Name: Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society
Author: Cork Historical and Archaeological Society

Castle at bottom of Lough Gur linked to crannog tradition

near Lough Gur · lake or lakes · Limerick

A persistent tradition speaks of a castle at the bottom of Lough Gur, likely originating from memories of ancient crannog dwellings. The old native Irish term for crannog may have been 'sceng,' a word now lost.

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The constant tradition of a castle at the bottom of Lough Gur probably took its rise, as many other like tales, from a tradition of the crannog dwellings. The old native term for crannog is now lost, but Mr. O'Beirne Crowe suggests that it might be " sceng," which he connects with the Sanscrit "skand" and Latin "scandere." O'Donovan, in Book of Rights, usually takes sceng to mean part of the trappings of a horse, but there is one passage where this meaning is not applicable, -cejc l*c;r)5J pop. \'C)hye-\"U no\)"CA, " ten scings against which the waves move." J. F. Lynch.
Letters from General Washington, to Reuben Harvey, Esq., of Cork,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 53

Castlelyons used as refuge during the rebellion

Castlelyons · town · Cork

Cattle and English settlers were brought to the Earl of Barrimore's castle at Castle Lyons for safety during the rebellion. The next day they were driven to Youghal and many transported from the kingdom.

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The Earl of Barrimore with his troupe, my Lord of BroghiU's troupe and the remaynder of the foote companyes marched towards the port towne of Yoghall and did save at Mallow, for Mr. William Dam; and for the English in those partes, what cattle we could, and brought them with us to the Earl of Barrimore's Castle, at Castle Lyons, The next day the companyes that marched to Voughall drove them there, and relieved the Towne beside. Many of them were transported from this kingdom which I conceive to be an act of Charity in the said Earle ami ought highly to be commended.
My Lords troupe marched home to Lismorc, within four or five days

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 172

City wall traces at Christchurch Lane, Cork

Cork · city · Cork

Christchurch Lane in Cork contains a Protestant National School, an old graveyard with monuments and antiquities in its crypt, and traces of the city wall. An ancient lease held by architect Robert Walker depicts a house 'built on the city wall' in this lane, showing an arch or breach in the wall.

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The next place of interest is Christchurch Lane and the church itself. The lane is a very nice place to walk in, summer and winter, being well flagged ; having a Protestant National School on one side, and the cleanly kept old graveyard on the other, in which, and in the crypt, many monuments and relics of antiquity are to be met with. For traces of the city wall Council Member Robert Walker, architect, etc., has an ancient lease of a house "built on the city wall" in this lane, and showing on its face a well-drawn picture of the house itself, with the ground before it seemingly made up to the level of the wall, and showing an arch or a breach in the wall itself. There are many traces of the old city about here. Berwick fountain is the exact site of Tuckey's Bridge, which spanned a canal at that place, and on which the equestrian statue of George II. was first erected. Smith in his Complete Irish Traveller (1784), says, "The statue is of bronze, I think, and executed by a Dublin artist." He did not

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 106

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, traces of the old city wall survive at Christchurch Lane. The lane itself is a pleasant place to walk, well flagged, with a Protestant National School on one side and a cleanly kept old graveyard on the other. In that graveyard and in its crypt, many monuments and relics of antiquity are to be found. The wall is documented through an ancient lease held by Council Member Robert Walker, an architect. The lease is for a house, in his words, built on the city wall, in this lane. On its face the lease shows a well-drawn picture of the house, with the ground before it seemingly made up to the level of the wall, and showing an arch or a breach in the wall itself. There are many traces of the old city about here. Berwick fountain marks the exact site of Tuckey's Bridge, which spanned a canal at that place. The equestrian statue of George the Second was first erected on that bridge. Smith, in his Complete Irish Traveller of 1784, says the statue is of bronze and was executed by a Dublin artist.

Cork illuminated for Pius IX Episcopal Jubilee

Cork · city · Cork · 1877

Cork city was illuminated on a grand scale in June 1877 to celebrate the Episcopal Jubilee of Pope Pius IX. St. Mary's Church and the Priory were among the most elaborately decorated buildings, with flags, candles, gas jets, and Papal emblems spanning the river.

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St. Mary's Church was certainly one of the most picturesque and most tastefully decorated buildings in the city. The Priory was surmounted with a large number of flags, combining a variety of colours, and presenting altogether a tasteful picture. All the windows were gaily lit up with candles and lamps. The church itself was a marvel of prettiness; the statue of the Blessed Virgin on the top of the edifice was brilliantly illuminated. The coronet on the head of our Lady was all aflame with little gas jets, and a collection of jets also lay at her feet. The portico was bedecked with flags, and each end of it was topped with a flag — one bearing the Papal arms, the other was white with a rich red cross on it. . . . At this point they had spanned the river with a great number of beautiful flags. From the centre of the line depended a large handsome banner, on which were depicted the tiara and the cross-keys, surmounted by the sacred motto, 'Gloria in Excelsis,' and underneath 'Long live Pius IX.' On the right hand was a shield bearing the inscription ' Signum Fidei,' and on the other shield, ' Ireland and Italy.' On the river they had tar-barrels, and along the quays a still greater number. There was a band in attendance throughout the evening."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 58

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, this is a city that once blazed with light for a pope. In June 1877, Cork was illuminated on a grand scale to celebrate the Episcopal Jubilee of Pope Pius IX. St. Mary's Church was one of the most picturesque and tastefully decorated buildings in the city. The Priory was surmounted with a large number of flags, combining a variety of colours. All the windows were gaily lit up with candles and lamps. The statue of the Blessed Virgin on the top of the church was brilliantly illuminated. The coronet on her head was all aflame with little gas jets, and a collection of jets also lay at her feet. The portico was bedecked with flags, each end topped with one, one bearing the Papal arms, the other white with a rich red cross. They had spanned the river with a great number of beautiful flags. From the centre depended a large handsome banner depicting the tiara and the cross-keys, surmounted by the motto 'Gloria in Excelsis,' and underneath, 'Long live Pius IX.' On one shield was 'Signum Fidei,' and on the other, 'Ireland and Italy.' On the river they had tar-barrels, and along the quays a still greater number. A band was in attendance throughout the evening.

Courts held at the king's old castle, Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1634–1639

William Wiseman, as escheator of Munster, presided at courts for inquisitions held at the king's old castle in Cork, at Bandon, and at other places throughout the county during the 1630s.

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Was escheator of Munster, and presided at the courts for inquisitions held at the king's old castle, Cork, at Bandon, and other places in the county. Resided at Kilbeg Castle, near Bandon, the ruins of which are still extant.
6) When mayor he " pulled down the sign of the ' Duke of Monmouth's Head,' lately set up, and caused it to be burnt with great form and solemnity."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 214

As the companion tells it

Passing through Cork, this was where William Wiseman held courts. He was escheator of Munster in the 1630s, presiding at inquisitions at the king's old castle, at Bandon, and elsewhere in the county. He lived at Kilbeg Castle near Bandon, whose ruins still stand. As mayor he pulled down the sign of the 'Duke of Monmouth's Head' and had it burnt with great form and solemnity.

Cromwell confiscates Brittas property

Brittas · townland · Cork

The Brittas property was confiscated by Cromwell. Lord Brittas's second son, Colonel Burke, was hanged by Cromwell in Cork in 1653.

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disguise of a priest, being permitted to pass unchallenged through the English lines, but was captured at Carrick-on-Suir and brought back to Limerick and hanged on Gallows Green, Garryowen, 1607. Linehan mentions that Sarsfield's wife was granddaughter to John Burke. John Burke's cousin, Theobald Burke of Castleconnel, got his lands — seven and a half ploughlands — and was made Baron Burke of Brittas in 161 8. In the battle of Liscarroll, September 3rd, 1642, between the English under Lord Inchiquin and the Irish under General Barry, Lord Brittas served under the latter. The Brittas property was confiscated by Cromwell, and the second son of Lord Brittas, Colonel Burke, was hung by Cromwell in Cork in 1653. Lord Brittas was restored to his property by Charles II. in 1666, but the estate was again lost under James II., as Theobald, Lord Brittas, and his son John, both of Ballymoney, county Limerick, were attainted in 1696. The lands of Brittas were purchased in 1703 by Thomas Stepney, the Grange, Portmarnock, county Dublin. Towards the close of last century the lands (j) came
Who sings, " Lady love, lady love, come to me now, Come and live merrily under the bough ;

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 256

Dole House of Shandon Abbey near North Abbey Square

near North Abbey Square · street · Cork

The Dole House belonging to Shandon Abbey stood east of North Abbey Square where a lane runs up to the rock steps. It was where the monks doled out charity in food or clothing to the poor, and had a little stream from the river leading to a water-gate of its own.

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In the last century there was a house and ferry where St. Vincent's Bridge stands ; the house was known as the Lilac House, from a fine lilac tree that overshadowed it. Goule's Weir (or whatever it is called now), across the river above the Lee Mills, belonged, with the fishery thereof, to the monks of Shandon Abbey in times long past. The Dole House belonging to the abbey stood to the east of North Abbey Square where the lane runs up to the rock steps, and it was the place where the monks doled out charity in food or clothing to the poor. It had a little stream from the river leading to a water-gate of its own, but I know of nothing of interest in connection with it, though I know that some of the silver vessels of the abbey are still in existence. Goul-na-spurra, " the centre of the spur," did not form an ornament to our city at that time; it was once a very narrow place for the mail coacli to Dublin to pass through ; it
264 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCH/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 155

As the companion tells it

As Cork comes up along the road, this is the city of Shandon Abbey. The Dole House belonging to the abbey stood east of North Abbey Square, where the lane runs up to the rock steps. It was the place where the monks doled out charity in food or clothing to the poor. A little stream from the river led to a water-gate of its own, so the building had its own access from the water. The weir across the river above the Lee Mills, called Goule's Weir, belonged with its fishery to the monks of Shandon Abbey in times long past. Some of the silver vessels of the abbey are still in existence. The writer says he knows of nothing else of interest in connection with the Dole House itself, though those silver vessels survive as a trace of what the abbey once held.

Doneraile borough incorporated and parish church rebuilt

Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1633–1679

The borough of Doneraile was incorporated on 1st May 1679, and Arthur St. Leger (first Viscount Doneraile) and his father were its first two members. Arthur St. Leger rebuilt the parish church of Doneraile, originally erected by his grandfather in 1633.

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Eldest son of John St. Leger, M.P. {q.v.) He and his father were the first two members for the borough, which was incorporated 1st May, 1679. Attainted by James II., 1689; a privy councillor; created Baron of Kilmaydon and Viscount " Downerayle" 23rd June, 1703. Rebuilt the parish church of Doneraile, which had been erected by his grandfather in 1633.
He married 24th January, 1690, Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of John Hayes, M.P. {q.v.); she died 1739, anc^ 'ia<^ issue (sce following). He died suddenly in his chaise on the road between Waterford and Doneraile, 7th July, 1727, and was buried at Doneraile. The viscountcy of this creation is extinct.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 132

Duhallow Hunt Cup race over Mallow course

Mallow · town · Cork · 1806

A dispute over the Duhallow Hunt Cup in November 1806 led to a resolution that the race be four miles over Mallow course, carrying twelve stone, ridden by grooms, with horses qualifying over a four-foot wall and a sporting ditch. Captain Porter named his horse 'Marquis' and William Purcell challenged with 'Messenger'.

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Mondav, yd November, 1806. Resolved — That a difference of opinion having occurred as to the right of possession of the Duhallow Hunt Cup, the time for challenging the same be enlarged to Monday, the 1st day of December next, on the usual hour, of a deposit to be paid to the treasurer at the time of challenge, Captain Porter and Mr. Newsom to be exempt from paying any deposit. The race to be four miles over Mallow course, such day during the next meeting as the steward shall appoint, carrying twelve stone, to be rode by grooms, the horses to qualify over a fourfoot wall and a sporting ditch, to the satisfaction of the steward.
Resolved — That the club shall meet and dine together at Carmichael's, in Mallow, on Monday, the 1st of December next.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 36

Dundannion Castle ruined tower

near Dundanion · street · Cork

The ruined tower of Dundannion Castle was a place the author often explored. He speculated it may be 'Galway's Castel' on the map of The Pacala, though he distrusted the accuracy of that book's artists.

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We often strayed into the ruined tower of Dundannion Castle, which I think must be " Galway's Castel" in the map of The Pacala; but the artists of that book were not of much account (as I said before), and had an utter contempt for perspective, like John Chinaman in his willow pattern plate, which we seldom see now. Blackrock Castle, though, is on the very site of the old tower built by the Normans for the defence of the river and as a signal tower. I had a picture of it, in vvhich the mayor and corporation are shown returning from "throwing the dart," and this was how it was got over in the good old times : — ■" Ordered — That the Mayor, Mr. Common Speaker, and Alderman Lavitt, with the members of the Corporation, do proceed in boats from the Mayor's Slip (it was under that big tree outside the Mansion House, now Mercy Hospital), to Blackrock Castle, and from thence to sea, where the Mayor shall throw the Dart, at the limits of his jurisdiction, for the conservancy of the river. And that an entertainment be provided for them on their return to the castle, the cost whereof is not to exceed ,£8." It must have cost more in 1826, for after they left the castle the place was found to be on fire, which broke out in the octagon room, or Admiralty Court, which was on the top of the tower. The present very handsome castle or lighthouse was built in 1828, from designs by Thomas Payne, but the old foundation was utilized. Here is another extract of the times that are past: — "Ordered — That the turf stored at Blackrock Castle be sold, at a nominal price, to Protestants only, the quantity supplied to each applicant not to exceed two kishes." Said turf was burnt in earlier days in an iron cage on the top of the tower, as a beacon fire. And so, bit by bit, and taking many years, was built The Marina ; but old people yet living remember when yachts and boats sailed over where stands the Park, and landed their passengers where now stands the Cork and Bandon railway terminus, when the traffic to Cove was done by whaleboats and luggers, for it was not called Queenstown until after her Majesty's visit in 1849. The same thing is being gradually done below the castle to Horse Head, for the city is making rapid strides to the east, and it is well to let the growing generation know what their native city was like in former years.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 282

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Dundanion, you have the ruined tower of Dundannion Castle. The author of this passage often strayed into it, and he thought it must be what is marked as Galway's Castel on the map of The Pacala. But he did not trust the artists of that book. He said they were not of much account and had an utter contempt for perspective, like the makers of the willow pattern plate. From there his account moves to Blackrock Castle, which stands on the very site of an old tower built by the Normans for the defence of the river and as a signal tower. He had a picture of it showing the mayor and corporation returning from throwing the dart. In the old times it was ordered that the Mayor, Mr. Common Speaker, and Alderman Lavitt, with the members of the Corporation, should proceed in boats from the Mayor's Slip under a big tree outside the Mansion House, now Mercy Hospital, to Blackrock Castle, and from thence to sea, where the Mayor should throw the Dart at the limits of his jurisdiction for the conservancy of the river. An entertainment was to be provided on their return to the castle, the cost not to exceed 8 pounds. It must have cost more in 1826, for after they left the castle the place was found to be on fire, which broke out in the octagon room, or Admiralty Court, on the top of the tower. The present castle or lighthouse was built in 1828 from designs by Thomas Payne, using the old foundation.

Earthen fort Cnocaun O'Kinnealey near Caherconlish

Caherconlish · town · Limerick

On a hill along the road from Caherconlish to Ballyneety stands an earthen fort known locally as Cnocaun O'Kinnealey. The name may preserve a pre-English memory, as the O'Kinnealeys held large possessions in Lower Connello before the Norman invasion.

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A short distance from Caherconlish, on the road to Ballynccty, there is a little hill through which the road has been cut ; on this hill at the right hand side of the road there is an earthen fort, known to the people as Cnocaun O'Kinnealey. This name may be a survival of pre-English times, as the O'Kinnealeys held large possessions in the Baron)- of Lower Connello prior to the English invasion.
At the death of King Donald O'Brien, which occurred in the year 1 195, and who, while he lived, was more than able to hold his own, William de Burgh got large grants from King John, and immediately proceeded to build castles throughout this district, and to earl)- in the thirteenth century I attribute two at least of the Caherconlish castas. One of these was the castle which formerly stood on the hill of Caherconlish, and the other was a fine fortress which stood on a hill, Cnoc-a'- tsean-chaisleain, " the hill of the old castle," about a mile outside the village, beside the new road to Limerick. I shall give a description of this later on when treating of the castles of Caherconlish.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 185

Edward Webber and the Mardyke Walk, Cork

Mardyke · electoral division · Cork · 1719–1730

Edward Webber, M.P. for Cork City 1727–1730, commenced the Mardyke Walk at his own private expense in 1719 and built a house at the West End with fruit gardens for visitors. He also held the lease of the ferry over the north river of the city called the Lee.

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He was an attorney; clerk of the crown and peace, 1714; admitted free of Cork gratis, 1699; sheriff, 1713; was granted the office of town clerk in reversion, 18th January, 1705, at a yearly rent of £\o, and a payment of .£100 on completion of the grant ; was lessee of the ferry " over the north river of the city called the Lee," 9th September, 1713, in consideration of £100 paid to the corporation; appointed "city agent," 1724; "in 1719 he commenced the Mardyke Walk at his private expense," and he also "built a house at the West End, where there were good gardens planted with fruit, for the accommodation and entertainment of persons who frequented the Walk."
He married Mary, daughter of George Rogers, m.p. (q.v.), and had issue, of whom the eldest son was named George.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 214

As the companion tells it

The road is taking you through Mardyke, in Cork. Edward Webber, an attorney and clerk of the crown and peace, began this walk in 1719 at his own private expense. He built a house at the West End, where there were good gardens planted with fruit, for the accommodation and entertainment of persons who frequented the Walk. He had become sheriff in 1713, and that same year he took the lease of the ferry over the north river of the city called the Lee, paying 100 pounds to the corporation for it. He was appointed city agent in 1724 and served as M.P. for Cork City from 1727 to 1730. He married Mary, daughter of George Rogers, M.P., and his eldest son was named George.

Fairy piper heard at Carrigafeepera in Boskill

Boskill · townland · Limerick

A hill in Boskill townland called Carrigafeepera, or 'the Piper's Rock,' is named for a fairy piper said to be often heard there. A similar legend attaches to a Piper's Rock in the Comeragh Mountains, where a lost piper played his pipes seeking help that never came.

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('') A short distance to the south-east of this old house, and in Boskill townland, there is a hill, Carrigafeepera, or "the Piper's Rock," so called because a fairy piper is often heard there. In the Comeragh Mountains there is a Piper's Rock, thus named, it is said, from a piper who lost his way and played his pipes on this rock to bring the help which never came, and oft may still be heard, the people say, the sound of pipes from Carrigafeepera.
-3

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 206

Father Horgan's round towers at Waterloo and Whitechurch

Waterloo · street · Cork

Father Mat Horgan of Blarney, finding no round towers at Waterloo or Whitechurch, built them independently himself. The author uses this to illustrate the practice of church builders placing Christian edifices near round towers.

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HEN the fair-haired Fin Barr left his retreat in Lone Gougane Barra, and wandered duwn the valley of the Lee, his eye was caught by the beauty of a cluster of verdure-clad islands, mirrored in crystal water which ringed them lovingly round, as the Atlantic clasps green Erin. On these clustered islands the good saint determined to found a place, which from his time grew and throve, until it became what it is to-day — the beautiful city of Cork. It was not much of a site in an engineering point of view on which to found a city, being too far from the sea for one reason, being too low for another, and he never thought that the green hills around it would be a line place for the cannon of future days to batter down his little city. I hold it was the presence of one of the pillar towers of Ireland, which stood at the foot of a hill on the mainland, near to what is now Elizabeth Fort, was the attraction, as most church builders built Christian edifices very near to a round tower. Father Mat Horgan, of Blarney, finding no towers at Waterloo or Whitechurch. built them independently for himself, and there they are.
486 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 281

Founding of Cistercian abbey of Maur in Myross

Myross · townland · Cork · 1172–1488

The Cistercian abbey of Maur, or 'de Fonte vivo', in the parish of Myross, diocese of Ross, was founded in 1172 by Dermod McCarthy, king of Cork. Pope Innocent VIII later conferred the abbey on Thaddeus, bishop of Ross, in commendam in 1488.

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down to the time of Elizabeth." About the period we treat of, the McCarthys were divided into several branches — McCarthy Mor of Kerry, or princes of Desmond ; McCarthy Reagh, princes of Carbcry ; McCarthys of Muskerry, and the McCarthys of Duhallow. Gerald, eighth Earl of Kildare, lord lieutenant of Ireland, gave his daughter Ellenor in marriage to Donald MacFineen McCarthy Reagh, and there is extant an indenture between the earl and McCarthy Reagh, by which on certain conditions Donald accepted to recognise the King of England, etc., dated 20th November, 1496. The power of the McCarthys was so great that all Queen Elizabeth's designs were to destroy their power (vide Life and Letters of Florence McCarthy Mor, and Historical Pedigree, by D. McCarthy Glas). We see exhibited their spirit of religion in their monastic foundations. The abbey of St. Finbarr, " de Antro," founded by St. Finbarr, was refounded by Cormac McCarthy, king of Munster, anno 11 34, for canons regular of the order of St. Augustin. He also built the celebrated chapel on the Rock of Cashel, called after him " Cormac's chapel." In 1172 the Cistercian abbey of Maur, or " de Fonte vivo," in the parish of Myross, diocese of Ross, was founded by Dermod McCarthy, king of Cork ; Tracton abbey, also Cistercian, founded by the McCarthys in 1224. The Augustinian convent of Ballymacadam, near Cork, the Franciscan abbeys of Cork, Timoleague, and Kilcrea testify to it. In Muskerry and Carbcry, in which the greater part of the diocese of Cork is situated, the power of the McCarthys was very great at this period. Hence the jealousy why the FitzGeralds would not wish to see a member of a powerful neighbouring family in the see of Cloyne.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 289

Founding of Ludden abbey under King Stephen

Ludden · parish · Limerick · 1135–1154

According to Matthew Paris, the Knight Owin, having served King Stephen, obtained land in Ireland to build a monastery called Ludden, an abbey of white monks. Gervasius became the first abbot and the monk Gilbert trained Owin in the order.

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It appears from this that Gervasius, abbot of a monastery called Ludan, obtained some ground through the good offices of King Stephen, probably with the Danish bishop of Limerick, who was consecrated by the Archbishop of Canterbury,^) on which to build a monastery. That he
(4) The St. Patrick whose name is connected with this purgatory lived about the year 850. Mathew Paris gives a long description of the experience of the Knight Owen in the purgatory. There is also an account of the purgatory in Hanmcr's Chronicle: — " And it seemeth to be after the manner of concavities in the bowels of the earth, where the ayre entering naturally to avoid vacuum, and the wind following, whisteleth and crieth like doleful ghosts." The cries were considered to be the groans of spirits in purgatory doing penance for their sins. Dr. Lanigan says : — " This purgatory or purging place of Lough Derg was set up against another Patrick's purgatory, viz., that of Croagh Patrick, mentioned by Jocelyn, which, however ill-founded the vulgar opinion concerning it, was less objectionable." The entrance to the purgatory was a cave in Station Island in Lough Derg, county Donegal. It was visited annually by multitudes ot people from all parts. Various efforts were made by several Popes and Lords Justices of Ireland to suppress it, but without success.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 273

Gentlemen's association formed at Moviddy against robbers

Moviddy · parish · Cork · 1798

On 2nd February 1798, a meeting of gentlemen of East and West Muskerry and Barretts baronies was held at the house of Mr. Walter Wall at Moviddy. They formed a society to aid civil magistrates in detecting and prosecuting offenders, describing the district as infested by a desperate gang of robbers.

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Several baronies and counties in Ireland were proclaimed about this time as disturbed, and early in January, 1798, intelligence reached England of a plan for landing there a very large French army, to be conveyed across the Channel in thirty enormous rafts, each capable of carrying ten thousand men ! Monge, the mathematician, was the inventor of the rafts. The lawlessness of the times was rampant in Muskerry as in other places, and a meeting of the gentlemen of east and west Muskerry and Barretts baronies was held on 2nd February, 1798, at the house of Mr. Walter Wall, at Moviddy, for " considering the propriety of associating to promote public justice and a due execution of the law." Sir Robert Warren, bart, was in the chair, and the following resolution was passed : —
" That, having considered the baronies of West and East Muskerry, Barretts and its vicinity (in which part of the Liberties of the city of Cork is included) infested for some Years by a desperate gang of robbers, rendered not more formidable by their extensive conspiracy and their atrocious acts of violence than by their perjuries and subornation, We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, anxious for the protection ot the Persons and Properties of the Inhabitants of our District, to whose Loyalty and Peaceable Demeanor we are happy to bear testimony, deem it expedient that a Society be formed for the purpose of aiding the Civil Magistrates in detecting, apprehending and prosecuting heinous Offenders within our District, and we form ourselves into a society for that purpose."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 121

Glanworth lands granted to Flemming and Roche

Glanworth · town · Cork

The adjoining lands of Glan Ore, or Glanworth, were granted to Flemming, whose daughter's marriage brought them to the Roches (de la Roupe), Viscounts of Fermoy and anciently Barons of Pool Castle. The whole tract became known as Roche's country.

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The country was named Armoy {i.e. Freshfield), and sometimes Ur Magh, which has the same signification. The adjoining lands of Glan Ore, or Glanworth, were granted to Flemming, who by the marriage of his daughter came to the Roches, or de la Roupe, who were Lord Viscounts of Fermoy, and anciently Barons of Pool Castle, alias Castle Lough, and all this tract is still called Roches country. It is said that Roche, who married the heiress of Flemming, ingratiated himself by killing one of the Condons by a crossbow shot in the thigh, which part happened to be uncovered by the raising up of his cuirass, x^my

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 294

Guard placed on great bridge over the Blackwater at Mallow

Mallow · town · Cork

After agreeing terms with the castle garrison, the rebels set watches and placed a strong guard on the great bridge over the Blackwater, within commanding range of the castle. The night passed quietly under this arrangement.

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some sixteen yards from the castle walls. And so they parted on friendly terms, and presently sent, in the name of the General, to the castle for beer, bread and cheese, which was plentifully conferred on them. And so they, having sent their scouts, set their watches, and put a strong guard on the great bridge leading over the Blackwatcr (within the command of the castle), that night passed quietly over.
And the next morning the said Sergeant-Major came to the Great Castle, and told those who had the charge thereof that he expected the Lord General's coming thither from the Lord Roche's that morning (as he thought), to march away in the afternoon, and desired continuance

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 14

Gullawns and stone arrangement at Smyrna Cottage, Donoughmore

Donaghmore · townland · Cork

In a field behind Smyrna Cottage, residence of Mr. Francis Millard, stood several large gullawns and a geometric arrangement of five stones about two to three feet high, large enough to lay a human body within. The author believed a slab once covered the five stones, forming a destroyed dolmen.

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In a field not much further on, behind Smyrna Cottage, the residence of Mr. Francis Millard (a nephew by half-blood of the late Lord Riversdale, bishop of Killaloc, once well - known as the celebrated preacher, Ludlow Tonson), there are several very fine gullawns, some partly leaning on the hedge, but in size equal to any I have mentioned. In the centre of the field close by are five stones about two to three feet in height, very geometrically placed, within which a human body might be laid. I have no doubt that a slab lay once on the top of these.
Besides what I have mentioned, there are many other pillar stones less remarkable in size, and numerous raths. With all the remains I have mentioned, I was once quite familiar, but my walking days being now long passed, I tremble to think how many in these days of dynamite may have been blown up as obstructions. Indeed I know one remarkable block, adjacent to which the owner of the farm told me there had been another which he had himself removed.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 223

House-to-house arms search in Cork city, June 1798

Cork · city · Cork · 1798

General Myers occupied all exits from Cork city with troops on 8 June 1798 and conducted a house-to-house search for concealed arms, though few were found. This occurred during the suppression of the 1798 rebellion.

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houses, and called on all to deilver up their arms ; and on the 8th June General Myers, having occupied with troops all the exits from the city, caused a search to be made from house to house for arms, but did not find many concealed. Soon after came the news of the defeat of the rebels at Vinegar Hill ; and seven Roman Catholic bishops of Munster sent an address to their clergy calling for their " utmost endeavours against this baneful contagion." The yeomanry were not idle in the country ; the Muskerry corps brought from Blarney, and the Bandon corps from Bantry, persons charged with administering unlawful oaths and other treasons. On the 29th June, Government issued a proclamation offering pardon to all rebels in arms who should surrender within fourteen days. At Skibbereen eleven privates of the YYestmeath Militia were arrested and escorted to Cork by yeomanry, where they were afterwards tried on the charge of being United Irishmen, and conspiring to murder their officers and join the country people to pillage and burn Skibbereen. Some comrades turned informers, and all but two were found guilty ; four were shot, four were ordered to serve abroad, and one received a thousand lashes. Fights still continued at various places between the troops and detached bodies of the rebels, but the rebellion had now practically been suppressed. In July Lord Cornwallis became lord lieutenant, and received an address from Roman Catholic gentlemen among others, offering their best exertions to stay the insurrection. Signs of returning tranquillity became more manifest, state trials for past offences being the only reminders, till the quiet was disturbed in August by the sudden landing of a small French force at Killala bay, but they shortly surrendered to a force under Lord Cornwallis after a battle at a place called Ballinamuck (Pigs-town). The forces of the Crown at this time in Ireland were — Ten regiments of cavalry, fifteen of foot, twelve "1 fencible cavalry, and thirty of fenciblc infantry, two of English, ami thirty-seven of Irish militia, besides nearly two hundred corps of volunteers, cavalry and infantry. On the 6th October the royal assent was given to an Act for a free pardon, on conditions, to the misguided men who had engaged in a profitless rebellion.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 123

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Cork, this is where General Myers, on the 8th of June 1798, occupied every exit from the city with troops and sent soldiers searching house to house for concealed arms. He did not find many. Soon after came the news of the defeat of the rebels at Vinegar Hill. Seven Roman Catholic bishops of Munster sent an address to their clergy calling for their “utmost endeavours against this baneful contagion.” The yeomanry were active in the countryside. The Muskerry corps brought men from Blarney, and the Bandon corps brought men from Bantry, charged with administering unlawful oaths and other treasons. On the 29th of June, Government issued a proclamation offering pardon to all rebels in arms who should surrender within fourteen days. At Skibbereen, eleven privates of the Westmeath Militia were arrested and escorted to Cork by yeomanry. They were tried there on the charge of being United Irishmen, and conspiring to murder their officers and join the country people to pillage and burn Skibbereen. Some comrades turned informers, and all but two were found guilty. Four were shot, four were ordered to serve abroad, and one received a thousand lashes. Fights still continued at various places between the troops and detached bodies of the rebels, but the rebellion had now practically been suppressed. In July, Lord Cornwallis became lord lieutenant, and received an address from Roman Catholic gentlemen among others, offering their best exertions to stay the insurrection. Signs of returning tranquillity became more manifest, state trials for past offences being the only reminders, until the quiet was disturbed in August by the sudden landing of a small French force at Killala Bay. They shortly surrendered to a force under Lord Cornwallis after a battle at a place called Ballinamuck. On the 6th of October the royal assent was given to an Act for a free pardon, on conditions, to the men who had engaged in the rebellion.

John Silver's bequest for Youghal almshouse

Youghal · town · Cork

John Silver, M.P. for Rathcormick, bequeathed £30 to the poor of Youghal. Dr. Henry Maule, bishop of Meath, used part of the money to build walls for an almshouse, raising it only one story high, while the remainder was unaccounted for.

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" John Silver bequeathed ^30 to the poor of Youghal. Dr. Henry Maule, present bishop of Meath, laid out part of it in walls for an almshouse, but carried it no higher than one story. What became of the remainder of the money, God knows. Some people may in time know, when they get to another world." (J)
Silver, Owen.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 162

Kildromin church founded by Knights Templars, 1291

Kildromin · townland · Limerick · 1291

Lewis mentions that on an eminence near the village of Kilteely are some remains of the church of Kildromin, founded by the Knights Templars in 1291.

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To the north of Ballinalough is the parish of Kilteely,(l6) that is, " St. Tidal's church." Lewis mentions that on an eminence near the village are some remains of the church of Kildromin, founded by the Knights Templars in 1291. Lonan, chief of the Ui Fidhgheinte, who made a great feast for St. Patrick on Mullach Cis, was buried at Kilteely. Near the village is, or rather was, a remarkable rock, for the greater part is now quarried away, which the people call Carrickittle, that is, as it is written by the Four Masters and in the Annals of Lough Ce, Carraig Ciotal, " Ciotal's Rock." The Earl of Kildare built a castle on this rock in 1 5 10, which is shown in Speede's Map of Munster contained in Pacata Hibemia. Dr. Joyce, in Irish Names, thinks that Ciotal is a diminutive from " Cet," a name which often occurs in old Irish tales, but he is not quite satisfied with this derivation owing to the absence of the genitive inflexion. In the Wars of the Gaedhil with the Gaill, it is stated that in the year 853 Amlaibh, king of Lochlainn, killed the son of Cennfaeladh, king of Muscraidhe Breoghain, a district not far from the town of Tipperary, and Caetil the White, with his whole garrison. This Caetil was a chief of the Gaill-Gaedhil, or apostate Irish, and it is not known where his fortress was situated. There is the probability however that it was not far from Tipperary, and as there seems to be great diversity in the annals as to the proper form of this name, may there not be a possibility that he may be identified with Ciotal of Carrickittle. Dr. Todd considers the name Caetil to be the same as the Scandinavian name Ketill. Many years ago a number of what an old man called Danish pikes were found near Kilteely. The same old man told me that under a large stone about a mile to the west of the Boughal Breaga he found, a few years ago, several axe heads made of a metal he did not know, and a couple of coins with inscriptions ; as these were neither gold nor silver he did not

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 276

Knockainy as prehistoric capital of Munster

Knockainy · parish · Limerick

Knockainy (Cnoc Aine / Cnockaney) is identified as the site of Ivernis, the prehistoric capital of Munster and the oldest settlement in Ireland, around which numerous de Danann legends cluster. The hill was associated with Aine, the earth-goddess daughter of Manannan, and its glories had faded shortly before the dawn of history in Ireland.

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cooled down, and then by the Almighty Word land and water were made separate. Sir Robert Ball says that the fluid mass went at such a speed that a portion was sent flying off into space and formed the moon. I cannot say whether our old language gives any information about the loss of the moon, but it certainly alludes to the rising of the earth from the waters, and this was what the old myth-makers meant when they said that Aine, "the earth," was the daughter of Manannan, the god of water; and the reason why Aine and Manannan, undernamed Eogabhal, are specially remembered at Lough Gur is that this part of the county Limerick was one time overwhelmed by a flood, caused probably by some sudden settling down of land from the volcanic eruption which occurred here, and which is still remembered in the name of Lake Gar, which comes from root ga "water"; compare Ganges, Lake Geneva, and Loch Garman (Wexford Haven). The people who first settled in this Loch Gair district were Iberians who came originally from Asia Minor, and who, from these neolithic remains at Loch Gair, must have come at a very early period. This district they named Ariu, which means "earth," and is, in fact, the word "earth," the Greek epa8, in epa£e, and Eradne, the daughter of Peleus, the German erde, the Anglo- Saxon eord, the Gothic airtha, the Armenian ard, the Latin terra, and the Hebrew 'erets, all formed from this old root er or il which also occurs in Ararat. In old Irish these people of Ariu were called Araid, and the Ara, name of a barony in north-west Tipperary, is a contraction of Araid, and Uaithne and tir, which are sometimes applied to this barony and the one south of it in county Limerick, are simply glosses upon the old names Araid and Ariu. Dr. Keating was also not very far wrong when he derived Erinn from Eriu, a de Danand queen, and though such a scholar as Dr. Whitley Stokes has rejected this derivation, and is followed by Dr. Joyce in connecting Erinn with Sanscrit avara, " western," Dr. Keating is correct in deriving Erinn from Eriu, for this is the same word as Ariu, and means "land." The old words for "west" and "land" are very much alike, but they are clearly distinguished in Ptolemy's Map of Ireland. Iernus, meaning " west," is the name of a river in Kerry, and Ivernis, meaning "land of the rivers" [iv, Sanscrit ipai denotes "rivers") is the capital of the Iverni ("the people of the rivers"), the Ariu of the Araid, the only city in the south of Ireland in the second century, the prehistoric capital of Munster built on Cnockaney. This is the reason why the three Eochaidhs of Aine were among the noblest and proudest that answered the tryste at Loch Lein, and this is the reason why in that ancient volume, the Book of Rights, the hero of Cashel is called "the hero of Cliach, or "the hero of the woods of Ara," for Cliach means "woods," and this is the reason why so many remains of antiquity have been discovered at Loch Gair, and this is the reason why around Cnoc Aine so many de Danand legends cluster. The ages of Emania and Tara are but as yesterday to the age of this city, the oldest settlement in Ireland. Here still at Loch Gair is the temple in which the sun was worshipped for ages, older by far than the boasted Stonehenge, and here still are cromlechs in which were interred the kings and chiefs of ancient Ariu ; cromlechs as old as those of the land of Moab. The glories of Cnoc Aine had faded shortly before the dawn of history in Ireland. We can just catch a fleeting glimpse of these glories in Ptolemy and in those grand de Danand myths, but Loch Gair has for long been wrapped in eternal night. Eriu, though a very old form, is still in a state of decay when first mentioned in our documents. Comparison with the Hebrew 'erets shows at once that the prehistoric form of Eriu is Ereds, or perhaps Eredes. Compare the Irish clu, "fame," with Sanscrit cravas. An interesting example of a similar formation occurs in the name of an old territory south of Cnoc Aine, Cliu Mail mine Ugaine. This district took its name from Mai, the son of

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 306

Knockeen Caves and Poul Eyon Legend

Knockeen · townland · Limerick

The hill of Knockeen contains several caves through which one can penetrate long distances. Local tradition holds that one cave has an outlet at Poul Eyon, about two miles north-east across the Mulkear, and a story tells of a dog thrown into Poul Eyon emerging at Knockeen.

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There are several caves in Knockeen through which one may penetrate the hill for long distances. The people say that one of these caves has an outlet in a curious looking hole called Poul Eyon, about two miles to the north-east, at the other side of the Mulkear, and not far from Brittas Castle. They tell a story about a dog having been thrown into Poul Eyon and coming out at Knockeen. Poul Eyon is a natural hole in a rock, about thirty feet in depth and fifteen in width. One may notice from the top openings into three caves at the bottom. Poul is the Irish poll, " a hole," and Fyon is, perhaps, the Irish adhan, " a cauldron." It reminds me somewhat of the Pollagcolum, or "pigeon hole," near Cong, count)- Mayo, but of course it is much smaller. The people have no legends in connection with Poll Eyon, nor when I visited Cong could I hear any about Pollagcolum. A somewhat ridiculous story is told by the people in connection with the Knockeen caves. About fifty years ago a man named Ryan Puck(,) was on the run with a price on his head for a terrible murder committed at Knocksentry. Pie was supposed to be hiding near Caherconlish, and late one evening a countryman [Kissing by Knockeen, hearing a noise in one of the caves, concluded that Ryan Puck had concealed himself there. So he immediately went and gave information to the police in Caherconlish. A sergeant and several police constables were immediately despatched to capture Ryan Puck. On arrival at the cave's mouth Ryan Puck was ordered to come forth and surrender. But Ryan Puckmade no reply, and then the sergeant ordered one of his men to enter the cave. The man refused point blank. Ryan was known to be a desperate character, and was well armed, so it was certain death to the first man.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 226

Lott Peere admitted freeman of Youghal and Cork

Youghal · town · Cork · 1627–1634

Lott Peere (called 'Lott Pierce' in municipal records) was admitted to the freedom of Youghal in 1627 alongside Sir William St. Leger, and became a freeman of Cork in 1628. He was elected M.P. for Baltimore in 1634 but resigned that December while absent in England.

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Was secretary to Sir William St. Leger, Lord President of Munster ; admitted to the freedom of Youghal 4th February, 1627, on the same occasion that Sir William was admitted, and is called "Lott Pierce" in the municipal records; freeman of Cork 27th June, 1628. He was elected M.P. for Baltimore on 21st June, 1634, and resigned in the ensuing December, being " absent in England on special occasions," when James Travers {q.v.) was returned in his place.
He was dead before 23rd October, 1652, when his widow and sons were residing at or near Audley End, in Cambridgeshire.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 86

Lough Corrib: Manannan's flood myth and Orbsen's grave

Lough Corrib · lake or lakes · Galway

Manannan's name is connected with Lough Corrib on account of a flood that came from the north of the lake where it is very deep and overwhelmed a fertile southern district. Near the south side of the lake, Orbsen's (or Manannan's) grave was placed, though the myth reverses the causal sequence, claiming the lake sprang from Orbsen's grave rather than the flood being the origin.

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Ugaine, king of Erin, who was slain there ; and from this we see that cliu represents the Latin clades, "slaughter." Mai means "great," and is cognate with Latin mons, "a high hill." Ugaine denotes "begotten" of U or Hu, and this root is the same as Cu, to "beget "or "create." Humore, "great father," was the mythic progenitor of the Firbolgs (the Belgre or "English folk"), and Hu was the mythic chief who led the Cymri from Dafrobane to Wales. Many derivations of Britain are given. I now give one which has occurred to myself. Britain, I think, represents a prehistoric word whose stem is berid, which means "land," and is to be traced to ber, meaning "water." The same root occurs in Berba, one of the names of the mythic Cesar. Dr. Joyce says, " It is now vain to conjecture what the origin of Fodla and Banba (two old names of Ireland) might be." Nil desperandnm. I take Fodla to represent such a form as Fod-erid, and Fod means "knowledge," though here it might mean "knowledge deified.'" The same root occurs in Odin or IVodin, hence our Wednesday. Vodj is the Norse root signifying " to know"; the Irish Jiss, "knowledge,'" belongs to the same root. With regard to Banba, I cognate it with Venus, " the earth rising from the waters." Ba denotes "being" or "quality of existence," and a secondary meaning " to produce." Bodb derg mac in Dagda was the king of the Tuatha de Danand. His name signifies " Red Knowledge, son of the teaching god." Bodb is the northern Odin or IVodin, and was probably introduced into Ireland by very early settlers from the north. In Celtic Romances, Dr. Joyce gives " great good fire" as a probable meaning of Dagda. It is better however to cognate dag with the root of SetKvvui and With regard to the meaning of Danand, this word lias for nominative Danu, perhaps from da, "to move," hence water; also, "to think, judge, etc." So the Danair or Danes were seamen. Manannan is a very interesting name. I take the root to be man, from ma, "to make," which signifies "the thinking faculty." It occurs in " minos," " menelaus," "mentor," etc. Manannan I equate with Manu, the hero of the Indian Flood legend, who threw clarified butter, milk, curds, and whey into the waters which formed the new earth. The reason why Manannan's name is attached to the Isle of Man seems to me to be on account of a flood which broke away the land connection between Ireland and England, and of which connection the the Isle of Man is a relic. The reason why Manannan's name is connected with Loch Corrib is on account of a flood which came from the north of the lake where it is very deep, and overwhelmed a fertile southern district. Near the south side of the lake Orbsen's (or Manannan's) grave was placed. The myth has reversed the course of the waters, for it says it was from Orbsen's grave Loch Orbsen sprang, but this could not be, for Orbsen is to be connected with "salvation from water," and not "destruction by water." Orbsen signifies " old heir," but orb must be traced back to some prehistoric root signifying "to plant, to sow." Orb occurs in the name of Cork barony Orrery, that is, Orbraidhe, "race of Orb"; it may perhaps be allied to the root ar, " to plough," which is found in many languages. Manannan is connected witli Cnoc Aine under the name Eogabhal, which signifies "grasper of knowledge," and he is here on account of a flood which once devastated a large portion of county Limerick, the high hill of Cnoc Aine alone appearing above it, so that rightly Aine is said t" be the daughter of Manannan, as Ida in the Hindu legend is the daughter of Manu. I think there must have been a sudden subsidence ot land owing to the volcanic eruptions at Loch Gair, and then, according to the myth, the waters burst forth from the magic well. The people who argued these changes, these formations of rivers, these burstings forth of lakes, have sent down to us their accounts. Ireland was not inhabited in the volcanic period, for there are no myths which might be referred to volcanoes. Yes, I think these myths, these tales of our grand old race are real.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 307

Lough Gur and the ancient tribes of Small County

near Lough Gur · lake or lakes · Limerick

The barony containing Lough Gur, now called Small County, was formerly known as Deis Beag. Its old inhabitants were a Firbolg tribe called the Mairtine, who were later subdued by three septs including the Ui Faircheallaigh.

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Fragments. — The barony in which Lough Gur lies, now known by the name of Small County, was formerly called Deis Beag. Its old inhabitants were a race of Firbolgs named Mairtine, or Muirtine. These were subdued by three septs, called by O'Heerin the O'Luain, the Ui Duibhrose, and the Ui Faircheallaigh. Dr. O'Donovan says the last name is anglicised O'Farrelly, but that there is not one person of the name to be found in Small County. I do not think that any trace of the occupation of this tribe can now be found in Small County, but near Caherconlish there is a rock, Carrigoreely.C1) and a townland named from it, which preserves the name of the Ui Faircheallaigh. Upon this rock are the ruins of a castle built by the Burkes, and a short distance to the south is the site of a large rath which was dug out about eighty years ago. The people have a story that a small stone figure of a man, with a sword at his side, was then found, but that it vanished most mysteriously the night after its discovery. Mention of Lough Gur is made in the account of the wars of Diarmaid Mac Maoilnambo, king of Leinster, and Toirdhealbhach Mac Briain, with Donnchadh Mac Briain. Toirdhealbhach was grandson of Brian Boroimhe, and foster-son of Diarmaid. He was the rightful sovereign of Munster on the death of his father, Tadhg, who had been assassinated by his brother, Donnchadh, in 1023. When Toirdhealbhach grew up, he and his foster-father waged incessant war on Donnchadh. They destroyed the
(>) Carrigoreely represents the Irish Cdjl|t4?3 U) Tojnce4lU?5.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 88

Macroom force threatened English positions in Cork and Mallow

Macroom · town · Cork · 1558–1603

A military force stationed at Macroom was within easy striking distance of Cork, Mallow, and Castlemaine. This geographic advantage allowed the MacCarthys to successfully resist the constant attacks of the Geraldines.

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The relative positions of the two countries will go far to explain why the MacCarthys, in spite of their division into several branches often more hostile to one another than to the common enemy, resisted successfully the constant attacks of the Geraldincs. Their territories formed a compact mass projecting into the country of their enemies, and were besides of great natural strength. The straggling form of the Geraldinc kinds made it impossible for the Earls of Desmond to concentrate their forces on one point without leaving their frontier exposed to an enemy with a much shorter distance to traverse. A force at Macroom was at easy striking distance of Cork, or Mallow, or Castlemaine, while if the Fitzgeralds had assembled their fighting men near Cork it would be impossible to move them to protect their Kerry lands, except by a dash through the heart of the hostile country. And so we find that the Irish elans, who, according to some writers of Elizabeth's time, had been in the thirteenth century confined to a small district in West Cork and South Kerry, were gradually extending their boundaries during the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. Macroom Castle, for instance, said to have been an English outpost in the reign of John, was in Elizabeth's time looked on as almost inaccessible to an English army.
364 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 211

McCarthy's horse casts a shoe at Ball's Bridge

near Ballsbridge · townland · Dublin

During a journey to Dublin, McCarthy, the owner of Kanturk Castle, reached Ball's Bridge where one of his horses lost a shoe. He ordered a local blacksmith who had a forge at that location to assist him.

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McCarthy consequently paid little attention to this prediction, and he continued his usual mode of life, until one day he resolved to go to Dublin. On reaching Ball's Bridge, outside the city, one of his horses having cast a shoe, a smith who had his forge at that place was ordered

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 152

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, McCarthy, the owner of Kanturk Castle, was on his way to Dublin. He had paid little attention to a prediction and continued his usual life, until one day he resolved to go. On reaching Ball's Bridge, outside the city, one of his horses cast a shoe. A smith who had his forge at that place was ordered to help.

Muskerry Cavalry yeomanry corps in 1798 rebellion duties

near Blarney · townland · Cork · 1798

The Muskerry Cavalry corps performed military and police duties during the 1798 rebellion, bringing persons charged with administering unlawful oaths from Blarney to Cork. Their cordial relations with Brigade-Major Harris are recorded in an address of thanks and his reply.

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houses, and called on all to deilver up their arms ; and on the 8th June General Myers, having occupied with troops all the exits from the city, caused a search to be made from house to house for arms, but did not find many concealed. Soon after came the news of the defeat of the rebels at Vinegar Hill ; and seven Roman Catholic bishops of Munster sent an address to their clergy calling for their " utmost endeavours against this baneful contagion." The yeomanry were not idle in the country ; the Muskerry corps brought from Blarney, and the Bandon corps from Bantry, persons charged with administering unlawful oaths and other treasons. On the 29th June, Government issued a proclamation offering pardon to all rebels in arms who should surrender within fourteen days. At Skibbereen eleven privates of the YYestmeath Militia were arrested and escorted to Cork by yeomanry, where they were afterwards tried on the charge of being United Irishmen, and conspiring to murder their officers and join the country people to pillage and burn Skibbereen. Some comrades turned informers, and all but two were found guilty ; four were shot, four were ordered to serve abroad, and one received a thousand lashes. Fights still continued at various places between the troops and detached bodies of the rebels, but the rebellion had now practically been suppressed. In July Lord Cornwallis became lord lieutenant, and received an address from Roman Catholic gentlemen among others, offering their best exertions to stay the insurrection. Signs of returning tranquillity became more manifest, state trials for past offences being the only reminders, till the quiet was disturbed in August by the sudden landing of a small French force at Killala bay, but they shortly surrendered to a force under Lord Cornwallis after a battle at a place called Ballinamuck (Pigs-town). The forces of the Crown at this time in Ireland were — Ten regiments of cavalry, fifteen of foot, twelve "1 fencible cavalry, and thirty of fenciblc infantry, two of English, ami thirty-seven of Irish militia, besides nearly two hundred corps of volunteers, cavalry and infantry. On the 6th October the royal assent was given to an Act for a free pardon, on conditions, to the misguided men who had engaged in a profitless rebellion.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 123

Samuel Townesend of Whitehall on Roaring Water Bay

Whitehall · townland · Cork · 1689–1759

Samuel Townesend of Whitehall, on Roaring Water Bay, was the fifth son of Bryan Townesend of Castletownsend. He travelled in Italy and on his return built an Italian-style staircase in his house at Whitehall. Born around 1689-1692, he served as high sheriff in 1742 and died in 1759.

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Mr. Samuel Townesend of Whitehall, on Roaring Water Bay, fifth son of Bryan Townesend of Castletownsend. He travelled in Italy, and on his return built a staircase in the Italian style in his house at Whitehall. A miniature painted in Italy shows he must have been a singularly handsome man, with large blue eyes, and short, proud upper lip. He seems to have been a man of high principles and cultivated tastes. He was born in 1689 or 1692, high sheriff 1742, died 1759, married Dorothea, daughter of Sir E. Mansell.
Mr. Philip Townesend of Derry, Rosscarbery, eighth son of Bryan Townesend. He was a captain in General O'Farrell's regiment, the 22nd, during the wars with France in America. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hungerford, of the Island. His letters from America to his family are printed in An Officer of the Long Parliament, pp. 242-53.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 51

Silver-gilt chalices from Shandon Abbey

near Shandon · locality · Cork · 1610–1741

Silver-gilt chalices dating from 1610 onwards were exhibited at the Cork conversazione, drawn from the collection of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. Among the consecrated vessels were chalices from the Abbey of Shandon.

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The display of exhibits was of an extensive and comprehensive character, and illustrated to a large degree the scope and resources of the joint societies associated with the conversazione. Both the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, and the Cork Naturalists' Field Club were represented by many exhibitors, whose specimens drawn from nature and art, were antique, rare, or costly. Mr. Robert Day, F.S.A., without whom no exhibitions of the class would be complete, showed the flags of the Cork Volunteers, with the medals and regimental decorations of the First Volunteers of 17S2 and 1796, and many other curiosities. He was only represented by a fraction of his well-known collection, but the selections were very interesting. There were flags of the Cork Volunteers and Yeomanry decorations. Among the Volunteer decorations were the C.B. gold star, and cross and gold medal for Java, given to Lieutenant-Colonel James Watson, of the 1st Battalion 14th Regiment, who led the storming party at Java ; gold medal for Salamanca ; gold medal for the Egyptian campaign of 1S01, given by the Sultan to Robert Fulton, who commanded the 79th Highlanders. A unique exhibit was the standard of the Old Blackpool Horse of 1790, which is in a wonderful of preservation. There were also to be seen in Mr. Day's collection a fine show of early bronze and gold Celtic ornaments. A rare exhibit were the chalices of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. These articles, all consecrated, were enclosed in a glass case, and some are of almost priceless value. They included a ciborium, silvergilt, date 1614; chalices, silver-gilt, dates 1610, 1611, 1632, 1639, 1741, etc., from the
184 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 112

Sir William Sarsfield fined as mayor of Cork for refusing reformed service

Cork · city · Cork · 1606

Sir William Sarsfield, mayor of Cork in 1606, was fined £100 by the Lord President for refusing to attend Divine Service in the Reformed churches. He was later knighted in 1617 by Lord Deputy Oliver St. John.

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Son of foregoing. Was mayor of Cork 1606, when he was fined /^ioo by the Lord President for refusing to attend Divine Service in the Reformed churches; knighted 30th November, 1617, by Lord Deputy Oliver St. John. {See under Dominick Coppinger for agreement " forgiving" his fees and stipend as member.)
(Caultield points out that this Sir William Sarsfield was dead in 1633, and therefore could not have been M.P. in 1634; and he suggests that the Sir William who was then member for the city was the eldest son of Lord Kilmallock, who may have been a tenant of Sarsfield's Court at the time. It is more likely that the year 1634 given in the Liber Munerorum is incorrect).

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 161

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, this city holds the story of Sir William Sarsfield, its mayor in 1606. He was fined £100 by the Lord President for refusing to attend Divine Service in the Reformed churches. He was later knighted on the 30th of November, 1617, by Lord Deputy Oliver St. John.

Skehard burial mound with skeleton in standing posture

Skehard · population centre · Cork

A large carn or burial mound in Skehard townland, near Caherconlish rectory, originally had about half a dozen surrounding stones. Fifty years ago, when an attempt was made to dig it out for top-dressing, the skeleton of a man was found buried in a standing posture, which put a stop to the digging.

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shows that there was one, Cnocatancashlane, that is, Cnoc-a-tseanchaislean, " the hill of the old castle." About a mile to the west of Cnocatana Castle is the castle which the people now call Carrigoreilly Castle, but which I have already pointed out in the Journal is Carrigofarrelly, " the rock of the O'Farrelly," with whom I have already dealt. A large portion of this castle is left ; it is a small square structure. A very good view of this part of the country may be had from the summit. There is some tradition in the district of the castle having been taken by storm, and the last Burke owner being slain. About forty years ago a large human skull was found by some men when sinking a drain near the castle. Lewis, following Fitzgerald, says that this castle was last inhabited by the O'Dalys. These O'Dalys were simply small farmers, who held the land on which the castle is built. Fitzgerald's mode of imparting this information is apt to be misleading. I have already pointed out that there is the site of a large earthen fort a short distance to the south of this castle. It is not very often we can get the name of the people who lived in these raths ; but with regard to this one, I think there can be no mistake, for the name of the rock on which the Burkes built their castle points out that it was the O'Farrelly. When this fort was dug out, the field in which it lies, and the site of the fort, were planted with potatoes ; but the people say not a single potato grew on the site of the fort, and that certain misfortunes happened to the men who dug out the fort. The little stream which runs to the east of the castle is known as Sruhane-na-Gcearc, " the stream of the moor-hen." The cearc has long deserted the stream, and the name itself I had some trouble in obtaining. About a mile and a half to the south-west of this castle, and in the townland of Greenane, that is " sunny place," there was another castle on the top of a hill, called Greenane Castle. Only one or two stones of this castle are now left, the rest having been taken away within this century to build houses in the neighbourhood. This castle, Fitzgerald says, was last inhabited by the O'Xunans, but the same remark will apply which I have made with reference to the O'Dalys. A little north of this, and in the townland of Skehard, there is a fort, around which the whitethorns still linger. East of this, not far from Caherconlish rectory, and in Skehard townland, there is a large earn or burial mound ; about half a dozen of the stones which originally surrounded it are left. Fifty years ago, when an attempt was made to dig out this earn for top-dressing, the skeleton of a man was found buried in(4) standing posture. This was quite enough to put a stop to

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 257

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Skehard now. In this townland, near Caherconlish rectory, there is a large carn or burial mound. About half a dozen of the stones that originally surrounded it are still left. Fifty years ago, someone tried to dig it out for top-dressing. When they did, they found the skeleton of a man buried in a standing posture. That was quite enough to put a stop to the digging.

Souterrain at Deelish and the Firbolg tradition

Deelish · townland · Cork

A souterrain at Deelish was described by Smith as having been plaistered and lined with soot, indicating fires had been made inside. Smith accepted the tradition that these caves were the abodes of the Firbolgs, or cave-dwellers, though others argued they were hiding places or granaries.

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plaistered, and the whole lined with soot, so that fires had been made in them." Smith appears to have accepted the tradition that these caves were the abodes of the Firbolgs, or cave-dwellers. Opinions on this point seem, however, to be divided, some maintaining that they were used as hiding-places in times- of danger, and others that they were storehouses or granaries.
Tacitus in his Germania^ describes similar structures thus : — " They also dig subterranean caves, and cover them over with a great quantity of dung. These they use as winter retreats and granaries, for the severity 6f the cold is mitigated in them ; and upon an invasion, when the open country is plundered, these recesses remain undiscovered, either because the enemy is ignorant of them, or because he will not trouble himself with the search."(4) I quote from the translation of John Aikin (1823), who refers in a note to similar caverns used by the Sarmations as winter refuges. In Hungary, at the present day, it is common to store corn in subterranean passages.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 99

Souterrains examined near Carrigtwohill

Carrigtohill · town · Cork

Underground chambers near Carrigtwohill were examined by Mr. Croker and Mr. Newenham, forming the type-site against which other souterrains in the Fermoy area were compared. They were described as clay-hollowed chambers with low passages connecting them.

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Since writing my last letter I have been exploring underground chambers by the dozen, and find them to my surprise much more frequent than ever we had imagined. My first dive was into one set on the lands of Ballyhendon,^ within two miles of Fermoy, precisely similar in formation to those we examined near Carrigtwohill. On coming out I gave my guide a couple of shillings, which so pleased his numerous friends that they flocked around me, each offering to lead me to others. I chose a few of the most intelligent, and followed them. In the course of an hour I visited five sets within a circuit of two miles. Those on Mr. Joyce's farm, as well as a set at Kilcrumpher, differ from the others in being lined with stone. We had candles and spades, so that every corner was explored, but no discovery was made except decayed bones, apparently of the ox, and charcoal. In the inner chamber of those on Mr. Joyce's farm I perceived a small square aperture as if to admit air, it did not rise perpendicularly, but sloped upwards at an angle of about seventy degrees. A fourth excavation, near the third at Kilcrumpher, consisted of long galleries only. . . . None of these were connected with ancient entrenchments or forts, though there were several in the immediate neighbourhood, and the remains of two cromlechs. . Some of these had been discovered forty years ago, others recently and accidentally. The country people say that they discover new chambers every year, all of the same shape and size. . . . Finding the accounts given me of those I had visited so correct, and having ascertained that these chambers were all so nearly alike and that nothing was to be found in them, I did not visit more.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 244

St. Bernard's Well pilgrimages at Wallstown

Wallstown · townland · Cork

St. Bernard's Well, the holy well of Wallstown, lay a few yards from Johnny Roche's castle. Pilgrims suffering from various ailments resorted there from time immemorial, decorating the overhanging bushes with coloured ribbons as was customary at holy wells.

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In many of Johnny's works there is evidence of the attentive study he bestowed on his personal convenience ; for instance, we find an old well in the ground floor of the castle which he used for domestic and trade purposes. This well was supplied by means of an underground drain with a stream of water that flows from a rocky slope about twelve feet from the castle, and the surplus water was conveyed off in a sewer, portion of which may still be seen. A few yards from this latter fountain is the holy well of Wallstown, St. Bernard's Well. Pilgrims affected with various ailments have been known to resort thither from time immemorial, and, as is the prevailing practice at such places, have decorated the bushes overhanging the well with a variety of differently-hued ribbons, which gaudy display affords the visitor an index to the reputed sanctity of the waters beneath. At early morn Johnny would often behold beneath his window a motley congregation assembled round the well, and half annoyed at their constant presence, or dreading their pillaging, was wont to exclain in an audible tone, wherein familiarity breathed somewhat of contempt, " It won't leave a vagabond in the country but it will draw round my place ! "
Poverty in his case was unquestionably the reward of genius. The mill was his only practical source of a scanty livelihood, and while it accomplished little more than keeping soul and body together he was contented and gay, and apparently considered wealth and his own welfare as matters only of minor importance.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 103

Synans burial slab discovered at Kilbolane church

Kilbolane · townland · Cork · 1829

In 1829, workmen digging foundations for the Protestant parish church of Kilbolane uncovered a brown sandstone slab bearing the inscription 'The Burial place of the Synans' and the date 1442. The rector, Rev. Jonathan Bruce, had the slab inserted into the western wall of the church, where a broken tombstone with heraldic bearings also lay nearby.

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When digging for the foundations of the present Protestant) parish church of Kilbolanc, in 1S29, the workmen came across a small slab or
(') This lecture, which was "delivered in the Divinity School, Trinity College, Dublin," appeared in the Irish Ecclesiastical Gazette for May 15th, 22nd, and 29th. From its enlightened liberality and breadth of tone, as well as its grace of style, it can be studied with as much pleasure and profit by any educated Catholic as by those for whom it was more immediately intended. The race of Petrie, Reeves, Graves, and Wakeman is not happily extinct.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 303

The 'black stairs' of Blarney Castle's original peel

near Blarney · townland · Cork

The original newel stair of the peel at Blarney Castle survives inside the newer structure, accessed via steps quarried through the wall. It is locally known as 'the black stairs' and leads down to the site of the peel's original entrance door.

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Viewing the great tower from the north as one approaches it from the railway station, a perpendicular slit appears running down the centre of the northern face of the castle from just below the parapet to just above the window of the earl's bedroom. The blocks forming the west side of this slit are plainly coigne stones, and they make and mark the north-east angle of the original tower. The peel never flanked the north side of the addition as it does the west side of it. This is proved by an examination of the newer work (five-sixths of the whole pile) which, with the exception of the spur at the south-east angle and a few minor internal details, is palpably all of one date. The reason the slit does not run either above or below the points indicated is — first, that the present parapet of the peel was built when the watch turret on its north-east pinnacle was altered to suit the height of the newer pile, and that consequently the whole of the parapet along the higher part of the northern face of the keep is of one date ; and second, that the wall of the original baily (or courtyard), which was built at the same time as the peel, was incorporated with the lower part of the mass of the newer pile at the north side over the cliff. It is probable that weathering has had much to do with the slit being so distinctly visible, for it does not appear inside the castle. Approaching the castle from the east, when one enters the keep and goes a short way up the large newel stair (which is placed in the north-east angle of the newer work) and along the passage which leads from it towards the earl's bedroom, on coming to the six steps (opening to the right of the passage) a glance upwards discloses the fact that this staircase has been quarried through the wall. The uppermost of these half a dozen steps opens on the original newel stair of the peel, and a few steps down lands one at the bottom of this stair, locally called " the black stairs." Standing with the back to the window (which is modern), to the left is seen the place where the original entrance door of the peel was, its sill being about ten feet above the level of the ground ; and, I think, there are indications of an opening in the ceiling, and that here was a " murdering-hole," similar to the one still to be seen immediately inside the entrance door of the main building. The lower part of the peel is solid, in which particular it differs from the addition, which is hollow down to the rock on which it stands. Opposite the site of this entrance is a jamb of the original door into what eventually became the earl's bedroom, but which at first was probably the guardroom. This doorway was built up to give wall space for the head of the bed, and the little passage which leads to the present door in the division wall was scooped out of the main wall (at this part very thick)

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 199

Thirty-seven seasons hunting hounds at Clonmult

Clonmult · townland · Cork

Daniel Callaghan entered the service of Mr. Power of Clonmult and hunted his pack for thirty-seven seasons, the longest tenure of his career. He later returned to reside near Clonmult, where he died in 1874.

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master was Mr. Hedges Eyre, of Macroom Castle, whose hounds he hunted for nine seasons, before he entered the service ol Mr. Power, of Clonmult, whose pack he hunted for thirty-seven seasons. He filled a similar post for four years to Mr. Boles, of Springfield, and for fifteen years lie lived with his last master, Mr. Thomas K of Shanagarry. He acted as huntsman to Mr. Keane for some years, and up to the age of 100 rode and trained horses for him, after which he went to reside near Clonmult, where he died in 1874, aged m years. In 1S6S her Majesty the Queen was graciously pleased to accept his photograph, and sent him a gratuity of ^5. Poor Dan! he was a first-rate horseman and won several steeplechases. There was no
2%6

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 138

Tradition of buried gold at Kilcullen graveyard

Kilcullen · electoral division · Cork

An old man pointed out the site of a graveyard at Kilcullen, noting that its stones had been removed for fencing years ago. A local tradition holds that expelled monks from Lodan Abbey buried a cartload of gold near this graveyard, prompting searches for the treasure.

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which must have been brought from some distance ; it is a very hard limestone, and of a kind not found in the district. The people say that the present High Park House occupies the site of one of the Burke castles, and that the red gate was the entrance to it. About a mile north-west of Knockphleimon, a high hill may be noticed. The rocks of which it is composed are very much split and cracked by volcanic action. This hill has no name. It is referred to in the " Indenture of Perambulation, made on 31st August, 1609, between Donat, Earl of Thomond, Bernard, Lord Bishop of Limerick, Sir Francis Barkley, knight, and Sir Thomas Browne, knight, on the one part ; and the Mayor, Sheriffs, and Citizens of Limerick, on the other part," for marking out the boundaries of the county of the city of Limerick by great stones, or other notable signs. In this document this hill is called " the hill south-east of Carrigparson," so that nearly three hundred years ago the hill would seem to have been also nameless. A very short distance to the north-west of this hill is Carrigparson, " the parson's rock," from which the parish takes its name. Lewis says another name for this parish is Willestown, but this name is not used in the district. I have already conjectured that Ballynelye, the name of a parish given in the " Livery of Seisin of the possessions of Peter Walshe of Owney," may be the old name of this parish. Ballynelye I take to mean the town or place of the aileach or stone fort. There is no parish of this name now in Caherconlish district. The people sometimes call Carrigparson Castle hill, which shows that there must have been a castle on or near the rock, though no trace of it is now left. An old man told me he heard a tradition that Pierce Burke was the name of the last occupier, and that the castle lay a little north of the rock. There was a small glebe of five acres a short distance to the west. I could find no tradition of a glebe house, but it was probably from the parson who lived here that the rock came to get its pretty name. The date given in the Walsh document is 1592 ; that of the " Indenture of Perambulation" is 1609. A little distance north-east of the rock is the old graveyard, in which are some remains of the old church. Near the graveyard is portion of a very old road, which formerly ran from Carrigofarrelly Castle, passing close to High Park House and through Carrigparson and Cooleyhenan on to Limerick. Lying between Knockphleimon and the village of Ballyneety is the parish of Kilcullen, " the church of the holly trees." There is no trace now left of the old graveyard of Kilcullen, but an old man pointed out the site of it to me ; the last of the stones, he told me, were removed from it for fencing purposes very many years ago. There is a tradition that when the monks were expelled from Lodan Abbey they buried a cartload of gold near this graveyard, and my informant said he went to seek for this gold some

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 272

Turf basket regulation in Clonakilty

Clonakilty · town · Cork

The Grand Jury found that selling turf in small baskets was a grievance to inhabitants of Clonakilty, as buyers could not know the quantity. Sellers were ordered to bring turf in the statute kish, and any basket containing less than half a statute kish was to be burned by the sergeants-at-mace.

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The Grand Jury, among other duties, had to arrange the market prices of grain. In 1775 they presented that " the middle priced wheat in said town and borrough is sold at forty shillings Irish the quarter, oats at eight shillings the quarter, and barley at ten shillings the quarter of like money." At another time it was presented that a great grievance was done to the inhabitants of the town by the " vending turf in small baskets," so that the buyers were ignorant of the quantity contained in each, and in future the sellers should bring turf in the statute kish, and every basket not containing half a statute kish should be burned by the sergeants-at-mace.
An entry in 1761 tells that Lieutenant Maximilian Favier, of the Royal Scots, took the oaths and subscribed the declaration appointed by law. But it is not noted whether the oaths were those of a burgess. But the greater number of the entries are summons for assaults. Serious crimes were rare, and although the assaults are described in the most alarming language, " did beat, batter, bloodshed and inhumanly strike," no serious results seem to have followed. In 1765 two men were bound in £100 each to appear at the next and each assize to be held in Cork for the space of one year, in case, a certain " Derby Donovan shall dye within twelve kalander months of assault and wounds he received from the said Virgil Johns, Henry Johns, and others." But Derby Donovan, far from dying, lived to fight another day, and not long after was summoned, "for that he did assault, strike, and knock down, Edward White, of Ardford"; and further, when arrested, instead of going peaceably with the constable, his friends rescued him, and there seems to have been a grand general row.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 189

Volunteer medal possibly linked to Limerick Volunteers

Limerick · city · Limerick · 1784

A unique Irish Volunteer medal dated 1784 bears the motto 'A Parliamentary reform or else.' Its similarity in shape to the medal of the Limerick Volunteers suggests it may have belonged to a member of that city's or neighbourhood's Volunteer corps.

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The threat conveyed in the legend upon this medal is similar to that used by a Dublin regiment who labelled their gun " Free trade or this." This medal adds another unique illustration to one of the most interesting and momentous periods ot Irish history. Its similarity in shape to the medal of the Limerick Volunteers is suggestive, and might possibly point to its original ownership by some member of the Volunteers of that city or neighbourhood. On the other hand the character of its art work has more the appearance of having been made in either Belfast, Cork or Dublin ; and the ring of its motto, as if it came from the former city where the Volunteer pulse beat quicker than perhaps in any other part of the country. Who " T. S." was is so far a riddle which must remain to be solved. It is disappointing that the name in full is not on the medal or that of the troop or corps to which it belonged, but otherwise it reminds us of reforms that were required, demanded, and refused, and of the Irish Volunteers, who, having taken up arms to defend their country against foreign invasion, never fulfilled the threat conveyed in the inscription or turned their guns upon the representatives of the Crown, although their just demands were defeated and rejected,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 136

Walsh family monument in Abington chapel

Abington · townland · Limerick · 1618

A small private chapel, all that remains of the abbey of Wonye, contains a monument of the Walsh family with a long Latin inscription now nearly illegible. The monument was erected in 1618 by Lady Ellice Walsh in memory of her husband Sir Edmond Walsh.

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(2) Sir Edmond Walsh was son to Peter Walsh, who died 20th June, 1575, and " was seized in his demesne as of fee of the site and precinct of the late abbey or religious house of Wonye, and of all the castles, messuages, lands and tenements in Wonye, Castleneboynage, Killnenoge, Knockenegurten, Rathreagh a/ias Rathrareg, Kappernowke, Kappicullen, Lesmolane, Kyshecurke, and Aunagh." The abbey of Wonye or Uaithne was founded in 1189 by Theobald Fitzwalter, ancestor of the Ormonde family. It was a daughter of the Cistercian abbey of Savigney, in the diocese of Avranches, Normandy. Some writers say that Fitzwalter was buried in this abbey in 1206 ; others say that in 1204 he gave " two palfreys " for licence to go to England, where he died. He was nephew to Thomas a Becket, and his brother Hubert was made archbishop of Canterbury in 1 193. A small private chapel in a very dilapidated state is all that is left of the abbey of which Dineley gives a sketch. In this chapel there is a monument of the Walsh family with a long Latin inscription now nearly illegible. It was erected in 1618 by Lady Ellice Walsh in memory of her husband Sir Edmond. The old graveyard containing many valuable monuments was destroyed by Philip Stepney Rawson, as he intended building a mansion house on the site of the abbey. It is now a pasture field. Sir George Carew in Pacata Hibernia relates that Rory O'Donnell in his retreat after the battle of Kinsale lost several men when passing over the ford near this abbey. Carew also details at length how O'Donnell had previously eluded him on the way to Kinsale by making a forced march over the Slieve Phelim mountains, lying a little north of the abbey. There is a stone on bridge at Abington inscribed with Walsh arms and an inscription now illegible but given by Dineley.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 255

Abraham Morris almshouse and armorial stone in Blarney Street, Cork

Blarney Street · street · Cork · 1721

A small almshouse in Blarney Street, Cork, was erected for poor aged Protestants and endowed by Abraham Morris in 1721, with an armorial stone bearing the founder's arms built into the wall behind the hall door. The stone, measuring forty-four by thirty-four inches, was obscured by whitewash and dirt, with its motto entirely undecipherable. Abraham Morris was likely a relative of Jonas Morris, mayor of Cork in 1659, who issued one of the earliest known Cork tokens dated 1657.

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The armorial stone here reproduced illustrates very interestingly and locally what we have alluded to. The little almshouse in Blarney Street was endowed, Smith informs us, by " Mr. Jonas Morice for the poor of the people called Quakers." He cannot have visited the place, for his
124 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 76

As the companion tells it

Along here on Blarney Street, a small almshouse was endowed by Abraham Morris in 1721 for poor aged Protestants. An armorial stone bearing the founder's arms is built into the wall behind the hall door. Smith, however, wrote that the place was endowed by Mr. Jonas Morice for the poor of the people called Quakers.

Bishop Crow's tree-lined walks at Cloyne palace demesne

Cloyne · town · Cork

The palace demesne at Cloyne was planted with stately trees by Bishop Crow, some of which still remained at the time of writing. Wide ditches six to eight feet across, planted with timber on both sides, carried gravelled walks along roads and through fields, where the palace party appeared in elaborate attire and the townspeople gathered to watch.

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The palace then was the centre of the refinement of the town and neighbourhood, at least at comparatively early times, and this refinement was from the palace reflected upon all its surroundings. It was probably Bishop Crow who planted the demesne with those stately trees, some of which still remain ; it must have been nobly wooded when they were in their prime. The bishops' lands were not only bounded along the roads) but also traversed round the fields by wide ditches, which mostly still remain, not probably in all their original height or width ; and these ditches, six to eight feet in width, were planted with this timber on both sides ; and in the centre, all along their length by the roads and through the fields, there were made and kept gravelled walks, and along these, in summer time, the palace party used to appear, dressed in the rich and elaborate attire of those days. The whole town used to turn out to gaze on the gay scene, and give and receive words of mutual kindness and recognition. This the old man used to detail with great delight, being no doubt as usual a laudator temporis acii, but also as recalling some of the bright visions of his youth, which sadly contrasted with the sordid and squalid circumstances that marked his declining days. This also was a relic of olden time, when the lord and his lady used to show themselves among their retinue before their old castles. While the remains of feudal glory still lingered around the houses of the great they shared their splendour, they gave back as they could what they had gotten, and as it was given so it was received. The grace of the act ma)- not have been acknowledged by word, but it was recognised in the heart, and the generosity of the act took away all possible feelings of jealousy. All could not be rich, but the reflection of riches was thus cast upon all, and
128 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 78

Bishop Moylan's pastoral letter read in chapels of Cork diocese

Cork · city · Cork · 1798

On 29 April 1798, a pastoral letter from Roman Catholic Bishop Dr. Moylan was read in all chapels of the diocese of Cork, exhorting the people not to be led from their allegiance. It had a salutary effect in preventing many in county Cork from joining the insurgents.

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ladies and children left Muskerry for Cork or England, except some who held on in fortified residences ; and twelve thousand copies of a proclamation were issued, intimating that the military and yeomanry would take vigorous measures to repress disturbances and seize arms. Notwithstanding this, large armed gangs scoured the west of county Cork, searching houses for arms, and robbing indiscriminately. The house of John Gillman, at Milane, near Dunmanway, was one of those attacked, but he had received notice of their approach, and was aided by six soldiers, whose fire killed one and wounded others, of whom one named T. MacCarthy was captured, and soon after executed, after acknowledging at the scaffold the justice of his sentence, which he hoped would be a warning to other deluded persons. On Sunday, 29th April, a pastoral letter from the Roman Catholic bishop, Dr. Moylan, was read in all the chapels of the diocese of Cork, exhorting the people not to be led from their allegiance by the machinations of ill-designing men, which had a salutary effect in preventing many in the county Cork from joining the insurgents. In Dublin, on the following Sunday, the noted Major Sirr captured a committee of United Irishmen at the house of a publican on Rogerson's Quay ; and on the 19th May arrested Lord Edward Fitzgerald, after a desperate struggle, at the house of Murphy, a feather merchant in Thomas Street. Lord Edward died soon after of his wounds then received. The next day Henry and John Sheares, barristers, were taken and committed to gaol on the charge of high treason. For this they were tried, and on the 14th July were executed at the front of the new prison in Dublin. On their fate the ancestor, to whom the writer is indebted for the materials of this sketch, makes this comment : — " Thus fell victims to inordinate ambition two gentlemen of talents and learning, sons of a very worthy and respectable gentleman of Cork, who happily did not live to behold their untimely fate ; their heads were severed and given with their bodies to their friends."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 122

As the companion tells it

As you travel through Cork, you are moving through a city that in 1798 stood at the centre of a tense and violent spring. Ladies and children had left Muskerry for Cork or England, except some who held on in fortified residences. Twelve thousand copies of a proclamation were issued, warning that the military and yeomanry would take vigorous measures to repress disturbances and seize arms. Still, large armed gangs scoured the west of county Cork, searching houses for arms and robbing indiscriminately. The house of John Gillman at Milane, near Dunmanway, was attacked, but he had notice of their approach and was aided by six soldiers. Their fire killed one and wounded others. A man named T. MacCarthy was captured and soon after executed. At the scaffold he acknowledged the justice of his sentence and said he hoped it would be a warning to other deluded persons. Then on Sunday the 29th of April a pastoral letter from the Roman Catholic bishop, Dr. Moylan, was read in all the chapels of the diocese of Cork. It exhorted the people not to be led from their allegiance by the machinations of ill-designing men. The letter had a salutary effect in preventing many in county Cork from joining the insurgents.

Carrigofarrelly Castle tradition of storming and skull find

Caherconlish · town · Limerick

Carrigoreilly or Carrigofarrelly Castle, 'the rock of the O'Farrelly,' is a small square structure with a good view of the surrounding country. Local tradition holds the castle was taken by storm and the last Burke owner slain; a large human skull was found about forty years ago by men sinking a drain near the castle. Lewis says it was last inhabited by the O'Dalys, who were small farmers holding the land.

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shows that there was one, Cnocatancashlane, that is, Cnoc-a-tseanchaislean, " the hill of the old castle." About a mile to the west of Cnocatana Castle is the castle which the people now call Carrigoreilly Castle, but which I have already pointed out in the Journal is Carrigofarrelly, " the rock of the O'Farrelly," with whom I have already dealt. A large portion of this castle is left ; it is a small square structure. A very good view of this part of the country may be had from the summit. There is some tradition in the district of the castle having been taken by storm, and the last Burke owner being slain. About forty years ago a large human skull was found by some men when sinking a drain near the castle. Lewis, following Fitzgerald, says that this castle was last inhabited by the O'Dalys. These O'Dalys were simply small farmers, who held the land on which the castle is built. Fitzgerald's mode of imparting this information is apt to be misleading. I have already pointed out that there is the site of a large earthen fort a short distance to the south of this castle. It is not very often we can get the name of the people who lived in these raths ; but with regard to this one, I think there can be no mistake, for the name of the rock on which the Burkes built their castle points out that it was the O'Farrelly. When this fort was dug out, the field in which it lies, and the site of the fort, were planted with potatoes ; but the people say not a single potato grew on the site of the fort, and that certain misfortunes happened to the men who dug out the fort. The little stream which runs to the east of the castle is known as Sruhane-na-Gcearc, " the stream of the moor-hen." The cearc has long deserted the stream, and the name itself I had some trouble in obtaining. About a mile and a half to the south-west of this castle, and in the townland of Greenane, that is " sunny place," there was another castle on the top of a hill, called Greenane Castle. Only one or two stones of this castle are now left, the rest having been taken away within this century to build houses in the neighbourhood. This castle, Fitzgerald says, was last inhabited by the O'Xunans, but the same remark will apply which I have made with reference to the O'Dalys. A little north of this, and in the townland of Skehard, there is a fort, around which the whitethorns still linger. East of this, not far from Caherconlish rectory, and in Skehard townland, there is a large earn or burial mound ; about half a dozen of the stones which originally surrounded it are left. Fifty years ago, when an attempt was made to dig out this earn for top-dressing, the skeleton of a man was found buried in(4) standing posture. This was quite enough to put a stop to

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 257

Christ face and Warrior head at the Cork Exhibition

Cork · city · Cork · 1883

Visitors to the Cork Exhibition of 1883 could see Richard Barter's remarkable sculpted head contrasting the Christ face with the face of a Warrior. The work was noted as evidence of a power Barter did not always put forth.

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and contents, and especially attractive by the friendliness and bubbling humour of its host. Nor were his days here idle. On the contrary, he never failed in commissions which kept his time fully occupied and his hands and brain engaged in the favourite pursuit. His atelier is stored with models that attest his industry as well as the variety and constructiveness of his fancy. There are innumerable portrait busts. Prominent amongst the imaginative work is a noble terminal figure intended to sustain an electric light in a great hall. His group of " Friends " is a singularly effective combination of animated boyhood with the humorous aspect of animals. The works in the studio are religious, poetical, romantic — they touch the domain of art at most of its gates. The Gahvay peasant and girl constitute a charming idyl. The Christ face, in opposition to the face of the Warrior — visitors to the Cork Exhibition of 1883 may remember the remarkable head — suggests the possession of a power which he did not always care to put forth.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 52

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Cork, this is the city where, in 1883, an exhibition drew visitors to see a remarkable sculpted head by Richard Barter. The work set the Christ face in opposition to the face of the Warrior. Those who saw it may have remembered it as evidence of a power Barter did not always care to put forth. His studio held many other works that attested to his industry. There were innumerable portrait busts, a noble terminal figure meant to sustain an electric light in a great hall, and a group called Friends, combining animated boyhood with the humorous aspect of animals. A Galway peasant and girl formed a charming idyl. His works were religious, poetical, and romantic, touching the domain of art at most of its gates. But it was the head at the Cork Exhibition that hinted at what he could do when he chose to exert himself fully.

Cork citizens enroll in defense corps during invasion scare

Cork · city · Cork · 1796

On news of the French fleet off Bantry Bay, all citizens of Cork capable of bearing arms enrolled themselves in the Loyal Cork Legion or the Royal Cork Volunteers, who undertook the defence of the city and sent members to order in military from surrounding towns.

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The names of such of the members as were then enrolled, and who continued in the 1st troop of Muskerry Cavalry down to 1804, appear on pp. 2, 3 of the present volume. A fuller list in 1799 will appear further on. The orderly books of the corps before 1803 are not known to be now in existence. On 3rd December, 1796, the "gentlemen and yeomen" of East and West Muskerry met again at Macroom, and settled on their plans for keeping the country quiet, and preventing persons from joining the French on their expected descent on the coast of Ireland — a very necessary precaution, for Great Britain, being then at war with France, Spain, and I lolland, had few regular troops to spare for service in Ireland. What the work of the yeomanry was likely then to be, is shown by the capture about that time of an American vessel laden with arms and warlike stores, intended to be landed in this country ; she had on board " twenty thousand stand of arms, sixteen brass cannon with carriages, tumbrils, and every appurtenance for field service, with camp equipage for twenty thousand men." This capture happened opportunely, for on Friday, 23rd December, news reached Cork of a strong French fleet being sighted off Bantry bay. What followed then resembles what happened in England on the news of the Spanish Armada being sighted off the south coast of England ; all citizens capable of bearing arms enrolled themselves among the Loyal Cork Legion, or the Royal Cork Volunteers, who undertook the defence of the city, and sent off members to the different towns in Minister to order in the military there
Augustus-Louis-Carre Warren, eldest son of Sir Robert Warren, first baronet, so created in 1 7S4. Augustus succeeded as second baronet in 181 1 ; he was M.P. for Cork city 1783-1790, and the first captain of the Muskerry corps. He died in 1821, and was succeeded by his son, Sir Augustus, third baronet, who was captain of the corps when re-embodied in 1822.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 120

As the companion tells it

Coming through Cork. In December 1796, this city faced the threat of a French invasion. Britain was at war with France, Spain, and Holland, and had few regular troops to spare for service in Ireland. On the 3rd of December, the gentlemen and yeomen of East and West Muskerry met at Macroom and settled on their plans for keeping the country quiet, and preventing persons from joining the French on their expected descent on the coast of Ireland — a very necessary precaution. Around that same time, an American vessel was captured, laden with arms and warlike stores intended to be landed in this country. She had on board "twenty thousand stand of arms, sixteen brass cannon with carriages, tumbrils, and every appurtenance for field service, with camp equipage for twenty thousand men." This capture happened opportunely. Then on Friday the 23rd of December, news reached Cork of a strong French fleet being sighted off Bantry Bay. What followed then resembles what happened in England on the news of the Spanish Armada being sighted off the south coast of England. All citizens capable of bearing arms enrolled themselves among the Loyal Cork Legion or the Royal Cork Volunteers, who undertook the defence of the city and sent off members to the different towns in Munster to order in the military there.

Doneraile Castle entrusted to Lieutenant John Downing

Doneraile · townland · Cork

Lieutenant John Downing was entrusted by the Lord President with keeping the castle at Doneraile. He was described as singularly useful and active in military services due to his knowledge of the county and the Irish language, though his rigid comportment made him envied by many, especially common soldiers.

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two arch rebels, and some sixty rogues of theirs, who had taken a house or two adjoining the castle, and thence had played on the defendants. To rescue them Captain Jephson, taking with him some thirty of his own troop and thirty of the Lord Inchiquin's (commanded by his cornet Banister), and some ninety musketeers from " Moallowe and Downrayle," under conduct of Lieutenant John Downinge (a man intrusted by the Lord President with the keeping his castle at Downrayle, and singularly useful and active in these kind of services from his knowledge of the county and language, worthy of much esteem were it not for his rigid comportment, which made him open to the envy of many, especially the common soldiers), marched among the rebels unawares, who instantly betook themselves to their heels (in which weapon the)- have more
(IO) Rathgogan Castle stood where the town of Charleville now stands, in the barony of Orrery and Kilmore. Little is known of its ancient history; but the name points to its having been built by the Cogans, as was Kilbolane, soon after the arrival of Strongbow. From them it came to the Earl of Desmond, and was included in his forfeiture ; and was among the lands granted to Hugh Cuffe, one of the undertakers, by grant recited in Fiant, Eliz., No. 5,066, dated 14th November, 1587, wherein it is mentioned as "The castle and lands of Rathgogan, late David Encorig X«)'of the marsh], alias M "Gibbon's lands . . . late the Earl of Desmond's." The text shows that it had passed into the rapacious hands of the first Earl of Cork.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 46

Franciscan convent founded at Waterford by Purcells

Waterford · city · Waterford

About a century after the Norman arrival, Sir Hugh Purcell founded the convent of Franciscan Friars at Waterford, as recorded by Ware. The Purcells were of Norman extraction, arriving in Ireland with Henry II's army in 1172.

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(9) To supplement the scanty information given in a previous note, I have been favoured with the following by Mr. Lyndhurst Purcell of Cork, and Mr. Hewson of Hollywood, county Limerick. The Purcells are of Norman extraction, the name being derived from the porcelle shown in their arms. The first in Ireland arrived in the army of Henry II., in 1172. About a century after Sir Hugh Purcell founded (as Ware relates) the convent of Franciscan Friars at Waterford. When James Butler, first Earl of Ormond, was authorised as Count Palatine of Tipperary to create Palatine Barons, he so created the head of the Loghmoe family, and the Barons of Loghmoe afterwards intermarried with the Butlers of Ormond and other noble families. One of the Loghmoe family settled in Waterford, and left three sons, one of whom remained in Waterford, another settled in Kilkenny, and a third in Croagh, county Limerick. Of this Croagh family was General Purcell mentioned in the text, and Colonel Garret Purcell. Colonel Garret after the war took service in Spain, but returned during the Jacobite war, when he must have been an elderly man." The Purcells of Pullen and Kanturk descend from a Richard Purcell, who married into the Ormond family, and through the duke's interest obtained lands in the plains of Duhailow ; and this family claims the name ot Kanturk, "boar's head," as being derived from the boar's head shewn in their arms and crest, though Smith (bk. ii., ch. vi.) gives a different, but conjectural, account of the origin of the name. Arms, or, a saltire between four boars' heads, sa, couped, gu. Crest, a hand, couped above the wrist, erect, holding a sword vertical, hilted, or, pierced through a boar's head, sa, couped git, the sleeve az, turned up arg.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. ? $

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 46

Goul-na-spurra and the road to Shandon Castle

Cork · city · Cork

Goul-na-spurra, meaning 'the centre of the spur,' was once a very narrow place for the Dublin mail coach to pass through. It led in old times up to Shandon Castle and Lord Barry's country, and is now an open space used by city bands on festive occasions.

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In the last century there was a house and ferry where St. Vincent's Bridge stands ; the house was known as the Lilac House, from a fine lilac tree that overshadowed it. Goule's Weir (or whatever it is called now), across the river above the Lee Mills, belonged, with the fishery thereof, to the monks of Shandon Abbey in times long past. The Dole House belonging to the abbey stood to the east of North Abbey Square where the lane runs up to the rock steps, and it was the place where the monks doled out charity in food or clothing to the poor. It had a little stream from the river leading to a water-gate of its own, but I know of nothing of interest in connection with it, though I know that some of the silver vessels of the abbey are still in existence. Goul-na-spurra, " the centre of the spur," did not form an ornament to our city at that time; it was once a very narrow place for the mail coacli to Dublin to pass through ; it
264 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCH/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 155

As the companion tells it

As the road passes through Cork, you are coming up to Goul-na-spurra, meaning the centre of the spur. It was once a very narrow place for the Dublin mail coach to pass through. In old times it led up to Shandon Castle and Lord Barry's country. Now it is an open space used by city bands on festive occasions. Near here, where St. Vincent's Bridge stands, there was a house and ferry known as the Lilac House, from a fine lilac tree that overshadowed it. Goule's Weir, across the river above the Lee Mills, belonged with its fishery to the monks of Shandon Abbey in times long past. The Dole House of the abbey stood to the east of North Abbey Square, where the lane runs up to the rock steps. There the monks doled out charity in food or clothing to the poor. It had a little stream from the river leading to a water-gate of its own. Some of the silver vessels of the abbey are still in existence.

Union of the Sees of Cork and Cloyne in 1429

Cloyne · town · Cork · 1429

Due to the FitzGeralds plundering the richly endowed temporalities of the see of Cloyne, the resulting poverty necessitated the union of the sees of Cork and Cloyne. This union occurred around 1429, with Jordan Purcell appointed bishop of the united sees.

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In some notices of blessed Thaddeus it is mentioned he was persecuted on account of the disturbances caused by Simnel and Perkin Warbeck. There is no proof that he was concerned in Simnel's cause. The latter only arrived in Cork from Lisbon in 1492, when blessed Thaddeus was away from Ireland ; indeed there is no evidence that he ever "enjoyed possession " of the sees of Cork and Cloyne; the contrary appears to be the case. The FitzGeralds had most part of the diocese of Cloyne and part of Cork under their control ; the Cork portion they obtained by marriage with the heiress of De Cogan. They were anxious for and succeeded from time to time in filling the see of Cloyne, and afterwards the united sees of Cork and Cloyne with their own relatives or adherents. Undoubtedly, they made many religious foundations ; for example, the collegiate church of Youghal, the convents of Dominicans and Franciscans in the town ; but still they laid their hands on the temporalities of the diocese of Cloyne, which was richly endowed, so that the poverty of the see caused by such plunder was the occasion for the union of Cork and Cloyne, which took place only a little before, in 1429, when Jordan Purcell was, on the 15th of June, appointed bishop of the united sees. Dr. Maziere Brady gives, in Records of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, vol. iii., a very interesting history of the property of the see of Cloyne. The McCarthys being powerful rivals, and Thaddeus being of that family, was the real cause of his trouble. The troubles of the times and distance from Rome favoured them. Bishop Jordan had not either a quiet time of it. William Roche, archdeacon of Cloyne, aided by Gerald, a clergyman of the same diocese, and of the family of the FitzGeralds, managed by false representations to have himself appointed coadjutor to Bishop Jordan. Jordan having appealed to the Pope and king, had him removed. On Jordan's death, William Roche tried, on the plea of being coadjutor with right of succession, to succeed, but was not successful. In 1479 William Roche was appointed, and on his resignation, in 1490, Thaddeus was appointed on the 21st of April to the sees of Cork and Cloyne.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 288

Bishops' tolls and town governance in Cloyne

Cloyne · town · Cork

The bishops of Cloyne held the tolls of the town, operated an ecclesiastical court as the original fount of local justice, and oversaw sanitation. Not long before the See house was vacated, the bishop granted the tolls to the town for the benefit of the poor.

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The bishops of the day were the lords paramount of the place, the more so as the government had but very defective arrangements made for law and police, and the bishops had inherited by law and custom various rights and privileges. The old ecclesiastical court, not so long since closed, was probably the original fount of local justice, which gradually gave way to the more elaborate arrangements of the civil power. The bishops had also the tolls of the town, no inconsiderable heritage at one time ; and not vet')- long before the See house was vacated by its last bishop these tolls were granted by the bishop of the day to the town, for the benefit of the poor. I have seen a copy of the grant.
126 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 77

Abbey of Ross and Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy

near Ross · parish · Cork · 1465–1475

The ancient Benedictine abbey of Ross depended on the Irish monastery of St. James Wurtiburg. Thaddeus McCarthy, described as being of the diocese of Cork, was listed as abbot of St. James from 1465 to 1475, though this was likely a different person.

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fire in the seventeenth century, when the episcopal archives were burnt. He encloses the above Latin lines, and also enquires concerning the county and life of blessed Thaddeus. Dr. Renehan in his reply, at the request of Archbishop Murray, also stated that he went abroad at an early age and embraced the monastic state. His virtues and piety soon attracted the notice of his brethren, as manifest from their chronicles ; that he repaired to Rome to receive episcopal consecration before returning to his own country from Innocent VIII, who was attracted by his virtues. I presume Dr. Renehan had not at his disposal when he wrote what are now at our disposal, otherwise he would have known the date of his consecration under Pope Sixtus, not Innocent. Regarding the monastic state, there is no mention of it in his bulls. Indeed the ancient abbey of Ross, Benedictine, depended on the Irish monastery of St. James Wurtiburg. In the list of abbots of the latter, Thaddeus was abbot from 1465 to 1475. It can scarcely be our Thaddeus, as he would be only ten years of age in 1465. I scarce think he was from Kerry, as he is distinctly described as of the diocese of Cork.
(To be continued).

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 293

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Ross in Cork, you are passing the parish of an ancient Benedictine abbey, now gone, that once depended on the Irish monastery of St. James at Wurtiburg. Its story became tangled with that of Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy. Thaddeus is described as being of the diocese of Cork, not Kerry. He went abroad at an early age and embraced the monastic state. His virtues and piety soon attracted the notice of his brethren, as their chronicles show. He repaired to Rome to receive episcopal consecration before returning to his own country. Dr. Renehan, writing at the request of Archbishop Murray, said this consecration came from Pope Innocent the Eighth, who was attracted by Thaddeus's virtues. But later records show the consecration was under Pope Sixtus, not Innocent. The bulls make no mention of his monastic state. In the list of abbots of St. James Wurtiburg, a Thaddeus appears from 1465 to 1475. But this can scarcely be our Thaddeus, as he would have been only ten years of age in 1465. The question of his county and life was raised in letters after a fire in the seventeenth century, when the episcopal archives were burnt.

Bronze spear found in tumulus in Ash townland

Ash · street · Kerry

A bronze spear was found in a tumulus in Ash townland, as referenced in the article on County Louth antiquities. A bronze sword was similarly found in the Greenmount tumulus.

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arc only found at rare intervals. The bronze spear found in the tumulus in Ash townland, and the bronze sword in the Greenmount one, has been referred to. Hut unfortunately all articles, if not of intrinsic value, are often thrown away or lost by the finders. Last year a man ploughing in a field, called Carracushin, near the back-gate of Fanevalley, came upon a flagstone, which on bein^" raised disclosed an earthenware jar. This, the most valuable thing, was at once smashed in pieces by the man, who hoped to find a treasure, but there were only bones, and what from the description given by him was a small bronze pin. With the help of the man himself rooting about the place, I was able to recover some fragments of the jar and a few of the bones, but the bronze pin was never found again, though I offered a reward. Mr. Byrne, the firmer who owned the field, had it searched for, but unsuccessfully. These cinerary urns(,) are sometimes found and always contain bones, and generally some article belonging, it may be supposed, to the person whose bones are buried there. The bones are necessarily not entire, but are either broken into fragments, burnt or reduced to powder.
I hope that any one now present who may hear of any discoveric of these or any other ancient remains will endeavour, as far as possible, to ensure their preservation until they can be deposited in a place of safety. The rules regarding such finds give to the finder a certain and even liberal reward, more than the mere intrinsic value of the article, so that no one need be afraid that he will be a loser who finding any relic 11I past ages entrusts his secret to his nearest antiquarian neighbour, so that no chance may he lost of presen in;', everything that turns up which may throw some light on the history and customs of times hidden from us by the lapse of a;

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 235

Call to Irish lords to support Bishop Thaddeus

near Blarney · townland · Cork · 1492

The Pope called upon several Irish nobles, including Florence McCarthy, prince of Carbery, and Cormac Thadeus of Blarney, to assist Thaddeus in taking physical possession of his episcopal see.

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and Edmund, brothers, and the subjects of the foresaid city and university, besides Philip 0'Ronayne,(4) cleric of the diocese of Cork, and in the fullest manner censures them from his own knowledge for hindering Thaddeus in the possession of his diocese. His Holiness calls upon all archbishops, bishops, chapters and laity, etc., to carry out all the ceremonies of excommunication against the foregoing. His Holiness also calls upon all archbishops, bishops, prelates and the beloved sons, the noble Gerald, Earl of Kildare, and Florence McKarryg, prince of Carbery, and Tadeus, prince of Desmond, and Cormac the son of Tadcus, and young Donald McKarryg, and Maurice Roche, and their brothers, sons, and subjects, to assist Thaddeus in the possession of his see. His Holiness also mentions that he has heard that Thaddeus cannot approach the cities or churches of Cork and Cloyne, and declares that every act of his has the same power as if performed in the churches of Cork and Cloyne. In this bull of the Pope we sec plainly shown the jealousy of the FitzGeralds and their adherents ; they do not wish to have a McCarthy in the episcopal see of Cork and Cloyne. On the other hand we see the Pope calls on the Earl of Kildare, lord lieutenant of Ireland, and whose daughter was married to McCarthy Reagh, to come to the aid of Thaddeus ; on Florence himself, prince of Carbery; Tadeus, prince of Desmond (McCarthy Mor ; Cormac Thadeus, of Blarney, and young Donald McCarthy Reagh, and Maurice Roche.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 291

Carrigadrohid parade ground of Muskerry Cavalry

Carrigadrohid · townland · Cork · 1805

Carrigadrohid served as the parade ground for the Muskerry Cavalry and Infantry, where monthly inspections took place, summoned by letter. In June 1805, Lt-Col Morrison ordered the legion under arms there for inspection and to fire three rounds of blank cartridge per man.

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The parade ground of the Muskerry Cavalry and Infantry was Carrigadrohid, and here their monthly inspection took place, to which they were summoned by letter. Here is one such dated June i, 1805—
" Lieut. -Colonel Morrison's compliments to Captain Comt- Warren, and begs he will have the goodness to have the Muskerry Legion, under his command, under arms at Carrigadrohid, at 12 o'clock on Wednesday, the 12th of June, for his monthly inspection, and to fire three rounds of blank cartridge per man, which will be obtained in Cork by applying to the Adjutant-General.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 12

Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society

The stories, best first

Castle at bottom of Lough Gur linked to crannog tradition

Castlelyons used as refuge during the rebellion

City wall traces at Christchurch Lane, Cork

Cork illuminated for Pius IX Episcopal Jubilee

Courts held at the king's old castle, Cork

Cromwell confiscates Brittas property

Dole House of Shandon Abbey near North Abbey Square

Doneraile borough incorporated and parish church rebuilt

Duhallow Hunt Cup race over Mallow course

Dundannion Castle ruined tower

Earthen fort Cnocaun O'Kinnealey near Caherconlish

Edward Webber and the Mardyke Walk, Cork

Fairy piper heard at Carrigafeepera in Boskill

Father Horgan's round towers at Waterloo and Whitechurch

Founding of Cistercian abbey of Maur in Myross

Founding of Ludden abbey under King Stephen

Gentlemen's association formed at Moviddy against robbers

Glanworth lands granted to Flemming and Roche

Guard placed on great bridge over the Blackwater at Mallow

Gullawns and stone arrangement at Smyrna Cottage, Donoughmore

House-to-house arms search in Cork city, June 1798

John Silver's bequest for Youghal almshouse

Kildromin church founded by Knights Templars, 1291

Knockainy as prehistoric capital of Munster

Knockeen Caves and Poul Eyon Legend

Lott Peere admitted freeman of Youghal and Cork

Lough Corrib: Manannan's flood myth and Orbsen's grave

Lough Gur and the ancient tribes of Small County

Macroom force threatened English positions in Cork and Mallow

McCarthy's horse casts a shoe at Ball's Bridge

Muskerry Cavalry yeomanry corps in 1798 rebellion duties

Samuel Townesend of Whitehall on Roaring Water Bay

Silver-gilt chalices from Shandon Abbey

Sir William Sarsfield fined as mayor of Cork for refusing reformed service

Skehard burial mound with skeleton in standing posture

Souterrain at Deelish and the Firbolg tradition

Souterrains examined near Carrigtwohill

St. Bernard's Well pilgrimages at Wallstown

Synans burial slab discovered at Kilbolane church

The 'black stairs' of Blarney Castle's original peel

Thirty-seven seasons hunting hounds at Clonmult

Tradition of buried gold at Kilcullen graveyard

Turf basket regulation in Clonakilty

Volunteer medal possibly linked to Limerick Volunteers

Walsh family monument in Abington chapel

Abraham Morris almshouse and armorial stone in Blarney Street, Cork

Bishop Crow's tree-lined walks at Cloyne palace demesne

Bishop Moylan's pastoral letter read in chapels of Cork diocese

Carrigofarrelly Castle tradition of storming and skull find

Christ face and Warrior head at the Cork Exhibition

Cork citizens enroll in defense corps during invasion scare

Doneraile Castle entrusted to Lieutenant John Downing

Franciscan convent founded at Waterford by Purcells

Goul-na-spurra and the road to Shandon Castle

Union of the Sees of Cork and Cloyne in 1429

Bishops' tolls and town governance in Cloyne

Abbey of Ross and Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy

Bronze spear found in tumulus in Ash townland

Call to Irish lords to support Bishop Thaddeus

Carrigadrohid parade ground of Muskerry Cavalry