The history of the county and city of Cork (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. Spike Island government prison saw marked decline in committals

   Spike Island · townland · Cork · 1851–1860

   The government prison on Spike Island experienced the same remarkable decrease in committals observed at the county and city gaols over the 1850s. The author promises further detail later in the work.

   Read the passage

   This is less than one-third of the committals ten years ago. In the County Gaol the committals for 1860 were, to a small fraction, but a fifth of what they were in 1851. The same remarkable decrease has occurred in the government prison of Spike Island, as we shall see by-and-bye.

   366 HISTORY OF CORK.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 186

2. St. Mary de Nard's Church and Elizabeth Fort, Cork

   near Elizabeth Fort · street · Cork

   St. Mary de Nard's church, dedicated to Mary the sister of Lazarus, once stood on the site now occupied by Elizabeth Fort. The church ruins no longer remain. The fort was built during Queen Elizabeth's reign, and Bishop Dive Downes claimed it was raised higher by Cromwell, though the author disputes this.

   Read the passage

   f St. Mary Hard. This church was dedicated to Mary, the sister of Lazarua, who anointed th« Saviour's feet with spike-nan*. Dive Downes says, " St. Mary de Nard's church stood in the place where the King's Stone Fort now stands. The ruins do not remain. The atone Fort [Elizabeth Fort] was built in Queen Elizabeth's time, and raised higher by Cromwell." We think the bishop is mistaken respecting the fort. Cromwell often rased a fort and eastle, but never raised one, that we know of, in Ireland. He did not remain in Cork more than two or three days.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 160

3. Baptist Chapel and burial ground, Marlborough Street

   Marlborough Street · street · Cork

   A Baptist Chapel stands in Marlborough Street, Cork, with an associated burial ground in St. Stephen's Lane. Headstones bear names including Allen, Austen, Fowkes, Falkiner, Jones, and Lapp, the last possibly connected to Lapp's Quay.

   Read the passage

   f In Marlborough Street is a Baptist Chapel. The burial ground in St. Stephen's Lane is in connexion with it. Among the names on the head-stones we meet Allen, Austen, Fowkes, Falkiner, Jones, and Lapp. Was this the Lapp who gave name to Lapp's Quay ?

   324 HISTORY OF CORK.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 166

4. Battle of Knocknanuss, 1647

   Knocknanuss · townland · Cork · 1647

   Knocknanuss, situated about an Irish mile from Lohort Castle, was the site of a famous battle fought in 1647. The engagement is noted as one of the significant military encounters of the period.

   Read the passage

   Lohort castle is about an Irish mile from Ballyclough, and the same distance from Knockninoss, the site of the famous battle fought in 1647. This is one of the finest old castles in Ireland. It was built, it is supposed, during the reign of King John. It is the property of the Earl of Egmont, who keeps it in a

   * Richard Newman. — This Richard Newman was High Steward of Westminster, and a faithful adherent of Charles I , whom he accompanied through all his difficulties and dangers, on some occasions supplying him with large sums of money. Colonel Newman was granted an augmentation of arms by Charles I., a portcullis, imperially crowned, for his bravery at the battle of Worcester.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 247

5. Bishop John Butler lodges near Ballyvolane

   Ballyvolane · townland · Cork · 1763

   Dr. John Butler, consecrated Bishop of Cork in 1763, arrived in Cork on 17 June 1763 and lodged a night or two at Mr. Crotty's, near Ballyvolane. He later succeeded to the title and estates of Lord Dunboyne and controversially married a Protestant lady.

   Read the passage

   1763. Dr. John Butler, uncle to the Lord Dunboyne, was consecrated Bishop of Cork, and came the 17th day of June, 1763, to Cork, and lodged a night or two at Mr. Crotty's, near Ballyvolane.

   Dr. Creagh,

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 189

6. Burial injunction at Dunkitt

   Dunkitt · townland · Kilkenny · 1817

   Doctor O'Donovan's father, born 1760 and married in 1788 to Eleanor Hoberlin of Rochestown, died on 29th July 1817. He enjoined his eldest son to remember his descent and requested burial 'along with the good men of Dunkitt, but not under the large tombstone.'

   Read the passage

   John O'Donovan, Esquire, LL.D., is a descendant of the Castle- Donovan branch of this family. Edmond Donovan, of Bawnlahan, killed the eldest son of O'Sullivan Beare, in some dispute about the boundary of their estates, and fled the county of Cork, settling at Gaulstown, in the county Kilkenny, previously to 1643. Doctor O'Donovan's father was an Edmond. He was born in 1760, and married, in 1788, to Eleanor Hoberlin, of Rochestown, and died, 29th July, 1817, enjoining his eldest son, who sat by his bedside while he expired, to remember his descent. He requested that his body should be buried " along with the good men of Dunkitt, but not under the large tombstone."

   518 HISTORY OP CORK,

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 265

7. Carrigtohill village and marsh described by Smith

   Carrigtohill · town · Cork

   Carrigtohill, meaning 'a caved rock,' is a small village eight Irish miles from Cork seated on a salt-water marsh excellent for fattening horses. The name derives from the limestone rock that abounds there, with a stream of salt water still creeping around the Little Island.

   Read the passage

   Carrigtohill * is described by Smith as " a small village, eight [Irish] miles from Cork, seated on an arm of the sea, which at high water flows under a bridge of eight arches, and overspreads a large tract of lan<J, making an excellent marsh for fattening horses." It is scarcely correct to call the marsh an arm of the sea. Carrigtohill lies to the north of the Little Island, round which a stream of salt water still manages to creep. In the old parish church of Carrigtohill is a monument of Italian marble, erected to the memory of Sir James Cotter, of whom we have spoken

   * Carrigtohill, or Carrigtoille, means " a caved rock," from carry, a rock, and faille, a cave. The limestone rock abounds here.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 232

8. Castlecor — Barry estate and old castle

   Castlecor · electoral division · Cork

   Castlecor, north-west of Kanturk, was the mansion and fine demesne of Major James Barry of Ballyclough. An old castle belonging to the Barrys stood in the 'pleasant park' of Castlecor. The estate formerly belonged to the Freemans before returning to the original Barry proprietors.

   Read the passage

   To the north-west of Kanturk is the mansion and fine demesne of Castlecor, the property of Major James Barry, of Ballyclough. It formerly belonged to the Freemans.* An old castle belonging to the Barrys, stood in the " pleasant park " of Castlecor. It appears from this that the estate has gone back to the original proprietors, and that the Barrys have got their own again. The Ballyclough branch of the Barrys claims to be senior to the Barry mores. They lived originally at Lisnegar, near Eathcormac.

   Newmarket is between four and five miles from Kanturk. It formed a part of the forfeited estates of the Mac Auliffes, and was granted to the Aid worth family, who established a new market here, hence the name. Newmarket House, the seat of Eichard Oliver Aidworth, a descendant of the St. Legers, is near the town. Here also is Mount Keeffe, and the Priory, formerly the residence of John Philpot Curran. f Curran was a townsman and cotemporary with Barry Yelverton. "When boys they went to school together to Midleton. Yelverton was raised to the Irish peerage in 1736, and to the dignity of Viscount Avonmore, for his services

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 248

9. Cloyne town described as miserable in 1824

   Cloyne · town · Cork · 1800–1838

   Crofton Croker described Cloyne in 1824 as straggling and miserable, composed of mud cabins and inferior houses. The town had 308 houses and 1,600 people in 1800, rising to about 2,000 by 1813 and 2,227 by 1838, with about 350 small and irregularly built houses.

   Read the passage

   Crofton Croker describes the town of Cloyne, in 1824, as straggling and miserable, composed of mud cabins and an inferior description of houses. In 1800 the number of houses was 308, and people 1600. In 1813 it contained about 2,000 inhabitants. In 1838 the number was 2,227. The town consists of two streets, intersecting each other at right angles. The number of houses is about 350, which are small and irregularly built. The only manufacture in the town

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 230

10. Copper mines on O'Sullivan Beare property at Bearehaven

    Bearhaven · bay · Cork

    The copper mines on the former O'Sullivan Beare property, by then in Puxley possession, were described as the richest in Ireland. The district's clay slate formation was noted for abundant metalliferous veins yielding copper, lead and silver.

    Read the passage

    The rocks and mountains of Beare, to which he must needs return, are, to the present day, both wild and sterile, but here, as in other places, the riches of the centre more than compensate for the sterility of the surface. The copper mines on the O'Sullivan Beare property, now in the possession of the Puxleysr are the richest in Ireland. It is to be regretted that the maps of the Ordnance Survey, intended to indicate the geological structure of this district, are erroneously coloured. The colouring indicates the old red sandstone, which is condemned by miners as " non-metalliferous." Captain William Thomas, a high authority on such a subject, says, " The whole district southwest of the counties of Cork and Kerry, belong to the clay slate formation, intersected by numerous elvans, dykes, cross-courses, slides and floccans, and is abundantly traversed by metalliferous veins, and from these are obtained the ores of copper, lead, and silver."

    Francis Lisabe, Esquire, C.E., C.M.E., who has lately published a valuable pamphlet, shewing the,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 269

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Bearhaven, the bay. The rocks and mountains of Beare are wild and sterile to this day, but the riches of the centre more than compensate for the sterility of the surface. The copper mines on the O'Sullivan Beare property, by then in the possession of the Puxleys, were described as the richest in Ireland. It is to be regretted that the maps of the Ordnance Survey, intended to indicate the geological structure of this district, are erroneously coloured. The colouring indicates the old red sandstone, which miners condemn as non-metalliferous. Captain William Thomas, a high authority on the subject, says the whole district southwest of the counties of Cork and Kerry belongs to the clay slate formation, intersected by numerous elvans, dykes, cross-courses, slides and floccans, and is abundantly traversed by metalliferous veins. From these are obtained the ores of copper, lead, and silver.

11. Dive Downes describes St. Barry's parish boundaries

    Cork · city · Cork · 1699

    Bishop Dive Downes described the parish of St. Barry as extending to the western stone bridge, past the west end of the stone fort, to the sign of the Mitre, Gallows-green, the Spittal lands, and Killindrindownagh lands belonging to St. Dominick's Abbey. Some small fields and a street in the parish were in the city but not in the manor of St. Barry's.

    Read the passage

    Dive Downes describes the parish thus: — "This parish extends to the western stone bridge, and so runs by the west end of the stone [Elizabeth] fort up to the sign of the Mitre, from thence to Gallows-green and the Spittal lands, and to Killindrindownagh lands, belonging to St. Dominick's Abbey. Here some small fields and a small street, which are in this parish, are not in the manor of St. Barry's, but in the city. All the rest of this parish, together with several other lands in several other parishes, belong to the manor of St, Barry's.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 181

12. Dromagh coal and culm district described by Dr. Smith

    Dromagh · townland · Cork · 1749

    Dromagh sits at the centre of a coal or culm district running from near Kanturk to Millstreet. Dr. Smith noted in 1749 that a vein of coal had been discovered and considerable quantities raised, with the culm principally employed in burning lime.

    Read the passage

    Dromagh Castle, on the property of Nicholas Philpot Leader, lies about four miles south-west of Kanturk. Here are the ruins of a fine old castle, built by the 0?Keeffes. Lord Muskerry marched out of this castle in 1652, to encounter Lord Broghill, at the famous battle of Knocknaclashy, near Clonmeen. — See vol. i., pp. 114-117. Dromagh is about the centre of the coal or culm district, which runs from within a mile and a-half of Kanturk to Millstreet. Dr. Smith, writing in 1749, says, — " Near this place a vein of coal has been discovered, and considerable quantities have been raised." The quantity of culm raised by Mr. Leader is considerable ; Doctor Justice also raised large quantities on his property between Mount Justice and Duaragil. The culm is principally employed in burning lime.* There is a great deal of bog and bad land in this neighbourhood.

    Millstreet is a market and post town, in the parish of Drishane and barony of West Muskerry, eight miles from Kanturk and twenty miles from Mallow, on the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 249

13. Elizabeth sends silver collar to Cork mayor

    Cork · city · Cork · 1571

    Queen Elizabeth sent a silver collar of SS to Maurice Roche, Mayor of Cork, in 1571. The mayor's collar of SS is now composed of gold and precious stones, valued at £1,500.

    Read the passage

    * Chains of gold. Queen Elizabeth sent a silver collar of SS. to Maurice Roche, Mayor of Cork in 1571. Henry IV , of England, was the first that gave the " forget-me-not" its poetic meaning, by uniting it on his collar of SS. with his watchword, "souveiyne vous de may." The mayor's collar of SS. is now composed of gold and precious stones, valued at £1,500.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 7

14. Glanmire Road repairs from King Street, 1815

    near Glanmire · town · Cork · 1815

    At the Spring Assizes of 1815, over £1,029 was allocated for changing and repairing the Glanmire Road from King Street to the village of Glanmire. This was among the largest single presentments for road works in that session.

    Read the passage

    The following presentments were passed at the Spring Assizes for 1815 : — For filling and levelling Warren's Quay, or Lapp's Island dock, £11, 11s. For rebuilding the ferry slip at end of Mardyke, £33, 16s. For changing and repairing the Glanmire Koad, from King Street to the village of Glanmire, £1029, 14s. 6d.

    312 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 160

15. John Egan of Mallow robbed during 1642 rebellion

    Mallow · town · Cork · 1642

    John Egan of Mallow filed a deposition claiming losses of £35 during the 1642 rebellion. He made his mark rather than signing his name, indicating illiteracy common among many Protestant deponents.

    Read the passage

    of February last past, he lost, was robbed, and forceably despoyled, of his goods, and chattells, and debts, to the value of 19s. 6d." Sir Eobert Tirrell, late of the barony of Small, county of Cork, knight," lost to the value of £1,786. Dina Holland, a "Brittish Protestant," wife of John Holland, of Enniskcene, in the parish of Kineagh, " deposeth, on the part of her husband, now sick, that he was robbed to the amount of £59," Dina makes " her marke," and a queer mark it is. Those Protestants had no idea of writing. Mary Berry, widow and relict of Richard Berry, of Gaggen, in the parish of Ballymoody, deposeth to the loss of eight cowes, fower yong heffers, one mare and colt, to the value of £25, with oats, wheat, and rye, value eight pounds, and four pounds in ready money. Mary's name and mark are arranged thus : " Mary M. B. Berry's mark." Thomas Bulmar's li mke " or marke, is a B on its back, thus, PQ , which looks like two bee-hives. Simon Lightfoot, of Kinsale, who lost " goods and chattells " to the amount of £141, signs himself " Symon S. L. light foote." Joane Crews, late of Mawlare, county of Corke, wid.," was robbed of £73, and her husband, " because he had a fowling piece in his hand." Joan Law, a widow of Donowraile," lost property to the value of £16 8s., including " three fowling pieces and fortie shillings." John Egan, of Mayallow — Mallow — makes his mark, and says he lost £35. Lawrence Spenser, in the barony of Kinalmeaky, in the county of Cork, yeoman, was robbed of £220 5s. Lawrence Spenser makes his mark. Was this a descendant of the poet ? We have also, in the deposition numbered 2,353, the name of Eobert Milton. The

    60 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 34

16. John Hogan's statue commission for Father Mathew

    Cork · city · Cork · 1850–1858

    The citizens of Cork employed sculptor John Hogan to prepare a bronze statue of Father Mathew for £1,000. Hogan died of consumption and the commission was given to his son. Hogan was born in Tallow, County Waterford, in 1800 but was nurtured in Cork.

    Read the passage

    That eminent sculptor, John Hogan,* was employed by the citizens of Cork, to prepare a bronze statue of Father Mathew, for which they were to pay £1,000. Hogan died of consumption, and the commission was given to his son.

    In the broken down and ruinous locality of Black-amoor's Lane, we stumble on a fine new structure, -St. Nicholas church, rising like the fabled phoanix from the rubbish or ashes of centuries. It stands near the site of the ancient church of St. Bridget ; but " strange fire " burns on St. Bridget's altar, f for the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 170

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, this is the city that commissioned the sculptor John Hogan to cast a bronze statue of Father Mathew, agreeing to pay him 1,000 pounds. Hogan was born in Tallow, County Waterford, in 1800, but he was nurtured here in Cork. He never finished the work. He died of consumption, and the commission was given to his son.

17. Mardyke Parade's faded gentility

    Mardyke · electoral division · Cork

    The fine houses on the Mardyke Parade have a faded and antiquated appearance, and the Mardyke itself has lost its fashionable tone. Bachelor's Quay is no longer a promenade and Prospect Row has lost its pleasant look, reflecting the westward decline of Cork's old fashionable districts.

    Read the passage

    Barter has established a Turkish bath. The fine houses on the Mardyke Parade have a faded and antiquated appearance ; the Mardyke itself has lost ton ; Bachelor's Quay is no longer a promenade ; Prospect Eow has lost its pleasant look; Nile Street and Henry Street* are wide and deserted thoroughfares ; Francis Street, Thomas Street, Peter Street, Moore Street, Millerd Street, Coach Street, and Devonshire Street, have their names recorded in this history out of pure respect of their bye-gone grandeur and gentility.

    PATRICK STREET is the principal and best thoroughfare, and most fashionable promenade of the new portion of the city. The water of the Lee flowed up the middle of the street previous to 1783, and vessels laded and unladed on its quays. The south and east sides of the canal were called Hoare's Quay, and Long Quay, and Dunscombe's Marsh ;-f and the north and west sides, Colville's Quay. The channel is now arched over. The Wesleyan Methodist chapel J and the Chamber of Commerce are the principal public buildings in Patrick Street. The offices of the Southern or Daily Reporter and Examiner — Cork newspapers§ — are in this street.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 161

18. Midleton distillery and town growth

    Midleton · town · Cork

    By the mid-nineteenth century Midleton had grown significantly, described by Smith as consisting of one long street. The Midleton distillery, property of the Messrs. Murphy, is one of the largest in the south of Ireland, employing about 150 persons with weekly wages of £90 to £100.

    Read the passage

    The town is described by Smith, as consisting of " One long street, ranging from the north to the south bridges." Midleton has made great strides during the last thirty years. The Midleton distillery, the property of the Messrs. Murphy, is one of the largest in the South of Ireland. It employs about 150 persons. The weekly average wages is from £90 to £100.

    In the parish of Dungourney, to the north east of Midleton, is an ancient Irish rath ; and on a rock, near the church, the remains of a castle of the Barry s, a collateral branch of the Barrymores, which collateral branch possessed the Dungourney property, from 1315 to 1700.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 233

19. New Scots' Church below Belgrave Place

    Cork · city · Cork

    A new Scots' Church in Cork was described as rapidly approaching completion, situated on the plateau below Belgrave Place and fronting King Street. Designed in second-period Gothic style with a tower and spire rising to 140 feet, it commanded views of the river Lee.

    Read the passage

    A Cork newspaper, when speaking of the new Scots' Church, says : — " This beautiful structure, which is now rapidly approaching completion, will be, when finished, one of the handsomest public buildings in Cork, and, as the committee truly state in their circular, * at once an ornament to the city, and a suitable edifice in which to celebrate the worship of God.' The site is happily chosen, and presents, perhaps, the most favourable point that could be found in the most picturesque localities around the city. It is on the plateau below Belgrave Place, fronting King Street, directly overlooking and presenting commanding views for a long distance above and below, of

    'The pleasant waters of the river Lee.'

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 194

20. North Strand leased to Alderman Dunscombe, 1686

    Cork · city · Cork · 1686

    On 27 March 1686, the Corporation of Cork leased the North Strand to Alderman Noblett Dunscombe for 399 years at £2 10s. rent. A lease of part of the north-east marsh was also granted to Dunscombe in perpetuity at £1 1s. 5½d. rent.

    Read the passage

    " On the 27th of March, 1686, a lease of the North Strand was made by the corporation to Alderman Noblett Dunscombe, for 399 years, rent £2 10s. A lease of part of the north-east marsh was also made by the corporation to said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe for ever, rent £1 Is. 5Jd. A lease of the south-east marsh — the great marsh of Cork— alias Dunscombe's marsh, was also made by the corporation to said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe for ever, rent £26. After the siege of Cork, 1691, the south-east marsh, alias Dunscombe's marsh, was surrendered by said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe, being too dear. The council accepted the surrender, and granted a new lease for ever, rent £10, and a fine of £100. Said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe also held another marsh, but after the siege of Cork, 1691, surrendered it, and some years after it was leased to Mr. Pike."

    The corporation let, sold, mortgaged, gave, and jobbed away their lands and strands, fisheries, markets, prisage tolls, everything. No young spenthriffc heir ever ran through a handsome estate with more recklessness than the old mayors and council-men of Cork. Take the following. It is

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 96

21. Old church and churchyard site at Rostellan

    Rostellan · townland · Cork

    The old church of Rostellan, situated near the battery in front of the castle, had long since disappeared by the mid-nineteenth century. A sycamore tree marked the spot where clergy were 'read' into the parish, and the ancient churchyard could still be distinguished in dry seasons by grass drying up over flagstones near the surface.

    Read the passage

    " The old church * of Eostellan was situated near the battery, •fjn^front of the castle. It has long since disappeared. A sycamore tree, beneath which the clergyman is ' read ' into the parish, points out the spot

    * The old church. — Doctor Wise has lately discovered, in the demesne, the foundations of what was once called the " Old monastery."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 225

22. Prince William Henry visits Cork and receives freedom (1787)

    Cork · city · Cork · 1787

    Prince William Henry arrived in Cork on 2 December 1787, danced with several local ladies including Miss Fitton, Miss Kellet, Lady Haly, Miss Becher, and Mrs. Armstead, and received the freedom of the city in a gold box.

    Read the passage

    in a gold box, and to Sir Alexander Schomberg in a silver box. His Royal Highness Prince William Henry, arrived in Cork December 2, 1787, danced with Miss Fitton, Miss Kellet, Lady Haly, Miss Becher, and Mrs. Armstead, and got his freedom in a gold box.

    * The honor of knighthood. — A story is told of this Duke of Richmond's having knighted an inn-keeper, with whose viands he was delighted. We believe it was Charles II. who knighted the rib of the ox, which is now styled a " sir-loin." By whom the "Earon of beef " was ennobled we cannot say.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 97

23. Prison reformer Howard visits Cork, 1737

    Cork · city · Cork · 1737

    The celebrated prison reformer Howard visited Cork on the 18th of June, 1737, though his reforms had not yet improved the sad condition of prisoners in the city. His work was later associated with Sir James Fitzpatrick's tour of Irish prisons in 1786.

    Read the passage

    The labors of the philanthropist Howard had not as yet told favorably on the sad condition of the prisoner. This celebrated philanthropist visited our city on the 18th of June, 1737. He was preceded by Sir James Fitzpatrick in 1786. " Sir James Fitzpatrick, a gentleman of distinguished philanthropy, arrived in this city, after having made a tour through a great part of this kingdom, for the purpose of visiting the prisons. On the 4th [June] he made a minute inspection of the gaols of this city and county, in which he discovered many deficiencies and very great abuses. On the 5th and 6th he was entertained by the mayor and sheriffs, and on the 7th was waited on, at his lodgings, by the * Cork Society for the Belief and Discharge of Confined Debtors,' who presented to him, in elegant binding, the printed account of their proceedings from their first institution, with an address, delivered by their secretary, the Eev. Francis Orpen."

    But our city and county gaols possessed one property, which made compensation, at least to criminals, for most of their ills, it was easy to escape from them. Nothing was more common in those days than 11 breaking prison."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 100

24. Queenstown Yacht Club established January 1860

    Cobh · municipal district · Cork · 1860

    A new club called the Queenstown Yacht Club was established in Queenstown in January 1860. The Admiralty issued a warrant authorizing its vessels to wear the red ensign of Her Majesty's fleet with the club's distinctive marks.

    Read the passage

    A new club, called the Queenstown Yacht Club, was established in Queenstown, in January, 1860. The following is a copy of the Admiralty "Warrant, authorizing the use of the " Eed Ensign of Her Majesty's Fleet":—

    " By the Commissioners for executing the office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, &c.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 214

25. Road widening from Cork to Blackrock, 1808

    near Blackrock · population centre · Cork · 1808

    At the August 1808 assizes, £17 2s 6d was allocated for taking down 188 feet of an old wall to widen the road leading from Cork to Blackrock.

    Read the passage

    Two or three years after this we find the citizens bestirring themselves in the way of improvement. At the assizes, held on the 22nd of August, 1808, the following presentments were passed. " For covering over, and filling, 80 feet in length of Lapp's Island dock, and making sewers, £200 ; for building a well, for the supply of water, near Skiddy-acre Lane, £28, 19s. ; £149, for arching over 112 feet in length of the Watercourse stream ; £13, 5s., for building a fan-arch over part of the Watercourse stream ; £57, 12s. 9d.r for building walls at each side of the ditch from the Mardyke Walk to the ferry opposite Sunday 's- well ; £17 2s. 6d., for taking down 188 feet in length of an old wall, to widen the road leading from Cork to Blackrock ; £500 towards building a new gaol."

    The following presentments were passed at the Spring Assizes for 1815 : — For filling and levelling Warren's Quay, or Lapp's Island dock, £11, 11s. For rebuilding the ferry slip at end of Mardyke, £33, 16s. For changing and repairing the Glanmire Koad, from King Street to the village of Glanmire, £1029, 14s. 6d.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 160

26. South Monastery and Convent educating poor children

    Cork · city · Cork

    In Abbey Street, Cork, the South Monastery and South Convent provide practical education to large numbers of poor children of both sexes. The monastery is under the Christian Brothers with Mr. Townsend as superior.

    Read the passage

    In Dunbar Street, which runs from Douglas Street to George's Quay, is the South Chapel, a large edifice. Here is the Dead Christ, a figure in white marble, by Hogan ; and in Abbey Street, which is a continuation of Douglas Street, are the South Monastery and Presbytery, and the South Convent, in both of which establishments a large number of poor children, of both sexes, receive a most excellent and practical education, fitting them for the after -duties of life.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 172

27. St. Finachan's staff preserved at Mitchelstown

    Mitchelstown · townland · Cork

    Colgan records that Mitchelstown was a bishopric. The Baculus Finachani, or St. Finachan's staff, on which the adjacent country people used to swear, was preserved in this parish. The saint's festival was kept on 25 November.

    Read the passage

    Colgan says this place was a bishopric. The Baculus Finachani, or St. Finachan's staff, "on which the

    * The park, or demesne, contains 1,100 acres, exclusive of wood. It is now in the possession of Michael and Edward O'Brien, Esquires.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 242

28. Whitegate village, fishermen and straw plait industry

    Whitegate · town · Cork

    Whitegate lies on the south side of Cork harbour and contains about one hundred houses, many occupied by fishermen with a clean and cheerful appearance. Straw plait was formerly manufactured there but crochet work has taken its place.

    Read the passage

    But to turn inland. The pretty village of Whitegate lies embayed on the south side of Cork harbour, as we round the peninsula of Cork-beg. It contains about one hundred houses, many of them occupied by fishermen. They have a clean and cheerful appearance. There was a great deal of straw plait manufactured in this village. Crochet work has taken its place, as it has done in a hundred other villages throughout the country. The village of Whitegate is partly in the parish of Cork beg and partly in that of Aghada.

    434 HISTORY OF COBK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 224

29. Cork Library established in 1792

    Cork · city · Cork · 1792

    The Cork Library, located on the corner opposite the Imperial Hotel at Pembroke Street, was established in 1792. It contained a large number of works on general literature, was governed by a committee chosen from subscribers, and charged a guinea per year subscription.

    Read the passage

    THE SOUTH MALL runs at a right angle with the lower, or southern, end of the Parade. The centre of the South Mall was also occupied by a canal — crossed by wooden bridges — which was not arched, or closed in, till 1801. This street contains some fine structures, namely, the Bank of Ireland, the National Bank, the County Club, and the Commercial Building, in connexion with which we have the Imperial Hotel, which occupies the western corner of Pembroke Street. On the opposite corner is the Cork Library. This excellent institution was established in 1792. It contains a large number of works on general literature. It is governed by a committee, chosen from the subscribers. The subscription is a guinea a- year.

    The Protestant Hall arose out of the refusal to allow Father Gavazzi to lecture on Roman Catholicism in the Cork Atheneeum. The site of the hall is situated on a piece of ground to the rere of the houses afrthe south side of the South Mall, from which it has an entrance opposite Cook Street. It has also an entrance from Queen Street, immediately to the rere of Father Mathew's chapel. The hall is 98 feet long by 45 feet wide, in the clear of walls, and 36 feet high from floor to ceiling. It is lighted from the sides and end by large semi-circular headed windows, finished internally with pilasters and rich dressings. The piers between the windows are occupied by coupled Corinthian pilasters, which support a rich cornice and entablature, having breaks over the pilasters, running

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 165

30. Exchange and Tholsel on Golden Castle site, Cork

    South Main Street · street · Cork

    The Exchange and Tholsel stood at the point of division between North and South Main Streets until March 1837, occupying the site of the Golden Castle erected by the Roches. The corporation still paid a rent of £20 to the Roche representative of Traboligan.

    Read the passage

    * Properly one street. " Forming the point of division between those streets, until March, 1 837, stood the Exchange and Tholsel. This building occupied th« site of the " Golden Castle," erected by the Roches, to whose representative, Ed. B. Roche, Esq., of Trabolgan, the corporation still pay a rent of £20."— Winders Historical Notices, p. 17.

    313

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 160

31. John Brice's deposition at Cahirduggan

    Caherduggan · townland · Cork · 1642

    John Brice, a tailor from Cahirduggan in County Cork, gave a deposition concerning events around the 11th during the 1642 rising, recorded in the manuscript volumes of depositions concerning murders and robberies committed in County Cork.

    Read the passage

    Mr. Clayton's castle, near Mallow, was taken — after some hard fighting — and its garrison, of twenty-four men, put to the sword. Mr. Bettesworth's house was also seized, and the royal confederate troops quartered there. In one of the four manuscript volumes of " Depositions, concerning the Murders and Robberies Committed in the County of Cork" now deposited in Trinity College Library, we find Mr. Bettesworth stating his losses at £2,279. William Kingsmill, of Ballybeg, deposes that he lost property to the amount of £7,242 12s. Id'. James Baldwin, of Ballyhay, in the barony of Fermoy, who makes his mark, I. B., lost to the value of £58 8s. " John Brice, of Cahirduggan, in the county of Cork, taylour, deposeth and saith, that on or about the llth

    * The other cattle — the ruins of which stand on the banks of the Blackwater, within Sir Denham Norrejs' demesne. This noble pile was raised by one of the Earls of Desmond.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 33

32. Lord Lieutenant receives freedom of Cork in a gold box (1781)

    Cork · city · Cork · 1781–1784

    The Lord Lieutenant received the freedom of Cork in a golden box as an honorary member of the guild of bakers. In January 1781 the freedom was presented in a gold box to the Lord Lieutenant and in a silver box to his secretary; in December 1784 it was voted to the Duke of Rutland and Sir Alexander Schomberg.

    Read the passage

    There was nothing more common in those days than for these guilds to bestow the freedom of the city upon persons who had no title or qualification for such a privilege. This was done by one of the guilds electing the honored individual as a member. The Lord Lieutenant * visits our city, and receives its freedom

    * The Lord Lieutenant.— January 28th, 1781. "The freedom of the city was presented to the Lord Lieutenant in a gold box, and to his secretary in a silver box." Dec. 30, 1784. The freedom of the city was voted to the Duke of Rutland

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 97

33. Sarsfield Court castle ruins and Quaker Richard Pike's lost custodium

    near Sarsfield Court · street · Cork · 1655

    A castle called Sarsfield Court, in the parish of Rathcooney about 1.5 miles north of Glanmire, had only its four walls remaining by the 1860s. Richard Pike, an early Cork Quaker, held a custodium on the property but lost it after joining the Friends around 1655.

    Read the passage

    * Sarsfield Court. Nothing more than the four -walls of this court or castle remain- It is on the property of Charles Putland, Esq., in the parish of Rathcoo&ey, about one mile and a half to the north of the village of Glanmire, in this county.

    122 HISTORY OP COKE.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 64

34. South Gaol debtors reduced to drinking salt water, 1782

    Cork · city · Cork · 1782

    In November 1782, debtors confined in Cork's south gaol publicly complained through the Cork newspapers that their pumps had been dry for months, forcing them to drink salt water and causing illness. They appealed to the managers of the pipe water supply for relief.

    Read the passage

    The condition of Cork prisons in the latter part of the eighteenth century, was not such as to reconcile a debtor to the loss of his personal liberty. It was not till the year 1775 that a second door was opened in the south gaol, to separate the debtors from the criminals. The debtors in the south gaol complained, through the medium of the Cork papers, as late as November, 1782, that they were reduced to the necessity of drinking salt water : — " The debtors in the south gaol were reduced to the necessity of drinking salt water very often for the last three months, their pumps being for a long time dry, and many of them

    no borrowed gown, or in default, be censured and amerced or excluded from his degree of councillor until he should buy a gown de novo.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 100

35. Treason among soldiers at Cork harbour

    near Cork Harbour · estuary · Cork

    On the trial of Peter Shea of Cork it emerged that he and others had attempted to seduce the crews of the Venerable and Ajax men-of-war, stationed in Cork harbour, into treasonable practices. Treason was reported as rife in the army as well as among civilians during this period.

    Read the passage

    » In the army. It came out on the trial of Peter Shea, of Cork, that he and others had endeavoured to seduce the crew of the Venerable and Ajax men-ofwar, stationed in Cork harbour.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 129

36. True Blue of Cork infantry enrolled 1745

    Cork · city · Cork · 1745–1782

    The True Blue of Cork volunteer infantry, enrolled as early as 1745, comprised four companies including grenadier, battalion, and light companies. Colonel Richard, Earl of Shannon commanded by 1782, with multiple captains and lieutenants.

    Read the passage

    TRUE BLUE OF CORK. Enrolled 1745. Force : 4 companies ; 1 gren., 2 bat., 1 light. Uniform : blue, laced silver; white buttons. Officers in 1782 — Colonel, Ei chard, Earl Shannon; Lieut.-Colonels, Godfrey Baker and James Morrison; Major, Michael Eoberts Westrop; Captains, St. Leger Atkins, John Thompson, Francis Gray, and Eichard Perry ; Lieutenants, Jasper Lucas and Charles Denroche ; Chaplain, William Jephson ; Surgeon, Davies, M.D. ; Secretary, John Terry.

    CoRKBoYNE. Enrolled 1776. Force: 4 companies; 1 gren., 2 bat., 1 light. Uniform : blue, faced blue ; yellow buttons, gold epaulets and lace. Officers in 1782 — Colonel, John Bagwell; Lieut. -Colonel, Hugh Lawton ; Major, John Bass ; Captains, Arthur Connel, Thomas Chatterton, James Chatterton, and Daniel

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 116

37. Union of St. Nicholas's parish, Cork

    Cork · city · Cork

    An act provided for uniting several parishes lacking a church to St. Nicholas's parish in Cork, making the chancellor of the cathedral the rector of the newly united parish. St. Bridget's parish, previously the corps of the chancellorship, was absorbed into this arrangement.

    Read the passage

    nick's, had there no church to resort to for the public worship of God, for remedy whereof it was enacted, that the Bishop of Cork, with the approbation of the archbishop, and consent of the dean and chapter, and a majority of the inhabitants of the said parishes, might, at a vestry in St. Nicholas's church, unite said parishes to St. Nicholas's parish for ever, provided, however, as the parish of St. Bridget was then the corps of the chancellorship of the cathedral, that the united parish of St. Nicholas should ever thereafter be deemed and construed to be the corps of the chancellorship of same, and that the chancellor of the cathedral should be deemed and become, to all intents and purposes whatsoever, the rector and minister of said united and newly erected parish of St. Nicholas.

    The Catholic faith and worship were advancing as fast as the Protestant religion was declining : —

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 103

38. Walls from Mardyke Walk to Sunday's-Well ferry, 1808

    near Sunday's Well · population centre · Cork · 1808–1815

    At the August 1808 assizes, £57 12s 9d was granted for building walls on each side of the ditch from the Mardyke Walk to the ferry opposite Sunday's-Well. The ferry slip at the end of Mardyke was rebuilt with £33 16s in 1815.

    Read the passage

    Two or three years after this we find the citizens bestirring themselves in the way of improvement. At the assizes, held on the 22nd of August, 1808, the following presentments were passed. " For covering over, and filling, 80 feet in length of Lapp's Island dock, and making sewers, £200 ; for building a well, for the supply of water, near Skiddy-acre Lane, £28, 19s. ; £149, for arching over 112 feet in length of the Watercourse stream ; £13, 5s., for building a fan-arch over part of the Watercourse stream ; £57, 12s. 9d.r for building walls at each side of the ditch from the Mardyke Walk to the ferry opposite Sunday 's- well ; £17 2s. 6d., for taking down 188 feet in length of an old wall, to widen the road leading from Cork to Blackrock ; £500 towards building a new gaol."

    The following presentments were passed at the Spring Assizes for 1815 : — For filling and levelling Warren's Quay, or Lapp's Island dock, £11, 11s. For rebuilding the ferry slip at end of Mardyke, £33, 16s. For changing and repairing the Glanmire Koad, from King Street to the village of Glanmire, £1029, 14s. 6d.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 160

39. Youghal churchyard: ancient grandmother tombstone

    Youghal · town · Cork

    The churchyard of St Mary's, Youghal, contains some noble trees and old grey tombstones. One of the oldest stones bears an inscription recording the burial of two grandmothers, Maidin Nams, Fox, and Chub.

    Read the passage

    The churchyard is an interesting spot, and contains some noble trees and old grey tombstones. One of the oldest stones bears this inscription : —

    " HERE LYETH THE BODIES OP MY TWO GRANDMOTHERS, MAIDIN NAMS, FOX AND CHUB."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 238

40. Youghal ferry-boat disaster (1616)

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1616

    On Holyrood day, September 14, 1616, the ferry-boat of Youghal was cast away and about thirty persons drowned, according to Lord Cork's Diary.

    Read the passage

    • Ferry. — " Hollyrood day the ferry-boat of Youghal was cast away, and about thirty persons drowned."— Lord Corks Diary, Sept 14, 1616.

    VOL. ii. 30

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 236

41. Aghada, name marking site of a battle

    Aghada · townland · Cork

    Aghada, whose name signifies belonging to a fight or battle, is a small village about a mile and a half from Whitegate. River steamers stop at Aghada pier, improving property values with connections to Cork, Cloyne and Ballycotton.

    Read the passage

    Aghada, which name * seems to mark the site of a battle, is about a mile and a half from Whitegate. The village is small, but the great facilities afforded by river steamers — which stop at Aghada pier — for travelling to Cork, and by cars to Cloyne and Ballycotton, is improving the value of property in this part of the harbour. Some good houses and pretty cottages are springing up along the shore.

    Adjoining Aghada is the village of Farsit. Mr. Windele, in his " Historical Notices," says, " It formerly gave name to the whole harbour, which, in early times, was called Beala-far-sid, i.e., the ford of the man of Sidon, a name clearly indicating one of those early settlements of the Phoenician navigators, known in later times as Cuthites or Scots."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 224

42. Ballycotton fishing village and lighthouse

    Ballycotton · town · Cork

    Ballycotton is a fishing village about four miles from Cloyne on the south-western shore of St. George's Channel. Its harbour is protected by two islands at its entrance, one crowned with a fine lighthouse, and the town derives its name from an outer rock called the Cotton.

    Read the passage

    miles from Cloyne, on the south-western shore of St. George's channel. The harbour would be, like Cork, a " Static bene fida carinis," if the two islands at its entrance were united to each other, and to the main land. One of these islands is crowned with a fine lighthouse. There is an island, or rock, further out, called the Cotton, from which, of course, we have Ballycotton.

    The town is becoming the resort, in summer, of seabathers, many of whom are satisfied to reside in the cabins of fishermen, which are fitted up for their temporary accommodation.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 231

43. Camden Fort: sea-battery planned for expansion

    Camden Fort · man-made feature · Cork

    Camden Fort was a sea-battery of 12 heavy guns on the Cork Harbour coast. The land side was to be remodelled with about 30 additional guns mounted, significantly increasing its defensive capacity.

    Read the passage

    Camden Eort is a sea-battery of 12 heavy guns. The land side is to be remodelled, and about 30 additional guns mounted. Carlisle is a battery of 20 guns, and is to have 30 more. There was here, in Smith's time, the remains of a large regular fortification, with

    * Westmoreland battery was erected by Colonel, afterwards General, Vallancey, in 1791 , The barracks were erected in 1806.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 220

44. Castlehaven captures Munster towns

    Liscarroll · town · Cork · 1645

    The Earl of Castlehaven re-entered County Cork in early 1645 with 5,000 foot and 1,000 horse, taking Liscarroll, Mallow, Doneraile, Mitchelstown and other places in a rapid campaign.

    Read the passage

    The Earl of Castlehaven re-entered this county in the beginning of 1645, at the head of 5,000 foot and

    84 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 46

45. Clonmel parish church near Queenstown

    Clonmel · parish · Cork

    About a mile from Queenstown stood the parish church of Clonmel, accompanied by a decent parsonage house, in an area otherwise inhabited by seamen and revenue officers.

    Read the passage

    bited by seamen and revenue officers." A mile from it is the parish church of Clonmel, with a decent parsonage house. Thomas G. French, of Marino, probably the oldest inhabitant of the island, informs me that, with the exception of a part of the old Admiralty house, all the rest of Queenstown has been built since 1799. He speaks of an old inn called the " Antigal licon, a wooden house standing on the beech, into which the sea flowed during high tides, covering the floor with sea- weed, instead of rushes or a Brussel's carpet." Think of this and then look at the Queen's hotel. It was near this spot the queen landed, on her visit to Cork, in 1849. Some poet says that flowers Spring up where angels tread. This town is advancing with a queenly step, and assuming the dignity and port of the socer et conjux of Kingston. This is to be attributed to its beautiful scenery, mild and sheltered position, and the great facilities of travelling both by water and railroad from Cork to Queenstown. The Queenstown branch of the Cork and Youghal railway, now nearly finished, will increase these facilities, if it has not the effect of inducing the inhabitants of Cork to go farther, and explore the beauties of the Blackwater, from Youghal to Lismore.

    The average population of Queenstown is about 10,000. There is a line of houses running along the beach, but they are built, for the most part, like Clifton, on the side of the hill. There is a Protestant, a Catholic, a Presbyterian, and a Methodist place of worship in the town. The Presbyterian Church is a pretty object when viewed from a distance. Queenstown has a Sailors' Home — the number who entered

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 215

46. Cork Boyne volunteer infantry enrolled 1776

    Cork · city · Cork · 1776–1782

    The Cork Boyne volunteer infantry was enrolled in 1776 with four companies. Colonel John Bagwell and Lieut.-Colonel Hugh Lawton commanded by 1782, with captains including Arthur Connel and Daniel McCarthy.

    Read the passage

    CoRKBoYNE. Enrolled 1776. Force: 4 companies; 1 gren., 2 bat., 1 light. Uniform : blue, faced blue ; yellow buttons, gold epaulets and lace. Officers in 1782 — Colonel, John Bagwell; Lieut. -Colonel, Hugh Lawton ; Major, John Bass ; Captains, Arthur Connel, Thomas Chatterton, James Chatterton, and Daniel

    McCarthy ; Lieutenants, Kearns, Eobert Travers,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 116

47. Cork city walls deemed useless and costly by citizens' petition

    Cork · city · Cork · 1690

    The citizens of Cork petitioned that the city walls, standing in tidewater, were of no defensive strength against an army and were merely a charge to the corporation. Governors since the 1690 siege had permitted openings in the walls for gates in several places.

    Read the passage

    "That the tide ebbs and flows around the said city, and the said walls, as they now stand, are of no defence, but a charge to your petitioners, and that the ground next, without the said

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 88

48. Cork corporation purchases Pipe Water Trustees shares

    Cork · city · Cork · 1856–1861

    Under the authority of the 1856 act, the Cork corporation purchased the shares of the Pipe Water Trustees and began levying a public water rate. By 1861 the City Treasurer reported the corporation in a flourishing condition with abundant pure water supplied on economical terms.

    Read the passage

    It was by the authority of this act that the corporation purchased the shares of the Pipe Water Trustees, and now levies a public or domestic water rate. St. Patrick's bridge is in course of erection, but we hear nothing as yet of the removal of the Northgate bridge ; but Eome was not built in a day, and much has been done of late years by the corporation for the improvement of the city. The following is the sum total of the receipts of the various departments of the corporation, from 1st September, 1859, to 1860 : —

    Borough Fund, £12798 12 7

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 206

49. Cork described as haven royal in 1570

    Cork · city · Cork · 1570

    Hollinshed described Cork in 1570 as the fourth city in Ireland, calling it a 'haven royal, happily planted on the sea.' Camden described it as egg-shaped, with the river flowing round and between it, passable only by bridges, lying out in length as one direct broad street.

    Read the passage

    Hollinshed describes Cork in 1570, as the fourth city in Ireland. It ranks now among the first three, and if there be any truth in the following prophecy, is destined to take the first place : —

    " Limerick was, Dublin is, but Cork will be The greatest city of the three."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 158

50. Cove (Queenstown) as small fishing village in 1786

    Cobh · municipal district · Cork · 1786

    Queenstown, formerly called Cove, was a small village in 1786 consisting of a few huts inhabited by fishermen, pilots, and tide-waiters. This describes the humble origins of what became a significant harbour town in Cork harbour.

    Read the passage

    Queenstown, formerly Cove, was a small village in 1786, consisting of a few huts inhabited by fishermen, pilots, and tide-waiters. Smith says, " Cove is inha-

    * Honorary members. " That the Admiral on the Queenstown Station, his Flag Lieutenant, Secretary, and the Captain of the Flag Ship at Queenstown, be ex-officio honorary memhers of the Club, without payment of subscription ; also, the General Commanding the Cork District, his Aide-de-Camp, the Assistant- Adjutant General, and Assistant Quarter-Master General."— Rules.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 214

51. Dripsey paper mills

    Dripsey · town · Cork

    On the river Dripsey, paper mills were established that manufactured paper of a very superior quality. The mills represent an important local industrial site in the area.

    Read the passage

    To the east of Macroom is the old castle of Carrigadrohid, before the walls of which Lord Broghill hung the Catholic Bishop of Ross. It is now in ruins. It was built by the Mac Carthys in the fourteenth century, who committed it to the keeping of the O'Learys. To the east, the village of Coachford ; to the north-east of Coachford, in the parish of Magourney, are the ruins of Carrig-na-muck Castle, belonging to the Mac Carthys- In the same parish are the ruins of the old church of Kilcoleman, and on the river Dripsey, the Dripsey paper mills. The paper manufactured here * is of a very superior quality.

    Further east the Lee unites its waters with the Bride, near the old church at Inniscarra. It was in this district that Hugh O'Neill met the assembled Irish chieftains in 1600, and installed the gigantic Florence Mac Carthy as the Mac Carthy More.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 251

52. Duncan Street and Grattan Street, former fashionable quarter

    Grattan Street · street · Cork

    Duncan Street (Grattan Street) was once an important thoroughfare and the fashionable end of Cork, now principally occupied by cabinet-makers. The old Mayoralty House stands here, used as a hospital, and the Quakers have a meeting house in the street. The tide of population and business no longer extends west of Duncan Street.

    Read the passage

    Duncan Street or Grattan Street, which runs parallel with the North Main Street, was at one time an important thoroughfare. It is now principally occupied by cabinet-makers. The Quakers have a nice meeting house in this street. The tide of population and the hum of business do not extend west of Duncan Street. Here was once the fashionable end of the town. Here we still have the old Mayoralty House, which is used as an hospital. Here — on Grenville, Place — Doctor

    316 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 161

53. Father Eustace Maguire defended Dromagh Castle near Kanturk

    Dromagh · townland · Cork

    Father Eustace Maguire, a warlike member of the Dominican fraternity, defended the castle of Dromagh, near Kanturk. The text notes his military role in connection with this fortified site.

    Read the passage

    Father Eustace Maguire, who defended the castle of Dromagh, near Kanturk, was a warlike member of this fraternity.

    James II., who came to Cork from Kinsale in 1689, lodged in the old island house. It was deserted by the brethren on the accession of William, Prince of Orange, and used as a residence by the mayor or governor of Cork. It afterwards became the town mansion of the Earl of Inchiquin. This family pos-

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 188

54. Felon escape over Wandesford's Bridge, Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1791

    A felon confined in the county gaol rushed out when the latch was opened and ran towards Hanover Street over Wandesford's Bridge. The turnkey overtook him, and the felon snapped a pistol twice which missed fire, leading to his apprehension.

    Read the passage

    "Feb. 27th, 1791. A felon, confined in the county gaol, rushed out, when the latch was opened, and ran towards Hanover Street, over Wandesford's Bridge, where the turnkey overtook him ; upon this the villain

    198 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 101

55. Forfeited church property at Rosscarbery let to Captain Freke

    Ross Carbery · town · Cork

    According to Dive Dowries' Diary, the site of Sir Emanuel Moore's house and various gardens, houses, and cabins in Rosscarbery, along with several ploughlands in the diocese of Ross, were let to Captain Freke following the Book of Survey of County Cork.

    Read the passage

    " The site of Sir Emanuel Moore's house, with all the gardens, houses and cabins, in or belonging to the town of Rosscarbery, in the barony of the East Carbery, and county and diocese of Ross, let to Captain Freke, in the said Book of Survey of the county of Cork, in the hands of the treasurer of said county.

    acrs. rds. prs.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 262

    As the companion tells it

    You're coming through Ross Carbery in County Cork. The site of Sir Emanuel Moore's house, with all the gardens, houses and cabins in the town, was let to Captain Freke under the Book of Survey of County Cork. The property sat in the barony of East Carbery, in the diocese of Ross, and was held by the treasurer of the county.

56. Housing decline in Cork's East Riding

    Cork · city · Cork · 1841–1851

    The number of houses in the East Riding of Cork fell from 72,946 in 1841 to 54,902 in 1851, with unoccupied houses rising from 2,260 to 3,885. The decrease in housing was largely confined to the countryside.

    Read the passage

    The number of houses* in the East Biding, in 1841, was 72,946, of which 2,260 were unoccupied. In 1851 the number was reduced to 54,902, of which 3,885 were unoccupied. The number of houses in the West Biding, in 1841, was 52,373, of which 1,397 were unoccupied. In 1851 the number was reduced to 36,136, of which 2,847 were unoccupied. I expect the census of 1861 will shew a decrease in the number of occupied houses. This decrease, in houses and population, is altogether confined to the country, for in the towns there has been a small increase, f

    But, notwithstanding the great decrease, there is reason to believe that even still the Irish labor market is overcrowded, that the supply is greater than the demand. In 1831, out of a population of 1,867,765 males, 20 years of age, 1,277,054 were classed as agriculturalists. We learn from the letter of Mr. Stanley, published by Mr. Nicholls, in his Second Irish Poor Law Beport, in October, 1837, that in some parts of Ireland, the labourer was employed on an average but 24 days in the year ; in other places 36 days ; in others 90 days; in some 160; in Louth it was 210 ; and in Antrim the majority of the labourers were employed the greater part of the year. I am in possession of returns which shew that before the famine, labourers in and about towns in this county were employed on an average but three days in the week, and

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 272

    As the companion tells it

    As the road passes through Cork, the figures from the East Riding tell a stark story. In 1841 there were 72,946 houses, of which 2,260 stood empty. By 1851 the number had fallen to 54,902, with 3,885 unoccupied. The West Riding tells a similar tale: 52,373 houses in 1841, falling to 36,136 in 1851, with empty houses rising from 1,397 to 2,847. The writer expected the census of 1861 to show a further decrease in occupied houses. This decline in houses and population was altogether confined to the country. In the towns, there had been a small increase. Yet even after this great fall, there was reason to believe the Irish labour market remained overcrowded, supply greater than demand. In 1831, out of a population of 1,867,765 males aged 20 and over, 1,277,054 were classed as agriculturalists. A letter from Mr. Stanley, published by Mr. Nicholls in his Second Irish Poor Law Report in October 1837, reported that in some parts of Ireland the labourer was employed on average but 24 days in the year. In other places it was 36 days, in others 90, in some 160. In Louth it was 210, and in Antrim the majority of labourers were employed the greater part of the year. Returns showed that before the famine, labourers in and about towns in this county were employed on average but three days in the week.

57. James Baldwin's losses at Ballyhay

    Ballyhay · townland · Cork · 1642

    James Baldwin of Ballyhay, in the barony of Fermoy, made his mark on a deposition recording losses to the value of £58 8s. during the 1642 rising in County Cork.

    Read the passage

    Mr. Clayton's castle, near Mallow, was taken — after some hard fighting — and its garrison, of twenty-four men, put to the sword. Mr. Bettesworth's house was also seized, and the royal confederate troops quartered there. In one of the four manuscript volumes of " Depositions, concerning the Murders and Robberies Committed in the County of Cork" now deposited in Trinity College Library, we find Mr. Bettesworth stating his losses at £2,279. William Kingsmill, of Ballybeg, deposes that he lost property to the amount of £7,242 12s. Id'. James Baldwin, of Ballyhay, in the barony of Fermoy, who makes his mark, I. B., lost to the value of £58 8s. " John Brice, of Cahirduggan, in the county of Cork, taylour, deposeth and saith, that on or about the llth

    * The other cattle — the ruins of which stand on the banks of the Blackwater, within Sir Denham Norrejs' demesne. This noble pile was raised by one of the Earls of Desmond.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 33

58. Lord Shannon's residence at Castlemartyr

    Castlemartyr · townland · Cork · 1799

    Lord Shannon's residence at Castlemartyr served as the location from which the Marquis Cornwallis wrote a letter on 22 August 1799 to the Protestant Archbishop of Cashel, urging a county meeting in Tipperary to support the Act of Union. The archbishop initially refused to sign the requisition but reversed course after receiving Cornwallis's letter from Castlemartyr.

    Read the passage

    It was from Lord Shannon's -residence, in Castlemartyr, that the marquis wrote the following letter to the Protestant Archbishop of Cashel : —

    " Castlemartyr, Aug. 22nd, 1799. " MY DEAR LORD,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 138

59. Loyal Newberry Musqueteers enrolled 1777

    Newberry · townland · Cork · 1777–1782

    The Loyal Newberry Musqueteers were enrolled in 1777 with two companies of grenadier and light infantry. Colonel Adam Newman and Major John Newman commanded by 1782, with captains Richard and George Foot.

    Read the passage

    LOYAL NEWBERRY MUSQUETEERS. Enrolled 1777. Force : 2 companies ; 1 grenadier, 1 light. Uniform : scarlet, faced black. Officers in 1782— Colonel, Adam Newman; Major, John Newman; Captains, Eichard Foot and George Foot ; Lieutenants, James Lombard and Edmund Lombard ; Chaplain, Henry Newman.

    CORK UNION. Enrolled 1776. Force : 4 companies; 1 grenadier, 2 battalion, 1 light. Uniform:

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 116

60. Portrait of James Roche in the Cork Athenaeum

    Cork · city · Cork

    A portrait of James Roche, a leading Cork banker and President of the Cork Institution, painted by Mr. James Brennan, is displayed in the Cork Athenaeum. Roche was known for his literary pursuits and critical essays.

    Read the passage

    * Mr. James Eoche was, for many years, a leading banter of Cork ; but found time for literary pursuits, as is evinced by his two volumes of " Critical Essays," contributed to the Dublin Review, and the Gentleman's Magazine. He was President of the Cork Institution. His death occurred about the 1st of April, 1853. His picture, by Mr. James Brennan, of this city, adorns the walls of the Cork Athenaeum.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 133