A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Rathnew as a centre for petty-sessions

   Rathnew · town · Wicklow

   Petty-sessions for the district were held at Rathnew instead of Wicklow, as it was considered more central for the surrounding area.

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   nually from among the burgesses, 12 burgesses elected for life from among the freemen, and an unlimited number of freemen, who were admissible by birth, apprenticeship, marriage, or special favour, and enjoyed an exemption from tolls and harbour dues, and a right of commonage on the Murragh : there had been no recorder for several years. In 1840 the town was placed under commissioners appointed by act 9th George IV., cap. 82. The charter griinted the portreeve and burgesses the power of returning two members to the Irish parliament, which was exercised by them until the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The landed property of the late corporation consists of 200 or 300 acres, all let on terminable leases : the rental is on the increase. Market tolls have been relinquished for some time : a barrel of coal is taken from each vessel discharging in the port i harbour dues are levied on all vessels of above 20 tons' burthen. The corporation exerted the power of regulating the pilotage. The portreeve held a court every Tuesday, in which debts to the amount of five marks, or £3. 6. 8. Irish, could be recovered ; he was not, however, a justice of the peace for the borough, which was, in this respect, under the control of the county magistracy. The town is a station for the constabulary police. The castle, called in public documents " The King's Castle of Wicklow," was specially exempt from the jurisdiction of the borough : from an inquisition held in 1620, it appears that every person selling beer in the town had to pay to the use of the castle four sextaries (pints) of ale for every bushel of malt brewed ; and that several parcels of land, amounting to 45 acres, belonged to it. The assizes for the county, and the general-sessions for its eastern district, are held here ; petty-sessions arc held at Rathnew, as being more central for the surrounding district. The representatives for the county are elected here. The county courthouse, erected in 1824, is a plain but commodious edifice, with sufficient accommodation for all requisite purposes. The gaol, which adjoins it, contains 6 wards, having in all 32 cells, 5 day-rooms, and 4 yards, a small chapel, and a separate hospital, besides a debtors' ward; it has also a treadmill : the building stands on 1^ acre, inclosed with a high wall. An addition is about to be made to it, to carry out the penitentiary system.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 406

2. Rathnew church ruins and burial-ground

   Rathnew · town · Wicklow

   In the village of Rathnew, County Wicklow, stand the ruins of a church with an attached burial-ground. The parish also contains ruins of a castle on the townland of Miltown.

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   The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Dublin and Glendalough, forming part of the union and corps of the prebend of Wicklow in the cathedral of St. Patrick, Dublin : the tithe rent-charge is £'28'2. 16. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is also part of the union of Wicklow ; there is a chapel at Ashford. In the village of Rathnew are the ruins of the church, to which is attached a burial-ground ; and on the townland of Miltown stand the ruins of a castle. Near the Cherry Orchard is a remarkably fine oak-tree, which at three feet from the ground measures 21^ feet in girth. While on a visit at Rosanna, the late Mrs. Tighe, eminently distinguished for her mental endowments and poetic talents, composed her celebrated poem of Psyche ; she was also the author of several other admired poems, and died in 1810, aged 36. Vol. II.— 465

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   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 252

3. Rath of Knock-Caellagh and Cromwell encampment tradition

   Kilcullen · town · Kildare · 1649–1650

   The rath of Knock-Caellagh, near Kilcullen, consists of a tumulus surrounded by a circular intrenchment twenty feet wide and ten deep with an outer rampart. Cromwell is said to have encamped here on his way to the south.

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   here are sixteen small conical hills, supposed to be the seats on which the elders sat. Not far from the rath is a single pillar-stone, called Gobhlan, about seven feet high, supposed to have been erected for the worship of Baal. Similar stones are to be seen at Kilgowan, Furnace, and Punch's Town, all in the vicinity of Naas. At Harristown, near Kilcullen, is another of those taper upright stones, with a conical top ; and about two miles from Jigginstown are two, known by the name of the Long Stones. The rath of Knock-Caellagh, near Kilcullen, consists of a tumulus surrounded by a circular intrenchment, '20 feet wide and 10 deep, with a rampart outside the trench : Cromwell is said to have encamped here on his way to the south. Others less remarkable, yet worthy of notice, are to be seen near Rheban, two miles north of Athy, at Kildare, at Naas, near Kilkea Castle, at Moone, at Clane, at Lyons (across which rath the boundary line of the counties of Kildare and Dublin passes), and at Rathsallagh, near Duncavan. On the Curragh are numerous earthworks, most of which appear to be sepulchral, forming a chain of fourteen small raths or circular intrenchments without ramparts, in a line of nearly three miles, extending east and west. A tradition has long prevailed of a stupendous heathen monument of huge stones existing here ; but no vestige of it can now be discovered.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 20

4. Rathpatrick old church ruins with inscribed stones

   near Rathpatrick · street · Kilkenny

   At Rathpatrick in County Kilkenny, ruins of an old church survive where several stones bearing inscriptions scarcely legible have been dug up. The parish is situated on the river Suir at its confluence with the Ross river.

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   RATH PATRICK, or Ballypatrjck, a parish, in the union of Waterford, barony of Ida, county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster, 3^ miles (E. by N.) from Waterford, on the road to New Ross ; containing 1*74 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Suir, at its confluence with the Ross river : it comprises 447 9i statute acres. On the top of the great hill of Drumdorony, about 300 acres are occupied by a quarry of breccia, for millstones, which are of so good a quality as to have formerly been exported to England ; they are still sent coastwise to Cork, Dublin, and other Irish ports. Some of the largest are five feet in diameter, and 16 inches in the eye. The stones are near the surface, and appear above it ; they are shipped with case into vessels at the base of the hill, in the Ross river, opposite to the Great Island, which the stream encircles previous to its junction with the Suir. From this hill another of less elevation extends southward, forming the south-eastern angle of the county, and commanding a magnificent prospect of the banks of the Suir and the harbour of Waterford. The principal seats are, Bellevue, beautifully situated on the bank of the river in a well-planted demesne ; Snow Hill ; Ringville ; Springfield ; Kilmurry ; Larkfield ; and Mount Prospect. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Rossbercon ; the rectory is impropriate in the corporation of Waterford. The tithe rent-charge is £124. I7. S., of which about £75 are payable to the corporation, and the remainder to the vicar. On the next vacancy of the benefice, this parish is to be united to KilcuUiheen. In the Roman Catholic divisions Rathpatrick is the head of a district, called Slieruagh, or Slieve-ruagh, comprising this parish and those of KilcuUiheen, Ballygorum, Kilbride, Kilquane, Kilcolumb, and Kilmackavogue ; in which union are a private and three public chapels, one of which is at Slieve-Roe, in this parish. There are remains of a castle in the demesne of Bellevue ; and ruins of an old church at Rathpatrick, where several stones have been dug up, bearing inscriptions scarcely legible.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 252

5. Rathronan parish and village of Athca, Limerick

   Rathronan · parish · Limerick

   Rathronan parish in Limerick comprised over 18,000 acres of varied terrain including tillage, meadow, rich pasture, mountain pasture, plantation, and turbary. It contained the village of Athca and had 3,245 inhabitants, situated on the road from Newcastle to Shanagolden.

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   RATHRONAN, a parish, in the union of Newcastle, barony of Shanid, county of Limerick, and province of Munster, 4 miles (W.) from Newcastle, on the road to Shanagolden ; containing, with the village of Athca, 3245 inhabitants. This parish comprises 18,117 statute acres; about 1000 are under tillage, 5000 meadow and rich pasture, and the remainder mountain pasture, plantation, and turbary. The land in the eastern portion is of good quality, being based on 466

   RATH

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 252

6. Raths and ancient forts in Kilrush parish, Co. Clare

   Kilrush · town · Clare

   The parish of Kilrush, County Clare, contains several raths or ancient forts within its limits. These earthworks represent early historical settlement and defensive features in the landscape.

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   Kilrush is in the diocese of Killaloe. The rectory is partly impropriate in John Scott, Esq., but chiefly appropriate to the prebend of Inniscattery in the cathedral of Killaloe ; the vicarage forms part of the corps of the same prebend, to which were episcopally united, in 1777, the vicarages of Kilfieragh, Kilballyhone, and Moyarta, together constituting the union of Kilrush, in the gift of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £321. IS. 6., of which £27. 14. are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the prebendary ; the vicarial tithe of the three other parishes amounts to £274. 4. 8. The glebe-house, built in 1807, by a gift of £100 and a loan of £600 from the Board of First Fruits, is a handsome residence near the church ; the parochial glebe comprises about 3 acres, and that of the entire union 10 acres. The church, a large edifice with an embattled tower crowned with pinnacles, built in 1819, at an expense exceeding £1700, stands near the site of the ancient church, the ruins of which form an interesting and picturesque appendage : it contains a well-executed mural tablet to the late Mr. Vandeleur, and has been repaired by a grant of £121 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parish of Killeymur : the parochial chapel is a spacious building, with a well-executed altar-piece ; there is also a chapel at Knockeragh, erected in 1833. In the town is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists, recently erected on ground presented by Mr. Vandeleur. A school is supported by the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity, who allow the master £30 per annum ; a parochial school is chiefly supported by the incumbent, and there is a large school under the superintendence of the Roman Catholic clergyman. The union workhouse, on a site of six acres purchased for £750, was completed in 1841, at a cost of £6800, and is constructed to contain 800 paupers. About two miles from the town, on the road to Miltown, and also near the Ennis road, are chalybeate springs, both considered efficacious in the cure of bilious diseases. At Mullagha are the ruins of an ancient chapel, supposed to have been built by St. Senan, who is said to have been a native of that place ; attached to it is a burial-ground still in use, and near it a holy well. There are several raths or ancient forts included within the limits of the parish.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 55

7. Raths and circular fortifications at Baunachuintlia

   Kilpeacon · townland · Limerick

   In the neighbourhood of Kilpeacon parish is a place called Baunachuintlia, or the 'Camp Field,' containing raths and circular fortifications. On the summit of Greenhill is a rath or doon about 320 feet in circumference and 18 feet high, with several smaller single-vallum forts in adjoining fields.

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   The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Limerick, united by act of council, in 1803, to the vicarage of Knockncgaul, together constituting the corps of the prebend of Kilpeacon in the cathedral of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £69. 4. S., and of the entire benefice (including the Hackneys, a detached portion of the parish in the barony of Costlea, and separately compounded for) £'24'2. 6. The glebe-house was rebuilt in ISir, by a gift of £'250 and a loan of £550 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe, which is situated in Knocknegaul, comprises 1 1 acres. The church, now a neat edifice with a square embattled tower, was in 1762 destroyed by the Whiteboys, and rebuilt the following year; in 1819 it was enlarged and repaired, for which purpose the Board granted a loan of £400 : it contains a handsome monument to Sir William King. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is partly in the district of Fedamore, and partly in that of Loughmore. The parochial school is built on an acre of land given by the late E. Villiers, Esq., and is supported by subscription, aided by an annual donation from the rector. There is a dispensary in the parish. In the neighbourhood is a place called Baunachuiiitlia, or the " Camp Field," in which are some raths and circular fortifications ; and on the summit of Greenhill is a rath or doon, about 3'20 feet in circumference and 18 feet high. In the adjoining fields are several smaller forts, surrounded by a single vallum, and quite level within ; near these forts a crown of gold, in the form of a shell, and weighing 5^ ounces, was dug up by a peasant in 1821, and sold to a goldsmith in Dublin for £18. 18.

   KILPEDDER, a village, in the parish of Kilcoole, union of Rathdrum, barony of Newcastle, county of WiCKLOw, and province of Leinster, on the road from Dublin to Wexford ; containing 11 dwellings and about 72 inhabitants. Petty-sessions are held here once in three weeks.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 50

8. Raths and forts in Kilnaglory parish

   Kilnaglory · townland · Cork

   Several raths or forts are found in Kilnaglory parish, situated in a retired district between Ballincollig and Ovens. The parish includes the seats of Greenfield and Ballinora and has a Roman Catholic chapel at Ballinora.

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   KILMURRY-ELY, a parish, in the union of Ros- CREA, barony of Clonlisk, King's county, and province of Leinster, 2^ miles (N. by W.) from Shinrone, and on the road from Roscrea to Banaghcr ; containing 1655 inhabitants, and 5385^ statute acres. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, forming part of the union of Shinrone : the tithe rent-charge is £179. 1.6. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Shinrone, and has a chapel at Brusna.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 49

9. Raths at Lismore, Rathgormuck, and Ardmore

   Ardmore · town · Waterford

   Remarkable raths are located on the hill of Lismore, at Rathgormuck in the parish of Kinsalebeg near Youghal, and at Ardmore. The remains at Ardmore show it to have been of great extent, with many others of less note dispersed throughout.

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   are remarkable ratlis on the hill of Lismore, at Rathgormuck, in the parish of Kinsalebeg, near Youghal, and at Ardmore, the remains of which last show it to have been of great extent : many others of less note are dispersed in various quarters. Circular intrenchments, consisting of a small area, defended by a rampart and fosse, and called in the language of the country lis, " a fortified residence," are very numerous, and appear to form with each other branches from more important stations that formerly existed at Waterford, Lismore, Dungarvan, and Ardmore. One of the sepulchral mounts called in England " barrows," and here " duns," is to be seen to the west of Dungarvan ; and many others occur in different parts. A large double trench, called by the Irish Riun-ho-Padriuc, " the trench of St. Patrick's cow," commences to the east of Knockmeledown, and runs in nearly a direct line across the Blackwater, and through the deer-park of Lismore, towards Ardmore, being traceable for sixteen or eighteen miles ; it corresponds exactly with that extraordinary work called " The Danes' Cast," which runs through the counties of Armagh and Down. A second trench from Cappoquin, through the plain along the side of the mountains westward into the county of Cork, is called by the peasantry Clee-duff. Cromlechs exist in the barony of Gaultier, within five miles of Waterford ; on Kilmacombe hill ; on Sugar-loaf hill, near Reisk ; at Dunhill; Gurteen ; near Stradbally ; and other places. There appear to have formerly existed, within the limits of the county, 24 religious establishments ; but at present vestiges remain of the buildings of those only of MothiU, Dungarvan, Stradbally, Lismore, and Ardmore. The castles and fortified houses were very numerous : there still exist (some of them entire, and the rest in ruins) that of Lismore, one on the Little Island, one at Crook, Cullen Castle, and those of Carrickbcg, Ballyclough, Feddens, Clonea, Darinlar, Dungarvan, Modeligo, Kilbree, Strancally, Conagh, and Castlereagh. The princely castle of Lismore, the mansion of the Duke of Devonshire, and that of Curraghmore, the seat of the Marquess of Waterford, with which is embodied the ancient castle of that place, are, with the other mansions and seats of the nobility and gentry worthy of particular notice, described in the accounts of the parishes in which they are respectively situated.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 376

10. Raths at Salville and Donamore near Enniscorthy

    Enniscorthy · townland · Wexford

    A fine tumulus or rath stands at Salville or Moatabeg, and another at Donamore, both in the neighbourhood of Enniscorthy. A rath also exists near Old Ross.

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    The RELICS of ANTIQUITY anterior to the arrival of the English are very few, with the exception of monastic buildings. A fine tumulus or rath stands at Salville or Moatabeg, and another at Donamore, both in the neiglibourhood of Enniscorthy ; near Old Ross is also a rath or tumulus, and two of considerable extent are to be seen near Dunbrody. Smaller raths are scattered in numbers through the southern baronies : one of the most perfect is that at Ballytrent, near Broadway, which has a double mound and has been laid out as a pleasuregarden. There are remains of monasteries at Wexford town, Enniscorthy, St. John's to the south of Enniscorthy, Ferns, Dunbrody, Ross, and Clonmines. Tintern Abbey has been converted into a residence, and the houses of Ballyhack, Carnsore, and Clonmore, are now parish churches ; the remains of Glascarrig are also still visible, part being used as a barn. The sites of the other monastic buildings are either uncertain or wholly unknown : their names are Achadbabla, Airdnecoemhain, Arbensis, Ardladhrann, Camross, Disert- Cheandubhoin, Down, Drum-chaoin-chellaigh, Fionmagh, Horetown, Inverdaoile, lunisbeg, Innisfcal, Kildoghan or Killogan, Maghere-nuidhe, Seanbhotha, and Taghmon. There were religious houses on each of the little islands of Beg Erin and Dcrinis. Near Carnsore are the ruins of a very ancient chapel, called St. Vaugh's.

    The remains of castellated buildings are more numerous. At Wexford is White Castle, over against the entrance to the harbour ; also a castle within the town, since taken down and a barrack erected on its site. 659

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 397

11. Raths in Mullinacuff parish

    Mullinacuff · parish · Wicklow

    Several raths, ancient earthen fortifications, are located within the parish of Mullinacuff in County Wicklow.

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    In the Roman Catholic divisions Mullinacuff is within the district of Clonniore. There are several raths in the parish. — See Achold.

    MULLINAHONE, n town, in the parish of Kil- VEMNON, union of Callan, barony of Slievardaoh, county of Tipverauy, and province of Munster, 4|- miles (S. S. W.) from Callan, on the road to Fethard ; containing about 238 houses, and 1306 inhabitants. It derives considerable traffic from its situation on a public thoroughfare, and is the resting-place for the carmen in their journey from Carrick-on-Suir to the colliery district around Ballingarry. A market for butter of excellent quality is held on Thursday, and great quantities are purchased by the Carrick, Kilkenny, and Cloumel merchants. Fairs are also held, on the first of May and the first Thursday in December, for stock of all kinds, and are remarkably well attended ; great numbers of pigs are sold. A constabulary police force is stationed in the town, in which are also a Roman Catholic chapel, and a dispensary. There are some remains of an ancient building, supposed to have been a monastery.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 186

12. Raths in the parish of Listowel

    Listowel · town · Kerry

    Several raths are found in different parts of the parish associated with the town of Listowel, indicating early settlement activity in the area.

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    age, in the diocese of Ossory, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithe reut-charge is £I9;1. 17- The glebe-house was erected in lti'21, by aid of a gift of £300 and a loan of £500 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 10^ acres. The church was built in 1796, by aid of a gift of £500 from the same Board, and has been repaired by a grant of £"^07 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Rosbercon. There are several raths in different parts ; and at Listerling is a mount surrounded by a fosse, from which the spot is supposed to derive its name, originally perhaps Li.s-Easterliiig, or " the abode of the Ostmen ;" near it has been found a small artificial cave, and it is traditionally stated that St. Mullen formerly resided at or near the moat.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 90

13. Raths of Odder, Rameven and Ringlestown near Tara

    Ringlestown · townland · Meath

    The raths of Odder, Rameven, and Ringlestown, located in the same neighbourhood as Tara, were notable Danish monuments that had all been planted over.

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    The most remarkable relics of antiquity of the earliest ages are two round towers, one at Kells, and the other in the churchyard of Donoughmore, near Navan. At New Grange, near Slane, is a very curious tumulus, in which is an artificial cavern of some extent and singular construction. Near Dowth are a Druidical circle and the remains of a cromlech. Vestiges of Danish monuments are very numerous ; the most remarkable is a rath near Taragh, supposed to have been the residence of the Danish king, Turgesius ; the raths of Odder, Rameven, and Ringlestown, are in the same neighbourhood : they have all been planted. Six of the ancient instruments called corabasnas were found by persons digging in a park near Slane, in 1781 : the corabasna was of a complex form, consisting of two circular plates of brass connected by a spiral wire, which produced a jingling noise when the plates were struck by the fingers ; it was used for the purpose of keeping time. Two splendid torques of pure gold were found near Taragh, in 1813, and passed into the pos- 326

    MEAT

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

14. Rathwire castle built by Hugh de Lacy

    near Rathwire · town · Westmeath

    A castle called Rathwire was erected by Hugh de Lacy, of which only the foundations and some of the outworks remained discernible by the 1830s. A Roman Catholic chapel was also situated at Rathwire.

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    Sligo and Galway ; containing 956'2 inhabitants, of whom lal are in the town. This place, which is also called Killuquin, appears to have derived its name from an abbey founded here by St. Lucian, and which subseijuently became the parish church. A castle called Rathwire was erected by Hugh de Lacy, of which only the foundations and some of the outworks are at present discernible. The town consists of '29 houses ; is a constabulary police station ; and has a sub-post-office in connexion with Kinnegad. A market is held weekly, and a handsome market-house has lately been built by Lord Longford : there are fairs on March 27th, May 25th, Sept. 29th, and Nov. 28fh ; and petty-sessions every Saturday. The parish, with the district parish of Kinnegad, comprises 3.5,.5S9|- statute acres ; the surface is greatly diversified. The land is in general fertile, and principally under tillage ; there are some large dairy-farms, and the system of agriculture is improved. Within the parish are some extensive tracts of bog ; a railroad was recently laid down at Griftinstown, by Mr. Featherston-Haugh, for draining the bog on that estate. There are very fine quarries of black flagstone, from which were taken materials for the custom-house docks of Dublin ; and on Sion Hill is a quarry having the appearance of slate, but it is not worked. The principal scats are, Lotown, situated in a richly wooded demesne ; GrifHnstown House ; Hyde Park ; Wardinstowu ; Curristown ; Lisnabin, a handsome castellated mansion recently erected ; (luntingdon ; Joristown ; Grangemore, a handsome house in a well-planted demesne ; Riverdale ; Craddeustown ; Corbetstown ; and Derrymoe. On the demesne of Joristown is the hill of Knockshiban, a conspicuous landmark, commanding a very extensive prospect over a richly diversified tract of country. The Royal Canal passes through the parish : there are several very small lakes ; and to the west are some dry limestone tracts, curiously interspersed with patches of bog.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

15. Ratoath mount where Malachy held convention of states

    Ratoath · town · Meath

    Ratoath, anciently called Rathtotoath, derived its name from a conspicuous mount near the church where Malachy, first monarch of all Ireland, is said to have held a convention of the states. The rath has since been planted and several old coins have been found near it.

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    RATOATH, a parish (formerly a parliamentary borough), in the union of Dunshavghlin, barony of Ratoath, county of Meath, and province of Lein- STER, 3 miles (X. \V.) from Ashbourne, and 1 li (X. \V.) from Dublin; containing 1597 inhabitants, of whom 533 are in the village. This place, anciently called Rathtotoath, is supposed to have derived that name from a conspicuous mount near the church, on which Malachy, the first monarch of all Ireland, is said to have held a convention of the states. In the reign of Henry VI. it was classed among the borough towns of Meath, and had attained such importance as to give its name to the hundred ; it had also an abbey, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, and sent members to the Irish parliament, which it continued to do till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The village contains 97 houses, but retains nothing of its former importance. The manufacture of sacking and the weaving of linen are carried on to a small extent ; and fairs, chiefly for cattle and pigs, are held on April ISth, June 1st, and Nov. 20th ; for which, though authorised by patent, no toll has been lately demanded. A constabulary police force is stationed here ; and a manorial court was formerly held, but within the last few years has been discontinued.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 255

16. Rattoo castle and abbey fortified and burned, 1600

    Rattoo · townland · Kerry · 1600

    In 1600 the abbey buildings at Rattoo were fortified by the Irish but burned on the approach of Sir Charles Wilmot's forces, who then took and garrisoned the castle of Rattoo. No remains of the castle now survive.

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    RATTOO, a parish, in the union of Listowel, partly in the barony of Iraghticonnor, but chiefly in the barony of Clanmaurice, county of Kerry, and province of Munster, 7 miles (W. by S.) from Listowel, and on the road from Tralee to Ballybunnian, by Cashen ferry ; containing 3860 inhabitants. In ancient writings this place is called " Rathtoy;" and from the term " Burgess lands " being apphed to designate some grounds in the vicinity, it is supposed that Rattoo was formerly a corporate town : it is also said to have had seven churches, and to have been once the seat of a bishopric, — a statement which its ancient round tower seems to countenance. An abbey of Canons Regular of St. Augustine (originally a commandery belonging to the Knights Hospitallers) was founded here by one Friar William and confirmed by Miler Fitz Miler, in the reign of King John. It was subsequently occupied by Aroasian Canons, and dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul ; the abbot was a lord of parliament. In 1600 the buildings were fortified by the Irish, but were burned on the approach of Sir Chas. Wilmot's forces, by whom the castle of Rattoo was taken and garrisoned.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 255

17. Rattoo round tower and abbey remains

    Rattoo · townland · Kerry · 1199–1216

    Rattoo possesses an ancient round tower still entire and clothed with ivy, adjoining the remains of an abbey. The abbey of Canons Regular of St. Augustine was founded by Friar William and confirmed by Miler Fitz Miler in the reign of King John.

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    The parish is situated at the confluence of the rivers Feale and Brick, and comprises 8230 statute acres ; two-thirds of the land are arable, and the remainder, with the exception of about 730 acres of bog, consists of coarse pasture. The surface is in some parts hilly ; the lower grounds are marshy, being generally inundated in winter, but made available by extensive drainage for tillage and pasture. About 100 acres have been embanked by T. A. Stoughton, Esq., and are now in a high state of cultivation ; sea-weed is generally used for manure, and the state of agriculture is progressively improving. There are quarries of good brown stone, used for building ; and a flagstone quarry, wtich has not yet been mucli worked. Several boats and lighters are employed in fishing, and in the conveyance of seamanure. Fairs and petty-sessions are held at Benmare, irhicli see. The seats are Ballyhorgan, Rattoo Lodge, Bushmount, Millview, and Dromartin. The living is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe ; the rectory is impropriate in Mr. Stoughton, who is patron of the curacy : the tithe rent-charge is £213. 15., the whole of which is payable to the impropriator, who allows £15 per annum to the incumbent of Killury for discharging the clerical duties. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Killury or Causeway, and has a chapel at BallyduflF. There are no remains of the castle ; but those of the abbey still exist, and, together with the adjoining lofty round tower, which is still entire and clothed with ivy, form an interesting and picturesque group.

    RAUGHLEY, a village, in the parish of Drvmcliff, barony of Carbery, union and county of Sligo, and province of Co.NNAUGHT, 10 miles (N. \V.) from Sligo; containing I70 inhabitants. This place, which is situated on the north side of the bay of Sligo, takes its name from a small elevated peninsula connected with the sand-hills on the shore by a long narrow isthmus, and having on the south-west side the Wheateu Rock, which extends nearly half a mile to the north-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 255

18. Rattoo said to have had seven churches and a bishopric

    Rattoo · townland · Kerry

    Rattoo, called Rathtoy in ancient writings, is said to have had seven churches and to have been once the seat of a bishopric, a statement its ancient round tower seems to countenance. The term 'Burgess lands' applied to grounds nearby suggests it was formerly a corporate town.

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    RATTOO, a parish, in the union of Listowel, partly in the barony of Iraghticonnor, but chiefly in the barony of Clanmaurice, county of Kerry, and province of Munster, 7 miles (W. by S.) from Listowel, and on the road from Tralee to Ballybunnian, by Cashen ferry ; containing 3860 inhabitants. In ancient writings this place is called " Rathtoy;" and from the term " Burgess lands " being apphed to designate some grounds in the vicinity, it is supposed that Rattoo was formerly a corporate town : it is also said to have had seven churches, and to have been once the seat of a bishopric, — a statement which its ancient round tower seems to countenance. An abbey of Canons Regular of St. Augustine (originally a commandery belonging to the Knights Hospitallers) was founded here by one Friar William and confirmed by Miler Fitz Miler, in the reign of King John. It was subsequently occupied by Aroasian Canons, and dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul ; the abbot was a lord of parliament. In 1600 the buildings were fortified by the Irish, but were burned on the approach of Sir Chas. Wilmot's forces, by whom the castle of Rattoo was taken and garrisoned.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 255

19. Raylestown parish near Cashel

    Rathduff · townland · Tipperary

    Raylestown, also called Villaraile, is a parish in the barony of Middlethird, County Tipperary, situated 3 miles south-east of Cashel. It comprised 904 statute acres with 256 inhabitants and was a rectory in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Fethard.

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    RAYLESTOWN, or Villaraile, a parish, in the union of Cashel, barony of Middlethird, county of TiPPERARY, and province of Munster, 3 miles (S. E.) from Cashel ; containing '256 inhabitants. This parish comprises 904 statute acres. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Fethard : the tithe rent- charge is £55. S. In the Roman Catholic divisions also the parish is part of the union or district of Fethard.

    RAYMOCHY, or Ray, a parish, in the union of Letterkenny, barony of Raphoe, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, 4 miles (E.) from Letterkenny; containing 5*33 inhabitants. This parish, also called Raghniohie, is situated on Lough Swilly, and comprises 15,'287 statute acres. The land is chiefly arable, and there is some bog and mountain : agriculture is much improving. Fairs are held at Manor-Cunningham, on the 6th of every second month, commencing in January, principally for cattle. Lough Swilly is navigable to the sea for vessels of '200 tons' burthen. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin: the tithe rent-charge is £47'2; and the glebe comprises 505 Cunningham acres, valued at £^54. 13. per annum. The glebe-house was built in 1775, by the then incumbent ; and offices and many other improvements were added during subsequent incumbencies, especially during that of the late Archdeacon Ussher. The church is a plain building, erected in 179'2 at a cost of £646, of which £554 were contributed by the landed proprietors, and £92 by parochial assessment ; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £167. 6. for repairs. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Lagan, or All 469

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 256

20. Raymond Le Gros lands at Dundonolf near Waterford

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1171

    In May 1171, Raymond Le Gros landed at Dundonolf or Dundrone, four miles from Waterford, with an advance guard of 10 knights and 70 archers sent by Earl Strongbow. The party threw up entrenchments and repelled an attack by 3000 Danes and Irish, capturing 70 principal citizens of Waterford who were subsequently put to death on Hervey de Montemarisco's advice.

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    In 1171, after the taking of Wexford by Hervey de Montemarisco and his companions, Raymond Le Gros landed, in May, at Dundonolf or Dundrone, four miles from Waterford, with a force of 10 knights and 70 archers, sent as an advance guard by Earl Strongbow, who had spent the whole of the preceding winter in preparation for the invasion of Leinster, in support of the deposed sovereign Dermod M'^Murrough. This party, for their immediate security, threw up an intrenchraent and a temporary fortification, which was soon attacked by an irregular force of 3000 men, consisting of the Danes of this place and the troops of the princes of Decies and Idrone. The English retreated from this formidable superiority of numbers into their fort, and the Irish pressing closely upon them were partly within the gates, when Raymond slew their leader ; upon which, his associates, animated by his example, compelled the assailants to retire. Raymond ordered a numerous herd of cattle collected by the English from the adjacent country, to be driven furiously against the retiring army, which was thus thrown into confusion ; and seizing the advantage, he rushed with impetuosity upon the disordered troops, and gained a complete victory, committed dreadful slaughter, and returned to the fort with 70 captives, all principal inhabitants of the city. These offered large sums for their ransom, and promised to surrender the city as the price of their liberty ; but Raymond, listening to the advice of Hervey de Montemarisco, adopted the barbarous policy of putting them all to death. Raymond and Hervey now waited here for the arrival of Strongbow, who, on the eve of the festival of St. Bartholomew, appeared in the harbour, and landed with 200 knights and 1'200 infantry, all chosen men and well-appointed soldiers. Strongbow was immediately joined by Raymond and his party, and, on the following morning, marched in military array to attack the city, which had received considerable reinforcements from the neigh- 634

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 377

21. Raymond Le Gros ravages Lismore, 1173

    Lismore · town · Waterford · 1173

    In 1173 Raymond Le Gros marched to Lismore with plunder taken in Ophaly, ravaged the city and neighbourhood, and then proceeded on his route to Dungarvan.

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    Henry II., after landing at Waterford, marched to this place, where he was met by the chiefs of Munster, who, with the archbishops, bishops, and abbots of Ireland, swore allegiance to him, and gave him a charter confirming the kingdom of Ireland to him and his heirs for ever. While here, the king chose a site, and gave the necessary orders for the erection of a fortress for its defence. In 1173, Raymond Le Gros, with the English army, marched to Lismore with the plunder he had taken in Ophaly ; and, after ravaging the city and neighbourhood, proceeded on his route to Dungarvan. A castle was erected here, in 1185, by John, Earl of Morton, and Lord of Ireland. Four years afterwards it was taken by the Irish, who put Robert de Barry, the commander, and the whole of the garrison, to the sword ; it was, however, soon rebuilt by the king, and for many ages continued to be the residence of the bishops of the see, till Miler Magrath, Archbishop of Cashel and Bishop of Lismore, in 1518 granted the manor and other lands to Sir Walter Raleigh, from whom, with the rest of his possessions, they were purchased by Sir Richard Boyle, afterwards created Earl of Cork. The castle was greatly strengthened and improved by the earl, who built three other forts in the neighbourhood, one of which was at the Park, one at Ballygarran, and the third at Ballyinn ; he also obtained a charter of incorporation for the town, and the grant of a market and fairs.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 85

22. Raymond le Gros receives hostages at Killaloe

    Killaloe · town · Clare · 1177

    In 1177, Raymond le Gros, after his triumphant entry into Limerick, came to Killaloe where he received the hostages of Roderic, King of Connaught, and O'Brien, Prince of Thomond. Both took the oath of fealty to the King of England.

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    KILLALOE, a post-town and parish, and the seat of a diocese, in the barony of Tulla Lower, union of ScARiFF, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 20 miles (E. by S.) from Ennis, and 87 (S. W. by W.) from Dublin, on the road from Scariff to Nenagh ; containing 4957 inhabitants, of whom 2009 are in the town. This place, anciently called Laonia, derived its present name, supposed to be a corruption of Kil-da- Lua, from the foundation of an abbey in the 6th century by St. Lua or Molua, grandson of Eocha Baildearg, King of Munster, which abbey became the head of a diocese. Turlogh O'Brien, in 1054, built a bridge across the Shannon at this place, which had grown into some importance, though little of its previous history is related; and, in 1061, Hugh O'Connor destroyed the castle that had been erected here, and burned the town, which was again reduced to ashes in 1080 and 1084, by the people of Conmacne. In II77, Raymond le Gros, after his triumphant entry into Limerick, came to this place, where he received the hostages of Roderic, King of Connaught, and O'Brien, Prince of Thomond, who took the oath of fealty to the King of England. On Richard de Clare's procuring a grant of certain lands in the county of Clare, this town, as containing the only ford over the Shannon, obtained for some time the appellation of Claresford. In 136/, after the recall to England of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, chief governor of Ireland, who had acquired considerable tracts of territory around the town, Murrogh-na-Ranagh, one of the O Briens, made himself master of all the coimtry beyond the Shannon, and destroyed this town and several others belonging to the Enghsh. General Sarsfield, in 1681, i)osted a strong party at this place, to defend the passage of the river; but the party having abandoned their post, the English advanced into the western provmces. In I69I the same general, at the head of a select body of cavalry, passed the river, and destroyed

    a convoy of ammunition on its way to William III., then at Limerick.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 33

23. Raymond le Gros residence and Courtstown Castle

    Courtstown · townland · Kilkenny

    Courtstown was the principal residence of Raymond le Gros, Strongbow's companion in arms. The ruins of Courtstown Castle, once striking, are now reduced to little more than an outline of the foundations.

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    The parish is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Callan : the tithe rent-charge is £384. 18. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Freshford : the chapel is on the townland of Brith. There is scarcely a townland in which some vestige of remote antiquity cannot be traced. One of the most perfect raths is at Courtstown ; it is composed of a large moated inclosure encompassing a smaller : on the same townland are two of inferior dimensions. Others of very large size are on the lands of Rathely-Grace, and near the site of the old parish church. The ruins of Courtstown Castle, which for many years presented striking remains indicative of its former extent and importance, are now reduced to little more than an outline of the foundations : in digging among these, many curious relics of former ages have been discovered. About half a mile eastward of the castle are the ruins of TuUaroan church and Grace's chapel, both founded by members of the Grace family : the former are of small extent, and present little to attract attention ; the latter building, which is an offset from the church, is entered by a curiously decorated ogee gateway. The remains of a small structure, supposed to be a friary, are near the church ; and at the rath of Rathely-Grace are some remains of the eastern window of an old church, and of its side walls, which are pierced with loopholes instead of windows. In the village are two ornamented stone crosses in a perfect state ; a third, now mutilated, is on the roadside near Bonnetstown. The water in some of the landdrains is deeply coloured with ochreous matter, affording strong indications of the existence of iron.

    TULLIG, a village, in the parish of Kilballyhone, union of Kilrush, barony of Moyarta, county of Clare, and province of Munster j containing 269 inhabitants.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 357

24. RC chapel at Mount Bellew demesne

    Mountbellew · town · Galway

    An elegant Roman Catholic chapel with a lofty tower stands in the demesne of Mount Bellew, built by the late Mr. Bellew.

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    First Fruits contributed a gift of £"200 and a loan of £500, is a handsome residence ; and the glebe comprises 15§ acres, valued at £18. 15. per annum. The gross revenue of the benefice, including glebe and tithe, is £1086. S. The church, a neat edifice with a tower, was erected in 1808, the Board of First Fruits advancing a loan of £200. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a union, called sometimes Aghiart, and comprising also the parishes of Aghiart and Killascobe : there are three chapels, of which two are in this parish ; one in the village of INIoylough, a handsome edifice, occupying a site given by Mr. Bellew, who also gave £300 towards its erection ; the other in the demesne of Mount Bellew, an elegant edifice with a lofty tower, built by the late Mr. Bellew. There are some Danish raths, and the ruins of an ancient castle.

    IMOYLOUGH, a parish, in the poor-law union of Oldcastle, barony of Demifore, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (S.) from Oldcastle, and on the great road from Dublin to Sligo ; containing '2*69 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Inny, which rises here and falls into Lough Sheelin ; and comprises 7457 statute acres. Agriculture has but little improved: there is scarcely any bog; limestone abounds, and several quarries are extensively worked. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Loughcrew : the tithe rentcharge is £138. 9. In the Roman Cathohc divisions the parish is part of the union of Oldcastle : the chapel is a handsome building in the later English style, and is embellished with a painting over the altar ; it was erected at an expense of £1000. Some of the foundations of the church, which belonged to the abbey of Fore, are still discernible ; and there are remains of an ancient castle, of which no historical details are extant.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 182

25. RC chapel at Moylough village on Bellew-donated site

    Moylough · town · Galway

    A handsome Roman Catholic chapel in the village of Moylough was built on a site given by Mr. Bellew, who also contributed £300 towards its erection.

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    First Fruits contributed a gift of £"200 and a loan of £500, is a handsome residence ; and the glebe comprises 15§ acres, valued at £18. 15. per annum. The gross revenue of the benefice, including glebe and tithe, is £1086. S. The church, a neat edifice with a tower, was erected in 1808, the Board of First Fruits advancing a loan of £200. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a union, called sometimes Aghiart, and comprising also the parishes of Aghiart and Killascobe : there are three chapels, of which two are in this parish ; one in the village of INIoylough, a handsome edifice, occupying a site given by Mr. Bellew, who also gave £300 towards its erection ; the other in the demesne of Mount Bellew, an elegant edifice with a lofty tower, built by the late Mr. Bellew. There are some Danish raths, and the ruins of an ancient castle.

    IMOYLOUGH, a parish, in the poor-law union of Oldcastle, barony of Demifore, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (S.) from Oldcastle, and on the great road from Dublin to Sligo ; containing '2*69 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Inny, which rises here and falls into Lough Sheelin ; and comprises 7457 statute acres. Agriculture has but little improved: there is scarcely any bog; limestone abounds, and several quarries are extensively worked. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Loughcrew : the tithe rentcharge is £138. 9. In the Roman Cathohc divisions the parish is part of the union of Oldcastle : the chapel is a handsome building in the later English style, and is embellished with a painting over the altar ; it was erected at an expense of £1000. Some of the foundations of the church, which belonged to the abbey of Fore, are still discernible ; and there are remains of an ancient castle, of which no historical details are extant.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 182

26. Reary church ruins and St. Finian's well

    Rearymore · parish · Laois

    In the grounds of Rearymore stood the ruins of a church with an extensive burial-place still in use. Nearby was a well dedicated to St. Finian, consisting of cavities in solid rock always full of clear water, greatly venerated by the peasantry.

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    RERYMORE, or Rkauy, a parish, in the union of MouNTMELLicK, barony of Tinnehinch, Queen's county, and province of Leinster, 6 miles (X. W.) from Mountmellick, on the road to Parsonstown ; containing '2916 inhabitants. This parish comprises 13,943 statute acres, and is situated on the river Barrow, which is here little more than a mountain stream : the land is generally of good quality, and in a profitable state of cultivation ; it is chiefly under tillage, and the system of agriculture is improved. The principal seats are Reary Vale and Rerymore, in the grounds of which latter are the ruins of the church, with an extensive burial-place still in use. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare, forming part of the union of Oregan, or Rosenallls ; the rectory is impropriate in General Dunne, and the tithe rent-charge is £165. "2., two-thirds payable to the impropriator, and one-third to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is partly in the union of Clonaslee, and partly in that of Rosenallis. Near the ruins of the church is a well dedicated to St. Finian, still held in veneration by the peasantry, and greatly resorted to on the festival of that saint ; it consists of three or four cavities in the solid rock, which are always full of dear water.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 257

27. Rebuilding of Rosscarbery Cathedral

    Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1612

    The cathedral church at Rosscarbery, which also served as the parish church, was rebuilt in 1612 in the later English style. It featured a lofty square tower, which was later surmounted by an octagonal spire in 1806.

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    Ross is one of the dioceses that constitute the ecclesiastical province of Dublin, and is wholly within the county of Cork, comprising an estimated superficies of 124,000 acres. The possessions of the see comprise 8179 statute acres of profitable land; and the gross annual revenue of the bishop, on an average of three years ending Dec. 31st, 1831, amounted to £1715. 17- The chapter consists of a dean, precentor, chancellor, treasurer, archdeacon, and the prebendaries of Timoleague, Inchydony, Curragrainemore, Donoughmore, and Templebryan ; there is also one vicar-choral. The income of the deanery amounted, before the passing of the Rent-charge act, to £91 per annum, arising from the ploughland of Ardagh, containing 23S acres ; houses and gardens in the town of Rosscarbery ; and the rectorial tithes of the parish of Desert : that of the precentorship amounted to £'205, the rent of '237 acres of land in the parish of Rosscarbery ; that of the chancellorship to £11. 1., the rent of the lands of Gahaniffmore, in the parish of Rathbarry, containing 178 acres ; and that of the treasurership to £63, arising from the ploughland of Tinned, in Rosscarbery, containing 210^ acres. The consistorial court is held at Cork. The total number of parishes in the diocese is 33, comprised within 26 benefices, of which 5 are unions of two or more parishes, and 21 single parishes; one benefice is in the alternate patronage of the Crown and the Bishop, 20 in the patronage of the Bishop, and the remainder in lay patronage. The number of churches is about 20 ; and there are nine schoolrooms or other houses licensed by the bishop, in which divine service is performed ; and 1 1 glebe-houses. The cathedral church, which from time immemorial has been also used as the parish church, was rebuilt in 1612; it was a handsome structure, in the later English style, with a lofty square tower, which in 1806 was surmounted with an octagonal spire of hewn limestone, at an expense of £964 : the church has just been rebuilt, on an enlarged scale by the addition of a south transept, which renders it perfectly cruciform. The entrance on the south is by a fine Norman arch ; and above the western door is a lofty window of three lights, enriched with tracery. The nave is separated from the choir by a stone skreen ; the choir has a large and handsome window at the east end; the north and south aisles are lighted with square-headed windows enriched with tracery ; and the whole bears the character of uniformity. The economy fund of the cathedral amovmts to £419. 1. 8. per annum, arising from the tithe of the parishes of Rosscarbery, Kilkerranm:;re, Rathbarry, Kilfaughnabeg, and Kilmacabea.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 265

28. Redbay Castle remains and pudding-stone cavern

    Red Bay · townland · Antrim

    On the eastern coast of Antrim, above Redbay, stand the remains of Redbay Castle on a lofty cliff, said to have been erected in the reign of Elizabeth. Beneath the castle is a spacious cavern whose sides and roof are formed of rounded silicious stones imbedded in sandstone matrix, known as pudding-stone, differing entirely from the surrounding rocks.

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    REDBAY, a hamlet, in the parish of Layde, union of Ballycastle, barony of Lower Glenarm, county of Antrim, and province of Ulster, l^ mile (S.) from Cushendall : the population is returned -with the parish. This place is situated on the eastern coast, and on the new coast road from Glenarm to the Giants' Causeway : the shore is bold, and above the bay are some lofty cliffs of romantic appearance, on one of which are the interesting remains of Redbay Castle, said to have been erected in the reign of Elizabeth. Underneath this castle is a spacious and singular cavern, the sides and the roof of which are formed on rounded silicious stones imbedded in a matrix of sandstone, commonly called pudding-stone, and differing entirely from those of the rocks in the vicinity ; the opening is towards the sea, and through the arch which forms the entrance is a fine view of the sea, especially at high water. In the vicinity is a small Roman Catholic chapel belonging to the district of Cushendall.

    REDCTTY, or Demelloge (also called Kilmillock), a parish, in the union of Cashel, barony of Middlethird, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 1^: mile (S. W.) from Fethard ; containing 238 inhabitants, and comprising 719 statute acres. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, annexed to the rectory and vicarage of Tuliamain, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge of the parish is £72, and the tithe of both parishes £177- The parishioners attend the adjoining parish church of Fethard.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 256

29. Red Ditch ancient boundary from Kerry Head to Limerick

    near Kerry Head · promontory · Kerry

    Clee Riadh, or the Red Ditch, was a singular line of defence commencing at Caher Carbery near Kerry Head and carried eastward to the Cashen river, then over Knockanure mountain into Limerick county where traces were lost. It was conjectured to mark the boundary between the principalities of Thomond and Desmond.

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    The VESTIGES of ANTIQUITY Scattered over the county are very numerous, though the most common are merely the traces of the military struggles of which it has been the scene. It had formerly three of the ancient round towers, of which the one that stood near the cathedral oi Ardfert fell in 1771 ; of another, at Aghadue about 20 feet remain ; and the third is still standing nearly entire at Rattoo. Stuigiif fort, in the parish of Kilcrohane, is an extraordinary circular building of the most remote date : there is another stone fort with seats around it, about three miles distant, but in ruins, from the inferior solidity of its workmanship ; and a similar inclosure is to be seen in Iveragh, on the opposite side of the river to Cahirciveen. Perhaps of a remoter age are the Ogham inscriptions near the church of Kilmelchedor, not far from Sraerwick harbour ; where there is another inscription in a running character of various ancient letters. At Ballysteeny is likewise a stone with an Ogham inscription ; and, in the ruined church of Aghadoe, another. Among the most curious of the ancient fortifications is the circular inclosure at Caherdonnel, which is attributed to the Danes ; and on the mountain of Cahirconree, or " the fortress of King Con," is a circle of massive stones, also piled in the manner of a Danish intrenchment. There is a Danish camp, called Caher Truiit, on the shores of Ventry haven ; and another at Rathanaiie, in the same vicinity. Clee Riiadh, or the Red Ditch, is a singular line of defence, commencing at a place called Caher Carbery, near Kerry Head, and carried eastward to the Cashen river, beyond which it re-appears ; proceeding over Knockanure mountain, it enters Limerick county, where all traces of it are lost. It is conjectured to have been a line of demarcation between the principalities of Thomond and Desmond. The most curious of the minor remains of the more remote ages is the bronze instrument, resembling a kettle-drum, found at Muckross, and now deposited in Charlemont House, Dubhn. Eighteen Religious Houses are said to have anciently existed in this county ; and there are remains of those of Aghamore or Derrynanc, Ardfert, Ballinaskellig, Innisfallen, Irrelagh or Muckross, Killagh or de Bello Loco (in the parish of Kilcoleman), Lislaghtin, O'Dorney or Kjnrie Eleison, and Rattoo or Rathtoy. There are also the ruins of the ancient cathedrals of Ardfert and Aghadoe ; a ruined religious building, called Monaster in Oriel, in the parish of Kilgarvan ; chapels or cells, built entirely of stone with arched roofs, on Skellig and Blasquet Islands, from the former of which the abbey of Ballinaskellig was removed to the main land ; a curious church and cell, dedicated to St. Finian, on an island in Lough Currane, in the parish of Dromod ; a stone-roofed cell at Fane, in the parish of Ventry ; one also at Kelmelchedor j one near Gallerus, at the 15

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 11

30. Redemon academy at Kilmore, County Down

    Kilmore · townland · Down

    Dr. Moses Nelson and his son Dr. William Nelson, both distinguished classical scholars, were Presbyterian ministers at Kilmore in County Down and are interred in the burial-ground there. The Redemon academy under their superintendence was very celebrated.

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    the barony of Kinelarty, and 6466^ in Upper Castlereagh ; 94 acres are water, 60 bog, 400 waste, •ir,0 woodland, 600 pasture, and the remainder arable land in a high state of cultivation, and producing a great quantity of barley. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Down, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate, and the tithe rent-charge \h £535. 10., of which £'295. 10. are payable to W. Sharman Crawford, Esq., and the remainder to the vicar. The glebe-house was erected in 1794, at an expense of £461. 10., towards which the Board of First Fruits gave £92; the glebe comprises 29". Ir. I7p., statute measure, valued at £'22 per annum, and subject to a rent of £8. 5. The church is a small edifice, built about 1792, principally at the expense of the family of the present Mr. Crawford. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising the parishes of Kilmore, Inch, and Killileagh, and having two chapels in Kilmore, and one in each of the other parishes. Here is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connexion with the Remonstrant Synod, in the burialground of which Dr. Moses Nelson, who was minister, and his son. Dr. William Nelson, are interred ; both were distinguished classical scholars, and the Redemon academy here was very celebrated under their superintendence. William Fergie, Esq., of Springfield, in the parish, is also interred in this ground ; he died in 1780, at the age of fifty, and weighed when living 42 stone. There are also meeting-houses for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and several national and other schools.

    KILMORE, an ancient parish, in the union of Edenderry, barony of Carbery, county of Kildare, and province of Leinster ; containing 45" inhabitants, and comprising 1908 statute acres.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 47

31. Red Hugh O'Donnell hosts Spanish emissary at Lifford

    Lifford · townland · Donegal · 1596

    In 1596, Hugh O'Donnell, known as Red Hugh, entertained Don Alonzo Copis at Lifford castle. Copis was an emissary of Philip III of Spain, sent to assess the state of Ireland before the embarkation of a Spanish force to assist against the English.

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    LIFFORD, an assize town (formerly a parliamentary borough) and a parish, in the union of Strarane, barony of Raphoe, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, 1 mile (\V.) from Strabane, and 102 (N. by W.) from Dublin, on the road from Strabane to Letterkenny ; containing 5686 inhabitants, of whom 752 are in the town. This place, formerly called Ballyduff and Liffer, and of which the parish still retains its ancient name of Clonleigh, was first distinguished as the residence of the chiefs of the sept of the O'Donells, who had a strong castle here, in which Manus O'Donell, Prince of Tyrconnell, after being detained prisoner for the last eight years of his life by his own son Calvagh, died in 1563. Hugh O'Donell, called Red Hugh, in 1596, entertained in this castle Don Alonzo Copis, emissary of Philip III. of Spain, who had been sent to ascertain the state of Ireland previously to the embarkation of a Spanish force for its assistance against the English. In 1600, Nial Garbh O'Donell, who had abandoned the cause of Hugh, led 1000 men of the English garrison of Derry to this place, which, from the previous destruction of its castle, was defended only by ramparts of earth and a shallow ditch. On the approach of the English, the garrison of Hugh O'Donell abandoned the place, and encamped within two miles of it ; and the English took possession of the post, which they fortified with walls of stone. Nial O Donell. after some weeks had elapsed without any action taking

    LIF F

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 73

32. Red marble quarries at Cartron

    Cartron · townland · Longford

    Quarries of a species of red marble were opened on the lands of Cartron in the parish of Noughoval. The local geology rests on limestone, and the quarries represent an extractive industry in the area.

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    NOGHEVAL, or Noughoval, a parish, in the union of Athi.one, partly in the baronies of AbbeysHRULE and Rathcline, county of Longford, but chiefly in that of Kilkenny West, county of West- MEATH, and province of Leinster; containing, with part of the town of Ballymahon, 4480 inhabitants. A monastery of Dominican friars was founded at Ardnacraney, in the 14th century, by Robert Dillon, of Drumraney. The parish comprises 15,15'2 statute acres, of which 3564 are in the county of Longford : it is bounded on the west by Lough Ree, and the navigable river Inny flows through its northern portion. Agriculture is improving ; the land is chiefly under pasture, with some bog extending along the confines of Longford county to the shores of Lough Ree, the islets of Inchbofin and Inisturk in which, belong to this parish. The soil rests on limestone ; and quarries of a species of red marble have been opened on the lands of Cartron : there are several corn-mills on the Inny. Among the gentlemen's seats are Littleton Lodge, Gortmore House, Ardnacrany, Noghaville, Lissy Hill, Annville, Clonkeen, and Kilcornan : in that part which is in the county of Longford are Cartron and Rathmore. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, entirely impropriate in the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £347. 10., payable to the bishop's lessee. At Tang is a Roman Catholic chapel ; ruins of a church stand on the lands of Noghaville, and of an ancient castle at Lisduffe. Old coins are frequently dug up.

    NOHOVAL, a parish, in the union of Kinsale, barony of Kinnalea, county of Cork, and province of MuNSTER, 8 miles (E.) from Kinsale, on the old road to Robert's-Cove ; containing 1175 inhabitants, of whom 14'Z are in the village. This parish is situated on the southern coast, and comprises '2^68 statute acres. The land is generally good, though the soil is light ; about four-fifths are under tillage, the remainder being rough 405

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 216

33. Redmond's patent-slip and ship-building yard

    Wexford · town · Wexford

    Mr. Redmond constructed a patent-slip and ship-building yard at the southern extremity of his new embankment, promoting the shipping interests of Wexford. Previously, vessels belonging to the port were built at Milford and Liverpool.

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    is the principal passage to the haven's mouth, there are only six feet of water at the ebb of spring tides ; and as the rise of springs is but six feet, and at neaps from three to four, vessels of every size larger than fishingboats must ride outside exposed to the danger of shipwreck before there is a sufficient depth of water to float them in. The navigation, too, of the interior of the harbour, a distance of five miles, is both intricate and shallow. Several expedients have been suggested by Sir John Rennie in a report on the subject, for the diminution of those impediments to the safe navigation of the haven ; but none of them have been yet acted upon. Notwithstanding these formidable obstacles the commerce is considerable : there are 1 10 registered vessels, of the aggregate burthen of 8000 tons, and navigated by 600 seamen, belonging to the port ; chiefly engaged in the British and coasting trade. The port is deemed a great nursery for seamen, as there is always a large proportion of apprentices in the merchants' service here. There are two steamers on the Wexford and Liverpool station, one of which sails every week in winter and twice a week in summer, carrying live cattle, provisions, merchandise, and passengers. The shipping interests have been materially promoted by the construction of a patent-slip and ship-building yard, by Mr. Redmond, at the southern extremity of his new embankment ; the vessels belonging to the port were previously built at Milford and Liverpool. The trade with the interior of the country is carried on chiefly by the Slaney, which is navigable to Enniscorthy. The principal market is on Saturday ; there is one for poultry, butter, eggs, and small wares, on Wednesday : meat, fish, and vegetables are exposed for sale daily. The shambles occupy one side of a street leading from the quay ; the butter-market is held underneath the Court of Conscience, the corn and potato market in a square named the corn-market : poultry is vended in the public street. Fairs are held on Whit-Monday and the ^gth of June, on the Windmill Hill ; on the 24th of Aug., in the Faithe ; and on the Saturday before Shrovetide, March I'th, May 1st, Sept. 29th, and Nov. 1st, in the town.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 399

34. Redoubt ordered for Valentia Island against privateers

    near Valencia Island · island or archipelago · Kerry · 1710

    Around 1710, French privateers harassed the southern coast, prompting Parliament to order the construction of a redoubt on Valentia Island to defend against incursions.

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    cost more men to reduce it than half Ireland, for the county is full of fastnesses and plenty of provision. The greatest advantage may be made of its harbourn, that are for all winds, and near which all ships from the western seas must pass, and if in possession of the French might destroy more merchants of England than out of any parts in France or Ireland." In I69I, a detachment of William's army under Brigadier Levison completely subdued the country, although the Irish inhabitants every where rose to oppose them ; and burned Tralee. About 1710, the southern coast was greatly harassed by French privateers, to check whose inroads a redoubt was ordered by parliament to be erected on Valencia Island.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 7

35. Red soil gives Redhills its name, County Cavan

    near Redhills · population centre · Cavan

    The village of Redhills in the parish of Annagh, County Cavan, takes its name from the peculiarly red colour of the soil, which is strongly impregnated with iron. The roads near the village are all of a deep red colour.

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    REDHILLS, a village, in the parish of Annagh, barony of Tullaghgarvey, union and county of Cavan, and province of Ulster, 2 miles (N. E.) from Belturbet i containing 103 inhabitants. It takes its name from the peculiarly red colour of the soil, which is strongly impregnated with iron : the roads near it are all of a deep red colour. A receiving-house for letters here is under Cavan ; and there is a Roman Catholic chapel belonging to the district of Annagh East, or Killoughter.

    REISK, a parish, in the barony of Middlethird, union and county of Waterford, and province of MuNSTER, 5^ miles (S. W.)from W'aterford ; containing 107'2 inhabitants, and comprising 3S27 statute acres. A considerable range of high land extends into this parish from that of Donisle, and, here dividing into two branches, which inclose the low grounds and lake of Ballyscanlan, stretches onward towards Waterford. It is chiefly composed of pudding-stone and clay-slate, with occasional large masses of jasper, and is overspread with masses varying in size from field-stones to stupendous rocks. In an open space amid the hills is a small conical hill called Crucich, or " the Heap," in which is a vein of rich lead-ore containing a considerable proportion of silver : this was formerly w orked to a great extent. In the neighbourhood are large beds of sand, and appearances of limestone. The vicinity of Penibrokestown is marked by a romantic wildness of peculiar character ■ 470

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 256

36. Refounding of Monastereven monastery in the 12th century

    Monasterevin · town · Kildare · 1170–1540

    The extinct monastery was refounded towards the close of the twelfth century by Dermod O'Dempsey, King of Ophaley, with the consent of Muredach O'Conor. It was made a mitred abbey, and its abbot sat as a baron in the Irish parliament. At the Dissolution, the abbey and manor were granted to George, Lord Audley, who assigned them to Adam Loftus, Viscount Ely.

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    MONASTEREVEN, a market and post town, and a parish, in the union of Athy, barony of West Ophaley, county of Kildare, and province of Lein- STER, 14i miles (\V. S. W.) from Naas, and 30 (S. W.) from Dublin, on the coach-road to Limerick ; containing 3693 inhabitants, of whom 1097 are in the town. This town derives its name from a monastery founded here, and made a place of sanctuary, by St. Abban ; in which were afterwards placed monks from South Munster, by St. Eniin, or Evin, in the seventh century. According to the Book of Lecan, the forcible seizure of this religious house by Cearbhuil was the cause of the war in 908, between that monarch and Cormac Mac Culinan, King of Munster, the latter of whom was defeated. The monastery, having become extinct, was refounded towards the close of the twelfth century, by Dermod O'Dempsey, King of Ophaley, with the consent of Muredach O'Conor; and, though considered as just beyond the border of the English pale, was made a mitred abbey : its abbot sat as a baron in the Irish parliament. At the Dissolution, the abbey and the manor were granted to George, Lord Audley, who assigned them to Adam Loftus, Viscount Ely ; and they are at present the property of the Marquess of Drogheda. During the disturbances of 1798, a battle took place here between the insurgents and a party of the yeomanry, which terminated in the total defeat of the former, and the consequent interruption of their progress into Queen's county.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 166

37. Regent House mansion of polished Scrabo stone

    near Newtownards · town · Down

    Regent House is an elegant Grecian-style mansion recently erected by its proprietor, built of polished Scrabo stone and situated in tasteful grounds commanding a fine view of Lough Strangford and the surrounding country.

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    The PARISH comprises 14,803 statute acres: the land is of good quality, and the system of agriculture highly improved ; there is no waste land, but about 700 acres of valuable bog, from which the neighbourhood is supplied with fuel. In the mountain of Scrabo are two quarries of excellent freestone, equal in appearance and superior in durability to that of Portland, besides fiv<; others of inferior quality ; large quantities are raised for the supply of the adjacent districts, and several cargoes have been shipped to America. Some extensive leadmines are held under lease from the Marquess of Londonderry by a company in the Isle of Man : the ore is rich, but the mines are very indifferently worked ; the water being imperfectly carried off by a level, the lessees have sunk a new shaft, and erected a steam-engine to raise the ore and to drain the mine. The ore is shipped at Bangor and sent to Flint, where it is smelted. Under Scrabo are three thin veins of coal, which show themselves in the lough ; but they are at a great depth beneath the surface, and no attempt to work them has yet been made. Regent House, an elegant mansion in the Grecian style, recently erected by its proprietor, is built of polished Scrabo stone, and situated in tastefully disposed grounds, commanding a fine view of Lough Strangford and the adjacent country.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

38. Reginald built celebrated tower in Waterford

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1003

    Imar died in 1000 and was succeeded in 1003 by his son Reginald, who built the celebrated tower at Waterford. This construction represents a significant Danish-era monument in the city.

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    The original foundation of the city is by some writers referred to the year l.")5 ; but its antiquity as a place of any importance cannot be traced beyond the year 853, when it is said to have been built by the Danes or Ostmen, under their leader, Sitiricus or Sitric. The city, for that period, was a place of great strength, surrounded with walls ; and the scattered notices of the colony which are still preserved, shew that the inhabitants maintained among themselves an independent and sovereign authority, and that they were for a long time the terror, if not the absolute masters, of a vast extent of country. Up to the time of the English settlement, the colony strictly avoided all intimate connexion with the native inhabitants of the country, and preserved all its ancient customs, manners, and character, unchanged. In S93 it is recorded that Patrick, son of Ivor or Imar, King of the Danes of Waterford, was slain ; and in 937, that the Danes of Waterford wasted all the county of Meath. According to the annals of Tigernach, Imar, King of Waterford, laid waste the county of Kildare ; and in 995 succeeded AnlaDTc in the occupation of Dublin : he died in the year 1000, and was succeeded, in 1003, by his son Reginald, who built the celebrated 4 M

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 376

39. Reginald's (Ring) Tower in Waterford

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1003–1819

    A tower erected in 1003, said to be the oldest in Ireland, was held by Strongbow in 1171, used as a mint by Edward IV in 1463, and rebuilt as a police barrack in 1819. It is known by the name of Reginald, corruptly called Reynold's and now the Ring Tower.

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    tower known by his name, corruptly called Reynold's, and now the Ring Tower. This tower was erected in 1003, and is said to be the oldest in Ireland : in 1171 it was held as a fortress by Strongbow ; in 1463 a mint was estabhshed in it by Edward IV. ; and recently, in 1S19, it was rebuilt and formed into a police barrack. Another Imar of Waterford is recorded to have been slain, in 10'2'2, by the King of Ossory, and to have been succeeded by a second Reginald, styled by the Irish O'Hiver, who in the same year was killed by Sitric II. In 1038, Cumana, King of the Danes of Waterford, was killed by the people of Upper Ossory, or, as is otherwise stated, by the treachery of his own subjects ; and in the same year the city was burnt by Dermot Mac-mel Membo, King of Leinster. It was also burnt in 1087, by the people of Dublin. The Danes of the place having, in 1096, embraced the Christian religion, and elected Malchus, a Benedictine monk who had been for some time at Winchester, for their bishop ; sent a letter to Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, to request his consecration, which was granted ; and Malchus, on his return, assisted in the erection of a cathedral, which was dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and is now called Christ Church. It appears that, about this time, there was a mint, a silver coin having been found with the inscription " Wadter" on the reverse, and attributed to one of the Danish kings.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 377

40. Reginald's Tower, last perfect tower of Waterford's ancient walls

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1819

    Reginald's Tower, also called Reynold's Tower or the King's Tower, is the only one of the original angular towers of Waterford's ancient city walls still perfect. It was rebuilt in its original style in 1819 and used by the corporation as a police barrack.

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    The ANTIQUITIES are worthy of notice. Of the ancient (Vails of the city, which appear to have inclosed a triangular area of about 15 acres, with a tower at each angle, there are still some interesting remains ; they were extended in the reign of Henry H. by a considerable sweep towards the west, and their circuit was further enlarged in that of Henry VH., when they were repaired. Of the original towers, the only one perfect is Reginald's Tower, in old documents frequently called Reynold's Tower and the King's Tower : it was rebuilt in its original style in 1819, and is now appropriated by the corporation as a barrack for the police establishment. St. Martin's Castle, situated at the western angle of the city walls, has been partly preserved by its connexion with a private dwelling-house, long called "the Castle." On the land side the city had five gates, of which St. John's was for a long time used as a county prison. There were also, in addition to the regular fortifications of the city, several private fortresses, called by the names of their respective proprietors, and supposed to have been not less than '20 in number. In Colbcck Castle, from which a street took its name, was the Chamber of Green Cloth, or Chamber of Waterford, sometimes used by the mayor as a place of confinement for refractory citizens; and a few years since, there 64-

    were several Danish semilunar towers on the walls, one of which is still remaining at the extremity of what are called the ramparts. The palace in which King John resided during his stay at Waterford, occupied the site on which the Widows' Apartments were built in 170*2, when the vaults and foundations of that ancient structure were discovered.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 389

41. Reginald's Tower on Waterford quay, built by Reginald the Dane

    Waterford · city · Waterford

    Among the lofty buildings lining Waterford's splendid quay, the tower erected by Reginald the Dane is a conspicuous object. In the 1830s it was occupied as a police barrack.

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    The CITY of Waterford is beautifully situated on the southern bank of the Suir, about 16 miles from its influx into the sea. It extends principally along the margin of the river, having an elevation very little above highwater mark, except at the western extemity, where it occupies some high and precipitous eminences, and at the eastern extremity, where are some more gentle elevations. On the south, bordering on the stream called John's river, which here falls into the Suir, is a large tract of level marshy land stretching towards Tramore. Near the western extremity of the city, and connecting it with the small suburb of Ferrybank in the county of Kilkenny, is a bridge of wood, 832 feet in length and 40 in breadth, supported on stone abutments and 40 sets of piers of oak. This bridge was undertaken by a company incorporated in 1793, who subscribed £30,000 in shares of £100 each ; and was erected by Mr. Cox, a native of Boston, at an expense so much below the estimated cost that £90 only were paid on each share of £100, which now sells for £170: it was begun April 30th, 1793, and opened January 18th, 1794. The company have a sinking fund for the repair or rebuilding of the bridge if necessary, and the tolls are let for about £4000 per annum. Over John's river, which skirts the city on the east and south-east, are two ancient bridges, called respectively John's bridge and William-street bridge ; and also one of modern erection, called Catherine's bridge, from the ancient abbey of St. Catherine, near which it is situated. Upon the opposite side of the Suir are some lofty hills, from which the city is seen to great advantage, having in front the river, and the splendid quay extending from the bridge to the mouth of John's river, one mile in length, with scarcely any interruption, and forming a remarkably fine promenade. The quay was enlarged in 1705, by throwing down the city walls on this side, with one of the gates, which, with the great ditch, formerly divided it into two portions. The houses lining the quay, though irregular in their style of architecture, form a range of buildings of lofty and imposing appearance, among which the tower erected by Reginald the Dane, and now occupied as a police barrack, is a conspicuous object. In front of the buildings are a broad flagged footway and a macadamised carriage road ; the part along the margin of the river is separated from these, and forms the promenade. At the east end of the city is the Mall, from which a spacious street has been opened, forming the principal western entrance on the Cork road. The streets, with the exception of King-street, in a line parallel with the quay from the west end to the centre of the city, and of the line from its termination to John's bridge, are generally short, narrow, and irregular in their direction: the number of houses, in 1841, was 3150. The English mails have been changed from Dunmore to Waterford, causing a great saving of time ; the first passed up on June 24th, 1837. The city is lighted with gas by a company of 400 shareholders, who expended £14,000 in the construction of works ; but from some defect in the old act of parliament under the provisions of which the public lighting of the city was vested in the corporation, it cannot be lighted more than seven months in the year : the amount of the rates collected for this purpose is about £640 per annum. On the south-western side of the city are barracks for artillery, capable of accommodating 129 officers and

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 381

42. Reginald's Tower sinks enemy ship during Warbeck siege of Waterford

    Reginald's Tower · man-made feature · Waterford · 1497

    During the 1497 siege of Waterford by Perkin Warbeck and the Earl of Desmond, enemy ships arrived at Passage and landed troops at Lombard's weir. Citizens overpowered the landing party and beheaded prisoners in the market-place. The cannon on Reginald's Tower sank one vessel in the river, drowning the crew.

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    In the year 1497, they again testified their fidelity by communicating to the king intelligence of the arrival of Perkin Warbeck, at Cork, on a second expedition against Ireland ; and by formally assuring him of their loyalty and affection. On this occasion, among other honours conferred upon the city, was the motto, Urbs intacta manet Waterford. Pei'kin, being joined by the Earl of Desmond and his numerous followers, immediately marched with an army of 2400 men to attack Waterford, which they assailed on the west ; the siege lasted eleven days, during which time the citizens were victorious in several skirmishes. Eleven of the enemy's ships arrived at Passage during the siege, and two of them landed men at Lombard's weir ; but the troops were quickly overpowered by the citizens, who killed many of them, and carried several into the city as prisoners and beheaded them in the market-place : one of the vessels was sunk in the river by the cannon on Reginald's Tower, and the whole of the crew perished. At length, on the 3rd of August, the enemy, before daybreak, raised the siege, and retired with great loss towards Ballycashin ; Perkin embarked at Passage for England, but was pursued by the citizens with four of their ships to Cork, thence to Kinsale, and lastly to Cornwall. In acknowledgment of these distinguished services, the citizens received two letters from the king, in the first of which, previously to Perkins apprehension, he offers them the sum of 1000 marks to secure his person.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 380

43. Relic of St Ruadan preserved at Lorrha abbey

    Lorrha · townland · Tipperary

    The hand of St. Ruadan was preserved in a silver case at the abbey in Lorrha until the abbey's suppression. This relic was a notable feature of the monastery's religious heritage.

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    LORHA, or Lorragh, a parish, in the union of Parsonstown, barony of Lower Ormond, county of TippERARY, and province of Munster, 8^ miles (W.) from Parsonstown, on the road to Portumna ; containing 4/42 inhabitants, of whom 312 are in the village. This place was anciently distinguished for its religious establishments, the earhest of which was an abbey for Canons Regular, founded by St. Ruadan, who presided here over 150 monks and died in 584. The establishment appears to have flourished without interruption till 844, when, according to Archdall, Turgesius, with his Norwegian forces, destroyed the town ; he was soon after taken prisoner by Maolseachlain, King of Meath, and drowned in Lough Ainin. After its restoration the abbey was destroyed by accidental fires in 1154 and 1 157, and in 1 179 the town was destroyed by fire. The hand of St. Ruadan was preserved in a silver case in this abbey till its suppression. A Dominican friary, also, was founded here in 1269, by Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster; in which, in 16S8, a provincial chapter of the order was held, when 150 friars clothed in their proper habits assisted. The parish comprises 16,521 statute acres : the land in cultivation is of good quality, and the system of agriculture improving ; the scenery is pleasingly diversified, and derives much interest from the venerable ruins of the abbey and friary. The principal seats are, Abbeville ; Portland ; Belle-Isle, of Lord Avonraore ; Harvest Lodge ; Ballymacegan ; Kilcarron ; and Grange. The village, containing 56 houses, is pleasantly situated within three miles of the river Shan-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 109

44. Relief ships break the boom across Lough Foyle

    near Lough Foyle · estuary · Derry · 1689

    Two provision ships convoyed by the Dartmouth frigate advanced up Lough Foyle to relieve the besieged city of Derry. The foremost ship struck and broke the boom across the channel, ran aground, then was extricated by the shock of her guns firing and passed triumphantly.

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    advanced up the lough in view both of the garrison and the besiegers, in a dangerous attempt to relieve the place, returning with spirit the fire of the enemy. The foremost of the provision ships came in contact with the boom that had been thrown across the channel, and broke it ; but, rebounding with violence, ran aground, and for the moment appeared to be at the mercy of the besiegers, who with acclamations of joy instantly prepared to board her : the vessel, however, firing her guns, was extricated by the shock, floated, and triumphantly passed the boom, followed by her companions. The town was thus relieved, and the enemy retired ; but of the brave defenders only 4300 survived to witness their deliverance, and of this number more than 1000 were incapable of service : those who were able immediately sallied out in pursuit of the enemy, who had lost SOOO men by the sword and by various disorders during the siege, which had continued 105 days. Culraore Fort was reduced to ruin, and was never afterwards rebuilt. The city itself sustained so much damage that the Irish Society deemed it necessary to appoint commissioners for its restoration : the twelve chief companies of London advanced £100 each; the society supplied timber for the public buildings, abatements were made in the rents, the terms of leases were augmented, and other measures for the accomplishment of this object were adopted.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 100

45. Religious establishment and school of St. Baithen at Tibohine, 640

    Tibohine · townland · Roscommon · 640

    According to Archdall, a religious establishment existed at Tibohine (Artagh/Taughboyne) of which St. Baithen was bishop in 640, and there was a celebrated school. The parish features Fairy Mount, a high sandstone hill, and Lough-Glynn House, seat of Viscount Dillon.

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    TAUGHBOYNE, or ARTAGH,also called Tibohine, a parish, in the union of Castlerea, barony of Frenchpark, county of Roscommon, and province of Connaught, on the river Gara (also called Lung), on the road from Boyle to Ballaghadireen, and on the great new western road to Ballina ; containing, with the market and post town of Frenchpark and the village of Lough-Glynn (both of which are separately described), 17,804 inhabitants. According to Archdall, a religious establishment existed here, of which St. Baithen was bishop in 640 ; the same writer says that here was a celebrated school. The parish comprises 44,092| statute acres, and consists for the most part of isolated hills 054

    T AUN

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 318

46. Religious house at Lynally founded by St. Colman

    Lynally · parish · Offaly · 516–884

    A religious house was founded at Lynally, said to have been established by St. Colman who died in 516. The last recorded notice of its abbots dates to 884.

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    LYNALLY, or Linally, a parish, in the union of Tvllamore, barony of Ballycowan, King's county, and province of Leinster, ^ of a mile (N. W.) from Tullamore, on the road to Parsonstown ; containing 2069 inhabitants. A religious house was founded here, it is said by St. Colman, who died in 516: the last notice of its abbots is in 884. The parish comprises 5999 statute acres, of which about 840 are woodland, 4S00 arable and pasture, and the remainder bog and waste called " Callow ;" the land is in general poor, and agriculture in a rather backward state. The seats are, Charleville Castle, the beautiful residence of Lord Charleville ; Screggan ; Lynally ; Cluna; and Rosse. It is in the diocese of Meath ; the rectory is impro-

    priate in the Marquess of Downshire, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Fircall. The tithe rentcharge is £75. 5. 9-, of which £48. 9- 3. are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar ; there is a glebe of S'ib^ acres, valued at £445. 4. 7. per annum, but no glebe-house. The church is a plain neat structure, completed in 1832 by aid of a loan of £600 from the late Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Killina ; the chapel, at Mucklow, is a plain building of recent erection. The parochial school is supported by subscriptions, including £10 per annum from Mrs. Coote, and an annual allowance from the incumbent ; the school-house and an acre of ground are given rentfree by Colonel Bernard. At Screggan Hill are the remains of an intrenchment, said to have been one of Cromwell's.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 120

47. Religious house remains in Newtown-Clonbun parish

    Newtownclonbun · townland · Meath

    The parish of Newtown-Clonbun, also called St. Mary's Newtown, is situated on the river Boyne adjacent to Trim. Within its limits are interesting remains of religious houses, described in the article on Trim.

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    NEWTOWN-CLONBUN, or Newtown-Trim, a parish, in the poor-law union of Trim, barony of Upper Navan, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, adjacent to Trim ; containing 298 inhabitants. The parish, which is also called St. Mary's Newtown, is situated on the river Boyne, aud comprises .566 statute acres of laud, chiefly arable, and entirely the property of Sir William Dillon, of LismuUen, Bart. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Trim : the tithes, amounting to a rent-charge of £34. 12., were purchased from the Ashe family by the late Board of First Fruits, as an augmentation to the vicarage of Trim. In the Roman Catholic divisions, also, the parish is included in the district of Trim. Within the limits of the parish are some interesting remains of religious houses, described in the article on Trim. '

    NEWTOWN-CONYNGHAM, a village, in the parish of All Saints, union of Londonderry, barony of Raphoe, county of Donegal, and province of Ulster, 65 miles (W.) from Londonderry, on the road to Letterkenny ; containing 186 inhabitants. It consists of a few scattered houses, situated near Lough Swilly, and has a receiving-house for letters under Londonderry ; a station of the constabulary police ; a fair on the 29th of October ; and a chapel belonging to the Roman Catholic district of Lagan.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

48. Religious houses at Adare

    Adare · townland · Limerick

    Adare contains the remains of several religious houses, specifically those of the Trinitarians, Augustinians, and Franciscans. These are part of about 35 religious foundations originally in the county.

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    The VESTIGES of ANTiauiTY are numerous, and of great variety of character. There were two round towers : that at Ardpatrick fell a few years since ; the other, at Carrigreen, is in good preservation. Of the earlier and ruder kind of pagan relics are, the cromlech on Bailenalycaellach hill, and two others near it ; the fortifications on Knocktow ; a large fort at Friarstown ; a large and very perfect moat at Kilfinane, and another at Pallasgreine ; a tumulus at Bruree ; an earthen fort of great height near Croom ; the stone circles at Grange ; a large dun or intrenched mount, with raths and other circular fortifications, at Kilpeacon ; a circular fort divided into segments near Shanid Castle ; and traces of an ancient city in Cahir Park. The number of the religious houses that were founded here is about 35, exclusively of those in the city and its liberties. There are still remains of those of the Trinitarians, Augustinians, and Franciscans, at Adare ; of Monaster na Geailleach ; of Askeaton Abbey ; and of Kilshane Abbey, in the parish of Ballingarry ; also several extensive ruins of the ancient college at Mungret ; of Galbally friary ; of Kilflin monastery ; of Kilmallock Abbey ; of Monaster-Nenagh Abbey ; and of the fine old abbey in the parish of Rochestown : all of which are particularly described in their respective parishes. The county contains upwards of 50 ruins of churches : it is, however, but right to observe, that in many instances new structures have been built in more eligible situations, and every parish has now a church, or is united to a parish in which there is one. So numerous were the castles rendered necessary by the former unsettled state of the country, that they are sometimes found within half a mile of each other; there are still ruins, more or less extensive, of nearly one hundred, which, with the modern seats of the nobility and gentry, are noticed in their respective places.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 74

49. Religious houses of County Kerry

    Innisfallen · townland · Kerry

    Eighteen religious houses were said to have anciently existed in County Kerry. Remains survived of those at Aghamore or Derrynane, Ardfert, Ballinaskellig, Innisfallen, Irrelagh or Muckross, Killagh, Lislaghtin, O'Dorney, and Rattoo.

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    The VESTIGES of ANTIQUITY Scattered over the county are very numerous, though the most common are merely the traces of the military struggles of which it has been the scene. It had formerly three of the ancient round towers, of which the one that stood near the cathedral oi Ardfert fell in 1771 ; of another, at Aghadue about 20 feet remain ; and the third is still standing nearly entire at Rattoo. Stuigiif fort, in the parish of Kilcrohane, is an extraordinary circular building of the most remote date : there is another stone fort with seats around it, about three miles distant, but in ruins, from the inferior solidity of its workmanship ; and a similar inclosure is to be seen in Iveragh, on the opposite side of the river to Cahirciveen. Perhaps of a remoter age are the Ogham inscriptions near the church of Kilmelchedor, not far from Sraerwick harbour ; where there is another inscription in a running character of various ancient letters. At Ballysteeny is likewise a stone with an Ogham inscription ; and, in the ruined church of Aghadoe, another. Among the most curious of the ancient fortifications is the circular inclosure at Caherdonnel, which is attributed to the Danes ; and on the mountain of Cahirconree, or " the fortress of King Con," is a circle of massive stones, also piled in the manner of a Danish intrenchment. There is a Danish camp, called Caher Truiit, on the shores of Ventry haven ; and another at Rathanaiie, in the same vicinity. Clee Riiadh, or the Red Ditch, is a singular line of defence, commencing at a place called Caher Carbery, near Kerry Head, and carried eastward to the Cashen river, beyond which it re-appears ; proceeding over Knockanure mountain, it enters Limerick county, where all traces of it are lost. It is conjectured to have been a line of demarcation between the principalities of Thomond and Desmond. The most curious of the minor remains of the more remote ages is the bronze instrument, resembling a kettle-drum, found at Muckross, and now deposited in Charlemont House, Dubhn. Eighteen Religious Houses are said to have anciently existed in this county ; and there are remains of those of Aghamore or Derrynanc, Ardfert, Ballinaskellig, Innisfallen, Irrelagh or Muckross, Killagh or de Bello Loco (in the parish of Kilcoleman), Lislaghtin, O'Dorney or Kjnrie Eleison, and Rattoo or Rathtoy. There are also the ruins of the ancient cathedrals of Ardfert and Aghadoe ; a ruined religious building, called Monaster in Oriel, in the parish of Kilgarvan ; chapels or cells, built entirely of stone with arched roofs, on Skellig and Blasquet Islands, from the former of which the abbey of Ballinaskellig was removed to the main land ; a curious church and cell, dedicated to St. Finian, on an island in Lough Currane, in the parish of Dromod ; a stone-roofed cell at Fane, in the parish of Ventry ; one also at Kelmelchedor j one near Gallerus, at the 15

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 11

50. Remains of Acheson bawn and Danish forts in Gosford demesne

    Mullaghbrack · townland · Armagh

    Parts of the walls of the bawn built by H. Acheson were still remaining, and five Danish forts were located in Gosford demesne.

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    The LIVING is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Armagh, constituting the corps of the prebend of Mullaghbrack in the cathedral of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Lord Primate. The tithe rent-charge is .-£503. 8. The glebe-house, a handsome residence beautifully situated, was erected in 1829, by the Rev. S. Blacker, LL.D., the incumbent, at an expense of £4651 ; the glebe, which consists of five townlands, comprises 1146 statute acres, valued at £1416 per annum. The church, a neat edifice near the castle, was rebuilt in 1830, at an expense of £178", of which £1035 were defrayed by the incumbent, £200 by the Earl of Gosford, £100 by the Primate, £32 by subscription, and £400 by parochial assessment. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is partly in the union of Ballymore, and partly in that of Kilcluney : the chapel situated about half a mile, from the church belongs to the Ballymore union ; that for the Kilcluney district is at Clady. There are places of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and Wesleyan Methodists. The Cabra school, with a residence for a master and mistress, was built, and endowed with £30 per annum, by the late A. M'Creight, Esq. ; the incumbent has endowed the parochial school with £20 per annum ; and the Gosford school was built and is supported by Lady Gosford. On the estate of Lord Charlemont is a cairn, called Cairnamnhanaghan, or " the monk's cairn, " for which see Armagh : there is a similar cairn about five miles distant. Parts of the walls of the bawn built by H. Acheson, Esq., are still remaining; and in Gosford demesne are five Danish forts.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 186

51. Remains of ancient abbey of Louth

    Louth · town · Louth · 432–1681

    The remains of the ancient abbey of Louth, founded by St. Patrick or rather of the priory subsequently erected on its site, are extensive but in a very dilapidated state. The cemetery is still a favourite place of interment. Dr. Plunkett, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh, executed in London for high treason, was for some time resident here.

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    At Jrdpatrick, in this parish, a church was founded by St. Patrick, of which no part remains ; and at Knock, a monastery for Canons Regular, dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul, was founded in 1148, as already observed, by Donchad O'Kervaill, Prince of Orgial, and Edan Coellaidhe, Bishop of Clogher, who also founded the priory of Louth. Marian O'Gorman, who was abbot in 116", composed a martyrology in the Irish language, which existed in the time of Colgan and was then in great esteem ; the endowment was augmented by Hugh de Ardiz, in 1'260, but was yet insufficient for the maintenance of the establishment. The abbot surrendered the monastery, with its revenues, in the 31st of Henry VHL ; and James L, in the 3rd of his reign, granted it to Sir John King, Knight, at the yearly rent of £16. 10. 4. : there are no remains. On the summit of a hill is Mount Ash, a curious fort, supposed to be of Danish origin ; it consists of an oval mount, the surface of which is depressed and surrounded with a vallum, and around twothirds of the circumference is a second vallum with a ditch. On the glebe-land is Fain/ Mount, an abrupt conical eminence surrounded by a high earthen vallum. Castle-Ring, near the town, is of similar construction, but more elevated, and has a small stream between the vallum and the counterscarp ; on the summit are the foundations of a hexagonal mural fort. The remains of the ancient abbey of Louth, founded by St. Patrick, or rather of the priory subsequently erected on its site, are extensive, but in a very dilapidated state ; the cemetery is still a favourite place of interment. Dr. Plunkett, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh, who was executed in London for high treason, was for some time resident here.

    LOWESGREAN, or Roesgreen, a village, in the parish of St. Patrick's Rock, union of Cashel, barony of MiDDLETHiRD, county of TippERARY, and province 284

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

52. Remains of ancient abbey on hill of Tulla

    Tulla · town · Clare

    On the hill of Tulla in County Clare stand the remains of an ancient abbey, noted as an antiquity of the parish alongside Druidical altar remains at nearby locations.

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    The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe ; one moiety of the rectory forms part of the union of Ogashin, and the other, with the vicarage, constitutes the corps of the i>rebend of Tulloh in the cathedral of Killaloe. The tithe rent-charge is £28.5, U.6., of which £213. 7. 6. are payable to the prebendary of Tulloh, £69. 5. to the incumbent of Ogashin, and the remainder to the prebendary of Tomgraney. The glebehouse is a good residence near the church, built in 1819 by the then incumbent, by aid of £100 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 3 acres : the church, towards the erection of which the Board granted a loan of £700, in 1817, is a neat edifice with a spire. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; it contains two chapels, one in the town and one at Drimcharley. There is a dispensary. At Kiltanon is a succession of limestone caverns, through which a rivulet takes its course ; these are much visited in summer : many petrified shells are found in the limestone, some of which are nearly perfect and very curious. On the hill of Tulla are the remains of an ancient abbey, and at Newgrove and Milltown remains of Druidical altars.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 356

53. Remains of ancient castles in Templemore parish

    Templemore · town · Tipperary

    The parish of Templemore contains the remains of several ancient castles built at different periods, all of very remote date. No further detail is given about individual castles.

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    tier to the vicar ; the gross tithe of the benefice of the incumbent is £608. 16. 6. Here is an ancient glebe of 14 acres, in dispute; also a glebe of 20 acres, for which the incumbent pays £30 per annum rent, and on which the glebe house was built in 1790 by the then incumbent, Dr. Graves, at a cost of £1'200 and by aid of a gift of £100 from the Board of First Fruits. The church is remarkably handsome, both internally and externally ; it was erected about 60 years since, and has a spire : the interior is highly finished, very commodious, and furnished with a good organ, the gift of the late baronet ; the window over the altar is enriched with a representation of the Crucifixion in stained glass. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £169 for the repairs of the church. The Roman Catholic union or district is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and in each of the parishes is a chapel; that of Teniplemore is a capacious building, on a plot of ground given by Sir J. C. Carden. Here is also a handsome Wesleyan Methodist chapel. A school is under the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity ; it has a good school-house with a square tower, for the erection of which the trustees gave £300, Sir J. C. Carden defraying the remainder of the cost. Dr. Graves left £50, the interest to be applied for the benefit of this school. George Bennett, Esq., vested £200 in the old 3 per cent, annuities, the interest of which is placed at the disposal of the incumbent for the benefit of the poor. There are remains of several ancient castles, built at different periods, but all of very remote date. In a cave in the Devil's-Bit mountain was found, in 1790, a IMS. copy of the Gospels, in Latin, but in the ancient Irish character, apparently written in the thirteenth century; it was inclosed in a case, partly of silver, ornamented with crystal and coloured glass, and is now in the possession of Sir W. Bctham, Knt.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 325

54. Remains of ancient forest at Droughtville

    Droughtville · townland · Offaly

    The whole surface of the county was once an uninterrupted forest, evidenced by a surviving patch of ancient forest located in the demesne of Droughtville.

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    Evident marks exist at the present day, to prove that the whole surface of the county was once an uninterrupted forest : the alder is indigenous, and a small patch of the ancient forest still remains in the demesne of Droughtville. The borders of the county near Tipperary are well wooded, and have a beautiful appearance ; but the principal woods are those of Killeigh, Charleville, and Castle-Bernard : there are likewise very extensive plantations and much ornamental timber around Woodville, Droughtville, Mountpleasant, Leap, Goldengrove, Doone, Moystown, Geashill, Newtown, and Clara. The timber is large and excellent : the ash from this part bears the highest price in Dublin ; oak, birch, and lime also thrive well. Much planting has been effected on the borders of the bogs, and on the islands and derries interspersed through them, some of which are ancient stands of timber. Trees are also found growing within a few feet of the ancient timber, which is now several feet under the surface. The bogs, which cover so large a portion of the land, supply a never-failing quantity of fuel : their elevation renders them easily reclaimable, and the quantities of limestone and gravel found in the escars and derries with which they are interspersed afford great facilities for bringing them into a state of tillage.

    The level portions of the county form part of the great field of floetz limestone. Its structure varies from the perfectly compact to the conjointly compact and foliated, and even granularly foliated. Beds of the last kind are quarried for various purposes near Tullamore ; the stone is of a greyish white, and of a large granular texture. The Slieve-Bloom mountains consist of a nucleus of clay-slate surrounded by sandstone ; the sandstone appears to sweep round the clay-stone nucleus, following the sinuosities and curvatures formed by its surface, with a dip that conforms to the declivity. Quarries are formed all round the mountains : in some the strata are from one to three feet in thickness ; 186

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

55. Remains of ancient forests at Lurganboy and Woodville

    Lurganboy · electoral division · Leitrim

    Vestiges of woodland around Lurganboy and Woodville appeared to be remnants of ancient forests. These were among the few surviving traces of Leitrim's once-extensive forest cover.

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    Leitrim was formerly celebrated for its numerous and extensive forests. So lately as 1605, five are distinctly mentioned as being of very considerable extent, under the names of the forests of Drummat, Clone, Drumdaragh, Cortmore, and Screeney ; all of these have long since disappeared, and this county, like the rest of Connaught, presents a bleak and denuded aspect. Yet vestiges of woods are seen around Lurganboy and Woodville, which have some appearance of the remains of ancient forests ; aud there are old plantations, containing full-grown timber, in various parts, with others of modern growth around some of the mansions of the gentry : there arer also several nurseries. An orchard and a good kitchen-garden are a usual appendage to the farmhouse.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 70

56. Remains of ancient parish church near Ballymena

    near Ballymena · town · Antrim

    Remains of the ancient parish church, once spacious and handsome, were diminishing rapidly as materials were removed for gravestones. The parish had been an appropriation of Muckamore Abbey before the dissolution of religious houses.

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    Before the dissolution of religious houses, this parish was an appropriation of Muckamore Abbey. It is now an impropriate curacy, in the diocese of Connor ; the rectory is impropriate, by purchase from the Earl of Mountcashel, in William Adair, Esq., and the tithe rentcharge is £167. 13., the whole payable to the impropriator. The stipend of the curate is £8'2 per annum, of which £31. 10. are paid by the impropriator, £32. 10. from Primate Boulter's Augmentation fund, and £18 from a tenement in Ballymena. The glebe-house, towards the erection of which the Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £73. 16., in 18'23, is near the church ; the glebe comprises si.\ acres, valued at £16 per annum. The church was built in 171 '2, at the extremity of the parish, for the convenience of the town, and was repaired and enlarged in IS'2'2, for which purpose a loan of £100 was granted by the Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Cathohc divisions the parish is the head of a district, called Ballymena, and comprising also the parish of Ballyclug : there are chapels at Ballymena and Crebilly; also three places of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and one for Wesleyan Methodists. Guy's free school is supported by a bequest of the late John Guy, Esq. ; the schoolhouse was built at an expense of between £400 and £.500, and the master has a house and garden rent-free : there are numerous other schools, the master of one of which, the diocesan school, receives a salary of £1'20 per annum. Some remains exist of the ancient parish church, which appears to have been a spacious and handsome structure ; but they are diminishing rapidly by the removal of the materials, for gravestones. There are several encampments in the parish ; the most conspicuous is on the high grounds above Ballincarvey, near which, in the townland of Bottom, is a fine circular fortress, surrounded by a fosse and vallum. Not far from the glebe-house was a mass of rock, 30 feet in circumference and 8 feet high, called the Standing stone, of which no tradition is extant ; it was blown up in the year 1841. Near the town of Ballymena, on the bank of the Braid water, and situated opposite Ballymena Castle, is a very remarkable moat rising from the brink of the river to a great height, and now covered with a plantation.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 60

57. Remains of Ballycahill and Tullahedy castles

    Ballycahill · townland · Tipperary

    The parish of Kilmore in Tipperary contains the remains of the old castles of Ballycahill and Tullahedy. These ruins are noted as surviving antiquities of the area.

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    KILMORE, a parish, in the union of Nenagh, barony of Uppkr Okmond, county of Tipperaky, and province of Munster, 4 miles (S.) from Nenagh, on the new road toTipperary ; containing 5138 inhabitants. It comprises 13,535 statute acres, including a considerable quantity of mountain and bog ; agriculture is much improved. The mines in this parish are described in the article on Silvermines. Kilboy, the splendid seat of Lord Dunalley, is situated in a well-planted demesne of more than 600 Irish acres, which contains a fine sheet of water and a deer-park and is backed by a range of mountains : the mansion was erected about 60 years since. The other principal seats are Lissen Hall, and the glebe-house, the residence of the Very Rev. Gilbert Holmes, Dean of Ardfert. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, episcopally united, in ISOl, to the rectories and vicarages of Kilnaneave and Lisbunny, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is appropriate to the precentorship of the cathedral of Killaloe, and to the bishop's mensal. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £'24^. 6., of which £15'2. 6. are payable to the lessee of the bishop, £13. 17. to the precentor, and the remainder to the incumbent: the entire tithe of the incumbent's benefice is £681. 18. 6. The glebe-house was built in IS 10, by a gift of £400 and a loan of £400 from the Board of First Fruits, in 181'2 : there is a glebe of 16(1. 2r. 32p. The church, at Silvermines, is a very neat edifice, for the erection of which the Board lent £900, in IS09. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district called Silvermines, comprising also the parish of Ballynaclough, and containing a chapel at Silvermines and another in Ballynaclough. A poor's fund was till lately supported by Lord and Lady Dunalley and the incumbent. There are some remains of the old castles of Ballycahill and Tullahedy ; also of the ancient castle of Dunalley, which gives the title of Baron to the Prittie family. This castle was besieged by the disbanded soldiery of James II., who, after investing it for twenty-one days, effected an entrance by treachery : an interesting account of this siege, written by Mr. Prittie, the then proprietor, who leaped off the castle unhurt, is preserved among the family papers. Here are also the ruins of the old church, with a burialground attached, which is the place of sepulture of the Prittie family. An abbey, of which there are no vestiges, is said to have been founded at Kilmore in 540.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 48

58. Remains of Ballycastle's namesake castle

    near Ballycastle · town · Antrim

    In the townland of Ballycastle are the remains of the edifice which gave the place its name. Only an uninteresting gable now survives of the original castle.

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    On the summit of Knocklaide is a tumulus called Cairn-an-Truagh, said traditionally to be the burialplace of three Danish princesses. There are several raths in the parish, some terminating in a pointed apex, and others flat on the top like a truncated cone ; of the latter sort, one, within a quarter of a mile of the town, is called Dun-a-Mallaglit, the " cursed fort." The castle of Doonaiiintiey stands on a bold headland, 300 feet above the level of the sea, commanding the channel and the isle of Rathlin : two miles westward are the noble and romantic ruins of Kinbcme, or Kenbann, Castle, built on a projecting cliff of Umestone rock running out several hundred feet into the sea, under some headlands which rise 280 feet above the ruins. In the townland of Ballycastle are the remains of the edifice which gave name to the place ; an uninteresting gable is all that exists : about two miles hence, on the Glenslush water, are the ruins of a very extraordinary castle, called Gobati'Saur, once the residence of the powerful chieftain O'Cahan. Immediately adjoining the quay of Ballycastle are the interesting ruins of the abbey of Boiuimargy, founded by Mac Donnell, in 1509, and which was perhaps the latest erected in Ireland for Franciscan monks ; the chapel is in tolerable preservation, being the burial-place of the Antrim family. According to Archdall, St. Patrick founded a religious house here, called Rath-Moane, in which he placed St. Ereclasius. Vast quantities of beautiful pebbles are found along the shore, among which are chalcedony, opal, dentrites, and belemnites. On the lands of Drumans, on the side of the great mountain of Knocklaide, is a spring, the waters of which are strongly chalybeate and may be conveyed to distant places without any diminution of their effect.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 243

59. Remains of Byrne castle in Rathdrum town

    Rathdrum · town · Wicklow

    Some remains of the old castle of the Byrnes are still visible in a yard and garden within the town of Rathdrum. These surviving fragments connect the modern town directly to its medieval fortified past.

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    RATHDRUM, a market and post town, a parish, and the head of a union, in the barony of Ballinacor, county of Wicklow, and province of Leinster, 8 miles (S. W.) from Wicklow, and 29 (S. W.) from Dublin; containing, exclusively of Ballinacor, Ballykine, and Knockrath, 2905 inhabitants, of whom 1232 are in the town. This place, which is situated on the mail-road from Dublin to Arklow, derives its name of Rathdrum, "The fort on the Hill," from its position on a lofty and commanding eminence, formerly the fortified residence of the ancient chieftains of the territory in the north-east of the county, then known by the name of Crioc-Cuolan. It was subsequently held by the Byrnes, but in 1595 was wrested from Pheagh Mac Hugh Byrne, the most active and formidable chieftain of these parts in his time, by Sir William Fitzwilliams, lord-deputy, ancestor of the present Earl Fitzwilliam, who is proprietor of large estates in the county. Some remains of the old castle of the Byrnes are still to be seen in a yard and garden in the town.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 247

60. Remains of Carmelite monastery tower at Thurles

    Thurles · town · Tipperary

    In the western part of Thurles are the remains of the Carmelite monastery, consisting of a great part of a strong tower with some mouldering walls.

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    other, which is situated at the western extremity of the town, and is ascribed to the Knights Templars, appears to have been of very small extent ; a little to the north of it was an ancient moat. In this part of the town are also the remains of the monastery, consisting of a great part of a strong tower, with some mouldering walls. Grose, in his Antiquities, states that St. Mary's church, belonging to a Franciscan monastery founded by the O'Meaghers in the 15th century, occupied the site of the present Roman Cathohc chapel : Manus O'Fohily, the last abbot, refused to surrender at the Dissolution, and was taken prisoner to Dublin, where he suffered a long confinement. On the townland of Killinan are the remains of an old church, to which is attached a burial-ground. The greater part of the parish is the property of Viscount Chabot, cousingernian of the late Earl of Llandaff. Thurles gives the inferior title of Viscount to the Marquess of Ormonde.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 332