Name: Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society
Author: Cork Historical and Archaeological Society

Lord Inchaquin defeats rebels four miles from Mallow

Mallow · town · Cork · 1642

The Lord of Inchaquin and Captain Gipson gave a great overthrow to the rebels four miles from Mallow near the town of Brohill and the mountains foot. This was one of several recent English victories against the rebels in County Cork.

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The Lord of Inchaquin and Captayne Gipson have given of late a great overthrow of the Rebles 4 miles from Mallow neere the Towne of Brohill and the mountaynes foote.
My Lord of Broghill relieved Sir Richard Osborne's Castle and brought him home with him to Lismore very lately and killed two hundred of the Rebels which had besieged the castle, I believe they will never besige that Castle any more, because they have had such ill success, for I was with my Lord in the beginning of March last when wee put many hundreds of them to flight, they had besieged it then, and killed many of them and took some prisoners.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 179

Lord Muskerry's revolt and council of war at his house

near Muskerry · street · Cork · 1642

Lord Muskerry declared for the rebellion, and many chief lords joined him, meeting at his house to plan the war. They chose Garrott Barry as Lord General and established a Council of War, levying a large army from lords and gentlemen within twenty miles.

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with the Lord President of Munster, being then at Cork, who hoped to restrain him ; but in vain, for those men guessing that that lord would prove a very important man who would much advance their cause if they could work his revolt, laboured by all means to effect the same. And this was quickly brought to pass, partly through Jesuitical power exercised over him, partly through an interest which some of the chief of the faction had in him, and partly by an overreaching wit whereby At the Lord tney circumvented him. Their coming to him was to use Muskeny's the same measures of fraud as the general had used force entered hito to tnem but a little before in gaining them into their considerations, accursed confederation. And so soon as the Lord Muskerry declared himself very many chief lords of countries did the like, and met all together at his house, where they entered into deep consideration about managing the intended war ; and, to avoid jealousies among themselves in matter of superiority, it was resolved that none of the chief
lords and gentlemen should bear anv office in the army, Garrott Barry & * J '

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 45

Mil's fortress still visible at Murbech, Aranmore

Innismore · street · Dublin · 1–100

The Firbolg chief Mil settled at Murbech in Aranmore, where his fortress may still be seen according to the author's account of the Firbolg dispersal.

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In Connaught they were kindly received, and settled westward along its pleasant coasts — Aengus, at Dun Aengus, in Aranmore ; Cime, at Lough Cime, now Lough Hackett, county Galwav ; Cutru, at Cut Lough, now Lough Cooter, at Gort, county Galwav ; Mil, at Murbech, in Aranmore, where his fortress may still be seen ; Beara, at Rinn Beara now Kinvarra, county Galway ; Irgas, at Ceann Boirne, now called Black Head, in county Clare, overhanging Galway Bay ; Cing, at Oigle, in county Mayo (Cruachan Oigle was the old name of Croagh Patrick) ; Concraid, at Inis Meadon, the mid island of the Aran group. One of the sons of Umor settled not far from Caherconlish. Asal, meaning " noble," having passed over the Shannon, settled at Drom-Asail, which is now known as Tory Hill, from cojfijt>e, a pursuer, an outlaw, but the old name still survives, for an old man named Punch, living beside Lough Gur, told me the Irish name of Tory Hill was Cnoc-droma-Asail, " the hill of the long ridge of Asal."
Carbrv Niafear ("heroic man"), when he heard of the flight of his tenants, was deeply incensed, and called upon the four chieftains who guaranteed the good conduct of the Firbolgs to punish them. These four were — Ceat mac Magach, Ros mac Deadad, Conall Cearnach, and the mighty Cuchulain. With these fought four great chiefs of the Firbolgs, three brothers of Aenghus — Cing, Cimi Cethir-Cenn, Irgas, and his son Conall — who were all slain, and so was soothed the angry spirit of the " heroic man."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 184

As the companion tells it

Along here you're near Mil's fortress at Murbech in Aranmore. The Firbolgs had been driven from their lands, and in Connaught they were kindly received. They settled westward along its pleasant coasts, each chief taking a place. Aengus went to Dun Aengus in Aranmore. Cime settled at Lough Cime, now Lough Hackett, county Galway. Cutru took Cut Lough, now Lough Cooter, at Gort. Mil came to this place, where his fortress may still be seen. Beara settled at Rinn Beara, now Kinvarra, county Galway. Irgas went to Ceann Boirne, now Black Head, county Clare, overhanging Galway Bay. Cing took Oigle in county Mayo, where Cruachan Oigle was the old name of Croagh Patrick. Concraid settled on Inis Meadon, mid island of the Aran group. One son of Umor settled not far from Caherconlish. Asal, meaning "noble," crossed the Shannon and settled at Drom-Asail, now Tory Hill, from a word for a pursuer, an outlaw. The old name survived: an old man named Punch, living beside Lough Gur, said the Irish name of Tory Hill was Cnoc-droma-Asail, "the hill of the long ridge of Asal." Carbry Niafer, the "heroic man," heard of the flight of his tenants and was deeply incensed. He called on four chieftains who had guaranteed the good conduct of the Firbolgs to punish them: Ceat mac Magach, Ros mac Deadad, Conall Cearnach, and Cuchulain. Against them fought four great Firbolg chiefs, three brothers of Aenghus, Cing, Cimi Cethir-Cenn, Irgas, and Irgas's son Conall. All were slain, and so was soothed the angry spirit of the "heroic man."

Muskerry Yeomanry re-embodied amid political crisis of 1822

near Muskerry · street · Cork · 1822–1827

Amid the Catholic emancipation crisis, the Insurrection Act, and clashes between Orange lodges and Whiteboy associations, the Muskerry Yeomanry cavalry were re-embodied in 1822. The gentry of East and West Muskerry formed the corps, obtaining uniforms and arms from a regiment of Carbineers then stationed in Cork.

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It was under these circumstances that the Muskerry Yeomanry (cavalry) were again embodied. The Orderly Book of the corps affords details as to the regulations and personnel of this body of men, the gentry of East and West Muskerry. Tradition tells that they obtained their uniforms and arms — sword, carbine and pistol — from a regiment of Carbineers then in Cork. A picture of the arms is shown opposite.
Of the uniform no trace has been preserved in the baronies so far as has been ascertained.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 143

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Muskerry, in 1822, a yeomanry cavalry corps was re-embodied. The gentry of East and West Muskerry formed the body, and tradition says they obtained their uniforms and arms — sword, carbine and pistol — from a regiment of Carbineers then stationed in Cork. An Orderly Book of the corps recorded its regulations and personnel. No trace of the uniform has been preserved in the baronies.

Negotiations at the Short Castle, Moyalloe, 1642

Mallow · town · Cork · 1642

On 15th February, rebels prepared to assault the Short Castle at Moyalloe, commanded by Lieutenant Williamson. Rather than direct attack, they negotiated for surrender, but Williamson insisted he was bound to allies in the Great Castle and would not consent without their approval.

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thing worthy of note except bullets between the castles and the rebels, whom I must needs commend (as not intending to defraud the " divell of his due ") for their inclination to the sparing of blood, and am confident they had rather taken one castle by perjury and fraud than four by assault. And, in pursuance of this charity, they belaboured Lieutenant Williamson (who had the chief government in the Short Castle) with serious treatise, persuasions, and expostulations of surrendering upon any conditions himself would propound. Whereunto the Lieutenant answered that he was engaged to his friends in the Great Castle never to consent to any such thing without their approbation, and that, if the rebels so desired, he would write to them, and send a servant of his own thither to negotiate that particular, which was easily consented to, on condition that they might know what was written and

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 16

Rebel army encamps at Lord Roche's house in Castletown

Castletownroche · town · Cork

The retreating rebel army arrived at Lord Roche's house at Castletown two hours into the night. The General's party stayed there against Lord Roche's will and departed the next morning with discontent, taking his prey with them.

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aftewards the rebels themselves in a far greater, began to march out of the town ; the greatest part of them towards Lord Roche's country, and the rest towards Buttevant. At sight whereof they of the castle sent out scouts on horseback, on whose return, and by the relation of a prisoner they took, they understood the enemy were gone clean away, and in some haste, fear, and distraction, and the truth was there not a man left in the town by time it was dark. It was said to be two hours in the night before they came to the Lord Roche's house at Castletown, and that they (I conceive) those of the General's party entertained themselves there in spite of his teeth ; and not so much as bade him farewell the next morning, but departed with wonderful discontent, and took Lord Roche's prey of his country away with them.
But before they departed from Moyalloe, they first set the town on fire in five or six places, with intention to totally destroy it, though it pleased God many of the stout houses were saved through the extreme wetness of the season. Amongst the rest, the Short Castle was set on fire, said to be an act of Lord Roche's, who was seen to direct the carrying in of a burden of straw, and to follow it himself with a firebrand.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 20

Rebels warmly received in Kilmallock

Kilmallock · town · Limerick

Lord Mungarrett and his rebel forces marched to Kilmallock, where they were warmly received by the townsmen. The townspeople were noted for treating the English unkindly and dealing roughly with those who had commerce with them.

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They marched to the Towne of Kilmallock in the County of Limbricke, where 1 heard the Lord Mungarrett was loveingly received by the Townsmen with the rest of his discontented gentlemen for they used the English very courfcly that lived in those partes and others that had occasion to deale and commerse with them.
The third clay of Ffebruary the Lord President, the Earl of Barrimore, the Lord of Dungarvane, my Lord of Broghill and Sir William Courtney marched towards the Redshard to have given English army tne enemy a meeting, the Redshard is the receptacle for against the the Rebells of those partes, it is as daungcrous a place for woods and boggs as any in Ireland, it lycth in Sir Edward FitzHarris his country not farre from the Towne of Kilmallock.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 171

Rockite Insurrection and outrages at Caherconlish, 1821

Caherconlish · town · Limerick · 1821

The Rockite Insurrection broke out in county Limerick in 1821 after months of rain rotted crops and starvation threatened the people. Thousands of troops were quartered across towns and villages, and many outrages were committed in the Caherconlish district.

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This Lieutenant Leckie had been sent to Caherconlish with his men to protect the inhabitants against the Rockites. Throughout the country some thousands of troops were quartered in every town and village, and also in the houses of several of the gentry and clergy. Rain for months had fallen almost continuously, the crops were rotting in the ground, and could not be saved ; starvation stared the people full in the face. Maddened, they threw off all restraints, and the wild Rockite Insurrection broke out in 1821 in the count)- Limerick. Fitzgerald, writing in 1 S26, says: " In every quarter of the county predator)- bands rushed forth under the guidance of an invisible chief styled ' General Rock.' They declared their determination to pull down high rents, tythes, and taxes and threatened with instant destruction all landed proprietors who should fail to regulate their conduct according to their instructions. To procure arms was their first object, and every house was attacked where arms were likely to be found. Death was denounced against all who should make any resistance. One of their first victims was a Roman Catholic clergyman, who meeting a party of insurgents by night ventured to
to me to be the Shannon, and the river Senos would represent the Corrib River and Gahvay Bay. It is only in recent times that the name Shannon has been applied to the river from Limerick to the sea. It was called Luimneach, that is, "bare river." Writers in making no doubt about the identification oi Ptolemy's Senos with the Shannon considered it such an usual word that it could not be anything but the Shannon, whereas Senos \ immon a word as our English word "river." Dur

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 224

St. Lacteen's Well and its desecration legend

Donaghmore · townland · Cork

The site of St. Lacteen's Well, now dry, lies between the gullawns and Stuake. Local tradition attributes the well's disappearance to its desecration by a woman who washed her soiled clothes in it. St. Lacteen was the patron saint of the parish.

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Between this and Stuake there is the site of what was St. Lacteen's Well. It is now dry, but has the usual thorn bushes at it. They attribute the removal of the well to its desecration by a woman who washed her soiled clothes in it. This is like the story in Pausanias of a well near T.enarus in the Peloponnesus, in which could be seen all ships that passed in the Mediterranean, until a woman washed a garment in it, after which it lost the faculty of showing what was taking place far off at sea. St. Lacteen was the patron saint of this parish, from whom was derived the famous Laimh Lacteen or "brazen hand of Lacteen," which is well known to antiquaries, and I believe was purchased by the government for the Dublin Museum, where I suppose it now is. I have heard that Laimh Lacteen is, or was, a common exclamation in this parish.
384 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 222

Tea tower in Caherconlish orchard

Caherconlish · town · Limerick

A tea tower formerly stood in the orchard at the west end of Caherconlish village, erected by a Mr. MacNamara whose uncle John Brown was an architect with property in the village. MacNamara made and lost a fortune in the wine business in Limerick before dying poor in America.

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Until a few years ago there was a tea tower standing in the orchard at west end of village. This was erected by a Mr. MacXamara, whose uncle, Mr. John Brown,(ic0 was an architect, and owned a good deal of house property in Caherconlish in the beginning of the century. Mr. MacXamara, whose father belonged to Cork city, had a somewhat romantic career. When young he went to France, and having learned the wine business there, came home and set up in business in Limerick, and soon realized a large fortune, but he lost it all again, and died a poor man in America. Mr. John Brown was in partnership with Mr. Hannan, the architect of the county Limerick Courthouse, which was opened in 1809, and he and Mr. Hannan built several of the glebe houses erected about this time in county Limerick. The Browns first appear in the municipal lists of Limerick in the fifteenth century. 1 heard a curious tradition about the family of Mr. John Brown. His ancestors lived at the foot of Knockroe hills. Some English soldiers having endeavoured to drive off the cattle of the Browns, there ensued a fight in which one of the soldiers was killed ; the Browns fearing the consequence, and considering "discretion the better part of valour," sought safety in flight, and went off to some place in the west, called after them Brown's Island,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 209

Thomas Rose — mayor and lamp-lighter of Limerick

Limerick · city · Limerick · 1689–1713

Mr. Thomas Rose, a gentleman in the county who drove a coach, was the first to have Limerick lighted with lamps at his own expense. He was attainted by the Parliament of King James in 1689 and served twice as mayor of Limerick in 1695-6. His eldest son Henry Rose became Lord Chief Justice of King's Bench under George II.

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gentleman in the county who drove a coach ; this gentleman was also the first to have Limerick lighted with lamps, having provided them at his own expense. Mr. Thomas Rose was attainted by the Parliament of King James in 1689, and was twice mayor of Limerick, in 1695-6. Mr. Henry Rose, his eldest son, was M.l\ for Ardfert, 1703 and 1713, and was Lord Chief Justice of King's Bench in the time of George II.
At Ahabeg there is an old gateway called Gathanree, or King's Gate, so named, it is said, from King William, who visited Ahabeg- when his troops were encamped at the castle of Tooreen, "little bleaching ground." The ruins of this castle are still visible, standing to the south-west of Ahabeg, on the banks of the Groodie. I do not know anything of the history of the castle. We may safely ascribe it to the Burkes, and I think it may be the castle which is called Straghan in Speede's map.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 205

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Limerick, you are passing through a city first lit by lamps at the expense of one man. Thomas Rose was a gentleman in the county who drove a coach. He was the first to have Limerick lighted with lamps, having provided them at his own expense. He was attainted by the Parliament of King James in 1689, and twice served as mayor of Limerick, in 1695-6. His eldest son Henry Rose was member of Parliament for Ardfert in 1703 and 1713, and became Lord Chief Justice of King's Bench in the time of George II.

Twenty-One Bridges Walking Route of Cork City

Cork · city · Cork

The author describes a scenic walking and driving route crossing twenty-one bridges across Cork City, from Victoria Cross to the 'Groves of de Pool,' passing landmarks including Elizabeth Fort, St. Fin Barre's Cathedral, Murphy's Brewery, and the Custom House. The route traverses every district of the city without crossing any bridge twice and can be completed in an hour and a half by a good walker.

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Here is a romantic " route " over twenty-one bridges, which I struck out for myself, or to show to any strangers who may wish to see Cork City thoroughly. They are all open for walking or driving ; there's plenty ot water under them, the steam roller may pass over them, and whoever follows them up will see everything worth seeing in the Beautiful City, and need not cross any bridge twice, though passing through all districts from Victoria Cross to the classic " Groves of de Pool": — Go down the South Mall and cross over Parnell Bridge, Union Quay, George's Quay, over Parliament Bridge ; go round and over South Gate Bridge from the north side of it, French's Quay, and over Proby's Bridge (which is on the site of the bridge in The Pacata leading to "St. Marie's of the Isle"), round by St. Dominic's or Hall's Mill Bridge, passing Elizabeth Fort and St. Fin Barre's Cathedral, Fitton Street, over the bridge by the Convent and Schools of the Good Sisters ; round Wandesford Quay and over Clarke's Bridge, up Hanover Street, the Western Road, over the Gaol Bridge, round Gaol westward, over Glasheen Bridge, round Denehy's Cross, over bridge near Victoria Cross, over George the IV.'s Bridge, round by top of Dyke to Wellington Bridge (where you have beautiful views up and down the river) ; round by Sunday's Well, cross St. Vincent's Bridge, go along by Bachelor's quay, over North Gate Bridge and Pope's Quay, over the Bridge where the Kiln river runs into the Lee, down Carroll's Quay and over Punch's Bridge, down John Street and over John Street Bridge, near Saw Mills, Leitrim Street, and round Murphy's Brewery, Watercourse Road; cross the humpy Bridge at end of Great Britain Street, round the little Catholic Church and across Old Blackpool Bridge, back by Watercourse Road, turn up Pope's Road, and over its Bridge, round its little quay to Leitrim Street, go through Pine Street, along Camden Quay, over St. Patrick's Bridge, and you are again in the heart of the busy city, having seen every building, church, and view worth seeing, from the Custom House to the Water Works, having crossed over none of the bridges twice, seen many queer old spots, got a good appetite for breakfast or dinner, and having a strong inclination to rest, though a good walker can do the whole thing without stopping in an hour and a-half. Now that is twenty-one.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 283

Weighmaster dispute in Clonakilty borough

Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1724

In April 1724, a dispute arose in Clonakilty over the appointment of James Spiller as weighmaster, replacing Francis Hanglin. Burgesses objected that Hanglin had taken the position when no one else would and when it was of no value, and had served to general satisfaction.

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" Whereas Harry Freke, esqr. suffrain of the burrough of Cloughnakilty, attended by Mr. Richard Hungerford, deputy recorder, Sr. Emanuel Moore, Coll. John Honner, John Townesend, esqr> Mr. Arnold Gookin, Capt. John Birde, burgesses of said burrough, called and held a court of record in and for the said burrough at the house of James Spiller on the fifteenth of this instant April, and whereas the suffrain then and there in open court did declare that he call'd said court with design to swear James Spiller weighmaster of the sd. burrough in the room of Francis Hanglin, and all the sd. burgesses except Mr. Arnold Gookin objected that it would be a hardship to displace Francis Hanglin from being weighmaster, because he accepted of the place when no other would, and when it was of no value, and behaved himself in it to the general satisfaction and ease of the burrough, whereupon the suffrain finding he could not carry it by the majorite of voices, then made an objection, and an abridgment of the late statute made for continuing and amending the laws in relation to butter and tallow casks being produc'd to him, he declared he did not know whether the statute was truly abridg'd, and said he wou'd adjourn the court to this day, being Wednesday, the 22nd of April instant, and that he wou'd by this day produce the sd. statute, and lay it before the court ; and pursuant thereto the court was adjourned by the recorder to the usual hour, \ an hour after ten of the clock ; that soon after the said suffrain, with all the abovenamed burgesses (except Mr. Gookin), were at the house of Francis Hanglin, where the suffrain then repeated that he would have the statute laid before them, and thereupon the said burgesses promised to attend him this day in court. Now the said John Honner sets forth that the said Harry Freke, suffrain, came to his house yesterday, being the 21st inst., where he lay last night, on condition that the said Honner wou'd go with him very early this morning to Cloughnakilty, pretending

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 83

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Clonakilty, a town in Cork with a stubborn piece of borough history from April 1724. Harry Freke, sovereign of the borough, called a court of record at the house of James Spiller on the 15th of that month. He was attended by Richard Hungerford, deputy recorder, and burgesses Emanuel Moore, John Honner, John Townesend, Arnold Gookin, and John Birde. Freke declared in open court that he intended to swear James Spiller as weighmaster of the borough, in place of Francis Hanglin. All the burgesses except Arnold Gookin objected. They said it would be a hardship to displace Francis Hanglin, because he had accepted the place when no one else would, and when it was of no value, and had behaved himself in it to the general satisfaction and ease of the borough. Finding he could not carry it by the majority of voices, Freke raised an objection. An abridgment of a recent statute for continuing and amending laws relating to butter and tallow casks was produced to him. He declared he did not know whether the statute was truly abridged, and said he would adjourn the court to Wednesday the 22nd of April, and would by that day produce the statute and lay it before the court. The recorder adjourned the court to the usual hour, an hour after ten. Soon after, Freke and all the named burgesses except Gookin gathered at the house of Francis Hanglin. Freke repeated that he would have the statute laid before them, and the burgesses promised to attend him that day in court. John Honner then set forth that Freke had come to his house on the 21st, staying the night on condition that Honner would go with him very early the next morning to Clonakilty.

William Tonson's rise from kitchen menial at Spanish Island

Spanish Island · townland · Cork · 1724–1787

William Tonson, later Lord Riversdale, was said to have been an illegitimate son of Richard Tonson of Spanish Island, Cork, in whose kitchen he was employed as a menial in his youth. He inherited the estates, took the Tonson name, and after 'abject importunity' obtained a peerage as Baron Riversdale in 1783.

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Said, in Gentleman 's Magazine, 1787, to have been an illegitimate son of Richard Tonson, of Spanish Island, Cork, m.p. {q.v.), whose estates he inherited, and whose name he took, and in whose kitchen he was employed as a menial in his youth. He, after " abject importunity," obtained a peerage, being created Baron Riversdale in 1783. He was born 1724, and died 4th December, 1787.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 190

As the companion tells it

Close to Spanish Island, this is where William Tonson began. Born in 1724, said to be an illegitimate son of Richard Tonson, he worked as a menial in Richard's kitchen in his youth. He inherited the estates and took the Tonson name. After what one account calls 'abject importunity,' he was created Baron Riversdale in 1783. He died on the 4th of December 1787.

Ballyhindon: Mr. Roche's house as military headquarters

Ballyhindon · townland · Cork · 1643

After the capture of Cloghleigh Castle, Sir Charles Vavasor dined at Ballyhindon, Mr. Roche's house, which served as his command post during the military operations in the area. Captured garrison members were brought there for protection.

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IR CHARLES VAVASOR marched to Condon's country and took the Castle of Cloghleigh on the 3rd June, 1643, a^ter an obstinate defence by Condon, the governor. In this castle were about twenty men. eleven women, and seven children, some of which the soldiers stripped in order to kill them, but were prevented by Major Howell, who went to Sir Charles Vavasor, then at Ballyhindon, Mr. Roche's house, where he dined that day, and committed them to the care of Captain Wind ; who leaving them to a guard of horse, they stripped them again, and fell on them with carbine, sword, and pistol. This cruelty was so resented by Sir Charles that he vowed to hang those that commanded the guard, and would certainly have done so had not the next day's action prevented him, which proved to have been the most considerable loss the English yet received.
5IO CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 293

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here in Ballyhindon, Sir Charles Vavasor made his headquarters in June 1643. He had marched into Condon's country and taken Cloghleigh Castle on the 3rd of June after obstinate defence by Condon, the governor. The castle held about 20 men, 11 women, and 7 children. Soldiers stripped some of the captives to kill them, but Major Howell prevented it. He came to Sir Charles at Mr. Roche's house, where Vavasor was dining that day. Sir Charles committed the captives to Captain Wind. But Wind left them to a guard of horse, who stripped them again and attacked with carbine, sword, and pistol. Sir Charles resented this cruelty so deeply that he vowed to hang those who had commanded the guard. He would certainly have done so, but the next day's action prevented him, which proved the most considerable loss the English had yet received.

Caherconlish Castle collapse and Wilson family seat

Caherconlish · town · Limerick · 1700–1799

The Wilson family long inhabited Caherconlish Castle on Castle Hill, but towards the close of the eighteenth century the castle suddenly split from top to bottom and became a ruin. The Wilsons then built a fine mansion south of Castle Hill, later remodelled by Daniel F. Gabbett with an artificial lake in front.

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The Wilson family lived for a long time in Caherconlish Castle, but towards the close of last century the castle one day suddenly split from top to bottom, and soon became a complete ruin. Dincley gives a sketch of this castle standing on the hill now called Castle Hill, just outside the wall of the churchyard. When the castle tumbled down the Wilsons built a very fine mansion some distance to the south of the Castle Hill. When Mr. Daniel F. Gabbett purchased the property he spent several thousand pounds in remodelling this house and improving the surroundings. The house is finely situated at the foot of the eastern spur of the Knockroe hills ; in front is an artificial lake in which for many years there swam a solitary swan until last year (type of Caherconlish), for
2lUjib 4t) Tn'-w.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 207

Carrigoreely castle ruins and vanished stone figure

Caherconlish · town · Limerick

Near Caherconlish, a rock called Carrigoreely preserves the name of the Ui Faircheallaigh tribe. On it stand ruins of a castle built by the Burkes, and nearby a large rath was excavated about eighty years ago, yielding a small stone figure of a man with a sword that mysteriously vanished the night after its discovery.

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Fragments. — The barony in which Lough Gur lies, now known by the name of Small County, was formerly called Deis Beag. Its old inhabitants were a race of Firbolgs named Mairtine, or Muirtine. These were subdued by three septs, called by O'Heerin the O'Luain, the Ui Duibhrose, and the Ui Faircheallaigh. Dr. O'Donovan says the last name is anglicised O'Farrelly, but that there is not one person of the name to be found in Small County. I do not think that any trace of the occupation of this tribe can now be found in Small County, but near Caherconlish there is a rock, Carrigoreely.C1) and a townland named from it, which preserves the name of the Ui Faircheallaigh. Upon this rock are the ruins of a castle built by the Burkes, and a short distance to the south is the site of a large rath which was dug out about eighty years ago. The people have a story that a small stone figure of a man, with a sword at his side, was then found, but that it vanished most mysteriously the night after its discovery. Mention of Lough Gur is made in the account of the wars of Diarmaid Mac Maoilnambo, king of Leinster, and Toirdhealbhach Mac Briain, with Donnchadh Mac Briain. Toirdhealbhach was grandson of Brian Boroimhe, and foster-son of Diarmaid. He was the rightful sovereign of Munster on the death of his father, Tadhg, who had been assassinated by his brother, Donnchadh, in 1023. When Toirdhealbhach grew up, he and his foster-father waged incessant war on Donnchadh. They destroyed the
(>) Carrigoreely represents the Irish Cdjl|t4?3 U) Tojnce4lU?5.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 88

Constable Duggan wounded by Fenians near Glenbeigh

Glenbeigh · town · Kerry · 1867

On the night of 13 February, Mounted Constable William Duggan was conveying official despatches near Glenbeigh when called upon by a large body of insurgents to stop and deliver the documents. He refused, continued his journey, and was fired at, severely wounded, and disabled.

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9. Mounted Constable Duggan, who, on the night of the 13th of February, was conveying official despatches, and was called upon near Glenbeigh by a large body of insurgents to stop and deliver up those documents, which he refused to do, but proceeded with courage and fidelity on his journey, when he was fired at and severely wounded and disabled.
(1) Up till 1883 "Constable" was equivalenl to Sergeant, and "Acting-Constable" to Acting- Sergeant.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 154

As the companion tells it

As you come through Glenbeigh in Kerry, this is where a mounted constable named William Duggan met his trouble in February 1867. He was riding on the night of the 13th, carrying official despatches, when a large body of insurgents called on him near the town to stop and hand over his documents. He refused. He pressed on with his journey, and they fired at him. He was severely wounded and disabled.

Fiery dragon's apocalyptic course from Old Head of Kinsale

near Old Head of Kinsale · promontory · Cork

A prophecy states that a fiery dragon will begin its course at Dun Cearmna, the Old Head of Kinsale, and flash as far as Sruibh Brain, or Lough Foyle, killing three-fourths of the people of the world.

Read the passage

Some Stray Notes. — The curious legend of the impatient serpent has obtained a wide circulation. I heard it years ago in Cork, and an old native of Caherconlish told it to me lately. The legend may have originated from an old prophecy which O'Curry (Lect. on MS. Materials, 426) translates from Leabhar Mor Duna Doighre. " Loch Bel Sead, or the ' lake of the jewel mouth,' was called also Loch Bel Dragain, or the ' dragon mouth lake '; because Ternog's nurse caught a fiery dragon in the shape of a salmon, and St. Fursa induced her to throw it into Loch Bel Sead. And it is that dragon will come in the festival of St. John, near the end of the world, in the reign of Flann Cinaidh. And it is of it and out of it shall grow the Fiery Bolt which will kill three-fourths of the people of the world." Loch Bel Sead is now called Lough Muskry, from the old territory of Muscraidhe Ui Chuirc, in which it is situated. This lake originated, according to the legend, from the playing of a harper named Cliach. He stood so long on one spot, that the ground burst under his feet. The old name of the Galtee mountains is Crotta Cliach, or the "harps of Cliach." The fiery dragon will begin his course at Dun Cearmna, or Old Head of Kinsale, and will flash as far as Sruibh Brain, or Lough Foyle. The reign of Flann Cinaidh (voracious) will be a momentous one for Cork, for during it also will come the broom out of Fanait, in Donegal, which will bring direful woe to the people of Cork.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Old Head of Kinsale, a prophecy says a fiery dragon will begin its course here at Dun Cearmna. The story comes from Leabhar Mor Duna Doighre, translated by O'Curry. A dragon was caught in the shape of a salmon by Ternog's nurse, and St. Fursa induced her to throw it into Loch Bel Sead, the lake of the jewel mouth, also called Loch Bel Dragain, the dragon mouth lake. That lake is now called Lough Muskry, in the old territory of Muscraidhe Ui Chuirc. According to the legend, the lake itself originated when a harper named Cliach stood so long on one spot that the ground burst under his feet. The old name of the Galtee mountains is Crotta Cliach, the harps of Cliach. The dragon will come in the festival of St. John, near the end of the world, in the reign of Flann Cinaidh. Out of it shall grow the Fiery Bolt which will kill three-fourths of the people of the world. The dragon will begin his course at Dun Cearmna, the Old Head of Kinsale, and flash as far as Sruibh Brain, or Lough Foyle. The reign of Flann Cinaidh, whose name means voracious, will be a momentous one for Cork, for during it also will come the broom out of Fanait, in Donegal, which will bring direful woe to the people of Cork.

Giant's Steps leading to Shandon Castle

Dominic Street · street · Kerry

A break-neck flight of about one hundred steps, called the Giant's Steps, once led from a lane on Pope's Quay up to Dominic Street and Shandon Castle. They were removed by a builder named Twiss, and only the rough incline where they stood can now be seen off Dominic Street opposite the Firkin Crane.

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is open and airy now, and is the happy hunting ground where our city bands hunt each other on festive occasions. It led in old times up to Shandon Castle and Lord Barry's countrie, and I have something to tell about it. I remember when I was a child toiling up a break-neck flight of steps that led up to Dominic Street from a lane on Pope's Quay. There was at least one hundred of them, and in old times they led up to Shandon Castle. You may look in vain for the "Giant's Steps," as they were called, for a very minor builder, whose name rhymes with Twiss, removed them for some purpose of his own —
" So the legend runneth, so the old man tells." I knew Twiss myself, and he was not a bit above doing a little job of that kind. Go up to the Firkin Crane, and go down a passage opposite its gate, in Dominic Street, and go through a door which leads to a little terrace, look over the wall inside the door and you will see the rough incline where stood the Giant's Steps, and you will see a very fine view of the south of the city, which was never photographed. By the way, was it the abbey gave its name to the castle, or vice versa ? for shan, " old," and dun, "a fort," makes the name, or where was the old fort itself? We have St. Mary's Shandon (North Cathedral), St. Mary's Shandon (Shandon Steeple), St. Mary's (Pope's Quay), and St. Marie's of the Isle, of which I will tell you later on, as there is nothing more of interest in the north in connection with the map of the Pacata.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 155

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, there was once a breakneck flight of steps called the Giant's Steps, leading from a lane on Pope's Quay up to Dominic Street and Shandon Castle. There were at least one hundred of them. In old times they led up to Shandon Castle and Lord Barry's country. They are gone now. A minor builder named Twiss removed them for some purpose of his own. The writer knew Twiss, and says he was not above doing a little job of that kind. The ground where the steps stood is open and airy now, where the city bands hunt each other on festive occasions. The way to see the rough incline where the Giant's Steps once stood is to go up to the Firkin Crane, and down a passage opposite its gate in Dominic Street, and through a door leading to a little terrace. From the wall inside that door the rough incline can be seen, along with a fine view of the south of the city, which the writer says was never photographed. The writer also asks whether it was the abbey that gave its name to the castle, or the other way round, for shan means old and dun means a fort, making the name. There is St Mary's Shandon, the North Cathedral, St Mary's Shandon, the Shandon Steeple, St Mary's on Pope's Quay, and St Marie's of the Isle, which the writer says he will tell of later, as there is nothing more of interest in the north in connection with the map of the Pacata.

Inchiquin Castle: Geraldine dower house near Youghal

Inchiquin · townland · Cork

Inchiquin Castle, situated about four miles from Youghal on the bank of the river Womenagh, was a Geraldine stronghold often used as a dower house for widows of the Earls of Desmond. Its circular massive walls, thirty feet high and eleven feet thick, made it easily defensible in lawless times when local septs could harry the countryside at will.

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N the province of Munster there exist numerous remains of strongholds which formerly belonged to the haughty barons and knights of the Southern Geraldines, who in the Middle Ages successfully asserted their supremacy over their Xorman and their Irish foes and neighbours. Among these castles, about four miles from Youghal and situated on the bank of the river Womenagh, is the ancient castle of Inchiquin, which was often given as a dower house to widows of the Earls of Desmond, having been erected at an early date by one of the Geraldines who came to Ireland at the invitation of the traitor McMorogh of Leinster/0 Placed on rising ground, the circular and massive walls, thirty feet in height and eleven feet in thickness, must have been easily defended in lawless days, when Roches, Barretts,
(0 Dermot McMorogh's history needs no recapitulation, but there is a curious description of his personal appearance yet extant. He was very tall, and extremely stout in proportion, "a valiant warrior, and by reason of his continual hallowing and crying his voice was hoarse. He rather chose to be feared than loved, was a great oppressor of his nobility, but a great advancer of the weak and meaner sort. To his own people he would be rough and grievous, and hateful to all strangers. He would be against all men, and all mankind against him." — " Memoirs Earls of Desmond," Windele MSS. Royal Irish Academy.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 92

Plot to murder magistrate John Hawkes

Cork · city · Cork · 1797

Daniel Deasy was committed to the County Gaol for conspiring with several others to murder John Hawkes, J.P., an active magistrate associated with the Muskerry Cavalry. The case shows how active magistrates became targets of revolutionists.

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successful ; for on 15th November they escorted into Cork Darby Mahony alias Keane, Cornelius Driscoll, and Timothy Harrington alias " Mock a~dahir," W prisoners charged with being concerned with several others irf that murder. The committing magistrates were Augustus Warren and Samuel Swete. At the same time they arrested in the country another Kean Mahony, alias " Kittoch," (3) for robbing Mr. William Love's house at Sunday's Well. It is not surprising to find that active magistrates were in consequence obnoxious to the revolutionists, and that one Daniel Deasy was committed to the County Gaol for conspiring with several others to murder John Hawkes, J.P., before mentioned. The baronies of Imokilly and Barrymore also were at this period much disturbed, and committees were formed in them for procuring secret information; and on 16th December military waggons, tools and flying artillery guns were despatched from Dublin to the south-west of Munster.
Several baronies and counties in Ireland were proclaimed about this time as disturbed, and early in January, 1798, intelligence reached England of a plan for landing there a very large French army, to be conveyed across the Channel in thirty enormous rafts, each capable of carrying ten thousand men ! Monge, the mathematician, was the inventor of the rafts. The lawlessness of the times was rampant in Muskerry as in other places, and a meeting of the gentlemen of east and west Muskerry and Barretts baronies was held on 2nd February, 1798, at the house of Mr. Walter Wall, at Moviddy, for " considering the propriety of associating to promote public justice and a due execution of the law." Sir Robert Warren, bart, was in the chair, and the following resolution was passed : —

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 121

As the companion tells it

As the road brings you through Cork, this was a city where Daniel Deasy was committed to the County Gaol in 1797 for conspiring with several others to murder John Hawkes, a justice of the peace. Hawkes was an active magistrate, and active magistrates had become obnoxious to the revolutionists. On the 15th of November, a party escorted into Cork three men charged with being concerned with several others in a murder: Darby Mahony, also known as Keane; Cornelius Driscoll; and Timothy Harrington, also known as Mock adahir. The committing magistrates were Augustus Warren and Samuel Swete. At the same time they arrested in the country another man, Kean Mahony, also known as Kittoch, for robbing the house of Mr. William Love at Sunday's Well. The baronies of Imokilly and Barrymore were much disturbed at this period, and committees were formed in them for procuring secret information. On the 16th of December, military waggons, tools, and flying artillery guns were despatched from Dublin to the south-west of Munster. Early in January 1798, intelligence reached England of a plan for landing there a very large French army, to be conveyed across the Channel in thirty enormous rafts, each capable of carrying ten thousand men. Monge, the mathematician, was the inventor of the rafts. The lawlessness was rampant in Muskerry as in other places. A meeting of the gentlemen of east and west Muskerry and Barretts baronies was held on the 2nd of February, 1798, at the house of Mr. Walter Wall, at Moviddy, for, in the words of the source, "considering the propriety of associating to promote public justice and a due execution of the law." Sir Robert Warren, baronet, was in the chair.

Post-battle livestock prices collapse at Lismore

Lismore · town · Waterford · 1642

After the rebels were driven from Lismore and their stolen livestock recovered, the market was flooded with cheap animals. Cows, garrons, and sheep could be bought for a few pence the next day in Lismore.

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[11] My Lord, Sir, being both young and active, thought of a way to fight this dommaneering yet cowarde and fearfull army. The way was this : Hee caused all the Ordnance, Murderers, Harquebusses, MuskeUs, Carbines, and pistolls, that were in the Castle to be shott off at once, and with the same sent them word by a man home [</j> whom] my Lord did most confide in, that the English army was come to the Towne, for we heard they had intercepted the Earle of Corke's letters, which his Lordship sent of the landing at Yoghall of Colonell Lanester. This sudden noyse and thundering shott, did strike such terror into the heartes of those guilty and wicket p.sons, that they presently furdled up Flieht and their coulors and runne away to the Blackwater to take slaughter of boate at Affane, where they came over for the most parte of them. Many runne a contrary way, I believe they never saw their coulors again but this day ; we pursued them with fifty horse or thereabout and killed many of them, and many wee tooke prisoners who had very bad musketts and pikes, the Captayne of the last company that took boate, one Prendergrace escaped us very narrowly hee left his stately mantle behind him and was fayne to trust to his nimble heeles, that commonly proved their best defence. I heartily wish wee had a considerable number of men there for their sakes. Wee took from them two hundred and fifty head of cattle most of them were oxen and cowes of the English breed wee took also six or seven hundred sheepe a great many horses and garrons, all which they had stolen in the country from Prices of Englishmen ; you might the next day have bought in
cattle, horses, Lismore a good cowc for eighteenpence, a garron for fiveetc- pence, and a sheepe for threepence. YYe took likewise [12]

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 174

Prisoner escape legend at Elizabeth Fort

near Elizabeth Fort · street · Cork

A melancholy legend surrounds Elizabeth Fort, where a prisoner once attempted to escape using a rope made from his bedclothes. The rope was too short, and the prisoner fell, was retaken, and later died of his injuries in prison.

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We pass Elizabeth Fort ere we come to St. Dominic's Mill. I was only once in that fort, and then it was to show it to the popular American Consul, General J. J. Piatt. There is a very fine view of the north of the city from the ramparts, and a melancholy legend of some prisoner who made a rope of his bedclothes and tried to escape from that spot. But the rope was too short and he had to drop, and was retaken fearfully injured and died in prison. There was a quaint little headstone in the graveyard of old Sinbarry's which bore this inscription : —

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 156

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Elizabeth Fort, on the ramparts, there's a view of the north of the city, and a melancholy legend. A prisoner here made a rope from his bedclothes and tried to escape from that spot. But the rope was too short. He had to drop, and was retaken fearfully injured. He died in prison.

Ahnambrahcreeny: the little friar's ford

Clashbane · townland · Limerick

The last of the Grey Friars of Ballybrood was killed at a ford between Clashbane and Dromkeen called Ahnambrahcreeny, meaning 'the little friar's ford.'

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At the west side of village, and on right hand side of road to Ballyneety, there is marked in the Ordnance Map a large limestone quarry on the land of Mr. Charles Aherne. On the rock above this quarry there was once a celebrated college, and the field in which the quarry lies is still known as " the college field." Lewis refers to this college, as does also Fitzgerald, but they give no particulars. The quarry is exceedingly rich in fossils ; near it, at opposite side of road, in a rock grave, the skeleton of a man was found about fifty years ago, when the road was lowered. So perfect was this skeleton that Dr. Seward mounted it on wires, and my informant told me that he heard Dr. Seward saying the man to whom these bones belonged must have been seven feet high. In a continuation of this paper, when I come to describe Caherconlish district, I shall refer to some very large bones and skulls which were found in a stone circle. Mr. Aherne told me that when the college field was first tilled the whole surface was found to be strewn with oyster and other shells in a very decayed state. Windele mentions that oyster shells were found amongst the rubbish which was cleared away from the round tower of Cloyne. A small neatly-finished stone hatchet,(8) or celt, now in the possession of Sir Charles Barrington, Glenstal, was a little time ago picked up near the site of the old college. The people say that the friars who served Caherconlish church lived in this college. Who these friars were I cannot say, but they may possibly have been Grey Friars, or Observantine Franciscans, that is, supposing that the people's tradition of friars having been here is correct. In the parish of Ballybrood there is a tradition of there having been Grey Friars, all of whom were slaughtered, of course by Cromwell, who never set foot in Limerickcounty. The last of these friars was killed, it is said, at a ford lying between Clashbane and Dromkeen ; the ford was called Ahnambrahcreeny, " the little friar's ford." For this slaughter, the people say that Ballybrood is still cursed every seven years in Rome, and this may possibly account for Ballybrood not being all that its friends would wish it to be.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 208

Army returns to Lismore with victory and spoils

Lismore · town · Waterford · 1642

After the surrender of the Dungarvan castles, the army returned to Lismore with victory and spoils, burning rebel corn along the march and killing many rebel spies in the countryside. The army quartered at Lismore and at Tallow on Saturday and Sunday nights.

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they could not have stood out long for our shott kept them from water : They that were in the Castle and the other side of the Tovvne had quarter to depart onely with their lives and wearing cloathes. There was great store of pillage taken in the Towne by our souldiers and a good quantity of excellent Spanish Iron which was brought about to Yoghall in Mr. Williams' pinnace, the same day the Castles were yeelded, wee returned to Lismore with victory and spoyle and we burned all the Rebles corne in our march and that was in those partes — killed many of the Rogues that were their spyes in the country.
Six or seven of our troupes, that went foorth in morning as scoutes and to burne some cabines mett with some pillage, the enemy surprized them, and killed two or three of them, Lieur-tennant Poore with eight or nyne troops took a castle three miles from the towne of Dungarvane. He is a very honest gentleman and one that hath mayntayned his Castle of Ballagarren in despite of those bands of the Rebles for Captayne Butler and Captayne Ffennell with three or four other Captaynes beseiged him at once beside the country people.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 175

Arrests at Glenflesk wood after Hutchinson murder

near Glenflesk · population centre · Kerry · 1798

The Muskerry Cavalry arrested sixteen men in or near the wood of Glenflesk, charged with abetting the murder of Mr. Hutchinson. They were tried before commissioners William Crooke and Francis Johnson, convicted, and sentenced to transportation for life.

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universal belief was that he had been stabbed, doubt was thrown on Duggan's veracity ; but he asked that the body be exhumed. This request was complied with, and the body was examined by Dr. Ronayne, of Cork, and a surgeon of the Louth militia, who found that Mr. Hutchinson had been shot through the heart, which had been nearly blown to pieces, not more than one-eight part remaining. Several pellets of duckshot were extracted. Thus Duggan's account was confirmed. Several convictions and more arrests followed. On the ioth May John Duggan (son of Malachi) alias " Captain Thunderbolt," Timothy MacCarthy, and Owen Scanlan were convicted of the murder before the general courtmartial, and on the 13th two others ; and on the 14th all five were hung at Macroom, and their heads set up on spikes on the bridewell, where they remained till well within the memory of persons still living. The trial of these men brought out clearly the exterminating system of the United Irishmen ; they believed they were to " free " their country by desolating it and murdering every one of property and loyalty. Reen, Mr. Hutchinson's own servant, was also tried on the 13th and afterwards convicted, and with another was hung at Macroom on 3rd June, their heads also being set up. On the 7th July the Muskerry Cavalry brought in three more men arrested in the neighbourhood of Macroom, and sixteen others in the wood of Glenflesk or near it, charged with abetting the murder. Two of these, Charles and Owen MacCarthy, brothers, were convicted and hanged as above, at Macroom, on the ioth of July ; and on the 8th the sixteen men taken at Glenflesk were tried before William Crooke and Francis Johnson, two justices appointed as commission for trying malefactors, and were convicted of aiding in this and other outrages and sentenced to transportation for life. Such were the consequences of this useless and inhuman murder of a gentleman who is described as sincere as a friend, kind as a neighbour, charitable and forbearing as a landlord, and benevolent and lenient as a magistrate.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 123

Barony of Kerrycurrihy settled on Maurice Duff

Kerrycurrihy · barony · Cork · 1542

After the eldest brother of Maurice Duff (the 'Black Geraldine') acquired the sequestrated earldom from Henry VIII, he prudently settled the barony of Kerrycurrihy upon Maurice Duff 'so that he might not want bread,' while refusing all intercourse with him due to his savage temper.

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The Lady Katherine, his widow, now entered upon her jointure of Inchiquin Castle,(l2) which was destined to be her property for the extraordinary term of seventy years. Here also she resided, no longer we hope permitting wayfarers " to dangle in halter" from her walls, but performing whatever charitable deeds that came in her way, spending much of her time at her spinning-wheel, and superintending her maids at their household work, as was customary among noble ladies. In 1542 she must have been alarmed by the news of the murder in ambush of the " Court Page" Earl of Desmond, her husband's grandson, whose right to the title, on the usual ground of the illegality of his father's marriage to a cousin, had been disputed by the sons of his granduncle, John, the last surviving brother-in-law of the Old Countess. The cruel murder of the young earl was the deed of Sir Maurice Duff, or the " Black Geraldine " (so called from his swarthy complexion), whose ambitious and savage temper was so detested by his own family that when his eldest brother acquired the sequestrated earldom from Henry VIII., he prudently settled the barony of Kerrycurrihy upon Maurice Duff, " so that he might not want bread;" and he also refused steadily all intercourse, which appears to have wounded the little brotherly feeling existing in the breast of Maurice, who considered that a very poor return had been made to him for his effort to aggrandize his branch of the family. Being " a man without faith or truth, cruel, severe, and merciless,"
(10) State Papers for Ireland.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 95

Battle of Glenmalure: Fiach O'Byrne defeats the viceroy

near Glenmalur · valley · Wicklow

Fiach O'Byrne and Viscount Eustace fought a memorable battle at Glenmalure Wood, defeating Gray, the English viceroy of Ireland. They killed eight hundred soldiers, including Francis Cosby, the governor of Leix, described as a cruel butcher of Catholics.

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The Earl of Kildare, who could have taken up arms, took the matter easily, submitted himself to the judgment of the English, by whom he was thrown into chains, and after a short time he died in prison. The viscount and Fiach with some associates endeavoured to save their lives and liberty with their swords. They fought a memorable battle at Maluria Wood {Glenmalure), where they defeated Gray, an Englishman, the viceroy of Ireland. They killed eight hundred soldiers, and amongst

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 302

Belfast as a centre of republican feeling

near Belfast · city · Antrim

Influenced by the French Revolution, Belfast became a major centre of republican and Jacobin sentiments in the late 18th century. This was largely driven by the city's northern Presbyterians and dissenters.

Read the passage

While Ireland was in this miserable condition the news of the great French Revolution arrived. But the class at first most influenced thereby was the northern Presbyterians and dissenters, republican by their origin ; and Belfast became one of the great centres of republican and Jacobin feelings, together with Dublin where the free-thinking elements of society were chiefly to be found. The Catholics, at the same time, showed signs of disunion among themselves ; those higher in the social scale were not averse to the English connection, but sought for the alleviation of their disabilities by parliamentary reform, and entrusted their interests to the care of a central committee in Dublin. Pitt himself was favourable to their claims ; and something like friendly relations existed between the English government and the bishops and the more educated portion of the Catholics. Their church in general stood true to its habitual opposition to atheism and disorder — a spirit which explains such acts as the address of seven Roman Catholic bishops of Munster, in June, 1798, to their clergy, who were therein called on to warn their flocks of the " calamities both temporal and eternal which they were likely to bring on themselves by unlawful oaths and associations." The lower orders of Catholics on the other hand were waging a lawless war in the south and in the north. There was also a third party in the unhappy country, consisting of nominal dissenters in the north, freethinkers in Dublin and elsewhere, who sought aid from France to destroy the English connection.
The two parties last mentioned were the most dangerous to the Government, but they were weak as long as they remained separate ; and Wolfe Tone, with others like him, seeing this, managed to bring them together, and thus founded the great party of the "United Irishmen." Pitt conscientiously compelled the Irish Parliament to carry out his measures for the relief of the Roman Catholics ; but the concessions came too late, and the Catholic demands were increased ; and, owing to their belief that intimidation would be effective to secure their ends, riots and

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 117

Brigantes held Wicklow and Wexford

Wexford · town · Wexford · 100–200

Ptolemy's map places the powerful tribe of Brigantes in the district now covering Wicklow and Wexford, and the river Barrow may be named from them, as Ptolemy calls it Birgos.

Read the passage

The name of the Firbolgs is inseparably linked with these magnificent stone fortresses placed along our western sea board, variously called cathairs, duns, cashils, etc., and their position in the west seems to imply that the)' were erected by a race beaten in the east, and who built these gigantic despairing efforts, such as Dun /Enghuis in Aranmore, to protect themselves from the more powerful victorious tribes who had come to Ireland, most likely from Britain/ ;) In Ptolemy's map of Ireland it will be seen that the powerful tribe of Brigantes from north England possessed the district now included under Wicklow and Wexford, and it is most likely also that the river Barrow is named from the Brigantes, as Ptolemy calls it Birgos. The legendary account of the Firbolgs is very curious. To take the lowest date, for authorities differ, they are represented as landing in Ireland something over 1300 years B.C. They only possessed Ireland thirty-six years when they were conquered by the Tuatha de Danann, who came from Scandinavia. Those of the Firbolgs who escaped from the battle of Moytura South, near Cong, are represented as embarking from the coasts of Eohuillc, near Sligo, and sailing to the islands of Aran, Rachlin, Isla, Mann, Hebrides, etc. Twentyseven years afterwards was fought the battle of Moytura North, between the Tuatha de Danann and the Fomorians, in which was slain the great de Danann king, Nuada Airgid-lamh, or " of the silver hand," by Balor " of the stiff blows." The Four Masters give the date of this battle as A.M. 3330. Nothing, I think, shows more plainly the wide margin of years of which we may avail ourselves with respect to these legendary events than the fact that the writer of the article on Ireland in the Encyclopedia- Britannica, who, I think, was the late president of Queen's College, Cork, Dr. Sullivan, is inclined to identify the Fomorians with the Romans. Sir William Wilde, in LougJi Corrib, gives it as his opinion that it was after the battle of Moytura South those grand forts in Aran were erected by the Firbolgs ; and Dr. Todd also falls into the same error when he states that the Irish traditions derive the name of Magh Adhair, count}- Clare, from Adhar, son of Umor, a chieftain of the Firbolgs, who, he says, settled in the present counties of Clare and Galway before the

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 183

As the companion tells it

As you come through Wexford, you are in the district that Ptolemy's map of Ireland assigns to the Brigantes, a powerful tribe from north England. The river Barrow may take its name from them, as Ptolemy calls it Birgos. The passage links the name of the Firbolgs to the great stone fortresses along the western seaboard, the cathairs, duns, and cashils. Their position in the west seems to imply they were built by a race beaten in the east, raising gigantic, desperate works like Dun Aenghus in Aranmore to protect themselves from more powerful tribes who had come to Ireland, most likely from Britain. The legendary account says the Firbolgs landed in Ireland something over 1300 years B.C. They held Ireland for only 36 years before the Tuatha de Danann, who came from Scandinavia, conquered them. Those who escaped the battle of Moytura South, near Cong, set out from the coast of Eohuillc, near Sligo, and sailed to Aran, Rathlin, Isla, Mann, the Hebrides and other islands. 27 years later came the battle of Moytura North, between the Tuatha de Danann and the Fomorians. In that fight the great de Danann king Nuada Airgid-lamh, of the silver hand, was slain by Balor of the stiff blows. The Four Masters date this battle as A.M. 3330. The writer notes that Dr. Sullivan, late president of Queen's College Cork, was inclined to identify the Fomorians with the Romans. Sir William Wilde, in his book on Lough Corrib, held that the grand forts in Aran were built after the battle of Moytura South by the Firbolgs. Dr. Todd also held that Irish traditions derive the name of Magh Adhair, county Clare, from Adhar, son of Umor, a chieftain of the Firbolgs who settled in the present counties of Clare and Galway.

Cloghleigh Castle – principal stronghold of the Lord of Condons

Cloghleigh · townland · Tipperary

Cloghleigh Castle, near Kilworth, stood on a limestone rock fifty feet above the river Funcheon and served as the principal stronghold of the Lord of Condons. The rectangular keep survived several sieges and was restored by Viscount Kilworth, who repaired breaches, renewed floors, roofed the castle, and glazed windows. A subterranean passage led from the basement chamber to the river.

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The Castle of Cloghleigh was his principal stronghold, standing on a limestone rock fifty feet above the Puncheon, near the village of Kil\v< irth, Externally the keep is a rectangular tower forty feet by thirty-four, sixty feet to the top of the southern parapet, sixty-four feet to the top of the eastern bastion, and seventy-two feet to the battlements of the northern watch-tower. The angles of the castle are rounded like Loghort ( astle, the batter is about eight feet, the building is of the late Norman pattern ;
(=) Keating, page 264.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 295

Companies march to Youghal; townspeople transported from the kingdom

Youghal · town · Cork

The Earl of Barrimore and Lord Broghill's companies marched towards the port town of Youghal, saving cattle and relieving the town. Many people were transported from the kingdom, described as an act of charity by the Earl.

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The Earl of Barrimore with his troupe, my Lord of BroghiU's troupe and the remaynder of the foote companyes marched towards the port towne of Yoghall and did save at Mallow, for Mr. William Dam; and for the English in those partes, what cattle we could, and brought them with us to the Earl of Barrimore's Castle, at Castle Lyons, The next day the companyes that marched to Voughall drove them there, and relieved the Towne beside. Many of them were transported from this kingdom which I conceive to be an act of Charity in the said Earle ami ought highly to be commended.
My Lords troupe marched home to Lismorc, within four or five days

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 172

Disputed weighmaster court at Clonakilty, 1724

Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1724

A disputed corporation court was held at six o'clock in the morning in the borough of Clonakilty, where Sovereign Har. Freke swore James Spiller as weighmaster despite protests from burgesses who deemed the court illegal. A subsequent court on 29 April 1724, following Sir Richard Cox's opinion for a new election, swore Francis Hanglin as weighmaster and Robert Hanglin as deputy weighmaster.

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We, the undernamed burgesses of the burrough of Cloughnakilty, having read the foregoing protest, are persuaded of the ilegality of the suffrain's proceedings this day in a pretended court held by the sd. suffrain in sd burrough at six o'clock this morning, and we do hereby protest against the said pretended court as being unlawful], in testimony whereof we have hereunto put our hands this twenty-second day of April, 1724.
Emanuel Moore, John Birde,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 84

As the companion tells it

Clonakilty saw a disputed corporation court in 1724. On 22 April, burgesses protested a court held at 6 o'clock in the morning by Sovereign Freke, who swore James Spiller as weighmaster. They called it a "pretended court" and deemed it unlawful. Following Sir Richard Cox's opinion for a new election, a subsequent court on 29 April 1724 swore Francis Hanglin as weighmaster and Robert Hanglin as deputy weighmaster.

Domestic life in Blarney Castle's keep

near Blarney · townland · Cork

The section describes the principal rooms of Blarney Castle's keep, including the guardroom, store room, drawing-room, and banqueting-hall. The MacCarthy family and guests entertained themselves with music, dancing, and political discussion in Irish, while servants slept on rush-strewn floors and the household followed medieval dining customs.

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Perhaps I ought also to say something about the uses of the principal rooms in the main portion of the keep, and a few words with reference to the roof and the parapet. The room to the left of the entrance door of the keep was the guardroom. The chamber opposite the entrance door was the store room. The large chamber i now floorless) immediately above the store room was probably divided by timber partitions seven or eight feet high into sleeping places for the young gentlemen of the family and for honoured guests. I must say it would be a great improvement if the built-up windows of this now very gloomy hall were opened. The fine stone-floored apartment above this was the drawing-room ; here the MacCarthy, his family, and his guests spent most of their time when indoors ; here the)- played the harp and lute, and danced and sang, and here the younger people made love, and the elders talked over the politics of the day — the politics of four hundred years ago ; and in winter here the)- all gathered round the mighty hearth filled with blazing logs, and discussed (in Irish) such items of news as the discover)- of a new world by a man named Columbus. The floor was strewn with rushes, and on it doubtless man)- a night when the gentlefolks had retired to their sleeping rooms the maid-servants spread their humble pallets and slept — often more comfortably than their betters did in the less airy bedrooms. Above the drawing-room was the banqueting-hall (now floorless and roofless;. This was a splendid room, made lofty by the rise of the massive oaken roof. Here the Lord of Muskerry, his family, his guests, and his retainers all sat down together at one table, and eat and drank and made merry, the gentry being placed above that is at the master's side of) the principal salt cellar, which was generally about the size of a quart measure, and the servants and their friends sitting below it. The plates and dishes were all either pewter or timber, and, with the exception of a couple of large carvers, there were no forks ; glasses were unknown, except as curiosities, silver cups, and pewter, horn, wooden, and leather goblets being the drinking vessels of those days. The floor of this room also was strewn with rushes, and on it at night, wrapped in blankets or their cloaks, the men-servants slept the sleep of the weary. For the first hundred years or thereabouts of its existence there were probably not more than three or four chairs in the castle — one or two in the banquetinghall, and one or two in the drawing-room; all the other movable - were either stools or forms. Indeed in the fifteenth century there was but little furniture of any kind even in the grandest residences. The roof was covered with either tiles or lead, most like!)' the latter ; slates, I believe,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 201

Execution at Gallows Green, Garryowen

near Garryowen · population centre · Limerick · 1607

A captured fugitive was hanged at Gallows Green, Garryowen, in 1607. Linehan mentions that Sarsfield's wife was granddaughter to the executed man, John Burke.

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disguise of a priest, being permitted to pass unchallenged through the English lines, but was captured at Carrick-on-Suir and brought back to Limerick and hanged on Gallows Green, Garryowen, 1607. Linehan mentions that Sarsfield's wife was granddaughter to John Burke. John Burke's cousin, Theobald Burke of Castleconnel, got his lands — seven and a half ploughlands — and was made Baron Burke of Brittas in 161 8. In the battle of Liscarroll, September 3rd, 1642, between the English under Lord Inchiquin and the Irish under General Barry, Lord Brittas served under the latter. The Brittas property was confiscated by Cromwell, and the second son of Lord Brittas, Colonel Burke, was hung by Cromwell in Cork in 1653. Lord Brittas was restored to his property by Charles II. in 1666, but the estate was again lost under James II., as Theobald, Lord Brittas, and his son John, both of Ballymoney, county Limerick, were attainted in 1696. The lands of Brittas were purchased in 1703 by Thomas Stepney, the Grange, Portmarnock, county Dublin. Towards the close of last century the lands (j) came
Who sings, " Lady love, lady love, come to me now, Come and live merrily under the bough ;

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 256

As the companion tells it

As the road passes through Garryowen, on the edge of Limerick, you are near Gallows Green. In 1607 a fugitive who disguised himself as a priest passed unchallenged through the English lines. He was captured at Carrick-on-Suir, brought back to Limerick, and hanged there. The man's name was John Burke. Linehan notes that Sarsfield's wife was his granddaughter. John Burke's cousin, Theobald Burke of Castleconnel, took his lands, seven and a half ploughlands, and was made Baron Burke of Brittas. In the battle of Liscarroll on September 3rd, 1642, between the English under Lord Inchiquin and the Irish under General Barry, Lord Brittas served under Barry. The Brittas property was confiscated by Cromwell. The second son of Lord Brittas, Colonel Burke, was hung by Cromwell in Cork in 1653. Lord Brittas was restored to his property by Charles II in 1666, but the estate was again lost under James II. Theobald, Lord Brittas, and his son John, both of Ballymoney, county Limerick, were attainted in 1696. The lands of Brittas were purchased in 1703 by Thomas Stepney, the Grange, Portmarnock, county Dublin.

Fenians attack Ardagli barracks repelled by Constable Forsythe

Ardagh · town · Limerick · 1867

Constable George Forsythe, in command at Ardagli, defended the barracks when an armed body of Fenians attacked, fired into the barracks, and broke open the door. The constabulary returned fire, wounded one assailant, and compelled the whole to fly.

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6. Constable George Forsythe. In command at Ardagli, when an armed body of Fenians attacked and fired into the barracks and broke open the door, the constabulary within returned the fire, wounded one of the assailants, and compelled the whole to fly. A chevron.
7. Constable Patrick Derwan. In command at Kmly, when the constabulary resisted a large party of armed insurgents, who fired into the barrack and threatened to burn it if not surrendered. A chevron.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 154

Folk traditions of two great battles near Lough Gur

near Lough Gur · lake or lakes · Limerick

The people of Lough Gur preserve traditions of two great battles: one fought in Bloody Hollow, north of Knocktinnell, and the other near the stone circles south of Knocksentry.

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The people of Lough Gur have traditions of two great battles ; the one was fought in Bloody Hollow, a little distance north of Knocktinnell, and the other was fought near the stone circles to the south of Knocksentry. The people also relate that in the days of Sarsfield, a farmer, named Rody Camden, was admitted into Tir na n-og by Terren Glas, the gatekeeper of Lough Gur entrance. Rody held converse with Gearoidh Iarla, the Fians of Erinn, and Cuchullainn. One thing which particularly struck him, and which he related to his friends afterwards at Lough Gur, was that the Fians of Erinn had nothing stronger to drink than metheglitt ("mead"). In another story I heard, Sarsfield, Galloping O'Hogan, and Tibbott Burke of Caherconlish, are captured at Lough Gur by an English leader named Gideon Grimes, and confined in the Green Knight's apartment at Lough Gur, from which they are rescued by a nephew of
142 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCH/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 89

Fossil shells in Caherconlish limestone quarries

Caherconlish · town · Limerick

Limestone quarries near Caherconlish yield fossil shells and plants, evidence that the ocean once covered the great plain between Limerick and the Sliabh Phelim mountains. Local quarrymen marvel at these discoveries.

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Over this plain ages ago there flowed the ocean "wide and wild," for in the vicinity of Caherconlish there are certain lime stone quarries from which the quarrymen, to their great wonder and amazement, now and then disentomb certain stone shells, whose denizens once sported in the " briny deep."
Some of these fossil shells and plants have been occasionally handed to me for inspection, but I fear that the echoes of that geological lore which I once acquired in college, do not receive very much credence from the finders. Throughout this plain are scattered boulders of various kinds, some of very great weight. These I was taught to consider, in the days of my simplicity, were due to the action of icebergs, which once, geologists would have us believe, untold ages ago in the great Ice Age, dragged themselves slowly along over Erinn, levelling her lofty mountains, scooping out her deep valleys, and playfully snatching from her jagged crags large masses of rock, carried them whither they would ; but I am wiser now, as I have been taught by our canny old folk to consider these scattered boulders simply as the casting or strength stones of the giants of olden time. Some little time ago. when conversing about these boulders with an old Scanachaidh, he directed my attention to the hill of Ard Gort, or High Park, a couple of miles to the west of Caherconlish, which he said was a very queer place, and so I thought it, too, when I visited it. Here are some hundreds of boulders

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 181

French landing at Killala and surrender at Ballinamuck

Killala · town · Mayo · 1798

A small French force landed at Killala Bay in August 1798, but shortly surrendered to Lord Cornwallis's forces after a battle at Ballinamuck. This brief event briefly disturbed the returning tranquillity in Ireland.

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houses, and called on all to deilver up their arms ; and on the 8th June General Myers, having occupied with troops all the exits from the city, caused a search to be made from house to house for arms, but did not find many concealed. Soon after came the news of the defeat of the rebels at Vinegar Hill ; and seven Roman Catholic bishops of Munster sent an address to their clergy calling for their " utmost endeavours against this baneful contagion." The yeomanry were not idle in the country ; the Muskerry corps brought from Blarney, and the Bandon corps from Bantry, persons charged with administering unlawful oaths and other treasons. On the 29th June, Government issued a proclamation offering pardon to all rebels in arms who should surrender within fourteen days. At Skibbereen eleven privates of the YYestmeath Militia were arrested and escorted to Cork by yeomanry, where they were afterwards tried on the charge of being United Irishmen, and conspiring to murder their officers and join the country people to pillage and burn Skibbereen. Some comrades turned informers, and all but two were found guilty ; four were shot, four were ordered to serve abroad, and one received a thousand lashes. Fights still continued at various places between the troops and detached bodies of the rebels, but the rebellion had now practically been suppressed. In July Lord Cornwallis became lord lieutenant, and received an address from Roman Catholic gentlemen among others, offering their best exertions to stay the insurrection. Signs of returning tranquillity became more manifest, state trials for past offences being the only reminders, till the quiet was disturbed in August by the sudden landing of a small French force at Killala bay, but they shortly surrendered to a force under Lord Cornwallis after a battle at a place called Ballinamuck (Pigs-town). The forces of the Crown at this time in Ireland were — Ten regiments of cavalry, fifteen of foot, twelve "1 fencible cavalry, and thirty of fenciblc infantry, two of English, ami thirty-seven of Irish militia, besides nearly two hundred corps of volunteers, cavalry and infantry. On the 6th October the royal assent was given to an Act for a free pardon, on conditions, to the misguided men who had engaged in a profitless rebellion.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 123

As the companion tells it

As you come through Killala in Mayo, this town sits on a bay where a small French force came ashore in August 1798. By that summer the rebellion had been practically suppressed. Lord Cornwallis had become lord lieutenant in July, and signs of returning tranquillity were growing more manifest. State trials for past offences were the only reminders of the trouble, until the quiet was disturbed by the sudden landing at Killala bay. The French did not stay long. They shortly surrendered to a force under Lord Cornwallis after a battle at a place called Ballinamuck, or Pigs-town. Before this, the rebellion had been winding down. News of the defeat of the rebels at Vinegar Hill had spread. Seven Roman Catholic bishops of Munster sent an address to their clergy calling for their "utmost endeavours against this baneful contagion." On the 29th of June, Government offered pardon to all rebels in arms who should surrender within fourteen days. The yeomanry were active in the country, bringing persons charged with administering unlawful oaths and other treasons. The Crown forces in Ireland at this time were enormous: ten regiments of cavalry, fifteen of foot, twelve fencible cavalry, and thirty of fencible infantry, two of English and thirty-seven of Irish militia, besides nearly two hundred corps of volunteers, cavalry and infantry. On the 6th of October, the royal assent was given to an Act for a free pardon, on conditions, to the men who had engaged in the rebellion.

Golden sword buried with giant in Lough Gur dolmen

near Lough Gur · lake or lakes · Limerick

Local tradition holds that a golden sword is buried with a giant in one of the dolmens near Lough Gur. The nearby fort Dun Fir Aen Cholca, meaning 'the fort of the man of the one sword,' connects the placename to the legend.

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The people have a tradition that in one of the dolmens near the lake there is buried a golden sword with the giant. Very curiously, Dun Fir Aen Cholca, of which I made mention in the Journal for last month, means "the fort of the man of the one sword." Cole is a short sword or dirk. I think the substantive is not now much used in the spoken language, but the adjective derived from it is used in a variety of ways ; for instance, to denote a boiling, roaring, troubled sea, or a very peevish, easily-angered, touchy person.
The constant tradition of a castle at the bottom of Lough Gur probably took its rise, as many other like tales, from a tradition of the crannog dwellings. The old native term for crannog is now lost, but Mr. O'Beirne Crowe suggests that it might be " sceng," which he connects with the Sanscrit "skand" and Latin "scandere." O'Donovan, in Book of Rights, usually takes sceng to mean part of the trappings of a horse, but there is one passage where this meaning is not applicable, -cejc l*c;r)5J pop. \'C)hye-\"U no\)"CA, " ten scings against which the waves move." J. F. Lynch.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 53

Henry Rugg's contested election at Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1715–1719

Henry Rugg appeared before the House of Commons in 1715 on behalf of Youghal corporation regarding irregular admission of fifty-five unqualified persons to the freedom of the town. He contested the representation of Youghal with Sir John Osborne, winning 88 votes to 60.

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Was a barrister-at-law; deputy-recorder, Youghal, 1700; recorder, 1715, from which office he was removed in 1724, because " he hath greatly dis-served the corporation, and entered into measures destructive of their ancient liberties and the duty of his office" — and Hugh Dixon (y.v.) was appointed in his stead. A member of the common council, 171 1. He appeared before the House of Commons in 17 15 on behalf of the corporation, in regard to the admission, irregularly, to the freedom of the town of fifty-five unqualified persons in the previous October. Contested the representation of the town with Sir John Osborne, the voting being — Rugg, 88 ; Osborne, 60.
He married 26th December, 1708, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Jasper Lucas, merchant, of Youghal, by Jane Hayman, and had issue three daughters, co-heiresses. (For a description of Ballydaniel, his residence, see Smith, vol. i. p. 86).

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 131

Hollymount village burnt by king's army

Hollymount · street · Cork

The narrator and his rebel captors stopped at the village of Hollymount to seek refreshments. The village had previously been burnt by the king's army, leaving a scene of utter desolation compared to a deserted village.

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For the purpose of obtaining refreshments, of which we now stood much in need, we stopped at a village called Hollymount, which had been previously burnt by the king's army ; there indeed was a scene of desolation. Goldsmith's " Deserted Village" would have been nothing compared to it.
We entered a cabin without a roof; there was a great turf tire immediately made, at which the prisoners had the most comfortable places.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 250

Holy well and rath at the Paps, Kilcummin

Kilcummin · parish · Kerry

A holy well and penitential station lie at the foot of the Paps mountains in Kilcummin parish, barony of Magunihy, Kerry, near an ancient fort or rath. The well, known as 'the City Well,' is the site of a large patron held each May Day, resorted to by numbers of the peasantry.

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(2) This holy well and "Penitential Station," which are in the parish of Kilcummin, barony of Magunihy, county Kerry, are thus alluded to by Lewis: — "On the southern confines of the parish are two remarkable mountains, which, from their peculiar shape, are called "the Paps," forming striking features in the mountain scenery on the road from Killarney to Cork. At their base is an ancient fort or rath, near which is a holy well resorted to by numbers of the peasantry on May Day." — Lewis' Topographical Dictionary of Ireland, vol. ii. p. 78.
31 8 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 187

Inquisition at Mallow regarding Spenser lands, 1611

Mallow · town · Cork · 1611

An inquisition held at Mallow in August 1611 at the suit of Sylvanus Spenser found that Nicholas Shyname had evicted from Edmund Spenser's seigniory of Kilcolman the ploughlands of Ballyellish, Ardgilbert, and Ardadame, comprising about 600 acres, with a rent abatement granted.

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From an inquisition held at Mallow, August 7, 161 1, at the suit of Sylvanus Spenser, we learn that — "The said jurors doe finde and present that the part or portion of a seigniory granted by these patents from the late Oueene Elizabeth unto Edmond Spenser, late of Kilcolmayn, in the countie of Corke, esquire, after his death descended unto Sylvanus Spenser, his son and heire ;" and they add— " The said jurors doe finde that the two ploughlandes called Ballyellish, Ardgilbert, and Ardadame, containing vi. c. (600) acres of land, or thereabouts, part of the seignior)- of Kilcolemaine, were evicted by Nicholas Shyname from the said Edmond Spenser, before Sr. Thomas Norreis, knight, Sr. R. Gardener, knight, and other Commissioners from Province of Munster. And that upon the said order and abatement of the rent hath been given to Sylvanus Spenser, viz., £vi. vis. viiid."(;£6 6s. 8d.) — Journal, first series, vol. iii., p. 97.
The Synans of Donaraile appear to have been completely robbed of their patrimony at the date of the compilation of the Book of Distributions, for in the annexed " certified copy of portions of a record in the Public Record Office of Ireland, entitled Booke of Survey and Distribution, county Cork (Custom House collection)," there is no trace of an)- of the name.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 305

John Philpott Curran's birthplace in Newmarket

Newmarket · town · Cork

John Philpott Curran, the famous orator and abbot of the 'Monks of the Screw,' was born in a house on or near the site of the present courthouse of Newmarket.

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The third castle was near Priory, where the " Monks of the Screw" oft sported under their genial abbot, John Philpott Curran. This was Carrigacashel. Curran was born in a house on or near the site of the present courthouse of Newmarket. The handsome Celtic cross placed over the grave of his daughter, Sarah, in Newmarket churchyard, was due to the initiation of Bishop John Gregg, who headed the subscription list which Miss Aldworth opened at his request. O'Donovan, in one of his notes to O'Heerin's Topographical Poem, gives an account of an interview he had with the weighmaster of Kenmare, who claimed to be the last representative of the chiefs of Clan Mac Auliff. I have a distinct recollection of hearing a tradition that the last Mac Auliff died very many years ago near Newmarket in poor circumstances. The Mac Auliffs were a fighting race, and of Danish origin, as the name means " the sons of Amhlaibh, Amlaf, Olaf, or Aulaf," many chiefs of which name ruled over the Danes of Limerick. In the year 1535 Mac Auliff defeated with great slaughter FitzGerald, the Lord of Clenlish. Early in the seventeenth century Sir Richard Aldworth received a grant of a large portion of Mac Auliffs territory.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 192

Kanturk Castle mortgaged to Sir Philip Perceval after 1641

Kanturk · town · Cork · 1641–1650

After Donough McCarthy was killed during the 1641 rebellion, his kinsman Dermod MacOwen McCarthy seized the estate and mortgaged the castle and lands of Kanturk to Sir Philip Perceval, who obtained full possession when the property was forfeited.

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During the rebellion of 1641, it is said, Donough McCarthy was killed by O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, and that his estate was seized by his kinsman Dermod MacOwen McCarthy, who mortgaged the castle and land of Kanturk to Sir Philip Perceval, and this Englishman in turn obtained full possession at the time when the property was forfeited by Dermod McCarthy for his participation in the rebellion.
However, there is another much more curious tradition respecting the death of Donough McCarthy, who was a rough and most tyrannical man, hated alike by his English and Irish neighbours. His stepbrother McAuliffe, the seer, besides foretelling the fate of the castle, had also predicted that some day McCarthy would be shot dead, which was rather a safe prophecy at a period when few, except monks and women, died peaceably in their beds " after the victory of penance and unction," according to the quaint phraseology of the old annalists.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 152

Killenmeaky takes Kilbrittain Castle and other strongholds

near Kilbrittain · street · Cork · 1642

The Lord of Killenmeaky performed great service in west Cork and around Bandonbridge, taking Kilbrittain Castle (MacCarthy Reagh's chief castle), the castle of Pobal Uachtar, and divers other strong houses, plundering the countryside.

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The Lord of Killenmeaky hath don very great service of late in the west partes of the County of Corke, and about the Towne of Bandonbridge, took the castle of Kilbrittayne, McCartee Reaughes chiefe castle the castle of Pollalong and divers others strong houses, and plundered the cuntrey:
I know you cannot but have a true relation of it being here, and many in the citty which went with his Lordship in the said service in taking of the Short Castle of Mallow. Mungarrett lost seven score of his men and there were not above 9 shott defended the said castle. They kept it so stoutly that after the enemy had made a breech or two they gave them quarter which was p.formed accordingly by the Lord Mungarrett, contrarie to the Lord Roche's minde, as I have byn informed, how ever it was I am assured there was a great falling out betweene the two Lords, and many of the Lord Roche's men killed in the broyle. Twenty men killed and hurted of his Lordships at the least, as the souldiers reported that were there, and to end the difference they burnt a great part of the spoyle which was in the said Short Castle.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 177

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Kilbrittain, in 1642, the Lord of Killenmeaky did very great service in the west parts of County Cork and about the town of Bandonbridge. He took the castle of Kilbrittain, MacCarthy Reagh's chief castle, the castle of Pollalong and divers other strong houses, and plundered the countryside. Many in the city went with his Lordship in the said service in taking of the Short Castle of Mallow. Mungarrett lost seven score of his men, and there were not above 9 shot defended the said castle. They kept it so stoutly that after the enemy had made a breach or two, they gave them quarter, which was performed accordingly by the Lord Mungarrett, contrary to the Lord Roche's mind. There was a great falling out between the two Lords, and many of the Lord Roche's men killed in the broil. Twenty men killed and hurt of his Lordship's at the least. To end the difference they burnt a great part of the spoil which was in the said Short Castle.

Knockroe stone circle destroyed in 1829 for Emancipation turret

Knockroe · townland · Limerick · 1829

The stone circle on the summit of Knockroe was almost destroyed in 1829 by the land proprietor, who erected a turret on its site to commemorate Catholic Emancipation. The turret fell to the ground the following spring.

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Iaudden. — Mr. Lynch promises " some interesting items about this parish." I would draw attention to a line of pillar-stones known in this locality as ligautis, only four of which remain in situ, between the stone circle on the summit of Knockroe (six hundred feet high) in that parish, and the chief circle of Lough Gur, four miles and a quarter distant. The first stone on the top of Knockroe is called Bouchaill-brege ; the second, close to the ancient road from Limerick to Cork, called Boherligaun, is one mile from Bouchaill-brege ; the third called Cloghligaun, also close to the road, is a quarter of a mile from number two, and number four is ninety perches from number three. They are all conglomerate, a stone not common in this district. A straight line from number one and two will cross the Camoge River at a ford near the ancient friary, called Ballinabratherbeg, and will strike the large stone circle at Lough Gur. A line from number one and three and four will also cross the river near the ford, and will strike the large pillar-stone at paddock hill (see Journal, July, 1895). I may add that the stone circle on the summit of Knockroe was almost destroyed in the year 1829 by the proprietor of the lands, who erected a turret almost on its site to commemorate Catholic Emancipation, which fell to the ground last spring. In the excavations made at that time a quantity of human bones of au unusually large size were unearthed near the pillar-stone known as Bouchaill-brege, i.e., "the lying or deceptive boy," as this stone presents the appearance of a man from a distance. Some thirty years ago an old man informed me that "in the ould ancient times two giants lived in the neighbourhood ; one had his stronghold at Lough Gur and the other at Knockroe, and having a bit of a falling out began to pelt stones at one another, and sure the ligauns are there to this day. They kilt one another in the long run, and one is buried under the Bouchaill-brege and the other at Lough Gur." As Grange Hill, some five hundred feet high, intervenes between the stone circles at Lough Gur and on the summit of Knockroe,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 259

Laimh Lacteen—brazen hand of St. Lacteen

Donaghmore · townland · Cork

St. Lacteen, patron saint of Donoughmore parish, gave his name to the famous Laimh Lacteen or 'brazen hand of Lacteen,' well known to antiquaries and believed to have been purchased by the government for the Dublin Museum. 'Laimh Lacteen' was a common exclamation in the parish.

Read the passage

Between this and Stuake there is the site of what was St. Lacteen's Well. It is now dry, but has the usual thorn bushes at it. They attribute the removal of the well to its desecration by a woman who washed her soiled clothes in it. This is like the story in Pausanias of a well near T.enarus in the Peloponnesus, in which could be seen all ships that passed in the Mediterranean, until a woman washed a garment in it, after which it lost the faculty of showing what was taking place far off at sea. St. Lacteen was the patron saint of this parish, from whom was derived the famous Laimh Lacteen or "brazen hand of Lacteen," which is well known to antiquaries, and I believe was purchased by the government for the Dublin Museum, where I suppose it now is. I have heard that Laimh Lacteen is, or was, a common exclamation in this parish.
384 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 222

Lonan of Ui Fidhgheinte buried at Kilteely

Kilteely · town · Limerick

Lonan, chief of the Ui Fidhgheinte, who made a great feast for St. Patrick on Mullach Cis, was buried at Kilteely, linking the site to early Christian-era patronage and chiefly burial.

Read the passage

To the north of Ballinalough is the parish of Kilteely,(l6) that is, " St. Tidal's church." Lewis mentions that on an eminence near the village are some remains of the church of Kildromin, founded by the Knights Templars in 1291. Lonan, chief of the Ui Fidhgheinte, who made a great feast for St. Patrick on Mullach Cis, was buried at Kilteely. Near the village is, or rather was, a remarkable rock, for the greater part is now quarried away, which the people call Carrickittle, that is, as it is written by the Four Masters and in the Annals of Lough Ce, Carraig Ciotal, " Ciotal's Rock." The Earl of Kildare built a castle on this rock in 1 5 10, which is shown in Speede's Map of Munster contained in Pacata Hibemia. Dr. Joyce, in Irish Names, thinks that Ciotal is a diminutive from " Cet," a name which often occurs in old Irish tales, but he is not quite satisfied with this derivation owing to the absence of the genitive inflexion. In the Wars of the Gaedhil with the Gaill, it is stated that in the year 853 Amlaibh, king of Lochlainn, killed the son of Cennfaeladh, king of Muscraidhe Breoghain, a district not far from the town of Tipperary, and Caetil the White, with his whole garrison. This Caetil was a chief of the Gaill-Gaedhil, or apostate Irish, and it is not known where his fortress was situated. There is the probability however that it was not far from Tipperary, and as there seems to be great diversity in the annals as to the proper form of this name, may there not be a possibility that he may be identified with Ciotal of Carrickittle. Dr. Todd considers the name Caetil to be the same as the Scandinavian name Ketill. Many years ago a number of what an old man called Danish pikes were found near Kilteely. The same old man told me that under a large stone about a mile to the west of the Boughal Breaga he found, a few years ago, several axe heads made of a metal he did not know, and a couple of coins with inscriptions ; as these were neither gold nor silver he did not

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 276

Lord President Stationed at Cork

Cork · city · Cork

During the early stages of the Munster rebellion, the Lord President was stationed at Cork. Lord Muskerry, whose Barony of Muskerry bordered Cork, maintained intelligence with him while feigning neutrality.

Read the passage

Muskerry. whom, because he is now become a notable, considerable, concerning man in this great affair, I may not let pass without a note ; and it shall be of admonition to find him among a magazin of such murderers. He is of the family of the Cartys, which they affirm to be of such antiquity, that unless you admit them to have a being so long before the coming of our blessed Saviour as there hath been time since, they think you undervalue them much. This man's father was the first lord of that name, which he nobly attained by purchase and acquisition, lie was summoned to the first meeting at Buttevant, but came not, and all this time, and some days after, held intelligence with the Lord President, lying at Cork, unto which the Barony of Muskerry (from which the name of his viscountship is derived) lies contiguous. And, although he did for some days by his neutrality secure himself in his own(5} thoughts, yet when he found the time fit for it, he did most

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, this is where the Lord President lay during the early stirrings of the Munster rebellion. The story that comes down concerns Lord Muskerry, a man the record calls a notable and considerable figure in the whole affair. He was of the family of the Cartys, who claimed such antiquity that unless you grant them a being before the coming of Christ, they think you undervalue them. His father was the first lord of that name, attaining it by purchase and acquisition. Muskerry was summoned to the first meeting at Buttevant, but he did not come. Instead, he held intelligence with the Lord President, who was stationed here at Cork. The Barony of Muskerry, from which his viscountship took its name, lies contiguous to the city. He kept up a posture of neutrality for some days, securing himself, as he thought. But when he found the time fit, the record says he did most — and there the passage cuts off, leaving what he did next untold.

Monument to Nixon at Wallstown church

Wallstown · townland · Cork

Nixon, a jovial companion of Johnny Roche and former sexton of Wallstown church, was buried in Wallstown. Johnny, having promised in life to raise a monument to his memory, erected a flag with the inscription 'here lies nixon.'

Read the passage

Johnny loved his glass, and it may be drew inspiration therefrom. One of his jovial companions, a "wet" soul named Nixon, whilom sexton of Wallstown church, died and was buried in Wallstown. In a pliant hour Johnny promised him if he survived he would raise a monument to his memory, and true to his word he erected a flag with the following telegraphic inscription — " here lies nixon."
Johnny's appearance was somewhat striking. Of a medium height, well formed and unencumbered with flesh, he was gifted with unusual activity, which perhaps an unevenly balanced intellect kept in a state of constant motion. His face was full of life and expression. His eyes, undimmed by years, reflected the subtle working of his mind, while his silvery locks were allowed to stray far beyond their proper confines, and added a weirdness to his countenance. From the photograph shown, in which he is very appropriately represented with a violin in one hand and a trowel in the other, it will be observed that his hat formed no unimportant portion of his attire, and on closer inspection his waistcoat appears to have been fastened by only one button, which must have taken some pains to tie, and no ordinary amount of exertion to undo. In his old days he generally travelled about and visited the neighbouring towns and villages, snugly ensconced in a curiously-shaped vehicle. This was altogether his own design and make, and resembled to some extent a small circus van, shorn of the ornamental dragons usually seen at the sides and rear. It was fitted up with many

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 104

Muskerry estates forfeited and sold in Dublin, 1702-3

near Muskerry · street · Cork · 1702–1703

The fourth Earl of Clancarty's estates in Muskerry, representing landlord rights originally diverted from the clan, were forfeited and sold in Dublin to various purchasers in 1702-3. The rental of the Muskerry estate was approximately £7,980 per annum, sold at fourteen years' purchase.

Read the passage

(4) Donogh MacCormac (oge) MacCarthy, eighteenth lord of Muskerry, son of Cormac oge MacCormac MacCarthy, seventeenth lord, who is shown in the pedigree of the family published at p. 193 of vol. i. of this Journal (1st series), to illustrate an article on the " Sept Lands of Muskerry." The seventeenth lord and his father, Cormac, the sixteenth lord, had followed the example of the fourteenth lord — the famous Sir Cormac MacTeige MacCarthy; and, by successive surrenders of the clan lands, as if their own, to the Crown, and subsequent regrants from the Crown to themselves, had diverted the ownership of the lands from the clan to themselves, and became landlords receiving rents in money, instead of chieftains over clansmen — their status under Tanist law. Donogh's father, Cormac Oge, had been created in 1628 Baron of Blarney and Viscount of Muskerry. Donogh was the second viscount ; and having joined in this civil war, 1641-52, became commander of the Munster forces of the "rebels." He was exiled to the Continent by the Parliament, but afterwards assisted in the Restoration of King Charles II., by whom he was, in 1658, created Earl of Clancarty. His grandson, also called Donogh, fourth earl, joined the losing side of King James II. in his contest with William of Orange, and was taken prisoner at the capture of Cork, 29th September, 1690, and was contined in the Tower, but escaped to France. He was outlawed; but was subsequently pardoned by King William, who allowed him a pension of ,£300 a-year. His estates in Muskerry, i.e. the landlord rights filched a century before from the clan, were forfeited and sold in Dublin to various purchasers in 1702-3.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 15

Muskerry Yeomanry meeting at Carrigadrohid, 1827

Carrigadrohid · townland · Cork · 1827

At a meeting of the Muskerry Cavalry Corps held at Carrigadrohid on 12 March 1827, resolutions governing the calling of meetings were passed, six new members were proposed, and an address of support was drafted for member Daniel Connor, who faced trial at the Waterford Assizes for the alleged homicide of Joseph Daunt in a duel. Daunt was shot dead at the first fire; Connor was acquitted or the prosecution was not pressed.

Read the passage

At a meeting of the Corps held at Carrigadrohid, on 12th March, 1827, for the purpose of inquiring into certain charges, etc., and for any other Corps business that may occur, the following Resolutions were entered into : —
Resolved— That all meetings independent of the Duty of the Corps are to be called by Requisition signed by at least six of the members and sent to the Commanding Officer for that purpose.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 148

Navy chaplain's unflattering 1691 description of Kinsale

Kinsale · town · Cork · 1691

A contemporary navy chaplain's diary described Kinsale in 1691 as 'a large filthy hole, that contains nothing good in it,' noting he 'was glad to leave so vile a place.' Jonas Stawell, burgess since 1676 and elected sovereign of Kinsale in 1691, was singled out as one of the only two men fit for Christian conversation in the town besides the rector.

Read the passage

He was a burgess of Kinsale 1676. He is described in the contemporary diary of a navy chaplain as one of the " two only fit men for Christian conversation in the town, besides the rector, honest parson Tomms." The diarist describes Kinsale (1691) as " a large filthy hole, that contains nothing good in it," and (he says) he " was glad to leave so vile a place. '
Jonas Stawell was elected sovereign of Kinsale 1691, and M.P. 22nd September, 1692, when he and his colleague, Edward Southwell {q.v.), " did release the corporation from all charges which they may claim by reason of their said services in Parliament."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 190

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Kinsale, a navy chaplain who came this way in 1691 left a harsh verdict. He called it "a large filthy hole, that contains nothing good in it" and said he "was glad to leave so vile a place." He found only two men in the whole town besides the rector, honest parson Tomms, fit for Christian conversation. One was Jonas Stawell, a burgess since 1676, elected sovereign of Kinsale in that same year of 1691. He later served as member of Parliament from September 1692.

Patrick Condon's tenancy at Ballybeg

Ballybeg · townland · Cork · 1671–1672

Patrick Condon rented retrenchments from Lord Kingston at Ballybeg and began disturbing Spratt's tenants and impounding their cattle in 1671. He persisted in threats and legal actions until his death by a fall from his horse while drunk.

Read the passage

" On July, 1671, Patrick Condon, who rented my retrenchments from the Lord Kingston at Ballybeg, began his pranks^disturbing my tenants, and impounding their cattle.
"On the 1 2th March following he gave alarms of war and many threats.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 294

Rebel camp at Lacras near Seven Churches

Laragh · town · Wicklow

The narrator arrived at a small village called Lacras, near the Seven Churches in County Wicklow, which served as a rebel camp. The rebels forced themselves into the villagers' cabins on free quarters, threatening to shoot anyone who opposed them.

Read the passage

We now arrived at a small village called Lacras, very near the Seven Churches, county Wicklow, which I found to be their camp. Some of our party dispersed, and the remainder sans ceremonie entered the villagers' cabins with intention to remain there on free quarters as long as they pleased, at the same time telling the occupants if they attempted to oppose their so doing they would shoot them like dogs. They therefore (as it behoved them so to do) welcomed those unwelcome visitors with as good a grace as they could possibly assume. The fire was made

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 250

As the companion tells it

Coming through Laragh now. Near here was a small village called Lacras, close to the Seven Churches in County Wicklow, and it served as a rebel camp. When the narrator arrived, some of the party dispersed. The rest entered the villagers' cabins without ceremony, intending to stay on free quarters as long as they pleased. They told the occupants that if they attempted to oppose them, they would shoot them like dogs. The villagers, as they had to, welcomed those unwelcome visitors with as good a grace as they could possibly assume. The fire was made.

Rebel captain joins French forces at Killala

Killala · town · Mayo

A rebel captain named Walsh, formerly a maltster at Kilcullen, joined the French forces when they landed at Killala. The French arrived with the express intention of joining disaffected Irishmen to subvert the laws and constitution.

Read the passage

Cork to Dublin, I took my scat in the mail coach, and on my way thither was attacked, as were also the other passengers, at a place called Red Gap, about three miles from the camp of Kilcullen and twenty-four from Dublin, by a detachment of those same United Irishmen or rebels, commanded by Colonel McMahon, who had been an attorney, and who proved to be a very humane little fellow ; from a striking resemblance I assimilated him to Mr. Robinson, Mr. Simon Hardy's nephew. The captains were Messrs. Neale and Walsh ; the former had been a doctor, a man possessed of rather a prepossessing address, great understanding and penetration ; the latter had been maltster to a brewer at Kilcullen, but having robbed the house of his master of considerable property, he, by way of eluding the vigilance of justice, joined the French when they landed at Killala, who came expressly to join any evil-disposed Irishmen with a view to the total subversion of the laws and constitution. There was also a Captain Duffy, who had worked at the saddling trade, and earned two guineas and a half per week until the spirit of sedition inspired him with the idea of joining those rebels, which intention he effected in the mountains of Wicklow about the same time with Walsh. However, to proceed. When we got within thirty yards of the Red Gap, where the rebels then were, and where I already mentioned the attack took place, I was awoke from as comfortable a nap as I could expect in a mail coach, by the most dreadful shoutings I ever heard, and at the same time cries of" Stop the coach !" " Shoot them !" " Kill them !" I rubbed my eyes and looked around thinking I had awoke from an unpleasant dream, but was very soon undeceived, for on looking out of the coach window I perceived a congregation of rebels mounted and formed into a close body at the front of a road leading to the mountains, like so many devils fixing themselves in attitude-- of attack, and apparcntly ready to fire at the coach. The common men (meaning the soldiers were like a group of country fellows at a fair dressed in various coloured clothes ; they wore white and green silk cockades in their hats, with cards in front on which was printed in very legible character^ the w "Death or liberty." Kvcrything which they could procure green was worn around their arms as ornaments ; the party were armed with muskets, blunderbusses, pistols, pikes, haversacks full of powder. As I was a yeoman, the pass I had got from my captain immediately occurred to me, which I drew fr<>m my pocket and tore into as many small pieces as time would allow, and threw them into the bottom of the coach. We were then dragged out and given in charge to cither two or four rebels, who told us if we attempted to put our hands in our pockets they would shoot us without the smallest hesitation, This perplexed me not a little, as I had a very loyal letter in mine, and in which the rebels were greatly

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 249

As the companion tells it

You are coming to Killala, in Mayo. This is the town where the French landed, and where a rebel captain named Walsh joined them. Walsh had been a maltster to a brewer at Kilcullen. He robbed the house of his master of considerable property. By way of eluding the vigilance of justice, he joined the French when they landed at Killala. The French came expressly to join any evil-disposed Irishmen, with a view to the total subversion of the laws and constitution. There was also a Captain Duffy, who had worked at the saddling trade and earned two guineas and a half per week, until the spirit of sedition inspired him to join the rebels. He effected that intention in the mountains of Wicklow about the same time as Walsh. The captains of the United Irishmen or rebels were Messrs Neale and Walsh. Neale had been a doctor, a man possessed of a prepossessing address, great understanding and penetration. The rebels were commanded by Colonel McMahon, who had been an attorney, and who proved to be a very humane little fellow. The narrator of this account was travelling from Cork to Dublin in the mail coach when he was attacked at a place called Red Gap, about three miles from the camp of Kilcullen and twenty-four from Dublin. He was awoke from a nap by dreadful shoutings and cries of "Stop the coach!" "Shoot them!" "Kill them!" Looking out the window he saw rebels mounted and formed into a close body at the front of a road leading to the mountains. The common soldiers wore white and green silk cockades in their hats, with cards bearing the words "Death or liberty." Everything green they could procure was worn around their arms as ornaments. They were armed with muskets, blunderbusses, pistols, pikes, and haversacks full of powder.

Rose stone of Shandon Abbey in Peacock Lane monastery

Cork · city · Cork · 1590

A carved rose stone dated 1590 from Shandon Abbey was built into the Christian Brothers monastery in Peacock Lane for good luck. It bears a rose and twisted ornament and can still be seen in the wall outside the kitchen door. Other stones from the abbey are visible in the curve of Wise's distillery.

Read the passage

HERE are many interesting little stories which may be told of the ancient buildings in connection with walled Cork, of which structures we possess only the ruins, of some, only a few relics, and of others scarcely a memory. Let us go round the map picture of old Corke, in the Pacata Hibernia — but this time on the mainland, as we are done with the gates and flanking towers. We start from the western end of what is now the North Mall, and wc shall go round east and south, and finish up with St. Marie's of the Isle. The Abbey of St. Francis, or, as the Pacata calls it, Shandon Abbey, stood a little to the west of what is now Messrs. Abbott's mineral water manufactory, and this is very easily proved, for the holy well of St. Francis is on those very premises. It is a splendid well, some five feet in diameter, with a never failing supply of pure crystal water, which always remains about two feet deep. It is highly medicinal, resembling in its taste the Mallow Spa, and many people still use it as cures for weak eyes, consumption, and other ailments, the Messrs. Abbott ungrudgingly giving it to all that come for it. There is a narrow little pathway round the well which leads into a room that is like a crypt, for the end of it furthest from the well is formed by a solid rock of red sandstone. A legend says that from here there is a subterranean passage leading up to Garrane-na-brahair, " the brothers' grove," but the solid rock is an impassable barrier ; but there is a very massive wall at an angle, which, if removed from the rock, might verify the legend. Visitors are quite at liberty to see the well, but it is not as easy now as when I called there first, for I had only to open a door and it was before me; some machinery works near it now. There are numerous vestiges of the abbey back of the houses, and all along the district stone mullions, inscriptions, etc. The late venerable James B. Duggan, superior of the Christian Brothers, told me "that when they were building the monastery in Peacock Lane, some kind friend sent them the rose stone of Shandon Abbey that it might be built into the house for s^oorf lucky Mr. John Leonard, then superior, had it done, and you may see it any day in the wall outside the kitchen door, bearing the rose and twisted ornament, and the date 1590. The good luck has never left it; and you can see a picture of, it in the Journal, for John P. Dalton (Council Member), in his "With Pen and Pencil Round Cork," had that and two other stones of Shandon Abbey (which you may see for yourself in the curve of Wise's distillery) illustrated.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 155

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, there is a stone from 1590 built into a wall, still said to bring luck to the building it guards. It is the rose stone of Shandon Abbey, in the Christian Brothers monastery in Peacock Lane. The Abbey of St. Francis stood a little west of what is now Abbott's mineral water manufactory. The holy well of St. Francis is on those premises, a splendid well some five feet in diameter with a never-failing supply of pure crystal water, always about two feet deep. It is highly medicinal, resembling the Mallow Spa, and many people still use it for weak eyes, consumption, and other ailments. The Messrs. Abbott give it ungrudgingly to all who come. A narrow pathway rounds the well into a room like a crypt, its far end a solid rock of red sandstone. A legend says a subterranean passage leads from here to Garrane-na-brahair, the brothers' grove, but the solid rock is impassable. A massive wall at an angle, if removed from the rock, might verify the legend. Numerous vestiges of the abbey survive behind the houses, stone mullions and inscriptions all along the district. The late venerable James B. Duggan, superior of the Christian Brothers, said that when they were building the monastery in Peacock Lane, a kind friend sent them the rose stone to be built into the house for good luck. Mr. John Leonard, then superior, had it done. You may see it any day in the wall outside the kitchen door, bearing a rose and twisted ornament and the date 1590. The good luck has never left it. John P. Dalton, in his "With Pen and Pencil Round Cork," had that stone and two others from the abbey illustrated. Those two can be seen in the curve of Wise's distillery.

Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society

The stories, best first

Lord Inchaquin defeats rebels four miles from Mallow

Lord Muskerry's revolt and council of war at his house

Mil's fortress still visible at Murbech, Aranmore

Muskerry Yeomanry re-embodied amid political crisis of 1822

Negotiations at the Short Castle, Moyalloe, 1642

Rebel army encamps at Lord Roche's house in Castletown

Rebels warmly received in Kilmallock

Rockite Insurrection and outrages at Caherconlish, 1821

St. Lacteen's Well and its desecration legend

Tea tower in Caherconlish orchard

Thomas Rose — mayor and lamp-lighter of Limerick

Twenty-One Bridges Walking Route of Cork City

Weighmaster dispute in Clonakilty borough

William Tonson's rise from kitchen menial at Spanish Island

Ballyhindon: Mr. Roche's house as military headquarters

Caherconlish Castle collapse and Wilson family seat

Carrigoreely castle ruins and vanished stone figure

Constable Duggan wounded by Fenians near Glenbeigh

Fiery dragon's apocalyptic course from Old Head of Kinsale

Giant's Steps leading to Shandon Castle

Inchiquin Castle: Geraldine dower house near Youghal

Plot to murder magistrate John Hawkes

Post-battle livestock prices collapse at Lismore

Prisoner escape legend at Elizabeth Fort

Ahnambrahcreeny: the little friar's ford

Army returns to Lismore with victory and spoils

Arrests at Glenflesk wood after Hutchinson murder

Barony of Kerrycurrihy settled on Maurice Duff

Battle of Glenmalure: Fiach O'Byrne defeats the viceroy

Belfast as a centre of republican feeling

Brigantes held Wicklow and Wexford

Cloghleigh Castle – principal stronghold of the Lord of Condons

Companies march to Youghal; townspeople transported from the kingdom

Disputed weighmaster court at Clonakilty, 1724

Domestic life in Blarney Castle's keep

Execution at Gallows Green, Garryowen

Fenians attack Ardagli barracks repelled by Constable Forsythe

Folk traditions of two great battles near Lough Gur

Fossil shells in Caherconlish limestone quarries

French landing at Killala and surrender at Ballinamuck

Golden sword buried with giant in Lough Gur dolmen

Henry Rugg's contested election at Youghal

Hollymount village burnt by king's army

Holy well and rath at the Paps, Kilcummin

Inquisition at Mallow regarding Spenser lands, 1611

John Philpott Curran's birthplace in Newmarket

Kanturk Castle mortgaged to Sir Philip Perceval after 1641

Killenmeaky takes Kilbrittain Castle and other strongholds

Knockroe stone circle destroyed in 1829 for Emancipation turret

Laimh Lacteen—brazen hand of St. Lacteen

Lonan of Ui Fidhgheinte buried at Kilteely

Lord President Stationed at Cork

Monument to Nixon at Wallstown church

Muskerry estates forfeited and sold in Dublin, 1702-3

Muskerry Yeomanry meeting at Carrigadrohid, 1827

Navy chaplain's unflattering 1691 description of Kinsale

Patrick Condon's tenancy at Ballybeg

Rebel camp at Lacras near Seven Churches

Rebel captain joins French forces at Killala

Rose stone of Shandon Abbey in Peacock Lane monastery