The history of the county and city of Cork (vol. 1)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. President journeys to view Castlepark at Kinsale

   Castlepark · street · Cork

   The president travelled to Kinsale to view Castlepark, which had been in the possession of the Spaniards, in order to avoid suspicion while plans were laid to arrest the Lord of Muskerry and seize Blarney Castle.

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   On these depositions it is privately resolved that the Lord of Muskerry be arrested, and that his strong castle of Blarney be seized. In order to avoid suspicion, the president takes a journey to Kinsale, to view Castle Park, which had been in the possession of the Spaniards, and gives instructions that Sir Charles Wilmot, Captain Eoger Harvey, a serjeant, and fourand-twenty foot, "should make a shew of going to hunt a buck " in the neighbourhood of Blarney ; and being hot and weary with the chase, call at the castle on their return, and ask for "wine and usquebagh, whereof Irish gentlemen are seldom disfurnished." The hunting party call. The dogs are baying, and the bugles sounding round the bawn, but whether it was that the dragoons did not manage their horses like huntsmen, or that they overdid the thing, the warders on the wall were suspicious, and refused to open the gates. Sir Charles Wilmot may ride round the moat, and admire the "maine rock"* on which the castle stands, and praise its exterior, as the fox did the shining feathers of the crow, and " much importune to see the romey within," but the warders shake their heads. Neither Sir Charles, nor one of his people,

   * Maine rock. — " His castle of Blarney is one of the largest and strongest castles in the province of Munster, for its fower piles, joyned in one, seated upon a maine rock, so that it is free from niyning ; the wall eighteene foot thick, arul well flanked at each corner to the test advantage." — Pac. fij'6., p. 598.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 185

   As the companion tells it

   This is Castlepark at Kinsale, where the president came on a journey to view the grounds. Castlepark had been in the possession of the Spaniards, and the visit was arranged to avoid suspicion. In private, it had been resolved on depositions that the Lord of Muskerry be arrested and that his strong castle of Blarney be seized. The president's journey to Kinsale was the cover. Instructions went to Sir Charles Wilmot, Captain Roger Harvey, a serjeant, and four-and-twenty foot, that they should make a show of going to hunt a buck in the neighbourhood of Blarney. Being hot and weary with the chase, they were to call at the castle on their return and ask for wine and usquebagh, whereof Irish gentlemen are seldom disfurnished. The hunting party called. The dogs were baying and the bugles sounding round the bawn. But whether the dragoons did not manage their horses like huntsmen, or whether they overdid the thing, the warders on the wall were suspicious and refused to open the gates. Sir Charles Wilmot might ride round the moat and admire the main rock on which the castle stands, and praise its exterior, as the fox did the shining feathers of the crow, and much importune to see the room within, but the warders shook their heads. Neither Sir Charles nor one of his people gained entry.

2. Spanish soldiers evacuated from Kinsale to Spain

   Kinsale · town · Cork · 1602

   On 20 February 1602, the wind changed and 1374 Spanish soldiers set sail from Kinsale to Spain. Don Juan de Aquila embarked at Kinsale on 8 March and sailed on 16 March, completing the Spanish withdrawal after the defeat at Kinsale.

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   The wind changes on the '20th of February, and 1374 soldiers set sail from Kinsale to Spain. Don Juan embarked at Kinsale on the 8th of March, an<l sailed on the 16th. The lord deputy, writing to the English council, says, "Don Juan and all the rest of the Spaniards departed from Kinsale, on Tuesday, the 16th, and that the wind since hath served so well, as we assure ourselves, by this, they are near the coast of Spain." The following letter announces his arrival, and his high opinion of Carew, notwithstanding the theft of the dispatches : —

   "A letter from DON JUAN DE AQUILA to the LOBD PRESIDENT.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 175

   As the companion tells it

   As you pass through Kinsale, this is where the last Spanish soldiers left Ireland after their defeat here. On 20 February 1602 the wind changed and 1374 soldiers set sail from Kinsale for Spain. Don Juan de Aquila embarked at Kinsale on 8 March and sailed on 16 March. The lord deputy wrote to the English council that Don Juan and all the rest of the Spaniards departed from Kinsale on Tuesday the 16th, and that the wind since had served so well that they assured themselves by then the Spaniards were near the coast of Spain. A letter followed announcing Don Juan's arrival, in which he expressed a high opinion of Carew, despite the theft of the dispatches.

3. William Barry founded priory at Buttevant

   Buttevant · town · Cork · 1231

   William Barry, whose war cry 'Boutez-en-avant' gave Buttevant its name, founded the priory of Ballibeg for St. Austin Canons. The revenues of the priory were enlarged by his son David in 1231.

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   William Barry, whose war cry, " Boutez-en-avant," gave name to Buttevaot, founded the priory of Ballibeg, for St. Austin Canons, the revenues of which were enlarged by his son David, in 1231.

   King John also made royal grants to Adam de Rape, or Roche, to Richard de Cogan, to Robert Fitz- Martin, and to Henry and Maurice Fitz-Philip, who were brothers,

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 15

   As the companion tells it

   The town of Buttevant takes its name from a war cry. William Barry shouted "Boutez-en-avant" and the place kept his words. He founded the priory of Ballibeg for St. Austin Canons. His son David enlarged the priory's revenues in 1231.

4. Dromana: Fitzgerald seat on the Blackwater

   Dromana · townland · Waterford

   Dromana, on the northern bank of the Blackwater in the Decies country, was the residence of Sir John Fitzgerald, father of the old Countess of Desmond. At the time of writing, Lord Stuart de Decies's residence occupied the site and incorporated the old castle; the demesne and river scenery were described as exceptionally beautiful.

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   • Dromona, the residence of Sir John Fitzgerald, the father of the old Countess of Desmond. It is in the Decies country, on the northern hank of the Elackwater. The present residence of Lord Stuart de Decies is on the site, and incorporated with the old castle. Nothing can be more beautiful than the demesne and the land up and down the river.

   193

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 92

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere around here is Dromana, on the Blackwater in the Decies country. It was the residence of Sir John Fitzgerald, father of the old Countess of Desmond. Lord Stuart de Decies's house now stands on the site, built into the old castle. The demesne and the river scenery are said to be exceptionally beautiful.

5. MacCarthy destroys castle of Kilfeakle

   Kilfeacle · townland · Laois

   MacCarthy destroyed the castle of Kilfeakle, slew many of the English, and took two of their chiefs prisoner. This was part of his campaign against the English presence in the region.

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   Diarmaid Mac Carthy was succeeded by his son Donnell, who slew his own brother, Cathal Odhor. He then turned his sword against Donnell More O'Brien, who had aided the English in the erection of castles, "for the purpose of distressing the Mac Carthy." This Donnell O'Brien is styled in the Dublin copy of the Annals of Innisfallen, " a beaming lamp in peace and war, and a brilliant star of the hospitality and valor of the Momonians." He was succeeded by Murtough, who commenced his reign by uniting his forces with those of 0' Conor of Connaught, in aiding Mac Carthy to drive the English out of Cork, without permitting them to fire the city, which they attempted, Mac Carthy at this time destroyed the castle of Kilfeakle, and slew many of the English, taking two of their chiefs prisoners. He also plundered the territory

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 12

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere close to Kilfeacle, MacCarthy destroyed a castle in a campaign against the English in the region. The story reaches back through a chain of rulers. Diarmaid MacCarthy was succeeded by his son Donnell, who slew his own brother Cathal Odhor. Donnell then turned his sword against Donnell More O'Brien, who had aided the English in building castles, as the source says, for the purpose of distressing the MacCarthy. That O'Brien is called in the Dublin copy of the Annals of Innisfallen a beaming lamp in peace and war, and a brilliant star of the hospitality and valour of the Momonians. He was succeeded by Murtough, who began his reign by joining forces with O'Conor of Connaught to aid MacCarthy in driving the English out of Cork. The English had attempted to fire the city. MacCarthy at this time destroyed the castle of Kilfeakle, slew many of the English, and took two of their chiefs prisoners. He also plundered the territory.

6. Desmond's body hung in chains at Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1583

   After the Earl of Desmond was slain at Glanageenty in November 1583, the Earl of Ormond sent for the head and appointed the body to be hung up in chains at Cork, while the pickled head was forwarded to Queen Elizabeth.

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   1 1th of this month at night, assaulted the Earl in his cabin, in a place called Glanageenty, near the river of the Mang, and slew him, whose, head I have sent for, and appointed his body to be hung up in chains at Cork.

   "Tnos. OBMOND ET Oss."

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 120

   As the companion tells it

   In Cork, 1583, the Earl of Desmond was slain at Glanageenty in November. The Earl of Ormond sent for the head. The body was hung in chains, and the pickled head was forwarded to Queen Elizabeth.

7. Earl of Desmond seeks Dungarvan and Youghal prize wines

   Dungarvan · town · Waterford · 1558–1561

   Gerald, newly admitted to the Earldom of Desmond, sought the manor of Dungarvan and the prize wines of Youghal, and disputed with his step-son the young Earl of Ormond over property rights in County Waterford. This contention between the two earls caused the Lord Lieutenant to inform the Privy Council that speedy order should be taken for their reformation.

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   Gerald, the second son of James, has taken the oath of allegiance, and has been admitted to the Earldom of Desmond.* He gets a confirmation of the Eegalities of Kerry, to procure which his father offered to entertain the judges ; but this does not satisfy him ; he seeks the manor of Dungarvan, and the prize wines of Youghal, and disputes with his step-son, j* the young Earl of Ormond, the right to some property in the county Waterford. The Lord Lieutenant informs the Privy Council of " a contention between the Earls of Desmond and Ormond," and adds, that some speedy order should be taken for their reformation. This contention did not cease till this step-son, known afterwards as the Black Earl of Ormond, sent the gory head of the Earl of Desmond, "pickled in a pipkin," to the queen. But the two men are well matched ; Munster was not wide enough to contain them both. Desmond appears to have been the first assailant.

   * Admitted to the earldom.— The document is dated 5th and 6th of Philip and Mary, for the news of Elizabeth's accession had not reached Ireland. It was to Wary, and not to Elizabeth, that this great Catholic and rebel lord swore allegiance.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 88

   As the companion tells it

   Dungarvan is the town you pass through or near on this road. Around 1558, Gerald, second son of James, took the oath of allegiance and was admitted to the Earldom of Desmond. He received a confirmation of the Eegalities of Kerry, to procure which his father had offered to entertain the judges. But this did not satisfy him. He sought the manor of Dungarvan, and the prize wines of Youghal, and he disputed with his step-son, the young Earl of Ormond, over the right to property in County Waterford. The Lord Lieutenant informed the Privy Council of a contention between the Earls of Desmond and Ormond, and added that speedy order should be taken for their reformation. The contention did not cease until this step-son, known afterwards as the Black Earl of Ormond, sent the gory head of the Earl of Desmond, pickled in a pipkin, to the queen. Munster was not wide enough to contain them both. Desmond was the first assailant.

8. Great plague strikes the city of Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1547

   A great plague afflicted the city of Cork in 1547, the same year that Kinsale reported its population devastated by pestilence, reflecting widespread disease across the region.

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   WE have a new king and a new Lord Deputy. St. Leger has been superseded by Sir Edward Bellingham. The principal magistrates of the principal towns, send letters and addresses. The mayor, bailiffs, and council of Cork write to say, they have sent John Coppinger to the king to procure the confirmation of their grants and liberties; the mayor, bailiffs, and council of Youghal, that they have captured a pirate, named Smith, who had plundered their fishing boats, and wish to know what they are to do with him ; the Sovereign and council of Kinsale, that all their men have died of pestilence — there was a great plague in the city of Cork this year — that they have a wide and empty town, few men, and naughty neighbours, that their haven is stopped by " eagle's pirates," and that one Richard Colle, or Colley, a pirate with a pinnace, has married Barry Oge's aunt, and lives in his castle, and will not suffer any one to come to the town. They request the Deputy to send letters to Mac Carthy Reagh, Barry Roe,* Barry Oge, and Lord de Courcy commanding them to take the king's coin.

   * The Lor* Barry.— The Editor of the Calendar of Irish State Papers for 1509-1573 erroneously styles this Irish nobleman Lord Barrymore. David Lord Barry, Viscount of Buttevant, was created Earl of Barrymore, February 28, 1627. The title Baron Barry was conferred in 1420, and Viscount Buttevant in 1555.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 80

   As the companion tells it

   Cork, the city the road takes you through, was struck by a great plague in 1547. That same year a new king sat on the throne and Sir Edward Bellingham replaced St. Leger as Lord Deputy. The principal towns sent letters and addresses to the new government. The mayor, bailiffs, and council of Cork wrote to say they had sent John Coppinger to the king to procure the confirmation of their grants and liberties. Youghal reported they had captured a pirate named Smith, who had plundered their fishing boats, and asked what they should do with him. Kinsale's Sovereign and council wrote that all their men had died of pestilence. They had a wide and empty town, few men, and naughty neighbours. Their haven was stopped by what they called eagle's pirates. One Richard Colle, or Colley, a pirate with a pinnace, had married Barry Oge's aunt and lived in his castle, and would not suffer anyone to come to the town. They requested the Deputy to send letters to Mac Carthy Reagh, Barry Roe, Barry Oge, and Lord de Courcy, commanding them to take the king's coin.

9. John Power withholds Carrigyus and Keylme lands

   Doneraile · townland · Cork

   John Power of Doneraile withheld a ploughland and a half of Carrigyus and Keylme Enyth, containing about 300 acres, from Sylvanus Spencer, with no abatement of rent granted for those lands.

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   The Inquisition goes on to say, that " The said Jurors doe finde that the two ploughlandes, called Ballyellish Ardgilbert and Ardadame, containing VI. c. [600] acres of land, or thereabouts, part of the seignory of Kilcolemane, were evicted by Nicholas Shy name from the said Edmond Spencer, before Sr Thomas Norreis, Knight ; Sr Robert Gardener, Knight, and other Commissioners for the Proyifice of Munster. And that upon the said order an abatement of the rente hath been given to Sylvanus Spencer, viz. : — £VI Vis. VHId. The said Jurors doe also finde that John Power, of Doneraile, doth withholde the ploughlande and half of Carrigyus and Keylme Enyth, containing ccc. acres of lande, or thereabouts, from the said Sylvanus Spencer, by what title we know not ; and we also finde that the said Sylvanus Spencer hath noe abatement of rent for the said ccc. acres of lande."

   Sylvanus Spenser married the eldest daughter of David Nagle,* of Monanimy, in the barony of Fermoy, and county of Cork, by his wife Ellen Eoche, daughter of William Koche, of Ballyhowly. Sylvanus died in 1638.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 140

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere around here, an inquisition found that John Power of Doneraile withheld a ploughland and a half of Carrigyus and Keylme Enyth, about 300 acres, from Sylvanus Spencer. The jurors said they did not know by what title Power held the land. They also found that Sylvanus Spencer had no abatement of rent for those 300 acres. This came as part of a wider inquiry. The jurors had already found that Nicholas Shyname evicted two other ploughlands, called Ballyellish Ardgilbert and Ardadame, about 600 acres, from Edmond Spencer, before Sir Thomas Norreis and Sir Robert Gardener, commissioners for the province of Munster. For those evicted lands, an abatement of rent was granted to Sylvanus Spencer of £6, 6 shillings and 8 pence. But for the lands John Power held, no such abatement was given. Sylvanus Spencer married the eldest daughter of David Nagle of Monanimy, in the barony of Fermoy, county Cork. Her mother was Ellen Roche, daughter of William Roche of Ballyhowly. Sylvanus died in 1638.

10. Pelham elected Lord Justice at Christ Church, Dublin

    Dublin · city · Dublin · 1579

    Sir William Pelham was elected by the Irish council as Lord Justice on 11 October 1579 in Christ Church, Dublin. The Earl of Ormond returned to Ireland the same week and was elected governor of Munster.

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    He was succeeded by Sir William Pelham, who was elected by the Irish council* on the llth of October, 1579, in Christ Church, Dublin. Pelham is described by the Four Masters as " a gentleman of the queen's people, who had come from England that very week." The Earl of Ormond returned to Ireland the same week, after a sojourn in England of three years. Ware informs us that Ormond was, at this time, elected governor of Munster, and Sir Warham St. Leger provost-marshal, Ormond was unleashed when Desmond broke cover, and he held on his track, and was in at the death.

    Captain Malby, who was left in command by Drury, followed the Geraldines to Askeaton, and overtook them at Monaster-Neva,f about five miles to the northwest of Bruff. We learn from the Four Masters that the Irish forces were routed, with the loss of Thomas, son of John Oge, and that " great spoils, consisting of weapons and military attire," were left on the field. Leland, who had the English and Irish accounts of the battle before him, gives us the following, which appears the most circumstantial: —

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 112

    As the companion tells it

    Dublin, in 1579, was where the Irish council gathered at Christ Church on the 11th of October and elected Sir William Pelham as Lord Justice. The Four Masters called Pelham "a gentleman of the queen's people, who had come from England that very week." The same week, the Earl of Ormond returned to Ireland after three years in England. Ware tells us Ormond was elected governor of Munster, and Sir Warham St. Leger provost-marshal. Ormond was unleashed when Desmond broke cover, and he held on his track, and was in at the death. Captain Malby, left in command by Drury, followed the Geraldines to Askeaton and overtook them at Monaster-Neva, about five miles northwest of Bruff. The Four Masters record that the Irish forces were routed, with the loss of Thomas, son of John Oge, and that "great spoils, consisting of weapons and military attire" were left on the field. Leland had both English and Irish accounts of the battle before him.

11. Sir William Drury stationed in Cork during invasion

    Cork · city · Cork · 1579

    Sir William Drury was in Cork at the time of Fitzmaurice's landing and should have gone in person to oppose the foreigners. Instead he sent Henry Davells and Arthur Carter with commands to the Earl of Desmond to besiege and raze the fort at Smerwick.

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    The first operation of the invaders was to raise a fort on the peninsula, where they lauded ; which was duly consecrated. Sir William Drury, who was at this time in " Great Cork of Muuster," and who should have gone in person to oppose the foreigners, sent Henry Davells, the constable of Dungarvan, and Arthur Carter, the provost-marshal of Minister, with commands to the Earl of Desmond to besiege and

    • Tres zdlepow In cause catholique. — " Ce saint homme epuise par la fatigue et par la chagrin de voir triompher 1'impiete, mourut d'une flux de sang, dans uu bois, ou il manquoit de tout secours, exeepte le spirituel, qui ltd fut admiuistre par (.'orneille, Eveque de Killalow, qui ne le quitta, qu'a la inort." — Mugceghegan Hist, Irelanap, torn, iii., p. 448.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 110

    As the companion tells it

    In 1579, Cork stood as a base for Sir William Drury during a dangerous moment. Fitzmaurice had landed, and the invaders raised a fort on the peninsula where they came ashore, and consecrated it. Drury was here in Cork when he should have gone himself to face the foreigners. He did not. He sent Henry Davells, the constable of Dungarvan, and Arthur Carter, the provost-marshal of Munster, carrying commands to the Earl of Desmond. The order was to besiege and raze the fort at Smerwick. So the response to the landing passed through other hands, while the man who held authority stayed behind in the city.

12. Youghal mayor and council seek royal military aid

    Youghal · town · Cork

    The mayor and council of Youghal wrote to the king declaring themselves loyal subjects and recounting their efforts in defending the town against enemies. They requested ordinance and power from the crown, stating they had enough men to hold the walls but lacked artillery and supplies.

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    " He also delivered me a letter sent unto your highness from the mayor and counsil of your town of Youghal, in your said land ; the effects of which consisteth, that they declare themselves to be your true subjects, and the great pains they have taken in defence of your said town against your enemies, making humble requests that your grace would send to them some ordinance and power ; for they think themselves sufficiently furnished with men to keep the walls of your said town."

    'William Cowley, writing to R. Cowley shortly after, says, " Last week, Sir John of Desmond came to

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 63

    As the companion tells it

    The road takes you near Youghal, in Cork. In difficult times the mayor and council of this town wrote to the king. They declared themselves his true subjects and spoke of the great pains they had taken in defence of the town against his enemies. Their humble request was that he would send them some ordinance and power. They believed they had men enough to keep the walls. Shortly after, William Cowley wrote to R. Cowley that Sir John of Desmond had come.

13. Adam de Roche granted cantred of Rosscarbery

    Ross Carbery · town · Cork

    King John granted the cantred of Ross-ailither, meaning 'Wood of the Pilgrims' and now Rosscarbery, to Adam de Rupe (Roche) by the service of five knights. The district, described in the life of Saint Fachtna as being in the southern part of Ireland near the sea, was originally held by the O'Learys, O'Heas, O'Flynns, and O'Deasys.

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    " To Adam de Rupe, (or Roch,) the cantred of Rosseli£rir, with its appurtenances, save the demenses of the bishop of that see, by the service of five knights." Ros-ailither, the *' Wood of the Pilgrims," now Rosscarbery, is described in the life of Saint Fachtna, the patron of the district,* as in australi Hibcrnice parte, juxta mare, "in the southern part of Ireland, near the sea."

    The O'Learys, the O'Heas, the O'Flynns, and the O'Deasys, were the original proprietors of the district. These names prevail in this part of the country to the present day. The Right Honorable Kickard Deasy, of Clonakilty, our present respected Attorney-general, is a descendent of the Deasys of Rosscarbery and Ibaune. We could also point to numerous instances in which the old Gorman and Celtic blood have been united.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 15

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up along Ross Carbery now. King John granted this cantred to Adam de Roche by the service of five knights. The old Irish name, Ros-ailither, means Wood of the Pilgrims, and the life of Saint Fachtna describes it as in the southern part of Ireland, near the sea. Before the grant, the O'Learys, the O'Heas, the O'Flynns, and the O'Deasys held this district. Those names still prevail here today.

14. Blarney Castle described as largest and strongest in Munster

    near Blarney · townland · Cork

    Blarney Castle is described as one of the largest and strongest castles in Munster, with four piles joined in one, seated upon a main rock so that it is free from mining. Its walls were eighteen feet thick and well flanked at each corner.

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    * Maine rock. — " His castle of Blarney is one of the largest and strongest castles in the province of Munster, for its fower piles, joyned in one, seated upon a maine rock, so that it is free from niyning ; the wall eighteene foot thick, arul well flanked at each corner to the test advantage." — Pac. fij'6., p. 598.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 185

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here is Blarney Castle, described as one of the largest and strongest castles in Munster. Four piles are joined in one, seated upon a main rock, so that it is free from mining. The walls are eighteen feet thick and well flanked at each corner to the best advantage.

15. Carrigaline castle built by the De Cogans

    Carrigaline · town · Cork

    The De Cogans built the castle of Carrigaline in the cantred of Muscrie O'Mullane. Its picturesque ruins remain to the present day, contradicting earlier writers such as Smith who claimed the castle was entirely demolished.

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    The De Cogans built the castle of Carrigaline in this district, the picturesque ruinsf of which remain to the present day. Part of the lands in this neighbourhood, as Ballybricken, Fort Prospect, Einnaskiddy, Corabinny, and Coolmore (which form a peninsula), were called in old manuscripts the Long-a-Gowgon, " the ship of Cogan." In the parish of Barnahealy are the ruins of an old castle of the De Cogans, incorporated with a modern structure called Warren's Court. Above a door- way of cut stone we have an effigy of a knight, perhaps Richard or Milo himself ; and near by is the grave-yard of Barnahealy, where tradition has buried the elder knight ; but this, we think, is a mistake, for Milo de Cogan fell at Lismore. There was a

    * Knights' fees varied in value and extent of land. They sometimes consisted of 800, and sometimes of 680 acres ; estimated at £15, sometimes at £20, and in later times at £40 a year.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 15

    As the companion tells it

    Carrigaline is a town in Cork where the De Cogans built their castle. The ruins still stand, picturesque enough to contradict earlier writers like Smith, who claimed the castle had been entirely demolished. Part of the lands around here, Ballybricken, Fort Prospect, Innishiddy, Corabinary, and Coolmore, form a peninsula that old manuscripts called the Long-a-Gowgon, the ship of Cogan. In the parish of Barnahealy there are ruins of another De Cogan castle, built into a modern structure called Warren's Court. Above a cut-stone doorway sits an effigy of a knight, perhaps Richard or Milo himself. Nearby is the graveyard of Barnahealy, where tradition buried the elder knight. The author thinks this is a mistake, for Milo de Cogan fell at Lismore.

16. Cistercian Abbey at Fermoy founded 1270

    Fermoy · townland · Cork · 1270–1599

    A Cistercian abbey was founded at Fermoy in 1270 by Sir Richard de Rupella (or de Ruche, now Roche), who had served as Lord Chief Justice of Ireland in 1261. Essex's army crossed the ford near this monastery on his march southwards.

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    f Monastery at Fermoy. — An Abbey of Cistercian Monks was founded bere in 1270 by Sir Richard de Rupella or de Rupe (now Roche) who was Lord Chief Justice "of Ireland in 126L.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 143

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, a Cistercian abbey was founded in 1270 by Sir Richard de Rupella, also called de Rupe, now Roche. He had served as Lord Chief Justice of Ireland in 1261.

17. Don Juan de Aquila offers to surrender Kinsale

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1601

    After the defeat at Kinsale, Don Juan de Aquila sent a message to the Lord Deputy requesting to parley, proposing to deliver up Kinsale and all other places held by the Spanish, including castles put into his hands by Irish chieftains, in exchange for honourable departure with transports for his army.

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    The overture was, to deliver up Kinsale, and all other places — the very castles which the Irish chieftains had put into his hands — on condition of his being allowed to depart on honorable terms, with

    26

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 168

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Kinsale, in County Cork. In 1601, after the defeat here, Don Juan de Aquila offered to surrender Kinsale and all other places the Spanish held, on condition his army could depart honourably. The Lord Deputy demanded he leave behind treasure and artillery, and Don Juan refused.

18. Don Juan's final departure from Kinsale confirmed

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1602

    Lord Deputy Mountjoy reported to the English council that Don Juan and all remaining Spaniards departed from Kinsale on Tuesday 16 March 1602, with favourable winds suggesting they were near the coast of Spain.

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    The wind changes on the '20th of February, and 1374 soldiers set sail from Kinsale to Spain. Don Juan embarked at Kinsale on the 8th of March, an<l sailed on the 16th. The lord deputy, writing to the English council, says, "Don Juan and all the rest of the Spaniards departed from Kinsale, on Tuesday, the 16th, and that the wind since hath served so well, as we assure ourselves, by this, they are near the coast of Spain." The following letter announces his arrival, and his high opinion of Carew, notwithstanding the theft of the dispatches : —

    "A letter from DON JUAN DE AQUILA to the LOBD PRESIDENT.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 175

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Kinsale, this is where the last of the Spanish presence in Ireland came to an end in 1602. On the 20th of February, 1374 soldiers sailed from here for Spain. Don Juan embarked on the 8th of March and sailed on the 16th. The lord deputy, writing to the English council, said, "Don Juan and all the rest of the Spaniards departed from Kinsale, on Tuesday, the 16th, and that the wind since hath served so well, as we assure ourselves, by this, they are near the coast of Spain."

19. James, son of poet Earl of Desmond, sent to Thomond for education

    Thomond · street · Dublin · 1388

    Garrett, the poet Earl of Desmond, sent his son James to Thomond to receive a thoroughly Irish education, for which he required the king's permission. This was granted on a Patent Roll dated 8th December 1388, as a reward for his loyalty despite being a genuine Irishman.

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    In order that the poet's son, James, should receive a thoroughly Irish training, he sent him to Thomond to be educated. For this he required the king's permission. This permission was graciously granted him, as a reward of his loyalty, though so genuine an Irishman ; for the two things are not really incompatible. On a Patent Eoll of the 8th of December, 1388, and 12th Richard II., we find a license from the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 27

    As the companion tells it

    This is Thomond, where the poet Earl of Desmond sent his son James to receive a thoroughly Irish education. For this he required the king's permission. That permission was granted as a reward for his loyalty, though he was so genuine an Irishman, for the two things are not really incompatible. The license appears on a Patent Roll dated the 8th of December 1388, 12th Richard II.

20. Kilcrea Castle described and surrendered to Captain Slingsby

    Kilcrea · townland · Cork · 1602

    Kilcrea Castle, described as a square tower seventy feet high enclosed by a narrow water-filled moat, was deemed of good importance to command the country. It was rendered to Captain Slingsby, sent by the president to take possession.

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    * The Castle of Kilcrea.— Mr. Windele calls it "a pile of considerable extent. though inferior in importance and size to that of Blarney. Its site is enclosed by a narrow moat, still filled with water. The castle itself is a square tower, seventy feet high."

    409

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 186

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here stands Kilcrea Castle. Mr. Windele called it "a pile of considerable extent," though lesser than Blarney in size and importance. It is a square tower, seventy feet high, its site enclosed by a narrow moat still filled with water.

21. Lord Sleynie of Baltimore's former revenue and estate

    Baltimore · town · Cork

    An address from County Cork inhabitants listed Lord Sleynie of Baltimore among the English lords whose revenues had been lost. His yearly revenue was £800 sterling, besides havens and creeks, before the Irish regained the country.

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    " First, the Lord Marquis Caro ; his yearly revenue was, besides, Dorzeyhaven, and other creeks, £2,200 sterling ; the lord Barnewale of Beerhaven ; his yearly revenue was, besides Bearehaven and other creeks, £1,600 sterling: the lord Vggan of the great castle ; his yearly revenue was, besides havens and creeks, £1.300 sterling ; the lord Balram of Emforte ; his yearly revenues, besides havens and creeks, £1,300 sterling: the lord Courcy of Kilbrittain ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £1,500 sterling : the lord Mandeville of Barrenstelly ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £1,500 sterling : the lord Arundell of the Strand ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £ 1 ,500 sterling : the lord Baron of the Guard ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £1,100 sterling : the lord Sleynie of Baltimore ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £800 sterling : the lord Roche of Poole castle ; his yearly revenue, besides havens and creeks, £1,000 sterling. The king's majesty hath the lands of the late young Barry, by forfeiture, the yearly revenue whereof, besides two rivers and creeks, and all other casualties, is £1,800 sterling."

    The address goes on to say, that the power of these English lords was at one time equal to their property ; that they had succeeded in hunting down the Irish, and driving them, like a pack of hungry wolves, into

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 28

    As the companion tells it

    You're coming up on Baltimore, down in Cork. This was Lord Sleynie's country, and what he lost here was measured in hard figures. An address from the inhabitants of County Cork set down the revenues the English lords had once drawn from this coast, before the Irish took it back. Lord Sleynie of Baltimore was named among them. His yearly revenue was £800 sterling, besides havens and creeks. He stood alongside others in the same list: the Lord Marquis Caro, whose revenue besides Dorzeyhaven and other creeks was £2,200 sterling; Lord Barnewale of Beerhaven, £1,600; Lord Vggan of the great castle, £1,300; Lord Balram of Emforte, £1,300; Lord Courcy of Kilbrittain, £1,500; Lord Mandeville of Barrenstelly, £1,500; Lord Arundell of the Strand, £1,500; the Lord Baron of the Guard, £1,100; and Lord Roche of Poole castle, £1,000. The king's majesty held the lands of the late young Barry by forfeiture, worth £1,800 sterling besides two rivers and creeks. The address said the power of these lords was once equal to their property. They had hunted down the Irish and driven them, in the words of the source, "like a pack of hungry wolves," into —

22. Thomas FitzThomas at Connough Castle and burial at Youghal

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1593

    Thomas FitzThomas, who avoided involvement in his brother's or son's rebellion, lived peaceably in his castle of Connough and died there in 1593. He was interred among his ancestors in the Franciscan abbey at Youghal, having been granted the barony of Kinnatalloon and the manor of Castlemore near Cork by his father.

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    * Connough. — Here he died, anno 1593, and was interred among his ancestors, in the Franciscan abbey at Youghal. It appears by a paper in the Bodleian Library, that his father, the fifteenth earl, made him a grant of the barony of Kinnatalloon, and the manor of Castlemore, near Cork. lie left three sons, James, John, and Gerald, and one daughter, who married Donald Mac Carthy Keagh.

    276 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 125

    As the companion tells it

    Youghal holds the grave of Thomas FitzThomas. He lived peaceably in his castle of Connough, avoiding his brother's or son's rebellion, and died there in 1593. He was buried among his ancestors in the Franciscan abbey at Youghal. His father, the fifteenth earl, granted him the barony of Kinnatalloon and the manor of Castlemore near Cork. He left three sons, James, John, and Gerald, and a daughter who married Donald MacCarthy Keagh.

23. Trial of Thomas de Carew's title claim in Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1327–1377

    Thomas de Carew claimed the estate of Robert Fitzstephen during the reign of Edward III, and his claim was tried in Cork before Sir Anthony Lucy, Lord Justice of Ireland. The decision found Fitzstephen had been a bastard who died without issue, and that he had enfeoffed Maurice Fitzthomas of the castle and manor of Dunemarke.

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    This assumption of Irish titles was by no means a rare occurrence. We find Thomas de Carew, in the reign of Edward III., setting up a title, as heir to Fitzstephen. Carew' s right was tried in Cork, before Sir Anthony Lucy, Lord Justice of Ireland. The decision was as follows : —

    " That Robert Fitzstephen died seized of the moiety of the estate granted "by King Henry II. to him and Cogan ; and that the said Fitzstephen was a bastard,* and died without issue of his body ; that the claim of Thomas de Carew, asserting that he and his ancestors were heirs to Fitzstephen, could not be true, because the said Fitzstephen was a bastard, and died without heir of his body ; and further, that the said Fitzstephen, in his life time, enfeoffed Maurice Fitzthomas, before he was created Earl of Desmond, of the castle and manor of Dunemarke, and the moiety of the estate granted him by King Henry II."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 20

    As the companion tells it

    In the 1300s, Cork was the setting for a dispute over land and lineage. Thomas de Carew, in the reign of Edward III, claimed he was heir to Robert Fitzstephen. His right was tried in the city, before Sir Anthony Lucy, Lord Justice of Ireland. The court's decision found that Robert Fitzstephen had died seized of the moiety of the estate granted by King Henry II to him and Cogan. It found that Fitzstephen was a bastard, and died without issue of his body. The claim of Thomas de Carew, that he and his ancestors were heirs to Fitzstephen, could not be true, because Fitzstephen was a bastard and died without heir of his body. The court further found that Fitzstephen, in his lifetime, had enfeoffed Maurice Fitzthomas, before he was created Earl of Desmond, of the castle and manor of Dunemarke, and the moiety of the estate granted him by King Henry II.

24. Conor O'Brien captured in Coill Mhor near Charleville

    Charleville · town · Cork · 1596

    In 1596, Conor O'Brien was taken preying in Coill Mhor, or the Great Wood, near Charleville. He was subsequently brought to Cork where Sir Thomas Norris, Lord President of Munster, had him hanged.

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    Soon after this, Sir Thomas Norris returned to Cork to his duties of Lord President, where he hung Conor

    * Lord Justice, Sir William "Russell, arrived in Dublin the 31st of January, 1594. He was the youngest son of Francis, Earl of Bedford.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 131

    As the companion tells it

    In 1596, Conor O'Brien was taken while preying in Coill Mhor, the Great Wood, near the town of Charleville. He was brought to Cork, where Sir Thomas Norris, Lord President of Munster, had him hanged.

25. Earl of Desmond arrested at Kilmallock

    Kilmallock · town · Limerick · 1567

    The Earl of Desmond was arrested at Kilmallock by the Lord Justice in 1567. He was then conveyed through Limerick, Galway, and Athlone before finally being imprisoned in Dublin.

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    * Arrested.—" The Earl of Desmond was taken prisoner at Cill Mocheallog [Kilmallock] by the Lord Justice, who conveyed him to Limerick, from thence to Galway, to Athlone, and finally to Dublin."— Four Masters, A.L. 1567.

    200 HISTORY OF COBK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 95

    As the companion tells it

    Kilmallock is where the Earl of Desmond was taken prisoner. It happened in 1567. The Lord Justice arrested him here and carried him through Limerick, then Galway, then Athlone, and finally to Dublin, where he was held.

26. James of Desmond seeks lease of Adare lands

    Adare · townland · Limerick · 1537

    James Fitz-John, the Pretended Earl of Desmond, requested a lease of Groom and Adare and lands in the county of Limerick belonging to the Earl of Kildare, promising to pay the rents if granted. This was part of his articles of submission to the king in 1537.

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    James promises, in the first place, to be a most obedient subject, to assist in maintaining the authority of the king's judges and other law officers ; to levy all taxes and benevolences granted to the king's highness ; not to ally himself with or support the king's enemies ; to defend and maintain the king's cities of Cork, Limerick, Youghal, Kinsale, and Kilmallock, and to protect all merchantmen. If he should get a lease of Groom and Adare, and lands in the county of Limerick, belonging to the Earl of Kildare, he will pay the rents. Finally, although he repudiates the claims of that bastard, James Fitzmaurice, who is a traditor of high treason against the king's majesty, he is content to leave the decision of his right of title to the king.

    Crumwell acknowledges receipt of the earl's articles, and directs St. Leger to proceed with him; and "as he alegyth bothe bastardy and trayson against Jamys Fitz-Morys, it is the king's pleasure that he shall article the points of said treason, and write the evidence of the basdardy, declaring himself frankly."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 66

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Adare, in 1537, James Fitz-John, called the Pretended Earl of Desmond, submitted a set of articles to the king. He promised to be a most obedient subject, to assist in maintaining the authority of the king's judges and other law officers, and to levy all taxes and benevolences granted to the king's highness. He promised not to ally himself with or support the king's enemies. He would defend and maintain the king's cities of Cork, Limerick, Youghal, Kinsale, and Kilmallock, and protect all merchantmen. If he should get a lease of Groom and Adare, and lands in the county of Limerick, belonging to the Earl of Kildare, he will pay the rents. He repudiated the claims of James Fitzmaurice, whom he called a traitor of high treason against the king's majesty, but he was content to leave the decision of his right of title to the king. Crumwell acknowledged receipt of the earl's articles and directed St. Leger to proceed with him. As James alegyth bothe bastardy and trayson against Jamys Fitz-Morys, it was the king's pleasure that he should article the points of said treason and write the evidence of the bastardy, declaring himself frankly.

27. Kilcolman Castle and Spencer seignory lands

    Kilcolman · townland · Cork · 1638

    An inquisition records that Sylvanus Spencer was seized of the Castle of Kilcolman with 300 acres of demesne land forming the seignory. Other portions were leased to various tenants including Edward Henton, David Lowes, John Roche and others with holdings ranging from 100 to 400 acres.

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    said Sylvanus Spencer is seized in his demeasne as of fee of the Castell of Kilcoltnane, with ccc. acres of land p. cell of the said seignory, being the demeasne lands of the same."

    The " Search," or " Inquisition," goes on to say that other portions of the property were " set and leased to Edward Henton, who had 400 acres ; David Lowes, who had a house and 100 acres ; Geffrey Hoorde, who had 100 acres ; John Liech, who had a house and 100 acres; John Ridgwaie, who had 400 acres; John Roche, who had a house and 100 acres."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 140

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here stood Kilcolman Castle. An inquisition of 1638 records that Sylvanus Spencer was seized of the castle, with 300 acres of demesne land forming the seignory. Other portions of the property were leased to tenants. Edward Henton held 400 acres. David Lowes had a house and 100 acres. Geffrey Hoorde had 100 acres. John Liech had a house and 100 acres. John Ridgwaie held 400 acres. John Roche had a house and 100 acres.

28. Ships with arms and munition sent to Waterford

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1551

    Alongside orders to survey the south-western coast for fortification in 1551, the Lord Deputy was advised that ships bearing arms and munition had already been dispatched to Waterford.

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    The Lord Deputy was instructed, in the early part of 1551, to visit Cork, Kinsale, Baltimore, and Beare, and to report what points of the south-western coast required to be fortified; he was also advised that ships had been sent to Waterford with arms and munition. He remonstrated, and expressed his inability of fortifying either Cork or Kinsale without money from the mint. He informs the Privy Council that he has the sons of the Earls of Desmond and Thomond ready to send into England. He acknowledges the arrival of a thousand soldiers and a hundred and twenty pioDeers, but has no money to pay them.

    St. Leger retired from the Deputyship in the May of 1551, and Sir James Croft was appointed in his stead. Mr. St. Leger, the son, gets the office of Andrew Brereton, who has, as he states, " honestly served." The Earls of Desmond, Thomond, Clanricard and the Earl of Tyrone, with the Countess, his wife, repair to Dublin to welcome the new Lord Deputy. These Irish rebel lords are being converted into courtiers. Andrew Brereton, who has lost office, calls Tyrone a traitor, and says he wrote to the King of France, promising to join him against King Edward. Mac Carthy More submits; an oath of fealty is preparing for his people.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 83

    As the companion tells it

    In the early part of 1551, the Lord Deputy was instructed to visit Cork, Kinsale, Baltimore, and Beare, and to report what points of the south-western coast required to be fortified. He was also advised that ships had been sent to Waterford with arms and munition. He remonstrated, and expressed his inability of fortifying either Cork or Kinsale without money from the mint. He informed the Privy Council that he had the sons of the Earls of Desmond and Thomond ready to send into England. He acknowledged the arrival of a thousand soldiers and a hundred and twenty pioneers, but had no money to pay them. St. Leger retired from the Deputyship in May of 1551, and Sir James Croft was appointed in his stead. His son, Mr. St. Leger, took the office of Andrew Brereton, who had, as he stated, "honestly served." The Earls of Desmond, Thomond, Clanricard, and the Earl of Tyrone, with the Countess his wife, came to Dublin to welcome the new Lord Deputy. These Irish rebel lords were being converted into courtiers. Andrew Brereton, who had lost his office, called Tyrone a traitor, and said Tyrone had written to the King of France, promising to join him against King Edward. MacCarthy More submitted, and an oath of fealty was being prepared for his people.

29. Sir George Carew departs Cork, February 1603

    Cork · city · Cork · 1603

    Sir George Carew, Lord President of Munster, left Cork in February 1603 after appointing joint commissioners for the province's government. He arrived in Chester to hear the first report of Queen Elizabeth's death.

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    And never sea - sick mariner, in a tempestuous storm, more desired his wished-for harbour, nor virgin bride, her nuptial morn, than Sir George to see the queen, and "kiss the shadowes of her royal feet." He knows not that these royal feet are on the very borders of the Land of the shadow of Death. But he delays in order to appoint Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir George Thornton joint Commissioners for the government of the province. He left Cork in February, 1603, remained about three weeks in Dublin, and on the 20th of March sailed for Beaumaris. He

    424 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 192

    As the companion tells it

    In February 1603, Sir George Carew left Cork. He longed to see Queen Elizabeth, to "kiss the shadowes of her royal feet." What he did not know was that the queen was near death. He delayed to appoint Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir George Thornton as joint commissioners for the government of the province. Then he sailed away. He spent about three weeks in Dublin, and on the 20th of March set sail for Beaumaris. He reached Chester to hear the first report of Queen Elizabeth's death.

30. Spanish letters on the Irish defeat at Kinsale

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1601–1602

    After the Irish defeat before Kinsale, letters from the King of Spain and the Duke of Lerma were sent to Don Juan de Aquila, promising reinforcements and encouraging him to hold his position. The king appointed Aquila to his council of war and vowed greater rewards for his continued service.

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    The following letter was written after O'DonnelPs arrival in Spain, telling of the signal defeat of the Irish before Kinsale. The king is by no means discouraged. If Don Juan had any of the old blue blood of Spain in his veins, the following letter was well calculated to send it in a warm current through his whole frame : —

    " A letter from the DUKE or LEBMA to DON JUAN DE AQUJLA.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 174

    As the companion tells it

    Kinsale, in Cork, is the town where the Irish suffered a signal defeat in 1601. After O'Donnell arrived in Spain, letters came from the King of Spain and the Duke of Lerma to Don Juan de Aquila, promising reinforcements and urging him to hold his position. The king was by no means discouraged. He appointed Aquila to his council of war and vowed greater rewards for his continued service.

31. Barryscourt Castle and Giraldus tradition

    near Barryscourt · street · Cork

    Barryscourt Castle near Carrigtwohill was traditionally believed to be where Giraldus Cambrensis, himself a Barry, composed part of his work on the Irish conquest. The author suspects it may be of a more modern date than the thirteenth century.

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    In the kingdom of Cork alone, we have the castle of Muinter Bhaire, in Kilcrohane, erected by Mac Cuddihy. The castles of Dun-na-mbare, or Dunnamarc, and Aird Tuilighthe, the castle of Dunloe, the castle of Kilforgla, or Killorglin, the castle of the Mang, or Castlemaine, (in Kerry,) the castles of Moylahiff, of Callanafersy, of Cloonmealane, and of Curreens, now Currans, by Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald. The castle of Airlioch, by Eoche. The castles of Dunnagall and Dunna-sead, (Baltimore,) by Sleviny. The castle of Traigh- C'haile, near the harbour of Cuan-Dor, (Glandore,) by Barrett. This castle was afterwards called Cloghatradbally, and belonged to Donell na Carton O'Donovan, chief of Clan-loughlin, who died in 1580. The castles of Timoleague and Dundeady, by Nicholas Boy de Barry. The castle of Carrigaline, by De Cogan, and of Ahamartha, by the Fitzgeralds, both on the Carrigaline river, and Lohart castle, near Cecilstown, in the possession of the Earl of Egmont, which, although in a state of great preservation, is thought, by Smith and others, to have been built in the reign of king John. It is generally supposed, that the castle of Barry's court, near Carrigtwohill, was built during the same century. "We suspect it is of a more modern date, although there is a tradition that Giraldus Cambrensis, who was a Barry, composed a portion of his work on the Irish conquest within its walls. It is a large quadrangular structure, with three towers, communicating at each story with the principal apartments of the quadrangle. The arches are beautifully turned, and the marks of the chisel on the cut-stone round the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 13

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Barryscourt, there stands a large quadrangular castle with three towers, communicating at each story with the principal apartments of the quadrangle. The arches are beautifully turned, and the marks of the chisel on the cut-stone round the building are still visible. The castle of Barry's Court, near Carrigtwohill, is generally supposed to have been built during the thirteenth century. There is a tradition that Giraldus Cambrensis, who was a Barry, composed a portion of his work on the Irish conquest within its walls. Giraldus Cambrensis was a medieval writer who travelled through Ireland and recorded what he saw of the Norman conquest. The tradition ties this place to him through his family name, the Barrys, who were among the principal Norman families in Cork. The author of the record, however, suspects the castle is of a more modern date than the thirteenth century. Other castles in the kingdom of Cork are attributed to various builders: Mac Cuddihy erected the castle of Muinter Bhaire in Kilcrohane, Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald built several castles including Dunnamarc and Castlemaine, and Nicholas Boy de Barry built the castles of Timoleague and Dundeady. Lohart castle near Cecilstown, in the possession of the Earl of Egmont, is thought by Smith and others to have been built in the reign of King John.

32. Cantred of Killede and Imokilly barony

    Imokilly · barony · Cork

    The cantred of Killede or Killeagh corresponds to the present barony of Imokilly, originally held by the O'Fonaynes, O'Lomascys, and O'Brigans. The De Rupes (Roches) took the south-western part, retaining Roche's tower and Trabolgan, while the Fitzgeralds, Earls of Desmond, held the north-eastern portion.

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    By the cantred of Killede or Killeagh, we understand the present barony of Imokilly,* which was originally in the possession of the O'Eonaynes, O'Lomascys, and O'Brigans. The De Eupes, or Eoches, got possession, at an early period, of the south-western part of the peninsula — we still have Eoche's tower, and Trabolgan, the principal residence of Edmund Burke Eoche, now Baron Fermoy — and the Eitzgeralds, the Earls of Desmond, of the north-eastern portion.

    The cantred of Muscherie-Dunegant constituted the present baronies of Orrery and Kilmore, with Buttevant as the principal town. The O'Donegans, the O'v ullanans, and the Mac Clancys, or MacClanchys, were the original inhabitants of this district, before the Anglo-Norman invasion. We learn from O'Brien, the author of an Irish Dictionary, that " O'Donegan was chief lord, or petty king," of Muscherie-Dunegan, in the end of the tenth century. He refers it to " the judicious reader, if it be a likely story, that one Cairlre MusC) supposed son of a king of Meath, in the beginning of the third century, should have given the name of Muscry, [Muskerry] to every one of those territories,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 14

    As the companion tells it

    The road passes through the barony of Imokilly, which was once called the cantred of Killede, or Killeagh. It was originally held by the O'Eonaynes, the O'Lomascys, and the O'Brigans. The De Rupes, or Roches, took the south-western part of the peninsula at an early period. Roche's tower still stands, and Trabolgan remains the principal residence of Edmund Burke Roche, now Baron Fermoy. The north-eastern portion fell to the Fitzgeralds, the Earls of Desmond. The passage also speaks of a neighbouring cantred, Muscherie-Dunegant, which made up the present baronies of Orrery and Kilmore, with Buttevant as its principal town. The O'Donegans, the O'Mullanans, and the MacClancys were the original inhabitants before the Anglo-Norman invasion. O'Brien, the author of an Irish Dictionary, wrote that O'Donegan was chief lord, or petty king, of Muscherie-Dunegan at the end of the tenth century. He left it to the judicious reader whether one Carbre, said to be son of a king of Meath, could have given the name Muskerry to those territories at the beginning of the third century.

33. Chief rents from Ballinskelligs and Killaha Abbey

    Ballinskelligs · townland · Kerry

    The Earle of Clancare received chief rents of approximately £4 yearly from the Abbey of Killaha and a similar amount from Ballinskelligs, along with rents from churchland in Beara.

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    " Moreover, the Earle hath in Chief Rents yssuing out of Barrett's countrey, by the cyttie of Corke, £11 a yeare; out of the Abbey of Killaha, £4 a year or thereabouts ; out of Ballenskellig yearly as much ; out of certen churchland in Beare the like some ; besides he hath in demayne land, in the hundreds of Maygonie and Euraught, about his castle of the Pallace [in Kerry], his castle of * O'Dcmoghue of Glenflcsk, in Kerry.

    282 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 128

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, the Earl of Clancare drew chief rents. From the Abbey of Killaha he received about £4 a year, and from Ballinskelligs yearly as much. The same sum came from certain churchland in Beare. He also held £11 a year from Barrett's country by the city of Cork, besides demesne land in Kerry around his castle of the Palace.

34. Cloghatradbally Castle near Glandore

    near Glandore · population centre · Cork

    A castle near Glandore harbour, originally called Traigh-Chaile and built by Barrett, was later known as Cloghatradbally. It belonged to Donell na Carton O'Donovan, chief of Clan-loughlin, who died in 1580.

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    In the kingdom of Cork alone, we have the castle of Muinter Bhaire, in Kilcrohane, erected by Mac Cuddihy. The castles of Dun-na-mbare, or Dunnamarc, and Aird Tuilighthe, the castle of Dunloe, the castle of Kilforgla, or Killorglin, the castle of the Mang, or Castlemaine, (in Kerry,) the castles of Moylahiff, of Callanafersy, of Cloonmealane, and of Curreens, now Currans, by Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald. The castle of Airlioch, by Eoche. The castles of Dunnagall and Dunna-sead, (Baltimore,) by Sleviny. The castle of Traigh- C'haile, near the harbour of Cuan-Dor, (Glandore,) by Barrett. This castle was afterwards called Cloghatradbally, and belonged to Donell na Carton O'Donovan, chief of Clan-loughlin, who died in 1580. The castles of Timoleague and Dundeady, by Nicholas Boy de Barry. The castle of Carrigaline, by De Cogan, and of Ahamartha, by the Fitzgeralds, both on the Carrigaline river, and Lohart castle, near Cecilstown, in the possession of the Earl of Egmont, which, although in a state of great preservation, is thought, by Smith and others, to have been built in the reign of king John. It is generally supposed, that the castle of Barry's court, near Carrigtwohill, was built during the same century. "We suspect it is of a more modern date, although there is a tradition that Giraldus Cambrensis, who was a Barry, composed a portion of his work on the Irish conquest within its walls. It is a large quadrangular structure, with three towers, communicating at each story with the principal apartments of the quadrangle. The arches are beautifully turned, and the marks of the chisel on the cut-stone round the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 13

    As the companion tells it

    As the road passes through Glandore in Cork, you are near the site of a castle once called Traigh-C'haile, built by Barrett near the harbour of Cuan-Dor. It was afterwards called Cloghatradbally, and belonged to Donell na Carton O'Donovan, chief of Clan-loughlin, who died in 1580. The book that records this lists it among many castles raised across the kingdom of Cork. Mac Cuddihy erected the castle of Muinter Bhaire in Kilcrohane. Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald built the castles of Dun-na-mbare, or Dunnamarc, and Aird Tuilighthe, the castle of Dunloe, the castle of Kilforgla, or Killorglin, the castle of the Mang, or Castlemaine in Kerry, the castles of Moylahiff, of Callanafersy, of Cloonmealane, and of Curreens, now Currans. Eoche built the castle of Airlioch. Sleviny built the castles of Dunnagall and Dun-na-sead, which is Baltimore. Nicholas Boy de Barry built the castles of Timoleague and Dundeady. De Cogan built the castle of Carrigaline, and the Fitzgeralds built the castle of Ahamartha, both on the Carrigaline river. Lohart castle near Cecilstown was in the possession of the Earl of Egmont. Though in great preservation, Smith and others thought it had been built in the reign of King John. The castle of Barry's Court near Carrigtwohill was thought to belong to the same century, though the author suspects it is more modern.

35. Lice in Cork inns according to Fynes Moryson

    Cork · city · Cork

    A footnote citing Fynes Moryson reports that visitors to inns in the town of Cork could not get a bed without being swarmed with lice, illustrating the poor sanitary conditions of the period.

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    f Wash their shirts four or five tinies in the year. — Fynes Moryson says, " You conld not get a bed in any inn, even in the tovn of Cork, without being swarmed with lice."

    232 HISTORY OF COEK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 107

    As the companion tells it

    Cork has a long history, but the inns here once had a grim reputation. The traveller Fynes Moryson wrote that you could not get a bed in any inn, even in the town of Cork, without being swarmed with lice.

36. Manors of Mallow, Broghil and Kilcolman assigned, 1418

    Mallow · town · Cork · 1418

    In 1418, the manors of Moyallow (Mallow), Broghil, and Kilcolman were assigned to Maurice, son of Thomas, the sixth Earl of Desmond, by his uncle James who had usurped the earldom. This transfer occurred during the earlship of James the Usurper.

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    " Anno 1418. — . The manors of Moyallow, [Mallow] Broghil, and Kilcolman, were assigned to Maurice, the son of Thomas, the sixth Earl of Desmond, by his uncle [granduncle] James, who usurped the earldom."

    * Sir John Talbot married the eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Neville, by Joan, the sole daughter and heiress of William, the last Lord Furnival.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 31

    As the companion tells it

    Mallow was once called Moyallow. In 1418, the manors of Moyallow, Broghil, and Kilcolman were assigned to Maurice, the son of Thomas, the sixth Earl of Desmond. The assignment came from his granduncle James, who had usurped the earldom.

37. Myles de Courcy's castle on the Head of Kinsale

    Kinsale · town · Cork

    Myles de Courcy, son of the celebrated John de Courcy, married a De Cogan and built a castle on the Head of Kinsale. Ancient maps show the names of De Cogan and De Courcy lying together near the port of Kinsale.

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    The twenty-five knights' fees were to be " set out" to Richard de Cogan, " in some other place," under the advice of John Mareschall, and Meiler Fitz-Eenry, Lord Justice of Ireland. We suspect this portion of his inheritance was chosen near the port of Insovenagh, or Kinsale, where we see the name of De Cogan and De Courcy lying together, in ancient maps. Myles de Courcy, the son of the celebrated John de Courcy, married a De Cogan, and built a castle on the Head of Kinsale.

    The romantic fortunes and misfortunes of John de Courcy, the ancestor of John Constantine de Courcy, the present lord of Kinsale, are more strange, and apparently extravagant, than any fiction ever penned ; but they, notwithstanding, form a veritable part of history. We have an -impression, though we are unable at the present moment to give our authority, that Merlin, a Welsh bard or seer, had predicted the conquests of the knight above whose helm three eagles* were displayed.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 16

    As the companion tells it

    As you come through Kinsale in Cork, this is where Myles de Courcy, son of the celebrated John de Courcy, built a castle on the Head of Kinsale. Myles married a De Cogan, and the two families' names lie together on ancient maps near the port. Richard de Cogan was to receive twenty-five knights' fees, set out in some other place, under the advice of John Mareschall and Meiler Fitz-Eenry, Lord Justice of Ireland. That inheritance was likely chosen near the port then called Insovenagh. The fortunes and misfortunes of John de Courcy, ancestor of John Constantine de Courcy, the present lord of Kinsale, are stranger than any fiction ever penned, yet form a veritable part of history. There is an impression that Merlin, a Welsh bard or seer, had predicted the conquests of the knight who displayed three eagles above his helm.

38. O'Donovans dispossessed from Carbery by MacCarthy

    near Kilbrittain · street · Cork

    The O'Donovans were the original princes of Carbery on the south-western coast of county Cork before being dispossessed by the ancestors of Florence MacCarthy of Kilbrittain Castle.

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    f Who lived at Bruree. — The O'Donovans were the original princes of Carbery, on the south-western coast of the county of Cork, of which territory they wore dispossessed by the ancestors of the famous Florence Mac Carthy, of Xilbrittau castle.

    2 HISTORY OF COEK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 2

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Kilbrittain, the O'Donovans were once the princes of Carbery, on the south-western coast of county Cork. They were dispossessed by the ancestors of the famous Florence MacCarthy, of Kilbrittain Castle.

39. Refuge near Mellifont Abbey

    Mellifont · townland · Louth

    After crossing the Boyne, Hugh Roe O'Donnell was taken through a dense grove to a mansion house. This house was located at or near the Abbey of Mellifont, belonging to a friend of O'Neill.

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    f Distinguished English youth. — The Four Masters do not give the name- The biographer of Hugh Roe O'Neill says, the mansion was at, or near, the Abbey of Mellifont, where Dervorgill, the Helen of Irish history, died.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 130

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere near here was a mansion house. The Four Masters do not give its name. The biographer of Hugh Roe O'Neill says it stood at or near the Abbey of Mellifont, where Dervorgill, called the Helen of Irish history, died.

40. Tirrell raids Mallow garrison at noon

    Mallow · town · Cork

    Slanderous reports circulated in England that Tirrell had returned to Munster and seized prey from the garrison at Mallow in broad daylight. The author dismisses these reports as false, alongside similar claims about Viscount Roch and Lord Cahir.

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    entered into open hostility, and that Tirrell was come again into the province, and had taken the prey of Mallow from the garrison at noon day. Although the world may be satisfied concerning these slanderous reports, by that which hath been already delivered, yet to give more particular satisfaction to all, or to any that should make question hereof, the Lord Eoch was never touched with the least spot of disloyalty against her majesty; yea, such loyal constancy did he always embrace and practise, that in the universal inundation of treasons, when all the province in general, and his father in particular, did combine against their anointed sovereign, at that time and ever since, did he continue himself within the lists of an obedient subject."

    The statement concerning my Lord Cahir was equally false. As for Cormac Mac Dermot of Blarney, he had lost thirty of his best men in her majesty's service. Sir George may therefore take his departure with a quiet conscience, for a dog would scarcely venture to bark in this wide province.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 192

    As the companion tells it

    Mallow is a town where stories once spread through England that Tirrell had come back into the province and taken prey from the garrison at noon. The author calls these slanderous reports and says they were false. He says the same reports claimed Lord Eoch had entered into open hostility, but that Lord Eoch was never touched with the least spot of disloyalty against her majesty. Even when the whole province and his own father combined against their anointed sovereign, he stayed within the bounds of an obedient subject. The statement concerning Lord Cahir was equally false. As for Cormac Mac Dermot of Blarney, he had lost 30 of his best men in her majesty's service. Sir George, the author says, may take his departure with a quiet conscience, for a dog would scarcely venture to bark in this wide province.

41. Valentia Island within Slight Cormak territory

    near Valencia Island · island or archipelago · Kerry

    The Lord of Kerelawny's country, also called Slight Cormak, contained 35 ploughlands, some of which were on the Isle of Valentia. The Earle claimed the giving of the rod, rising-out, forty galloglass, and £40 yearly in spendings from this territory.

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    "The Seaventhe is the Lord of Kerelawny's countrey, otherwise called Slight Cormak. It contayneth 35 ploughlands, whereof some are in the lie of Valentia. He claymeth there the geaving of the Rodd, risinge out, the findinge of 40 Galleyglass, and to the value of £40 a yeare in spendinge.

    "The Eight is the countrey of [Mac] Gelecudde. It contayneth 46 ploughlands. He claymeth there risinge out, the gevinge of the Rodde, the findinge of 30 Galleyglas, and to the value of £20 a yeare in spendinge.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 128

    As the companion tells it

    Valencia Island lies within the country called Slight Cormak, belonging to the Lord of Kerelawny. The territory held 35 ploughlands, some of them on this island. From Slight Cormak the Earl claimed the giving of the rod, rising-out, the finding of 40 galloglass, and £40 a year in spendings.

42. Edmond Fitz-Maurice of Kerry slain

    Kerry · county · Kerry · 1447

    In 1447, Edmond, the son of Mac Maurice or Fitz-Maurice of Kerry, was killed by Cormac, the son of Owen Mac Carthy.

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    Five years later, in 1447, Edmond, the son of Mac Maurice, or Fitz-Maurice, of Kerry, was slain by Cormac, the son of Owen Mac Carthy.

    A. D. 1449 was a great year for Ireland. " The Duke of York came to Ireland, with great glory and pompe, and the commissioners of Ireland came to his howse. And the Irish came to his howse, and verry many beeves were given him for the mainteynance of the king's kitchen."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 34

    As the companion tells it

    As the road takes you through Kerry, this is a county that carries an old killing. In 1447, Edmond, the son of Mac Maurice, or Fitz-Maurice, of Kerry, was slain by Cormac, the son of Owen Mac Carthy. That is all the record gives: two names, a year, a county. A death between families, set down in a single line.

43. Cormac Mac Dermot of Blarney's war losses

    near Blarney · townland · Cork

    Cormac Mac Dermot of Blarney was falsely accused of disloyalty, having in fact lost thirty of his best men in Queen Elizabeth's service. The author cites this to refute slanderous reports of fresh rebellion in Munster.

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    The statement concerning my Lord Cahir was equally false. As for Cormac Mac Dermot of Blarney, he had lost thirty of his best men in her majesty's service. Sir George may therefore take his departure with a quiet conscience, for a dog would scarcely venture to bark in this wide province.

    And never sea - sick mariner, in a tempestuous storm, more desired his wished-for harbour, nor virgin bride, her nuptial morn, than Sir George to see the queen, and "kiss the shadowes of her royal feet." He knows not that these royal feet are on the very borders of the Land of the shadow of Death. But he delays in order to appoint Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir George Thornton joint Commissioners for the government of the province. He left Cork in February, 1603, remained about three weeks in Dublin, and on the 20th of March sailed for Beaumaris. He

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 192

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, Cormac Mac Dermot of Blarney was falsely accused of disloyalty. He had in fact lost thirty of his best men in Queen Elizabeth's service. The same false reports concerned my Lord Cahir. Sir George was told he could take his departure with a quiet conscience, for as the source says, "a dog would scarcely venture to bark in this wide province." Sir George longed to see the queen, desiring, in the words of the passage, to "kiss the shadowes of her royal feet." He delayed only to appoint Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir George Thornton joint Commissioners for the government of the province. He left Cork in February 1603, stayed about three weeks in Dublin, and on the 20th of March sailed for Beaumaris.

44. Earl of Desmond's grandson beheaded at Drogheda

    Drogheda · town · Louth · 1462

    The old Earl of Desmond, James, died around 1462 at over eighty years old. He was succeeded by his more distinguished grandson, who was beheaded at Drogheda.

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    The old earl, James, died about ten years after this, considerably over eighty, and was succeeded by his more distinguished grandson, who was beheaded at Drogheda.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 34

    As the companion tells it

    Drogheda is the town on your road. In 1462, James, the old Earl of Desmond, died at over 80 years old. He was succeeded by his grandson, a more distinguished figure, who was beheaded here at Drogheda.

45. Nathaniel Spencer dies at Ballycannon, County Waterford

    near Ballycannon · townland · Cork · 1669

    A third son of Sylvanus Spencer named Nathaniel, a clergyman of the Established Church, married Margaret Deane and died intestate and without issue in 1669 at Ballycannon in the county Waterford.

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    f Nathaniel Spenser. — A third son of Sylvanus Spenser, and grandson of th* poet, was so called. He was a clergyman of the Established Church. He married Margaret Deane, and died in 1669, intestate, and without issne, at Ballycannon, in the county Waterford.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 140

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here at Ballycannon, Nathaniel Spencer died in 1669. He was a third son of Sylvanus Spencer, and grandson of the poet. He was a clergyman of the Established Church. He married Margaret Deane. He died intestate and without issue.

46. Roche's Tower and Trabolgan in Imokilly

    Trabolgan · townland · Cork

    The De Rupes or Roches secured the south-western part of the Imokilly peninsula at an early period. Roche's tower and Trabolgan, the principal residence of Edmund Burke Roche (now Baron Fermoy), remain as landmarks of that possession.

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    By the cantred of Killede or Killeagh, we understand the present barony of Imokilly,* which was originally in the possession of the O'Eonaynes, O'Lomascys, and O'Brigans. The De Eupes, or Eoches, got possession, at an early period, of the south-western part of the peninsula — we still have Eoche's tower, and Trabolgan, the principal residence of Edmund Burke Eoche, now Baron Fermoy — and the Eitzgeralds, the Earls of Desmond, of the north-eastern portion.

    The cantred of Muscherie-Dunegant constituted the present baronies of Orrery and Kilmore, with Buttevant as the principal town. The O'Donegans, the O'v ullanans, and the Mac Clancys, or MacClanchys, were the original inhabitants of this district, before the Anglo-Norman invasion. We learn from O'Brien, the author of an Irish Dictionary, that " O'Donegan was chief lord, or petty king," of Muscherie-Dunegan, in the end of the tenth century. He refers it to " the judicious reader, if it be a likely story, that one Cairlre MusC) supposed son of a king of Meath, in the beginning of the third century, should have given the name of Muscry, [Muskerry] to every one of those territories,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 14

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here stand Roche's Tower and Trabolgan. The Roches, or De Rupes as they were first called, took hold of the south-western part of the Imokilly peninsula at an early period. The whole cantred of Killede, or Killeagh — what we now know as the barony of Imokilly — was originally in the possession of the O'Eonaynes, the O'Lomascys, and the O'Brigans. The Roches secured their portion of the south-west, and the Fitzgeralds, the Earls of Desmond, took the north-eastern portion. Two landmarks of that possession remain: Roche's Tower, and Trabolgan, the principal residence of Edmund Burke Roche, now Baron Fermoy. So the older families held this ground first, and then the Roches and the Fitzgeralds divided the peninsula between them, south-west and north-east, and Trabolgan endures as the Roche seat in Imokilly.

47. Chief rents from Barrett's country near Cork city

    Cork · city · Cork

    The Earle of Clancare received £11 yearly in chief rents issuing out of Barrett's country, located near the city of Cork.

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    " Moreover, the Earle hath in Chief Rents yssuing out of Barrett's countrey, by the cyttie of Corke, £11 a yeare; out of the Abbey of Killaha, £4 a year or thereabouts ; out of Ballenskellig yearly as much ; out of certen churchland in Beare the like some ; besides he hath in demayne land, in the hundreds of Maygonie and Euraught, about his castle of the Pallace [in Kerry], his castle of * O'Dcmoghue of Glenflcsk, in Kerry.

    282 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 128

    As the companion tells it

    The road takes you near Cork. In this area lies Barrett's country, and from it the Earle of Clancare drew chief rents of 11 pounds a year. The same Earle held rents from the Abbey of Killaha, from Ballenskellig, and from churchland in Beare. He had demesne land as well, about his castle of the Pallace in Kerry.

48. Earl of Kildare seeks bishopric for Edward Dillon

    Kildare · town · Kildare · 1541

    Two years after Wellesley's death in 1539, the Earl of Kildare asked for the avoidance and denomination of the bishopric of Kildare for Maister Edward Dillon, described as being of virtuous living and of English name and condition.

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    Two years after, we find the Earl of Kildare asking for the avoidance and denomination of the bishopric of Kildare, for "Maister Edward Dillon, who is of vertuous living, and English name and condition."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 51

    As the companion tells it

    The town of Kildare. In 1541, the Earl of Kildare sought the bishopric of Kildare for Maister Edward Dillon, described as being of virtuous living and of English name and condition. This came two years after Wellesley's death in 1539.

49. John Fitz-Thomas and Loughguire Castle

    Loughgur · townland · Limerick

    John Fitz-Thomas, brother of the Sugan Earl James Fitz-Thomas, is mentioned in the account of Loughguire Castle. He was described as a noble youth who offered to take his brother's place as a prisoner.

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    We said the president would try again. The name of John Fits-Thomas is mentioned in the account of Loughguire Castle. He was brother to James Fitz- Thomas, a noble youth, who offered to take his bro-

    328 HISTOET OF COEK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 148

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Loughgur, Loughguire Castle is remembered in an old account. John Fitz-Thomas appears in it. He was brother to James Fitz-Thomas, and the record calls him a noble youth, who offered to take his brother's place as a prisoner.

50. MacCarthy's petition letter signed at Cork, 1583

    Cork · city · Cork · 1583

    Sir Owen MacCarthy signed a petition to Queen Elizabeth from Cork on 25 July 1583, seeking reimbursement for expenses incurred during the Munster rebellion. The letter detailed his country's contributions to Her Majesty's service under various commanders.

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    moste humbly take my leave. At your Maties citie of Cork the 25th of July, 1583.

    "Yor Highnes' Faithful Subject,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 126

    As the companion tells it

    Cork was where Sir Owen MacCarthy put his name to a petition on the 25th of July, 1583. He wrote to Queen Elizabeth seeking repayment for expenses during the Munster rebellion. He listed what his country had contributed to Her Majesty's service under various commanders. He signed off as "Yor Highnes' Faithful Subject."

51. Muinter Bhaire Castle in Kilcrohane

    Kilcrohane · townland · Cork

    A castle known as Muinter Bhaire, located in Kilcrohane, was erected by Mac Cuddihy as part of the extensive Norman castle-building programme across the kingdom of Cork during the thirteenth century.

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    In the kingdom of Cork alone, we have the castle of Muinter Bhaire, in Kilcrohane, erected by Mac Cuddihy. The castles of Dun-na-mbare, or Dunnamarc, and Aird Tuilighthe, the castle of Dunloe, the castle of Kilforgla, or Killorglin, the castle of the Mang, or Castlemaine, (in Kerry,) the castles of Moylahiff, of Callanafersy, of Cloonmealane, and of Curreens, now Currans, by Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald. The castle of Airlioch, by Eoche. The castles of Dunnagall and Dunna-sead, (Baltimore,) by Sleviny. The castle of Traigh- C'haile, near the harbour of Cuan-Dor, (Glandore,) by Barrett. This castle was afterwards called Cloghatradbally, and belonged to Donell na Carton O'Donovan, chief of Clan-loughlin, who died in 1580. The castles of Timoleague and Dundeady, by Nicholas Boy de Barry. The castle of Carrigaline, by De Cogan, and of Ahamartha, by the Fitzgeralds, both on the Carrigaline river, and Lohart castle, near Cecilstown, in the possession of the Earl of Egmont, which, although in a state of great preservation, is thought, by Smith and others, to have been built in the reign of king John. It is generally supposed, that the castle of Barry's court, near Carrigtwohill, was built during the same century. "We suspect it is of a more modern date, although there is a tradition that Giraldus Cambrensis, who was a Barry, composed a portion of his work on the Irish conquest within its walls. It is a large quadrangular structure, with three towers, communicating at each story with the principal apartments of the quadrangle. The arches are beautifully turned, and the marks of the chisel on the cut-stone round the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 13

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here in Kilcrohane stand the remains of Muinter Bhaire Castle, erected by Mac Cuddihy during the thirteenth century as part of the extensive Norman castle-building programme across the kingdom of Cork. The Normans built castles throughout this kingdom: Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald raised Dunnamarc, Dunloe, Killorglin, Castlemaine, Moylahiff, Callanafersy, Cloonmealane and Currans. Eoche built Aird Tuilighthe castle. Sleviny raised Dunnagall and Dun-na-sead at Baltimore. Barrett built the castle of Traigh-C'haile near the harbour of Cuan-Dor, later called Cloghatradbally, which belonged to Donell na Carton O'Donovan, chief of Clan-loughlin, who died in 1580. Nicholas Boy de Barry raised the castles of Timoleague and Dundeady. De Cogan built Carrigaline castle, and the Fitzgeralds built Ahamartha castle, both on the Carrigaline river. Lohart castle near Cecilstown, in the possession of the Earl of Egmont, was thought by Smith and others to have been built in the reign of King John. Barry's Court near Carrigtwohill is a large quadrangular structure with three towers, communicating at each story with the principal apartments of the quadrangle. Its arches are beautifully turned, and the marks of the chisel on the cut-stone remain visible.

52. Don Juan de Aquila commanding Spanish forces in Ireland

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1602

    The King of Spain addresses Don Juan de Aquila as Master of the Campe and Generall of his Army in Ireland, promising greater favours and rewards. The letters were written in January 1602 after the Irish defeat at Kinsale, with the king urging Aquila to hold his siege position until reinforcements arrived.

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    " Don Juan de Aquila, Master of the Campe, Generall of my Army in Ireland; by that which Pedro de Zubiare, and Pedro

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 174

    As the companion tells it

    You're passing through Kinsale here in Cork. After the Irish defeat in 1602, the King of Spain wrote to Don Juan de Aquila, calling him "Master of the Campe, Generall of my Army in Ireland." The king promised greater favours and rewards, urging him to hold his siege position until reinforcements arrived.

53. Death of Fineen Mac Carthy at Ringrone Castle

    Ringrone · townland · Cork · 1261

    Fineen Mac Carthy (Fineen Reaim Roin), who had defeated the Geraldines at Callan, was slain the same year by De Courcy and De Cogan in the castle of Ringrone, near Kinsale.

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    * Fineen Mac Carthy. — This -was Fineen Reaim Roin, who was slain this same year by De Courcy and DC Cogan, in the castle of llingrone, near Kiusale.

    46 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 21

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Ringrone, Fineen Mac Carthy met his end in 1261. This was Fineen Reaim Roin, the man who had defeated the Geraldines at Callan that same year. He was slain in the castle of Ringrone, near Kinsale, by De Courcy and De Cogan.

54. De Courcy estates inventoried across Cork and Kerry

    near Kilbrittain · street · Cork

    The De Courcy property, seized by the king's Escheator, comprised the manor of Kilbrittan and Ringrone with mills and fisheries, along with lands at Carrotsheran, Holderness, Liffynin, Fathax, Lyside, and Kinsale in County Cork, plus Glynardall and other lands in Kerry.

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    According to this deed, the De Courcy property consisted of " The manor of Kilbrittan, Ringrone, with the mills and fisheries ; the lands of Carrotsheran, Holderness, Liffynin, Fathax, Lyside, and Kingsale, in the county Cork ; and the country of Glynardall and other lands in the county of Kerry."

    The title of Baron, or Yiscount Kinsale, was fraudulently assumed by Sir Dominick Sarsfield, in 1627. John, Lord Courcy, and his son Gerald Courcy, petitioned the king against the pretender to the title. The petition was referred to the judges, who made the following report : —

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 19

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Kilbrittain, the De Courcy property was seized by the king's Escheator. By deed it consisted of the manor of Kilbrittan and Ringrone, with mills and fisheries, the lands of Carrotsheran, Holderness, Liffynin, Fathax, Lyside, and Kinsale in County Cork, and the country of Glynardall and other lands in Kerry. The title of Baron or Viscount Kinsale was fraudulently assumed by Sir Dominick Sarsfield in 1627. John, Lord Courcy, and his son Gerald Courcy petitioned the king against the pretender, and the petition was referred to the judges, who made a report.

55. Great Island held by the Barrys in 1355

    near Great Island · townland · Cork · 1355

    An inquisition taken in Cork before William de Rose, Chief Justice of Ireland, established that the Great Island on which Queenstown stands was included in the cantred of O'Lethan and was in the possession of the Barrys in 1355.

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    We discover, by an inquisition taken in Cork, before William de Rose, Chief Justice of Ireland, that the great island on which Queenstown stands, was included in this cantred, and was in the possession of the Barrys in 1355. " The extent of Ily-Liathnm

    30 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 14

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here, an inquisition taken in Cork before William de Rose, Chief Justice of Ireland, established that this island was included in the cantred of O'Lethan and was held by the Barrys in 1355.

56. Knight of the Wall identified as Knight of Glin

    Glin · town · Limerick · 1515–1535

    A state paper listing Irish Norman captains who followed Irish customs included the 'Knight of the Wall,' which a footnote explains means 'Knight of the Wall' or valley, pronounced 'wallty,' and is understood to be the Knight of Glin.

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    * Knight of the Wall, or valley, pronounced wallty, for the Normaiis preserved their pronunciation intact. By the Knight of the Walley, or valley, we understand the Knight of Glin.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 47

    As the companion tells it

    Glin appears in a state paper from this time, among the Irish Norman captains who followed Irish customs. The paper names the Knight of the Wall, or valley, pronounced wallty. A footnote explains that by the Knight of the Walley, or valley, we understand the Knight of Glin.

57. Perkin Warbeck's second visit to Cork

    Cork · city · Cork

    After a failed landing on the coast of Kent, Perkin Warbeck returned to Cork a second time, where he was treated with kindness but received little material aid. He then departed for Scotland.

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    Not liking this sort of treatment, he resolved to try

    PERKIN WAEBECK. {J1

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 43

    As the companion tells it

    Cork was where Perkin Warbeck came a second time, after a failed landing on the coast of Kent. He was treated with kindness here, but received little material aid. Not liking this sort of treatment, he resolved to try elsewhere, and departed for Scotland.

58. Psalter of Cashel accepted as ransom for Mac Eichard Butler

    Cashel · town · Tipperary

    Thomas, the Eighth Earl of Desmond, accepted the Psalter of Cashel as a full ransom for Mac Eichard Butler, demonstrating his distinguished patronage of literature. This incident reflects the cultural value placed on manuscripts in medieval Ireland.

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    Thomas, the Eighth Earl of Desmond, was a distin-

    80 HISTORY OF CORK,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 37

    As the companion tells it

    Cashel holds a story about a book and a man's freedom. Thomas, the Eighth Earl of Desmond, accepted the Psalter of Cashel as a full ransom for Mac Eichard Butler. A manuscript stood as the price of a life.

59. Turlough Mac Sweeny of the wooden leg slain at Cork gate

    Cork · city · Cork · 1579

    Turlough Mac Sweeny, who had lost a hand and foot at the battle of Innishannon and thereafter used a wooden leg, was killed by Brian Mac Sweeny at the gate of Cork in 1579.

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    • To his death. — Turlough Mac Sweeny, " of (he icooden leg" fell by the hand of Brian Mac Sweeny, at the gate of Cork, in 1579.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 89

    As the companion tells it

    Cork, 1579. Turlough Mac Sweeny, known as the man of the wooden leg, had lost a hand and a foot at Innishannon. He fell by the hand of Brian Mac Sweeny at the gate of this city.

60. Ancient presidency document at Lismore

    Lismore · town · Waterford

    An ancient document preserved at Lismore, in the handwriting of the first Earl of Cork, recorded the financial allowances of the Lord President and council of Munster, including £20 a-week for diet and a daily allowance for their retinue of horse and foot.

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    According to an ancient document at Lismore, in the hand- writing of the first Earl of Cork, besides the above salary, the president and council were allowed £20 a-week for diet, and £1 1 Os. 7d. a-day for retinue of horse and foot.

    Morison gives us the establishment of Munster for the year 1598, as follows: — " The Lord President, £130 6s. 8d. per annum; for his diet, with the council at his table, £320 per annum ; for his retinue of twenty foot and thirty horse, with the officers, £803. The Chief Justice, £100 ; the second Justice, £66 13s. 4d. ; the Queen's Attorney, £13 6s. 8d.; the Clerk of the Council, £20 ; the Clerk of the Crown, £20 ; Serjeantat-arms, £20; Provost-marshal, £255 10s.; total, £1951 16s. 8d. sterling money."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc01gibsiala, Chapter 99