The history of the county and city of Cork (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. Maurice Burke, Mayor of Cork, suppresses Desmond Rebellion

   Cork · city · Cork · 1571

   Maurice Fitz-Edmund Burke, while serving as mayor of Cork in 1571, received an autograph letter from Queen Elizabeth along with a patent and collar of SS in recognition of his services in suppressing the rebellion of the Earl of Desmond. He was descended from the Roche family of Fermoy.

   Read the passage

   Edmund Burke Roche, Baron of Fermoy, is descended from Edmund, the third son of David, Lord Roche, and Viscount Fermoy. A son of this Edmund — Maurice Fitz-Edmund Burke — received, when mayor of Cork, in 1571, an autograph letter from Queen Elizabeth, with a patent and collar of SS, in acknowledgment of his services in suppressing the rebellion of the Earl of Desmond.

   I have explained, in a note on the second page of this volume, that Henry IV. of England, was the first that gave the little flower, called "forget-me-not," its poetic meaning, by uniting it on his collar of SS, with his watchword " Souveigne vous de may"

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 240

   As the companion tells it

   As you come through Cork, this is the city where Maurice Fitz-Edmund Burke served as mayor in 1571. He was descended from the Roche family of Fermoy, through Edmund, the third son of David, Lord Roche and Viscount Fermoy. While mayor, he received an autograph letter from Queen Elizabeth, along with a patent and a collar of SS, in acknowledgment of his services in suppressing the rebellion of the Earl of Desmond. The collar of SS itself carried meaning: Henry IV of England gave the forget-me-not flower its poetic meaning by uniting it on his collar of SS with his watchword, "Souveigne vous de may."

2. Ovens Parish Limestone Caves

   Ovens · electoral division · Cork

   The parish of Athnowen, or the Ovens, lies partly in the barony of Barretts and chiefly in East Muskerry. Smith described remarkable limestone caves there, now nearly filled up, which the author compares unfavourably to the Mitchelstown caves.

   Read the passage

   About a mile and a-half from Ballincollig is Athnowen, or the Ovens, j* a parish partly in the barony of Barretts, but chiefly in that of East Muskerry. Smith speaks of remarkable limestone caves which are now nearly filled up. Had Smith seen the Mitchelstown caves, he would have thought nothing of these.

   * Shortened. — We do not know how O'Leary escaped being lengthened, for he had been seen to advance deliberately up PeterVChurch Lane, with a gun in his hand. It is probable that Morris's family did not wish to be stained with the blood of the second brother. They first denied that Morris had been hit. The Cork Remembrancer of July 7th, 1773, said, "Three shots were fired at Abraham Morris, at his lodgings in Mr, Boyce's house. The balls entered a little below the window, but did no mischief." This was false ; he was wounded in the side, and never left the house alive. O'Leary had a great deal of public sympathy for his " wild justice of revenge."

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 252

3. Patrick O'Connor political squib mocks Cork Protestants' loyalties

   Cork · city · Cork

   A political squib entitled 'The Humble Petition of Patrick O'Connor,' published in Cork, had the petitioner declare himself an Irish Protestant who would fight for or against the king. The author noted this was a hit at the frequency with which many Cork Protestants had changed sides during the civil wars.

   Read the passage

   There was published, at this time, a sort of political squib, entitled, " The Humble Petition of Patrick O'Connor," who was seeking the situation of exciseman. He declares, " upon his honor," that he is " a gentleman of reputation, and an Irish Protestant, who loves his king, and values him at what he is worth, and will fight for him, or against him, or any of his relatives or acquaintances." This must have been a hit at the frequency with which many of the Cork Protestants had changed sides during the civil wars.

   192 HISTORY OF CORK.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 97

4. Preserved bodies in St. Mary's Shandon vaults

   near Shandon · locality · Cork · 1768–1798

   The vaults of St. Mary's in Shandon Street were believed to preserve bodies from decay, similar to St. Michan's in Dublin. The body of Rev. Mr. M'Daniel, a City Gaol chaplain who died in 1768, was found perfect thirty years after death but has since decayed.

   Read the passage

   ST. MART'S SHANDON. An old church of this name stood a little to the east of St. Anne's. It was destroyed during the siege of 1690, when the Governor of Cork, Macgillicuddy, fired the suburbs. St. Mary's, in Shandon Street, was built in 1693. The ground was given by Sir Henry Sydney, as appears by the following tablet over the door : — " Ad Edificandum Templum Hoc Quantulum est agri Donum Parochiae Sanctse Marise de Shandon. Dedit Nobilissimus Dominus, Henricus Yicecomes Sydney, Hibernise Prorex. AN. DOMINI MD.CXCIII. Cujus memoria3 in ^Eternum floreat." It is a plain but comfortable church. There is an idea that the vaults of this church, like that of St. Michan's,* in Dublin, possess the property of preserving bodies from decay. Mr. "Windele informs us that the body of the Eev. Mr. M'Daniel, a chaplain of the City Gaol, who died in 1768, was found perfect thirty years after death. His body was somewhat the colour of bogwood, and was perfectly dry and smooth. " He is said to have been a hard liver." The whole of the body has now gone to decay. "We learn from Halls' Ireland, that the bodies of the Two Sheares were lying in the vaults of St. Michan's in a high state of preservation to a very late period. " The principal vaults are in a long corridor under the centre of the church, off which there are thirteen chambers. In one of these were deposited the remains of the two unfortunate brothers, Sheares,

   * St. Micharfs. u The bodies in the best state of preservation are in a small vault under the right angle of the transept ; one of which is said to be the body of St. Michan, laid there 200 years ago. It is that of a man of short stature, and is still quite perfect. The nails continue on the hands and feet, and the entire of the flesh and skin remains on the bones." The flesh is like the cover of an old book, bound in law-calf.— Sails' Ireland, vol. ii. p. 312.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 190

   As the companion tells it

   Coming through Shandon, in Cork, you pass near St. Mary's church, built in 1693 on land given by Sir Henry Sydney. An older church of this name once stood east of St. Anne's, destroyed in 1690 when Macgillicuddy, Governor of Cork, fired the suburbs during the siege. The vaults beneath St. Mary's were long thought to share a strange property with the vaults of St. Michan's in Dublin, the power to keep bodies from decay. Mr. Windele recorded that the body of the Reverend Mr. M'Daniel, chaplain of the City Gaol, who died in 1768, was found perfect thirty years after death. His body was somewhat the colour of bogwood, perfectly dry and smooth. He is said to have been a hard liver. The whole body has since gone to decay. A tablet over the door records Sydney's gift in Latin, with a prayer that his memory flourish forever. The church is described as plain but comfortable. At St. Michan's, the principal vaults run in a long corridor under the centre of the church, with thirteen chambers leading off it. In one of these lay the remains of the two unfortunate brothers, Sheares, in a high state of preservation.

5. Quaker meetings broken up and Friends imprisoned in Cork after Restoration

   Cork · city · Cork · 1660

   After the Restoration of Charles II in 1660, Quaker meetings in Cork were disturbed and broken up, and many Friends were cast into prison. Cork Quakers suffered their share of this persecution, with many sent to gaol.

   Read the passage

   "Now to proceed — though the government was changed in the year 1660, when King Charles the Second came in, and thereupon the old persecutors were turned out ; yet the same spirit appeared in the new magistrates, both in England and Ireland. Meetings were disturbed and broken up, and Friends cast into prison. Those who lived in this city (Cork) had their share, many being sent to gaol, where some con-

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 64

   As the companion tells it

   As you pass through Cork, you are moving through a city where, after King Charles the Second came in and the government changed in 1660, the same persecuting spirit appeared in the new magistrates both in England and Ireland. Quaker meetings were disturbed and broken up, and Friends were cast into prison. Those who lived in Cork had their share, many being sent to gaol, where some remained.

6. Sir Boyle Roche as Inspector of the river Kenmare

   Kenmare · townland · Kerry · 1801

   Sir Boyle Roche sought compensation after voting for the Union, writing from London to Lieutenant-Colonel Littlehales about his position as Inspector of the river Kenmare and his wish to exchange places. He received a joint pension of £300 a year with his lady plus a separate £200 a year pension.

   Read the passage

   " I was surprised exceedingly to be informed, that Mr. Gerald Aylmer was put into the patent with me as Inspector of the river Kenmare, which has been a great disappointment to me, as Mr. W. A. Crosbie and I had come to an agreement about the exchange of our places, and he was certain that he had interest enough with Lord Hardwicke to effect it, which would have been very convenient for both, as he, who desires to live in England, would have been accommodated with a sinecure place, and I, who intend to be a resident in Dublin, should be very happy in his situation of a Commissioner of Stamps.

   " I have now been an officer in the revenue for upwards of twenty-five years, and am entitled, by the revenue laws, to retire upon my emoluments. My salary was three hundreds a-year, which I received quarterly.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 141

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere around here, Sir Boyle Roche held the post of Inspector of the river Kenmare. In 1801, having voted for the Union, he wrote from London to Lieutenant-Colonel Littlehales seeking compensation. He had been surprised that Mr. Gerald Aylmer was put into the patent with him, and he had hoped instead to swap places with Mr. W. A. Crosbie, who wanted to live in England while Roche wished to be a resident in Dublin as a Commissioner of Stamps. He noted he had been a revenue officer for over 25 years, with a salary of 300 a year. After his appeal, he received a joint pension of 300 a year with his lady, plus a separate 200 a year.

7. St. Finn-Barr's relics brought to Gill-Abbey, Cork

   Cork · city · Cork

   Tradition holds that St. Finn-Barr's remains were carried from Cloyne to Cork — to Gill-Abbey — for interment. His relics were afterwards deposited in a silver shrine, before being carried off by Dermot O'Brien's raiding fleet.

   Read the passage

   St. Finn-Barr was abbot of Gill- Abbey — for we must antedate the name, to avoid confusion — and bishop of Cork for seventeen years. He died in Cloyne, the 25th of September — we cannot say in what year — which is observed as his festival.f Tradition says that his remains were carried to Cork — to Gill- Abbey, we conclude — for interment, and that his relics were afterwards deposited in a silver shrine. The Annals of Innisfallen say : " A fleet, with Dermot O'Brien,

   * So meet for a bard. Mr. J. J. Callanan, the author of these beautiful lines, was a native of Cork. He wrote a poem called the " Recluse of Inchidony," " Donald Com," and other pieces of some beauty. He was originally intended for the priesthood, but quitting Maynooth, entered Trinity College, where he studied for the bar. He died in 1829 at Lisbon.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 175

   As the companion tells it

   Cork is the city you're passing through, and its old story reaches back to St. Finn-Barr, abbot of Gill-Abbey and bishop of Cork for seventeen years. He died in Cloyne on the 25th of September — the year is not known — and that date is kept as his festival. Tradition says his remains were carried to Cork, to Gill-Abbey, for interment. His relics were afterwards placed in a silver shrine. The Annals of Innisfallen record that a fleet came with Dermot O'Brien.

8. Wolfe Tone meets General Hoche to plan Bantry Bay expedition

   near Bantry Bay · bay · Cork · 1796

   Wolfe Tone was introduced to General Hoche, who commanded the planned French expedition to Bantry Bay. They discussed the feasibility of landing in Ireland, the availability of provisions, the cooperation of the Defenders and militia, and the prospect of establishing a provisional government.

   Read the passage

   " He then said he presumed I was the author of the memorandums which had been transmitted to him. I said I was. c Well,' said he, ' there are one or two points I want to consult you on.' He then proceeded to ask me, in case of the landing being effectuated,

   236 HISTORY OF COEK.

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 123

9. Bandon's exclusion of Catholic inhabitants

   Bandon · town · Cork · 1749

   According to Dr. Smith writing in 1749, Bandon had no Catholic inhabitant and the townsmen would not suffer one to dwell in it. This reflected the town's strongly Protestant character dating from its founding by the Earl of Cork.

   Read the passage

   The Bandonians would admit of no piping or fiddling like this. " In this town," says Dr. Smith, writing of Bandon, in 1749, " there is not a Popish inhabitant, nor will the townsmen suffer one to dwell in it, nor a

   Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 254

10. Anderson's Quay and Custom House island, Cork

    Anderson's Quay · street · Cork

    The site of the Custom House was once a sand bank, one of the twelve or thirteen islands on which Cork is built. John Anderson, a Scotchman, was the first to build a house on the Custom House island, giving his name to Anderson's Quay.

    Read the passage

    the Custom House to have been a sand bank, one of the twelve or thirteen islands on which the city is built. I believe John Anderson, a Scotchman, and one of Cork's best and most useful citizens, was the first who built a house on the Custom House island, hence " Anderson's Quay." Off Anderson's Quay we have Dean Street, and in Dean Street a most excellent institution, called the Eoyal Cork Sailors' Home, established, and now efficiently and heartily worked by Captain Stuart, of the Royal Navy.

    GREAT GEORGE'S STREET is not so long, but wider and better built than Old George's Street. It is on the same plan as Westmoreland Street, Dublin, but not so wide nor so sunny. It occupies the sites of a number of the narrowest and dirtiest lanes of Cork. It runs from the Grand Parade until it unites itself to, or becomes a part of the Western Eoad. On the right hand side of this street, as we leave the Parade, is the Court-House, whose graceful portico and Corinthian columns excited the admiration of Lord Macauley. He speaks of a Corinthian portico, which would do honor to Palladio. It is raised on a platform of eleven steps, and surmounted by three majestic and beautiful figures of Law, Justice, and Mercy. The Court-House was built in 1835, by G. E. Paine, after a design by Kearnes Deane.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 166

    As the companion tells it

    Along here at Anderson's Quay, the ground beneath has a story. The Custom House stood on what was once a sand bank, one of the twelve or thirteen islands on which the city of Cork is built. John Anderson, a Scotchman, and one of Cork's best and most useful citizens, was the first to build a house on the Custom House island, and that gave the quay his name. Off this quay lies Dean Street, and in Dean Street stands the Royal Cork Sailors' Home, established and efficiently worked by Captain Stuart of the Royal Navy. Great George's Street runs from the Grand Parade until it joins the Western Road. It occupies the sites of what were once some of the narrowest and dirtiest lanes in Cork. It is wider and better built than Old George's Street, on the same plan as Westmoreland Street in Dublin, but not so wide and not so sunny. On the right as you leave the Parade stands the Court-House, built in 1835 by G. E. Paine after a design by Kearnes Deane. Its portico and Corinthian columns drew the admiration of Lord Macaulay, who spoke of "a Corinthian portico, which would do honor to Palladio." It is raised on a platform of eleven steps and surmounted by three figures representing Law, Justice, and Mercy.

11. Archdeacons dispossessed of Monkstown, 1689

    Monkstown · townland · Cork · 1689–1700

    The Archdeacon family recovered or rented Monkstown from the Boyles, but were dispossessed again in 1689 for their adhesion to James II. By 1700, Dive Downes recorded that a Protestant, Mr. O'Callaghan, occupied a good square castle with flankers at Monkstown.

    Read the passage

    "We learn from Dive Dowries that Colonel Hunks, one of the three deputed to execute the death-warrant of Charles I., got the Monkstown lands, and, we conclude, castle, in Cromwell's time. Hunks sold the lands to Primate Boyle, brother to the first earl of Cork ; who " gave about £400 for it to Hunks." The Archdeacons must have got it back, or rented it from Boyle, for they were dispossessed of it in 1689, for their adhesion to James II.

    Dive Downes, writing in 1700, says, " Mr. O'Callaghan, a Protestant, lives in Monkstown, in a good square castle with flankers."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 213

12. Ballygiblin — Becher family castellated mansion

    Ballygiblin · townland · Cork

    About a mile and a half from Lohort stood Ballygiblin, the modern castellated mansion of Sir Henry Becher. The Becher family came to Ireland in the time of Elizabeth; Colonel Becher was aide-de-camp to William III at the Battle of the Boyne.

    Read the passage

    About a mile and a half from Lohort, is Bally giblin, the modern and beautiful castellated mansion of Sir Henry Becher.* The Becher family came to Ireland in the time of Elizabeth. Colonel Becher was aidecamp to William III. at the battle of the Boyne, who presented him with his watch, which is now in the possession of Mr. Becher, of Lakelands, near Skibbereen.

    Kanturkf is a market and post town, in the barony of Duhallow, about ten miles from Mallow, and thirty from Cork. It lies at the confluence of the rivers Allo and Dalua, which flow into the Blackwater, two miles below the town. Kanturk is a thriving little town, with a population something under 4000. Near it are the ruins of Kanturk Castle, It is a paralellogram 120 feet long, by 80 feet wide, flanked with four square towers. The castle was never completed, it having been represented to Elizabeth as a place of too much strength and importance for a subject; the works were therefore stopped. Mac Donough Mac Carthy, of Kanturk, was killed by Tyrone during the civil wars, and his lands in Duhallow seized by his kinsman,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 248

13. Bishop Mughron killed by Corca-Laighthe robbers after vespers

    near Ross · parish · Cork · 1057

    Mughron Ua Mutain, successor of Bairre and noble bishop and lector of Cork, was killed by robbers of the Corca-Laighthe after returning from vespers in 1057. The Corca-Laighthe were the tribe of the O'Driscolls, whose territory was co-extensive with the diocese of Ross in south-west Cork.

    Read the passage

    "A.D. 1057. Mughron Ua Mutain, successor of Bairre, noble bishop and lector, was killed by robbers of the Corca-Laighthe,* after his return from vespers."

    " A.D. 1057. Dubhdalethe Ua Cinaad Ha, Airchinneach of Corcach, died."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 176

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through the parish of Ross, you are in the old territory of the Corca-Laighthe, the tribe of the O'Driscolls. In 1057, Mughron Ua Mutain, noble bishop and lector of Cork, successor of Bairre, was killed by robbers of that tribe after returning from vespers.

14. Brian Boru's two-handed sword at Rostellan Castle

    Rostellan · townland · Cork

    The entrance hall of Rostellan Castle contained a large two-handed sword said to have belonged to Brian Boru, progenitor of the Thomond family. A helmet once displayed alongside it was revealed to be a comparatively modern piece picked up in Spain by Admiral Sir Richard Grant, not an artefact of Brian Boru.

    Read the passage

    " In the entrance hall of the castle of Eostellan, was a large two-handed sword and a helmet, that had belonged — it is said — to the renowned Brian Boru, the progenitor of the Thomond family. On the sale of the property, the sword was left, but the helmet, which was a comparatively modern piece of armour, removed. Its real history was discovered on the occasion of the nieces of the late Admiral Sir Eichard Grant, visiting Eostellan. On that occasion the old admiral requested them to enquire for ' the helmet he had picked up in Spain, and which had for years decorated his ship's cabin,' and which, at the request of the marquis, he had sent to Eostellan, as a suitable companion to the two-handed sword."

    In the hall of Eostellan is a statue, in lead, of Admiral Lord Hawke, ordered by the corporation of Cork. The excitement having cooled down before the statue

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 225

15. Carrigillihy ruins and Abbey de Sancto Mauro

    Carrigillihy · townland · Cork

    In the parish of Myross, west of Glandore harbour, extensive ruins at Carrigillihy are supposed to belong to the Abbey de Sancto Mauro, believed by some to have been founded by Diarmid Mac Carthy, King of Cork, for Cistercian monks.

    Read the passage

    To the west of Glandore harbour is the parish of Myross, in Irish, Gardha, " a garden," — for the land is very good — and the village of Union Hall. There are extensive ruins in this parish, at Carrigillihy, supposed to belong to the Abbey de Sancto Mauro, founded, some say, by Diarmid Mac Carthy, King of Cork, for Cistercian monks. In this parish is Bawnlahan, one of the houses of O'Donovan, of Castle Donovan, chief of that ancient family — " a worthy and courteous gentleman," writes Smith. This is the O'Donovan mentioned in the keen composed for Sir Richard Cox.

    The O'Donovans are descended from Eoghan the Splendid. He contended with Con of the Hundred Battles, who drove him out of Ireland into Spain, where he married Beara, the king's daughter. But he soon returned, at the head of a powerful army, and put into a harbour in Munster, which he called Bearffaven, in honor of his wife. He again met Con, whom he defeated in ten successive engagements, winning the supreme chieftaincy of the southern half of Ireland. But the half of Ireland did not satisfy the Splendid Eoghan. *He saw that Con's revenues, derived from ships in Dublin and other ports, were greater than his own, and proposed an equal distribution of profits, which Con refused, so to battle they went again. They met on the plain of Lena or Moylena, in the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 263

16. Colonel Huncks granted Monkstown lands under Cromwell

    Monkstown · townland · Cork

    Colonel Huncks, one of the three officers tasked with executing Charles I's death warrant, received the lands of Monkstown during Cromwell's time as a reward for his service to the Parliamentarian cause.

    Read the passage

    * One of the three.— The other two were Colonel Francis Hacker and Colonel Huncks. Colonel Huncks got the lands of Monkstown in Cromwell's time. There was a Doctor Huncks arrested in Cork, and sent as prisoner to Dublin, the 18th May, 1660, the day that Charles the II. was proclaimed in Cork.

    98 HISTORY OF COEK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 53

17. Cork grand jury resolves for legislative union, 1800

    Cork · city · Cork · 1800

    On 23 April 1800, the Cork city grand jury unanimously resolved that the city favoured a legislative union with Great Britain, signed by Mayor Philip Allen, sheriffs Henry Hickman and William Lane, and common speaker John G. Newsom. Opposition persisted, however, as Messrs. Jeffereys and Penrose travelled to London with a petition against the measure signed by freemen.

    Read the passage

    " April 23rd, 1800. — At a meeting of the city grand jury, held during the Spring Assizes, in the city grand jury room, it was resolved unanimously : — •' That the sentiment of the city of Cork in favour of a legislative union with Great Britain, has already been expressed in the most decided and unequivocal manner, and that the ineffectual efforts which have been made to represent this city as entertaining a contrary sentiment, afford us the most decisive evidence that the great majority of our fellow-citizens, in point of wealth, loyalty, and steady attachment to the constitution, still continue to approve of the measure.'

    " This resolution was signed by the mayor, Philip Allen, the sheriffs, Henry Hickman and William Lane, and also by the common speaker, John G. Newsom, in testimony of their approbation. There were, of course, numbers on both sides. Messrs. Jeffereys and Penrose went to London to present a petition to his majesty, signed by a number of freemen and others, in reprobation of the measure."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 137

    As the companion tells it

    As the road carries you through Cork, you pass through a city that in 1800 was divided over legislative union with Great Britain. On 23 April of that year, the grand jury met during the Spring Assizes in the grand jury room and resolved unanimously that the sentiment of the city in favour of a legislative union with Great Britain had already been expressed, in the words of the resolution, "in the most decided and unequivocal manner." They declared that efforts to represent the city as entertaining a contrary sentiment had been ineffectual, and that the great majority of their fellow-citizens, in point of wealth, loyalty, and steady attachment to the constitution, still continued to approve of the measure. The resolution was signed by the mayor, Philip Allen, the sheriffs, Henry Hickman and William Lane, and the common speaker, John G. Newsom. But there were numbers on both sides. Messrs. Jeffereys and Penrose went to London to present a petition to his majesty, signed by a number of freemen and others, in reprobation of the measure.

18. Cox returns to his birthplace Bandon and marries

    Bandon · town · Cork · 1673

    Richard Cox returned from England to Bandon, his birthplace, on 11 January 1673, and married Mary Bourne there on his uncle's advice. She was fifteen and he was not yet twenty-four at the time of the marriage.

    Read the passage

    His uncle bound him to an attorney, at which profession he made money enough to keep himself in good clothes and good company, and finally to go to England, where he met the Earl of Cork, who was very kind to him. He returned from England the llth of January, 1673, came to Bandon, his birth-place, and, by his uncle's advice, married Mary Bourne, she being fifteen and he not fully twenty-four. " This was the rock I had like to split upon, for though she proved a very good wife, yet being disappointed in her portion, which was ill paid by her mother, and in driblets, and from

    * Oob, a Spanish rix or cross-dollar, weighing 17 dwt., and valued at 4s. 9d.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 261

19. Cromwell arrives in Cork and receives commanders

    Cork · city · Cork · 1649

    Cromwell left Youghal on 15 December and arrived in Cork on 17 December 1649, receiving hearty entertainment. He was attended by Lord Broghill, Sir William Fenton, and other gentlemen, with plans to visit Kinsale and Bandon.

    Read the passage

    He left Youghal on the 15th of December, and arrived in Cork on the 17th, where he received "very hearty and noble entertainment." He was attended by " My Lord Broghill, Sir William Fenton, and divers other gentlemen and commanders. Colonel Deane and Colonel Blake, our sea-generals, are both riding in Cork Harbour." " To-morrow," continues the writer of the letter* from which we quote, " the Major-General [Ireton] is expected here, both in good health, God be praised. This week, I believe, they will visit Kinsale, Bandon-Bridge, and other places in this province that have lately declared for us."

    It was while Cromwell was in Cork that the ultramontane Catholic party convened an assembly at Clonmacnois, with the hope, when it was too late, of forming a union to oppose the English parliament. They published an address, to which Cromwell replied, in what Thomas Carlyle, in his usual extravagant and sham style, describes as "probably the remarkablest state paper ever published in Ireland since Strongbow, or even St. Patrick, first appeared there." The paper is no more than a violent politico-theological tract. The writer, who was not Cromwell, argues closely from incorrect data. The Latinity is pure. Were Milton in

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 59

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, this is where Cromwell arrived in December 1649, having left Youghal on the 15th. He reached the city on the 17th and received what a letter of the time calls "very hearty and noble entertainment." Lord Broghill and Sir William Fenton attended him, along with other gentlemen and commanders. Colonel Deane and Colonel Blake, described as sea-generals, were both riding in the harbour. The Major-General, Ireton, was expected the next day, reported in good health. That same week, the writer believed, they would visit Kinsale, Bandon-Bridge, and other places in the province that had lately declared for the English parliament. While he was in the city, the ultramontane Catholic party convened an assembly at Clonmacnois, hoping to form a union to oppose the English parliament. They published an address, and Cromwell replied. Thomas Carlyle called the reply "probably the remarkablest state paper ever published in Ireland since Strongbow, or even St. Patrick, first appeared there." The paper was a violent politico-theological tract, written not by Cromwell but by another hand, arguing closely from incorrect data. The Latinity is pure.

20. Cromwell's capture of Cahir

    Caher · town · Tipperary

    Cromwell advanced from Castletown to Cahir and took the town by sending a letter offering honorable terms to the defending soldiers. The terms were immediately accepted.

    Read the passage

    Cromwell advances from Castletown to Cahir, which he took with one of his clever missives. "Having brought my army and cannon near this place, I think it fit to offer you terms honorable to soldiers." They are at once accepted. He marches to Kilkenny, where he adopts a somewhat different style, and speaks of sins, and the judgments of God, but offers fairs terms, which are accepted, after a lengthened correspondence,

    112 HISTORY OP CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 59

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up through Caher in Tipperary. Cromwell advanced here from Castletown and took the town with a letter. He wrote, "Having brought my army and cannon near this place, I think it fit to offer you terms honorable to soldiers." The defending soldiers accepted at once. He then marched on to Kilkenny, where he spoke of sins and the judgments of God, but still offered fair terms, accepted after lengthened correspondence.

21. Danes and English storm East Marsh breach in Cork

    Cork · city · Cork

    With the tide out, Danish forces from the north and English from the south crossed the river into the East Marsh to storm the breach in Cork's city wall. During the approach, the Duke of Grafton received a mortal wound in his shoulder.

    Read the passage

    fiercely, in so much that a breach in the city began to appear plainly, and when the enemy appeared on the wall near it, they were raked off by our small ordnance from the Cat. Last night a captain, lieutenant, and forty men were posted in the brick-yard, near Gill Abbey, to hinder the enemy from making their escape that way through the Marsh, and accordingly, some attempting it about midnight, Captain Swiney and four more were killed, and Captain McCarthy taken, being desperately wounded, and the rest forced into the city again. About one of the clock, the tide being out, the Danes from the north, and the English from the south, passed the river into the East Marsh, in order to storm the breach that was made in the city wall, and immediately the van posted themselves under the bank of the Marsh, which seems to be a counterscarp to the city wall, in which approach the noble Duke of Grafton* received a mortal wound in the point of his shoulder. The Salamander, also, and another vessel, which came up the morning tide, lay at the Marsh end, directly before the wall, and played their cannon at the breach, and shot bombs into the city, in the midst, whereof, the Earl of Tyrone and Lieutenant-Colonel Rycaut came out and made articles for a surrender — the fort to be ours in an hour and the city next morning, all in arms to be prisoners of war. In the evening the fort was received by us, and the Protestants were set at liberty, and all was full of joy.

    * Senry Fitz-Soy, Luke of Grafton, was an illegitimate son of Charles II. and the Duchess of Cleveland. Collins says, he received a shot which broke two of his ribs. Mr. Edwards says, the shot was fired by a blacksmith, from a forge in Post Office Lane. The place where he was mortally woundtd is called Grafton's Alley to this day. He died in Cork the 9th of October. His body was brought 'to England and buried at Euston, Suffolk.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 82

    As the companion tells it

    Passing through Cork, you're near where a breach opened in the city wall. The enemy appeared on the wall near the breach and were raked off by small ordnance from the Cat. The night before, a captain, a lieutenant, and forty men were posted in the brick-yard near Gill Abbey to stop escapes through the Marsh. Around midnight some tried, and Captain Swiney and four others were killed. Captain McCarthy was taken, wounded, and the rest forced into the city. About one o'clock, the tide out, the Danes from the north and the English from the south crossed the river into the East Marsh to storm the breach. The van posted themselves under the bank of the Marsh, a counterscarp to the city wall. In that approach the Duke of Grafton received a mortal wound in the point of his shoulder. The Salamander and another vessel came up the morning tide, lay at the Marsh end before the wall, and played cannon at the breach, shooting bombs into the city. In the midst of it, the Earl of Tyrone and Lieutenant-Colonel Rycaut came out and made articles for surrender, the fort to be ours in an hour, the city next morning, all in arms as prisoners of war. In the evening the fort was received, the Protestants set at liberty, and all was full of joy. The Duke of Grafton was Henry FitzRoy, an illegitimate son of Charles II and the Duchess of Cleveland. A shot broke two of his ribs. It was fired by a blacksmith from a forge in Post Office Lane, and the place where he was wounded is called Grafton's Alley to this day. He died in Cork on the 9th of October. His body was brought to England and buried at Euston, Suffolk.

22. Doneraile and Sir William St. Leger's court

    Doneraile · townland · Cork

    Doneraile was formerly a borough town returning a member to the Irish Parliament. Sir William St. Leger, Lord President of Munster under Charles I, held his court there during the crisis of the Irish civil war.

    Read the passage

    Doneraile is a small but neat market and post town. It was formerly a borough town, and returned a member to the Irish Parliament. Sir William St. Leger, who was Lord President of Munster in the reign of Charles L, held his court here. For his noble and loyal conduct during the crisis of the Irish civil war, and for the wise and impartial administration of old

    * Spa House, The temperature of the Mallow Spa varies from 66° to 72*. It contains a great deal of gas, the constituent parts of which arc 93.5 of nitrogen and 6.6 of oxygen. The water springs from a limestone rock, and discharges 20 gallons a minute. It is much the same in taste nnd medical properties as the Clifton Spa. It was at one time greatly resorted to for the cure of consumption.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 244

23. Female pickpocket punished in stocks at St. Fin Barre's

    Cork · city · Cork

    During the interment of a corpse in St. Fin Barry's church-yard in Cork, a young woman was detected picking a gentleman's pocket and found to have seven handkerchiefs on her person. The populace set the culprit in the stocks and threw things at her until she was thought to have received sufficient punishment.

    Read the passage

    We had in those days, as well as the present, female thieves and pickpockets. " During the interment of a corpse in St. Fin Barry's church-yard, a young woman, decently dressed, was detected picking a gentleman's pocket, which he soon discovered, and on examining her, found no less than seven handkerchiefs upon her, which were restored to the owners. The populace, afterwards, set the culprit in the stocks, where they threw several things at her, till it was thought she received sufficient punishment for such practices."

    The pillory was at this time quite an improved machine. It turned on a swivel, so that the full face of the tortured culprit might present a fair target for the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 105

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, the old records say the city had female thieves and pickpockets in those days as in the present. At St. Fin Barre's churchyard, during the interment of a corpse, a young woman, decently dressed, was detected picking a gentleman's pocket. He soon discovered it, and on examining her, found no less than seven handkerchiefs upon her, which were restored to their owners. The populace afterwards set the culprit in the stocks, where they threw several things at her, till it was thought she received sufficient punishment for such practices.

24. French attempt to land at Bantry Bay under Hoche

    near Bantry Bay · bay · Cork · 1796–1797

    A French force under General Hoche and Wolfe attempted to land at Bantry Bay, and loyalty during this episode led to the creation of a peerage. The event is described as a significant military incident on the western coast.

    Read the passage

    to the Irish peerage as Baron of Bantry, the 31st of March, 1797, for his loyalty and zeal, during the French attempt, under General Hoche and "Wolfe, to make a landing at Bantry Bay, described in the ninth chapter of this volume.

    Nothing can be more wild or magnificent than the coast from Glandore to the extreme west of the county, with its bluff headlands. Dean Swift, who spent a summer in this neighbourhood, describes it in his Carbriee Eupes, parts of which remind us of Virgil's best and boldest style : —

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 269

25. Haulbowline soldiers fire on Cork fishermen

    near Haulbowline Island · population centre · Cork · 1603

    The mayor and sheriffs of Cork complained to Lord Deputy Mountjoy that soldiers garrisoned at Haulbowline fort had shot at fishermen and boats sent out from the city for provisions, while also requesting the fort be placed in their hands.

    Read the passage

    But this state of things could not be long countenanced in a city like Cork; and the mayor and sheriffs knowing the decided character of the Lord Deputy Mountjoy, wrote him saying, they had received the king's proclamation on the llth of April, but had put off the ceremony till the 16th, that it might be done with more solemnity. They also requested that the fort of Haulbowline might be put into their hands, and complained that soldiers in that fort had shot at some fishermen and boats which had been sent out for provisions. The commissioners, of course, gave his lordship a very different version of the transaction.

    Mountjoy wrote them "a smart letter" in reply, reproving them for "setting up the mass,* by their own authority, their insolence in stopping his majesty's stores and artillery from being sent to Haulbowline, and attempting to get them into their hands. At the same time, his lordship wrote to Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir George Thornton, ordering them to send as much victuals and provisions as they could, out of the city, to that fort, and Shandon Castle ; to draw some companies into the town ; and informed them, that he had assembled five thousand men to correct their insolences ; and that as most of the other towns in the province had committed the like disturbances, he intended

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 13

26. John Anderson of Fermoy established first Cork-Dublin mail coach

    Fermoy · townland · Cork

    John Anderson, of Fermoy, established the first mail coach service from Cork to Dublin. He was for many years a merchant and banker in the city of Cork.

    Read the passage

    t Cork and Dublin mail coach.— The first mail coach from Cork to Dublin was established by John Anderson, of Fermoy, for many years a merchant and banker in the city of Cork.

    288 HISTORY OF COEK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 148

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Fermoy, John Anderson established the first mail coach service from Cork to Dublin. He was for many years a merchant and banker in the city of Cork.

27. John Brice, tailor of Caherduggan, robbed in 1642 rebellion

    Caherduggan · townland · Cork · 1642

    John Brice, a tailor from Caherduggan, filed one of the smallest claims among the approximately two thousand County Cork depositions, losing only 19s. 6d. during the 1642 rebellion. Most claims were for £50 or more.

    Read the passage

    There are about two thousand of these depositionsin the four volumes relating to the county of Cork, the whole of which I have read. They are nearly all drawn up in the same way, as if from a printed form. Some part of nearly every deposition is crossed out; in other instances the pen has been drawn through the lines or words. The sums claimed are generally from £50 and upwards, but a few descend to shillings, like John Brice, the taylour, of Cahirduggan, who was despoiled to the amount of 19s. 6d. The depositions are all dated 1642, and are for the most part signed — in the left hand corner — by either Phil. Brisse, Eo. Southwell, Thos. Graye, Hen. Euggey, Thomas Ellwell, or Jam. Wallis. We give the following as a specimen : —

    DEPOSITION No. 1737.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 34

28. Liscarrol castle ruins and 1642 siege

    Liscarroll · town · Cork · 1642

    Six miles from Buttevant, the village of Liscarrol has ruins of a noble castle forming a rectangle 240 feet by 120, flanked by circular and quadrangular towers. The Barrys possessed it before it passed to the Percival family; it was besieged in 1642.

    Read the passage

    Six miles from Buttevant is the village of Liscarrol, with the ruins of its noble castle, a rectangle, 240 feet by 120, flanked by four circular and two quadrangular towers. It is thought by some to have been built in the reign of King John. The Barrys possessed it before it came into the hands of the Percival family. For its siege, in 1642, and the battle fought beneath its walls, we refer the reader to page 68 of this volume.

    The distance from Buttevant to Charleville, by rail, is nine miles. The ancient name of Charleville was Eathgogan. It was changed in honor of Charles II., by Lord Broghill, afterwards Earl of Orrery, who had it made a borough town. Writing to the Duke of Ormond, llth of December, 1662, he says, " I hope, by your grace's favor, to get it made a borough, and have it bear the name of Charleville, it being now called by the heathenish name of Eathgogan." He

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 246

29. Mallow's old Desmond castle and new spa

    Mallow · town · Cork

    Mallow's old castle, whose picturesque ruins stand on the banks of the Blackwater, was built by one of the Earls of Desmond. Sir Denham Norreys erected a new Spa House and baths on the Spa Walk and a new castle in his demesne.

    Read the passage

    Mallow, the next place of importance after leaving Castletown, is a borough town, 20 miles by rail from Cork. The population is between six and seven thousand. It has been represented in the English Parliament by Sir Denham Norreys, (the lord of the manor,) for over thirty years. Sir Denham Norreys has erected a new Spa House* and baths on the Spa Walk, and a new castle in his beautiful demesne. The old castle, whose picturesque ruins stand within the gate, on the banks of the Blackwater, was built by one of the Earls of Desmond, a'large portion of whose property was inherited by Sir John and Sir Thomas Norreys, the ancestors of the present proprietor, Sir Denham Norreys.

    Doneraile is a small but neat market and post town. It was formerly a borough town, and returned a member to the Irish Parliament. Sir William St. Leger, who was Lord President of Munster in the reign of Charles L, held his court here. For his noble and loyal conduct during the crisis of the Irish civil war, and for the wise and impartial administration of old

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 244

30. Mitchelstown and the White Knights

    Mitchelstown · townland · Cork

    Mitchelstown is a market and post town in the parish of Brigown and barony of Condons and Clongibbons, the territory of the White Knights. Fitzgibbon, the White Knight who betrayed the last Earl of Desmond, died without male issue, and his heiress daughter Margaret married William Fenton in 1614.

    Read the passage

    Mitchelstown is a market and post town, in the parish of Brigown,* and barony of Condons and Clongibbons, the country of the White Knights. Fitzgibbon, the White Knight, who betrayed the last Earl of Desmond, died without male issue. His daughter, Margaret, the heiress to his estates, married William Fenton, son of Sir Geoffrey Fenton, Secretary of State for Ireland, and brother-in-law to the first Earl of Cork, who makes the following entry of the marriage in his diary : —

    " Dec. 29, 1614. — My brother- [in-law,] William Fenton, was married, in my house of Youghal, by Mr. Sneswell, the Preacher, to Margaret Keen Morrish Gibbon, heir-general to the White Knight, which young couple I beseech God to bless and prosper."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 241

31. O'Donovan to surrender as prisoner at Timoleague, 1692

    Timoleague · town · Cork · 1692

    After failing to obey the embarkation order from Cork harbour, a permit signed by B. Townsend was issued on 4 January 1692 allowing Colonel O'Donovan to travel to Timoleague and deliver himself as a prisoner to the High Sheriff.

    Read the passage

    He was required, at the conclusion of the James and Williamite war, to march with his regiment to Cork harbour, and there to embark. The order is dated 12th Nov., 1691, and signed " Jo. WANEHOPE." It would appear that Colonel O'Donovan did not obey this order, for on the 4th of January, 1692, we have a " Permit," signed " B. TOWNSEND," for " Colonel O'Donovan to travell to Timoleague, to deliver himselfe a prisoner unto the High-Sheriff, without molestation, he behaving himselfe as becometh." He was alive in January, 1701.

    He left by his wife, Victoria, daughter of Captain

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 264

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Timoleague in County Cork. At the end of the James and Williamite war, Colonel O'Donovan was ordered to march his regiment to Cork harbour and embark, but he did not obey. Instead, on the 4th of January 1692, a permit signed by B. Townsend allowed him to travel to Timoleague and "deliver him selfe a prisoner unto the High-Sheriff, without molestation." He was still alive in 1701.

32. Ormond arrives in Cork and publishes declaration

    Cork · city · Cork · 1648

    The Marquis of Ormond arrived in Cork on 29 September 1648 and was received by Lord Inchiquin, who took the post of lieutenant-general. Ormond published a declaration pledging to maintain the Protestant religion, the king's honour, the rights of parliament, and the liberty of the subject.

    Read the passage

    The marquis arrived in Cork the 29th of September, 1648. Inchiquin received him with every mark of respect, and took the post of lieutenant-general of his army. The Earl of Castlehaven became general of the horse, and Lord Taaffe master of the ordnance. The army consisted of 8,000 foot and 2,000 horse.

    The marquis published a declaration in Cork, stating it was his purpose to maintain the Protestant religion, the king's honor or prerogative, the rights of parliament, and the liberty of the subject. A copy of this declaration fell into the hands of Colonel Jones, the

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 47

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, this city was where the Marquis of Ormond arrived on the 29th of September 1648. Inchiquin received him with every mark of respect and took the post of lieutenant-general of his army. The Earl of Castlehaven became general of the horse, and Lord Taaffe master of the ordnance. The army consisted of 8,000 foot and 2,000 horse. Ormond published a declaration here, stating it was his purpose to maintain the Protestant religion, the king's honour or prerogative, the rights of parliament, and the liberty of the subject. A copy of this declaration fell into the hands of Colonel Jones.

33. Quakers spared imprisonment during Cork siege

    Cork · city · Cork · 1690

    During the siege of Cork, Protestant citizens were disarmed and shut up in prisons with guards, but Quakers were left at liberty because the Irish believed there was no danger from them. Joseph Pike noted that had the town been taken by storm, Friends would have perished alongside the Irish.

    Read the passage

    We conclude from the following that the Quakers were held as "Friends" by the Irish, and had the city been taken by storm, would have perished with them. " The Protestants were shut up in prisons * and houses, with guards over them, but Friends were at liberty, the Irish believing there was no danger from us, so that if the town had been taken by storm, as it was on the point of being, humanly speaking, we should have been slain with the Irish."

    Although there was no massacre of the Irish, there was plunder, the inevitable consequence of taking a city like Cork. " In the morning," continues Dean Davies, " many seamen, and other loose persons, entered the city through the breach, and other places, and plundered many houses, especially of property.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 83

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, this city carries a story from the siege of 1690. During the fighting, the Protestant citizens were disarmed and shut up in prisons and houses, with guards set over them. But the Quakers were left at liberty. The Irish believed there was no danger from them. Joseph Pike, a Friend, recorded what happened. He wrote that if the town had been taken by storm, as it was on the point of being, humanly speaking, the Quakers would have been slain with the Irish. The town was not put to massacre, but there was plunder. In the morning, many seamen and other loose persons entered the city through the breach and other places, and plundered many houses, especially of property.

34. Raleigh's cedars at Tivoli

    Tivoli · population centre · Cork

    Cedars at Tivoli, on the River Lee below Cork, were traditionally planted by Sir Walter Raleigh. Raleigh departed from this stretch of the river on his final, ill-fated expedition.

    Read the passage

    THE river Lee runs at the base of a noble chain of hills which extend for six miles above and for four miles below the city. There is but one natural pass in this mountain range — through Blackpool. The Great Southern and "Western Eailway, which runs under the Cork Barracks is tunnelled through the solid rock. The downs rest on the old red sandstone, portions of which are as hard as granite and capable of a fine polish. The sides of the river are clothed with rich foliage, and adorned with a number of beautiful mansions. We are pointed to cedars, at Tivoli, said to have been planted by the hand of Sir Walter Raleigh. It was from this part of the river he sailed on his last unfortunate expedition. Among the principal residences, on the Glanmire side of the river, we may mention, Fort William, Summer Hill, Woodhill,*

    * Woodhill, the residence of Cooper Penrose. Sarah, the daughter of John Pliilpot Curran, who was hetrothed to Emmet, was married beneath this roof to Captain Henry Sturgeon.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 209

    As the companion tells it

    The road runs through Tivoli, on the River Lee below Cork. The river here runs at the base of a chain of hills that stretch for four miles below the city and six miles above it. There is but one natural pass through these mountains, at Blackpool, and the railway is tunnelled through solid rock beneath the Cork Barracks. The downs rest on old red sandstone, parts of it as hard as granite and capable of a fine polish. The sides of the river are clothed with rich foliage and adorned with a number of beautiful mansions. You are pointed to cedars here, said to have been planted by the hand of Sir Walter Raleigh. It was from this part of the river that he sailed on his last unfortunate expedition.

35. Sarsfield's Irish army embarks at Cork for France

    Cork · city · Cork · 1691

    About 4,500 of the Irish army which had defended Limerick against Ginkell embarked at Cork for France under Lord Lucan (General Sarsfield). Some 19,059 men in total embarked from Munster, besides Mountcashel's brigade of 5,270 men.

    Read the passage

    Seven Irish regiments laid down their arms, namely Mac Gillicuddy's, Clancarty's, Tyrone's, Mac Carthy's, O'Donovan's, O'Sullivan's, and Barrett's. About 1,000 men, with the principal officers, were sent prisoners to England, About 4,500 of the Irish army,* which had defended Limerick, against Ginkell, embarked at Cork, for France, under Lord Lucan, better known as General Sarsfield. About a hundred and sixty Irish troops were blown up in the Breda man-of-war — which lay in Cork harbour— on the 12th of October, 1691. Captain Tenet, the commander, was taken up alive, but died soon after. There were some who asserted that

    • Irish army.— There embarked from Munster 19,059 men, besides tbe General, Justin Mac Carthy, or Mountcashel's brigade, which consisted of 5,270 men.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 84

    As the companion tells it

    As you come through Cork, this is the city where the Irish army embarked for France in 1691. About 4,500 men who had defended Limerick against Ginkell sailed from here under Lord Lucan, known as General Sarsfield. Seven Irish regiments had laid down their arms: Mac Gillicuddy's, Clancarty's, Tyrone's, Mac Carthy's, O'Donovan's, O'Sullivan's, and Barrett's. About 1,000 men with the principal officers were sent prisoners to England. On the 12th of October 1691, about 160 Irish troops were blown up in the Breda man-of-war in Cork harbour. Captain Tenet, the commander, was taken up alive but died soon after. In all, 19,059 men embarked from Munster, besides Mountcashel's brigade of 5,270.

36. Second escape attempt from North Gaol, Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1785

    Prisoners in the north gaol broke several inside doors to reach the top of the gaol and lowered themselves down using tied blankets and sheets. John Callaghan, otherwise 'Jack-a-boy,' and one Linehan escaped under sentence of transportation; a third was retaken under a boat on one of the quays.

    Read the passage

    " Sept. 20th, 1785. An attempt was made by the criminals in north gaol to escape. To effect their purpose, they broke several of the inside doors to get to the top of the gaol, and from thence three conveyed themselves down by tying their blankets and sheets together. John Callaghan, otherwise Jack-a-boy, a most notorious offender, and one Linehan, under sentence of transportation, escaped; but the third was retaken, under a boat on one of the quays.

    "Sept. 9th, 1787. Three men, under sentence of transportation, ran out of the city gaol upon the door being opened; two of them were, however, stopped by the sentinel on the bridge, but the other made his escape.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 101

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, there's a story from the north gaol here. On the 20th of September, 1785, the criminals made a bid to escape. They broke several of the inside doors to reach the top of the gaol. From there, three of them lowered themselves down by tying their blankets and sheets together. John Callaghan, otherwise Jack-a-boy, a most notorious offender, and one Linehan, both under sentence of transportation, got away. But the third was retaken, found under a boat on one of the quays.

37. Serjeant Mulhall escapes Cork bridewell

    Cork · city · Cork · 1795

    Serjeant Mulhall of the 105th regiment and others involved in a recent mutiny escaped from the bridewell of Cork city before undergoing punishment. It was reported that the freemasons, to which Mulhall belonged, were involved in his escape.

    Read the passage

    "Oct. llth, 1795. Serjeant Mulhall, of the 105th, and some others, who had been concerned in the late mutiny, escaped from the bridewell of this city previous to their undergoing the punishment they were to have received for the offence. It is said that the free-masons, to which he belonged, were concerned in his escape."

    Alexander attributes the distress and insolvency of the merchants in his time, to the bankers, who dug their graves ; but if all he says of the profligacy, stark glut^ tony, duelling,* and expensive funerals of these men, be correct, they were ready for their graves before they got into the bankers' hands. Mr. Caulfield, of Cork, has contributed the copy of an original document to the Journal of the Kilkenny Archaeological Society, (vol. i. pp. 75, 76, new series) which gives us a glimpse into the house of one of our city aldermen, Mr. Thomas Ronayne, who flourished in the middle of the seventeenth century, before Cork was in such a bankrupt state, f We shall carry the reader no farther than the parlour and plate closet, premising that the bed-chambers had a fair supply of feather beds and good linen sheeting, and the kitchen a due stock of plates and dishes, kettles, pans, brewing vats, and pots for aquavits, of which, as Sir George Carew would

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 101

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, this city holds a story from October the 11th, 1795. Serjeant Mulhall of the 105th regiment had been held in the bridewell of Cork, along with some others, all of them concerned in a late mutiny. They were waiting to undergo punishment for that offence. Before the punishment could be carried out, Mulhall and the others escaped from the bridewell. It was said at the time that the freemasons, to which Mulhall belonged, were concerned in his escape. The record gives no further detail of how it was done, who helped, or what became of Mulhall afterwards.

38. Spike Island convict depot held up to 2,500 prisoners

    Spike Island · townland · Cork · 1850–1861

    A government convict depot or prison stood on the crown of Spike Island, housing about 500 prisoners at the time of writing. As many as 2,500 convicts were confined there in 1850, making it one of five government prisons in Ireland under the directors of Irish convict prisons.

    Read the passage

    On the crown of the island is a convict depot or government prison. The number of prisoners is now about 500, but as many as 2,500 were confined here in 1850. Spike Island prison is one of five government prisons, under the superintendence of three directors. There is a male and female prison at Mountjoy, Dublin, built on the same plan as Pentonville prison. The rule is, to commence the imprisonment at Mountjoy, where prisoners are kept in separate confinement for eight months, and are then drafted either to Philipstown or Spike.*

    The convicts at Spike are engaged at the fortifications of the island, under the superintendence of the engineer department. The amount of work performed by the convicts last year, was nearly equal to the entire expense of the prison. The prisoners are fairly fed and fairly worked, and when they leave the prison are generally better able to do a fair day's work than when they entered it,

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 219

39. St Mary's Church Youghal: ancient pillars on coffin lids

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1464

    St Mary's Church in Youghal had a religious foundation from an early period. Its massive pillars forming the lofty arches are based on stone coffin lids from the eighth and ninth centuries. The choir, in decorated English style, contains an east window noted for its size, beauty of form, tracery, and stained glass.

    Read the passage

    There was a religious foundation here from a very early period. Almost all the massive pillars, which form the numerous lofty arches of the church, are based on stone coffin lids, of the eighth and ninth centuries.

    The most beautiful portion of the building is the choir, which is in the decorated English style, and contains an east window, that, in Ireland, at least, has not its equal in size, beauty of form, and tracery, or for the richness of its stained glass. We saw this church some years ago, when the choir was nothing more than a roofless ruin. The stone mullions of some of the windows had given way, and fallen to the ground. The nave, too, had been sadly disfigured by depraved taste. Its roof, of massive dark Irish oak — an object in itself well worth going some distance to see — was hidden, and covered over, by a modern lath and plaster ceiling. The side arches were crammed with galleries, and its great-western window concealed by a hideous old organ. Square timber sashes replaced the gothic windows, with stone mullions and pointed tops, which once adorned the side walls of the aisles. The lofty and graceful gothic windows of the north transept were almost entirely built up with stones and mortar. Here " one of the most ancient Norman tombs in Ireland was concealed by a bulk, thrown up by an alderman," which he intended for a monument.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 237

40. St Mary's Church Youghal: Earl of Cork family monument

    Youghal · town · Cork

    The south transept of St Mary's Church, Youghal, contains the monument of the Earl of Cork, with figures of himself, his two wives, and various members of his family. The author describes it as a 'monster monument' reflecting the earl's worldly-mindedness, but credits Rev. Drew for preserving the original likeness.

    Read the passage

    The restoration of this beautiful church, called by the first Earl of Cork " one of the fayrest churches in Ireland," is owing to the untiring exertions, and, we may add, in many instances, to the individual liberality of the Kector, the Eev. P. W. Drew, of Youghal, who has fairly earned the title of " INSTAURATOR RUINJE." In the south transept we have the monument of the Earl of Cork, with figures of himself, his two wives, and the various members of his family, the taste of which we do not admire, but the taste is his lordship's and not the rector's. His lordship's worldly-mindedness, and master-passion for the grandeur of this world, was strong in death, and has produced a monster monument. But its monstrosities render it an object of the greater interest ; we, therefore, give Mr. Drew credit for preserving the original likeness.

    St. Mary's, of Youghal, contains the monuments of Lord Broghill, the Earl of Cork's ablest son, • — the first earl begat a son in his own likeness — of Thomas Fleming, Lord of Slane ; and of Sir Edward Villiers :

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 237

41. Street lamps discontinued in Cork, 1770

    Cork · city · Cork · 1770

    The city lamps of Cork were discontinued on 22 April 1770. By November of that year, a number of persons had drowned who might have been saved had the lighting continued. The public was cautioned about the old draw-bridge being out of repair after dusk.

    Read the passage

    The city lamps had been discontinued on the 22nd of April, 1770, and on the 22nd of November, of the same year, we read, " Since the lamps have been given up in this city, a number of persons were drowned, who, in all probability, might have been saved, if that useful and well appointed mode of lighting the streets had been continued." The public are cautioned in a Cork paper, on the 26th of September, 1771, " As the long nights are approaching, to be careful how they passed over the old draw-bridge, after dusk, it being so old and out of repair, as to be unable to be turned into its proper place." Shortly after this " one Gervis Leary, returning about eight o'clock to his lodgings, opposite Shuttle Eow, Hammond's Marsh, having missed the little bridge — in consequence of the darkness of the night — fell into the channel and was drowned." Again the public are warned, " in passing at night from Broad Lane to Fishamble Lane, through Cross Street, as the slip near the little bridge was quite out of repair, and several persons within the last few nights had fallen into the river."

    Accidents of this kind, combined with numerous robberies,* seemed to have aroused the corporation to relight their lamps, if we may judge from the following meeting of those citizens who loved darkness rather than light : —

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 159

    As the companion tells it

    Cork is the city around you, and in 1770 it went dark. The city lamps were discontinued on the 22nd of April that year. By the 22nd of November, the record says that since the lamps had been given up, a number of persons were drowned who, in all probability, might have been saved, if that useful and well appointed mode of lighting the streets had been continued. The public were cautioned in a Cork paper on the 26th of September, 1771, to be careful how they passed over the old draw-bridge after dusk, it being so old and out of repair as to be unable to be turned into its proper place. Shortly after this, one Gervis Leary, returning about eight o'clock to his lodgings opposite Shuttle Row, Hammond's Marsh, having missed the little bridge in consequence of the darkness of the night, fell into the channel and was drowned. Again the public were warned, in passing at night from Broad Lane to Fishamble Lane through Cross Street, as the slip near the little bridge was quite out of repair, and several persons within the last few nights had fallen into the river. Accidents of this kind, combined with numerous robberies, seemed to have aroused the corporation to relight their lamps.

42. Timber bridge uniting Youghal with County Limerick (1830)

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1830

    About a mile and a half north-east of Youghal, a timber bridge of Memel fir was erected by George Nimmo in 1830, uniting Youghal and County Cork with County Limerick. The bridge is 1,787 feet long and 22 feet broad, costing £22,000 plus £8,509 paid to the corporation for the ferry.

    Read the passage

    The sea is making great inroads on the land along this shore. The flat strand was once a race-course. Immediately beneath the sand is a layer of deep peat, from which bogwood is often raised. This is a splendid shore for sea-bathing, and the facilities of travelling between Cork and Youghal, afforded by the new railway, is likely to increase the number of visitors and residents, and the value of building property, as is the case at Queenstown. About a mile and a-half north-east of the town is a timber bridge, erected by George Nimmo, in 1830, which unites Youghal and the county of Cork with the county of Limerick. This bridge is constructed of Memel fir. It is 1,787 feet long, and 22 feet broad. It cost £22,000, besides £8,509, paid to the corporation for the ferry.* The government advanced £10,000 as a loan. Now that the new railroad to Cork is open, a steam ferry will be necessary to ply between the opposite shores, Mr. Lewis has placed a steam-boat on the river, which runs up to Cappoquin.

    The population of the town, at the present time, is about 9,000. It was formerly more than this. The woollen trade was carried on here extensively ; there was also a porcelain and fine delf manufactory, but these trades belong to the history of the past.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 236

43. Ursuline Convent at Blackrock

    near Blackrock · population centre · Cork · 1771–1840

    The Ursuline Convent at Blackrock is a noble mansion with about 40 acres of rich land, containing 47 nuns who educate about 60 boarding young ladies and about 300 National school children. The sisterhood was originally founded in Cork in 1771 and removed to Blackrock in 1840, with a pleasant cemetery of white marble headstones among cypress trees.

    Read the passage

    graceful spire, is a chapel of ease to the cathedral. The Ursuline Convent, of Blackrock, is a noble mansion, with about 40 acres of rich land. It contains 47 nuns, some of wtom superintend the education of about 60 young ladies, who board in the house. They also teach about 300 children, in a school connected with the National Board. This sisterhood was originally founded in Cork, in 1771, and was removed to Blackrock in 1840. There is a pleasant cemetery on the grounds, with white marble headstones —like the shades of departed vestals — standing among the cypress trees. The sister, by whom we were accompanied, smiled as she marked our curiosity in noting the ages on the tombs. No concealment here. We told her of a maiden lady who left it as a dying request that her age should not be recorded on the lid of her coffin.

    Proceeding down the river we pass, on the right, Eing-Mahon, Lakelands, Old-Court, Ardmore, Rockingham, Horsehead, Pembroke and Passage, which consists of wharfs, docks, two or three terraces, and a slender line of houses running along the river. A few better built mansions are beginning to climb the sides 'of the hill. The town contains a Protestant church, a Catholic chapel, and a Methodist meeting house. Pembrokestown and the town of Passage was granted to John Parsons by James II., and came into the possession of the Stamers and the Bolands, who intermarried with the Parson family.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 210

    As the companion tells it

    As you come through Blackrock, the Ursuline Convent is a noble mansion with about 40 acres of rich land. It contains 47 nuns, some of whom superintend the education of about 60 young ladies who board in the house. They also teach about 300 children in a school connected with the National Board. This sisterhood was originally founded in Cork in 1771 and was removed to Blackrock in 1840. There is a pleasant cemetery on the grounds, with white marble headstones standing among the cypress trees. A sister who accompanied the visitors smiled as she marked their curiosity in noting the ages on the tombs. No concealment here. The visitors told her of a maiden lady who left it as a dying request that her age should not be recorded on the lid of her coffin. Proceeding down the river there is King-Mahon, Lakelands, Old-Court, Ardmore, Rockingham, Horsehead, Pembroke and Passage. Passage consists of wharfs, docks, two or three terraces, and a slender line of houses running along the river. A few better built mansions are beginning to climb the sides of the hill. The town contains a Protestant church, a Catholic chapel, and a Methodist meeting house. Pembrokestown and the town of Passage was granted to John Parsons by James II, and came into the possession of the Stamers and the Bolands, who intermarried with the Parson family.

44. Wurtemberg plans to encamp at Rathcormac

    Rathcormack · town · Cork · 1690

    The Duke of Wurtemberg, having gotten his cannon over the bridge at Fermoy, resolved to encamp that night at Rathcormac. He promised to be up with the forces at Cork the next night.

    Read the passage

    " 25th. I went early, and met the Duke of Wurtemberg at Fermoy, where he had just got his cannon over the bridge, resolving to encamp that night at Eathcormac. I delivered my message, and having received his answer, that he would be up with us the next night without fail, I returned immediately back to Cork. "When I came to the camp, I found that Scravenmore was gone over to wait on the Earl of Marlborough, and therefore went over the river also, but not daring in the night to go to the camp, where I was a stranger (though I saw it from the hill) I went and quartered at Carrigrohan.

    * Curry Eippane. " The ruins of this ancient church, with its venerable cemetery, still remain. They are situated on very high ground, on the north side of the river Lee." — Dean David? Journal, p. 150.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 80

    As the companion tells it

    This is Rathcormack, where the Duke of Wurtemberg planned to encamp in 1690. He had just gotten his cannon over the bridge at Fermoy and resolved to camp in this town that night. A messenger met him at Fermoy, delivered his message, and received the Duke's answer: he would be up with the forces at Cork the next night without fail. The messenger returned immediately to Cork. At the camp there, he found Scravenmore had gone to wait on the Earl of Marlborough. He crossed the river too, but not daring in the night to go to the camp where he was a stranger, though he saw it from the hill, he quartered at Carrigrohan.

45. Youghal port designated for staple customs dues

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1290–1375

    The charter of the 49th year of Edward III directed that dues previously paid at Cork for certain staple articles should henceforth be paid at the port of Youghal. A petition from Cole's Exchequer Documents confirms a receiver of customs was stationed at Youghal as early as the 18th year of Edward I.

    Read the passage

    The charter of the 49 Edward III. directs that the dues hitherto paid at Cork for certain staple articles, shall be henceforth paid in the port of Youghal. The following petition from Cole's Exchequer Documents, illustrative of English history, proves there was a receiver of customs in the port of Youghal, as early as the 18 Edward I. : —

    " Petition of WILLIAM | To the noble King of England and to his DE BERKAMSTEDE. j Council, William de Berkamstede sheweth, that he has been in the king's service in Ireland at lokel, [Youghal] to keep the new custom, 13 years, by the order of the Justiciary and of the Treasurer, and still is there, and has had nothing for his services nor for his work for all that time, by great labour, and a great part thereof has been by reason of the keeping of this custom, because he lives at all times in the said town, to deliver the merchants who cannot be delayed. And a companion, who is joined with him to keep the custom, who has the half of the king's seal to keep as a check upon htm, and the half of the indented roll, is paid for all his time and for all his service, and allowance made at the exchequer of Divelyn [Dublin.] Of this the said William prays the king's grace, that his service for all the said time be allowed to him, for the soul of King Henry. The king directs that a writ be sued to the justice, that his reasonable service be paid to him by those who put him into office, and who ought to pay his demand."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 235

46. Alderman Ronayne's household inventory, Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1650–1670

    An original document published by the Kilkenny Archaeological Society records the household contents of Cork alderman Thomas Ronayne, who flourished in the mid-seventeenth century. The parlour and plate closet contained drawing boards, Turkey carpet stools, silver wine bowls, and spoons, with the whole household stock valued at about a hundred pounds.

    Read the passage

    Alexander attributes the distress and insolvency of the merchants in his time, to the bankers, who dug their graves ; but if all he says of the profligacy, stark glut^ tony, duelling,* and expensive funerals of these men, be correct, they were ready for their graves before they got into the bankers' hands. Mr. Caulfield, of Cork, has contributed the copy of an original document to the Journal of the Kilkenny Archaeological Society, (vol. i. pp. 75, 76, new series) which gives us a glimpse into the house of one of our city aldermen, Mr. Thomas Ronayne, who flourished in the middle of the seventeenth century, before Cork was in such a bankrupt state, f We shall carry the reader no farther than the parlour and plate closet, premising that the bed-chambers had a fair supply of feather beds and good linen sheeting, and the kitchen a due stock of plates and dishes, kettles, pans, brewing vats, and pots for aquavits, of which, as Sir George Carew would

    » Duelling. — Alexander twits the Cork merchants with quarrelling "on 'change where cowards are bound over. The man who draws his sword on full 'change would creep into its empty scabbard from real danger."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala

47. Ancient Monuments at Christ Church Graveyard

    Cork · city · Cork · 1494–1642

    The graveyard of Christ Church contains ancient monuments, one dating to 1494. Notable burials include Thome Eonan, Mayor of Cork in 1537 and 1549, and a 1642 inscription praying for 'ElLIK AND MARGARITE.' A stone bearing a tailor's shears and smoothing iron reflects the pride of the profession in those days.

    Read the passage

    The graveyard contains some ancient monuments, one of them as old as 1494. Here lies "Thome Eonan,"— Mayor of Cork in 1537 and 1549. Some kind and pious brother or sister prays, in 1642, " GOD'S

    PEACE BE WITH YOU MY TOW GOOD SHISTEES, ElLIK AND

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 160

    As the companion tells it

    Cork holds Christ Church graveyard with ancient monuments, one dating to 1494. Thome Eonan lies here, Mayor of Cork in 1537 and 1549. A 1642 stone prays, "God's peace be with you my two good sisters, Ellik and Margarite." Another bears a tailor's shears and smoothing iron, a mark of the trade.

48. Bantry's decline from loss of pilchard fishery

    Bantry · town · Cork · 1750

    Smith wrote of Bantry that a few years before his time, when pilchards frequented the bay, it was a thriving town, but for want of employment it had again fallen into decay. The fisheries along the coast from Youghal to Castletown were reported decreasing by 1857.

    Read the passage

    I find that the fisheries,* on this coast, had begun to decline even in Smith's time, or more than 100 years ago. Writing of Bantry, he says, " A few years ago, when the pilchards frequented this bay, it was a very thriving town, but for want of employment is again fallen into decay."

    The present state of the fisheries on our coast, from Youghal to Castletown, is by no means encouraging. The report of the Commissioners for 1857 states, that our fisheries in Youghal, Queenstown, Kinsale, and Castletown, are decreasing. The same may be said of Skibbereen, and indeed of every other fishing station on our coast. Our fisheries received a fearful blow during the famine, when fishing boats were left to rot on the shore. The efforts made of late years to revive the deep sea fisheries, have not been successful.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 268

    As the companion tells it

    As you come through Bantry in County Cork, you're passing a town that once lived by the sea. Smith, writing around 1750, said that a few years before his time, when pilchards frequented the bay, it was a very thriving town, but for want of employment it had again fallen into decay. The pilchards had gone, and with them the work. The decline was not Bantry's alone. By 1857 the Commissioners reported that fisheries all along the coast from Youghal to Castletown were decreasing. The famine had dealt a fearful blow, when fishing boats were left to rot on the shore, and efforts to revive the deep sea fisheries had not succeeded.

49. Barbers fined for Sunday trading in Cork, 1764

    Cork · city · Cork · 1764

    On 14 May 1764, nineteen master-barbers were convicted at the quarter-sessions in Cork for exercising their trade on the Lord's day and ordered to pay a crown fine for each offence. One was found guilty of shaving three persons at a half-penny each.

    Read the passage

    On the 14th of May, 1764, nineteen master-barbers were convicted at the quarter-sessions of exercising the functions of their trade on the Lord's day, and ordered to pay a crown fine for each offence. One of

    * Even the hogs and pigs. The city was at one time so over-run with these animals, that the mayor was obliged to set pig -traps to abate the nuisance.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 103

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Cork, there is a story from the year 1764. On the 14th of May, nineteen master-barbers were convicted at the quarter-sessions here for exercising their trade on the Lord's day, and ordered to pay a crown fine for each offence.

50. Battery of thirty-six pounders raised at Red Abbey

    Cork · city · Cork

    Heavy cannon were landed near the Red Cow by Red Abbey, where a battery of thirty-six pounders was raised. Playing against the city wall, it soon caused a breach, prompting the enemy to release Protestant prisoners and seek a parley.

    Read the passage

    The Dean continues his journal : " I also took care to have the course of Droope's mill-stream turned, which ran through the north of the city, and drove a grist mill there. In the morning our heavy cannon were landed near the Eed Cow, by Eed Abbey, and there a battery was raised of thirty-six pounders, which playing against the city wall, soon made it tumble ; whereon the enemy let the bishop | come out to us, whom they made prisoner in the city, with all the clergy, and about one thousand three hundred of the Protestants; and towards evening they beat a parley, and came to a treaty, whereon a truce was granted until the next morning.

    " 28th. — The enemy not accepting of the conditions offered, our cannon and bombs began to play most

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 82

    As the companion tells it

    As the road brings you through Cork, this is where heavy cannon were landed near the Red Cow, by Red Abbey. A battery of thirty-six pounders was raised there, playing against the city wall, and soon made it tumble. The enemy then let the bishop come out, whom they had made prisoner in the city, along with all the clergy and about 1,300 of the Protestants. Towards evening they beat a parley and came to a treaty, and a truce was granted until the next morning. On the 28th the enemy not accepting the conditions offered, the cannon and bombs began to play again.

51. Bishop Richard Boyle's church repairs and burial in Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1620–1644

    Richard Boyle served as Bishop of Cork from 1620 to 1636 and was credited with repairing more decayed churches and consecrating new ones than any other bishop of his time. He died in Cork in 1644 and was buried in the Cathedral of St. Finn-Barr.

    Read the passage

    "A.D. 1620-1636. Richard Boyle succeeded his cousin John, and after filling the office for sixteen years was translated to the see of Tuam. He died in Cork, the 19th of March, 1644, and was buried in the Cathedral of St. Finn-Barr, in a tomb which he had prepared for himself. Doctor Edward Worth, who preached his funeral sermon, said he had repaired more decayed churches, and consecrated new ones, while he was bishop of Cork, than any other bishop of his time.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 179

    As the companion tells it

    Cork holds the memory of Bishop Richard Boyle. He served as bishop from 1620 to 1636, succeeding his cousin John. After sixteen years he was translated to Tuam. He died in Cork on the 19th of March, 1644, and was buried in the Cathedral of St. Finn-Barr, in a tomb he had prepared for himself. Doctor Edward Worth, who preached his funeral sermon, said he had repaired more decayed churches and consecrated new ones than any other bishop of his time.

52. Blue-Coat School: Cork charity school for poor boys

    Cork · city · Cork

    A charitable school in Cork endowed to teach poor boys reading, writing, and arithmetic, providing blue coats, caps, food, and lodging. The author visited the school and found it well conducted despite its poor locality, with children well taught and cared for.

    Read the passage

    The income in 1750 was £457 5s. 6d.; in 1844 it was but £443 4s. 4d. I visited the school lately — it seems to be well conducted. Although in a poor locality, everything looks trim and neat about the school, and the children well taught and cared for. The £20 Irish, reserved for sending four boys to Trinity College, would not now suffice for one boy, so that this part of the original intention is inoperative.

    In Dunbar Street, which runs from Douglas Street to George's Quay, is the South Chapel, a large edifice. Here is the Dead Christ, a figure in white marble, by Hogan ; and in Abbey Street, which is a continuation of Douglas Street, are the South Monastery and Presbytery, and the South Convent, in both of which establishments a large number of poor children, of both sexes, receive a most excellent and practical education, fitting them for the after -duties of life.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 172

    As the companion tells it

    As you come through Cork, the Blue-Coat School was a charity school for poor boys, endowed to teach them reading, writing, and arithmetic, and to provide blue coats, caps, food, and lodging. In 1750 its income was 457 pounds, 5 shillings, and 6 pence. By 1844 it had fallen to 443 pounds, 4 shillings, and 4 pence. The author visited the school and found it well conducted. Although it stands in a poor locality, everything about it looked trim and neat, and the children were well taught and cared for. A sum of 20 pounds Irish had been reserved for sending four boys to Trinity College, but by then it would not suffice for one boy, and that part of the original intention was inoperative.

53. Castle Hyde and Desmond forfeited estates

    Castlehyde · townland · Cork · 1589

    Arthur Hyde was one of the original undertakers who received 6,000 acres of the Earl of Desmond's forfeited estates in 1589 at a rent of a penny an acre. The Castle-Hyde property, situated about three miles upriver from Fermoy on the Blackwater, was recently sold in the Encumbered Estates Court.

    Read the passage

    duty, I know not how it happened, but all the ladies of her court environed me about, and anon I took heed that they had tied about my left knee, a band of gold, garnished with precious stones, which formed a letter. It was a collar of SS, meaning souvenance, or remembrance, which, when I perceived, truth to say, it came nigher to my heart than to my knee; and to this collar was hanging a noble flower of souvenance (a forget-me-not) enamelled, and in manner of emprise." The present neat town of Fermoy was almost created by the late John Anderson, father of the late Sir James Anderson. It was he who built the bridge, the principal hotel, and a number of the houses, and made the government a free grant of forty acres of land for the barracks of Fermoy and Buttevant. It was he who ran the first mail coach between Cork and Dublin, which passed through Fermoy. The present population of the town is over 6000. Fermoy, which is clean and regularly built, is situated on the Blackwater. Near the bridge stands the former residence of John Anderson, and about three miles higher up, on the river, the beautiful demesne and mansion of Castle- Hyde. Arthur Hyde was one of the original Undertakers, who got 6000 acres of the Earl of Desmond's forfeited estates in 1589, at a rent of a penny an acre. — See vol. i.,p. 273. The Castle-Hyde property has been lately sold in the Encumbered Estates Court.

    Kilworth, a market and post town, lies about four miles to the north of Fermoy, on the banks of the river Funcheon, and consists of one long irregular street, with some good houses. This neighbourhood was the scene of some battles in the time of the civil war. The

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 240

54. Castlemartyr as Leper-town and leprosy in Cork

    Castlemartyr · townland · Cork

    Smith says Castlemartyr was anciently called Leper-town, from a leper-house belonging to an adjacent place called Ballyouteragh. The poet Spenser compared England with Ireland, noting the absence of leprosies in the former, confirming leprosy once prevailed throughout the county.

    Read the passage

    Smith says, Castlemartyr was anciently called Leper* '« town, from a leper-house belonging to an adjacent place called Ballyouteragh.* Luckombe, speaking of Midleton, or Chore Abbey, says, " Near the water side is an ancient building, supposed to have been used as a leperhouse." We learn from Bishop Dive Downes, that the Cork Blue-coat school stands near the convent and leper-house of St. Stephen. There can be no doubt that a disease called leprosy prevailed at one time throughout this county. The poet Spenser, comparing England with Ireland, says : —

    " No waling there, no -wretchedness is heard, No bloodie issues, nor no leprosies."

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 234

55. Cloyne bishopric founded by Coleman in sixth century

    Cloyne · town · Cork · 500–604

    A bishopric was established at Cloyne in the sixth century by Coleman, generally considered a disciple of St. Finn-Barr of Cork. The Latin life of St. Brendan records that Coleman founded the church at Cloyne which became the famous cathedral of Munster.

    Read the passage

    A bishopric was established in Cloyne in the sixth century. Coleman, the first bishop, is generally considered to have been a disciple of St. Finn-Barr, of Cork. His church at Cloyne is thus described by the author of the life of St. Brendan : — " Erat hie Colemanus, filius Lenini, vita et doctrina inter sanctos prsecipuus. Ipse fundavit ecclesiam Clonensem, quse est hodie cathedralis et famosa in partibus Momonise. Claruit in seculo sexto, sed placide tandem in Domino obdormivit anno G04."

    Mr. Croker describes the cathedral as a "small heavy building, without any pretension to ornament." Bishop Bennett concluded it was built between the middle and close of the thirteenth century, as it has no mouldings of the zigzag kind, nail-headed- or billeted kind, nor round arched windows, which distinguish what is called the Saxon, or rather Norman architecture, before the introduction of the Gothic, in the time of Henry III.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 228

56. Colonel Reynolds takes Carrick by surprise

    Carrick-on-Suir · town · Tipperary · 1649

    Cromwell sent a party of horse under Colonel Reynolds to Carrick, which they took by surprise. From Carrick they proceeded to Waterford and took the Passage fort and a large castle.

    Read the passage

    " Seeking God for direction," Oliver sends a party of horse under Colonel Eeynolds, to Carrick, which he takes by surprise. From Carrick they proceed to Waterford, and take the Passage fort, and a large castle, and then sit down before the Urbs Intacta, which they could not take ; so, in order to cover his failure and retreat, Cromwell writes in the following style to the Speaker. The letter was read in parliament, and ordered to be printed and published, and " sent to all the ministers next Lord's day, who are to be, as they best may, the voice of our devout thankfulness for these great mercies." Let us see in what these mercies consisted, for they did not consist in the taking of Waterford. " It hath pleased the Lord, whilst these things have been thus transacting here, to add to our interest in Munster, Bandon-Bridge, the town — as we hear upon the matter — thrusting out young Jephson, who was their governor, or else deserting it upon that jealousy. As also Kinsale and the fort there. Out of this fort 400 men marched upon articles, when it was surrendered ; so that now, by the hand of the Lord, your interest in Munster is near as good already as ever it was since this war began. I sent a party about two days ago to my Lord of Broghill, from whom I expect to have an account of all."

    We don't know how to understand what Cromwell says about Bandoru It is evident he got Broghill's version of it. Bandon was in the hands of the Boyles, the Earl of Cork's sons, who did what they pleased

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 55

57. Cook and barber receive freedom of Youghal on service conditions (1689)

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1689

    In 1689 a cook was granted the freedom of Youghal on condition he dress the mayor's feasts, and a barber on condition he shave the corporation. These practical arrangements illustrate how civic privileges were exchanged for specific services.

    Read the passage

    We know of no more noble institution of our forefathers than that which bestows political and civic privileges as the reward of art and industry in any of the recognised trades; nor one that has been more scandalously perverted from its original purpose, and employed for the oppression of those — tradesmen and mechanics — it was originally established to aid and honor. The honor or privilege of a freeman of any one of these guilds is lowered and degraded by being bestowed upon a mere gentleman. A cook received the freedom of Youghal in 1689, on condition that he should dress the mayor's feasts ; and a barber, on condition that he should shave the corporation. "We may smile, but there was reason in this, there was a quid

    in a gold box, and to Sir Alexander Schomberg in a silver box. His Royal Highness Prince William Henry, arrived in Cork December 2, 1787, danced with Miss Fitton, Miss Kellet, Lady Haly, Miss Becher, and Mrs. Armstead, and got his freedom in a gold box.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 97

58. Cork County Lunatic Asylum built 1847 on north bank of Lee

    Cork · city · Cork · 1847

    The County Lunatic Asylum stands on the northern bank of the river Lee in a 14th-century architectural style with a chapel and tower of a later period. Construction began in 1847 at enormous county expense, and it served roughly 500 patients annually.

    Read the passage

    The County Lunatic Asylum stands on the northern bank of the river Lee. The style of architecture is of the 14th century. The chapel and tower of a more advanced period. It is spread along an immense frontage, and is as windy as the caves of JEolus. The annual number of patients is somewhere about 500. The building was commenced in 1847, and erected at an enormous expense to the county.

    On the same side of the river, and about a mile from Cork, are the Corporation Water-Works, erected in 1857. The engine, which was manufactured by the Messrs. Mac Adam, of Belfast, is styled a Cornish Pumping Steam Engine. It is guaranteed to raise 2,000,000 gallons of water to the height of 180 feet in twenty-four working hours, Judging from the fearful thumping of the engine, I suspect it will soon work itself out, or beat itself down. It consumes more coals than the corporation had reason to expect.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 186

59. Court-House on Great George's Street, Cork

    George's Street · street · Cork · 1835

    The Court-House on Great George's Street was built in 1835 by G. R. Paine after a design by Kearnes Deane. Its graceful portico and Corinthian columns excited the admiration of Lord Macaulay, who said it would do honor to Palladio.

    Read the passage

    GREAT GEORGE'S STREET is not so long, but wider and better built than Old George's Street. It is on the same plan as Westmoreland Street, Dublin, but not so wide nor so sunny. It occupies the sites of a number of the narrowest and dirtiest lanes of Cork. It runs from the Grand Parade until it unites itself to, or becomes a part of the Western Eoad. On the right hand side of this street, as we leave the Parade, is the Court-House, whose graceful portico and Corinthian columns excited the admiration of Lord Macauley. He speaks of a Corinthian portico, which would do honor to Palladio. It is raised on a platform of eleven steps, and surmounted by three majestic and beautiful figures of Law, Justice, and Mercy. The Court-House was built in 1835, by G. E. Paine, after a design by Kearnes Deane.

    There are six bridges crossing the North and South Channels, or branches of the river, that enclose Cork. On the South branch four — the Anglesea, or the Metal bridge, Parliament bridge, South bridge, and Clarke's bridge ; and on the North side two — the North bridge and Patrick's bridge. The foundation stone of this

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 166

    As the companion tells it

    Along here on Great George's Street in Cork stands the Court-House. The street is not so long, but wider and better built than Old George's Street. It runs from the Grand Parade until it unites itself to the Western Road, and it occupies the sites of a number of the narrowest and dirtiest lanes of Cork. It is on the same plan as Westmoreland Street in Dublin, but not so wide nor so sunny. The Court-House was built in 1835, by G. E. Paine, after a design by Kearnes Deane. Its graceful portico and Corinthian columns excited the admiration of Lord Macaulay. He spoke of a Corinthian portico which would do honor to Palladio. It is raised on a platform of 11 steps, and surmounted by three majestic and beautiful figures of Law, Justice, and Mercy.

60. Cromwell's negotiations at Kilkenny

    Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny

    Cromwell marched to Kilkenny where he changed his tone, speaking of sins and the judgments of God. He offered fair terms which were eventually accepted after extended negotiations.

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    Cromwell advances from Castletown to Cahir, which he took with one of his clever missives. "Having brought my army and cannon near this place, I think it fit to offer you terms honorable to soldiers." They are at once accepted. He marches to Kilkenny, where he adopts a somewhat different style, and speaks of sins, and the judgments of God, but offers fairs terms, which are accepted, after a lengthened correspondence,

    112 HISTORY OP CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcountyc02gibsiala, Chapter 59