The county and city of Cork remembrancer; or, Annals of the county and city of Cork

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Murrough O'Brien's invasion destroys inland walled towns

   Buttevant · town · Cork · 1461–1483

   About the reign of Edward IV, Murrough O'Brien led a terrible invasion that destroyed all the walled towns of the inland parts, including the two ancient corporations of Mourne and Buttevant.

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   power by such means, land enterprizes continued always to exceed their ability. Sometimes indeed they could issue from their walls ■with effect. In 1571, the mayor of Cork gained a victory at the head of the citizens, for which the queen presented him with a collar of S S. As to the walled towns of the inland parts, they were all destroyed in a terrible invasion of Murrough O'Brien, about the reign of Edward IV. Among them were Mourne and Buttevant, two ancient corporations.

   The land which anciently belonged to the citizens of Cork, was in 1462, understood to extend a mile "from both parts" of the city. So much at all events had then remained to them. It was called " the suburbs" ; but had some years before been totally laid waste by the Irish; in consideration of which, the king forgave them all arrears of rent, and granted them a certain custom called cocquet, for rebuilding their walls ; and this they were to receive until they could travel a mile round the city in safety.

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 23

   As the companion tells it

   Buttevant was one of the walled towns of the inland parts, and an ancient corporation. In the time of Edward the Fourth, a terrible invasion led by Murrough O'Brien swept through the inland country. Every walled town in those parts was destroyed. Among them were Mourne and Buttevant, two old corporations that had stood for generations. The record gives no detail of how the towns fell, only that all of them were destroyed in that invasion. The same source notes that land belonging to the citizens of Cork, called the suburbs, had some years before been totally laid waste by the Irish. In 1462 that land was understood to extend a mile from both parts of the city. The king forgave the citizens all arrears of rent and granted them a custom called cocquet, for rebuilding their walls. They were to receive it until they could travel a mile round the city in safety.

2. Armed attack on Hungerford's house and king's stores at Glandore

   near Glandore · population centre · Cork

   A great number of armed men attacked the house of Thomas Hungerford and the king's stores at Glandore to rescue a cargo of tobacco. They were beaten off by Hungerford and a party from the Thunderbolt cutter, with several attackers wounded.

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   Feh. 24. — About three o'clock this morning, the house of Thomas Hungerford, esquire, and the king's stores at Glandore, were attacked by a great number of armed men, in order to rescue a cargo of tobacco ; they weie however beaten off by Mr. Hungerford, assisted by a party from the Thunderbolt cutter. Several of the persons who made the attack were wounded.

   The poor were reduced to the greatest indigence from the severity of the weather.

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 112

   As the companion tells it

   Glandore saw violence one February morning. About 3 o'clock, a great number of armed men attacked the house of Thomas Hungerford and the king's stores there, to rescue a cargo of tobacco. They were beaten off by Hungerford, helped by a party from the Thunderbolt cutter. Several of the attackers were wounded. The poor were reduced to the greatest indigence from the severity of the weather.

3. Blarney castle fortifications destroyed by William's army

   near Blarney · townland · Cork · 1690–1691

   The fortifications of Blarney castle, other than the tower, were destroyed by King William's army. Pacata Hibernia states the walls were eighteen feet thick, though these may have been ramparts.

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   Some of the great lords however had castles of much larger size; MacCarthy huilt Kilcrea and Blarney castles in the fifteenth century. The towers of these remain perfect; the latter is a quadrangle of sixty- five feet by thirty-nine, and about eighty feet high, with projecting machicolated battlements; but it is almost as ill provided with air and light as the smallest; all the loop-holes are very narrow, and a small window was admitted at only one side, which stands on the brink of a precipice. The other fortifications of this castle were destroyed by king William's army. It is stated in Pacata Hibernia, that its walls were eighteen feet thick; but these may have been ramparts.

   We may presume that the ballium or bawn was formerly an appendage, or rather an essential part of every castle ; but from the disappearance of the bawns of many, it seems probable that they were often slightly built, particularly if the tower itself were strong; perhaps indeed they were often mere earthworks, within which cattle might be driven for safety, the tower (if strong) beingrelied on for the final defence of the garrison : at least we know that it was not unusual to form earthworks round villages, for the protection of cattle. ^'-^ In the ruined tower at Keen, opposite Castle-Townsend, there is a very curious contrivance for annoying assailants who might come so close as to be secure from the shot of the loopholes ; there is a gradual depression in the wall, commencing about five feet from the ground, and shaped like a vertical angle, the vertex opening into the second room of the tower, by a hole at the first vault, through which men at arms in that room could annoy all persons close to the walls.

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 14

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere close to Blarney, a castle still stands, though most of what once surrounded it is gone. MacCarthy built Blarney castle in the fifteenth century, along with Kilcrea. The tower itself remains, a quadrangle measuring sixty-five feet by thirty-nine, and about eighty feet high, with projecting machicolated battlements. It is almost as ill provided with air and light as the smallest tower. All the loopholes are very narrow, and a small window was admitted at only one side, which stands on the brink of a precipice. But the other fortifications of this castle were destroyed by King William's army between 1690 and 1691. Pacata Hibernia states that its walls were eighteen feet thick, though these may have been ramparts. The ballium or bawn was formerly an essential part of every castle, but from the disappearance of the bawns of many, it seems probable they were often slightly built, particularly if the tower itself were strong. Perhaps indeed they were often mere earthworks, within which cattle might be driven for safety, the tower being relied on for the final defence of the garrison. What King William's army destroyed here was not the tower, which still stands, but those outer walls and ramparts that once made this more than a single keep. What remains is the strong stone core that outlasted the siege.

4. Cork greatly impaired and facing ruin, 1567

   Cork · city · Cork · 1567

   Sidney reported that Cork was greatly impaired and on the high way to utter ruin unless the queen provided speedy redress and justice. The town's deterioration was noted alongside Youghal and Kinsale.

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   Sir Henry Sidney made a jouniey through the kingdom in 1567; and from his letters to the English government, we learn many particulars regarding the condition of the towns at that time. The county of Tipperary was then in a state of devastation, and its corporate and well walled towns, Clonmel, Cashel, and Fethard in great distress : their inhabitants were as men besieged, and ready either to famish within the walls, or abandon the places ; all trade and commerce was at a stand ; the country people dared not bring any thing to the towns, nor dared the townsmen issue from their walls, to buy any thing in the country, from the danger which both incurred of being plundered and killed. Of Cork, Youghal and Kinsale, he tells us that they were greatly impaired and in the high way to utter ruin, if her majesty, by speedy redress and ministering of justice did not prevent it. Limerick was so impaired in wealth since he saw it in queen Mary's reign, chiefly by reason of the spoils committed or permitted by the earl of Thomond, as to fill him with astonishment. Galway he fovmd rather to resemble " a town of war, frontering upon an enemy, than a civil town in a country under one sovereign": "they watch," says he, "their walls mightily, and guard their gates daily, with armed men." They attributed their miseries to the disorders of the earl of Clanrickard's two sons, young boys, (whom he had by two wives both living,) each striving to be acknowledged as heir of his father, who at the same time was likely long to live.

   However, the towns seem not to have been prevented from improving with the rest of Europe in civilization and internal order. Stanihurst, in his account of the Irish, desires the reader not to impute any barbarous custom he should mention, to the citizens, townsmen, and inhabitants of the English pale ; and Sidney calls them nurseries of civilitv.

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 24

   As the companion tells it

   The road takes you through or near Cork, a city that in 1567 was in serious trouble. Sir Henry Sidney travelled through the kingdom that year and wrote back to the English government about what he found. The country was in a grim state. Tipperary was devastated. Its walled towns, Clonmel, Cashel, and Fethard, were full of people who felt besieged, ready to starve behind their walls or abandon their homes altogether. Trade had stopped. Country people dared not bring goods to the towns, and townsmen dared not venture out to buy anything, because both risked being plundered and killed. Cork did not escape this. Sidney grouped Cork with Youghal and Kinsale, and said all three were greatly impaired and on the high way to utter ruin, unless the queen provided speedy redress and the ministering of justice. He had seen worse elsewhere. Limerick had lost so much wealth since queen Mary's reign, largely through the spoils committed or permitted by the earl of Thomond, that it filled him with astonishment. Galway he found resembled, in his words, a town of war, frontering upon an enemy, rather than a civil town under one sovereign. Its people watched their walls mightily and guarded their gates daily with armed men. They blamed their miseries on the disorders of the earl of Clanrickard's two sons, each striving to be acknowledged as heir. Yet Sidney also called these towns nurseries of civility, and they were not wholly cut off from the improvements spreading through the rest of Europe.

5. Criminals escape from north gaol in Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1784

   Criminals confined in the north gaol of Cork attempted to escape by breaking inside doors and descending from the top using blankets tied together. John Callaghan, known as Jack-a-boy, and one Linehan escaped successfully, while a third was retaken under a boat on one of the quays.

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   Sept. 20. — An attempt was made by the criminals in north gaol to escape. To effect their purpose they broke several of the inside doors to get to the top of the gaol, and from thence three conveyed themselves down by tying their blankets and sheets together. John Callaghan otherwise Jack-a-boy, a most notorious offender, and one Linehan under sentence of transportation, escaped ; but the third was retaken under a boat on one of the quays.

   Oct. 26. — At five o'clock this day the lord lieutenant and his suite arrived here from Doneraile, and the duchess of Rutland in an hour after. They were conducted to the house of Broderick Chinnery, esq. the streets through which they passed being lined with troops. At 2 o'clock the following day, his excellency was waited on by the mayor, sheriffs, recorder, aldermen and burgesses, with the keys of the city, &c. and an address was read by the recorder in the name of the corporation, after which his excellency conferred the honor of knighthood on John Frankhn the mayor, with whom he dined at the mansion house. On the same day, the bishop and the clergy of the diocese waited on his excellency ; and on the 28th, the merchants of this city did the same. On the 31st his excellency conferred the honor of knighthood on John Haly, M. D. and Richard Kellet, jun. after which he examined the cotton manufactory of Henry Sadleir and Co. on Morrison's Island, with which he was highly pleased ; he then went to see the process of making up beef and pork, at the stores of Vaughan, Hamilton and Co. where he and his suite condescended to cat beef-steaks dressed cellar fashion ; on the same day his excellency dined with the merchants at the King's arms tavern, after which he and the duchess went to the assembly. On the 1st of November Joseph Gray, esq. was knighted by his excellency. During his stay in the south, he also conferred the honor of knighthood on James Carthy, sovereign of Kinsale, and on three military gentlemen.

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 126

   As the companion tells it

   Cork, in 1784, saw a bold attempt at freedom from its north gaol. On the 20th of September, the criminals confined there set about breaking out. They broke several of the inside doors to reach the top of the gaol, and from there three of them lowered themselves down by tying their blankets and sheets together. Two of them got clean away. John Callaghan, known as Jack-a-boy, described as a most notorious offender, and one Linehan, who was under sentence of transportation, escaped. The third was not so fortunate. He was retaken, found hiding under a boat on one of the quays. A month later, on the 26th of October, the lord lieutenant and his suite arrived in Cork from Doneraile, the duchess of Rutland following an hour after. They were conducted to the house of Broderick Chinnery, esq., the streets lined with troops. The next day, the mayor, sheriffs, recorder, aldermen and burgesses waited on his excellency with the keys of the city. An address was read by the recorder in the name of the corporation, and his excellency conferred knighthood on John Franklin, the mayor, with whom he dined at the mansion house. On the 31st, he knighted John Haly, M.D. and Richard Kellet, jun., then examined the cotton manufactory of Henry Sadleir and Co. on Morrison's Island, with which he was highly pleased.

6. Demolition of fort on south side of Cork city

   Cork · city · Cork

   Rebels in Cork demolished a fort on the south side of the city, killing and wounding several soldiers in the process. The action was led by the recorder and other principal actors who had fomented the rebellion.

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   A.D. cross, which he was then carrying about in procession. Sir Robert Mead or Meagh and John Fitz-David Roche were two priests who fomented this rebellion. Mead ordered Mr. Apsley the king's store-keeper to be killed and his arms taken away. He also ordered the guard, which he placed on Skiddy's castle, where the stores lay, to throw Mrs. Hughes, wife to the clerk of the stores, over the walls and break her neck. He was the principal stirrer up of the townsmen to take arms, and not only assisted in every sally to take and destroy the forts, but also drove such as were dilatory with a cudgel to the work. John Nicholas, a brewer, was also a cannonier to the rebels, and it was proved against him that he shot two soldiers from the walls ; he was assisted by John Clarke, a tanner from IVIallow, who very dexterously mounted the cannon upon the walls, when none else knew how to do it. He and Nicholas were both Englishmen. It was proved against Edmond Terry another rebel, that he advised the mayor to take the key of Skiddy's castle from Mr. Hughes the store-keeper, and place the ammunition in Dominick Galway's cellars, and that Hughes should not be suffered to come there without a sufficient guard, all which the Mayor complied with. Edward Roche, brother to Dominick Roche the priest, said that the city would fight against the king himself if he came to look for it, and that not only the country, but also the kings of France and Spain would assist them if he did not give their church free liberty. The mayor and recorder imprisoned Mr. Allen Apsley, commissary of the king's victuals, and Mr. Michael Hughes, clerk of the munitions. The recorder in person, with a guard, carried Mr. Apsley from his own house to the common gaol, and then distributed the king's stores as he thought proper. They demolished the fort on the south s-ide of the city, in which action they killed and wounded several soldiers. The day before they demolished this fort, the recorder striking himself on the breast, solemnly swore at the door of Skiddy's castle, that if the mayor would not take charge of the king's stores, he would presently quit the town for ever, upon which he tm'ned about to the crowd, who huzza'd and applauded him for his speech. Then Thomas Fagan and Murrough clapped on their head-pieces, and

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 72

   As the companion tells it

   Cork city was the scene of a rebellion in which the townspeople rose against the king's authority and demolished a fort on the south side of the city, killing and wounding several soldiers in the action. Two priests, Sir Robert Mead and John Fitz-David Roche, fomented the rising. Mead was the principal stirrer of the townsmen to take arms. He ordered Mr Apsley, the king's store-keeper, to be killed and his arms seized. He placed a guard on Skiddy's castle, where the stores lay, and ordered them to throw Mrs Hughes, wife of the clerk of the stores, over the walls to break her neck. He assisted in every sally to take and destroy the forts, and drove the reluctant to the work with a cudgel. John Nicholas, a brewer, served as cannonier to the rebels and shot two soldiers from the walls. John Clarke, a tanner from Mallow, mounted the cannon on the walls when no one else knew how. Both were Englishmen. Edmond Terry advised the mayor to take the key of Skiddy's castle from Mr Hughes the store-keeper and move the ammunition to Dominick Galway's cellars, and the mayor complied. Edward Roche declared the city would fight against the king himself, and that the kings of France and Spain would assist them if he did not grant their church free liberty. The mayor and recorder imprisoned Mr Allen Apsley and Mr Michael Hughes. The recorder carried Apsley from his own house to the common gaol, then distributed the king's stores as he saw fit. They demolished the fort on the south side of the city. The day before, the recorder struck himself on the breast and swore at the door of Skiddy's castle that if the mayor would not take charge of the stores, he would quit the town forever. The crowd huzza'd and applauded him. Then Thomas Fagan and Murrough clapped on their head-pieces.

7. Fynes Moryson observes stark poverty at Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1600

   The contemporary writer Fynes Moryson recorded seeing young maids at Cork grinding corn stark naked with stones, and noted filthy lodging conditions in the city, with chambers rarely swept and bedding infested with vermin.

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   A. D. Fynes Moryson, who wrote at this time about Ireland, and the ^^^ mannersof the inhabitants, says, "at Cork I have seen with these eyes, young maids stark naked grinding corn with stones, to make cakes thereof, and striking off into the tub of meal such relics thereof as happened to stick to their bodies." " In cities passengers may have feather beds soft and good, but most commonly full of vermin, especially in the highways ; whether that came by their being forced to lodge among soldiers, or from the nasty filthiness of the nation in general ; for even in the best city, as at Cork, I have observed that my own, as well as other Englishmen's chambers, hired of the citizens, were scarce swept once in a week, and the dust, then laid in a corner, was perhaps cast out once in a month or two." " Many of the wild Irish eat no flesh but that which dies of disease, or otherwise of itself ; neither can they scape it for stinking. They desire no broth, nor have any use of a spoon." " It is strange and ridiculous, but most true, that some of our carriage horses falling into their hands, when they found .soap and starch carried for the use of our laundresses; they, thinking them to be some dainty meats, did eat them greedily, and, when they stuck in their teeth, cursed bitterly the gluttony of us English churls."

   Hooker, who lived at this time, in a note to Geraldus Cambrensis, writes thus of the Irish, " The Irish nation and people, even from the beginning, have been always of a hard bringing up, and are not only rude in apparel, but also rough and ugly in their bodies : their hands and heads they never wash, cleanse nor cut, especially their heads, the hair whereof they suffer to grow, saving that some do use to round it, and by reason the same is never combed, it gi'oweth so fast together that it is instead of a hat, and keepeth the head warm, and also will bear off a great blow or stroke ; and this head of hair they call a glibe, and therein they have a great pleasure.

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 69

   As the companion tells it

   Around 1600, the writer Fynes Moryson travelled through Ireland and left a blunt account of what he found at Cork. He said he saw young maids there, stark naked, grinding corn with stones to make cakes, and striking off into the tub of meal whatever happened to stick to their bodies. He wrote that in cities, passengers could find feather beds, soft and good, but most commonly full of vermin, especially in the highways. He did not know whether this came from being forced to lodge among soldiers, or from what he called the nasty filthiness of the nation in general. Even at Cork, he said, his own chamber and other Englishmen's chambers, hired of the citizens, were scarce swept once in a week. The dust was then laid in a corner, and perhaps cast out once in a month or two. Moryson also wrote that many of the wild Irish ate no flesh but what died of disease or otherwise of itself, and could not escape it for stinking. They desired no broth and had no use of a spoon. He called it strange and ridiculous, but most true, that when some English carriage horses fell into Irish hands, and they found soap and starch carried for the use of laundresses, they thought them some dainty meats, ate them greedily, and when the food stuck in their teeth, cursed bitterly the gluttony of us English churls.

8. Grand armed societies procession to Christ Church, Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1778

   The Lord Chief Baron Dennis went to Christ Church preceded by Blue-coat hospital boys and followed by the city's armed societies including True-blue, Boyne, Aughrim, Cork Union, and Culloden, numbering near three hundred, with regimental companies, swords and epaulets.

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   April V2. — (Sunday). The Lord Chief Baron Dennis, one of the judges of assize went to Christ church, preceded hy the boys of the Blue-coat hospital, and followed hy the different societies of this city, which formed the following grand procession : — The mayor, dressed in the uniform of the Culloden society, of Avhich he was colonel. The sheriffs, aldermen, clergy, sword bearer, with the city regalia. The True-blue society, uniform blue, faced with blue and edged with white. The Boyne society, imiform blue edged with buff, buff waistcoats and breeches. The Aughrim, uniform scarlet, white edging. The Cork Union, uniform scarlet faced with green, buff waistcoats and breeches' and green cockades. The Culloden, uniform blue faced with scarlet, bull waistcoats and breeches. They were all regularly divided into light infantry, grenadier, and battalion companies, the officers wearing swords and epaulets, and dressed suitably. The number of the entire was near three hundred, and made a most respectable appearance. They returned in like manner, but were very much incommoded, by the vast concourse of spectators.

   June 4. — Being the king's birth day, the troops and armed societies fired on the ]\Iall. In the evening the populace were liberally supplied with beer, and the night concluded with ringing of bells, bqufires, illuminations, and every other demonstration of

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 120

   As the companion tells it

   In 1778, Cork saw a grand armed procession. On a Sunday in April, the Lord Chief Baron Dennis, one of the judges of assize, went to Christ Church, preceded by the boys of the Blue-coat hospital. Behind came the city's armed societies, led by the mayor in the uniform of the Culloden society, of which he was colonel, with the sheriffs, aldermen, clergy, sword bearer, and city regalia. The True-blue society wore blue faced with blue and edged with white. The Boyne society wore blue edged with buff, with buff waistcoats and breeches. The Aughrim wore scarlet with white edging. The Cork Union wore scarlet faced with green, buff waistcoats and breeches, and green cockades. The Culloden wore blue faced with scarlet, with buff waistcoats and breeches. All were divided into light infantry, grenadier, and battalion companies, officers wearing swords and epaulets. The number was near 300. They made, as the record says, "a most respectable appearance." They returned in the same manner, but were very much incommoded by the vast concourse of spectators. On June 4, the king's birthday, the troops and armed societies fired on the Mall. The evening saw the populace liberally supplied with beer, and the night concluded with ringing of bells, bonfires, illuminations, and other demonstrations.

9. Highwayman attacks Mr. Dunscombe near Mount Desert

   near Mount Desert · townland · Cork · 1818

   Parker Dunscombe was ambushed while returning from Mount Desert by a man who seized his bridle and threatened to shoot him. Three additional men sprang from behind a wall near Mr. Wise's gateway, but Dunscombe's startled horse carried him safely home.

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   Oct. 26. — As Parker Dunscombe, esq. was returning from Mount Desert, a fellow rushed forward, grasped the reins of his bridle, and called out that he would shoot him if he did not stop. Mr. Dunscombe, perceiving that he was armed, pushed forward, and had arrived at the gateway leading to Mr. Wise's, when three men sprung out from behind the wall, evidently with an intention of stopping him. The horse,- however, startled and made off, and Mr. Dunscombe arrived at his own house in safety.

   An association, called the Southern Fishery Association, was instituted at a public meeting held at Kinsale this day ; its object was to further the fisheries on this coast, and to protect and encourage the use of trammel nets.

   Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 158

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere close to Mount Desert, on the 26th of October, 1818, Parker Dunscombe was riding home when a man rushed at him, grabbed his bridle, and called out that he would shoot him if he did not stop. Dunscombe saw the man was armed and pushed his horse forward. He reached the gateway leading to Mr. Wise's, and three more men sprang out from behind the wall, meaning to stop him. The horse was startled and bolted, and Dunscombe made it to his own house in safety.

10. Jack-a-boy whipped from south to north gate, Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1786

    The noted Jack-a-boy and one Owen Daly, convicted of a riot in the city gaol, were whipped from the south to the north gate of Cork.

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    JVov. 1. — The noted Jack-a-boy and one Owen Daly, convicted of a riot in the city gaol, were whipped from south to north gate. 8. — A remarkable meteor was seen here this night, much brighter than the moon, and of double its diameter; It was of a white colour inclining to blue, had no tail, and was of aglobulor form not well defined ; it scattered luminous particles as it passed along, and when it burst, which happened about two seconds after its first appearance, it left a train behind, and a rumbling noise was at the same time heard resembling thunder, which continued from twenty to thirty seconds. After the meteor disappeared a luminous mist was observed, which gradually diffused itself through the whole atmosphere.

    24. A parapet wall fell upon two houses near Goulnaspur, and buried the persons who slept in the back rooms. It was situated behind the houses upon a hill of earth, which had been washed away by the late heavy rains, by which means the foundation had been undermined.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 126

    As the companion tells it

    On the first of November 1786, the noted Jack-a-boy and one Owen Daly, convicted of a riot in the city gaol, were whipped from the south gate to the north gate of Cork. The same record from that month holds more. On the eighth of November, a remarkable meteor was seen, much brighter than the moon and of double its diameter, white inclining to blue, with no tail, of a globular form not well defined. It scattered luminous particles as it passed, and about two seconds after its first appearance it burst, leaving a train behind. A rumbling noise like thunder was heard, lasting from twenty to thirty seconds. After the meteor disappeared, a luminous mist gradually diffused itself through the whole atmosphere. On the twenty-fourth, a parapet wall fell upon two houses near Goulnaspur, and buried the persons who slept in the back rooms. It stood behind the houses on a hill of earth, which heavy rains had washed away, undermining the foundation.

11. Lightning strikes brig at Coppinger's corner in Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1795

    A thunder-storm struck Cork city, with lightning hitting the main-mast of a new brig lying in the dock at Coppinger's corner. Splinters were hurled hundreds of yards, piercing adjoining house slates and shattering windows.

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    Jan. 27. — At between twelve and one o'clock a thunder-storm 1795 commenced : the lightning struck the main-mast of a large new brig, lying in the dock at Coppinger's corner and shattered it to pieces. So violent was the effect of the lightning that splinters of the mast were cast many hundred yards off in various directions, and several of them were forced through the slates of the adjoining houses, the windows of which were entirely shattered by the violence of the explosion.

    jipril 28. — -The foundation stone of a Roman Catholic chapel was laid in Bandon.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 133

    As the companion tells it

    Cork has seen its share of wild weather. On the 27th of January, 1795, a thunderstorm broke out between twelve and one o'clock. The lightning struck the main-mast of a large new brig lying in the dock at Coppinger's corner, and shattered it to pieces. The force was so great that splinters of the mast were thrown many hundred yards in various directions. Several of them were driven straight through the slates of adjoining houses, and the windows of those houses were entirely shattered by the violence of the explosion.

12. Limerick mail coach opens new Mallow to Cork road

    Mallow · town · Cork · 1816

    The Limerick mail coach travelled the entire new line of road from Mallow to Cork for the first time, decorated with green boughs. Country people lined the hillsides and cheered as it passed.

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    May 1. — ^The Limerick mail coach travelled, for the first time, the entire of the new line of road from Mallow to Cork, decorated with green boughs ; the country people, who lined the hills at each side of the road in great numbers, cheered it as it passed.

    8. — Thirty-four convicts, which had been transmitted from Tipperaiy and other counties, were sent down from the city gaol, and put on board the transports at Cove.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 152

    As the companion tells it

    Mallow is a town on the road. On May 1, 1816, the Limerick mail coach travelled the entire new line of road from Mallow to Cork for the first time. It was decorated with green boughs. Country people lined the hills at each side of the road in great numbers and cheered it as it passed.

13. Lord Lieutenant visits Haulbowline by barge

    near Haulbowline Island · population centre · Cork · 1818

    On the day following his Cork entertainments, the Lord Lieutenant proceeded in Admiral Hallowell's barge to Haulbowline. This was part of his viceregal visit to the Cork area in September 1818.

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    Sept. 3. — The high sheriff, on the part of the corporation of Cork, proceeded to Killarney, to invite the lord lieutenant and his suite to dinner, which invitation his excellency was pleased to accept, and accordingly having arrived on the evening of the ninth at Ballincollig, on his way to Cork, he was received with discharges of cannon. The city sheriffs and a troop of dragoons were in attendance, and escorted the carriages which contained the viceregal party, until they reached Scragg's Hotel, in George's-street, which was brilliantly illuminated. The walls and windows were festooned with variegated lamps, in the centre of which, was a grand transparency with the Talbot arms. In the course of the next day, addresses were presented to his excellency by the mayor and corporation, the merchants and the clergy, and deputations from the Cork Institution and Society of Arts waited upon his excellency ; in the evening he was entertained at the Mansion-house, and on the following day, proceeded in admiral Hallowell's barge to Haulbowline, and

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 157

    As the companion tells it

    The road passes near Haulbowline Island, in Cork. In September 1818, the Lord Lieutenant visited the Cork area. On the 3rd, the high sheriff, on the part of the corporation of Cork, proceeded to Killarney to invite the Lord Lieutenant and his suite to dinner, and his excellency accepted. Arriving on the evening of the 9th at Ballincollig on his way to Cork, he was received with discharges of cannon. The city sheriffs and a troop of dragoons escorted the viceregal carriages to Scragg's Hotel in George's Street, brilliantly illuminated. The walls and windows were festooned with variegated lamps, with a grand transparency of the Talbot arms at the centre. The next day, addresses were presented by the mayor and corporation, the merchants and the clergy, and deputations from the Cork Institution and Society of Arts. That evening he was entertained at the Mansion-house. On the following day, he proceeded in Admiral Hallowell's barge to Haulbowline.

14. Premature burial of Francis Taylor at St. Peter's churchyard

    Cork · city · Cork · 1753

    Francis Taylor was buried in St. Peter's Church-yard and found the next morning sitting up in his grave with a mangled shoulder, clay-filled hand, and blood from his eyes, a tragic instance of premature interment.

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    April 19 — One Francis Taylor was buried in St. Peter's Church-yard, and the next morning was found sitting up in the grave, one of his shoulders much mangled, one of his hands full of clay, and blood running from his eyes, a melancholy instance of the fatal consequences of a too precipitate interment.

    May 1 — There was the greatest and longest shower of hail ever remembered in this city.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 100

    As the companion tells it

    In Cork, on April 19, 1753, Francis Taylor was buried in St. Peter's Churchyard. The next morning he was found sitting up in his grave. One of his shoulders was much mangled. One of his hands was full of clay. Blood was running from his eyes. The record calls it "a melancholy instance of the fatal consequences of a too precipitate interment."

15. Raymond le Gros ravages Cork; naval battle with Corcagians, 1174

    Cork · city · Cork · 1174

    Raymond le Gros overran the country and committed depredations in Cork and adjacent lands. The men of Cork fitted out thirty-two barks to attack him but were defeated in a fierce fight; their captain Gilbert Mac Turger was slain, and the English sailed off with great prey to Waterford.

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    A. D. 1174 Raymond le Gros, having been appointed general over tlie King's troops by Strongbow, overran and ravaged the country without resistance ; and proceeding with his booty to Lismore, committed the hke depredations in this city and the adjacent lands. Having returned by the sea shorej he found thirteen boats lately come from Waterford, as well as from other places, and directed them to be laden with the booty, intending to have passed by water into Waterford ; but, tarrying there for a wind, the men of Cork, who had heard of their doings, being but sixteen miles from them, prepared two-and-thirty barks of their own town, and did well man and furnish them, being wholly determined to set upon Raymond, and if possible to give him the overthrow. Between both parties there was a cruel fight, the one giving a fierce onset with stones and spaths, and the other defending themselves with bows and weapons. In the end the men of Cork were overcome, and their captain, named Gilbert Mac Turger, was slain by a lusty young gentleman, named Philip Welsh. Adam Hereford, who was the general, or admiral of Raymond's navy, being well increased, and laden with great prey, then sailed in triumph to the city of Waterford. Raymond, who was not present, having heard of this fight, came up with reinforcements of twenty gentlemen and three score horsemen, and in his way met Mac Carty, king of Cork, who was coming by land with his forces to countenance the aforesaid attempt by sea of the Corcagians, and who intended to seize on the English boats, if they should be forced ashore as he expected; but " Raymond gave him such a brush that he got a prey of 4000 cows by the bargain," and brought them safe to Waterford. 1177 The kingdom of Cork, extending towards Limerick on the one

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 40

    As the companion tells it

    Cork in 1174. Raymond le Gros had been appointed general over the King's troops by Strongbow, and he overran and ravaged the country without resistance. Proceeding with his booty to Lismore, he committed the same depredations there and in the adjacent lands. He returned by the sea shore and found thirteen boats lately come from Waterford and other places, and he directed them to be laden with the booty, intending to pass by water into Waterford. He tarried there for a wind. The men of Cork, only sixteen miles away, had heard of his doings. They prepared two and thirty barks of their own town, manned and furnished them, and were wholly determined to set upon Raymond and give him the overthrow if they could. Between both parties there was a cruel fight. The men of Cork gave a fierce onset with stones and spaths, and the English defended themselves with bows and weapons. In the end the men of Cork were overcome. Their captain, Gilbert Mac Turger, was slain by a young gentleman named Philip Welsh. Adam Hereford, the admiral of Raymond's navy, being laden with great prey, sailed in triumph to Waterford. Raymond himself was not present at the fight. When he heard of it he came up with reinforcements of twenty gentlemen and three score horsemen. On his way he met Mac Carty, king of Cork, who was coming by land with his forces to support the attempt by sea, intending to seize the English boats if they were forced ashore. But Raymond, in the words of the source, "gave him such a brush that he got a prey of 4000 cows by the bargain," and brought them safe to Waterford.

16. Rev. Emanuel Moore killed pursuing abductors near Clonakilty

    Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1774

    A party of gentlemen including Rev. Emanuel Moore pursued persons who had forcibly carried off a young woman near Clonakilty. Several shots were fired on both sides, killing Moore and an old woman sheltering in a house.

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    Feb. 26. — A party of gentlemen, among whom was the rev. Emanuel Moore, pursued a number of persons this night, who had forcibly carried off a young woman in the neighbourhood of Clonakilty. Several shots were fired on both sides, by which an old woman who was in the house where the pursued had taken shelter, and the reverend Mr. Moore, were killed.

    March 13. — About fifty lamps were broken this night in Blarney-lane, in consequence of their not having been lighted.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 115

    As the companion tells it

    On the 26th of February, 1774, a party of gentlemen pursued men who had forcibly carried off a young woman near Clonakilty. Among the gentlemen was the Reverend Emanuel Moore. The pursued took shelter in a house. Several shots were fired on both sides. An old woman who was in the house was killed, and the Reverend Mr. Moore was killed.

17. Severe drought dries up the Lee at Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1539

    In the summer of 1539 Ireland was so dry that the River Lee at Cork was almost dried up, along with several other rivers, for want of rain. The autumn that followed was very sickly, with fevers everywhere causing many deaths.

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    Bahimore, and anchored under the castle then defended with artillery. They fired at it all night, but at day break the garrison fled, and the Waterford men landed in good order in the island of Inishercan, and besieged the fortress there, called the castle of Dunalong, i.e. the ship castle; the seamen entered the castle by the small port and set up Saint George's standard, and the army marched in by the gate of the draw-bridge and kept it5 days, during which time they ravaged the island and destroyed all its villages, and also the Franciscan friary which stood near the castle. The fortress was doubly warded with two strong piles or castles, with walls and barbicans ; the halls and offices they quite destroyed They found in the island a considerable quantity of malt, barley and salt. O'Driscoirs chief galley of thirty oars, was taken, and above three or four score pinnaces, of which fifty wei'e burned, and the great galley was carried to Waterford. They also destroyed another castle of O'DriscoU's seated in an island called Inchipite. They set fire to Baltimore, and broke down another castle there belonging to O'DriscoU ; William Grant, one of the seamen was on the top of one of the castles, which being all on fire under him, he stood upon a pinnacle and cried out for assistance ; upon which one Butler tied a small cord to an arrow and shot it up to Grant, by means of which cord he drew up a rope, which he fastened to the pinnacle and slid down safe to his companions ; after this the army arrived safe in Waterford. 1539 This summer was so dry in Ireland, that the Lee at Cork was almost dried up, and several other rivers also, for want of rain. Tlie autumn was veiy sickly, fevers being everywhere, whereof many died. lOil The bishop of Cork and Ross, the bishop of Waterford, toge-

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 60

    As the companion tells it

    Cork, in the summer of 1539, saw the River Lee almost dry up. Ireland was so dry that year that several other rivers also ran low for want of rain. The autumn that followed was very sickly, with fevers everywhere, and many died. The same passage of the annals tells of other events in the waters nearby. Waterford men sailed to Baltimore and anchored under a castle defended with artillery. They fired at it all night, and at daybreak the garrison fled. The Waterford men landed in good order on the island of Inishercan and besieged a fortress called the castle of Dunalong, meaning the ship castle. Seamen entered through a small port and raised Saint George's standard. The army marched in by the drawbridge gate and held it for 5 days, ravaging the island, destroying its villages, and destroying a Franciscan friary near the castle. The fortress had two strong towers with walls and barbicans, and they destroyed the halls and offices. They found malt, barley, and salt. O'Driscoll's chief galley of 30 oars was taken, with more than 60 or 80 pinnaces, of which 50 were burned. The great galley was carried to Waterford. They destroyed another castle of O'Driscoll's on an island called Inchipite. They set fire to Baltimore and broke down another castle there belonging to O'Driscoll. William Grant, a seaman, was on top of a castle when it caught fire beneath him. He stood on a pinnacle and cried out for help. Butler tied a small cord to an arrow and shot it up to Grant. Grant used the cord to draw up a rope, fastened it, and slid down safe. After this the army arrived safe in Waterford.

18. Sir James Fitz-Patrick inspects Cork gaols and finds abuses

    Cork · city · Cork · 1786

    Sir James Fitz-Patrick, a gentleman noted for philanthropy, arrived in Cork after touring the kingdom's prisons. He made a minute inspection of the city and county gaols, discovering many deficiencies and very great abuses.

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    Jan. 3. — Sir James Fitz-Patrick, a gentleman of distinguished philanthropy arrived in this city, after having made a tour through a great part of this kingdom, for the purpose of visiting the prisons. On the 4th he made a very minute inspection of the gaols of this city and county, in which he discovered many deficiencies and very great abuses. On the 5th and 6th he was entertained by the mayor and sheriffs ; and on the 7th was waited on at his lodgings by the Cork society for the relief and discharge of confined debtors, who presented to him, inelegant binding, the printed account of their proceedings from their first institution, with an address delivered by their secretaiy the llev. Francis Orpen.

    23. — At a meeting held in the vestry room of St. Paul's church, the parishioners entered into several resolutions for the purpose of preserving the peace, one of which was to establish an association to attend each night in rotation, to patrol through the parish.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 126

    As the companion tells it

    Cork, a city the road passes through. In January 1786, a gentleman named Sir James Fitz-Patrick arrived here. He was noted for distinguished philanthropy, and he had been travelling through a great part of the kingdom for the purpose of visiting prisons. On the 4th of January he made a very minute inspection of the gaols of this city and county, in which he discovered many deficiencies and very great abuses. On the 5th and 6th he was entertained by the mayor and sheriffs. On the 7th he was waited on at his lodgings by the Cork society for the relief and discharge of confined debtors. They presented him with the printed account of their proceedings from their first institution, bound, as the record says, in inelegant binding. An address was delivered by their secretary, the Reverend Francis Orpen.

19. Storming of old fort near Ringrone castle, Kinsale

    Ringrone · townland · Cork · 1690

    Major-general Tettau and Colonel Fitz-Patrick with about 800 men crossed in boats near Ringrone castle and stormed the old fort at Kinsale. The governor Colonel Driscoil and 200 of the garrison were killed before the rest surrendered.

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    Cork being thus reduced, was put under the government of colonel Hales. Brigadier Villiers was the same day detached with a party to possess himself of Kinsale, which not being tenable was deserted by the enemy. On the 2d of October lord Marlborough came thither with the army, and on the following day major-general Tettau and colonel Fitz-Patrick, with about 800 men, got over in boats unpcrceived near Ringroan castle, and marched down towards the old fort, which they boldly assaulted and took by storm, whereupon the enemy retired into the castle ; but at the same time three barrels of their gunpowder took fire at the gate, and blew it up with about 40 soldiers. At length the governor colonel Driscoil, and 200 of the garrison being killed, the rest sm-rendered upon promise of quarter.

    Colonel Churchill in a state dispatch, says of the English garrison then in Cork. "They are fit to conquer, for they must do that, or starve, which they were very nigh doing, and consequently desperate. They can draw out 500 men, and not 100 pair of shoes among them, which are not to be got there for money if they had it."

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 91

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, in October 1690, a force crossed the water and caught the old fort at Kinsale by surprise. Cork had fallen and been put under Colonel Hales. Brigadier Villiers was sent to take Kinsale, but the enemy had already deserted it. On the second of October Lord Marlborough arrived with the army. The next day Major-general Tettau and Colonel Fitz-Patrick took about 800 men across in boats, unnoticed, near Ringrone castle. They marched down to the old fort and stormed it. The enemy pulled back into the castle, but three barrels of gunpowder caught fire at the gate and blew it up with about 40 soldiers. The governor Colonel Driscoil and 200 of the garrison were killed before the rest surrendered on promise of quarter. Colonel Churchill wrote of the English garrison in Cork at the time that they were fit to conquer, for they must do that or starve, which they were very near doing. He said they could draw out 500 men and not 100 pair of shoes among them.

20. Testimonial for Sir James Cotter as Cork governor

    Cork · city · Cork · 1691

    Protestant citizens of Cork signed a testimonial praising Sir James Cotter's humane conduct as governor under James II, noting he allowed expelled Protestants to return to their homes unlike his predecessors.

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    Dec. 9 — ^Thefollowing testimonial of his conduct, while he was governor of Cork, under James II, was given to Sir James Cotter, knt. "We the undernamed of the citty of Corke doe declare, that during Sir James Cotter's being governor of the said citty and county, the protcstants thereof, (as much as in him lay,) did receive all manner of countenance and favour from him, and that, instead of being confined or imprisoned upon all alarms, as we were by his predecessors and successors in that government, he desired all such of us as were by them turned out of the citty and our houses, to [ ] into them again, and that during his government there should be no sucli hardship put upon us, which he justly performed ; for which reason, and no other that we could either know or heare of, he hath, (to our great prejudices,) been removed, being by the French faction represented as a man not fit to be trusted, where any protestants were. All which we hold

    120 CORK REMEMBRANCIlR.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 93

    As the companion tells it

    In 1691, the city of Cork saw a rare moment of decency in a bitter time. Sir James Cotter served as governor under James II, and when he was removed from office, the Protestant citizens of Cork put their names to a testimonial about his conduct. They declared that during his time as governor, the Protestants of the city and county received from him all manner of countenance and favour. They said that instead of being confined or imprisoned upon all alarms, as they had been by his predecessors and successors in that government, he desired all such of them as had been turned out of the city and their houses to come into them again. He promised that during his government no such hardship would be put upon them, and they said he justly performed it. For that reason, and no other they could know or hear of, he was removed, the French faction having represented him as a man not fit to be trusted where any Protestants were. The citizens called it their great prejudice.

21. Tracton Abbey granted to Guilford and Craig

    near Tracton · parish · Cork · 1568

    Queen Elizabeth granted Tracton Abbey to Henry Guilford and Sir James Craig for £7 15s. The abbots formerly sat in parliament. The monks claimed to possess a piece of the cross, drawing vast multitudes on every Holy Thursday.

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    Tracton Abbey was granted by Queen Elizabeth, to Henry Guilford gentleman, and Sir James Craig on their paying £7 15s. The abbots of it formerly sat in parliament. The monks pretended to have a piece of the cross, which they said Barry Oge at a great price obtained and gave to them. This was so firmly believed, that on every PI oly Thursday, vast multitudes resorted to pay their devotion to this supposed relick. From the monks having come from Alba Lauda in Wales, as is before related, this house was called De Alba Tractu.

    An act was passed this year for giving the chief governor of 1569 Ireland the nomination of all Deans, Archdeacons, Chanters, Chancellors, and Treasurers, of all cathedials in Miuister and

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 63

    As the companion tells it

    The road passes through the parish of Tracton in Cork. In 1568, Queen Elizabeth granted the abbey here to Henry Guilford, a gentleman, and Sir James Craig, for 7 pounds and 15 shillings. The abbots of this house once sat in parliament. The monks claimed to hold a piece of the cross, which they said Barry Oge obtained at a great price and gave to them. So firmly was this believed that on every Holy Thursday, vast multitudes came to pay their devotion to this supposed relic. The monks had come from Alba Lauda in Wales, and from that the house was called De Alba Tractu.

22. Trial over weir and water diversion on the Lee at Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1810

    An action was tried in Cork concerning the raising of a weir near the pipe water works, which diverted water from the southern to the northern channel of the Lee. The weir had been built in 1765 by Nicholas Fitton for navigation to Macromp, and was raised to six feet by Attiwell Hayes in 1791. The jury found for the plaintiff.

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    ^pril. — An action, brought by Thomas Walker against William Lumley, the representative of the pipe water Company, was tried by Judge Day, in this city, for raising the weir near the pipe water works to a certain height, and for shutting up two hatchways, thereby diverting the water, which ought to flow through the southern, into the northern channel. The facts of this case, as they appeared in evidence, were these: — In the year 1765, the weir was built by Nicholas Fitton, to assist a project, which was then on foot, for making the river Lee navigable to Macromp; but he was only suffered to make the weir 18 inches high, and was compelled to put two hatches in it of sufficient breadth, to let the water flow in abundance into the Southern channel. In the year 1785 the weir was in some degree raised by an engineer of the pipe water company, but not to a height sufficient to exclude the water from the Southern channel, until in the Summer of 1791, Mr. Attiwell Hayes, who was one of the pipe water Company, raised it to the height of about six feet, and blocked up the hatches. The Jury found a verdict for the plaintiff", with six pence damages and six pence costs.

    May 5. — One of the sheriffs was sent by the common council, to communicate to the recorder the result of their deliberations, as to his taking a seat with them in the council. They had ,

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 145

    As the companion tells it

    In 1810 a trial was held in Cork over a weir on the river Lee. Thomas Walker brought the action against William Lumley, who represented the pipe water company. Judge Day presided. The complaint was that the weir near the pipe water works had been raised to a certain height and two hatchways shut up, diverting water that ought to have flowed through the southern channel into the northern one instead. The evidence went back to 1765, when Nicholas Fitton built the weir to help a plan then under way for making the Lee navigable to Macromp. He was allowed to make the weir only 18 inches high, and had to put two hatches in it, broad enough to let water flow in abundance into the southern channel. In 1785 an engineer of the pipe water company raised the weir to some degree, but not enough to cut off water from the southern channel. Then in the summer of 1791, Mr Attiwell Hayes, one of the pipe water company, raised it to about six feet and blocked up the hatches. The jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, with six pence damages and six pence costs.

23. Two houses destroyed by coastal erosion at Cove

    Cobh · municipal district · Cork · 1767

    Two houses built on rising ground next the sea at Cove were entirely destroyed when the bank beneath was undermined by the rapidity of the current. A girl asleep in a settle bed was buried eight or ten feet deep in sand and rubbish but was released the next day uninjured.

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    A. p. Feb. 19. — Two houses in Cove which were built on a rising ground next the sea were entirely destroyed, the bank on which they were built being undermined by the rapidity of the current. In one of the houses, a girl, who was asleep in a settle bed, was buried eight or ten feet deep in the sand and rubbish, where she remained till the next day, when she was released from her gloomy prison without having received the least injury.

    A house near Fermoy was blown down the same night, by which two women were killed.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 106

    As the companion tells it

    As the road takes you through Cobh, there is a story from 1767. Two houses stood on rising ground by the sea at Cove. The current ran fast beneath the bank they were built on and undermined it, and both houses were entirely destroyed. In one of them a girl lay asleep in a settle bed. She was buried eight or ten feet deep in the sand and the rubbish, and she stayed there through the night. The next day she was released from what the record calls her gloomy prison, without having received the least injury.

24. Armed assemblies and riots at Hammond's fields near Blarney

    near Blarney · townland · Cork · 1764

    In April 1764, large numbers of armed men assembled every Sunday evening in Hammond's fields near Blarney, dividing into parties and fighting for hours before continuing riots into Cork city. The same fields had previously been a gathering place for ruffians during a period of frequent street robberies and murders.

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    April 15 — A great number of fellows were at this time in the habit of assembling in Hammond's fields near Blarney, every Sunday evening, many of them armed with swords, &.c. in open contempt of inagistracy, where they divided themselves into two parties in order of battle, and generally maintained a running fight for several hours, in which some of both parties seldom failed of getting broken heads ; from thence some of their leaders after their evening's diversion, used to remove the scene of action to the city, and continue rioting the remainder of the night. Before the beginning of the previous war, when knocking down, street robberies and sometimes murders were so frequent here, that the inhabitants were afraid to stir outside their doors after night-fall, it was in those same fields that the ruffians assembled.

    29 — The fellows who assembled this evening according to the sabbath-day custom in Hammond's fields, takhig advantage of the army being from town, diverted themselves by throwing the

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 102

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, in April 1764, a great number of fellows were in the habit of assembling in Hammond's fields, every Sunday evening. Many of them carried swords, in open contempt of magistracy. They divided themselves into two parties, in order of battle, and generally maintained a running fight for several hours, in which some of both parties seldom failed of getting broken heads. After what they called their evening's diversion, some of their leaders used to remove the scene of action to Cork city, and continue rioting for the remainder of the night. These same fields had a longer reputation. Before the beginning of the previous war, when knocking down, street robberies and sometimes murders were so frequent that the inhabitants were afraid to stir outside their doors after nightfall, it was in those same fields that the ruffians assembled.

25. Battle of the Boyne anniversary procession in Henry Street

    Henry Street · street · Cork · 1787

    On the anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne, the Blackpool cavalry assembled in Henry Street opposite the Mansion House and were joined by subtrading corporations that had been discontinued for nearly thirty years. The procession marched in order to and from church.

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    July 1. — Being the anniversary of the battle of the Boyne, the morning was ushered in by the ringing of bells; before noon the Blackpool cavalry assembled m Henry-street, opposite the Mansion house, and were soon after joined by the subtrading corporations, which associations had been discontinued for nearly thirty years. The procession marched in order to and from Church.

    10. — A public dispensary for supplying the sick poor of this city with medical advice and medicines gratis, was established by benefactions and voluntary contributions.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 127

    As the companion tells it

    On the 1st of July 1787, the anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne, bells rang out across Cork. Before noon, the Blackpool cavalry assembled in Henry Street, opposite the Mansion House. They were soon joined by the subtrading corporations, associations that had been discontinued for nearly thirty years. The procession marched in order to and from church.

26. Catholic inhabitants expelled from Cork, 1641

    Cork · city · Cork · 1641–1652

    Roman Catholic inhabitants of Cork were expelled from the city in 1641. A manuscript list drawn up in 1652 records their names, with marks indicating whether they were in or out of the city at that time.

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    f The Roman Catholic inliabitants of Cork were expelled from the city in 1641. The above list contains their names, many of which arc distinguished by one of these marks, "in" or "o," meaning doubtless in or out, that is, in or out of the city — in (wc presume) the year 1G52.

    XXXVm INTRODUCTORY ESSAY.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 24

    As the companion tells it

    Cork was the scene of a sharp removal. In 1641, the Roman Catholic inhabitants of the city were expelled from it. A manuscript list drawn up in 1652 records their names. Many are marked "in" or "o," meaning in or out of the city, as checked that year.

27. Certificate for John Galway's protection of Cork Protestants

    Cork · city · Cork

    A certificate signed by numerous Cork officials and clergy affirmed that John Galway, a Catholic lawyer in the city of Cork, refused to bear arms, sheltered Protestant goods from plunder, visited and bailed imprisoned Protestants, and provided money and provisions to poor Protestant prisoners. The signatories also certified he had been chosen as parliament man for Cork in the late parliament with Protestant support.

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    Oct. IStJi — A certificate signed by the following persons was ,gQA given to John Galvvay of the city of Cork, esquire, counsel at law, " that he demeaned and behaved himself always with great honesty and modeiation in the course of his profession, and in all other ways towards the protestants, that they (the undersigned) never heard he bore arms, but with repeated denyal refused so to do, that he received and sheltered the goods, chatties, deeds, and writings of many English protestants, as well absent as present, by which means they were kept from being robbed and plundered, his countenance and favor being a great means of their protection from ruin and misery ; that upon the imprisoning of protestants he frequently visited them, used great kindness and liberality towards them, bayling and procuring enlargements for several of them, and administering dayly to the necessities of many poor and indigent protestant prisoners, both with money and provisions, which they thought themselves bound in conscience to certify, to the end that his stcddy integrity

    348 CORK REMEMHRANCER

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 214

    As the companion tells it

    In the city of Cork, a certificate was given to John Galway, a Catholic lawyer. It was signed by officials and clergy who testified to his conduct toward Protestants. They certified that he "demeaned and behaved himself always with great honesty and moderation" in his profession and toward Protestants. They said they never heard he bore arms, but that he repeatedly refused to do so. He received and sheltered the goods, chattels, deeds, and writings of many English Protestants, both absent and present. By this means they were kept from being robbed and plundered. His countenance and favor was a great means of their protection from ruin and misery. When Protestants were imprisoned, he frequently visited them. He used great kindness and liberality toward them, bailed and procured enlargements for several, and administered daily to the necessities of many poor and indigent Protestant prisoners, both with money and provisions. The signatories also certified he had been chosen as parliament man for the city in the late parliament with Protestant support.

28. Constables attacked and prisoners rescued on Bandon road

    Cork · city · Cork · 1815

    Five constables conducting prisoners from Bantry were attacked by about thirty men on the Bandon road within two miles of Cork city. The attackers beat the escort, seized their arms, and freed the prisoners.

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    Nov. 10. — As five constables were conducting their prisoners from Bantry, they were attacked on the Bandon road, within two miles of this city, with a volley of stones from about thirty fellows, who deprived them of their arms and rescued the prisoners. Two of the escort escaped into town, after having been cruelly beaten, when Mr. sheriff Deane took a party of dragoons with him, and proceeded to the place where the outrage took place, but could receive no information by which he could trace the flight of the i-uffians.

    Dec. 10. — The weather was very severe, and there having been a gradual thaw on the previous day, there was a considerable flood in the river.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 152

    As the companion tells it

    On the 10th of November, 1815, five constables were conducting prisoners from Bantry along the Bandon road, within two miles of Cork. About thirty men set on them with a volley of stones, took their arms, and freed the prisoners. Two of the escort made it into town after being cruelly beaten. Mr. Sheriff Deane went out with a party of dragoons to the place where it happened, but could get no information to trace those who had done it.

29. Coppingers of Barryscourt retained Catholic estates

    near Barryscourt · street · Cork · 1641–1700

    After the rebellions and revolutions of the 17th century, the Coppingers of Barryscourt were one of only two Roman Catholic families in County Cork whose estates escaped confiscation. Most other Catholic landed families lost their property through forfeitures.

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    So complete was the revolution of property produced by these events, that the gentry of this county became almost wholly protestant, and the Roman Catholic religion, or an Irish surname, became in latter times prima facie a mark of inferior station. We are unable to recollect more than two Roman Catholic fiimilies now existing in tliis county, whose estates escaped these confiscations, namely the Coppingers, of Barryscourt, and the Barrys, of Lemlara. There were however some others who since conformed to the established religion. The peasantry, with the exception of a few inaccurate dabblers in antiquity, have very oljscure traditionary recollections of these changes, and regard the present proprietors with the full veneration usually attached to ancient rank ; nor can we perceive in them any propensity towards detraction on these accounts, notwithstanding the bitterness of political and religious dissentions. It is a mistake also to suppose that the peasantry preserve the title deeds of their families: we have made enquiry on this pointand find the fact tobe very much the contrary: indeed it would be impossible to preserve for so many years such frail articles as family documents hi such places as the cabins of the peasantry. The case mentioned by Mr. Weld, in his guide to Killarney, is a singular exception. However, the families of forfeiting persons have not always been depressed so very low as has been supposed. Nevertheless we have heard of few instances in which they have preserved their title deeds, and in such cases they have done so more by chance than design. In the mean time the succeeding links of their pedigrees have become obscure ; and their ancestral claims (except in the case of a few remarkable aboriginal families,) are by their countrymen unnoticed and unknown.

    At the head of the ancient families of this county who preserved their estates through all the convulsions of the country may be placed the Barrys earls of Barrymoro. They were descended from a brother of Geraldus Cambrensis, the first English historian of this country, and obtained their estates by a grant to

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 27

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Barryscourt, the Coppingers held on. After the rebellions and revolutions of the 1600s, the landed gentry of County Cork became almost wholly Protestant. A Roman Catholic religion, or an Irish surname, came to be seen as a mark of inferior station. Most Catholic families lost their estates through forfeiture. The Coppingers of Barryscourt were one of only two Roman Catholic families in the county whose lands escaped these confiscations. The other was the Barrys of Lemlara. Some families survived by conforming to the established religion. The peasantry, for their part, kept only vague traditional recollections of these great changes. They regarded the present proprietors with the full veneration usually attached to ancient rank, and showed no inclination toward detraction, despite the bitterness of political and religious dissensions. It is a mistake to suppose that the peasantry preserved the title deeds of their families. Enquiry on the point found the contrary to be true. It would have been impossible to preserve for so many years such frail articles as family documents in such places as the cabins of the peasantry. The families of forfeiting persons were not always depressed as low as has been supposed. But few preserved their title deeds, and those that did managed it more by chance than design. The succeeding links of their pedigrees became obscure, and their ancestral claims, except in the case of a few remarkable aboriginal families, went unnoticed and unknown by their countrymen.

30. Cork cavalry pursues insurgents near Castletownshend

    Castletownshend · town · Cork · 1783

    The Cork cavalry set off for Castle Townsend in quest of insurgents said to be meditating mischief, scouring the country and apprehending Denis Connell for sounding a horn to assemble a mob.

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    The Cork cavalry set off from this city to Castle Townsend, in quest of some insurgents, said to have been meditating mischief against the inhabitants of that neighbourhood: after scouring the country for a great nimiber of miles, they apprehended Denis Connell, otherwise Cock-a-bendy, who was charged with sounding a horn with an intent to assemble a mob and disturb the peace.

    J^Iay 27. — At have past five o'clock this evening, the remains of Ebenezer Morrison, major of the Aughrim society, were conducted from his house by the armed societies, over parliament bridge, along the South Mall, Grand Parade, Castle street and the South main-street, to Christ church, in solemn procession.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 124

    As the companion tells it

    Castletownshend is a town in Cork. In 1783, the Cork cavalry set off from the city for this town, in quest of insurgents said to be meditating mischief against the inhabitants of the neighbourhood. They scoured the country for a great number of miles. Then they apprehended Denis Connell, otherwise called Cock-a-bendy, charged with sounding a horn to assemble a mob and disturb the peace.

31. Cork city election: voter intimidation and broken windows

    Cork · city · Cork

    During an election contest in Cork city between Mr. Newenham and Mr. Cavendish, voters supporting Newenham reported having their doors nailed up and windows maliciously broken by opponents. The political canvassing involved bribes, obligations, and factional clubs.

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    oTTiuends in following a party iiithe city, busying himself in their affairs, running into their cabals, and tittering upon any little success they meet with, the more ridiculously, as he had no vote to help them. He condemned him for extorting a promise from their sexton, Joseph Hoare, (styled Joseph Selfwill, and called a silly fellow, easily cajoled) to vote according to his direction. Cambridge is represented as avowing his support for Cavendish, his prevailing on Hoare for his vote, and glorying in both. George Randle, (called Zebede Solus) apologized for Cambridge, on the plea of his want of judgment. Fuller rejoined with a sneer at the gaiety of Handle's dress. Randle then recommended that they should act with unanimity, so as to give the body of Friends some force, and spoke against Cavendish, as he was supported by a party, many of whom had been their bitter enemies. "I have" said he " no shop to mind, or house to care for ; but you who have both can say, your doors have been nailed up, and windows maliciously broke, and could lay your fingers on some ■who, now forgetting or hoping you have forgot all their malice, can beg a favour of you." He recommended Mr. Newenham as a youth of mildness and humility, easy of address, though great in fortune, and said that he was joined by their old great friend, (the speaker.)

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 178

    As the companion tells it

    Cork was the scene of a bitter election contest between Mr. Newenham and Mr. Cavendish, and the quarrel reached into the smallest affairs of the city. A man named Cambridge was accused of busying himself in factional cabals, running with a party though he had no vote of his own. He was condemned for extorting a promise from the sexton, Joseph Hoare, a man styled Joseph Selfwill and called a silly fellow, easily cajoled, to vote as Cambridge directed. Cambridge avowed his support for Cavendish, boasted of prevailing on Hoare for his vote, and gloried in both. George Randle, called Zebede Solus, apologized for Cambridge on the plea of his want of judgment. Fuller answered with a sneer at the gaiety of Randle's dress. Randle then urged them to act with unanimity, so the body of Friends might have some force. He spoke against Cavendish, whose party included many who had been their bitter enemies. Randle told them he had no shop to mind or house to care for. But he said the rest of them could say their doors had been nailed up and windows maliciously broke. He recommended Mr. Newenham as a youth of mildness and humility, easy of address, though great in fortune.

32. Cork County Court-house collapses during bishop's trial

    Cork · city · Cork

    The county Court-house in Cork fell down on the day Doctor Creagh, titular bishop of Cork, was tried. Several persons were killed and others had limbs broken, though the judge and bishop escaped unhurt. The court-house was rebuilt the following year.

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    The county Court-house fell down the day that Doctor Creagh, A. D. titular bishop of Cork, was tried. Some persons were killed and several others had their legs and arms broken : the judge and bishop received no hurt. The court-house was rebuilt the year following.

    Dec. — A blazing star, whose tail exteeded 40° in length, was seen in the west of this county.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 90

    As the companion tells it

    Cork saw a disaster when the county Court-house fell down on the day Doctor Creagh, titular bishop of Cork, was tried. Some persons were killed. Several others had their legs and arms broken. The judge and the bishop received no hurt. The court-house was rebuilt the year following.

33. Cork Society of Arts established for painting and sculpture

    Cork · city · Cork

    The Society of Arts was established in Cork for the advancement of painting and sculpture, initially well supported with numerous students and anatomy lectures. When funds became insufficient, the casts were transferred to the Royal Cork Institution.

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    The Society of Arts was established this year for the advance- ^^^^ ment of painting and sculpture, and was at first liberally encouraged. George 4th, when Prince Regent, presented this Society, in 1820, with a very valuable collection of casts from the antique ; the students were nuftierous, and were instructed in drawing; and a course of lectures on anatomy, as connected with the art of design, was regularly delivered ; but the funds becoming in a few years insufficient to defray the expenses, the casts were transferred to the Royal Cork Institution.

    Jan. 12. — Four fellows, in a state of intoxication, rushed into St. Mary Shandon church, during divine service, disturbed the congregation, interrupted the clergyman, and shocked all present by their horrid blasphemy. They were removed with much difficulty.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 151

    As the companion tells it

    Cork had a Society of Arts, established for the advancement of painting and sculpture, and at first it was liberally encouraged. George the 4th, when Prince Regent, presented the Society in 1820 with a very valuable collection of casts from the antique. The students were numerous, and were instructed in drawing. A course of lectures on anatomy, as connected with the art of design, was regularly delivered. But the funds became, in a few years, insufficient to defray the expenses, and the casts were transferred to the Royal Cork Institution.

34. Cork supports Perkin Warbeck; citizen Walters executed

    Cork · city · Cork · 1492

    In 1492, the city of Cork imprudently took the lead in supporting Perkin Warbeck. Walters, a principal citizen, was summoned to Dublin by the Irish parliament, seized, sent to London, tried, and executed. The city was involved in the consequences.

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    In the middle ages, the cities of Europe were agitated by violent intestine factions. Within their walls stood many castles, in which the principal citizens resided, and which were built for security against sudden ebullitions of popular violence. We find no account of a similar state of things in our cities and towns. Yet we know that John Skiddy, in 1 445, built in the main street of Cork, the castle called after his name. It was a large high tower similaj- to those of the country, and remained until 1785.* It is hardly possible that the citizens could quite so soon have been divided by the claims of York and Lancaster, which some years afterwards aroused all Ireland. However, in 1492, the city of Cork, very imprudently took the lead in support of Perkin Warbeck. The result was, that Walters, a principal citizen, was summoned to Dublin by the Irish parliament, was there seized, sent to London, tried and executed. The city was involved in

    * We have seen the will of Edward Roche, merchant of Cork, made in 1626, which bequeathes "the small castle called the Parentiz, in the city of Cork." What sort of building this may have been we are unable to say; but there seems no reason to conclude with Mr. Crofton Croker, that stone houses were called castles, except in Ulster, where we have heard that the castles built in accordance with the conditions of king James Ist's grants, were merely houses with bawus.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 23

    As the companion tells it

    In the Middle Ages, cities across Europe were torn by violent factions, and within their walls stood castles where principal citizens lived, built for security against sudden outbursts of popular violence. The city of Cork was not entirely free of such things. In 1492, the city very imprudently took the lead in support of Perkin Warbeck. The result was that Walters, a principal citizen, was summoned to Dublin by the Irish parliament. He was seized there, sent to London, tried, and executed. The city itself was involved in the consequences. John Skiddy had built a castle in the main street, a large high tower similar to those of the country, which remained standing until 1785. A will from 1626, that of Edward Roche, a merchant here, bequeaths "the small castle called the Parentiz." What sort of building this was is unclear, but there seems no reason to conclude that stone houses were called castles only in Ulster, where castles built under the conditions of King James the First's grants were merely houses with bawns.

35. Danes colonise Cork marshes and build walls

    Cork · city · Cork · 800–899

    A colony of Danes in the ninth century took possession of a portion of the marshes at Cork, surrounding their settlement with walls and giving importance to the place. The name Cork signifies a marsh.

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    might have given a name to the city:* indeed part of it might have been built on them before the arrival of the Danes : however, a colony of that people, in the ninth century, took possession of a portion of these marshes, and surrounded it with walls, and the importance thus given to the place was perhaps sufficient to extend its name to the other part, even though it bore a different name before. That there was a settlement of the natives on the hill before the arrival of the Danes, seems to be confirmed by the fact, that a round towerf formerly stood near the cathedral ; for it is generally admitted, that these towers were built by the natives; if it required, any further proof, we might adduce the case of the round tower of Glendalough, in the coimty of Wicklow, which stands in a bleak barren spot in a hollow of the mountains, where no foreigners would dare to settle, exposed as they would be to perpetual incursions of the natives, descending from an unknown and inaccessible country, and removed to a distance from navigation and commerce.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 19

    As the companion tells it

    Cork takes its name from a marsh. In the ninth century a colony of Danes took possession of a portion of these marshes and surrounded their settlement with walls. The importance they gave to the place was perhaps enough to extend the name to the rest of the area, even if it had borne a different name before. There seems to have been a settlement of the natives on the hill before the Danes arrived. A round tower formerly stood near the cathedral, and these towers are generally admitted to have been built by the natives. The round tower of Glendalough in the county of Wicklow offers further evidence. It stands in a bleak barren spot in a hollow of the mountains, where no foreigners would dare to settle, exposed as they would be to perpetual incursions of the natives, descending from an unknown and inaccessible country, and removed to a distance from navigation and commerce.

36. Death of orator John Philpot Curran, born in Newmarket

    Newmarket · town · Cork · 1817

    The distinguished advocate, orator, and patriot John Philpot Curran died at his apartments at Brompton. He was born in the town of Newmarket, near Cork, of very humble parents, and entered life without a friend or a shilling.

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    21. — At nine o'clock this night, at his apartments at Brompton, died the right honourable John Philpot Curran. This distinguished advocate, orator, and patriot, was born in the town of Newmarket, near Cork, of very humble parents, and entered upon life without a friend, but of his own creation, or a shilling which was not the hard earned produce of his own exertions.

    25. — The post boy, conveying the mail from Youghal to Cork, was stopped this evening by two armed men, who took possession of the mail ; upon hearing the cries of the boy, one Michael Echran, who was going towards Glanmire, rushed boldly forward, upon which the robbers made their escape into Lota wood, leaving the mail behind them, which was safely delivered by the boy, at the post office.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 156

    As the companion tells it

    Newmarket is the town where John Philpot Curran was born, of very humble parents. He entered life without a friend of his own creation, or a shilling that was not the hard-earned produce of his own exertions. He became a distinguished advocate, orator, and patriot. At nine o'clock at night, at his apartments at Brompton, he died. The year was 1817.

37. Duke of Ormond visits Kinsale and renames Ringcurran fort

    near Charles Fort · monument · Cork

    The Duke of Ormond visited Kinsale and lodged at the new fort, observed the harbour, inspected pilchard fishing trials, and rode about the hills of Ringcurran. On August 25th he began a health to his majesty, discharged all artillery, and changed the fort's name from Ringcurran to Charles-fort.

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    ^u^. 22. — The duke of Ormond being lord lieutenant, came to ^ggj Kinsale, and the same evening visited the new fort, where he and his retinue lodged ; next morning his grace was rowed up and down to observe the harbour, and having dined at Sir Robert Southwell's, he Avent in the afternoon to see some trials of the pilchard fishing, with which he was very much entertained. He dined the next day at the old fort with Sir Richard Booth. In the evening he rode about the hills of Ringcurran, and lay every night at Sir Nicholas Armorer's. On the 25th, being at the new fort, "he began a health to his majesty,"' when there was a discharge of all the artillery. He changed its name from Ringcurran to Charles-fort, and then departed for Cork, being well satisfied with the fortification.

    March 22. — At an assizes held for this coimty, the grand jury ig82 addressed king Charles II, thanking him for the blessings of peace, security, and a flourishing trade, and assuring his majesty of their firm attachment to his person and government.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 90

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Charles Fort, the Duke of Ormond came to Kinsale while serving as lord lieutenant. He visited the new fort that same evening, and he and his retinue lodged there. Next morning he was rowed up and down to observe the harbour. Having dined at Sir Robert Southwell's, he went in the afternoon to see trials of the pilchard fishing, and was very much entertained by it. He dined the next day at the old fort with Sir Richard Booth. In the evening he rode about the hills of Ringcurran, and lay every night at Sir Nicholas Armorer's. On the 25th, being at the new fort, he began a health to his majesty, when there was a discharge of all the artillery. He changed its name from Ringcurran to Charles-fort, and then departed for Cork, well satisfied with the fortification.

38. French warship captured off Castletownshend

    Castletownshend · town · Cork · 1780

    The French vessel Count D'Artois of 74 guns was taken off the harbour of Castletownshend by Captain M'Bride of HMS Bienfaisant, earning the captain the freedom of Cork city.

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    Aug. 13. — The Count D'Artois, a French vessel of 74gvms, was taken off the harbour of Castle-Townsend, by captain M'Bride commander of his Majesty's ship Bienfaisant, who was presented with his freedom of the city of Cork on the 17th of the same month, by the mayor and corporation, for such service.

    JVov. 4. — Being the anniversary of the birth of king William, several of the armed societies fired three volleys on the Mall, in honour of the day. 1781 Ja^- 28. — The freedom of this city was presented to the lord

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 122

    As the companion tells it

    The road passes near Castletownshend in Cork. On the 13th of August 1780, the French warship Count D'Artois, carrying 74 guns, was taken off its harbour. Captain M'Bride, commander of His Majesty's ship Bienfaisant, made the capture. On the 17th of the same month, the mayor and corporation of Cork presented him with the freedom of the city for the service.

39. Frigates land seamen in Baltimore bay

    Baltimore · town · Cork · 1691

    The Dragon and Advice frigates, being in Baltimore bay, landed 100 seamen who joined with militia and marched up the country, contenting themselves with a booty of cattle.

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    An engagement took place between the militia and the Irish at the ford of Ballyderawn, in which the former were successful. In the same month lieutenant Moore met with a party near Bantry, where he killed five, and cornet Evanson four of the enemy. On the 15th the militia of Eandon took captain Hugh Donovan and six of his regiment prisoners, and surprized forty rapparees in a wood, as they were at supper, from whom they tc ok twenty horses and other booty. About this time also the Dragon and Advice, frigates, being in Baltimore bay landed 100 seamen, wiio, joining with some of the militia, marched up the country, but contented themselves with a booty of cattle.

    June. — Inniskeen was, by order of governor Cox, fortified and a garrison of the militia put into it, a party of whom he detached under colonel Townshend towards Bantry, where they killed near 100 rapparees, and brought off a great deal of plunder. Colonel Hastings marched from Cork and seized Drumana, on the Blackwater. Major Stroud, at the head of a party of militia, killed several rapparees near Ballyclough, and lieutenant-colonel Moore, ten days after, slew GO more near Bandon.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 92

    As the companion tells it

    The town of Baltimore sits on the coast of Cork, and in 1691 its bay was the landing place for two Royal Navy frigates, the Dragon and the Advice. They put ashore 100 seamen, who joined with militia already in the field and marched up the country. They took no strongholds and fought no recorded battle. They contented themselves with a booty of cattle. The landing was one action among many that year. Not far away, at the ford of Ballyderawn, the militia had already fought the Irish and won. Lieutenant Moore killed five of the enemy near Bantry, and cornet Evanson killed four more. The militia of Bandon took captain Hugh Donovan and six of his regiment prisoner, and surprised forty rapparees in a wood as they were at supper, taking twenty horses and other goods from them. Later, a party under colonel Townshend killed near 100 rapparees near Bantry and brought off a great deal of plunder. Baltimore's part in all of this was as a doorway: the bay where armed men stepped off ships and onto Irish ground.

40. Gaoler fined for sham hand-burning of prisoner in Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1751

    Cork city gaoler Benjamin Bonworth was fined £40 and imprisoned for failing to properly brand Timothy Bourke with a hot iron as sentenced, having used a cold iron instead.

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    ^iig. — Benjamin Bonworth, the city gaoler, was fined £40, and ordered to be imprisoned until it was paid, for not having done his duty in burning one Timothy Bourke on the hand with a hot iron, as he was directed; it being a cold one he made use of.

    1752 This year consisted of but 355 days, the period from the 2d to the 13th of November (both inclusive) not being reckoned, but omitted in order to make our year commence at the same time as that of other nations. This was m hat was termed " new style."

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 100

    As the companion tells it

    In 1751, in the city of Cork, Benjamin Bonworth, the city gaoler, was fined £40 and ordered to be imprisoned until it was paid. He had failed to do his duty. He was directed to burn one Timothy Bourke on the hand with a hot iron, but it was a cold one he made use of.

41. General Lake's curfew and household registration in Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1799

    On March 16th, 1799, General Lake directed all persons in Cork county to post lists of household inhabitants on their doors and forbade anyone from being absent between eight o'clock at night and sunrise, on pain of court martial.

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    March 16. — General Lake gave directions for all persons in this county to post upon their doors a list of the inhabitants in each house, and that no person on any pretext whatever should be absent from his house, during the hours between eight o'clock at night and sunrise, and that any persons not complying with these directions, should be made prisoners, and immediately sutler whatever punishment a court martial might adjudge.

    Mai/ 9. — The body of a deserter, who had been shot, was exposed suspended to a lamp iron, as a public spectacle of shame until the following evening, when it was buried.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 134

    As the companion tells it

    On March 16, 1799, General Lake gave orders that reached every household in Cork. All persons in the county had to post on their doors a list of the inhabitants of each house. No one was to be absent from their house between eight o'clock at night and sunrise, on any pretext whatever. Anyone not complying would be made a prisoner and face whatever punishment a court martial might adjudge. On May 9, the body of a deserter who had been shot was exposed, suspended from a lamp iron, as a public spectacle of shame until the following evening, when it was buried.

42. Grove defends old Danish fort near Ross

    near Ross · parish · Cork · 1642

    After the attack at Clonakilty, Captain Robert Grove made good his retreat to an old Danish fort on the way to Ross, which he defended until the rest of the forces came to his relief.

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    Lord Forbes with his regiment landed at Kinsale, and marched to Bandon, where having obtained rehiforeemeuts, he marched westward, and on the 18th of October arrived at Clonakilty. Here he left one Bandon and two Scotch companies to secure that town till his return from Rathbariy; but shortly after he had quitted the town, they were attacked by the Irish; whereupon Robert Grove, captain of the Bandon company advised a retreat about four miles to the main body, which the Scotch troops who were with them refusing, they were cut to })ieces; but Grove made good his retreat to an old Danish fort in the way to Ross, which he defended until the rest of the forces came to his relief. Being thus reinforced the whole body fell upon the Irish, and forced them into the island of Inchidony, where the tide being in, upwards of 600 were drowned. Upon their return to Clonakilty they found a great nmuber of men, women and children imprisoned in the market place, in order to be burned by the Irish, as a bonfire for joy at their ex}X3cted success.

    Every day afforded fresh instances of the ill-faith and treachery of the Irish. The garrisons of the castles of Cloghleigh and Coole, who had surrendered upon a promise of c[uarter and safe convoy, were murdered or kept prisoners. Towards the end of this year lord Broghill and captain Jephson were added to lord Inchiquin as commissioners for the government of Munster by the lords justices, and were to have command in the army.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 78

    As the companion tells it

    As the road passes through the parish of Ross, there is the story of an old Danish fort that once stood in this country. In 1642, Lord Forbes landed at Kinsale with his regiment and marched to Bandon, where he gathered reinforcements. He marched westward and on the 18th of October arrived at Clonakilty. There he left one Bandon company and two Scotch companies to secure the town while he went on to Rathbarry. Shortly after he departed, the Irish attacked the men he had left behind. Robert Grove, captain of the Bandon company, advised a retreat about four miles to rejoin the main body. The Scotch troops who were with them refused to go. They were cut to pieces. But Grove made good his retreat to an old Danish fort on the way to Ross, and there he held his ground, defending it until the rest of the forces came to his relief. Once reinforced, the whole body fell upon the Irish and forced them into the island of Inchidony. The tide was in, and upwards of 600 were drowned. Returning to Clonakilty, they found a great number of men, women and children imprisoned in the market place, meant to be burned by the Irish as a bonfire for joy at their expected success.

43. Irish expelled from Youghal by Lord Inchiquin

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1644

    Following the discovery of the plot to betray Cork, Lord Inchiquin also turned the Irish out of Youghal at the same time. The action was part of a broader suppression of the Catholic party in Munster cities.

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    betray the city oi Cork into tlic liauds of the Irish, for which A.D. some who confessed the fact were executed. Coppiuger the mayor combined with the rebels; but they hijudiciously opposing the levies granted for supporting the English soldiers, he was committed by lord Inchiquin before the plot could be put into execution, and the Irish were at the same time turned out of the city,* as also out of Kinsale and Youghal. The civil authority ceased in Cork in consequence, and was not renewed till the year 1655, when Sir Wm. Penton, Maurice Roche, Christopher Oliver, John Morley, and John Hodder, who were ancient freemen, elected said Hodder to be mayor. For these services lord Inchiquin was appointed lord president of Munster by the English parliament ; but not having obtained any supplies, he was obliged to agree to a temporary cessation of hostilities, which continued till the following spring, when the war was renewed by the earl of Castlehaven,

    *The particulars of the exclusion of the Roman Catholic party from Cork by lord Inchiquin, are thus related in a rare tract, enlitled, "A plot discovered in Ireland, and prevented without the shedding of blood." London, printed by Jane Coe, 1G44.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 80

    As the companion tells it

    Youghal is a town the road passes through in Cork. In 1644, a plot was uncovered to betray the city of Cork into the hands of the Irish. Some who confessed to it were executed. Coppinger, the mayor of Cork, had combined with the rebels, and he hindered the levies granted for supporting the English soldiers. Before the plot could be put into execution, Lord Inchiquin had him committed. At the same time, the Irish were turned out of Cork, and also out of Kinsale and Youghal. Civil authority in Cork ceased after this, and was not renewed until 1655. For these actions, Lord Inchiquin was appointed lord president of Munster by the English parliament. But he had obtained no supplies, and was obliged to agree to a temporary cessation of hostilities. That lasted until the following spring, when the earl of Castlehaven renewed the war.

44. Irish nobility snubbed at King John's Waterford landing

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1185

    Upon King John's landing at Waterford, Irish nobility who had remained loyal to the English came to welcome him but were rudely treated by his attendants. They abandoned their habitations and joined the kings of Limerick, Conaught and Cork, forming a confederacy and taking up arms against the English.

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    1185 Upon King John's landing at Waterford the Lish nobility of these parts, that had hitherto continued their obedience to the English, came to welcome him ; but, being rudely entertained by the young men who attended him, they retired, forsook their habitations, and betook themselves to the king of Limerick, and related to him, and to the kings of Conaught and Cork, what had happened to them : upon notice whereof, they, who before were prepared to make their addresses to John, with profession of their obedience and fidelity, fearing greater mischiefs might follow from so ill a begimiing, though they were at variance before among themselves, now entered into a mutual confederacy, took up arms for the defence of their coimtry and liberty, and wasted and destroyed much of the English plantations.

    CORK REMEMBRANCER. »

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 40

    As the companion tells it

    Waterford, in 1185, was where King John first landed in Ireland. The Irish nobility of these parts, who had kept their obedience to the English, came to welcome him. But the young men attending John treated them rudely. The nobles withdrew, forsook their habitations, and went to the king of Limerick. They told him, and the kings of Conaught and Cork, what had happened. Those kings had been ready to make their addresses to John, with profession of their obedience and fidelity. But fearing greater mischiefs might follow from so ill a beginning, though they had been at variance among themselves before, they now entered into a mutual confederacy. They took up arms for the defence of their country and liberty, and wasted and destroyed much of the English plantations.

45. Kinsale's 1333 charter: ruinous walls and licence to war on the Irish

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1333

    Edward III's charter to Kinsale granted the burgesses privilege to make war upon the Irish, noting the town was surrounded by Irish enemies and English rebels who had often assaulted it by sea and land. The walls were ruinous and the burgesses unable to repair them.

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    ation, (not a commencement as in other countries) of their domestic government; they afterwards received grants of other privileges from time to time : that which authorized them to disarm all strangers entering their city, was a curious support and sanction of their isolated existence. In 1 333, a privilege was granted to the town of Kinsale to make war upon the Irish; this was contained in its lirst charter, that of Edward III, which informs us that this town was then surrounded by Irish enemies, and English rebels ; that these had often by sea and land assaulted it, and that the burgesses had always obeyed the king's orders in repelling them. It states also, that the walls were ruinous, and the burgesses not able to repair them. These statements shew that the inhabitants of Kinsale had been a municipal community long before ; but we find no account of its foundation. It plainly appears that a high value was set upon the towns ; that they were conciliated and cherished by government, as the only seats of law and order, and the main support of the king's authority in these parts. The favors shewn to them were very remarkable, and very much in derogation of the royal authority. Spenser was of opinion, that in his day great public inconvenience resulted from their excessive privileges.

    Youghal must have been a municipal town long before the charter of Edward IV,* for we find mention of its superior or sovereign in 1360 ;(1) it was, as we have seen, one of those towns which granted a parliamentary subsidy in 1300. In 1373, it was called on by government to send six representatives to a sort of council or parliament, to consult on important aftairs. In 1377, it sent representatives to a parliament, as did Kinsale in \366.{'^) These towns however, were often omitted in summoning parliaments, but the city of Cork always held a prominent place in the national councils.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 22

    As the companion tells it

    Kinsale, in Cork, is a town the road passes through or near. In 1333, Edward III granted Kinsale its first charter, and with it a privilege that stands out: the burgesses were authorized to make war upon the Irish. The charter itself tells us why. It says the town was then surrounded by Irish enemies and English rebels. These had often assaulted it, by sea and by land. The burgesses, it notes, had always obeyed the king's orders in repelling them. The charter also states that the walls of Kinsale were ruinous, and that the burgesses were not able to repair them. So the crown gave them leave to fight, because they were already fighting, and because the walls that should have sheltered them were falling apart. These statements in the charter show that the people of Kinsale had been a municipal community long before 1333, though no account of the town's foundation survives. A high value was set upon towns like this one. They were conciliated and cherished by government as the only seats of law and order, and as the main support of the king's authority in these parts. The favours shown to them were remarkable, and very much in derogation of royal authority. Spenser was of the opinion that in his day great public inconvenience resulted from their excessive privileges.

46. Lord Courcy of Kilbrittain and his revenue

    near Kilbrittain · street · Cork

    A petition from the citizens of Cork listed Lord Courcy of Kilbrittain among the major Anglo-Norman lords of County Cork, with a yearly revenue of £1,500 sterling besides havens and creeks, whose lands had been overrun by Irish forces.

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    The inhabitants of Cork, being at this time tired witli perpetual oppression of their Irish neighbours, complained, in a general writing directed to the lord Rutland and Cork, the king's deputy there, and to the council of the realm, then assembled at Dublin. The writing was as follows : — " It may please your wisdoms to have pity on us, the king's poor subjects, within the county of Cork, or else we are cast away for ever ; (for where there was in this county, these lords by name, knights, esquires, gentlemen and yeomen, to a great number, that might dispend £800, £600, £400, £200, £100, 100 marks, £20, 20 marks, £10 ; some more, some less, besides those lords following : — first the lord marquis Caro ; his yearly revenue was, besides Dorzeyhaven, and other creeks, £2,200 sterling ; the lord Barnewale of Beerhaven ; his yearly revenue was, besides Bearehaven, and other creeks, £1,600 sterling: the lord Vggan of the great castle ; his yearly revenue was, besides havens and creeks, £1,300 sterling: the lord Balram of Emforte ; his yearly revenues, besides havens and creeks, 1,300 sterling : the lord Courcy of Kilbrittain ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, 1,500 sterling : the lord Mandeville of Barrenstelly ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £1,500 sterling : the lord Arundell of the Strand ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £ 1 ,500 sterling : the lord Baron of the Guard ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £1,100 sterling: the lord Sleynie of Baltimore; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £800 sterling : the lord Roche of Poole castle ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £1,000 sterling. The king's majesty hath the

    E

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 53

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Kilbrittain, you are in lands that once belonged to one of the great Anglo-Norman lords of County Cork. The citizens of Cork had endured what they called the perpetual oppression of their Irish neighbours, and they sent a complaint to the lord Rutland, the king's deputy, and to the council assembled at Dublin. They begged for pity, saying they were the king's poor subjects in County Cork, and that without help they were cast away for ever. They listed the lords who had held these lands, with their yearly revenues. There had been knights, esquires, gentlemen and yeomen in great number who could spend 800 pounds, 600, 400, 200, 100, 100 marks, 20 pounds, 20 marks, 10 pounds, some more and some less. Then they named the chief lords. The lord marquis Caro had a yearly revenue of 2,200 pounds sterling, besides Dorzeyhaven and other creeks. The lord Barnewale of Beerhaven had 1,600 pounds, besides Bearehaven and other creeks. The lord Vggan of the great castle had 1,300 pounds. The lord Balram of Emforte had 1,300 pounds. And the lord Courcy of Kilbrittain had a yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, of 1,500 pounds sterling. The lord Mandeville of Barrenstelly had the same. The lord Arundell of the Strand had the same. The lord Baron of the Guard had 1,100 pounds. The lord Sleynie of Baltimore had 800 pounds. The lord Roche of Poole castle had 1,000 pounds. All of these lands had been overrun, and the petition asked the king's council to remember what County Cork had lost.

47. Lord Forbes lands at Kinsale and marches to Bandon

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1642

    Lord Forbes with his regiment landed at Kinsale and marched to Bandon, where he obtained reinforcements before marching westward, arriving at Clonakilty on 18 October 1642.

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    Lord Forbes with his regiment landed at Kinsale, and marched to Bandon, where having obtained rehiforeemeuts, he marched westward, and on the 18th of October arrived at Clonakilty. Here he left one Bandon and two Scotch companies to secure that town till his return from Rathbariy; but shortly after he had quitted the town, they were attacked by the Irish; whereupon Robert Grove, captain of the Bandon company advised a retreat about four miles to the main body, which the Scotch troops who were with them refusing, they were cut to })ieces; but Grove made good his retreat to an old Danish fort in the way to Ross, which he defended until the rest of the forces came to his relief. Being thus reinforced the whole body fell upon the Irish, and forced them into the island of Inchidony, where the tide being in, upwards of 600 were drowned. Upon their return to Clonakilty they found a great nmuber of men, women and children imprisoned in the market place, in order to be burned by the Irish, as a bonfire for joy at their ex}X3cted success.

    Every day afforded fresh instances of the ill-faith and treachery of the Irish. The garrisons of the castles of Cloghleigh and Coole, who had surrendered upon a promise of c[uarter and safe convoy, were murdered or kept prisoners. Towards the end of this year lord Broghill and captain Jephson were added to lord Inchiquin as commissioners for the government of Munster by the lords justices, and were to have command in the army.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 78

    As the companion tells it

    Kinsale is the town where Lord Forbes came ashore in 1642 with his regiment, landing before marching inland to Bandon. There he obtained reinforcements and turned westward, reaching Clonakilty on the 18th of October. He left one Bandon company and two Scotch companies to hold the town until his return from Rathbariy. But shortly after he had gone, the Irish attacked them. Robert Grove, captain of the Bandon company, advised a retreat of about four miles to rejoin the main body. The Scotch troops refused, and they were cut to pieces. Grove made good his retreat to an old Danish fort on the way to Ross, and held it until the rest of the forces came to his relief. Thus reinforced, the whole body fell upon the Irish and drove them into the island of Inchidony, where the tide was in, and upwards of 600 were drowned. Returning to Clonakilty, they found a great number of men, women and children imprisoned in the market place, put there by the Irish to be burned as a bonfire for joy at their expected success. The garrisons of the castles of Cloghleigh and Coole, who had surrendered on a promise of quarter and safe convoy, were murdered or kept prisoners. Towards the end of this year, Lord Broghill and Captain Jephson were added to Lord Inchiquin as commissioners for the government of Munster by the lords justices, and were to have command in the army.

48. Man killed in affray at Newgate, upper Mallow-lane

    Cork · city · Cork

    A man was killed during a nighttime affray at the height of Newgate, identified as the upper part of Mallow-lane in Cork city.

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    March 1 . — A man was killed in an affray this night at the height of Newgate, i. e. the upper part of Mallow-lane.

    8. — One of the centinels at Soiithgatc was knocked down by three desperadoes, who, were it not for the noise of passengers approaching, would have thrown him over the bridge, but dread of apprehension made them run off. The evening of the same day (to use the words of the newspaper,) was concluded in a most pious and devout manner by the warlike sons and daughters

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 112

    As the companion tells it

    Cork had a rough night on the first of March. A man was killed in an affray at the height of Newgate, which the record calls the upper part of Mallow-lane. A week later, on the eighth, three men knocked down a sentinel at Southgate. They would have thrown him over the bridge had not the noise of approaching passengers frightened them off. The newspaper said the evening of that same day was concluded in a most pious and devout manner by the warlike sons and daughters.

49. Marlborough's siege and capture of Cork, 1690

    Cork · city · Cork · 1690

    King William's forces under the Duke of Marlborough besieged and captured Cork in 1690, relieving the Protestant inhabitants from imprisonment. The citizens later supplied several regiments with considerable sums for their subsistence, for which they were never compensated.

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    That yniu* petitrs ;vcrc relieved from theii- prisons and their miseries, by king William of glorious memory, under the command of your majt'e's renowned and victorious general, his grace the duke of Marlborough, who besieged the said citty, and took it in the year IGDO.

    That soone after, your petitrs supi)Iyed severall regiamts of king William's army with severall considerable sums of money for their subsistence, for which your petifs never received any satisfaction, which has been a great loss to your petrs , vvho have but a very small and precarious revenue for the support of their corporation.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 176

    As the companion tells it

    In 1690, King William's forces under the Duke of Marlborough besieged Cork and took the city. The Protestant inhabitants were relieved from their prisons and their miseries. Soon after, the citizens supplied several regiments of King William's army with considerable sums of money for their subsistence. They never received any satisfaction for this. It was a great loss to them, for they had but a very small and precarious revenue for the support of their corporation.

50. Marquis of Ormond lands at Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1648

    On 29 September 1648, the Marquis of Ormond landed at Cork and was respectfully received by Lord Inchiquin and his officers. He wrote to the supreme council requesting commissioners to meet him at Carrick to treat for peace.

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    Se2:)t. 29 — The marquis of Ormond landed at Cork, where he was respectfully received by lord Inchiquin and his officers. On the 4th of October, he wrote to the supreme council, stating that his majesty had commissioned him to treat of a peace, and desired that commissioners might be sent to meet him at Carrick.

    Oct. 6 — Lord Ormond published a declaration at Cork, setting forth his intention to maintain the true Protestant interest, the king's honor, just rights of parliament, and the liberty of the subject. A copy of his letter to the supreme council fell into the hands of Colonel Jones, who sent it to the committee at Derby-house: being read in parliament, it was ordered to be sent to the Isle of Wight, to the commissioners then in treaty with the king, to know if he would avow it, and in case he disowned it, to require him to declare against the marquis. — Whereupon the king replied, that if matters were composed by the treaty, the concerns of Ireland should be left to the parliament, and at the same time, desired Ormond to stop all further proceedings for the present. Notwithstanding which, the treaty went forward, and a peace was concluded between the commissioners and the lord lieutenant at Carrick, and fully perfected at Kilkenny, on the 1 7th of January, 1619. Owen O'Neil and the earl of Antrim having refused to submit to this peace, the lord lieutenant prepared to march against them ; but on the murder of the king, he proclaimed Charles the II. first at Youghal, and afterwards at Carrick, and soon after in all the other towns in this province. 1G49 Oliver Cromwell, was appointed by the parliament, general

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 82

    As the companion tells it

    Cork was where the Marquis of Ormond landed on 29 September 1648, and Lord Inchiquin and his officers received him with respect. On the 4th of October, Ormond wrote to the supreme council. He stated that his majesty had commissioned him to treat of a peace, and he desired that commissioners be sent to meet him at Carrick. Two days later, on the 6th of October, he published a declaration at Cork. In it he set forth his intention to maintain the true Protestant interest, the king's honor, the just rights of parliament, and the liberty of the subject. A copy of his letter to the supreme council fell into the hands of Colonel Jones, who sent it to the committee at Derby-house. When it was read in parliament, it was ordered to be sent to the Isle of Wight, to the commissioners then in treaty with the king. They were to know if he would avow it, and if he disowned it, to require him to declare against the marquis. The king replied that if matters were composed by the treaty, the concerns of Ireland should be left to the parliament. At the same time, he desired Ormond to stop all further proceedings for the present. Notwithstanding which, the treaty went forward. A peace was concluded between the commissioners and the lord lieutenant at Carrick, and fully perfected at Kilkenny, on the 17th of January. Owen O'Neil and the earl of Antrim refused to submit to this peace. The lord lieutenant prepared to march against them. But on the murder of the king, he proclaimed Charles the Second, first at Youghal, and afterwards at Carrick, and soon after in all the other towns in this province.

51. Miller John Fenton's premonition of death at Riverstown

    Riverstown · townland · Cork · 1782

    John Fenton, a miller at Riverstown near Cork, died on January 12, 1782. The day before his death he appeared in good health but invited friends and kin to his funeral, sent for a priest who administered the rites, and expired shortly after going to bed.

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    1782 Jan. 12. — One John Fenton a miller, died at Riverstown near this city. On the day preceding his death (then to appearance in good health) he went among his kindred and friends, inviting them to his funeral on the Sunday following, and so certain was he that his dissolution was near, that he sent his brother for a clergyman to prepare him for eternity. The priest attended and gave him the rites of the church on this day, after which Fenton went to bed, and in a little time expired without the least emotion whatsoever.

    .April 19. — A cutter privateer appeared oS' this harbour and completely blocked it up for the space of three days : she fired at and took a vessel just under the house of Mr. Eoche of Trabolgan.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 123

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Riverstown, a miller named John Fenton died on January 12, 1782. The day before, he seemed to be in good health, but he went among his kindred and friends, inviting them to his funeral on the Sunday following. He was so certain his death was near that he sent his brother for a clergyman to prepare him for eternity. The priest attended and gave him the rites of the church that day. After that, Fenton went to bed, and in a little time expired, as the record says, without the least emotion whatsoever.

52. Mob unloads meal sloop at Youghal and sells at usual price

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1783

    A mob assembled in Youghal and unloaded a sloop freighted with meal from Scotland, which had been engaged at an enormous price, and sold it at the public market at the usual price.

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    24. — A mob assembled in Youghal and unloaded a sloop freighted with meal from Scotland, which had been engaged at the enormous price of Is. 1\A. per pottle, and sold it at the public market at the usual price.

    July 9. — This morning there was a violent thunder storm, during which an obscurity prevailed resembling the evening dusk between ten and eleven o'clock. On the 14th there was another storm which was renewed with greater violence on the following

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 124

    As the companion tells it

    The town of Youghal saw a crowd take matters into its own hands in 1783. A mob assembled and unloaded a sloop freighted with meal from Scotland. The meal had been engaged at the enormous price of one shilling and a penny halfpenny per pottle. The mob sold it at the public market at the usual price.

53. Murder of English officials at Tralee

    Tralee · town · Kerry · 1579

    Henry Danvers, high sheriff of county Cork, justice Mead, and Charters, provost marshal of Munster, were barbarously murdered while asleep in their beds by Sir John of Desmond at a house of the earl of Desmond in Tralee.

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    A- D. carried on against the natives on the score of religion : bnt Henry taking little notice of him, he quitted the French Court, and proceeded to Spain, where he made the same complaint to king Philip, and made an offer of Ireland to him in the name of all the Catholics of that kingdom. Philip sent him with letters to Pope Gregory XIII, who received him, and an English rebel called Stukeley, whom he appointed, with Fitzmaurice, generals of the army, which he and the king of Spain intended to send over to Ireland ; and ordered two thousand Italians to be immediately raised for that service. 1579 The high sheriff of the county Cork, (Mr. Henry Danvers, an English gentleman, who was gossip to Sir John of Desmond) went into Kerry with justice Mead ; and, being one night at Tralee in a house of the earl of Desmond, they, with Charters, provost mailial of Munster, and all their servants, were barbarously murdered, by Sir John while they were asleep in their beds.

    Sir John Perrot arrived at Cork, with six ships for the guard of the coast.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 65

    As the companion tells it

    Tralee is a town the road passes through in Kerry. In 1579, a betrayal unfolded here. Henry Danvers was high sheriff of county Cork, an English gentleman, and gossip to Sir John of Desmond. He went into Kerry with justice Mead. One night they were at Tralee, in a house of the earl of Desmond. With them was Charters, provost marshal of Munster, and all their servants. While they lay asleep in their beds, Sir John of Desmond barbarously murdered them. The man who called Danvers his gossip turned on him in the night, killing him and his companions and all their servants. This came against a wider rising. The same year, an English rebel called Stukeley and Fitzmaurice had been appointed generals of an army that the Pope and the king of Spain intended to send to Ireland, with orders for two thousand Italians to be raised for that service. After the murders, Sir John Perrot arrived at Cork with six ships for the guard of the coast.

54. Murrough O'Brien raids and ruins Buttevant

    Buttevant · town · Cork · 1461

    After the death of the duke of Clarence in 1461, Murrough O'Brien led a rebellion in Munster, raising forces in Thomond and overrunning much of the surrounding country. He ruined several walled towns including Buttevant.

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    1461 After the death of the duke of Clarence (brother to king Edward IV,) who was lord lieutenant of Ireland in this year, and continued so for seven years, the Irish rebelled in the North, under O'Neil, and in Munster, under Murrough O'Brien, who raised forces in Thomond, and over-ran the greatest part of the country, and ruined several walled towns, amongst others, Mounie and Buttevant.

    The king granted to William, Lord de Barry, an annuity of twenty-three marks, chargeable on the customs of Cork, Kinsale, Youghal, ^'c.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 55

    As the companion tells it

    Buttevant was a walled town in Munster. In 1461, after the death of the duke of Clarence, brother to King Edward 4, the Irish rebelled. Clarence had been lord lieutenant of Ireland for 7 years. In the north they rose under O'Neil, in Munster under Murrough O'Brien, who raised forces in Thomond and overran the greatest part of the country, ruining several walled towns, among them this place and Mounie. The king granted William, Lord de Barry, 23 marks on the customs of Cork, Kinsale and Youghal.

55. Protestants sent to Macroom

    Macroom · town · Cork · 1689

    Many Protestants imprisoned in Cork were sent to Macroom during the Jacobite administration.

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    ^uff. 11. — Lord Clare, governor of Cork, committed all the protestants of the city to St. Peter's, Christ church, and the court houses. On the 10th Sept. several were sent to Blarney castle, and on the 11th many to Macroom. On the 13th October, all the churches were shut up. In several places the governors went into houses and shops, and seized what they foimd, without the formality of a pretence, and took it away. Monsieur Boileau, who was governor of Cork with lord Clare, "not failing in any punctilio of his country's dragooning," was supposed to have sent off for France the value of £30,000 in money, leather, and other commodities, the spoils of the protestants of this rich city.

    ^cpt. 13. — Major-general Sgravenmoer sent colonel Donep to burn the bridge of Mallow, and to view the castle, who having done so, returned on the 17th, with an account that above one hundred protestant families thereabouts were in great fear of the rapparees, who had orders from the governor of Cork to burn their houses. The major-general thereupon sent a party under major Tittinghoft to protect them, who engaged the Irish, who were three or four thousand in number, and by a stratagem completely routed them.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 91

    As the companion tells it

    In 1689, during the Jacobite administration, many Protestants in Cork were imprisoned. Lord Clare, governor of Cork, committed all the Protestants of the city to Saint Peter's, Christ Church, and the court houses. On the 10th of September, several were sent to Blarney Castle, and on the 11th, many were sent to Macroom. On the 13th of October, all the churches were shut up. In several places the governors went into houses and shops, and seized what they found, without the formality of a pretence, and took it away. Monsieur Boileau, who was governor of Cork with Lord Clare, "not failing in any punctilio of his country's dragooning," was supposed to have sent off for France the value of £30,000 in money, leather, and other commodities, the spoils of the Protestants of this rich city. Major-general Sgravenmoer sent colonel Donep to burn the bridge of Mallow and view the castle. He returned on the 17th with word that above 100 Protestant families thereabouts were in great fear of the rapparees, who had orders from the governor of Cork to burn their houses. The major-general sent a party under major Tittinghoft to protect them, who engaged the Irish, three or four thousand, and by a stratagem completely routed them.

56. Rapparees killed near Ballyclough by Major Stroud

    Ballyclogh · town · Cork · 1691

    Major Stroud, at the head of a party of militia, killed several rapparees near Ballyclough. Ten days later, Lieutenant-colonel Moore slew 60 more near Bandon.

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    June. — Inniskeen was, by order of governor Cox, fortified and a garrison of the militia put into it, a party of whom he detached under colonel Townshend towards Bantry, where they killed near 100 rapparees, and brought off a great deal of plunder. Colonel Hastings marched from Cork and seized Drumana, on the Blackwater. Major Stroud, at the head of a party of militia, killed several rapparees near Ballyclough, and lieutenant-colonel Moore, ten days after, slew GO more near Bandon.

    Juhj. — 500 of the militia under colonel Becher met 400 Irish

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 92

    As the companion tells it

    In the summer of 1691, Ballyclogh saw its share of the fighting that followed the wars in Ireland. Major Stroud, leading a party of militia, killed several rapparees near this town. It was June, and the country was full of such actions. Governor Cox had ordered Inniskeen fortified and its militia garrisoned. A detachment under Colonel Townshend killed near 100 rapparees towards Bantry and brought off a great deal of plunder. Colonel Hastings marched from Cork and seized Drumana on the Blackwater. Ten days after Stroud's action near Ballyclogh, Lieutenant-colonel Moore slew 60 more rapparees near Bandon.

57. Rioting near the Exchange in Cork city

    Cork · city · Cork · 1769

    Rioting had become so common in Cork that it was unsafe to stand at one's door. Near the Exchange, four peaceable persons including two women were insulted, cut, and beaten by Mat Reily, a journeyman saddler armed with a knife, hammer, and stick.

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    Dec. 31. — Rioting had become so common in this city, that it was not safe for any person to stand at his door without some weapon of defence, a most glaring instance of which appeared this evening : four peaceable persons near the Exchange (two of whom were women,) were insulted, cut, and beaten by one Mat Reily, a journeyman saddler, a most notorious offender who came up to them severally, armed with a knife, hammer, and stick, and used them as above, for no other reason than bidding him go about his business. Informations were immediately lodged against him, and a parish constable took him prisoner; he afterwards rescued himself, and nearly murdered the constable, but he was subsefpicutly retaken.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 109

    As the companion tells it

    In 1769, rioting had grown so common in Cork that it was not safe to stand at your own door without some weapon of defence. On the last day of December, near the Exchange, four peaceable persons, two of them women, were insulted, cut, and beaten by one Mat Reily, a journeyman saddler and a notorious offender. He came at them one after another, armed with a knife, a hammer, and a stick, and did as he did for no other reason than that they had bid him go about his business. Informations were lodged at once, and a parish constable took him prisoner. He broke free and nearly murdered the constable, but he was retaken after.

58. Sailor robbed and drowned at Sullivan's Quay

    Sullivan's Quay · street · Cork · 1784

    A sailor was stopped on Sullivan's Quay by ruffians who robbed him and threw him into the river where he drowned. A witness said they appeared to be disbanded soldiers who perpetrated depredations nightly.

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    27. — A sailor was stopped on Sullivan's Quay by some ruffians, who having robbed him, threw him into the river where he was drowned. A person who was near at the time, but was afraid to offer any assistance, remarked that they had the appearance of disbanded soldiers, who every night at this time perpetrated some scene of depredation or barbarity.

    1B8 CORK REMEMBRANCER.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 125

    As the companion tells it

    This is Sullivan's Quay in Cork. In 1784, a sailor was stopped by ruffians who robbed him and threw him into the river, where he drowned. A witness nearby was afraid to offer any assistance. He said the attackers had the appearance of disbanded soldiers, who every night at this time perpetrated

59. Youghal wastes within walls as warfare destroys trade

    Youghal · town · Cork

    The loyal and peaceable towns of Cork, Youghal and Kinsale suffered peculiar hostility during the anarchy of County Cork, their inhabitants shut up within walls, their lands wasted and trade destroyed, reduced to poverty and almost ruined.

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    The lords of the county were gradually weakened by their mutual broils : at last those who were worsted availed themselves of the assistance of the Irish ; and these latter finding the opportvinity favourable, contrived eventually to expel many of the English and repossess themselves of their lands, but pursued a system of barbarous and bloody warfare, murder, and robbery : and the English who remained, following the same courses, and adopting the laws and customs of the Irish, the whole county was reduced to a state of anarchy. Peculiar hostility was directed against the the loyal and peaceable towns, whose inhabitants, shut up within their walls, their lands wasted, their trade destroyed, were reduced to poverty and almost ruined ; and so desperate was their condition, and so little help did they expect from the king's government, that as a last resource, the people of Cork, Youghal and Kinsale, petitioned the administration, representing their miserable condition, requesting that they might be furnished with competent commanders, and promising that if this I'equest were granted, they would rise at their own expense against the lords and chieftans, and punish their enormities ; but if it should be refused (as they plainly expected,) they threatened to complain to the government in England. *

    But the English pale, a district of about twenty miles round Dublin, was as much as the government could hold in subjection. We are accustomed to imagine that the wars with France di\'erted the attention of England from this country ; but it is likely that under any circumstances, little at that time could have been done

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck

    As the companion tells it

    Youghal is a town on the coast of Cork, and in the old anarchy of the county it suffered badly. The lords of the county wore each other down with mutual broils. Those who were worsted called in the Irish for help. The Irish seized the chance to expel many of the English and take back their lands, pursuing a system of barbarous and bloody warfare, murder, and robbery. The English who remained followed the same courses and adopted the laws and customs of the Irish, and the whole county fell into anarchy. Peculiar hostility was directed against the loyal and peaceable towns. Their inhabitants were shut up within their walls, their lands wasted, their trade destroyed, reduced to poverty and almost ruined. The people of Cork, Youghal, and Kinsale petitioned the administration as a last resource. They represented their miserable condition and requested that they be furnished with competent commanders. They promised that if this request were granted, they would rise at their own expense against the lords and chieftains and punish their enormities. But if it should be refused, as they plainly expected, they threatened to complain to the government in England. Little help came. The English pale, a district of about 20 miles round Dublin, was as much as the government could hold in subjection.

60. Gold-ornamented skeleton discovered near Castlemartyr

    Castlemartyr · townland · Cork · 1806

    A human skeleton was found in a quarry near Castlemartyr, wrapped in a garment richly ornamented with broad plates of figured gold. Amber beads and a mitre-shaped object were also recovered.

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    A human skeleton, around which was found the remnant of a garment most richly ornamented, with broad plates of figured gold of considerable value, was discovered in a quarry in the neighbourhood of Castlemartyr ; several amber beads, much injured by time, and something resembling a mitre in shape, were also found.

    June 28. — The body of a man, who had killed himself, was interred in a church-yard near Blarney, whence it was taken up by the country people in the neighbourhood. It was again 'committed to the earth by the man's relatives, in Ballinamought church-yard; but the superstition of the people not suffering it to remain there either, it was a second time taken up, and exposed for some days with the lid of the coffin open, (a shocking spectacle,") on the upper Youghal road.

    Internet Archive countycityofcork00tuck, Chapter 143

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, in 1806, a human skeleton was discovered in a quarry near Castlemartyr. Around it was the remnant of a garment, most richly ornamented with broad plates of figured gold of considerable value. Several amber beads were also found, much injured by time, and something resembling a mitre in shape. Whoever this person was, they were buried wearing gold and amber, in clothes fine enough that fragments survived long after the body beneath them had worn to bone.