The history of the county and city of Cork (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. General Barry's forces hover about Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1642

   During the 1642 rebellion, General Barry's Irish forces hovered about Cork while other portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, threatening Lord Broghill's position.

   Read the passage

   Temple says, that while the Irish remained about Mallow they consumed no less than 50,000, others say 100,000, sheep, and a great quantity of other cattle, the property of the English. General Barry hovered for spme time about Cork, while other portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, which was under the care of Lord Broghill, the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. He writes his father thus : —

   " MY MOST NOBLE LORD,

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 35

2. Glandore Castle built by Barrett in 1215

   near Glandore · population centre · Cork · 1215

   Two miles west of Rosscarbery lies the small harbour of Glandore, around which pleasant seats were springing up. The ruins of Glandore Castle, built by Barrett in 1215, stand on the heights above the harbour.

   Read the passage

   and adds, "near it, at Bally venine, are the ruins of the largest house in Carbery, erected by Sir William Coppinger," Two miles west, is the small but excellent harbour of Glandore, on the heights around which a number of pleasant seats are springing up. Here are the ruins of Glandore Castle, built by Barrett in 1215.

   To the west of Glandore harbour is the parish of Myross, in Irish, Gardha, " a garden," — for the land is very good — and the village of Union Hall. There are extensive ruins in this parish, at Carrigillihy, supposed to belong to the Abbey de Sancto Mauro, founded, some say, by Diarmid Mac Carthy, King of Cork, for Cistercian monks. In this parish is Bawnlahan, one of the houses of O'Donovan, of Castle Donovan, chief of that ancient family — " a worthy and courteous gentleman," writes Smith. This is the O'Donovan mentioned in the keen composed for Sir Richard Cox.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 263

   As the companion tells it

   As the road comes through Glandore in Cork, you are passing a small harbour with ruins on the heights above it. Two miles west of Rosscarbery, this harbour opened up, and pleasant seats have been springing up around the heights. On those heights stand the ruins of Glandore Castle, built by Barrett in 1215. Near it, at Bally venine, are the ruins of the largest house in Carbery, erected by Sir William Coppinger. West of the harbour lies the parish of Myross, in Irish Gardha, meaning a garden, for the land is very good, and the village of Union Hall. Extensive ruins at Carrigillihy are supposed to belong to the Abbey de Sancto Mauro, founded, some say, by Diarmid Mac Carthy, King of Cork, for Cistercian monks. In that parish is Bawnlahan, one of the houses of O'Donovan of Castle Donovan, chief of that ancient family. Smith calls him a worthy and courteous gentleman, and this is the O'Donovan mentioned in the keen composed for Sir Richard Cox.

3. John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald's purchase of Cork-beg confirmed by James I

   Corkbeg · townland · Cork · 1591–1608

   John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald of Cloyne purchased Cork-beg from William Condon in 1591, and the purchase was confirmed by James I in 1608. Fitzedmond was a member of the 1585 Dublin parliament at which the Earl of Desmond's vast estates were confiscated, and he protested against the wholesale confiscation.

   Read the passage

   Opposite the mouth of Carrigaline River, and near Carlisle Fort, is Cork-beg, or Little Cork. Cork-beg is a pretty little peninsula, mentioned in old documents as an island. It originally belonged to the Condons, who were buried here. Near the modern mansion of Mr. Penrose Fitzgerald,* are remains of an old castle built by the Condons in 1396. William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald, of Cloyne, in 1591. The purchase of Cork-beg, together with Aghada and other places, was confirmed to John Fitzedmond by James I., in 1608. This Fitzedmond Fitzgerald was, with Sir John Norris and William De Cogan, a member of the parliament assembled in Dublin in 1585, at which the vast estates of the Earl of Desmond were confiscated. He protested (as we have shown, vol. i., p. 271) against the wholesale con-

   * Penrose Fitzgerald. — The proper surname is Penrose. James Penrose, of Woodhill, the grandfather of the present proprietor, married Miss Fitzgerald, the daughter of Colonel Fitzgerald, of Cork-beg, through whom the property descended to the Penroses.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 222

4. Plunder of Cork after breach of walls

   Cork · city · Cork · 1690

   After Cork fell, seamen and loose persons entered the city through the breach and plundered many houses. The Earl of Marlborough and Scravenmore entered once the bridge was mended and took pains to preserve the city from further damage.

   Read the passage

   Although there was no massacre of the Irish, there was plunder, the inevitable consequence of taking a city like Cork. " In the morning," continues Dean Davies, " many seamen, and other loose persons, entered the city through the breach, and other places, and plundered many houses, especially of property.

   " As soon as the bridge could be mended the Earl of Marlborough and Scravenmore entered, and took much

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 83

5. Protestant Hall built on South Mall, Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1860–1861

   The Protestant Hall was designed by architect Richard R. Brash at an estimated cost of £4,000. Its foundation stone was laid by the Earl of Bandon on St. Patrick's Day, 1860, and he opened it on 12 April 1861.

   Read the passage

   round the building. The ceiling is flat in the centre and covered in the angles. It is divided into panels by enriched stiles answering to the coupled pilasters. Over the entrance hall, at the South Mall side, will be a reading-room, 30 feet by 19 feet; a lecture-room, 45 feet by 19 feet; a registry-office, 25 feet by 19 feet; and three committee-rooms, with keeper's apartments. The entire cost is estimated at £4,000. The body of the hall only is at present finished. Mr. Eichard E. Brash, of this city, is the architect of this beautiful building, upon whose genius and useful practicable ability it reflects the highest honor. The foundation stone of the Protestant Hall was laid by the Eight Hon. the Earl of Bandon, on St. Patrick's Day, 1860, and opened by him on the 12th of April, 1861.

   OLD GEORGE'S STREET is long, but it has nothing to boast of in breadth or style of houses. It contains an Independent Chapel,* a theatre, and a very respectable hotel. George's Street is a continuation of Tuckey Street ; it runs from the Parade to the Custom House. It is intersected at right angles by Princes Street, Marlboro' Street, t Cook Street, and Warren's Place. The Custom House stands in the fork of the river, which here divides itself in two, sweeping round our island city : —

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 166

6. Rebel rising between Bandon and Clonakilty, 1798

   Bandon · town · Cork · 1798

   Lord Cornwallis reported an inconsiderable rising between Bandon and Clonakilty during 1798, the object of which was reportedly to rescue prisoners. The rebels were soon routed and dispersed.

   Read the passage

   But 1798, as far as this county was concerned, went off without any remarkable outbreak or rebel demonstration. This, at least, is the testimony of the Marquis Cornwallis, who, in writing to the Duke of Portland, says, " There has been an inconsiderable rising between Bandon and Clonakilty, but the rebels were soon routed and dispersed. I have heard that the object [of the

   248 HISTORY OF CORK.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 130

7. Skibbereen-Bantry mail robbed by black-faced attackers

   Skibbereen · town · Cork · 1808

   In June 1808, the post-boy conveying mail from Skibbereen to Bantry was attacked by two men with blackened faces. The post-boy was severely ill-treated and the mail was robbed.

   Read the passage

   "A.D. 1808, June 30th.— The post-boy who was conveying the mails from Skibbereen to Bantry, was attacked by two men with their faces blackened, and robbed of the mail, after being severely ill-treated."

   The next incident is more thrilling : —

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 148

   As the companion tells it

   Up ahead is Skibbereen. In June 1808, the post-boy carrying the mail from Skibbereen to Bantry was attacked by two men with their faces blackened. They robbed him of the mail, after severely ill-treating him.

8. St. John Charitable Asylum in Douglas Street

   Douglas Street · street · Cork

   An old desolate house in Douglas Street, Cork, serves as the St. John Charitable Asylum for aged and destitute poor men, where three poor men reside. It is linked to the charitable tradition of the knights of St. John of Jerusalem.

   Read the passage

   * The knights of St. John of Jerusalem. These charitable institutions hare extraordinary vitality about them. There still exists in Douglas Street, the St. John Charitable Asylum, for aged and destitute poor men. It is an old desolate house, where three poor men reside.

   f " Dominick Sarsfield, mayor of the city of Cork, and prior of the hospital of St. Stephen, without the South gate of the said city, pursuant to an order lately made in the common council of the said city, authorized Michael Gould, of the city of Cork, gent., as his attorney, to recover from John Cornisk, and others, the lessees and tenants of the lands and tenements belonging to the said hospital, to the use and in trust for the Reverend Fathers of the Society of Jesus, living in the said city, the sum of three -score pounds sterling, yearly, to commence from the 25th day of March last, and to continue as in the said order of council is settled."

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 171

9. Union of the sees of Cork and Cloyne

   Cork · city · Cork · 1430

   In 1430, Pope Martin V promoted Jordan, Chancellor of Limerick, to the vacant sees of Cork and Cloyne, which were then canonically united. Jordan was not restored to the temporals until September 1431 and sat for more than thirty years.

   Read the passage

   Bishop of Ardfert, and Kichard Surlay, Archdeacon of Cork; but before the end of the year 1430, Jordan, Chancellor of Limerick, was promoted by Pope Martin V. to the sees of Cork and Cloyne, both being vacant, and then canonically united ; yet he was not restored to the temporals till the 25th of September, 1431. He sat more than thirty years."

   A.D. 1479. Gerald Fitzgerald succeeded to the sees of Cork and Cloyne, and died in 1479. "He appropriated," says Ware, " the vicarages of Clonmot, Damgin, Donilbam, and Bally-Ispellary, to the Abby de Chore Benedicti."

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 178

10. Waterford shuts gates against the viceroy

    Waterford · city · Waterford

    When external pressure mounted, Waterford shut its gates in the face of the viceroy. Cork, called the Beautiful City, assumed an imperious stance of defiance.

    Read the passage

    It was the policy of the government of the day to foment a bad feeling between the town and country. If the spirit of rebellion which reigned abroad through- Out the country had possessed the towns, the whole kingdom would have passed from under the British rule; the towns were, therefore, chartered, coaxed? and petted. But it was impossible to blind them to the fact, that the town is fed by the country ; that to devastate the country is to starve the city. Though the merchants of Cork would not marry their daughters to farmers, they must buy their wheat and oats, their milk and butter, their sheep and oxen. These things were of more value than charters, "remarkable caps," or chains of gold.* When the pressure from without came, "Waterford shut her gates in the face of the viceroy, and the Beautiful City assumed the imperious airs of a queen. Sir George Carew did not contemplate this when he sent his soldiers through Munster to destroy the food of the people, but the Lord Deputy Mountjoy did, for in his letter to the lords of the council, dated 26th of February, 1603, he speaks of "a dearth and famine which is already begun, and must of necessity grow shortly to extremity; the bent of which alone have been many

    * Chains of gold. Queen Elizabeth sent a silver collar of SS. to Maurice Roche, Mayor of Cork in 1571. Henry IV , of England, was the first that gave the " forget-me-not" its poetic meaning, by uniting it on his collar of SS. with his watchword, "souveiyne vous de may." The mayor's collar of SS. is now composed of gold and precious stones, valued at £1,500.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 7

11. Confiscation of St. Mary's of the Isle monastery, 1544

    Cork · city · Cork · 1544

    In 1544 the Dominican monastery of the Island at Cork, with all its appurtenances, lands, water mills, salmon weirs, and fishing pools, was confiscated to the crown and sold to William Boureman at a head rent of six shillings and ninepence a year. This occurred during the Dissolution of Religious Houses under Henry VIII.

    Read the passage

    " A.D. 1544. This monastery of the Island at Cork, with all its appurtenances, lands, water mills, salmon weirs, fishing pools, was confiscated to the crown, and sold to "William Boureman, at a head rent of six shillings and nine-pencef a-year."

    * A messuage is " a house and ground set apart for household uses." — Johnson.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 187

    As the companion tells it

    Cork, and the river here has its own lost history. In 1544 the Dominican monastery of the Island, with its lands, water mills, salmon weirs and fishing pools, was confiscated to the crown and sold to William Boureman at a head rent of six shillings and ninepence a year.

12. 1721 electoral reform of Cork Corporation

    Cork · city · Cork · 1721

    On 14 January 1721, a general assembly of the Cork Corporation repealed former customs and established a new, more liberal system for electing the mayor, sheriffs, and common council. The new bye-laws required freemen to assemble at the Guild Hall of Cork, where candidates would be drawn from a hat and then put to a poll.

    Read the passage

    " And be it enacted, ordained and established, by the authority aforesaid, that upon all elections to be hereafter made of mayor or sheriffs, to serve for the said city of Cork, the mayor, sheriffs, and commonalty, shall annually assemble at the Guild Hall of the said city of Cork, on the usual day of election, being three calender months before the Monday next after Michaelmas Day ; and that then and there, in open court, the mayor, for the time being, shall order the names of all the burgesses (or persons who have served as sheriffs of the said city, and who shall be resident within the said city, and no others,) to be written in several tickets, or small pieces of paper of equal bigness; every ticket, whereof, to contain the name of one such resident burgess, and no more, and then all the said tickets shall be, by the then present mayor, put into a hat, and five of the said tickets, and no more, shall then, immediately, be drawn out of the said hat, in

    180 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 92

13. Algerine pirate raid on Baltimore, 1631

    Baltimore · town · Cork · 1631

    On the 20th of June 1631, two Algerine pirate vessels entered the harbour of Baltimore and plundered the place. This was a much more terrible enemy for the English colonists than Sir Walter Coppinger's property disputes.

    Read the passage

    But the English in this colony had to contend with a much more terrible enemy than Sir Walter Coppinger. On the 20th of June, 1631, two Algerine pirate vessels entered the harbour, plundered the place,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 266

    As the companion tells it

    You're coming into Baltimore, down in Cork. On the 20th of June 1631, two Algerine pirate vessels entered the harbour here and plundered the place. For the English colonists in this settlement, it was a much more terrible enemy than the property disputes they had been having with Sir Walter Coppinger.

14. Battle of Knocknaclashy near Banteer Bridge

    Banteer · town · Cork · 1651

    The Battle of Knocknaclashy was fought between Lord Broghill's forces and Irish troops, with the Irish crying 'St. James' and wearing green fern as their signal. The site lies within half a mile of Banteer Bridge, which crosses the Blackwater near Clonmeen.

    Read the passage

    This is called the Battle of Knocknaclashy. The site is not more than half a mile from Banteer Bridge,

    which crosses the Blackwater, near Clonmeen.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 62

15. Carrigacrump marble quarry near Cloyne

    Carrigacrump · townland · Cork

    A quarry of fine Italian dove-coloured marble is located at Carrigacrump near Cloyne. The land around Cloyne is described as excellent, with limestone prevailing throughout the district.

    Read the passage

    is that of brogues and hats. The land in the neighbourhood of Cloyne is most excellent. Limestone prevails throughout the district. There is a quarry of fine Italian dove coloured marble at Carrigacrump.

    In the neighbourhood of Cloyne is the castle of Ballymaloe, the former residence of the Corkers, who came to Ireland with King William. The family tomb is in Cloyne Cathedral. A Miss Corker was buried here. When the tomb was opened, some years ago, an orange silk handkerchief was found binding her brow; and I am credibly informed, by a lady, a near relative of the family, who saw the precious relic, that " a guinea was freely given for a square inch or two of it."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 231

16. Castles of Cloghlea and Coole seized by Richard Condon

    Cloghlea · townland · Clare · 1642

    The castles of Cloghlea and Coole, located in Condon's country, were wrested from the English by Richard Condon during the year preceding Sir Charles Vavasor's retaliatory campaign. This followed the battle of Liscarrol.

    Read the passage

    The battle of Liscarrol was fully avenged the next year. Sir Charles Vavasor, who became governor of Bandon, went into Condon's country, to besiege the castle of Cloghlea. The castles of Cloghlea and Coole had been wrested from the English during the previous year, by Eichard Condon. Smith says that quarter and safe convey had been promised to the garrison,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 40

17. Castletown-Roche, seat of the Lords Roche

    Castletownroche · town · Cork

    Castletown-Roche, situated in a deep glen along the Mulla river, was the family seat of the Lords Roche and is now known as Castle Widenham. The old castle was the site of a siege referenced elsewhere in the volume.

    Read the passage

    Leaving the Blackwater, we follow the course of the Mulla through a deep wild glen, to reach Castletown- Roche, the family seat of the Lords Roche, now called Castle Widenham. For an account of the siege of the old castle, see vol. ii., p. 110.

    Mallow, the next place of importance after leaving Castletown, is a borough town, 20 miles by rail from Cork. The population is between six and seven thousand. It has been represented in the English Parliament by Sir Denham Norreys, (the lord of the manor,) for over thirty years. Sir Denham Norreys has erected a new Spa House* and baths on the Spa Walk, and a new castle in his beautiful demesne. The old castle, whose picturesque ruins stand within the gate, on the banks of the Blackwater, was built by one of the Earls of Desmond, a'large portion of whose property was inherited by Sir John and Sir Thomas Norreys, the ancestors of the present proprietor, Sir Denham Norreys.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 244

18. Charles II proclaimed in Youghal and other Munster towns

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1649

    After the decapitation of Charles I, the Earl of Ormond had Charles II proclaimed in Youghal, Carrick, Cork, Kinsale, and all other towns of the province of Munster.

    Read the passage

    To decapitate Charles I. was to enlarge the King of England. The Earl of Ormond had Charles II. proclaimed in Youghal, Carrick, Cork, Kinsale, and in all the other towns of this province. Prince Eupert, the great royalist general, and nephew of the murdered king, entered the harbour of Kinsale with sixteen ships, displaying black jacks, ensigns and pendants. The prince and all his officers were in deep mourning. He came, as he stated, to prepare the way for Charles II. He was visited by the Marquis of Ormond, and treated with all honor and respect by the inhabitants. His fleet succeeded in making prizes of a number of corn vessels, of which it stood in the greatest need. He sent a force to the relief of Scilly, and 5,000 pistoles to the new king. Prince Eupert's brother, Maurice, had arrived in Kinsale about a fortnight before him.*

    All this looked bright enough for the royal cause, but it was no more than a flash of wintry sunshine. The English parliament sent Admirals Blake and Deane to blockade the harbour of Kinsale, which they accomplished, capturing the Guinea, one of Eupert's ships, which was out on a cruise. The prince

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 48

19. Classical school founded in Clonakilty by Earl of Shannon

    Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1808

    A classical school was established in Clonakilty in 1808 by the Earl of Shannon, who assigned a fine house and land for its support. Miss Donovan also established a female school connected with the National Board, which served as a model for the county.

    Read the passage

    A very good classical school was established here in 1808, by the Earl of Shannon, who assigned a fine house and some land towards its support. Here that pure and noble-minded lady, Miss Donovan, established a female school in connexion with the National Board, which was a model for the whole county, and did much for the moral and social advancement of the females of the town and neighbourhood, where the influence of

    508 HISTORY OF COEK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 260

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up through Clonakilty now. A classical school was established here in 1808 by the Earl of Shannon, who assigned a fine house and some land towards its support. Miss Donovan, a pure and noble-minded lady, also established a female school in connection with the National Board, which served as a model for the whole county and did much for the moral and social advancement of the females of the town and neighbourhood.

20. Clayton's Castle near Mallow besieged 1642

    Mallow · town · Cork · 1642

    Clayton's Castle, near Mallow, was besieged and taken in 1642 during the Irish Confederate Wars. The Claytons had possessed property in County Cork but lost their Irish estates during the reign of James I.

    Read the passage

    * Sir Eandall Clayton. — The Claytons possessed property in this county. Clayton's castle, near Mallow, was besieged and taken in 1642. They lost their Irish estates during the reign of James I. Sir Robert Clayton was appointed by the Corporation of London to escort William, Prince of Orange, from Henley-on- Thames to the metropolis.

    t Watt JRaleiffh.—Watt, is, of course, the contraction for Walter. He was the eldest son. He accompanied his father on this expedition, and was killed in South America. The second son was born in the Tower, and called, we conclude, Carew, after Sir Walter's keeper, Sir George Carew, Lord President of Munster.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 22

21. Cloyne cathedral architecture dated to thirteenth century

    Cloyne · town · Cork · 1200–1299

    Bishop Bennett concluded Cloyne cathedral was built between the middle and close of the thirteenth century, lacking the zigzag, nail-headed, or billeted mouldings of earlier Norman architecture. Croker described it as a small heavy building without pretension to ornament.

    Read the passage

    Mr. Croker describes the cathedral as a "small heavy building, without any pretension to ornament." Bishop Bennett concluded it was built between the middle and close of the thirteenth century, as it has no mouldings of the zigzag kind, nail-headed- or billeted kind, nor round arched windows, which distinguish what is called the Saxon, or rather Norman architecture, before the introduction of the Gothic, in the time of Henry III.

    There is an old manuscript in the British Museum, which is believed to have belonged to Sir James Ware, No. LI. ; of the Clarendon Collection, 4,796. It contains the following account of the virtues of Cloyne as a place of burial.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 228

22. Cork-beg castle built by Condons in 1396

    Corkbeg · townland · Cork · 1396–1591

    Cork-beg, described as a pretty little peninsula near Carlisle Fort, originally belonged to the Condons who were buried there. Remains of an old castle built by the Condons in 1396 survive near the modern Penrose Fitzgerald mansion. William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald in 1591.

    Read the passage

    Opposite the mouth of Carrigaline River, and near Carlisle Fort, is Cork-beg, or Little Cork. Cork-beg is a pretty little peninsula, mentioned in old documents as an island. It originally belonged to the Condons, who were buried here. Near the modern mansion of Mr. Penrose Fitzgerald,* are remains of an old castle built by the Condons in 1396. William Condon sold the property to John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald, of Cloyne, in 1591. The purchase of Cork-beg, together with Aghada and other places, was confirmed to John Fitzedmond by James I., in 1608. This Fitzedmond Fitzgerald was, with Sir John Norris and William De Cogan, a member of the parliament assembled in Dublin in 1585, at which the vast estates of the Earl of Desmond were confiscated. He protested (as we have shown, vol. i., p. 271) against the wholesale con-

    * Penrose Fitzgerald. — The proper surname is Penrose. James Penrose, of Woodhill, the grandfather of the present proprietor, married Miss Fitzgerald, the daughter of Colonel Fitzgerald, of Cork-beg, through whom the property descended to the Penroses.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 222

23. Cork Exhibition held at the Corn Exchange, 1852

    Cork · city · Cork · 1852

    The Cork Exhibition of 1852 was held at the Corn Exchange on Albert Quay. The author credits it with doing infinite credit to Cork in its organisation and business-like management.

    Read the passage

    On the southern branch of the river we have, Lapp's Quay. Here is the Savings Bank, a graceful and elegant structure. On the opposite side, Albert Quay and the Corn Exchange, where the Cork Exhibition was held in 1852 — an exhibition which did infinite credit to Cork, in the getting up, entire arrangement, and business-like management. Within the Metal bridge — which is a draw-bridge — -we have Morrisson's Quay and Charlotte Quay, and opposite Union Quay and George's Quay. Vessels of considerable burden can go up the South channel, as far as Parliament bridge — right into the heart of the city — and lade and unlade on the quays.

    The principal thoroughfares and buildings in the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 167

24. Cork Improvement Act 1852 transferred prison governance to city

    Cork · city · Cork · 1852

    The Grand Jury formerly appointed the Board of Superintendence for city and county prisons. The Cork Improvement Act of 1852 shifted this authority to the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses for prisons within the county of the city of Cork.

    Read the passage

    The Grand Jury formerly appointed the Board of Superintendence of the city, as well as of the county prisons, but by the Cork Improvement Act, 15 and 16 Victoria, passed in 1852, it was enacted that the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses shall appoint the said Board of Superintendence, officers, and servants of prisons within the county of the city of Cork, instead of the said Grand Jury.

    The County Lunatic Asylum stands on the northern bank of the river Lee. The style of architecture is of the 14th century. The chapel and tower of a more advanced period. It is spread along an immense frontage, and is as windy as the caves of JEolus. The annual number of patients is somewhere about 500. The building was commenced in 1847, and erected at an enormous expense to the county.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 186

25. Cork mayoral oligarchy 1435–1610

    Cork · city · Cork · 1435–1610

    Cork's chief magistrate was chosen for 175 years (1435–1610) from a small circle of families including Goulds, Roches, Terrys, Meads, Coppingers, Galways, Sarsfields, Morroghs, Skiddys, Ronaynes, Walters, and Lavallyns, with only five exceptions.

    Read the passage

    The chief magistrate was chosen for the space of a hundred and seventy-five years — that is, from 1435 to 1610 — with but five exceptions,* from the following names : — Goulds, Eoches, Terrys, Meads, Coppingers, Galways, Sarsfields, Morroghs, Skiddys, Eonaynes, Walters, and Lavallyns. Sir Henry Sydney tells

    * The Jive exceptions are— Godfrey Naiole, John Mezca, Christopher Creagh, Henry Walsh, and Francis Martel.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 7

26. Danish Landing in Kerry Defeated Near Killarney, 812

    Killarney · town · Kerry · 812

    The Danes made a landing in Kerry as early as 812 but were defeated near Killarney by Art, son of Cathal, king of Munster. This was among the earliest Danish attacks on the coast of Munster in the ninth century.

    Read the passage

    We do not know what Doctor Smith means by the " received opinion." But we do know that his Danish theory is opposed to all the statements of our most reliable chroniclers. The Danes commenced their plundering and pirating on the coast of Munster, in the early part of the ninth century.* They made a landing in Kerry as early as 812, but were defeated near Killarney by Art, son of Cathal, king of Munster. We learn from the Annals of Clonmacnoise that the " Island of Corlce" by which we understand the city of Cork — not the south suburbs, but the island city — was spoilefi and ransacked by the Danes in 819. The Four Masters say 820. In 833 the city was devastated by the Danes ; in 837 the county was miserably harassed by the Danes; in 842 Cork was plundered and burnt, and its bishop slain by the Danes ; in 913 Cork was burned and plundered by the Danes ; in 960, 978, 995, and 1012 Cork was wasted, plundered and burned by the Danes. In 918 they got "peaceable possession of this province," but it was not till 1172 that the "great city of Munster" and the adjacent county was "quietly possessed by the Danes or Ostmen." We suppose the Danes built the walls of Cork. It would appear from the frequency and facility with which they plundered and burnt the city, that it had no walls. They knew how to guard what they had seized ; but they practised the cuckoo policy of seizing nests which they had not built:

    » Ninth century. The Annals of Clonmacnoise say Rachryn was burned by the Danes in 1792. " This," says Dr. O'Donovan, " is the first attack on record made by the Danes upon any part of Ireland." — four Masters, vol. i. p. 397.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 157

27. Dean Swift's description of the wild western coast

    near Glandore · population centre · Cork

    Dean Swift spent a summer in the neighbourhood of the western Cork coast and described the wild and magnificent scenery from Glandore westward in his Latin poem Carbriee Eupes, echoing Virgil's bold style.

    Read the passage

    Nothing can be more wild or magnificent than the coast from Glandore to the extreme west of the county, with its bluff headlands. Dean Swift, who spent a summer in this neighbourhood, describes it in his Carbriee Eupes, parts of which remind us of Virgil's best and boldest style : —

    " Ecce ingens fragmen scopoli, quod vertice summo Desuper impendet, nullo fundamine nixura Decidit in fluctus, maria undique, et undique saxa Horrisono stridore tenant, et ad sethera murmur Erigitur "

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 269

    As the companion tells it

    Coming through Glandore puts you on the coast Dean Swift knew. He spent a summer in this neighbourhood and wrote his Latin poem Carbriee Eupes about the wild, magnificent shoreline from Glandore west to the far end of the county, with its bluff headlands. Parts of it echo Virgil's boldest style, with lines about a great fragment of cliff hanging overhead and crashing down into the waves.

28. Dr. Barter's Turkish bath at St. Anne's, Blarney

    near Blarney · townland · Cork

    About a mile and a half from Blarney Castle stood St. Anne's, Dr. Barter's establishment on a fine eminence with pleasure grounds. Originally a 'cold water' establishment, it became known for its Turkish or warm air bath, described as offering more than eastern luxury.

    Read the passage

    About a mile and a-half from Blarney Castle is St. Anne's, Doctor Barter's establishment. It stands on a

    * Who owns that station. Blarney, where we now have a railway station. The metre and style of the Groves of Blarney, of which we have given a specimen above, are an imitation of a similar production — by a " drunken cobbler," — in praise of Castle-Hyde.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 253

29. Dungourney rath and Barry castle remains

    Dungourney · townland · Cork · 1315–1700

    In the parish of Dungourney, north-east of Midleton, there is an ancient Irish rath. On a rock near the church are the remains of a castle of the Barrys, a collateral branch of the Barrymores, who possessed the Dungourney property from 1315 to 1700.

    Read the passage

    In the parish of Dungourney, to the north east of Midleton, is an ancient Irish rath ; and on a rock, near the church, the remains of a castle of the Barry s, a collateral branch of the Barrymores, which collateral branch possessed the Dungourney property, from 1315 to 1700.

    Castlemartyr, the residence of the Earl of Shannon, is not far from the Mogeely station. It was formerly called Ballymartyr. Here, before the English conquest, dwelt Mac Tire, chieftain of the ancient sept of Ui Mocaille, from which the barony of Imokilly gets its name. This was the Mac Tirid ^ho, "stealing

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 233

30. Dunscombe's Marsh surrendered after siege of Cork, 1691

    Cork · city · Cork · 1686–1691

    The south-east marsh, alias Dunscombe's Marsh, also called the great marsh of Cork, was leased to Alderman Noblett Dunscombe in perpetuity at £26 rent. After the siege of Cork in 1691, Dunscombe surrendered it as too dear, and the council granted a new perpetual lease at £10 rent with a £100 fine.

    Read the passage

    " On the 27th of March, 1686, a lease of the North Strand was made by the corporation to Alderman Noblett Dunscombe, for 399 years, rent £2 10s. A lease of part of the north-east marsh was also made by the corporation to said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe for ever, rent £1 Is. 5Jd. A lease of the south-east marsh — the great marsh of Cork— alias Dunscombe's marsh, was also made by the corporation to said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe for ever, rent £26. After the siege of Cork, 1691, the south-east marsh, alias Dunscombe's marsh, was surrendered by said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe, being too dear. The council accepted the surrender, and granted a new lease for ever, rent £10, and a fine of £100. Said Alderman Noblett Dunscombe also held another marsh, but after the siege of Cork, 1691, surrendered it, and some years after it was leased to Mr. Pike."

    The corporation let, sold, mortgaged, gave, and jobbed away their lands and strands, fisheries, markets, prisage tolls, everything. No young spenthriffc heir ever ran through a handsome estate with more recklessness than the old mayors and council-men of Cork. Take the following. It is

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 96

31. First sod cut for Queenstown railway branch at Cork, 1859

    Midleton · town · Cork · 1859

    On the same occasion as the bridge foundation, the Earl of Carlisle cut the first sod for the Queenstown branch of the Cork and Youghal Railway. D. Leopold Lewis of Midleton had provided all the railway's funds and entertained a distinguished party there.

    Read the passage

    The foundation of the new bridge — now in course of erection — was laid, by His Excellency the Earl of Carlisle, the 10th of November, 1859, on which occasion, our mayor, John Arnott, Esquire, Member of Parliament for Kinsale, received the honor of knighthood. His Excellency, on the same occasion, cut the first sod on the Queenstown branch of the Cork and Youghal Kailway, and was entertained, along with a large and

    328 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 167

32. French fleet of 44 ships appears off Baltimore and enters Bantry Bay

    Baltimore · town · Cork · 1689

    A French fleet of forty-four ships under Count de Chateau Renaud appeared off Baltimore on 29 April and entered Bantry Bay. This was part of the ongoing French military support for James II's campaign in Ireland.

    Read the passage

    A French fleet of forty-four ships, under the command of Count de Chateau Eenaud, appeared off Baltimore, on the 29th of April, and entered Bantry Bay.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 77

    As the companion tells it

    As you come through Baltimore, this is the town where a French fleet of 44 ships appeared offshore on 29 April 1689. They were under the command of Count de Chateau Renaud, and after showing themselves here they sailed on and entered Bantry Bay.

33. French Protestant chapel in French Church Street

    French Church Street · street · Cork · 1685–1717

    A Wesleyan chapel in French Church Street, off Patrick Street, originally belonged to the French Protestants who settled in Cork after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. The Presbyterian chapel in Prince's Street was rebuilt on Dunscombe's Marsh in 1717, and there was also a Presbyterian chapel in St. Peter's parish by 1699.

    Read the passage

    t Methodist chapel. There is another Wesleyan chapel in French Church Street, off Patrick Street, which originally belonged to the French Protestants, who settled in Cork after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.

    § Cork newspapers. — The Southern or Daily Reporter was established in 1807 ; the Constitution in 1821 ; the Cork Examiner in 1841 ; and the Herald in 1856.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 161

34. Gillabbey used as quarters and route between camps

    Cork · city · Cork

    The Dean's house at Gillabbey served as a passage between the two besieging camps around Cork. Scravenmore brought all his horse to join the besiegers and took up his quarters at Gillabbey.

    Read the passage

    "26th. I went to the camp early, and missing Scravenmore, I delivered my message myself to the Earl of Marlborough, after which I went home, and in the afternoon shewed a new way from one camp to the other, by my house at Gillabbey. In the evening the Duke of Wurtemberg came to the camp on the north side of the city, we being also in possession of Shandon Castle ; whence our cannon played both into the forts and the city ; and Scravenmore, bringing over all his horse to join us, took up his quarters at Gillabbey.

    " 27th. The enemy having deserted their works at the Cat, without a blow struck, we became masters of it, and began to east bombs into the city."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 81

35. Irish army advances on Lismore

    Lismore and Mocollop · parish · Cork · 1642

    During the 1642 rebellion, portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, which was under the care of Lord Broghill, described as the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. Broghill wrote letters from Lismore detailing the military situation.

    Read the passage

    Temple says, that while the Irish remained about Mallow they consumed no less than 50,000, others say 100,000, sheep, and a great quantity of other cattle, the property of the English. General Barry hovered for spme time about Cork, while other portions of the Irish army advanced upon Lismore, which was under the care of Lord Broghill, the ablest of Lord Cork's sons. He writes his father thus : —

    " MY MOST NOBLE LORD,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 35

36. James II lodged in old island house, Cork, 1689

    Cork · city · Cork · 1689

    James II came to Cork from Kinsale in 1689 and lodged in the old island house of the Dominican friars. After the accession of William of Orange, the brethren deserted it, and it was used as a residence by the mayor or governor of Cork, later becoming the town mansion of the Earl of Inchiquin.

    Read the passage

    James II., who came to Cork from Kinsale in 1689, lodged in the old island house. It was deserted by the brethren on the accession of William, Prince of Orange, and used as a residence by the mayor or governor of Cork. It afterwards became the town mansion of the Earl of Inchiquin. This family pos-

    371

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 188

37. John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald knighted at Cloyne by Mountjoy

    Cloyne · town · Cork · 1602

    Lord Deputy Mountjoy lodged at Cloyne on 8 March 1602 at the manor house belonging to the bishop, then held in fee farm by John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald. In recognition of his loyalty to the English crown, Mountjoy knighted him at departure.

    Read the passage

    of John Fitzedmond Fitzgerald, of Clone, [Cloyne] co. Cork, gent.," which recites his services, as sheriff of Cork, against the rebels — his decay — his prayer for the fee farm of Chore, Tracton, Ballymartyr, Cork-beg, and the common gaol of Cork, called the King's Castle, which he will rebuild, and the constableship, with a fee. He also asks for the reversion of the abbey of Tracton, and the parsonage of Cork-beg. The petition is addressed to the Privy Council. The Lord Deputy Mountjoy, in his journey from Cork to Waterford, (March 8th, 1602,) " lodged at Clone, [Cloyne] a town manor house belonging to the bishop of that sea, but now passed in fee farm to Master John Fitzedmonds^ who gave cheerful and plentiful entertainment to his lordship, and all such of the nobility, captains, gentlemen, and others, as attended him. The deputy, as well to requite his perpetual loyalty to the crown of England, as also to encourage others in the like, at his departure, did honour him with the order of knighthood."— Pac. Hil>., p. 503.

    The site of Carlisle Fort,* and the heath around it, was sold by the late Mr. Penrose Fitzgerald, of Corkbeg, for a very large sum of money, to the government. On the high ground near the fort, stands Eupert's Tower, f and further south, near the mouth of the harbour, the police barracks and the lighthouse, and round the south-east point, Eoche's Tower. In the valley, at the other side of this line of hills, is Trabolgan,J the noble mansion and demesne of Lord

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 223

38. Killeagh nunnery founded by St. Abban, 7th century

    Killeagh · town · Cork · 600–699

    A nunnery is said to have been founded at Killeagh in the 7th century by St. Abban, near the spot where the parish church now stands. The town consists of one regular street containing about 150 houses, with a handsome new Catholic chapel recently built.

    Read the passage

    The town consists of one regular street, neatly built, containing about 150 houses. A nunnery is said to have been founded here, in the 7th century, by St. Abban, near the spot where the parish church now stands. A very handsome new Catholic chapel has just been built here. There is a railway station here. Near the town, and on the rising ground, above the road to Youghal, is Drondihy House and demesne, the seat of Eoger Green Davis ; here, also, is Mount Uniacke, the residence of Norman Uniacke, and Aghadoe House, which is thus described by a writer, in 1836. The principal seat is Aghadoe House, the residence of Sir Arthur de Capell f Brooke, baronet, not more remarkable for natural beauties than for its having remained in the same family more than 600 years, while nearly all the other estates in the South of Ireland have been confiscated. It was granted, in 1172, to Philip de Capell, lineal ancestor of the present baronet, and is called by the peasantry " the maiden estate," to distinguish it from the numerous forfeited properties in its vicinity.

    Smith speaks of " Aghada, the house and plantations of Richard Supple." Eichard Brooke Supple, F.B.S., assumed the sign manual, and the original surname of

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 234

39. King William dines at Kilkenny with Duke of Ormond

    Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny · 1690

    On 19 July, King William dined at Kilkenny with the Duke of Ormond and all the court, while the army remained in camp expecting the foot to come up in order to attack Waterford, which the enemy still maintained.

    Read the passage

    " 19th. We continued still in our camp, in expectation of the foot coming up, in order to attack Waterford, which the enemy maintain. No action happened, except a prey or two taken and brought in. This day the king dined at Kilkenny, with the Duke of Ormond and all the court.

    " 21st. I went to Clonmel, to visit Mr. Thomas

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 78

40. Luckombe's 1783 description of Cork streets

    Cork · city · Cork · 1783

    Philip Luckombe described Cork in 1783 as a large and extensive city. The Main Street between the gates was very broad, but other parts were mostly narrow lanes cutting the Main Street at right angles, one of which, only ten feet wide, was called Broad Lane.

    Read the passage

    my expectation. The Main Street between the gates is very broad, but other parts mostly composed of lanes, cutting the Main Street at right angles, and so narrow, that one of them, which is but ten feet wide, is called Broad Lane." We are not, therefore, surprised to find that the Main Street — by which we are to understand the present North and South Main Streets — was called at various epochs the Eoyal Street, the Queen's Majesty's Street, the King's Street, and His Highness' Street. This was a way the Cork people had of honoring distinguished personages. Mr. Windele affords us the following amusing example : —

    " In the hey-day of the volunteers, (1783,) public gratitude was expressed to the celebrated Grattan, by giving his name to this street ; but shortly after the corporation took umbrage at his conduct, on some question of that day, dislodged the name, and in 1798 imposed that of Admiral Duncan. The business was managed on the motion of Mr. Charles Cole ; but in 1806, when that gentleman was sheriff, the late Mr. Cooper Penrose thought it an appropriate opportunity to express his dissent from the act, and caused a stone to be put up, with the name of Grattan Street inscribed in gold letters, where it still remains." But, notwithstanding the gold letters, it is called Duncan Street to this day.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 158

    As the companion tells it

    Cork, which the road passes through, was described by Philip Luckombe in 1783 as a large and extensive city. The Main Street between the gates was very broad, but other parts were mostly narrow lanes cutting the Main Street at right angles. One of them, only ten feet wide, was called Broad Lane. That Main Street is what we now understand as the present North and South Main Streets. Over the years it was called the Royal Street, the Queen's Majesty's Street, the King's Street, and His Highness' Street. This was the Cork people's way of honoring distinguished personages. In 1783, in the heyday of the volunteers, public gratitude was expressed to the celebrated Grattan by giving his name to this street. But shortly after, the corporation took umbrage at his conduct on some question of that day, dislodged the name, and in 1798 imposed that of Admiral Duncan. The business was managed on the motion of Mr. Charles Cole. In 1806, when that gentleman was sheriff, the late Mr. Cooper Penrose thought it an appropriate opportunity to express his dissent from the act, and caused a stone to be put up, with the name of Grattan Street inscribed in gold letters, where it still remains. But notwithstanding the gold letters, it is called Duncan Street to this day.

41. Monanimy ruins linked to Knights of St. John

    Monanimy · parish · Cork

    Near the village of Killavullan are the ruins of Monanimy, thought to belong to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem.

    Read the passage

    Continuing to ascend the Blackwater, we come to the little town or village of Killavullan, near which are the ruins of Monanimy, thought to belong to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. About a mile to the eastward of the village is Carrigacunna Castle.* The old castle is a square massive tower, seventy feet high, which looks down as sternly on the plain as it did 200 years ago. Close by stands the modern and peaceful

    * Carriffacunna Castle, rendered by Crofton Croker, Carrignaconny, " the rabbit's -rock."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 243

42. Public ovens ordered near Corn Market, 1794

    Cork · city · Cork · 1794

    In December 1794, the Court of D'Oyer Hundred ordered the erection of public ovens near the Corn Market in Cork, to supply citizens with legally sized bread when bakers refused to do so. Ground near the Corn Market was designated for the new bakery.

    Read the passage

    * Household loaf. An order of the Court of D'Oyer Hundred was passed, December 3rd, 1794, for the erection of public ovens, to be used when the bakers should not think proper to supply the citizens with bread of the legal size. Ground near the Corn Market was ordered to be taken for the new bakery.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 109

43. Shoemaker tarred and feathered in Cork, 1784

    Cork · city · Cork · 1784

    A shoemaker underwent the newly-adopted operation of tarring and feathering on the 24th of August, 1784, in Cork. The author ranks this punishment, along with the pillory, under the heading of popular amusements of the period.

    Read the passage

    A shoemaker underwent the newly-adopted operation of tarring and feathering, on the 24th of August, 1784.

    We are disposed to rank the pillory and tarring and feathering under the head of popular amusements. In the same class we may place cock-fighting and bull-baiting. The former was deemed a sport fit for a gentleman. " March 7th, 1767. A great cock-match between Eichard Longfield, of Castle-Mary, in the county of Cork, and Mr. Burton, in the county of Carlow, ended and was won by the latter."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 105

44. Simon Lightfoot of Kinsale robbed in 1642 rebellion

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1642

    Simon Lightfoot, a Protestant resident of Kinsale, filed a deposition claiming losses of £141 in goods and chattels during the 1642 rebellion. Unlike many deponents, he was literate and signed his own name.

    Read the passage

    of February last past, he lost, was robbed, and forceably despoyled, of his goods, and chattells, and debts, to the value of 19s. 6d." Sir Eobert Tirrell, late of the barony of Small, county of Cork, knight," lost to the value of £1,786. Dina Holland, a "Brittish Protestant," wife of John Holland, of Enniskcene, in the parish of Kineagh, " deposeth, on the part of her husband, now sick, that he was robbed to the amount of £59," Dina makes " her marke," and a queer mark it is. Those Protestants had no idea of writing. Mary Berry, widow and relict of Richard Berry, of Gaggen, in the parish of Ballymoody, deposeth to the loss of eight cowes, fower yong heffers, one mare and colt, to the value of £25, with oats, wheat, and rye, value eight pounds, and four pounds in ready money. Mary's name and mark are arranged thus : " Mary M. B. Berry's mark." Thomas Bulmar's li mke " or marke, is a B on its back, thus, PQ , which looks like two bee-hives. Simon Lightfoot, of Kinsale, who lost " goods and chattells " to the amount of £141, signs himself " Symon S. L. light foote." Joane Crews, late of Mawlare, county of Corke, wid.," was robbed of £73, and her husband, " because he had a fowling piece in his hand." Joan Law, a widow of Donowraile," lost property to the value of £16 8s., including " three fowling pieces and fortie shillings." John Egan, of Mayallow — Mallow — makes his mark, and says he lost £35. Lawrence Spenser, in the barony of Kinalmeaky, in the county of Cork, yeoman, was robbed of £220 5s. Lawrence Spenser makes his mark. Was this a descendant of the poet ? We have also, in the deposition numbered 2,353, the name of Eobert Milton. The

    60 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 34

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up along Kinsale, in Cork. In 1642, during the rebellion, a Protestant man named Simon Lightfoot, who lived here, filed a deposition saying he had been robbed of goods and chattels worth £141. The record of what he lost survives among the depositions taken from Protestants across county Cork after the rising. What sets Simon Lightfoot apart in those records is that he could write. Most of the people who gave evidence could not. Dina Holland, wife of John Holland of Enniskcene, in the parish of Kineagh, deposed on behalf of her sick husband, who was robbed of £59, and she made her mark. Mary Berry, widow of Richard Berry of Gaggen, in the parish of Ballymoody, deposed to the loss of eight cows, four young heifers, one mare and colt, oats, wheat, rye, and four pounds in ready money. Her name and mark were written down as Mary, then M. B., then Berry's mark. Thomas Bulmar's mark was a B on its back, which looked like two bee-hives. John Egan of Mallow made his mark. Lawrence Spenser, a yeoman in the barony of Kinalmeaky, robbed of £220 and 5 shillings, made his mark too. Simon Lightfoot signed himself, in his own hand, Symon S. L. light foote. That signature alone tells you something about him among the deponents of Cork in 1642.

45. Sir Charles Coote's passage through Mountrath woods to relieve Birr

    Birr or Parsonstown · town · Offaly · 1642

    In 1642, Sir Charles Coote (father of the Earl of Mountrath) made a surprising military passage through Mountrath woods for the relief of Birr. Both father and son fought on the side of Parliament.

    Read the passage

    f Sir Charles Coote was raised to the peerage, by the title of the Earl of Mountrath, in 1661. His father, Sir Charles, made a surprising passage through Mountrath woods, for the relief of Birr, in 1642. Both father and son fought on the side of the parliament. The father was slain in a sally at Trim, in 1642.

    " HE OF THE KING'S DEATH-WARRANT." 125

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 66

46. Sir James Cotter monument at Carrigtohill church

    Carrigtohill · town · Cork

    In the old parish church of Carrigtohill is a monument of Italian marble erected to the memory of Sir James Cotter, who lived at Ballinsperrig (now Annesgrove). A tradition holds that James II lodged there, supported by an elegy calling Ballinsperrig 'The Palace of James.'

    Read the passage

    Carrigtohill * is described by Smith as " a small village, eight [Irish] miles from Cork, seated on an arm of the sea, which at high water flows under a bridge of eight arches, and overspreads a large tract of lan<J, making an excellent marsh for fattening horses." It is scarcely correct to call the marsh an arm of the sea. Carrigtohill lies to the north of the Little Island, round which a stream of salt water still manages to creep. In the old parish church of Carrigtohill is a monument of Italian marble, erected to the memory of Sir James Cotter, of whom we have spoken

    * Carrigtohill, or Carrigtoille, means " a caved rock," from carry, a rock, and faille, a cave. The limestone rock abounds here.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 232

47. Sir James Fitzpatrick inspects Cork city and county gaols, 1786

    Cork · city · Cork · 1786

    Sir James Fitzpatrick, a noted philanthropist, arrived in Cork in June 1786 after touring much of the kingdom to inspect prisons. On the 4th of June he made a minute inspection of the city and county gaols, discovering many deficiencies and very great abuses.

    Read the passage

    The labors of the philanthropist Howard had not as yet told favorably on the sad condition of the prisoner. This celebrated philanthropist visited our city on the 18th of June, 1737. He was preceded by Sir James Fitzpatrick in 1786. " Sir James Fitzpatrick, a gentleman of distinguished philanthropy, arrived in this city, after having made a tour through a great part of this kingdom, for the purpose of visiting the prisons. On the 4th [June] he made a minute inspection of the gaols of this city and county, in which he discovered many deficiencies and very great abuses. On the 5th and 6th he was entertained by the mayor and sheriffs, and on the 7th was waited on, at his lodgings, by the * Cork Society for the Belief and Discharge of Confined Debtors,' who presented to him, in elegant binding, the printed account of their proceedings from their first institution, with an address, delivered by their secretary, the Eev. Francis Orpen."

    But our city and county gaols possessed one property, which made compensation, at least to criminals, for most of their ills, it was easy to escape from them. Nothing was more common in those days than 11 breaking prison."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 100

48. South Gaol opens second door to separate debtors, 1775

    Cork · city · Cork · 1775

    Not until 1775 was a second door opened in Cork's south gaol to separate debtors from criminals, indicating the previously unsegregated and poor state of the prison. Prison breakouts were reportedly commonplace in the city and county gaols of the period.

    Read the passage

    The condition of Cork prisons in the latter part of the eighteenth century, was not such as to reconcile a debtor to the loss of his personal liberty. It was not till the year 1775 that a second door was opened in the south gaol, to separate the debtors from the criminals. The debtors in the south gaol complained, through the medium of the Cork papers, as late as November, 1782, that they were reduced to the necessity of drinking salt water : — " The debtors in the south gaol were reduced to the necessity of drinking salt water very often for the last three months, their pumps being for a long time dry, and many of them

    no borrowed gown, or in default, be censured and amerced or excluded from his degree of councillor until he should buy a gown de novo.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 100

49. St. Francis' Abbey on North Mall described in 1700

    North Mall · street · Cork · 1700

    Dive Downes, Protestant Bishop of Cork, described St. Francis' abbey on the north side of the Lee in his Visitation of 1700, noting its site contained a few gardens on the side of the hill. The abbey was called the 'Mirror of Ireland.'

    Read the passage

    " St. Francis' abbey, on the north side of the Lee, in the north suburbs of Cork. The site of it contains a few gardens on the side of the hill, near the abbey.

    * Dwe Bournes. I take this opportunity of expressing my great obligations to the Rev. William Maziere Brady, of Newmarket, rector of Clonfert, who has furnished me with a most correct and excellent copy of the " Visitation of Dive Downes," Bishop of Cork and Ross from 1691 to 1709. The original manuscript was presented to the Library of Trinity College, March 19th, 1849, by Samuel Moore Kyle, LL.D., Archdeacon of Cork, Vicar-General. Archdeacon Kyle got

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 173

50. The Priory, Newmarket — residence of John Philpot Curran

    Newmarket · town · Cork

    Near Newmarket stood Mount Keeffe and the Priory, formerly the residence of John Philpot Curran, the celebrated orator. Curran was a townsman and contemporary of Barry Yelverton, and the two went to school together at Midleton.

    Read the passage

    Newmarket is between four and five miles from Kanturk. It formed a part of the forfeited estates of the Mac Auliffes, and was granted to the Aid worth family, who established a new market here, hence the name. Newmarket House, the seat of Eichard Oliver Aidworth, a descendant of the St. Legers, is near the town. Here also is Mount Keeffe, and the Priory, formerly the residence of John Philpot Curran. f Curran was a townsman and cotemporary with Barry Yelverton. "When boys they went to school together to Midleton. Yelverton was raised to the Irish peerage in 1736, and to the dignity of Viscount Avonmore, for his services

    * The Freemans possessed considerable property in this county. Anne Freeman married Edmund Spenser, a lineal descendant of the poet.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 248

51. Three cantreds granted to Fitzstephen by Henry II

    Cork · city · Cork

    On the north side of the river lay three cantreds of ground granted by Henry II to Fitzstephen, which Fitzstephen left to his nephew Philip de Barry, and which King John confirmed to William de Barry. The Barrymore property lay chiefly on the north bank of the river and harbour of Cork.

    Read the passage

    We now cross the opening or glen — called Blackpool, or the Watercourse — which cuts the chain of mountains on the northern side of the river. On Patrick's hill, which forms the eastern spur of the Glanmire ridge of hills, stands Barry's castle. The site is still pointed out on old maps. The castle is now called Audley House, and is in the possession of our respected fellow-citizen, Mr. Keane. On this side of the river lay the three cantreds of ground granted by Henry II. to Fitzstephen, which Fitzstephen left to his nephew, Philip de Barry, and which King John confirmed to William de Barry. The Barrymore property lies chiefly on the north bank of the river and harbour of Cork.

    The Catholic Church of St. Patrick, on the Lower Glanmire Koad, was erected in 1845 by the Eight Rev* Doctor Murphy, Catholic Bishop of Cork. It is a handsome Grecian edifice, by no means unworthy of the refined taste of the architect, Mr. G. R. Paine.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 194

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, the north side of the river is where the three cantreds of ground were granted by Henry 2 to Fitzstephen. Fitzstephen left those lands to his nephew Philip de Barry, and King John later confirmed them to William de Barry. The Barrymore property lay chiefly on the north bank of the river and harbour of Cork. The chain of mountains on the northern side is cut by the opening called Blackpool, or the Watercourse. On Patrick's hill, the eastern spur of the Glanmire ridge, stood Barry's castle. The site is still pointed out on old maps. The castle is now called Audley House and was in the possession of Mr. Keane. The Catholic Church of Saint Patrick, on the Lower Glanmire Road, was erected in 1845 by Doctor Murphy, Catholic Bishop of Cork. It is a handsome Grecian edifice, by no means unworthy of the refined taste of the architect, Mr. G. R. Paine.

52. Waterford held by Jacobite forces, William plans attack

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1690

    William's army encamped in expectation of attacking Waterford, which the enemy maintained. The king dined at Kilkenny while the foot was awaited to mount the assault on the Jacobite-held city.

    Read the passage

    " 19th. We continued still in our camp, in expectation of the foot coming up, in order to attack Waterford, which the enemy maintain. No action happened, except a prey or two taken and brought in. This day the king dined at Kilkenny, with the Duke of Ormond and all the court.

    " 21st. I went to Clonmel, to visit Mr. Thomas

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 78

53. Youghal receives charter of incorporation from King John

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1209

    Youghal is a borough town of remote antiquity that received a charter of incorporation from King John as early as 1209. The charter is still preserved among the archives of Lismore Castle, the property of the Duke of Devonshire. Before the Act of Independence, Youghal returned two members to the Irish Parliament.

    Read the passage

    Independence, returned two members to the Irish parliament. Its first foundation is of remote antiquity. It received from King John a charter of incorporation, as early as 1209, which is still preserved among the archives of Lismore Castle, the property of the Duke of Devonshire.

    The charter of the 49 Edward III. directs that the dues hitherto paid at Cork for certain staple articles, shall be henceforth paid in the port of Youghal. The following petition from Cole's Exchequer Documents, illustrative of English history, proves there was a receiver of customs in the port of Youghal, as early as the 18 Edward I. : —

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 235

54. Dominican Abbey of Kilmallock suppressed

    Kilmallock · town · Limerick · 1544

    The Dominican Abbey of Kilmallock was suppressed around the same time as the Cork monastery in the mid-sixteenth century. George Grenliffe offered to take the abbey and its lands at a yearly rent of four pounds and ten shillings, promising good service in getting goshawks and merlins.

    Read the passage

    •^Six Shillings and nine-pence. The Dominican Abbey of Kilmallock was suppressed about this time, when George Grenliffe offered to take the abbey and lands at a yearly rent of £4 10s. He at the same time promises good service in getting Gosshawkes and Merlyons.— Calender of State Papers, A.D. 1509-1573, p. 163.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 187

55. Glanworth Abbey, founded by the Roches in 1227

    Glanworth · town · Cork · 1227

    In the locality of Glanworth are the ruins of an abbey said to have been founded by the Roche family in 1227. The district was anciently called Glanore or Glen-Oir, meaning 'the Golden Glen,' from its great fertility.

    Read the passage

    a round tower. 'In this locality are the ruins of an abbey, said to have been founded by the Roches in 1227. Between Glanworth and Fermoy is a large cromlech, the top, or altar-stone, of which is 17 feet long by 8 feet wide.

    Mitchelstown is a market and post town, in the parish of Brigown,* and barony of Condons and Clongibbons, the country of the White Knights. Fitzgibbon, the White Knight, who betrayed the last Earl of Desmond, died without male issue. His daughter, Margaret, the heiress to his estates, married William Fenton, son of Sir Geoffrey Fenton, Secretary of State for Ireland, and brother-in-law to the first Earl of Cork, who makes the following entry of the marriage in his diary : —

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 241

56. O'Donovan's father burned bishop's house at Ross, 1585

    Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1585–1599

    In 1585, the father of Donnell O'Donovan burned the bishop's house at Rosscarbery. The same chief later met O'Neill at Inniscarra in 1599 to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.

    Read the passage

    * A loyal subject.— It was his father who, in 1585, burned the bishop's house, at Ross, see p. 354 and who met O'Neill, at Inniscarra, in 1599, to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.

    516 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 264

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Ross Carbery. In 1585, the father of Donnell O'Donovan burned the bishop's house here. The same chief later met O'Neill at Inniscarra in 1599 to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.

57. St Mary's Church Youghal: monuments of notable families

    Youghal · town · Cork

    St Mary's Church, Youghal, contains monuments of Lord Broghill (the Earl of Cork's ablest son), Thomas Fleming Lord of Slane, Sir Edward Villiers, and the Meades, Bennetts, and Haymans families. Two Drew family monuments are also present, the family claiming descent from William, second son of Richard, fourth Duke of Normandy.

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    St. Mary's, of Youghal, contains the monuments of Lord Broghill, the Earl of Cork's ablest son, • — the first earl begat a son in his own likeness — of Thomas Fleming, Lord of Slane ; and of Sir Edward Villiers :

    " HERE LIES THE BODY OF SIE EDWARD VILLERS,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala

58. Joan Law, widow of Doneraile, robbed during 1642 rebellion

    Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1642

    Joan Law, a widow from Doneraile, filed a deposition claiming losses worth £16 8s. during the 1642 rebellion, including three fowling pieces and forty shillings in money.

    Read the passage

    of February last past, he lost, was robbed, and forceably despoyled, of his goods, and chattells, and debts, to the value of 19s. 6d." Sir Eobert Tirrell, late of the barony of Small, county of Cork, knight," lost to the value of £1,786. Dina Holland, a "Brittish Protestant," wife of John Holland, of Enniskcene, in the parish of Kineagh, " deposeth, on the part of her husband, now sick, that he was robbed to the amount of £59," Dina makes " her marke," and a queer mark it is. Those Protestants had no idea of writing. Mary Berry, widow and relict of Richard Berry, of Gaggen, in the parish of Ballymoody, deposeth to the loss of eight cowes, fower yong heffers, one mare and colt, to the value of £25, with oats, wheat, and rye, value eight pounds, and four pounds in ready money. Mary's name and mark are arranged thus : " Mary M. B. Berry's mark." Thomas Bulmar's li mke " or marke, is a B on its back, thus, PQ , which looks like two bee-hives. Simon Lightfoot, of Kinsale, who lost " goods and chattells " to the amount of £141, signs himself " Symon S. L. light foote." Joane Crews, late of Mawlare, county of Corke, wid.," was robbed of £73, and her husband, " because he had a fowling piece in his hand." Joan Law, a widow of Donowraile," lost property to the value of £16 8s., including " three fowling pieces and fortie shillings." John Egan, of Mayallow — Mallow — makes his mark, and says he lost £35. Lawrence Spenser, in the barony of Kinalmeaky, in the county of Cork, yeoman, was robbed of £220 5s. Lawrence Spenser makes his mark. Was this a descendant of the poet ? We have also, in the deposition numbered 2,353, the name of Eobert Milton. The

    60 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 34

59. O'Donovan met O'Neill at Inniscarra, 1599

    Inishcarra · parish · Cork · 1599

    In 1599, the father of Donnell O'Donovan met O'Neill at Inniscarra to prepare for a new campaign against Queen Elizabeth's government, linking the location to late Elizabethan military plotting.

    Read the passage

    * A loyal subject.— It was his father who, in 1585, burned the bishop's house, at Ross, see p. 354 and who met O'Neill, at Inniscarra, in 1599, to prepare for a new campaign against the queen's government.

    516 HISTORY OF CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 264

60. Sir Charles Coote slain in a sally at Trim

    Trim · town · Meath · 1642

    Sir Charles Coote, father of the Earl of Mountrath, was killed in a sally at Trim in 1642. He and his son both fought on the side of Parliament during the wars of that period.

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    f Sir Charles Coote was raised to the peerage, by the title of the Earl of Mountrath, in 1661. His father, Sir Charles, made a surprising passage through Mountrath woods, for the relief of Birr, in 1642. Both father and son fought on the side of the parliament. The father was slain in a sally at Trim, in 1642.

    " HE OF THE KING'S DEATH-WARRANT." 125

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 66

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Trim, this is where Sir Charles Coote was slain in a sally in 1642. He and his son both fought on the side of Parliament. The elder Coote had made a surprising passage through Mountrath woods for the relief of Birr that same year. His son was raised to the peerage as Earl of Mountrath in 1661.