Name: The history of the county and city of Cork (vol. 2)
Author: Charles Bernard Gibson

General Barry's forces hover about Cork

During the 1642 rebellion, General Barry's Irish forces hovered about Cork while other portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, threatening Lord Broghill's position.

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Temple says, that while the Irish remained about Mallow they consumed no less than 50,000, others say 100,000, sheep, and a great quantity of other cattle, the property of the English. General Barry hovered for spme time about Cork, while other portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, which was under the care of Lord Broghill, the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. He writes his father thus : —
" MY MOST NOBLE LORD,

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 35

As the companion tells it

In 1642 General Barry's forces hovered about Cork. Other parts of the Irish army advanced on Lismore, under Lord Broghill, the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. He wrote to his father: "My most noble lord." Temple says while the Irish remained about Mallow they consumed no less than 50,000 sheep, others say 100,000, and a great quantity of other cattle, the property of the English.

Glandore Castle built by Barrett in 1215

near Glandore · population centre · Cork · 1215

Two miles west of Rosscarbery lies the small harbour of Glandore, around which pleasant seats were springing up. The ruins of Glandore Castle, built by Barrett in 1215, stand on the heights above the harbour.

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and adds, "near it, at Bally venine, are the ruins of the largest house in Carbery, erected by Sir William Coppinger," Two miles west, is the small but excellent harbour of Glandore, on the heights around which a number of pleasant seats are springing up. Here are the ruins of Glandore Castle, built by Barrett in 1215.
To the west of Glandore harbour is the parish of Myross, in Irish, Gardha, " a garden," — for the land is very good — and the village of Union Hall. There are extensive ruins in this parish, at Carrigillihy, supposed to belong to the Abbey de Sancto Mauro, founded, some say, by Diarmid Mac Carthy, King of Cork, for Cistercian monks. In this parish is Bawnlahan, one of the houses of O'Donovan, of Castle Donovan, chief of that ancient family — " a worthy and courteous gentleman," writes Smith. This is the O'Donovan mentioned in the keen composed for Sir Richard Cox.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 263

As the companion tells it

As the road comes through Glandore in Cork, you are passing a small harbour with ruins on the heights above it. Two miles west of Rosscarbery, this harbour opened up, and pleasant seats have been springing up around the heights. On those heights stand the ruins of Glandore Castle, built by Barrett in 1215. Near it, at Bally venine, are the ruins of the largest house in Carbery, erected by Sir William Coppinger. West of the harbour lies the parish of Myross, in Irish Gardha, meaning a garden, for the land is very good, and the village of Union Hall. Extensive ruins at Carrigillihy are supposed to belong to the Abbey de Sancto Mauro, founded, some say, by Diarmid Mac Carthy, King of Cork, for Cistercian monks. In that parish is Bawnlahan, one of the houses of O'Donovan of Castle Donovan, chief of that ancient family. Smith calls him a worthy and courteous gentleman, and this is the O'Donovan mentioned in the keen composed for Sir Richard Cox.

John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald's purchase of Cork-beg confirmed by James I

Corkbeg · townland · Cork · 1591–1608

John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald of Cloyne purchased Cork-beg from William Condon in 1591, and the purchase was confirmed by James I in 1608. Fitzedmond was a member of the 1585 Dublin parliament at which the Earl of Desmond's vast estates were confiscated, and he protested against the wholesale confiscation.

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Opposite the mouth of Carrigaline River, and near Carlisle Fort, is Cork-beg, or Little Cork. Cork-beg is a pretty little peninsula, mentioned in old documents as an island. It originally belonged to the Condons, who were buried here. Near the modern mansion of Mr. Penrose Fitzgerald,* are remains of an old castle built by the Condons in 1396. William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald, of Cloyne, in 1591. The purchase of Cork-beg, together with Aghada and other places, was confirmed to John Fitzedmond by James I., in 1608. This Fitzedmond Fitzgerald was, with Sir John Norris and William De Cogan, a member of the parliament assembled in Dublin in 1585, at which the vast estates of the Earl of Desmond were confiscated. He protested (as we have shown, vol. i., p. 271) against the wholesale con-
* Penrose Fitzgerald. — The proper surname is Penrose. James Penrose, of Woodhill, the grandfather of the present proprietor, married Miss Fitzgerald, the daughter of Colonel Fitzgerald, of Cork-beg, through whom the property descended to the Penroses.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 222

As the companion tells it

Close to Corkbeg lies a pretty little peninsula, called Cork-beg or Little Cork, mentioned in old documents as an island. It originally belonged to the Condons, who were buried here. Remains of an old castle built by the Condons in 1396 stand near the modern mansion of Mr. Penrose Fitzgerald. William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald of Cloyne in 1591. The purchase of Cork-beg, together with Aghada and other places, was confirmed to John Fitzedmond by James I in 1608. This Fitzedmond Fitzgerald was, with Sir John Norris and William De Cogan, a member of the parliament assembled in Dublin in 1585, at which the vast estates of the Earl of Desmond were confiscated. He protested against the wholesale confiscation.

Plunder of Cork after breach of walls

Cork · city · Cork · 1690

After Cork fell, seamen and loose persons entered the city through the breach and plundered many houses. The Earl of Marlborough and Scravenmore entered once the bridge was mended and took pains to preserve the city from further damage.

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Although there was no massacre of the Irish, there was plunder, the inevitable consequence of taking a city like Cork. " In the morning," continues Dean Davies, " many seamen, and other loose persons, entered the city through the breach, and other places, and plundered many houses, especially of property.
" As soon as the bridge could be mended the Earl of Marlborough and Scravenmore entered, and took much

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 83

As the companion tells it

Cork fell in 1690. No massacre followed, but plunder did. Dean Davies wrote that in the morning, "many seamen, and other loose persons, entered the city through the breach, and other places, and plundered many houses, especially of property." Once the bridge was mended, the Earl of Marlborough and Scravenmore entered, and took pains to preserve the city from further damage.

Protestant Hall built on South Mall, Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1860–1861

The Protestant Hall was designed by architect Richard R. Brash at an estimated cost of £4,000. Its foundation stone was laid by the Earl of Bandon on St. Patrick's Day, 1860, and he opened it on 12 April 1861.

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round the building. The ceiling is flat in the centre and covered in the angles. It is divided into panels by enriched stiles answering to the coupled pilasters. Over the entrance hall, at the South Mall side, will be a reading-room, 30 feet by 19 feet; a lecture-room, 45 feet by 19 feet; a registry-office, 25 feet by 19 feet; and three committee-rooms, with keeper's apartments. The entire cost is estimated at £4,000. The body of the hall only is at present finished. Mr. Eichard E. Brash, of this city, is the architect of this beautiful building, upon whose genius and useful practicable ability it reflects the highest honor. The foundation stone of the Protestant Hall was laid by the Eight Hon. the Earl of Bandon, on St. Patrick's Day, 1860, and opened by him on the 12th of April, 1861.
OLD GEORGE'S STREET is long, but it has nothing to boast of in breadth or style of houses. It contains an Independent Chapel,* a theatre, and a very respectable hotel. George's Street is a continuation of Tuckey Street ; it runs from the Parade to the Custom House. It is intersected at right angles by Princes Street, Marlboro' Street, t Cook Street, and Warren's Place. The Custom House stands in the fork of the river, which here divides itself in two, sweeping round our island city : —

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 166

As the companion tells it

Cork has a building called the Protestant Hall, put up on South Mall. The architect was Richard R. Brash, a man of this city, and the entire cost was estimated at £4,000. The Right Honourable the Earl of Bandon laid the foundation stone on Saint Patrick's Day, 1860, and he opened the hall on the 12th of April, 1861. Inside, the ceiling is flat in the centre and covered in the angles. It is divided into panels by enriched stiles answering to the coupled pilasters. Over the entrance hall, at the South Mall side, will be a reading-room, 30 feet by 19 feet, a lecture-room, 45 feet by 19 feet, a registry-office, 25 feet by 19 feet, and three committee-rooms, with keeper's apartments. At the time of the account, only the body of the hall was finished. The book calls it a beautiful building, and says that upon Brash's genius and useful practicable ability it reflects the highest honour.

Rebel rising between Bandon and Clonakilty, 1798

Bandon · town · Cork · 1798

Lord Cornwallis reported an inconsiderable rising between Bandon and Clonakilty during 1798, the object of which was reportedly to rescue prisoners. The rebels were soon routed and dispersed.

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But 1798, as far as this county was concerned, went off without any remarkable outbreak or rebel demonstration. This, at least, is the testimony of the Marquis Cornwallis, who, in writing to the Duke of Portland, says, " There has been an inconsiderable rising between Bandon and Clonakilty, but the rebels were soon routed and dispersed. I have heard that the object [of the
248 HISTORY OF CORK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 130

As the companion tells it

In 1798, Cork saw no remarkable outbreak, according to the Marquis Cornwallis. Writing to the Duke of Portland, he reported an inconsiderable rising between Bandon and Clonakilty. The rebels were soon routed and dispersed. He had heard that the object was to rescue prisoners.

Skibbereen-Bantry mail robbed by black-faced attackers

Skibbereen · town · Cork · 1808

In June 1808, the post-boy conveying mail from Skibbereen to Bantry was attacked by two men with blackened faces. The post-boy was severely ill-treated and the mail was robbed.

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"A.D. 1808, June 30th.— The post-boy who was conveying the mails from Skibbereen to Bantry, was attacked by two men with their faces blackened, and robbed of the mail, after being severely ill-treated."
The next incident is more thrilling : —

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 148

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Skibbereen. In June 1808, the post-boy carrying the mail from Skibbereen to Bantry was attacked by two men with their faces blackened. They robbed him of the mail, after severely ill-treating him.

St. John Charitable Asylum in Douglas Street

Douglas Street · street · Cork

An old desolate house in Douglas Street, Cork, serves as the St. John Charitable Asylum for aged and destitute poor men, where three poor men reside. It is linked to the charitable tradition of the knights of St. John of Jerusalem.

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* The knights of St. John of Jerusalem. These charitable institutions hare extraordinary vitality about them. There still exists in Douglas Street, the St. John Charitable Asylum, for aged and destitute poor men. It is an old desolate house, where three poor men reside.
f " Dominick Sarsfield, mayor of the city of Cork, and prior of the hospital of St. Stephen, without the South gate of the said city, pursuant to an order lately made in the common council of the said city, authorized Michael Gould, of the city of Cork, gent., as his attorney, to recover from John Cornisk, and others, the lessees and tenants of the lands and tenements belonging to the said hospital, to the use and in trust for the Reverend Fathers of the Society of Jesus, living in the said city, the sum of three -score pounds sterling, yearly, to commence from the 25th day of March last, and to continue as in the said order of council is settled."

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 171

As the companion tells it

St. John Charitable Asylum on Douglas Street in Cork shelters aged and destitute poor men. 3 poor men live there now, in a desolate house. The place carries a charitable tradition linked to the knights of St. John of Jerusalem. Earlier in that tradition, Dominick Sarsfield, mayor of Cork and prior of the hospital of St. Stephen outside the South Gate of the city, acted on an order from the common council. He authorized Michael Gould of Cork, gentleman, as his attorney, to recover from John Cornisk and others, the lessees of lands belonging to that hospital, 60 pounds sterling yearly, from the 25th of March, in trust for the Reverend Fathers of the Society of Jesus living in the city.

Union of the sees of Cork and Cloyne

Cork · city · Cork · 1430

In 1430, Pope Martin V promoted Jordan, Chancellor of Limerick, to the vacant sees of Cork and Cloyne, which were then canonically united. Jordan was not restored to the temporals until September 1431 and sat for more than thirty years.

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Bishop of Ardfert, and Kichard Surlay, Archdeacon of Cork; but before the end of the year 1430, Jordan, Chancellor of Limerick, was promoted by Pope Martin V. to the sees of Cork and Cloyne, both being vacant, and then canonically united ; yet he was not restored to the temporals till the 25th of September, 1431. He sat more than thirty years."
A.D. 1479. Gerald Fitzgerald succeeded to the sees of Cork and Cloyne, and died in 1479. "He appropriated," says Ware, " the vicarages of Clonmot, Damgin, Donilbam, and Bally-Ispellary, to the Abby de Chore Benedicti."

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 178

As the companion tells it

In Cork, in 1430, Pope Martin V promoted Jordan, Chancellor of Limerick, to the vacant sees of Cork and Cloyne, which were then canonically united. Jordan was not restored to the temporals until the 25th of September, 1431. He sat as bishop for more than thirty years. Later, in 1479, Gerald Fitzgerald succeeded to the sees of Cork and Cloyne and died that same year. Ware records that he "appropriated the vicarages of Clonmot, Damgin, Donilbam, and Bally-Ispellary, to the Abby de Chore Benedicti."

Waterford shuts gates against the viceroy

Waterford · city · Waterford

When external pressure mounted, Waterford shut its gates in the face of the viceroy. Cork, called the Beautiful City, assumed an imperious stance of defiance.

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It was the policy of the government of the day to foment a bad feeling between the town and country. If the spirit of rebellion which reigned abroad through- Out the country had possessed the towns, the whole kingdom would have passed from under the British rule; the towns were, therefore, chartered, coaxed? and petted. But it was impossible to blind them to the fact, that the town is fed by the country ; that to devastate the country is to starve the city. Though the merchants of Cork would not marry their daughters to farmers, they must buy their wheat and oats, their milk and butter, their sheep and oxen. These things were of more value than charters, "remarkable caps," or chains of gold.* When the pressure from without came, "Waterford shut her gates in the face of the viceroy, and the Beautiful City assumed the imperious airs of a queen. Sir George Carew did not contemplate this when he sent his soldiers through Munster to destroy the food of the people, but the Lord Deputy Mountjoy did, for in his letter to the lords of the council, dated 26th of February, 1603, he speaks of "a dearth and famine which is already begun, and must of necessity grow shortly to extremity; the bent of which alone have been many
* Chains of gold. Queen Elizabeth sent a silver collar of SS. to Maurice Roche, Mayor of Cork in 1571. Henry IV , of England, was the first that gave the " forget-me-not" its poetic meaning, by uniting it on his collar of SS. with his watchword, "souveiyne vous de may." The mayor's collar of SS. is now composed of gold and precious stones, valued at £1,500.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 7

As the companion tells it

Waterford is a city the road passes through. In the time of rebellion, the government's policy was to stir up bad feeling between town and country. If the spirit of rebellion abroad in the country had taken hold in the towns, the whole kingdom would have passed from under British rule. So the towns were chartered, coaxed, and petted. But they could not be blinded to one fact: the town is fed by the country. To devastate the country is to starve the city. The merchants of Cork would not marry their daughters to farmers, but they had to buy their wheat and oats, their milk and butter, their sheep and oxen. These things were of more value than charters, remarkable caps, or chains of gold. When the pressure from without came, Waterford shut her gates in the face of the viceroy, and the Beautiful City assumed the imperious airs of a queen. Sir George Carew had not contemplated this when he sent his soldiers through Munster to destroy the food of the people. But Lord Deputy Mountjoy had. In his letter to the lords of the council, dated 26th of February, 1603, he speaks of a dearth and famine already begun, which must of necessity grow shortly to extremity.

Confiscation of St. Mary's of the Isle monastery, 1544

Cork · city · Cork · 1544

In 1544 the Dominican monastery of the Island at Cork, with all its appurtenances, lands, water mills, salmon weirs, and fishing pools, was confiscated to the crown and sold to William Boureman at a head rent of six shillings and ninepence a year. This occurred during the Dissolution of Religious Houses under Henry VIII.

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" A.D. 1544. This monastery of the Island at Cork, with all its appurtenances, lands, water mills, salmon weirs, fishing pools, was confiscated to the crown, and sold to "William Boureman, at a head rent of six shillings and nine-pencef a-year."
* A messuage is " a house and ground set apart for household uses." — Johnson.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 187

As the companion tells it

Cork, and the river here has its own lost history. In 1544 the Dominican monastery of the Island, with its lands, water mills, salmon weirs and fishing pools, was confiscated to the crown and sold to William Boureman at a head rent of six shillings and ninepence a year.

1721 electoral reform of Cork Corporation

Cork · city · Cork · 1721

On 14 January 1721, a general assembly of the Cork Corporation repealed former customs and established a new, more liberal system for electing the mayor, sheriffs, and common council. The new bye-laws required freemen to assemble at the Guild Hall of Cork, where candidates would be drawn from a hat and then put to a poll.

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" And be it enacted, ordained and established, by the authority aforesaid, that upon all elections to be hereafter made of mayor or sheriffs, to serve for the said city of Cork, the mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty, shall annually assemble at the Guild Hall of the said city of Cork, on the usual day of election, being three calender months before the Monday next after Michaelmas Day ; and that then and there, in open court, the mayor, for the time being, shall order the names of all the burgesses (or persons who have served as sheriffs of the said city, and who shall be resident within the said city, and no others,) to be written in several tickets, or small pieces of paper of equal bigness; every ticket, whereof, to contain the name of one such resident burgess, and no more, and then all the said tickets shall be, by the then present mayor, put into a hat, and five of the said tickets, and no more, shall then, immediately, be drawn out of the said hat, in
180 HISTORY OF CORK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 92

As the companion tells it

Cork, in 1721, changed how it chose its leaders. On the 14th of January that year, a general assembly of the Cork Corporation repealed the old customs and set down a new system for electing the mayor, sheriffs, and common council. The new bye-laws said that freemen were to gather at the Guild Hall of Cork on the usual day of election, which fell three calendar months before the Monday next after Michaelmas Day. There, in open court, the mayor would order the names of all the burgesses to be written on separate tickets of equal size. Only those who had served as sheriffs and who lived within the city qualified. No others. Each ticket carried one name, and no more. Then the mayor would put all the tickets into a hat, and 5 of them, and no more, would be drawn out immediately, in open court. Those names would then go to a poll.

Algerine pirate raid on Baltimore, 1631

Baltimore · town · Cork · 1631

On the 20th of June 1631, two Algerine pirate vessels entered the harbour of Baltimore and plundered the place. This was a much more terrible enemy for the English colonists than Sir Walter Coppinger's property disputes.

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But the English in this colony had to contend with a much more terrible enemy than Sir Walter Coppinger. On the 20th of June, 1631, two Algerine pirate vessels entered the harbour, plundered the place,

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 266

As the companion tells it

You're coming into Baltimore, down in Cork. On the 20th of June 1631, two Algerine pirate vessels entered the harbour here and plundered the place. For the English colonists in this settlement, it was a much more terrible enemy than the property disputes they had been having with Sir Walter Coppinger.

Battle of Knocknaclashy near Banteer Bridge

Banteer · town · Cork · 1651

The Battle of Knocknaclashy was fought between Lord Broghill's forces and Irish troops, with the Irish crying 'St. James' and wearing green fern as their signal. The site lies within half a mile of Banteer Bridge, which crosses the Blackwater near Clonmeen.

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This is called the Battle of Knocknaclashy. The site is not more than half a mile from Banteer Bridge,
which crosses the Blackwater, near Clonmeen.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 62

As the companion tells it

In 1651, the Battle of Knocknaclashy was fought near Banteer. Lord Broghill's forces met Irish troops who wore green fern as their signal and cried "St. James." The site is by the bridge that crosses the Blackwater near Clonmeen.

Carrigacrump marble quarry near Cloyne

Carrigacrump · townland · Cork

A quarry of fine Italian dove-coloured marble is located at Carrigacrump near Cloyne. The land around Cloyne is described as excellent, with limestone prevailing throughout the district.

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is that of brogues and hats. The land in the neighbourhood of Cloyne is most excellent. Limestone prevails throughout the district. There is a quarry of fine Italian dove coloured marble at Carrigacrump.
In the neighbourhood of Cloyne is the castle of Ballymaloe, the former residence of the Corkers, who came to Ireland with King William. The family tomb is in Cloyne Cathedral. A Miss Corker was buried here. When the tomb was opened, some years ago, an orange silk handkerchief was found binding her brow; and I am credibly informed, by a lady, a near relative of the family, who saw the precious relic, that " a guinea was freely given for a square inch or two of it."

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 231

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Carrigacrump, there is a quarry of fine Italian dove-coloured marble. The land around Cloyne is described as most excellent, and limestone prevails throughout the district.

Castles of Cloghlea and Coole seized by Richard Condon

Cloghlea · townland · Clare · 1642

The castles of Cloghlea and Coole, located in Condon's country, were wrested from the English by Richard Condon during the year preceding Sir Charles Vavasor's retaliatory campaign. This followed the battle of Liscarrol.

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The battle of Liscarrol was fully avenged the next year. Sir Charles Vavasor, who became governor of Bandon, went into Condon's country, to besiege the castle of Cloghlea. The castles of Cloghlea and Coole had been wrested from the English during the previous year, by Eichard Condon. Smith says that quarter and safe convey had been promised to the garrison,

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 40

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, Richard Condon wrested the castles of Cloghlea and Coole from the English in 1642, the year after the battle of Liscarrol. Sir Charles Vavasor, who became governor of Bandon, came into Condon's country the next year to besiege the castle of Cloghlea. Quarter and safe conduct had been promised to the garrison, according to Smith.

Castletown-Roche, seat of the Lords Roche

Castletownroche · town · Cork

Castletown-Roche, situated in a deep glen along the Mulla river, was the family seat of the Lords Roche and is now known as Castle Widenham. The old castle was the site of a siege referenced elsewhere in the volume.

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Leaving the Blackwater, we follow the course of the Mulla through a deep wild glen, to reach Castletown- Roche, the family seat of the Lords Roche, now called Castle Widenham. For an account of the siege of the old castle, see vol. ii., p. 110.
Mallow, the next place of importance after leaving Castletown, is a borough town, 20 miles by rail from Cork. The population is between six and seven thousand. It has been represented in the English Parliament by Sir Denham Norreys, (the lord of the manor,) for over thirty years. Sir Denham Norreys has erected a new Spa House* and baths on the Spa Walk, and a new castle in his beautiful demesne. The old castle, whose picturesque ruins stand within the gate, on the banks of the Blackwater, was built by one of the Earls of Desmond, a'large portion of whose property was inherited by Sir John and Sir Thomas Norreys, the ancestors of the present proprietor, Sir Denham Norreys.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 244

As the companion tells it

The road leaves the Blackwater and follows the Mulla through a deep wild glen to Castletownroche. This was the family seat of the Lords Roche, and the place is now known as Castle Widenham. The old castle here was the site of a siege, though the account of that siege is given elsewhere in the volume and not in the passage before you. What remains in these pages is the glen itself, the river running through it, and the name of the family whose seat this was. The Roches held this place, and the castle that stood here saw action serious enough to be recorded. Beyond that, the book moves on to Mallow, the next place of importance, and does not return.

Charles II proclaimed in Youghal and other Munster towns

Youghal · town · Cork · 1649

After the decapitation of Charles I, the Earl of Ormond had Charles II proclaimed in Youghal, Carrick, Cork, Kinsale, and all other towns of the province of Munster.

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To decapitate Charles I. was to enlarge the King of England. The Earl of Ormond had Charles II. proclaimed in Youghal, Carrick, Cork, Kinsale, and in all the other towns of this province. Prince Eupert, the great royalist general, and nephew of the murdered king, entered the harbour of Kinsale with sixteen ships, displaying black jacks, ensigns and pendants. The prince and all his officers were in deep mourning. He came, as he stated, to prepare the way for Charles II. He was visited by the Marquis of Ormond, and treated with all honor and respect by the inhabitants. His fleet succeeded in making prizes of a number of corn vessels, of which it stood in the greatest need. He sent a force to the relief of Scilly, and 5,000 pistoles to the new king. Prince Eupert's brother, Maurice, had arrived in Kinsale about a fortnight before him.*
All this looked bright enough for the royal cause, but it was no more than a flash of wintry sunshine. The English parliament sent Admirals Blake and Deane to blockade the harbour of Kinsale, which they accomplished, capturing the Guinea, one of Eupert's ships, which was out on a cruise. The prince

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 48

As the companion tells it

Youghal is the town the road passes through or near. In 1649, after the decapitation of Charles I, the Earl of Ormond had Charles II proclaimed in Youghal, and in Carrick, Cork, Kinsale, and all the other towns of Munster. "To decapitate Charles I was to enlarge the King of England." Prince Rupert, the royalist general and nephew of the murdered king, entered the harbour of Kinsale with sixteen ships, displaying black jacks, ensigns and pendants. The prince and all his officers were in deep mourning. He came, as he stated, to prepare the way for Charles II. He was visited by the Marquis of Ormond and treated with all honour and respect by the inhabitants. His fleet seized a number of corn vessels, of which it stood in the greatest need. He sent a force to the relief of Scilly and 5,000 pistoles to the new king. His brother Maurice had arrived in Kinsale about a fortnight before him. The English parliament sent Admirals Blake and Deane to blockade the harbour of Kinsale. They captured the Guinea, one of Rupert's ships.

Classical school founded in Clonakilty by Earl of Shannon

Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1808

A classical school was established in Clonakilty in 1808 by the Earl of Shannon, who assigned a fine house and land for its support. Miss Donovan also established a female school connected with the National Board, which served as a model for the county.

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A very good classical school was established here in 1808, by the Earl of Shannon, who assigned a fine house and some land towards its support. Here that pure and noble-minded lady, Miss Donovan, established a female school in connexion with the National Board, which was a model for the whole county, and did much for the moral and social advancement of the females of the town and neighbourhood, where the influence of
508 HISTORY OF COEK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 260

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Clonakilty now. A classical school was established here in 1808 by the Earl of Shannon, who assigned a fine house and some land towards its support. Miss Donovan, a pure and noble-minded lady, also established a female school in connection with the National Board, which served as a model for the whole county and did much for the moral and social advancement of the females of the town and neighbourhood.

Clayton's Castle near Mallow besieged 1642

Mallow · town · Cork · 1642

Clayton's Castle, near Mallow, was besieged and taken in 1642 during the Irish Confederate Wars. The Claytons had possessed property in County Cork but lost their Irish estates during the reign of James I.

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* Sir Eandall Clayton. — The Claytons possessed property in this county. Clayton's castle, near Mallow, was besieged and taken in 1642. They lost their Irish estates during the reign of James I. Sir Robert Clayton was appointed by the Corporation of London to escort William, Prince of Orange, from Henley-on- Thames to the metropolis.
t Watt JRaleiffh.—Watt, is, of course, the contraction for Walter. He was the eldest son. He accompanied his father on this expedition, and was killed in South America. The second son was born in the Tower, and called, we conclude, Carew, after Sir Walter's keeper, Sir George Carew, Lord President of Munster.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 22

As the companion tells it

Mallow was where Clayton's Castle once stood. In 1642, during the Irish Confederate Wars, the castle was besieged and taken. The Claytons had held property in County Cork, but lost their Irish estates under James the First.

Cloyne cathedral architecture dated to thirteenth century

Cloyne · town · Cork · 1200–1299

Bishop Bennett concluded Cloyne cathedral was built between the middle and close of the thirteenth century, lacking the zigzag, nail-headed, or billeted mouldings of earlier Norman architecture. Croker described it as a small heavy building without pretension to ornament.

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Mr. Croker describes the cathedral as a "small heavy building, without any pretension to ornament." Bishop Bennett concluded it was built between the middle and close of the thirteenth century, as it has no mouldings of the zigzag kind, nail-headed- or billeted kind, nor round arched windows, which distinguish what is called the Saxon, or rather Norman architecture, before the introduction of the Gothic, in the time of Henry III.
There is an old manuscript in the British Museum, which is believed to have belonged to Sir James Ware, No. LI. ; of the Clarendon Collection, 4,796. It contains the following account of the virtues of Cloyne as a place of burial.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 228

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cloyne, in Cork, there stands a cathedral Mr. Croker called a small heavy building, without any pretension to ornament. Bishop Bennett concluded it was built between the middle and close of the thirteenth century. It has no mouldings of the zigzag kind, nail-headed or billeted kind, nor round arched windows, which distinguish the Norman architecture that came before the Gothic, introduced in the time of Henry III. An old manuscript in the British Museum, believed to have belonged to Sir James Ware, contains an account of the virtues of Cloyne as a place of burial.

Cork-beg castle built by Condons in 1396

Corkbeg · townland · Cork · 1396–1591

Cork-beg, described as a pretty little peninsula near Carlisle Fort, originally belonged to the Condons who were buried there. Remains of an old castle built by the Condons in 1396 survive near the modern Penrose Fitzgerald mansion. William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald in 1591.

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Opposite the mouth of Carrigaline River, and near Carlisle Fort, is Cork-beg, or Little Cork. Cork-beg is a pretty little peninsula, mentioned in old documents as an island. It originally belonged to the Condons, who were buried here. Near the modern mansion of Mr. Penrose Fitzgerald,* are remains of an old castle built by the Condons in 1396. William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald, of Cloyne, in 1591. The purchase of Cork-beg, together with Aghada and other places, was confirmed to John Fitzedmond by James I., in 1608. This Fitzedmond Fitzgerald was, with Sir John Norris and William De Cogan, a member of the parliament assembled in Dublin in 1585, at which the vast estates of the Earl of Desmond were confiscated. He protested (as we have shown, vol. i., p. 271) against the wholesale con-
* Penrose Fitzgerald. — The proper surname is Penrose. James Penrose, of Woodhill, the grandfather of the present proprietor, married Miss Fitzgerald, the daughter of Colonel Fitzgerald, of Cork-beg, through whom the property descended to the Penroses.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 222

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Corkbeg stands what is left of a castle the Condons built in 1396. This place, called Cork-beg or Little Cork, was a pretty little peninsula, described in old documents as an island. The Condons owned it and were buried there. In 1591, William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald of Cloyne. James I confirmed the purchase in 1608, along with Aghada and other places. John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald had sat in the Dublin parliament of 1585 alongside Sir John Norris and William De Cogan, the parliament that confiscated the vast estates of the Earl of Desmond. He protested against the wholesale confiscation.

Cork Exhibition held at the Corn Exchange, 1852

Cork · city · Cork · 1852

The Cork Exhibition of 1852 was held at the Corn Exchange on Albert Quay. The author credits it with doing infinite credit to Cork in its organisation and business-like management.

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On the southern branch of the river we have, Lapp's Quay. Here is the Savings Bank, a graceful and elegant structure. On the opposite side, Albert Quay and the Corn Exchange, where the Cork Exhibition was held in 1852 — an exhibition which did infinite credit to Cork, in the getting up, entire arrangement, and business-like management. Within the Metal bridge — which is a draw-bridge — -we have Morrisson's Quay and Charlotte Quay, and opposite Union Quay and George's Quay. Vessels of considerable burden can go up the South channel, as far as Parliament bridge — right into the heart of the city — and lade and unlade on the quays.
The principal thoroughfares and buildings in the

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 167

As the companion tells it

Cork held an exhibition in 1852, at the Corn Exchange on Albert Quay. It did, in the words of the time, "infinite credit to Cork, in the getting up, entire arrangement, and business-like management." Across the river was Lapp's Quay, where the Savings Bank stood, a graceful and elegant structure. The quays lined both sides. Morrisson's and Charlotte on one side, Union and George on the other, with a metal draw-bridge between them. Vessels of considerable burden could go up the South channel as far as Parliament bridge, right into the heart of the city, and lade and unlade on the quays.

Cork Improvement Act 1852 transferred prison governance to city

Cork · city · Cork · 1852

The Grand Jury formerly appointed the Board of Superintendence for city and county prisons. The Cork Improvement Act of 1852 shifted this authority to the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses for prisons within the county of the city of Cork.

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The Grand Jury formerly appointed the Board of Superintendence of the city, as well as of the county prisons, but by the Cork Improvement Act, 15 and 16 Victoria, passed in 1852, it was enacted that the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses shall appoint the said Board of Superintendence, officers, and servants of prisons within the county of the city of Cork, instead of the said Grand Jury.
The County Lunatic Asylum stands on the northern bank of the river Lee. The style of architecture is of the 14th century. The chapel and tower of a more advanced period. It is spread along an immense frontage, and is as windy as the caves of JEolus. The annual number of patients is somewhere about 500. The building was commenced in 1847, and erected at an enormous expense to the county.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 186

As the companion tells it

Cork, a city the road passes through. The Grand Jury once appointed the Board of Superintendence for both the city and the county prisons. That changed under the Cork Improvement Act, passed in 1852, in the 15th and 16th years of Victoria's reign. The act shifted the authority to the mayor, the aldermen, and the burgesses. From then on, they appointed the Board of Superintendence, the officers, and the servants of prisons within the county of the city of Cork, instead of the Grand Jury. The County Lunatic Asylum stands on the northern bank of the river Lee. Its architecture follows the style of the 14th century, with a chapel and tower from a more advanced period. It stretches along an immense frontage and is, in the book's words, as windy as the caves of Aeolus. Around 500 patients a year. Building began in 1847, at enormous expense to the county.

Cork mayoral oligarchy 1435–1610

Cork · city · Cork · 1435–1610

Cork's chief magistrate was chosen for 175 years (1435–1610) from a small circle of families including Goulds, Roches, Terrys, Meads, Coppingers, Galways, Sarsfields, Morroghs, Skiddys, Ronaynes, Walters, and Lavallyns, with only five exceptions.

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The chief magistrate was chosen for the space of a hundred and seventy-five years — that is, from 1435 to 1610 — with but five exceptions,* from the following names : — Goulds, Eoches, Terrys, Meads, Coppingers, Galways, Sarsfields, Morroghs, Skiddys, Eonaynes, Walters, and Lavallyns. Sir Henry Sydney tells
* The Jive exceptions are— Godfrey Naiole, John Mezca, Christopher Creagh, Henry Walsh, and Francis Martel.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 7

As the companion tells it

Cork was run by a handful of families. For 175 years, from 1435 to 1610, the chief magistrate came from the Goulds, Roches, Terrys, Meads, Coppingers, Galways, Sarsfields, Morroghs, Skiddys, Ronaynes, Walters, and Lavallyns. Only five times in all those years did the office go outside that circle. Sir Henry Sydney took note of it.

Danish Landing in Kerry Defeated Near Killarney, 812

Killarney · town · Kerry · 812

The Danes made a landing in Kerry as early as 812 but were defeated near Killarney by Art, son of Cathal, king of Munster. This was among the earliest Danish attacks on the coast of Munster in the ninth century.

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We do not know what Doctor Smith means by the " received opinion." But we do know that his Danish theory is opposed to all the statements of our most reliable chroniclers. The Danes commenced their plundering and pirating on the coast of Munster, in the early part of the ninth century.* They made a landing in Kerry as early as 812, but were defeated near Killarney by Art, son of Cathal, king of Munster. We learn from the Annals of Clonmacnoise that the " Island of Corlce" by which we understand the city of Cork — not the south suburbs, but the island city — was spoilefi and ransacked by the Danes in 819. The Four Masters say 820. In 833 the city was devastated by the Danes ; in 837 the county was miserably harassed by the Danes; in 842 Cork was plundered and burnt, and its bishop slain by the Danes ; in 913 Cork was burned and plundered by the Danes ; in 960, 978, 995, and 1012 Cork was wasted, plundered and burned by the Danes. In 918 they got "peaceable possession of this province," but it was not till 1172 that the "great city of Munster" and the adjacent county was "quietly possessed by the Danes or Ostmen." We suppose the Danes built the walls of Cork. It would appear from the frequency and facility with which they plundered and burnt the city, that it had no walls. They knew how to guard what they had seized ; but they practised the cuckoo policy of seizing nests which they had not built:
» Ninth century. The Annals of Clonmacnoise say Rachryn was burned by the Danes in 1792. " This," says Dr. O'Donovan, " is the first attack on record made by the Danes upon any part of Ireland." — four Masters, vol. i. p. 397.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 157

As the companion tells it

The road takes you through or near Killarney, a town in Kerry with an old story tied to it. In the early part of the ninth century, the Danes began their plundering and pirating on the coast of Munster. They made a landing in Kerry as early as 812, but were defeated near Killarney by Art, son of Cathal, king of Munster. Dr. O'Donovan calls this the first attack on record made by the Danes upon any part of Ireland. The writer of this passage notes that a Doctor Smith had put forward a Danish theory opposed to the statements of reliable chroniclers, but insists the chroniclers are the better authority. After the defeat near Killarney, the Danes pressed on along the coast. The Annals of Clonmacnoise record that the island city of Cork was spoiled and ransacked by the Danes in 819. The Four Masters give the year as 820. In 833 the city was devastated. In 837 the county was miserably harassed. In 842 Cork was plundered and burnt, and its bishop slain by the Danes. The writer remarks that the frequency and facility with which the Danes plundered and burnt the city suggests it had no walls. He says they knew how to guard what they had seized, but practised what he calls the cuckoo policy of seizing nests they had not built.

Dean Swift's description of the wild western coast

near Glandore · population centre · Cork

Dean Swift spent a summer in the neighbourhood of the western Cork coast and described the wild and magnificent scenery from Glandore westward in his Latin poem Carbriee Eupes, echoing Virgil's bold style.

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Nothing can be more wild or magnificent than the coast from Glandore to the extreme west of the county, with its bluff headlands. Dean Swift, who spent a summer in this neighbourhood, describes it in his Carbriee Eupes, parts of which remind us of Virgil's best and boldest style : —
" Ecce ingens fragmen scopoli, quod vertice summo Desuper impendet, nullo fundamine nixura Decidit in fluctus, maria undique, et undique saxa Horrisono stridore tenant, et ad sethera murmur Erigitur "

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 269

As the companion tells it

Coming through Glandore puts you on the coast Dean Swift knew. He spent a summer in this neighbourhood and wrote his Latin poem Carbriee Eupes about the wild, magnificent shoreline from Glandore west to the far end of the county, with its bluff headlands. Parts of it echo Virgil's boldest style, with lines about a great fragment of cliff hanging overhead and crashing down into the waves.

Dr. Barter's Turkish bath at St. Anne's, Blarney

near Blarney · townland · Cork

About a mile and a half from Blarney Castle stood St. Anne's, Dr. Barter's establishment on a fine eminence with pleasure grounds. Originally a 'cold water' establishment, it became known for its Turkish or warm air bath, described as offering more than eastern luxury.

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About a mile and a-half from Blarney Castle is St. Anne's, Doctor Barter's establishment. It stands on a
* Who owns that station. Blarney, where we now have a railway station. The metre and style of the Groves of Blarney, of which we have given a specimen above, are an imitation of a similar production — by a " drunken cobbler," — in praise of Castle-Hyde.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 253

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, about a mile and a half from Blarney Castle, stood St. Anne's, Doctor Barter's establishment. It stood on a fine eminence with pleasure grounds. Originally a cold water establishment, it became known for its Turkish or warm air bath, said to offer more than eastern luxury.

Dungourney rath and Barry castle remains

Dungourney · townland · Cork · 1315–1700

In the parish of Dungourney, north-east of Midleton, there is an ancient Irish rath. On a rock near the church are the remains of a castle of the Barrys, a collateral branch of the Barrymores, who possessed the Dungourney property from 1315 to 1700.

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In the parish of Dungourney, to the north east of Midleton, is an ancient Irish rath ; and on a rock, near the church, the remains of a castle of the Barry s, a collateral branch of the Barrymores, which collateral branch possessed the Dungourney property, from 1315 to 1700.
Castlemartyr, the residence of the Earl of Shannon, is not far from the Mogeely station. It was formerly called Ballymartyr. Here, before the English conquest, dwelt Mac Tire, chieftain of the ancient sept of Ui Mocaille, from which the barony of Imokilly gets its name. This was the Mac Tirid ^ho, "stealing

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 233

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, in the parish of Dungourney north-east of Midleton, there is an ancient Irish rath. On a rock near the church you can still see the remains of a castle that belonged to the Barrys. They were a collateral branch of the Barrymores, and they held the Dungourney property from 1315 to 1700. The castle is all that is left of their long possession of this place.

Dunscombe's Marsh surrendered after siege of Cork, 1691

Cork · city · Cork · 1686–1691

The south-east marsh, alias Dunscombe's Marsh, also called the great marsh of Cork, was leased to Alderman Noblett Dunscombe in perpetuity at £26 rent. After the siege of Cork in 1691, Dunscombe surrendered it as too dear, and the council granted a new perpetual lease at £10 rent with a £100 fine.

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" On the 27th of March, 1686, a lease of the North Strand was made by the corporation to Alderman Noblett Dunscombe, for 399 years, rent £2 10s. A lease of part of the north-east marsh was also made by the corporation to said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe for ever, rent £1 Is. 5Jd. A lease of the south-east marsh — the great marsh of Cork— alias Dunscombe's marsh, was also made by the corporation to said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe for ever, rent £26. After the siege of Cork, 1691, the south-east marsh, alias Dunscombe's marsh, was surrendered by said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe, being too dear. The council accepted the surrender, and granted a new lease for ever, rent £10, and a fine of £100. Said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe also held another marsh, but after the siege of Cork, 1691, surrendered it, and some years after it was leased to Mr. Pike."
The corporation let, sold, mortgaged, gave, and jobbed away their lands and strands, fisheries, markets, prisage tolls, everything. No young spenthriffc heir ever ran through a handsome estate with more recklessness than the old mayors and council-men of Cork. Take the following. It is

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 96

As the companion tells it

Cork has a marsh with a story tied to its old corporation and the siege of 1691. On the 27th of March, 1686, the corporation leased the south-east marsh, the great marsh of Cork, also called Dunscombe's marsh, to Alderman Noblett Dunscombe in perpetuity, at a rent of £26. After the siege of Cork in 1691, Dunscombe surrendered that marsh, finding it too dear. The council accepted the surrender and granted a new lease for ever, at a rent of £10, with a fine of £100. He also held another marsh, which he surrendered after the same siege, and some years after it was leased to a Mr. Pike. The corporation of Cork let, sold, mortgaged, gave, and jobbed away their lands and strands, fisheries, markets, prisage tolls, everything. No young spendthrift heir ever ran through a handsome estate with more recklessness than the old mayors and council-men of Cork.

First sod cut for Queenstown railway branch at Cork, 1859

Midleton · town · Cork · 1859

On the same occasion as the bridge foundation, the Earl of Carlisle cut the first sod for the Queenstown branch of the Cork and Youghal Railway. D. Leopold Lewis of Midleton had provided all the railway's funds and entertained a distinguished party there.

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The foundation of the new bridge — now in course of erection — was laid, by His Excellency the Earl of Carlisle, the 10th of November, 1859, on which occasion, our mayor, John Arnott, Esquire, Member of Parliament for Kinsale, received the honor of knighthood. His Excellency, on the same occasion, cut the first sod on the Queenstown branch of the Cork and Youghal Kailway, and was entertained, along with a large and
328 HISTORY OF CORK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 167

As the companion tells it

In Midleton, in 1859, the Earl of Carlisle cut the first sod for the Queenstown branch of the Cork and Youghal Railway. He did it on the 10th of November, the same day he laid the foundation of a new bridge. On that occasion the mayor, John Arnott, Member of Parliament for Kinsale, received a knighthood. The Earl was entertained, along with a large and distinguished gathering.

French fleet of 44 ships appears off Baltimore and enters Bantry Bay

Baltimore · town · Cork · 1689

A French fleet of forty-four ships under Count de Chateau Renaud appeared off Baltimore on 29 April and entered Bantry Bay. This was part of the ongoing French military support for James II's campaign in Ireland.

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A French fleet of forty-four ships, under the command of Count de Chateau Eenaud, appeared off Baltimore, on the 29th of April, and entered Bantry Bay.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 77

As the companion tells it

As you come through Baltimore, this is the town where a French fleet of 44 ships appeared offshore on 29 April 1689. They were under the command of Count de Chateau Renaud, and after showing themselves here they sailed on and entered Bantry Bay.

French Protestant chapel in French Church Street

French Church Street · street · Cork · 1685–1717

A Wesleyan chapel in French Church Street, off Patrick Street, originally belonged to the French Protestants who settled in Cork after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. The Presbyterian chapel in Prince's Street was rebuilt on Dunscombe's Marsh in 1717, and there was also a Presbyterian chapel in St. Peter's parish by 1699.

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t Methodist chapel. There is another Wesleyan chapel in French Church Street, off Patrick Street, which originally belonged to the French Protestants, who settled in Cork after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.
§ Cork newspapers. — The Southern or Daily Reporter was established in 1807 ; the Constitution in 1821 ; the Cork Examiner in 1841 ; and the Herald in 1856.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 161

As the companion tells it

After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, French Protestants settled in Cork and held a chapel in French Church Street, off Patrick Street. It later became a Wesleyan chapel.

Gillabbey used as quarters and route between camps

Cork · city · Cork

The Dean's house at Gillabbey served as a passage between the two besieging camps around Cork. Scravenmore brought all his horse to join the besiegers and took up his quarters at Gillabbey.

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"26th. I went to the camp early, and missing Scravenmore, I delivered my message myself to the Earl of Marlborough, after which I went home, and in the afternoon shewed a new way from one camp to the other, by my house at Gillabbey. In the evening the Duke of Wurtemberg came to the camp on the north side of the city, we being also in possession of Shandon Castle ; whence our cannon played both into the forts and the city ; and Scravenmore, bringing over all his horse to join us, took up his quarters at Gillabbey.
" 27th. The enemy having deserted their works at the Cat, without a blow struck, we became masters of it, and began to east bombs into the city."

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

Near Cork, this city was once besieged, and a house at Gillabbey became a passage between the two camps. On the 26th, the writer went to camp early, missed Scravenmore, and delivered his message himself to the Earl of Marlborough. In the afternoon he showed a new way from one camp to the other by his house. That evening the Duke of Wurtemberg came to the camp on the north side of the city. They held Shandon Castle, and their cannon played into the forts and the city. Scravenmore brought all his horse to join the besiegers and took up his quarters there. On the 27th the enemy deserted their works at the Cat without a blow struck, and they began to cast bombs into the city.

Irish army advances on Lismore

Lismore and Mocollop · parish · Cork · 1642

During the 1642 rebellion, portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, which was under the care of Lord Broghill, described as the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. Broghill wrote letters from Lismore detailing the military situation.

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Temple says, that while the Irish remained about Mallow they consumed no less than 50,000, others say 100,000, sheep, and a great quantity of other cattle, the property of the English. General Barry hovered for spme time about Cork, while other portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, which was under the care of Lord Broghill, the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. He writes his father thus : —
" MY MOST NOBLE LORD,

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 35

As the companion tells it

In 1642, during the rebellion, portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, a parish here in Cork. Lord Broghill had charge of the place. He was called the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. He wrote to his father from Lismore, keeping him informed of the military situation. The Irish forces had spent time around Mallow, consuming great numbers of sheep and cattle belonging to the English. General Barry hovered about Cork.

James II lodged in old island house, Cork, 1689

Cork · city · Cork · 1689

James II came to Cork from Kinsale in 1689 and lodged in the old island house of the Dominican friars. After the accession of William of Orange, the brethren deserted it, and it was used as a residence by the mayor or governor of Cork, later becoming the town mansion of the Earl of Inchiquin.

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James II., who came to Cork from Kinsale in 1689, lodged in the old island house. It was deserted by the brethren on the accession of William, Prince of Orange, and used as a residence by the mayor or governor of Cork. It afterwards became the town mansion of the Earl of Inchiquin. This family pos-
371

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 188

As the companion tells it

In 1689 James the Second came to Cork from Kinsale and lodged in the old island house of the Dominican friars. When William of Orange came to the throne, the brethren deserted it, and it was used as a residence by the mayor or governor of Cork. It later became the town mansion of the Earl of Inchiquin.

John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald knighted at Cloyne by Mountjoy

Cloyne · town · Cork · 1602

Lord Deputy Mountjoy lodged at Cloyne on 8 March 1602 at the manor house belonging to the bishop, then held in fee farm by John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald. In recognition of his loyalty to the English crown, Mountjoy knighted him at departure.

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of John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald, of Clone, [Cloyne] co. Cork, gent.," which recites his services, as sheriff of Cork, against the rebels — his decay — his prayer for the fee farm of Chore, Tracton, Ballymartyr, Cork-beg, and the common gaol of Cork, called the King's Castle, which he will rebuild, and the constableship, with a fee. He also asks for the reversion of the abbey of Tracton, and the parsonage of Cork-beg. The petition is addressed to the Privy Council. The Lord Deputy Mountjoy, in his journey from Cork to Waterford, (March 8th, 1602,) " lodged at Clone, [Cloyne] a town manor house belonging to the bishop of that sea, but now passed in fee farm to Master John Fitzedmonds^ who gave cheerful and plentiful entertainment to his lordship, and all such of the nobility, captains, gentlemen, and others, as attended him. The deputy, as well to requite his perpetual loyalty to the crown of England, as also to encourage others in the like, at his departure, did honour him with the order of knighthood."— Pac. Hil>., p. 503.
The site of Carlisle Fort,* and the heath around it, was sold by the late Mr. Penrose Fitzgerald, of Corkbeg, for a very large sum of money, to the government. On the high ground near the fort, stands Eupert's Tower, f and further south, near the mouth of the harbour, the police barracks and the lighthouse, and round the south-east point, Eoche's Tower. In the valley, at the other side of this line of hills, is Trabolgan,J the noble mansion and demesne of Lord

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 223

As the companion tells it

As the road passes through or near Cloyne, in Cork, you are travelling the ground where Lord Deputy Mountjoy once lodged in 1602, on his journey from Cork to Waterford. The manor house he stayed in belonged to the bishop of the see, but by then it had passed in fee farm to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald, a gentleman of Cloyne who had served as sheriff of Cork against the rebels. John Fitzedmond had petitioned the Privy Council for the fee farm of Chore, Tracton, Ballymartyr, Cork-beg, and the common gaol of Cork, called the King's Castle, which he offered to rebuild. He asked also for the constableship, with a fee, for the reversion of the abbey of Tracton, and for the parsonage of Cork-beg. When Mountjoy arrived at Cloyne, John Fitzedmond gave what the record calls cheerful and plentiful entertainment to his lordship and to all the nobility, captains, gentlemen, and others who attended him. At his departure, Mountjoy knighted him, as well to requite his perpetual loyalty to the crown of England as to encourage others in the like. So a man who had held the bishop's manor in fee farm, and who had served as sheriff against the rebels, left Cloyne bearing the order of knighthood, conferred by the Lord Deputy himself.

Killeagh nunnery founded by St. Abban, 7th century

Killeagh · town · Cork · 600–699

A nunnery is said to have been founded at Killeagh in the 7th century by St. Abban, near the spot where the parish church now stands. The town consists of one regular street containing about 150 houses, with a handsome new Catholic chapel recently built.

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The town consists of one regular street, neatly built, containing about 150 houses. A nunnery is said to have been founded here, in the 7th century, by St. Abban, near the spot where the parish church now stands. A very handsome new Catholic chapel has just been built here. There is a railway station here. Near the town, and on the rising ground, above the road to Youghal, is Drondihy House and demesne, the seat of Eoger Green Davis ; here, also, is Mount Uniacke, the residence of Norman Uniacke, and Aghadoe House, which is thus described by a writer, in 1836. The principal seat is Aghadoe House, the residence of Sir Arthur de Capell f Brooke, baronet, not more remarkable for natural beauties than for its having remained in the same family more than 600 years, while nearly all the other estates in the South of Ireland have been confiscated. It was granted, in 1172, to Philip de Capell, lineal ancestor of the present baronet, and is called by the peasantry " the maiden estate," to distinguish it from the numerous forfeited properties in its vicinity.
Smith speaks of " Aghada, the house and plantations of Richard Supple." Eichard Brooke Supple, F.B.S., assumed the sign manual, and the original surname of

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 234

As the companion tells it

As the road passes through Killeagh, you are near where a nunnery is said to have been founded in the 600s by St. Abban, close to the spot where the parish church now stands. The town consists of one regular street, neatly built, containing about 150 houses. A very handsome new Catholic chapel has just been built here. There is a railway station. Near the town, on rising ground above the road to Youghal, stands Drondihy House and demesne, the seat of Eoger Green Davis. Here also is Mount Uniacke, the residence of Norman Uniacke, and Aghadoe House, the principal seat, the residence of Sir Arthur de Capell Brooke, baronet. A writer in 1836 noted that Aghadoe was remarkable not only for its natural beauties but for having remained in the same family more than 600 years, while nearly all other estates in the south of Ireland had been confiscated. It was granted in 1172 to Philip de Capell, lineal ancestor of the present baronet. The peasantry called it "the maiden estate," to distinguish it from the numerous forfeited properties in its vicinity.

King William dines at Kilkenny with Duke of Ormond

Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny · 1690

On 19 July, King William dined at Kilkenny with the Duke of Ormond and all the court, while the army remained in camp expecting the foot to come up in order to attack Waterford, which the enemy still maintained.

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" 19th. We continued still in our camp, in expectation of the foot coming up, in order to attack Waterford, which the enemy maintain. No action happened, except a prey or two taken and brought in. This day the king dined at Kilkenny, with the Duke of Ormond and all the court.
" 21st. I went to Clonmel, to visit Mr. Thomas

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 78

As the companion tells it

On the 19th of July, 1690, the army stayed in camp, waiting for the foot to come up to attack Waterford, which the enemy still held. Nothing happened, except a prey or two taken and brought in. The king dined at Kilkenny, with the Duke of Ormond and all the court.

Luckombe's 1783 description of Cork streets

Cork · city · Cork · 1783

Philip Luckombe described Cork in 1783 as a large and extensive city. The Main Street between the gates was very broad, but other parts were mostly narrow lanes cutting the Main Street at right angles, one of which, only ten feet wide, was called Broad Lane.

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my expectation. The Main Street between the gates is very broad, but other parts mostly composed of lanes, cutting the Main Street at right angles, and so narrow, that one of them, which is but ten feet wide, is called Broad Lane." We are not, therefore, surprised to find that the Main Street — by which we are to understand the present North and South Main Streets — was called at various epochs the Eoyal Street, the Queen's Majesty's Street, the King's Street, and His Highness' Street. This was a way the Cork people had of honoring distinguished personages. Mr. Windele affords us the following amusing example : —
" In the hey-day of the volunteers, (1783,) public gratitude was expressed to the celebrated Grattan, by giving his name to this street ; but shortly after the corporation took umbrage at his conduct, on some question of that day, dislodged the name, and in 1798 imposed that of Admiral Duncan. The business was managed on the motion of Mr. Charles Cole ; but in 1806, when that gentleman was sheriff, the late Mr. Cooper Penrose thought it an appropriate opportunity to express his dissent from the act, and caused a stone to be put up, with the name of Grattan Street inscribed in gold letters, where it still remains." But, notwithstanding the gold letters, it is called Duncan Street to this day.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 158

As the companion tells it

Cork, which the road passes through, was described by Philip Luckombe in 1783 as a large and extensive city. The Main Street between the gates was very broad, but other parts were mostly narrow lanes cutting the Main Street at right angles. One of them, only ten feet wide, was called Broad Lane. That Main Street is what we now understand as the present North and South Main Streets. Over the years it was called the Royal Street, the Queen's Majesty's Street, the King's Street, and His Highness' Street. This was the Cork people's way of honoring distinguished personages. In 1783, in the heyday of the volunteers, public gratitude was expressed to the celebrated Grattan by giving his name to this street. But shortly after, the corporation took umbrage at his conduct on some question of that day, dislodged the name, and in 1798 imposed that of Admiral Duncan. The business was managed on the motion of Mr. Charles Cole. In 1806, when that gentleman was sheriff, the late Mr. Cooper Penrose thought it an appropriate opportunity to express his dissent from the act, and caused a stone to be put up, with the name of Grattan Street inscribed in gold letters, where it still remains. But notwithstanding the gold letters, it is called Duncan Street to this day.

Monanimy ruins linked to Knights of St. John

Monanimy · parish · Cork

Near the village of Killavullan are the ruins of Monanimy, thought to belong to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem.

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Continuing to ascend the Blackwater, we come to the little town or village of Killavullan, near which are the ruins of Monanimy, thought to belong to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. About a mile to the eastward of the village is Carrigacunna Castle.* The old castle is a square massive tower, seventy feet high, which looks down as sternly on the plain as it did 200 years ago. Close by stands the modern and peaceful
* Carriffacunna Castle, rendered by Crofton Croker, Carrignaconny, " the rabbit's -rock."

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 243

As the companion tells it

The road takes you through the parish of Monanimy in Cork. Near the village of Killavullan stand ruins thought to belong to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. About a mile east of the village rises Carrigacunna Castle, a square massive tower seventy feet high, looking down on the plain as sternly as it did 200 years ago.

Public ovens ordered near Corn Market, 1794

Cork · city · Cork · 1794

In December 1794, the Court of D'Oyer Hundred ordered the erection of public ovens near the Corn Market in Cork, to supply citizens with legally sized bread when bakers refused to do so. Ground near the Corn Market was designated for the new bakery.

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* Household loaf. An order of the Court of D'Oyer Hundred was passed, December 3rd, 1794, for the erection of public ovens, to be used when the bakers should not think proper to supply the citizens with bread of the legal size. Ground near the Corn Market was ordered to be taken for the new bakery.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 109

As the companion tells it

Cork, in December 1794. On December 3rd, the Court of D'Oyer Hundred passed an order for the erection of public ovens, to be used when the bakers should not think proper to supply the citizens with bread of the legal size. Ground near the Corn Market was ordered to be taken for the new bakery.

Shoemaker tarred and feathered in Cork, 1784

Cork · city · Cork · 1784

A shoemaker underwent the newly-adopted operation of tarring and feathering on the 24th of August, 1784, in Cork. The author ranks this punishment, along with the pillory, under the heading of popular amusements of the period.

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A shoemaker underwent the newly-adopted operation of tarring and feathering, on the 24th of August, 1784.
We are disposed to rank the pillory and tarring and feathering under the head of popular amusements. In the same class we may place cock-fighting and bull-baiting. The former was deemed a sport fit for a gentleman. " March 7th, 1767. A great cock-match between Eichard Longfield, of Castle-Mary, in the county of Cork, and Mr. Burton, in the county of Carlow, ended and was won by the latter."

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 105

As the companion tells it

Cork, in 1784. On the 24th of August that year, a shoemaker here underwent tarring and feathering, a punishment newly adopted at the time. The author who records it ranks it, along with the pillory, under the heading of popular amusements of the period. Cock-fighting and bull-baiting fall in the same class. A great cock-match was fought on March 7th, 1767, between Richard Longfield of Castle-Mary in the county of Cork and Mr. Burton in the county of Carlow, and was won by the latter.

Simon Lightfoot of Kinsale robbed in 1642 rebellion

Kinsale · town · Cork · 1642

Simon Lightfoot, a Protestant resident of Kinsale, filed a deposition claiming losses of £141 in goods and chattels during the 1642 rebellion. Unlike many deponents, he was literate and signed his own name.

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of February last past, he lost, was robbed, and forceably despoyled, of his goods, and chattells, and debts, to the value of 19s. 6d." Sir Eobert Tirrell, late of the barony of Small, county of Cork, knight," lost to the value of £1,786. Dina Holland, a "Brittish Protestant," wife of John Holland, of Enniskcene, in the parish of Kineagh, " deposeth, on the part of her husband, now sick, that he was robbed to the amount of £59," Dina makes " her marke," and a queer mark it is. Those Protestants had no idea of writing. Mary Berry, widow and relict of Richard Berry, of Gaggen, in the parish of Ballymoody, deposeth to the loss of eight cowes, fower yong heffers, one mare and colt, to the value of £25, with oats, wheat, and rye, value eight pounds, and four pounds in ready money. Mary's name and mark are arranged thus : " Mary M. B. Berry's mark." Thomas Bulmar's li mke " or marke, is a B on its back, thus, PQ , which looks like two bee-hives. Simon Lightfoot, of Kinsale, who lost " goods and chattells " to the amount of £141, signs himself " Symon S. L. light foote." Joane Crews, late of Mawlare, county of Corke, wid.," was robbed of £73, and her husband, " because he had a fowling piece in his hand." Joan Law, a widow of Donowraile," lost property to the value of £16 8s., including " three fowling pieces and fortie shillings." John Egan, of Mayallow — Mallow — makes his mark, and says he lost £35. Lawrence Spenser, in the barony of Kinalmeaky, in the county of Cork, yeoman, was robbed of £220 5s. Lawrence Spenser makes his mark. Was this a descendant of the poet ? We have also, in the deposition numbered 2,353, the name of Eobert Milton. The
60 HISTORY OF CORK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 34

As the companion tells it

Kinsale is a town the road passes through, and in 1642 it was caught in the rebellion that swept across Cork. That February, Simon Lightfoot, a Protestant resident of the town, was robbed of his goods and chattels, losses he valued at £141. He filed a deposition, one of many taken from Protestants across the county who had been stripped of their property during the rising. What sets Lightfoot apart in the record is his hand. Most of those who gave evidence could not write. Dina Holland, wife of John Holland of Enniscene, made her mark. Mary Berry, widow of Richard Berry of Gaggen, who lost eight cows, four young heifers, a mare and colt, oats, wheat, rye, and four pounds in ready money, signed with a mark. Thomas Bulmar's mark was a B on its back, like two bee-hives. John Egan of Mallow made his mark. Lawrence Spenser of Kinalmeaky, robbed of £220 and 5 shillings, made his mark. Simon Lightfoot did not make a mark. He signed his own name, writing himself as the record shows it, Symon S. L. light foote. He was one of the few in these depositions whose name stands in his own handwriting, a literate man in a time when many around him could only draw a sign and let a clerk write the rest.

Sir Charles Coote's passage through Mountrath woods to relieve Birr

Birr or Parsonstown · town · Offaly · 1642

In 1642, Sir Charles Coote (father of the Earl of Mountrath) made a surprising military passage through Mountrath woods for the relief of Birr. Both father and son fought on the side of Parliament.

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f Sir Charles Coote was raised to the peerage, by the title of the Earl of Mountrath, in 1661. His father, Sir Charles, made a surprising passage through Mountrath woods, for the relief of Birr, in 1642. Both father and son fought on the side of the parliament. The father was slain in a sally at Trim, in 1642.
" HE OF THE KING'S DEATH-WARRANT." 125

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 66

As the companion tells it

In 1642, Sir Charles Coote made a surprising passage through Mountrath woods for the relief of Birr. Both he and his son fought on the side of Parliament. The elder Coote was slain that same year, in a sally at Trim. His son was raised to the peerage as Earl of Mountrath in 1661.

Sir James Cotter monument at Carrigtohill church

Carrigtohill · town · Cork

In the old parish church of Carrigtohill is a monument of Italian marble erected to the memory of Sir James Cotter, who lived at Ballinsperrig (now Annesgrove). A tradition holds that James II lodged there, supported by an elegy calling Ballinsperrig 'The Palace of James.'

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Carrigtohill * is described by Smith as " a small village, eight [Irish] miles from Cork, seated on an arm of the sea, which at high water flows under a bridge of eight arches, and overspreads a large tract of lan<J, making an excellent marsh for fattening horses." It is scarcely correct to call the marsh an arm of the sea. Carrigtohill lies to the north of the Little Island, round which a stream of salt water still manages to creep. In the old parish church of Carrigtohill is a monument of Italian marble, erected to the memory of Sir James Cotter, of whom we have spoken
* Carrigtohill, or Carrigtoille, means " a caved rock," from carry, a rock, and faille, a cave. The limestone rock abounds here.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 232

As the companion tells it

Carrigtohill lies near an arm of the sea, where salt water still creeps round the Little Island. In the old parish church here is a monument of Italian marble, raised to the memory of Sir James Cotter, who lived at Ballinsperrig, now called Annesgrove. A tradition holds that James II lodged at Ballinsperrig, and an old elegy called it the Palace of James. Smith described this place as a small village, seated on salt water that flows under a bridge of eight arches at high tide, overspreading a large tract of land and making excellent marsh for fattening horses.

Sir James Fitzpatrick inspects Cork city and county gaols, 1786

Cork · city · Cork · 1786

Sir James Fitzpatrick, a noted philanthropist, arrived in Cork in June 1786 after touring much of the kingdom to inspect prisons. On the 4th of June he made a minute inspection of the city and county gaols, discovering many deficiencies and very great abuses.

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The labors of the philanthropist Howard had not as yet told favorably on the sad condition of the prisoner. This celebrated philanthropist visited our city on the 18th of June, 1737. He was preceded by Sir James Fitzpatrick in 1786. " Sir James Fitzpatrick, a gentleman of distinguished philanthropy, arrived in this city, after having made a tour through a great part of this kingdom, for the purpose of visiting the prisons. On the 4th [June] he made a minute inspection of the gaols of this city and county, in which he discovered many deficiencies and very great abuses. On the 5th and 6th he was entertained by the mayor and sheriffs, and on the 7th was waited on, at his lodgings, by the * Cork Society for the Belief and Discharge of Confined Debtors,' who presented to him, in elegant binding, the printed account of their proceedings from their first institution, with an address, delivered by their secretary, the Eev. Francis Orpen."
But our city and county gaols possessed one property, which made compensation, at least to criminals, for most of their ills, it was easy to escape from them. Nothing was more common in those days than 11 breaking prison."

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 100

As the companion tells it

Cork, in 1786, saw the arrival of Sir James Fitzpatrick, a gentleman of distinguished philanthropy. He had made a tour through a great part of the kingdom for the purpose of visiting prisons. On the 4th of June he made a minute inspection of the gaols of this city and county, in which he discovered many deficiencies and very great abuses. On the 5th and 6th he was entertained by the mayor and sheriffs. On the 7th he was waited on at his lodgings by the Cork Society for the Relief and Discharge of Confined Debtors, who presented to him, in elegant binding, the printed account of their proceedings from their first institution, with an address delivered by their secretary, the Reverend Francis Orpen. The city and county gaols possessed one property which made compensation, at least to criminals, for most of their ills: it was easy to escape from them. Nothing was more common in those days than “breaking prison.”

South Gaol opens second door to separate debtors, 1775

Cork · city · Cork · 1775

Not until 1775 was a second door opened in Cork's south gaol to separate debtors from criminals, indicating the previously unsegregated and poor state of the prison. Prison breakouts were reportedly commonplace in the city and county gaols of the period.

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The condition of Cork prisons in the latter part of the eighteenth century, was not such as to reconcile a debtor to the loss of his personal liberty. It was not till the year 1775 that a second door was opened in the south gaol, to separate the debtors from the criminals. The debtors in the south gaol complained, through the medium of the Cork papers, as late as November, 1782, that they were reduced to the necessity of drinking salt water : — " The debtors in the south gaol were reduced to the necessity of drinking salt water very often for the last three months, their pumps being for a long time dry, and many of them
no borrowed gown, or in default, be censured and amerced or excluded from his degree of councillor until he should buy a gown de novo.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 100

As the companion tells it

Cork's prisons were in poor shape in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Not until 1775 was a second door opened in the south gaol, to separate the debtors from the criminals. Before that, they were held together, and breakouts from the city and county gaols were commonplace. The debtors in the south gaol complained through the Cork newspapers as late as November 1782 that they were reduced to drinking salt water. Their words were printed: "The debtors in the south gaol were reduced to the necessity of drinking salt water very often for the last three months, their pumps being for a long time dry." A debtor losing his liberty in Cork faced conditions that offered little comfort.

St. Francis' Abbey on North Mall described in 1700

North Mall · street · Cork · 1700

Dive Downes, Protestant Bishop of Cork, described St. Francis' abbey on the north side of the Lee in his Visitation of 1700, noting its site contained a few gardens on the side of the hill. The abbey was called the 'Mirror of Ireland.'

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" St. Francis' abbey, on the north side of the Lee, in the north suburbs of Cork. The site of it contains a few gardens on the side of the hill, near the abbey.
* Dwe Bournes. I take this opportunity of expressing my great obligations to the Rev. William Maziere Brady, of Newmarket, rector of Clonfert, who has furnished me with a most correct and excellent copy of the " Visitation of Dive Downes," Bishop of Cork and Ross from 1691 to 1709. The original manuscript was presented to the Library of Trinity College, March 19th, 1849, by Samuel Moore Kyle, LL.D., Archdeacon of Cork, Vicar-General. Archdeacon Kyle got

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 173

As the companion tells it

St. Francis' Abbey stood on the north side of the Lee, in the north suburbs of Cork. Dive Downes, Protestant Bishop of Cork, visited it in 1700. He found its site held a few gardens on the side of the hill, near the abbey. It was called the Mirror of Ireland.

The Priory, Newmarket — residence of John Philpot Curran

Newmarket · town · Cork

Near Newmarket stood Mount Keeffe and the Priory, formerly the residence of John Philpot Curran, the celebrated orator. Curran was a townsman and contemporary of Barry Yelverton, and the two went to school together at Midleton.

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Newmarket is between four and five miles from Kanturk. It formed a part of the forfeited estates of the Mac Auliffes, and was granted to the Aid worth family, who established a new market here, hence the name. Newmarket House, the seat of Eichard Oliver Aidworth, a descendant of the St. Legers, is near the town. Here also is Mount Keeffe, and the Priory, formerly the residence of John Philpot Curran. f Curran was a townsman and cotemporary with Barry Yelverton. "When boys they went to school together to Midleton. Yelverton was raised to the Irish peerage in 1736, and to the dignity of Viscount Avonmore, for his services
* The Freemans possessed considerable property in this county. Anne Freeman married Edmund Spenser, a lineal descendant of the poet.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 248

As the companion tells it

Newmarket lies along this part of Cork, between four and five miles from Kanturk. It once formed part of the forfeited estates of the Mac Auliffes, and was granted to the Aidworth family, who established a new market here, giving the town its name. Newmarket House, the seat of Richard Oliver Aidworth, a descendant of the St. Legers, stands near the town. Here also are Mount Keeffe and the Priory, formerly the residence of John Philpot Curran, the celebrated orator. Curran was a townsman and contemporary of Barry Yelverton. As boys they went to school together to Midleton. Yelverton was raised to the Irish peerage in 1736, and to the dignity of Viscount Avonmore, for his services.

Three cantreds granted to Fitzstephen by Henry II

Cork · city · Cork

On the north side of the river lay three cantreds of ground granted by Henry II to Fitzstephen, which Fitzstephen left to his nephew Philip de Barry, and which King John confirmed to William de Barry. The Barrymore property lay chiefly on the north bank of the river and harbour of Cork.

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We now cross the opening or glen — called Blackpool, or the Watercourse — which cuts the chain of mountains on the northern side of the river. On Patrick's hill, which forms the eastern spur of the Glanmire ridge of hills, stands Barry's castle. The site is still pointed out on old maps. The castle is now called Audley House, and is in the possession of our respected fellow-citizen, Mr. Keane. On this side of the river lay the three cantreds of ground granted by Henry II. to Fitzstephen, which Fitzstephen left to his nephew, Philip de Barry, and which King John confirmed to William de Barry. The Barrymore property lies chiefly on the north bank of the river and harbour of Cork.
The Catholic Church of St. Patrick, on the Lower Glanmire Koad, was erected in 1845 by the Eight Rev* Doctor Murphy, Catholic Bishop of Cork. It is a handsome Grecian edifice, by no means unworthy of the refined taste of the architect, Mr. G. R. Paine.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 194

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, the north side of the river is where the three cantreds of ground were granted by Henry 2 to Fitzstephen. Fitzstephen left those lands to his nephew Philip de Barry, and King John later confirmed them to William de Barry. The Barrymore property lay chiefly on the north bank of the river and harbour of Cork. The chain of mountains on the northern side is cut by the opening called Blackpool, or the Watercourse. On Patrick's hill, the eastern spur of the Glanmire ridge, stood Barry's castle. The site is still pointed out on old maps. The castle is now called Audley House and was in the possession of Mr. Keane. The Catholic Church of Saint Patrick, on the Lower Glanmire Road, was erected in 1845 by Doctor Murphy, Catholic Bishop of Cork. It is a handsome Grecian edifice, by no means unworthy of the refined taste of the architect, Mr. G. R. Paine.

Waterford held by Jacobite forces, William plans attack

Waterford · city · Waterford · 1690

William's army encamped in expectation of attacking Waterford, which the enemy maintained. The king dined at Kilkenny while the foot was awaited to mount the assault on the Jacobite-held city.

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" 19th. We continued still in our camp, in expectation of the foot coming up, in order to attack Waterford, which the enemy maintain. No action happened, except a prey or two taken and brought in. This day the king dined at Kilkenny, with the Duke of Ormond and all the court.
" 21st. I went to Clonmel, to visit Mr. Thomas

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 78

As the companion tells it

Waterford was held by Jacobite forces in 1690. William's army lay in camp, waiting for the foot to come up so they could attack the city. Nothing happened except a prey or two taken and brought in. That same day the king dined at Kilkenny, with the Duke of Ormond and all the court.

Youghal receives charter of incorporation from King John

Youghal · town · Cork · 1209

Youghal is a borough town of remote antiquity that received a charter of incorporation from King John as early as 1209. The charter is still preserved among the archives of Lismore Castle, the property of the Duke of Devonshire. Before the Act of Independence, Youghal returned two members to the Irish Parliament.

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Independence, returned two members to the Irish parliament. Its first foundation is of remote antiquity. It received from King John a charter of incorporation, as early as 1209, which is still preserved among the archives of Lismore Castle, the property of the Duke of Devonshire.
The charter of the 49 Edward III. directs that the dues hitherto paid at Cork for certain staple articles, shall be henceforth paid in the port of Youghal. The following petition from Cole's Exchequer Documents, illustrative of English history, proves there was a receiver of customs in the port of Youghal, as early as the 18 Edward I. : —

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 235

As the companion tells it

Youghal is a borough town of remote antiquity. It received a charter of incorporation from King John as early as 1209, and that charter is still preserved among the archives of Lismore Castle, the property of the Duke of Devonshire. Before the Act of Independence, Youghal returned two members to the Irish Parliament. A later charter, in the 49th year of Edward III, directed that dues hitherto paid at Cork for certain staple articles should instead be paid in the port of Youghal. And there was a receiver of customs in the port of Youghal as early as the 18th year of Edward I, according to a petition from Cole's Exchequer Documents.

Dominican Abbey of Kilmallock suppressed

Kilmallock · town · Limerick · 1544

The Dominican Abbey of Kilmallock was suppressed around the same time as the Cork monastery in the mid-sixteenth century. George Grenliffe offered to take the abbey and its lands at a yearly rent of four pounds and ten shillings, promising good service in getting goshawks and merlins.

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•^Six Shillings and nine-pence. The Dominican Abbey of Kilmallock was suppressed about this time, when George Grenliffe offered to take the abbey and lands at a yearly rent of £4 10s. He at the same time promises good service in getting Gosshawkes and Merlyons.— Calender of State Papers, A.D. 1509-1573, p. 163.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 187

As the companion tells it

Kilmallock, in County Limerick, had a Dominican abbey that was suppressed around 1544. George Grenliffe offered to take the abbey and its lands for a yearly rent of 4 pounds and 10 shillings. He promised good service in getting goshawks and merlins.

Glanworth Abbey, founded by the Roches in 1227

Glanworth · town · Cork · 1227

In the locality of Glanworth are the ruins of an abbey said to have been founded by the Roche family in 1227. The district was anciently called Glanore or Glen-Oir, meaning 'the Golden Glen,' from its great fertility.

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a round tower. 'In this locality are the ruins of an abbey, said to have been founded by the Roches in 1227. Between Glanworth and Fermoy is a large cromlech, the top, or altar-stone, of which is 17 feet long by 8 feet wide.
Mitchelstown is a market and post town, in the parish of Brigown,* and barony of Condons and Clongibbons, the country of the White Knights. Fitzgibbon, the White Knight, who betrayed the last Earl of Desmond, died without male issue. His daughter, Margaret, the heiress to his estates, married William Fenton, son of Sir Geoffrey Fenton, Secretary of State for Ireland, and brother-in-law to the first Earl of Cork, who makes the following entry of the marriage in his diary : —

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 241

As the companion tells it

The road passes through Glanworth, in Cork. The district was anciently called Glanore, or Glen-Oir, meaning the Golden Glen, for its great fertility. In this locality stand the ruins of an abbey, said to have been founded by the Roches in 1227. Between Glanworth and Fermoy there is a large cromlech, its altar-stone measuring 17 feet long by 8 feet wide.

O'Donovan's father burned bishop's house at Ross, 1585

Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1585–1599

In 1585, the father of Donnell O'Donovan burned the bishop's house at Rosscarbery. The same chief later met O'Neill at Inniscarra in 1599 to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.

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* A loyal subject.— It was his father who, in 1585, burned the bishop's house, at Ross, see p. 354 and who met O'Neill, at Inniscarra, in 1599, to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.
516 HISTORY OF CORK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 264

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Ross Carbery. In 1585, the father of Donnell O'Donovan burned the bishop's house here. The same chief later met O'Neill at Inniscarra in 1599 to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.

St Mary's Church Youghal: monuments of notable families

Youghal · town · Cork

St Mary's Church, Youghal, contains monuments of Lord Broghill (the Earl of Cork's ablest son), Thomas Fleming Lord of Slane, Sir Edward Villiers, and the Meades, Bennetts, and Haymans families. Two Drew family monuments are also present, the family claiming descent from William, second son of Richard, fourth Duke of Normandy.

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St. Mary's, of Youghal, contains the monuments of Lord Broghill, the Earl of Cork's ablest son, • — the first earl begat a son in his own likeness — of Thomas Fleming, Lord of Slane ; and of Sir Edward Villiers :
" HERE LIES THE BODY OF SIE EDWARD VILLERS,

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala

As the companion tells it

St Mary's Church in Youghal holds the monuments of Lord Broghill, called the Earl of Cork's ablest son. The first earl, it says, begat a son in his own likeness. There are also monuments to Thomas Fleming, Lord of Slane, and to Sir Edward Villiers, whose stone reads: "Here lies the body of Sir Edward Villiers."

Joan Law, widow of Doneraile, robbed during 1642 rebellion

Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1642

Joan Law, a widow from Doneraile, filed a deposition claiming losses worth £16 8s. during the 1642 rebellion, including three fowling pieces and forty shillings in money.

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of February last past, he lost, was robbed, and forceably despoyled, of his goods, and chattells, and debts, to the value of 19s. 6d." Sir Eobert Tirrell, late of the barony of Small, county of Cork, knight," lost to the value of £1,786. Dina Holland, a "Brittish Protestant," wife of John Holland, of Enniskcene, in the parish of Kineagh, " deposeth, on the part of her husband, now sick, that he was robbed to the amount of £59," Dina makes " her marke," and a queer mark it is. Those Protestants had no idea of writing. Mary Berry, widow and relict of Richard Berry, of Gaggen, in the parish of Ballymoody, deposeth to the loss of eight cowes, fower yong heffers, one mare and colt, to the value of £25, with oats, wheat, and rye, value eight pounds, and four pounds in ready money. Mary's name and mark are arranged thus : " Mary M. B. Berry's mark." Thomas Bulmar's li mke " or marke, is a B on its back, thus, PQ , which looks like two bee-hives. Simon Lightfoot, of Kinsale, who lost " goods and chattells " to the amount of £141, signs himself " Symon S. L. light foote." Joane Crews, late of Mawlare, county of Corke, wid.," was robbed of £73, and her husband, " because he had a fowling piece in his hand." Joan Law, a widow of Donowraile," lost property to the value of £16 8s., including " three fowling pieces and fortie shillings." John Egan, of Mayallow — Mallow — makes his mark, and says he lost £35. Lawrence Spenser, in the barony of Kinalmeaky, in the county of Cork, yeoman, was robbed of £220 5s. Lawrence Spenser makes his mark. Was this a descendant of the poet ? We have also, in the deposition numbered 2,353, the name of Eobert Milton. The
60 HISTORY OF CORK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 34

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Doneraile, in 1642, a widow named Joan Law was robbed during the rebellion. She lost property worth 16 pounds and 8 shillings. Among what was taken from her were three fowling pieces and 40 shillings in money. She filed a deposition, one of many made by Protestants in county Cork after the rising. Her neighbours suffered too. Sir Robert Tirrell, late of the barony of Small, lost goods to the value of 1,786 pounds. Dina Holland, wife of John Holland of Enniskeane, deposed on behalf of her sick husband that he was robbed of 59 pounds. Mary Berry, widow of Richard Berry of Gaggen, lost eight cows, four young heifers, a mare and colt, oats, wheat and rye, and four pounds in ready money. Joane Crews, a widow from Mallow, was robbed of 73 pounds, and her husband was killed because he had a fowling piece in his hand. That detail sits beside Joan Law's loss of three fowling pieces. The depositions record names and marks. Many of those who filed them could not write. Dina Holland made her mark. Mary Berry made hers. Thomas Bulmar's mark looked like two beehives. Simon Lightfoot of Kinsale, who lost goods worth 141 pounds, signed his own name. Joan Law's losses were small against some, but she was a widow, and what was taken from her was all she had.

O'Donovan met O'Neill at Inniscarra, 1599

Inishcarra · parish · Cork · 1599

In 1599, the father of Donnell O'Donovan met O'Neill at Inniscarra to prepare for a new campaign against Queen Elizabeth's government, linking the location to late Elizabethan military plotting.

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* A loyal subject.— It was his father who, in 1585, burned the bishop's house, at Ross, see p. 354 and who met O'Neill, at Inniscarra, in 1599, to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.
516 HISTORY OF CORK.

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 264

As the companion tells it

In 1599, in this parish of Inishcarra, the father of Donnell O'Donovan met O'Neill. They came together to prepare a new campaign against Queen Elizabeth's government. The same man had burned the bishop's house at Ross in 1585.

Sir Charles Coote slain in a sally at Trim

Trim · town · Meath · 1642

Sir Charles Coote, father of the Earl of Mountrath, was killed in a sally at Trim in 1642. He and his son both fought on the side of Parliament during the wars of that period.

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f Sir Charles Coote was raised to the peerage, by the title of the Earl of Mountrath, in 1661. His father, Sir Charles, made a surprising passage through Mountrath woods, for the relief of Birr, in 1642. Both father and son fought on the side of the parliament. The father was slain in a sally at Trim, in 1642.
" HE OF THE KING'S DEATH-WARRANT." 125

Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 66

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Trim, this is where Sir Charles Coote was slain in a sally in 1642. He and his son both fought on the side of Parliament. The elder Coote had made a surprising passage through Mountrath woods for the relief of Birr that same year. His son was raised to the peerage as Earl of Mountrath in 1661.

The history of the county and city of Cork (vol. 2)

The stories, best first

General Barry's forces hover about Cork

Glandore Castle built by Barrett in 1215

John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald's purchase of Cork-beg confirmed by James I

Plunder of Cork after breach of walls

Protestant Hall built on South Mall, Cork

Rebel rising between Bandon and Clonakilty, 1798

Skibbereen-Bantry mail robbed by black-faced attackers

St. John Charitable Asylum in Douglas Street

Union of the sees of Cork and Cloyne

Waterford shuts gates against the viceroy

Confiscation of St. Mary's of the Isle monastery, 1544

1721 electoral reform of Cork Corporation

Algerine pirate raid on Baltimore, 1631

Battle of Knocknaclashy near Banteer Bridge

Carrigacrump marble quarry near Cloyne

Castles of Cloghlea and Coole seized by Richard Condon

Castletown-Roche, seat of the Lords Roche

Charles II proclaimed in Youghal and other Munster towns

Classical school founded in Clonakilty by Earl of Shannon

Clayton's Castle near Mallow besieged 1642

Cloyne cathedral architecture dated to thirteenth century

Cork-beg castle built by Condons in 1396

Cork Exhibition held at the Corn Exchange, 1852

Cork Improvement Act 1852 transferred prison governance to city

Cork mayoral oligarchy 1435–1610

Danish Landing in Kerry Defeated Near Killarney, 812

Dean Swift's description of the wild western coast

Dr. Barter's Turkish bath at St. Anne's, Blarney

Dungourney rath and Barry castle remains

Dunscombe's Marsh surrendered after siege of Cork, 1691

First sod cut for Queenstown railway branch at Cork, 1859

French fleet of 44 ships appears off Baltimore and enters Bantry Bay

French Protestant chapel in French Church Street

Gillabbey used as quarters and route between camps

Irish army advances on Lismore

James II lodged in old island house, Cork, 1689

John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald knighted at Cloyne by Mountjoy

Killeagh nunnery founded by St. Abban, 7th century

King William dines at Kilkenny with Duke of Ormond

Luckombe's 1783 description of Cork streets

Monanimy ruins linked to Knights of St. John

Public ovens ordered near Corn Market, 1794

Shoemaker tarred and feathered in Cork, 1784

Simon Lightfoot of Kinsale robbed in 1642 rebellion

Sir Charles Coote's passage through Mountrath woods to relieve Birr

Sir James Cotter monument at Carrigtohill church

Sir James Fitzpatrick inspects Cork city and county gaols, 1786

South Gaol opens second door to separate debtors, 1775

St. Francis' Abbey on North Mall described in 1700

The Priory, Newmarket — residence of John Philpot Curran

Three cantreds granted to Fitzstephen by Henry II

Waterford held by Jacobite forces, William plans attack

Youghal receives charter of incorporation from King John

Dominican Abbey of Kilmallock suppressed

Glanworth Abbey, founded by the Roches in 1227

O'Donovan's father burned bishop's house at Ross, 1585

St Mary's Church Youghal: monuments of notable families

Joan Law, widow of Doneraile, robbed during 1642 rebellion

O'Donovan met O'Neill at Inniscarra, 1599

Sir Charles Coote slain in a sally at Trim