An historical account of the plantation in Ulster at the commencement of the seventeenth century, 1608-1620

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Rathmullan castle and abbey on Lough Swilly

   Rathmullan · town · Donegal · 1608

   A 1608 description places a castle and abbey called Ramullan (Rathmullan) on a point of land along Lough Swilly, noted as MacSwyne of Fanad's chief country house. Five miles further up the lough stood Ramelton castle on the river Lenan.

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   Swilly : — " From the entrie of the Lough [Swillyl until you come to a point of land a little short of Ench [Isle of Inch], there is neither castle nor fort, but then upon a jojmt of lande is a castle and an abbey called Ramullan [RathmuUan] — MacSwyn O'Farre's [Fanaid*s] chiefe country house. Fyve myles above Ramullan there is a castle of Hugh McHugh DufTe's [O'Donnell], called Ramalton [now Ramelton], standing upon the Lannan [river Lenan], which falleth in Lough Swilly — Hugh Duffe's own house. Three myles above Ramaltan, upon the Lough syde, in a baye, is the abbey of Kil O'Donnell, in Hugh McHugh Duffe*s countrey — here dwells only fryers. Five myles above Kil O Donnell there is a ford, passable at low water, wherein hath sometime bene a fort, called the Farcet [Fearsad] of Soloughmore. Three myles from this ford, towards Birt, standes an abbey called Ballaghan, over against Kil O'Donnell ; here dweU Fryers. Three myles from Ballaghan, towards Birt, is a poynt of lande which runs fan* into the Loughe, where hath bene a strong fort, but nowe broken downe, and is called Dimboye ; here dwells Shane MacManus Oge [O'Donnell]. Dunboyne and the point of lande whereon Birt standeth maketh a baye, m the bottome whereof stands an old fort, called Cul mac Tryen; this was wont to be held by [The] O'Donnell. From Cul mac Tryen runs a bogg three myles in length, to the side of Lough Foyle ; in the midst of the bogg is a standing lougne with a fort on the side of the loughe called Bonneber f Bun-aber], where Alexander McSorlie was slain. At the end of this bogg to Lough Foyle syde is the fort of Caigan ; here [at Bun-aber] dwells O'DonnelFs mother [Inendubh MacDonnell, see pp. 130, 228]. Three myles above Cargan stands a fort called McGwyvelin [Mongevlin], uppon the river of Loughfoyle — O'Donnell's mother's chief house. Above McGwyvelin, four myles up the river of Loughfoyle is the Liffer ; here dwelt [The] 0*DonneU. Four myles above the Liffer stands Castle Fcne [Finn]— Niall Garve's [O'DonneU's] house. Four myles above Castle Fene is a fryers*]; house called Drumboy. Three myles above Drumboy stands a fort called H I

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 206

2. Religious house at Moneysterlin founded by O'Lynns

   Annagh and Moneysterlin · townland · Derry

   The name Moneysterlin is a corruption of Mainistir-ffhloinn, derived from a religious house founded here by a chieftain of the O'Lynns. The lake of Loch-inis-O'Linn is partly in the townland of Annagh and Moneysterlin.

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   Although Slievegallon was hardly so uninviting to the travellers, it held out little hope of a practicable road or passage, by which they could reach Limavaddie in any reasonable time. This mountain, situate in the parish of Lissan and nearly four miles north-west from Moneymore, forms at once the commencement and highest portion of that chain which extends north by west to the sea at Magilligan Point The road by Desert-Linn, however, although leading through woods and wilds, was level and had at least one rare attraction for Chichester and Bodley, as conducting them to the celebrated lake-dwelling of Loch-inis-0'L)mn, on which they had determined to erect a fort for the protection of the coming settlers in that district. The planning, and in part building, of the fort, may have jMrobably, indeed, occasioned the delay mentioned by their chronicler, whom we have quoted above. The site of this fort occupied that of an old Irish dwelling on the island in the lake. Bodley was famous at fort-building, and his skill seems to have thoroughly secured this place against assault, when occupied by a sufficient force. In 1641, it was held by Shane O'Hagan ; and such, even then, was its strength, that the Irish leader now named was able to bid defiance to a party of English who assailed the little island-fortress with cannon on two occasions. The lake is partly in the townland of Desertmartin and partly in that of Annagh and Moneysterlin, the last name being a corruption of Mainistir-ffFhloinn^ and derived from a religious house founded here by a chieftain of the OXynns. (See Colton's Visitation^

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 131

3. Rent remission for Newtown Castle and Strabane after O'Dogherty's revolt

   near Strabane · town · Tyrone · 1608–1610

   Neal O'Neal was granted a two-year rent remission for the castle of Newtown, the town of Strabane, and five ballybetaghs of land, beginning at Hallowtide 1608 after the revolt and killing of O'Dogherty. The remission was partly to content the principal gentry and keep idle followers from committing outrages during dangerous times.

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   To Captain Tirlagh ONeoTs brother, Neal O'Neal, for the rent of the castle of Newtown, town of Strabane, five ballybetaghs of land, with the rents of so many tenants as fed 600 cows on the said land, which formerly paid rent to his Majesty, and was remitted to him [Neal O'Neal], viz., for two years beginning from Hallowtide, 1608, being after the revolt and killing of the traitor O'Dogherty, and ended at Hallowtide, 1610, at 120/. stg./^rd!;ixf2^m ... ... 240 o o

   .S» Cormac M^Baron (see p. 63), for so much remitted in part of his rent due to his Majesty for two years, ended at Hallowtide, 1609, towards the payment of his charges in the Castle of Dublin, and to help to bear his charges into England ; as also to the Lady, his wife (see p. 179), after his departure, for their relief ... ... ... 90 o o

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 199

4. Restoration of Derry Cathedral site to the Bishop

   near Derry · city · Derry

   The commissioners reported that the site of the cathedral church of Derry, which had been complained about, was never passed in any book and was restored to the bishop along with all his demesne and mensal lands and all rents and duties issuing out of the herenagh lands. The same course was to be followed for other bishops, though possession of herenagh lands was deferred pending the King's further pleasure regarding the plantation.

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   (17). Accordingly, — The commissioners reported, in reference to this article of instruction, as follows : — " The site of the cathedral church of Derry (whereof complaint was chiefly made), was never passed in any book, the possession of which is now restored to the bishop, together with all hb demesne and mensal lan^ and all the rents and duties issuing out of the herenagh lands. The like is to be done to other bishops, but the possession of the herenagh lands was forborne to be delivered till the King's pleasure was further known in regard of the plan-

   tation. Among the State Papers is a curious and valu* able document, headed Particular Questions concerning the Plantation^ and containing also the Answers in the

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 108

   As the companion tells it

   The road brings you through Derry. In the early seventeenth century, commissioners reported on the site of the cathedral church here. Complaint had been made about it, chiefly. They found that the site was never passed in any book. Possession of it was restored to the bishop, along with all his demesne and mensal lands, and all rents and duties issuing out of the herenagh lands. The same course was to be followed for other bishops. But the herenagh lands themselves were not delivered yet. That was deferred until the King's pleasure was further known, in regard of the plantation.

5. Royal warrant dispute over Balline in Portlough precinct

   Portlough · townland · Donegal · 1611–1612

   Alexander Maccaula complained in 1612 that Sir Ralph Bingley, sheriff of Donegal, refused to execute a warrant granting him possession of Balline (later Ballylawn) in Portlough, hindering his plantation efforts.

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   which could not appear so on the general survey, yet this abbey was formerly passed to Sir Ralph Bingley, in fee, and by him sold to [the earl of] Tirconnell, and by him [the earl] forfeited again, and never since passed to any ; so the King may grant it to the undertaker, and to him it must be maintained ; and if Sir Ralph have any promise from the Crown, he must be otherwise satisfied, which is to be further considered, for Sir Ralph has been a man of good merit and service in those parts.** It would seem that the quarrel here mentioned was not settled until the King himself was appealed to. In April, 16 12, a King's letter was addressed to Chichester stating that "Alexander Maccaula of Durling complains that in April, 161 1, he obtained his Majesty's letters to Sir Arthur Chichester, and that pursuant thereto he [Chichester] directed a warrant to Sir Ralph Bingley, then high sheriff of the county of Donegal, to put him, the said Alexander Maccaula, into possession of the portion of lands called Balline [Ballyochan, and afterwards Ballylawn], within the precinct of Portlough, according to the tenor of the King's letter, granted to him as a British undertaker. That, nevertheless, the said Sir Ralph Bingley refuses to execute the said warrant, and to give him possession of the quarter of land called Monaghlin, parcel of the said Alexander's proportion, the said quarter being at this present wrongly in the possession of the said Sir Ralph Bingley (as the King is informed), whereby the said Alexander and such people as he carried over hither for the plantation and inhabiting of the said proportion of land are disappointed of the most commodiousplace for their plantation, to their great loss and hindrance. He [Chichester] is, therefore, to call both parties before him, and if he shall find the right to the said parcels to belong to the said Alexander Maccaula, he is to put him forthwith into possession ; but if to Sir Ralph Bingley, then he is to try to conipound the matter between them ; and if he cannot effect this by their mutual consent he is to certify the state of the cause to him [the King] to learn his pleasure." Maccaula must have got possession of the disputed lands soon after the date of this letter on terms that he failed to observe, — at least to the satisfaction of Lady Bingley, who, after her husband's death, complained that she had been wrongfully dealt with in the matter.

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 419

6. Sir John Vaughan governor of Londonderry

   Derry · townland · Derry

   John Vaughan survived the reported attack and was afterwards knighted, admitted to the Privy Council, and appointed governor of the city of Londonderry. His daughter Sydney married Sir Frederick Hamilton, whose representatives became the Viscounts Boyne.

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   (224). Vauffhan. — A Mr. Fox, writing from Dublin to Salisbury, in May, x6io, mentions a report then in circulation "of the killing of Captain John Vaughan, the Sheriff of the county of Dunnagall, by a Scotchman, upon a sudden falling out between them." There were many Scotchmen crowding into that region at the date referred to, who would have made short work with English sheriffs, had circumstances required the practical use of the dirk ; but whatever happened in the case talked of, Vaughan survived, and was destined to enjoy still greater wealth and more distinguished honours than he had then' attained. He was afterwards created a knight, admitted a member of the Privy Council, and appointed governor of the city of Londonderry. His daughter and heir, Sydney Vaughan, married Sir Frederick Hamilton, youngest son of I>ord Paisley, who followed his brothers to Ulster in the year 1620, and whose representatives became the Viscounts Boyne. See IjfAgt^ Peerage^ edited by Archdall, vol. v., p. 174.

   324

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 265

7. Sir Owen O'Gallagher detained prisoner in Tyrconnell despite safe conduct

   Donegal · town · Donegal

   During the Lord Deputy's journey into Tyrconnell, Sir Owen O'Gallagher came to him on promise of safe conduct, not to be taken farther than Donegal. Despite this, Sir Owen was detained prisoner ever since, which caused the then O'Donnell to become fearful of the State's promises.

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   " 13. When the lord deputy made a journey into Tireconnell (after the said Hovendons overthrew the Spaniards), Sir Owen OToole [O'Gallagher], knight, came to his lordship upon his word, and he promised (as by witness shall be proved) not to take him any farther than Donnigall, being ten miles from the said Sir Owen's house, where the lord deputy then was, which was not performed, for that Sir Owen is detained prisoner ever sithence, though he had done good services. This has made the now O'Donnell to be most fearful (47).

   ** 14. These dealings have caused the earl to fear his life in coming to the State and to bring in any other. '

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 38

8. Sir Toby Caulfield surrenders lands to the Londoners

   near Coleraine · town · Derry · 1612–1613

   Sir Toby Caulfield freely surrendered his lands in Coleraine barony—which included Glasgort, Mullaghmore, Gwymore, Coolecrow, Guybegg, and Tullaghard—to the Londoners as claimed under the Articles of plantation. The King commended him for this dutiful conformity and appointed him a privy councillor.

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   Coleraine Co. [barony of Coleraine], the grange and lands of Agheavy, called Glasgort, Mullaghmore, Gwymore, Coolecrow, and Guybegg, one ballilx>e each ; and Tullaghard, one sessiogh. These names differ considerably in form from the denominations mentioned in this complaint of the Londoners, but they are intended to de* signate the same lands. They were surrendered freely by Sir Toby to the Londonders, which so pleased the King that he wrote to Chichester in the following terms : — ** In consideration of the dutiful conformity the King has found in Sir Toby Caulfield, in surrendering up at his [the King's] request, his lands which were claimed by the Londoners as theirs by the Articles of plantation ; and of having heard him generally so well reported of, both for his ability in his profession, which is arms, and for his carefulness in the administration of the civil afiairs of the counties of Tyrone and Armagh, with which he has been principally entrusted since the departure of the fugitive traitors from thence, his Majesty thinks him well worthy of the libeial testimony of his services given by him [Chichester] and the council of Ireland. Since his [Sir Toby's] coming over his Majesty has had speech with him touching the state of the plantation, and the King's other affiurs there, and has received full information and satisfaction from him. And Sir Toby being now on his return into Ireland, his Majesty wishes him to be admitted as a privy councillor, and authorises him [Chichester] to give him the customary oath. Westminster, 13th Feb., 1612-13."

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 343

9. St John reports on Londoners' labour troubles at Derry

   near Derry · city · Derry · 1610

   Sir Oliver St John wrote to Salisbury in April 1610 reporting that Londoners' workmen at Derry were ill-chosen, refused to work, and demanded greater wages. The natives spread word that the Londoners would not make continual habitation among them.

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   On the 2ist of April, Sir Oliver St John wrote his impressions to Salisbury, in substance, as follows : — " Considering the King's disposition for the plantation of Ulster, and the many worthy persons engaged in that business, thinks it right to inform his Lordship what he hears of the proceedings of the Londoners in their plantation. After the arrival of Gaye [Gage] (54), who came over first, there arrived six or seven score at Deny, with some overseers ; more have followed since. Men, for the most part, ill-chosen for workmen, and such as were engaged at low rates before leaving London, upon presumption of extraordinary plenty of all things in that place. Many of them refuse to work, and the rest demand greater wages. Besides, the overseers are without money to pay them, which causes their works to stay, and the reputation of their action is much impaured in opinion, especially among the natives, who give out that the Londoners are not men that will make continual habitation among them. The territories that the King has bestowed upon them are so large, and his gift of beneficial privileges so bountiful, that it ought to encourage them to go on with their undertakings by furnishing their works and workmen liberally, and in time with money, tools, materials, and chiefly victuals. For the new plantation will cause a general scarcity of victuals and other necessaries in these places far beyond that which was heretofore, when those countries were rarely inhabited, and had not such great use for them.

   Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 327

10. William Stewart's settlement in Donegal

    Donegal · town · Donegal

    William Stewart, from the parish of Maybole in Ayrshire and sometimes called Dunduff, settled on his proportion of land in Donegal. He gathered sufficient means to establish himself there.

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    (150). Dunduff, — William Stewart came from the parish of Maybole, in Ayrshire. The family to which he belonged were sometimes called Dunduff and sometimes Stewart Although styled a laud, he was perhaps not more than able to gather up as much means as enabled him to settle on his proportion in Don^al. The little estate of Dunduff was sold to a family of the Whitefords. See Paterson's Families of Ayrshire, vol. ii., p. 354.

    (151). Glangarnocke, — This undertaker, whose circumstances had become desperate in his own land, was the ei^teenth in descent from Sir Edward Cuningham of Kilmaurs and Mary, a daughter of the High Steward of Scotland, living at the close of the 13th centuiy. Sir

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 240

11. Cavan described as populous and warlike with O'Reilly septs

    Cavan · town · Cavan · 1608–1610

    Chichester describes Cavan as a spacious, populous county whose people are hardy and warlike, dominated by the O'Reilly surname across multiple septs often at odds with one another. He recommends dividing the county to break clan dependency and ensure the people depend on the King rather than Irish lords.

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    (98). Tht Natives, — ^These natives, who were very numerous in Cavan, became more troublesome to manage than the project-makers supposed. Their removal from Ulster could not even be attempted, and they claimed freeholds in the lands that had belonged time immemorial to their clan. In his ' Notes' sent to London, Chichester refers to the matter as follows: — "The Cavan is a spacious and laige county, very populous; and the people hardy and warlike. The chief ot them are the O'Realyes, of which surname there are sundiy septs, most of them cross and opposite one unto another. By the division and separation among themselves, the whole county, which heretofore made their dependency upon the chief of the sept, may, with the more facility and assurance, be divided into parcels, and disposed to several freeholders, who, depending immediately upon the King, will not fear or obey their neighbours [their fonner Intimate superiors], unless some one or two be made so powerful as to overtop and sway down the rest ; and, therefore, care must be in the settlement of this country* that the greatest part of the people have their dependency immediately upon the Kii^ and as little upon the Irish lords as may be without apparent hindrance to the plantation and settlement of that country." The deputy seems to relent a little in reference to the principu O'Reilly, named Mulmorie [the name is now Mytes], who was likely to come to the wall in the scramble in conseqnence of so many natives urging their claims as freeholders, accordii^ to the deputy's account, but in reilitj because his patrimony was about to be handed over to

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 96

12. Admiralty and wreck rights from Ballyshannon to Olderfleet

    Ballyshannon · town · Donegal · 1609

    The City of London received the office of admiralty of the county of Tyrconnel and Coleraine, with rights to all royalties and profits, including the right to keep their own ships and goods wrecked at sea along the coasts, ports, and creeks between Ballyshannon and Olderfleet.

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    16. That the City shall have the office of the admiralty of the county of Tyrconnel. and Coleraine, and all the royalties and profits thereto belonging^ and shall have their own ships and goods which shall happen to be wrecked at sea, in Ballishannon and Olderfleet, and in all the coasts, ports, and creeks between them, saved to themselves.

    1 7. That the City shall have the liberty of fishing and fowling upon all the coasts, as all other subjects have [/>., so far as the grant includes of the coast], and that it shall be laiivful for them to draw their nets, and pack their fish upon any part of the coast they fish upon, and carry the same away, and that they have the several fishings and fowlings in the city of Deny and town and county of Colraine, and all the lands to be undertaken by them, and the river of Ix>ughfoile, as far as it flows, and the Ban as far as Loughneagh.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 313

13. Archbishop of Armagh's demesne lands and Irish tenants

    near Armagh · town · Armagh · 1609

    A commission of 1609 found the Archbishop of Armagh possessed about 26 towns as mensal or demesne lands, with perpetual rents and duties out of 160 more towns across the county. The Irish tenants on these lands held by hereditary custom of tanistry and gavelkind, and the Lord Primate could not remove them at pleasure.

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    (4). Of Armagh, — Davys, in his Abstract of Titles ^ says: — "And now, by virtue of a commission taken at Annagh, 12th of August, 1609, to inquire of the ecclesiastical lands in that and other counties, and to distinguish the same from the lands of the Crown, it is foimd that the Archbishop of Armagh is seised, in right of his archbishoprick, of 26 towns or thereabouts, as of his mensal or demesne lands, and that he ought to have certain perpetual rents and other duties oift of 160 towns more (which are not found to be termon or herenach lands) lying in several territories of this countv, but the tenants thereof beine now Irish, are found to have been l^eritors thereof time out of mind, according to the Irish custom of tanistry and gavelkind ; and that the lord Primate could not remove the said tenants at his pleasure."

    (5). Bagnall, — See p. 115. Davys, in his Abstract^ states that seven towns lyi^ i^ O'Nealan, parcel of the possessions of the abbey of Newiy, were granted to Sir Nicholas Bagenal and his heirs." 4 Edward VI.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 126

14. Ballyokevan territory and Cookstown district

    near Cookstown · town · Tyrone

    The Ballyokevan proportion encompassed the two Irish territories of Ballyokevan and Ballyoquin, covering all the lands in the district of present-day Cookstown. The plantation map showed plentiful woods, two lakes, and a church located where the town now stands.

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    (116). Ballyokevan. — This proportion included the two Irish territories of Ballyokevan and Ballyoquin, or all the lands in the district of the present Cookstown. On the map there are woods plentifully represented, and also two lakes. A church is placed in the locality where the town now stands.

    (117). Hephtme. — Sir Robert Hepbume was a member of the Aulderstown fiunily of this surname. He appeared first as cautioner for a kinsman, named Alexander Hepbume of Bangla, but he soon afterwards got possession of the above-named lands himsel£ In 1605 this undertaker was lieutenant of the King's guard, and was sent in this capacity to the Isles to receive from their respective owners the castles of Dunyveg in Isla, and Dowart in Mull ; and in order to prevent the escape of the islanders, the inhabitants of Cantire, and the westem isles were ordered, by proclamation, to deliver all their

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 233

    As the companion tells it

    Cookstown is the town you pass through near where the old Ballyokevan proportion lay. That proportion took in two Irish territories, Ballyokevan and Ballyoquin, covering all the lands in this district. A plantation map from the early seventeenth century showed the country here in some detail. Woods were plentifully represented across the land. There were two lakes marked on the map. And a church was placed in the locality where the town of Cookstown now stands. So before the plantation laid out its proportions, this ground already had its woods, its waters, and a place of worship at the heart of what would become the town.

15. Baronies of Armagh surveyed for plantation disposal

    near Armagh · town · Armagh

    A paper recorded the great precincts or baronies of County Armagh available for plantation: Orier (15,500 acres), Oneilan (16,500 acres), Fewes (6,000 acres), and Ardmagh (4,500 acres). Toughranny was pre-occupied by the primate and heirs of Sir Henry Oge O'Neill, while Fewes and Armagh were partially held by the Church and Dublin College.

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    plantation, two others only partially so, and the remaining two yielding but comparatively scant portions of the lands contained in each. In a paper recording the number, names, afid quantities of the great precincts, or baronies "which may be clearly disposed to undertakers," the county of Armagh is represented as standing thus : — "Orier, 15,500 acres; Oneilan, 16,500 acres; Fewes, 6,000 acres ; and Ardmagh, 4,500 acres." The barony or precinct of Toughranny was pre-occupied, being held in part by the primate in virtue of his archbishoprick, and by the heirs of Sir Henry Oge O'Neill The barony of Fewes was only partially available, being held to a considerable extent by the Church, and by Sir Tirlagh McHenry O'Neill. The same may be said of the barony or precinct of Armagh, the lands therein being largely in possession of the Church and Dublin College.

    On Friday, the 1 2th of August, was held the inquisition which was to distinguish more clearly than any previous investigation had done the temporal and ecclesiastical lands of Armagh, and to decide according to sufficient evidence, the controversy between the Crown and the Church as to the rightful ownership of the termon and herenagh lands. The commissioners present on this occasion were Sir A. Chichester, the Archbishop of Dublin, the Archbishop of Armagh,' Sir Thomas Ridgeway, Sir Humphrey Winche, Sir Oliver St John, Sir Oliver Lambert, Sir Garrett Moore, Sir John Davys, and William Parsons, surveyor-general. It was rather remarkable that the Bishop of Deny, who was mainly interested in the question of the termon lands, was absent; but he afterwards made his appearance when the commissioners were traversing his own diocese. The jurors, appointed to assist the commissioners, were selected, with one exception, from the leading septs or families of the county, their names being as follow : —

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 124

16. Bishop of Clogher leases townlands to Lady Wemyss

    near Clogher · town · Tyrone · 1620

    After the commission's valuation, the Bishop of Clogher was obliged to surrender two additional townlands to Lady Wemyss and grant a 60-year lease, with lands worth £70 per annum and soon let at over £100 yearly. Captain Mervin later claimed two of those townlands as his heritage, prompting Lady Wemyss to seek another letter missive from the Lord Chancellor.

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    Drumconys, in the barony of Omey^ The said lease and reversion thereof doth of right belong unto the children of Sir John Weymes aforementioned." {^Inquisitions of Ulster, Tyrone, (2) Tempore Interregni). By the foregoing fragmentary paragraph nangs a curious story. Although the Galbraiths, —agents for the Bishop of Clogher, — were pardoned for the slaying of Sir John Wemyss, the sheriff of Fermanagh, in a riot commenced by the latter (see pp. 511, 512), yet the bishop himself did not escape scot free. Sir John Wemyss had left his wife and three children altogether without means ; but as the lady was a daughter of Lord Balfour, she was soon able to enlist the sympathies of several influential friends, who moved the King to interpose on her behalf. The arbitrators in this affair were Lord Dupline, the Scottish chancellor. Lord Adam Loflus, the Irish chancellor, and Lord Conway, the Secretary of State. Their decision was made on the 17th June, 1628, which decision was, in substance, "that the Bishop of Clogher, in whose cause and by whose servant the said Sir John Wemyss was slain, should pay unto the lady 100/., and make her a lease of fifty or sixty years, of lands to the clear value of 50/. per annum ; or in default of such a lease, by a certain time should pay her 600/." The bishop on being required to furnish the lady with a "list of such lands as were worth 50 pounds by the year, made her divers offers of lands both in the county of Monaghan and Fermanagh, but none of them would be accepted. At last, after eight week's attendance these lords onlered her to accept of some lands in the county of Tyrone offered her by the bishop, providing they were found in value worth 50/. per annum, for trjrafl whereof a commission was sent forth out of the High Court of Chancerie, and directed to Lord Cawfield, Sir Andrew Stewart, Sir Heniy Titchboume, who called the tenants of the lands before them at Agher, and examined them upon oath of the value of the lands, which they found to be better than 50/. yearly." After the matter was supposed to be settled, the bishop was obliged to surrender to Lady Wemyss two additional townlands, and to give a lease for 60 years, the whole lands being worth 70/. per annum, and soon afterwards let at upwards of 100/. yearly. But the lady was not done with the bishop even yet. "One Captain Mervin [a cousin of the second Earl of Castlehaven], carrousing with the Lord Bjdfonr, gave out that two of the townelands leased by the bishop of Clogher to his [Balfour's] daughter was his [Mervin'sJ heritage. Upon this report the lady ran to the Lord Chancellor, and had one other letter missive to the Bishop.** When the latter went to Dublin in obedience

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 447

17. Brantry as refuge of woodkern outcasts

    near Brantry · population centre · Tyrone · 1608–1620

    Brantry in Tyrone, once densely wooded and part of the parish of Aghaloo, was inferred to be a favourite haunt of the woodkern — dispossessed outcasts who lived in the woods and were targeted by colonial authorities for thefts and robberies.

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    Tyrone, and comprised in the parish of Aghaloo. It was once densely covered with wood. ^^Ohanion's [Orier] is for the most parte without wood/* says Bagenall ; but Chichester correctly states that "the lower part of Orier" was wooded, which it certainly was, in his time. ' ' Oneylan, " says Bagenall, is likewise a woode lande betwene Ardmache and Clancann. " Thus, the statement about woods, in Chichester's note, is amply borne out by Sir Henry ihfigenairs Description, and might be further confirmed by other early authorities. See Ulster ymmal of Ar* ciaolcgy, vol., iu pp. 149-152. Brantry, in Tyrone, we may safely infer was a favourite haunt of the unhappy outcasts known as woodkeme. About five miles southwest of Dungannon, and three mUes east of Camteel, in the bosom of an almost perfect amphitheatre, surrounded

    there, to aid the undertakers to the uttermost of their power, in defence of their lands and goods.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 289

18. Brian O'Neill fostered in Kinel-Fagartaigh, now Kinelaity

    Kinlough · town · Leitrim

    A well-known chieftain named Brian O'Neill was called 'Brian Fagartach' because he was fostered in Kinel-Fagartaigh, a territory now known as Kinelaity. This illustrates the ancient Celtic custom of fosterage which gave chiefs epithets tied to the places of their upbringing.

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    or the places to which they had been sent in youth tor this puxpose. Thus, Shane O'Neill was known as Shane D<nmUaugh<i from faaviag fostered with a family of O'Donnellys ; Turlough O'Neill of Strabane was called always Turlough Lidneach^ from fostering with the O'Looneys ; another Turlough O'Neill was nicknamed Brassilagh, because he was fostered in ClanbraSsills a well-known chieftain named Brian O'Neill was called Brian Fagartaeh from being fostered in Kinel-Fagartaigh, now Kinelaity; and Nial O'Neill, brother of Con mst Earl of Tyrone, was known as Nial OmaHaeh^ because, he was fostered in TTyrconnell. For illustrations of the customs of fosterage, see Hill's Historical Account of the MoicdmneUs ofAntrim^ pp. 27, 33, 54.

    234 THE PLANTATION IN ULSTER.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 184

    As the companion tells it

    Kinlough was once known by another name, Kinelaity, and before that as Kinel-Fagartaigh. In old Ireland, a chieftain often took his foster-name from the place where he was raised. Brian O'Neill was one of these. He was called Brian Fagartach because he was fostered in Kinel-Fagartaigh. The same custom gave other O'Neills their names. Shane O'Neill was called Shane Donnelly from fostering with the O'Donnellys. Turlough O'Neill of Strabane was always Turlough Lineach from fostering with the O'Looneys. Another Turlough O'Neill was nicknamed Brassilagh because he was fostered in Clanbrassil. And Nial O'Neill, brother of Con, Earl of Tyrone, was known as Nial of Tyrconnell because he was fostered there.

19. Castle of Lemavadie on the Roe, last O'Cahan residence

    near Limavady · town · Derry · 1542

    The castle of Lemavadie stood on the River Roe at a short distance from the present town of that name. The Four Masters mention Leim-an-mhadaidh ('the Dog's Leap') at 1542 as one of O'Cahan's castles; it gave name to the old barony of Lymavadie, now Keenaght, and was the last residence occupied by the O'Cahan chiefs.

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    (5). Lemavadie, — This castle stood on the Roe, at a short distance from the present town so called. ** Leiman-mhadaidh is mentioned by the Four Masters, at 1542, as one of O'Cahan's castles. The name signifies *the Dog's Leap." (See Colton^s Visitation, edited by Dr. Reeves, p, 129). This position must also have been one of early importance, as it save name to the old barony of Lymavadie, now Keenaght It was the last residence occupied by the O'Cahan diiefs.

    (6). Downgevyne. — Dr. Reeves states that "Dungivin and Glengivin may be latinised 'Munitio pellium* and 'vallis pellium,' and it is a curious coincidence to find them both, a thousand years after they received these names, accidentally granted to the Skinners^ Company ^^ See Cotton* s Visitation, edited by Dr. Reeves, p. 41.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 292

20. Castle of Mountjoy on Lough Chichester described

    near Mountjoy · population centre · Tyrone · 1611

    The Castle of Mountjoy beside Lough Chichester was a stone and brick castle covered with slate and tile, begun in Queen Elizabeth's time and finished by King James. It was compassed by a strong earthen rampart with ditches and bulwarks, and housed Sir Francis Roe's foot company.

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    ^^The Castle of Mountjoy^ upon Lough Chichester, beside the old fort, wherein are many inhabitants both English and Irish, together with Sir Francis Roe's foot Company. Here is a fair Castle of stone and brick, covered with slate and tile, begun in the late Queen's time, and finished by his Majesty. It is compassed about by a good strong rampier [rampart] of Earth, well ditched and flanked with bulworks. In this castle Sir Francis Roe, the constable, and his family dwell." Carew's Report in 1611].

    CXLV. 1,800 Acres.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 456

21. Cavan inquisition jurors give evidence on termon lands

    Cavan · town · Cavan

    Fourteen jurors at the Cavan inquisition provided detailed sworn testimony on the origin and nature of termon lands, describing how hermits originally received land from temporal lords for religious purposes, and how these lands later came under episcopal protection with the roles of corbe and herenagh.

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    the same subject, and even throwing additional light on the origin and history of these peculiar properties. These facts will be our apology for here submitting the evidence in extenso : — " And touchinge the originall of the termon land, the said jurors doe uppon their oathes finde that before the distinguishinge of parishes in these partes, there were certen religious men, in nature of hermittes, who, sequestringe themselves from all worldlie busines, did severallie retire themselves into private places, where they betooke themselves to praier, and to other godlie actes for the soule's healthe ; and in testimony of their zeale and devocon, every of them for the most parte erected a churche, and that to every of the said religious persons the temporall lordes gave a severall porcion of lande, free for ever, to the intente that the said religious persons should maintaine hospitalitie, praie for the soules' health of the said lordes, and repaire and keepe the said churches, and otherwise to advance the service of God in that place, whereon hee lived ; and that the said religious persons ceaseinge, every one of them made choice of the most sufficient person about, and to that person and his sept he gave his porcion of lande, to be inherited by him and his sept forever, to the same uses and intentes for which the said temporall lordes first gave them to the said religious persons, and that to the said landes weare annexed certen liberties and freedomes, as sanctuarie and the like, for which cause the said lande was called termon, or free and protected lande, and the chiefe tennant thereof in some places called corbe^ and in some places herenagh. And that afterwardes, when the temporall lordes in their severall warres, and uppon other occasions, began to charge and tax the said termon landes, with divers exactions and imposicions, the said corbes and herenaghes fledd unto the bushop of the dioces wherein they lived, and besought his protection against the wronges and injuries of the temporall lordes, and therefore gave voluntarily unto the bushopp a rent or pencion out of theire landes, and sometimes they besought the protection of such of the temporall lordes as they thought would defende them against the rest, and unto such temporall lordes some of the corbes and herenaghs gave certen rents or pencions out of their landes, untill which tyme the bushopp had never anything to doe either with the landes or with the tennants there. But from thenceforthe, the bushopp undertooke the protection of the said herenaghes and of their landes, and in the process of tyme tooke on him a power to confirm every corbe and herenagh in their land, and, upon the alteracion of every corbe or herenagh, to them certen duties whereunto the said corbes and herenaghes voluntarilie yielded, the rather to contynue themselves in the said bushopp's protection, and that the corbe and herenagh was ever to be eleeted by the sept among themselves, and was commonlie the ancientest of the sept, but if the sept could not agree in the election, then the bushopp and whole deigie assembled and did elect one of the same sept, but still the bushopp confirmed and allowed him. And, if the whole sept at any time were extinct, the bushopp could not either detaine the said lande in his owne handes, or dispose them to anie particular person, unless it weare to another sept out of which the new herenagh or corbe is to inherit the said land to the same uses for which it was formerlie given, which the said bushopp could not doe without the assent of the whole clergie, and that then hee could neither alter nor increase his rent or pencion. And, if the corbe or herenaghe, or any of the sept under him, had made a forfeiture of any parcel of the said land, that came not to the bushopp, but was partable among the rest of the sept; and that the difference betwixt a corbe and an herenagh is

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 147

22. Charlemont fort commands the Blackwater passage

    near Charlemont · village · Armagh · 1608

    The castle or fort of Charlemont stands on a height overlooking the Blackwater, commanding the ancient and celebrated passage of that river. During the commissioners' march northward in August 1608, they passed by Charlemont and encamped three miles from Dungannon, preferring the vicinity of Charlemont where there was a strong garrison.

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    but the other seven-eighths now rich wheat-bearing land, in good cultivation. The castle or fort of Charlemont is 5^ miles north-west from Armagh, and nearly five south-east from Duneannon. It stands on a height which overlooks the Blackwater, and effectually commanded the ancient and celebrated passage of that river. As the commissioners encamped three miles from Dungannon, they evidently preferred the vicinity of Charlemont where there was then a stroi^ garrison, although O'Neitl's old castle at Dungannon had been converted into a iidlitary post after his flight, and now contained a ward or smau garrison also.

    (12). Preseroedn — These old divisions are well known from a survey made of Tyrone, in 1591, at tiie urgent solicitation of Hugh O'Neill. (See p. 29). Now, when

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 127

    As the companion tells it

    Charlemont stands on a height overlooking the Blackwater, and its fort effectually commanded the ancient and celebrated passage of that river. It sits about 5 miles north-west from Armagh and nearly 5 south-east from Dungannon. In August 1608, the commissioners marched northward and encamped three miles from Dungannon. They evidently preferred the vicinity of Charlemont, where there was a strong garrison. O'Neill's old castle at Dungannon had been converted into a military post after his flight, and it contained a ward or small garrison also. But Charlemont, on its height above the river, was the stronger position, and that is where the commissioners chose to make their camp.

23. Derrygonnelly mansion seat of Montgomery and Dunbar families

    Derrygonnelly · village · Fermanagh

    Hugh Montgomery's grandson, also named Hugh, resided at a seat called Derrygonnelly near Derrybrosk, having married the granddaughter and heiress of Sir John Dunbar. Derrygonnelly was the chief mansion-house of Sir John Dunbar's estate, and stood at or near the site of the present village of that name in the parish of Inismacsaint, about seven miles north-west from Enniskillen.

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    (49). One Hugh Montgomery. — This settler prospered in worldly affairs after his coming to Fermanagh. The author of the Montgomery Manuscripts has the following notice of himself and his family : — " He was in esteem with our two first viscounts [of Ards] as being come of Braidstane, and his Coat Armoriall is the same with the beareing of the old lairds of Braidstane, with the distinction of a Cadet, but the kindred I know not ; the coat is the same with Bishop George. ... Sr. James Montgomery [nephew of the bishop], when he courted his 2nd lady [Margaret, Sir Wm. Cole's daughter], stayed several nights in this Hugh's house; and the morning he was Bridegroom, went from thence, being attended by him and many Montgomerys (his tenants, all well-mounted), of which surname I saw near one hundred living within the 12 tates of Derrybrosk, when I was ther. ' When William Montgomery was there, he stayed at the house of this Hugh's grandson, also named Hugh, and residing at a seat called Derrygonnelly, near Derrybrosk, and having for his wife the granddaughter and heiress of Sir John Dunbarr. This lady had brought him as her dowry Sir John Dunbar's estate, of which Derrygonnelly was the chief mansion-house. (See Montgomery Manuscripts, p. 389.) The original residence, Derrybroske, was situate in the southern district of the parish of that name, and is now superseded by a much larger and handsomer house, the seat of a family named Deering. The grounds are beautiful, and distant about four miles south-east from Enniskillen. The Derrygonnelly mansion stood at or near the site of the present village of that name, in the parish of Inismacsaint, and about seven miles north-west from Enniskillen.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 168

    As the companion tells it

    The village of Derrygonnelly, in the parish of Inismacsaint, stands about seven miles north-west from Enniskillen. A mansion once stood at or near the site of the present village, the chief mansion-house of Sir John Dunbar's estate. A settler named Hugh Montgomery prospered after his coming to Fermanagh. He was held in esteem by the first two viscounts of Ards, being come of Braidstane, and his coat of arms was the same as the old lairds of Braidstane, with the distinction of a cadet. The author of the Montgomery Manuscripts wrote that "the coat is the same with Bishop George." Sir James Montgomery, nephew of the bishop, when he courted his second lady, Margaret, daughter of Sir William Cole, stayed several nights in this Hugh's house. On the morning he was bridegroom, he went from there, attended by Hugh and many Montgomerys, his tenants, all well-mounted. William Montgomery wrote that he saw near one hundred of that surname living within the 12 tates of Derrybrosk when he was there. When William Montgomery visited, he stayed at the house of Hugh's grandson, also named Hugh, residing at a seat called Derrygonnelly, near Derrybrosk. The grandson had for his wife the granddaughter and heiress of Sir John Dunbar, who brought him Sir John Dunbar's estate as her dowry. Derrygonnelly was the chief mansion-house of that estate. The original residence, Derrybroske, stood in the southern district of the parish of that name, and is now superseded by a much larger and handsomer house, the seat of a family named Deering, about four miles south-east from Enniskillen.

24. Dispute between Bishop of Derry and Sir Thomas Phillips over Derry island

    near Derry · city · Derry

    A fierce controversy raged between the Bishop of Derry and Sir Thomas Phillips concerning the island of the Derry during the commissioners' sojourn. This was described as perhaps the only unpleasant controversy the commissioners had to deal with during their proceedings in Ulster.

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    article refers exclusively to the claims that were beinf; made by natives ; but this 13th article in the second sa' of Instructions, as expressed in the text, evidently had in view certain bitter controversies that even then had appeared among the English in Ulster themselves ! The answer of the commissioners affirms that ''there hath been no order or decree made for the decidinc; of any titles, but every man's title is reported in the book of cases, neither did there arise any occasion of compounding for any." Perhaps the only unpleasant controversy the commissioners had to deal with during their sojourn was a rather fierce one which raged between the Bishop of Derry and Sir Thomas Phillips, as we shall see, about the island of the Derry.

    (17). Accordingly, — The commissioners reported, in reference to this article of instruction, as follows : — " The site of the cathedral church of Derry (whereof complaint was chiefly made), was never passed in any book, the possession of which is now restored to the bishop, together with all hb demesne and mensal lan^ and all the rents and duties issuing out of the herenagh lands. The like is to be done to other bishops, but the possession of the herenagh lands was forborne to be delivered till the King's pleasure was further known in regard of the plan-

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 108

25. Enniskillen chosen as shire town and visited by plantation commissioners

    near Enniskillen · town · Fermanagh · 1609–1611

    Enniskillen was selected to be the shire town of Fermanagh. The commissioners of plantation visited it in 1609 and noted how its old castle was warded. Carew provided an account of the town in 1611.

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    Enniskillen, chosen to be the shire town in Fermanagh, 109 ; visited by the commissioners of plantation in 1609, 179; its old castle how warded, ib.\ Carew's account of in 161 1, 481.

    Eoghan, Owen, or John, son of Niall the Great, 1 1 ; repairs the palace of Aileach, ib. ; conquers and appropriates the territory called from him Tir-Eoghan, or Tyrone, ib. ; dies of grief on hearing of his brother's death, 12 ; is buried at Iskaheen, ib.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog

26. Government proselytising of natives around Derry

    near Derry · city · Derry

    Great efforts were made by the Government to proselytise the natives, especially in and around Derry, in the hope that conversions there would encourage others throughout Ulster to follow. The system of threatening was abandoned in favour of bribery, with Bishop Babington as the principal agent.

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    (6$). With the fuw colony, — Great efforts were being made by the Government at this time to proselytise the natives, especially in and around Derry, as it was supposed that if they could be drawn from tne old faith, others throughout Ulster might be the more easily induced to foUow their example. The system of threatening in this

    20. Granted, with this caution, that it be distributed to the issue male of Sir Henry Oge and their heirs. His Majesty's warrant for this purpose is procured and sent herewith. See grants, pp. 318, 319.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 335

27. Hamilton leases lands to native Irish as yearly tenants

    Cavan · town · Cavan · 1618–1627

    John Hamilton let small quantities of land, ranging from a gallon to a pole, to native Irish tenants including members of the McClery, McComen, O'Reilly, McGauran, O'Halton, O'Unshie, and McGrogan families. They held as yearly tenants rather than under long leases, in contrast to the settler leases of 7-21 years granted on the same estate.

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    of three-fourths of the pole called Knocknelosty ; John Wyllie, who, on the 15th of April, 1627, got a lease, for 21 years, of the pole called Killnecrewe ; John Musgrave, a lease dated May 1, 1618, for 21 years, of the pole called Ralaghan ; John and Patrick Fenlay, a lease for 7 years, from the 12th of May, 1620, of the pole called TuUylurkan ; Robert Taillor, the pole of Latsiboulgidan, for the term of his natural life, from the 9th of April, 1619 ; John Deanes, the pole of Rouskie, for a term of 7 years, from the 1st of May, 1620 ; and Oliver Udney, the 3 pottles of the pole of Cran, for a term of 5 years, from the 1st of April, 1621. Hamilton also let lands to the following natives; as yearly tenants, holding quantities varying respectively from a gallon to a pole of land, viz.. Coll McOwen more McClery, Cohonoght [Cuconaght] McComen, Tirlagh McShane O'Reilly, Manus McGauran, PhUip O'Halton and Hugh O'Reilly, Tirlagh McEdmond Oge O'ReUly, Coll and Ferrall O'Unshie, Tirlagh OXin^ie, Owen McHugh O'Reilly, Philip McGrogan, and Gilleice Oge O'Reilly.

    (14). Supremacy. — ^This statement appears to be flatly contradicted by the inquisition already quoted, which states that "neither the said Alexander Davison, Jennett^ his wife, Alexander Henderson, nor the said sevexal other' persons before-mentioned did take the oath of supremacy, and soe the said John Hamilton the provisoe and oon<&- tion [on thb point] did breake, whereby the said manor and lands unto the said late King James, his heirs and successors, did escheate and come." {Inquisitions of Ulster, Cavan, (18) Car. I.) John Hamilton, according to the conditions of 1626, obtained a re-grant to him and his heirs forever, of the small proportion of Kilcloghan, in the barony or precinct of Clanchie. These lands were erected into a manor, to be called the manor of Coranery alias Hannesborough ; with power to create tenures, to hold court leet, court baron, free warren, park, and chase, pursuant to the conditions of the plantation, July, 29, 5^ [1629]. See Morrin's Calendar, p. 478.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 365

28. Inch Island as O'Dogherty's prime estate

    Inch Island · electoral division · Donegal

    Inch Island is identified as the best part of O'Dogherty's estates. Its position and extent are described, along with how it could be reached.

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    Inch, island of, the best part of O'Dogherty's estates, 62 ; position and extent of, 104 ; how reached, id.

    Incumbents, their glebe lands, how provided, 91; the number of acres set apart in Tyrone, 94; selling their incumbencies, 128; the King's letter reprobating this traffic, id.; 'note' of the number of acres allott^ to, 213, 418.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog

29. Kinelarty: McCartan territory between Kilwarlin and Lecale

    near Kinelarty · barony · Down · 1585

    Kinelarty, anciently known as Cinel-Fagartaigh or 'Race of Fagartach,' was the territory of the Macartans, named from a descendant of Ross, a king of Uladh in the third century. In 1585 their chief was Acholic McCartan, who could call out a goodly number of soldiers and was disposed to join Sorley Boy against the government before the Earl of Tyrone brought them into subjection.

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    (34). ArCartan^s Country. — This was the present Kinelarty, and anciently known as Cinel-Fagartaigh^ or ** Race of Fagartach," the tribe name of the Macartans, — Fagartach, from whom they derived it, being a distinguished descendant of Ross, a king of Uladh in the third century. Kinelarty lies between Kilwarlin and Lecale. In 1585 their chief was Acholic McCartan, who was able to call out a goodly number of soldiers, and disposed to join Sorley Boy against the government ; but the earl states above that he had brought the Macartans also **into subjection."

    (35). 0 Hanlon^s Country, — O'Hanlon's country was originally Oneilan, so called from Niallan, a chief descended from one of the three Collas ; he was progenitor of the O'Hanlons, and his territory, Ui Niallan, or Oneilan, was theirs also, as his representatives, although in more modem times they occupied the adjoining territory of Orior, (See p. 8.) To this latter the earl above refers. At the time when he brought it into subjection, its chief was Sir Oghie O'Hanlon, who had married one of the earl's sisters.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 35

    As the companion tells it

    The road passes through or near the barony of Kinelarty. In ancient times this land was known as Cinel-Fagartaigh, meaning the Race of Fagartach. That was the tribe name of the Macartans who held the territory. Fagartach, the man from whom they derived the name, was a distinguished descendant of Ross, a king of Uladh in the third century. The territory of Kinelarty lies between Kilwarlin and Lecale. In the year 1585, the chief of the Macartans at that time was a man named Acholic McCartan. He was able to call out a goodly number of soldiers, and he was disposed to join Sorley Boy against the government. But the earl, the Earl of Tyrone, states that he had brought the Macartans also "into subjection."

30. Lisgoole Abbey ruined during war against Hugh O'Neill

    Lisgoole · townland · Fermanagh · 1601

    Lisgoole Abbey, a religious house founded on the western shore of Lough Erne in 1106 and serving as the family burial-place of the O'Neill line, was laid in ruins by the English during the war against Hugh O'Neill. It remained in that condition until partially restored in 1631.

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    (24). Among the dead. — This lady's family burial-place was Lisgoole, a religious house founded on the western shore of lough Erne, by one of her ancestors, so early as the year 1 106. But the abbey of Lisgoole, although so ancient and sacred as a place of sepulture, had been laid in ruins by the English during the war against her son Hugh O'Neill, and in that condition it remained until partially restored in the year 1 631. She, therefore, sought a last resting-place in the celebrated abbey of Donegal, which very soon afterwards shared the fate of Lisgoole, being seized and occupied in the autumn of 1601 by a native force in alliance with the English, who had landed at Derry under Sir Henry Docura in the spring of the preceding year. One of the forty friars who then occupied Donegal abbey has left in Latin the following account of its original founding : — ** It was in the year 1474, when the Franciscans were holding a Drovincial chapter in the monastery of Ross-Rial, uiat Nuala O'Connor, daughter of O'Connor Faily, one of of the most powerful of the Leinster princes, and wife of Hugh Roe O'Donnell, came, accompanied by a brilliant following of noble ladies, and a goodly escort of Kerne and Galloglass, to present an humble memorial

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 26

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here stands what is left of Lisgoole Abbey, a religious house founded on the western shore of Lough Erne as early as 1106. It was built by an ancestor of the O'Neill family and served as their burial place for generations. The abbey was ancient and sacred, a house of the dead, but it did not survive the war against Hugh O'Neill. The English laid it in ruins, and in that broken condition it remained for decades, until it was partially restored in 1631. Because Lisgoole was destroyed, O'Neill's mother could not be buried there. She sought a last resting place instead in the celebrated abbey of Donegal. But Donegal shared the fate of Lisgoole before long. In the autumn of 1601 a native force in alliance with the English seized and occupied it. Those English had landed at Derry under Sir Henry Docura in the spring of the preceding year. At the time, forty friars occupied Donegal abbey. One of them left an account of its founding, writing that in 1474 the Franciscans were holding a provincial chapter in the monastery of Ross-Rial when Nuala O'Connor, daughter of O'Connor Faily and wife of Hugh Roe O'Donnell, came with noble ladies and an escort of Kerne and Galloglass to present a humble memorial.

31. Manor of Lowther created with market and fairs on Lurg lands

    near Lurg · barony · Fermanagh · 1630

    In 1630, Sir William Parsons and Sir Adam Loftus obtained a re-grant of the proportions of Nakemy and Drumnshin in the barony of Lurg and Coolmckeman, with a free fishery in Lough Erne. The lands were created into the Manor of Lowther, with rights to hold courts, free warren, park and chase, a weekly Tuesday market, and two annual fairs on May 1 and August 15.

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    (105). Necam. — This proportion was at first owned by Edward Ward, gent, and its name was generally written » Nakarney^ or Nakama. Warde's patent was dated May 13, 161 1, and on the 7th of June following, he sold out to Edmund Sutton, the son and heir apparent of Harrington Sutton of Kallam, in the county of Nottingham, for the term of 1,000 years. (See Inquisitions of Ulster, Fermanagh, (15) Car. I). On the 28th of June, 1630^ a re-grant was obtained by Sir WiUiam Parsons and Sir Adam Loflus, their heirs and assigns for ever, as undertakers of the province of Ulster, of two small proportions, viz., the small proportion of Nakemy, containing 1,000 acres, and the small proportion of Drnmunshin, containing 1,000 acres, in the barony of Lurg and CoolmcKeman, with all the lands thereto belonging, and a free fishery in the lake or water of Lough Erne. To be held, as of the castle of Dublin, in free and common socage. All the lands are created into a manor to be called the manor of Lowther,

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 396

32. Mansfield land disputes with Davys and Russell

    Killygordon · town · Donegal · 1611

    Captain Mansfield had disputes with Sir John Davys and Captain Russell over quarters of land including Muckall, Carricknebanna Con, and Loughtecarrolan. Carew adjudicated that each must hold their several quarters without being encumbered by Irish rumours blown up to kindle contention.

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    (188). Mansfield, — Se« p. 272. In 161 1, this undertaker had more than one dispute on his hands, his antagonists being Sir John Davys and Captain Russell, both neighbouring planters. The land was the cause of their controversies, and Carew endeavours to explain the circumstances, though not very intelligibly, as follows : — "i. Killnafi;uerdan, containing one quarter belonging to Captain Mansfield, of which there are 100 sessocks [sessiaghes] held by the Bishop of Deny, — as is said in the country, — for two sessochs given m exchange by a former bishop to the then lord of that barony, to build Castlefinn upon. The said Captain Mansfield desires Uiat he may have two sessocks, or the two sessocks whereon Castlefinn stands. This is found by the surveys [of 1608 and 1609], to be a quarter, and must be so accepted by the patentee, which mav be fiirlher examined by the commissioners. 2. Muckall, containing one quarter, now occupied by Sir John Davys, who says it is granted to him by his letters patent of a great proportion in the county of Tiione. I find no mention of this in Sir John Davy s differences, and, therefore, I think Captain Mansfield doth but fear reports. 3. Carricknebanna Con, one quarter challenged and occupied \sy Captain Russell, ailing he had it granted unto him by the name of Carricknemanno, and that it is so called by the country, notwithstanding that Captain Mansfield hath a non obstattU in his patent for misnaming and misredtal, and that the said patent was passed before Captain Russell's, and that the said land joins on other of Captain Mansfield's. Captain Mansfield is the first patentee, and must hold possession; and if upon examination, to be taken by Sir Richard Hansard and some other neighbour to be trusted and authorised by you, it may appear that Captain Russell hath no other quarter by or near that name, then, if he want so much, you may be pleased to abate him so much rent, so as the King shall be at no loss, being paid for but one quarter if there be more. 4. Loughtecarrolan, containing one quarter, whereof Captain

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 428

33. Raphoe endowed with school and bishop's palace

    Raphoe · town · Donegal

    Funds originally intended for a free school at Donegal were redirected during the reign of Charles I to found a school at Raphoe, endowed with over 11,000 acres of arable, pasture, mountain, and bog land. The Bishop of Raphoe also had his palace built in the town.

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    (63). Schoolmaster, — This contemplated seizure and conversion of the old monastery into houses for protestant prelates and schoolmasters was a project of Montgomery, which no one else ever seems to nave thought of. The commissioners here spoke as inspired by him, but the Bishop of Raphoe had his palace built at the town so called ; and, as the school, which was intended for Donegal, was eventually fixed at Raphoe also, the old religious house at Donegal, originally founded by the beautiful and spirited Nuala O'Conner, in 1474, was permitted to crumble away in peace. The ruins may still be seen on the magnificent bay below the town, and consist now only of a number of small arches supjported by pillars, and two narrow p^t^sages coveted with stones, which are apposed to have been places, for seoretjng valuable articles in times of rapine an^-war. It is curious that in the very yeai [1608], when thi? ' Project' was being drawn up for plantation purpose^ an Irish Frsinciscan friar had returned from Louvain t6 visit the various monasteries of his order in Ireland, and to collect as much as possible of their history^ This friar, whose name was Mobney, had been a sojourner in the monastery of Donegal during several years prior to 1 601, and in his subsequent exile on the continent, he drew up an account of its vicissitudes. From his chronicle we quote the followiiig passage, referring principally to the position of this rp^pus lioiise : — "The site, indeed, was happily chosen, and nothing could surpass the beauty of the prospect which it commanded. Hard by the windows of the refectory was the wharf, where foreign ships took in their cargoes of hides, fish, wool, and linen cloth ; and there, too, came the galleons of Spain laden with wine and antiB, in exchange for* the merchandize* which the lords of Tyrconnell sent annually to the Brabant marts, then the great emporiums fdr the north of Europe. In sooth it was a lovelv spot, and sweetly suggestive of holy meditations. In tne calm days of. summer, when the lupad expanse of the estuary lay still and unruffled, mintwing in its bluie depths the overcanopying heaven, was It not a fair image of the unbroken tranquility and peace to which the hearts of the recluses aspired ? And m the gloomy winter nights, when the great crested waves rolled m majestic fury against the granite headlands, would not the driving storm, wreck, and unavail- « ii^ cry of drowning mariners, remind the inmate of that monastery that he had chosen the safer part, by abandoning a world where the tempest of tibe passions wreaks O

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 89

34. Seizure of Magheramorne by Sir Henry Bagnall

    near Magheramorne · population centre · Antrim

    Magheramome was formerly the name of a barony. It was violently seized by Sir Henry Bagnall during the period of the plantation.

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    Magheramome, ancieitly the name of a barony, 48 ; violently seized by Sir Henry Bagnall, ib,

    Magheryboy, barony of, its acreage, parishes, and villages, 204 ; precinct of, 303 ; grants in, ib,

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog

35. Settlers ruthlessly destroy old woods of Loughinsholin

    near Loughinsholin · barony · Derry

    The plantation settlers had ruthlessly cut down all the fine old woods in the barony of Loughinsholin, provoking a great reaction in public opinion that led to men being praised or blamed according to their cultivation or clearing away of trees.

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    number of trees scattered about Mrs. Downing's house at Rose-Gift ; and, at the old castle of Bellaghy, some fine old timber revives the idea of former and belter times. Trees are also flourishing on the demesne of Ballyscullion. Mr. Spottiswood has planted with good success at Bellaghy. His farming inclosures are thriving and wellpreserved, and his example is valuable in that neighbourhood. Near to Portglenone, Mr. Ellis of InnisnisH, and Mr. Courteney of Glen-Owen, have respectable residences and plantations. There are some improvements of the same nature at Moyagney." (See Memoir of the Charts pp. 255, 256). The settlers had ruthlessly cut down all the fine old woods on the barony of Loughinsholin, and there afterwards came a great reaction in public opinion on this matter, so great that men were praised or blamed according to their cultivation or clearing away of trees. The Irish Society, of course, did not approve of the Vintners' sale of their lands. The Society continues, however, occasionally to talk at the purchasers of companies* lands, on the pages of their reports. Thus, of the Vintners, in 1838, the Society says: — **\Veare sorry to say the parties to whom this proportion belongs are very inattentive to their duties. The complaints of the inhabitants of the neglect of the parties by whom the land is possessed to their interests, are bitter, loud, and long. They appear quite regardless of the morals or comfort of the tenantry, nor does there appear to be any anxiety displayed to carry out the object of the Settlement. If the Vintners' Company were warranted, which we very much question, in transferring their lands to the management of others, it is quite clear they cannot divest the present proprietors of the responsibilities and claims with which they are charged, and which are so clearly defined by the charter. The lands were conveyed, not for the paltry purposes of gain, but for the promotion of the Protestant religion, and civilization of the inhabitants by education, &c. In this state of things it is clearly the duty of the Society, as governors of the Plantation, to call the Vintners' Company, or the parties holding under them, to account for the gross mismanagement and neglect of this proportion." See Report, 1838, p. 39.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 496

36. Sir George Hamilton's timber house and Scottish families in Strabane precinct

    near Strabane · town · Tyrone · 1611

    Sir George Hamilton built a good timber house 62 feet long and 30 feet wide on his proportion of land in the Precinct of Strabane. He brought over Scottish families who built themselves a bawn and good timber houses, with 80 cows and 16 garrons among them.

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    ["Preanct of Strabane. The Earl of Abercorne, chief undertaker, has taken possession, resident with lady and family, and built for the present near the town of Strabane some large timber houses, with a court 116 foot in length and 87 foot in breadth, the grounsells of oaken timber, and the rest of allor [alder] and birch, which is well thatched with heath and finished. Has built a great brew house without his court 46 foot long and 25 foot wide. His followers and tenants have, since May last, built 28 houses of fair copies ; and before May, his tenants, who are all Scottishmen, the number of 32 houses of like goodness. Is preparing materials for building a fair castle and a bawn, which he means to put in hand for the next spring. There are 120 cows in stock for his own use. Sir Thomas Boyde, Knight, has a proportion of land, is resident with his wife and family ; is providing material for building. Sir George Hamilton, Knight, a proportion of land, resident with his wife and family. Has built a good house of timber for the present, 62 foot long and thirty foot wide. He brought over some families of Scots, who have built them a bawn and good timber houses, 80 cows and 16 garrons among them. Sir John Dumonde [Drummond] Knight, 1,000 acres ; appeared in person, took possession, and has one Scottishman, 2 garrons and a mare. James Clapham, 1,000 acres ; resident, prepares to people his land, competent store of arms in readiness James Hayge, 1,500 acres ; has not appeared, nor any for him ; nothing done. Sir Claude Hamylton, Knight, 2,000 acres ; has not appeared, nor any for him ; nothing done. George Hamilton, 1,000 acres; has taken possession, is resident, making provisions for building." Carew's Report in 161 1].

    CXXHL 1,000 Acres.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 438

37. Sir William Stewart's harsh policy in Kilmacrenan punished in 1641

    Kilmacrenan · town · Donegal · 1611–1641

    Sir William Stewart received grants in Kilmacrenan and was reported on by Carew in 1611. His harsh policy towards the native Irish was punished during the 1641 rebellion, suggesting local resentment against his plantation-era conduct.

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    ', Sir William, grant to, in Kilmacrenan, 322, 323;

    notice of, id.; Carew's account of in 161 1, 522 ; his several lands, 533 ; names of his British tenants, 545 ; his harsh policy towards the natives punished in 1641,

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 500

38. Stewart acquires Tirenemuriertagh proportion in Strabane barony

    near Strabane · town · Tyrone · 1613

    In 1613, James Haig surrendered his 1,500-acre proportion of Tirenemuriertagh in the barony of Strabane to Captain William Stewart. Stewart's lands were subsequently erected into the manor of Tirenemuriertagh with a 600-acre demesne.

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    stone, was already built, containing an apartment suitable either for a munition house or a prison, just as circumstances required. This &ct impressed the King with the conviction that Stewart could manage more than one small proportion of the escheated land, and that he de« served to be put in to the possessionof more, at the earliest opportunity. In pursuance of this royal conviction, the King soon afterwards required his deputy, Chichester, to accept a surrender from James Haig of a middle proportion of 1, 500 acres, called Tirenemuriertagh, in the precmct or barony of Strabane, and to grant it to Captain Stewart, with all concealments belonging thereto. The latter was forthwith — ^July 7, 1613, — made a free denizen and li^ subject of Ireland by patent, empowered to enjoy the privileges of a native and true bom subject thereof; which patent also granted and conGrmed to him the said proportion of land, together with several additional parcels, containing 500 acres in the said barony, thus granting him 2,000 acres, in addition to the original x,ooo acres in Kilmacrenan. His lands in Strabane barony were erected into the manor of Tirenemuriertagh^ with a demesne of 600 acres ; and the lands in Kilmacrenan were erected

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 264

39. Stewart's purchase of lands in barony of Omagh

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1638

    In 1638, Sir William Stewart purchased extensive additional lands in the barony of Omagh from George Arundel and his wife Mary. His successors became Viscounts Mountjoy and Earls of Blessington, though the family is now extinct.

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    into the manor of Stewards Fori, with a demesne of 300 acres. He continued so to accumulate and increase his stores that in June, 1629, he was able, as an Ulster undertaker, to accept the four additional proportions — containing 1,000 acres each — of BallyneconoUy, Ballytravill, Newton, and Lislapp, together with 140 acres of concealed land. The two former proportions, viz., BallyneconoUy and Ballytravill, were erected into the manor of Mount' Stewart \ and the two latter, viz., Newton and Lislapp, into the manor of NnthStiwarion, now better known as Newtonstewart, with free warren, liberty to empark 600 acres in each manor, and all other usual privileges. In the year 1630, this Scottish captain, who had now become Sir William Stewart, obtained a grant, in conjunction with Sir Henry Tichbume, of all the rents, profits, and forfeitures of sundry lands in Ulster, which had been forfeited because of being set to the Irish, contrary to the provisoes in the renewed patents of the undertakers, to be held during pleasure, towards satisfaction of all arrears of pay due to them and* their soldiers, from the Crown, since their tTichbume's and Stewart's] employment in Ireland, until Michaelmas, 1629. And, finally, Sir William Stewart, in 1638, purchased from George Arundel, of Omagh, and Mary, his wife, extensive additional lands in the barony of Omagh. He thus laid his foundations broad and deep, his successors becoming Viscounts Mountjoy and Earls of Blessington. But this family is now extinct.

    (223). Crawjord, — This undertaker belonged to a Scottish family, which had settled in Donegal at the time of Inneenduv Macdonnell's marriage. These Crawfords had sen-ed in various capacities, not only the then lately deceased Earl of Tyrconnell, but his brother, Hugh Roe O'Donnell, and their father, Sir Hugh. This captain Patrick Crawford appears to have entered the English military service cordially, and at an early age, although the other members of the family adhered to the old Irish party in the North. His father, Owen, or John Crawford,

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 265

40. Temple More Cathedral Church at Derry

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1164

    Temple More, or the Cathedral Church, was erected at Derry in 1164 and was 90 feet in length. It was located outside the present city wall on the ground now occupied by a Roman Catholic chapel and cemetery.

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    (51), Relighus houses, — The island of the Derry was occupied in early times by buildings exclusively of an ecclesiastical character, but of these structures not a vestige now remains. The most venerated among them was the church of St. Columba, the original position and form of which are described by O'Donnell, a prince of Tirconnell, who, in his days of seclusion, wrote a life of the saint, about the year 1520, when his church, although then in ruins, was still to be seen at Derry. Referring to the locality of this ancient building, O'Donnell says : — ** Many other signs and miracles were wrought by this servant of Christ [St. Columba] in the same place, in which he himself dwelt for a long time, and which he loved above every other ; and particularly that beautiful grove \Poiret '*the dense oak wood*] very near the monasteiy of Derry, which [the grove] he wished should be always left standing." Next to St. Columbus church in importance was that other adjoining it, and known as Temple More^ or the Cathedral Church, erected in 1164. The Annals of Ulster inform us that Temple More was 90 feet in length, and that the principal front and comer stones employed in its erection were prepared in forty days. *' These two churches, with the accompanying buildings, were situated adjacent to each other outside the present city wall, on the ground occupied by the Roman Catholic cnapel and cemetery ; but with the exception of the round-tower belfry, were partly destroyed by an explosion of gunpowder in 1568, and Anally by Docwra in 1600, for the purpose of employing their materials in the new works he was erecting. This tower survived till after the siege [1690], being marked on the maps or plans of that time as the ' Long Tower or Temple More ;' its site is still indicated by a lane called the Long Tower. In the charter of Derry it is called Colum-kille's Tower." Next came the Nunnety, which must have been built much earlier than the sixteenth century, — the date generally supposed, — ^as the building is mentioned at the year 1 1 34 by the Four Masters, who record the death of Bebinn, the daughter of MacConchaille, female erenach

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 324

41. Warders garrisoned in Dungannon Castle after Flight of Earls

    near Dungannon · town · Tyrone · 1607

    Immediately after the flight of Tyrone in 1607, Captain Edmond Leigh, high sheriff of county Tyrone, placed 20 warders in Dungannon Castle for 42 days ending 6 November 1607. The castle had been commenced as a 'fair house' by the Earl of Tyrone around 1593, and lead procured for its roof was converted into bullets before the outbreak of war in 1596.

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    Captain Edmond Leigh, deceased, late high sheriff* of the county of

    Tyrone, for the pay of 20 warders put into the castle of Dungannon

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 202

    As the companion tells it

    After the flight of Tyrone in 1607, Captain Edmond Leigh, high sheriff of county Tyrone, placed 20 warders in Dungannon Castle. The Earl of Tyrone had begun it as a fair house around 1593. Lead meant for its roof was made into bullets before war broke out in 1596.

42. Captain William Stewart's fort at Kilmacrenan

    Kilmacrenan · town · Donegal · 1618–1619

    Captain William Stewart, as a servitor, built a fort or bawn of lime and stone with two flankers on his 1,000-acre proportion in Kilmacrenan. The structure included a munition house or prison, a court of guard, and a centinel house, with curtains ranging from 8 to 16 feet high.

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    [" Precinct of Kilmacrennan [including Doe and Fawnett]. Captain William Stewart has built upon the proportion of 1,000 acres allotted him as a servitor, a fort or bawn of lime and stone, with two flankers. Under one is a room either for a munition house or a prison, and upon that a court of guard, and above that an open 'feight,' and in the outmost part thereof a centinel house, one curtain 16 foot high, and two others 12 foot high, and the other 8 foot high, whereupon he intends to erect a stone house. Has built three houses English fashion, and is in hand for more,

    (198). Called Monester, — ^The survey has this name ManisUr, and defines it as comprising Caraonen, one qoarter ; Argirie, one quarter ; Monyn, one quarter ; Manister, j^ quarter ; Ballyarrall, one quarter ; Levallycasdane, yi quarter ; Magherrereagh, one quarter ; Drombane, one quarter ; and 5/» parts of the quarter of Altagilla. Sir Wm. Barnes sold this proportion in part to William Wilson, and partly to Sir John Kingsmill. The estate of the latter was known as the manor of Achyrin and Manister. [Inquisitions of Ulster, Donegal, (11) Car. L ; see also p. 272). The lands of Achyrin, or

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 433

43. Londoners refused to share barony of Loughinsholin

    near Loughinsholin · barony · Derry · 1612

    The Londoners caused trouble by utterly refusing to surrender or share the barony of Loughinsholin with the servitors. They were also charged with selling timber, setting lands at exorbitant rents to natives, and gleaning about 2,000l. without adequate outlay in planting.

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    In the noisy discussions which marked the early days of the Ulster plantation the Londoners had a prominent place, and indeed their career generally, as colonists, in this northern province, has been, with only some short intervals, a stormy ona Their first troubles arose principally from jealousies between themselves and the servitors, fomented by various circumstances, but chiefly because they had utterly refused to surrender, or even share the barony of Loughinsholin with the latter, and had besides been charged with adopting a too grasping policy, considering that the servitors had consented to meet their [the Londoners'] wishes on certain territorial questions already mentioned In truth, the Londoners seem, from the very commencement of their career, to have required sharp watching, for it soon became apparent that they had gone into this colonising transaction only with the one real object of self-aggrandisement. There were already statements afloat on all sides of their selfish mal-practices, their selling timber, setting their lands at exorbitant rents to the natives, and gleaning up even at their very arrival about 2,000/., without anything like an adequate outlay in planting their towns and territories generally. Among these statements, several of which were very soon committed to paper,, one in particular occupied a prominent place, and although it appears to have been forwarded anonymously to the Government, it bears decided internal evidence of being an emanation of Sir Thomas Phillips's brain. The document in question was prepared evidently about the close of 161 2, and its purpose, as the contents sufficiently indicate, was to keep the authorities on the alert about the doings and non-doings of the

    or Scotland without permission ; but the undertakers few instances, — ^for the sufficient reason that they found

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 340

44. Cavan town and castle in the plantation scheme

    Cavan · town · Cavan · 1606–1608

    Chichester visited Cavan in 1606 and described it as a poor town seated among small hills in the barony of Loughtee. The castle, originally belonging to the O'Reillys, was allotted 250 acres for maintenance but was allowed to fall into decay after the plantation began. The town was made a corporation and received 250 acres of land.

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    (95). Cavan, — The castle at this place originally belonged to the O'Reillys, but not being required as a fort after the commencement of the plantation, it was permitted to fidl into decay. When Chichester visited the place, in 1606, he reported that "in this county there is a poor town beanne the name of the Cavan, seated betwixt many small hills, but the barony in which it stands is named Loghtie [Loughtee], and the best in the county, being one of the four designed to Sir John O'Realey, and the fittest to be reserved in his Majesty's sole disposition for bringing it to a civil county.' Although Sir John's son feU fighting for the government at the great battle of the Yellow Ford on the Blackwater, his grandson was removed from Longtee to a less genial district to make way for British undertakers. See p. 60.

    (96). CloMghcuter, — ^The remains of this gnm old castle, also built by the O'Reillys, are still to be seen. It was held as a fort by the government only until the plantation of the county of Cavan was completed. It

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 95

45. Lough Eske as O'Donnell's chief storehouse for war

    near Lough Eske · street · Donegal

    Lough Eske, located three miles above Donegal town, served as O'Donnell's chief keeping and principal storehouse for military operations. This highlights its strategic importance in the O'Donnell lordship of Tír Chonaill.

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    Ballakit— here dwells Donnell Gallocar [O'Gallagher], one of O'Donnell's chief counsellors. Ten myles above Ballakit is Loughfene [Finn], upon the ry ver Fene [Finn], where the ryver hath his first head. Four myles westward from Ballakit is Bamesmore. From Bamesmore to the castle of Beleek, that stands upon Lough Erne, is twelve myles. From Beleek to Ballashanan is three miles — here dwells McO'Dongonrye [Rorie, son of O'Donnell). From Ballashanan to the Abbey of Asheroe, to the seawards, is one myle; inhabited by monkes. From the Abbey of Asheroe to the Abbey and Castle of Dunagall, is nine myles. Here is a good haven, and the ryver Eske falls into it Three myles above Donas;all is Lough Eske, O'Donnell's chief keeping — O'Donnelrs chief storehouse for the warr. Over against Donagall, two myles on the other syde of the water, stands O'Boyle, where the ships used to ride — O'Boyle's chief house. Seven myles from O' Boyle, to the seaward, is a castle called McSwyn O'Bane's [Bannagh's] Tower. From this place to the haven of CalboyXKillybegs] is three myles — here dwells Seneschal McGonell. Four myles from there stands the castle of Bromoyle, in the lower end of the countrey — here dwells Hugh boy McSwyne O'Bane's [McSwyne Bannagh's] brother. From thens four myles is a small haven called Cometillen. This haven devydes McSwyne O'Bane's countrey and O'Boyle's. At the lower end of O'Boyle's countrey is a castle called Kilmirrish — here dwells the Bishop of O'Boyle. Next to that castle is the haven of Bonabbar. This haven parteth O'Boyle's country and McSwyne O'Doe's. And next to that is the haven Cono^rhen, with a castle so called ; this is McSwyne O'Doe's chief house. The next haven to this is Red haven, which parts McSwyne O'Doe's countrey and McSwyne O'Fane's [Fawnett'sJ. By the syde of this haven is the castle of Menryee, a castle of McSwyne O'Fanet's. Small boats may come from the Red haven to the castle — here dwells Alexander McDonologhe. The midland of TirconneU is inhabited by the sept of O'GaUocars." See Ulster yaumal of Arckoeology^ vol. v., pp. I41-143.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 206

46. O'Reilly clan division and beeve exaction in Cavan

    Cavan · town · Cavan · 1590–1607

    English influence estranged the leading O'Reilly families in Cavan towards the close of the sixteenth century. John O'Reilly was knighted and made 'Queen's O'Reilly,' but commissioners assigned him excessive lands, leaving other families landless. Sir John Perrott's government then established a yearly exaction of 220 fat cattle from Cavan farms, rigidly enforced.

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    {66), Yearly. — The two items of beeves and com, thus so essential to Chichester, in maintaining 'the port of his estate,* were, from that time, supplied to him in a simpler and better form. The beeves had been forcibly collected firom the people of Cavan for many years, and the imposition would have no doubt gone on for man^ years longer, but that the interests of the plantation m that county required that it should cease, — at least to be inflicted in the old style. The leading families of the great O'Reilly clan were estranged from each other by English influence towards the close of the sixteenth century. John O'Reilly, the representative of the principal branch, appealed from his kinsmen to the authorities m the Pale, who willingly espoused his quarrel, and had him at once knighted and constituted the * Queen's O'Reilly. ' They next appointed commissioners to go into Cavan and settle the oisputes between him and his kinsmen. But the commissioners' mode of settlement had only the effect of making ''the concision worse confounded, by assigning an unduly ex-

    35. For the beeves he shall have 235/. English, being 20^. English the beef; and for the corn of Dunboyne^ estimated at 1,200 pecks, rated $s. the peck, 240/. English yearly (66).

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 339

47. 200 houses and 4,000 acres planned for Derry

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1609–1610

    Under the articles signed 28 January 1609-10, the City of London agreed to build 200 houses at Derry with room for 300 more, and to lay 4,000 acres of adjacent land to the city, including bog and barren mountain as waste land.

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    " Articles agreed upon the 28th January between the Lords of the Privy Council on the King's behalf on the one part, and the committees appointed by Act of Common Council on behalf of the Mayor and Commonalty of the City of London on the other part, concerning a plantation in part of the province of Ulster ; which articles were signed by the Lord Chancellor [Ellesmere], Lord Treasurer [Salisbury], Lord Privy Seal [Northampton], Lord Chamberlain [Suffolk], Earl of Worcester, Earl of Dunbar, Lord Zouch, Lord Knollis, I-ord Stanhope, Sir John Herbert, and Sir Julius Caesar ; and on behalf of the City, by Heiuy Montague, Sir Thomas Lowe, Sir John Jowels, William Cockaine, William Towerson, Nicholas Leate, William Doters, Richard Wright, Martin Freeman, John Brand, George Smithes, William Dies, William Greenwell, John Barrer, William Harrison, William Turner, and James Hodson. i. Imprimis. It is agreed by the City that 20,000/. shall be levied, whereof 15,000/. shall be expended on the intended plantation, and the other 5,000/. for clearing other men's interest in the things demanded. 2. That 200 houses shall be built at the Derry and room left for 300 more, and that 4,000 acres lying on the Deny side next adjacent to the City shall be laid thereunto, bog and barren mountain to be part thereof, but to go as waste to the city, the same to be done by indifferent [impartially chosen] commissioners. 3. That the Bishop and Dean of Deny shall have convenient plots for the site of three houses at the Deny. 4. That Colraine shall be situated on the abbey side [/>., the Antrim, or northern bank of the river], and 100 houses built, and room left for 200 more ; and that 3,000 acres of land shall be laid thereto, viz., 1,000 acres to be taken on the abbey side next adjacent to the town, and, if the King be pleased to erect and maintain a

    THE Londoners' plantation. 385

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 313

48. Assaroe Abbey near Ballyshannon granted to Auditor Gofton

    Ballyshannon · town · Donegal · 1608

    In 1608, the Bernardine abbey of Asheroe (Assaroe) near Ballyshannon, described as having a church and a steeple almost ruinous, a dormitory, and four cottages, was granted to Francis Gofton along with its lands, fishings, and eel weirs on the River Erne. The grant included fishing rights at Ballyshannon bay and the salmon-leap near Ballyshannon castle.

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    (52). Thereunto. — ^A large amount of those lands— at least 14 (quarters — was granted to Auditor Gofton, and sold by him afterwards to Sir Henry Folliott. The grant conveyed to "Francis Gofton, Esq., auditor of the imprests, the late Bemardine abbey or monastery of Ashero^ the site, &c., thereof, one church and a steeple almost ruinous, a dormitorv, four cottages with their backsides, and all other buildings, gardens, &c., in the said site ; the towns and fields of Asheroe, containing 3 acres ; 3 qtuuters of land ; the 4th part and 8th part of a quarter ; parcel and demesne of the said abbey, lying in or near

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 87

49. Bawn and stone house at Donegall by Captain Brooke

    Donegal · town · Donegal · 1611

    At Donegall, a fair bawn with flankers, parapet, and walk on top 15 feet high was found, within which Captain Bassill Brooke built a strong stone house, towards which the King gave him £250. Many families of English, Scottish, and Irish were inhabiting the town, building good copied houses after the manner of the Pale.

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    " Town of Donegall, We found a fair bawn built, with flankers, a parapet, and a walk on the top 15 foot high. Within the bawn is a strong house of stone, built by Captain Bassill Brooke, towards which the King gave him 250/. English. Many families of English, Scottish, and Irish are inhabiting in the town, who built them good copied houses after the manner of the Pale. About two miles from thence Captain Paul Goare [Gore] has erected a fair stone house out of the ruins of O'Boyle's old casde upon the sea side, which he has by direction of the Lords of the Council delivered up to I^ird Broughton, undertaker of those lands ; he demands some consideration for his charges, which we think him worthy of." Carew's Report in 161 1].

    XCni. 1,500 Acres. Peter Benson hath 1,500 acres called Shraghmiclar (183). Upon this there is a Bawne of

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 423

50. Bawn and stone house at Donegal town

    Donegal · town · Donegal · 1611

    A fair bawn with flankers, parapet and a walk 15 feet high was found at Donegal town, with a strong stone house built by Captain Bassill Brooke, for which the King gave £250. Many English, Scottish, and Irish families inhabited the town and built copied houses after the manner of the Pale.

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    " Town of Donegall, We found a fair bawn built, with flankers, a parapet, and a walk on the top 15 foot high. Within the bawn is a strong house of stone, built by Captain Bassill Brooke, towards which the King gave him 250/. English. Many families of English, Scottish, and Irish are inhabiting in the town, who built them good copied houses after the manner of the Pale. About two miles from thence Captain Paul Goare [Core] has erected a fair stone house out of the ruins of O'Boyle's old castle upon the sea side, which he has by direction of the Lords of the Council delivered up to I^ird Broughton, undertaker of those lands ; he demands some consideration for his charges, which we think him wojthy of." Carew's Report in 161 1].

    XCni. 1,500 Acres. Peter Benson hath 1,500 acres called Shraghmiclar (183). Upon this there is a Bawne of

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 424

51. Bawn and stone house in Donegal town

    Donegal · town · Donegal · 1611

    Pynnar's Survey found a fair bawn with flankers, parapet, and a walk on top, 15 foot high, in the town of Donegal. Within the bawn was a strong stone house built by Captain Bassill Brooke, for which the King gave him £250 English.

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    " Town of DonegalL We found a fair bawn built, with flankers, a parapet, and a walk on the top 15 foot high. Within the bawn is a strong house of stone, built by Captain Bassill Brooke, towards which the King gave him 250/. English. Many families of English, Scottish, and Irish are inhabiting in the town, who built them good copied houses after the manner of the Pale. About two miles from thence Captain Paul Goare [Gore] has erected a fair stone house out of the ruins of O'Boyle's old castle upon the sea side, which he has by direction of the Lords of the Council delivered up to I^ird Broughton, undertaker of those lands ; he demands some consideration for his charges, which we think him wojrthy of." CareVs Report in 161 1].

    XCni. 1,500 Acres. Peter Benson hath 1,500 acres called Shraghmidar (183). Upon this there is a Bawne of

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 425

52. Bawn and stone house in Donegal town

    Donegal · town · Donegal · 1611

    Pynnar's survey found a fair bawn with flankers, parapet, and walk, 15 foot high, in the town of Donegal. Within the bawn was a strong stone house built by Captain Bassill Brooke, with the King having contributed £250 towards it. Many English, Scottish, and Irish families inhabited the town, building good houses after the manner of the Pale.

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    " Town of DonegalL We found a fair bawn built, with flankers, a parapet, and a walk on the top 15 foot high. Within the bawn is a strong house of stone, built by Captain Bassill Brooke, towards which the King gave him 250/. English. Many families of English, Scottish, and Irish are inhabiting in the town, who built them good copied houses after the manner of the Pale. About two miles from thence Captain Paul Goare [Gore] has erected a fair stone house out of the ruins of O'Boyle's old castle upon the sea side, which he has by direction of the Lords of the Council delivered up to I^ird Broughton, undertaker of those lands ; he demands some consideration for his charges, which we think him worthy of." Carew's Report in 161 1],

    XCni. 1,500 Acres. Peter Benson hath 1,500 acres called Shraghmiclar (183). Upon this there is a Bawne of

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 422

53. Belturbet town: cage-work houses and British tenants

    Belturbet · town · Cavan · 1608–1620

    A town in the Belturbet area had houses built of cage-work, all inhabited by British tenants, most of them tradesmen. Each tenant had a house, garden plot, four acres of land, and common grazing, with 384 acres allotted and a church to be built.

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    and for that there is allowed 384 acres of Land (44), and to build a Church. In this Town there are Houses built of Cage-Work all inhabited with Brittish Tenants, and most of them Tradesmen, each of these having a House and Garden Plott, with four acres of Land, and Commons for certain numbers of Cows and Garrons.

    XXIV. 2,000 Acres. Rcinald Home was the first Patentee, ^r George Manneringe (45), Knight^ hath 2,000 acres called Lisreagh. Upon this Proportion there is built a Bawne of Lime and Stone, 44 feet long, 12 feet high, with two Flankers ; also a brick House of the same length, and 20 feet high, all very good work and strong. There is also a small Village consisting of seven Houses, all which are inhabited with English Families. I find planted and estated with Brittish Families upon the

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 377

54. Bishop of Derry's termon lands and cathedral church endowment

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1608–1610

    The question arose whether termon lands allotted to bishops should also be shared with deans and chapters. The Bishop of Derry claimed termon lands as given to the church, meaning the cathedral church, which consisted of a bishop, dean, and chapter. It was recommended that portions be distributed to deans and chapters under new foundations modelled on English churches.

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    hand- writing of Davys. The first question is — * * Whether the termon lands are only to be conferred on the bishops, or upon them and the members of their cathedrals?" The Answer, — because it refeis specially to the church of Deny — we give in extenso, as follows : — "Though the Bishop of Deny appropriate all to himself, and that the termon lands are allotted in general terms to the bishops, yet because the Bishop of Derry claims the same only as given at first to the church, and that by the name of the church, the cathedral church is intended, which consists not only of a bishop, but of a dean and chapter, viz., dignitaries and prebends, which make the ecdesiastical council, according to the first institution of bishopiicks, it were fit that some part of that great scope of land which is allotted to the bishops should be distributed to deans and chapters to be newly erected, the rather be< cause the King makes a new foundation, and purposes to set up cathedral churches according to the form of the churches of England. It is fit that a special commission be awarded to assign the portions of the deans and chapters, and that the commissioners be part of the clergy and part of the laity, of special place and credit ; and this course of allotment is no new thing ; for we find it in the book of our law that, upon the first endowments of cathedral churches, the possessions of the bishops, deans, and chapters were entire and undivided, and that afterwards, by consent, the bishops had their portions assigned by themselves, the deans by themselves, and the prebendaries each by himself, whereupon the reason of the law is grounded that none of these can alien their lands without the consent and confirmation of the others. If it be thought fit to unite divers parishes, yet it is not amiss that the glebes should be also united to make the livings more competent for sufficient ministers." The whole ecclesiastical machinery here reconunended was soon put into working order, with suitable means to run it successfully and, as it was believed, permanently. The first result of this arrangement was an order from the council in Lx>ndon, that the Bishop of Derry was to have *' the site of a house, backside, and garden, within the island, and in or near Derry, in such convenient place as may be fit for an episcopal see, and as may stand with the frame of the plot of the citv. The like consideration to be had of the dean, and both to be granted by the King, unless it fall in that place which was their own land before."

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 109

55. Bishop of Derry to plant erenagh lands with Britons

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1609–1610

    The London council resolved that termon and erenagh lands, found to belong to the King rather than the bishops, should be given to the bishops as a free donation. Because 60,000 acres held only by Irish was seen as inconvenient for plantation, the Bishop of Derry was asked to propose how much of those lands he would plant with Britons.

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    " 2. For the termon and erenagh lands it was resolved (albeit they were not found to be the bishops* lands, but the King's), that the bishops should have those lands entirely, as of his Majesty's free donation, whom they are to acknowledge not only as a patron, but a founder in regard to the endowment But because it was conceived by the Lords that a great inconvenience would arise to the plantation if so great a scope of land [60,000 acres] should be possessed only by the Irish without any other civil plantation, the Bishop of Derry was moved to confer with the commissioners, and to propound how much of those lands he would plant with Britons, and upon what conditions.

    " Upon conference, the bishops consented to plant one-third of the erenagh lands with Britons, according to the project ; and if the septs of the erenaghs were not sufficient to manure the other parts, they would also plant the surplusage with Britons, so as his Majesty would give liberty to the bishops to grant leases of those lands for 60 years, but afterwards they are to be restrained from granting any larger estates than leases for three lives, or 2 1 years.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 164

56. Breifne (Cavan) belonged to Connaught in fourth century

    Cavan · town · Cavan · 300–400

    The fourth-century plantation by the three Collas left Breifne unmolested, as the eastern half of Breifne (now county Cavan) then belonged to Connaught. The Collas were commissioned only to invade the portion of the North occupied by the Irian or Rudrician race.

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    The territory held by theClann-CoUasoonbegan gradually to diminish until it eventually included only portions of the present counties of Louth, Armagh, Monaghan, and Fermanagh. It may be worthy of remark, however, that the plantation originally made by the three Collas was about equal in extent to the plantation made so many centuries afterwards by James I./ but different as to boundaries. Thus, the former included the territories comprising the present counties of Louth and Monaghan, but not those comprising the present counties of Cavan and Donegal ; whereas, the latter, or the plantation of the seventeenth century, included Cavan and Donegal, but left out Monaghan and Louth. The movement of the fourth century left Breifne (the eastern half of which now forms the county of Cavan) unmolested, for the whole territory then belonged to Connaught ; the lands now known as the county of Donegal were also unmolested, for they were held by the northern Ui Neill, or Hy Niall ; and the three Collas were commissioned only to invade that portion of the North which was occupied by the Irian or Rudrician race. On the other hand, the planters of the seventeenth century, whilst they had no pretext to assail Louth, which did not then belong to Ulster ; nor Monaghan, which had been already settled somewhat after planter fashion ; laid hold of Cavan and Donegal, because these counties were respectively owned by O'Reillys and O'Donnells, firm friends and allies of the O'Neills, whom James I., the ard-righ on the English throne, was anxious to remove, just as Muredach Tirech, the chief monarch of Ireland, had aimed, by his plantation of the fourth century, at the removal of the Rudrician race, whom he alike hated and feared. And the latter, if he did not exactly carry out his behest in this respect, succeeded in iirmly planting a colony of at least temporary friends, where opponents had formerly dwelt ; a colony, indeed, which grew into a proud and powerful people, so proud, as to be designated the Oirghialla^ * of the Golden Hostages,' because any members of the Clann-CoUa whom they deigned for a time to surrender as hostages into the hands of enemies, could be bound only during the period of imprisonment by golden fetters ; and so powerful, that their kings had the chief seat of honour beside the monarchs of Erin in all grand national assemblages (9).

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 11

57. Chichester's property and fishery at Culmore

    near Culmore · town · Derry · 1609

    Chichester held property at Culmore including a valuable fishery, which the London agents also sought to acquire as part of the plantation settlement. He indicated willingness to surrender it at Salisbury's discretion.

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    speedy plantation. Is sure they have found all things here far better than they expected — Sir Thomas Phillips has been a host, a guide, and a watchman for them in all their travels, which has been as well a charge as a trouble to him ; and which, added to his former services, deserves such recompense as their lordships are accustomed to procure for those that bring so good testimonies with them. If the Londoners go through with the two cities, they must needs have the lands in which he [Phillips] is interested in and near the Derry, and other things about Coleraine, which are now beneficial to him ; and what to demand in lieu thereof, without diving into his Majest/s coffers, which he [Chichester] has advised Sir Thomas to forbear, he knows not ; inasmuch as these agents aim at all the places of profit and pleasure which lie upon the rivers of the Bann and Loughfoyle [there was the rub] ; but he [Chichester] prays God they prove not like their London women, who sometimes long to-day and loathe to-morrow. When they went last from him, they presented certain demands to which he gave them present answer, the copy of which he has delivered to Sir Thomas Phillips ; and if they had anything else to propound, he willed them to do it, but they answered nothing here. Whereby he thinks they depart fully satisfied ; and seeing they now so well affect the matter, he hopes his lordship will take hold of it, and make a speedy conclusion with them ; for the least trouble or storm that shall blow will alter them, as it has done others, of whom he has had experience here. They affect something of his besides Culmore, and the fishing there, which they shall have, as his lordship [Salisbury] shall think fit"

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 304

58. Clonluye withheld from the Bishop of Derry by Captain Brookes

    Clonleigh · parish · Donegal · 1609–1610

    Bishop Montgomery identified Clonluye as ecclesiastical land belonging to the Bishop of Derry but withheld by Captain Brookes. He recommended its restoration to the bishop with recompense given to Brookes elsewhere.

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    was the bishop's fi&rmer, called an eirenach, had another, and the third was allowed for the cure. [Harris, ** having had access to the Inquisition of 1609, should have known that the bishop received no tithes, but that the rector, as well as the vicar, did." Reeves's ColtotCs Visitation^ p. 119.] But Bishop Montgomery, who was the first bishop after the reformation, abolished all these, and gave the whole tithes to the cure [to pay the incumbent], King James I. supporting and forwarding him in it." Two radical changes effected by this arrangement are recommended by Montgomery, as follows : — *^ First, that all Church lands graunted unto patentees under the name of Abbey land, or Termon land, may be restored unto Byshops and Cathedrall Churches, to which they did aunciently belong, and a recompense given to the patentees owt of other temporall lands now in the King's hand to bestowe; and in especyali that the Termons of Mondhon be restoared to the Bishoprick of Clougher, and no new grants made to patentees thereof, otherwise that Bishoprick must be dissolved, whose jurisdiction is extended through two great counties, Monahon and Fermanogh. Also that the Termons in Cavan be restoared to the Bishoprick of Killmore ; and the Hand of Deriy with the Canons lands lying neere it may be restoared to the bishop of Derry, and to the Cathedrall Church there, and a recompense given to the heyre of Sr George Pawlet in som other place, and to Captayne Brookes for Clonluye, which also belongeth to the Byshop of Derry and is withheld by C. Brooks. Secondly f tnat all ecclesiasticall land now found for the King by thb last office [of inquisition, 1609], and yet undisposed, may be restoared to the severall Bishopricks to which they did formerly belong ; viz., the lands in Armagh and those in Tirone that pay rent to the Primat, that they may be restoared to the Primat. The rest in Tirone, Colrane, Inishowen to the Bishoprick of Derry. They in Tirconnell to the Bishoprick of Raphoe ; and those in Fermanogh to the Bishoprick of Clougher. All is of the King his free gyft, and a new creation made of theise Bishopricks by the King's letters Patent, with the auncient liberties of the Church, the Bishops being limited what states to graunt of theise lands, and barred from letting the mensale lands, to which all those who formerly received these Bishopricks from the Pope, were straictly bound by oath in the Pope's grants, or (as the Irish call them) apostolicis rescriptis, whereof I have scene manye." See Montgomery's Tract on the Ancient Estate 0/ the Bishopricks of Derry, Rafho, and Clougher, as quoted in the Memoir of the Parish of Templemore, pp.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 75

59. Coleraine town building progresses vigorously

    near Coleraine · town · Derry · 1610

    By September 1610, the Londoners' agents had made far better preparation for erecting their new town at Coleraine than expected, with ample timber, materials, and busy workmen. Davys compared the scene to Virgil's description of building Carthage.

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    The Londoners may have profited ]yy this reproof coming from such a respectable source, and no doubt communicated to their governor through Salisbury. At all events, when their works were commenced somewhat later in the season at Coleraine, they were carried forward with much greater vigour. Whilst the commissioners were engaged, during the autumn, in assigning to the imdertakers their several proportions throughout the other five counties, they were inspired with hope as to the future of the plantation from the progress they had witnessed at the Bann. Davys, writing to Salisbury, on the 24th of September, refers to this agreeable topic as follows: — ''Lastly, the agents of London have made far better preparation for the erection of their new town at Colrane than they [the commissioners] expected; for they found there such store of timber and other materials brought in place, so many workmen, so busy in their several places about their several tasks, as methought I saw Didoe's colony building of Carthage in Virgil —

    * Instant ardentes Tyrii ; pars ducere muros, MoUrique arcem, et manibus subsolvere saxa ; Pars aptare locum tecta et concludere suico, Fervet opus,* &c.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 327

60. Colla Uais dies at Tara of the Kings

    Tara · parish · Meath · 335

    After conquering Ulster and spending fifteen years in Alba, Colla Uais returned to Ireland on a kingly visitation and died at Tara of the Kings around the year 335.

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    to Alba, to aid him against the Clanna Rudhrai£:he and other neighbouring tribes. They (the three Collas) responded to the monarch of Ireland, and they fought a fierce compaign against the Clanna- Rudhraigne, so that Fergus Fogha, king of Ulster, and his three sons fell by them, and they took to themselves the government of the province of Uladh, and of one-third of the province of Connaught, and many other possessions and privileges, which were conceded to their descendants after them from the monarchs of Ireland. After having terminated that war, Colla Uais returned to Alba, and left all those rights to his brothers; and having spent 15 years in Alba, he came to make a kingly visitation of Ireland, and he died at Temar-na-rijgh [Tara of the Kings], anno 335." This extract differs in some respects from other and hitherto accepted authorities. If the three Collas actually conquered a third part of Connaught and other possessions, in addition to the territory of the Clanna Rudhraighe, there is no evidence, so far as we know, that they continued to hold any lands excepting such as belonged to that tribe. The notice here of the movements of the eldest of the three brothers, Colla Uais, after his conquest was made, is curious. The statements that he preferred Alba to Ulster as a place of residence, and died at Tara of the Kings, are both, we should say, probable enough.

    6 THE PLANTATION IN ULSTER.

    Internet Archive anhistoricalacc04hillgoog, Chapter 10