Name: The ancient and present state of the county and city of Cork. : Containing a natural, civil, ecclesiastical, historical, and topographical description thereof.
Author: Charles Smith (1715?–1762)

Blarney Castle passed to Colthurst family by marriage

near Blarney · townland · Cork

Sir George Conway Colthurst, fifth baronet of Ardrum, married the only daughter of St. John Jefferyes of Blarney Castle, bringing the castle into the Colthurst family. His son, Sir George St. John Colthurst, is the sixth and present baronet of Blarney Castle.

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Colthurst of Ardrum. John Conway Colthurst of Ardrum first bart. 1744; Sir George St. John Colthurst of Blarney Castle, the sixth and present bart. His father. Sir George Conway Colthurst, fifth bart., married the only daughter of St. John Jefferyes of Blarney castle.
Cotter of Rockforest. James Cotter of Rockforest, m.p. in the Irish Parliament, first bart. 1763. His father, James Cotter of Anne^rove, was executed in 1720 for his devotion to the cause of the Pretender. Sir James Cotter, Knt., of Annesgrove, was made "governor of the city of Cork and the Great Island near it" in February, 1690, by James II., and in the old parish church of Cariigtwohill is a monument to his memory. Sir James Laurence Cotter, the third and present bart.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 281

Brigowne ancient bishopric and church ruins

Brigown · townland · Cork

Brigowne, a mile east of Mitchelstown, was according to Colgan an ancient bishopric. The walls of its church still remained, built of large blocks of fine freestone brought from the mountains.

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miles from Cork, situated on a height, in a rich limestone soil. Here is a pretty market-house, built of hewn stone, where is held a large weekly market, and some good houses. At one end of the town is the church, in decent repair, being a chapel of ease to Brigowne, now in ruins, which, if we may believe Colgan, was an ancient bishopric. The walls of this church still remain ; they were built of large blocks of a very fine freestone, brought hither a great way from the mountains. I have observed that most of our ancient churches were built of this stone. Here were the remains of one of the round towers, which stood thirty yards from the south-west angle of the church, and fell, in the memory of several people. A relic was kept here, called Baculus Finachaniy «>., " St Finachan's staff," on which the adjacent country-people used to swear, and to which saint this building is attributed ; his festival is kept here on the 25th of November. In this church is a monument to the memory of Margaret Lady Kingston ; but there is little more of the inscription legible. Brigowne is a mile east of Mitchelstown. Near the latter place was a good chalybeate spa, now stopped up by the falling of the earth into the well. A gentleman having mentioned a water near Mitchelstown, which, he said, had the quality o( purging horses, when I went to the spot I found it to be a fine limestone spring, and that the place abounded with the Cicuta Aquatica^ or Hemlock Water-Dropwort, which, I imagine, gave this purging quality to the water. A mile south of C hirdrin Mitchelstown, on a hill, stands the castle of Cahirdriny, i>., " Fort Prospect," built by the Roches, at present on the estate of Arthur Hyde, esq., whose ancestor. Sir Arthur Hyde, lived in this castle, in which he was often attacked by the Irish. It commands a very extensive prospect, and is also seen from every part of the adjacent

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 180

Carigaline Castle, the 'impregnable' fortress

Carrigaline · town · Cork

Carigaline Castle was built on a limestone rock by the Cogans at the upper end of the haven on the north side of the river Oonbouy. In Queen Elizabeth's time it was called the impregnable castle of Carigaline, but by the time of writing it was entirely demolished.

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this haven, on the north side of the river Oonbouy, built on a limestone rock by the Cogans, but was many years after possessed by the Desmond family. In Queen Elizabeth's time it was called the impregnable castle of Carigaline/'^ but it is now entirely demolished. The parish church is in decent order, and stands a little way to the south, and near it is a handsome house and improvement of Alderman Atkins, of Shannon Park ^^^^' Shannon Park, alias Ballinrea, was formerly the ' seat of Francis, Lord Viscount Shannon, who had here a neat house and fine park, both entirely gone to ruin ; notwithstanding, this seat in its time was justly reckoned one of the most pleasant in Munster. The first Earl of Cork designed to build a town at Carigaline ; and as it lay nearer the harbour's mouth than the city of Cork, and also had the advantage of a deep and navigable channel, he intended it should rival that city in trade. He was induced to pursue this scheme out of a pique to the citizens of Cork, who entered a bye-law in the council books, that no citizen should sell any lands or estate in the city to that nobleman ; but the rebellion of 1641 ruined the design. From Shannon Park a rivulet empties itself into a creek, a little to the south of Monkstown, on the lands of Barnahealy, which works a large bolting-mill, erected by the late Mr. Carre, merchant in Cork, and this water is conveyed to it by an aqueduct, near a quarter of a mile.
Kilowen ^ ^^"^ ^* ^' ^^ Carigaline, is Kilowen, a new house and

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog

Carrignamuck Castle, MacCarthy stronghold in Muskerry

Carrignamuck · townland · Cork

Carrignamuck Castle was erected by Cormac Laidir, fourth lord of Muskerry. It was also one of the wide-spread family houses of Clancarty descended from Dermod More (1310–1367).

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Earl Clancarty (Earl of the clan or sept MacCarthy). The honours of these longdescended Milesian chieftains is now borne by a family at no time connected with this county, and only in a very remote degree in the female line with the line of Saerbrethach, or Justin, " him of noble judgment '^ (A.D. 925). The MacCarlhys, as all ruling Milesian septs, claimed ancestry from Eogan More, son of OlioU Ollum, king of Munsler second century. Keating goes further, and traces them up to Heber,son of Milesius. Carthach, who gave name to the sept, son of Saerbrethach, had two sons, Tadg and Muireadhach, both provincial kings of Munster. Muireadhach also had two sons kings of Munster : Donough, king of South Munster ; and Cormac Muimhnach, king of the two Munsters. Saba, daughter of Tadg, married first Dermod O'Brien, king of Thomond, great-grandson of Brian Boru ; and secondly, her cousin, Cormac Muimhnach. Dermod-Mor-na-Cille-Baine (1098-1185), king of Cork and Desmond at the Norman invasion, was son of Cormac and Saba. From him descended the several branches of the MacCarthys : (0 Cormac Fionn (i 130- 121 5) progenitor of the MacCarthys Mor ; Donal Oge, alias Gud (who flourished about 1 203),* of the MacCarthys Reagh, lords of Carbery, whose principal seat was Kilbrittain castle ; and Dermod More (13 10- 1367) of the lords of Muskerry. Dermod More was ancestor of all the wide-spread families of Clancarty in county Cork : the houses of Clanfaddha, Drishane, C^arrignamuck, Courtbrack, Cloghroe and Carrignavar. Of the 160 castles built in county Cork, says Windele, 26 were erected by the MacCarthys. In I495i ^^ ^^^^ ^^'^ of Muskerry (assumed from being lord of the soil) was summoned to Parliament as Lord Muskerry, in 1578 as Baron Blarney, and in 1660 Donough MacCarthy, for his loyalty to the Stuarts at the Restoration, was created Earl of Clancarty. (2) The castles of Blarney, Kifcrea, Carrignamuck, and Ballymodan, and the abbey of Kilcrea and numerous churches, trace their erection to Cormac Laidcr (the strong), fourth lord of Muskerry. A notice in the Annals of the Four MasUfs of the death of this chieftain illustrates the confusion and conflict arising from the Irish custom of succession :

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 278

Castle of Aghada built by the Carews

Aghada · townland · Cork · 1327–1377

The castle of Aghada was built by the Carew family. Sir Thomas de Carew, son of Maurice, granted annuities from the lands of Aghfadda to William Skiddy of Cork during the reign of Edward III, as recorded in three ancient deeds preserved in Lambeth library.

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canonesses, founded by St. Abban in the sixth century, where he placed St. Conchere as prioress. The rivulet that runs by it is remarkable for its serpentine course, and for its being accounted good for whitening cloth. It discharges itself into Youghal bay. Adjacent is a well, visited by the Irish. Near it is Aghada, the house and plantations of Mr. Richard Supple. In his garden are two trees of an uncommon kind ; the first, a bladder nut, or the nux vessicaria or staphilodendron of Parkinson,being so called ^from a nut enclosed in a husk or skin resembling a bladder. The other, the arbor z;//^of Gerrard, or the thuyce tJieophrast C. B. being fifteen inches in diameter, and about thirty feet high. They give a handful of the leaves boiled in ale as a specific for the gravel. It appears that the castle of Aghada was built by the Carews ; for Sir Thomas de Carew, the son of Maurice granted several annuities out of the lands of Aghfadda to William Skiddy, of Cork, temp. Edward III., as appears from copies of three ancient deeds, preserved in the Lambeth library of England (F. 99, 100). To the W. of this is Garan James, Mr. Barth. Purdon's. Castlemartvr Castlemartyr, formerly Bally martyr, was the seat of a
branch of the Fitz-Geralds, called seneschals of Imokilly.^^s)

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 57

Castle of Ardagh built by the O'Driscols

near Ardagh · street · Cork

A castle at Ardagh, built by the O'Driscols, is located a little to the west of Lough Hyne. At the time of writing it was the estate of Sir John Freke, bart.

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About four miles west of Castlehaven the sea enters a narrow creek, Louch Hvne ^^^ forms a fine salt-water lake, called Lough Hyne. This lake, being surrounded with high hills, has a most romantic appearance ; it is about two miles in circumference, and in the midst of it is a small island, on which stands the ruins of an old castle built by the O'Driscols. This lake abounds with various kinds of sea-fish, as also salmon and white trout Here are excellent lobsters, crabs, escalops, and small deep oysters, which, I was assured, instead of having a milky juice in the summer season, as all others have, their liquor seems bloody. At half-ebb, this water empties itself into the bay of Barloge, in a kind of waterfall, like the river Thames, at London Bridge. Seals also breed in this lake. It is the property of Sir John Freke, bart, who has the opportunity of having excellent sea-fish from it in the most stormy weather. On one side of this lough is a hill, called Knockowne, remarkable for a very fine echo ; and a little to the west is the castle of Ardagh, built by the O'Driscols, now also the estate of Sir John Freke.
Baltimore Three miles more to the west is Baltimore, formerly

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 142

Charles II proclaimed in Youghal with usual solemnity

Youghal · town · Cork · 1660

The Cooke MS. records that King Charles II was proclaimed in Youghal on the 19th of May 1660 with the usual solemnity and joy, following his landing at Dover and restoration to the throne.

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** 1660. Richard Myres (mayor). Lefford Stout, Samuel Blackford, bayliffs." '• Mr. Richard Boyle admitted free at large the 19th day of May." ** General Monk was instrumental in restoring King Charles II. to his kingdom, after " a long exile, without any bloodshed, who landed at Dover the 26th of May, and came " into London the 29th day of the same month, and was crowned king at Westminster " the 28th of April then next following, and was proclaimed here with the usual " solemnity and joy on such occasions on the 19th of May."
"Any person marrying the widow of an alderman, burgess, or freeman, is entitled *' to have his freedom at large."

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 48

Charles Smith, apothecary in Lismore

Lismore · town · Waterford

Croker recorded that Charles Smith, author of the history of Cork, was an apothecary in Lismore, County Waterford, according to Ryland who wrote the History of Waterford.

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" Mr. diaries Smilh (or as he is slyled M.D. under his portrait) was an apothecary " in Lisraore (Ryland, who wrote the History of Waterford, told me Dungan'an). "There is a picture of hira in stained glass in one of the windows of the Dublin " %)u9euin. It is said in the counties of which he is the historian, that his descriptions, " etc., were regulated by the receptions he got at the several houses in the neighbour- " hood. This is when any inaccuracy is urged against him^ authority, Dr. Maginn. Sir " William Betham teJIs me that there is an interleaved copy of Cork, of Kerry, and ■' of Waterford (in folio I. think) in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, with very '■ considerable MS., additions, and corrections by Smilh. i6th July, 183a."
And then follows a foot note by Thomas Hewitt, 8th July, 1854, in which he states, " I have his interleaved copy of Kerry ; it is in 2 vols. 4to." To prove the correctness of Sir William Betham's statement concerning the two remaining works, I wrote to the Rev. T. K. Abbott, the learned librarian of Trinity College, who has informed me that he cannot find the interleaved copies of "Smith's Histories" in the College library. Probably, like the " Kerry," they have passed into private hands.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 8

Cork city charter from Oliver Cromwell

Cork · city · Cork · 1653–1661

Cork city held a charter granted by Oliver Cromwell, which was only valid during his rule. A new charter confirming all civic privileges was granted by Charles II on January 16, witnessed by Lord Chancellor Sir Maurice Eustace and Roger Earl of Orrery.

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whatsoever, not exceeding 40s. The constables, sergeants-at-mace, and all other officers in the city, to be assisting to put the judgment of the said aldermen into execution. No person to practise physic in the city without licence from the mayor, unless he be educated in some university, under the penalty of 40s. a month, during the time he so practises. The mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty, to have power to erect guilds and companies of artificers, to have such power as those in London or Dublin. The mayor, etc., to elect a mayor and constables of the staple, and merchants of the staple, to be a body corporate, with the like power as those in London or Dublin, Youghal or Kinsale. The day of their election to be on the Monday before the feast of All Saints. The said mayor and constables of the staple to make such freemen of the said staple as they shall think proper, to export out of the city all sorts of wool, flocks, hides, pelts, etc, and other staple commodities at their election, to those places following, viz. : — London, Chester, Bristol, Barnstaple, Liverpool, and Milford. The major part of the society to elect and admit merchants of the staple in the said society. And for feeding of sheep and their increase in this kingdom no duties are to be paid to the king by any of that society, but such as are mentioned in the charter — ^viz., I2d. in the pound for every ;£2i value. The mayor and constables to keep weights by the king's beam, who are to have the profits of the same. This city had a charter from Oliver Cromwell, which was only in force during his usurpation.
December 18, 1661, there was a proclamation issued for all corporations to renew their charters, upon which an order of council was made, that Henry Bathurst, esq., and others, be appointed agents for this city, to renew their charter. And a new one confirming all their privileges was granted January 16, 13th Carol. II. The exemplification is under the great seal, and witnessed by Sir Maurice Eustace, knt., lord chancellor of Ireland, and Roger Earl of Orrery, then lord justice.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 223

Cromwellian land grants near Dunmanway to Hoare family

Dunmanway · town · Cork · 1650–1660

Major Edward Hoare, a Cromwellian soldier, obtained considerable grants of lands near Dunmanway. His descendant Joseph Hoare became MP for county Cork and first baronet in 1784.

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HoARE of Annebelle. Major Edward Hoare, a Cromwellian soldier, obtained considerable grants of lands near Dunmanway. Joseph Hoare, his descendant, m.p. for county Cork, first bart. 1784. Sir Joseph Wallis O'Bryen Hoare, the sixth and present bart.
GOOLD of Oldcourt. The Goolds are an ancient city of Cork family. George Goold of Oldcourt advanced 5»5oo guineas to the Government at a very critical time, for which he received the thanks of George III. and the lord lieutenant. His second son, Francis, first bart. 1801. Sir Henry Valentine Goold, the third and present bart.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 281

Dissolved monastery of Ballybeg in Jephson patent

Ballybeg · townland · Cork · 1631

A 1631 privy seal directed a new patent to Sir John Jephson including the lands of the late dissolved monastery of Ballybeg in County Cork, along with rights to erect manors, hold courts, fairs, and markets.

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By a writ of privy seal, dated July loth, the 6th Carol. I., 163 1, directions were given to the lords justices for passing a new patent to Sir John Jephson, and his heirs, of all his lands in Ireland, viz. — the manor and cantred of Mallow, with the rent of 67 beeves,^ and f of a beef, in Carbery. And of all the lands belonging to those late dissolved monasteries and houses, called by the name of White-Abbey, of Athaire, in the county of Limerick, and Monaster ni Gittagh, in the said county, and all other lands possessed by Sir Thomas Norris at the time of his death, and also the lands, etc., of the late dissolved monastery of Ballybeg, in the county of Cork, with power to erect manors, freehold estates, court-leets and court-baron, fairs, markets, and court of piepowder, with the forfeiture of all goods of felons, waifs, strays, outlaws, wrecks of the sea, goods of fugitives, etc.
(4) The above account of Lieutenant Williamson's action at Mallow is taken from Temple and Borlace ; but another relation of it, which I received, is as follows : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 174

Doneraile Cavalry volunteer corps formed and organized

Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1796–1797

A volunteer cavalry corps was formed at Doneraile in late 1796, holding regular meetings to resolve on uniforms, membership by ballot, fines for non-attendance, and regimental regulations. Members included gentlemen from surrounding townlands such as Buttevant, Streamhill, and Ballyviniter.

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** At a meeting of the Doneraile Cavalry, held in Doneraile the 6th November, 1796. Capt. Evans, in the chair : —
"Resolved — That the uniform agreed on the last day of meeting be altered to jackets with blue cuffs and cape, half lapels, the shoulder-strap ornamented with a gold chain ; white short waistcoat either casimere or cloth, white doeskin breeches on duty, with regimental boots to the bend of the knee ; helmets instead of cocked hats, such as may be agreed on. Plated spurs according to the pattern shewn by Lieut. Crone ; blue loose surtouts, with regimental buttons, single-breasted.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 295

Dromagh Castle: O'Kief seat and coal discovery

Dromagh · townland · Cork

Dromagh Castle, about three miles south of Kanturk, was built by the O'Kiefs as their chief seat, walled and flanked with four turrets. Near this place a vein of coal was discovered and considerable quantities raised, yielding lasting fire with little smoke and good culm for forges and lime-burning.

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their chief seat It is well walled, flanked with four turrets, and inhabited by Mr. Philpot. Near this place a vein of coal has been discovered, and considerable quantities have been raised. They are not altogether as bright as the Kilkenny coal, but make a lasting fire, with little or no smoke. They have very good culm, which covers the large coal, useful in forges and burning lime. The lands hereabouts are coarse, and afford little tillage.
^ West of Dromagh is the parish of Cullen, and near the

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 160

Elizabethan grant of Carrigaline to Sir Warham St Leger

Carrigaline · town · Cork · 1595

On 17 June 1595, Queen Elizabeth granted the castle, lands, and hereditaments of Carrigaline to Sir Warham St Leger, pursuant to the Articles for the Plantation of Munster (1586). The grant included multiple plowlands, fishings, and the castle of Carrigrohan, held in fee-farm at an annual rent of £33 6s. 8d.

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" The castle, lands & hereditaments of Carriglynn, als. Beaver, cont. 4 plowlands " and yi ; the fishings of Croshaven & Awneldie; the town & lands of Ballingarry, 7 plds. ; " Ballynrysie, 80 ac. ; Carrigrohan with the castle cont. 40 plds., containing, by estima* " tion of the commissioners for allotting the signories, 600 ac. saving to the crown all "services, &c., belonging to said castle of C." The habendum is — "To hold all the " premises (except the castle & the site thereof which was to be held for 999 years), " to Sir Warham St. Leger and his heirs, in fee-farm, as of the said castle by fealty "only; rent ;^33 6s. 8d., the best beast for an heriot, relief upon the death of Sir '* Warham and his heirs, and to observe the conditions of plantation, liberty to impark " 300 ac. with free-warren."
Gerald Lord Courcy, by his last will and testament dated 6th June, 1599, disinherited his dr. Mary, and gave all his lands unto his next cousin and heir, John FitzEdmond Courcy, and his h. m. legit, pro., and in default of such issue unto Queen Elizabeth and her successors. The will was proved 8th Aug., a°- 1 599.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 133

Fanlobbish church site moved for Dunmanway

Dunmanway · town · Cork

The rectory of Fanlobbish was in repair and served as the parish church of Dunmanway. Its original site was removed by Act of Parliament, making it the parish church of Dunmanway.

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To these vicars-choral now belong the entire rect. of Narde, called anciently Beatae Mariae de Narde,^^) i,e.y the " Ch. of the Blessed Mary of the Spikenard," the site of which church was where the barracks of Cork now stand. The entire rect. of Marmullane, anciently called Beatae Mariae de Marmillane, given to the vicars by the Roches of Carig. This ch. in repair. The via of Corbally, the entire rect. of Killowney, and the rect. of Drynagh : these three churches in ruins. The rect. of Desertserges and the rect. of Fanlobbish : these two in repair. The last is now the parish ch. of Dunmanway, the site of which was removed by Act of Parliament Pat. the bishop. Taxed in the K. B. £16,

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 30

Fermoy bridge of thirteen arches

Fermoy · townland · Cork · 1689

Fermoy had a large stone bridge of thirteen arches over the Blackwater, built in 1689 at a cost of £7,800. Although called Fermoy, the village was situated in the barony of Clangibbon.

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Fermoy Fermoy, a small village, pleasantly seated on the
Blackwater, over which is a large stone bridge of thirteen arches, built ann. 1689, and cost ;£^7,Soo ; although it is called Fermoy, it is in the barony of Clangibbon. Near this place, according to a remark made by Sir Richard Cox, in 1690, "there were some mineral purging " waters discovered, found to be of the same nature as those of Tun-

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 180

Fermoy principality of the O'Kiefs

Fermoy · townland · Cork

The modern baronies of Fermoy, Orrery and Kilmore, and Clangibbon formed the ancient principality of the O'Kiefs, called Fearmuigh. The patron saint of this territory was St. Molac, whose festival was on January 30th.

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The large tract, now known by the names of the modem baronies of Armoy or Fermoy. Orrery and Kilmore, and Clangibbon, was, before the arrival of the English, a principality of the O'Kiefs, called Fearmuigh ; which, say the Irish antiquarians, is a contraction of Fera Muighe Fere, which Flaherty interprets, viros Mogruthii Militis ; and adds, this Mogruth was a Druid, who, for services to his prince, had those territories given him, vid, Ogygia, p. 336, or, according to others, it is a contraction of Fera Muigh fene, signifying "the husbandman's grassy plains," and thus Colgan calls it/33) The princes of this tract did sometimes so enlarge their territory by conquest, that this whole country, in some Irish manuscripts, is called Fermuigh, the patron saint of which was, in ancient times, St. Molac,^3*> whose festival was on the 30th of January. But of
•' yet that no estate passed thereby, but that the lord (who was then Conogher O'Cal- '* laghan), and The O'Callaghan for the time being, by custom time out ol mind, may " remove the said kinsmen to other lands ; and the inquisition further finds, that " O Cailaghan Mac Dermot, Irrelagh O'Callaghan, Tetg Mac Cahir O'Callaghan, Donogho " Mac Thomas O'Callaghan, and others, were seized of several ploughlands according to " the said custom, subject nevertheless to certain seigniories and duties, payable to The '* O'Callaghan ; and that they were removeable by him to other lands at his pleasure." In the reign of King James I. tanistry was condemned as a lewd and barbarous custom. — Vid. Davis's Reports, p 28, &c

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 19

First organ erected in Cork Cathedral

Cork · city · Cork · 1633

During the incumbency of Bishop Richard Boyle, the first organ was erected in Cork Cathedral, as recorded in the Chapter Book in 1633 with an order to pay eighteen pounds towards erecting the musical instrument.

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In 1618 John Boyle, a native of Kent, and elder brother to Richard, first Earl of Cork, and Lord Treasurer of Ireland, was advanced to these Sees by letters-patent of King James I. He died at the episcopal residence at Cork, on the loth of July, 1620, and was buried in the mortuary chapel of his brother in the Collegiate Church of St. Mary, Youghal, and was succeeded in the same year by Richard Boyle, his cousin-german. During the incumbency of this prelate the first organ was erected in Cork Cathedral, as appears firom the following entry in the Chapter Book : — '* 1633. An order to pay eighteen pounds towards erecting a musical instrument, called in English organs, as the custom is to have in cathedral churches." On the 30th of May, 1638, he resigned, and was translated to the Archbishopric of Tuam, and on the 19th of March, 1644, he died at Cork, almost immediately after his return firom Bristol, and was buried in the Cathedral of St. Fin Barre, in a vault wluch he prepared for himself while Bishop of Cork. Dr. Worth, bishop of Killaloe, who preached his raneral sermon, stated " that while this prelate sat in the See of Cork he repaired more ruinous churches, and consecrated more new ones than any other bishop in that age.
In 1638 William Chappel succeeded ; he was a student of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, of which he subsequently became a fellow. He held his fellowship for twenty-seven years ; and coming to Ireland, was advanced to the deanery of Cashel, through the interest of Dr. Laud, then bishop of London. On the promotion of Dr. Robert Ussher from the provostship to the See of Kildare in 1635, the care of the college was entrusted to Dr. Chappel. During his government of the university he appears to have made some enemies, amongst omers, Archbishop Ussher, and Martin, bishop of Meath, and Sir William Parsons, so that he was impeached by the Commons for misbehaviour in his office ; but the real cause was his vigour and activity in enforcing uniformity and strict church discipline in the college in opposition to the schism and fanaticism of the times.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 250

Fitz Hugh Roche founded Bridgetown Abbey

Bridgetown · townland · Cork

Fitz Hugh Roche founded the abbey of Bridgetown on the Blackwater during the reign of King John. Adam de Rupe had married the heiress of Fleming, the first Norman to gain possession of the territory on the Blackwater between Mallow and Fermoy, later known as Roche's Country.

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Viscount Fermoy. Temp, King John, a royal grant was made to Adam de Rupe (Roche) of ** the cantred of Rosseliher [Rosscarbery], with its appurtenances, save the demesnes of the bishops of that see, by the service of five knights." This Adam married the daughter and heiress of Fleming, the first Norman who gained possession of the territory on the Blackwater, between Mallow and Fermoy, afterwards known as ** Roche's country." Fitz Hugh Roche, according to Archdall, founded the abbey of Bridgetown, on the Blackwater, in the reign of King John. Lord Roche was fined 200 marks for refusing to attend a parliament convened 20th Edward II. Under date of 1583, the Antta/s of the Four Masters record the death of David Lord Roche, his wife Lady Ellen, and Eveleen Roche, Countess of Thomond and sister of David Roche ; adding, that " there did not exist of all the old English in Ireland a couple possessing a barony of more renown." Three of his sons and many of his followers lost their lives in the service of Elizabeth. From the third son of this David the present Barons Fermoy descend. The Roches were amongst the most loyal of the Anglo-Norman barons in Ireland, and their attachment to the Stuarts cost them their estates. Lady Roche, in 1649, defended Castle-

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 279

Flesh Shambles built in Cork city

Cork · city · Cork · 1693

In 1693, the Flesh Shambles were built by the corporation in the centre of Cork city. The corporation receives rent for these and other shambles built by them, and the market is well supplied.

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Markets. edifice, erected on pillars of the Tuscan order, of hewn stone, in a place convenient for the carriage of corn, meal, etc., by water ; but in so narrow a situation that it is almost hid. Nothing adds more to the beauty of a building than the advantage of a convenient place before it ; for which reason, if the opposite houses were levelled, and the ground opened as far easterly as St. Paul's church, it would form a handsome area, round which shops, etc., might be erected, which would afford the city a better revenue than the low houses which stand opposite this structure. The upper rooms were intended for a granary. In the year 1693, the Flesh Shambles were built by the corporation, in the centre of the city, at the expense of ;f48i 5s. The corporation receives one year with another about ;£^I40 for the rent of these and other shambles built by them. Here is an excellent flesh market of all kinds of butchers' meat, which is generally very reasonable and cheap in this city. Anno 1733, the corporation erected another shambles for selling of meal and milk, on the south side of the city, which cost ;f 140, for which they have a yearly rent The Fish Shambles are very convenient, being erected on a branch of the river, which runs through arches under the middle of the town, by which means they are kept clean, cool, and sweet. This market is well supplied with fish, chiefly from Kinsale. The weekly markets are held on Wednesdays and Saturdays. There is also a flesh market on the north side of the town ; as also a large market-place for purchasing live cattle, particularly bullocks and cows, great numbers of which are slaughtered here during the winter season. From hence, the revenue of the city, called the gateage, principally arises, which is commonly about ;£^6oo per annum, of late years at id. per head.
The old barrack to the east of Elizabeth's fort, was

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 216

Formation of the Doneraile Rangers

Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1779

On 12 July 1779, gentlemen of Doneraile met at the inn of Thomas Ahern to establish an armed volunteer society called the Doneraile Rangers, comprising a troop of horse and a company of foot. The resolutions outlined their uniform, the election of officers, fines for non-attendance, and the celebration of King William III's birthday as their anniversary.

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" At a meeting of the gentlemen of Doneraile and its neighbourhood, held this 12th day of July, 1779, at the house of Thomas Ahern, of Doneraile, innholder, for the purpose of instituting an armed society, the following resolutions were entered into ; the Right HonWe Lord Doneraile, in the chair : —
" Resolved — That the said gentn do form themselves into a society to consist of one troop of horse and a company of foot, which are to be called the ' Doneraile Rangers.'

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 187

Franciscan abbey founded at Bantry in 1460

Bantry · town · Cork · 1460

A Franciscan abbey was founded near Bantry in 1460 by Dermot O'Sullivan. At the time of writing, the abbey was entirely demolished.

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The town of Bantry is seated at the bottom of this ""^' extensive bay, on the east side. It was formerly called Ballygobbin, as also the Old Town, to distinguish it from another settlement, more to the north, called the New Town, where Ireton had a fortification erected, with four regular bastions, which caused the inhabitants to build near it ; but, when this fort went to decay, they returned, by degrees, to the Old Town, called Bantry, from its being the chief settlement of this half barony. A few years ago, when the pilchards ''• frequented this bay, it was a very thriving town, but, for want of employment, is again fallen into decay. Near it stood a Franciscan abbey, founded anno 1460 by Dermot O'Sullivan, now entirely demolished. In many creeks round this bay are several fish palaces, as they are called, built for saving, preserving, and salting of pilchards, of which commodity several thousand pounds worth have been sent from hence to Spain, Portugal, and Italy ; but of late years there has not a single pilchard appeared on the coast
(0 III this barony are the parighea of Kilmacomoge, Kilcaskin, Killaghaninagh, Kilkaterin, Kilmanagli, and Durrus. It contains 195 ploughlands and 84, 132 acres, of which 15,91 1 are very justly esteemed unprofitable.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 155

Friars' Walk in Cork city

Friars' Walk · street · Dublin

Friars' Walk is an agreeable retreat on the south side of Cork, planted with trees and situated on a rising ground. It was formerly a part of the Red Abbey.

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The public walks of this city, in comparison of the number of inhabitants, are few, and not over commodious ; that mostly frequented is called " The Mall," which has little to recommend it except its being planted with trees, and the benefit of the adjacent canal at high water, but is equally offensive when the tide is out in summer. This Mall is ill-paved, yet, on public days is well filled with the beau monde of the city, and, during the assizes, with considerable numbers from the country. On Hamand's Marsh is a large, pleasant bowling-green planted on its margin with trees kept regularly cut, whose shade makes it an agreeable walk. It is also washed by a branch of the Lee, and on it a band of music has been supported by subscription for the entertainment of the gentlemen and ladies who frequent it ; adjacent to it is the Assembly House, where assemblies are held two days in the week, as also a weekly concert, which is maintained by a subscription, for the support of the Infirmary. Here is an organ, the other performers play on violins, German flutes, etc., with vocal music, and are sometimes assisted by gentlemen who play to encourage this charity. Mardyke is a pleasant walk, being a bank walled on both sides and filled up, extending westerly from the city near an English mile, and washed on each hand by the channel of the river. This bank is carried through a marshy island, and was done at the private expense of Mr. Edward Webber, anno 17 19, who also built a house on the west end, where are good gardens planted with fruit for the accommodation and entertainment of those who frequent this walk. Friars* Walk, on the south side of the town, is an agreeable retreat, being planted with trees, and situated on a rising ground commanding a pleasant prospect This is no bad walk, but it lies too much out of the way. It was formerly a part of the Red Abbey, before mentioned.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 216

Gallant defence of Monasterevin

Monasterevin · town · Kildare · 1798

On 24 May 1798, Monasterevin was gallantly defended by the Monasterevin Yeomanry, comprising one company of infantry under Lieutenant Bagot and a troop of cavalry under Captain Haystead.

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24th May. Gallant defence of Monastereven by the Monastereven Yeomanry (one company of infantry under Lieutenant Bagot, and a troop of cavalry under Captain Haystead).
24th May. Lieutenant-General Dundas's attack on rebels at Old Kilcullen, county Kildare, repulsed. The rebels endeavoured to cut off his retreat, but the General cut his way through. A number of the enemy were killed.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 284

George Touchet wounded at Kinsale

Kinsale · town · Cork · 1602

George Touchet, Lord Audlev, who later became Earl of Castlehaven, was wounded in Kinsale during military actions in 1602. He was subsequently created Earl of Castlehaven by James I in 1616.

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Earl of Castlehaven. George Touchet, Lord Audlev, who had been governor of Utrecht, and was wounded in Kinsale in 1602, was created Earl otCastlehaven in 1616 by James I. This title was held through five generations, and became extinct in 1777. James Touchet, Earl Castlehaven, Baron Orier, etc., was general of the Irish Catholic Confederate Army 1642 to
1651.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 277

Glancree Yeomanry making military roads in Wicklow

near Glencree · valley · Wicklow · 1804

The Glancree Yeomanry Pioneers, commanded by Captain Alexander Taylor, were employed since their embodiment in making new military roads through the Wicklow mountains. On full parade in April 1804, they voluntarily offered to extend their services to any part of the kingdom.

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1804. On nth April the Glancree Yeomanry Pioneers, commanded by Captain Alexander Taylor, who had been employed ever since they were embodied in making new military roads through the Wicklow mountains, did, on full parade, make to Government a voluntary offer of extending their services to any part of the kingdom.
There were several parties of banditti in the county during this year.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 288

Glanworth preaching friars in Lord Roche petition

Glanworth · town · Cork · 1614

In a petition of 1614, David Lord Roche sought restoration of the abbey of Bridgetown and the poor house of preaching friars in Glanworth with their lands, which had once belonged to his family. A letter from the lords of the council directed that these be granted to him in fee-farm.

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A letter from the lords of the council of England, to the Lord Deputy Chichester, directs that as the Lord Roche had petitioned his majesty that the abbey of Bridgetown, and the poor house of preaching friars in Glanworth, with the lands belonging to them, were once in this family, that the same be restored to the petitioner, David Lord Roche, and that they be granted to him in fee-farm. — Ex, Biblioih, Lambeth xz., foL 10.
(>4) The Earl of Orrery, in a letter to the Duke of Ormond dated June 14, 1667, recommends the Lord Roche to his favour, who was then in great necessity, assuring His Grace that both he and his children stood in much need of it ; and, says he, " It is ** a grief to me to see a nobleman of so ancient a family left without any maintenance ; " and being able to do no more than I have done, I could not deny to do for him what *' I could do, to lament his lamentable state to your grace." — Orrery s Let, vol. ii. p. 166.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 177

Henry Boyle created Baron Castlemartyr

Castlemartyr · townland · Cork · 1756

Henry Boyle, having served as speaker of the Irish House of Commons, chancellor of the exchequer, and lord justice, was elevated to the Irish peerage in 1756 as Baron Castlemartyr, Viscount Boyle, and Earl of Shannon.

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Earl of Shannon. Henry Boyle, second son of Lord Broghill first Earl of Orrery, was father of the first Earl of Shannon. His son, Henry, having filled the position of speaker to the Irish House of Commons, chancellor of the exchequer, lord justice, etc., was elevated to the peerage of Ireland in 1756 as Baron Castlemartyr, Viscount Boyle, and Earl of Shannon. Richard Henry Boyle, of Castlemartyr, county Cork, the sixth and present earl.
Earl of Mountcashell. Descended from Richard Moore, who came to Ireland temp. James I. His son, Stephen, appointed governor of Tipperary and colonel of its militia by William III., purchased estate at Kilworth, and his great-grandson, Stephen, was elevated to the peeraee of Ireland as Baron Kilworth of Moorepark, county Cork, in 1764, and Viscount Mountcasnell of the city of Cashell, in 1766. In 1781 the family was further advanced to the title of Earl of Mountcashell. Charles William More- Smyth, the fifth and present earl.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 279

Inishannon's walled past and castle foundations

Innishannon · town · Cork

Inishannon, on a navigable river six miles from Kinsale, was formerly a walled town of some note. Foundations of several castles and large buildings had been discovered there, indicating its former importance before it fell into decay.

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six miles from Kinsale. The river is navigable to Collier's Quay, half a mile below the place. On the west side of the town is a fair stone bridge. It was formerly walled and a place of some note, as appears by the foundations of several castles and large buildings discovered in it ; but, notwithstanding its excellent situation on a navigable river and very fruitful country, it continued to be a poor decayed village until within these three years that it began to be rebuilt by Thomas Adderly, esq., who has erected a range of decent slate houses for linen manufacturers, with a bleach-yard and other conveniencies ; and so well has the design flourished, by the indulgence and encouragement of that worthy gentleman, that, although this business is but in its infancy, there were manufactured and bleached at Inishannon, from the ist of February, 1748, to the 1st of November, 1749, 422 pieces of sundry kinds of linen, sheetings, diapers, etc., containing 13,886 yards, besides 240 pieces that came to be bleached from the neighbourhood, the water being found to be most excellent for that purpose ; and from the isth of August, 1749, to the 23rd of December, 1749, there were 318 pieces more manufactured here, containing 12,229 yards, besides 59 pieces then in the looms, of which there are erected, for linen and sheeting, 59 ; also, two broad diaper looms and one narrow, besides four for weaving canvas, being 66 in all, belonging to the factory, and kept employed by Mr. Adderly. He caused all the cloth that was made in this town to be carefully viewed by several gentlemen and dealers in linen ; who have certified that for goodness, breadth, strength, and colour, the linen made here equals any other manufactured in Ireland.
Charter-School What will also much contribute to the establishment

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 115

James I charter establishes Cork as distinct county

Cork · city · Cork · 1609

King James I's charter for Cork in 1609 established the city as a distinct county for 3,000 paces round, excluding the King's Old Castle and the county gaol. Commissioners were appointed to measure these new boundaries.

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King James I. granted a new charter to this city, bearing date March the 7th, in the sixth year of his reign ; this charter changes the mayor and bailiffs to mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty of the city of Cork, to be a corporation, to sue and to be sued in all his majesty's courts, to have one common seal, to be changed at pleasure ; Dominick Roche to be the first and modern mayor ; David Gallway and William Hoar, the first sheriffs. The mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty to make bye-laws, and punish the breakers of them by fine and imprisonment ; to appoint an escheator, coroner, and other officers, and remove them at pleasure ; all lands (except the castle of Cork, called the •' King's Old Castle,* and the street oi the same, with the county gaol) for the space of 3,000 paces round the city, to be a distinct county of itself, to be measured according to the statute by commissioners appointed for that purpose, viz.: — Sir Dominick Sarsfield, knt. ; Sir Parr Lane, knt. ; Sir Edward Fitzgerald, knt., etc. ; a copy of which admeasurement was to be returned by them into the high court of chancery, and another to the mayor, under their respective hands and seals. The mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty are to build at their own charge, within the precinct of the said castle, a session-house for
396

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 221

Land grant for St. Mary Shandon church on Mallow Street

near Shandon · locality · Cork · 1693

Lord Viscount Sidney granted land on the east side of Mallow Street, formerly the estate of Ignatius Goold forfeited to the Crown after the rebellion, to Walter Neal for a Protestant church. St. Mary Shandon church was built on this ground in 1693.

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In consequence of the above grant the present church of St. Mary Shandon was built on the ground so granted in 1693. This church, from its close proximity to St. Anne Shandon, was taken down in the year 1879, and a new and handsome church was built at Sunday's Well for the greater convenience of the parishioners, whose homes are situated in this picturesque suburb of the city.
The parishes of St. Paul and St. Anne Shandon originally formed parts of St. Mary Shandon, from which they were separated by consent of the patrons, and by Act of the Lord Lieutenant and Privy Council, and erected into distinct parishes, the former in 1728, the latter in 1737.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 231

Large human bones dug up at Castlemartyr

Castlemartyr · townland · Cork

Towards the east end of Castlemartyr, large human bones were recently found buried under a large flagstone in a small heap in a corn field. The author could not provide further detail as he had not seen them personally.

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Towards the east end of the town some large human bones were lately dug up, being buried under a large flagstone, in a small heap, in a corn field ; but, not having seen them, I can say nothing particular about them.
About a mile south-east of Castlemartyr, a river called the Dowr ^**^ breaks out from a limestone rock, after taking a subterraneous course near half a mile, having its rise near Mogeely. Where it breaks out it forms a small lake, in some places three hundred yards over in winter time, and about an English mile in circumference. At this season of the year it is a receptacle for many kinds of wild-fowl ; and was in the great frost of 1739 much frequented by wild geese and swans, which are very rare in this part of the kingdom. The halcyon, or kingfisher, is an inhabitant of this lake. The Spaniards boast much of the subterranean passage of

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 58

Linen manufacture flourishing at Dunmanway

Dunmanway · town · Cork

The linen manufacture was beginning to flourish in County Cork, with Dunmanway noted as a place where the industry was in a very thriving way. This represented recent economic development in the area.

Read the passage

It is a general saying that there is more good land and Quality. more bad in this county than in any other in Ireland. Of the latter there are very great tracts, not only hilly, but, in some places, mountainous and barren, which, nevertheless, are abundantly supplied with provisions by the neighbourhood of the sea and the industry of the inhabitants ; for this country abounds in fish and flesh ; fowl, wild and tame ; corn and cattle ; butter, wool, hides, tallow, frieze, leather, woollen and linen yam ; and, of late, the linen manufacture begins to flourish in some places, particularly at Dunmanway, Inishonane, etc., where it is in a very thriving way. It has been also planted at Anagh, Timolqague, and other places, where, for want. of proper management, it again lost footing.
Thus this county is plentifully stored with all kinds of game for hawking, fishing, and fowling, nor is it defective in honey or fruit, great quantities of excellent cider being made in it of late years. The firing is generally turf, cut in bogs, five or six feet deep ; but the seaport towns, for the most part, use coal from England, although considerable quantities of this substance have been discovered in many parts of the country.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 46

Liscarroll Castle strengthened during 1641 rising

Liscarroll · town · Cork · 1641

Extracts from the Perceval MSS detail the strengthening of Liscarroll Castle with a half-moon fortification before the gate in November 1641, ordered by Thomas Raymond. Sir William St. Leger also ordered guards placed in surrounding towns including Welchestown, Templeconnell, Ballinegrah, and Liscarroll.

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" 10 Nov., 1641. Tho. Raymond to Sir P. Perceval his strengthening Liscarroll " with a half moon before the gale.
" 1 1 Nov. Sir Win. St. Leger lo Serg'- Reymond, sending him arms and ordering " him to put a guard in Welchestown, Templeconnell, Ballinegrah, and Liscarroll

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 170

Lord Orrery requests army quartering and wall repairs at Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1663

In June 1663, Lord Orrery wrote to the mayor of Youghal requesting that the army be quartered in the town and that holes in the walls be stopped up. Both requests were complied with.

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"June 24th. The Right Honorable the Lord Orrery, by letter to the mayor, desires " that the army may be quartered in the town, which was comply'd with, and that the " holes in the walls may be stopped up, which was accordingly done;" and thus ends his lordship's letter — *' These two things are recommended to your special and speedy *' care by your afiectionate friend, Orrery."
" 1664. Richard Gillett (mayor). Edwd. Perry, John Pyne, bayliffs. " This mayor and bayliffs neglected their duties in not minding the weights and " measures, and not setting the assize of bread according to the several acts of the "time. This year a cage was made for boys and a pillory erected. No foreigner to " be made free at large only during his residence here. A lease made to Owen " Silver, Esq., of the office of town clerk during his life. This ^ar the king's declaration " of war against the United Provinces was proclaimed with the usual solemnitie." " 1665. Thos. Baker (mayor), Wm. Sargent, Robert Summer, bailiffs." " The king's proclamation for peace with France, Denmark, and Holland, the 20th " Septr. was here published in the usual place."

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 48

Lord Tracton monument moved between St. Nicholas' and cathedral

Cork · city · Cork · 1782–1836

A sculptural monument to James Dennis, Baron Tracton, erected in St. Nicholas' Church after a fee for cathedral placement was refused. It was later moved to the cathedral and then back to St. Nicholas' when the old cathedral was taken down. Lord Tracton was buried in Colonel Pigott's vault alongside Bishop Jemmet Browne.

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" This is the case, and removed back again to St. Nicholas', when the late cathedral "was taken down. Lord Tracton was buried in Colonel Pigott's vault, alongside of "the remains of Bishop Jemmet Browne. I saw the leaden coffins of both removed, '* and placed beneath the chancel of the present cathedral."
" In 1726 St. Nicholas' Church was struck by lightning." — R. C.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 233

Lough Allua lake with char and Alpine trout

near Lough Allua · lake or lakes · Cork

A mile west of Inchigeelagh, the river Lee opens into Lough Allua, three miles long and half a mile broad, deep and not fordable end to end. It abounds with salmon trout, river trout, eels, and the char or Alpine trout. The south side is lined with lofty rocks covered in yew and birch; the north side has a fine green plain.

Read the passage

mile broad, stretching out into several bays ; it is deep and not fordable from end tq end. Salmon trouts, almost as large as salmon, small river trout of various kinds, and eels abound in it ; also the The Char chart's) or Alpine trout The river here is of a still slow • motion, till emptying itself at I nshigeelagh, it is contracted and runs with a rapid and violent course. On the south side of this lake are a range of lofty rocks, in some places covered with yew and birch, and, on the north side, is a fine green plain extending the length of the lake.
The upper end is replenished with several mountain rills. The chief is a rapid little brook, descending from another lake, called Gougane Barra. Before one arrives at this last, both man and horse must perform penance for two miles over the rudest highway that was ever passed. A well-spirited beast trembles at every step. Some parts of the road lie shelving from one side to the other, which often trips up a horse ; other places are pointed rocks, standing like so many sugar-loaves, from one to three feet high, between which a horse must take time to place and fix his feet It was with great difficulty that I passed two miles of this -, causeway in two hours. Gougane Barra signifies the " her-

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 99

Mallow besieged by Irish forces

Mallow · town · Cork · 1645

In May 1645, the Irish were gathering in all places and besieging Mallow, where Lord Inchiquin was with 1600 men. Mallow subsequently surrendered on quarter.

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" 14 May, 1645. ^ great gun at Liscaroll, yet doubts of defending that and other " Castles. The Irish gathering in all places and now besieging Mallow, where the " Lord Inchiquin is with 1600 men. — (Capt. Hodder to Sir P. Perceval)
" 16 May, 1645. Liscaroll and Welchestoun surrendered to £. of Castlehaven " this day.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 171

Mogeely, seat of the Earls of Desmond

Mogeely · townland · Cork

Mogeely, located near the river Bride, was one of the many Fitz-Gerald castles in the tract and was formerly a seat of the Earls of Desmond. It is mentioned as one of the notable castles in this part of Cork.

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(53) Gerald Fitz-Gerald, grandson to the above-mentioned earl, and youngest son to Thomas, the eighth earl (who was beheaded at Drogheda, for his unjust exactions, according to Davis ; or, according to Kussel's history of this house, which J have in manuscript, by the malice of King Edward the IVth's queen, for advising the king not to marry her), built the castle of Mocollop, upon the borders of this county and that of Waterford, and was the founder of the family of Coshbride, a territory in both counties. He was knighted, and married the daughter of Maurice, Lord Roche, Viscount Fermoy, by whom he had James his heir, and Thomas, the father of John, who built the castle of Kilmacow, lately fallen to ruin There were many of the Fitz-Geralds" castles :n this tract, near the river Bride , those in this county are Mogeely, once a seat of the Earls of Desmond, of which hereafter Also Connougb, built by Thomas Fitz- Gerald Roe, eldest son of James, the BfteenMi Earl of Desmond, by a daughter of Maurice, Lord Roche, from whom his father was divorced, upon pretence of being too near of kin. This Thomas did not concern bimse!f ii: the rebeUioo of his relations, but lived peaceably in his castle of Connough, where he died, anno 15^3, and was interred among his ancestors in the Franciscan Aobey at Youghal. He had issue by Ellis, daughter of Richard Poer, Lord of Curraghmore, three sous, James, John, and Gerald,
28 THE ANCIENT AND PRESENT STATE OF

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 22

Molana Abbey on the Blackwater near Youghal

Molana Abbey · ecclesiastical site · Waterford · 500–600

St. Fachnan, founder of the cathedral at Ross, was abbot of the abbey of Molana, situated on an island in the Blackwater near Youghal.

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see. The cathedral is supposed to have been founded by St Fachnan, who flourished in the beginning of the sixth century. The writer of the life of St. Mocoemoge, (who founded the church of Kineigh, an ancient bishopric, but united to this diocese before the arrival of the English), calls him a man of wisdom and probity. He was named Fachnan Mongach, or " the hairy," being born with hair ; he was abbot of the abbey of Molana, an island in the Blackwater, near Youghal. The same ancient writer relates the following passage of St. Fachnan, his abbey, and school : —
" St. Fachnan lived in a monastery of his own foundation ; there is a city grown up "in which always continued a large seminary for scholars, which is called Ross- " Alithri."

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 139

Mourne Preceptory lease to Dermot McCormoke Oge, 1545

near Mourne · barony · Down · 1545

Among the fiants of Henry VIII in 1545 is a lease to Dermot McCormoke Oge, late preceptor of Morne (alias Manynymon), of the site of the preceptory of Morne and numerous associated lands and rectories across County Cork. The lease was for twenty-one years at a rent of £3, but was later declared void because it had been granted to the Earl of Desmond.

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Page 155. As to Moume Preceptory. Among the fiants of Henry VIII. (1545) is a lease to Dermot McCormoke Oge, late preceptor of Morne, alias Manynymon, co. Cork, of the site of the preceptory of Morne ; lands Morne, Kilcavan, Tyneheraughe, and Garrynriallaghe ; rectories of Ardesky, Kilcorne, Granaghe, Garryclone, Kylmory, Temple- Taghe, Cloneneth, Kilmoghill, Mocrompne, Ballyburney, Inchegeulaghe, Agherys, Clondrohid, Moviddye, Carrygroughanbeg, Whitechurche, alias Templegen, Kiltanny, Moally, le Nevye, Kilvoyle, Kilnomney, Shangarry in Ymokell, Rostelane in Ymokell, the Graunge, and Cionmyne, county Cork. To hold for twenty-one years, at a rent of £^9- 9th July, xxxvii. Mem. — Void because granted to Earl of Desmond.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 105

Nohavel: round tower stump and St Finian festival

Killavullen · town · Cork

Near the church of Nohavel, standing on the Blackwater on the verge of the county, was the stump of a round tower. Both the church and tower were dedicated to St Finian, whose festival was celebrated there on the 13th of December.

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" ^^' church are some ruins, said to have been an ancient nunnery, not mentioned in any record. This and the adjacent parishes are in the diocese of Aghadoe. In this parish are symptoms of the same coal vein, and in it is the ruined castle of Du Aragil, built by the 0*Kiefs. A considerable tract of the county of Kerry, called the East Fractions, is in the centre of this parish. Near the church of Nohavel, which stands on the Blackwater on the verge of this county, is the stump of a round tower, which, with the church, are dedicated to St Finian, whose festival is here celebrated on the 1 3th of December.
Near the Blackwater, at Drumshicane, is a good house

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 160

O'Donovans built Castle of Crom in Limerick

Croom · town · Limerick

The O'Donovan family built the famous castle of Crom in the barony of Coshma, County Limerick, before moving to Cork. The castle later passed to the Kildare family, and its name gave rise to the motto 'Crom-a-Boo'.

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The family of O'Donovan ^'^> was the next mentioned as allowed to be of royal extraction ; their territory, in this county, went formerly by the name of Clancahili, a part of West Carbery, comprehending the large and mountainous parish of Drumalegue, and other tracts, in which parish they had their chief residence, at Castle-Donovan. This family came hither from a barony in the county of Limerick called Coshma, where they built the famous castle of Crom, which afterwards fell to the Kildare family, and from which the motto Crom-a-Boo, still used by that noHe house, was taken. The repre«^entative of this ancient family has his seat at Banlaghan, in West Carbery. Another ancient sept, also said to be of
<»5) Vide a note of the names of all the ploughlands belonging to O'Mahown-fune in Luaghe, a part of West Carbery, in the Lambeth library, L. fol. 105.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 16

Papal indulgence granted to Ballyvourney church, 1601

Ballyvourney · parish · Cork · 1601

Pope Clement VIII granted an indulgence in 1601 to the faithful who visited the parish church of St. Gobnate at Ballyvourney on her feast day, from first vespers to sunset, and prayed there for Christian concord and the extirpation of heresies.

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(26) The following indulgence was granted by Pope Clement VIII. to such as go in devotion to this church : —
" Universus Christi fidelibus prsesentes literas inspecturis salutem & apostolicam " benedictionem, ad augendum fidelium religionem & animarum salutem cselestibus " ecclesiae thesauris pia charitate intenti, omnibus utriusque sexus, Christi fidelibus *' vere penitentibus & confessis ac sacra communione refectis qui ecclesiam parochialem " sanctse Gobonatse loci Ballyvorni Clunensi diosc die festo ejusdem sanctae Gobonatae " a primis vesperis usque ad occasum solis prsedicti festi singulis annis devote visita- "verint, & ibi pro Christianorum principum concordia, haeresum extirpatione, ac " sanctae Matris ecclesiae exaltatione pias ad Deum preces effuderint, decem annos & '* totidem quadragenas de injunctis eis seu aliis quomodo libet debitis paenitentiis in "forma ecclesise consueta relaxamus. Praesentibus ad decimam duntaxat valituris, " volumus autem, quod si alias Christi fidelibus dictam ecclesiam visitantibus aliam " indulgentiam perpetuo, vel ad certum tempus nondum elapsum duraturam conces-' " serimus praesentes nullae sint. Datum Romae, apud sanct. Marcum sub anulo piscatoris ** die 12 Julii, 1601, & pontificat nostr. anno decimo." — From the Lambeth Library^ lib. N. N. numb» ^^,

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 98

Prisage of wines granted to Cork by Henry III

Cork · city · Cork · 1216–1666

The prisage of wines, a duty originally granted to Cork city by King Henry III, was a considerable source of revenue. In 1666 the corporation presented this right to James Duke of Ormond. Records from 1634 show specific quantities of Spanish wine collected from ships arriving at Cork.

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\^nes: poration, but, on the ist of August, 1666, they made a present of it to James Duke of Ormond. This duty was granted to the city by King Henry III., and was very considerable.
(30) In the year 1634, the following sums were received for the prisage of wines, as it is found in the large council-book of this city : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 223

Queen's Castle near Cork market-house

Cork · city · Cork

A strong castle called the Queen's Castle stood near the site of the new market-house in Cork, defending the city wall at Martin Gate towards the north. It was still subsisting in the reign of King James I.

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repaired by King John, but were originally built by the Danes long before the arrival of the English. Cork was originally built in the form of an oblong square ; the length of which was from the North Gate to the South Gate ; and its breadth from the city wall on the West Marsh to that parallel to it, which faced the East Marsh ; this wall had an interruption towards the middle, at the lower end of Castle Street, called Martin Gate, defended to the north by a strong castle, which stood near the site of the new market-house, called the Queen's Castle ; and within the walls, on the ground where the present county courthouse is built, stood another castle, called the King's Castle. The former was subsisting in the reign of King James I., and the latter was taken down in the year 17 18, and houses built on the ground. This castle was* granted by King Henry VIII. <5) to William Coppinger, mayor <^> of Cork, and his successors, who were to have the keeping and overseeing of the same, till it was otherwise disposed of by letters-patent ; but I do not find it ever was, except that, by King Charles I.'s charter, a part of it was reserved for holding the assizes for the county of Cork.
To the south of this castle, at the lower end of Christ Church Lane, stood a strong tower on the city wall, called the Hopewell ; from whence I do not find any other till the south-east angle of the wall, where there was a small tower ; and from thence to the South Gate there was no fortification. Both the North and South Gates were defended by old castles, one at each end of the bridge. From the South Gate to the south-west angle was a tower about midway, and one at that angle. The Water Gate was defended by a small old castle, between which and the north-west angle stood the belfry of St. Peter's church, taken down

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 207

River Bandon scenery from Inishannon to Kinsale

Innishannon · town · Cork

The river Bandon between Inishannon and Kinsale is described as extremely pleasant, with high banks lined by houses, castles, and woods. Each turn of the river reveals neat seats or romantic buildings to the viewer.

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From Inishannon to Kinsale the river Bandon is extremely pleasant, having several houses, castles, and woods on its banks, which are high and beautiful. As one rows down this river, it winds in an agreeable manner, and, at the end of each turn, the sight is pleasingly entertained with the prospect of some neat seat, or romantic building, which open upon the eye, one after another.
Next below Inishannon is Coolemoreen, lately improved by Mr. Hodder, of Cork, who has built a good house, drained the land, and embanked a part of it, formerly overflown by the river. Below this is Golden Bush, a good house of Mr. Hay's, pleasantly seated on the river. A mile lower is the castle of Poulne-long, i,e, "Ship-pool," built by the Roches, as appears from their arms over a chimney-piece. This castle was taken by the Bandonians in 1642, whereby they gained a correspondence to and from Kinsale. It is now a pleasant seat of Edward Herrick, esq., with good gardens and other improvements ; he has also made a very handsome dining-room in this castle, which affords a very beautiful prospect of the river. On the opposite side, but lower down, is Cariganassick, a ruined castle of Mac Carty Reagh, in the barony of Courceys ; and on the same side are several fine slate quarries.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 116

Rostellan clay used in glaze of Youghal delf

Youghal · town · Cork

On good authority, it was reported that the clay used in the glaze of the Youghal delf pottery was brought from Rostellan, linking the two locations through the pottery trade.

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In reference to the clay of this district, we are indebted to Osborn R. Bergin, esq., of Westcourt, Cork, for the following information : — About forty years ago some of the Rostellan clay was sent to Staffordshire to be manufactured there into pottery. One of the plates so made' is in Mr. Bergin's possession, and this he kindly exhibited at the meeting of the Society on March 30th. It is of ordinary dinner-plate size ; it has a border of roses and shamrocks, divided above by the O'Brien crest, and below by the harp. In the centre is a view of " Rostellan Castle, Cork Harbour," looking towards Crosshaven, with a steamer at Aghada pier, and the shipping in the distance. The arms of the Marquis of Thomond are upon the back of the plate. The material is a white body, and the decoration is of a pleasing olive shade. From enquiries made since the publication of our last number, we learn, on good authority, that the clay used in the glaze of the Youghal delf was brought from Rostellan.
Corkbeg, Of this Croker says there is a plan in the State Paper Office of the fort of Corkbeg temp. Eliz. in the Vol. of Plans.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 74

Schull's ancient name and university of Ross link

Skull · town · Cork

Schull was anciently called Sancta Maria de Scholia and belonged to the university of Ross. Its church was in repair, with patronage alternating between the king and the bishop.

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Skull. — Rect and vie. Anciently called Sancta Maria de Scholia, and belonged to the university of Ross. Ch. in repair. Pat the king and the bishop by turns. The vie. taxed in the K. B. j£6 6s. 8d. Proxies 4s.
Taxax (anciently Ty-Sassin, i.e., " the Englishman's house "). — An entire rect Ch. in ruins. Pat the king. Taxed in the K. B. j£^. Proxy 5s. Glebe, 4a. ir.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 33

Seneschal of Imokilly assaults Youghal, 1582

Youghal · town · Cork · 1582

In 1582 the Seneschal of Imokilly assaulted Youghal but was repulsed with the loss of fifty of his men.

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Afterwards, ann. 1582, the Seneschal of Imokilly assaulted Youghal, but was repulsed with the loss of fifty of his men.
The Earl of Cork shut himself up in this town in the rebellion of 1641, in which he suffered very great hardships, and died in it during those troubles.^^'^ The Earl of Castlehaven besieged it about ten weeks, and though the town was far from being strong, and the garrison very weak and ill supplied, yet they had the courage to defend it bravely with considerable loss to the Irish army, who were at last forced to raise the siege, ann. 1645. For the further historical incidents which happened there, I refer the reader to Book III., which contains the civil history of this county.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 56

Settlers' declaration published at Cork, 1659

Cork · city · Cork · 1659

Following the civil wars from 1641 to 1660, officers, soldiers, and adventurers who settled in the country signed a declaration published at Cork on 18 February 1659, marking the partial recovery of the English interest in the region.

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The long continuation of the civil wars in this country, from the year 1641 to the year 1660, very much weakened the English interest in it ; but the loss was, in a great measure, repaired by the officers, soldiers, and adventurers who began to settle in the country, the chief of whom, as I find them signed to a declaration published at Cork, February 18, 1659,
(*«) MS. at Lismore.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 24

Shandangan, seat of Christopher Earbury

Shandangan · townland · Clare

Shandangan, a mile south-west of Spread's seat in Canaboy parish, was a pretty seat of Christopher Earbury, esq., with gardens formed out of a drained bog cut into pleasant ponds, good orchards, and a deer park.

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four miles E. by W. from Macroomp, in the parish of Canaboy, is a pleasant seat of William Spread, esq., where is a handsome house, good gardens, large orchards, fish-ponds, and a great number of trees planted. In the same parish is Shandangan, a mile S.W. of the former, a pretty seat of Christopher Earbury, esq. The gardens lie to the W. of the house, and are formed out of a drained bog, which is now cut into pleasant ponds. Here are good orchards and a deer park.
At Mahallagh, five miles from Macroomp, is a pleasant Mahallagh. ^^^^ ^^ ^^ Nettles, on the south bank of the Lee.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 101

Skulls at Buttevant abbey from battle of Knockninoss

Buttevant · town · Cork

Two huge piles of skulls flank the west entrance of the abbey at Buttevant. According to some accounts, these were brought to the abbey after the battle of Knockninoss, fought five miles away.

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On the north-west side of the abbey stands a ruined tower, said to have been erected by an Earl of Desmond, who retired here ; they call it Cullin. On each hand of the west entrance of the abbey are two huge piles of skulls, which, some say, were brought hither after the battle of Knockninoss, and was fought but five miles from hence. Near this abbey stands a part of another ruin, said to have been a nunnery, dedicated to St. Owen, or, according to others, St. John the Baptist The name Buttevant, according to tradition, takes its rise from a word given in a battle fought near this place by David de Barry, who here overthrew the MacCartys, and cried out, " Boutez en avant," />., " push forward," which is the present motto of the Barrymore family, who take a title of viscount from this place. In this town is a free school founded by Frances Lady Lanesborough, sixth daughter to Richard Earl of Dorset. She was first married to Sir George Lane, knight, who was afterwards created Lord Viscount Lanesborough ; and secondly, to Denny Muschamp, esquire, out of whose estate the school is endowed. The master has ;^20 per annum with a house and garden. This school is kept in a castle built here by the Lombards. To the east of the town P .J stand the ruins of the Lord Barry's castle, boldly and

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 166

Standing stones and stone circles at foot of Mushera

Mushera · townland · Cork

At the southwest foot of the Mushera mountains, near Macroom, there are three flat stones set up edgeways, the middle one being nine feet high and three broad, along with several stone circles and single pillar stones. The author attributes these works to the Danes or ancient Irish.

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In returning to Macroomp, the Mushery mountains and Boggra lie to the east On the S. W. foot of Mushery, there are three flat stones set up edgeways ; the middle one is nine feet high and three broad ; there are also several circles of them, with single pillar stones, standing at a small distance, being works of the Danes or ancient Irish.
Two miles S. W. of Macroomp, there is a stone bridge over the river

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 99

St. Brandon's Church and leper-house endowment

Cork · city · Cork

St. Brandon's Church stood on the north side of the river on the road to Youghal, with a burial-ground still extant at the time of writing. The tithes and lands of the parish were formerly appropriated to the maintenance of a leper-house.

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The church of St. Brandon stood on the north side of the river, on one side of the road leading to Youghal, where there is still a burial-ground. The tithes, and a considerable part of the lands of this parish, were formerly appropriated to the maintenance of a leperhouse.
In this city are a French church, using the liturgy of the church of England ; one Presbyterian, one Anabaptist, and one Quaker Meeting House, with several Mass-houses, the two principal of which are in the north and south suburbs, both erected anno 1729.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 211

St Cera and the nunnery at Kilcrea

Kilcrea · townland · Cork · 500–600

Kilcrea means 'the cell of St Cera', whose festivals are celebrated on 16 October and 5 January. Colgan places an abbey of Austin nuns at Kilcrea founded in the sixth century by St Cera, though records locate it at nearby Grange.

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Colgan places an abbey of Austin nuns at Kilcrea, and says it was founded in the sixth century by St. Cera. But in the records it is said to be at a place called Grany, now Grange, which is a mile E. of the abbey of Kilcrea, in the parish of St. Owen's, called the Ovens. Kilcrea is in Desart parish. Colgan places another abbey of canonesses at Kilcuana, in Muskery, where St. Conere was abbess. This last place is not now known.
174 THE ANCIENT AND PRESENT STATE OF

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 103

St. Colman Mac Lenin, first Bishop of Cloyne (d. 601)

Cloyne · town · Cork · 601–604

St. Colman Mac Lenin, the first Bishop of Cloyne, died around 601, though Sir James Ware places his death three years later in 604. He founded the episcopal see of Cloyne, one of the earliest church foundations in County Cork.

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601-— St. Colman Mac Lenin, first Bishop of Cloyne, died this year. Sir James Ware
places his death three years later, namely in 604. 601 — 821 — There is a void in the list ofbishops* 821 — Cuaiceach, abbot of Cloyne.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 255

St. Paul and St. Anne Shandon parishes established

near Shandon · locality · Cork · 1728–1737

The parishes of St. Paul and St. Anne Shandon originally formed parts of St. Mary Shandon. They were separated by consent of the patrons and by Act of the Lord Lieutenant and Privy Council, St. Paul in 1728 and St. Anne in 1737.

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The parishes of St. Paul and St. Anne Shandon originally formed parts of St. Mary Shandon, from which they were separated by consent of the patrons, and by Act of the Lord Lieutenant and Privy Council, and erected into distinct parishes, the former in 1728, the latter in 1737.
The vaults beneath this church appear to have had the same antiseptic properties as those of St. Michan's, so \yell known in Dublin. In 1798 (I quote from a Cork paper of that date), a writer, " R.M.," visited the vaults, and accompanied by the sexton, removed the boards from one of the coffins, and found the body of the Rev. Alexander McDaniel, who had died some thirty years before. The writer says : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 231

St Peter's Church as burial place of old Cork families

Cork · city · Cork · 1569–1583

St Peter's Church was the burial place of many old Cork families. Wills from the 1560s through 1580s record members of the Walshe, Tyrrie, Myagh, Galwey, Fitz Nicolas, Roche, and Hawker families requesting burial there.

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St Peter's was the burial-place of many of the old familes of Cork. Richard Walshe Fitz John, by his will, dated loth June, 1583 ; David Tyrrie Fitz Edmond, by his will, 13th May, 1570 ; Patrick Myagh, by his will, 1 8th October, 1.569 ; Andrew Galwey, by his will, proved 9th February, 1580; Christopher Galwey, by his will, 21st July, 1582; £dmond Fitz Nicolas, a/s, Frankaghe, by his will, proved 9th March, 1 580, all desire to be buried in St Peter's Church.
Maurice Roche, by his will, proved loth Dec., 1582, desires to be

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 243

Successful defence of Carlow

Carlow · townland · Carlow · 1798

On 25 May 1798, some yeomanry took part in the successful defence of Carlow against rebel forces during the 1798 rebellion.

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25th May. Some yeomanry took part in the successful defence of Carlow.
26th May. A force of 400 men, including three troops of yeomen under Lord Fingal and Captain Preston (Navan Cavalry), with Upper Kells Infantry under Captain MoUoy, attacked 4,000 rebels at Tara Hill, county Meath, and utterly defeated them.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 284

The ancient and present state of the county and city of Cork. : Containing a natural, civil, ecclesiastical, historical, and topographical description thereof.

The stories, best first

Blarney Castle passed to Colthurst family by marriage

Brigowne ancient bishopric and church ruins

Carigaline Castle, the 'impregnable' fortress

Carrignamuck Castle, MacCarthy stronghold in Muskerry

Castle of Aghada built by the Carews

Castle of Ardagh built by the O'Driscols

Charles II proclaimed in Youghal with usual solemnity

Charles Smith, apothecary in Lismore

Cork city charter from Oliver Cromwell

Cromwellian land grants near Dunmanway to Hoare family

Dissolved monastery of Ballybeg in Jephson patent

Doneraile Cavalry volunteer corps formed and organized

Dromagh Castle: O'Kief seat and coal discovery

Elizabethan grant of Carrigaline to Sir Warham St Leger

Fanlobbish church site moved for Dunmanway

Fermoy bridge of thirteen arches

Fermoy principality of the O'Kiefs

First organ erected in Cork Cathedral

Fitz Hugh Roche founded Bridgetown Abbey

Flesh Shambles built in Cork city

Formation of the Doneraile Rangers

Franciscan abbey founded at Bantry in 1460

Friars' Walk in Cork city

Gallant defence of Monasterevin

George Touchet wounded at Kinsale

Glancree Yeomanry making military roads in Wicklow

Glanworth preaching friars in Lord Roche petition

Henry Boyle created Baron Castlemartyr

Inishannon's walled past and castle foundations

James I charter establishes Cork as distinct county

Land grant for St. Mary Shandon church on Mallow Street

Large human bones dug up at Castlemartyr

Linen manufacture flourishing at Dunmanway

Liscarroll Castle strengthened during 1641 rising

Lord Orrery requests army quartering and wall repairs at Youghal

Lord Tracton monument moved between St. Nicholas' and cathedral

Lough Allua lake with char and Alpine trout

Mallow besieged by Irish forces

Mogeely, seat of the Earls of Desmond

Molana Abbey on the Blackwater near Youghal

Mourne Preceptory lease to Dermot McCormoke Oge, 1545

Nohavel: round tower stump and St Finian festival

O'Donovans built Castle of Crom in Limerick

Papal indulgence granted to Ballyvourney church, 1601

Prisage of wines granted to Cork by Henry III

Queen's Castle near Cork market-house

River Bandon scenery from Inishannon to Kinsale

Rostellan clay used in glaze of Youghal delf

Schull's ancient name and university of Ross link

Seneschal of Imokilly assaults Youghal, 1582

Settlers' declaration published at Cork, 1659

Shandangan, seat of Christopher Earbury

Skulls at Buttevant abbey from battle of Knockninoss

Standing stones and stone circles at foot of Mushera

St. Brandon's Church and leper-house endowment

St Cera and the nunnery at Kilcrea

St. Colman Mac Lenin, first Bishop of Cloyne (d. 601)

St. Paul and St. Anne Shandon parishes established

St Peter's Church as burial place of old Cork families

Successful defence of Carlow