Name: The ancient and present state of the county and city of Cork. : Containing a natural, civil, ecclesiastical, historical, and topographical description thereof.
Author: Charles Smith (1715?–1762)

Queen Elizabeth's grant of Gilley Abbey lands to Sir Richard Grenville

Garrycloyne · townland · Cork · 1293–1591

In 1591 Queen Elizabeth granted the site and precincts of the monastery of Antro St. Finéar, otherwise Gilley Abbey, including church, belfry, cemetery, mill, weirs, and lands at Ballygaggin and Kilmoney, to Sir Richard Grenville. The grant describes the abbey's extensive possessions in Kerricurrihy.

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" The site, circuit, and precinct of the monastery of Antro St. Fin6ar, otherwise " Gilley, containing 4 acres, in which are a church, a belfry, several stone walls un- " covered, and a cemetery, three gardens and a close, a mill, two weirs for taking *' salmon called Corringraghine and Corinockowpoge, 40 acres of arable land, 20 acres " of pasture called Ballygaggin, the townland of Kilmoney in the county of Kerycurrihie, '* containing 120 acres arable, 140 acres pasture, and several lands and islands, parcel *• of the possession of Gilley Abbey, co. Cork, to hold by mil. serv. one knight's fee. *• Rent for Gilley, £is 3s. 6d."
The following is an extract from the Pat Rolls of Edward I. : — " 2ist April, 1293. — Brother Thomas de Antro Barre, canon of the church de Antro

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 243

Castlemore castle, Moviddy, and the McCarthy forfeiture of 1641

Castlemore · townland · Cork · 1641

The castle of Castlemore in the parish of Moviddy was forfeited in 1641 by Charles Oge McCarthy, son of Charles or Cormac the Elder and grandson of Sir Cormac MacTeige MacCarthy, 14th lord of Muskery. Smith erroneously recorded the forfeiting proprietor as Phelim Mac Owen Carty.

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In the same chapter (page 170) Smith mentions the castle of Castlemore, in the parish of Moviddy (not to be confounded with another Castlemore mentioned elsewhere, and near Mallow), and adds that the forfeiting proprietor in 1641 was Phelim Mac Owen Carty ; and Windele and others follow Smith in this mistake. But the original documents in the Public Record Office, Dublin, give the forfeiting proprietor's name as " Charles Oge McCarthy." He was son of Charles or Cormac the Elder, who was third son of the famous Sir Cormac MacTeige MacCarthy, the 14th lord of Muskery, who died in 1583, leaving a will of which a partial description is given in the Journal of the C. H. & A. Society, vol. i., pp. 32-33. The history of ** Castlemore by Moviddy," and the connection of these MacCarthys with it, are given at length in the paper of 27th April, 1892, above mentioned. H. W. G.
Page 171. Of Ktlcrea Abbey and Castle^ Croker is silent ; but Caulfield has some interesting notes. He has copied the inscriptions from many of its weather-worn and silent tombstones, and among them that of Arthur O'Leary, around whose memory and on whose grave he has woven the following well-authenticated story. The epitaph upon his tomb is : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 113

Earl of Cork's marble and alabaster family monument in Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork

The Earl of Cork repaired the chapel at Youghal and erected a handsome marble and alabaster family monument featuring his armoured effigy and figures of nine children with birth dates. Latin inscriptions record his lineage, offices, and family burials.

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The south wing was formerly called the Chantry of our Blessed Saviour. It was purchased from the mayor and corporation of Youghal by the Earl of Cork, March 29, 1606. By which deed he was not to molest the ancient burials in this place. He repaired the chapel, and, in his lifetime, erected a handsome monument for his family, according to the taste of those times, in marble and alabaster. On this monument are the effigies of this nobleman, lying at full length on his left side, in
(") Some place the death of this Maurice a year before, and others later. He is said to be a very valiant knight, a pleasant man, and inferior to none in the kingdom, having lived all his life with commendation ; but was suspected to have a hand in the death of the earl marshal, Richard, with Robert de Burgo and others. — Cambdetis Ann.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 53

Patron saint of Kinsale corrected to Saint Eltin

Kinsale · town · Cork

Rev. P. Hurley corrects Smith's claim that the patron saint of Kinsale is 'Multosia,' a holy woman. The church is actually dedicated to Saint Eltin (or Ellin), a priest and disciple of Saint Finbarr, with the name change explained by reverential prefixes.

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" Would it not be well to call attention to Dr. Smith's mistake regarding the patron "saint of Kinsale? It is not ' Multosia,' a holy woman, but to S. Ellin, or Eh een, a priest " and disciple of S. Finbarr that the church is dedicated. The change of the name " Eltin to ' Mutose' or ' Multog' is easily explained by the expression of reverence or " love used towards the saints by the early Irish Christians in the prefix ' mo,' my, "and the affix *oz,' Ac/v — that is, 'my holy Eltin in Maltog'; e.g., 'Mocholtomog' is " another name for Colman — ' my holy Colman.' "
"TireltOQ, in the parish of Kilmichael, is called after this saint 'Eltin's land'. He " probably passed there on his way from Gougaue Barra to tCinsale."

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 129

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Kinsale, there is a correction worth hearing. Dr. Smith called the patron saint of this town 'Multosia,' a holy woman, but the church is actually dedicated to Saint Eltin, or Ellin, a priest and disciple of Saint Finbarr. The name change to 'Mutose' or 'Multog' comes from the reverence early Irish Christians showed their saints. They used the prefix 'mo,' meaning 'my,' and the affix 'og,' meaning 'dear,' so it becomes 'my holy Eltin in Maltog.' The same pattern appears in 'Mocholtomog,' another name for Colman, meaning 'my holy Colman.' There is a place called Tireltin in the parish of Kilmichael, named as 'Eltin's land.' He probably passed through there on his way from Gougane Barra.

Queen's Fort weak Spanish fortification at Kinsale

Kinsale · town · Cork

A small round fort called the Queen's Fort stood to the south of Kinsale, illustrating the weak fortifications the Spaniards had when they took the town. The army under Lord Mountjoy was scarcely more numerous than the Spaniards in the town.

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When the Spaniards took Kinsale, it is hard to conceive how they maintained themselves in the place, which (except a rampart on the side of the hill,) had very little, besides an old wall, to defend it ; there was to the south of the town a small round fort, called the Queen's Fort, which shows what weak fortifications they had in those days ; but the army under Lord Mountjoy were scarce more numerous than the Spaniards in the town.
Four miles south of Kinsale, in the barony of Courceys,<*^> is a pro- Old Head, ^lontory running far into the sea, called the Old Head, on which is a lighthouse for the conveniency of shipping. A mile from its extremity is an ancient castle of the Lords Kinsale, built from one side of the isthmus to the other, which defended all the land towards the head. This place was formerly called Dunkearma, as I have

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 120

As the companion tells it

As you come through Kinsale in Cork, there is a story from when the Spaniards took the town. It is hard to conceive how they maintained themselves in the place. Except a rampart on the side of the hill, it had very little besides an old wall to defend it. To the south of the town stood a small round fort called the Queen's Fort, which shows what weak fortifications they had in those days. But the army under Lord Mountjoy were scarce more numerous than the Spaniards in the town. So neither side held a strong advantage in numbers, and the Spaniards held even less in the way of defences.

1329 battle deaths on Great Island

near Great Island · townland · Cork · 1329

In 1329, James FitzRobert Keating, Philip Hodnett of the Great Island, and Hugh Condón were slain in a battle by the Barrys and Roches in County Cork.

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" 1329. This year, James FitzRobert Keating, the Lord Philip Hodnett of the " Great Island, and Hugh Cond6n were slain in a battle by the Barrys and Roches, in **this county."
*' The island side of the west ferry was always called Passage, now the opposite '' shore is called Passage. Tl^e name Passage is simply a translation of the mediaeval " Latin word Passagium, which signifies, inter alia^ a ferry."

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 89

Alert raised from Castlehaven after Baltimore raid

Castlehaven · townland · Cork

Thomas Bennett, living some distance from Baltimore, learned of the corsair attack from fugitives and posted a letter to Mr. James Salmon of Castlehaven. Salmon dispatched messages to Kinsale for the king's ship and to Mallow to inform the Lord President.

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called The Cove, which numbered about twenty-five. They captured young and old, making prisoners of one hundred persons. Two men they killed, whose names were John Davys and Timothy Corlew. Their commander, Matthew Rice, or Reis, advanced to the town with about one hundred and forty of his ' Turks,' leaving sixty musqueteers in ambush along the road, and taking with him John Hackett, the skipper of one of the little vessels, as a guide. He carried the place by assault, and surprised the English inhabitants, breaking into forty houses, of which they plundered thirty-seven. They would have continued their work of devastation, but a man called William Harris, being wakened by the noise, looked out of his house, and, perceiving that the place was overrun by * Turks,' fired several shots, and, arousing the neighbours, drums were beaten in the upper part of the town, and the Reis and his men fell back on their ambushed forces in reserve, and thence to the vessels, but they did not weigh anchor until about four o'clock in the afternoon. One Thomas Bennett, who lived at some distance from Baltimore, was informed by some fugitives of the disaster, and posted a letter at once to Mr. James Salmon, of Castlehaven. Mr. Salmon sent with all speed to Kinsale a message to Captain Hooks, of the king's ship lying there, praying him to sail at once and rescue the poor people from the corsairs. The same messenger was also directed to ride on to Mallow to inform the Lord President of the circumstance. The King's ship sailed as soon as possible, but before her arrival there the * Turks ' were far at sea. The following is a list of the persons carried off, and it would be interesting to know if any of them ever returned, or what their after-fate in captivity was : —
" William Arnold — wi/e and three children

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 149

Almshouse at Castlemartyr founded by Earl of Orrery

Castlemartyr · townland · Cork · 1663

An almshouse at Castlemartyr was founded by the first Earl of Orrery for six poor men and six poor women, with weekly allowance and annual clothing. Lady Mary Boyle bequeathed £100 towards clothing for the residents.

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In the year 1663, it was incorporated by the interest of the first Earl of Orrery, who erected it into a borough^ with the nomination of the chief magistrate, recorder, town clerk, clerk of the market, and other proper officers, to the earl and his heirs for ever, and with a privilege of sending two members to parliament. It was anciently called Leper's-town, as it is said, from a leper-house belonging to an adjacent place, called Ballyouteragh, which was a village of some note ; and there is a tradition of its having been remarkable for a copper manufactory. Ballyouteragh, literally signifying "a town of braziers" ; yet there is no copper ore near this place, but iron mines almost everywhere round it. The old church is in ruins, 'and the site thereof removed to Castlemartyr, by act of parliament, where a new handsome church was erected on ground given by His Excellency Henry Boyle, esq. The high road from Cork to Youghal lay formerly more to the S. and ran by the castles of Ichtermurragh, Ballytotas, &c., of which road there are still several traces. But it has undergone another alteration from the Right Honourable Henry Boyle, late speaker of the House of Commons, who, at great expense, has laid out a fine level road, and erected a handsome stone bridge to the S. W. of the town. Here is an almshouse, founded by the first Earl of Orrery, for six poor men and as many women, who have a weekly allowance and clothing once a year ; the Lady Mary Boyle, mother to Henry Boyle, esq., bequeathed £100 to be put to interest towards buying them clothes.
His excellency conveyed to the Incorporated Society two SchooT English acres of land for ever, valued at 4s. per acre, for the

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 57

Archbishop Ussher's letter from Drogheda to Lord Courcey

Drogheda · town · Louth · 1626

Archbishop Ussher wrote a letter to Lord Courcey dated at Drogheda on 12 December 1626, giving an account of the Lords Courcey from ancient records, which he furnished to Lord Kingsale during a dispute with Sir Dominick Sarsfield.

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This letter says, that the king had all Barry Oge's estate by forfeiture, worth 1,800/. sterl. ; and desires that those lords and the Irish may be bound over, upon pain of life and goods, not to make war upon each other, by which the country was brought to destruction, and the Irish, who were formerly drove to the mountains of Glanerought, were now returned, and become stronger than the English, of whom, only the Lords Roche, Courcey, and Barry then remained ; and requests that proper persons may be sent over to command the English, and quiet the country. See the letter at large in Campion, p. 94. Sir Richard Cox, vol. I., p. 162, says this letter was wrote in Henry Vlth's time, anno 1449. But I have seen a letter from Archbishop Ussher, to the Lord Courcey, dated at Drogheda, Dec 12, 1626 (of Which I took a copy), wherein the Primate says, this letter was wrote in Henry the IVth's time, and gives an account of the Lords Courcey mentioned in several ancient records, which he furnished Lord Kingsale with, on the occasion of a dispute between that lord and Sir Dominick Sarsfield, who was created Viscount Kingsale, by King Charles I.j but was obliged afterwards to change his title for that of Killmallock.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 21

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Drogheda, there is a letter connected to this town from December 1626. Archbishop Ussher, the Primate, wrote to Lord Courcey, dated here on the 12th of that month. The letter dealt with an older letter about Barry Oge's estate, which the king had by forfeiture, worth 1,800 pounds. That older letter described how the country was brought to destruction by warfare between the lords and the Irish. The Irish, who had formerly been driven to the mountains of Glanerought, had returned and grown stronger than the English, of whom only the Lords Roche, Courcey, and Barry then remained. It requested that proper persons be sent over to command the English and quiet the country. Sir Richard Cox had dated that older letter to Henry the Sixth's time, 1449. But Ussher, in his letter from Drogheda, said it was written in Henry the Fourth's time. He also gave an account of the Lords Courcey from several ancient records, which he furnished to Lord Kingsale during a dispute between that lord and Sir Dominick Sarsfield. Sarsfield was created Viscount Kingsale by King Charles the First, but was obliged afterwards to change his title for that of Killmallock.

Ballincollig Castle as ancient seat of Barrett family

near Ballincollig · town · Cork · 1797–1799

Barrett's Cavalry, a mounted yeomanry troop active from 1797 to 1799, was raised in Ballincollig and its neighbourhood rather than in the barony of Barretts. The corps took its name from Ballincollig Castle, the ancient seat of the Barrett family.

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I HAVE before me Captain Edward Hoare*s orderly book of Barrett's Corps, which has, through the kindness of his descendant H. Hoare, Esq., of Carrigrohane Castle, been entrusted to me. The first entry in this interesting manuscript is dated i6th January, 1797, and the last minute recorded on its pages is the i8th January, 1799 ; thus embracing two eventful years in the history of our country, and placing before us the historical records of a local yeomanry corps from its foundation. It was a mounted .troop, and is designated in the circulars from the General Commanding the Cork District as " Barrett's Cavalry." It is possible that without this manuscript we would have supposed that they were raised in the barony of Barretts, and not in Ballincollig and its neighbourhood ; but as the castle of Ballincollig was the ancient seat of the Barrett family their name was applied to the soldiers, and associated with their troop. I propose to make some extracts from the general orders, rules, regulations and resolutions that governed this corps, and to copy the names and addresses of the men who first joined its ranks, which I hope will prove of interest to the members of our society.
5IO

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 304

Ballyphilip castle and cider orchards

near Ballyphilip · townland · Cork

Ballyphilip, west of Creg, is another of the Roche family's castles. The area features large orchards where a great quantity of cider is made, taking advantage of the region's fertile soil.

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Kilcummer ^ good house, inhabited by Mr. Roberts ; and on the east side of the Awbeg is Kilcummer, a good house and plantation of Henry Cole Bowen, esq., adorned with a pleasant grove of spruce fir on the east ; and near the Blackwater is Rlnny, a ruined castle of the Fitz-Geralds, which was part of Spenser's estate. The opposite Nagle's side of the river is bounded by a part of Nagle's mountains, Mountains, which are here covered with wood ; but was formerly a forest of much greater extent, named Ballyhooly, from a Ballyhooly. castle of the Roches, near those woods, which castle came on their forfeiture to Sir Richard Aldworth. On this side of the river is Ballymac-AUen, a good house and improvement of Mr. Graham. The Cree '^^ place on the Blackwater in this barony is Creg, a castle built by the Roches. Near it is a handsome house and good improvements, now occupied by Mr. Odell. Here is a fine picture of the Holy Family, done by a very masterly hand, after the Italian manner ; and to the west of Creg is Ballyphilip, anothfer of the Roche's castles. Here are large orchards where a great quantity of cider is made, as there is at most places on this river ; there being few soils where apples of various kinds thrive better than in this country.
.... Here to the sight,

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 179

Baltimore fishing population statistics, 1698

Baltimore · town · Cork · 1698

Captain South reported that in 1698 Baltimore and its vicinity had 9 seamen, 188 fishermen, and 84 boatmen, totaling 281 people, of whom only two were Papists. This illustrates the scale and religious composition of the local fishing economy at the end of the seventeenth century.

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Captain South, in the PAil. Transact, informs us that in the year 1698 there were in Baltimore and about it 9 seamen, 188 fishermen, 84 boatmen — in all 281, whereof only two were Papists.
254 THE ANCIENT AND PRESENT STATE OF

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 143

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Baltimore in Cork, consider its fishing fleet at the close of the seventeenth century. Captain South reported that in 1698 Baltimore and its vicinity had 9 seamen, 188 fishermen, and 84 boatmen, 281 people in all. Of that number, he noted, only two were Papists.

Bandon's woollen manufacture and military capacity

Bandon · town · Cork · 1623

Bandon was populous and industrious, with most inhabitants employed in the woollen manufacture, seen as a bulwark of the Protestant interest. The town could raise 1,000 men fit to bear arms, with a considerable number in uniform regimentals at the last array.

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the townsmen suffer one to dwell in it, nor a piper to play in the place, that being the music used formerly by the Irish in their wars. They can raise 1,000 men fit to bear arms in this town ; and on the last array they had a considerable number in uniform regimentals, Trade being red faced with black. This place is very populous and industrious ; most of the inhabitants are employed in the woollen manufacture, which, if properly encouraged, would undoubtedly make it the bulwark of the Protestant interest in this part of the country. The linen manufacture may be said to be here only in its infancy. There are two of the four quarter sessions for the county held here, the two others being at Rathcormuck and Mallow. In the year 1623, the August assizes for the County-at-large were held in it, by the interest of the Earl of Cork. Here is a public school founded by that nobleman, the master has £^0 per annum. Besides the Bandon river,
(««) This was a by-law of the corporation made soon after the town was incorporated, and was contrived by a deeper policy than is generally imagined. It was not the effect of whim or spleen, but was a necessary support for the infant colony ; the members of which foresaw that, as they were all strangers and Protestants, if a Papist took up his quarters amongst them, he only would be encouraged by the neighbours of his own religion (and they were generally of it), and would gradually introduce tradesmen of all sorts of the same, which would overset the scheme of this foundation. — Seasofiable Advice^ p, 15, 6*^.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 122

Barony of Muskerry under Earl of Clancarty, 1681

near Muskerry · street · Cork · 1681

By 1681, almost the entire barony of Muskerry was in the hands of the Earl of Clancarty and occupied by his Popish tenants. This stood in contrast to the rest of the county where the Protestant militia predominated.

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In the year 168 1, they amounted to 500 foot and two gallant troops of horse, and might have been much larger if there had been a demand. Those in the county, at that time, consisted of 1,600 foot, and 26 independent troops of horse, though the whole barony of Muskery (a small part excepted), was in the Earl of Clancarty's hands and occupied by his Popish tenants.
Anno 1691, when Sir Richard Cox was sent by the Lords Justices to govern this county and city, and the militia thereof, notwithstanding many Protestants were dispersed and lost to the country. Sir Richard raised, in three weeks, eight complete regiments of dragoons, and three of foot, which 1 1 regiments contained 6,000 men. This militia defended a frontier of 80 miles against the enemy's forces, made eruptions into their quarters, and brought off a booty worth 30,000/. Besides, when the siege of Limerick was formed, 1,000 of them guarded the important pass of Killaloe, as appears from General Ginkel's letters of thanks to them, where their courage, fidelity, and diligence are applauded.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 25

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Muskerry, almost the whole barony was in the Earl of Clancarty's hands by 1681, occupied by his Popish tenants. A small part excepted. This stood in contrast to the rest of the county, where the Protestant militia predominated. The county militia then consisted of 1,600 foot and 26 independent troops of horse. The city militia amounted to 500 foot and two troops of horse, and might have been larger if there had been a demand. In 1691, Sir Richard Cox was sent by the Lords Justices to govern the county and city and the militia thereof, though many Protestants were dispersed and lost to the country. In three weeks he raised eight complete regiments of dragoons and three of foot, 11 regiments containing 6,000 men. This militia defended a frontier of 80 miles against the enemy's forces, made eruptions into their quarters, and brought off booty worth 30,000 pounds. When the siege of Limerick was formed, 1,000 of them guarded the pass of Killaloe, as appears from General Ginkel's letters of thanks, where their courage, fidelity, and diligence are applauded.

Barrack on castle remains at Doneraile

Doneraile · townland · Cork

A barracks for a horse troop was erected on the remains of the castle at Doneraile. Doneraile was a borough with the privilege of returning two members to parliament.

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On the remains of the castle a barrack is erected for a horse troop. This place, being a borough, has the privilege of returning two members to parliament
Doneraile^9) gave title of viscount to the late Right Hon. Arthur Mohun SL Leger, Lord Viscount Doneraile, and Baron of Kilmeaden in the county of Waterford, his grandfather being so created by letterspatent, 23rd of June, 1703, the second of Queen Anne. In this place is a charity school for ten boys, which is supported by a bequest of the late Lord Doneraile.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 176

Battle of Vinegar Hill, Wexford

near Vinegar Hill · hill or hills · Wexford · 1798

On 21 June 1798, the Royalist Army under General Lake drove the rebels from their position at Vinegar Hill with heavy loss. Some yeomanry were present, including a man of the Dunlavin Yeoman Cavalry who was wounded.

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2 1st June. The celebrated Battle of Vinegar Hill, county Wexford. The Royalist Army was under General Lake, and drove the enemy from their position with heavy loss. Some yeomanry were present. One man of the Dunlavin Yeoman Cavalry was wounded.
22nd June. Unsuccessful defence of Gorey, county Wexford, against the rebels, by the Gorey Cavalry and Infantry. Three yeomanry infantry killed.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 286

Bells of S. Anne Shandon inscriptions

near Shandon · locality · Cork · 1750–1869

The bells of S. Anne Shandon in Cork bear inscriptions dating to 1750, cast by Abel Rudhall at Gloucester. They were re-cast in 1869 by Mears and Stainbank of London, with inscriptions invoking preservation of Church and King and prosperity to the city.

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" God preserve the Church and King. A. R., 1750."
" When you us ring 'we'll* sweetly sing. A. R., 1750."

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 240

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Shandon, in Cork. The bells of Saint Anne here carry old inscriptions. One reads, "God preserve the Church and King." The other says, "When you us ring we'll sweetly sing." Both bear the mark A. R. for Abel Rudhall of Gloucester, and the date 1750. They were re-cast in 1869 by Mears and Stainbank of London.

Blarney Castle built by Cormac Laidir

near Blarney · townland · Cork

Blarney Castle traces its erection to Cormac Laidir (the strong), fourth lord of Muskerry. The title Baron Blarney was first summoned to Parliament in 1578.

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Earl Clancarty (Earl of the clan or sept MacCarthy). The honours of these longdescended Milesian chieftains is now borne by a family at no time connected with this county, and only in a very remote degree in the female line with the line of Saerbrethach, or Justin, " him of noble judgment '^ (A.D. 925). The MacCarlhys, as all ruling Milesian septs, claimed ancestry from Eogan More, son of OlioU Ollum, king of Munsler second century. Keating goes further, and traces them up to Heber,son of Milesius. Carthach, who gave name to the sept, son of Saerbrethach, had two sons, Tadg and Muireadhach, both provincial kings of Munster. Muireadhach also had two sons kings of Munster : Donough, king of South Munster ; and Cormac Muimhnach, king of the two Munsters. Saba, daughter of Tadg, married first Dermod O'Brien, king of Thomond, great-grandson of Brian Boru ; and secondly, her cousin, Cormac Muimhnach. Dermod-Mor-na-Cille-Baine (1098-1185), king of Cork and Desmond at the Norman invasion, was son of Cormac and Saba. From him descended the several branches of the MacCarthys : (0 Cormac Fionn (i 130- 121 5) progenitor of the MacCarthys Mor ; Donal Oge, alias Gud (who flourished about 1 203),* of the MacCarthys Reagh, lords of Carbery, whose principal seat was Kilbrittain castle ; and Dermod More (13 10- 1367) of the lords of Muskerry. Dermod More was ancestor of all the wide-spread families of Clancarty in county Cork : the houses of Clanfaddha, Drishane, C^arrignamuck, Courtbrack, Cloghroe and Carrignavar. Of the 160 castles built in county Cork, says Windele, 26 were erected by the MacCarthys. In I495i ^^ ^^^^ ^^'^ of Muskerry (assumed from being lord of the soil) was summoned to Parliament as Lord Muskerry, in 1578 as Baron Blarney, and in 1660 Donough MacCarthy, for his loyalty to the Stuarts at the Restoration, was created Earl of Clancarty. (2) The castles of Blarney, Kifcrea, Carrignamuck, and Ballymodan, and the abbey of Kilcrea and numerous churches, trace their erection to Cormac Laidcr (the strong), fourth lord of Muskerry. A notice in the Annals of the Four MasUfs of the death of this chieftain illustrates the confusion and conflict arising from the Irish custom of succession :

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 278

Boyle builds and endows Blessington

Blessington · town · Wicklow

Archbishop Boyle built the town of Blessington and endowed it with a parish church and steeple with a peal of six musical bells. His son Morrough Boyle took the title of Viscount Blessington from the town.

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pfiice of Lord High Chancellor. Weighed down with infirmities, he departed this life at Dublin, loth December, 1702, and was buried at midnight, without any funeral pomp, under the altar in St. Patrick's Cathedral, the Chancellor, the Rev. Dr. John Steame, afterwards bishop of Clogher, performing the last office, in the absence of the Dean. This prelate built the town of Blessington, and endowed it with a parish church and steeple, with a pieal of six musical bells. From this town his son and heir, Morrough Boyle, took the title of Viscount Blessington, being created during his father's lifetime, 23rd August, 1675. This title became extinct, his grandson dying without male issue. There is a monument in this church in memory of the archbishop, erected by his son.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 251

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Blessington, the town itself is Archbishop Boyle's doing. He built it, and endowed it with a parish church and steeple, with a peal of six musical bells. From this town his son and heir, Morrough Boyle, took the title of Viscount Blessington, created on the 23rd of August, 1675. The archbishop died in Dublin on the 10th of December, 1702, and was buried at midnight, without any funeral pomp, under the altar in St. Patrick's Cathedral. The Chancellor, the Reverend Doctor John Stearne, afterwards Bishop of Clogher, performed the last office, in the absence of the Dean. There is a monument in the church at Blessington in memory of the archbishop, erected by his son. The Viscount's title became extinct when his grandson died without male issue.

Charter school at Inishannon established by Mr. Adderly

Innishannon · town · Cork

A charter school was recently erected near Inishannon, supported by Mr. Adderly, who donated land and building funds, secured turf and stones for construction, and obtained an annual subscription for its upkeep. The school was reported to be thriving due to these encouragements.

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* of this factory is a charter-school, which has been lately erected, by the encouragement of Mr. Adderly, who has bestowed two acres of land on it for ever, set forty acres more at half value for twentyone years, and promises to renew the lease when required without any consideration. He gave ;^200 towards the building, also liberty to raise stones and slates on his land, with turf for the use of the school ; and obtained an annual subscription of £y:> per annum towards its support ; by all which encouragements this school proceeds in a happy thriving way. The Bandon river not only affords the inhabitants excellent water for bleaching, but it gives them the advantage of carrying great quantities of turf down to Kinsale, which firing they have near Inishannon in great plenty. These boats return laden with sea-sand for manure, which is carried into the barony of Muskeiy and the adjacent country upon horses' backs; the country-people give about i6s, for 120 bags of this sand, which hold about a barrel each. They have lime here from the parish of Moviddy, in Muskery, which place supplies Handon and a great part of Carbery with it, for manure and building, at a very reasonable price. In digging a canal to draw water to the bleach-yard of Inishannon, there was some show of coal from the deep, black, tinged, slaty stones, there dug up. On the bank of this canal there is a good appearance of potters' clay, very easy to come at ; and near the town is an excellent slate quarry. To the west of this place Thomas Croker, esq., has a pretty seat.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 115

Charter-school endowed by Sir Richard Cox in Dunmanway

Dunmanway · town · Cork

Sir Richard Cox provided two acres of land rent-free, plus additional land at half rent for 990 years, to build a charter-school in Dunmanway. He also supplied building materials, labourers, and a £20 annual endowment for a school designed for forty children.

Read the passage

Sir Richard Cox gave two acres of land, rent free, for building a charter-school, and set eighteen more, at half rent, for 990 years, the whole well enclosed. He provided slate and stones for the building, as also labourers, and bestowed ;£^2o per annum to it. This school is designed for forty children.
The country to the north of Dunmanway is prodigiously rocky ; within a mile of the town there is a perfect wall or mound of rocks, running a considerable way. A yew tree grows out of the crevices of these rocks, the body of which is 17 feet in circumference, and grows in a reclining manner.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 138

Clonmel Church and monument to George Rogers

Clonmel · parish · Cork · 1710

The parish church of Clonmel, a mile from Cove, contains a handsome marble monument with gold-lettered inscription to George Rogers of Ashgrove, who died 11 May 1710 aged 61. The church also has a gravestone for Mr. Thomas Stowe of Newark, Nottinghamshire, an officer who died in the harbour returning from an expedition against Port L'Orient in France.

Read the passage

Church. In the church is a handsome monument of marble, with an inscription in gold letters to the memory of George Rogers, esq., of Ashgrove, in this island, who died May i ith, A.D. 1710, in the 6ist year of his age, with the names of several of his children. The arms : argent, a chevron betwixt three stags tripant, sable. Here is a gravestone to the memory of Mr. Thomas Stowe, of Newark, in Nottinghamshire, an officer in General Frampton's regiment, who died in this harbour after returning from the late expedition against Port L'Orient, in France, with
these lines :

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 92

Cloyne: the Pipe Roll of 1364 and Bishop Swafham

Cloyne · town · Cork · 1363–1376

Bishop John Swafham of Cloyne (1363-1376), foreseeing the loss of see records, had evidences copied into a parchment roll called 'Pipa Colmanni.' The roll, 17 feet 8 inches long, survived and was published in Cork in 1859; it is now in the Public Record Office, Dublin.

Read the passage

It was John Swafham, bishop of Cloyne from 1363 to 1376, (when he was transferred to Bangor), foreseeing that the records of the see were likely to perish, had what evidences were then in his possession copied into a parchment roll, called " Pipa Colmanni," which, with the exception of a few lines at the beginning and end, is in excellent preservation. It is 17 feet 8 inches long by 7"^ inches broad, and is written on both sides.
(3) This Edward Corker died xvii. July. 1721. Vide p. 93, where the epitaph upon the Corker tomb in Cloyne cathedral is given.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 70

Coastal beacons from Baltimore to Sheep's Head

Baltimore · town · Cork

Beacons were ordered erected on the promontory over Baltimore, on Cape Clear island, at Mizen Head, and at Sheep's Head Point as part of a coastal warning system against attacks.

Read the passage

'* I have ordered beacons to be set up on the following headlands and eminences : — " One at Dundeedy and at Dunworley to alarm the inhabitants at Ibawne, who, upon " the firing of the beacons, are to assemble under arms at Cloghnakilty ; so that if "either Ross or Timoleague are attempted, they may readily relieve them. Castle- '' haven has not many inhabitants, and the harbour was secured by Mr. Salmon, who " raised a fort and mounted ordnance on it. I have ordered beacons to be erected on " the promontory over Baltimore, on the island of Cape Clear, at Mizen Head, and " one at Sheep's-head Point. Mr. Daniel O'Sullivan has a house of reasonable strength " at Berehaven, and takes upon him to defend it and Ballygobbin ; he promises to erect " five beacons — one upon the Dorseys, and four upon the Great Island. I have directed ** O'Sullivan More (who lives in the river of Kenmare) to take warning from the beacon " erected on the promontory over the Dorseys ; and by one of his own to assemble his " tenants and servants at his strong and defensible castle. But I think this caution '' needless, as the inhabitants on both sides that river are but few, till as far up as " Glanerought, where the pirates dare not venture. At Dingle there are great numbers " of honest and well-affected people, and a company may be placed there to secure " them. Tralee is in the same situation as Glanerought, but freer from danger, by the " residence of Sir Edward Denny and Sir Thomas Heuris, who are well provided with " will, judgment, and arms to defend themselves. The fort of Castlepark, near Kinsale, " is in a ruinous condition, and the ordnance dismounted, and 1 humbly pray the same " may be repaired, as the inhabitants are more in dread of the invasion than those of *' any other place in this country, &c."
Captain South, in the PAil. Transact, informs us that in the year 1698 there were in Baltimore and about it 9 seamen, 188 fishermen, 84 boatmen — in all 281, whereof only two were Papists.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 143

As the companion tells it

Coming up along Baltimore now. This was one of the points on a chain of coastal beacons, ordered up as a warning system against attack. Beacons were to be set up on the promontory over Baltimore, on the island of Cape Clear, at Mizen Head, and at Sheep's Head Point. The idea was that when the beacons fired, the inhabitants would assemble under arms. At Ibawne, the people were to gather at Cloghnakilty, so that if either Ross or Timoleague were attempted, they could be readily relieved. Castlehaven had few inhabitants, but its harbour had been secured by a man called Mr. Salmon, who raised a fort and mounted ordnance on it. Further along, Mr. Daniel O'Sullivan had a house of reasonable strength at Berehaven and took it upon himself to defend it and Ballygobbin. He promised to erect five beacons, one upon the Dorseys and four upon the Great Island. O'Sullivan More, who lived in the river of Kenmare, was directed to take warning from the beacon on the promontory over the Dorseys, and by one of his own to assemble his tenants and servants at his strong and defensible castle. The writer thought this caution needless, as the inhabitants on both sides of that river were but few, until as far up as Glanerought, where the pirates dare not venture. The fort of Castlepark near Kinsale was in a ruinous condition with its ordnance dismounted, and the writer prayed it might be repaired, as the inhabitants there were more in dread of invasion than those of any other place in the country. In 1698, Baltimore and its surroundings had 9 seamen, 188 fishermen, and 84 boatmen, 281 in all, of whom only two were Papists.

Cogan barony of Kinalea transferred to Desmond

Kinalea · barony · Cork · 1438

The barony of Kinalea and Kerrycurrihy was possessed by Richard Cogan and came to the Earls of Desmond. On 12 June 1438, Robert FitzGeoffry Cogan granted all his lands in Ireland, including this barony, to James Earl of Desmond.

Read the passage

N the opening portion of this chapter, Smith refers to the barony of Kinalea and Kerrycurrihy as being possessed by Richard Cogan, and as coming from him to the Earls of Desmond. In Book III., chap. II., he states that on the 12th June, 1438, Robert FitzGcoffry Cogan granted all his lands in Ireland, including this barony, to James Earl of Desmond. Both these statements cannot well be accurate. There is much confusion as to the actual transfer. An interesting, but probably not a historical, account of how the transfer came about is given in the State Papers, May, 1589, and will be found in Appendix IV. to Dr. Caulfield's Council Book of KinsaUy p. 425.
In the Cotton MSS. in the British Museum (Cotton B. 12,166), the Carew aspect is given : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 132

Consecration of twelve bishops at St. Patrick's Dublin

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1660–1661

Dr. Michael Boyle was one of twelve bishops consecrated at St. Patrick's, Dublin, in January 1660. The ceremony was noted as one of the most imposing ever witnessed in the Church of Ireland up to that period.

Read the passage

During the time of the usurpation of Cromwell those Sees were vacant ; but on the restoration of King Charles II., in 1660, Dr. Michael Boyle, son of the Archbishop of Tuam, was advanced to them. He was one of the twelve bishops that were consecrated at St. Patrick's, Dublin, 27th January, 1660- 1. The consecration of these prelates was probably one of the most imposing ceremonies ever witnessed up to this period in the Church of Ireland.
Not content with three bishoprics. Dr. Michael Boyle held possession of six livings in the west of this diocese, under a plea that he could get no clergymen to serve them ; however, when the Earl of Orrery, his own near relation, came here as I^rd President in 1662, being charged to see that the bishops did their duty, he convened them for this purpose, and admonished this prelate to provide clergymen for these livings, or he would sequester tne profits, and apply them to the support of some students in the university, whereupon these six parishes were speedily supplied with clergymen. He was translated to Dublin by letters-patent, dated 27th November, 1663, where he repaired and beautified the palace of St. Sepulchres ; in 1678 he was translated to Armagh. He was thrice one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, and, with the primacy, held the

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 250

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Dublin, you are moving through a city where, on the 27th of January 1661, one of the grandest ceremonies the Church of Ireland had ever seen took place. After the sees had stood vacant through Cromwell's time, King Charles II was restored in 1660, and twelve bishops were consecrated together at St. Patrick's, Dublin. One of them was Dr. Michael Boyle, son of the Archbishop of Tuam. The consecration of these twelve prelates was probably one of the most imposing ceremonies ever witnessed up to that period in the Church of Ireland. Boyle was not content with three bishoprics. He held six livings in the west of the diocese, claiming he could find no clergymen to serve them. In 1662 the Earl of Orrery, his own near relation, arrived as Lord President, charged to see that bishops did their duty. He convened them and admonished Boyle to provide clergymen for those livings, or he would sequester the profits and apply them to support students in the university. The six parishes were speedily supplied. Boyle was translated to Dublin by letters-patent dated the 27th of November 1663, where he repaired and beautified the palace of St. Sepulchres. In 1678 he was translated to Armagh. He was thrice one of the Lords Justices of Ireland.

Copinger family burial vault at Christ Church, Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1637–1878

Multiple generations of the Copinger family, from the early 17th century onward, directed in their wills that they be buried in Christ Church, Cork. Dr. Caulfield later discovered an ancient tombstone in the crypt of Christ Church dating to about Henry VIII's time, which he inferred was a Copinger tombstone.

Read the passage

The Copinger tomb was situate in the crypt of Christ Church. On the occasion of the inspection of this crypt by the late Dr. Caulfield above referred to, he came across an ancient tombstone or flag of about Henry VIII.'s time, which bore, or, perhaps, more correctly, had borne, an elaborate inscription, and he inferred from the fragment he was able to decipher round the rim of the stone, that it was a tombstone of the Copingers. The doctor thought also he saw the name Copinger in the corner. In more modern times a Captain More had cut his name, and that' of his child, across the stone.
Page 376. St, Peter's, Sir Mattluw Deane. Among the entry of leases by the Corporation is one to Sir Matthew Deane, in 1693, of

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 243

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, Christ Church holds the Copinger family burial vault in its crypt. The Copingers, across generations from the early 1600s onward, directed in their wills that they be buried there. When Dr. Caulfield inspected the crypt, he found an ancient tombstone dating to about Henry the Eighth's time. It had once borne an elaborate inscription, but much of it was gone. From the fragment he could decipher round the rim of the stone, he inferred that it was a tombstone of the Copingers. He thought also he saw the name Copinger in the corner. In more modern times, a Captain More had cut his name, and that of his child, across the stone.

Crookhaven manor with court, minerals and sea wrecks

Crookhaven · townland · Cork · 1663–1723

Crookhaven, with its glebe, formed part of a lease of 19½ ploughlands to St. Richard Hull dated 1663. The tenant was obliged to do suit and service at the court of the manor of Crookhaven, with royalties of minerals and half of sea wrecks excepted from the lease.

Read the passage

8. Scull, 9 ploughlands ; the Island of Nananeash, one ploughland and a-half ; 2 islands called the West Calves, containing one ploughland and a-half ; Crookhaven, with the glebe, containing one ploughland and a-half — in all 19 ploughlands and a-half In lease to S'- Richard Hull, dated Aug. 21, 1663, for 60 years, from March 25, 1663, by virtue of a licence from the Lord Lieutenant and Council, payeth half-yearly, £^0 os, od\ fid. per pound receiver's fees, £1 5 J. od, — ;^5i 5^. od. The tenant to do suit and service at the court of the mannor of Crookhaven. The royalties of minerals, &c, and one-half of wrecks of the sea, treasure-trove, &c., excepted.
9. Farranavaragan & Kineagh, one-half ploughland, in lease to Wallis Warren, from March 25, 1693, for 21 years, payeth quarterly, £i^ os, od. At Christmas, perquisite 2s, 6d, ; receiver's fees, 4s. 6d The half ploughland of Farranavaragan and the half plowland of Kineagh — £g ys, od,

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 82

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, Crookhaven was part of a lease of 19 and a half ploughlands granted to Sir Richard Hull on the 21st of August, 1663, for 60 years, dating from the 25th of March that same year. The lease was made by virtue of a licence from the Lord Lieutenant and Council. The lands included Scull, the Island of Nananeash, the West Calves, and Crookhaven with the glebe. The tenant was obliged to do suit and service at the court of the manor of Crookhaven. Not everything was included in the lease. The royalties of minerals were excepted, and one-half of wrecks of the sea and treasure-trove were kept back as well. So whatever washed up on these shores, half of it was not Sir Richard Hull's to take.

Death of Sir Peter Carew at Ross

New Ross · townland · Wexford · 1575

While travelling to Cork in 1575, Sir Peter Carew fell ill at Ross in County Wexford and died there on the 27th of November, ending his ambitious claim to vast estates in Cork.

Read the passage

This Sir Peter Carew sent his agent, John Hooker, to Cork, where he had a solemn meeting with Mac Carty Reagh, Sir Cormac Mac-Teig, Lord Muskery, Barry-Oge, O'Driscol, O'Daly, and others. They proposed to advance 3,000 kine, with sheep, hogs, and com, in proportion for the present ; and that, if Sir Peter would live among them, they would pay him an annual reasonable rent. Upon which, Hooker took an house for Sir Peter at Cork, and another at Kingsale. But, as Sir Peter was travelling to Cork, he fell ill at Ross, in the county of Wexford, and died there the 27th of November, 1575. — Cox, voL i. p. 327.
(47) The Carews of Ireland are said, by Cambden and other genealogists, to be (Dugdale, vol. I., p. 481) descended from Arnolph de Montgomery, who built the Castle of Pembroke, in Wales. He had the title of that earldom, and afterwards fortified his castle in the behalf of his brother, the E^rl of Shrewsbury, in the time of his rebellion against King Henry I. They were both banished the realm, anno 11 12; and this Arnolph being outlawed, the castle of Pembroke came to the Crown. Odericus Vitalis, p. 573 (who was a monk of Utica, and a writer of the Norman history), says that he married Lafracoth, a daughter to one of the kings of Ireland, and their posterity took the name of Carew, from Carew castle, in Pembrokeshire.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 21

Defence of Clonard, Westmeath

Clonard · street · Cork · 1798

On 11 July 1798, 26 yeomen under Lieutenant Tyrell made a brilliant defence of Clonard against a large body of insurgents until relieved by 26 men under Lieutenant Houghton of the Kinnegad Infantry. The rebels were pursued and defeated the next day, driven upon Slane and routed.

Read the passage

nth July. Brilliant defence of Clonard, Westmeath, by 26 yeomen under Lieutenant Tyrell, against a large body of insurgents, until relieved by 26 men under Lieutenant Houghton of the Kinnegad Infantry. This body of rebels were pursued and defeated next day by Colonel Gough, and, being hunted by General Myers, were driven upon Slane, and routed by General Meyrick.
484 THE ANCIENT AND PRESENT STATE OF

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 286

As the companion tells it

On 11 July 1798, along here, 26 yeomen under Lieutenant Tyrell made a brilliant defence of Clonard against a large body of insurgents until relieved by 26 men under Lieutenant Houghton of the Kinnegad Infantry. The rebels were pursued and defeated the next day by Colonel Gough, and driven upon Slane by General Myers, and routed by General Meyrick.

Douglas cemetery grave of Rev. Canon Hayman

near Douglas · townland · Cork · 1886–1887

Rev. Canon Hayman, M.A., rector of Douglas for many years, is buried in Douglas cemetery. He was known as a scholar, herald, genealogist, and antiquary, and authored works on Youghal's religious foundations and a guide to Youghal, Ardmore, and the Blackwater.

Read the passage

Quite near this is laid the Rev. Canon Hayman, M.A., who was for many years rector of Douglas, and who was well known in the world of letters as an accomplished scholar, a graceful writer, a herald and genealogist of known repute, and a skilled antiquary, learned in the history of his native country. Among the many writings which will perpetuate his name and memory are the Memorials of the Ancient Religious Foundations at Youghal and its Vicinity : Youghal, John Lindsay ; and a Guide to Youghai^ Ardmore^ and the Blackwater^ etc., etc.
Before Dr. Caulfield's death he expressed a wish to be buried at Douglas, near his friend the Rev. Canon Hayfnan, who died in the winter of 1886-7, 2tnd it devolved on me to see that wish carried out, and to secure the only vacant spot where two paths meet, between the graves of Hayman and Millikin, and here he was laid on Monday morning, the 7th of February, 1887, and the following inscription from the pen of his friend, the late Very Rev. S. O. Madden, D.D., Dean of St Fin Barre's, marks the spot : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 203

Dowr river's subterranean course and lake near Castlemartyr

Castlemartyr · townland · Cork · 1739

About a mile south-east of Castlemartyr, the Dowr river emerges from a limestone rock after a subterranean course of nearly half a mile, rising near Mogeely. It forms a lake frequented by wild fowl, and during the great frost of 1739 was visited by wild geese and swans, rare in that part of Ireland.

Read the passage

About a mile south-east of Castlemartyr, a river called the Dowr ^**^ breaks out from a limestone rock, after taking a subterraneous course near half a mile, having its rise near Mogeely. Where it breaks out it forms a small lake, in some places three hundred yards over in winter time, and about an English mile in circumference. At this season of the year it is a receptacle for many kinds of wild-fowl ; and was in the great frost of 1739 much frequented by wild geese and swans, which are very rare in this part of the kingdom. The halcyon, or kingfisher, is an inhabitant of this lake. The Spaniards boast much of the subterranean passage of
(25) Capt. Henry Boyle, in the late wars, put his castle under the protection of General Mac Carty, as did also the Lord Inchiquin, his of Rostillian, who promised to secure them and their houses, which he did not perform ; for Castlemartyr, with all the improvements and furniture, to the value of some thousands of pounds, were destroyed.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 58

Duhallow principality of Mac Donough

Duhallow · barony · Cork

The barony of Duhallow was a large tract where Mac Donough, a branch of the Mac Cartys, was chief and lived in great splendour until 1641. His dependents included O'Kief, Mac Auliff, and O'Callaghan.

Read the passage

The modern barony of Duhallow^ in some old manuscripts Alia, is a large tract, of which Mac Donough, a branch of the Mac Cartys,^*^) was chief He is, in several old chronicles, styled prince of Duhallow, and lived in this country, with his followers, in great splendour, till the year 1641. His dependents were O'Kief, chief of Poble O'Kief, a country in the north-west part of this county ; Mac Auliff, chief of Clan- Auliff; and O'Callaghan, chief of the territory called Poble 0'Callaghan,^3°> west of Mallow, being the present parishes of Kilshanick
(»8) I purposely omit giving a particular account of this branch of the MacCartys, called the Clancarty family, in this chapter, as they will frequently occur in the historical part of this work.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 19

Earl of Cork dies in Youghal during 1641 rebellion

Youghal · town · Cork · 1641–1645

The Earl of Cork shut himself up in Youghal during the rebellion of 1641, suffered great hardships, and died in the town during those troubles.

Read the passage

The Earl of Cork shut himself up in this town in the rebellion of 1641, in which he suffered very great hardships, and died in it during those troubles.^^'^ The Earl of Castlehaven besieged it about ten weeks, and though the town was far from being strong, and the garrison very weak and ill supplied, yet they had the courage to defend it bravely with considerable loss to the Irish army, who were at last forced to raise the siege, ann. 1645. For the further historical incidents which happened there, I refer the reader to Book III., which contains the civil history of this county.
Within three miles of Youghal the Earl of Cork had a noble park, in the parish of Ardagh, but it has been disparked several years. A little way up the river from the town, on a bold point of land, stands the ruined castle of Rincrew, once a house of the knights templars.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 56

Engraved cross slab discovered in Kilcrea Abbey nave

Kilcrea · townland · Cork · 1867

On 30 August 1867, over a ton of stones and rubbish was removed from the north-east corner of the Kilcrea nave, revealing a large slab engraved with a fine cross and circular interlaced ornaments. Photographs of the abbey were taken from different points of view.

Read the passage

" Friday evening, Aug. 30, 1867, Mr. T. R. Lane and myself having removed over '* a ton of stones and rubbish with our hands that covered a large slab in the north- " east corner of the nave, discovered a very fine cross engraved with circular interlaced " ornaments on the surface of the flag. Mr. Lane has made some beautiful photo- *• graphs of the abbey from difierent points of view." — R. C.
Page 173. On the cave in St. Owen's Parish Dr. Caulfield notes —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 106

Fire and Rebuilding of Blackrock Castle

near Blackrock · population centre · Cork · 1827–1829

Blackrock Castle, originally built in the reign of James I, was accidentally burned in 1827. It was subsequently rebuilt between 1828 and 1829 by architects James and G. R. Pain, with a stone inscription commemorating the restoration.

Read the passage

Page 352. Blackrock, Dr. Smith does not mention an ancient tower called Ringmahon Castle<3) j and a seat of the Galway family, which appears in the P acuta Hibernia map, called Dundaniel Castle ^*^; Beaumont and Lakelands, the seats of Messrs. Beamish and Crawford, the eminent brewers, are extensive places, and Castle Mahon, the seat of Sir William Chatterton, bart, deserves notice. Blackrock Castle was burned by accident in 1827? It has since been rebuilt, and a stone having the following inscription put up : —
" The Re-building of this Ancient Castle The Admiralty Court of the City of Cork Was commenced a.d. 1828. Right Worshipful Thomas Dunscomb, Esq., Mayor.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 200

As the companion tells it

As you come through Blackrock, just outside Cork, the castle was burned by accident in 1827. It was rebuilt, and a stone was put up with an inscription. The words on the stone read: "The Re-building of this Ancient Castle, the Admiralty Court of the City of Cork, was commenced AD 1828. Right Worshipful Thomas Dunscomb, Esq., Mayor." The castle was originally built in the reign of James I. After the fire, architects James and G. R. Pain carried out the rebuilding between 1828 and 1829.

Inchiquin settlement by Norman, English, Welsh and Danish tenants

Inchiquin · townland · Cork · 1288

An inquisition taken at Youghal in 1288 shows a large body of strangers had settled at Inchiquin and its neighbourhood. All lands were parcelled out to men bearing Norman, English, Welsh, and Danish names, including a Danish free tenant holding half a fee.

Read the passage

Inchiquin. An inquisition taken at Youghal, 1288, shows that a large body of strangers had settled down there and in the neighbourhood. All the lands were parcelled out to men bearing Norman, English, Welsh, and even Danish names — one of the latter race was among the free tenants of Inchiquin, and held half a fee by service of 20s. and suits.
CastUmartyr, anciently " Martre." In the Journal of tlu Royal Historical and Arch<Eological Society of Ireland, No. 81, vol. ix., 4th series, I have figured and described the silver mace of the Corporation of Castlemartyr, which was incorporated by a charter of King Charles II., dated July 28th, 1675. granted to Roger Earl of Orrery. The corporation was styled " The Portreeve, Bailiffs, and Burgesses," and consisted of a portreeve, two bailiffs, and twelve burgesses, who had power to

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 69

Irish name origins and charter history of Kinsale

Kinsale · town · Cork · 1333–1588

Kinsale's Irish name 'Cean Taile' is said to mean 'the head of the sea,' possibly referring to the Old Head promontory, though other derivations suggest 'a smooth sea or basin.' In old Irish manuscripts it was called 'Fan-na-Tuabred,' meaning 'the fall of the springs.' The town was an ancient corporation chartered by Edward III in 1333, renewed by Edward IV in 1482, and confirmed by Elizabeth I in 1588.

Read the passage

I proceed to a description of Kinsale, which was called in Irish, Cean Taile, t.e.y " the head of the sea," alluding to the promontory called the Old Head ; others derive it from the Irish, cune taile^ or cune sailky which imports " a smooth sea or basin." It is in some old Irish MSS. called Fan-na- Tuabred^ />., " the fall of the springs." This is an ancient corporation. King Edward III. granted it a charter ann. 1333, and the Charter same was renewed by King Edward IV.'s charter, <5) of the 22nd year of his reign, anno 1482. I do not find that this charter was again renewed until Queen Elizabeth confirmed their privileges, anno 1588, the year of the famous invasion by the Spanish Armada. <^> The corporation forfeited this charter upon the Spaniards

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 116

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Kinsale, in Cork. Its Irish name was Cean Taile, meaning "the head of the sea," alluding to the promontory called the Old Head. Others derive it from the Irish "cune taile" or "cune sailky," which imports "a smooth sea or basin." In some old Irish manuscripts it was called Fan-na-Tuabred, meaning "the fall of the springs." This was an ancient corporation. King Edward III granted it a charter in 1333. That charter was renewed by King Edward IV in the 22nd year of his reign, in 1482. There is no record of it being renewed again until Queen Elizabeth confirmed their privileges in 1588, the year of the famous invasion by the Spanish Armada. The corporation forfeited this charter upon the Spaniards.

Iron works and deforestation at Araglin

near Araglin · population centre · Cork

Considerable iron works operated near Araglin on the Blackwater, but the industry suffered from a scarcity of charcoal because most of the local woods had been demolished. The river Araglin itself winds through a deep, romantic glen rising in the Waterford mountains.

Read the passage

good house, with orchards, etc., of Mr. Hill. To the west of it falls the river Araghlin into the Blackwater ; not far from which is Araghlin House, pleasantly situated. Near this place considerable iron works are carried on ; but charcoal is become very scarce in this part of the country, most of the woods being demolished.
Macloney Near this river is Macloney, a good house and improve-

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 181

Kanturk Castle ruins and Mac Donough residence

Kanturk · town · Cork · 1615

Mac Donough, prince of Duhallow, had his chief residence at Kanturk, near which stand the sumptuous ruins of one of his castles. Letters patent were passed in 1615 granting him the town and lands.

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and Clonmeene, where the chief sept of the O'Callaghans lived, and where a descendant of the family still remains. Mac Donough's chief residence \^as at Kanturk, near which are the sumptuous ruins of one of his castles.<3'> Anno 13th of James I. letters patent were passed to Dermot Mac Owen Mac Carty, of the town and lands of Keantwirk, Lohort, and divers other lands, &c, containing the greatest part of the territory of Duhallow, with a chiefrie and other duties and customs, out of the territories of Poble O'Callaghan, Poble O'Kief, and the lands of Donough-Oge, with the royalties of all waifs, strays, goods of felons, court-leet, and court-baron, view of frankpledge, &c. ; a weekly market and annual fair, with power to impark 550 acres, to have free-chace and free-warren throughout the said territory, and divers other ample privileges, to be held in free and common soccage of His Majesty's castle of Dublin. Dated at Dublin. June 6, 161 5>^
The large tract, now known by the names of the modem baronies of Armoy or Fermoy. Orrery and Kilmore, and Clangibbon, was, before the arrival of the English, a principality of the O'Kiefs, called Fearmuigh ; which, say the Irish antiquarians, is a contraction of Fera Muighe Fere, which Flaherty interprets, viros Mogruthii Militis ; and adds, this Mogruth was a Druid, who, for services to his prince, had those territories given him, vid, Ogygia, p. 336, or, according to others, it is a contraction of Fera Muigh fene, signifying "the husbandman's grassy plains," and thus Colgan calls it/33) The princes of this tract did sometimes so enlarge their territory by conquest, that this whole country, in some Irish manuscripts, is called Fermuigh, the patron saint of which was, in ancient times, St. Molac,^3*> whose festival was on the 30th of January. But of

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 19

Kilbritton castle seized by Mac Carty Reagh

near Kilbrittain · street · Cork

De Courcey lost the cantred and castle of Kilbritton when Mac Carty Reagh, with a large force of Irish, attacked the few remaining English in the area and wrested it from him by force.

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of that ancient family. The Carews were styled Marquises of Cork, and built the castles of Ardentully, Dunkerron, and Dunemarke/*^^ in the west of this country, and others in Imokilly, to protect them from the natives. The chief men of this family, with many other English settled here, removed into England upon the breaking out of the civil wars between the houses of York and Lancaster, to the great prejudice of the English interest in this country. De Courcey, who remained in Ireland, besides dividing his lands as portions to his daughters, lost many of them by force, and, in particular, the cantred and castle of Kilbritton, which were wrested from him by Mac Carty Reagh, who, with numbers of the Irish, attacked the few English that remained in this part of the kingdom. Notwithstanding, this ancient and noble family enjoys a considerable estate to this day in the barony called, from them, Courcey's country, and have constantly preserved their loyalty untainted, being never concerned in any rebellion against the crown of England. Their ancient seat was, f6r many ages, at Dun Mac Patrick, so called from Patrick de Courcey, who gave the name of Mac Patrick to his posterity. This place, in ancient records, is said to have been a royal seat of the kings of Ireland, being called Dunkearma. The Right Hon. Gerald de Courcey, the present Lord Kingsale, quarters the arms of Cogan, in right of the marriage with the daughter and heir of Milo de Cogan, the first grantee of the kingdom of Cork.^50)
Besides a considerable estate, which came to Maurice Fitz-John Fitz- Gerald by his marriage with Juliana, heiress to John, Lord Cogan, of

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 21

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Kilbrittain, there was a castle of Kilbritton, and a cantred of land around it, that once belonged to De Courcey. The story of how it was lost begins with the Carews, who were styled Marquises of Cork, and who built castles at Ardentully, Dunkerron, and Dunemarke in the west of this country, and others in Imokilly, to protect them from the natives. When the civil wars between the houses of York and Lancaster broke out, the chief men of that family, with many other English settled here, removed into England. That departure was, as the record says, to the great prejudice of the English interest in this country. De Courcey stayed in Ireland. But besides dividing his lands as portions to his daughters, he lost many of them by force. In particular, the cantred and castle of Kilbritton were wrested from him by Mac Carty Reagh, who came with numbers of the Irish and attacked the few English that remained in this part of the the kingdom. Notwithstanding that loss, the ancient and noble family of De Courcey still enjoys a considerable estate to this day in the barony called, from them, Courcey's country. They have constantly preserved their loyalty untainted, being never concerned in any rebellion against the crown of England. Their ancient seat was, for many ages, at Dun Mac Patrick, so called from Patrick de Courcey, who gave the name of Mac Patrick to his posterity. That place, in ancient records, is said to have been a royal seat of the kings of Ireland, called Dunkearma.

Kilbritton manor restored to Lords Kingsale

near Kilbrittain · street · Cork · 1295

Kilbritton belonged to the Lords Kingsale before the Mac Carty Reaghs. In 1295, the manor of Kilbritton and Ringrone was restored to James Keating after John de Courcey's death.

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(33) Kilbritton belonged to the Lords Kingsale long before Mac Carty Reagh possessed it. For, by a composition of Walter de la Haye, the king's escheator of Ireland, anno 23, Edw. I. 1295, the manor of Kilbritton and Ringrone, with the mills, fisheries, etc., thereto belonging; the lands of Corrotsheran, Holdemess, Liflfynin, Tathax, Lysside, and Kingsale, in the county of Cork ; and other places in the extent roll taken on the occasion, being seized into the king's hands, upon the death of John de Courcey, who was slain by Mac Carty the same year, in the island of Inchydonny (as appears by a certificate of Samuel Mollineaux, Ulster king-at-arms, concerning the said battle.) This Walter restores the said lands, &c., on a composition of 12/. 12s. to James Keating, per brevi domini regis, &c. And the said Walter de la Haye restores the country oi Glynardall, and other lands in the county of Kerry, to the said Keating, for the use of the heir of the Said John, Lord Courcey. Concordat cum original in thes. infra Cast Dubl. rememb. Philip rercevall, penes dominum de Kingsale.
(«3) Donald Mac Carty More, Earl of Clancare (a territory in the county of Kerry), was so created by Queen Elizabeth, anno 1566, having resigned his estate to her, and then had it restored, to hold of the crown of England, by fealty, after the English manner. He was, at the same time, created Baron of Valentia, an island adjoining. Cambden says, he was a man eminent, of great power in those parts, and a bitter 'enemy to the Fitz-Geralds, who dispossessed his ancestors, kings of Desmond, of their country.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 17

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Kilbrittain, you are near the lands that belonged to the Lords Kingsale long before the Mac Carty Reaghs held them. In 1295, Walter de la Haye, the king's escheator of Ireland, made a composition that restored the manor of Kilbritton and Ringrone, with its mills and fisheries, to James Keating. These lands had been seized into the king's hands on the death of John de Courcey, who was slain by Mac Carty that same year on the island of Inchydonny. This is confirmed by a certificate of Samuel Mollineaux, Ulster king-at-arms, concerning that battle. The lands in question included the manor of Kilbritton and Ringrone itself, along with the lands of Corrotsheran, Holdemess, Liflfynin, Tathax, Lysside, and Kingsale, all in the county of Cork. Walter de la Haye restored them to James Keating on a composition of 12 pounds and 12 shillings, by writ of the lord king. He also restored the country of Glynardall and other lands in the county of Kerry to Keating, for the use of the heir of the said John, Lord Courcey. The record was certified as agreeing with the original in the treasury beneath Dublin Castle, by Philip Percivall, for the Lord of Kingsale.

Kinalea anciently Insovenagh, granted to Fitz-Martin in 1208

Kinalea · barony · Cork · 1208

Kinalea was anciently named Insovenagh and was a territory of the Mac Cartys. It was granted to Robert Fitz-Martin by King John in 1208, and in latter times was possessed by Barry Oge.

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Kerricurihy and Kinalea are now one barony ; the former was anciently called Muskery Millane,and was possessed by the Mac Cartys, but granted, after' the conquest, to Richard de Cogan, as I shall shew hereafter. It is, in old manuscripts, called Long a Gowganig, i,e, " Cogan's ship," and comprehended not only the tract now called Kerricurihy, but also the barony of Imokilly, in which last the Carews, soon after the English conquest, likewise settled. In Queen Elizabeth's time it went by the name of Kerry- wherry. The other part, called Kinalea, was anciently named Insovenagh ; and, being also a territory of the Mac Cartys, was granted to Robert Fitz-Martin, by King John,<»7) anno 1208. But, in latter times, it was possessed by Barry Oge.
(a6) Vui, An inquisition concerning O'Sullivan's lands in Bear and Bantry, preserved among the MSS. of the Lambeth library, X. X. fol. 13. Vid, also an account of the particular forces of O'SuUivan in this part of the country, in the same library, manuscript X. X. fol. 105. In a manuscript, called a Breviate of Ireland, and the diversity of Irish in the same, preserved in the College library, E. Tab. 3. N. 8., wrote by Philip O'SuUivan Bear, and presented to the King of Spain, anno 1618, by Florence, titular archbishop of Tuam; after O'Neil, and O'Donnell, the author sets down Don Dermitius O'SuUivan among the ancient Irish seculars in Ireland. This Dermot was then at Madrid, and assumed the title of Earl of Bearhaven.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 18

King Henry VIII injunction for election of Bishop of Cloyne and Cork, 1536

Cloyne · town · Cork · 1536

King Henry VIII issued an injunction dated 21 May 1536 directing the Archbishop of Cashel to consecrate Edmond, son of James Fitz William, Dean of Clon, as Bishop of Clon and Corke. However, his name does not appear in the list of Bishops of Cork and Cloyne, suggesting he was never consecrated.

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" Forasmuch as upon the vacation of the Bishopric of Clon and Corke, we have " appointed thereunto our well beloved Master Edmond, the son of James Fitz William, " Dean of Clon, our commandment is : that he be elected by the Chapters of Clon aod " Corke, in due forme, and having done fealthy unto us for the same, which our deputy "shall receive, you shall consecrate and invest him in the said Bishopric, according as "shall be prescribed unto you by the Deputy, without failing, as you will answer unto " us for the contrary at your peril, ai May, 1536."
" As liis name does not occur in the list of the Bishops of Cork and Ctoyne, it is " very probable he was never

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 71

Kingston College endowed for reduced gentlefolk

Mitchelstown · townland · Cork

The Kingston family endowed Kingston College with pensions for reduced gentlefolk at Mitchelstown. The greater portion of the vast Kingston estates have since been sold.

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Earl of Kingston. This family, in the female line, descended from FitzGibbon, the last White Knight, and inherited his property. Sir John King, the ancestor and head of the Kingston family, was elevated to the peerage in 1660 by Charles II. On the site of the ancient castle of the While Knights the third Earl of Kingston, in 1823, elected one of the largest modern castles in the kingdom. The Kingstons were famed for their lavish hospitality, Robert the fourth earl being the most noted. One hundred guests frequently assembled at one time in the castle, for whom was provided every kind of amusement. They also endowed Kingston College with pensions for reduced gentlefolk. The greater portion of the vast Kingston estates have been sold, and what remains is now held by the Dowager Countess of Kingston (widow of fifth earl, married secondly to William Downes Webber, esq.)i who resides at Mitchelstown castle. Henry Ernest Newcomen King-Tenison, the eighth and present earl.
Earl of Egmont. Sir Philip Perceval, who for several years was actively engaged in the government of Ireland, obtained grants of forfeited lands to the extent of 100,000 acres. In 1715 his descendant. Sir John Perceval, was elevated to the peerage of Ireland as Baron Perceval of Burton, county Cork, and in 1722 was further advanced as Viscount Perceval of Kanturk. In 1732 the Viscount obtained a charter to colonize the Province of Georgia in America, and being nominated president thereof, was advanced to an earldom in the peerage of Ireland in 1733 as Earl of Egmont. Charles George Perceval, of Lohert Castle, county Cork, etc. , the seventh and present earl.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 279

Little high castle by the Key, possibly Round Tower

Cork · city · Cork · 1573–1864

An indenture of 1573 mentions a 'little high castell by the Key' on the south side of Cork, leased for 3 pounds of wax yearly. The commentator queries whether this could have been the Round Tower. A curious chimney-piece was removed from this place around 1862 to the Royal Cork Institution.

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"An indenture made 7th Aug., 1573, between William Artor " and Will. Sarsfeld, mentions another made between the Mayor, •' Bayliffs, etc., of Cork, and said Artor, dated 3 Edw. VI., in which " said Mayor, etc., did demise to A. 'a little high castell by the '• ' Key, on the south side, etc., yielding yearly 3 pounds •••of wax.'"
" Could this have been the Round Tower ?"— R. C.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 235

As the companion tells it

Coming through Cork. An indenture of 1573 between William Artor and William Sarsfeld refers to an earlier one where the Mayor of Cork leased to Artor a little high castle by the Key on the south side, for 3 pounds of wax yearly. The commentator asks whether this was the Round Tower. A curious chimney-piece was taken from here around 1862 to the Royal Cork Institution.

Macroom castle: ancient origins, burning and rebuilding

Macroom · town · Cork · 1199–1641

Macroom castle was first built in King John's time after the English conquest, attributed to the Carews by Sir Richard Cox. It was repaired and beautified by Teige Mac Carty, who died in it in 1565. The castle was burned down in the wars of 1641 and later altered into a more modern structure by the Earls of Clancarty, consisting of two square towers about 60 feet high with a large building between them.

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whence, running in a S.E. course, they enter the Lee. About 300 yards N.W. of Newbridge, in a meadow near the bank of the river, are three large stones set on at end, edgewise to each other, the middle one being five feet broad, seven in height, and two thick, but the others much smaller ; about sixty yards S.E. from the former is another stone set up, less than the middle one before-mentioned, but larger than the side ones. These stones<*<=>> are said to be erected in memory of a celebrated battle fought here by Brien Boruma, king of Munster, and the O'Mahonys of Carbery. Macroomp ^^^ town of Macroomp (or, as it is pronounced, Macroom) is situated among hills in a dry gravelly redstone soil.^"'> The adjacent country is well improved with lime, brought six miles, from the S. side of the river Lee. This place is said to take its name from an old crooked oak (so called in Irish) which formerly grew here, under the boughs of which travellers used to pass. The castle of Macroomp is very ancient, being first built in King John's time, soon after the English conquest (according to Sir Richard Cox) by the Carews, but others attribute it to the Daltons. It was repaired and beautified by Teige Mac Carty, who died in it, anno 1565, and was father to the celebrated Sir Cormac Mac Teige, Lord Muskery, mentioned by Cambden and other writers as an active person in Queen Elizabeth's time. The late Earls of Clancarty altered this castle into a more modern structure, it being burned down in the wars of i64iS^^ It now consists of two square towers, about 60 feet high, with

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 97

Monanimy ruined church and Knights of St. John preceptory

Monanimy · parish · Cork

Monanimy features a ruined church with a large chancel containing a modern tomb of the Nagles. Adjacent to it is a castle that was formerly a preceptory belonging to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, with traces of very large buildings around it, the whole augustly situated on a high bank over the Blackwater.

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and in it is a modern tomb of the Nagles. Adjacent to it is a castle that, in former times, was a preceptory belonging to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem ; round the castle are traces of very large buildings, tifie whole augustly situated on a high bank over the Blackwater. As there is no other mention of this house, than in the king's quit rent books, the founder and time of the foundation is uncertain. On the opposite side of the river are large rocks of limestone, wherein are several subterraneous caverns. Bridffetown Lower down the Blackwater is Bridgetown, in Irish
" Ballindroghed," where are the ruins of an abbey of Regular Canons of St. Augustine, founded by Alexander Fitz-Hugh Roche, in the reign of King Edward II., ann. I3I4.<~> Some say the monks were of the congregation of St Victor. The Roches added greatly to the possessions of this house. Opposite the great altar is a ruined tomb, which belonged to the founder. In a side chapel is a large one with this inscription : — " Theobald Roche, A.D. 1635." This abbey was most pleasantly situated at the very confluence of the Awbeg and Blackwater, which rivers glide through a deep rocky glen, opposite to the building. Here was formerly a bridge over both rivers. Adjacent to the abbey is

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 178

Oak wood near Cariganass repeatedly cut and regrown

Carriganass · townland · Cork

Near Cariganass Castle a fine oak wood still grows. Denis Hurley, aged ninety-six, who died about thirty years before, remembered the cutting down of this wood three different times, with trees each time fit for beams and boat timber. Richard White of Bantry dug out a large piece of oak from a morass, finding fat greasy clay of the colour of rotten cheese around it.

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It was a high structure, with a square court, and flanked with four round towers. In it Daniel O'Sullivan, surnamed Caumb, i.e.y " crooked," kept garrison in Queen Elizabeth's time. But upon Tirrel's fleeing the country, after the conquest of Dunboy, this castle and that of Ardea were surrendered to the Queen's forces. Near this is a fine oak wood still growing. One Denis Hurley, aged ninety-six, who died about thirty years since, remembered the cutting down of this wood three different times, and, at each cutting, the trees were fit for beams, boat timber, and most other uses. Richard White, esq., of Bantry, whose land it is, had some time ago occasion to dig out a large piece of oak sunk in a morass, and found the soil about it, for seven feet perpendicular, to be a fat greasy clay, of the colour of rotten cheese, free from grit, and dissolving readily in the air. The soil produces a very large quantity of rank swarthy grass. This wood is situated between two mountain rivers, which bring down great quantities of earth and mud, that, with the spray and leaves of the trees, compose this kind of soil. This earth, upon trial, did not ferment with acids, but it might probably be an excellent manure for coarse gravelly grounds. •

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 157

Rath Barry, now Castlefreke

near Castlefreke · street · Cork

Rath Barry, which is now known as Castlefreke, was the seat of the Barry roe (red Barry) sept of the Barry family. This sept was one of three branches of the family in County Cork.

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Earl of Barrymore. Philip de Barri was one of the early Norman invaders. His uncle Robert FitzStephen granted him the territory now comprised in the baronies of Barrymore, Imokilly, and Orrery and Kilmore, with the town of Buttevant. Created Baron Barry in 1420, Viscount Buttevant in 1555, and in 1628 Daniel Lord Barry, Viscount Buttevant, was elevated to earldom of Barrymore. The title of Viscount Buttevant has long since been extinct, and that of Earl Barrymore since 1 823. On the death of the last earl his sister assumed the title of Baroness de Barry, without any reference to the Lords. Their castle of Barry's Court is now a stately ruin. The Barrys spread themselves over county Cork in three families or septs : — Barry mor (great or chief Barry) ; Barry roe (red Barry), of Rath Barry, now Castlefreke ; and Barry oge (young Barry), whose lands extended along the southern bank of the Bandon river to near Kinsale.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 277

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Castlefreke you are passing the old seat of the Barry roe, the red Barry sept. The Barrys spread themselves over County Cork in three families. Barry mor was the great or chief Barry. Barry roe, the red Barry, held Rath Barry, which is now Castlefreke. Barry oge, the young Barry, held lands along the southern bank of the Bandon river to near Kinsale. The family's roots go back to Philip de Barri, one of the early Norman invaders. His uncle Robert FitzStephen granted him territory now comprised in the baronies of Barrymore, Imokilly, and Orrery and Kilmore, with the town of Buttevant. The Barrys were created Baron Barry in 1420, Viscount Buttevant in 1555, and in 1628 Daniel Lord Barry was elevated to earldom of Barrymore. Their castle of Barry's Court is now a stately ruin.

Rebels cut off near Roundwood and routed at Clohogue

Roundwood · town · Wicklow · 1798

On 29th May, a party of the Newtown Mount Kennedy Cavalry under Lieutenant Archer and some Fencibles cut off rebels near Roundwood, county Wicklow, and the same day routed some of them at Clohogue.

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29th May. A party of the Newtown Mount Kennedy Cavalry under Lieutenant Archer, and some Fencibles, cut off some rebels near Roundwood, county Wicklow, and the same day they routed some of them at Clohogue.
30th May. Newtown Mount Kennedy was successfully defended by the local yeomanry and other detachments.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 285

As the companion tells it

Coming up now is Roundwood, in county Wicklow. On the 29th of May, 1798, a party of the Newtown Mount Kennedy Cavalry under Lieutenant Archer, and some Fencibles, cut off rebels near this town. The same day they routed some of them at Clohogue.

Rescues by lawless fellows in Doneraile town

Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1780

In January 1780 the Doneraile Rangers society resolved to use every possible means to apprehend offenders after two rescues were lately committed in the town of Doneraile by a set of lawless fellows, expressing abhorrence of such unlawful practices.

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" Resolved unanimously — That the gentlemen of this society having heard that two rescues have been lately committed in the town of Doneraile by a sett of lawless fellows, that said society having a just abhorrence of such unlawful practices, will use every possible means to apprehend and bring to publick justice every offender concerned in the said rescues.
" Resolved unanimously — That this society do meet on Saturday the 8th instant, in order to prepare an address to be sent to the lord lieutenant, expressive of the gratitude of the society for the grant of a ffree trade to this kingdom.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 188

Revenues of Ballybeg Abbey enlarged

Ballybeg · townland · Cork · 1267

The revenues of Ballybeg abbey, originally founded by Philip de Barry, were enlarged by his grandson Sir David de Barry around 1267. Sir David also served as Lord Justice of Ireland and founded Buttevant abbey.

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(4a) This Philip de Barry succeeded his elder brother, Robert de Barry, who was the first man (says Cambrensis) that was wounded in the conquest of this kingdom, and was also the first who ever manned an hawk in this island. The same author gives a noble character of him, and says, "he was a man rather ambitious to be eminent, than to seem so/' This family hath afibrded several eminent persons, besides the above Robert de Barry, viz.: Giraldus Cambrensis, who, in 1185, attended King John into Ireland, in quality of bis secretary, and was bishop of St. David's, alias Minevia, in Wales, and refused the bishoprics of Ferns and Leighlin, in Ireland, which were then vacant. During his stay here he collected materials for his Topography of Ireland, and his Vaticinal History of the conquest of it; but finished them in England. 2. Sir David de Barry, who was Lrord Justice of Ireland, anno 1267. He subdued the Mac Cartys in this county, founded the abbey of Buttevant, and enlarged the revenues of that of Ballybeg, founded by his grandfather, Philip de Barry. 3. Gerald de Barry, Lord Bishop of Cork, anno 1359. 4. James Barry, Lord Buttevant (anno 1555). 5. David, Viscount Buttevant, who did great service in Tyrone's rebellion, in 1601. 6. David, the first Earl of Barrymore, who served against the Scots, anno 1639, and in the Irish Rebellion of 1641, as will further be seen in the annals of this county.
There is an island, called Barry Island, on the S.W. coast of Glamorganshire, in Wales, which, with a castle on the opposite shore, had their names from this family.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 21

Rochfordstown and the Rochford lordship

Castlewhite · road · Cork · 1514–1670

Rochfordstown, later called Castlewhite, was the seat of the Rochford family, tenants in fee of the Bishop of Cork. A 1514 sentence in Christ Church confirmed Gerrott Rochford in the principality of the Rochfords against rival claimants, and the estate later passed to the Travers family and then to William White of Cork around 1670.

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This estate, with the lands of Balliman, in all two ploughlands, afterwards passed (probably by purchase) to the Travers family, who called it Castle Travers, and by them was sold about 1670 to William White, of Cork, merchant, from whom it has descended to the above-mentioned Mr. George White, and now bears the name of Castle White. A recovery was suffered of these lands by Richard Travers, in the 26th of Chas. II., and another in the 2nd of James II., by William White, of Cork, merchant The lands are in the old liberties, now the barony of Cork.
Page 353. Well dedicated to St. Bartlwlomew, Dr. Caulfield notes —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 205

Seventeenth-century silver gilt chalice and patens at Midleton

Midleton · town · Cork · 1694

St. John's Church in Midleton holds a silver gilt chalice and two patens-on-foot, inscribed as given for the church's use in 1694. They were made by Robert Goble, master of the guild of goldsmiths in Cork, and feature chased and repoussé work with symbolic Roses and Lilies.

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Middletown. Both Croker and Caulfield are destitute of notes concerning this thriving town There is in St. John's Church a chalice of silver gilt, and two patens-on-foot of the same, with the inscription — " Given for the use of St. John's Church, Middleton, 1694." They are most beautiful examples of seventeenth century Cork silver, having been •made by Robert Goble, who was master of the guild of goldsmiths in Cork, 1695-6. The ornaments upon these, which are in chased and repouss^ work, are the symbolic Roses and Lilies — not in this case the emblems of England and France, but of the Divine Redeemer, who is " the Rose of Sharon and the Lily of the Valley."
The school at Midleton, to which Smith refers, still continues to flourish. The following account of more than one hundred years ago, for a young gentleman's education, for one term at this school, will illustrate the text : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 74

Silver collar given to Mayor of Cork for Desmond wars

Cork · city · Cork · 1571

Queen Elizabeth gave a silver collar of S.S. to Maurice Roche, Mayor of Cork, in 1571 for his services against the Earl of Desmond. The collar and its patent were later left in the custody of Francis Kearny of Garretstown.

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Queen Elizabeth, in the thirteenth year of her reign, gave a silver collar of S. S. to Maurice Roche, Mayor of Cork, anno 1571, for his services against the Earl of Desmond, which collar and a patent relating thereto, were left in the custody of Francis Kearny, of Garretstown, esq.; and the said queen confirmed all the charters granted to this city, by letters-patent, ann. 1576.
King James I. granted a new charter to this city, bearing date March the 7th, in the sixth year of his reign ; this charter changes the mayor and bailiffs to mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty of the city of Cork, to be a corporation, to sue and to be sued in all his majesty's courts, to have one common seal, to be changed at pleasure ; Dominick Roche to be the first and modern mayor ; David Gallway and William Hoar, the first sheriffs. The mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty to make bye-laws, and punish the breakers of them by fine and imprisonment ; to appoint an escheator, coroner, and other officers, and remove them at pleasure ; all lands (except the castle of Cork, called the •' King's Old Castle,* and the street oi the same, with the county gaol) for the space of 3,000 paces round the city, to be a distinct county of itself, to be measured according to the statute by commissioners appointed for that purpose, viz.: — Sir Dominick Sarsfield, knt. ; Sir Parr Lane, knt. ; Sir Edward Fitzgerald, knt., etc. ; a copy of which admeasurement was to be returned by them into the high court of chancery, and another to the mayor, under their respective hands and seals. The mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty are to build at their own charge, within the precinct of the said castle, a session-house for

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 221

As the companion tells it

The city of Cork is coming up on the road. In 1571, Queen Elizabeth gave a silver collar of S.S. to Maurice Roche, who was Mayor of Cork, for his services against the Earl of Desmond. The collar and a patent relating to it were left in the custody of Francis Kearny of Garretstown. The queen also confirmed all the charters granted to this city by letters-patent in 1576. Later, King James I granted a new charter to the city, bearing date March 7, in the sixth year of his reign. This charter changed the mayor and bailiffs to mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty of the city of Cork, to be a corporation, to sue and be sued in all his majesty's courts, to have one common seal, to be changed at pleasure. Dominick Roche was to be the first and modern mayor. David Gallway and William Hoar were the first sheriffs. The mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty could make bye-laws and punish breakers of them by fine and imprisonment. They could appoint an escheator, coroner, and other officers, and remove them at pleasure. All lands, except the castle of Cork, called the King's Old Castle, and the street of the same, with the county gaol, for the space of 3,000 paces round the city, were to be a distinct county of itself.

Sir Philip Perceval and Burton peerage

Kanturk · town · Cork · 1715–1722

Sir John Perceval, descendant of Sir Philip Perceval who obtained grants of 100,000 acres of forfeited lands, was elevated to the Irish peerage in 1715 as Baron Perceval of Burton, county Cork, and further advanced as Viscount Perceval of Kanturk in 1722.

Read the passage

Earl of Egmont. Sir Philip Perceval, who for several years was actively engaged in the government of Ireland, obtained grants of forfeited lands to the extent of 100,000 acres. In 1715 his descendant. Sir John Perceval, was elevated to the peerage of Ireland as Baron Perceval of Burton, county Cork, and in 1722 was further advanced as Viscount Perceval of Kanturk. In 1732 the Viscount obtained a charter to colonize the Province of Georgia in America, and being nominated president thereof, was advanced to an earldom in the peerage of Ireland in 1733 as Earl of Egmont. Charles George Perceval, of Lohert Castle, county Cork, etc. , the seventh and present earl.
Earl of Shannon. Henry Boyle, second son of Lord Broghill first Earl of Orrery, was father of the first Earl of Shannon. His son, Henry, having filled the position of speaker to the Irish House of Commons, chancellor of the exchequer, lord justice, etc., was elevated to the peerage of Ireland in 1756 as Baron Castlemartyr, Viscount Boyle, and Earl of Shannon. Richard Henry Boyle, of Castlemartyr, county Cork, the sixth and present earl.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 279

Skiddy's Castle built 1445, used as gunpowder magazine

Cork · city · Cork · 1445

Skiddy's Castle in Cork was built in 1445 by John Skiddy, that year's bailiff and later mayor, whose descendants settled in France. By the time of writing, the castle was rented by the crown from the Earl of Burlington and used as a gunpowder magazine.

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Skiddy's Castle was built anno 1445 by John Skiddy,
Casde^ who was that year bailiff of the city, and afterwards mayor. His descendants live in France, where they have acquired a good estate. This castle is rented by the crown from the Earl of Burlington, and is used as a magazine for gunpowder.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 208

As the companion tells it

Coming through Cork. Skiddy's Castle was built in 1445 by John Skiddy, who was that year bailiff of the city, and afterwards mayor. His descendants live in France, where they have acquired a good estate. The castle is rented by the crown from the Earl of Burlington, and is used as a magazine for gunpowder.

Sortie from Gorey against rebels at Hill of Ballymanane

Gorey · town · Wexford · 1798

On 1 June 1798, a loyalist force including North Cork and Antrim Militia and Gorey, Ballaghkeene, and Camolin Cavalry, commanded by Captain White, sortied from Gorey against rebels posted on the Hill of Ballymanane, inflicting a severe defeat.

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1st June. Sortie from Gorey against the rebels posted on Hill of Ballymanane. The Loyalists were commanded by Captain White, a yeomanry officer. His party consisted of a detachment of the North Cork and Antrim Militia, 20 dismounted Gorey Cavalry, and detachments of the Ballaghkeene, Gorey, and Camolin Cavalry. The rebels suffere^d a severe defeat.
2nd June. Gallant capture of Newtown Barry by the yeomanry under Captain Kerr.

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 285

St. Anne's church built on Shandon foundation

near Shandon · locality · Cork · 1722

St. Anne's church was begun in 1722 on the old foundation of St. Mary Shandon, erected by subscription. Its steeple of hewn stone, 120 feet high with a 50-foot spire, bells, chimes and clock, was a great ornament to the city. The churchyard contains tombstones with Latin inscriptions commemorating Daniel Mahony and a tomb of Captain Francis Bernard.

Read the passage

The church of St. Anne was begun to be built upon the old foundation where St. Mary Shandon stood, anno 1722, and is to be made a distinct parish on the demise or removal of the present incumbent. It was erected by a subscription, and is a very neat plain church. The steeple is of hewn stone, 120 feet high, with a handsome spire, 50 feet more, erected the last summer ; also a musical ring of bells, chimes, and clock ; which building, being on an eminence, is a great ornament to the city. It was designed after the model of St. Mary's in Limerick.
The entrance at the western door is by fourteen stone steps, and the under-part of the building is well vaulted. On a tombstone in the churchyard are these lines : —

Internet Archive ancientandprese00caulgoog, Chapter 210

As the companion tells it

As you come through Shandon in Cork, St. Anne's church stands on the old foundation where St. Mary Shandon once stood. It was begun in 1722, erected by subscription, a neat plain church. The steeple is hewn stone, 120 feet high, with a spire of 50 feet more, added the last summer. It has a musical ring of bells, chimes, and a clock. Standing on an eminence, it is a great ornament to the city. It was designed after the model of St. Mary's in Limerick. The western door is reached by fourteen stone steps, and the under-part of the building is well vaulted. In the churchyard, tombstones bear Latin inscriptions commemorating Daniel Mahony, and there is a tomb of Captain Francis Bernard.

The ancient and present state of the county and city of Cork. : Containing a natural, civil, ecclesiastical, historical, and topographical description thereof.

The stories, best first

Queen Elizabeth's grant of Gilley Abbey lands to Sir Richard Grenville

Castlemore castle, Moviddy, and the McCarthy forfeiture of 1641

Earl of Cork's marble and alabaster family monument in Youghal

Patron saint of Kinsale corrected to Saint Eltin

Queen's Fort weak Spanish fortification at Kinsale

1329 battle deaths on Great Island

Alert raised from Castlehaven after Baltimore raid

Almshouse at Castlemartyr founded by Earl of Orrery

Archbishop Ussher's letter from Drogheda to Lord Courcey

Ballincollig Castle as ancient seat of Barrett family

Ballyphilip castle and cider orchards

Baltimore fishing population statistics, 1698

Bandon's woollen manufacture and military capacity

Barony of Muskerry under Earl of Clancarty, 1681

Barrack on castle remains at Doneraile

Battle of Vinegar Hill, Wexford

Bells of S. Anne Shandon inscriptions

Blarney Castle built by Cormac Laidir

Boyle builds and endows Blessington

Charter school at Inishannon established by Mr. Adderly

Charter-school endowed by Sir Richard Cox in Dunmanway

Clonmel Church and monument to George Rogers

Cloyne: the Pipe Roll of 1364 and Bishop Swafham

Coastal beacons from Baltimore to Sheep's Head

Cogan barony of Kinalea transferred to Desmond

Consecration of twelve bishops at St. Patrick's Dublin

Copinger family burial vault at Christ Church, Cork

Crookhaven manor with court, minerals and sea wrecks

Death of Sir Peter Carew at Ross

Defence of Clonard, Westmeath

Douglas cemetery grave of Rev. Canon Hayman

Dowr river's subterranean course and lake near Castlemartyr

Duhallow principality of Mac Donough

Earl of Cork dies in Youghal during 1641 rebellion

Engraved cross slab discovered in Kilcrea Abbey nave

Fire and Rebuilding of Blackrock Castle

Inchiquin settlement by Norman, English, Welsh and Danish tenants

Irish name origins and charter history of Kinsale

Iron works and deforestation at Araglin

Kanturk Castle ruins and Mac Donough residence

Kilbritton castle seized by Mac Carty Reagh

Kilbritton manor restored to Lords Kingsale

Kinalea anciently Insovenagh, granted to Fitz-Martin in 1208

King Henry VIII injunction for election of Bishop of Cloyne and Cork, 1536

Kingston College endowed for reduced gentlefolk

Little high castle by the Key, possibly Round Tower

Macroom castle: ancient origins, burning and rebuilding

Monanimy ruined church and Knights of St. John preceptory

Oak wood near Cariganass repeatedly cut and regrown

Rath Barry, now Castlefreke

Rebels cut off near Roundwood and routed at Clohogue

Rescues by lawless fellows in Doneraile town

Revenues of Ballybeg Abbey enlarged

Rochfordstown and the Rochford lordship

Seventeenth-century silver gilt chalice and patens at Midleton

Silver collar given to Mayor of Cork for Desmond wars

Sir Philip Perceval and Burton peerage

Skiddy's Castle built 1445, used as gunpowder magazine

Sortie from Gorey against rebels at Hill of Ballymanane

St. Anne's church built on Shandon foundation