Name: A history of the city and county of Cork
Author: Mary Francis Cusack (1829–1899)

Knockninoss bones in Buttevant crypt

Buttevant · town · Cork · 1647

The crypt of Buttevant friary contains an immense collection of bones and skulls, possibly remains of those who fell at the battle of Knockninoss on 13 November 1647. Some bones were brought from the ancient abbey of Ballybeg by a farmer who had acquired the abbey-land and graveyard.

Read the passage

corporate town, and to judge from its ruins it must have been of considerable importance. The Barrys ruled here with regal splendour, and almost with royal power. Smith says : — “ This whole town seems formerly to have been an assemblage of churches and religious houses” (History of Cork , vol. i, p. 315), and it merited from Burlase the eulogy that “it was an old nest of abbots and friars.” Ward, in his MS. History, gives the following account of the Franciscan Convent of Buttevant : — “ It was built in 1251, and was placed under the care of the Superior of Cork in 1260. In the reign of Queen Elizabeth the friars were several times driven away from it, and some of them were arrested and thrown into prison. All the buildings, with the exception of the church, were mined, and that was preserved on account of the tombs of the nobility there buried, but all the images were broken. Still some of the friars continued to reside there — partly in the conventual buildings, or their ruins, and partly in the neighbourhood.” Wadding also writes regarding this place, Buttefanie, or Buttevanie : — “ The town was formerly large and frequented, now it is reduced and poor. Two illustrious families — the Barrys and the Lombards — had their residence there. Some say that the convent was erected by the Barrys, others by the Pendergasts, but I think it was by the Barrys, whose magni¬ ficent tomb was erected in the middle of the choir, and whose family always evinced their piety towards our order. In the church are many sepulchres of nobles. It is wonderful with what care the friars have repaired some of the ruins of this convent. . In the crypt is an immense collection of bones and skulls, which are probably supposed to be the remains of those who fell in the sanguinary battle of Knockninoss, on the 1 3th of November, 1647. Among those who were slain on this occasion are the famous Mac Alistair Mac Donnell, surnamed Colkitto. It is said, however, that a great portion of these human bones were brought to this church from the ancient abbey of Ballybeg, about half a mile distant, by a farmer who got possession of the abbey-land and graveyard, and who was justly solicitous to deposit such remains in consecrated ground.”

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 394

Lord justice departs Carrigafoyle for Askeaton after five days

Askeaton · townland · Limerick · 1580

After taking Carrigafoyle Castle by cannon bombardment, the lord justice remained in it for five days. At the end of that time he went to Askeaton, marking the next stage of the campaign against the Desmonds.

Read the passage

“ As for the lord justice, he ordered the great ordnance sent to him to be landed, and he placed five great guns opposite the rock, to play upon it without mercy. It was said that tbe least of these guns was a dimi-cannon.9 He then began to storm the castle, and there was not a solitude, a wilderness, a declivity, or woody vale, from the Cain of Breas, the son of Ealathan, son of Neid, in the south west of the province of Cl n un Deirgthine to Cnoc-Meaclha-Sinil, in Connacht, in which the sound and roar of these unknown and wonderful cannon were not heard. The western side of Carraic-an-phuil was at length broken from the top to the foundation, and the warders were crushed to death by its fall. The lord justice then took the castle, and remained in it five days after he had taken it, and at the end of that time he went to Askeaton.”
This is, perhaps, as fine a piece of hyperbole as ever was written, but there can be no doubt that the roar of the cannon, and still more its effect, left a long and vivid impression in the wilds of Kerry.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 213

Maurice Fitzgerald founds Franciscan monastery at Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1232–1257

Maurice Fitzgerald, Lord Offaley and Lord Justice of Ireland, founded the Franciscan monastery at Youghal in 1232 and was buried in its Church of the Friars Minors upon his death in 1257.

Read the passage

1257. t-This year died Maurice Fitzgerald, Lord Offaley, who was one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, by commission dated September 2nd, 1232. He was buried in the Church of the Friars Minors at Youghal, which monastery he founded in 1232. The king in the year 1216 granted a

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 113

Penal statutes renewed in Dublin under James I

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1605–1606

James I was proclaimed in Dublin on 28 December, declaring no toleration for any religion other than that of the established church. Penal statutes were renewed and enforced with increased severity, leading to imprisonment of Corporation members and principal citizens of Dublin.

Read the passage

The penal statutes were renewed, and enforced with in¬ creased severity. Several members of the Corporation and some of the principal citizens of Dublin were sent to prison ; similiar outrages on religious liberty were perpetrated at Waterford, Ross, and Limerick. In some cases these gentle¬ men were only asked to attend the Protestant church once, but they nobly refused to act against their conscience even once, though it should procure them freedom from imprison¬ ment, or even death. The Vicar-Apostolic of Waterford and Lismore wrote a detailed account of the sufferings of the Irish nation for the faith at this period to Cardinal Baronius. His letter is dated “Waterford, 1st of May, 1606.” He says : — “ There is scarcely a spot were Catholics can find a safe retreat. The impious soldiery, by day and night, pursue the defenceless priests, and mercilessly persecute them. Up to the present
348

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 283

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Dublin, this is the city where, in 1605, penal statutes were renewed and enforced with increased severity under James I, who was proclaimed on 28 December, declaring no toleration for any religion other than that of the established church. Several members of the Corporation and principal citizens were sent to prison. Similar outrages on religious liberty were perpetrated at Waterford, Ross, and Limerick. In some cases these gentlemen were only asked to attend the Protestant church once, but they refused to act against their conscience even once, though it should procure them freedom from imprisonment or even death. The Vicar-Apostolic of Waterford and Lismore wrote a detailed account of the sufferings of the Irish nation for the faith to Cardinal Baronius. His letter is dated Waterford, 1st of May, 1606. He wrote: "There is scarcely a spot where Catholics can find a safe retreat."

Rebels slay Lord Stephen of Exeter and others in Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1315–1317

Connaught rebels animated by Bruce's success entered the province and slew Lord Stephen of Exeter, Miles de Cogan, and eighty of the Barrys and Lawlers.

Read the passage

“ The English assembled an army of 30,000 men at Kilkenny ; and in Easter week, 1317, Sir Roger de Mortimer, who was appointed Lord Justice, landed at Youghal with 38 knights, upon whose arrival Bruce fled into Ulster, but he was pursued by the Lord Justice, who encountering him slew him and most of his men, and presented his head to King Edward II. The Connaught rebels being animated with the success gained by Bruce on his first arrival, entered this province and slew the Lord Stephen of Exeter, Miles de Cogan, and eighty of the Barrys and Lawlers.
Edward 11., “ Alexander Becknor, Archbishop of Dublin and

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 115

As the companion tells it

Coming through Cork. The English assembled an army of 30,000 men at Kilkenny, and in Easter week, 1317, Sir Roger de Mortimer, appointed Lord Justice, landed at Youghal with 38 knights. Bruce fled into Ulster, but the Lord Justice pursued him, slew him and most of his men, and presented his head to King Edward II. The Connaught rebels, animated with the success gained by Bruce on his first arrival, entered this province and slew Lord Stephen of Exeter, Miles de Cogan, and eighty of the Barrys and Lawlers.

Richard Gold's wheat seized for Lady Carew

near Haulbowline Island · population centre · Cork · 1600–1603

Richard Gold, who was arraigned for attempting the fort of Haulbowline, proved that the late lord president's steward seized twenty barrels of his wheat for Lady Carew without payment, and offered only depreciated coin in compensation.

Read the passage

8 Smith says “ Richard Gold, who was arranged for attempting the fort of Halbowlin, proved that the late lord president’s steward took from him twenty barrels of wheat for the Lady Carew, without paying for it ; and he going for his money, wouM eive him but 20s. of the new standard for every barrel, which he would not accept, but desired a bill to receive it in England of the lord president. The wheat, he says, cost 7m in France 19s. a barrel, in silver money, besides his charges, and to oblige the pre¬ sident, he offered to sell it for his own money again.” MSS. at Lismore.
23—2

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 277

Round Tower and Sacred Stone at Kinneigh

Kinneigh · townland · Cork

A high round tower stood in the south-west corner of Kinneigh churchyard, and the church was thought to have formerly been a cathedral. A sacred stone in the south-west corner of the church was used by the Irish for solemn oaths, and a tradition held that a medicinally powerful well in the churchyard had been stopped up because the concourse of pilgrims was too costly for inhabitants.

Read the passage

from Bantry, by the sea-side, are the ruins of an abbey which belonged to the Franciscans. I don’t hear that there were any other religious houses besides this in the baronies of Beer and Bantry. Humphrey Sullivan is Popish priest of this parish, and of Kilcroghan ; he has been here about twelve years. All the inhabitants are Papists. No Papists are allowed to live within the walls of Bandon. The Earl of Cork, in his leases, has obliged all the tenants not to admit Papists. In the parish of Skull there are about four Protestant families, and about four hundred Papist families. Daniel Carthy is Popish priest of the eastern part of this parish ; he has been here ever since before the late troubles. No glebe in this parish, no registry - book, nor Bible, nor Common Prayer-book. In Kilmoe there are the ruins of a chapel at the west-end of the town dedicated to St. Mullagh. The church of Kilmoe is dedicated to St. Briana, alias Brandon, whese festival is observed. In this parish there are about nine Protestant families, and two hundred Papist. Teige Coghlan is Popish priest of Kilmoe, and of the western part of Skull. He has been here about eight years. A young Irishman, a Papist, teaches school about the middle of the parish. In all the O’Sullivan’s country they observe as a holiday St. Rooane’s Day. At Kinneigh a high round tower stands in the south-west corner of the churchyard. ’Tis sup¬ posed this church was formerly a cathedral. A stone is in the south-west corner of the church of Kinneigh counted very sacred, which the Irish solemnly swear upon. The church is accounted by the Irish very sacred. There is a tradition that formerly in this churchyard there was a well that had great medicinal virtues, and that the concourse of people being very chargeable to the inhabitants, they stopped it up.
Yet the Catholic had to support both their own clergy and and the Protestant ministers — an injustice of the very gravest kind, and this not only in a general way, but as the Cork Grand Jury presentments show, fees were exacted from the Catholics for every domestic occurrence.4

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 313

Silver and copper coins struck at Cork, 1647

Cork · city · Cork · 1646–1647

In 1647, silver shillings and sixpenny pieces were struck at Cork, likely the last silver coins of Cork mintage. Copper and brass pieces were also struck about the same time, including square coins bearing a castle and the date 1646.

Read the passage

In 1647, shillings and six-penny pieces m silver were struck
at Cork, and are propably the last silver coins we have of Cork mintage. Some copper and brass pieces were also struck here about the same time ; of these, two lately discovered are square, one of them bearing a castle on one side and Cork on the other, the date 1646. The second bears, m a small circle, the word “ Corke,” under a crown, the other side is

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 411

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, you are travelling through a city that once minted its own coins. In 1647, silver shillings and sixpenny pieces were struck here, and they are probably the last silver coins of Cork mintage. Around the same time, copper and brass pieces were struck too. Two recently discovered ones are square. One bears a castle on one side and Cork on the other, dated 1646. The second bears, in a small circle, the word "Corke" under a crown.}

Sir James Cotter raises funds and seizes shoes in Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1690

Sir James Cotter, a staunch adherent of the Stuarts, was empowered to raise £200 in County Cork for the king's service and to seize 600 pairs of shoes that Captain MacGillicuddy had possessed himself of, suggesting the MacGillicuddys had gone over to the winning side.

Read the passage

r. Want of shoes for his soldiers was one of Marlborough’s special troubles. He had five hundred men before Kinsale and not a hundred pair of shoes among them, “ and shoes were not to be got for money, even if he had it.” Sir James Cotter, who was a staunch adherent of the Stuarts, was empowered to raise ,£200 in the Co. Cork for the king’s service, and further got an order to seize 600 pair of shoes which Captain Mac Gil ly cuddy had possessed himself of. From this it would appear that the Mac Gilly cuddys had gone over to the winning side.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 305

Slaughter of foreigners at Dun-main in west of Ireland

Dunmain · townland · Wexford · 869

In 869 there was an extensive slaughter of Danish foreigners at Dun-main in the west of Ireland. The fort was demolished, and the victors included men of Kerry, Limerick, and the Eognachists of Loch Lein.

Read the passage

In 869 there was “ an extensively and indescribable slaughter of the foreigners at Dun-main, in the west of Ireland.” The Dim was demolished, and was probably a stronghold of the Danes. The victors were the men of Kerry under Congalach, the men of Limerick under Flannery, and the Eognachists of Loch Lein under Conlegan. Amlaff, the Danish chief, plundered Lismore about this time, but the men
8. Chronicum Scotorom — Trian Corcaighe, the third part or quarter of Cork.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 61

Smerwick fort described as fortified rampart with flankers

Smerwick · townland · Kerry · 1580

The Italian and Spanish forces at Smerwick built a rampart eighteen feet high with artificially constructed flankers, extending from the rock called Smerwick into the land. Ormond was forced to withdraw due to lack of victuals, great ordnance, and munitions.

Read the passage

“ The place whereon they fortifie is from the rock called Smerwicke into the land, where they made a rampere of 18 foot high, as I might guess it, and flankers artificially wrought. Want of vitual, grete ordnance, and munitions, forced me to leave the place, and to return towards my lord deputy, who advertised me of his being at Limerick.
“ As I marched back towards my lord deputie, spials brought me word that Desmond, with 500 of the foreign enemy, were going towards Connillogh. and camped at a place called Killennturnye, where I came so suddenly upon them as they were forced to leave c-ertayne of their stuffe, as pannyeers (panniers), table and altar-cloths, chalices, books, and other such furniture (said to be the nuncio’s), also some vitual and munition.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 219

St. Finbar's first cell at Gougane Barra

near Gougane Barra · population centre · Cork · 600–623

St. Finbar founded his first cell at the source of the river Lee, in the district of Lough Allua, now known as Gougane-Barra (St. Barra or Finbar's rock cleft). The name preserves the saint's association with this scenic lakeside location.

Read the passage

When St. Finbar established his monastery at Cork, it was a low, marshy swamp.1 The river Lee flowed through the . centre of the plain, and when it overflowed its waters the whole country appeared like one vast lake, which was then called Loch Ire. It was at the source of this river that St.
I inbar 'founded his first cell, in the beautiful and lovely district of Lough Allua , now known as Gougane-Barra (St. Barra or Finbar’s rock cleft). Colgan says : —

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 40

Sword and king's castle granted to Cork mayor (1537)

Cork · city · Cork · 1537

In the 28th year of Henry VIII's reign (1537), the king granted William Coppinger, then mayor of Cork, and his successors the right to have a sword carried before them, and granted custody of the king's castle to the mayor and successors. No sheriff of the county of Cork was to have anything to do with the castle.

Read the passage

power to commit felons, and to erect a gallows for their execution ; all fines, waifs, strays, goods of felons, etc., to go to the use of the city. The same prince, in the 28th year of his reign, for the honour and munificence of this city, granted to William Coppenger, then mayor, and to his successors, to have a sword, decently sheathed and adorned, carried before them in the said city and liberties thereof ; and granted the custody of the king’s castle to him and his successors until the king should signify his pleasure to the contrary ; and that in the meantime no sheriff of the county of Cork shall have anything to do with the said castle or any matter touching the same. And that the mayor, bailiff, and commonality may employ an agent for them in England to provide and buy them forty suits of armour, with liberty to ship them from England to Cork without molestation. (Tiste Rege apud, Westmon 11, Martii Au Regu, Sui 28, viz., 1587).
As the privileges of the city were renewed and confirmed by King Edward VI., by a new charter, dated May 9th, ann. reg. 3, 1543, in which, besides the foregoing privileges, the following are added : — No foreigner to buy corn, wool, leather, etc., but of the citizens in the city, nor to sell wine but in his shop, nor merchandise longer than forty days without licence from the mayor. No citizen to be arrested for debt out of the city. The goods of citizens dying intestate not to be claimed by the crown. Power to the citizens to match their children as they shall think .proper, and that they shall have reasonable guilds as in Bristol.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa

As the companion tells it

Coming through Cork now. This city carries an old mark of royal favour from 1537, the 28th year of Henry the Eighth's reign. The king granted William Coppinger, then mayor of Cork, and his successors after him, the right to have a sword carried before them. The sword was to be decently sheathed and adorned, and it was to go before them through the city and its liberties. In the same grant the king gave the custody of his castle to the mayor and his successors, to hold until the king should signify his pleasure to the contrary. No sheriff of the county of Cork was to have anything to do with the said castle or any matter touching it. The mayor, bailiff, and commonality were also permitted to employ an agent in England to buy them 40 suits of armour, with liberty to ship them from England to Cork without molestation. These privileges were later renewed and confirmed by King Edward the Sixth in a new charter dated May the 9th, 1543. That charter added more. No foreigner could buy corn, wool, or leather but of the citizens in the city, nor sell wine but in his shop, nor merchandise longer than 40 days without licence from the mayor. No citizen could be arrested for debt out of the city. The goods of citizens dying intestate were not to be claimed by the crown. Citizens had power to match their children as they thought proper, and to have reasonable guilds as in Bristol.

Turgesius the Dane drowned in Lough Owel

Lough Owel · lake or lakes · Westmeath

Turgesius, the great Danish champion, was captured and drowned in Loch Uair (now Lough Owel, near Mullingar, Co. Westmeath) by Mael Sechlainn, King of Meath, who soon afterwards became Monarch of Ireland. The Annals of Ulster date the event to 844.

Read the passage

Turgesius, the great Danish champion, was drowned in Loch Uair1 by Mael Sechlainn , the King of Meath, who soon afterwards became Monarch of Ireland. He was the successor of Feidh Limidh , King of Munster, of whom a very contra¬ dictory story is told. The Chronicum Scotorum describes him as “ the best of the Scoti,” as “ a scribe and an anchorite,”
and puts his quievit in 84 7> with this quatrain :

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 59

As the companion tells it

Coming up along Lough Owel, near Mullingar in Westmeath. In 844, Turgesius, the great Danish champion, was drowned in this lake by Mael Sechlainn, King of Meath, who soon afterwards became Monarch of Ireland. The lake was then called Loch Uair. Mael Sechlainn was the successor of Feidh Limidh, King of Munster, of whom the Chronicum Scotorum says he was

University authorized at Drogheda

Drogheda · town · Louth · 1462

During Earl Thomas FitzGerald's time of office as Deputy-Governor, an act was passed authorizing the establishment of a university at Drogheda with privileges similar to those enjoyed at Oxford.

Read the passage

eight fellows, and eight choristers. An act was also passed during his time of office authorizing the establishment of a university at Drogheda, with similar privileges to those then enjoyed at Oxford for the creation of bachelors, masteis, and doctors in all sciences and faculties.
He was opposed by the English settlers in Meath, probably on account of his intimate connection with the native race ; but he obtained an easy victory, with the assistance of O’Donnell, and his uncle, Mac William de Burgh. He had powerful connections, if that could have saved him from his fate, for Joan, the daughter of Earl James, had married Thomas, Earl of Kildare.7

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 131

As the companion tells it

You're coming through Drogheda now. Back in 1462, during Earl Thomas Fitzgerald's time as Deputy-Governor, an act was passed authorizing the establishment of a university here, with privileges similar to those enjoyed at Oxford, for creating bachelors, masters, and doctors in all sciences and faculties. Fitzgerald faced opposition from the English settlers in Meath, probably because of his intimate connection with the native race. He won an easy victory with the assistance of O'Donnell and his uncle, Mac William de Burgh. He had powerful connections, if that could have saved him from his fate, for Joan, the daughter of Earl James, had married Thomas, Earl of Kildare.

Vatican description of walled city of Ross and cathedral

Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1517

A consistorial investigation preserved in the Vatican Archives describes the city of Ross as consisting of about two hundred houses encompassed by a wall, situated in a fertile plain along the seashore. The cathedral church, dedicated to St. Fachnan, had walls of cut stone, a wooden roof covered with slates, and an interior in the form of a cross.

Read the passage

« The city of Ross was situated in the province of Cashel, in the middle of a vast plain which stretched along the sea¬ shore. It consisted of about two hundred houses, and was encompassed with a wall. The country around was fertile, yielding an abundance of corn and fruit. In the centre of the town was the cathedral church, dedicated under the invocation of St. Fachnan, an Irish saint confessor, whose feast is celebrated on the vigil of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The walls of the church were of cut stone, and it had two entrances— one lateral, the other in front ; and m both you descended by three steps to the level of the church Its floor was unpaved, and its roof was of wood, covered with slates. The interior of the church presented the form of a
1

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 162

As the companion tells it

As you come through Ross Carbery in Cork, there is a record from 1517, a consistorial investigation kept in the Vatican Archives, that described this place as a city of about 200 houses encompassed by a wall, sitting in the middle of a fertile plain along the seashore. The country around yielded an abundance of corn and fruit. In the centre of the town stood the cathedral church, dedicated to St. Fachnan, an Irish saint and confessor whose feast was celebrated on the vigil of the Assumption. Its walls were of cut stone, with two entrances, both descending by three steps to an unpaved floor. The roof was of wood, covered with slates, and the interior presented the form of a cross.

Victory over the Danes at Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 865

In 865 the Four Masters record a great victory over the Danes at Eochaille (Youghal), where they had entrenched themselves. The Danes had established a fortified position there by the middle of the ninth century.

Read the passage

Under the year 865 the Four Masters record a great victory over the Danes at Eochaille (Youghal), where they had entrenched themselves about the middle of this century. In 872 we find the plundering of the Deisi by Cearbhall us far as Bealach- Eochaille?
5. Duald Mac Firbis, in the Fragments of Annals, printed for the Irish Arch, and Celtic Society, i860.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 61

Waterford leads southern rejoicing after Elizabeth's death

Waterford · city · Waterford · 1603

After the death of Queen Elizabeth, Waterford was the first city in the south to demonstrate joy. The churches were opened and the services of the Catholic Church were once more openly celebrated, reflecting the deeply Catholic sentiment of the population.

Read the passage

The events which occuned immediately after the death of Elizabeth are the best evidence how entirely Catholic were the hearts of the people. There was universal joy, not merely because an oppressor had been removed, but because it was hoped that the nation might once more have freedom to worship God. This was specially manifested in the south, which had been especially oppressed. Waterford, of which Dr. Lyons had complained more than once, was first in its demonstration of joy. The churches were opened ; the services of the church were once more openly celebrated ; Dr. Miagh re-dedicated the Cathedrals of Cork and Cloyne, and the mass, as sung and said by Finbar and Colman, was sung and said once more.
But these rejoicings were of short duration. The English monarchs were always ready to promise everything to the Irish when they needed their assistance, and were equally prompt to perjure themselves when they really needed their help no longer. When James found himself safe on the English throne he drank eternal damnation to all Papists,3 and advanced, as far as in him lay, their temporal ruin. He had a parliamentary proclamation, issued in Dublin on the 28th September, 1605, which runs thus : —

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 185

White Horse Rock and Ship Rock near Dunmanway

Dunmanway · town · Cork

Two large glacial boulders stand close to Dunmanway, one called the White Horse Rock. The largest, the Ship Rock, stands beside Ship Lough two and a half miles W.N.W. of Dunmanway, measures roughly 40 x 25 x 16 feet and weighs an estimated 1,100–1,200 tons, with a legend attached to it.

Read the passage

Many of the large blocks of rock which are now perched in the hills, as well as low grounds, must have been moved by the land ice (though some, particularly bhe yfor- transported ones, must have been moved otherwise, as we shall see presently). There are many instances of these, too numerous to mention. There are two very large ones close to Dumnanway, one of which is called the White Horse Rock. The largest of all probably is the one standing beside the Ship Lough, two and a-half miles W.N.W. of Dunmanway ; it is called the Ship Rock, and has a legend attached to it. Its measurement, roughly taken, is 40 x 25 x 16 feet; its weight must be 1,100 or 1,200 tons.
Submergence of the Land in the Sea. — We have just now alluded to the fact that the boulder clay has often been trans¬ formed into water-arranged stratified gravel. The land #as, therefore, beneath the sea after the time of the glaciation by land ice. The water has often rolled and washed together great collections of this gravel ; as, for instance, in the glen hollows on the north side of Caher-barnagh Mountain, near

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 366

Young earl visits lord president at Mallow

Mallow · town · Cork · 1600

On 18 October 1600, James Fitzgerald visited the lord president at Mallow as part of his tour of Munster to rally support against the sugane earl. He then proceeded onward to Kilmallock.

Read the passage

Patrick, lord of Kerry, joined the sugane earl, and the English - government finding that the Geraldines cause was prospering, attempted the never-failing policy of division. James Fitzgerald, son to the last earl of Desmond, had been given up to the English by his mother in one of her fits of anxiety about her personal safety. He had been taken to London, and kept in the Tower half prisoner and half ward ; and as . he was the legitimate heir to the tide and estates, Elizabeth bethought her of putting him forward to counteract the rapidly increasing influence of the earl, who could only lay claim to the nomination of Tyrone. The plan was wisely laid, and at first gave every promise of success. The youth was sent to Ireland, accompanied by Captain Vine, and landed at Youghal on the 14th of October, 1600. On the 18th he visited the lord president at Mallow, and proceeded from thence to Kilmallock. The people came to welcome him with shouts of joy, and so far the plan seemed to prosper even beyond the expectations of its framers.
The young earl, educated in England, and taught indifference and contempt for everything Irish, must have been amazed at his reception. He was little prepared for what followed. The next day being Sunday, the people, still waiting to welcome him with acclamation whenever he appeared, saw with amazement, and then with indignation, that he had forsaken, or had never been taught, the faith of his fathers and of theirs. He went to the Protestant church. It was enough — the acclamations gave place to murmurs of contempt, but even that seemed too much notice to bestow on one whom they believed faithless to his church. It did not require much penetration to see that the scheme had failed.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 238

Bantry's decline from loss of pilchard fishery

Bantry · town · Cork

Smith noted that Bantry was once a thriving town when pilchards frequented its bay, but fell into decay for want of employment after the fishery declined. The author links this to the broader destruction of Irish fisheries, worsened by the famine.

Read the passage

The decline of Irish fisheries is even mentioned by Smith, who certainly had no sympathy with any but the higher class of his native land. He says : — <c A few years ago when the pilchards frequented this bay (Bantry) it was a very thriving town, but for want of employment it is again fallen into decay.”
Kanturk, Cean tuirc, the hill of the boar. — The ruins of Kanturk castle are remarkable ; they consisted of a paralellogram 120 feet long by 80 feet wide, flanked with four towers. The building was never finished, for the erection was stopped by the command of Queen Elizabeth, as it promised to be a place of great strength and importance. The O’Keeffes had a fine castle in this neighbourhood, now in ruin.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 435

As the companion tells it

As you come through Bantry in Cork, you are passing a town that has seen hard times. Smith, who had no sympathy for any but the higher class of his native land, noted that a few years ago, when pilchards frequented Bantry Bay, it was a very thriving town. But for want of employment, he said, it is again fallen into decay. He linked this to the broader decline of Irish fisheries, a destruction worsened by the famine.

Lord deputy's men slain at Finglas

Finglas · parish · Dublin

A quarrel arose between Earl Thomas and Sherwood, Bishop of Meath, after nine of the lord deputy's men were slain at Finglas by the bishop's instigation. Both men travelled to England to complain to the king.

Read the passage

A quarrel soon arose between the earl and Sherwood, the Bishop of Meath, nine of the lord deputy’s men having been ‘slain at Finglas by the instigation of the latter. The earl and the prelate both went to England to lay their complaints before the king, or, as the Four Masters have it, “ to make complaints against one another.’ The earl triumphed on this occasion, at least ; for we find that he returned to Ireland the same year, “ bringing great presents from the king.” Russell
says : — -

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 131

Ivor of Limerick conspires against King Mahoun

Limerick · city · Limerick

After Mahoun's establishment on the throne of Munster, a conspiracy against him was organised under Ivor of Limerick and his son Dubhcerm, allied with disaffected Eoghanist clans. The motive was jealousy of Dalcassian ascendancy in Munster.

Read the passage

Mahoun was now firmly established on the throne, but his success procured him many enemies. A conspiracy was formed against him under the auspicies of Ivor of Limerick and his son Dubhcerm. The Eoghanist clans basely withdrew their allegiance from their lawful sovereign, allied themselves with the Danes, and became principals in the plot of assassination, Their motive was as simple as their conduct was vile. The two Eoghanist families were represented by Donovan and Molloy. They were descendants of Oilioll Ollim, from whom Mahoun was also descended, but his family were Dalcassians. Hitherto the Eoghanists had succeeded in depriving the tribes of Dal-Cais of their fair share of alternate succession to the throne of Munster ; they became alarmed at, and jealous of, the advancement of the younger tribe, and determined to do by treachery what they could not do by force. With the usual headlong eagerness of traitors, they seem to have for¬ gotten Brian, and quite overlooked the retribution they might expect at his hands for their crime.
6-a

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 68

As the companion tells it

This is Limerick, a city with old royal blood on its hands. Back when Mahoun sat firmly on the throne of Munster, his success made him enemies. A conspiracy against him was formed under Ivor of Limerick and his son Dubhcerm. The Eoghanist clans, represented by Donovan and Molloy, withdrew their allegiance from their lawful sovereign and allied themselves with the Danes, becoming principals in the plot of assassination. Their motive was jealousy. The Eoghanists were descendants of Oilioll Ollim, as Mahoun was too, but his family were Dalcassians. The Eoghanists had long deprived the tribes of Dal-Cais of their fair share of alternate succession to the throne of Munster. They became alarmed at the advancement of the younger tribe and determined to do by treachery what they could not do by force. With the usual headlong eagerness of traitors, they seem to have forgotten Brian, and quite overlooked the retribution they might expect at his hands for their crime.

Siege of Liscarroll and death of Lord Cork's son

Liscarroll · town · Cork · 1642

The Confederate party suffered a considerable loss at the siege of Liscarroll, where Lord Cork's son was killed. His young brother very bravely bore his body off the field.

Read the passage

The Confederate party suffered a considerable loss at the siege of Liscarroll, where Lord Cork’s son was killed, and very bravely borne off the field by his young brother.
Lord Cork died himself soon after, having certainly provided well for his family, and having shown the utmost indifference to all sense of honour in his public career. Yet his sons were not quite so grateful as he expected, for he writes to one of them (Lord Dungarvan), and advises him “ not to slight or neglect him, as he had done hitherto.”

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 291

Tallagh petition against extra taxation dismissed

Tallagh · townland · Mayo · 1633–1634

After all other money was levied, the lord deputy ordered over £1,000 to be raised on the poor Munster corporations. Tallagh petitioned to be freed from £144 18s. charged on them, but were dismissed without relief and had horsemen quartered on them until the best persons of the town entered bonds for payment.

Read the passage

Cork’s means reduced from £'40,000 to £ 20,000 a year, which was both a great ease to the kingdom, and was also found sufficient to support the army three years till Easter, 1633 ; but when in July following Lord Wentworth, afterwards Earl of Strafford, came to the government, he moved the lords to give their consent, and to signify the same by their letters through the kingdom, that ^20,000 more might be raised to maintain the forces for another year, to begin in January, 1633, which the kingdom consented to, being raised and paid accordingly, in which the new corporations of Munster bore a proportionate part. And when the £ 120,000 and the last ,£20,000 were fully paid, the lord deputy by his own warrant ordered the lord president of Munster to levy above £ 1 ,000 on these poor corporations, upon which that of Tallagh petitioned the lord president to be freed from ,£144 18s. which was charged on them after all the other money was levied ; but they were dismissed without any relief, and horsemen quartered on them, until the best persons of the town were forced to go to the lord president, and enter into bonds for payment of this sum, whereupon the horsemen were recalled, and they paid the money accordingly.”
Lord Cork’s conduct was not as exemplary as his panegyrist, Mr. Smith, was anxious to represent, for his own reasons. Few other English settlers did more in wholesale plundering, but he excelled them all in chicanery.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 281

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is Tallagh, and in 1633 and 1634 it was caught in a bitter story of taxation. Cork's means had been reduced from £40,000 to £20,000 a year, which was a great ease to the kingdom and was found sufficient to support the army for three years, till Easter 1633. But when in July following, Lord Wentworth, afterwards Earl of Strafford, came to the government, he moved the lords to give their consent and signify the same by their letters through the kingdom, that £20,000 more might be raised to maintain the forces for another year, beginning in January 1633. The kingdom consented, and it was raised and paid accordingly, with the new corporations of Munster bearing a proportionate part. And when the £120,000 and the last £20,000 were fully paid, the lord deputy by his own warrant ordered the lord president of Munster to levy above £1,000 on these poor corporations. Tallagh petitioned the lord president to be freed from £144 18s. which was charged on them after all the other money was levied. But they were dismissed without any relief, and horsemen were quartered on them, until the best persons of the town were forced to go to the lord president and enter into bonds for payment of this sum. Whereupon the horsemen were recalled, and they paid the money accordingly.

Abbot of Trian Corcaighe falls in battle

Cork · city · Cork

Cork merited the appellation 'great' at this period, as Ailill, Abbot of Trian Corcaigh, fell in battle with the King of Rathluine and of Kerry Luachira, along with 6,000 men. Trian Corcaighe referred to the third part or quarter of Cork.

Read the passage

Cork must have merited the appellation of £< great at this period, for we find Ailill mentioned as Abbot of Trian Corcaigh,8 falling in battle with the King of Rathluine and of Kerry Luachira, and 6,000 men.
In 869 there was “ an extensively and indescribable slaughter of the foreigners at Dun-main, in the west of Ireland.” The Dim was demolished, and was probably a stronghold of the Danes. The victors were the men of Kerry under Congalach, the men of Limerick under Flannery, and the Eognachists of Loch Lein under Conlegan. Amlaff, the Danish chief, plundered Lismore about this time, but the men

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 61

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, the city was already called great in this period. The record names Ailill as Abbot of Trian Corcaigh, the third part or quarter of Cork. He fell in battle with the King of Rathluine and of Kerry Luachira, and 6,000 men with them.

Bishop O'Herlihy hiding on coast islands during persecution

near Ross · parish · Cork · 1571

During religious persecution, Bishop O'Herlihy of Ross was obliged to hide in some of the islands on the coast. He was discovered in the spring of 1571 and delivered to Sir John Perrott, who sent him to the Tower of London.

Read the passage

But the hand of persecution was already active in marking down its victims, and the Bishop of Ross was obliged to hide in some of the islands on the coast.
He was discovered in the spring of 1571, and delivered up to Sir John Perrott, who sent him to the Tower of London.7 Here, says a contemporary authority :

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 164

As the companion tells it

As you travel through the parish of Ross, you are passing through country where Bishop O'Herlihy once hid from religious persecution on the islands along this coast. He was found in the spring of 1571 and handed over to Sir John Perrott, who sent him to the Tower of London.

Castle of the Lake (Killarney) taken from Mac Carthy More's sons

Killarney · town · Kerry

After the death of Mac Carthy More, described as the best protector of the destitute in Leath Mhoda, the castle of the lake at Killarney was taken from his sons. They were forced to take refuge with Mac Maurice.

Read the passage

Mac Carthy More died the same year, and is described as the best protector of the destitute and the needy of all the lords of Leath Mhoda. In the following year “ the castle of the lake ” (Killarney) was taken from his sons, and they were obliged to take refuge with Mac Maurice.
Great depredations were committed by Mac Maurice in revenge, he laying waste Magh O-y Coinchinn (Magunchy) from the hills westwards.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 135

Catholic laity reduced to extreme poverty

Waterford · city · Waterford · 1606

The Vicar-Apostolic narrated that many Catholic laypeople were reduced to extreme poverty and misery, and those with property were doubly persecuted by avaricious courtiers seeking to prey on Catholic wealth.

Read the passage

He then narrates the sufferings of the Catholic laity, many of whom, he says, are reduced to “extreme poverty and misery;” “ if they have any property, they are doubly persecuted by the avaricious courtiers. But so many have given a glorious testimony of their faith, he thinks their enemies and persecutors have gained but little. Thus, while one party was rejoicing in their temporal gain, the other was rejoicing in temporal loss ; and while the former were preaching liberty of conscience as their creed, the latter were martyrs to it.
Another letter to Rome says : — “ 2,000 florins are offered for the discovery of a Jesuit, and 1,000 for the discovery of any otliei piiest, 01 even of the house where he lives. "When¬ ever the servants of any of the clergy are arrested, they are cruelly scourged with whips, until they disclose all that they know about them. Bodies of soldiers are dispersed through¬ out the country in pursuit of bandits and priests ; and all that they seize on, they have the power, by martial law, of hanging without further trial. They enter private houses, and execute whom they please, vieing with each other in cruelty. It is difficult to define the precise number of those who are put to death. All who are greedy and spendthrifts, seek to make a prey of the property of the Catholics. No doors, no waffs, no enclosures can stop them in their course. Whatever is for

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 284

Catholic merchants dominating Cork trade

Cork · city · Cork

An anti-Catholic pamphleteer complains that Catholic merchants in Cork are overtaking Protestant trade through diligence and frugality, importing priests and dealing exclusively with one another, predicting parliamentary control of their commercial activities.

Read the passage

As to their manner of carrying on trade, however, he speaks of it with abhorrence ; and in explanation of the means by which they engrossed it, he tells us that through wealth, pride, envy, mutual oppression, Protestant indolence, and Popish vigilance, the trade of the city had been forced from its natural course into another channel within a few years ; that the most considerable branch of our trade had been the export of great quantities of beef to our plantations to supply the French, with whom we trafficked in some uninhabited island, before Irish ships were obliged to touch first in England ; but that then the French, in galleys of four or five hundred tons, came hither themselves, consigned to a Popish factor, “whose relations and correspondents,” says he, “ were abroad, and it may be whose union at home, and whose diligence being more, and luxury less than Protestants, will at last swallow up the trade, and suck the marrow of this city ; and, like the ivy, will grow to be an oak, and prove absolute in their power over the commerce of those on whom they should be dependent for bread ; and,” he proceeds, “as a certain baronet observed about four years ago,
‘ how secure do men of that religion live in despite of the law , whilst Protestants look idly on, and by an easiness of temper peculiar to themselves suspend the execution of the laws which never required, no, not at their first making, a more severe execution than at this day. By running away with this profitable branch, not only the prejudice they do a Protestant trader, but the benefit arising to P opish dealers and tradesmen, is destructive of the Protestant interest of the city. From

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 315

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, there is an old complaint about who controlled the trade here. A Protestant pamphleteer wrote against the Catholic merchants, saying the trade had been forced from its natural course into another channel within a few years, through wealth, pride, envy, Protestant indolence, and Catholic vigilance. The most considerable branch had been the export of beef to the plantations to supply the French, with whom they trafficked on some uninhabited island, before Irish ships were obliged to touch first in England. But then the French came themselves in galleys of four or five hundred tons, consigned to a Catholic factor. The pamphleteer warned that these merchants, whose relations and correspondents were abroad, whose diligence was more and luxury less than Protestants, would "swallow up the trade, and suck the marrow of this city." He said they would, "like the ivy, grow to be an oak, and prove absolute in their power over the commerce of those on whom they should be dependent for bread." He quoted a baronet who had observed about four years earlier that men of that religion lived secure in despite of the law, while Protestants looked idly on, suspending execution of laws that never required a more severe execution than at that day. By running away with this profitable branch, he said, the benefit arising to Catholic dealers and tradesmen was destructive of the Protestant interest of the city.

Clancarre encamped at Killorglin warns Cork

Killorglin · town · Kerry · 1580

The Earl of Clancarre, encamped at Killorglin near Killarney, spotted the Spanish fleet before landing and sent a hasty despatch to Cork, likely motivated by fear for his hostage son if suspected of complicity.

Read the passage

The little Spanish fleet was sighted before landing, and the Earl of Clancare, who was encamped at Killorglen, near Killarney, and who, no doubt, had a very vivid anticipation of the probable consequences to his “ sonne,” if he was even suspected of complicity by his silence, sent a despatch in all haste to Cork. Another warning was sent from (Castle Magne) Castlemaine, Co. Kerry, by Andrew Martin, the constable, to St. Leger, and the Connors of Lixnaw, also sent a report to the Recorder of Limerick.
There is no doubt that San Jose was a traitor of the deepest dye. On the arrival of the Spaniards, he selected the Fort del Ore as his headquarters, in opposition to the urgent entreaties of the Irish leaders, who knew the strength of the English fleet,

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 217

Collegiate church founded at Youghal by Earl Thomas

Youghal · town · Cork · 1462

Earl Thomas FitzGerald erected and endowed a collegiate church at Youghal, staffed with a warden, eight fellows, and eight choristers, demonstrating his commitment to promoting learning.

Read the passage

The Irish writers describe Earl Thomas as valiant and successful in war, a quality especially appreciated by them — as comely in person, scarcely less estimated. He had also a reputation for learning, for hospitality, for humanity, and, above all, was liberal to the clergy, and to antiquarians and bards. He certainly manifested his desire to promote learning, whether possessed of it himself or not, as he erected and ndowed a collegiate church at Youghal, with a warden
THE “GREAT'' EARL OE DESMOND. M1

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 131

Deep submerged bog at Clonakilty Bay

near Clonakilty Bay · bay · Cork

On the east side of Clonakilty Bay the surface of a submerged bog is barely above sea level, but it has been probed to a depth of fifty feet. Such bogs could only have formed on ground standing above the sea, proving greater land elevation in the past.

Read the passage

The land rose after the submergence to a higher level than that at which it stands at present (this, though probably not indispensable, was one of the conditions which conspired to favour the production of the corry glaciers) ; of this we have direct proof in the submerged bogs to be found off shore in Cork and in many other parts of Ireland. Peat is cut from such bogs near Rosscarbery, and at Tralong Bay, two miles westward thereof, also on the west side of Courtmacsherry Bay. On the east side of Clonakilty Bay the surface of the bog is but little above the sea, but it has been probed to the depth of fifty feet. Such bogs, of course, could only be formed on ground standing above the sea. Another reason for in¬ ferring the greater elevation of the land, at that time, is this, that Ireland must have been united to England and the Con¬ tinent after the general glaciation and subsequent deep sub¬ mergence. In no other way than this can we account for the immigration of the greater part of the land animals into Ireland, some of which animals are now extinct ; such as the Arctic Mammoth or Woolly Elephant ( Elephas primigenius ), whose remains have been found in a cave near Dungarvan, a short way out of this county, in Waterford, and the Irish Elk, as it is sometimes called ( Megaceros H ibernicus ), which was related to the reindeer, and would, probably, prefer a climate colder than that of Ireland is now, and whose remains have bc'en found in this county a little to the S.W. of Charleville, in the townland of Ratkmealey, near Cooliney. We may mention here the Polar bear ( Ursus Maritimus ), though nut extinct, another Arctic animal, whose bones have been found in Lough Gur, Co. Limerick, outside the northern boundary of this county.
We have no record of stone weapons, etc., of human manu¬ facture having been found, as yet, in the drift of this district.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 368

Dermot O'Brien devastates Cloyne and takes relics

Cloyne · town · Cork · 1071

In 1071, Dermot O'Brien sailed a fleet around Ireland, devastated Cloyne (Cluain-Uamha), and took away the relics of St. Finnbarr from Cill-na-clench. This was a major disruption to the ecclesiastical settlement.

Read the passage

A.D. 1071. — A fleet, with Dermot O’Brien, sailed round Ireland. He devastated Cluain-Uamha, and took away the relics of St. Finnbarr from Cill-na- clench.
A.D. 1075. — O’Currain, arcliinnech of Cluain-Uamha,

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 424

Desmond concealed in woods near Tralee

Tralee · town · Kerry · 1583

During the remainder of September and early November 1583, the deserted Earl of Desmond lay concealed in the woods near Tralee with the few followers who remained faithful to him. The episode illustrates the earl's desperate decline in the final phase of the rebellion.

Read the passage

All the earl’s followers had now deserted him, and it is pitiful to read how he “ wepte like a child over the loss of his menne.” During the remainder of September and the early part of November he lay concealed in the woods near Tralee, with the few followers who continued faithful to him. On Saturday, the 9th of November, the earl left the woods, near Castleisland, and went westward beyond Trainore to Doire-

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 229

Donnchadh and Clochna slain fighting Danes

Cork · city · Cork

The men of Cork and Kerry, commanded by Donnchadh and by Clochna, Lord of Corca-Laighe, opposed the Danes. Both commanders were slain even in the hour of victory.

Read the passage

The Danes met with strong opposition more than once in the South of Ireland. They were slaughtered at A rd- Ter a - daigh by the men of middle Munster, and they were opposed by the “ South of Ireland,” 2 the men of Cork and Kerry, who were commanded by Donnchadh, and by Clochna , Lord of Corca-Laighe? Both were slain, even in the hour of victory.4
In 836 C ena,in- M or (Cloy no), Ros-Ailithir , and Cenn-mare (Kenmare) were all plundered. Indeed, places were plundered so frequently and persistently by each succeded raid, that one wonders how anything could have been left to take away.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 60

As the companion tells it

Coming through Cork. The Danes met strong opposition here in the south. The men of Cork and Kerry faced them, commanded by Donnchadh and by Clochna, Lord of Corca-Laighe. Both commanders were slain, even in the hour of victory. The Danes had been slaughtered before too, at Ard-Teradaigh, by the men of middle Munster. In 836 Cloyne, Ros-Ailithir, and Kenmare were all plundered. Places were raided so frequently and persistently by each succeeding raid that one wonders how anything could have been left to take away.

Finglas report cites Kilkenny parliament as governing Ireland

Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny

Patrick Finglas, a Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland, wrote a report called 'The Decay of Ireland' in the seventh year of Henry VIII. He stated that the nation was ruled by the parliament held at Kilkenny by the Duke of Clarence, and that if its regulations had been kept, Ireland would have remained obedient.

Read the passage

It states, what certainly was not true “ that most of these parties were conquered by King Henry II.” Yet, in a few lines further on, the causes are given why Ireland was not conquered. All the daughters of the Earl Marshal were married to lords in England, “ and the lords, husbands to the ladies,” though they liked Irish property very much indeed to spend, they liked to spend it in England ; and they “ sent small defence for their lands in Ireland, though they received the profits ;” and, moreover, “some of them never saw Ireland,” so their lands began to decay. “ The nation is ruled by the parliament held at Kilkennye by the Duke of Clarence ;” and as every one had, or has, a panacea for Ireland, he says that if the regulations made then and there had been kept, “ Ireland had been in obedience to this day.”
But whose fault was it that these same regulations were not kept ? Certainly it was not the fault of the Irish, but of the very Anglo-Irish lords who so easily agreed to the ducal behests when the duke was present, and so cleverly evaded the same when the duke was absent.9

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 150

Fitzmaurices seize temporalities of the see of Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1490–1492

During Bishop Thady Maher's administration from 1490, the Fitzmaurices and other southern chieftains seized most of the temporalities of the see of Cork. Pope Innocent VIII issued a brief on 18 July 1492 commanding them to desist from their usurpation under the usual penalties.

Read the passage

On the 31st January, 1462-3, Gerald Fitzgerald was appointed by the Sovereign Pontiff bishop of the united sees, vacant by the resignation of the aged bishop Jordan. Many efforts were subsequently made to set aside this appointment , however, it was irrevocably recognised by Pome. The chief difficulty arose from the former coadjutor, Dr. Roche, who, finding the see now vacant by the resignation of Bishop Jordan, claimed it as belonging to him by that “ right of succession” which had originally been accorded to him. It was only in December, 147 G that this controversy was finally closed, when a letter was addressed by Pope Paul II. to the Archbishop of Cashel, commanding him to put Gerald Fitz¬ gerald in full possession of all the temporalities of the united sees. Peace being thus restored, Dr. Fitzgerald remained in undisturbed possession till his death in 1479- William Roche, by his submission to the former decisions of the Holy See, merited to be appointed his successor ; thus all rival claims were happily adjusted, and Dr. Roche for eleven years continued to administer this see. When at length he resigned the arduous charge, Thady Mecher, or Maher, was appointed, the next bishop in 149°- Most of the temporalities of the see, however, were seized on by the Fitzmaurices and other southern chieftains ; so much so that Pope Innocent VIII. was obliged to issue a brief on the 18th of July, 1492, command¬ ing these parties under the usual penalties to desist from their
iniquitous usurpation.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 173

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, this city carries a story of church lands seized by force. Gerald Fitzgerald was appointed bishop of the united sees by the Sovereign Pontiff, after the resignation of the aged Bishop Jordan. Many efforts were subsequently made to set aside this appointment, but it was irrevocably recognised by Rome. The chief difficulty came from the former coadjutor, Roche, who claimed the see by right of succession originally accorded to him. That controversy was finally closed when a letter from the Pope commanded the Archbishop of Cashel to put Gerald Fitzgerald in full possession of all the temporalities of the united sees. Peace being restored, Doctor Fitzgerald remained in undisturbed possession until his death in 1479. William Roche, by his submission to the former decisions of the Holy See, was appointed his successor, and for eleven years continued to administer this see. When he resigned, Thady Maher was appointed the next bishop in 1490. Most of the temporalities of the see, however, were seized by the Fitzmaurices and other southern chieftains. Pope Innocent VIII was obliged to issue a brief on the 18th of July 1492, commanding these parties under the usual penalties to desist from their usurpation.

Gerald Fitzgerald appointed Bishop of Cork and Cloyne

Cork · city · Cork · 1463–1476

Gerald Fitzgerald was appointed bishop of the united sees of Cork and Cloyne by the Pope in 1463. A prolonged controversy with the former coadjutor Dr. Roche was finally resolved in December 1476 when Pope Paul II commanded the Archbishop of Cashel to install Fitzgerald in full possession of the temporalities.

Read the passage

On the 31st January, 1462-3, Gerald Fitzgerald was appointed by the Sovereign Pontiff bishop of the united sees, vacant by the resignation of the aged bishop Jordan. Many efforts were subsequently made to set aside this appointment , however, it was irrevocably recognised by Pome. The chief difficulty arose from the former coadjutor, Dr. Roche, who, finding the see now vacant by the resignation of Bishop Jordan, claimed it as belonging to him by that “ right of succession” which had originally been accorded to him. It was only in December, 147 G that this controversy was finally closed, when a letter was addressed by Pope Paul II. to the Archbishop of Cashel, commanding him to put Gerald Fitz¬ gerald in full possession of all the temporalities of the united sees. Peace being thus restored, Dr. Fitzgerald remained in undisturbed possession till his death in 1479- William Roche, by his submission to the former decisions of the Holy See, merited to be appointed his successor ; thus all rival claims were happily adjusted, and Dr. Roche for eleven years continued to administer this see. When at length he resigned the arduous charge, Thady Mecher, or Maher, was appointed, the next bishop in 149°- Most of the temporalities of the see, however, were seized on by the Fitzmaurices and other southern chieftains ; so much so that Pope Innocent VIII. was obliged to issue a brief on the 18th of July, 1492, command¬ ing these parties under the usual penalties to desist from their
iniquitous usurpation.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 173

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Cork, this city carries the story of a bishop's long fight to take his seat. On the 31st of January, 1463, Gerald Fitzgerald was appointed by the Sovereign Pontiff bishop of the united sees of Cork and Cloyne, vacant by the resignation of the aged bishop Jordan. Many efforts were subsequently made to set aside this appointment, but it was irrevocably recognised by Rome. The chief difficulty arose from the former coadjutor, Dr. Roche, who, finding the see vacant by the resignation of Bishop Jordan, claimed it as belonging to him by that

Geraldine residence at the island of Kerry

Kerry · county · Kerry · 1367

The Earl of Desmond's principal residence was located at the island of Kerry. He was appointed Viceroy in 1367 after Lionel, Duke of Clarence.

Read the passage

Elis principal residence, doubtless, was at the sweetest island of Kerry but in 1367 he was appointed Viceroy, after Lionel, Duke of Clarence, the only heir to the English Crown who ever governed Ireland personally. The office could scarcely have been a very pleasant one, from the- then state of society, when enactments were obliged to be made to prevent the English born in England from calling the English born in Ireland “ Irish dogs,” and the English born in Ireland from calling the English of England “ English robbers.”
It was furthermore required that English subjects should not war against each other, a custom which would undoubtedly have been more honoured in the breach than in the observance, but which, nevertheless, could not be put down by Act of Parliament; and it was equally forbidden, and the prohibition was equally useless, to bring Irish to their assistance for such purposes.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 130

As the companion tells it

As you travel through Kerry, this is the county where the Earl of Desmond kept his principal residence, on the island of Kerry. In 1367 he was appointed Viceroy, succeeding Lionel, Duke of Clarence, who was the only heir to the English Crown ever to govern Ireland in person. The office could scarcely have been pleasant, given the state of society at the time. Enactments had to be made to stop the English born in England calling the English born in Ireland "Irish dogs," and the English born in Ireland calling the English of England "English robbers." English subjects were also forbidden to wage war against each other, a custom more honoured in the breach than the observance, but one that no Act of Parliament could put down. It was equally forbidden, and equally useless, to bring Irishmen to their assistance for such purposes.

Grey proceeds to Dingle after Fort del Ore

Dingle · town · Kerry · 1580–1581

Following the capture of the Fort del Ore, the lord deputy went to Dingle and appointed Captain Zouch to govern the surrounding country. The Geraldine leaders were then hunted down one by one and executed.

Read the passage

After the capture of the Fort del Ore, the leaders of the Geraldines were all captured, one by one, and executed. The lord deputy went to Dingle, Captain Zouch was appointed to govern the country, and he marched on Castlemaine early in 1581, where he surprised the Earl of Desmond, who escaped with great difficulty. Sir John Desmond and James Fitzmaurice had been leading a wandering life, plundering through the country.
Under the year 1581, the Four Masters ha\ e the following records : —

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 222

Kinneigh round tower and sacred swearing stone

Kinneigh · townland · Cork · 1690–1699

A high round tower stood on the south-west corner of Kinneigh churchyard, and the church was thought to have formerly been a cathedral. A sacred stone on the south-west corner of the church was used by the Irish for solemn oaths.

Read the passage

lias obliged all the tenants not to admit Papists. In the parish of Skull there are about four Protestant families, and about four hundred Papist families; Daniel Carthy is Popish priest of the eastern part of this parish ; he- has been here ever since before the late troubles. No glebe in this parish, no registry-book, nor Bible, nor common prayer 1 o ik . In Kilmoe there are the ruins of’ a chapel at the westr end of the town dedicated to St. Mullagh. 'Phe church of Kilmoe is dedicated to St. Briana, alias Brandon, whose festival is observed in this parish. There are about nine Protestant families, and two hundred Papists ; Teige Coghlen is Popish priest of Kilmoe, and of the western part, or Skull ; he has been here about eight years. A young Irishman, a Papist, teaches school about the middle of the parish. In all O’Sullivan’s country they observe as a holiday 1 St. Eooane’s Day.’ At Kinneigh a high round tower stands on the south¬ west corner of the church-yard. ’Tis supposed this church was formerly a cathedral. A stone is on the south-west corner of the church of Kinneigh, counted very sacred, which the Irish solemnly swear upon. The church is accounted by the Irish very sacred. There is a tradition that formerly, in this churchyard, there was a well that had great medicinal virtues, and that the concourse of people being very chargeable to the inhabitants they stopped it up. In Murragh, Daniel Hurly, a quiet man, is Popish priest of this and three or four contiguous parishes ; there are more Protestants than Papists ; there was a registry lately bought, and a Bible, and two Common Prayer books. In Desertsurgis there are one hundred and fifty families of Protestants ; no Popish schoolmaster in this parish ; a Bible and Common Prayer book lately bought ; Denis Mahony is Popish priest of this parish.”

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 187

Limerick Danes attack Dalcassian territory

Limerick · city · Limerick

Ivor, chieftain of the Limerick Danes, attacked the territory of Dal-Cais in retaliation for Danish losses in Munster. He was joined by native princes including Molloy and Donovan, resulting in the battle of Sulcoit.

Read the passage

The result was a conference of the tribe, who voted for war, and marched into the country of the Eoghanists (the present co. Kerry), who at once joined the standard of the Dalcassians. The Danes suffered severely in Munster. This aroused the Limerick Danes ; and their chieftain, Ivor, attacked the terri¬ tory of Dal-Cais, an exploit in which he was joined, to their eternal shame, by several native princes and tribes, amongst whom were Maolmuadh (Molloy), son of Braun, King of Desmond, and Donabhan (Donovan), son of Cathal, King of Ui Cairbhri. The result was a fierce battle at Sulcoit, near Tipperary, wherein the Danes were gloriously defeated. The action was commenced by the Northmen. It continued from sunrise till mid-day, and terminated in the rout of the
4. Chess. — Flann Sionna, Monarch of Ireland, had encamped on this plain, and ostentatiously commenced a game of chess as a -jnark of contempt for the chieftains whose country he had invaded. His folly met its just punishment, for he was ignominiously defeated. See Wars of the Gaedhil, p. 1 13, note.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 67

As the companion tells it

Coming up near Limerick now. The Danes suffered severely in Munster, and that aroused the Limerick Danes. Their chieftain, Ivor, attacked the territory of Dal-Cais. He was joined, to their eternal shame, by several native princes and tribes, among them Molloy, son of Braun, King of Desmond, and Donovan, son of Cathal, King of Ui Cairbhri. The result was a fierce battle at Sulcoit, near Tipperary. The Danes were defeated there. The action was commenced by the Northmen. It continued from sunrise till mid-day, and terminated in their rout. There is a note attached to this passage about the plain where the battle was fought. Flann Sionna, Monarch of Ireland, had encamped on this plain and ostentatiously commenced a game of chess as a mark of contempt for the chieftains whose country he had invaded. His folly met its just punishment, for he was ignominiously defeated.

Mass burial pit at Shandon church-yard

near Shandon · locality · Cork

A large pit was dug at the back of the Green in Shandon church-yard for the burial of several hundred indigent persons. They were buried there for want of money to purchase graves, during a time when many poor perished despite being fed at a public mess in the city.

Read the passage

and numbers of the poor perished, though several were daily fed at a public mess in this city. There was a large pit dug: at the back of the Green in Shandon church-yard, where several hundred indigent persons were buried, for want of money to purchase graves for themselves.
“ December 25, 1 761. — An act was passed this year, which, after reciting that there were then only two public avenues to Cork, and that same were narrow and inconvenient, provides for the building of a stone bridge, not exceeding in breadth twenty-six feet, from the quay opposite Prince’s Street to the northern or opposite part oi Lavitt s island, and another from the southern part of said island to the Red Abbey Marsh, of the same breadth, with a draw bridge in its centre. Ihis act also provides for supplying said city with water.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 317

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Shandon, on the outskirts of Cork. During a time of great hardship, numbers of the poor perished here, though several were daily fed at a public mess in the city. A large pit was dug at the back of the Green in Shandon church-yard, where several hundred indigent persons were buried. They were buried there, in the words of the source,

Mint established in Cork under Edward I

Cork · city · Cork · 1272–1307

A mint was established in Cork as early as the reign of Edward I. Cork pennies from this reign bear the king's head within a triangle with the inscription 'Edw. R. Ang. Dns. Hyb' and on the reverse 'Civitas Corcacie.'

Read the passage

A mint was established in Cork as early as the reign of Edward I., but few of the coins are now known to exist. The Cork pennies of this reign are given in Simmond s work on Irish coins. They have the king’s head within a triangle, and bear the inscription “ Edw. R. Ang. Dns. Hyb. On the reverse the cross and three pellets in each quarter, and round
it “ Civitas Corcacie.” .... , ,

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 411

As the companion tells it

Cork had a mint as far back as the reign of Edward the First. The pennies struck here bore the king's head inside a triangle, with the inscription reading, in the source, Edw. R. Ang. Dns. Hyb. On the reverse sat a cross, three pellets in each quarter, and around it the words Civitas Corcacie. Few of these coins survive today.

Old Head of Kinsale fort held by Florence MacCarthy

near Old Head of Kinsale · promontory · Cork · 1600

A strong fort at the Old Head of Kinsale was lately in Florence MacCarthy's keeping but had been taken by direction and award. The fort's strategic importance is noted in the context of Florence's alliance with O'Neill and the need for naval protection of the coast.

Read the passage

“ At the Old Head of Kinsall there is a strong fort, lately in Florence’s keeping, but now taken by direction and award, their place. O’Neyll had equally divided betwixt his cousin Florence and his Earl of Desmond all profits gotten in possession, or coming from beyond the seayes. Pardon me, Right Honbl.e, I beseech you to yield a poor opinion: it were very requisite that some of her Majesty’s pinnaces be appointed for this coast, and the river of the Shannon. The consideration I humbly leave to. your honor’s grave and deep deep judgment, craving pardon for my boldness.
“Cork, this 2nd of April, 1600.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 242

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Old Head of Kinsale, there was a strong fort that was lately in Florence MacCarthy's keeping, but by 1600 it had been taken by direction and award. O'Neill had divided profits equally between his cousin Florence and the Earl of Desmond, from possessions and from beyond the seas. The writer of this letter, sent from Cork on the 2nd of April 1600, urged that some of her Majesty's pinnaces be appointed for this coast and the river of the Shannon, leaving the matter to the recipient's judgment.

O'Neil met at Cork by Desmond and plunders Barrymore

Barrymore · barony · Cork · 1600

In spring 1600 O'Neil marched south and was met at Cork by James Fitzmaurice, Earl of Desmond. Together they plundered through Roche's country and Barrymore, punishing the loyal Lord Barry.

Read the passage

O’Neil marched south in the spring of the year 1600, “ to confirm his friendship with his allies in the war, and to wreak his vengeance on his enemies.’ He was met at Cork by James Fitzmaurice, the sugcine Earl of Desmond, and they plundered through Roche’s country and Barrymore.
The Lord Barry of that day was loyal, and was therefore plundered, a fact which he did not forget in future intercourse with O’Neil and Desmond.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 240

Prince Rupert lands and is blockaded at Kinsale

Kinsale · town · Cork · 1649

Prince Rupert landed in Kinsale, where his brother Maurice had arrived about a fortnight before. The English parliament sent forces to blockade the port, and Rupert was eventually obliged to sail for Lisbon, having lost more than half his fleet.

Read the passage

Immediately after the execution of Charles I., the Earl of Ormond proclaimed Charles II. in Cork, Kinsale, Youghal, and other southern towns. Prince Rupert landed in Kinsale, where his brother Maurice had arrived about a fortnight before; but the English parliament sent at once to blockade that port, and Rupert was obliged eventually to sail for Lisbon, having lost more than half his fleet.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 291

As the companion tells it

You're coming into Kinsale now. After the execution of Charles I, the Earl of Ormond proclaimed Charles II in Kinsale and other southern towns. Prince Rupert landed here in 1649, where his brother Maurice had arrived about a fortnight before. The English parliament sent forces to blockade the port, and Rupert was eventually obliged to sail for Lisbon, having lost more than half his fleet.

Siege of Wexford by Dermod and Norman allies

Wexford · town · Wexford · 1169

Dermod MacMurrough, joined by his Norman allies, laid siege to the city of Wexford with a combined force. The inhabitants of the mercantile town came out to meet them but, fearing defeat in open battle, fired the suburbs and entrenched themselves in the town.

Read the passage

There is considerable uncertainty as to the real date and the precise circumstances of Dermod’s arrival in Ireland. According to one account, he returned at the close of the year 1 1 6 1, and concealed himself during the winter in a monastery of Augustinian Canons at Ferns, which he had founded. The two principal authorities are Giraldus Cambrensis and Maurice Regan — the latter was Dermod Mac Murrough’s secretary. According to his account, Robert Fitz Stephen landed at Bannow, near Waterford, in May, 1169, with an army of three hundred archers, thirty knights, and sixty men-at-arms. A second detachment arrived the next day, headed by Maurice de Prendergast, a Welsh gentleman, with ten knights and sixty archers. Dermod at once assembled his men, and joined his allies. He could only muster five hundred followers ; but with their united forces, such as they were, the outlawed king and the needy adventurers, laid siege to the city of Wexford. The brave inhabitants of this mercantile town at once set forth to meet them; but fearing the result, if attacked in open field by well-disciplined troops, they fired the suburbs, and en-
who was mother to Giraldus Cambrensis. This relationship accounts for the absurd eulogiums which he has lavished on the Geraldines. Demetia is the district now called Pembrokeshire, where a colony of Normans established themselves after the Norman Conquest. — See Thierry’s Norman Conquest.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 102

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Wexford town. In May 1169 this was the scene of a siege. The two principal authorities for what happened are Giraldus Cambrennis and Maurice Regan, who was Dermod MacMurrough's secretary. According to that account, Robert Fitz Stephen landed at Bannow, near Waterford, with an army of 300 archers, 30 knights, and 60 men-at-arms. A second detachment arrived the next day, headed by Maurice de Prendergast, a Welsh gentleman, with 10 knights and 60 archers. Dermod at once assembled his men and joined his allies. He could only muster 500 followers. With their united forces, such as they were, the outlawed king and the needy adventurers laid siege to the city of Wexford. The brave inhabitants of this mercantile town at once set forth to meet them, but fearing the result if attacked in open field by well-disciplined troops, they fired the suburbs and entrenched themselves in the town.

Silver gilt shrine given to Dominicans of Youghal, 1617

Youghal · town · Cork · 1617

In 1617, Lady Honor Fitzgerald of the Geraldine family presented the Dominicans of Youghal with a silver gilt shrine for the image of the Madonna. The reliquary, about four inches high, bears an inscription in Roman letters and features folding doors displaying the image within.

Read the passage

“ 1617. — The Lady Honor Fitzgerald, of the Geraldine family, presented the Dominicans of Youghall, with a silver gilt shrine for the image of the Madonna, in their possession. This relique is about four inches in height, by one in width. Its sides are richly chased with floriated ornaments, and its summit is surmounted by a cross. It opens with two folding doors, which, thrown back, display the image within. The reverse of these doors bear a crucifixion and a figure of a saint in prayer respectively. On the outside is this inscrip¬ tion in the Roman letters : — ‘ Orate pro anima onariae hike, Tacobi De Geraldinis, Jae Me Fieri Fecit. Anno. D.M.S. 1617.’ ”
Youghal is greatly indebted to the Drew family for their magnificent outlay in the restoration of Youghal church. The Rev. Robert Drew, of the Towers, Youghal, has given an

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 450

5,000 French troops land at Kinsale under Lauzun

Kinsale · town · Cork · 1689

On the 14th of March, 5,000 French troops landed at Kinsale under Count Lauzun and the Marquise de Lang, while King James sent back Irish troops in their place.

Read the passage

“ On Wednesday, the 12th of March, King James landed in Kinsale, who soon after came to Cork, where, on the next Sunday, he heard mass in a new chapel, lately erected near the Franciscan Friary. Through the streets he was supported by two friars of that order, and attended by many others in their habits. He was received and entertained by Donough, earl of Clancarty, on his landing, at which time the king made him one of the lords of his bedchamber, and his regiment a royal regiment of guards. He was also made clerk of the crown and peace throughout this province, by letters patent. On the 1 4th, 5,000 French landed at Kinsale, under Count Lauzun and the Marquise de Lang. In their room King James sent back
374

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 300

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Kinsale now. On the 12th of March, 1689, King James landed here, and was received and entertained by Donough, Earl of Clancarty, whom he made one of the lords of his bedchamber. Two days later, on the 14th, 5,000 French troops landed at Kinsale under Count Lauzun and the Marquise de Lang. In their place, King James sent back Irish troops. Before coming here, James heard mass in a new chapel near the Franciscan Friary in Cork, supported through the streets by two friars of that order, with many others attending in their habits.

Anglo-Norman settlers complain of extortion at Kilkenny

Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny · 1338–1340

Anglo-Norman settlers, headed by the Earl of Desmond, refused to attend a Dublin parliament and held a meeting at Kilkenny where they sent three pointed queries to the Crown and a petition declaring that English settlers in Ireland were reduced to extreme poverty by the extortions of English ministers.

Read the passage

Anglo-Norman settlers refused to attend it ; and, headed by the Earl of Desmond, held a meeting at Kilkenny. They set to work in a business-like manner, and sent in three queries for the royal consideration, which certainly had the merit of brevity and point. They asked : _
(1) . How a country in a state of war could be governed by ci person who was unskilled in military affairs ?

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 127

Ballincollig castle, ancient Barrett seat

near Ballincollig · town · Cork · 1600–1690

Ballincollig castle, four miles from Cork, was an ancient seat of the Barretts, built upon a rock and flanked with towers at each angle. In 1600 William Barrett submitted to the Queen's mercy after Desmond's rebellion, and the castle was later garrisoned for King James II.

Read the passage

In the southern point of this barony (in the road leading from Cork to Bandon, four miles from the former) is a rained abbey, called Bally vacadane, founded by Cormac Mac Gaithy Mac Tiege, surnamed Laider, for Austme nuns, about the vear 14 so. Part of the walls still stand. Ballmcoltig a large castle not far distant, was an ancient seat of the Barretts, lour miles ’from Cork. Anno 1600, William Barrett, of Bailmcollio- submitted to the Queen’s mercy, having been concerned in Desmond’s rebellion. This castle was garrisoned well, and in the late wars for King James II. It is built upon a rock and flanked with towers at each angle. Ihe other chief seat of the Barretts was Castlemore, m the northern
extremity oi this barony.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 397

Bandon and Kinsale declared for Cromwell

Bandon · town · Cork · 1649–1650

Bandon was easily captured by Cromwell because it was already in the Parliamentary interest, and Kinsale also declared for him. These easy gains occasioned Cromwell's letters of self-gratulating humility.

Read the passage

Bandon was made an easy capture, being already in the Parliamentary interest, and Kinsale also “ declared ’ for Crom¬ well, all which gives him occasion for letters of zelf-gratuiating humility ; in which, however, he manages to hit pretty hard at “dissenting brethren,” i.e., those who presumed to differ from him, and on whom he dares not yet exercise the “tender mercies” of which he was so liberal in Ireland. Cromwell could palaver when he dared not curse ; could temporise and hide the sword in velvet when he feared to use it.3
Cromwell complains that he found some of the names of

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 294

Bishop of Cloyne dies; abbot and prior slain by Danes

Cloyne · town · Cork · 884–885

In 884 the learned Bishop Reachtaidh of Cloyne died. The following year, Fearghal the Abbot and Uamanian the Prior of Cloyne were slain by the Danes, showing the impact of Norse raids on the church at Cloyne.

Read the passage

The death of Reachtaidh , the learned Bishop of Cltiain- Uamhrach (Cloyne), is entered under the year 884. In 885 Fearghal, the Abbot, and Uamanian, the Prior of Cloyne, were slain by the Danes. In 894, according to the Four Masters, and 898, in the annals of Ulster, Arggatann, the Abbot of “ Great Cork,” died.
The Chronicum Scotorom enters the death of Saerbretach , a sage and Bishop of Cork, in 896, and Arggdan’s death in 889, in which year they say there was a famine of bread and much rain.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 61

Browne fails to secure Dublin clergy for royal supremacy

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1538

Two years after the 1536 parliament passed the Act of Supremacy, Archbishop Browne wrote from Dublin that he had been unable to induce any clergyman, secular or religious, to preach the king's title as Supreme Head. The same parliament had also suppressed abbeys and resumed absentee lands.

Read the passage

Yet for all this, Dr. Brown writes to Cromwell two years after (1538) ££ Since my coming over here [to Dublin] I
have been unable to induce any, either secular or religious, to preach the Word of God, or the King’s just title as Supreme Head over the Church,” 9

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 159

As the companion tells it

Coming through Dublin. In 1538, two years after parliament passed the Act of Supremacy, suppressed abbeys and resumed absentee lands, Archbishop Browne wrote from here to Cromwell. Since his arrival, he said, he had been unable to induce any clergyman, secular or religious, to preach the king's just title as Supreme Head.

Bruce wastes the Lord Justice's lands at Nenagh

Nenagh · town · Tipperary · 1315

After being crowned at Dundalk, Bruce marched to Limerick, then to Cashel, and thence to Nenagh, where he wasted all the Lord Justice's lands.

Read the passage

“ But the following year he returned with a more powerful army, committed great ravages, and caused himself to be crowned king at Dundalk. From the north he marched to Limerick ; about Palm Sunday came to Cashel ; and thence to Nenagh, where he wasted all the Lord Justice’s lands.
“ The English assembled an army of 30,000 men at Kilkenny ; and in Easter week, 1317, Sir Roger de Mortimer, who was appointed Lord Justice, landed at Youghal with 38 knights, upon whose arrival Bruce fled into Ulster, but he was pursued by the Lord Justice, who encountering him slew him and most of his men, and presented his head to King Edward II. The Connaught rebels being animated with the success gained by Bruce on his first arrival, entered this province and slew the Lord Stephen of Exeter, Miles de Cogan, and eighty of the Barrys and Lawlers.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 115

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Nenagh, this is the town Edward Bruce reached in 1315. He had returned to Ireland with a more powerful army and caused himself to be crowned king at Dundalk. From the north he marched to Limerick, came to Cashel about Palm Sunday, and from there to this town, where he wasted all the Lord Justice's lands. The English then gathered an army of 30,000 men at Kilkenny. In Easter week of 1317, Sir Roger de Mortimer, who had been appointed Lord Justice, landed at Youghal with 38 knights. Bruce fled into Ulster. The Lord Justice pursued him, encountered him, and slew him and most of his men. He presented Bruce's head to King Edward II. The Connaught rebels, animated by Bruce's early success, entered the province and slew Lord Stephen of Exeter, Miles de Cogan, and eighty of the Barrys and Lawlers.

Cannaway churchyard ruins and priest's altar

Cannaway · parish · Cork · 1690–1699

Downes describes Cannaway parish as having no church and no Protestants. A vault in the churchyard was made into an altar by the Catholic priest about a year before his visit, and Denis Sweeney served as priest of the parish.

Read the passage

“ In the parish of Adnageehy, David Terry, papist, gives the seventh part of his nnlk to the poor. In Abbey strowry the rector or vicar usually demands, besides his |burying fees, when the man of the family or widow dies worth £$, He sum of 13s. 4ch, as a mortuary. If the man dies worth less than they demand his second best suit of clothes, or 6s. 8d. in lieu thereof. In Dromdaleague parish Felix McCarthy is priest ; he was here before the late troubles. A Protestant schoolmaster complains that Papists teach public school in this parish. In Caharagh parish ’tis thought that there are forty Papists for one Protestant; William Guricheen, a very old man, is priest there. In Cannaway parish, no church, no Protestant ; there is the ruins of a house in the church-yard ; there is a vault whole ; the priest built an altar in it about a year ago, when some person of note was ^buried : Denis Sweeney is priest of this parish and Macromp.
Of Durrus, he writes : —

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 186

Charming Sally crew rescued and brought to Cork, 1738

Cork · city · Cork · 1738

In June 1738 the Bristol ship Charming Sally struck a huge grampus west of Ireland and was severely damaged. The crew kept the vessel afloat for five days before being taken off by a Portuguese sloop bound for Cork, arriving safely in the city.

Read the passage

‘ June, 1738. The Charming Sally, of Bristol (Captain John Madden, commander), when within 300 leagues west¬ ward of Ireland, struck against a grampus of enormous size. The ship gave a terrible bound, and overset all the chests, etc., in the cabin and between decks. It was supposed that the fish was cut dreadfully, as the sea was stained with his blood. Shortly afterwards the ship began to fill with water, and upon examination it was found to have been much injured, and to prevent her sinking the crew stuffed pieces of beef and pork between the planks, and by continual pumping kept her above the water for five days, at the end of which period they met a sloop from Portugal, bound to Cork, into which they went, and thus arrived safe in this city in a few days.”
Ruins of the Castle of Kilcoleman, Buttevant.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 308

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, it is worth remembering that in June 1738 this city was the safe harbour for the crew of the Charming Sally, a ship out of Bristol under Captain John Madden. She was 300 leagues west of Ireland when she struck a grampus of enormous size. The ship gave a terrible bound and overset all the chests in the cabin and between decks. The sea was stained with blood, and it was supposed the fish was cut dreadfully. The ship began to fill with water and was found to be much injured. To prevent her sinking, the crew stuffed pieces of beef and pork between the planks, and by continual pumping kept her above the water for five days. At the end of that period they met a sloop from Portugal, bound to Cork, into which they went, and thus arrived safe in this city in a few days.

Christ Church as Knights Templar castellated church

Cork · city · Cork

Christ Church in Cork was a castellated church of the Knights Templars, observed on the seventeenth-century map of the city at the same location where it still stood in the author's time. St. Peter's nearby was known as 'Oure Ladye Chapelle.'

Read the passage

another. Spenser, as we noted, lived in one about this very time. Prince Rupert — Cromwell — James II., were afterwards entertained in them. You observe Christ Church and St. Peter’s where Christ Church and St. Peter’s are still. The former was a castellated church of the Knights Templars. The latter was known as “ Oure Ladye Chapelle,’
“ But the most significant object on the map, as it was the chief object of civic care and expenditure, is the great city wall, encircling the whole, with the river for a foss, and six¬ teen towers for a coronal. The eastern walls corresponded with the western side of our present Grand P arade. P ortions of them were lately to be seen near Tobin-street. The Marsh, spreading eastward, is the site of the present South Mall, Patrick-street, and the conterminous streets. It looks on the map decidedly like what Lord Macaulay described it ‘ a desolate marsh, in which a sportsman who pursued the waterfowls sunk deep in the mire at every step.’ The western wall corresponded with the eastern side of the present Duncan - street. The river ran here, as depicted on the map, until the close of the last century. To the west were other marshes, on which now stand Nile-street, Henry-street, the Mardyke, etc. This district was called by our fathers, and is still known as, emphatically, 4 The Marsh.’ The space inside the walls was scarcely a quarter of a mile in length from north to south, and not more than an eighth of a mile in breadth from east to west.

Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 272

As the companion tells it

As the road brings you through Cork, Christ Church is here in the city, standing where a seventeenth-century map of Cork placed it. On that old map you can see Christ Church and St. Peter's where Christ Church and St. Peter's still stand. Christ Church was a castellated church of the Knights Templars. St. Peter's, close by, was known as "Oure Ladye Chapelle." The map shows more than churches. Its chief object of civic care and expenditure was the great city wall, encircling the whole, with the river for a foss and sixteen towers for a coronal. The eastern walls corresponded with the western side of the present Grand Parade. Portions of them were lately to be seen near Tobin-street. The Marsh, spreading eastward, is the site of the present South Mall, Patrick-street, and the conterminous streets. It looks on the map decidedly like what Lord Macaulay described as "a desolate marsh, in which a sportsman who pursued the waterfowls sunk deep in the mire at every step." The western wall corresponded with the eastern side of the present Duncan-street. The river ran there, as depicted on the map, until the close of the last century. To the west were other marshes, on which now stand Nile-street, Henry-street, the Mardyke, and more. This district was called by our fathers, and is still known as, emphatically, The Marsh. The space inside the walls was scarcely a quarter of a mile in length from north to south, and not more than an eighth of a mile in breadth from east to west.

A history of the city and county of Cork

The stories, best first

Knockninoss bones in Buttevant crypt

Lord justice departs Carrigafoyle for Askeaton after five days

Maurice Fitzgerald founds Franciscan monastery at Youghal

Penal statutes renewed in Dublin under James I

Rebels slay Lord Stephen of Exeter and others in Cork

Richard Gold's wheat seized for Lady Carew

Round Tower and Sacred Stone at Kinneigh

Silver and copper coins struck at Cork, 1647

Sir James Cotter raises funds and seizes shoes in Cork

Slaughter of foreigners at Dun-main in west of Ireland

Smerwick fort described as fortified rampart with flankers

St. Finbar's first cell at Gougane Barra

Sword and king's castle granted to Cork mayor (1537)

Turgesius the Dane drowned in Lough Owel

University authorized at Drogheda

Vatican description of walled city of Ross and cathedral

Victory over the Danes at Youghal

Waterford leads southern rejoicing after Elizabeth's death

White Horse Rock and Ship Rock near Dunmanway

Young earl visits lord president at Mallow

Bantry's decline from loss of pilchard fishery

Lord deputy's men slain at Finglas

Ivor of Limerick conspires against King Mahoun

Siege of Liscarroll and death of Lord Cork's son

Tallagh petition against extra taxation dismissed

Abbot of Trian Corcaighe falls in battle

Bishop O'Herlihy hiding on coast islands during persecution

Castle of the Lake (Killarney) taken from Mac Carthy More's sons

Catholic laity reduced to extreme poverty

Catholic merchants dominating Cork trade

Clancarre encamped at Killorglin warns Cork

Collegiate church founded at Youghal by Earl Thomas

Deep submerged bog at Clonakilty Bay

Dermot O'Brien devastates Cloyne and takes relics

Desmond concealed in woods near Tralee

Donnchadh and Clochna slain fighting Danes

Finglas report cites Kilkenny parliament as governing Ireland

Fitzmaurices seize temporalities of the see of Cork

Gerald Fitzgerald appointed Bishop of Cork and Cloyne

Geraldine residence at the island of Kerry

Grey proceeds to Dingle after Fort del Ore

Kinneigh round tower and sacred swearing stone

Limerick Danes attack Dalcassian territory

Mass burial pit at Shandon church-yard

Mint established in Cork under Edward I

Old Head of Kinsale fort held by Florence MacCarthy

O'Neil met at Cork by Desmond and plunders Barrymore

Prince Rupert lands and is blockaded at Kinsale

Siege of Wexford by Dermod and Norman allies

Silver gilt shrine given to Dominicans of Youghal, 1617

5,000 French troops land at Kinsale under Lauzun

Anglo-Norman settlers complain of extortion at Kilkenny

Ballincollig castle, ancient Barrett seat

Bandon and Kinsale declared for Cromwell

Bishop of Cloyne dies; abbot and prior slain by Danes

Browne fails to secure Dublin clergy for royal supremacy

Bruce wastes the Lord Justice's lands at Nenagh

Cannaway churchyard ruins and priest's altar

Charming Sally crew rescued and brought to Cork, 1738

Christ Church as Knights Templar castellated church