A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Old Merrion village and ivied castle ruins near Dublin Bay

   Merrion · townland · Dublin

   Old Merrion is a village situated on the south side of Dublin Bay, with several neat villas and handsome seats. In the demesne of Merrion Castle are the ivied ruins of the castle from which it derives its name, and at the village is an old burial-ground still generally used.

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   MERRION, OLD, a village, in the parish of St. Mary's, Donnybrook, union of South Dublin, barony and county of Dublin, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (S. E. by S.) from the General Post-Office ; containing 523 inhabitants. It is situated on the south side of the bay of Dublin, the strand of which is here crossed by the Kingstown railway. Several neat villas are occupied during the summer months by visiters resorting hither for the benefit of sea-bathing, for which purpose the fine broad and firm strand at this place is well adapted ; and in the immediate vicinity are handsome seats, commanding views of the bay. The principal are Elm Park, Bloomfield, Merrion Castle, and Merrion Hall. Here are also the extensive nursery grounds of Messrs. Simpson, from the dwelling-house in the centre of which is obtained a view of the Hill of Howth and the sea ; and there is a pleasing drive through the grounds, from the Rock road to the road to Donnybrook. In the demesne of Merrion Castle are the ivied ruins of the castle from which it derives its name ; and at the village is an old burial-ground, still generally used.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 150

2. Old parish church destroyed 1641 on abbey site

   Tamlaght · townland · Derry · 1641

   The ruins of the old parish church at Tamlaght, destroyed during the war of 1641, occupy the site of a former abbey. This links the parish to both medieval monastic and plantation-era history.

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   forms part of the district of Ncwtown-Limavady : the chapel is situated at Oghill, near Ballykelly ; in which latter place is a large meeting-house for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, i)uilt by the Fishmongers' Company in 18'i7, iu the Grecian style. At Largy and Myroe are also meeting-houses of Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly. Handsome male and female schools, with residences for the teachers, have been erected by the company, and are conducted under its patronage on the most improved system ; the parochial male and female schools, at Tamlaght, were built by the rector in 1832, and are supported by him ; two others in the parish were built and are supported by the Fishmongers' company ; one at Glasvey, is in connexion with the London Hibernian Society; and there are schools elsewhere, and a large dispensary at Ballykelly. The remains of Walworth Castle, erected by the Fishmongers' Company in I6l9, shew it to have been a large and spacious edifice, defended by a bawn and flankers, three of which are still in a tolerable state of preservation. Closely adjoining are the remains of a church, built by the Hamilton family in 16'29. The ruins of the old parish church, which was destroyed in the war of 1641, occupy the site of the abbey. There are numerous raths, of which that called Daisy Hill, in Roe Park, and another near it, called Rough Fort, are the most remarkable.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 314

3. Old parish church ruins at Stonehall

   Stonehall · townland · Westmeath

   The parish of Stonehall borders the picturesque portion of Lough Derravaragh, over which rises the hill of Knockbody. Vestiges of the old parish church survive on the side of a small lake at the bottom of high hills to the west.

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   STONEHALL, a parish, in the union of Mxjllin- GAR, barony of Corkaree, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, 6^ miles (N.) from MuUingar, and on the road from Rathowen to Castletown Delvin ; containing 635 inhabitants. This parish, which comprises 3601 statute acres of land, borders on the northeast upon the most picturesque portion of Lough Dereveragh, over which rises the hill of Knockbody, commanding a view of a range of heights to the south : to the west are other high hills, at the bottom of which, and on the side of a small lake, are vestiges of the old parish church. The land is chiefly under tillage, with some bog, marshy land, and mountain. The principal seat is Mornington. Stonehall is in the diocese of Meath, and is one of the three parishes forming the union ot Taghmon, or Multifarnham ; but the tithe rent charge, amounting to £67. 10., is wholly impropriate in the Marquess of Headfort. There is also a perpetual curacy, comprising the parishes, of Stonehall and Multifarnham, and in the patronage of the Incumbent of Taghmon ; the income of the perpetual cnrate is £1 13. '2., arising from £64. 12. payable by the rector of Taghmon, £3* from the augmentation fund of Primate Boulter, and a glebe of 1 |i acres valued at £11. 10. per annum. The glebe-house, which is li mile from the church, was built in 1 8 17 by a gift of £450 and a loan of £50 from the late Board of First Fruits : both glebehouse and glebe are in the parish of Multifarnham. The church, a plain badly constructed edifice, in indifferent repair, was built in 1H09 by a gift of £600 from the same Board. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Rathconnell. In the hill of Polnagoth is a remarkable cavern of considerable depth.

   STONEPOUND, barony of Bantry, county of Wexford. — See Clonroche.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 299

4. Old rath on Rathsallagh townland

   Rathsallagh · townland · Wicklow

   An old rath stands on the townland of Rathsallagh, giving the parish its name. The parish is in the barony of Upper Talbotstown, County Wicklow.

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   RATHSALLAGH, a parish, in the union of Bal- TiNGLASS, barony of Upper Talbotstown, county of WicKLow, and province of Leinster, I mile (S.) from Dunlavan, on the road to Baltinglass ; containing 226 inhabitants. The parish is situated on the western boundary of the county, and comprises 1776^ statute acres : agriculture is improving ; the principal crops are oats and potatoes. It belongs entirely to E. Pennefather, Esq., whose mansion is the only gentleman's seat, though there are several respectable farm-houses. One of the largest fairs in the kingdom is held here on Sept. 4th, for horses, cattle, sheep, and pigs. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin and Glendalough, forming part of the union of Dunlavan ; the rectory is appropriate to the Dean and Chapter of St. Patrick's cathedral. Dublin, and the tithe rent-charge is £58. J., of which £36. 18. are payable to the appropriators, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is also within the union or district of Dunlavan. In the demesne of Rathsallagh is a school, maintained by the Pennefather family. There is an old rath on the townland of Rathsallagh.

   RA^HSARAN, a parish, in the union of Roscrea, barony of Clandonagh, Queen's county, and province of Leinster, 2| miles (W.) from Rathdowney, and on the road from Dublin to Thurles; containing 965 inhabitants. This parish comprises 2291 statute acres. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £97. 10., and the glebe comprises 114 acres. The glebe-house was erected by aid of £250, and a loan of £550, in 1820, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church was built in 1807, by aid of £500 from the same Board. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Rathdowney, and contains a chapel.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 253

5. Old rath, religious house and church ruins at Rathvilly

   Rathvilly · town · Carlow

   Near the village of Rathvilly is an old rath from which the place takes its name, along with remains of a religious house called Erchorn and a ruined church called Cloughafaile.

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   On the townland of Tobinstown is a cromlech : at the west end are two pillar-stones, eight feet high ; the table-stone is twenty-three feet long, and at the west end is eight feet broad, but at the other, which rests on small stones elevated about a foot from the ground, is only six. The thickness at the upper end is four feet, at the lower two ; the under surface is plain and even, but the upper is convex. Along the sides are several upright stones, of from three to six feet, rendering the space underneath an inclosed room, entered between the two tall uprights : from this entrance is a sort of avenue, forty yards long, formed by small irregular artificial hillocks. The whole is in a low plain field, near a rivulet, on the road from TuUow to Hacketstown. On the townland of Waterstown is a rude stone cross, seven feet high, where the parish church is supposed originally to have stood. Near the village is an old rath, from which the name of the place appears to have been taken. Here are remains of a religious house called Erchorn ; also a ruin of a church, called Cloughafaile.

   RATH WIRE, a village, in the parish of Killccan, union of Mvllingar, barony of Farbill, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, about 3 miles (X. N. W.) from Kinnegad, near the road to Killucan ; containing 258 inhabitants. The barony of Farbill was formerly called the manor of Rathwire ; it was granted by Edward I. to Mortimer, Earl of March, and afterwards by Edward III., in the ninth year of his reign, to Sir John D'Arcy, the then chief governor of Ireland. Here is a spacious Roman Catholic chapel, being one of the two belonging to the district of Killucan. Some ves- 3 O 2

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 254

6. Oldstone horse fair granted by Henry VI

   Oldstone · townland · Antrim · 1422–1461

   A fair originally granted by Henry VI is held annually on June 12th in the village of Oldstone and is described as the largest horse-fair in the province.

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   The whole of the grange, which is extra-parochial, is in the highest state of cultivation, and is drained, fenced, planted, and stocked, upon the English system. Muckamore House, Greenmount, The Lodge, and New Lodge, are handsome mansions delightfully situated in grounds tastefully and elegantly laid out. Close to the ruins-of the abbey, and on the Six-mile-water, is a very extensive bleach-green, at which more than 80,000 pieces of linen are annually finished for the London market ; on the same river are another bleach-green on a smaller scale, an extensive paper-manufactory, and one of the most complete flour mills in the county, in which ^SOO tons of grain are annually ground. These works afford employment to the labouring population of the liberty, and also to many from the town of Antrim. The fair granted by Henry VI. is held in the village of Oldstone, on the l'2th of June, and is the largest horse-fair in the province. The members of the Established Church attend divine service in the church of Antrim. Within the liberty are several raths and forts, two of the first of which are very extensive and in a perfect state ; there are also remains of cromlechs. Among the ruins of the abbey, two silver candlesticks and other valuable relies are said to have been discovered some years since.

   MUCKINISH, an island, in the parish and barony of BvRRisnooLE, union of Westport, county of May j, and province of Connaught. It lies in Newport bay, and comprises '26 statute acres.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 185

7. Oldtown cattle fair in Leck parish

   Oldtown · townland · Donegal

   A large cattle-fair was held at Old Town in the parish of Leck, near Letterkenny, on a specified date in June.

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   LECK, a parish, in the union of Letterkenny, barony of Raphoe, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, 1 mile (E.) from Letterkenny, on the road to Strabane ; containing 3722 inhabitants. It comprises, including a detached portion, 10,744f statute acres, of which 264 are in the tideway of the river Swilly, which is navigable through the whole of the parish. A large cattle-fair is held at Old Town on June Sth. Here is Rock Hill, the beautiful seat of the Stewart family. The parish formed part of the corps of the deanery of Raphoe, but was separated from it by act of council in 1835, and is now a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Crown : the tithe rent-charge is £243. The glebehouse was erected by aid of a gift of £450 and a loan of £50 from the Board of First Fruits, in 1820 ; the glebe comprises 20 acres. The church has been rebuilt, at a cost of £749, of which £649 were from the funds of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners ; it accommodates 200 persons. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Conwall. A parochial school is aided by an annual donation from Colonel Robertson's fund ; and there are two other public schools, one of which is supported by Sir E. Hayes, Bart.

   LECKARROW, a village, partly in the parish of St. John's, and partly in that of Killenvoy, union and barony of Athlone, county of Roscommon, and province of Connaught, 8 miles (N. W.) from Athlone, on the road to Roscommon, to both which places it has a receiving-house for letters. A patron takes place on the 24th of June, at which lambs, pigs, &c., are sold ; and petty-sessions are held every alternate week. In the village are a flour and an oatmeal mill ; in the vicinity is a dispensary.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 66

8. Old woods of Ardbraccan

   Ardbraccan · townland · Meath

   The old woods surrounding Ardbraccan are described as large and valuable, contributing to the extensive ornamental plantations found throughout the area.

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   Though the quantity of natural wood is very small, ground being considered too valuable for the purposes of grazing or tillage, to be inclosed for woodland, yet the plantations about noblemen's and gentlemen's seats are extensive. The old woods around Bective, Lismullen, and Ardbraccan, are large and valuable ; and from the numerous ornamental plantations throughout every 325

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

9. Old woods of Bective

   Bective · townland · Meath

   The old woods surrounding Bective are noted as being large and valuable, forming part of the extensive natural woodland and ornamental plantations of the gentry in the region.

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   Though the quantity of natural wood is very small, ground being considered too valuable for the purposes of grazing or tillage, to be inclosed for woodland, yet the plantations about noblemen's and gentlemen's seats are extensive. The old woods around Bective, Lismullen, and Ardbraccan, are large and valuable ; and from the numerous ornamental plantations throughout every 325

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

10. O'Madden monastery and de Burgo garrison at Meelick

    Meelick · townland · Galway · 1203–1540

    O'Madden, dynast of the adjacent country, founded a monastery for conventual friars at Meelick on the Shannon. In 1203 William de Burgo made it a garrison for his troops, and at the Dissolution it was granted to Sir John King, who assigned it to the Earl of Clanricarde.

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    MEELICK, a parish, in the union of Ballinasloe, barony of Longford, county of Galway, and province of CoNNADGHT, 2^ miles (S. E.) from Eyrecourt ; containing 1710 inhabitants. This parish, which is also called Milick, is situated on the river Shannon, and comprises 4292^ statute acres. O'Madden, dynast of the adjacent country, founded a monastery here for conventual friars, on a beautiful site surrounded in winter by the outspreading waters of the Shannon ; in 1203, William de Burgo made it a garrison for his troops ; and at the Dissolution it was granted to Sir John King, who assigned it to the Earl of Clanricarde. In the village is a station of the constabidary police. The parish is in the diocese of Cloufert : the rectory is partly appropriate to the see, and partly to the archdeaconry ; the vicarage forms part of the union of Dononaughta. The tithe-rent is £73. 7. 9., of which 328

    £20. 15. 6. are payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, £24. 18. 6. to the archdeacon, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Eyrecourt ; there is a convent of Franciscans, with a chapel attached which is open to the public.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 150

11. Omagh county prison built 1804, enlarged 1822

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1804–1822

    The county prison on the northern side of Omagh was built in 1804 and enlarged in 1822 with a plan for better classification of prisoners. It contained 60 cells, 73 beds in rooms, 10 solitary cells, 9 day-rooms, 6 yards, a hospital, chapel, and a tread-mill.

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    The assizes for the county are held here ; as are the quarter-sessions for the baronies of Omagh and Strabane, alternately with the town of Strabane. A court baron is also held every third Thursday for the manor of Audleston, at which the seneschal of the lord of the manor presides : debts to the amount of £4 are recoverable in it. The court-house is a large and handsome edifice, on the highest ground in the town ; it has in front a fine portico of four Doric columns, with the royal arms in the tympanum : the stone of which the front is formed was raised from the quarries of Kirlis, eight miles distant. On the northern side of the town is the county prison, built in 1804, and enlarged in 1822 according to a plan adapted to the better classification of the prisoners, with the governor's house in the centre ; it consists of 60 cells, 73 beds in rooms, 10 solitary cells, 9 day-rooms, and 6 yards, with an hospital, and small chapel, and has a tread-mill, not applied to any profitable use. To the north of the gaol are the barracks, originally intended for artillery, but now enlarged and fitted up for infantry, being the depot and head-quarters of a military district ; they contain accommodations for a field officer, 7 other commissioned officers, 110 privates, and 60 horses, with an hospital for 12 patients. Here is a chief constabulary police station. The county infirmary was established in 1796 ; and though considerably enlarged in 1810, its arrangements being still imperfect, further additions have just been made to it : a building for a fever hospital is also in the town, and a dispensary, established in 1831, is supported in the usual manner. The parochial church of Drumragh, situated at Omagh, is a handsome edifice, erected in 1777 by the Mervyn family, and enlarged in 1820 with a north aisle and galleries, at the expense of the parish : it is in the Grecian style, with a lofty tower and spire built at the expense of Dr. Knox, late Bishop of Derry. In the town is a large Roman Cathohc chapel for the district of Drumragh and Omagh ; there are also two meeting-houses for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and two others belonging respectively to the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, The union workhouse, on a site of six acres held at a rent of £30, was completed in 1841 at a cost of £6557, and is constructed for 800 inmates. No trace of the ancient abbey is now in existence, and even its site is matter of doubt : a small fragment of the ruins of Castle Mervyn is still visible on the side of a brook near the pound. Dr. John Lawson, author of Lectures on Oratory, was born in this town, in 1712.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 222

12. Omagh courthouse built with stone from Kirlis quarries

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone

    The Omagh court-house is a handsome edifice on the highest ground in the town, with a portico of four Doric columns and the royal arms in the tympanum. The stone for its front was raised from quarries at Kirlis, eight miles distant.

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    The assizes for the county are held here ; as are the quarter-sessions for the baronies of Omagh and Strabane, alternately with the town of Strabane. A court baron is also held every third Thursday for the manor of Audleston, at which the seneschal of the lord of the manor presides : debts to the amount of £4 are recoverable in it. The court-house is a large and handsome edifice, on the highest ground in the town ; it has in front a fine portico of four Doric columns, with the royal arms in the tympanum : the stone of which the front is formed was raised from the quarries of Kirlis, eight miles distant. On the northern side of the town is the county prison, built in 1804, and enlarged in 1822 according to a plan adapted to the better classification of the prisoners, with the governor's house in the centre ; it consists of 60 cells, 73 beds in rooms, 10 solitary cells, 9 day-rooms, and 6 yards, with an hospital, and small chapel, and has a tread-mill, not applied to any profitable use. To the north of the gaol are the barracks, originally intended for artillery, but now enlarged and fitted up for infantry, being the depot and head-quarters of a military district ; they contain accommodations for a field officer, 7 other commissioned officers, 110 privates, and 60 horses, with an hospital for 12 patients. Here is a chief constabulary police station. The county infirmary was established in 1796 ; and though considerably enlarged in 1810, its arrangements being still imperfect, further additions have just been made to it : a building for a fever hospital is also in the town, and a dispensary, established in 1831, is supported in the usual manner. The parochial church of Drumragh, situated at Omagh, is a handsome edifice, erected in 1777 by the Mervyn family, and enlarged in 1820 with a north aisle and galleries, at the expense of the parish : it is in the Grecian style, with a lofty tower and spire built at the expense of Dr. Knox, late Bishop of Derry. In the town is a large Roman Cathohc chapel for the district of Drumragh and Omagh ; there are also two meeting-houses for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and two others belonging respectively to the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, The union workhouse, on a site of six acres held at a rent of £30, was completed in 1841 at a cost of £6557, and is constructed for 800 inmates. No trace of the ancient abbey is now in existence, and even its site is matter of doubt : a small fragment of the ruins of Castle Mervyn is still visible on the side of a brook near the pound. Dr. John Lawson, author of Lectures on Oratory, was born in this town, in 1712.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 222

13. Omagh destroyed by fire again in 1743

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1743

    After being rebuilt following the 1689 destruction, Omagh was again destroyed by fire in 1743, with only two houses escaping the flames. It was soon rebuilt on a new plan and became a thriving place.

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    On the plantation of Ulster in 1609, the town, with its surrounding district, was granted to Lord Castlehaven in the following divisions ; '2000 acres at Addergoole, being Omagh and the adjoining townlands ; 2000 acres at Fintona ; 2000 at Brade ; and 3000 at Ravone. But this nobleman having neglected to erect castles and settle British subjects on the land, according to the articles of plantation, the grant reverted to the crown ; and the district of Addergoole was granted by Charles I., in 1631, to James Mervyn, Esq., under the name of the manor of Arleston or Audleston ; and the greater part of Fintona or Ballynahatty, to the same person, under the name of the manor of Touchet. Colonel Archdall, the descendant of the grantee, is now lord of the manor. In 1641, Sir Phelim O'Nial, shortly after the commencement of the war, marched against the castle of Omagh, which, by an immediate surrender, escaped the sufferings inflicted on those places in the county that made a more vigorous resistance. James II. passed through the town in the spring of 1689, on his march northward to Strabane. The garrison which he placed here was soon afterwards driven out with great slaughter, but before they evacuated the place the soldiers set it on fire and destroyed it, with the church and the castle built by Mervyn. In 17-13, the town, having been rebuilt in the intermediate period, was again destroyed by fire, two houses only escaping the flames. It was however soon rebuilt on a new plan, and has become a thriving and rapidly improving place.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 221

14. Omagh granted to Lord Castlehaven at Ulster Plantation

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1609

    On the plantation of Ulster in 1609, Omagh and its surrounding district were granted to Lord Castlehaven in divisions including Addergoole, Fintona, Brade, and Ravone. He neglected to erect castles and settle British subjects, so the grant reverted to the crown.

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    On the plantation of Ulster in 1609, the town, with its surrounding district, was granted to Lord Castlehaven in the following divisions ; '2000 acres at Addergoole, being Omagh and the adjoining townlands ; 2000 acres at Fintona ; 2000 at Brade ; and 3000 at Ravone. But this nobleman having neglected to erect castles and settle British subjects on the land, according to the articles of plantation, the grant reverted to the crown ; and the district of Addergoole was granted by Charles I., in 1631, to James Mervyn, Esq., under the name of the manor of Arleston or Audleston ; and the greater part of Fintona or Ballynahatty, to the same person, under the name of the manor of Touchet. Colonel Archdall, the descendant of the grantee, is now lord of the manor. In 1641, Sir Phelim O'Nial, shortly after the commencement of the war, marched against the castle of Omagh, which, by an immediate surrender, escaped the sufferings inflicted on those places in the county that made a more vigorous resistance. James II. passed through the town in the spring of 1689, on his march northward to Strabane. The garrison which he placed here was soon afterwards driven out with great slaughter, but before they evacuated the place the soldiers set it on fire and destroyed it, with the church and the castle built by Mervyn. In 17-13, the town, having been rebuilt in the intermediate period, was again destroyed by fire, two houses only escaping the flames. It was however soon rebuilt on a new plan, and has become a thriving and rapidly improving place.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 221

15. Omagh market-house built 1830, shambles opened 1834

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1830–1834

    A market-house was built in Omagh in 1830 for the sale of grain and vegetables, and a convenient range of shambles was opened in 1834. The Saturday market was well supplied with provisions and brown linens were sold on alternate Saturdays.

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    Omagh is situated on a gentle eminence on the southern bank of the river Stroule, here known by the name of the Drumragh water, a branch of the Foyle; and consists of three principal streets, with several smaller branching from them. Many of the houses are large and well built ; the streets are paved, but not lighted ; and the inhabitants have but a scanty supply of water, as there are no public fountains or wells. It is now the county town, a distinction formei-ly enjoyed by Dungannon ; but at what time the change took place has not been ascertained, further than that it occurred previously to 1/68. The communication between the town and Cappagh is maintained by a fine bridge over the Stroule. A reading-room is furnished with newspapers, but not with periodicals or other literary works. The trade is very hmited ; the only manufactures are those of tobacco, and of ale and beer, of which latter there is an extensive brewery, the produce of which has acquired some celebrity. The land in the vicinity is tolerably cultivated, and well planted; the seats are New Grove and Mount-Pleasant. A branch of the National Bank has been established. In the excise arrangements the town is within the district of Londonderry. The market, held on Saturday, is well supplied with provisions, and on alternate Saturdays brown hncns are exposed for sale : a market-house was built in 1830, in which grain and vegetables are sold ; and a very convenient range of shambles was opened in 1834. Fairs are held on the first Saturday of every month, for all kinds of cattle. 410

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 221

16. Omagh's ancient abbey and castle of Omy

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 792–1602

    Omagh, anciently called Oighi-Magh or Oighi-Rath, meaning 'the seat of the chiefs,' owed its origin to an abbey founded in 792, converted to a Franciscan house in 1464. In 1498 Mac Art O'Nial fortified the castle of Omy; the Earl of Kildare took and razed it. In 1602 Mountjoy placed a garrison there under Sir Henry Docwra.

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    OMAGH, an assize, market, and post town, and the head of a union, in the parish of Drumragh, barony of Omagh, county of Tyrone, and province of Ulster, 26:J: miles (S. E.) from Londonderry, and 86 (N. N. W.) from Dublin, on the road between these two cities; containing 2947 inhabitants. This place, which was anciently called Oigli-Ma^h and Oigli-Rath, signifying " the seat of the chiefs," is supposed to have owed its origin as a town to an abbey founded here in 792, which was converted into a house for the third order of Franciscans in 1464, and continued to flourish as such until the Dissolution, when its site and possessions were granted to Sir Henry Piers. There is no notice of the town as a fortress or place of defence until 1498, when Mac Art O'Nial, having taken up arms against the English government, fortified himself in the castles of Omy and Kinnard ; upon which the Earl of Kildare, then lord-deputy, marched against the former, took it, razed it to the ground, and compelled Mac Art to submit to the king's authority. In 1 602, Mountjoy, lorddeputy, placed a strong garrison in Omy, under the command of Sir Henrv Docwra, and marched hence v^ith all

    3G

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 220

17. Omey Island: low-lying tidal island off Connemara coast

    near Omey · parish · Galway

    Omey Island comprises 296 statute acres of arable land, lies very low, and is connected to the mainland at low water, with the channel forming a natural harbour at each end. Female inhabitants spin wool and knit stockings known as Connemara stockings.

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    OMEY, an island, in the parish of Omey, union of Clifden, barony of Ballinahinch, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, 4^ miles (N. W.) from Clifden, and on the western coast : the population is returned with the parish. The island, which comprises 296 statute acres of arable land, lies very low, and is connected with the main land at low water : the channel forms a natural harbour at each end. The female inhabitants are generally employed in spinning wool and knitting stockings, in the manufacture of which they are very expert, and produce an excellent article known by the name of Connemara stockings. There are three burial-places on the island, two of which are kept as distinct cemeteries for men and women, according to an ancient custom, supposed to have

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 222

18. Omey Island: separate burial grounds for men and women

    near Omey · parish · Galway

    There are three burial-places on Omey Island, two of which are kept as distinct cemeteries for men and women according to an ancient custom. This practice was supposed to have originated in antiquity.

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    OMEY, an island, in the parish of Omey, union of Clifden, barony of Ballinahinch, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, 4^ miles (N. W.) from Clifden, and on the western coast : the population is returned with the parish. The island, which comprises 296 statute acres of arable land, lies very low, and is connected with the main land at low water : the channel forms a natural harbour at each end. The female inhabitants are generally employed in spinning wool and knitting stockings, in the manufacture of which they are very expert, and produce an excellent article known by the name of Connemara stockings. There are three burial-places on the island, two of which are kept as distinct cemeteries for men and women, according to an ancient custom, supposed to have

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 222

19. O'Moore family settled at Cloghan after banishment from Leix

    Cloghan · town · Offaly · 1558–1603

    The O'Moore, whose ancestors were banished from the territory of Leix in Queen's County during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, has been resident at Cloghan since that time. The castle is now his property.

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    LUSMAGH, or Kii.MACUNNA, a parish, in the union of Parsonstown, barony of Garrycastle, King's county, and province of Leinster, '2^ miles (S. S. W.) from Banagher ; containing 3643 inhabitants. A Franciscan friary was founded at Cloghan Cantualaig, by O'Madden, early in the fifteenth century ; but no particulars have been recorded. The castle of Cloghan, supposed to have been built in the reign of King John, was taken by storm in 1.595 by Sir William Russell, lord-deputy, who put forty-six of the garrison to the sword, in consequence of O'Madden, the proprietor, having sent him a taunting refusal to surrender. It is now the property of The O'Moore, whose ancestors have been resident here since the reign of Queen Elizabeth, when they were banished from the territory of Leix, in Queen's coUnty. The parish is situated on the river Shannon, and on the Lesser Brosna, one of its tributary streams; and comprises 89I9t statute acres. Limestone is found here ; and on the banks of the Shannon are flour- mills. Lusmagh is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clonfert ; the rectory being partly appropriate to the see, and partly to the archdeaconry ; and the vicarage forming part of the union of Dononaughta, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rentcharge is £78. 4. S., of which £48. 9. 3. are payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, in whom the temporalities of the see are now vested ; £10. 7. 9. to the archdeacon ; and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms a separate district : a large and handsome chapel has been built at the Cross of Cappievane. Some remains of the church still exist. — See Newtown.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 120

20. Omy precinct held by English undertakers

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1618

    The precinct of Omy (Omagh), allotted to English undertakers, was found by Pynnar in 1618 to be in the possession of the Earl of Castlehaven and Sir John Davies.

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    According to the rules of James's settlement, the whole county, which was estimated to contain 1571 balliboes, or 98,187 acres, being at the rate of 1000 acres to 16 balliboes, was divided into 78 portions, which, after deducting a portion for the church and some lands for Trinity College, Dublin, were granted to English and Irish undertakers, that is, settlers, who engaged to build, fortify, and stock the lands with British tenantry. Five borough towns, Dungannon, Clogher, Omagh, Strabane, and Mountjoy, were allowed a certain portion of the surrounding grounds ; and another portion of the county was assigned to some of the members of the O'Nial family. The Irish were distributed as tenants among the undertakers, the swordsmen excepted, who were to be removed to the waste parts of Connaught or Munster, where they were to be dispersed and not suffered to settle together in one place. On an inspection of the progress of the plantation, made by Captain Pynnar under the king's direction in 1618, it appeared that the county was divided into the five precincts of Strabane, Omy, Clogher, Mountjoy, and Dungannon. The first of these, Strabane, had been allotted to Scotch undertakers, of whom those then in possession of the lands granted to the original patentees were the Earl of Abercorn, Sir George Hamilton, Sir William Stewart, Sir Robert Newcomen, and Sir John Drummond. Omy, allotted to English undertakers, was in the possession of the Earl of Castlehaven and Sir John Davies ; Clogher, also allotted to EngUsh undertakers, was held by Lord Ridgwaie, George Ridgwaie, Sir Gerard Lowther, Lord Burleigh, John Leigh, Sir William Stewart, Sir William Cope, and William Parsons. Mountjoy, allotted to Scotch undertakers, was held by Sir Robert Heyburne, Lord Vehiltree, Captain Sanderson, Mrs. Lindsey, Alex. Richardson, Andrew Stewart (son to Lord Vehiltree), and David Kenedaie. Dungannon, allotted to servitors and natives, was held by Lord Chichester, Lord Ridgwaie, Sir Toby Caulfield, William Parsons, Sir Francis Ansley, Lord Wiiigfield, and Tirlagh O'Nial. The only towns in the erection of which any progress had been made were Strabane and Augher. The county continued to improve during the reign of James I. and in the commencement of that of Charles I., but suffered greatly during the war of 1641, at the termination of which, much of the land fell into the hands of new proprietors ; and in the subsequent war of 1688 Tyrone was the scene of many military events connected with the siege of Londonderry.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 365

21. O'Nial meets Richard II in Drogheda

    Drogheda · town · Louth

    Upon the first arrival of King Richard II in Ireland, the O'Nial chieftain of Tyrone met him in Drogheda. O'Nial was the first of four native Irish princes to wait on the English king.

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    In the time of Ptolemy it was probably inhabited by the Scoti, which tribe extended itself over most of the inland regions ; though some writers place the Erdini here, as well as in the neighbouring maritime county of Donegal. It was afterwards known as the district or kingdom of Cbieal Eoghain, frequently called Tijr-Oen, whence its present name of Tyrone is derived : a portion of its southern border embraces the northern parts of the ancient district of Orgial or Uriel. According to Camden it was divided into Upper and Lower, or North and South, Tyrone, by the Slieve-Gallion mountain; but as this range is now wholly included within Londonderry, it is probable that the name of Tyrone then extended to the greater part of that county also. This district was from the earliest period of the Irish annals the chief seat of the power of the O'Nials, the princes or kings of the country, who traced their origin from Nial of the Nine Hostages, and several of whom obtained the sovereignty over the whole island. In the tenth century, Hugh O'Nial, lord or chief of Tyr-Oen, was solicited by Malachy, King of Ireland, to assist him against Brian Boroimhe, then claiming the rank of king of Ireland ; and was offered a large portion of Meath as the reward of his acquiescence. O'Nial of Tyrone was one of the chiefs in Roderic O'Conor's army in his unsuccessful attempt to drive the English out of Dublin: in 1177, his death is recorded, under the title of King of Tyrone. On the second arrival of King John in Ireland, O'Nial, who had been a formidable opponent to De Courcy during his invasion of Ulster, was prevailed on to give personal attendance on the king, but not until two hostages had been sent for the security of his person. Henry HI., in a letter to the Irish subordinate princes who had done homage to the English sovereign, stvles him O'SVl regi de Khietum sii-e Tir-Oeii. The O'Nial family was also one of the five Irish septs which were specially entitled to the enjoyment of English rights and privileges. On the first arrival of Richard II. in Ireland, O'Nial met him in Drogheda, being the first of four native princes who waited on that king. During this period, and for many years after, this territory, of which Tyrone was the principal part and the usual seat of the ruling prince's residence, was untouched by the English ; while, on the contrary, their borders were exposed to his predatory incursions. O'Nial was one of the adherents of Edward Bruce in his attempt to

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 365

22. O'Nial reviews forces at Tara, 1539

    Tara · parish · Meath · 1539

    In 1539 O'Nial, at the head of the northern Irish, ravaged the surrounding country and then reviewed his forces on the hill of Tara with great parade.

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    which was afterwards removeil to Scotland and used for a similar purpose, until it was taken by Edward I. as a trophy of his victory over that people, and plated in Westminster abbey, where it is still preserved. The hill of Taragh was also selected by St. Patrick as a convenient spot from which to promulgate the doctrines of Christianity, which rapidly extended to every part of Ireland. In 980, the Danes sustained a signal defeat here, which contributed materially to their final expulsion from the country a few years afterwards, from which period they could only infest it by predatory incursions. Roderic, the last native monarch of all Ireland, assembled his forces at Taragh while preparing to besiege the English in Dublin ; but after the English settlement it was no longer a place of note, except for the assembling of the military within the English pale. In 1539 O'Nial, at the head of the northern Irish, after ravaging the surrounding country, reviewed his forces here with great parade ; and during the disturbances of 179s, a numerous body of insurgents was defeated on the hill, by a party of about 400 fencibles and yeomanry. It seems very doubtful, notsvithstanding the name, whether any building of stone ever existed ; the only traces of fortification are earthworks of considerable extent and of various forms, chiefly circular intrenchments, within which habitations of light materials appear to have been formed.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 316

23. O'Nials castle site and Mount Davys at Portglenone

    near Portglenone · town · Antrim · 1700–1758

    Portglenone House occupies the site of an ancient castle of the O'Nials. Mount Davys was originally built by Colonel Davys around 1700 and rebuilt in 1758 by Bryan O'Manus, Esq.

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    The parish was instituted in 1840, by separating 20 townlands from the parish of Ahoghill : that part on the Londonderry side of the Bann is called Gleuone ; on the other, Portglenone. Portglenone House occupies the site of an ancient castle of the O'Nials ; Mount Davys was originally built by Colonel Davys, about the year 1700, and rebuilt in 1*58 by Bryan ftPJIanus, Esq. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Connor, and in the patronage of the Crown : the incumbent has a tithe rent-charge of £'232 out of the old parish. The church, a neat plain edifice, was built as a chapel of ease to the mother church of Ahoghill, prior to 1/39, by Bishop Hutchinson, who was interred under the chancel. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the union of Ahoghill : the chapel is situated at Aughnahoy, about a mile from the town. There are places of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and for Wesleyan Methodists.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

24. O'Nial's Court castle and lightning monument at Rath

    Rath · townland · Clare

    In the parish of Rath, County Clare, near the ruins of the church and castle of Rath, are the ruins of a castle called O'Nial's Court, formerly the residence of the chieftains of that family. A large monumental stone near the castle records its destruction and that of part of the family by lightning.

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    RATH, a parish, in the union of Ennistymon, barony of Inchiquin, county of Clare, and province of MuNSTER, 5| miles (N. \V.) from Ennis, on the road' to Ennistymon ; containing '2647 inhabitants. It comprises 8489 statute acres ; a considerable portion consists of coarse pasture, and the remainder of good arable land. The parish extends to the bridge at Corofin, and comprises portions of the lakes of Inchiquin and Tadane, noticed in the article on Kilneboy : at Riverston is a chief station of the constabulary police. The scats are Adelphi, Clifden, Roxton, Applevale, WiUbrook, and Riverston. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe : the rectory was united in 1803 to that of Dysert, together constituting the corps of the prebend of Rath, in the patronage of the Marquess of Thomoud ; and the vicarage forms part of the union and corps of the prebend of Dysert. Of the tithe rentcharge, amounting to £57. 11., two-thirds are payable to the prebendary, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Corofin ; the chapel, a small plain building, is at Liscullane. The ruins of the church stand near the margin of a small lake ; near them are those of the castle of Rath, and in the vicinity, those of a castle called O'Nial's Court, formerly the residence of the chieftains of that family. A large monumental stone near the castle records its destruction, and that of part of the family, by lightning. The ruins of Tier Mac Bran Castle are situated near the shore of Inchiquin lake.

    RATH, a village, in the parish of Drumcullin, union of Parsonstown, barony of Eglish, King's county, and province of Leinster, 5 miles (W.) from Frankford, on the road to Parsonstown : the population is returned with the parish. Here is a Roman Catholic chapel belonging to the district of Eglish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 245

25. O'Nial seizes Down and Antrim after Earl of Ulster's assassination

    near Carrickfergus · town · Antrim · 1333

    After the Earl of Ulster was assassinated at Carrickfergus in 1333, O'Nial crossed the Bann and seized part of the counties of Down and Antrim, dividing them into the districts of Upper and Lower Claneboy, which remained under the family's control until the reign of James I.

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    conquer Ireland. In 1333, on the assassination of the Earl of Ulster at Carrickfergus by his own servants, O'Nial crossed the Bann, and seized part of the counties of Down and Antrim, which he parcelled out into the districts of the Upper and Lower Claneboy ; and these continued subject to the family till the reign of James I.

    In the reign of Henry VIII., Hugh Baccagh, or the Lame, invaded Meath, but was afterwards induced to submit to that monarch, by whom he was honoured with a collar of gold ; and though he had supported the Kildare family during its rebellion, he was not only pardoned, but had the title of Earl of Tyrone conferred on him, with remainder to his illegitimate son Matthew. On his death, however, his legitimate son John, better known by the name of Shane O'Nial, assumed the family title, and seized on the inheritance, claiming the sovereignty of the province, and arrogating the supremacy over all the subordinate clans. This chief, after maintaining a desultory warfare against the English government, was assassinated by Ale.xander Oge M'Connell or M'Donnell, the leader of the Scots in Ulster, to whom he had had recourse for protection when unable to give effectual resistance to the English. The title was claimed after his death by Tirlogh Leinagh O'Nial, a nephew of the first Earl of Tyrone ; but being advanced in years and of a peaceable disposition, he suffered it to be wrested from him by Hugh, the son of Matthew O'Nial, who, after performing some services to the English in the war against Desmond, was admitted to the title and rank of Earl of Tyrone and to the estate of his ancestors, in virtue of the grant made to his grandfather ; a fort on the Blackwater being the only place excepted from his jurisdiction.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 365

26. Oolla Castle and church ruins near Roman Catholic chapel

    Oola · town · Limerick

    The remains of Ballyneety Castle present a stately heap of ruins. The ruins of the church and of Oolla Castle stand close to the Roman Catholic chapel in the parish of Oolla.

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    forms the occasional duties of the parish : divine service is also performed in Castle Lloyd, and in the spacious parochial school, which is supported by the Lloyd family and others. Near it stands the Roman Catholic chapel, a large old edifice. The remains of Ballyneety Castle present a stately heap of ruins, with here and there a wall nearly entire ; the ruins of the church, and of Oolla Castle, stand close to the Roman Chapel chapel. In IS'25, some large and perfect antlers of the elk were discovered; and, in IS'28, a brazen trumpet, and spear and arrow heads of bronze, were found, which are now in the museum of Trinity College, Dublin.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 224

27. Oran Castle ruins and Browne barony title

    Oranmore · town · Galway

    The ruins of Oran Castle still exist. Oranmore gives the title of Baron to the Browne family of Castlemacgarret.

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    place on May 23rd and Oct. 20th. The seats are, Menlo Castle, the residence of Sir Valentine Blake, Bart. ; Renville ; Merlin Park ; and Oran Castle. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam : the rectory forms part of the union of St. Nicholas, and of the corps of the wardenship of Galway ; the vicarage is in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rentcharge is £285. 4., of which £225 are payable to the warden, and the remainder to the vicar : the glebe, ■which belongs to the warden, comprises 27 statute acres. The church is a neat building, erected in 1835. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is in the diocese of Galway, and is the head of a district, comprising this parish and that of Ballinacourty, in each of which is a chapel. At Murrough are the ruins of an ancient round tower, of which about 40 feet remain : in the interior there appear to be courses of stone, on which to rest the timbers of a floor. Ruins of the castle of Oran also exist. Oranmore gives the title of Baron to the family of Browne, of Castlemacgarret.

    OREGAN. — See Rosenallis.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 225

28. Oratory of St. Molua at Killaloe, a 7th-century ruin

    Killaloe · town · Clare · 600–700

    Near the cathedral at Killaloe stands the Oratory of St. Molua, one of the most ancient ecclesiastical edifices in the country, apparently dating from the seventh century. It was originally roofed with stone but is now in ruins.

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    Killaloe is one of the sixteen dioceses that constitute the ecclesiastical province of Dublin, and comprehends parts of the Queen's county. Limerick, Galway, and King's county, with a large portion of the county of Tipperary, and the greater part of Clare. It extends about 100 miles in length, varying from 9 to 32 in breadth ; and comprises an estimated superficies of 628, .500 acres, of which 3200 are in Queen's county, ri300 in Limerick, 8S00 in Galway, 50,000 in King's county, 134,500 in Tipperary, and 426,700 in Clare. The lands belonging to the see comprise 7528 statute acres, of which 6795 are profitable land ; and the gross revenue, on an average of three years ending Dec. 31st, 1831, amounted to £4532. 9. Since that time the dioceses of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh, having become vacant, have been, under the Church Temporalities' act of the 3rd of William IV., united to the see of Killaloe, and their temporalities vested in the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The chapter of Killaloe consists of a dean, precentor, chancellor, treasurer, and archdeacon ; there are also seven prebendaries, who have no voice in the chapter, viz., those of Tomgranna, Lackcen, Clondegad, Dysert, Tulla, Inniscattery, and Rath. The consistorial court consists of a vicar-general, registrar, and proctor ; the registrar is keeper of the records, the earliest of which are only of the date 166S, the old registry having been burnt during the parliamentary war. The total number of parishes in the diocese is 108, of which 89 are comprised in 41 unions, and 19 are single benefices; one benefice is in the patronage of the crown, 11 in lay patronage, and 38 in that of the bishop. The number of churches is 56, and there are five other places in which divine service is performed ; the number of glebe-houses is 39. The cathedral, which also serves for the parish church, is an ancient cruciform structure, with a square central tower ; it is about 200 feet in length, with a fine east window, and the west front has an imposing appearance ; the prevailing character is the Norman style. Near the cathedral is a building called the Oratory of St. Molua, one of the most ancient eccle- VoL. II.— 89

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 33

29. Oriel title and Viscount Ferrard of Collon

    Collon · town · Louth

    Oriel, the ancient name of the district, gives the title of Baron to Viscount Ferrard of Collon.

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    Sir John Birmingham, in reward of his victory over the Scottish army near Dundalk, in the reign of Edward IL, was created Earl of Louth ; but being shortly after slain in an insurrection of his own people in this county, the title became extinct. In 1.541, Henry VIII. created Sir Oliver Plunkett Baron Louth, which title is at present enjoyed by his descendants. Oriel, the ancient name of the district, gives the title of Baron to Viscount Ferrard, of CoUon.

    LOUTH, a post-town and parish, in the union of Dundalk, partly in the baronies of Ardee and Upper Dundalk, but chiefly in the barony of Louth, county of Louth, and province of Leinster, 5^ miles (W.) from Dundalk. on the road to Kingscourt, and 39^ (N. by W.) from Dublin ; containing 9647 inhabitants, of 283

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

30. Origin of the name Mayo from the village and monastery of Maio

    Mayo · parish · Mayo · 1569

    During the eleventh year of Elizabeth's reign, Connacht was made shire ground and the boundaries of this portion defined. The present name of Mayo arose from the village and monastery of Maio, situated on a river which falls into Lough Carra.

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    vince, including this county, had been granted by King John,) Edmond de Albanach or the Scot, one of his kinsmen, ancestor to the earls of Mayo, renounced his allegiance to the English government. He threw oEF the English dress ; adopted the language and apparel of the native Irish ; and assumed the title of Mac William Oughter, or " the Further," to distinguish himself from another member of the family svho had acted in the same manner in the more southern regions of the province, and had called himself Mac William Eighter, or "the Nearer." The county remained in an unsettled state, nearly independent of British rule, until the time of Elizabeth, in the eleventh year of whose reign the whole province, which had hitherto been divided into the two counties of Connaught and Roscommon, was made shire ground ; the boundaries and subdivisions of this portion of it were defined, and at this time arose the present name of Mayo, from the village and monastery of Maio, situated on a river which falls into Lough Carra. The Mac Williams nevertheless continued to exert a powerful control ; for the annals of the town of Galway inform us that, in consequence of the disturbed state of the country in the neighbourhood of that town, numbers of Galway people took refuge with Mac William Onghter in Mayo, and were the founders of the several respectable families of Galway name which still hold large estates here. When Sir Henry Sidney, lorddeputy, visited Galway in 1575, several of the Galway exiles returned, and applied to him for protection ; and Mac William Oughter himself submitted by oath and indenture. This Mac William was father to the celebrated Grace O'^NIalley, better known in the romantic history of the times by the name of Grana Uile : she, however, was so far from being led to submission by her father's example, that it was deemed necessary to send a body of troops to storm her castle of Carrick a-Uile, near Newport ; and so spirited was the defence made by this singular woman, that the assailants, instead of accomplishing the object of their expedition, narrowly escaped being taken prisoners, which would have been inevitably attended with loss of life.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 145

31. Oritor manor granted by James I to Annesley family

    Oritor · townland · Tyrone · 1603–1825

    The manor of Oritor's jurisdiction extends over 12 townlands in the parish of Kildress, originally granted by James I to the Annesley family and now the property of Lord Castle-Steuart. A large Presbyterian meeting-house was erected here in 1825.

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    ORITOR, a village, in the parish of Kildress, union of CooKSTOWN, barony of Dungannon, county of Tyrone, and province of Ulster, 3 miles (W.) from Cookstown, and on the road from Omagh to Belfast ; the population is returned with the parish. Fairs are held on the 2nd Wednesday in July, Aug. 3rd, Oct. 10th, and the 3rd Wednesday in Nov., for cattle, sheep, and pigs. A court for the manor of Oritor is held on the first Monday in each month, for the recovery of debts under 40i\ : its jurisdiction extends over 12 townlands in the parish of Kildress, which were granted by James I. to the Annesley family, and are now the property of Lord Castle-Steuart. Here is a large Presbyterian meeting-house, erected in 1825.

    OSBERSTOWN, a parish, in the union of Naas, barony of North Naas, coimty of Kildare, and province of Leinster, 1 mile (N.) from Naas ; containing, with part of the village of Salhns, about 518 inhabitants. This place is not known as a parish in the ecclesiastical divisions, but is considered to form part of that of Naas, in the diocese of Kildare.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 225

32. Ormond Quarry at Kilmacoliver, noted slate works

    Kilmacoliver · townland · Kilkenny

    Near Kilmacoliver in Tullahought parish lies the Ormond Quarry, an extensive slate quarry of superior quality employing about 150 persons. The slates were considered nearly equal to Welsh slates and had an extensive sale in the surrounding counties, with workings extended to a depth of 150 feet.

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    TULLAHOUGHT, a parish, in the union of Car- RiCK-ON-SuiR, barony of Kells, county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster, ,5 miles (N.) from Carrickon-Suir, on the road to Kilmoganny ; containing 17,50 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the small river Lingam, which here separates the counties of Kilkenny and Tipperary, and the provinces of Leinster and Munster. It comprises 46015- statute acres ; the substratum consists chiefly of a slaty argillite. Near Kilmacoliver is an extensive quarry of slate of superior quality, called the Ormond Quarry, in which about 1.50 persons are generally employed ; the slates have an extensive sale in this and the adjoining counties, being considered nearly equal to the Welsh slates in colour and lightness ; the quantity annually raised is considerable, and the works have been extended to a depth of r,^0 feet. Tullahought is a rectory, in the diocese of Ossory, entirely impropriate in the Marquess of Ormonde, to whom the tithe rent-charge, amounting to £134. 1,1., is payable. In the Roman Catholic divisions 605

    the parish forma part of the district of Killaraery ; the chapel, a modern structure, is at Kilinacoliver. At Lamogue are some remains of an ancient church.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 357

33. Ornamental sandstone quarries on Glenfarne mountain

    near Glenfarne · population centre · Leitrim

    Extensive quarries of fine-grained yellowish-white sandstone were worked near the summit of Glanfarn mountain. The stone was used for window-seats and various ornamental purposes.

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    was originally discovered in the Munterkenny mountains, and such was the importance attached to the discovery that a parliamentary grant was made for the formation of roads to it ; but the workings were soon discoutinued in consequence of a fault, by which the stratum was considerably elevated, and which induced the workmen, who were ignorant of the cause of the interruption and of the means of remedying it, to relinquish any further operations. In the northern part of the coal district, the beds are found only in the higher parts of Lugnacuillagh and Lacka. Extensive quarries of fine-grained yellowish-white sandstone are worked near the summit of Glanfarn mountain, for window-seats and various ornamental purposes. Lacka mountain contains a great bed of sandstone, the strata of which form a succession of abrupt precipices with considerable flat intervals between them ; above the sandstone are beds of slate-clay succeeded by layers of coal from 4 to 6 inches thick, alternating with beds of sandstone : this field has been but little worked. The stratification of Lugnacuillagh mountain, on the bordersof Cavan, much resembles that of Lacka. The remainder of the coal district to the east of Lough Allen is composed of the great mountain group of Slieve-an-irin, or Slieve-an- Jaroin, "the Iron Mountain;" its stratification is extremely irregular. Three layers of coal have been discovered in it, one of them of good quality, 18 inches thick. Rich clay iron-stone abounds also at various elevations, and was worked so long as timber could be procured to feed the furnaces : those of Drumshambo, the last in operation, were abandoned in 176.5. The ore of Slieve-an-irin is said to be far richer than that on the Roscommon side of the lake. In the channels of many of the streams descending from it, are beds of pipe-clay and yellow ochre. Manganese is also found in great abundance.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 70

34. O'Rourk's Castle and other fortifications at Dromahair

    Dromahair · town · Leitrim

    The county contains numerous ruined castles and fortified mansions. Among them is O'Rourk's Castle, situated near the fortified residence known as Dromahaire Castle.

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    Dearmutli Craine, or " Darby and firaine's Bed or Altar." Fifteen religious houses are recorded to have formt-rly existed within the limits of the county ; and there are still remains of those of Fena, Annaghduff, Clone, Kilnaille, and Ince in Lough Allen. The castles and fortified mansions were also very numerous : those which remain, more or less in ruin, are, O'Rourk's Castle, near the fortified residence called Dromahaire Castle j those of Jamestown and Longfield ; Castlefore ; Castle John ; Cloncorrick Castle ; Castle Car ; the fortresses of Dungarbery and Manor-Hamilton ; and two castles on the banks of Lough Gill. The modern seats, which are not remarkable either for number or grandeur, are noticed under the heads of the parishes in which they are respectively situated. The farmhouses are usually long narrow cabins, which sometimes shelter the cattle in common with the family ; but houses of a better description, with chimneys, partitions, and separate or detached buildings, are gradually superseding them. The fuel is turf, procured in great abundance through every part of the county. The general food is potatoes and oaten-bread, sometimes with buttermilk, or with fish ; butchers' meat is only used at Easter and Christmas, or on other great festive occasions. The clothing of the rnen is neat and strong, the coat mostly of frieze, the smallclothes of corduroy ; the females usually wear a coarse woollen-stulf petticoat, and of late cotton gowns have become common. The general character of the people is that of sobriety and industry : the English language is every where spoken by adults and children, and mostly by elderly people, except in the remote moimtain districts, and even there it rarely occurs that a person is met with who cannot speak it. The principal natural curiosities, besides those already noticed as forming grand features of the surface, are the chalybeate and sulphureous springs, of which latter the most noted are the spas of Drumsna, Meelock, and Athimonus, besides several about Drumshambo and Cashcarrigan. The chief chalybeate spas are those on the border of Cavan, at the northern extremity of Lough Allen ; and Oakfield, within two miles of the sea. In 1*83, Robert Clements, Esq., was created Baron Leitrim of Manor-Hamilton ; he was advanced to the viscounty in 1793, and created Earl of Leitrim in 1795, which titles are now enjoyed by his son.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 71

35. O'Shaughnessy takes Doon Castle and builds Doongorey

    Kinvarra · town · Galway · 1509–1642

    During the reign of Henry VIII, Rory More Darag O'Shaughnessy took the castle of Doon from Flan Killikelly, totally demolished it, and erected a new castle near its site named Doongorey. In 1642 it became the property of Thomas Taylor, who encircled it with a strong bawn and it remained in good preservation.

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    KINVARRA, a market, post, and sea-port town, and a parish, in the union of Gort, barony of Kil- TARTAN, county of Galway, and province of Con- NAUGHT, 7 miles (N. W.) from Gort, and on the bay of Kinvarra, which is within the bay of Galway ; containing 6586 inhabitants, of whom 959 are in the town. About the reign of Henry VIII., Rory More Darag O'Shaughnessy took the castle of Doon, here, from Flan Killikelly ; totally demolished it ; and erected one near its site, which he named Doongorey. In 1642 this became the property of Thomas Taylor, who encircled it with a strong bawn or wall ; and it is now in a good state of preservation. On the 1st of November, 1755, the day of the earthquake at Lisbon, a castle on the western boundary of the parish, which had formerly belonged to the O'Heynes, was destroyed to its foundation, and a portion of it swallowed up ; and at the same time, the chimneys and battlements of Cahirglissane rocked, and then fell into a chasm formed by rending the rock to the depth of several fathoms. The parish, with' that of Duras, comprises 11,289^ statute acres, and is moderately well cultivated, producing excellent wheat ; sea-weed is used as a manure, and limestone is abundant. Fresh water is scarce, but attempts are being made to obtain a larger supply. The town, in 1841, contained I60 houses ; it has a sub-post office to Ardrahan, and is a constabulary police station. The market is on Wednesdays and Fridays, and great quantities of corn are sold ; fairs are held on May 18th and Oct. 17th, principally for the sale of sheep. A quay, about 50 yards long, was built here in 1773 by J. Ffrench, Esq., great-grandfather of the present Baron de Basterot ; it was lengthened and raised in 1807, and such an addition was made to it in 1808 as converted it into a kind of dock. At high tide there are 12 feet of water at the pier, which is then accessible to vessels of 150 tons' burthen. Sea- weed to the value of £20,000 is lauded here during the spring, from boats, of which from 60 to 100 sometimes arrive in one tide. It has been proposed to establish a steam-vessel, to ply regularly between this place and Galway ; and a canal hence to the river Fergus would greatly benefit the intervening country, by facilitating the importation of sea-weed, sea-sand, and turf, and the exportation of corn. The principal seats are Thorn Hill, Northampton, and Sea Mount.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 60

36. Ostmen held Limerick city and Iniscattery island until Brien Boroimhe

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 850–1000

    About the middle of the ninth century the Ostmen made themselves masters of the city of Limerick and the island of Iniscattery in the Shannon. They maintained power until the eleventh century when Brien Boroimhe, King of Thomond, compelled them to become his tributaries.

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    Of the tribes mentioned by Ptolemy, the Coriondi appear to have inhabited this portion of Ireland ; and although from a very early period it was included ia the native kingdom or principality of Thomond, it Is said to have had at one time a separate political existence, under the name o( Aine-Cliach, or Eoganach-Aine- Clkich, and to have been divided into five cantreds, governed by subordinate chieftains. The cantred of Carrigoginniol belonged to the O'Kiarwieks, and afterwards to the O'Briens, whence the name of Pubblebrien was given to the barony ; Uailhney, now the barony of Owneybeg, belonged to the O'Ryans ; Cmrbre Aobhdha, or Kenry, to the O'Donovans; Hy-Ciwcnuil-Gabhra, now the baronies of Upper Connello and Coshma, to the M'^Eneirys and O'Sheehans ; and Connalla, now Lower Connello, to the O'Kinealys and O'Thyans. [At the time of the English invasion, theO'Hurleys, MacSheehys, O'Gormans, OCollins, O'Coins, O'Scanlans, and O'Hallinans, were also among the principal families.] About the middle of the ninth century, the Ostmen made

    LIME

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 73

37. O'Sullivan's Punchbowl eddy at the old weir-bridge

    Killarney · town · Kerry

    Near the old weir-bridge connecting the Middle and Upper Lakes of Killarney, an eddy called O'Sullivan's Punchbowl forces visitors to disembark while their boat is drawn through one of the bridge arches.

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    The Upper Lake is about three miles to the east of Tore, or the Middle, Lake, with which it communicates by a circuitous channel of diflieult navigation ; the current is in many parts very rapid, and the passage against the stream laborious and difficult. Not far from the old weir-bridge is an eddy, called 0' Sullivan s Puucliboicl, where the visiters are obliged to disembark, while the boat is drawn through one of the arches of the bridge. Pursuing the winding course of the stream, various interesting objects successively present themselves : among these are several islands and rocks, of which latter, one, from its resemblance to a ship, is called " The Man-of-li'ar ," on its summit is a very large yew-tree, whose stem and branches are supposed to aid the similitude. The Eagles' Nest is a lofty rock of pyramidal form, rising abruptly from the river, which makes a sudden sweep round its base, and from which it has a very picturesque appearance, though in a distant view it is lost in the superior height of the adjacent mountains ; the base is covered with wood, and the face of the rock to its summit is interspersed with shrubs. The nest of the eagle is distinguished by a black mark near the vertex, and that bird is frequently seen soaring at a considerable elevation above the river. From a hillock, on the opposite side of the stream, usually called the "Station for Audience," an echo is produced by a single bugle equal in effect to a full band of instruments ; the discharge of a cannon produces a crash as if the rocks were rent asunder, and the succeeding echoes resemble the reverberations of thunder. In the passage to the Upper Lake many superb mountain views and much sublime scenery are exhibited : the view is bounded on the north-west by Glenii and the Long Range mountains ; on the south-east, by Cromiglauti, and the base of Tore. The entrance is contracted into a very narrow passage, usually called Coleman's 96

    K I L— L A

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 35

38. Oughterard black marble quarries

    Oughterard · town · Galway

    About a mile from Oughterard, a fine quarry of black marble was opened and worked by the estate proprietor, matching the quality of marble at Menlough and Merlin Park. A second quarry of the same marble existed in the neighbourhood.

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    spa; the well, however, is but indifferently constructed, and little care is taken to secure it from admixture with the water of the mountain stream. About a mile from the town, a fine quarry of black marble has been opened, and is worked by the proprietor of the estate ; the marble is of the same quality as that of Menlough and Merlin Park : there is another quarry of the same marble in the neighbourhood. Two miles from the town, the road to Galway passes over a natural bridge of rocks ; and in another place, the river flows under the castle of Aghenure, which is built on a ledge of limestone rock. This castle, which is nearly two miles from the town, was anciently a seat of the O'Flaherty family, and at a later period was inhabited by the Earl of Clanricarde ; it was a place of great strength. The river, after flowing under it, falls into Lough Corrib. The parish church, a small neat edifice, and the Roman Catholic chapel, a handsome building with a steeple, are situated in the town, in which are also the parochial school and a dispensary.

    OUGHTERARD, a parish, in the union of Naas, barony of South Salt, county of Kildare, and province of Leinster, 4 miles (\V. byS.) from Rathcoole, and on the road from Dubhn to Naas ; containing 460 inhabitants, andcomprising'2919^ statute acres. In the ecclesiastical divisions it is not known as a separate parish, but is enumerated as a townland in the parish of Kill, in the diocese of Kildare ; the tithe rent-charge is payable to the vicar of that parish. Here are the ruins of a small church, rebuilt in 1609 on the site of a chantry of great antiquity ; under the west end is an ancient crypt, now used as the cemetery of the family of Ponsouby, of Bishops-court, in this county. In its vicinity are the remains of a round tower, on a steep hill ; the doorway is formed by a circular arch 10 feet from the ground, and 10 feet higher on the south side is a window of the same shape and dimensions : from the summit is obtained an extensive prospect, including the promontory of Howth.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 226

39. Oughterard church ruins and round tower, Kildare

    Oughterard · townland · Kildare · 1609

    In Oughterard parish, Kildare, are ruins of a small church rebuilt in 1609 on the site of a chantry of great antiquity, with an ancient crypt beneath used as the Ponsouby family cemetery. Nearby are the remains of a round tower on a steep hill with a circular-arched doorway and window.

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    OUGHTERARD, a parish, in the union of Naas, barony of South Salt, county of Kildare, and province of Leinster, 4 miles (\V. byS.) from Rathcoole, and on the road from Dubhn to Naas ; containing 460 inhabitants, andcomprising'2919^ statute acres. In the ecclesiastical divisions it is not known as a separate parish, but is enumerated as a townland in the parish of Kill, in the diocese of Kildare ; the tithe rent-charge is payable to the vicar of that parish. Here are the ruins of a small church, rebuilt in 1609 on the site of a chantry of great antiquity ; under the west end is an ancient crypt, now used as the cemetery of the family of Ponsouby, of Bishops-court, in this county. In its vicinity are the remains of a round tower, on a steep hill ; the doorway is formed by a circular arch 10 feet from the ground, and 10 feet higher on the south side is a window of the same shape and dimensions : from the summit is obtained an extensive prospect, including the promontory of Howth.

    OUGHTERLEAGUE, or Aughterleigh, (hkewise called Bill) a parish, in the union of Cashel, partly in the barony of Clanwilliam, but chiefly in the barony of Lower Kilnemanagh, county of Tipperarv, and province of Munster, 4i miles (N. W.) from Cashel ; containing 1100 inhabitants. It comprises 26l6 statute acres, including the fine demesne of KiUeuure Castle ; and is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Ballintemple : the tithe rent-charge is £104. lu the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parish of Ballintemple : in each is a chapel.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 226

40. Oughterard waterfall and pearl-muscle river

    Oughterard · town · Galway

    Oughterard is beautifully situated on Lough Corrib, with a river descending from a neighbouring mountain forming a picturesque waterfall over rocks above the town. The river appears to have had a subterraneous source, with limestone rock projecting over the stream like a broken arch, and pearl-mussels with large pearls are found in it.

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    OUGHTERARD, a village or post-town, in the parish of KiLCUMMiN, barony of Moycullen, union and county of Galway, and province of Connaught, IS^ miles (W. N. W.) from Galway, and 1 18 (W. by N.) from Dublin, on the coach-road from Galway to Clifden ; containing 7 18 inhabitants. This place is beautifully situated on Lough Corrib, and is intersected by a river which, descending from a neighbouring mountain, and rushing over a mass of rocks above the town, forms a picturesque waterfall. The river appears to have had originall)- a subterraneous source, the limestone rock projecting over the stream for about 100 yards in length, in the form of a broken arch. The pearl-muscle is found in this river, with, sometimes, pearls of large size. Here are infantry barracks, at present unoccupied, for 7 officers and 142 non-commissioned officers and privates, with stabling for three horses. A chief constabulary police force, and a party of the revenue police, are stationed here ; and a receiving-house for letters is in connexion with Galway and Clifden. The town is much frequented by invalids for its chalybeate

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 225

41. Owey Island in the Rosses, Donegal

    Owey · minor feature · Donegal

    Owey (or Wye) is an island in the parish of Templecroan, forming part of the group known as the Rosses off the north-western coast. It comprises 301 acres, has 94 inhabitants, and rises to 340 feet above the sea.

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    OWEY, or Wye, an island, in the parish of Templecroan, union of Glenties, barony of Boylagh, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, 5 miles (N.) from Rutland ; containing 94 inhabitants. It forms one of the group of islands called the Rosses, situated off the north-western coast, and comprises 301^ statute acres. The highest point is 340 feet above the sea.

    OWNING, or Beaulieu, also called Bewley, a parish, in the union of Carrick-on-Suir, barony of IvERK, county of Kilkenny, and province of Lein- 414

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 227

42. Oyster and whitefish fisheries of Lough Swilly

    near Lough Swilly · estuary · Donegal

    Lough Swilly yielded soles and haddock, and oysters were taken from the island of Inch up to Fort Stewart. These fisheries formed part of the coastal economy of the Lough Swilly area.

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    The salmon fishery of the Foyle affords employment to 120 men, exclusively of the same number of waterkeepers : the fish is shipped principally for Liverpool ; some is also sent to Glasgow, and some pickled for the London market. The quantity taken annually on an average of three recent years was about 149 tons. The right of fishing in this river up to Lifford is vested by charter of James I. in the Irish Society, who by an act in the reign of Anne, are bound to pay the bishop £250 per annum, as compensation for his claim to some small fishings, and to a tithe of the whole ; but at present the Marquess of Abcrcorn and the Earl of Erne hold fisheries below the town of Lifford. The fishery off the coast is precarious, and frequently yields only a scanty supply, from the danger in encountering a rough sea experienced by the boats employed in it, which are only indifferently built : yet at other times the market abounds with turbot taken near Innistrahull and on Hemptons Bank, about 18 Irish miles north of Ennishowen Head ; with soles and haddock, taken in Lough Swilly and elsewhere ; cod, mostly off the entrance to Lough Foyle ; and oysters, taken in Lough Swilly from the island of Inch up to Fort Stewart, and in Lough Foyle from Quigley's Toint down to Greencastle. A new and very important trade as connected with the port, is the herring-fishery; upwards of 5800 barrels 264

    were ctired in a late j'ear, at the Orkneys, by Derry merchants, and the total quantity imported exceeds 12,000 barrels, one- half of which are cured by vessels fitted out from this port. Large quantities of oysters have been taken in the river Foyle since 1829.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 102

43. Oyster bed off the Spa, Tralee Bay

    Spa · town · Kerry

    An oyster-bed off the shore west of the Spa was dredged gratuitously by poor persons, who supplied oysters at 3d. per 100 during the season. Nearby seats included Frogmore Lodge, Plover Hill, and Oyster Hall.

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    SPA, a watering-place, in the parishes of Ballyna- UAGLisii and Clogherbrien, union of Tralee, barony of Trughenackmy, county of Kerry, and province of MuNSTER, 3 miles (W.) from Tralee : the population is returned with the respective parishes. This place, which is generally called the " Spa of Tralee," is finely situated on the northern shore of Tralee bay ; and its excellent bathiug strand and mineral spa, the latter of which is a strong chalybeate, together with the salubrity of its situation, and the fine views it affords of the Tralee and Dingle mountains, attract numerous visiters during the season, for whose accommodation several neat and commodious lodges have been erected. On the strand, which at low water is nearly three miles in length, races are generally held in the course of the season ; and a regatta in the bay has been lately established. Near the centre of the bay are the small rocky islets called the Samphire, to the larger of which aquatic excursions are often made ; and the drive along the strand, from the Spa to the town of Tralee, affords a delightful succession of marine and mountain scenery. Off the shore, to the west of the Spa, is an oyster-bed, which is allowed to be dredged gratuitously by poor persons, who furnish an abundant supply during the season at the rate of 3f/. per 100. Among the seats and lodges in the immediate vicinity are Frogmore Lodge, Plover Hill, and Oyster Hall.

    SPANCEL-HILL, a village, in the parish of Clo- NEY, union of Ennis, barony of Upper Bunratty, county of Clare, and province of Munster ; containing 169 inhabitants.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 297

44. Oyster beds of Lough Foyle from Quigley's Point to Greencastle

    Greencastle · town · Donegal · 1829–1837

    Oysters were taken in Lough Foyle from Quigley's Point down to Greencastle, and large quantities of oysters had been taken in the river Foyle since 1829. This formed part of the broader fishery economy connected to the port of Derry.

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    were ctired in a late j'ear, at the Orkneys, by Derry merchants, and the total quantity imported exceeds 12,000 barrels, one- half of which are cured by vessels fitted out from this port. Large quantities of oysters have been taken in the river Foyle since 1829.

    Derry is about 19 statute miles above the entrance to Lough Foyle, the approach to which is facilitated by a lighthouse on the island of Innistrahull ; and by two others of late erection on Shrove Head, Ennishowen, intended to serve as guiding lights past the great Tun Bank lying to the east. The limits of the port extend to Culmore, a distance of three miles ; the lough has been deepened under the direction of the Ballast Committee, in consequence of which, vessels drawing 14 feet of water can come close to the quays. At the entrance to the lough is a well-regulated establishment of pilots, under the superintendence of the Ballast Board. The Ballast Office was established by act of parliament in 1790, and remodelled by another act in 1833 : the port regulations are under the control of a committee of this establishment, consisting of the mayor and seven other members, of whom the two senior members go out annually by rotation, and who have the power of making by-laws. The corporation alone possessed the right of having quays prior to 1832, when they lost their monopoly, and private quays were constructed : they disposed of their interest in the merchants' or custom-house quays, in Nov. 1831. There are now 21 sufferance or private wharfs or quays, including two at Waterside, in the parish of Clondermot. A patent-slip dock was constructed in 1830, at an expense of £4000, in which vessels of 300 tons registered burthen can be repaired : prior to that period most vessels were sent for repair to Liverpool or the Clyde, and several large brigs have been built here since that date. Naval stores are brought chiefly from Belfast, but sails are manufactured here.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 102

45. Oyster Island, ancient Inishroras, granted by Charles II

    near Oyster Island · townland · Sligo · 1666

    Oyster Island in the Pool of Sligo, anciently called Inishroras, is remarkable for the purity of its herbage and for restoring diseased cattle. It was among lands granted by Charles II to the Earl of Strafford and Thomas Radcliff in 1666, and has two lighthouses.

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    OYSTER ISLAND, in the parish of Killaspic- BROWN, barony of Upper Carbery, union and county of Sligo, and province of Connaught, 5 miles (N. N. W.) from Sligo : the population is returned with the parish. It is situated in the Pool of Sligo, and comprises 33 statute acres ; it is remarkable for the purity of its herbage, and for restoring diseased cattle. Its ancient name was Inishroras ; and it is enumerated among the lands granted by Charles II. to the Earl of Strafford, and Thomas Radcliff, Esq., in 1666. On the island are two lighthouses, north and south.

    PAIN

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 228

46. Paired raths at Jamestown, County Roscommon

    Jamestown · townland · Roscommon

    Two raths at Jamestown are notable for their proximity, with encircling trenches that join together. The raths form part of the numerous ancient earthworks found across the county, many of which local people regard with veneration.

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    The most numerous class of antiquities is the raths, which abound in the northern and middle baronies, though less frequent in the south. No less than 470 are marked on the grand jury map of the county ; and the people generally regard them with veneration, deeming it unlucky to disturb or cultivate them. At Jamestown are two, remarkable for being situated so close to each other that the encircling trenches join ; there is a still more curious circular fortification at Lough Glynn, and at Oran are the remains of an ancient round tower. The monastic remains are also various and interesting : Archdall enumerates 50 religious establishments of various kinds ; and there are still interesting and picturesque ruins of Boyle Abbey ; of that at Clonshanvill ; of Trinity Abbey, on the shore of Lough Kea ; of the priory of Inchmacneerin, an island in the same lake ; of Tulsk Abbey ; of the Dominican convent at Roscommon; of Dcrane Abbey, two miles north-east from Roscommon ; and of Clontuskert Abbey, in the same vicinity. There are also a large old church and other ecclesiastical ruins at St. John's. Several remains of small castles are scattered through the county, undeserving of particular notice. The following are most remarkable : the old castle of Lough Glynn j the fortress on Castle Island, in Lough Kea, anciently belonging to Mac Dermct ; Ballynafad Castle, the ancient seat of O'Conor Roe ; the extensive ruins of Roscommon Castle ; those of Ballintobber Castle, belonging anciently to O'Conor Don ; the old keep of Athlone Castle ; the ruined fortress and fortified isthmus of St. John's; and the old castle of Ballinasloe. Old Coote Hall, in the parish of Tumna, presents curious remains of fortification in a tower and ruined walls ; and at Belanagare, Kilmore, and near Athleague, are ruined mansions, conspicuous by their tall ornamented chimneys and high gables. Among the other antiquities may be noticed the old bridge of Athlone, the inscription on which states it to have been built 4S3

    Rose

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 260

47. Pakenham's Fort near Lisnabin

    Lisnabin · townland · Westmeath

    On a hill near Lisnabin are the remains of works called Pakenham's Fort, commanding an extensive prospect. Numerous raths also exist throughout the parish.

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    The LIVING is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £804. 6. The church, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £100 and granted a loau of £1200, in 1816, is a handsome edifice with a well-proportioned spire, and contains the sepulchral vault of the Pakenham family. The glebe-house is a neat residence, and the glebe comprises 41 acres. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church : there are two chapels, situated respectively at Rathwire aud Rathfarne. Of several public schools, one is supported by the trustees of Erasmus Smith's fund, who allow the master £30 per annum, with a house and garden rent-free ; and two by Lord and Lady Longford : there is a dispensary. In the old parish church were several chapels or chautries, the largest of which was dedicated to St. Mary ; and at Clonfad, on the southern confines of the parish, was a very ancient religious establishment, of which St. Etcheii, who died in 577, was bishop : there are still some remains of the church. Numerous raths exist in the parish ; and on a hill near Lisnabin are the remains of some works called Pakenbam's Fort, commanding an extensive prospect. At Ratteen are the remains of a castle, in which the Lord- Lieutenant, who in 1450 had been made prisoner, was confined for some time. Many silver coins of the reigns of Elizabeth, James L, and Vol. n.— 121

    Charles L, and the protectorate, were found in two tin vessels, in ploughing near Grilfinstown.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

48. Palace of the Earl of Bristol near Moville

    Moville · town · Donegal

    East of Moville stood the splendid palace of the late Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry, complete with its temples and mausoleum. Beyond it lay numerous headlands extending to the cape of Bengore.

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    MOVILLE, a market and post town, in the parish of Lower Moville, union and barony of Ennishowen, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, 16 miles (N.) from Londonderry ; containing 595 inhabitants. This town, which was formerly called Bonafobble, is neat and flourishing, having of late rapidly grown into importance from its being resorted to as a fashionable bathing-place. It is pleasantly situated on the western shore of Lough Foyle, and consists of a square and three principal streets, with numerous elegant detached villas and bathing-lodges in the immediate vicinity, chiefly near the shore. During the summer season, steamboats arrive daily from Derry, Portrush, and other places; and for their accommodation, two wooden piers projecting into deep water have been constructed, which they can approach at all times of the tide. A market on Thursday has been established, and is well supplied with general provisions, fish, and fowl ; fairs are held on the 28th of Jan., April, July, and Oct., for cattle, sheep, and pigs. Petty-sessions for the Moville district are held every fourth Tuesday ; and a constabulary and a revenue police force, and a coast-guard, are stationed here. The town is favourably situated, being sheltered from the northerly and westerly winds by the lofty mountains of Ennishowen, and commanding on the south a fine view of the fertile tracts of Myroe and the Faughan vale, backed by the noble mountains of Benbradagh and Benyevenagh, in the county of Londonderry. To the east is the splendid palace of the late Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry, with its temples and mausoleum ; and beyond are numerous headlands, extending to the cape of Bengore. Among the principal residences in the vicinity are Moville Lodge, Gortgowan, Ballybrack House, and Drumawier House.

    MOVILLE, LOWER, a parish, in the union and barony of Ennishowen, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, 17 miles (N. N. E.) from London-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 175

49. Palatine colony settled on Kilcooly hills

    near Kilcooly · parish · Tipperary

    A colony of Palatines was established on the hills of Kilcooly parish, brought from County Limerick about thirty years prior by Sir W. Barker, Bart. They represent a distinctive settler community in the area.

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    KILCOOLY, a parish, in the union of Thurles, partly in the barony of Cranagh, county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster, and partly in the barony of Eliogarty, but chiefly in that of Slievardagh, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 5 miles (S ) from Johnstown ; containing, with the town of New Birmingham, 4006 inhabitants. Donagh Carbragh O'Brien, King of Limerick, about 1200, founded an abbey here for Cistercian monks, which, at the Reformation, was granted to the Earl of Ormond : the ruins are extensive, and contain a fine east window, and some handsome tombs of the Ikerrin branch of the Butler family ; the proprietor, W. Barker, Esq., lately erected a study, or summer-house, in them. The parish comprises 11,508 statute acres, of which the whole is arable and pasture, except about 300 acres of woodland : limestone abounds, and coal and culm are found on Mr. Barker's estate. The residence of Kilcooly Abbey stands in a well-planted demesne of above 1600 statute acres : on the eastern verge is a tower built to commemorate the battle of Waterloo, which, being on a high hill, serves as an excellent landmark. On the hills is a colony of Palatines, brought from the county of Limerick about -0 years since, by Sir W. Barker, Bart. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, and in 38

    the patronage of the Crown : the tithe rent-charge is £380. 15. 6. The church is a handsome structure, built in 1829, by a loan of £2000 from the Board of First Fruits. There is a glebe-house, for the erection of which the Board of First Fruits, in IS 18, gave £350 and lent £450 : the glebe comprises 23 acres, for which £42. 12. per annum late currency are paid by the rector. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish forms part of the district of Gurtnahoe, or Fennor, and has a chapel at New Birmingham. There is also a meetinghouse for Wesleyan Methodists. Some ruins exist of the castle of Grange. — See Birmingham, New.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

50. Palatine families settled at Kilfinane c.1740

    Kilfinane · town · Limerick · 1740

    Many Palatine families were brought to Kilfinane from Rathkeale around 1740 by the Right Hon. Silver Oliver, establishing a community that would later defend the town.

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    KILFINANE, a market-town and parish, in the union of Kilmallock, barony of Costlea, county of Limerick, and province of Munster, 5 miles (E. byS.) from Kilmallock, on the road from that place to Mitchelstown; containing 43,56 inhabitants, of whom 1782 are in the town. The town is situated in the midst of a group of mountains, by which it is surrounded on all sides but the north, where it opens upon the rich vale of Kilmallock. It consists of two principal and several smaller streets, containing 308 houses, many of which are large and well built, and have been recently erected by the Misses Gascoigne, coheiresses of the late R. Oliver Gascoigne, Esq., to whom the property belongs, and who have also built and furnished an hotel, flagg'^d the foot-paths, and made other improvements, which will in a little time change the aspect of the district for the better. Many Palatine families were brought hither from Rathkcale, about 1740, by the Right Hon. Silver Oliver. In 1793, the attacks made on the town by the Defenders were repelled twice, and the assailants were ultimately defeated by the Palatines and other inhabitants, under Charles Silver Oliver, Esq. ; at a later period, also, when an attack from the disaffected was anticipated', the respectable inhabitants armed themselves in defence 60

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 24

51. Palatine settlement at Kilflyn, Limerick, 1740

    Kilflyn · parish · Limerick · 1740

    Before 1740 the parish of Kilflyn in Limerick was waste and uncultivated. A considerable number of Palatines, a branch from the colony of Rathkeale, settled there and contributed to its improvement.

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    KILFLYN, a parish, in the union of Kilmallock, barony of Costlea, county of Limerick, and province of Munster, 8 miles (S. E.) from Kilmallock, and on the road from Limerick to Kildorrcry ; containing 177M inhabitants. This parish, which is situated in the midst of a group of mountains separating the counties of Cork and Limerick, was waste and uncultivated previously to the year 1740, when a considerable number of Palatines, a branch from the colony of Rathkeale, settled here, and contributed to its improvement. It contains 4S19 statute acres; a great portion is still unproductive, but much of the waste has been brought into cultivation, and at the head of Glenroe is a large tract of land equal to any in the barony for fertility. The principal mountains are Kilcruig and Coolfrie, or Houndscourt. Slate of good quality is quarried in the immediate neighbourhood. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £120. The church, a neat edifice with a square tower, was built in 181 1, by a gift of £700 from the Board of First Fruits, who, in 1819, gave £200 towards the erection of the glebe-house, which is a handsome residence; the glebe comprises 15 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Glenroe ; the chapel, situated in the village of Ballyorgan, is a small thatched building. There are remains of a Trinitarian monastery founded by St. Finian about the year 547, and rebuilt in 1296 by the Fitzgeralds, whose property in this parish now belongs to the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin. A considerable portion of the building fell down in 1835, having been undermined in digging for treasure supposed to have been deposited there.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 25

52. Palatine settlement at Rathkeale

    Rathkeale · town · Limerick

    A number of Palatines settled in Rathkeale and its neighbourhood, their neat cottages and farmsteads forming a striking contrast to most of the adjacent dwellings. The town, second in population only to Limerick in the county, had a mile-long main street crossed by the river Deel.

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    The TOWN is situated on the mail-road from Limerick to Tralee, on both sides of the river Deel ; in population, it is second only to Limerick in the county ; it consists principally of a single street, a mile in length, with smaller streets, and lanes branching from it. The river intersects the main street, and is crossed by a bridge now in a dilapidated and dangerous state. There are several large and handsome houses (most of which are uninhabited) and a few good shops ; but the town in general presents a poor and mean appearance : a number of Palatines settled in the town and neighbourhood, whose neat cottages and farmsteads form a striking contrast to most of the adjacent dwellings. There is a branch of the National Bank. The market, which is well supplied, is held on Thursday i the older fairs are on Feb. 7th, April 4th, June 1st and 19th, Aug. 5th, Sept. 18th, and Nov. 18th. Those of June 19th and Sept., which are chiefly for horses, are very much frequented ; those of April and Sept., are for horned-cattle, great numbers being sold ; the remaining fairs are principally for sheep and pigs. Besides these, a monthly fair has been recently established, and is well attended. All the transactions in the market and fairs are carried on in the open street. The town is a chief constabulary police station : the quarter-sessions for the district are held in it in January, March, June, and October ; and petty-sessions every Thursday. The court-house is a convenient building, but much out of repair. The bridewell is one of the largest in the county, containing three day-rooms, three airing-yards, and eight cells : it is under good regulations. The fever hospital, built in 1S30 near the town, at an expense of £400, has accommodation for 25 intern patients ; and there is a dispensary.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 250

53. Pallaskenry castle ruins of O'Donovan and Fitzgerald origin

    Pallaskenry · town · Limerick

    Near the town of Pallaskenry stand the ruins of a castle originally built by the O'Donovans and long held by the Fitzgeralds. An ancient silver bodkin was found in a quarry near the town, and part of a golden fibula was discovered in a drain near the church in 1834.

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    of a fund of £^18 subscribed by the Earl of Charleville, the County of Limerick Trustees, the London Committee, the Irish-Peasantry Society, and the County of Limerick Ladies' Committee. The fund is lent out in small portions, sometimes in money, but more frequently in wool, flax, and implements for manufacture, such as wheels, reels, and looms ; and is repaid by weekly instalments, in which the manufactured goods are taken at a liberal valuation. In seasons of scarcity provisions are issued, and articles for clothing and bedding occasionally. In consequence of the judicious management of the trustees, it appears that, at the end of the first thirteen years, a profit of £76 accrued from it ; and the habits of those for whose benefit it has been so successfully carried on, have been much improved. The new and elegant parish church stands at a short distance eastward ; and in the town is a small but very neat meeting-house belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists. Not far distant are the ruins of the castle of Pallaskenry, originally built by the O'Donovans, but for many generations in the possession of the Fitzgeralds. In a quarry near the town was found an ancient silver bodkin, weighing 5oc. '2rfr., now in the possession of Sir Vere Edmond de Vere, Bart. ; and in 1S34, part of a golden fibula, weighing 3oz., was discovered in a drain near the church. Numerous petrifactions have been found in a stream which flows through Currah and Hollypark wood, and also in the neighbourhood of Droniore lake, about a mile from the town.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 228

54. Palmerston, seat of the Earl of Mayo near Naas

    Palmerstown · townland · Kildare

    Palmerston, the seat of the Earl of Mayo near Naas, was an extensive pile of building with a family chapel attached, situated in a pleasing demesne with tastefully laid out grounds. It was one of several handsome seats embellishing the environs of the town.

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    The parish, which is also called St. David's, comprises 5527 statute acres : the land is of good quality, and, with the exception of some extensive pastures, is chiefly under tillage ; the system of agriculture is improved, and the district surrounding the town in a high state of cultivation. The environs abound with diversified scenery, and are embellished with several handsome seats, the principal of which are, Palmerston, the seat of the Earl of Mayo, an extensive pile of building, with a family chapel attached to it, and situated in a pleasing demesne, the grounds of which are tastefully laid out and kept in excellent order ; Oldtown, the family residence of Thomas Burgh, Esq. ; Furnace, of E. Beauman, Esq. ; and Forenaghts, of Lady Charlotte Wolfe. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare, united to the adjoining rectory of Carogh, and in the patronage of the Burgh family ; the rectory is ap-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 193

55. Palmerstown House, seat of Earl of Donoughmore

    Palmerstown · townland · Dublin

    Palmerstown House was erected by the Right Hon. John Hely Hutchinson, secretary of state for Ireland and provost of Trinity College, Dublin. It became the seat of his grandson, the Earl of Donoughmore, and is described as a spacious mansion on elevated ground commanding extensive views.

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    PALMERSTOWN, SOUTH, a parish, in the South Dublin union, barony of Uppercross, county of Dublin, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (W.) from Dublin, on the road to Lucan, and on the river Liffey ; containing 1411 inhabitants, of whom 201 are in the village. It comprises 1517f statute acres. Near the village, which is irregularly built, and in which the dwellings are of an humble character, was an hospital for lepers, previously to the Reformation. At the commencement of the present century here were extensive printing-works, large iron-works, oil and dye stuff mills, and wash-mills : lead and copper works have been established for 25 years ; there are cottonmills employing about 120 persons, and a flour-mill on the Liffey, which river bounds the parish on the north. A fair for the sale of cattle and horses takes place on Aug. 21st. The city police have a station near Chapelizod bridge. Palmerstown House, erected by the Right Hon. John Hely Hutchinson, secretary of state for Ireland, and provost of Trinity College, Dublin, and now the seat of his grandson, the Earl of Donoughmore, is a spacious mansion on elevated ground, commanding 416

    most extensive and rich views ; besides which, there are several pleasing villas, including Riversdale, Brook Lawn, Palmerstown, and Bellgrove. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the union of Chapelizod : the tithe rent-charge is £127. 10. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the union of Lucan, Palmerstown, and Clondalkin, and contains a chapel ; the priest is rural dean over his own union and those of Maynooth, Celbridge, and Saggard. On the tovvnland of Irishtown are the remains of an old castle, clothed with ivy, near which coins and bullets have been found ; and at Cruise river, a battle is said to have been fought between the Danes and the Irish. The parish gives the title of Viscount Palmerston to the family of Temple.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 228

56. Panoramic approach to Sligo from Manor Hamilton road

    Sligo · town · Sligo

    On the road from Manor Hamilton, a point where one emerges from the mountains offered a spacious and magnificent scene embracing the whole town of Sligo with its surrounding district. The approach from Dromahaire was also strikingly romantic.

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    head of the bay, environed by mountains and embosomed in a richly cultivated country, is strikingly romantic, especially in the approach from Dromahaire ; and on the road from Manor- Hamilton is a point where, emerging from the mountains, a spacious and magnificent scene, embracing the whole of the town with its surrounding district, open.s at once on the view. The approach to Sligo by the Dublin road is also very beautiful, having Lough (iill with Hazelwood demesne on the east ; the bay of Sligo, with its two bold headlands of Benbulben and Knockaree, on the west ; and in the centre the highly picturesque town of Sligo. Among the various residences that embellish the neighbourhood the most conspicuous is Hazelwood, the seat of the Wynne family, a noble mansion situated on a peninsula stretching into Lough Gill, and surrounded by a richly wooded demesne, commanding beautiful views over the lake and its wooded islands, terminated by the mountains which rise from its shores on the south. Adjoining Hazelwood is the demesne of Holywell, and in the vicinity of the town are numerous other handsome seats. The neighbourhood is resorted to as a bathing-place, but not to any great extent.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 295

57. Papal interdict on New Ross for destroying Crutched friars' house

    New Ross · town · Wexford · 1272–1307

    In the reign of Edward I. the town was laid under an interdict by the Pope after the inhabitants destroyed a house of the Crutched friars on account of the alleged profligacy of one of its members.

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    Its situation on a navigable river, in the heart of a fertile country, soon rendered it populous and wealthy. The same circumstances, however, exposed it to the predatory incursions of the neighbouring chieftains, to defend themsehes from which the townsmen, in 1^69, when they were grievously harassed by a feud between the Fitzmaurices and the De Burgos, resolved to secure the town by a wall. So anxious were they to accomplish this undertaking, that not only did the whole of the male population work by turns in companies, but many of the young women also aided in it ; to commemorate which, a strong tower or gate called Maiden Tower was erected eastward in the town, as a prison exclusively for persons guilty of offences against females. The walls inclosed a circuit of a mile ; and at that period the town coiild array for its defence, 363 crossbow men, 1'200 long-bow archers, 3000 pikemen, and 104 horsemen, a number of fighting men equal to its entire male population at present. In the reign of Edward I. the town was laid under an interdict by the Pope, in consequence of the inhabitants having destroyed a house of the Crutched friars on account of the alleged profligacy of one of its members. Another proof of its early importance may be adduced from the attempts made by the people of Waterford to deprive it of the privileges of a trading-port. The controversy, which commenced so early as the reign of Henry HI., was finally decided in favour of Ross by a decree of the English court of chancery in the reign of Edward III. In 1469 the town was partially burned by Donald Fuscus, then head of the Mac Murroughs or Kavanaghs ; and the inhabitants afterwards suffered so much from repeated occurrences of acts of lawless violence, that, in 14S3, they procured an act of parliament, empov\ering them to '■ reprize" themselves against robbers, and further enacting that no person should alienate his freehold in the town without the consent of the provost and council. The latter provision leads to the inference, that these acts of aggression were producing the effect of driving the wealthier and more respectable part of the population out of the town. This inference is confirmed by the preamble of a charter of Richard HI., which describes the place as being so reduced by this cause to extreme poverty and misery, as to be nearly depopulated. Another charter allows the inhabitants to treat and make truce with the Irish enemies, and to sell them provisions, even in time of war.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 263

58. Papal nuncio attempts national synod in Waterford, 1646

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1646

    In 1646, the pope's nuncio summoned all Roman Catholic clergy to Waterford for an apostolic visitation and national synod, intending to set aside the peace between contending parties. The inhabitants opposed the measure, fearing it would compromise their religious interests, and refused to assist heralds sent from Dublin to proclaim it.

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    During the civil war which commenced in 1641, Waterford experienced its full share of calamity. At the commencement of that year the city was, without any effort for its defence, surrendered to the son of Lord Mountgarret ; and the country around was laid waste by the insurgents, to whose cause the inhabitants were so attached, that the confederate Catholics had their printing-press here, under the conduct of a man named Bourke. In 1646, the pope's nuncio, with a view of setting aside the peace which had been concluded between the contending parties, summoned all the Roman Catholic clergy to Waterford, on the ground of an apostolic visitation, and for the purpose of holding a national synod. But so opposed to the measure were the inhabitants, fearing it might compromise the interests of their religion, that when the heralds came from Dublin to proclaim it, no one would shew them the mayor's house ; nor could they, after three days' stay, obtain from the proper functionaries any other answer than that the peace ought first to have been proclaimed in Kilkenny. In 1649, Cro.mwell, having surprised Carrick, crossed the Suir to besiege Waterford ; and although his army, from the fatigue it had undergone, did not amount to more than 5000 foot, 2000 horse, and 500 dragoons, the terror of his approach had such an effect on the citizens, who had refused to accept the troops offered to them by the JI.\rq.uess of Ormonde, that they sent to consult that nobleman about the conditions on which they should surrender the city. The marquess, however, assuring them that it rested only with themselves to do their duty and ensure their safety, they gladly accepted a reinforcement of 1500 men under General Farrel, and began to prepare for their defence. The siege commenced on the 3rd of October ; and Ormonde, struggling against desertion and other diRRculties, kept together some forces, with which he hovered between the city and Clonmel. Being surrounded with batteries and other fortifications, the city was thought to be sufficiently defended ; and Cromwell therefore adopted the plan of a tedious investment as the best mode of attack. On the 'iSrd, however, he despatched six troops of dragoons and four of horse to the town of Passage, about six miles to the south, and these taking possession of the fort which commanded the river at that place, the communication between Waterford and the entrance of the harbour was cut off. The serious inconveniences resulting from the occupation of this post by the enemy, rendered it necessary to make an attempt for its recovery, for which purpose General Farrel marched with some troops, ex- 637

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 381

59. Parish Church and RC chapel in Mitchelstown

    Mitchelstown · town · Cork

    The parish church at the south end of George-street is an elegant modern structure in the later English style with a lofty embattled tower and octagonal spire, visible from King-square. The Roman Catholic chapel, on an eminence above the market-house, is a handsome cruciform edifice with two octangular towers surmounted by cupolas.

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    The Parish Church, situated at the south end of George-street, is an elegant structure of modern erection, in the later English style, with a lofty embattled tower surmounted by a beautiful and finely proportioned octagonal spire ; and is seen to great advantage from King-square through the vista of George-street. The Roman Catholic Chapel, situated on an eminence above the market-house, is a handsome cruciform edifice, also in the later English style of architecture, and flanked in the front with two octangular towers surmounted by cupolas ; it is embellished with a window of elegant design, and strengthened at the angles with buttresses terminating in pinnacles. Kingston College, an extensive range of building, was partly erected during the lifetime of its founder, James, Lord Kingston, who endowed it with £25,000, to be vested in trustees, consisting of the Archbishop of Cashel and the Bishops of Cloyne, Waterford, and Limerick, to be appropriated, after the complet(,on of the buildings, to the maintenance of a chaplain, 12 poor gentlemen, and 18 poor gentlewomen, with preference to such as have been tenants on the Kingston estates. The chaplain, whose duty it is to read morning and evening prayers daily, to preach a sermon every Sunday morning, and to administer the sacrament at Easter, Whitsuntide, and Christmas, has a stipend of

    M ITC

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 154

60. Parish church and Waller monument in Newport

    Newport · town · Mayo · 1822–1826

    The parish church in the town is a neat edifice with an octagonal tower added in 1822, aided by a £410 Board of First Fruits grant. It contains a monument erected in 1826 by Lady Waller to her late husband Sir Robert Waller, Bart.

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    are several seats. The parish church, situated in the town, is a neat edifice, to which a handsome octagonal tower was added in 18'2a, and towards the erection of which the Board of First Fruits contributed £410 ; it contains a monument erected in 18'26 bj' Lady Waller, to her late husband. Sir Robt. Waller, Bart. There is also a Roman Catholic chapel. Close to the town is one of the Incorporated Society's buildings. The charter school which was formerly held within it, was broken up in 1818, on the withdrawal from the society of the annual parliamentary grant ; the premises, which are of large dimensions, were let to government as a barrack for two companies of foot, and new schools were opened in a detached building on the premises. On the withdrawal of the military in 1836, the barrack was surrendered by government to the society, and remained for some years unoccupied. The Rev. Mr. Hiffernan, the present rector, in 1840 rented the house, and '20 acres of ground in the centre of which it stands, from the society at £.50 a year, which sum is appropriated as the salaries of the master and mistress of their free schools ; and the rector, aided by the society, has thoroughly repaired the buildings, built a detached schoolroom in the court-yard, and established a flourishing scientific and classical boarding-school, now admitting forty boys, and under the management of an experienced master. There is a dispensary, which treats, on an average, as many as 3,500 cases annually. The horns of a moose deer were found in 18'26. Newport gives the inferior title of baron in the peerage of Ireland to the Earl of Roden.

    NEW-QUAY, county of Clare.— See Abbey.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 207