A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Portora Royal endowed school of Enniskillen

   Portora · townland · Fermanagh

   Within the parish was the Royal endowed school of Enniskillen at Portora, a handsome building erected at an expense of £4000. A sulphureous spring in great repute was also noted in the parish.

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   The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the titherent-charge is £180. The glebe-house, a handsome residence, was erected at an expense of £1 10", the late Board of First Fruits granting £3'2;5 and a loan of £461 ; the glebe comprises 78 acres, valued at £136. 10. per annum. The church was lately rebuilt at a cost of £1810, of which £1460 were from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Enniskillen. At Portora, within the limits of the parish, is the Royal endowed school of Enniskillen, a handsome building, erected at an expense of £4000. The interest of a bequest of £50 by Mrs. Noble is annually divided among twelve aged women. A very ancient religious foundation appears to have subsisted here, upon the .-site of which, Lisgoole Abbey was afterwards founded for Canons Regular by Mac Noellus Mackenleff, King of Ulster, about the year 1106. This establishment was destroyed by fire in 1360; and in the reign of Henry VIII., having fallen into ruin, it was surrendered by the last abbot to Maguire, tanist of Fermanagh, by whom it was assigned to the Franciscans, and the abbey rebuilt as a place of sepulture for the principal families of that country : at the Dissolution it was granted to Sir John Davies. Here is a sulphureous spring in great repute.

   ROSSTRUNK, an island, in the parish and barony of BuRRiSHOOLE, union of Westport, county of Mayo, and province of Connaught, 4 miles (\V.) from Newport. This small island, which is situated in Clew bay, and affords tolerable pasturage, is chiefly remarkable for its well-sheltered harbour, which has good ground for nearly a square mile, with two or three fathoms. There is excellent anchorage, especially for small vessels, which may go farther up the bay to Newport and Burrishoole.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 266

2. Portrane House and Evans family demesne

   Portrane · street · Dublin

   Portrane House is a spacious brick building, the property and residence of the Evans family, situated in a fine demesne of 420 acres well stocked with deer. The demesne contains some of the best land in the county of Dublin, with large and thriving plantations despite exposure to sea blasts.

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   PORTRANE, PoRTRAHAN, or Portraven (anciently called Portraehern), a parish, in the union of Balrothery, barony of Nethercross, county of Dublin, and province of Leinster, 4^: miles (N. E.) from Swords ; containing *S0 inhabitants. It comprises '21S5| statute acres, mostly poor land, having a great variety of substrata ; including red sandstone, conglomerate, limestone, and greenstone in rugged rocks, on the north side of the conspicuous promontory of Portrane ; and greywackeslate, clay-slate, greenstone-slate, and a great variety of conglomerates, and minor minerals, on the coast, all curiously intermingled. The coast is remarkably grand and bold; and the sea has worked its way into the rocks, so as to form several excavations of large extent, in one of which is a well of fresh water, called Clink. Portrane House, the property and residence of the Evans family, is a spacious brick building, nearly in the centre of a fine demesne of 420 acres, well stocked with deer, and commanding extensive and splendid views ; some of the best land in the county is within this beautiful demesne, and its large plantations are more thriving than is usual in situations so much exposed to the sea blasts. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the union of Donabate ; the rectory is impropriate, and the tithe rent-charge is £103, of which £80. -. are payable to the impropriators, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms a portion of the district of Donabate : the chapel is in the form of a T, and was erected, about 20 years since, on land given for that purpose by Lord Trimlestown ; it has a burial-ground attached, and there is a residence for the priest. About 120 children are educated in two public schools, of which one, for boys, is supported by G. Evans, Esq., by whom the 428

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   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

3. Portrush as historic landing-place of McQuillan's country

   near Portrush · town · Antrim · 1500–1625

   According to early annalists, Portrush was the chief landing-place in the territory of the Rowte or McQuillan's country. Sir John Perrot chose it as the landing-place for his artillery at the siege of Dunluce Castle. Under James I's plantation of Ulster it was made a creek to Coleraine.

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   the Skerries and having on the west a small but deep bay. According to the early annalists, this was the chief landing-place in the territory of the Rowte or M'^Q.uillan's country ; it was also chosen by Sir John Perrot, as the landing-place of his artillery at the siege of Dunluce Castle. On the plantation of Ulster by James I., it was made a creek to Coleraine ; but it latterly has absorbed all its trade, as the accumulation of sand on the bar of the latter port has rendered it very dangerous. A large artificial harbour has been just finished at Portrush, the entrance to which is 27 feet deep at low water, and which has not only secured to the place this advantage, but has considerably increased its trade ; the number of vessels now trading hither is 120, of the aggregate burthen of 10,260 tons. The principal trade is with Liverpool, Whitehaven, the Clyde, and Campbeltown. The chief imports are timber, coal, iron, barilla, and general merchandise : the exports are linen-cloth, provisions, grain, live stock, poultry, eggs, and salmon, the export of which last is very great during the season, which commences in May and ends in September ; the numbers of salmon taken off the shore have been much increased by an improved kind of net, but the principal supply is still from the Bann and Bush rivers. The grain shipped in a recent year exceeded 6000 tons; the butter, 8166 firkins. Steamboats ply weekly to Liverpool and Glasgow, and three

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   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

4. Portstewart, a remarkable creek on the Atlantic coast

   near Port Stewart · town · Derry

   The sea-coast from Portrush presents a number of creeks and inlets, of which the most remarkable is Port-Stewart. From there to the mouth of the Bann extends a strand of great extent and beauty.

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   The great natural divisions of the profitable lands are the rich and fertile vales of the Roe, the Faughan, the Foyle (with the liberties of Londonderry), and the Moyola i the shores of Lough Neagh ; the half valley of the Bann (with the liberties of Coleraine) ; and the seacoast, with the flats of Lough Foyle. The longest of the vales opening from the mountains is that of the Roe, environed by hills appropriated as sheep-walks, and in many places having midway up their declivities a sort of natural terrace, frequently two or three hundred yards in breadth. To the west is the nearly parallel vale of Fauglian, which, next to those of the Roe and the Moyola, displays (from Clondermot to the coast of Lough Foyle) one of the most delightful tracts in the county ; a considerable portion, however, is occupied by rough though valuable turbaries, while other parts are clothed with natural wood ; in the higher part the scenery is frequently romantic, and in other places is improved by round alluvial hills. The vale of the Foyle is highly improved, and comprises the western extremity of the county, in which stands the city of Londonderry. The vale of Moijola extends from the eastern side of the mountains of Ballynascreen, towards Lough Neagh, being bounded on the south by Slieve-Gallion. The borders of Lough Neagh form a low tract which presents a rich landscape, its surface being composed partly of gentle swells, and its fertility broken only by some extensive bogs. Around Ballinderry are considerable steeps, and at Spring Hill and over the town of Moneymore is a beautiful range of high land : beyond this, extends a low tract called " the Golden Vale of Ballydawley." Lough Neagh bounds the county for nearly six miles, when the Bann, issuing from it, immediately falls into Lough Beg, the Londonderry shore of which is five miles in extent. The half valley of the Baim is composed of bleak ridges or turamocks of basalt, with a few more favoured spots near the streams, but accompanied by a series of scattered bogs, bordering the course of the river. These sometimes comprise high and barren swells, with lakes and small bogs intervening. About Tubbermore, Fort- William, and Maghera, however, is a pleasing and more fertile tract; and the interior of the district bordering on the Bann is greatly enlivened by the woody scenery around Garvagh. The Sea-coast, formed by the Atlantic for 12 miles from Portrush to Magilligan Point, and thence for 16 miles by Lough Foyle, exhibits a succession of varied and interesting scenery. Commencing with Portrush it presents a number of creeks and inlets, of which the most remarkable is Port-Stewart, whence to the mouth of the Bann is a strand of great extent and beauty, succeeded by a range of cliffs rising boldly from the sea, on the summit of one of which are the mansion of Down Hill and the Mussenden Temple, built by the Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry. From Down Hill to Magilligan Point, a distance of 7 miles, is a strand extending a mile in breadth from the base of the mountains to the water's edge, and on which the whole army of Great Britain might be reviewed. Thence the coast turns nearly due south to the mouth of the Roe, presenting a dreary expanse in 256

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 93

5. Portstewart's rise from fishermen's huts

   near Port Stewart · town · Derry

   Proprietors John Cromie and Henry O'Hara transformed Portstewart from a group of fishermen's huts into a well-frequented summer residence within a few years. The town commands extensive views of the Bann estuary, Lough Foyle, and the Ennishowen peninsula.

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   PORTSTEWART, a sea-port and town, in the parish of Ballyachran, union and liberties of Coleraine, county of Londonoerry, and province of Ulster, 3^ miles (N.) from Coleraine, to which it has a receivinghouse for letters ; containing 603 inhabitants. It is situated at the foot of a branch of the great basaltic range of promontories, and commands an extensive view of the estuary of the Bann, the entrance into Lough Foyle, and the promontory of Downhill, with the peninsula of Ennishowen in the distance. The exertions of the proprietors, John Cromie and Henry O'Hara, Esqrs., have raised this place, in the space of a few years, from a group of fishermen's huts to a delightful and well frequented summer residence. Its principal street, which commands the view already described, consists of wellbuilt shops, having the mansion of Mr. Cromie near its centre ; at a little distance to the south is a street of smaller houses, and westward are a number of detached villas, lodges, and ornamented cottages, chiefly built as bathing-lodges by the gentry of the surrounding counties. In this portion is a castle, built in 1834 by Mr. O'Hara, on a projecting cliff over the sea ; tlie road to it is cut in traverses through the rock on which it stands, thus giving it the character of a chieftain's fortress of the feudal ages. Numerous vehicles ply to Coleraine ; and steamers frequently arrive off the port from Liverpool, the Clyde, Londonderry, and occasionally from Belfast. A mile from the town is the parish church of Agherton ; divine service is also performed in a school-house in the place. There are a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and a chapel for ■Wesleyan Methodists. The town is plentifully su])plied with wild-fowl, round and flat fish, and herrings, of which last one of the most productive fisheries is off this port and on the coast of Ennishowen. The air here is serene and pure, the scenery picturesque, the country well cultivated, and embellished with elegant mansions, the principal of which, besides those already noticed, are Cromore, Flowerfield, Low Rock, and Blackrock. The vicinity presents a variety of objects of geological interest, especially at the castle, and near the creek of Port-na-happel, where is a rock of the colour and appearance of Castile soap, which, on being burnt, emits a sulphureous smell, and leaves a purple cinder : here also are large layers of zeolite, steatite, and ochre, among the rocks of basalt. Not far from the town is the old channel of the Bann, from which the new channel has shifted nearly a mile westward : between the two are large drifts of sand blown in from the sea, and covering many acres of excellent land.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

6. Portumna castle built by Richard de Burgo c.1226

   Portumna · town · Galway · 1226–1610

   Henry III granted Portumna to Richard de Burgo about 1226, who soon erected a castle whose ruins could still be traced. The manor descended through the Mortimer family to the Earl of Clanricarde, confirmed to him in 1610 with castle, monastery, fair, and markets.

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   PORTUMNA, a market and post town, in the parish of LicKMOLAssY, uniou of LovGHREA, barouy of Lo.sc- FORD, county of Galway, and province of Connavght. 14 miles (S. E.)* from Loughrea, and 7S (W. by S.) from Dublin ; containing 1643 inhabitants. This place was granted by Henry III., about the jear 1226, to Richard de Burgo, by whom a castle was soon afterwards erected, the ruins of which may still be traced. The manor descended by marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of William de Burgo, Earl of Ulster, to Lionel, Duke of

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   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

7. Portumna Castle destroyed by fire, 1826

   Portumna · town · Galway · 1826

   Portumna Castle, a noble Elizabethan-style structure probably erected during Elizabeth's reign and seat of the Marquess of Clanricarde, was destroyed by accidental fire in 1826. Only the walls remained and the offices were fitted up as a temporary residence for the countess dowager.

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   Portumna Castle, the seat of the Marquess of Clanricarde, a noble structure in the Elizabethan style, and probably erected during that reign, was destroyed by an accidental fire in 1826 ; the walls only remain, and the offices have been fitted up as a temporary residence for the countess dowager. The remains of the ancient castle built by De Burgo, which was situated close to the river, were taken down a few years since. The parish church, a handsome structure of hewn limestone, with the spire, is situated in the town ; it was built in 1832, at an expense of £1500, advanced on loan by the Board of First Fruits. The Roman Catholic chapel, built in 1826, at an expense of £1200, is an elegant cruciform building in an inclosed square of an acre of ground, given by the Marquess of Clanricarde for the building and a burial-ground. There are considerable remains of the Dominican friary, the walls of which are in a tolerably perfect state : the church was cruciform, and of elegant design ; three of the arches which supported the tower are still entire, and several of the windows, particularly the east window of the choir, are enriched with tracery. The ruins are partly concealed by trees, and intertwined with ivy ; and, from their retired situation, have a very interesting appearance. The tenants of the marquess in this neighbourhood, who have their land on reasonable terms, and are in comfortable circumstances, testify a growing taste for improving the cultivation of their farms.

   POTTERCHA, a village, in the parish of Kilskyre, barony of Upper Kells, county of Meath, and province of Leinster ; containing about 22 houses and 124 inhabitants.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

8. Portumna parish church built 1832

   Portumna · town · Galway · 1832

   The parish church at Portumna, a handsome hewn limestone structure with a spire, was built in 1832 at a cost of £1,500 advanced on loan by the Board of First Fruits. It is situated in the town.

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   Portumna Castle, the seat of the Marquess of Clanricarde, a noble structure in the Elizabethan style, and probably erected during that reign, was destroyed by an accidental fire in 1826 ; the walls only remain, and the offices have been fitted up as a temporary residence for the countess dowager. The remains of the ancient castle built by De Burgo, which was situated close to the river, were taken down a few years since. The parish church, a handsome structure of hewn limestone, with the spire, is situated in the town ; it was built in 1832, at an expense of £1500, advanced on loan by the Board of First Fruits. The Roman Catholic chapel, built in 1826, at an expense of £1200, is an elegant cruciform building in an inclosed square of an acre of ground, given by the Marquess of Clanricarde for the building and a burial-ground. There are considerable remains of the Dominican friary, the walls of which are in a tolerably perfect state : the church was cruciform, and of elegant design ; three of the arches which supported the tower are still entire, and several of the windows, particularly the east window of the choir, are enriched with tracery. The ruins are partly concealed by trees, and intertwined with ivy ; and, from their retired situation, have a very interesting appearance. The tenants of the marquess in this neighbourhood, who have their land on reasonable terms, and are in comfortable circumstances, testify a growing taste for improving the cultivation of their farms.

   POTTERCHA, a village, in the parish of Kilskyre, barony of Upper Kells, county of Meath, and province of Leinster ; containing about 22 houses and 124 inhabitants.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

9. Portumna Roman Catholic chapel built 1826

   Portumna · town · Galway · 1826

   The Roman Catholic chapel at Portumna, an elegant cruciform building erected in 1826 at a cost of £1,200, stands in an enclosed square of one acre given by the Marquess of Clanricarde for the building and a burial-ground.

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   Portumna Castle, the seat of the Marquess of Clanricarde, a noble structure in the Elizabethan style, and probably erected during that reign, was destroyed by an accidental fire in 1826 ; the walls only remain, and the offices have been fitted up as a temporary residence for the countess dowager. The remains of the ancient castle built by De Burgo, which was situated close to the river, were taken down a few years since. The parish church, a handsome structure of hewn limestone, with the spire, is situated in the town ; it was built in 1832, at an expense of £1500, advanced on loan by the Board of First Fruits. The Roman Catholic chapel, built in 1826, at an expense of £1200, is an elegant cruciform building in an inclosed square of an acre of ground, given by the Marquess of Clanricarde for the building and a burial-ground. There are considerable remains of the Dominican friary, the walls of which are in a tolerably perfect state : the church was cruciform, and of elegant design ; three of the arches which supported the tower are still entire, and several of the windows, particularly the east window of the choir, are enriched with tracery. The ruins are partly concealed by trees, and intertwined with ivy ; and, from their retired situation, have a very interesting appearance. The tenants of the marquess in this neighbourhood, who have their land on reasonable terms, and are in comfortable circumstances, testify a growing taste for improving the cultivation of their farms.

   POTTERCHA, a village, in the parish of Kilskyre, barony of Upper Kells, county of Meath, and province of Leinster ; containing about 22 houses and 124 inhabitants.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

10. Portumna wooden bridge over the Shannon

    Portumna · town · Galway · 1796–1818

    A wooden bridge 766 feet long was built over the Shannon at Portumna in 1796 by American architect Mr. Cox, the only bridge between Munster and Connaught from Banagher to Killaloe. The Galway part was destroyed by flood in 1814, rebuilt in 1818 under Alexander Nimmo, and was in a very dilapidated condition by the time of writing.

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    The TOWN is beautifully situated on the river Shannon, which here divides into two channels, forming an island, through the centre of which the line of separation between the counties of Galway and Tipperary passes ; it contains 25" houses, the greater number well built and covered with slate. The wooden bridge over the Shannon, built in 1796, by Mr. Cox, the American architect, is 766 feet in length, namely, 391 feet from the Galway shore to the island in the river, and 375 feet thence to the Tipperary shore. The Galway part was destroyed by a great flood in 1S14, but was rebuilt and the whole repaired in 1818, under the superintendence of Mr. Alexander Nimmo : it is now in a very dilapidated condition, to the great injury of the trade of the town, but is about to be rebuilt ; for which purpose a plan has been submitted to the Board of Works by Mr. Rhodes, which includes a swivel-bridge of 40 feet span, to allow vessels navigating the Shannon to pass without lowering their masts. This is the only bridge between Munster and Connaught, from Banagher to Killaloe, a distance of 37 miles. The chief TRADE is in corn, great quantities of which are sent in from the county of Galway ; and since the improved navigation of the river by steam-vessels, it has very much increased : there are some large flour-mills, and an extensive brewery. The market is on Saturday, and is abundantly supplied with grain and provisions of all kinds : the average quantity of beef slaughtered for the weekly market is from 12 to 15 cwt., and of mutton, from 18 to 20 stone of 141b. each. Fairs are held on Feb. 15th, May 6th, Aug. 1 5th, Oct. 17th, and Nov. 15th, at which great numbers of* pigs are purchased for the Limerick and Dublin markets. This is the station at which passengers from Dublin to Limerick and the south of Ireland are transferred to the larger steam-vessels navigating the Shannon ; and the residence of the chief constable of police for the barony of Longford. Petty-sessions are held. 430

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

11. Port Ushet winter haven on Rathlin

    near Rathlin Island · island or archipelago · Antrim

    Port Ushet is the principal creek on the eastern side of Rathlin Island where the island's craft shelter during winter. The people of this part of the island are principally fishermen who carry on a small trade by barter.

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    Barley of excellent quality, and cattle, are sent off from this place ; the former is chiefly purchased by Scottish merchants. Kelp was formerly made in great quantities ; its manufacture was the chief source of wealth to the inhabitants ; but since the bleachers have discontinued the use of it, there is very little demand : the chief markets for it are Campbelltown, and Glasgow. There are two storehouses, one for kelp and one for barley, erected by the Rev. Mr. Gage, proprietor of the island, for the purpose of collecting the produce of his tenantry ; there is also a mill for grinding oats. The horses, cattle, and sheep, are all small. Church bay, though affording good anchorage, is exposed to the violence of the western winds, during the prevalence of which no vessel can ride here in safety ; the only other havens are some creeks on the eastern side, the principal of which is Port Ushet, where the craft belonging to the island shelter during the winter. The people of this part of the island are principally fishermen, who make short voyages, and carry on a little trade by way of barter ; they all speak the English language, while in the western part of the island the Irish language is universal. The inhabitants, from want of intercourse with strangers, have many peculiarities ; they are simple, laborious, and honest people, entertaining an ardent affection for their island, which alone they regard as their country, and speaking of Ireland as of a foreign land. They are very dexterous in seeking for the nests of sea-fowl, for which purpose they swing themselves down the face of the precipices by means of a rope secured to a stake on the summit. Catholics and Protestants generally live together in the greatest harmon}', undisturbed by the difference of religion ; they frequently intermarry : scarcely was an individual ever known to emigrate formerly, but many young men have gone to America of late years. There is neither any town nor regular village ; the dwellings of the inhabitants are irregularly scattered throughout the island. The proprietor is constantly resident, and acts as magistrate. A coast-guard station for one officer and six men, one of the eight that constitute the district of Ballycastle, has been established here.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 251

12. Pottery and tile manufacture at Clohass

    Clohass · townland · Wexford

    At Clohass, coarse pottery-ware and tiles were manufactured to some extent. Good argillaceous slaty stone was also quarried locally for building.

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    The PARISH, which is bounded on the north by the river Urrin, comprises 1*07^ statute acres, chiefly under tillage. The soil is in some parts shingly, and in others loamy and inclining to a yellowish clay ; the state of agriculture is improving, and there is but a very small portion of bog or waste land. Good stone of an argillaceous slaty kind is quarried for building; and at Clohass the manufacture of coarse pottery-ware and tiles is carried on to some extent. The principal seats are Dunsinane, Verona, and Clohass. In 1806, the townlands of Clohass, Scobin, and Jamestown were separated from the parish of Rossdroit, and constituted a distinct parish under the name of Templescobin. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is about £100. The church is a small neat edifice, in the later English style, with a handsome square tower surmounted by angular turrets ; it was completed in 1S1~, by aid of a gift of £800 from the Board of First Fruits, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have since granted £158 for its repair. There was formerly a good glebe, which adjoined, on the western side, what now constitutes the village of Scoby ; but its boundaries were destroyed in the civil commotions of the country, and the glebe became lost. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is within the district of Davidstown. The old church and churchyard were situated on the side of the road to Ross ; and some parts of the walls of the church were standing in ISO* ; but as the limits of the churchyard had long previously become undefined and it had ceased to be a burial place in consequence of having been profaned, a new site for the church was obtained, and every vestige of the former one was soon swept entirely away. The Rev. "Fhomas Cranfield, author of a Harmony of the Gospels \\h\c\i obtained a college premium, is the present rector of the parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 327

13. Powers and O'Driscolls defeated at Tramore

    Tramore · town · Waterford · 1413–1422

    During the reign of Henry V, the Powers sept landed at Tramore and proceeded to Ballymacdane where they were joined by the O'Driscolls. A battle ensued with the citizens of Waterford, who defeated them with great slaughter.

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    TRAMORE, a maritime market and post town, in the parish of Drumcannon, barony of Middlethird, union and county of Waterford, and province of MuNSTER, 6 miles (S. S. W.) from Waterford, and Slf (S. W.) from Dublin; containing 1)20 inhabitants. This town is situated at the north-western extremity of the bay of Tramore, to which it gives name ; commanding a fine view of the sea, and sheltered by the surrounding heights from the prevailing winds. In the reign of Henry V., the Irish sept of the Powers, with their adherents, being then in a state of hostility with the citizens of Waterford, landed at this place, and proceeding to Ballymatdane were joined by the O'Driscolls, when a battle occurred, in which they were defeated by the citizens with great slaughter. The advantages of its situation and its fine beach, which is more than three English miles in length and perfectly firm and level, have made this town a favourite place of resort for seabathing by the inhabitants of Waterford and of the adjacent counties. Many comfortable lodging-houses have been built for the accommodation of visiters, and likewise a spacious hotel ; the town consists of 242 houses, and has a receiving-house for letters. A new line of road on a better level has been constructed from Waterford, and facihties of intercourse with that city are 596

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

14. Powerscourt Castle and the De la Poer succession

    Powerscourt · parish · Wicklow

    Powerscourt, called Stagonil in ecclesiastical records and Templebeacon in other authorities, took its name from the De la Poer family, who acquired it through marriage with the daughter of Milo de Cogan, a follower of Strongbow. De Cogan built a castle there to protect his territories from incursions of the mountain septs.

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    POWERSCOURT, a parish, in the union of Rathdown, barony of Rathdown, county of Wicklow, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (W. S. W.) from Bray, on the road from Dublin, through the Scalp, to Roundwood ; containing, with the town of Enniskerry (which is separately described), 3070 inhabitants. This place, which in the ecclesiastical records is called Stagonil, and in other authorities Templebeacon, takes its present name from the De la Poer family, to whom it was conveyed by marriage with the daughter of Milo de Cogan, one of the followers of Strongbow, who built a castle here to protect his territories from the incursions of the mountain septs of the surrounding district. The castle was, in 1535, surprised and taken by the Byrnes and O'Tooles, but was soon recovered by the English, and subsequently granted by Henry VIII. to a branch of the Talbot family : it was seized in 1556, by the Kavanaghs, and garrisoned with 140 of that sept ; but after an obstinate resistance it was taken by Sir George Stanley, and the garrison were sent prisoners to Dublin, where 74 of them were executed. In I609, James I. granted the castle and all the lands of Fercullen, with the exception of 1000 acres of the parish, now belonging to the Earl of Rathdowne, to Sir Richard Wingfield, ancestor of the present Lord Powerscourt, as a reward for his services in suppressing a rebellion in Ulster raised in I6OS by Sir Cahir O'Dogherty and Sir Nial O'Donell, of whom the former was killed in the field,

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

15. Powerscourt Castle taken by Byrnes and O'Tooles, 1535

    Powerscourt · parish · Wicklow · 1535

    In 1535 the castle at Powerscourt was surprised and taken by the Byrnes and O'Tooles, but was soon recovered by the English and subsequently granted by Henry VIII to a branch of the Talbot family. It changed hands repeatedly amid the conflicts between native septs and English forces.

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    POWERSCOURT, a parish, in the union of Rathdown, barony of Rathdown, county of Wicklow, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (W. S. W.) from Bray, on the road from Dublin, through the Scalp, to Roundwood ; containing, with the town of Enniskerry (which is separately described), 3070 inhabitants. This place, which in the ecclesiastical records is called Stagonil, and in other authorities Templebeacon, takes its present name from the De la Poer family, to whom it was conveyed by marriage with the daughter of Milo de Cogan, one of the followers of Strongbow, who built a castle here to protect his territories from the incursions of the mountain septs of the surrounding district. The castle was, in 1535, surprised and taken by the Byrnes and O'Tooles, but was soon recovered by the English, and subsequently granted by Henry VIII. to a branch of the Talbot family : it was seized in 1556, by the Kavanaghs, and garrisoned with 140 of that sept ; but after an obstinate resistance it was taken by Sir George Stanley, and the garrison were sent prisoners to Dublin, where 74 of them were executed. In I609, James I. granted the castle and all the lands of Fercullen, with the exception of 1000 acres of the parish, now belonging to the Earl of Rathdowne, to Sir Richard Wingfield, ancestor of the present Lord Powerscourt, as a reward for his services in suppressing a rebellion in Ulster raised in I6OS by Sir Cahir O'Dogherty and Sir Nial O'Donell, of whom the former was killed in the field,

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

16. Powerscourt House and demesne description

    Powerscourt · parish · Wicklow · 1810–1837

    Powerscourt, the seat of Viscount Powerscourt, is a spacious mansion of hewn granite with elaborate fronts, grand interior rooms, and a demesne of about 2,250 acres. King George IV was entertained in the ball-room, where his chair of state is still preserved.

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    The PARISH, which is situated on the confines of the county of Dublin, and intersected by the Dargle river, comprises 18,938^ statute acres, of which "853 are fertile arable land, 5635 of inferior quality, and the remainder mountain. The surface is beautifully diversified, and richly embellished with handsome seats, highly cultivated demesnes, luxuriant plantations, and wooded eminences, finely contrasting with the rude grandeur of rugged masses of rock rising majestically from the narrow glens, and with the loftier elevation of the surrounding mountains. Pawerscourt, the splendid seat of Viscount Powerscourt, is a spacious mansion of hewn granite with two fronts ; one of them consisting of a centre with a portico supporting a pediment, in the tympanum of which are the family arms, and of two wings, each terminating in an obelisk supporting the crest : the other front has at each extremity a circular tower, surmounted by a cupola and ogee dome. The interior contains many stately apartments, among which are, a noble hall, SO feet long and 40 feet wide, richly decorated; and a ball-room of equal dimensions, with galleries on each side supported on lofty fluted columns and sumptuously embellished : the floor is of chesnutwood highly polished and inlaid, and the whole displays much beauty of arrangement and elegance of decoration. In this room King George IV. was entertained at dinner by the viscount ; the splendid chair of state [irovided for his use on that occasion is still preserved. There are some splendid paintings, brought over by the late viscount, and a handsome octagonal room entirely wainscoted with cedar. The demesne, the principal entrance to which is through a lofty gateway on Enniskerry hill, comprises ^250 acres, of which 500, constituting the home demesne, lie around the mansion; 550 in the deer-park ; and the remainder on the north side of the Dargle, which belongs to his lordship. From the terrace in front of the mansion is a fine view down a romantic glen, inclosed by impending mountains, among which the two Sugar Loaves are conspicuous, and terminating with the rugged outline of Bray Head ; and in every part of the demesne, which is richly embellished with stately timber and flourishing plantations, the scenery is replete with beauty.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 232

17. Powerscourt Park and Rosanna timber unequalled

    Powerscourt · parish · Wicklow

    The finest timber in County Wicklow is found in gentlemen's demesnes, with which the county is much embellished. The timber in Powerscourt Park and Rosanna is described as perhaps unequalled for grandeur by any in the island of Ireland.

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    Owing to the nature of the country, there is more natural wood than perhaps in any district in Ireland of the same extent ; it consists chiefly of coppices, usually cut at 30 years' growth, and which enrich some of the most romantic glens. But the finest timber is that in gentlemen's demesnes, with which this county is so much embellished ; that in Powerscourt Park and Rosanna is perhaps unequalled for grandeur by any in the island. Large tracts, however, adapted to the growth of timber, remain neglected ; although Dr. Frizell, of Castle-Kevin, Mr. Grattan, and some other proprietors, by their extensive and flourishing plantations on mountains of considerable elevation, have proved the capabilities of the soil. The natural growth of the county is chiefly oak, birch, and hazel.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 405

18. Powerscourt Waterfall description

    near Powerscourt Waterfall · waterfall · Wicklow · 1837

    The waterfall, approached through the deer-park, is embosomed in mountains clothed with oak woods, precipitating its waters in an unbroken volume from a height of more than 300 feet. After heavy rains it descends with tumultuous violence, the white foam contrasting with the dark foliage.

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    The GU'ji of the Ifaterfall, the approach to which is through the deer-park, is embosomed in mountains clothed almost to their summit with woods of oak ; emerging from these the cataract is seen in all its grandeur, precipitating its waters in an unbroken volume from a height of more than 300 feet, with scarcely any interruption from projecting crags, into a chasm at its base between lofty detached masses of rock. When not augmented by continued rains, the sheet of water is clear and transparent, and the face of the precipice is distinctly seen ; but after heavy falls of rain it descends with tumultuous violence, and the whiteness of the foam forms a striking contrast with the dark foliage of the surrounding woods. A slippery path beneath impending rocks leads to the summit of the precipice, from which the view downwards to its base is awfully terrific. The scenery is wildly romantic ; a picturesque wooden bridge, over a stream that runs from the foot of the waterfall, leads to a banqueting-room commanding 431

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 232

19. Poyntzpass Armagh portion built c.1790

    near Poyntzpass · population centre · Armagh · 1790

    The County Armagh portion of Poyntzpass was built about 1790 by Mr. Stewart, the then proprietor, who secured a grant of a market and fairs for it. The market was never established but the fairs were held on the first Saturday.

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    POYNTZ-PASS, Pointz-Pass, or Fenwick's-Pass, a small town, in the union of Newry, partly in the parish of Aghaderg, barony of Upper Iveagh, county of Down, but chiefly in the parish of Ballymore, barony of Lower Orior, county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 2f miles (S. W.) from Loughbrickland, to which it has a receiving-house for letters ; containing 643 inhabitants. This place was formerly an encumbered pass through bogs and woods, from the county of Down into that of Armagh, and from the O'Hanlons' to the Magennises' country : it derives its present name from this important military position having been forced, after a desperate action, by Lieutenant Poyntz, of the English army, with a few troops, against a numerous body of Tyrone's soldiers ; for which service he was rewarded with a grant of 500 acres in the barony. There are some remains of the castle which formerly commanded the pass ; and at Drumbanagher are vestiges of the intrenchment surrounding the principal stronghold of the Earl of Tyrone during his wars with Queen Elizabeth, called Tyrone's Ditches. Poyntz- Pass is now one of the most fertile and beautiful spots in this part of the country. To the south is Drumbanagher Castle, a handsome residence built in the Italian style, with a large portico in front ; and on an eminence above the town is Acton House ; not far from which is Union Lodge, in a beautiful demesne bounded by the extensive waters of Lough Shark. That portion of the town which is in the county of Armagh was built about 1790, by Mr. Stewart, then proprietor, who procured for it a grant of a market and fairs ; the former was never established, but the latter, held on the first Saturday in

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    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 233

20. Poyntz Pass forced by Lieutenant Poyntz

    near Poyntzpass · population centre · Armagh

    Poyntz Pass was formerly an encumbered route through bogs and woods between the O'Hanlons' and Magennises' territories. It takes its name from Lieutenant Poyntz, who forced the position against Tyrone's soldiers and was rewarded with 500 acres.

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    POYNTZ-PASS, Pointz-Pass, or Fenwick's-Pass, a small town, in the union of Newry, partly in the parish of Aghaderg, barony of Upper Iveagh, county of Down, but chiefly in the parish of Ballymore, barony of Lower Orior, county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 2f miles (S. W.) from Loughbrickland, to which it has a receiving-house for letters ; containing 643 inhabitants. This place was formerly an encumbered pass through bogs and woods, from the county of Down into that of Armagh, and from the O'Hanlons' to the Magennises' country : it derives its present name from this important military position having been forced, after a desperate action, by Lieutenant Poyntz, of the English army, with a few troops, against a numerous body of Tyrone's soldiers ; for which service he was rewarded with a grant of 500 acres in the barony. There are some remains of the castle which formerly commanded the pass ; and at Drumbanagher are vestiges of the intrenchment surrounding the principal stronghold of the Earl of Tyrone during his wars with Queen Elizabeth, called Tyrone's Ditches. Poyntz- Pass is now one of the most fertile and beautiful spots in this part of the country. To the south is Drumbanagher Castle, a handsome residence built in the Italian style, with a large portico in front ; and on an eminence above the town is Acton House ; not far from which is Union Lodge, in a beautiful demesne bounded by the extensive waters of Lough Shark. That portion of the town which is in the county of Armagh was built about 1790, by Mr. Stewart, then proprietor, who procured for it a grant of a market and fairs ; the former was never established, but the latter, held on the first Saturday in

    I'll 1 o

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 233

21. Poyntzpass, military post fortifying Loughgilly lake

    near Poyntzpass · population centre · Armagh

    Poyntz-Pass was a military post fortifying one end of the former lake of Loughgilly, which once extended several miles to Mountnorris as a continued morass. The other end was fortified by the post at Mountnorris.

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    LOUGHGILLY, a parish, partly in the barony of Lower Fews, and partly in that of Upper Fews, but chiefly in the barony of Lower Orior, or Orier, union of Newry, county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 4 miles (E. S. E.) from Market-Hill, and on the road from Armagh to Newry ; containing, with the district parish of Baleek and the village of Mountnorris {which see), 9S52 inhabitants. This parish, which takes its name from the lake on which it is situated, comprises 16,029| statute acres, including 80^ of water; 5299 are in Lower Fews, 2289^ in Upper Fews, and 8441^ in Lower Orior. The lake extended several miles in length from Poyntz-Pass to Mountnorris, forming a continued morass, and fortified by a military post at the former place, and at the latter by another erected by General Norris, from whom that station had its name; but with the exception of about 3 acres of water near the glebe-house, the whole has been drained and brought into cultivation. The land in the parish is fertile :

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 110

22. Praemonstratensian abbey of the Holy Trinity

    Tuam · town · Galway · 1199–1220

    An abbey for Praemonstratensian canons was founded in Tuam either in the reign of John or early in that of Henry III by a member of the De Burgo family, and was dedicated to the Holy Trinity.

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    supposed to have died in 540 ; and long after his death his bones were discovered, and deposited in a silver shrine, which was placed in a church or chapel called Temple-ne- Serin, or " the Church of the Shrine." Prior to the year 1150, Tirdelvac O'Conor, King of Ireland, founded a priory for Augustinian Canons, which he dedicated to St. John the Baptist; and in II6I Roderic O'Conor, then king, erected a strong castle of stone here, which obtained the appellation of " the wonderful castle." The town was shortly after destroyed by an accidental fire, but was soon restored, as in HI'S a great synod was convened here by Bishop Catholicus O'Dubhai, at which three churches were consecrated. An abbey for Praemonstratensian canons was founded either in the reign of John or early in that of Henry III., by one of the family of De Burgo, and dedicated to the Holy Trinity. In 1'244 the town, with all its churches, was destroyed by fire. In 1952, when Henry III. confirmed to Florence Mac Flin the Pope's bull for annexing the bishopric of Enaghdune to the see of Tuam, it was on condition that he should have a portion of land within the town for the erection of a castle, in exchange for other land of equal value. The same king by letterspatent granted to the Archbishop of Tuam a fair on the ^Sth of December and the seven following days. In 1356, the place was plundered and burnt by Charles Oge, son of William de Burgo.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 354

23. Prebend of Maynooth instituted 1384

    Maynooth · town · Kildare · 1384

    The prebend of Maynooth in the cathedral of St. Patrick, Dublin, was instituted by Archbishop Luke in 1384 at the request of Maurice Fitzgerald, Lord of Offaley, who reserved to himself and his heirs the right of presentation. The gross income of the prebend was £55 per annum.

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    with a handsome portico supporting a pediment, in the tympanum of which are the family arms, and connected with wings by an elegant corridor on each side; the interior contains many noble apartments, and, in addition to numerous family portraits, a collection of paintings by the first artists. The park, which is very extensive, is beautifully diversified with scenery of graceful and pleasing character ; in one part of it is a tower, from which a fine view is obtained of the surrounding country. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin ; the rectory constitutes the corps of the prebend of Maynooth in the cathedral of St. Patrick, Dublin : both are in the patronage of the Duke of Leinster. The prebend was instituted by Archbishop Luke, in 1384, at the request of Maurice Fitzgerald, Lord of OflFaley, reserving to himself and his heirs the right of presentation. The gross income of the prebend is £55. ". 8. per annum : the tithe rent-charge of the parish, amounting to £2*6. 18. 6., is paid to the vicar; and there is a glebe-house, an old building, with a glebe of si.x acres. The church is an ancient structure, supposed to have been originally built by Gerald, Earl of Kildare, as an appendage to the college founded by him in 1518: it was thoroughly repaired, and modernised, in ITT-l by the late Duke of Leinster ; but the massive square tower still retains its original character. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms the head of the union or district called Maynooth and Leixlip, comprising those two parishes and that of Taghadoe, in each of which is a chapel ; that of Maynooth was a very plain building, but a new chapel, a handsome structure on a larger scale, has been completed. In the vicinity of the town are the ruins of the old church of Laraghbryan.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 143

24. Preceptory of Tully annexed to Kildare bishopric

    Tully · parish · Kildare · 1678

    In 1678, Bishop Anthony Dopping procured the annexation of the preceptory of Tully and several rectories in the diocese of Meath to the bishopric of Kildare, in consideration of the see's poverty.

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    The Diocese of Kildare appears to have been founded towards the close of the "ith or about the commencenunt of the 6th century, by "^f C imlaeth or Conlaid, who, N\ ith the assistance of St. Bridget, then presiding over tlie monastery, erected the cathedral and became first bishop. The first English bi'-hop was Ralph of Bristol, consecrated in 1223, who ^^as at great expense m repairmg and beautifying the cathedral. The first bishop after the Reformation was iniliam Miagli, whom, in opposition to the Pope's appointment, and in vindication of his own supremacy, Henry VIII. advanced to the see, in 1540. During the prelacy of Alexander Craik, who succeeded in 1560, the see was reduced to great poverty by the alienation of several valuable manors, which that bishop exchanged with Patrick Sarsfield for some tithes of very inconsiderable value ; and it was further impoverished by Bishop Pilsworth, in 1604, after a fruitless attempt to recover the alienated property. The estates which had been alienated to Sarsfield became forfeited to the king during the prelacy of Bishop Price, who succeeded in 1660, and might have been recovered by a clause in the Act of Settlement ; but the bishop could not be prevailed upon to take the necessary measures at the time, and all the subsequent efforts of his successors were unavailing. Anthony Dopping, who succeeded in 1678, in consideration of the poverty of the see, procured the annexation of the preceptory of Tully, and several rectories in the diocese of Meath, to be held in coinmendam with the bishopric ; and If'ilUam, Dean of Christ Church, Dublin, who was advanced to the prelacy in 16S1, was for the same reason allowed to retain his deanery, which was thenceforward held by the bishops of Kildare ; who ranked next to the bishops of Meath, the other bishops taking precedency according to the dates of their consecration. Under the provisions of the Church Temporalities' act of the 3rd and 4th of William IV., the .see, on its recent avoidance, was annexed to the archiepiscopal see of Dublin, and its temporalities, including those held in commendam, are now vested in the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 20

25. Presbyterian meeting-house at Margymonaghan

    Margymonaghan · townland · Derry

    A meeting-house for Presbyterians is located at Margymonaghan within the parish.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £318. 15.; and the glebe-house stands on a glebe of ■23 acres, valued together at £36. 15. per annum ; the gross value of the benefice, tithe and glebe included, is therefore £355. 10. per annum. The church, situated near the ancient monastery of Duncrun, is a large and handsome edifice in the early English style of architecture, built in 1778; it has a steeple, furnished with a bell : the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £2*29 towards repairs. The old church, being in a decayed state and in an inconvenient situation, was relinquished as a Protestant place of worship, and was given to the Roman Catholic congregation, with the consent of the late Earl of Bristol, then Bishop of Derry ; but being after some time found unsuited to its purpose, a large and commodious chapel was built in the neighbourhood, towards the erection of which Dr. Knox, the late Bishop of Derry, and other Protestant gentlemen, contributed. The churchyard, being the burial-place of most of the old families of every religious persuasion, has been inclosed with a wall and iron-gate by parish assessment. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also parts of Dunboe and Aghanloo. At Margymonaghan is a meeting-house for Presbyterians. Hodgson Gage, Esq., bequeathed £'200, and the Rev. John Leathes, rector of the parish, in 1703, £100, to the poor; the interest is paid annually by two of the seven proprietors of the soil. The remains of an ancient encampment, and the foundations of a castle, were lately discovered in a strong position about half-way up the mountain ; it is supposed to have been one of the fastnesses in which the Irish secured themselves and their property during the wars of Elizabeth and Charles I. and II. The foundations of the abbey of Duncrun, and near them those of the old church, are the only traces of their former existence : the surrounding scenery is peculiarly grand and romantic. The ruins of Screen Abbey, noticed by Colgan in his Trias Thaumaturga, may still be traced on the townland of Craig. The Rev. John Graham was author of the Siege of Derry, Derriana, Annals of Ireland, and various other historical, statistical, and poetical publications. Dennis Hampson, the celebrated Irish harper, resided in the parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 313

26. Presentation convent built with Miss Gould's bequest

    Midleton · town · Cork

    A handsome Presentation convent building was recently completed on the road to Ballinacurra. Its erection was funded by a £10,000 bequest from Miss Gould of Doneraile.

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    of the Presentation has been recently completed ; it is a handsome building on the road to Ballinacurra, and consists of a centre and two wings, one of which forms the domestic chapel, and the other a school-room for girls, who are gratuitously taught by the ladies of the convent. This is one of the institutions for the erection of which Miss Gould, a sister in the Presentation convent of Doneraile, bequeathed £10,000. A college was founded here in I709, by Lady Elizabeth Villiers, afterwards Countess of Orkney, who endowed it with lands in the baronies of Kinnalea, Kerrycurrihy, and Carbery, in this county, vested in trustees with power to appoint the master. These estates were let by the trustees in perpetuity at a reserved rent of £'200 per annum, of which £100 are paid as a salary to the master : in this school have been educated several eminent men, among whom was John Philpot Curran ; it is a seminary of very high character. There are a dispensary and a fever hospital, the latter a handsome building.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

27. Presentation Convent erected at Tallow, 1836

    Tallow · town · Waterford · 1836

    A convent of the Presentation order was erected at Tallow in 1836 at a cost of £1500 on a two-acre site presented by the Duke of Devonshire. Rev. D. O'Donnell bequeathed £1000 towards its erection, and Rev. E. Condon completed the funding.

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    by the parishioners to the Rev. H. Brougham, their rector, who died in 1S31. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Estabhshed Church : the chapel is a handsome cruciform edifice, with a tower of hewn stone ; the interior is neatly arranged ; the high altar is of elegant design, and over a small altar of marble is a monument to the Rev. Denis O'Donnell, late P. P., with emblematic sculpture beautifully executed, representing Religion and Charity. A convent of the order of the Presentation was erected in 1S36, at an expense of £1500, on a site of two acres presented by the Duke of Devonshire ; the Rev D. O'Donnell had bequeathed £1000 towards the erection of the buildings, and the Rev. E. Condon, under whose superintendence they were completed, supplied the remainder. Almshouses have been erected under the will of John Boyce, Esq., who endowed them for the reception of six aged couples, to each of whom he assigned £10 per annum : the buildings, which are very neat and well adapted to the purpose, are situated at the southern entrance of the town. Near the Roman Catholic chapel are also almshouses for widows, erected, and endowed with £30 per annum, by a bequest of the Rev. D. O'Donnell. There are a dispensary and a fever hospital, to which the Duke of Devonshire liberally contributes ; and a house of recovery has been erected with funds charged on the estate of the late Mr. Boyce, who bequeathed £50 per annum to be apphed in promoting the convalescence of the patients. To the west of Tallowbridge, but within the parish of Lismore, is the ancient castle of Lisfinny, built by the Earl of Desmond, now converted into a handsome residence ; and on the confines of the parish, bordering on the county of Cork, are some vestiges of the castle of Kilniacow, which also belonged to that family.

    TALLOWBRIDGE, a village, in the parish of Lismore and MocoLLOP, union of Lismore, barony of CosHMORE and Coshbride, county of Waterford, and province of Munster ; containing 46 houses, and 258 inhabitants. — See Tallow.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 310

28. Presentation convent established in Tralee

    Tralee · town · Kerry · 1817–1837

    A convent for nuns of the Presentation order was established in Tralee about twenty years before the date of writing, with a small chapel attached. The Roman Catholic chapel was a spacious edifice entered from High Street via a fine tree-bordered avenue.

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    The parish contains 4605 statute acres : it is intersected by the small rivers Ballymullen and Leigh, which unite just before they fall into the strait or haven at the western entrance of the town. The soil is in general of superior quality, and chiefly in pasturage ; the system of agriculture is gradually improving : the parish contains some mountain pasture and shallow bog. Limestone and black marble are found within its limits : the materials with which the new court-house was constructed were chiefly raised from a quarry of fine limestone near the Castle green, which has been since filled up and planted. Sea-weed from Tralee bay is in general use for manure. The principal gentlemen's seats in the vicinity are, Ballyseedy, a finely planted demesne ; Oak Park, situated in grounds well wooded with oak, among which are some trees of singular size and beauty ; Belmont ; Ballard House ; Spring Lodge ; Lower Cannon ; Magh ; Chute Hall ; Spring Hill ; Arbella ; Plover Hill ; and Frogmore Lodge. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and in the patronage of Sir Edw. Denny : the tithe rent-charge is £306. 6. The glebe-house is a large and commodious building, adjoining the church ; the glebe comprises 11 statute acres. The church was enlarged in 181" by aid of a loan of £"2450 from the late Board of First Fruits, and more recently enlarged and thoroughly repaired by a fund raised by subscription and the sale of the pews ; it is a handsome structure with a square tower surmounted with pinnacles. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the greater part of the parishes of Annagh, Clogherbrien, and Ratass : the chapel is a spacious edifice, the entrance to which from the High-street is by a fine avenue bordered with trees. A convent for nuns of the order of the Presentation, established about '20 years since, has a small chapel attached to it ; and there are places of worship for Calvinistic Independents, Presbyterians, and 'Wesleyau Methodists.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

29. Presentation convent in Maryborough

    Portlaoise · municipal district · Laois

    A convent of the Presentation order in Maryborough consists of a superior and sixteen professed nuns who devote themselves to the gratuitous education of poor girls, with an average of 200 attending the school.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Leighlin, episcopally united in 1*21 to the rectory and vicarage of Kilcolemanbane and the vicarage of Straboe, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £294. ,5. 1. ; the glebe, in the parish of Kilcolemanbane, comprises one acre ; and the gross value of the benefice is £483. 10. *• The church was built in 1803, at a cost of £4000, towards which the Board of First Fruits gave £500 ; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners are about to have it new roofed and thoroughly repaired. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Straboe, Kilcolemanbane, Dysarteuos, Killeny, Kilmurry, and Kilteale. The chapel in the town is a spacious and handsome edifice ; on the outside of the front are busts representing the Four Evangelists. Chapels are maintained at the Heath and Rathenisca ; and there is a convent of the Presentation order in the town, consisting of a superior and sixteen professed nuns, who devote themselves to the gratuitous education of poor girls, of whom an average number of 200 attend the school. The Wesleyans and Calvinists have places of worship in the town. The parochial school-house was built at an expense of £250, of which £150 were raised by subscription and £100 granted from the Lord-Lieutenant's school fund. There are several national schoolSj and a Temperance Society has been established lately. The remains of the old church still exist ; there is also an extensive and very old burial-ground on the ridge adjoining it, and raths are to be seen in various parts. The only remains of Maryborough Castle are a portion of a bastion and the walls ; some ruins of Castle Clonrear still exist. Maryborough gives the title of Baron, in the English peerage, to the Earl of Moruington, nephew of the Duke of Wellington.

    MARY'S, ST., county Down.— See Newry.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 139

30. Presentation nunnery founded in Wexford, 1818

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1818

    A nunnery for the Presentation order was established in 1818 adjoining the Franciscan convent, erected chiefly at the expense of the late Mr. Carrol of the Faithe. The chapel within was elegantly fitted up at the expense of the Countess of Shrewsbury.

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    In the Roman Catholic divisions the union or district of W^exford extends over the whole of the town and suburbs, and includes 11 of the 16 parishes constituting the Protestant union : of the remaining five, Drinagh, Rathaspick, and Kildavin are included in the district of Piercestown ; Carrigg and Ardcandrisk, in that of Glynn. The chapel of the Frajiciscaus has been long used as the principal chapel of the Wexford union. The conventual Franciscans settled here in the reign of Henry HI. ; about the year 13S0 they obtained possession of the convent and church of St. Bridget and St. John, which had previously belonged to the Knights Hospitallers: at the Dissolution, the buildings and lands were granted in perpetuity to two laymen. The community at present consists of a guardian elected triennially at a general meeting of the Franciscan order in Dublin, and six friar.-. The convent is a plain edifice, with the exception of a modern addition erected for a library, which contains a valuable collection of theological works, chiefly of the early Christian fathers, and also books in other departments of literature. The building is surmounted by a turret with a cupola and cross, and furnished with a clock ; it was erected under the superintendence of the Rev. R. Walsh, late guardian of the convent, who, with the aid of a subscription for the purpose, also collected the library, chiefly from the continent. The chapel, dedicated to St. John and St. Bridget, and supposed to occupy the site of that of the ancient monastery of the Franciscans, is a large unornamented pile : the burial-ground attached to it has been enlarged, and a commodious house for the clergyman has been built adjoining the chapel, at an expense of about £1000. A nunnery was established in 1818 for the order of the Presentation. The house, adjoining the Franciscan convent and erected principally at the expense of the late Mr. Carrol, of the Faithe, contains a small chapel elegantly fitted up at the expense of the Countess of Shrewsbury, who presented £200 for that purpose ; it is open on Sundays as a public place ot worship. Beneath the chapel is a commodious schoolroom, in which the girls originally attached to the Lancasterian school, and those belonging to the Redmond female-orphan house, are gratuitously educated by the ladies of the order, and also instructed in useful and ornamental needle-work. Tlie U'esteyan Methodists have

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 399

31. Preserved body of suicide victim found in Rasharkin bog

    near Rasharkin · parish · Antrim · 1776–1827

    The body of a man who had committed suicide in 1776 and was buried in a bog in the mountain was found in 1827 without the smallest signs of decomposition. The discovery was made in the parish of Rasharkin, County Antrim.

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    dallock without cure. The glebe-h6use, having been found by the present incumbent in a dilapidated and uninhabitable state on his admission to the benefice, has been put into complete repair by him, at an expense of £3693, without any demand on his successor for the repayment of any portion : the glebe consists of 50a. 345P. statute measure, valued at 18s. 6d. per acre. The church is a small but very beautiful edifice in a commanding situation. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is united with that of Finvoy : both have chapels ; that of Rasharkin is in the village, in which is also a place of worship for Presbyterians. There are several raths in the parish : one of these, at Lisnacannon, is of very large dimensions ; it has two fosses and three ramparts, and covers nearly an acre and a half of ground. Several silver coins, of the reigns of Stephen, John, and Richard III., and of Robert and David Bruce, have been found here ; and an artificial cavern discovered near the church. The body of a man who had committed suicide in 17/6, and had been buried in a bog in the mountain, was found in 1827, without the smallest signs of decomposition.

    RASHEE, a parish, in the barony of Upper Antrim, union and county of Antrim, and province of Ulster, 2 miles (N. W.) from Ballyclare, and on the road from Larne to Broughshane ; containing 1545 inhabitants. This parish comprises 6460i statute acres. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Connor ; one portion of it forming part of the union and corps of the prebend of Carncastle, and the remainder constituting part of the perpetual cure of Ballyeaston. — See Ballyeaston and Carncastle.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 245

32. Primary rock range from Croagh Patrick into Joyces' Country

    near Croagh Patrick · mountain or mountain range · Mayo

    The primary rocks pass from Castlebar to the shore of Clew Bay and join a primary range commencing at Croagh Patrick, proceeding thence into Joyces' Country. This forms a key geological junction in Mayo's landscape.

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    The whole of the mountains in this county, in a GEOLOGICAL point of view, are of primary formation ; but rocks of secondary formation arc freriuently found overlaying the primary at the base of the mountains. The secondary formation, on the northern range, is red sandstone covered with slate-clay, which alternates with floetz sandstone ; as also, limestone alternating with slate-clay : to the south is the old red sandstone covered with floetz limestone. A line drawn from the southern shore of Achill, and continued along the southern base of Coraan mountain, would very nearly pass along the junction of the primary and secondary formations. The primary rocks pass by a narrow isthmus between the secondary rocks at Castlebar, to the shore of Clew bay, and join the primary range, which commences at Croagh Patrick and. proceeds thence into Joyces' Country. No secondary rocks are met with between Achill Head, on the west coast, and Balderric on the north. Near this latter point the secondary formation commences, and it continues without interruption along the coast by Downpatrick, Killala, and Sligo, to Ballyshannon. From the junction at the sea-shore near Balderric, the edge of the primary country takes a direction nearly south to Croghan mountain, at the base of which, in the bed of the Owenmore, the old red sandstone appears overlaying mica-slate. From Croghan the junction of the rocks may be traced to the northern base of Nephin ; and thence, crossing Lough Conn, it proceeds along the northern base of the range of primary mountains from Foxford to Ballysadare. The great mountain chain commencing at Nephin, and extending in a north-western direction by the valley of the Owenmore to Coraan mountain, is entirely composed, except at Nephin-Beg, of mica-slate and granular quartz rock. Nephin mountain, the strata of which are fully disclosed by fissures, is formed of mica-slate, of very variable proportions ; the stratification is for the most part nearly vertical, but irregular. The composition of Nephin-Beg is very similar to that of the larger mountain. The western part of the county between Achill Head and the north coast, is for the most part a low plain of bog on a bottom of mica-slate, backed by mountain ranges of quartz rock. In the island of Achill the rocks are chiefly quartz ; in the adjoining peninsula of Coraan, conglomerate sandstone. In the peninsula of the Mullet the country is mostly covered with silicious sand ; on the western shore, where the rocks are visible, they are more crystalline than the mountains on the east. Upon the whole, this part of Erris much resembles the i.?lands of Coll and Tiree in the Hebrides. At Dunfeeny bay, the alternating beds of sandstone and clay-slate are covered by almost innumerable alternations of thin beds of black shale and black limestone : many of the beds of black shale contain balls of clay ironstone ; some so carbonaceous as to soil the fingers very much, and to emit a dense black smoke when thrown on the fire.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 147

33. Primate Ussher's college lands at Mountnorris

    Mountnorris · townland · Armagh

    Charles I conveyed six townlands comprising 1514 acres at Mountnorris to Primate Ussher for founding a college for the classical education of Protestants. The college was ultimately founded in Armagh instead, but the lands yielded £1337 per annum.

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    MOUNT-NORRIS, or Port-Norris, a village, in the parish of Locghgilly, union of Newry, barony of Lower Orior, county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 3| miles (S. S. E.) from Markethill ; containing about 300 inhabitants. The village is situated at the southern extremity of a morass, now drained, extending from Poyntz-Pass, a distance of five miles : it derives its name from an important fortress erected in the reign of Elizabeth by Sir John Norris, to protect the pass between Armagh and Newry ; and, on the plantation of Ulster by James 1., received a charter of incorporati(m, and a grant of 300 acres of land. In the reign of Charles I. the castle was one of the strongest fortresses in this part of the kingdom. That monarch conveyed to Primate Ussher six townlands, comprising 1514 acres, for the purpose of founding a college here for the classical education of Protestants ; this college was afterwards founded in Armagh, which was considered a more eligible situation : the income arising from the lands is £1337 per annum. The village contains about 40 houses, mostly well built ; and has a sub-post office, and a place of worship for dissenters. Fairs are held on the second Monday in every month, for the sale of live stock, and are well attended.

    MOUNT-NUGENT, or Dalysbridge, a village or post-town, in the parish of Kilbride, union of Oldcastle, barony of Clonmahon, county of Cavan, and province of Ulster, 11 miles (S. S. E.) from Cavan, and 358

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 173

34. Primitive limestone at Lady's Cove near Tramore

    Tramore · town · Waterford

    On the sea-coast at Lady's Cove, in the immediate vicinity of Tramore, limestone imbedded in indurated clay-slate was found. It was of the primitive kind, capable of receiving a very high polish, though chiefly valued for other purposes.

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    The eastern portion of the county consists almost entirely of clay-slate, presenting a disposition of range and dip nearly approaching to that observed westward. Limestone, however, imbedded in indurated clay-slate, is found on the sea-coast, at Lady's Cove, in the immediate vicinity of Traraore ; it is of the primitive kind, and capable of receiving a very high polish, but is chiefly

    W ATE

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 374

35. Prince Rupert's fleet enters Kinsale bay, 1649

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1649

    In 1649 Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice entered Kinsale bay with a fleet to prepare for the landing of Charles II. Finding themselves blocked by parliamentarian admirals Blake and Dean, they escaped with four frigates to Lisbon, and the town declared for parliament on Cromwell's approach.

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    During the war of 1641, the Irish inhabitants were expelled from the town. In 1649, Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice entered the bay with a fleet, in order to make preparations for the landing of Charles II., but finding themselves blocked up by Blake and Dean, the parliamentarian admirals, they made their escape with four frigates to Lisbon ; and on Cromwell's approach in the latter part of the same year, the town declared for the parliament. About the year I677, the Duke of Ormonde erected fur the defence of the town and harbour a new citadel, called Charles Fort. James II. landed here on the l'2th of March, 1689, and after being entertained by Donough, Earl of Clancarty, proceeded to Cork. On the 14th, an army of 5000 French landed under the command of Count Lauzun and the Marquess de Lary, to join whom, James sent as many of the Irish under Major- General M'^Carty. On the 14th of April, Admiral Herbert appeared oil the harbour with his fleet, upon which the governor of Kinsale, Mac EUigot, mistaking it for the French fleet expected at that time, prepared to withdraw his forces that the French might take possession of the town ; but on discovering his error, he returned for its defence. On the surrender of Cork in the following year, Brigadier- General Villiers was sent to take Kinsale, which was immediately abandoned as untenable by the enemy, who dispersed their troops in the adjacent forts. Major- General Tettan and Colonel Fitzpatrick, therefore, with about 800 men, crossed the river on the ^nd of October and marched to the old fort of Castle-ni-Park, which they assaulted and took by storm : the garrison retired into the castle of Riogroan, but on their entrance, three barrels of their gunpowder took fire at the gate, which was blown up, and about 40 of them destroyed ; and Colonel Driscoll and about 200 of the garrison being killed by the artillery, the rest surrendered upon quarter. Charles Fort was then summoned, and the trenches of the besiegers were opened on the 5th of October ; a breach was made, and a mine sprung ; but just when the assault was about to take place. Sir Edward Scott surrendered upon honourable terms, and the troops were allowed to march out with their arras and baggage to Limerick. Brigadier-General Churchhill, brotlier to the Earl of Marlborough, was made governor of Charles Furt, and the town became the winter quarters of part of the English army ; the walls on the land side were on this occasion destroyed by order of government. In 1691, the English and Dutch Smyrna fleets lay in the port, while the grand fleets of both nations guarded the

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 59

36. Principal seats of Killuken parish near Carrick

    Croghan · townland · Roscommon

    The parish of Killuken (Killucan) near Carrick-on-Shannon contained four principal gentleman's seats: Crogan House, Cashell, Fairview, and Hermitage. The river Shannon skirts the parish and goods could be shipped from Carrick bridge to Dublin via the Royal Canal connection at Tarmonbarry.

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    KILLUKEN, or Killucan, a parish, in the union of Carrick-on-Sha.nnon, barony r)f Boyle, county of Rosco.M.MON, and jjrovince of Connaught, on the road from Carrick to Ballina ; containing, with part of the market and post town of Carrick (with the rest of which it is connected by a bridge over the Shannon), 2963 inhabitants. It comprises about 4831 statute acres, and is principally under tillage, although there are several grazing-farms ; the waste land consists chiefly of bog, most of which might be reclaimed, but at a considerable expense. Limestone of excellent quality abounds, and is quarried in several places for building and burning. The river Shannon skirts a small portion of the parish, and its navigation being connected with the Royal Canal at Tarmonbarry, goods can be shipped at Carrick bridge for Dublin. The principal seats are Crogan House, Cashell, Fairview, and Hermitage. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Elphin, forming the corps of the archdeaconry of Elphin ; it was till lately united to the vicarages of Kilbrine and Kilcorkey, and the rectory of Ardcarne, together forming the union of Killuken, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £76. 1. The church is a very old building. There is an excellent glebe-house, for the erection of which the Board of First Fruits gave £400 and lent £240, in 1816; the glebe comprises 13 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Eastersnow and Killumod, and parts of Tumna aud Kilcola ; which district is sometimes called Crogan and Ballynameen, aud contains chapels at Crogan, Drumacool, and Drumlion, in this parish. — See Croghan.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

37. Principal seats of Marmullane parish, Cork

    Marmullane · parish · Cork

    Among the principal seats in the parish of Marmullane were Pembrook, Ardmore, Grove Hill, Rockenham, Greenmount, and Horse Head, an elegant Tudor-style mansion amid beautiful scenery. Numerous villas and cottages were also occupied by Cork merchants during the summer months.

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    and province of ISIunster, on the western shore of the estuary of the Lee, opposite the Great Island ; containing, with the greater part of the post-town of Passage-West (which is separately described), ISCJ inhabitants. This parish is bounded on the west by the ancient liberties of the city of Cork, and on the south by Monkstown ; it comprises 529 statute acres, which, with the exception of about 4 or 5 acres of woodland, are arable and pasture, generally productive land, though light and rapidly absorbing moisture. Good crops of corn are raised, though the land is principally devoted to dairy-farms ; and agriculture is rapidly improving under the spirited exertions of J. Roberts, Esq., a large landed proprietor, who has introduced the Scottish system of husbandry and the most improved agricultural implements, at a great expense. The interesting character of the scenery, and the numerous views over the river and the adjacent islands, have rendered this parish very attractive for genteel families, whose pleasure-grounds and demesnes occupy much of the land. Among the principal seats are Pembrook, Ardmore, Grove Hill, Rockenham, Greenmount, and Horse Head, an elegant mansion in the Tudor style of architecture, situated amidst beautiful scenery ; besides which there are numerous villas, cottages, &c., principally occupied during the summer months by merchants and other inhabitants of Cork.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 138

38. Principal seats of Templemore parish

    near Templemore · parish · Derry

    Several principal seats are noted in Templemore parish, including The Farm (Sir R. A. Ferguson), Boom Hall (Earl of Caledon, residence of the Bishop of Derry), Brook Hall (Sir George Hill, remarkable for its grounds), Thorn Hill, Ballinagard, Belmont, Foyle Hill, Milton Lodge, and Troy House.

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    Culmore, below the fort. It has long been contemplated to connect Loughs Foyle and Swilly by a canal ; but though the district through which the line would pass is well adapted for it, a difliculty presents itself in the circumstance of the Swilly at the Burnfoot, which is separated from the Foyle by a neck of land only three miles broad, rising and falling at spring tides 18 feet : this is twice as much as at Londonderry, and therefore the surfaces of the loughs at high water stand at different levels. In July, 1846, an act was passed for draining and embanking the two loughs. Among the principal seats are. The Farm, the property of Sir R. A. Ferguson, Bart. ; Boom Hall, the property of the Earl of Caledon, and the residence of the Bishop of Derry ; Brook Hall, remarkable for the beauty of its grounds, the seat of Sir George Hill, Bart.; Thorn Hill; Balliuagard ; Belmont ; Foyle Hill ; Milton Lodge ; and Troy II(mse. The bishop's demesne, though it is not his residence, may also be included under this head. Casina, erected by the late Earl of Bristol, is situated in the suburbs of the city, close to the bishop's gardens, commanding a fine view of the river and the scenery on its opposite bank ; although irregularly built, it presents a handsome front, and the principal apartment is decorated with paintings in chiaro-oscuro.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 324

39. Principal seats of Tuam parish

    Tuam · town · Galway

    The parish of Tuam contains several principal seats including Birmingham (property of the Earl of Louth, uninhabited), Gardenfield, Queensfort, Wilfort, Tullinadaly, Kilclooney, and Ballygaddy. The land is generally of good quality and in profitable cultivation.

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    The parish comprises 25,01 5f statute acres : the land is generally of good quality, and in a state of profitable cultivation. The principal seats are, Birmingham, the property of the Earl of Louth, at present uninhabited ; Gardenfield ; Queensfort ; Wilfort ; Tullinadaly ; Kilclooney ; and Ballygaddy. The living of Tuam is a rectory and vicajrage, the rectory partly appropriate to the vicar- choral and others, and partly united to parts of the rectories of Clonbern, Liskeevy, Addergoole, Belclare-Tuam, Templetoghcr, Crossboyue, and Dunmore, and to the rectory of Boy anagh, together constituting the corps of the deanery of Tuam, in the patronage of the Crown. The lands belonging to the deanery com- 4 H

    TUBE

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 355

40. Prior Keating seizes Dublin Castle, 1482

    Kilmainham · townland · Dublin · 1482–1487

    Prior Keating, in 1482, seized the castle of Dublin and disposed of the property of the hospital, was removed from office, but made his successor prisoner and compelled him to resign. He supported the imposture of Lambert Simnel, leading to a statute that only persons of English descent could be prior.

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    KILMAINHAM, a suburban village of the metropolis, in the parish of St. James, barony of Newcastle, union of South Dublin, county of Dublin, and province of Leinster; containing 67O inhabitants. This place, formerly called Kilmaignend, derived that name from a monastery on the south side of the city, of which St. Maignend was abbot about the beginning of the 7th century. On or near the site of this monastery subsequently stood the ancient priory of Kilmainham, founded in II74 for Knights Templars by Richard Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke, and dedicated to St. John the Baptist. The endowments of the priory, which were ample, were confirmed by Henry II. ; and the founder, after bestowing on it all the lands of Kilmainham, died in II76, and was interred in Christ Church, Dublin. Upon the suppression of this order, in 1307, the lauds and possessions of the priory were assigned by the Pope to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, and confirmed to them by Edward II. ; and the priory itself, which had been previously an hospital for the sick and infirm, became an asylum for guests and strangers, and was held by persons of the highest rank : its priors sat as barons in the house of lords, and some of them were chancellors and lords-deputies of Ireland. Prior Keating, in 14S'2, having seized the castle of Dublin and disposed of the property of the hospital, was removed from his office ; but he made his appointed successor prisoner, and compelled him to resign ; and having given his warmest support to the imposture of Lambert Simnel, it was enacted that none but a person of English descent should in future be appointed prior. In 1535, John Rawson, an Englishman, who had been elected prior in conformity to that enactment, surrendered the priory, with all its possessions, into the hands of the king, by whom he was created Viscount Clontarf, with an annual revenue of

    K I L— M A

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

41. Priory founded at Killowen in 1080

    near Killowen · parish · Derry · 1080–1830

    The original parish church at Killowen was part of a priory founded in 1080. In 1830, the old church was converted into a school-house and a new church was built.

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    The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £1'20. The original parish church, which was part of a priory founded in 1080, was in 1830 converted into a school-house ; and a small neat church, without either tower or spire, was built at an expense of £1000, towards which £300 were given by the Clothworkers' Company, £100 by Bishop Knox, £50 by the Irish Society, and £170 as a gift and £380 as a loan by the Board of First Fruits. The glebe-house, towards the erection of which the same Board made a loan of £297 and a gift of £40'2, was built in IS'2'3 : the glebe comprises 50 statute acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district called Killowen, or Coleraine, comprising also the parishes of Duuboe, Macosquin, and Aghadowy, and containing three chapels, situated respectively at KiUowen, Dnnboe, and Aghadowy. There is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly. About ■270 children are educated in five public schools, of which the parochial schools are assisted by a gift of £"20 jjcr annum from the Clothworkers' Company, by grants trom the Irish Society, and by a donation from the rector; a school at Laurel Hill was founded and endowed with £50 per annum by the late R. Kyle, Esq., in 1830. There are also three Sunday schools. Remains of some fine encampments or forts may be seen at Cranagh Hill and Ballycarn, and one of smaller dimensions near the church. On the confines of the parish, near Camus, are two strongly impregnated springs, one chalybeate, the other holding pure sulphur in solution.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

42. Priory of Canons Regular at Louth

    Louth · town · Louth · 1148–1242

    A priory for Canons Regular was jointly erected at Louth by Donchad O'Kervaill, Prince of Orgial, and Bishop Edan O'Coellaidhe of Clogher. It was subsequently made a sanctuary by Malachy, Archbishop of Armagh, and the prior sat as a baron in parliament. A grand chapter of the order was held there in 1242.

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    whom 718 are in the town. This place, called anciently Ktwckfir^us, and also (luain-Cftinn, was celebrated for an abbey founded by St. Patrick, over which he placed St. Mocteus or Mochtalugh, a Briton, who died at a very advanced age in 534. The monastery became an extensive seat of learning under the superintendence of St. Mocteus and his successors ; and it is said that 100 bishops and 300 presbyters, all eminent for learning and piety, were educated in this school. St. Dichull, who became abbot about the commencement of the Hth century, and several of his successors, were styled indifferently abbots or bishops ; and the monastery continued to flourish till 830, when it was pillaged by the Danes, by whom the abbey was destroyed in 839, and many of the brethren killed. In 96s, while in the possession of the Danes, the abbey was plundered by Muirceartagh, son of Donell, King of Ireland, who slew many of these invaders ; and in 1043, this place and the adjacent country were plundered by Andatus O'Ruairc, who was himself soon after slain. In 10*5, the town, with all its churches, was destroyed by fire ; and in 1133 and 1148 the abbey experienced a similar calamity, from which it never seems to have recovered. Donchad O'Kervaill, Prince of Orgial, and Edan OCoellaidhe. Bishop of Clogher, who had recently (in 1148) founded the abbey of Knock, jointly erected a priory for Canons Regular, which was subsequently made a sanctuary by Iklalachy, Archbishop of Armagh : the prior sat as a baron in parliament. The town was destroyed by fire in Ilo'^, 1160, and 1166, when it was also plundered ; and in 1'24'2, a grand chapter of the order was held in the priory of Louth by the Archbishop of Armagh, at which were assembled all the abbots and priors of the Canons Regular in the kingdom. Edward Bruce and other leaders of the Scottish army were entertained here, in 1315, by the prior, who was afterwards pardoned by Edward II. on payment of a fine of £40; and in 1488, the prior, who had been concerned in the insurrection of Lambert Simnel, received the king's pardon. John Wile, who had alienated a considerable portion of the revenues of the establishment, and who was prior at the time of the Dissolution, voluntarily resigned his office into the king's hands, and received a pension of £l6. 13. 4. for the remainder of his life; the priory, with all its revenues, was granted in the 33rd of Henry VIII. to Sir Oliver Plunkett, ancestor of the present proprietor.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

43. Priory of Canons Regular at Tristernagh

    Tristernagh · townland · Westmeath

    Geoffry de Constantine founded a priory of Canons Regular at Tristernagh, sometimes called the priory of Kilbixy, and richly endowed it. The last prior was Edmund Nugent, Bishop of Kildare, who received a pension of £26.13.4. on its surrender.

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    KILBIXY, a parish, in the union of Mulungar, barony of Moygoish, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster ; containing, with the market and post town of Ballinacargy, 2246 inhabitants. The castle of Kilbixy is said to have been built by Hugh de Lacy, in 1192, and was subsequently the seat of Geoffry de Constantine, who founded at Tristernagh a priory of Canons Regular, sometimes called the priory of Kilbixy, and richly endowed it. The last prior was Edmund Nugent, Bishop of Kildare, who held it with his bishopric ; and a pension of £26. 13. 4. was granted to him on its surrender. In 1590 a lease of it was granted to Captain W. Piers, at a rent of £60, and the lands are still held by his descendants. It was finally destroyed in 1783. The town arose under the protection of the castle, and in the reign of Henry VI. was one of the borough towns of Meath. Sir Henry Piers, in his chorographical description of the county, states, that in 1782, part of the burgage castle, with 40 acres called the burgage land, existed, besides the ruins of many ancient houses and castles. The place had once an hospital, called the Leper-house of St. Bridgid, of which there are still some ruins. In the reign of Elizabeth, O'Dogherty of Connaught encamped in the abbey demesne with about 600 followers, and being attacked by the queen's forces and refused admission into the abbey, was slain with all his party. The parish contains 6493^ statute acres, and is richly embellished with

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 14

44. Priory of St. Catherine, Waterford, founded by the Ostmen

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1211

    The priory of St. Catherine, the oldest religious house in Waterford, was founded by the Ostmen for canons of the order of St. Augustine. Its endowment was confirmed by Pope Innocent III in 1211; it was levelled to open a way to a bridge over John's river, leaving only a vaulted room and small foundation remains.

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    The oldest of the UEi.ifiiors houses was the priory of St. Catherine, founded by the Ostmen for canons of the order of St. Augustine and of the congregation of St. Victor. Its endowment and possessions were confirmed by Pope Innocent III., in 1211 ; from the terms of that confirmation it appears to have been insulated at that time. In the 3 1st of Elizabeth, its revenues were granted on lease to Elizabeth Butler, otherwise Sherlock. The abbey was situated to the south-west of the city, adjoining Lombard's marsh, and a great part of the building remained in tolerable preservation till a few years since, when it was levelled to open a way to the bridge then built over John's river ; a vaulted room and a small portion of the foundations are all that now remain. The priory of St. John the Evangelist was founded in the suburbs, in 1185, by John, Earl of Morton, afterwards King of England, for monks of the order of St. Benedict, and made a cell to the abbey of St. Peter and St. Paul, in the city of Bath. This establishment received many grants and charters from successive English monarchs, and at the close of the 15th century had vast possessions and enjoyed ample privileges, among which was the right of holding a court baron within the parish of St. John. The manor of St. John, now the property of Thomas Wyse, Esq., was for a long period held under the priors of that house by his ancestors : at the Dissolution, in 1537, it continued in the possession of the family ; and it was subsequently confirmed in capite at two knights' fees, with all tithes, privileges, royalties, and immunities, by royal charter, to Sir William Wyse, then chamberlain to Henry VIII. This charter was fully confirmed by patent in the 15th of Elizabeth. A monastery for Dominican or Black Friars, called also Friars Preachers, who were introduced into Ireland in 1226, was founded by the citizens, who for that purpose applied to Henry lil. for liberty to erect their house on a piece of ground adjoining Arundel's Castle, and on which stood the ruin>-- of an ancient tower. The establishment continued to flourish under the patronage of several monarchs ; and at the Dissolution the buildings, which were very extensive, but in a ruinous condition, were granted in capite, with some parcels of land, to James White, at an annual rent of 4s. The only existing remains are the chancel of the church and the belfry. The entrance to the former is through an arched doorway, highly ornamented with rope mouldings and surmounted by a spacious window ; the interior consists of two apartments, low and gloomy, with vaulted roofs supported on groined arches. The belfry is a lofty square tower of massive thickness, having a staircase leading to the summit, from which is obtained an interesting view, especially over the old portion of the city. A monastery for Franciscan Friars, or Friars minor, was founded in 1240 by Sir Hugh Purcell ; at the Dissolution it was purchased by Henry Walsh, who established on its site the hospital of the Holy Ghost, before noticed. There are remains of two houses of the Knights of St. John oj

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 389

45. Priory of St. John the Evangelist, Waterford, founded 1185

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1185–1537

    The priory of St. John the Evangelist was founded in 1185 by John, Earl of Morton (afterwards King of England), for Benedictine monks, as a cell to the abbey of St. Peter and St. Paul in Bath. At the Dissolution in 1537 the manor continued in the possession of the Wyse family and was confirmed by royal charter to Sir William Wyse, chamberlain to Henry VIII.

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    The oldest of the UEi.ifiiors houses was the priory of St. Catherine, founded by the Ostmen for canons of the order of St. Augustine and of the congregation of St. Victor. Its endowment and possessions were confirmed by Pope Innocent III., in 1211 ; from the terms of that confirmation it appears to have been insulated at that time. In the 3 1st of Elizabeth, its revenues were granted on lease to Elizabeth Butler, otherwise Sherlock. The abbey was situated to the south-west of the city, adjoining Lombard's marsh, and a great part of the building remained in tolerable preservation till a few years since, when it was levelled to open a way to the bridge then built over John's river ; a vaulted room and a small portion of the foundations are all that now remain. The priory of St. John the Evangelist was founded in the suburbs, in 1185, by John, Earl of Morton, afterwards King of England, for monks of the order of St. Benedict, and made a cell to the abbey of St. Peter and St. Paul, in the city of Bath. This establishment received many grants and charters from successive English monarchs, and at the close of the 15th century had vast possessions and enjoyed ample privileges, among which was the right of holding a court baron within the parish of St. John. The manor of St. John, now the property of Thomas Wyse, Esq., was for a long period held under the priors of that house by his ancestors : at the Dissolution, in 1537, it continued in the possession of the family ; and it was subsequently confirmed in capite at two knights' fees, with all tithes, privileges, royalties, and immunities, by royal charter, to Sir William Wyse, then chamberlain to Henry VIII. This charter was fully confirmed by patent in the 15th of Elizabeth. A monastery for Dominican or Black Friars, called also Friars Preachers, who were introduced into Ireland in 1226, was founded by the citizens, who for that purpose applied to Henry lil. for liberty to erect their house on a piece of ground adjoining Arundel's Castle, and on which stood the ruin>-- of an ancient tower. The establishment continued to flourish under the patronage of several monarchs ; and at the Dissolution the buildings, which were very extensive, but in a ruinous condition, were granted in capite, with some parcels of land, to James White, at an annual rent of 4s. The only existing remains are the chancel of the church and the belfry. The entrance to the former is through an arched doorway, highly ornamented with rope mouldings and surmounted by a spacious window ; the interior consists of two apartments, low and gloomy, with vaulted roofs supported on groined arches. The belfry is a lofty square tower of massive thickness, having a staircase leading to the summit, from which is obtained an interesting view, especially over the old portion of the city. A monastery for Franciscan Friars, or Friars minor, was founded in 1240 by Sir Hugh Purcell ; at the Dissolution it was purchased by Henry Walsh, who established on its site the hospital of the Holy Ghost, before noticed. There are remains of two houses of the Knights of St. John oj

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 389

46. Priory of St. Peter and St. Paul at Knock, Co. Meath

    Knock · townland · Meath · 1148

    Knock was said to have been the site of a priory founded in 1148 and dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul by Donchad Hua Kervail and Edan Coollaidhe, Bishop of Clogher, for Canons Regular of St. Augustine. No vestiges of the establishment remained.

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    KNOCK, or Knough, a parish, in the union of Navan, barony of Morgallion, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, 4 miles (S. S. E.) from Nobber, on the road to Slane ; containing 60'2 inhabitants. The place is said to have been the site of a priory founded in 1148, and dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul, by Donchad Hua Kervail, prince of the territory, and Edan Coollaidhe, Bishop of Clogher, for Canons Regular of 198

    KNOC

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 60

47. Proposed canal to Curracloe bathing-village

    Curracloe · townland · Wexford

    A new approach to Wexford from the Carrigg bridge road was contemplated, as was the formation of a canal of four miles to the bathing-village of Curracloe. New roads to Duncannon Fort, New Ross, and Enniscorthy had recently been opened.

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    The borough returned two members to the Irish parliament, by a prescriptive right exercised without interruption from 13~4, till the Union, at which period the number of its representatives was reduced to one, whom it continues to return under the act of the 2nd of William IV., cap. 88. The number of electors, in 1841, was 301, of whom 195 were £10 householders, and 106 freemen. The environs contain a number of handsome houses and neat villas, the residences of the gentry connected with the town. W'ithin the last few years new roads have been opened between Wexford and Duncannon Fort, New Ross, and Enniscorthy, the last-named of which is now the mail-coach road : a new approach to the town from the Carrigg bridge road has been contemplated, as has been the formation of a canal of four miles to the bathing-village of Curracloe.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 399

48. Proposed lock at Belleek Castle for Moy navigation

    Belleek · townland · Mayo

    A lock was proposed at Belleek Castle near Ballina to allow vessels of heavy burthen to come up to the town, provided a passage were cut through the limestone ledges obstructing navigation on the River Moy. The river's bar had become shallow and dangerous from its liability to shift.

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    No RIVERS of any importance rise in the county or pass through it. The May, which separates it from Sligo, after receiving the waters of Loughs Cullen and Conn, flows in a broad stream by Ballina into the bajj of Killala. The bar has deep water after great floods, but is dangerous from its liability to shift. A few years since, it was passed by vessels drawing 14 feet water ; it is now often fordable in dry summers : sloops, however, ascend to within a mile of Ballina. It has been proposed to form a lock at Belleek Castle, by which vessels of heavy burthen might come up to the town, if a passage were cut through the limestone ledges that obstruct the navigation. The Blackwater, also called the Shrule, which for a short distance forms the boundary between Mayo and Galway, has an underground course for three miles near Shrule ; after its re-appearance it falls into Lough Corrib. The Aile, which is navigable for boats of six feet draught for a distance of five miles from Lough Mask, also disappears for some time, after having sunk under a stratum of limestone. The Castlebar river is navigable from Lough Conn for the distance of four miles : the Lung, which flows into Lough Carra, admits boats from the lake, which ascend the river about three miles. The other rivers are little more than mountain streams : the principal are, the Oicenmore, falling into Blacksod bay, and remarkable for the quantity of water it sometimes carries from the mountains ; the Deel ; the Robe ; the Erriv ; and the Carnamart.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 147

49. Prospect burial-ground and family vaults

    Coolmela or Prospect · townland · Wexford · 1808–1855

    The burial-ground called Prospect, near Seafield, contains the vaults of the Courtown and Hore families. It features monuments to Mary, Countess of James George, third Earl of Courtown, who died in 1855, and Anne, wife of W. Hore, who died in 1808.

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    The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, and in the patronage of the Earl of Courtown; the tithe rent charge is £119. The glebe-house was built at the joint expense of the Earl of Courtown and the late incumbent, the Rev. F. Owen, the latter of whom obtained a charge for his share of the expenditure on his successor ; there is a glebe of 26 acres. The church, a small edifice in the later English style, with a square embattled tower, is situated on a well-wooded eminence, and is a conspicuous and interesting feature in the landscape. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the union of Ballygarret. Schools for children of both sexes, with apartments for a master and mistress, who have also an acre of land rent-free, were erected by the Earl of Courtown, and are supported chiefly by his lordship ; the schools are under the Church Education Society. The Hon. T. Stopford, D.D., successively rector of this parish, dean of Ferns, and bishop of Cork, bequeathed £J00 ; and Lady Anne Hore, wife of the Rev. T. Hore, of Ham Common, county of Middlesex, bequeathed £100 ; to the poor of this parish. At Courtown is a chalybeate spring. In a burial-ground called " Prospect," near Seafield, are the vaults of the Courtown and Hore families, with monuments to Mary, Countess of James George, third earl of Courtown, w ho died April 14th, IS'SS ; and Anne, wife of W. Hore, Esq., who died April 4th, 1808. In the demesne of Courtown is a small and very ancient burial-ground.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57

50. Prosperous founded by Robert Brooke for cotton manufacture

    Prosperous · town · Kildare · 1786

    The town of Prosperous in County Kildare was founded by Robert Brooke toward the close of the eighteenth century, who expended a large fortune establishing cotton manufacture there. Within three years, 200 houses were built and full manufacturing establishments completed, but after parliament rejected his 1786 petition for assistance, the works were discontinued and 1400 looms thrown out of employment.

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    PROSPEROUS, a town or village, in the parish of KiLLYBEGs, union of Naas, barony of Clane, county of KiLDARE, and province of Leinster, 11 miles (S. \V.) from Leixlip ; containing .526 inhabitants. This place, which is situated near the Grand Canal, owes its origin to Mr. Robert Brooke, who, toward the close of the last century, expended a large fortune in attempting to establish the cotton manufacture here. In less than three years a town, consisting of 200 houses, was built ; establishments were completed for all the various branches of that manufacture, including the printing of linen and cotton goods, and also for making the requisite machinery connected with the works ; and from the flattering prospect of success which grew with the attempt, the town rather prematurely derived its name. In pursuing this object, that gentleman exceeded the limits of his own private fortune, and, upon application to parliament, obtained a grant of £25,000 ; but in 1786, having again occasion to apply to parliament for assistance, his petition was rejected, and the works consequentlj' were discontinued. Upon this occasion 1400 looms were thrown out of employment ; and every other branch of the manufacture, together with the making of the requisite machinery, ceased. Though the undertaking was never revived, still the manufacture was continued on a very limited scale till 179S, when, during the disturbances of that year, a party of the insurgents attacked the town, and surprised a party of the king's troops, whom they put to the sword. Since that pi-riod the town has gradually declined in importance ; a few

    3 K

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 233

51. Protestant Orphan House at Gaul's Rock near Waterford

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1818

    The Protestant Orphan House was established in 1818 with a school for 40 children subsequently erected, situated within a quarter of a mile of the city at Gaul's Rock on ground presented by John Fitzgerald, Esq. The late Sir Francis Hassard gave £100 towards its support.

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    extensive, and its usefulness is consequently limited. There are ainfishouses for lioman Catholics. A Charitable Loan Fund was established by Archdeacon Fleury and Mr. Hobbs, in 1768, since which period more than £33,000 have been lent to more than 14,000 persons, free of interest ; but its funds are at present very limited. The late House of Industrij, with which was connected a Lunatic Asylum, was erected in 1779. at an expense of £1.")00, and was under the direction of a general board of governors, incorporated by acts of the llth and Vlth. of George III., under the title of "the President and Assistants instituted for the relief of the poor, and for punishing vagabonds and sturdy beggars for the county and county of the city of Waterford." A general meeting of the governors was held on the first Thursday in every month, and oftener if necessary ; subordinate to which was a regulating committee of ten governors, or members of the corporation, appointed for one year, who met weekly, and to whom was confided the whole management. Two physicians, and a Protestant and a Roman Catholic clergyman, attended gratuitously ; and there were a stipendiary apothecary, a superintendent, and two housekeepers. On an average, from '200 to 300 persons were annually received into the house ; they were generally employed in domestic othces and in various trades : there was a school for the instruction of females. The income of the institution, amounting on an average to £3000 per annum, was derived from local assessments, donations, and subscription. There are two associations for the relief of destitute Orphan children, one for Protestants, and one for Roman Catholics. The Protestant Orphan House was established in 1818, and a school for 40 children was subsequently erected ; it is situated within a quarter of a mile of the city, at a place called Gaul's Rock, on ground presented by John Fitzgerald, Esq. : the late Sir Francis Hassard gave £100 towards its support. The Union fi'orkhouse, on a site of si.x acres purchased for £I'2'2'-2, was completed in 1841, at a cost of £7S.")0, and will admit 900 inmates.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 389

52. Provision scarcity riot in Waterford, 1744, lives lost

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1744

    A riotous meeting in Waterford in 1744, caused by the scarcity of provisions, was suppressed by the military, resulting in some lives being lost.

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    James IL, on the day after the battle of the Boyne, arrived at this place, and immediately embarked for France in a ship which lay in the harbour ready to receive him. On the "Oth of July, Major-General Kirk advanced with a body of forces from Carrick, and despatched a trumpeter to the city to summon the garrison to surrender ; this was at first refused in mild terms, but soon after, the citizens sent to know the terms that would be granted, which, being the same as those offered to the garrison of Drogheda, were rejected. The garrison then demanded the enjoyment of their estates, the freedom of their religion, and liberty to march out with their arms and baggage, which being refused, preparations were made for a regular siege ; but on the 25th the garrison was allowed to march out with arms and baggage, and was conveyed to Mallow. On the following day King William entered the city, and took measures to prevent the property of any person from being damaged ; on his return from the siege of Limerick, he embarked at this port on the 5th of September, for England. At the close of this century the city is represented as being in a wretched condition ; the houses in ruin, the streets filthy and uneven, and the roads extremely bad ; but, under the management of successive mayors, it was greatly improved both in comfort and appearance early in the following century. In 1732, a tumultuous assembly attempted to prevent the exportation of corn ; another riotous meeting, occasioned by the scarcity of provisions, took place in 1744, when the military were called to suppress the riot, and some lives were lost. In the rebellion of 1798 the citizens took no part; meetings of United Irishmen were held here, but the peace of the city was preserved by the victory gained over the insurgents at Ross. 638

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 381

53. Public conduit in Wexford corn-market by Marquess of Ely

    Wexford · town · Wexford

    A public conduit in the corn-market at Wexford was erected at the expense of the Marquess of Ely, supplementing the town's water supply alongside pipes laid down by the corporation for improving the quays.

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    not lij^htcd : two attempts, iiiaile in 18:50 and 1833, to bring the town within the provisions of the act of the 9th of George IV., for Paving, Lighting, and Cleansing Towns, failed; the proposal being each time rejected by a majority of a public meeting convened for its consideration. An arrangement recently made with a Scotch contractor to light the quay with gas will probably renaove pai-t of this inconvenience, by having the contract extended to the rest uf the town. There are about 2000 houses, in general well built and of respectable appearance ; the supply of water is partly by pipes laid down by the corporation for improving the quays, and partly from wells, or from the public conduit in the corn-market, erected at the expense of the Marquess of Ely.

    Wexford is connected at its northern end with the grounds on the opposite bank of the Slaney by a bridge occupying the site of one commenced in 1*94 and opened in 1795 : the old bridge was constructed wholly of American oak, at an expense of £17,000, by the late Emanuel Cox, an

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 399

54. Public fountain and town improvements in Tipperary

    Tipperary · town · Tipperary · 1830–1837

    The inhabitants of Tipperary are supplied with water from a public fountain erected at the expense of Stafford O'Brien Esq. The town is lighted with gas and placed under the Cleansing Act, with many old houses taken down and new buildings erected.

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    The present town is situated on the river Arra, and consists of one principal street, from which smaller streets branch off at right angles; it contains 11*5 houses, several of which arc well built and of handsome appearance. The inhabitants are supplied with water from a public fountain, erected at the expense of Stafford O'Brien, Esq., who, with the representatives of John Smith Barry, Esq., is proprietor of the town, which is now lighted with gas and has been placed under the provisions of the Cleansing act. Considerable improvements have been made, and are in progress ; many of the old houses have been taken down and new buildings erected, and the town has a very neat and thri\ ing appearance : a sub-post office to Cappaghwhite and Bansha has been established. There are temporary barracks for the accommodation of 100 infantry. The principal trade is in agricultural produce, which is purchased in the market for shipment to Waterford and Limerick, to which places about 30,000 casks of butter are sent annually ; and there is a large retail trade for the supply of the populous and extensive surrounding district. A branch of the National Bank has been opened. In the excise arrangements the town is within the district of Clonmel. The Dublin and Cork and the Limerick and Waterford raihvays pass in the vicinity. The markets, which are amply supplied, are on Thursday and Saturday ; and fairs are held on April 5th, June '24th, Oct. 10th, and Dec. 10th : the market-bouse (over which is a news-room), a neat building in the centre of the town, and the shambles, were erected at the expense of the late Mr. Barry. This place is the residence of the chief magistrate of police for the district, who has generally from '20 to '25 men stationed here ; and there are an excellent new bridewell, and a new court-house in which quarter-sessions are held. Petty-sessions are held every Thursday.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 343

55. Public library built 1824 with Dungiven sandstone

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1819–1824

    A public library and news room was established on its present plan in 1824 by a body of proprietors with transferable shares. The plain building, faced with hewn Dungiven sandstone, was erected by subscription at an expense of nearly £2000 and contained about 2660 volumes.

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    A public library and news room, commenced in 18 19 by subscription and established on its present plan in 1824, by a body of proprietors of transferable shares of 20 guineas each, is provided with about 2660 volumes of modern works, and with periodical publications and daily and weekly newspapers. It is a plain building faced with hewn Dungiven sandstone, erected by subscription in 1824, at an expense of nearly £2000, and, besides the usual apartments, contains the committeeroom of the Chamber of Commerce ; the lower part is used as the news-room, to which all the inhabitants are admitted on payment of five guineas annually. A lite rary society for debates and lectures was instituted in 1834, and the number of its members is rapidly increasing. Concerts were formerly held at the King's Arms hotel, but have been discontinued ; races are still held, on a course to the north of the town. Walker's Testimonial, on the central western bastion, was completed in 1828 by subscription, at an expense of £1200: it consists of a column of Portland stone, of good proportions, in the Roman-Doric style, surmounted by a statue of that distinguished governor by John Smith, Esq., of Dublin ; the column is ascended by a spiral staircase within, and, including the pedestal, is 81 feet in height, in addition to which the statue measures nine feet. The city is in the Belfast military district, and is the headquarters of a regiment of infantry which supplies detachments to various places : the original barracks were intended for the accommodation of four officers and 320 men, with an hospital for 32 patients ; but from their insufficiency a more commodious edifice has been erected, in the parish of Clondermot.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 101

56. Puck Fair at Killorglin with paraded goat

    Killorglin · town · Kerry

    A fair held at Killorglin on August 11th and 12th, called Puck Fair, featured the sale of unbroken Kerry ponies and goats. A male goat was sometimes ornamented and paraded about the village.

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    The village consists of about '200 houses, and close to it is a bridge on the great line of road ; it exports corn, salmon, and pigs, and imports iron, timber, and salt. Fairs are held on Aug. Uth and 12th, and Nov. 19th; at the first, called Puck Fair, unbroken Kerry ponies, goats, &c., are sold, and a male goat is sometimes ornamented and paraded about. The village has a receiving-house for letters in connexion with Cahirciveen, Tralee, and Newcastle ; it is a constabulary police station, and has petty-sessions monthly. A manorial court is held occasionally, for the recovery of debts under 40j. : the manor is nearly co-cxtensive with the parish, comprising 61/0^ statute acres, and descended from Captain Conway to the Blennerhassett family, from which it was purchased, in 1797, by Lord Ventry. The romantic glen of the river Cara is on the western border of this parish. The principal seats are Annagarry, Ardmoniel Cottage, Clifton Cottage, Altavilla, and Annadale. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and in the patronage of the Crown : the tithe reut-charge is £500, of which £300 are payable to the rector, and the remainder to the Mullins family, in whom the tithes of the manor are impropriate. The church is a plain structure with a square tower, erected on laud given by the Rev. F. Mullins, and for the building of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £800, in 1816. The glebe-house was built by means of a gift of £300 and a loan of £500 from the same Board ; the glebe consists of 1 1 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish is the head of a district, including also the whole of Knockane, except Glencare, and has a chapel, built on an acre of land given by the late Lord Ventry, and since much improved and ornamented. At Droumavalley are the ruins of a church, to which a large burial-ground is attached ; and there are remains of another old church at Dungeel -. also extensive remains of the castle of the Knights Templars, which till lately was inhabited.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

57. Puffin hunting on the cliffs of Kilmacrehy

    Kilmacrehy · parish · Clare

    Puffins were taken from the lofty precipices of Kilmacrehy parish, County Clare, by persons suspended over the cliff edges to reach the cavities where the birds deposited their young. This practice was noted alongside the dramatic coastal landscape of the parish.

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    KILMACREHY, a parish, in the union of Ennisty- MON, barony of Corcomroe, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 4 miles (W.) from Ennistymon, and on the north side of Liscanor bay on the western coast ; containing 4*264 inhabitants. The parish comprises 7403 statute acres. Within its limits is the headland called Hag's Head, a lofty basaltic promontory situated in lat. 5'2° 16' 40", and Ion. 9° 2.5' 20" : from this point the cliffs gradually ascend to Moher, where they attain their greatest elevation ; that called Stokeen is 587 feet above the level of the sea. The waves break with tremendous force against the rocks ; part of the Spanish Armada was, in 1588, wrecked on the shore. On the most elevated point of these stupendous cliffs, an ornamental building in the castellated style has been erected by Cornelius O'Brien, Esq., for the accommodation of visiters to this bold and iron-bound coast, from which is obtained a magnificent view embracing nearly the whole line of coast from Loop Head to the northern extremity of the bay of Galway, together with the Arran Isles and a vast expanse of the Atlantic Ocean. Puffins are taken here by persons who are suspended over the lofty precipices in the cavities of which these birds deposit their young. A considerable portion of the parish consists of mountain pasture : the arable land is gene- 131

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

58. Puffin Island and its seabird colony

    Puffin Island · townland · Kerry

    Puffin Island off the parish of Killemlagh is named for being much frequented by puffins and also abounds with rabbits. It is steep and craggy with a remarkable gap in its highest part. The Skellig Islands also lie off this parish.

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    KILLEMLAGII, or Killemilagh, a pari.'^h, in the union of Cahirciveen, barony of Iveragii, county of Kerry, and province of Monster, 8 miles (S. w.) from Cahirciveen; containing ^"28 inhabitants. This parish, which comprises 11,857 statute acres, including a considerable quantity of mountain and bog, is situated on the western coast, and on the south-eastern side of the harbour of Valentia. Its southern extremity forms Bolus Head, which is on the north-west side of the entrance to the bay of Ballinaskelligs. Puffin Island, so called from its being much frequented by pulFins, and which also abounds with rabbits, is steep and craggy, with a remarkable gap in its highest part ; the Skellig Islands also lie off this parish, and are separately described. Many of the inhabitants are engaged in fishing, and in the collection of sea-weed for manure. At Portmagee is a coast guard station, in the district of Valencia, and petty-sessions are held there once in three weeks. The principal seats are Belville, Waterview, Kilkevaragh, and Ahadda. The parish is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, forming part of the corps of the treasurership of Ardfert : the tithe rent-charge is £76. 3., and there is a glebe at Kerl. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is in the district of Prior, and has a chapel at Portmagee and Kerl. The ruins of the church, which was dedicated to St. Finian, are at the bottom of the bay of Ballinaskelligs, which is so much exposed to a heavy sea that the only landing-place is in a small creek to the north. Here are some chalybeate springs.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 38

59. Pugin's magnificent plan for Maynooth College

    Maynooth · town · Kildare

    The celebrated architect A. W. Pugin was chosen to design new buildings for Maynooth College, furnishing a magnificent plan for the enlarged institution. By the time of writing, however, the works had made little progress.

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    of Public Works, for thoroughly repairing the college, and erecting new buildings for the suitable accommodation of the enlarged number of inmates in the institution. The architect chosen for the new buildings, the celebrated A. W. Pugin, Esq., has furnished a magnificent plan ; but the works have yet made little progress.

    No change was eifected by the late act in the constitution of the college, except by substituting annual for the former triennial visitations. There are five visitors appointed by the crown (substituted for the former five ex-ojficw visitors) ; and three others, as formerly, elected by the trustees. The property and legislative direction of the establishment are vested in a corporation of seventeen elective trustees, consisting of the four Roman Catholic archbishops, and seven bishops, with six lay noblemen and gentlemen. The ordinary government is committed to a president, assisted by a vice-president, with three deans ; a librarian, who is also prefect of the Dunboyne students ; a bursar ; four professors of theology ; a professor of sacred scripture and oriental languages; of ecclesiastical history; of mathematics and experimental philosophy ; of logic, metaphysics, and ethics ; of rhetoric and the belles lettres ; of Greek and Latin classics; of English elocution and composition and the French language ; and of the Irish language. The president, vice-president, deans, prefect of the Dunboyne, and the professors of theology and scripture, form the council. The president and other superiors are elected by the trustees ; as are also the professors, but only after a public competition, of which the president gives public notice sixty days previously, and to which all qualified candidates from every part of the empire are admissible. Of the merits of the candidates the council are the judges, delivering their suffrages in writing to the president, and through him to the trustees.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 145

60. Purcell and Muskerry besiege Lismore from Cappoquin

    Cappoquin · town · Waterford · 1643

    In July 1643, Lieutenant-General Purcell, with 7000 foot and 900 horse and artillery, marched to Cappoquin, laid waste the adjacent country for four days, then joined by Lord Muskerry advanced to besiege Lismore Castle. After a week's siege a cessation was agreed.

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    At the commencement of the war in 1641, the castle was besieged by a force of .'.OOO Irish under Sir Richard Belling, but was bravely defended by the earl's son. Lord Broghill, who compelled them to abandon the attempt. In 1643, a party of 200 insurgents, in retaliation for the destruction of Clogheen by the garrison of this place, entered the town and burned most of the thatched houses and cabins, killed 60 of the inhabitants, and carried off several prisoners. In July of the same year Lieutenant- General Purcell, commander-in-chief of the insurgent forces, at the head of 7000 foot and 900 horse, with three pieces of artillery, marched to Cappoquin, where he remained for four days, laying waste the adjacent country ; and being there joined by Lord Muskerry, he advanced to besiege the castle of Lismore. After a week's siege, a cessation of arms was mutually agreed on, and the assailants immediately retired ; but the castle suffered great injury during this war, and in 1645, being burned 246

    by Lord Castlehaven, it was reduced almost to a ruin, and the town became a neglected village, consisting only of a few miserable cabins. In 16S6, the Earl of Clarendon, on his progress through Munster, passed a night in this castle, which was also visited by James II., in 1689; and in 1785 the Duke of Rutland, Lord- Lieutenant of Ireland, held a council in the castle, from which he issued several proclamations. The castle, with all its lands and other property, descended from the Earls of Cork and Burlington, by marriage, to the ancestor of his Grace the Duke of Devonshire, who is the present proprietor.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 85