels, situated respectively at Miltown and Mullogh : the former has been rebuilt on a larger scale. On the shores of this parish are several springs of a chalybeate nature, but not much used for medicinal purposes. At Freagh are the ruins of the castle of that name, and there are several ancient raths or forts. At the side of Loughnamina, on Mount Callan, a very large and remarkable sepulchral stone of great antiquity was discovered, about 1*84; it bears an inscription, in the ancient Ogham character, having the peculiarity of being read in five different ways, to the memory of the chief Conan, whose death is alluded to in one of the legends of the 8th century (ascribed to Ossian) as having taken place the year before the battle of Gabhra, which was fought in 296. From the hard texture of the stone the inscription, when discovered, was perfectly legible. On the south side of the mountain is a large cromlech, or Dniidical altar, nearly perfect, supposed to have been dedicated to the sun, and popularly called Darby and Crane's bed ; and near it are two smaller ones, and the remains of a stone rath, in which part of a covered way i.s still visible.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 24

21. Mineral spring in the bog of Street parish

    Street · parish · Westmeath

    In the midst of the bog in the parish of Street is a mineral spring, noted as a natural feature of the landscape.

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    STREET, anciently Straid, a parish, partly in the barony of Ardagh, union and county of Longford, but chiefly in that of Moyggish, union of Granard, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, Si miles (X. by E.) from Rathowen ; on the river Inny and Lough Dereveragh, and on the road to Granard ; containing 3905 inhabitants. This parish comprises l6,722f statute acres, of which about 9500 are good land chiefly under tillage ; its eastern side is composed of vast tracts of bog, through which the Inny winds, and on the west is the county of Longford. The farms are large and for the most part well cultivated ; much draining and other improvements are going forward, especially on the estates of Major Blackall, and W. Wilson, Esq. ; green crops are coming into cultivation, and the people seem generally comfortable and contented. Here are quarries of very fine limestone, good black marble, and thin black flagstone. The seats are Colamber and Kildevin. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the patronage of Fulke Greville, Esq., in whom the rectory is impropriate; the tithe rent-charge is £276. 18. 6., one-half payable to the impropriator, and the other to the vicar. The glebe comprises 5 acres, valued at £10. 10. per annum ; the glebehouse was built by aid of £400 and a loan of £382, in 1812, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is an ancient building, in good repair : divine service is also performed in two school-houses, at each extremity of the parish, on the evenings of the alternate Sundays throughout the year. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; the chapel is at Boherquil. A loan fund with a capital of upwards of £3000, has been productive of much good. At Colamber are the ruins of a castle, which was besieged by Oliver Cromwell ; and the ruins of an old church and burial-ground : the castle formed the boundary of the English pale. There are also the remains of an old church with a burial-place at Clonmore, anciently a monastery of the order of St. Bernard, founded by St. Fintan about the 13th century. Opposite the church is a large high moat. At Kennard, in the parish, was a nunnery. In the midst of the bog is a mineral spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 304

22. Mineral spring near Broadford

    near Broadford · townland · Clare

    A mineral spring near Broadford in the parish of Kilseily was formerly in great repute. Broadford also had two fairs and a manorial court for recovery of small debts.

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    KILSEILY, a parish, in the union of Limerick, barony of Tulla Lower, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 9 miles (W. by S.) from Killaloe, on the road to Ennis ; containing 4469 inhabitants. It comprises 11,102:^ statute acres; about 7600 are arable land under an improving system of tillage, and the remainder mountain pasture and bog. Good buildingstone of a gritty quality is found in the parish ; and at Ardskegh, Hurlston, and Lyssane are quarries of slate, the produce of which is extensively used in Limerick and Ennis. The principal seats are Woodfield, Hurlston, and Violet Hill. Lake Doon near Broadford, abounds with pike and bream ; and the neighbourhood affords a variety of game. A canal from Broadford to Bunratty, on the Shannon, might be constructed at a moderate expense, the line being nearly level, and mostly through a chain of lakes. Two fairs are held at Broadford, u/iic/i iee ; and a manorial court for the recovery of small debts is also held there. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe ; the rectory forming part of the union of Omullod ; and the vicarage united to the vicarages of Killurane and Kilnoe, constituting the union of Kilseily, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £180, one-half payable to the rector and the other to the vicar ; and the entire tithe of the vicarial benefice is £235. 8. : there is neither glebe nor glebe-house. The church, at Broad - ford, was built in 1810 by a loan of £800 from the Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Broadford, comprising also the parish of Killokennedy ; there are three chapels, situated respectively at Broadford, Glanomera, and Kilbane. The parochial school, at Broadford, is supported by the incumbent. There are some slight vestiges of Doon Castle, on the border of the lake ; and near Broadford is a mineral spring, formerly in great repute.

    K I L— S H

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 56

23. Mineral springs at Rathbane, known as Lisdoonvarna spas

    Lisdoonvarna · townland · Clare

    Several powerful mineral springs on the demesne of Rathbane include a strong chalybeate, a sulphur-magnesia spring, a naphtha-impregnated spring, and the Copperas well. Known for centuries, they were situated in deep ravines at the base of lofty hills of black slate and used to treat various ailments.

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    On the demesne of Rathbane are several very powerful mineral springs, sometimes erroneously called the Lisdoonvarna spas. One of them is celebrated as among the strongest chalybeates in the kingdom : it contains so large a portion of iron, that in a few seconds it stains with a ferruginous colour any substance with which it may come in contact ; and it has been found peculiarly efficacious in hepatitis, consumption, scorbutic and bilious afifections, and rheumatism. Near this is another spring, which on analysis was found to contain, in addition to the iron, considerable portions of sulphur and magnesia ; the water is used with great benefit as an aperient. On the opposite side of a deep ravine, is a spring powerfully impregnated with naphtha, the exhalations of which taint the surrounding air ; silver thrown into the water is instantly changed to a deep gold colour ; and the water has been used with success as a cure for cutaneous diseases and for rheumatism. About a furlong further up the ravine, is a fourth spring, called the Copperas well ; it has not been analysed, but has been used externally from time immemorial with effect as a cure for ulcers. These mineral springs, under the appellation of the Lisdoonvarna spas, have been known 147

    and appreciated for centuries ; they are situated in deep ravines at the base of lofty hills of black slate, between the strata of which are found large quantities of bright metallic ore resembling silver. From the bad state of the roads, and the want of proper accommodation, they have been comparatively neglected by invalid!). Several cottages have, however, been recently built in the vicinity of the waters for the reception of vi>:iters ; and if the proprietor continues his improvements, and a facility of access be afforded, this place will probably become one of the most frequented spas in Ireland.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 47

24. Minorites convent and red pillar, New Ross

    New Ross · town · Wexford · 1732

    A convent of Minorites was founded by Sir John Devereux on the site of a house of Crutched Friars that had been destroyed by the townspeople. The convent walls were pulled down in 1732, leaving a large red pillar believed to commemorate the townspeople's violent act; sepulchral stones with Norman French inscriptions were found on the site.

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    The vestiges of ancient buildings or monuments are but few. The walls of a convent of Minorites, founded by Sir John Devereux on the site of the house of Crutched Friars destroyed by the people, were pulled down in 1732, with the exception of a large red pillar supposed to have been erected in commemoration of the sanguinary act of the townsmen : in a garden on its site were found some sepulchral stones sc\ilptured with crosses, and bearing inscriptions in Norman French. The walls of the chancel and transepts of the old parish church, commonly called Christ Church, and which was originally the conventual church of St. Saviour, are in a state of tolerable preservation, affording a good specimen of the style of the 13th century. One of the five town gates is still standing : it is called the Bishop's gate, and retains proofs of former magnificence ; it had a portcullis, and the roof of the archway is very delicately groined : Priory or South gate and the Three-Bullet gate have been lately taken down. The only other remains of the walls are, a small fragment near the site of the South gate, and part of an oval tower near the site of the Three-Bullet gate. About a mile from the town, within the bounds of its liberties, but exempt from its ancient corporate jurisdiction, is a square tower or keep of moderate dimensions, the remains of Mountgarret Castle, from which a branch of the noble family of Butler derives its title. In the town were standing, within the memory of some of the present inhabitants, the ruins of a fortress called Mulgrave Castle, from which the family of Phipps derives the title of Baron Mulgrave of New Ross. The town itself gives the title of Earl to the Parsons family.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 264

25. Miss M'Kenny bequest to poor of Clough, 1832

    Clough · townland · Down · 1832

    Miss M'Kenny bequeathed £50 to the poor of Clough in 1832, the interest of which is annually distributed by the rector.

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    in the village of Seaforde. was built and endowed by the governors of the schools founded by Erasmus Smith ; two acres of land required by the governors to be made over in perpetuity for the master were given by the late Colonel Forde, and a yearly gratuity is paid to him by the present head of the family, the Rev. W. B. Forde. There is also in the village a girls' school, built in 1816 by Colonel Forde, and endowed by him with £14 per annum. A school-house in the townland of Clara was built, chiefly by Colonel Forde, in the same year. In 1840 the Rev. W. B. Forde built a neat school-house at Anadorn ; this school, and that at Clara, are in connexion with the Church Education Society, from which each of the masters has a salary of £8, besides a gratuity of equal amount from the landlord. Contiguous to each of the Roman Catholic chapels is a national school ; and in the parish are several Sunday schools. At Clough are two places of worship for Presbyterians, one in conne.xion with the General Assembly, the other with the Remonstrant Synod of Ulster ; and at Seaforde is also a place of worship for Presbyterians. Miss M'Kenny, in 1832, bequeathed £50 to the poor of Clough, the interest of which is annually distributed by the rector.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 113

26. Mitchelstown Castle, seat of the Earl of Kingston

    Mitchelstown · town · Cork

    Mitchelstown Castle is a grand castellated mansion of hewn stone designed by Mr. Pain of Cork at a cost exceeding £100,000. The White Knight's tower stands on the site of a tower from the old mansion, and the demesne comprises 1,300 acres with extensive gardens, a conservatory, and a farming establishment.

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    MiTCHELSTOWN CASTLE, the Splendid seat of the Earl of Kingston, is a noble and sumptuous structure of hewn stone, in the castellated style, erected after a design by Mr. Pain, of Cork, at an expense of more than £100,000. The buildings form three sides of a quadrangle, the fourth being occupied by a terrace, under which are various offices. The principal entrance, on the eastern range, is flanked by two square towers rising to the height of 106 feet, one of which is called the White Knight's tower, from its being built on the site of the tower of that name which formed part of the old mansion ; and at the northern extremity of the same range are two octagonal towers of lofty elevation. The entrance hall opens into a stately hall or gallery, 80 feet in length, with an elaborately groined roof : this gallery is richly ornamented with fine tracery, and furnished with elegant stoves of bronze, and figures of warriors armed cap-^-pie ; at the further extremity is the grand staircase. Parallel with the gallery, and forming the south front and principal range, are the dining and drawing rooms, both noble apartments superbly fitted up, and opening into the library, which is between them. The whole pile has a character of stately baronial magnificence, and, from its great extent and elevation, forms a conspicuous feature in the surrounding scenery. Near the castle is a large fish-pond ; and from a small tower on its margin, water is conveyed to the baths and to the upper apartments of the castle, and across the demesne to the gardens, by machinery of excellent construction. The gardens are spacious, and tastefully laid out ; the conservatory is 100 feet in length, and ornamented with a range of beautiful Ionic pilasters. The demesne, which comprises 1,300 statute acres, is embellished with luxuriant plantations ; and includes a farming establishment on an extensive scale, with buildings and offices of a superior description, on the erection of ■which more than £40,000 were expended. It is estimated that the castle, with the conservatories, farm, and the general improvement of the demesne, has cost its noble proprietor little less, if not more, than £^00,000. About half-way between this town and Cahir are the magnificent caverns which, from their being visited by persons generally making this place their headquarters, are sometimes called the MitcheUtown Caienis ; they are situated in the parish of Templetenny, in the county of Tipperary, under which head they are described.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 154

27. Mitchelstown Caverns in Templetenny parish

    Templetenny · parish · Tipperary

    Magnificent caverns situated in the parish of Templetenny, County Tipperary, halfway between Mitchelstown and Cahir. They were commonly called the Mitchelstown Caverns because visitors typically made Mitchelstown their headquarters.

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    MiTCHELSTOWN CASTLE, the Splendid seat of the Earl of Kingston, is a noble and sumptuous structure of hewn stone, in the castellated style, erected after a design by Mr. Pain, of Cork, at an expense of more than £100,000. The buildings form three sides of a quadrangle, the fourth being occupied by a terrace, under which are various offices. The principal entrance, on the eastern range, is flanked by two square towers rising to the height of 106 feet, one of which is called the White Knight's tower, from its being built on the site of the tower of that name which formed part of the old mansion ; and at the northern extremity of the same range are two octagonal towers of lofty elevation. The entrance hall opens into a stately hall or gallery, 80 feet in length, with an elaborately groined roof : this gallery is richly ornamented with fine tracery, and furnished with elegant stoves of bronze, and figures of warriors armed cap-^-pie ; at the further extremity is the grand staircase. Parallel with the gallery, and forming the south front and principal range, are the dining and drawing rooms, both noble apartments superbly fitted up, and opening into the library, which is between them. The whole pile has a character of stately baronial magnificence, and, from its great extent and elevation, forms a conspicuous feature in the surrounding scenery. Near the castle is a large fish-pond ; and from a small tower on its margin, water is conveyed to the baths and to the upper apartments of the castle, and across the demesne to the gardens, by machinery of excellent construction. The gardens are spacious, and tastefully laid out ; the conservatory is 100 feet in length, and ornamented with a range of beautiful Ionic pilasters. The demesne, which comprises 1,300 statute acres, is embellished with luxuriant plantations ; and includes a farming establishment on an extensive scale, with buildings and offices of a superior description, on the erection of ■which more than £40,000 were expended. It is estimated that the castle, with the conservatories, farm, and the general improvement of the demesne, has cost its noble proprietor little less, if not more, than £^00,000. About half-way between this town and Cahir are the magnificent caverns which, from their being visited by persons generally making this place their headquarters, are sometimes called the MitcheUtown Caienis ; they are situated in the parish of Templetenny, in the county of Tipperary, under which head they are described.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 154

28. Mitchelstown parish, Meath: church and castle ruins

    Mitchelstown · townland · Meath

    The parish of Mitchelstown in County Meath comprises 9735 acres and 248 inhabitants. Remains of an old church and a castle contiguous to it survive in the parish.

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    and on the road from Kells to Ardee, containing '248 inhabitants. This parish comprises 9735 statute acres. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Syddan : the tithe rent-charge is £34. 1^. 4.; the glebe comprises about 9 acres, let for £li. 1. 8. per annum. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Lobbinstown. There are remains of an old church, and of a castle contiguous.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 154

29. Mitchelstown town layout and castle demesne

    Mitchelstown · town · Cork

    The town of Mitchelstown sits on a hillside above the river Gradogue, which crosses by a stone bridge and flows into the Funcheon within the demesne of Mitchelstown Castle. The principal streets, George-street and Cork-street, are intersected by four smaller streets, and King-square gives access to the castle demesne.

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    The TOWN is situated on the declivity of a hill washed at its base by the small river Gradogue, which is here crossed by a stone bridge and falls into the river Puncheon within the demesne of Mitchelstown Castle. It consists mainly of two streets, called respectively Georgestreet and Cork-street, of which the latter is the chief thoroughfare. The former is terminated by the church at the southern extremity, and at the other leads into a spacious square, the north side of which is occupied by the extensive buildings of Kingston College : on the east side is a large and handsome hotel, which contains a news-room, supported by subscription ; and immediately opposite is the entrance to the demesne of Mitchelsfovsn Castle. The principal streets, which are parallel with each other, are intersected at right angles by four smaller streets; the total number of houses, in 1841, was 531, most of which are well built and of respectable appearance. The square and principal streets are paved, but the footpaths not flagged. The inhabitants are amply supplied with water raised by pumps in various parts of the town ; of these, one in King-square, of superior construction, worked by machinery and inclosed with an iron railing, was erected by the Earl of Kingston in IS^S. In 1841 the inhabitants adopted the act 9th George IV., cap. S'2, as far as regards cleansing and watching. Great improvements have been made under the auspices of the earl, who is proprietor of the town ; a new road to Lismore has been completed, and a continuation of the line to Limerick opened, which gives to an extensive, fertile, and improving district, facilities 336

    of access to the market of Mitchelstown. The former line, by diminishing to within 14 miles the distance to the river Blackwater at Lismore, affords the advantage of water convej'ance for coal, culm, timber, and other articles, at a moderate charge.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 154

30. Moat and church remains at Tullamain, Tipperary

    Tullamain · townland · Tipperary

    At Tullamain parish in Tipperary, some remains of the church still exist, and there is a very extensive moat with intrenchments, planted with fine trees, forming a conspicuous object in the neighbourhood.

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    TULLAMAIN, a parish, in the union of Cashel, barony of Midulethird, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4 miles (\V.) from Fethard ; containing 688 inhabitants. It comprises 2217 statute acres; the land is in general good and mostly in pasture, and there is abundance of limestone, Tullamain House, the principal seat, is pleasantly situated. The parish is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Redcity : the tithe rent-charge is £105. Some remains of the church still exist; and there is a very extensive moat with intrenchments, which, from its being planted with fine trees, forms a conspicuous object in the neighbourhood.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 357

31. Moat at Kilfinane

    Kilfinane · town · Limerick

    Kilfinane is noted for having a large and very perfect ancient moat. Another similar moat is located at Pallasgreine.

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    The VESTIGES of ANTiauiTY are numerous, and of great variety of character. There were two round towers : that at Ardpatrick fell a few years since ; the other, at Carrigreen, is in good preservation. Of the earlier and ruder kind of pagan relics are, the cromlech on Bailenalycaellach hill, and two others near it ; the fortifications on Knocktow ; a large fort at Friarstown ; a large and very perfect moat at Kilfinane, and another at Pallasgreine ; a tumulus at Bruree ; an earthen fort of great height near Croom ; the stone circles at Grange ; a large dun or intrenched mount, with raths and other circular fortifications, at Kilpeacon ; a circular fort divided into segments near Shanid Castle ; and traces of an ancient city in Cahir Park. The number of the religious houses that were founded here is about 35, exclusively of those in the city and its liberties. There are still remains of those of the Trinitarians, Augustinians, and Franciscans, at Adare ; of Monaster na Geailleach ; of Askeaton Abbey ; and of Kilshane Abbey, in the parish of Ballingarry ; also several extensive ruins of the ancient college at Mungret ; of Galbally friary ; of Kilflin monastery ; of Kilmallock Abbey ; of Monaster-Nenagh Abbey ; and of the fine old abbey in the parish of Rochestown : all of which are particularly described in their respective parishes. The county contains upwards of 50 ruins of churches : it is, however, but right to observe, that in many instances new structures have been built in more eligible situations, and every parish has now a church, or is united to a parish in which there is one. So numerous were the castles rendered necessary by the former unsettled state of the country, that they are sometimes found within half a mile of each other; there are still ruins, more or less extensive, of nearly one hundred, which, with the modern seats of the nobility and gentry, are noticed in their respective places.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 74

32. Moated mound at Dungorkin on Cumber-Claudy road

    Dungorkin · townland · Derry

    A large moated mound is found at Dungorkin on the road from Cumber-Claudy through Loughermore, with another curious mound on the road from Springhill to Lough Neagh.

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    Remains of its ancient inhabitants of every period are scattered over the county. There is a cromlech at Slaght-Manus, another at Letter- Shandenny, a third at Slaghtaverty, and others at Bally-na-screen : some were originally surrounded by a circle of upright stones. There are remains of sepulchral mounts or tumuli at Mullagh-cross, and a vast tumulus is seen at Dovine, between Newtown-Limavady and Coleraine ; besides several of smaller dimensions. Numerous cairns are met with in every quarter, especially on the summits of the mountains. Near Dungiven is a very remarkable sepulchral pillar. Raths or Danish forts are likewise scattered, iu chains, in every direction, each being generally within sight of two others : the most remarkable is that called the Giant's Sconce, anciently commanding the communication between the districts of Newtown and Coleraine. Ditches, inclosing spaces of from half a rood to several acres, are discernible contiguous to these forts. There is a curious mound surrounded with a moat on the road from Springhill to Lough Neagh ; and another, of larger size, at Dungorkin, on the road from Cumber- Claudy through Loughermore. Ancient intrenchments of differeut character are seen at Prospect, and between Gortnagasan and Cathery. Various coins, pins, rings, and forks have been found about a moat near Lough Neagh ; and, among other ancient instruments, quern-stones have often been discovered. Hatchets made of hard basalt, spears of grey granite, and barbed arrow-heads of flint (the last sometimes neatly executed, and vulgarly called elf-stones), are very frequently found. Sometimes gold and silver coins, fibulae, and gorgets, with other ornaments, are dug up ; but these are rare. There are many artificial caverns, which seem to have been de- '259

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 97

33. Moate's rath and the Revolution War battle

    Moate · town · Westmeath · 1689–1691

    Moate takes its name from a rath called Granageoge or 'Grace's Moat,' named after Grace M'Loughlin. During the war of the Revolution, Jacobite forces pursued from Ballymore by General de Ginkel drew up here but were defeated and fled to Athlone with heavy losses.

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    MOATE, or Moate-a-Grenoge, a market and post town, partly in the parish of Kilmanaghan, but chiefly in that of Kilcleagh, union ofAxHLONE, barony of Clonlonan, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, 7f miles (E. by S.) from Athlone, and b1 (W. by 3.) from Dublin, on the coach-road to Athlone ; containing '2095 inhabitants. This place takes its name from a rath or moat at the back of the town, in what was originally the territory of the M'Loughlius, and which was called, after Grace M'^Loughlin, Grana-oge, or " Grace's Moat." During the war of the Revolution, a large body of the adherents of James XL, which had been pursued from Ballymore by the forces under General de Ginkel, drew up here, in order to give battle to their pursuers ; but they were driven into the town, whence, after they had vainly endeavoured to intrench themselves, they fled to Athlone, with the loss of about 300 men, several officers, their baggage, a great quantity of arms, and 500 horses. At Athlone, their defeat had caused such consternation in the garrison of that place, that the gates were closed against the fugitives from a fear of admitting their pursuers also ; several fled for shelter to the bogs, and many perished in the river. The town, which is neatly built and of pleasing appearance, contains 394 houses, of which number about two-thirds are slated, and the remainder thatched. The manufacture of cottons and linens, formerly carried on to a very great extent, is now much diminished, affording employment only to about 100 persons; and several large distilleries and breweries have been altogether discontinued. A branch of the National Bank has been opened. The market is on Thursday ; and fairs are held on April 25th, June 22nd, Oct. 2nd, and Dec. 3rd. A chief constabulary police force is stationed here ; a manorial court is held on the first Monday in every alternate month, pettysessions on alternate Thursdays, and the general quarter-sessions for the district at the usual times. The court-house is a commodious building ; attached to it is a small bridewell. The parish church of Kilcleagh is situated in the town : there are also a Roman Catholic chapel ; a small convent to which a chapel is attached ; places of worship for the Society of Friends, Baptists, and Wesleyan Methodists ; and a dispensary. Moate Castle is the seat of the Clibborn family.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 154

34. Moat of Granard, a large rath at the town's main street

    Granard · townland · Longford

    A large rath, known as the Moat of Granard, stands at one end of the main street of Granard town. It is one of the few remains of remote antiquity in County Longford.

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    The REMAINS of remote .\NTiauiTY are very few in number. A large rath, usually called the Moat of Granard, stands at one end of the main street of that town ; another, called Lisardowlin, situated near the road from Longford to Edgeworthstown, is by the people of this country generally believed to be the centre of Ireland. Monastic institutions were numerous, and for the most part held in great veneration, and well endowed. Abbeyshrule belonged to the Canons Regular ; Ardagh, to the Franciscans ; and Lerha or Laragh, to the Cistercians : the wealthy abbey of Longford was founded by the O'Farrels ; there were also abbeys or priories at Moydow, Clone, Clonebrone, Dcrg, Druimchei, and Killinmore, besides those on the islands of Innismorey, Innisbofin, Inniscloran, and All Saints. Ruins of all the above still remain ; but of the priories at Ballynasaggard, Kilglass, and St. Johnstown, no vestiges of the

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 107

35. Moat of Knockgraffon and ruined church and castle

    Knockgraffon · townland · Tipperary

    The moat of Knockgraffon covers a considerable area and, from its great elevation, forms a conspicuous object. Contiguous to it are the ruins of the old church and of a castle, and a town or large village is supposed to have formerly existed here.

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    KNOCKGRAFFON, a parish, in the union of Ca- SHEL, barony of Middlethird, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4 miles (S.) from Cashel, on the road to Cahir ; containing 3'296 inhabitants. It comprises 9S73 statute acres, and is moderately well cultivated ; there is no bog, and the waste land is rapidly being brought into cultivation : here are several limestone-quarries. The principal seats are Rockwell, Westgrove, Garranlera, and Woodinstown. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, episcopaliy united in 1S03 to the rectory of Doggstown, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Ormonde; the tithe rent-charge of Knockgraffon is £533. 1. 6., and of the entire benefice £.5.53. 16. The glebe-house was budt in 1790, at a cost exceeding £1400, by the then incumbent; the glebe comprises 40 acres. The church is a neat edifice, erected in 1*88 by parochial assessment. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, called New Inn, comprising this parish and Doggstown, in each of which is a chapel. The parochial school-house, with an acre of land, was given by the late rector. At Poolniucka is a dispensary. The moat of Knockgraffon covers a very considerable area, and, from its great elevation, forms a conspicuous object : contiguous are the ruins of the old church and of a castle ; and a town or large village is supposed to have existed here formerly.

    KNOCKLONG, or Long, a parish, in the union of KiLMALLOCK, baronv of Costlea, county of Limerick, and province of Mvnster, 6 miles (S. E.) from Bruff, and on the road from Limerick to Mitchelstown ; containing 1963 inhabitants. It comprises 444'2 statute acres, about one-fourth of which is under tillage, and the remainder consists of rich meadow and pasture land, principally in large dairy-farras. The soil is in general Vol. II.— •201

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 62

36. Mocollop castle and the Desmond earls

    Mocollop · townland · Waterford · 1462–1650

    James, the seventh earl of Desmond, died at his castle in Mocollop in 1462. The castle remained with the Desmonds until forfeited by Gerald, the 16th earl, in 1583, and was defended against Cromwell's forces in 1650. Ruins of the ancient castle still exist.

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    MOCOLLOP, a parish, in the union of Lismore, barony of Coshmore, county of Waterford, and province of MuNSTER, 6 miles (W.) from Lismore, on the road to Fermoy, and on the river Blackwater ; the population and extent are returned with Lismore. James, the seventh earl of Desmond, died at his castle here in 1462. The castle continued in the possession of the Desmonds until forfeited by the treason of Gerald, the I6th earl, in 15S3 : it was defended against Cromwell's forces in 1650. The surface of the parish is chiefly rugged, and the land of inferior quality : on its verge, in the picturesque dell of Araglin, were formerly some iron-works. The seat of MocoUop is situated in a richly planted demesne, having an unusual e.xtent of orchard, the cider produced from which is very celebrated. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore ; the rectory is united to that of Lismore, and appropriate to the dean and chapter ; the vicarage is also united to that of Lismore, and appropriate to the vicars-choral. The amount of tithe rentcharge is included in that of Lismore. The church is a neat building. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Lismore : the chapel is at the village of Ballyduff. Ruins of an ancient castle exist.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 154

37. Modern house on site of Loughbrickland castle

    near Loughbrickland · village · Down · 1812

    A modern house was erected in 1812 on the shore of the lake at Loughbrickland, on the site of the ancient castle which was then taken down.

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    LOUGHBRICKLAND, a post-town, in the parish of Aguaderg, union of Banuridge, barony of Ui-per IvEAGH, county of Dow.s, and province of Ulster, 8 miles (.\. E.) from Newry, and 58^ (N.) from Dublin, on the road from Newry to Belfast ; containing 647 inhabitants. This town, which is prettily situated on the lake from which it takes its name, owes its rise to Sir Marmaduke Whitchurch, to whom Queen Elizabeth, in 1585, granted the adjacent lands. Sir Marmaduke built a castle on the shore of the lake, for the protection of a pass where three roads united, and, soon after, a church and a mill ; and laid the foundation of a town, in which a Protestant colony was settled, and for which he obtained the grant of a market and two fairs. In 1641 the castle was dismantled, and the town and church were destroyed by fire ; in this desolate condition the place remained till 1688, when the church was rebuilt and the town began gradually to improve. It consists of one principal street, from which two smaller streets branch off; and contains 134 houses, most of them well built and of handsome appearance : the whole town has a cheerful and thriving aspect. The lake, which is supposed to have taken its name from the speckled trout with which it is said to have formerly abounded, comprises an area of about 70 Irish acres, and is bordered on its western side by the road to Belfast ; it forms the summit level of the Newry canal, to which its waters are conveyed through Lough Shark, and is itself supplied from a spring within, its superfluous water escaping through a sluice at the north-western extremity. Fairs are held on the third Tuesday in every month, for horses, cattle, pigs, and pedlcry. There are several seat.s in the immediate neighbourhood. The parish church, a handsome edifice with a square tower and octagonal spire, is situated in the centre of the town ; and nearly opposite to it is the Roman Catholic chapel, in the later English style, built at an expense of £1700 on a site presented by N. C. Whyte, Esq., who also gave £400 towards its erection. There are places of worship for Presbyterians and Primitive Methodists. On the shore of the lake is a modern house, erected in 1812 on the site of the ancient castle, which was then taken down. Tlie Danes, who had ravaged the north of Ireland, were defeated here by the Irish uuder Mac Lorriagh, in 1187.— See Aghaderg.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 110

38. Modernization and removal of Youghal's ancient walls

    Youghal · town · Cork

    Over the last half-century, Youghal expanded in all directions, removing its ancient walls except for portions on the western side and some flanking towers. On the site of the South Abbey, the Duke of Devonshire erected two ranges of handsome houses.

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    Within the last half century the town has extended itself in all directions ; the ancient walls, with the exception of portions at the western side and some strong flanking towers, have been removed, and a valuable piece of slab having been reclaimed by the corporation and their tenantry, Catherine-street, the Mall, and numerous extensive warehouses, have been built on it. At the southern extremity of the town, on the site of the South Abbey, two ranges of spacious and handsome houses have been erected, and an elegant and commodious hotel built, by the Duke of Devonshire ; on the north-west side of the town is Nelson-place ; and a ueat row of houses has been built on the east side. Most of the houses in the principal streets are either new, or have been modernised ; many of the ancient houses have been newly fronted, but may still be distinguished by their gable ends fronting the street, and their pointed doorways of stone. The town is much frequented during the summer for sea-bathing, for which it is well adapted, having a fine, smooth, and level strand extending nearly three miles along the western shore of the bay ; but as a watering-place it is deficient in the accommodation of good lodgings, which might be easily supplied by the erection of marine villas and lodging-houses at the Cork entrance to the town, along the declivity of the hill, which would command a pleasing prospect of the bay, the strand, and Capell Island. This would not only increase the number of visiters during the season, but induce many persons to take up their perraaraent abode in the town, which among other advantages, enjoys the benefit of cheap and well supplied markets, salubrity of atmosphere, central situation, and excellent society.

    The Bridge over the Blackwater, a mile and a half north-east from the town, was erected in 1830, after a

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 410

39. Mohill abbey founded by St. Manchan

    Mohill · town · Leitrim · 608–1621

    Mohill was the site of an abbey founded for Canons Regular in 608 and dedicated to the Virgin Mary by St. Manchan, patron of the Seven Churches, who died in 652. The abbey existed until the Dissolution, and its rectory was granted to Henry Crofton in 1621.

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    MOHILL, a market and post town, a parish, and the head of a union, partly in the barony and county of Longford, province of Leinster, and partly in the barony of Leitrim, but chiefly in the barony (jf Mo- HiLL, county of Leitrim, and province of Connaught, Si miles (S. E.) from Carrick-on-Shaunou, and 7-1^ (W. N. W.) from Dublin, on the coach-road to Sligo ; containing 17,918 inhabitants, of whom 1626 are in the town. This place was the site of an abbey founded for Canons Regular in 6O8, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary, by St. Manchan, the patron of the Seven Churches, who died in 652. The estabhshment, which was amply endowed with glebes, tithes, vassals' fees, and other lands, existed till the Dissolution ; and in 1621, the rectory, as part of its possessions, was granted to Henry Crofton, Esq., under the commission for the plantation of Leitrim. The town, which is neatly built, contains 295 houses ; and derives its chief trade from its situation on a public thoroughfare. In the excise arrangements it is within the district of Athlone. The market is on Thursday, and is well supplied with grain and provisions of every kind; the fairs are on Feb. 14th, Aprd 28th, July 21st, Oct. 9th (two days), and Dec. 4th. A chief constabulary police force is stationed here, as are also a troop of horse and two companies of foot ; and petty-sessions are held on alternate Tuesdays : a sessions-house is in course of erection.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 155

40. Mohill church built on old abbey site

    Mohill · town · Leitrim · 1815–1845

    The parish church of Mohill was built partly on the site of the old abbey founded by St. Manchan. It was constructed with a Board of First Fruits loan in 1815 and later repaired and enlarged.

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    The parish comprises 30,542 statute acres, of which 3715i are in the county of Longford : 19,450 are good arable and pasture land, 60 woodland, and upwards of 10,000 bog and waste ; the soil is generally fertile, but the system of agriculture has hitherto been much neglected, though at present exertions are being made for its improvement. Limestone abounds, and is quarried for agricultural purposes ; and there are some quarries of very good freestone, which is raised for building ; iron-ore is found, but no mines have been yet opened. The principal seats are Clooncar, Drumard, Drumrahan, Drumregan, Bonnybeg, and Aughamore. The scenery is greatly varied, and in some parts enlivened by the river Shannon, which skirts a portion of the parish on the south-west. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in Sir M. Crofton, Bart., who is also the proprietor of the town. The tithe rent-charge is £488. 12. 7., of which £163. 12. 7- are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The glebehouse was built in 1823, at an expense of £1569. 4., of which £969. 4. were a loan and £92. 6. a gift from the late Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 500 acres, valued at £380 per annum. The church, towards the erection of which the Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £378, in 1815, is built partly on the site of the old abbey, and was lately repaired by a grant of £768 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners : in 1845 it was considerably enlarged, at a cost of £210, given by the proprietor of the town. In the Roman Catholic divisions

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 155

41. Moira Castle, birthplace of the Marquess of Hastings

    near Moira · town · Down

    Moira Castle was the family residence and birthplace of the first Marquess of Hastings. His father was buried at Moira with what was said to be the largest funeral procession ever seen in Ireland, attended by upwards of 800 carriages.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rentcharge is £263. 16. 8. The glebe comprises 17 acres, valued at £.51 per annum ; the glebe-house, a handsome building, was erected in 1799, at an expense of £710, British currency. This was formerly part of the parish of Magheralin, and was made a distinct parish about 17'-25, shortly after which the church was erected, at the joint expense of Sir John Rawdon and the Earl of Hillsborough : it is a large Gothic edifice with a square tower surmounted by a spire, in excellent repair, and, from its situation on an eminence above the town, forms a beautiful object in this rich and well planted district. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district comprising Moira, Magheralin, and Aghalee ; in the two former are chapels. Here is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connexion with the Remonstrant Synod ; also one for those of the General Assembly, and places of worship for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. There are parochial schools at Moira and Lurganville, supported by Sir R. Bateson and the rector; likewise a school for females at Moira, established in 1820 by Lady Bateson, who built the school-house, a large and handsome edifice with a residence for the mistress attached, and by whom, also, the children are principally clothed. The interest of £200, equally bequeathed by Jasper and Samuel Waring, Esqrs., is distributed by the churchwardens to poor housekeepers. The first Earl of Moira bequeathed a sum of money, which, with some other legacies, amounts to nearly £400, the interest of which is annually dispensed. Moira gives the inferior title of Earl to the Marquess of Hastings ; the castle was formerly the family residence, and was the birth-place of the first Marquess, whose father was buried here. He is said to have had the largest funeral procession ever seen in Ireland ; it was attended by upwards of 800 carriages of various kinds, with a train of 4000 people, among whom 2000 hatbands and scarfs were distributed.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 156

42. Moira Demesne and castle site

    near Moira · town · Down

    The Moira demesne is extensive and well wooded, with many large and rare trees planted by the first Earl of Moira. A noble avenue leads to the site of the castle, long since demolished, now the property of Sir R. Bateson.

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    The TOWN, though small, is well built, and remarkably clean ; it is the property of Sir R. Bateson, Bart., and consists of one long spacious street, containing a court-house, a large handsome building erected by the proprietor, in which a manor-court is held, every three weeks, for the recovery of debts under £.5, by civil-bill and attachment. Petty-sessions are held here on alternate Mondays j and the place is a constabulary police station. Fairs take place on the first Thursday in February, May, Aug., and Nov., for black-cattle, pigs, agricultural produce, pedlery, &c. The principal seat is Waringfield. The Moira demesne is very extensive and well wooded, possessing many large and rare trees planted by the first Earl of Moira, with a noble avenue leading to the site of the castle, long since demolished : 340

    the demesne is now the property of Sir R. Bateson, whose residence is at Belvoir Park, in the adjoining county of Antrim.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 156

43. Moira linen manufacture and the Rawdon family

    near Moira · town · Down

    Moira was once celebrated for linen manufacture, with large quantities made, sold, and bleached in the town and neighbourhood. Its improvement was greatly attributable to Sir John Rawdon and the first Earl of Moira, who gave premiums and encouraged the trade.

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    MOIRA, MoYRAGH, or St. Inns of Moira, anciently called Mo I RATH, a post-town and parish, in the union of LuRGAN, barony of Lower Iveagh, county of Down, and province of Ulster, 13 miles (S. W.) from Belfast, on the road to Armagh, and 7 li (N.) from Dublin ; containing 4148 inhabitants, of whom 823 are in the town. In 637 a sanguinary battle between the exiled Congal Cloan, and Donald, King of Ireland, is said to have been fought here, which terminated in the defeat of Congal. The parish, which is on the river Lagan, the Ulster railway, and the Belfast and Lough Neagh canal, comprises 6096:1: statute acres, all rich arable land, under an excellent system of cultivation. It is at the western termination of a ridge of white limestone ; many kilns are always at work, and vast quantities of the stone in its natural state are annually sent away by the canal, and by land carriage, to distant parts. Here are also quarries of excellent basalt, in great request for building ; freestone is found of superior quality ; and there are thin seams of coal in several parts, which are not worked. An excellent line of road has been opened hence to Lisburn, and other improvements are in progress. Moira was at one time celebrated for the manufacture of linen, large quantities being made, sold, and bleached, in the town and neighbourhood : its improvement was greatly attributable to the fostering care of Sir John Rawdon, and to the first Earl of Moira, who gave premiums, and otherwise encouraged the manufacture. But it has long been on the decline, and little is now done in the market, the brown webs being chiefly sent to the market of Lisburn : yet there are some extensive manufacturers in and near the parish who give out the yarn as piecework.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 156

44. Moira parish church

    near Moira · town · Down · 1725

    The church at Moira was erected shortly after the parish was made distinct from Magheralin about 1725, at the joint expense of Sir John Rawdon and the Earl of Hillsborough. It is a large Gothic edifice with a square tower and spire on an eminence above the town.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rentcharge is £263. 16. 8. The glebe comprises 17 acres, valued at £.51 per annum ; the glebe-house, a handsome building, was erected in 1799, at an expense of £710, British currency. This was formerly part of the parish of Magheralin, and was made a distinct parish about 17'-25, shortly after which the church was erected, at the joint expense of Sir John Rawdon and the Earl of Hillsborough : it is a large Gothic edifice with a square tower surmounted by a spire, in excellent repair, and, from its situation on an eminence above the town, forms a beautiful object in this rich and well planted district. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district comprising Moira, Magheralin, and Aghalee ; in the two former are chapels. Here is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connexion with the Remonstrant Synod ; also one for those of the General Assembly, and places of worship for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. There are parochial schools at Moira and Lurganville, supported by Sir R. Bateson and the rector; likewise a school for females at Moira, established in 1820 by Lady Bateson, who built the school-house, a large and handsome edifice with a residence for the mistress attached, and by whom, also, the children are principally clothed. The interest of £200, equally bequeathed by Jasper and Samuel Waring, Esqrs., is distributed by the churchwardens to poor housekeepers. The first Earl of Moira bequeathed a sum of money, which, with some other legacies, amounts to nearly £400, the interest of which is annually dispensed. Moira gives the inferior title of Earl to the Marquess of Hastings ; the castle was formerly the family residence, and was the birth-place of the first Marquess, whose father was buried here. He is said to have had the largest funeral procession ever seen in Ireland ; it was attended by upwards of 800 carriages of various kinds, with a train of 4000 people, among whom 2000 hatbands and scarfs were distributed.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 156

45. Molahiffe Old Court and stone fort remains

    Molahiffe · parish · Kerry

    Remains exist of an ancient building called Old Court, of which no particulars are recorded. Nearby are vestiges of an ancient stone fort whose walls were said to have been of great strength, and whose materials were used in constructing Molahiffe Castle and the old church.

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    The LIVING is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, episcnpally united to the vicarages of Kilcrcdane and Kilbonane, together constituting the union of Molahiffe, in the patronage of W. Talbot Crosbie, Esq. : the rectory is impropriate. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £'.J40, one-half payable to the impropriator, and the other to the vicar ; and the entire vicarial tithe of the benefice amounts to £'286. 3. The church is a neat edifice with a square pinnacled tower, towards the erection of which the Board of First Fruits gave £900, in 1819. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish is included in the district of Fieries, which also comprises the parishes of Aglish and Kilcredane and contains the chapels of Fieries and Ballyhar : that of Fieries is a large building ; the other is in the parish of Kilcredane. Some remains exist of an ancient building called Old Court, of which no particulars are recorded ; and there are vestiges of an ancient stone fort, the walls of which are said to have been of great strength, and the materials to have been used in the construction of Molahiffe Castle and the old church. The ruins of the old church still remain : those of the castles of Molahiffe, Clonmellane, and Castle Fieries, are situated near the banks of the Maine ; they formerly belonged to the Mac Carthys, and are now the property of the Earl of Kenmare, whose ancestors resided at Molahiffe Castle. Near Old Court, and also near Castle Fieries, is a subterraneous cavern.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 157

46. Molahiffe subterraneous caverns

    Molahiffe · parish · Kerry

    Near Old Court and also near Castle Fieries there is a subterraneous cavern. The text gives no further details about these features.

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    The LIVING is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, episcnpally united to the vicarages of Kilcrcdane and Kilbonane, together constituting the union of Molahiffe, in the patronage of W. Talbot Crosbie, Esq. : the rectory is impropriate. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £'.J40, one-half payable to the impropriator, and the other to the vicar ; and the entire vicarial tithe of the benefice amounts to £'286. 3. The church is a neat edifice with a square pinnacled tower, towards the erection of which the Board of First Fruits gave £900, in 1819. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish is included in the district of Fieries, which also comprises the parishes of Aglish and Kilcredane and contains the chapels of Fieries and Ballyhar : that of Fieries is a large building ; the other is in the parish of Kilcredane. Some remains exist of an ancient building called Old Court, of which no particulars are recorded ; and there are vestiges of an ancient stone fort, the walls of which are said to have been of great strength, and the materials to have been used in the construction of Molahiffe Castle and the old church. The ruins of the old church still remain : those of the castles of Molahiffe, Clonmellane, and Castle Fieries, are situated near the banks of the Maine ; they formerly belonged to the Mac Carthys, and are now the property of the Earl of Kenmare, whose ancestors resided at Molahiffe Castle. Near Old Court, and also near Castle Fieries, is a subterraneous cavern.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 157

47. Monaghan abbey destroyed, castle built on site

    Monaghan · town · Monaghan

    The abbey of Monaghan is utterly destroyed, with a castle having been erected on its site. The castle of Monaghan was noticed by Sir John Davies as being in a state of ruinous neglect.

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    third of very considerable dimensions, but now almost concealed by plantations, may be seen at Fort Singleton, near Eniyvale. Near Carrickmacross are the ruins of a Druidical temple, consisting of an oblong mound of earth inclosed by a circuit of large upright stones. Wicker hurdles of very curious workmanship have been found iu the bogs, in a high state of preservation ; they appear to have been carried thither by parties on a marauding expedition, for the purpose of crossing the bog, and, having been left behind in the hurry of advance or retreat, were gradually imbedded. A curious relic is preserved at Knockbuy, near the town of Monaghan ; it is called the " Balaghdthownagh," and consists of a bo,\, about the size of a thick folio volume, containing a crucifix and some relics. It is kept with the greatest veneration as a kind of heir-loom in the Bradley family, and is used as an attestation of innocence for imputed crimes which do not admit of the usual kind of evidence ; when let out on an occasion of this kind, valuable security is always required for its restoration. No county in Ireland has so few vestiges of monastic buildings. The abbey of Clones is the only one of which any remains exist : that of Monaghan is utterly destroyed, a castle having been erected on its site ; the wealthy abbey of Tyhallon is known only by name. The castle of Monaghan is noticed by Sir John Davies, in his account of the lord-deputy's tour through the county, as being then in a state of ruinous neglect. The ruins of the old mansion-house of Castle-Blayney are still standing, but are so close to the modern building as to injure the appearance of both : there are also the ruins of an old building in the same demesne, bearing, however, no resemblance to a religious structure ; the walls are very massive, but the ruins are so overgrown with trees as to render inspection very difficult. At Vicar's Dale, in Donaghmoyne, are the ruins of a castle ; and near Dawson Lodge, those of another, called Maghernacligh.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 162

48. Monaghan incorporated as parliamentary borough by James I

    Monaghan · town · Monaghan · 1613

    The town, having begun to increase in population and extent, was made a parliamentary borough in 1613. The inhabitants were incorporated by charter of James I under the designation of the Provost, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Monaghan.

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    ing settlement of Ulster, when the Lord-Deputy came to this place to make some arrangements respecting the forfeited lands, it was so destitute of requisite habitations, that he was under the necessity of pitching tents for his accommodation. On this occasion, the Lord- Deputy was attended by the Lord- Chancellor and judges of assize, and by the attorney-general, the celebrated Sir John Davies, who describes the place as consisting mainly of a few scattered cabins occupied by the retired soldiers of Blayney's garrison. Besides the fort already mentioned, which was on the north side of the village, he notices another in the centre of it, which had been raised only 10 or 12 feet above the ground, and was then lying in a neglected state, although £1200 had been expended on it by the king, as a means of retaining the native inhabitants of the district in subjection. The Lord-Deputy divided several neighbouring " ballibetaghs " among the soldiers residing in the town ; and as the fort at this time depended on Newry for its supplies, which, from the hostiUty of the intervening country, were frequently precarious, he granted to Sir Edward Blayney a portion of land on which was afterwards erected the fortress of Castle Blayney. In 1611, Sir Edward obtained the grant of a market and fair. The town, which now began to increase in population and extent, was, in 1613, made a parliamentary borough; and the inhabitants were incorporated by a charter of James I., under the designation of the " Provost, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Monaghan."

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 163

49. Monaghan monastery plundered 830 and 931

    Monaghan · town · Monaghan · 830–1161

    A monastery at Monaghan, of which St. Moclodius son of Acdh was abbot, was plundered in 830 and again in 931 according to the Annals of the Four Masters. It flourished for more than two centuries with abbots, deans, and archdeacons regularly recorded until 1161.

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    MONAGHAN, a markettown and parish, the chief town of the county, the head of a union, and formerly a parliamentary borough, in the barony and county of Monaghan, and province of i Ulster, 19,^ miles (W. S. \\.) from Armagh, and 60 (N. N. \V.) from Dublin, on the coach-road to Londonderry; containing 1'2, 160 inhabitants, of whom 4130 are in the town. This place, till within a comparatively modern period, was distinguished only by a monastery, of which St. Moclodius, the son of Acdh, was abbot ; and which, according to the Annals of the Four Masters, was plundered in 830, and again in 931. The monastery appears from the same authority to have flourished for more than two centuries ; and the names of its abbots, deans, and archdeacons (among the first-named of whom was Abbot Ellas, the principal of all the monks of Ireland, who died in Cologne in 1042) are regularly preserved till the year ll6l, after which date no further mention of it occurs. Phelim Mac Mahon, in 1462, founded on the site of the ancient abbey a monastery for Conventual Franciscans, which at the Dissolution was granted to Edward Withe ; even at that time, no place deserving the name of a village had arisen near the monastery, and the whole of this part of the country, under its native chiefs, the Mac Mahons, still retained the ancient customs.

    About the commencement of the I'th century. Sir Edward Blayney, who had been appointed seneschal of the county, erected a small fort here, which he garrisoned with one company of foot ; but on the approach-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 162

50. Monanimy Castle attributed to Knights Templars or Nagles

    Monanimy · parish · Cork

    The castle of Monanimy is variously attributed to the Knights Templars or to the Nagle family, after whom the Nagle mountains are named. It has been fitted up and is occupied by a respectable farmer.

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    The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £300. The church, a small neat building with a tower and spire, is situated on the northern bank of the Blackwater: it was erected in 181 1, on the site of an ancient commandery of Knights Hospitallers that formerly existed here, by aid of a gift of £800 from the Board of First Fruits ; it was new roofed and repaired in 18'27, by the parishioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Kealavollen, comprising also Clenore and Wallstown, and containing the chapels of Kealavollen and Anakissy : the latter is in the parish of Clenore ; the former, a small plain building, has been rebuilt on a site given by Jas. Hennessy, Esq. There is a small cottage residence for the parish priest. A school of about 80 children was till lately maintained by a bequest of £18 per annum from the late Jos. Nagle, Esq., of Ballygriffin, for 30 years from 1814. The castle of Monanimy is by some supposed to have been built by the Knights Templars ; while by others, it and the castle of Carrigacunna are said to have been erected by the Nagles, after whom the " Nagle mountains " are named. The former has been fitted up, and is now occupied by a respectable farmer. Of the ancient commandery, nothing now remains but a few fragments of a wall near the church. The celebrated Edmund Burke passed his early childhood at Ballyduff, in this parish, the seat of his maternal grandfather, where he remained about five years ; and received the first rudiments of his education at the ruined castle of Monanimy, in which a sort of hedge school was then held. He always retained a great partiality for these places, which he often revisited in subsequent years. — See Kealavollen.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 165

51. Monard iron-works in Whitechurch glen

    Whitechurch · town · Cork

    Located in a romantic glen on the western boundary of Whitechurch parish are the Monard iron-works, an extensive manufacturer of spades and shovels with a dye-wood mill. The glen is handsomely planted and features ponds, weirs, and buildings, creating a picturesque landscape.

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    WHITECHURCH, or Templegall, a parish, partly in the baronies of Barretts and Barry.more, but chiefly in the barony of Cork, union and county of Cork, and province of Munster, 5 miles (N. W.) from Cork, on the road to Limerick ; containing 336S inhabitants. This parish comprises 10,515 statute acres. The land is generally cold, and the soil light, resting on a substratum of clay-slate ; it is chiefly under tillage, but there are some large dairy-farms : the proximity of the city affords the facility of procuring an abundant supply of manure, and from the exertions of the Rev. Mr. Horgan and others the system of agriculture is rapidly advancing. A line of road lately opened from Cork by the perseverance of A. Beale, Esq., proprietor of the Monard iron-works, has stimulated the farmers to clear their rocky grounds ; and having established a trade with the city for flags and building-stone, they are deriving an immediate profit in preparing their waste land for future cultivation. This road was constructed at an expense of about £400, of which the grand jury gave £190, three gentlemen of the neighbourhood gave £25 each, and the remainder was defrayed by Mr. Beale. In a romantic glen on the western boundary of the parish are the iron-works, an extensive manufactory for spades and shovels, to which is attached a dye-wood mill. A copious and powerful stream, which, after running for two or three miles in a line with the Mallow road, enters the glen, gives motion to the six water-wheels of these works, which occupy three fine sites supplied by spacious ponds rising one above the other, the iron-works being attached to the first and second, and the dye-wood mill to the third fall. The glen is handsomely planted, and, with the ponds, weirs, and buildings, presents a very picturesque and animated appearance. The Uving is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rent-charge is £588. 9. The church, rebuilt in 1800, is a spacious structure in the early English style, with a square tower surmounted by a low spire. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Garrycloyne, or Blarney : the chapel is a large and very neat edifice, and near it is a tower, erected in \b.H

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 402

52. Monasterboice monastery founded by St. Boetius, plundered and burned

    Monasterboice · townland · Louth · 521–1117

    The monastery of Monasterboice was founded by St. Bute or Boetius, son of Bronagh, who died in 521. It was plundered in 968, destroyed by fire in 1097, and its last known abbot died in 1117.

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    MONASTERBOICE, a parish, in the poor-law union of Drogheda, barony of Ferrard, county of Louth, and province of Leinster, 2^ miles (E. S. E.) from Collon, and near the road from Drogheda to Dunleer ; containing 801 inhabitants. This place is chiefly distinguished for the remains of the monastery from which it derived its name, founded by St. Bute or Boetius, the son of Bronagh, who died in 521 ; it was plundered in 968, and in 1097 was destroyed by fire. From this time it appears to have subsisted only for a few years ; the last abbot of whom any notice occurs died in 1117. The parish comprises 23l6i statute acres, most of which is good land, and in a profitable state of cultivation. Monasterboice, the seat of W. Drummoud Delap, Esq., who has a large estate here and is planting on an extensive scale, is undergoing great improvement, and a spacious new mansion has been just erected by the proprietor. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, forming part of the union of Dunleer ; the tithe rent-charge is £87. 9. The ruins of the monastery are of very interesting character : at a short distance from each other are the walls and gables of two churches or chapels, the architecture of which denotes great antiquity ; the windows are of freestone, but the rest of the building is of a slaty stone found in the surrounding hills. On the south side of the western church are two elaborately sculptured stone crosses, one 18 and the other 16 feet high. The larger, apparently formed of an entire stone, and called St. Boyne's Cross, has near its base some obliterated characters, supposed to be traces of the name Muredach, King of Ireland, who died in 534 : the arms are inclosed within a circle, and the shaft and other parts are ornamented with figures sculptured in relief, which, though much defaced, appear to have represented scriptural subjects ; on one

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 165

53. Monasterboice sculptured stone crosses and St. Boyne's Cross

    Monasterboice · townland · Louth

    Two elaborately sculptured stone crosses stand on the south side of the western church at Monasterboice, one 18 and the other 16 feet high. The larger, called St. Boyne's Cross, bears obliterated characters possibly naming Muredach, King of Ireland, who died in 534.

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    MONASTERBOICE, a parish, in the poor-law union of Drogheda, barony of Ferrard, county of Louth, and province of Leinster, 2^ miles (E. S. E.) from Collon, and near the road from Drogheda to Dunleer ; containing 801 inhabitants. This place is chiefly distinguished for the remains of the monastery from which it derived its name, founded by St. Bute or Boetius, the son of Bronagh, who died in 521 ; it was plundered in 968, and in 1097 was destroyed by fire. From this time it appears to have subsisted only for a few years ; the last abbot of whom any notice occurs died in 1117. The parish comprises 23l6i statute acres, most of which is good land, and in a profitable state of cultivation. Monasterboice, the seat of W. Drummoud Delap, Esq., who has a large estate here and is planting on an extensive scale, is undergoing great improvement, and a spacious new mansion has been just erected by the proprietor. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, forming part of the union of Dunleer ; the tithe rent-charge is £87. 9. The ruins of the monastery are of very interesting character : at a short distance from each other are the walls and gables of two churches or chapels, the architecture of which denotes great antiquity ; the windows are of freestone, but the rest of the building is of a slaty stone found in the surrounding hills. On the south side of the western church are two elaborately sculptured stone crosses, one 18 and the other 16 feet high. The larger, apparently formed of an entire stone, and called St. Boyne's Cross, has near its base some obliterated characters, supposed to be traces of the name Muredach, King of Ireland, who died in 534 : the arms are inclosed within a circle, and the shaft and other parts are ornamented with figures sculptured in relief, which, though much defaced, appear to have represented scriptural subjects ; on one

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 165

54. Monastereven church consecrated 1772 by Earl of Drogheda

    Monasterevin · town · Kildare · 1772–1815

    The church at Monastereven was built at the sole expense of Charles, Earl (afterwards Marquess) of Drogheda and consecrated on the 8th of May, 1772, in lieu of a previous church situated within the demesne. Its square tower is overspread with ivy planted in 1815 by the incumbent, the Rev. Charles Moore.

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    The PARISH comprises 7142 statute acres, comprehending an extremely large tract of bog, which affords employment to many persons, who procure fuel not only for the supply of the brewery and distillery and of the town and neighbourhood, but also for the supply of the Dublin markets, whither it is conveyed by the canal. There are some quarries of good limestone, used for buildings in which hewn stone is not required, and also burnt into lime for manure. Moore Abbey, the property of the Marquess of Drogheda, is a spacious mansion, erected on the site of the ancient conventual buildings, of which the only remains are some sculptured ornaments inserted into the gable end of the domestic chapel : in the entrance-hall, which is wainscoted with oak, Loftus, Viscount Ely, is said to have held the court of chancery in 1641. It is situated in an extensive and greatly improved demesne, near the banks of the river Barrow. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Kildare, and in the patronage of the Marquess, in whom the rectory is impropriate : the tithe rentcharge is £96. 19- The church has a square tower overspread with ivy, planted in 1815 by the incumbent, the Rev. Charles Moore, and was recently repaired by a grant of £880 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners ; it was built at the sole expense of Charles, Earl (afterwards Marquess) of Drogheda, and consecrated on the Sth of ;May, 1*72, in lieu of one which was situated within their demesne. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Kildangan, Nurney, Donany, and parts of those of Lea, Ballybracken, Harristown, and Walterstown : the chapel is a plain cruciform structure ; a handsome new chapel is now in course of erection. There are places of worship for Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists. The parochial school, for which a good school-house, with apartments for the master and mistress, was erected on a plot of ground given by the Rev. H. Moore, partly with £400 presented by the trustees of the Marquess of Drogheda's estates, is supported by the incumbent, by a grant of £20 per annum from the Marquess of Drogheda, and by subscription. An infants' school has been built, and is supported, at the

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 167

55. Monasterevin Abbey converted to Moore family seat

    Monasterevin · town · Kildare

    The abbey at Monasterevin was converted into the residence of the Moore family, whose representative was the Marquess of Drogheda.

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    There were many celebrated and richly endowed monastic institutions in the county. At Athy was one for Crouched friars and another for Dominicans. Castledermot possessed a priory for Regular Canons, a house of Crouched friars, and a Franciscan abbey, the ruins of which last still serve to attest its former magnificence. The ruins of another Franciscan abbey are to be seen at Clane, where was also a house for Regular Canons. At Graney are the ruins of an Augustinian nunnery ; and a gateway and some other remains of a monastic building, said to have belonged to the Knights Templars, are still shewn there. The ruins of Great Connell Abbey are on the banks of the Liffey, near Newbridge. In Kildare was a nunnery and abbey united, founded by St. Bridget, and of which the ruins are still pointed out ; also an abbey of Grey friars, situated south of the town, and a house of Carmelites or White friars. At Old Kilcullen is a monastery as old as the time of St. Patrick, which in 11 15 was elevated to the dignity of an episcopal see ; but it does not appear that it long retained that rank. Near the ruins of the old church are the remains of two crosses, one of which still retains some very curious specimens of ancient sculpture. Maynooth had a convent of Black nuns, and a college of priests founded by the Earl of Kildare ; the abbey of Killossy has been converted into the parish church, and is remarkable for the singularity of the architecture of its steeple tower ; the monastery of Kilrush was surrounded by a broad ditch faced with masonry ten feet high ; the abbey of Monastereven has been converted into the residence of the Moore family, the representative of which is the Marquess of Drogheda. At Moone was a Franciscan friary, the brotherhood of which retained possession of it subsequently to the Reformation : here is a fragment of a very old cross, one of the most curious in Ireland, covered with numerous grotesque figures. In Naas were three religious establishments ; namely, a convent of Augustiniaus, another of Dominicans, and one for friars Eremites of the order of St. Augustine. Some remains

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 20

56. Monaster in Oriel ruined religious building in Kilgarvan

    Kilgarvan · townland · Kerry

    A ruined religious building called Monaster in Oriel was located in the parish of Kilgarvan. It was distinct from the larger religious houses but preserved as an ancient ecclesiastical site.

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    The VESTIGES of ANTIQUITY Scattered over the county are very numerous, though the most common are merely the traces of the military struggles of which it has been the scene. It had formerly three of the ancient round towers, of which the one that stood near the cathedral oi Ardfert fell in 1771 ; of another, at Aghadue about 20 feet remain ; and the third is still standing nearly entire at Rattoo. Stuigiif fort, in the parish of Kilcrohane, is an extraordinary circular building of the most remote date : there is another stone fort with seats around it, about three miles distant, but in ruins, from the inferior solidity of its workmanship ; and a similar inclosure is to be seen in Iveragh, on the opposite side of the river to Cahirciveen. Perhaps of a remoter age are the Ogham inscriptions near the church of Kilmelchedor, not far from Sraerwick harbour ; where there is another inscription in a running character of various ancient letters. At Ballysteeny is likewise a stone with an Ogham inscription ; and, in the ruined church of Aghadoe, another. Among the most curious of the ancient fortifications is the circular inclosure at Caherdonnel, which is attributed to the Danes ; and on the mountain of Cahirconree, or " the fortress of King Con," is a circle of massive stones, also piled in the manner of a Danish intrenchment. There is a Danish camp, called Caher Truiit, on the shores of Ventry haven ; and another at Rathanaiie, in the same vicinity. Clee Riiadh, or the Red Ditch, is a singular line of defence, commencing at a place called Caher Carbery, near Kerry Head, and carried eastward to the Cashen river, beyond which it re-appears ; proceeding over Knockanure mountain, it enters Limerick county, where all traces of it are lost. It is conjectured to have been a line of demarcation between the principalities of Thomond and Desmond. The most curious of the minor remains of the more remote ages is the bronze instrument, resembling a kettle-drum, found at Muckross, and now deposited in Charlemont House, Dubhn. Eighteen Religious Houses are said to have anciently existed in this county ; and there are remains of those of Aghamore or Derrynanc, Ardfert, Ballinaskellig, Innisfallen, Irrelagh or Muckross, Killagh or de Bello Loco (in the parish of Kilcoleman), Lislaghtin, O'Dorney or Kjnrie Eleison, and Rattoo or Rathtoy. There are also the ruins of the ancient cathedrals of Ardfert and Aghadoe ; a ruined religious building, called Monaster in Oriel, in the parish of Kilgarvan ; chapels or cells, built entirely of stone with arched roofs, on Skellig and Blasquet Islands, from the former of which the abbey of Ballinaskellig was removed to the main land ; a curious church and cell, dedicated to St. Finian, on an island in Lough Currane, in the parish of Dromod ; a stone-roofed cell at Fane, in the parish of Ventry ; one also at Kelmelchedor j one near Gallerus, at the 15

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 11

57. Monasteroris abbey founded by Birmingham family

    Monasteroris · townland · Offaly

    The abbey of Monasteroris was founded by a member of the Birmingham family in a district then called Thotmoy, in King's County.

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    The most ancient relic of anticiuity is a ruin called the White Obelisk, or Temple of the Sun, in the Slieve- Bloom mountains, being a large pyramid of white stones. Danish raths are common : a chain of fortified moats commanding toghers or bog-passes e.vtends through the county. Ballykillen Fort was a famous rath, in the centre of which was a vault where some curious relics^ were found. The number of religious establishments in the county appears to have been very great in proportion to its e.xtent. Of the existing remains the most remarkable are the ruins at Clonmacnois. Of the other religious establishments, there are still vestiges of those of Clonfertmulloe, Drumcullin, Kilcolman, Killegally, Rathbeg, and Reyuagh, which have been converted into parish churches. At Killeigh, now a small village, were three religious houses. Durrow was the site of a sumptuous abbey founded by St. Columb ; the abbey of Monasteroris was founded by one of the Birmingham family, in a district then called Thotmoy ; Seirkyran Abbey was founded by St. Kieran, near Ballybritt. The abbeys of Clonemore, Glinn, Kilbian, Kilcomin, Kilhualleach, Killiadhuin, Liethmore, Lynally, Mugna, Rathlibthen, and Tuilim, are known only by name. The ruins of ancient castles are numerous ; most of the baronies take their names from some one of them. Several are stiU kept up as the mansions of the proprietors ; but the greater number are in ruins. Those deserving special notice, together with the modern mansions of the nobility and gentry, are described under the heads of their respective parishes.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

58. Monastery converted to castle at Port on the Shannon

    Port · townland · Leitrim

    At Port in Kiltoghart parish are the remains of a monastery that was converted into a castle to command the ford across the Shannon. The site represents a strategic riverside fortification.

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    KILTOGHART, a parish, in the union of Carrickon-Shannon, barony and county of Leitrim, and province of Connaught ; containing, with part of the post-town of Carrick-on-Shannon, and the villages of Drumshambo, Leitrim, and Jamestown (which are separately described), 17,-")S1 inhabitants, of whom 484 are in the village of Kiltoghart. It comprises 30,494f statute acres : the land is chiefly under tillage, and there is much bog and mountain, with quarries of freestone and limestone. Part of the mountain Slieve-anirin, and several small lakes, are in this parish ; in which likewise rise the hills of Sheemore, said to contain caves of considerable depth. The principal seats are Jamestown Lodge, Port, Lismore Lodge, Caldra Lodge, Castlecarrow, Newbrook, and Keon Brook. At Drumhearny, extensive plantations have been laid out by P. Latouche, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh ; and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rent-charge is £450. 15. The glebe-house was erected by a gift of £100 and a loan of £1050 from the Board of First Fruits, in 1819, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £174 for its repair : the glebe comprises 279 acres. There is a church at Carrick-on-Shannon, and one at Drumshambo. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms two districts ; one called Kiltoghart and Gowel, which has chapels at Carrick-on-Shannon, Jamestown, and Gowel ; the other called Kiltoghart-Murhane, which has a chapel at Murhane. There are a Primitive and a AVesleyan Methodist meeting-house at Carrick-on-Shannon, and a Wesleyan Methodist meeting-house at Drumshambo. To one of the numerous schools Mr. Latouche allows a house and three acres of land, besides subscribing £15 annually; and to another the Earl of Besborough subscribes £5. 5. At Port are the remains of a monastery, which was converted into a castle to command the ford across the Shannon.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57

59. Monastery of Linn Huachuille at Magheralin

    near Magheralin · parish · Down · 699

    The monastery of Linn Huachuille stood at Magheralin, founded by St. Colman (or Mocholmoc) who died in 699. Its remains are thought to be the massive walls on the north side of the churchyard; one townland in the parish still bears the name Linn Huachuille.

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    MAGHERALIN, or Maralin, a parish, in the poor-law union of Lurgan, partly in the barony of O'Neilland East, county of Armagh, but chiefly in that of Lower Iveagh, county of Down, and province of Ulster, li mile (S. W.) from Moira ; on the river Lagan, and at the junction of the roads from Armagh to Belfast, from Moira to Lurgan, and from Banbridge to Antrim ; containing 5476 inhabitants, of whom 342 are in the village. Here stood the monastery of Linn Huachuille (one townland in the parish being yet called by that name), the remains of which are by some thought to be the massive walls oA the north side of the <296

    churchyard ; it was founded by St. Colman, or Mocholmoc, who died in 699. The ancient palace of the bishops of Dromore was close to the village, on the site now occupied by the parochial school ; the last prelate who resided in it was Bishop Marley. The parish contains, according to the Ordnance survey, 8293^ statute acres, of which 486;^ are in the county of Armagh, and the remainder in the county of Down. The lands are all in tillage, with the exception of a portion of meadow : the system of agriculture is improved. Here are extensive quarries of limestone, and several kilns, from which lime is sent into the counties of Antrim, Armagh, and Down ; this being the western termination of the great limestone formation that rises near the Giant's Causeway. There are also good quarries of basalt much used in building, which dresses easily under the tool ; and coal and freestone are found in the parish, but neither has been extensively worked. A new line of road has been formed hence to Lurgan, a distance of 25 miles, and an excavation made through the village. An extensive establishment at Springfield, for the manufacture of cambrics, affords employment for 250 persons ; and at Milltown, a bleach-green annually finishes upwards of 10,000 pieces for the English market. The principal seats are Grace Hall, Druinnabreze, Newforge, Springfield, Edenmore, and Kircassock.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 129

60. Monastery of Monderhilt and St. Laserian, Offerlane

    Offerlane · parish · Laois · 600

    In the parish of Offerlane, Queen's County, ruins exist of the old monastery of Monderhilt, of which St. Laserian was abbot about the year 600. Several raths are also found in the parish.

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    bad a condition as to be condemned as unsafe for use ; a new building has been lately erected near it, at a cost of £1535, of which £1211 were given by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and £324 were raised by subscription. The glebe-house stands on a glebe of 254 acres, of which 120 are bog and mountain. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; it is called Underwoods, and contains four chapels, one at Cormorass, one at Rushall, one at Castletown, and one at Killinure. There is a dispensary at Cooleraine. Ruins exist of the old monastery of Monderhilt, of which St. Laserian was abbot about the year 600 ; and of a church at Churchtown near Castletown : there are also remains of the castles of Sharahane and Castletown, and ruins of a castle at Rushall. Several raths are in the parish. — See Castletown.

    OGASHIN.— See Quinn.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 219