Name: Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society
Author: Cork Historical and Archaeological Society

Cork garrison kept under arms on alarm of rising

Cork · city · Cork · 1798

On 17 March 1798, the entire garrison at Cork was kept under arms all night by General Myers on an alarm that a rising was to take place there, and the yeomanry patrolled in strong bodies.

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About this time the shadow of the coming rebellion of 1798 began to spread over the country, and some foul murders were committed by misguided men, notably that of Mr. St. George Mansergh at Castle Uniacke, the scat of his host, Mr. Jasper Uniacke, who was murdered with him. The former had made himself very active in trying to keep the country quiet at Araglin, near Kilworth, and had defied the local insurgent leader known as "Captain Doc." Castle Uniacke was attacked on 9th February, when there were no arms in it, and both gentlemen were killed. The committee in the barony of Condons and Clangibbon got the necessary information, and the leaders were taken, tried and executed at the spot on 16th April. In Muskerry, at Blarney, on 25th March, the house of Rev. Mr. Stopford was attacked and thoroughly searched for documents which he was suspected to have. Mr. Stopford had barely time to get out of bed and escape through a back window ; he hid himself for an hour in a wet ditch where he lay with his shirt off fearing it would attract attention. He finally got refuge in Blarney Castle. The Muskerry corps, on information, arrested some alleged to be of the attacking gang, but the real culprits were not taken till 1799. Meetings were now held all over the country to raise voluntary subscriptions to help Government in procuring means of defence against invasion, and enormous sums were quickly subscribed. On 13th March the Provincial Committee of the United Irishmen for Leinster were, on information received, arrested at Mr. Oliver Bond's house in Bridge Street, Dublin, Lord Edward Fitzgerald just escaping arrest then ; and on the 17th the whole garrison at Cork were kept by General Myers under arms all night on an alarm that a rising was to take place there, and the yeomanry patrolled in strong bodies. About 5th April a circular was sent to the captain of the Muskerry Yeomanry, and all others, requesting them to suggest to their companies the necessity of their coming under permanent pay and performing all the duty of their respective districts, so that the militia and regular forces should be concentrated to meet emergencies. This was acceded to, and

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 122

As the companion tells it

You are coming through Cork. In March 1798 the shadow of the coming rebellion had begun to spread over the country. Murders had been committed by misguided men. Mr. St. George Mansergh was killed at Castle Uniacke, the seat of his host, Mr. Jasper Uniacke, who was murdered with him. Mansergh had made himself active trying to keep the country quiet at Araglin, near Kilworth, and had defied the local insurg leader known as Captain Doc. Castle Uniacke was attacked on 9 February, when there were no arms in it, and both gentlemen were killed. The leaders were taken, tried, and executed at the spot on 16 April. In Muskerry, at Blarney, on 25 March, the house of the Reverend Mr. Stopford was attacked and searched for documents he was suspected to have. He barely had time to get out of bed and escape through a back window. He hid for an hour in a wet ditch with his shirt off, fearing it would attract attention, and finally got refuge in Blarney Castle. The real culprits were not taken until 1799. On 13 March the Provincial Committee of the United Irishmen for Leinster were arrested at Mr. Oliver Bond's house in Bridge Street, Dublin, and Lord Edward Fitzgerald just escaped arrest then. And on the 17th the whole garrison at Cork were kept by General Myers under arms all night on an alarm that a rising was to take place there, and the yeomanry patrolled in strong bodies. About 5 April a circular was sent to the captain of the Muskerry Yeomanry, and all others, requesting them to suggest to their companies the necessity of their coming under permanent pay and performing all the duty of their respective districts, so that the militia and regular forces should be concentrated to meet emergencies. This was acceded to.

Folk belief in Cork about horse hair turning into eels

Cork · city · Cork

In Cork, it is traditionally believed that if the long hairs of a horse's tail are placed in water, they will turn into eels after a certain number of days. The author uses this local belief to argue that the eel was historically considered a sacred fish in Ireland.

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tongue, 7/^- ^r/«« rt n-diaidh na fearthana, "Sunshine follows rain.'' Soon the wonderful Gaelic language will be valued, and soon our priceless myths will be studied and unravelled, and then a bright light will shine from ancient Erin, from a land which is saturated with the dews of ages, on the working of Almighty Power, during the dark aeons of prehistoric time. The root of Dirra is the Sanscrit da, " water." This old Celtic or Sanscrit word occurs, as I have already pointed out, in the names of these rivers flowing into the Black Sea. Vera or Bera also comes from an old word signifying " water." It occurs in Sanscrit var, " a cloud"; varsha, "rain"; Irish, imber, " river mouth "; Latin, imber, "rain"; Greek, Bp«vw, "to make wet"; Latin pluvium, "rain," for "p"and "b" interchange as do also "1" and "r"; in Welsh, gwlaw, "rain"; in Irish, fearthuinn, "rain." The root ber can be still further reduced, for by taking the Hebrew Be'er "a fountain" (the Irish lobar ox do-od-bur), we get the root er by dropping the "b," a formative letter. This root er is one of the oldest roots in Celtic or any other language. It took the form it in ancient Babylon, where II was the chief deity, and from him the city was named Babylon, that is, Bab-Il, the Gate of II, or water personified and deified. In both Assyria and Babylon the second place was held by the same triad of gods, Anu, Bel and Ea. Anu, I think, represents " the earth"; Bel, " fire"; and Ea perhaps " air.' We have much the same arrangement in Eriu. Aine is the earth, or seed goddess, and she is the daughter of Manannan MacLir, the god of water in pagan Ireland. Aine is the Norse Freya, the Roman Venus, the Greek Aphrodite, who both sprung from the foam of the sea, and in whose names is the old root er. In the rearranged Babylonian system Aine corresponds to Ishtar, the goddess of love, of beauty, and of war in Babylon, as was Aine in Ireland. In Finnic mythology II was also the chief deity, and in that language II Ja, which means "son" or "begotten " of II or water, is the word for eel. In Irish, eascu is the word for eel. Cu, as I have already pointed out in the Journal, is an old word signifying "begotten" or "begetting." It occurs in the Welsh laden, "grandfather," and Welsh mangu, "grandmother." The eel must have been a saCred fish in Ireland, for in Cork it is still believed that if the long hairs of a horse's tail be placed in water they will, after a certain number of days, be changed into eels. Major-General Stubbs in his interesting paper regards Cu Chulaind as a real personage, and probably I myself stand alone in regarding him as altogether mythical, and alone also in the meaning I give to his name, which I consider not to signify "hound of Culaind," but "son or begotten of Culaind." Culaind, according to the myths, was a de Danand smith, whose hound Cu Chulaind slew, but Culaind, it seems to me, was the fire god, succeeded by the sun god Cu Chulaind. Culaind is the Smith Weyland of German mythology, the Smith Wieland or Volundr of Norse mythology, the Hsephsestus of Greek, the Vulcan of Roman, and the Vul of Babylonian mythology. In Babylon Vul was the god of the atmosphere. But do we not read in Roman mythology, as rendered by Milton, that he dropped from the zenith like a falling star on Lcmnos, the . i Isle. Vul and eul, the root of Culaind, are exactly the same, for our language did not like the labial sound, and represented it by the guttural "a" Compare Irish cruimthir with Latin presbyter, Irish case with Greek and Latin pose, Easter; Irish corcur with English purple. The November, or rain month, in Hebrew is namfrom Bui, "rain," and the word also denotes "a sprout," so I think we might consider the root originally denoted the creative principle cf nature which came from a primary root bit "to produce." In Hebrew one of the words, adamah for "earth "is to be reduced to a root ad, signifying "water,'' and Adam was the name given to man formed from this earth, or adamah. This coincides with what geologists and astronomers tell us of this world of ours, which was once, they say, a fluid mass which gradually

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 306

Founding of the Duhallow Hunt at Cecilstown, 1800

Cecilstown · townland · Cork · 1800

On 29 September 1800, gentlemen met at Cecilstown to found the Duhallow Hunt, resolving to meet and dine there on the first Monday of every month. Rules for subscriptions, balloting, uniforms, and governance were established, with provision to move dining to Mallow until proper accommodation was provided at Cecilstown.

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That a club be formed, to consist of the following members, to be called the Duhallow Hunt, and to meet and dine at Cecilstown the first Monday in every month.
That the yearly subscription of each member be two [two scratched out and "three" put in pencil over the two] guineas, to be paid in advance on or before the first Monday in November in each year.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 33

Gortnagoul townland at the fork of the Deel river

Gortnagoul · townland · Cork

Gortnagoul townland, meaning "The field or garden at the fork" of the Deel river, absorbed the former Ballynablay townland. The name Ballynablay itself was traditionally linked to the Easter custom of decorating trees with eggshell blossoms.

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The tradition that the sun, at its rising, dances on Easter Sunday is universal. In former times it is told that the people, after their breakfast of Easter eggs, decorated the trees with the shells, as blossoms, in honour of the occasion. There is a small townland in the parish of Kilbolane, in Orrery and Kilmore barony, which is said to derive its name of Ballynablay (B4jle-r)4-bl4t, i.e. " The town of the Blossoms," and now sometimes written " Blossomville,") from this custom. Ballynablay townland is now merged in that of Gortnagoul — oofuc r]4 54b4l, i.e. " The field or garden at the fork " of the Deel river.
Holy Week also brings in the (folk-lore) history <j) of the Daire Daol (the forfecula oleus), one of the coleoptera. When the Saviour of

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 99

Grand Parade Canal and Tuckey's Bridge

Grand Parade · street · Cork

A canal once existed on the Grand Parade, by which people crossed over Tuckey's Bridge to the eastern side. Another bridge stood where the water ran into the South Channel, with its arch still visible at the back of the little green.

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Cross Street Bridge at the east end of the Franciscan Friary ; Austen's Lane Bridge, now under the Dispensary ; one in Paradise Place at the west end of the Ship Dock, which was the original "Cork Arms"; one in front of "Ye Oueenes Old Castel," on the Grand Parade. Patrick Street was open in the last century. There is a bridge opposite Drawbridge Street by the statue of Father Mathew, and one ought to be opposite Marlborough Street. That stream, now called a main sewer, runs into the North Channel, near Patrick's Bridge, as the arch there is plain enough to be seen. There was a canal on the Grand Parade, by which people crossed over Tuckey's Bridge to the eastern side ; there must be another at the end where the water ran into the South Channel, the arch of it is at the back of the little green. Warren's Place was open in the last century, and of course there was a bridge or two to cross over to Lapp's Island; one of these bridges was in a line with the east end of George Street. There was a stream at the upper end of Grattan Street, over which there stood a couple of bridges ; the arch of that stream is on Bachelor's Quay at northern end. The street was called after Admiral Duncan, in honour of Camperdown, but it has gone back to its old name again. There is a hidden bridge at the end of the Coal Quay, where the water ran into the Coal Quay dock. There is one opposite the Cork Distilleries Company where the water ran into Copley's Dock. There are several hidden bridges on the Watercourse Road, which were not covered in until little more than fifty years ago. " The Roaring Bridge " was about opposite O'Connell Street, and there are at least two more somewhere about, one was at the back of Lady's Well Brewery, which I remember well myself. There is also a hidden bridge at the river end of Nelson Place, where the water ran into the Old Custom House Dock. But I think I have given you more than enough of them to prove that Cork is a city of many bridges, for strangers and even citizens walk and ride over them, unconsciously of course, for bicycles are more interesting than bridges. In conclusion, I may remark that I did not count five wooden bridges across the South Channel, of which the College Bridge is one, nor four on Prospect Place (two of stone and two of wood), as they belong to the Lee Mills. Nor did I count a stone bridge of two arches over the stream at Wise's Distillery, for there are enough without them to prove that the Beautiful City of Cork resembled at one time (in a small way) Beautiful Venice, the Queen of the Adriatic.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 284

As the companion tells it

Along here on the Grand Parade, there was once a canal. People crossed over Tuckey's Bridge to reach the eastern side. The water ran along this street, and at the end where it met the South Channel, there was another bridge. The arch of that bridge is still at the back of the little green. The stream that fed these bridges is now called a main sewer, but it was open water in the last century. The passage that records this lists bridge after bridge across Cork. There was one in front of what the record calls "Ye Oueenes Old Castel" on the Grand Parade itself. There was one opposite Drawbridge Street by the statue of Father Mathew. There was one at the end of the Coal Quay, where the water ran into the Coal Quay dock, and one opposite the Cork Distilleries Company where the water ran into Copley's Dock. There were several hidden bridges on the Watercourse Road, not covered in until little more than 50 years before the record was written. The writer says that strangers and even citizens walk and ride over these bridges, unconsciously, because, as he puts it, "bicycles are more interesting than bridges." He says he did not count 5 wooden bridges across the South Channel, nor 4 on Prospect Place, 2 of stone and 2 of wood, nor a stone bridge of 2 arches over the stream at Wise's Distillery. He says there are enough without them to prove that Cork resembled at one time, in a small way, "Beautiful Venice, the Queen of the Adriatic."

Hore Abbey and its Cistercian conversion

Hore Abbey · ecclesiastical site · Tipperary · 1269

In 1269 Archbishop David Maccanvill expelled the Benedictine monks from Hore Abbey and installed Cistercians, granting them Glankeen. The abbey enjoyed livings at Railstown and Lismolin, and its principal mill was at Camas on the Suir, as the abbey's marshy site near Cashel could not support one.

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in the year 1269, when Archbishop David Maccanvill turned the Benedictine monks out of Hore Abbey and placed therein Cistercians, he granted Glankeen to them. Hore Abbey also enjoyed the livings of Railstown and Lismolin in this diocese, and other spiritual as well as temporal possessions, including several mills, the principal of which was at Camas on the Suir ; their abbey, being in a low marsh near Cashel, could have no mill immediately attached to it. In Kilcooley the land about the abbey was almost as low, but, by forming a large lake, the monks appear to have provided themselves with a fall of water and a
Hore Abbey.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 151

Killin cromleac and stone circles in parish of Kane

Killin · townland · Louth

A cromleac at Killin in the parish of Kane had its covering stone split up to make gate-posts. It is associated with stone circles and is more of a kistvaen than a cromleac, with a flat flag forming a cover to a chamber.

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I have before alluded to a cromleac at Killin, in the parish of Kane, the covering stone of which was split up to make gate-posts. Now, you will sec from the sketch in Louthiana (book iii., plate 6) that it is quite different from the Ballymascanlan one. In fact, though I have given a
(2) The Irish spelling is " Lios mheilghe." It lies in the townland of Drumbilla. The names might be more correctly spelt Drumvilla and Lisvilla.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 234

Kingdom of Cork Subjected to Tribute in 1172

Cork · city · Cork · 1172

Upon the arrival of the English, Cork operated as an independent kingdom under Diarmud, king of Cork or Desmond. In 1172, Diarmud subjected his kingdom to yearly tribute to Henry II.

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I have mentioned the FitzGeralds as being so powerful in the diocese of Cloyne, now we turn our attention to the McCarthys. On the arrival of the English, Cork was a kingdom in itself. Diarmud, king of Cork, or Desmond, subjected his kingdom to yearly tribute to Henry II., anno 1172. This kingdom comprised all the country between Lismore and Brandon hills in Kerry, and the county of Cork, and the western parts of Waterford. According to the Abbe MacGeoghegan, Hist, of Ireland, that if regard be had to primogeniture and seniority of descent, the McCarthy family is the first in Ireland. Long before the oldest royal European families, Cormac McCarthy was bishop-king of Munster. The late Sir Bernard Burke writes: — "Few, if any, pedigrees in the British Empire can be traced to a more remote or exalted source than that of the Celtic house of McCarthy. They held at least the title of king

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 288

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, this was once a kingdom in itself. When the English arrived, Diarmud was king of Cork, or Desmond. In 1172 he subjected his kingdom to yearly tribute to Henry the Second. His kingdom stretched across all the country between Lismore and Brandon hills in Kerry, the county of Cork, and the western parts of Waterford. The McCarthys ruled here. According to the Abbe MacGeoghegan, if regard be had to primogeniture and seniority of descent, the McCarthy family is the first in Ireland. Long before the oldest royal European families, Cormac McCarthy was bishop-king of Munster. The late Sir Bernard Burke writes that few, if any, pedigrees in the British Empire can be traced to a more remote or exalted source than that of the Celtic house of McCarthy. They held at least the title of king.

Large human bones unearthed near Bouchaill-brege pillar-stone

Knockroe · townland · Limerick · 1829

During excavations at Knockroe in 1829, a quantity of human bones of unusually large size were unearthed near the pillar-stone called Bouchaill-brege, meaning 'the lying or deceptive boy,' which resembles a man from a distance.

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Iaudden. — Mr. Lynch promises " some interesting items about this parish." I would draw attention to a line of pillar-stones known in this locality as ligautis, only four of which remain in situ, between the stone circle on the summit of Knockroe (six hundred feet high) in that parish, and the chief circle of Lough Gur, four miles and a quarter distant. The first stone on the top of Knockroe is called Bouchaill-brege ; the second, close to the ancient road from Limerick to Cork, called Boherligaun, is one mile from Bouchaill-brege ; the third called Cloghligaun, also close to the road, is a quarter of a mile from number two, and number four is ninety perches from number three. They are all conglomerate, a stone not common in this district. A straight line from number one and two will cross the Camoge River at a ford near the ancient friary, called Ballinabratherbeg, and will strike the large stone circle at Lough Gur. A line from number one and three and four will also cross the river near the ford, and will strike the large pillar-stone at paddock hill (see Journal, July, 1895). I may add that the stone circle on the summit of Knockroe was almost destroyed in the year 1829 by the proprietor of the lands, who erected a turret almost on its site to commemorate Catholic Emancipation, which fell to the ground last spring. In the excavations made at that time a quantity of human bones of au unusually large size were unearthed near the pillar-stone known as Bouchaill-brege, i.e., "the lying or deceptive boy," as this stone presents the appearance of a man from a distance. Some thirty years ago an old man informed me that "in the ould ancient times two giants lived in the neighbourhood ; one had his stronghold at Lough Gur and the other at Knockroe, and having a bit of a falling out began to pelt stones at one another, and sure the ligauns are there to this day. They kilt one another in the long run, and one is buried under the Bouchaill-brege and the other at Lough Gur." As Grange Hill, some five hundred feet high, intervenes between the stone circles at Lough Gur and on the summit of Knockroe,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 259

Ludden parish identified with Lothian and mythic Lodan

Ludden · parish · Limerick

The author identified the parish of Ludden near Caherconlish with Lothian and with Lodan, a figure connected to the Tuatha Dé Danann. The 'learned Lodan' was father of Sinann, the heroine of the Shannon legend, linking the parish name to mythological tradition.

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Dineley gives a copy of inscription on a mural tablet in Caherconlish church, erected in memory of Lady Ingoldsby, wife to Sir George Ingoldsby, of Bally bricken Castle, near Caherconlish, and daughter to James Gould (or Gold), Second Justice of Minister in 1600, to whom belonged Ludclen Castle, near Caherconlish. In a future number I hope to be able to lay before the readers of the Journal some interesting items concerning the parish of Ludden. At present I shall merely state that I have succeeded in identifying Ludden with Lothian, a name which the " Grand Old Man " has made so familiar to us, and with Lodan, a very well-known name connected with our de Danann friends ; the " learned Lodan " was father of Sinann, the heroine of the Shannon (l) legend.
(1) Many fanciful derivations have been given of the name Shannon. Cormac MacCuillennain explains it as being from scan, "old," and abhain, "a river." Ptolemy writes the names Senos, which, by dropping the Greek affix, gives the root sen, which occurs in many river names, and means "water" or "river;" for example, in Sequana, old name of Seine, in Samar (now Somme) and Morning Star of Limerick, Sebethus, Selinus, Selleis, in which the 11 has become // Sena (now Nevola), Senones, name of a tribe in Gaul; Siris (now Sinno), Serus, and many others; Su in Turkish means "water"; Sen (or Se) is connected with tan, ti, or te, another fruitful river formative. It occurs in Tiber, Tigris, Tagus, Tanus, Tanarus, Tanager, Tamesis (now Thames), Tees, Tay, and numerous other river names; also in Irish, Tiobraid, which properly means "water flowing from a well." Tan has become Dan in Danube, Dneiper, Dneister, Don, Dineen in Kilkenny, etc. Ti occurs in the names of many Indo- China rivers. The rules of ellipsis in Irish grammar explain the retention or assimilation of the 11. The river which Ptolemy however calls Senos may not be the present Shannon, and I think it is not. The river which he calls Dur seems

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 223

March from Castlelyons to Cork city, 1642

Castlelyons · town · Cork · 1642

On 8 March, Lord President and Colonel Lanester marched their forces from Castle Lyons to the city of Cork, arriving in time as Lord Muskerry had wasted the countryside and was very strong.

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Thursday the eighth of March, my Lord President and Colonell Lanester and their forces, marched from Castle Lyons to the cittey of Corke, and they gott into the citty in good tyme, for the President Lord of Mouskery had waysted his countrey and was very
marches to strong. The strongest castle his Lordship hath, wherein he usually liveth is with in three miles of the citty : the name of it is Castle Blarney.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 177

Mellifont, first Irish Cistercian monastery

Mellifont · townland · Louth · 1142

Mellifont in county Louth was the first Cistercian monastery founded in Ireland, established through the influence of St. Bernard with St. Malachy. It became the mother house of several other Irish abbeys including Hore Abbey.

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to talk but little and to be constant in religious exercises night and day; they should accept no gifts of churches, altars, or tithes, and were to refrain from intermeddling with the pastoral office ; the lay or " bearded" brethren attended to all secular affairs. Their abbeys should be planted in lonely out-of-the-way places, with the full consent of the bishop of the diocese, and were to be dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, for she it was who showed the second abbot the pattern of the white dress the Order should wear. Such were the regulations of the Abbey of Cistercium — the mother of all Cistercian abbeys; her daughters rapidly increased throughout Europe. St. Bernard joined the order 1 1 1 3 and gave it an immense stimulus, and to his influence with St Malachy we owe our first Irish Cistercian monastery of Mellifont in the
252 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 149

Murdering-hole at Blarney Castle's peel entrance

near Blarney · townland · Cork

At the original entrance door of the peel at Blarney Castle, about ten feet above ground level, there are indications of an opening in the ceiling interpreted as a 'murdering-hole.' A similar feature survives inside the entrance door of the main building.

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Viewing the great tower from the north as one approaches it from the railway station, a perpendicular slit appears running down the centre of the northern face of the castle from just below the parapet to just above the window of the earl's bedroom. The blocks forming the west side of this slit are plainly coigne stones, and they make and mark the north-east angle of the original tower. The peel never flanked the north side of the addition as it does the west side of it. This is proved by an examination of the newer work (five-sixths of the whole pile) which, with the exception of the spur at the south-east angle and a few minor internal details, is palpably all of one date. The reason the slit does not run either above or below the points indicated is — first, that the present parapet of the peel was built when the watch turret on its north-east pinnacle was altered to suit the height of the newer pile, and that consequently the whole of the parapet along the higher part of the northern face of the keep is of one date ; and second, that the wall of the original baily (or courtyard), which was built at the same time as the peel, was incorporated with the lower part of the mass of the newer pile at the north side over the cliff. It is probable that weathering has had much to do with the slit being so distinctly visible, for it does not appear inside the castle. Approaching the castle from the east, when one enters the keep and goes a short way up the large newel stair (which is placed in the north-east angle of the newer work) and along the passage which leads from it towards the earl's bedroom, on coming to the six steps (opening to the right of the passage) a glance upwards discloses the fact that this staircase has been quarried through the wall. The uppermost of these half a dozen steps opens on the original newel stair of the peel, and a few steps down lands one at the bottom of this stair, locally called " the black stairs." Standing with the back to the window (which is modern), to the left is seen the place where the original entrance door of the peel was, its sill being about ten feet above the level of the ground ; and, I think, there are indications of an opening in the ceiling, and that here was a " murdering-hole," similar to the one still to be seen immediately inside the entrance door of the main building. The lower part of the peel is solid, in which particular it differs from the addition, which is hollow down to the rock on which it stands. Opposite the site of this entrance is a jamb of the original door into what eventually became the earl's bedroom, but which at first was probably the guardroom. This doorway was built up to give wall space for the head of the bed, and the little passage which leads to the present door in the division wall was scooped out of the main wall (at this part very thick)

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 199

Muskerry Yeomanry muster roll's religious mix

near Muskerry · street · Cork · 1795–1796

The Yeomanry force raised to counter the United Irishmen insurrection was mostly Protestant but included Catholics, as shown by the muster roll of the Muskerry body. By the time the force was established it reached thirty-seven thousand volunteers throughout Ireland.

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Lord Camden, the lord lieutenant, by care and wisdom managed for two years to stave off an open outbreak ; but his measures lacked the force necessary to quell the angry passions of the time. The Government had information that in 1795 the plans of insurrection had been nearly perfected ; to meet which the authorities had scarcely any English troops, and only about ten thousand invalids and fencibles, and a militia who were almost to a man members of the society of United Irishmen. Informers told how Lord Edward Fitzgerald and others had met General Hoche and arranged for a French invasion, and that there existed a body of two hundred thousand men already officered, of whom one hundred and fifty thousand had been provided with pikes or muskets. It became then absolutely necessary for Government to raise a trustworthy force, and this force was the Yeomanry, consisting mostly of Protestants, but containing a good admixture of the other religion also, as the mustei roll of the Muskerry body, among others, shows. Their numbers, all being volunteers, soon reached thirty-seven thousand throughout Ireland. Orangemen were strictly excluded by the Lord Lieutenant.
The pages of Musgrave and Maxwell detail many of the massacres and horrors committed by the insurgents at this period ; that there were sharp retaliatory acts, unmerciful whippings, and short shrift, miscalled justice, on the other side, cannot be doubted. The foregoing hasty sketch of the times immediately precedent may serve partly t<> explain the cause of the intense bitterness of the opposing parties in Ireland which led to those unhappy deeds. May our country learn the le taught by its history, and may its people under equal laws become a united people, as did the conquered Anglo-Saxon and the conquering Normans in England many centuries a

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 118

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Muskerry, a Yeomanry body was raised in 1795 and 1796, one of many across Ireland meant to counter the United Irishmen. The lord lieutenant, Lord Camden, had managed for two years to stave off an open outbreak, but his measures lacked the force to quell the angry passions of the time. The government had information that in 1795 the plans of insurrection were nearly perfected. Against this, the authorities had scarcely any English troops, only about 10,000 invalids and fencibles, and a militia who were almost to a man members of the United Irishmen. Informers told how Lord Edward Fitzgerald and others had met General Hoche and arranged for a French invasion, and that there existed a body of 200,000 men already officered, of whom 150,000 had been provided with pikes or muskets. It became absolutely necessary for the government to raise a trustworthy force. That force was the Yeomanry. It consisted mostly of Protestants, but contained a good admixture of the other religion also, as the muster roll of the Muskerry body, among others, shows. Their numbers, all being volunteers, soon reached 37,000 throughout Ireland. Orangemen were strictly excluded by the lord lieutenant. The pages of Musgrave and Maxwell detail many of the massacres and horrors committed by the insurgents at this period. There were sharp retaliatory acts too, unmerciful whippings, and short shrift miscalled justice, on the other side.

Old Countess's deed of assignment of Inchiquin Castle

Inchiquin · townland · Cork · 1515

In 1515 the Old Countess of Desmond emerged from obscurity and made a deed of assignment surrendering the castle and town of Inchiquine to the Earl of Desmond, attempting to save the estate should he come to grief with the government. The earl in turn assigned it to a Mr. John Synotte, though the Countess continued to live at Inchiquin.

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Sir Maurice Duff was rather gratified that his estate should be in the neighbourhood of his greatest enemies, the McCarthys, where his brother deemed that " he might have enough to do with and between them, that he might not have or enjoy leisure to practise any mischief against him " (the carl). For thirty years Sir Maurice " held play against all those that did oppose him," of whom there were many, until in his eightieth year he was slain in Muskerry by the horsemen of his son-inlaw, Sir Dermod McCarthy/^) The Old Countess of Desmond was left unmolested by the members of the new line until 15 15, when she emerged from the obscurity of her life, and made a deed of assignment by which she declared that " for good considerations me moving I have given, granted, and surrendered the said castle and town of Inchiquine to the Right Honorable Gerrot Earl of Desmond, now enjoying reversion of the premises." Mr. Sainthill wrote, that this being in reality an attempt to save the estate for the earl should he come to grief with the government, he in turn assigned it pro forma to some adherent of his party, a Mr. John Synotte, though the Old Countess continued to live at Inchiquin as usual. The earl being a rebel at that period, when the act of his attainder was passed, this arrangement was ignored by the English government, who granted the manor of Inchiquin to Sir Walter Raleigh, subject to the life-charge of the Countess Katherine, she having been in enjoyment of her jointure long before Garrett came to the earldom of Desmond.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 96

Orrery barony: etymology of Orbraidhe 'race of Orb'

Orrery and Kilmore · barony · Cork

The Cork barony of Orrery derives its name from Orbraidhe, meaning 'race of Orb,' where the element orb may be allied to the root 'ar,' meaning 'to plough.' The author traces orb back to a prehistoric root signifying 'to plant, to sow,' connecting it to broader Indo-European agricultural terminology.

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Ugaine, king of Erin, who was slain there ; and from this we see that cliu represents the Latin clades, "slaughter." Mai means "great," and is cognate with Latin mons, "a high hill." Ugaine denotes "begotten" of U or Hu, and this root is the same as Cu, to "beget "or "create." Humore, "great father," was the mythic progenitor of the Firbolgs (the Belgre or "English folk"), and Hu was the mythic chief who led the Cymri from Dafrobane to Wales. Many derivations of Britain are given. I now give one which has occurred to myself. Britain, I think, represents a prehistoric word whose stem is berid, which means "land," and is to be traced to ber, meaning "water." The same root occurs in Berba, one of the names of the mythic Cesar. Dr. Joyce says, " It is now vain to conjecture what the origin of Fodla and Banba (two old names of Ireland) might be." Nil desperandnm. I take Fodla to represent such a form as Fod-erid, and Fod means "knowledge," though here it might mean "knowledge deified.'" The same root occurs in Odin or IVodin, hence our Wednesday. Vodj is the Norse root signifying " to know"; the Irish Jiss, "knowledge,'" belongs to the same root. With regard to Banba, I cognate it with Venus, " the earth rising from the waters." Ba denotes "being" or "quality of existence," and a secondary meaning " to produce." Bodb derg mac in Dagda was the king of the Tuatha de Danand. His name signifies " Red Knowledge, son of the teaching god." Bodb is the northern Odin or IVodin, and was probably introduced into Ireland by very early settlers from the north. In Celtic Romances, Dr. Joyce gives " great good fire" as a probable meaning of Dagda. It is better however to cognate dag with the root of SetKvvui and With regard to the meaning of Danand, this word lias for nominative Danu, perhaps from da, "to move," hence water; also, "to think, judge, etc." So the Danair or Danes were seamen. Manannan is a very interesting name. I take the root to be man, from ma, "to make," which signifies "the thinking faculty." It occurs in " minos," " menelaus," "mentor," etc. Manannan I equate with Manu, the hero of the Indian Flood legend, who threw clarified butter, milk, curds, and whey into the waters which formed the new earth. The reason why Manannan's name is attached to the Isle of Man seems to me to be on account of a flood which broke away the land connection between Ireland and England, and of which connection the the Isle of Man is a relic. The reason why Manannan's name is connected with Loch Corrib is on account of a flood which came from the north of the lake where it is very deep, and overwhelmed a fertile southern district. Near the south side of the lake Orbsen's (or Manannan's) grave was placed. The myth has reversed the course of the waters, for it says it was from Orbsen's grave Loch Orbsen sprang, but this could not be, for Orbsen is to be connected with "salvation from water," and not "destruction by water." Orbsen signifies " old heir," but orb must be traced back to some prehistoric root signifying "to plant, to sow." Orb occurs in the name of Cork barony Orrery, that is, Orbraidhe, "race of Orb"; it may perhaps be allied to the root ar, " to plough," which is found in many languages. Manannan is connected witli Cnoc Aine under the name Eogabhal, which signifies "grasper of knowledge," and he is here on account of a flood which once devastated a large portion of county Limerick, the high hill of Cnoc Aine alone appearing above it, so that rightly Aine is said t" be the daughter of Manannan, as Ida in the Hindu legend is the daughter of Manu. I think there must have been a sudden subsidence ot land owing to the volcanic eruptions at Loch Gair, and then, according to the myth, the waters burst forth from the magic well. The people who argued these changes, these formations of rivers, these burstings forth of lakes, have sent down to us their accounts. Ireland was not inhabited in the volcanic period, for there are no myths which might be referred to volcanoes. Yes, I think these myths, these tales of our grand old race are real.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 307

Pierce de Lacy of Bruff: turbulent Desmond Rebellion chief

Bruff · town · Limerick

Honor, daughter of Conor O'Mulrian, chief of Uaithne, was first married to de Lacy of Bruff, by whom she had Pierce de Lacy, described as one of the most turbulent chiefs of the Desmond Rebellion. Her second husband was Richard Burke.

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first Lord Castleconnel and Captain of Clanwilliam. John Burke's mother was Honor, daughter of Conor O'Mulrian, chief of Uaithne. Richard Burke was Honor's second husband, as she had been first married to de Lacy of Bruff, by whom she had Pierce de Lacy, one of the most turbulent chiefs of the Desmond Rebellion. John Burke married Grace, daughter of Sir George Thornton, one of the chief officers of the English army under Sir George Carew. With Sir George Thornton for a fatherin-law and a restless spirit like de Lacy for half-brother, John Burke's lot was not a happy one. He seems to me to have been a man without much strength of will, and to have danced to the piping of such opposite tunes as those played by Thornton and de Lacy. The following extract is taken from Pacata Hibernia : —

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 254

Raithlenn identification fixes birthplace of St. Finnbarr

Gurranes · townland · Cork

The identification of Raithlenn in the townland of Gurranes also establishes the birthplace of St. Finnbarr, whose father Amergin was smith to Tighearnach, king of Raithlenn, and whose mother was a ward of the king.

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tovvnland of Gurranes, about six or seven miles by road north of Bandon, and about three miles south-east of Crookstown station on the Macroom line. This portion of the townland was known by the old people as K4t;-K47r;lju. Probably the small rath on its western side is the one called after Brian's daughter, Sadhbh, 4)110 SAirb 4t) "OUT} yo t)&\i, " Sadhbh's court is this western court." H<xt eujlcjnn was called after CUjlcerjn, Cian's harper ; it still exists and gives its name to the townland lying north of Raithlenn. 4)1111 "Cfl4J5r)e-4jl), " Draighnean's Fort,'; was called after Cian's trumpeter ; it stood on the limestone rock where Castlemore was afterwards built. The site of Dun Drinane church is still pointed out adjacent to the castle on the east side. A portion of the cemetery was lately discovered at the foot of the rock in clearing a farm yard. This place lies two and a half miles in a straight line north-west of Raithlenn. The Ford of the Spoils on the east must have been near where the public road now crosses the stream, north-east of the great rath. The Rath of the Poets, the Rath of the Women, the Rath of Cuan O Lochain (the ollamh), the Rath of the doorkeeper (Dubhthach), stood inside the grounds of Gurranes House, east of high road, and were levelled, and their underground chambers filled with clay within the recollection of the labourers I met there some thirty years ago. The top of the inside rampart of Rath-Raithlenn was covered with small mounds containing cinerary urns, which were broken and their fragments scattered about, doubtless by treasure-seekers. A large number of raths still remain at a little distance to the south and east. These must have been the residences of the guards and military followers of the king. I discovered an ogham stone in one of them; it has some twenty-seven letters, well preserved, and lies where it was found, about half a mile south of the central rath. This identification of Raithlenn fixes also the birthplace of St. Finnbarr, as his father, Amergin, was smith to Tighearnach, the king of Raithlenn, and his mother a ward of the king. I suggest that this district offers a rich field for exploration; its chief features are still preserved. We have records carrying its history back to the dawn of Christianity, and it may have existed long before.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 259

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is the place once called Raithlenn, and identifying it fixes the birthplace of St. Finnbarr. His father, Amergin, was smith to Tighearnach, the king of Raithlenn, and his mother was a ward of the king. This district lies about six or seven miles north of Bandon, and about three miles south-east of Crookstown station on the Macroom line. There was a great central rath here, and around it stood many others. The Rath of the Poets, the Rath of the Women, and the Rath of Cuan O Lochain, the ollamh, all stood inside the grounds of Gurranes House, east of the high road. They were levelled and their underground chambers filled with clay within living memory of the labourers. The top of the inside rampart of Rath-Raithlenn was covered with small mounds holding cinerary urns, which were broken and scattered, likely by treasure-seekers. A number of raths still remain to the south and east, which must have been the residences of the king's guards and military followers. An ogham stone with about 27 well-preserved letters was found in one of them, and lies where it was found, about half a mile south of the central rath. The records here carry the history back to the dawn of Christianity, and it may have existed long before.

Silver-gilt chalices from Ardfert Abbey

Ardfert · town · Kerry · 1610–1741

Silver-gilt chalices from Ardfert Abbey were exhibited at the Cork conversazione among the consecrated vessels of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers.

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The display of exhibits was of an extensive and comprehensive character, and illustrated to a large degree the scope and resources of the joint societies associated with the conversazione. Both the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, and the Cork Naturalists' Field Club were represented by many exhibitors, whose specimens drawn from nature and art, were antique, rare, or costly. Mr. Robert Day, F.S.A., without whom no exhibitions of the class would be complete, showed the flags of the Cork Volunteers, with the medals and regimental decorations of the First Volunteers of 17S2 and 1796, and many other curiosities. He was only represented by a fraction of his well-known collection, but the selections were very interesting. There were flags of the Cork Volunteers and Yeomanry decorations. Among the Volunteer decorations were the C.B. gold star, and cross and gold medal for Java, given to Lieutenant-Colonel James Watson, of the 1st Battalion 14th Regiment, who led the storming party at Java ; gold medal for Salamanca ; gold medal for the Egyptian campaign of 1S01, given by the Sultan to Robert Fulton, who commanded the 79th Highlanders. A unique exhibit was the standard of the Old Blackpool Horse of 1790, which is in a wonderful of preservation. There were also to be seen in Mr. Day's collection a fine show of early bronze and gold Celtic ornaments. A rare exhibit were the chalices of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. These articles, all consecrated, were enclosed in a glass case, and some are of almost priceless value. They included a ciborium, silvergilt, date 1614; chalices, silver-gilt, dates 1610, 1611, 1632, 1639, 1741, etc., from the
184 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 112

Silver-gilt chalices from Buttevant Abbey

Buttevant · town · Cork · 1610–1741

Silver-gilt chalices from Buttevant Abbey were exhibited at the Cork conversazione as part of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers' collection of consecrated vessels.

Read the passage

The display of exhibits was of an extensive and comprehensive character, and illustrated to a large degree the scope and resources of the joint societies associated with the conversazione. Both the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, and the Cork Naturalists' Field Club were represented by many exhibitors, whose specimens drawn from nature and art, were antique, rare, or costly. Mr. Robert Day, F.S.A., without whom no exhibitions of the class would be complete, showed the flags of the Cork Volunteers, with the medals and regimental decorations of the First Volunteers of 17S2 and 1796, and many other curiosities. He was only represented by a fraction of his well-known collection, but the selections were very interesting. There were flags of the Cork Volunteers and Yeomanry decorations. Among the Volunteer decorations were the C.B. gold star, and cross and gold medal for Java, given to Lieutenant-Colonel James Watson, of the 1st Battalion 14th Regiment, who led the storming party at Java ; gold medal for Salamanca ; gold medal for the Egyptian campaign of 1S01, given by the Sultan to Robert Fulton, who commanded the 79th Highlanders. A unique exhibit was the standard of the Old Blackpool Horse of 1790, which is in a wonderful of preservation. There were also to be seen in Mr. Day's collection a fine show of early bronze and gold Celtic ornaments. A rare exhibit were the chalices of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. These articles, all consecrated, were enclosed in a glass case, and some are of almost priceless value. They included a ciborium, silvergilt, date 1614; chalices, silver-gilt, dates 1610, 1611, 1632, 1639, 1741, etc., from the
184 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 112

Silver-gilt chalices from Timoleague Abbey

Timoleague · town · Cork · 1610–1741

Silver-gilt chalices, some of almost priceless value, were exhibited at the Cork conversazione from the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers' collection. These included chalices originating from Timoleague Abbey.

Read the passage

The display of exhibits was of an extensive and comprehensive character, and illustrated to a large degree the scope and resources of the joint societies associated with the conversazione. Both the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, and the Cork Naturalists' Field Club were represented by many exhibitors, whose specimens drawn from nature and art, were antique, rare, or costly. Mr. Robert Day, F.S.A., without whom no exhibitions of the class would be complete, showed the flags of the Cork Volunteers, with the medals and regimental decorations of the First Volunteers of 17S2 and 1796, and many other curiosities. He was only represented by a fraction of his well-known collection, but the selections were very interesting. There were flags of the Cork Volunteers and Yeomanry decorations. Among the Volunteer decorations were the C.B. gold star, and cross and gold medal for Java, given to Lieutenant-Colonel James Watson, of the 1st Battalion 14th Regiment, who led the storming party at Java ; gold medal for Salamanca ; gold medal for the Egyptian campaign of 1S01, given by the Sultan to Robert Fulton, who commanded the 79th Highlanders. A unique exhibit was the standard of the Old Blackpool Horse of 1790, which is in a wonderful of preservation. There were also to be seen in Mr. Day's collection a fine show of early bronze and gold Celtic ornaments. A rare exhibit were the chalices of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. These articles, all consecrated, were enclosed in a glass case, and some are of almost priceless value. They included a ciborium, silvergilt, date 1614; chalices, silver-gilt, dates 1610, 1611, 1632, 1639, 1741, etc., from the
184 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 112

As the companion tells it

As the road brings you through Shandon, near Cork, this locality is tied to silver-gilt chalices from its abbey. At a conversazione organised by the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society together with the Cork Naturalists' Field Club, a rare exhibit was the chalices of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. These articles were all consecrated and enclosed in a glass case, and some were of almost priceless value. They included a ciborium, silver-gilt, dated 1614, and chalices, silver-gilt, with dates 1610, 1611, 1632, 1639, 1741, and other years. Some were of Cork work and others of Spanish make. The display of exhibits was of an extensive and comprehensive character, and illustrated to a large degree the scope and resources of the joint societies associated with the conversazione. Both societies were represented by many exhibitors, whose specimens drawn from nature and art were antique, rare, or costly. Among the exhibitors was Robert Day, without whom no exhibitions of this class would be complete. He showed a fine show of early bronze and gold Celtic ornaments, though he was represented by only a fraction of his well-known collection. His selections were very interesting.

Silver-gilt chalices from Youghal Abbey

Youghal · town · Cork · 1610–1741

Silver-gilt chalices from Youghal Abbey were among the consecrated vessels exhibited at the Cork conversazione, drawn from the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers' collection.

Read the passage

The display of exhibits was of an extensive and comprehensive character, and illustrated to a large degree the scope and resources of the joint societies associated with the conversazione. Both the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, and the Cork Naturalists' Field Club were represented by many exhibitors, whose specimens drawn from nature and art, were antique, rare, or costly. Mr. Robert Day, F.S.A., without whom no exhibitions of the class would be complete, showed the flags of the Cork Volunteers, with the medals and regimental decorations of the First Volunteers of 17S2 and 1796, and many other curiosities. He was only represented by a fraction of his well-known collection, but the selections were very interesting. There were flags of the Cork Volunteers and Yeomanry decorations. Among the Volunteer decorations were the C.B. gold star, and cross and gold medal for Java, given to Lieutenant-Colonel James Watson, of the 1st Battalion 14th Regiment, who led the storming party at Java ; gold medal for Salamanca ; gold medal for the Egyptian campaign of 1S01, given by the Sultan to Robert Fulton, who commanded the 79th Highlanders. A unique exhibit was the standard of the Old Blackpool Horse of 1790, which is in a wonderful of preservation. There were also to be seen in Mr. Day's collection a fine show of early bronze and gold Celtic ornaments. A rare exhibit were the chalices of the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. These articles, all consecrated, were enclosed in a glass case, and some are of almost priceless value. They included a ciborium, silvergilt, date 1614; chalices, silver-gilt, dates 1610, 1611, 1632, 1639, 1741, etc., from the
184 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 112

As the companion tells it

The road passes through Timoleague in Cork. In this town stands the old Abbey of Timoleague, whose silver-gilt chalices were shown at a conversazione held by the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society and the Cork Naturalists' Field Club. Mr. Robert Day, a well-known collector, exhibited a fraction of his collection, including flags of the Cork Volunteers, medals, and regimental decorations. But the rarest exhibit was a glass case of consecrated chalices from the Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. Among them were silver-gilt chalices dated 1610, 1611, 1632, 1639, and 1741, and a silver-gilt ciborium dated 1614. Some were of Cork work and others of Spanish make. The report describes them as of almost priceless value.

Solemn requiem for Pius IX at St. Mary's Church, Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1878

A solemn requiem high mass was celebrated in St. Mary's Church, Cork, on 12 February 1878 after the death of Pope Pius IX. The sanctuary was draped in black, a catafalque erected, shields depicting events of the Pontiff's reign suspended, and the Papal standard flown at half-mast on the eastern tower.

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Eight months after this imposing display of love and veneration, the sad news of the Pope's death was flashed by telegraph to the ends of the earth. Pius IX. died on the 7th February, 1878, and, as in the previous June his Episcopal Jubilee was celebrated with every token of joy, so now sorrow was everywhere manifested, and many were the fervent, heartfelt prayers offered for the soul of the deceased Pontiff. A solemn requiem high mass was celebrated in St. Mary's Church on the 12th. The sanctuary and apse were draped in black, and around the high catafalque erected in the centre of the church, as in other parts of the sacred building, were suspended various shields descriptive of the principal events in the reign of His Holiness. On the eastern tower was likewise raised the Papal standard at half-mast. All the churches of the city continued to exhibit signs of mourning until the election of Leo XIII. as universal pastor of the church and bishop of Rome. The new Pope was crowned on the 3rd March, with as much solemnity as was possible under the trying circumstances which then prevailed.
After an interval of seven years, during which time the Dominicans were governed by a vicar-general, the Most Rev. Joseph Larocca succeeded Father Jandel as master-general of the Order. He was elected in October of this year, and was a man who, like his predecessor, was gifted with the spirit of zeal and prudence.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 58

As the companion tells it

Coming through the city of Cork. In February 1878, this city marked the death of Pope Pius IX. He had died on the 7th of that month, and the news reached Cork by telegraph. Just eight months earlier, in June, his Episcopal Jubilee had been celebrated with every token of joy. Now sorrow was everywhere manifested, and heartfelt prayers were offered for the soul of the deceased Pontiff. A solemn requiem high mass was celebrated in St. Mary's Church on the 12th of February. The sanctuary and apse were draped in black. A high catafalque was erected in the centre of the church, and around it, as in other parts of the sacred building, shields were suspended, descriptive of the principal events in the reign of His Holiness. On the eastern tower the Papal standard was raised at half-mast. All the churches of the city continued to show signs of mourning until the election of Leo XIII as universal pastor of the church and bishop of Rome. The new Pope was crowned on the 3rd of March, with as much solemnity as was possible under the trying circumstances which then prevailed.

Tribute Paid to McCarthys of Muskerry

near Muskerry · street · Cork

As an example of the English paying tribute to Irish chieftains to maintain peace, the McCarthys of Muskeny (Muskerry) received £20 per annum from County Cork. This arrangement reflects the nominal nature of English power beyond the Pale during the Wars of the Roses.

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The Wars of the Roses employed the English at home ; their poss sions in Ireland beyond the Pale, and the cities and towns on the seaboard, were nominal. The early English settlers were more or less independent, and the English paid tribute in several instances to the Irish chieftains to keep the peace with them. Cox, History of Ireland, complains bitterly of this ; among others, the McCarthys of Muskeny received £20 per annum from the county Cork. As an example of the
498 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 288

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Muskerry, the McCarthys once received tribute from the English. During the Wars of the Roses, English power in Ireland beyond the Pale was nominal. The early English settlers were more or less independent, and in several instances the English paid tribute to Irish chieftains to keep the peace with them. Cox, in his History of Ireland, complains bitterly of this. Among others, the McCarthys of Muskeny received £20 per annum from County Cork.

Yeomen meet again at Macroom amid invasion fears

Macroom · town · Cork · 1796

On 3 December 1796, gentlemen and yeomen of East and West Muskerry met again at Macroom to plan for keeping the country quiet and preventing persons from joining the French on their expected descent on the coast of Ireland.

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The names of such of the members as were then enrolled, and who continued in the 1st troop of Muskerry Cavalry down to 1804, appear on pp. 2, 3 of the present volume. A fuller list in 1799 will appear further on. The orderly books of the corps before 1803 are not known to be now in existence. On 3rd December, 1796, the "gentlemen and yeomen" of East and West Muskerry met again at Macroom, and settled on their plans for keeping the country quiet, and preventing persons from joining the French on their expected descent on the coast of Ireland — a very necessary precaution, for Great Britain, being then at war with France, Spain, and I lolland, had few regular troops to spare for service in Ireland. What the work of the yeomanry was likely then to be, is shown by the capture about that time of an American vessel laden with arms and warlike stores, intended to be landed in this country ; she had on board " twenty thousand stand of arms, sixteen brass cannon with carriages, tumbrils, and every appurtenance for field service, with camp equipage for twenty thousand men." This capture happened opportunely, for on Friday, 23rd December, news reached Cork of a strong French fleet being sighted off Bantry bay. What followed then resembles what happened in England on the news of the Spanish Armada being sighted off the south coast of England ; all citizens capable of bearing arms enrolled themselves among the Loyal Cork Legion, or the Royal Cork Volunteers, who undertook the defence of the city, and sent off members to the different towns in Minister to order in the military there
Augustus-Louis-Carre Warren, eldest son of Sir Robert Warren, first baronet, so created in 1 7S4. Augustus succeeded as second baronet in 181 1 ; he was M.P. for Cork city 1783-1790, and the first captain of the Muskerry corps. He died in 1821, and was succeeded by his son, Sir Augustus, third baronet, who was captain of the corps when re-embodied in 1822.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 120

Burning of the Duke of Monmouth's Head sign in Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1684

Edward Webber senior, a Williamite grantee and mayor of Cork in 1684, publicly pulled down and burnt the sign of the 'Duke of Monmouth's Head' with great form and solemnity. This act reflected the political tensions following the Williamite settlement in Cork.

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6) When mayor he " pulled down the sign of the ' Duke of Monmouth's Head,' lately set up, and caused it to be burnt with great form and solemnity."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 214

As the companion tells it

As you come through Cork, this is where Edward Webber senior, a Williamite grantee, served as mayor in 1684. When mayor he "pulled down the sign of the Duke of Monmouth's Head, lately set up, and caused it to be burnt with great form and solemnity."

Clonakilty parliamentary election of 1713

Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1713

In 1713, the sovereign, burgesses, and commonalty of Clonakilty elected Sir Ralph Freke and Brigadier George Freke to serve as burgesses in the upcoming Irish parliament in Dublin. The election was held pursuant to the Queen's writ of summons.

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Pursuant to a precept directed to the suffrain, burgesses, and ^1 1 ; tv/Ai commonalty of this burrough, returnable on Friday, the 20th day of 9ber next, grounded on her Majesty's writt of summons, to choose two burgesses of the most discrete and sufficient men of the said town to be and appr. at the next parliament to be held at Dublin on the 20th day of 9ber next, wee, the said suffrain and burgesses and comonalty elected and chosen Sr Ralph Freke and Brigadier George Freke to serve in the said parliament, this 28th of 8t>er> 1713. Joseph Jervois, Suffrn-, Arthur Bernard,
Robert Travers, Robt. Gillman,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 25

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Clonakilty in Cork, you are in a town with an old parliamentary tradition. In 1713, the sovereign, burgesses, and commonalty of this borough elected Sir Ralph Freke and Brigadier George Freke to serve as burgesses in the Irish parliament in Dublin. The election was held under the Queen's writ of summons, and the return was made on the 28th of October 1713. Joseph Jervois was the sovereign at the time, and Arthur Bernard, Robert Travers, and Robert Gillman were among those who signed. The writ called for "two burgesses of the most discrete and sufficient men of the said town."

Ancient diocesan boundary at the Coinne stream (Deragoole)

Ludden · parish · Limerick · 1101

The stream called the Coinne, now known as Deragoole, flows through Ludden parish and forms part of the boundary between the dioceses of Emly and Limerick, a boundary established at the Synod of Rathbrassel around 1101. The name Lodan, connected with the Tuatha de Danann and the legendary Manannán Mac Lir, is very old.

Read the passage

sent one of his monks, Gilbert, to build this monastery, who was accompanied by Eoghan, who acted as interpreter for the monks. The editor of Mat hew Paris, Rev. Henry R. Luard, renders " Ludensis Abbas," Abbot of Louth. The name of this parish is now written Ludden or Lydden, but in the account given by Keating of the proceedings of the synod of Rathbrassel, held about uoi, in which the dioceses were marked out, the boundaries of the diocese of Limerick are held to extend from Maolcarn westward to Ath-an-Coinne Lodain, and to Lough Guhr and Rathachmore. This gives us the word to be Lodan. The Coinne I take to be the little stream now called Deragoole,(6) which flows through Ludden parish, and is part of the boundary between the dioceses of Emly and Limerick. The Coinne is mentioned in the deed by which King Donald O'Brien made over his palace in Limerick to the church for a cathedral, together with certain lands in the county. The chart is given by Fitzgerald and Linehan, so I need not repeat it here ; the words in it which refer to the Coinne are " et a vado Ceinu usque ad flumen Sinam." Coinne may mean " meeting," perhaps because two old territories met at it, and it may thus have served as a territorial boundary long before it was made a diocesan one. Lodan is a very old name connected with the Tuatha de Danand and Cruithne, or Picts. The "learned" Lodan was brother to Manannan MacLir, the Irish Neptune, from whom the Isle of Man is named. In "Harold the Dauntless," Sir Walter Scott gives the old form of Lothian in Scotland to be Lodan. Lot, king of Lodan, was hunchback'd from youth.
George Buchanan, who wrote a history of Scotland in elegant Latin, says Lothian is derived from Lothus, a king of the Picts, " Lothiana a Lotho Pictorum rege nominata." Scott appears to connect Lodan and Lot. The old form of Louis or Ludwig is Loduwigs. It occurs in the " Declaration of the army of Charles the Bald," A.D. 842.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 274

Arthur St. Leger MP dies on road to Doneraile

Doneraile · townland · Cork · 1689–1727

Arthur St. Leger, first Viscount Doneraile, created Baron of Kilmaydon in 1703, died suddenly in his chaise on the road between Waterford and Doneraile on 7th July 1727 and was buried at Doneraile. He had been attainted by James II in 1689.

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He married 24th January, 1690, Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of John Hayes, M.P. {q.v.); she died 1739, anc^ 'ia<^ issue (sce following). He died suddenly in his chaise on the road between Waterford and Doneraile, 7th July, 1727, and was buried at Doneraile. The viscountcy of this creation is extinct.
St. Leger, Hon. Arthur (afterwards second Viscount Doneraile). M.I'. Doneraile, 1715-27.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 132

Ballytarsna Castle: vanished O'Brien stronghold with ghost stories

Ballytarsna · townland · Carlow

The O'Briens' castle at Ballytarsna near Drumkeen was described by Sir George Carew as very strong, not to be won except by cannon, and containing great plenty of grain when the rebels quit it. No stone now remains, but the site is known and numerous ghost stories are told by local people about the eerie place.

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(0 The O'Briens, of Ballytarsna, "thwart townland," were descended from Donnchadh, or Donogh, second son of Brien Boroimhe. Sir George Carew says it "neere a great Fastnesse," the Knockgrean range, and remarks it was a very strong castle, and "not to be wonne but by the Cannon," the Rebels quitted it at his approach, " and therein was found great plenty of Graine." Not a stone of the castle is now left, but the site is known, and from the numerous ghost stories told by the people, it must be a very eerie place. Further on, at the east side of old Pallas, the O'Briens had another castle built on the top of a tine moat, situated in t lie townland of Cloghadreen, "castle of the blackthorns'' {draeighean). The last stones of this castle were removed very early in the century. This moat is haunted, any amount of
346 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 202

Barrington's Hospital founded on George's Quay

George's Quay · street · Limerick

Barrington's Hospital was founded with £10,000 on the site of the old mainguard house on George's Quay in Limerick. Sir Matthew Barrington, son of the founder, was a leading citizen active in civic affairs.

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^10,000 founded Barrington's Hospital on George's Quay on the site of the old mainguard house. His son, Sir Matthew, was one of the most active citizens of Limerick, and at the head of everything both grave and gay for the welfare and amusement of the inhabitants. Glenstal, the splendid seat of Sir Charles Barrington, is finely situated at the foot of the SI14I) r)-6bljr)r)J Jt)5)nj oljUAJfie, the mountain range of Eileen or Eveleen, the daughter of Guaire, from Brug Maic Indoc, beside the Boyne, and wife to Eocho, king of Munster, at the close of the first century, whose legend I gave some time since in the Journal. The old people say that Glenstal means the " valley of the horse." In an inquisition of Queen Elizabeth Glenstille is given as the name of one of the Burke castles in the district. " Donogh McWilliam Oge of Glenstille, who murderavit Rochford, a Limerick merchant." Cappercullen, " tillage plot of the hollywood," near Glenstal, is said to have been the residence of Sir Edmond Walsh. Ashroe, " red hill," which was for a long time the residence of a branch of the Carbery family, is now occupied by Mr. John B. Barrington.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 254

As the companion tells it

Along here on George's Quay in Limerick, Barrington's Hospital was founded with £10,000 on the site of the old main guard house. The founder's son, Sir Matthew Barrington, was one of the most active citizens of Limerick, at the head of everything both grave and gay for the welfare and amusement of the inhabitants. The Barrington name spread beyond the city. Glenstal, the splendid seat of Sir Charles Barrington, stands at the foot of the mountain range named for Eillen, or Eveleen, daughter of Guaire and wife to Eocho, king of Munster, at the close of the first century. The old people say Glenstal means the valley of the horse. An inquisition of Queen Elizabeth gives Glenstille as the name of one of the Burke castles in the district, and records Donogh McWilliam Oge of Glenstille, who murdered Rochford, a Limerick merchant. Cappercullen, the tillage plot of the hollywood, near Glenstal, is said to have been the residence of Sir Edmond Walsh. Ashroe, the red hill, long the residence of a branch of the Carbery family, is now occupied by Mr. John B. Barrington.

Benedictine foundation at Kilcomenty

Kilcomenty · parish · Tipperary · 1184

In 1184, Philip de Worcester, Lord Justice of Ireland, imported a body of Benedictine monks to a house he founded at Kilcomenty in the diocese of Cashel and Emly. This occurred during a period when the Cistercians were supplanting the less ascetic Benedictines.

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Philip de Worcester, lord justice of Ireland, imported a body of Benedictines to a house he founded at Kilcomenty, in the diocese ^>( Cashel and Emly ; another body of them settled at Ilore Abbey, and there is reason to believe that they had also settled at Holy Cross. At any rate tradition says the site of Holy Cross had been occupied by a cell or monastery before the granting of Donald's charter, and this monastery had been called "The cell or monastery of the eight lands," which is simply .1 translation of the name of the first town land mentioned in the charter. Eour robbers once attacked this cell, and finding no treasure they consoled themselves by ridiculing the reported miraculous power of the
2 54 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 150

As the companion tells it

Up ahead, the road passes through the parish of Kilcomenty. In 1184, Philip de Worcester, lord justice of Ireland, brought a body of Benedictines to a house he founded here, in the diocese of Cashel and Emly. It was part of a wider settlement of Benedictines in the region. Another body of them settled at Ilore Abbey, and there is reason to believe they had also settled at Holy Cross. Tradition says the site of Holy Cross had been occupied by a cell or monastery before the granting of Donald's charter, and this monastery had been called the cell or monastery of the eight lands, which is simply a translation of the name of the first townland mentioned in the charter.

Carrick-a-Dhirra stone circle near Dunmore East

Dunmore East · town · Waterford

Near Dunmore East there is a hill with a stone circle named from the water goddess Dirra, called Carrick-a-Dhirra. Dirra and Vera were originally pagan water goddesses in Ireland, connected to water in legends told by the peasantry.

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Some Old Names. — In the September number of the. Journal mention is made of Dirra and Vera or Bera. These having fallen from their high estate, the term " Cailleach " or "witch" is now applied to them. They were originally water goddesses in pagan Ireland, for the places named from them are generally near water, and the legends which the peasantry tell about them connect them with water. Vera is said to have been so tall that she could wade through all the rivers and lakes of Ireland, and Dirra is stated to have made a lake on the top of Slieve Gullion, into which she caused Finn to go and seek for a ring, and when he was in the water she changed him into a grey, decrepit old man. Near Dunmore East there is a hill and stone circle on the hill named from Dirra, Carrick-a-Dhirra. Bearhaven may possibly be named from Bera. Perhaps also Kinvarra, Galway Bay, Rind Bera Sirraim, " the headland of Bera of the water "; the sa in Shannon, Suir, Samar, and Sabarn, or Severn, an old name for Cork river Lee ; and I think also now that Rath Arda Suird, near Limerick, means "fort of river height." It is near the Shannon. The accounts we have of those Celto-Spanish alliances are to be regarded with the greatest suspicion. Spain was looked upon by our old Seanachaidhs as the summer land, and in accordance with this notion they touched up many of our time-worn myths. To these old Seanachaidhs may also be traced those long lines of fictitious names, some from the myths, which unfortunately have been in the main accepted as real by O'Donovan, Todd, O'Curry, and others, and which make every Irishman either a king or the seed, breed and generation of kings, and Irish history a mockery and a byword. Ignorant English writers have long ridiculed the claim of the Gael to a remote antiquity. But the time for ridicule is past, and scholars in Germany and France have at last woke up, and are searching eagerly for memorials of the remnant of that race who once owned nearly the whole of Europe. Winning says, "These reasons appear sufficient to induce us to believe that Erse and Welsh tribes had found an early entrance into Italy, though we cannot trace their course thither from our histories," and such an authority as Schleicher " believes in a Graeco- Italo-Keltisch period," and Donaldson, in The New Cratyhts, gives it as his opinion " that the first population of both Italy and Greece was Erse or Low Celtic." The present state of Irish mythology is a disgrace to Irish scholarship ; we have left Frenchmen and Germans do what we should have done ourselves, and which they not knowing our myths could not do. But a change is coming in our own sweet

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 306

Carved stone found near Temple Michael graveyard

Caherconlish · town · Limerick

About three months before writing, Patrick Ryan of Caherconlish found a remarkable foot-long stone resembling a cat's head while repairing a fence near Ginckie's Grave. A human face can be discerned on the flattened crown, and the author suggests it may be from an ornamental arch over Temple Michael's doorway.

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About three months ago a remarkable stone was found by Mr. Patrick Ryan, of Caherconlish, when repairing the fence near " Ginckie's Grave." I had been told by a man in the village that a cat's head was found in Temple Michael, and really this gives a very good idea of the stone. Imagine a cat's head and neck with a little of the body attached, and one has a fair representation of the stone. Consider the cat's head again with a flattened circular crown, and the picture will rival a photograph from Messrs. Guy. When one stands a little distance from it, a human face may clearly be discerned imprinted on the crown of the cat's head. The other end of the stone does not seem to have been touched, being quite rough. The stone is a foot in length. It has occurred to me that it may be a stone from an ornamental arch over the doorway of Temple Michael.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 204

Clonakilty as a lively market-day town

Clonakilty · town · Cork

The Council Book reveals Clonakilty as a lively little town on market days. Grand jury members occasionally took out cross-summonses against each other for assaults, and the women of the town were no more peaceful than their husbands. Punishments were generally fines.

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In fact Clonakilty must have been a lively little town on market days ; members of the grand jury occasionally took out cross-summonses against each other for assaults, and the women of the town do not seem to have been more peaceful than their husbands. These little battles were generally punished by fines, although one very doughty champion was sent to prison for two months ; and frequently the prisoners were liberated on paying fees and making satisfaction to the injured person.
The reports give more than one instance of goods being rescued from the sheriff, and there were one or two attempts at horse stealing,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 189

As the companion tells it

Coming up, Clonakilty in Cork. The Council Book shows it was a lively little town on market days. Grand jury members occasionally took out cross-summonses against each other for assaults, and the women of the town do not seem to have been more peaceful than their husbands. These little battles were generally punished by fines, although one doughty champion was sent to prison for two months. Prisoners were frequently liberated on paying fees and making satisfaction to the injured person. The reports give more than one instance of goods being rescued from the sheriff, and there were one or two attempts at horse stealing.

Colonel Donal MacFinneen fell at Aughrim

Aughrim · townland · Cork · 1691

Colonel Donal MacFinneen, son of Donogh MacCarthy of Ardtully, was killed at the Battle of Aughrim along with two brothers and two sons-in-law. After his death the family estates were confiscated among one hundred thousand acres in county Kerry belonging to chieftains who took part in the Revolution of 1688.

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" The few members of the family of the chieftain who survived the defeat of Aughrim, in which MacFinnin himself fell with two brothers, and two of his sons-in-law were borne on the stream of fugitives to France.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 126

Cup-shaped depression near Knockphleimon compared to Lough Gur

near Lough Gur · lake or lakes · Limerick

A few yards north of the boulder on Knockphleimon there is a circular depression of similar dimensions and appearance to the cup-shaped circle at Lough Gur, suggesting a comparable prehistoric feature.

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SHORT distance to the west of Skehard hill is the hill of Knockphleimon, that is,W " Fleming's Hill.' Who Fleming was, no one can tell. On the top of this hill there is a large boulder, which was thrown from the Knockroe hills — which lie a little to the south — by a giant, and the marks of three of his fingers are still to be seen on the stone. I think this stone was the large central stone of the stone circle which Fitzgerald describes as being in High Park in his day. The other stones were removed many years ago. A few yards north of this stone there is a circular depression about the same dimensions and appearance as the cup-shaped circle at Lough Gur. At the foot of Knockphleimon, and not far from Pohermore, there is a short road running from the main road to High Park House. The entrance to this road is called the Red Gate, though no gate is there now ; and here, though very much sunk in the ground, is one of the old piers of this gate. It is a stone
(') The Flemings became connected at an early date with the South of Ireland. O'Donovan, in the Book of Rights, says : " After the English invasion the country of Feara, Muighe Feine (Fermoy, county Cork), was granted to Fleming, from whom it passed by marriage to the Roches." In the year 1340, John Fleming was one of the bailiffs of Limerick city.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 272

Curraheen as burial place of Eamon a Cnuic per O'Donovan

Curraheen · townland · Tipperary

O'Donovan mentions that the outlaw Eamon a Cnuic was buried in the townland of Curraheen in the parish of Toem, County Tipperary, contradicting Lewis's claim that he was interred at Doon.

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The Slieve Phelim mountains were the haunt of Eamon a Cnuic, " Ned of the hill,'' a celebrated outlaw who lived a few half centuries since, and robbed the rich and gave to the poor. Many ballads have been composed in his honour, and the peasantry still tell many tales of his prowess. It is said that he met his death near Cappamore. Having been chased for two days and two nights, faint and weary, he entered a cabin belonging to a man named Ihvyer broc (badger) and asked for a drink of milk, which Dwyer gave him, but while he was in the act of drinking came behind him and struck him on the head with a hatchet, and so secured the ^300 which was offered lor the outlaw's head. Lewis says that Eamon a Cnuic was interred in the churchyard of Doon, but O'Donovan mentions that he was buried in the townland of Curraheen, in the parish of Toem, county Tipperary.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 255

Description of Blarney Castle and its fortifications

near Blarney · townland · Cork

Blarney Castle, located within three miles of Cork city, was described as one of the strongest castles in Ireland. Sir Charles MacCarthy had built additional walls, turrets with battlements, and fortified gardens around the castle, contriving many plans of defence.

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marches to strong. The strongest castle his Lordship hath, wherein he usually liveth is with in three miles of the citty : the name of it is Castle Blarney.
The Irish in those partys say it is one of the strongest castles in

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 177

Dublin regiment's gun labelled 'Free trade or this'

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1784

The threatening motto on the 1784 Irish Volunteer medal echoes a slogan used by a Dublin Volunteer regiment, who labelled their gun 'Free trade or this.' This reflects the militants' resolve during the reform movement following the achievement of free trade in 1782.

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The threat conveyed in the legend upon this medal is similar to that used by a Dublin regiment who labelled their gun " Free trade or this." This medal adds another unique illustration to one of the most interesting and momentous periods ot Irish history. Its similarity in shape to the medal of the Limerick Volunteers is suggestive, and might possibly point to its original ownership by some member of the Volunteers of that city or neighbourhood. On the other hand the character of its art work has more the appearance of having been made in either Belfast, Cork or Dublin ; and the ring of its motto, as if it came from the former city where the Volunteer pulse beat quicker than perhaps in any other part of the country. Who " T. S." was is so far a riddle which must remain to be solved. It is disappointing that the name in full is not on the medal or that of the troop or corps to which it belonged, but otherwise it reminds us of reforms that were required, demanded, and refused, and of the Irish Volunteers, who, having taken up arms to defend their country against foreign invasion, never fulfilled the threat conveyed in the inscription or turned their guns upon the representatives of the Crown, although their just demands were defeated and rejected,

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 136

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Dublin, this city carries a piece of the Irish Volunteer story from 1784. A medal from that year bears a threatening motto, and its message matches one used by a Dublin regiment, who labelled their gun, in the words of the source, "Free trade or this." The medal is similar in shape to the medal of the Limerick Volunteers, which suggests it may have belonged to a member of the Volunteers of that city or neighbourhood. But the character of its artwork looks more like it was made in Belfast, Cork, or Dublin. The ring of its motto sounds as if it came from Belfast, where the Volunteer pulse beat quicker than perhaps anywhere else in the country. Who T. S. was remains a riddle. The name in full is not on the medal, nor is the name of the troop or corps to which it belonged. The medal recalls reforms that were required, demanded, and refused. The Irish Volunteers took up arms to defend their country against foreign invasion, but they never fulfilled the threat in that inscription. They never turned their guns upon the representatives of the Crown, even though their just demands were defeated and rejected.

Eaton Stannard carried Cork freedom patent to Dean Swift, 1737

Cork · city · Cork · 1737

Eaton Stannard of Tubber, Dublin, recorder-elect of Cork, bore from the corporation of Cork to Dean Swift the box containing the patent of freedom of the city conferred on the dean in 1737. Stannard was also one of the executors of Swift's will.

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Sch., t.c.d., 1704; B.A., 1706; barrister-at-law; recorder of Cork, 1728 (the voting on his appointment being — E. Stannard, 11 ; Hugh Dixon {q.'c'.), 7; Wm. Chartres, 2; John Crone, 1), but did not accept the office, he being recorder of Dublin, and Hugh Dixon was elected in his stead, and sworn in on 19th December, 1728. Stannard was counsel for the defendant in the celebrated Anglesea peerage case, 1743 (see William Harward, m.p.). He bore from the corporation of Cork to Dean Swift the box containing the patent of freedom of the city conferred on the dean, 1737. He was one of the executors of the dean's will.
He died 1755.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 190

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, this is the city whose corporation sent its freedom to Dean Swift in 1737. Eaton Stannard of Tubber, Dublin, a barrister, carried the box containing the patent of freedom of the city to the dean that year. In 1728, the corporation voted on Stannard as recorder of Cork: he had 11 votes, Hugh Dixon 7, William Chartres 2, and John Crone 1. But Stannard did not accept the office, being already recorder of Dublin, and Hugh Dixon was sworn in on 19 December 1728. Stannard was one of the executors of Swift's will. He died in 1755.

Epitaph with forge implements in Fedamore churchyard

Fedamore · town · Limerick

A tombstone in Fedamore Churchyard, County Limerick, bears carved forge implements and an epitaph mourning a blacksmith whose sledge, hammers, bellows, fire, forge and vice have all been laid to rest.

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" My sledge and hammers are declined, My Bellows, too, has lost his wind, My fires extinguished, My forge decayed, And in the earth my Vice is laid."

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 236

Execution of Thomas FitzGibbon at Kilmallock

Kilmallock · town · Limerick

Thomas FitzGibbon, ancestor of the FitzGibbons of Ballylondre and husband of Maggie Condon, was executed at Kilmallock. Nothing further is known of his descendants.

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In the UiipublishedGeraldine Documents, pedigree of the White Knights, Maggie Condon married Thomas FitzGibbon, ancestor of FitzGibbon of Ballylondre. He was executed at Kilmallock. Nothing is known of his descendants. Also Ellen Condon, daughter of Patrick Condon, called the Lord of Condons, married John Oge FitzGerald alias FitzGibbon. He killed his cousin, and died in 1 569 a great protector of the clergy. He was summoned to Dublin for harbouring Maurice Fitzgibbon, the Pope's Archbishop of Cashel, his own kinsman, and also the Bishop of Ardagh. Two years after his death he was attainted of high treason and his lands forfeited.
The country was named Armoy {i.e. Freshfield), and sometimes Ur Magh, which has the same signification. The adjoining lands of Glan Ore, or Glanworth, were granted to Flemming, who by the marriage of his daughter came to the Roches, or de la Roupe, who were Lord Viscounts of Fermoy, and anciently Barons of Pool Castle, alias Castle Lough, and all this tract is still called Roches country. It is said that Roche, who married the heiress of Flemming, ingratiated himself by killing one of the Condons by a crossbow shot in the thigh, which part happened to be uncovered by the raising up of his cuirass, x^my

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 294

Fenian insurgents dispersed by constabulary at Drogheda

Drogheda · town · Louth · 1867

On the night of 5 March, Sub-Inspector Robert Gardiner, in command at Drogheda, attacked and dispersed a large body of Fenian insurgents assembled in that town, taking many prisoners and a considerable quantity of arms and ammunition.

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1. Sub-Inspector Robert Gardiner. In command at Drogheda, who, on the night of the 5th of March, attacked and dispersed a large body of Fenian insurgents assembled in that town, taking many prisoners and a considerable quantity of arms and ammunition.
2. Sub-Inspector Dominick F. Burke. In command at Tallaght on the same night, when the Fenian insurgents were defeated, many taken prisoners, and a large quantity of arms and ammunition captured.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 153

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Drogheda, this is the town where, on the night of 5 March 1867, a large body of Fenian insurgents assembled. Sub-Inspector Robert Gardiner, in command at Drogheda, attacked and dispersed them. He took many prisoners and a considerable quantity of arms and ammunition.

Kilcooley Abbey, daughter of Jerpoint

Kilcooley · townland · Galway · 1182

Kilcooley Abbey was a daughter house of Jerpoint in county Kilkenny and was founded by King Donald O'Brien. It was one of four Cistercian abbeys established in the dioceses of Cashel and Emly.

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county Louth. Within less than a century Cistercian abbeys sprang up in every diocese in Ireland. There were four founded in the two dioceses of Cashel and Emly — Holy Cross, Kilcooley, Owney or Abington, and Hore Abbey. Holy Cross probably got its first monks from the Continent. Kilcooley was a daughter of Jerpoint, county Kilkenny; Hore Abbey of Mellifont; and Owney of Lovignac in France. Holy Cross and Kilcooley were founded by King Donald O'Brien. The following is a translation of his charter granted to the former house in the year A.D. 1182 : —
" Donald, by the grace of God King of Limerick, to all kings, dukes, earls, barons, knights, and other Christians in whatever degree throughout Ireland, perpetual greeting in Christ. Know ye all good Christians that I have given, and by this my charter confirmed Cell-uaiter-lamudin, Ballidubain, Balli-e-duibain, Balli-igiridir, Balli-imoeluchain, Gualuehelach [or Ballychelach], Seirdach, Bali-ichcallach, Baliicorcain, and Iconligain-culata, together with their pertinences, for the honour of God Almighty and St. Mary the Virgin, and St. Benedict, and the Holy Cross for the salvation of my soul, and [the souls] of my parents — in fields, in woods, in pastures, in meadows, in waters, in fisheries, in mills, fully, wholly, freely and quietly, to the monks of Holy Cross, in the presence of the Lord Abbot Gregory.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 149

King's Quay at Ballintemple absorbed into park

Ballintemple · townland · Cork

The King's Quay stood at the end of the first avenue in Ballintemple leading to the river bank. Used in former times for customs duty, it was a pretty cluster of houses with a big slip and was absorbed into the park after 1852.

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There were many pretty places and romantic spots which exist no longer, as they were absorbed in the park. The " King's Quay " was one of them, and it stood at the end of the first avenue in Ballintemple that led down to the river bank, and the postern gates of the demesnes at the water side. The King's Quay looked very pretty in the evening light, with its little cluster of houses and big slip, on which the waves caused by passing steamers dashed softly. The quay was used in former times for customs' duty — hence its name, and I sat on it as late as 1852, after which it was absorbed in the park.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 282

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here was the King's Quay, which stood at the end of the first avenue in Ballintemple leading down to the river bank and the postern gates of the demesnes at the water side. It was used in former times for customs duty, which is where its name comes from. It was a pretty little cluster of houses with a big slip, where the waves from passing steamers dashed softly. The quay was absorbed into the park after 1852, and nothing remains of it now.

Local tradition of Cromwell and Hurley of Knocklong

Knocklong · town · Limerick

Local people tell a story of Oliver Cromwell having a heated altercation with Hurley of Knocklong near Cromwell Hill, in which Hurley got the better of him. The author notes this shows how little reliance can sometimes be placed on local tradition.

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A few miles south-east of Caherconlish, and in the parish of Ballinalough, there is a fine cromlech on the top of Cromwell hill. Cromwell is not what it looks in print, for the name is pronounced Crom-choill, and means " sloping wood." The people have some story about Cromwell having a hot altercation with Hurley, of Knocklong, near here, who got the better of him. This story shews what little reliance in some cases is to be placed on local tradition. The people say that these cromlechs were erected by a race of giants, and that giants(l5> were buried under them. So far as the cromlechs in the east Jordan district of Palestine are concerned, they at any rate were, I think, erected by giants, the primitive inhabitants of that district, who are variously termed Zamzummim, Rephaim, Anakim, Emim, Zozim, and Avvim. This cromlech
(13) The Black Castle was last occupied by the Wilkinsons. The Furnells lived for a long time in the other castle, Representatives of these families are resident in the county. A branch of the Wilkinson family lived at Kyleyan, near Boher, Caherconlish.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 276

Luddenmore Castle built by the Burkes near Caherconlish

Luddenmore · townland · Limerick

At the north foot of Boughal-breaga hill stood the strong castle of Luddenmore, built by the Burkes. It belonged to James Gould, second justice of Munster, who died in 1600, seized of the Dominican Abbey in Limerick and extensive lands including Corbally. Only a small piece of masonry now remains.

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erected in the year 1827 by a Limerick merchant, a Mr. Kelly, who, hav ing purchased from the representative of the Ingoldsby Massys, erected the " sugar loaf," which stood about twenty-five feet high, as a mark on his property. In doing this Mr. Kelly uprooted a cairn on the top of the hill which was surrounded by a stone circle, fragments of which may still be seen. Several large human skulls and bones were then found in the cairn, which were taken to Caherconlish House by Captain Wilson, where they were preserved until the year 1866. A very small bronze celt was also found, and was in Caherconlish House for a number of years. So far as I can judge now there were two stone circles, a large outer one, over seventy feet in diameter, and an inner one not concentric with the outer circle, with a diameter of twenty-five feet. It was about eleven feet from the south side of the outer circle, and in this small circle stands the bouchaill, which is seven and a half feet high, four and a half feet wide, and one and a half feet thick. The broad sides face east and west. It was probably the headstone(7) of the old warrior who was buried here. Compare LeabJiar Laigneach, p. 258, quoted by Meyer in his notes to the Cath Finntragha : ro claided nag do FJieirb iar sin agus do tocbad a lia agus ro scribad ainm oguim agus dorigned duma immon lice — "a grave was dug for Ferb after that, and her stone was raised, and an inscription in ogham was written, and a mound was made around the stone." Mr. Kelly's "sugar loaf" fell on the 14th of last March, but the lia still stands, stands as it stood perhaps for a couple of thousand years. At the foot of the hill, north side, may be noticed a small piece of masonry. This is all that is left of the strong castle of Luddenmore, built by the Burkes, which belonged to James Gould or Gold,(8) second justice of Munster, who died in the year 1600, seized of the Dominican Abbey in Limerick, and castle, town, and lands of Corbally, and much other land beside. Justice Gould was married to Thomasin, daughter of Sir Thomas Browne, of Hospital. Mrs. Verschoyle, wife to Rev. Hamilton S. Verschoyle, is descended from Justice Gould, and holds considerable property in Caherconlish parish. Mary, daughter to Justice Gould, was

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 274

MacFinnin MacCarthys of Ardtully Castle

Ardtully · townland · Kerry

The MacFinnin branch of the MacCarthys were located at Ardtully Castle, near Kenmare, deriving descent from Dermod of Tralee, younger son of Donal Roe, prince of Desmond. The family lost their property during the Williamite confiscation.

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^FreTmeri short This branch of the MacCarthys, located in Ardtully Journal, [8th Castle, near Kenmare, derive their descent from Dermod May, 1875. of Tralee, who was the younger son of Donal Roe, prince of Desmond. This family lost their property in the Williamite confiscation. The most remarkable members of it were Dermod of Tralee, slain by Maurice, fourth Lord Kerry, on the bench of justice, before the judge ; and in long generations after, Donal MacFinnin, the heroic defender of the bridge of Slane at the Boyne. The descent from Donal of Slane to the present day is complete, but between him and Desmond of Tralee there arc but few of the many generations given.''
The MacCarthys.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 127

Medieval church of Clenor valued in 1291 papal taxation

Clenor · parish · Cork · 1291

The church at Clenor was ancient, appearing in Pope Nicholas's 1291 taxation as Capella de Clenwyr, valued at five marks. The Book of Lismore also refers to it as an ancient burial place.

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That the church at Clenore was an ancient one, we find by the taxation of Pope Nicholas, in 1291, Capella de Clenwyr was valued five marks. In the Book of Lismore it is also referred to as " an ancient burial place."
The Protestant church at Clenor was built in 181 3, and was sold in 1887. The walls and square tower still remain. The inscription on the solid silver cup and paten belonging to the church was as follows : —

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 42

Nicholas Synan's silver chalice gift to Buttevant Franciscans

Buttevant · town · Cork · 1600

Around 1600, Nicholas Synan presented a silver gilt chalice to the Franciscan community at Buttevant. The chancel of Buttevant Abbey also contains the altar tomb of Philip John Barry and his wife Ellice Lombard with a Latin inscription in raised Lombardic capitals.

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At this time (A.D. 1600), among doubtless many another alms beside, Nicholas Synan presented a silver gilt chalice to his neighbours, the Franciscan community at Buttevant, which has the following Latin
(3) The altar tomb of this Philip John Barry and his wife is in the chancel of Buttevant Abbey. It bears the following Latin inscription in large raised Longobardic capitals running around the border of the covering slab : —

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 304

Philip Townesend of Derry, Rosscarbery, soldier in America

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

Philip Townesend of Derry, Roscarbery, was the eighth son of Bryan Townesend of Castletownsend. He served as a captain in General O'Farrell's 22nd regiment during the wars with France in America. His letters from America to his family were later printed in a published work.

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Mr. Philip Townesend of Derry, Rosscarbery, eighth son of Bryan Townesend. He was a captain in General O'Farrell's regiment, the 22nd, during the wars with France in America. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hungerford, of the Island. His letters from America to his family are printed in An Officer of the Long Parliament, pp. 242-53.
( To be conthnicd.)

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 51

As the companion tells it

Passing through Ross Carbery, Philip Townesend of Derry was the eighth son of Bryan Townesend. He served as a captain in General O'Farrell's 22nd regiment during the wars with France in America. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hungerford of the Island. His letters from America to his family were printed in An Officer of the Long Parliament.

Raths and pillar stones in Donoughmore, one removed by farmer

Donaghmore · townland · Cork

The Donoughmore area contained many pillar stones of less remarkable size and numerous raths. The author notes that one remarkable surviving block once had a companion stone that the farm owner had himself removed, expressing concern that dynamite may have destroyed others.

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Besides what I have mentioned, there are many other pillar stones less remarkable in size, and numerous raths. With all the remains I have mentioned, I was once quite familiar, but my walking days being now long passed, I tremble to think how many in these days of dynamite may have been blown up as obstructions. Indeed I know one remarkable block, adjacent to which the owner of the farm told me there had been another which he had himself removed.
Donoughmore Rectory, September, 1896.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 223

Refounding of St Finbarr's Abbey by Cormac McCarthy

Cork · city · Cork · 1134

The abbey of St Finbarr 'de Antro', originally founded by St Finbarr, was refounded in 1134 by Cormac McCarthy, king of Munster, for canons regular of the order of St Augustin. Cormac McCarthy also built the celebrated chapel on the Rock of Cashel known as 'Cormac's chapel'.

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down to the time of Elizabeth." About the period we treat of, the McCarthys were divided into several branches — McCarthy Mor of Kerry, or princes of Desmond ; McCarthy Reagh, princes of Carbcry ; McCarthys of Muskerry, and the McCarthys of Duhallow. Gerald, eighth Earl of Kildare, lord lieutenant of Ireland, gave his daughter Ellenor in marriage to Donald MacFineen McCarthy Reagh, and there is extant an indenture between the earl and McCarthy Reagh, by which on certain conditions Donald accepted to recognise the King of England, etc., dated 20th November, 1496. The power of the McCarthys was so great that all Queen Elizabeth's designs were to destroy their power (vide Life and Letters of Florence McCarthy Mor, and Historical Pedigree, by D. McCarthy Glas). We see exhibited their spirit of religion in their monastic foundations. The abbey of St. Finbarr, " de Antro," founded by St. Finbarr, was refounded by Cormac McCarthy, king of Munster, anno 11 34, for canons regular of the order of St. Augustin. He also built the celebrated chapel on the Rock of Cashel, called after him " Cormac's chapel." In 1172 the Cistercian abbey of Maur, or " de Fonte vivo," in the parish of Myross, diocese of Ross, was founded by Dermod McCarthy, king of Cork ; Tracton abbey, also Cistercian, founded by the McCarthys in 1224. The Augustinian convent of Ballymacadam, near Cork, the Franciscan abbeys of Cork, Timoleague, and Kilcrea testify to it. In Muskerry and Carbcry, in which the greater part of the diocese of Cork is situated, the power of the McCarthys was very great at this period. Hence the jealousy why the FitzGeralds would not wish to see a member of a powerful neighbouring family in the see of Cloyne.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 289

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Cork, you are travelling through old McCarthy country. By the period we are dealing with, the McCarthys had divided into several branches. There was McCarthy Mor of Kerry, princes of Desmond. There was McCarthy Reagh, princes of Carbery. There were the McCarthys of Muskerry, and the McCarthys of Duhallow. Gerald, the eighth Earl of Kildare and lord lieutenant of Ireland, gave his daughter Ellenor in marriage to Donald MacFineen McCarthy Reagh. There is an indenture still extant between the earl and McCarthy Reagh, dated 20th November 1496, by which Donald accepted to recognise the King of England on certain conditions. The power of the McCarthys was so great that all Queen Elizabeth's designs were aimed at destroying it. Their spirit of religion showed itself in their monastic foundations. The abbey of St Finbarr, called de Antro, was originally founded by St Finbarr himself. It was refounded by Cormac McCarthy, king of Munster, in 1134, for canons regular of the order of St Augustin. Cormac McCarthy also built the celebrated chapel on the Rock of Cashel, known after him as Cormac's chapel. In 1172, Dermod McCarthy, king of Cork, founded the Cistercian abbey of Maur, or de Fonte vivo, in the parish of Myross, diocese of Ross. The McCarthys founded Tracton abbey, also Cistercian, in 1224. The Augustinian convent of Ballymacadam near Cork, and the Franciscan abbeys of Cork, Timoleague, and Kilcrea, all testify to the same spirit. In Muskerry and Carbery, where the greater part of the diocese of Cork lies, the McCarthys held great power. Hence the jealousy that made the FitzGeralds unwilling to see a member of that powerful neighbouring family placed in the see of Cloyne.

Relief fund for Bandon inhabitants, 1691

Bandon · town · Cork · 1691

Edward Biggs of Riggsdale served as one of the trustees for disbursing a fund levied for the relief of the inhabitants of Bandon in 1691, under an Act providing for a levy on each county in Munster. Biggs had fled to England in 1689 with his wife and five children after being indicted for high treason in 1684.

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Was one of the trustees for the disbursement of the fund levied for the relief of the inhabitants of Bandon in 1691, under the Act providing for a levy on each county in Munster ; free of Cork, 1691 ; was indicted for high treason by one Major Lawless, in 1684, " for saying that he (Riggs) had a good estate in England, and that if he could not live quietly in Ireland he would go thither !" As a matter of fact he did go thither in 1689, he and his wife and five children. His income was then ^800 a year, " besides ;£i20 arising out of offices."
Was M.P. also for Bangor, county Down, 1715-27.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 111

Robert Travers sworn suffrain of Clonakilty, 1711

Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1711

On 25 October 1711, Robert Travers was sworn as suffrain (sovereign) of Clonakilty borough after a delay caused by contrary winds preventing communication with the lord of the borough, Henry Boyle, then in England. The lord's agent had initially brought a counsellor-at-law to argue against swearing a new suffrain until the lord's nomination arrived.

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Whereas wee, the suffrain, deputy recorder, and free burgesses of the bur. de Cloughnakilty, met at a court in the said borough on the feast of Saint Luke last past to swear a new suffrain, in obedience to an express'd clause in the charter of the said burrough ; and whereas it then appeared to us by the positive assertion of Mr. William Snowe, agent for the lord of the burrough, that the said lord had made his election of one of the three free burgesses elected and presented unto him for his nomination to serve as suffrain for the present year ; and whereas the sd. Ld. was in England, and there was then five packetts due by reason of the contrary winds, so that we cou'd receive no nomination ; and the sd. agent having brought into court Richd. French, esqre> councellor-at-law, who, in defence of the lord of the burrough, by his council pleaded the reasonableness of our defending to swear a new suffrain, in consideration whereof and of our great regard to the Ld. of the burrough, we did accordingly adjourn our court to this day ; and the lord's agent presenting to us the Ld. of the burrough's lettr. appointing Robert Travers, esqre> to be suffrain, wee have accordingly thought fitt to swear him, the sd. Robert Travers, suffrain of this borough for the present year. Dated the 25th of 8ber., 1711.
. At a court held for sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 25th of 8ber., 171 1(

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 23

As the companion tells it

Clonakilty, the town you're passing through. On October 25, 1711, Robert Travers was sworn suffrain of the borough. The story begins at a court held on the feast of Saint Luke, when the suffrain, deputy recorder, and free burgesses of Clonakilty met to swear a new suffrain, as the charter required. William Snowe, agent for the lord of the borough, told them the lord had already chosen one of three free burgesses presented to him for nomination. But the lord, Henry Boyle, was in England, and five packets were overdue because of contrary winds, so no nomination could reach them. Snowe brought Richard French, a counsellor-at-law, into court to argue on the lord's behalf that they should not swear a new suffrain until the lord's nomination arrived. Out of regard for the lord, the court adjourned. On October 25, the lord's agent presented the lord's letter appointing Robert Travers as suffrain, and they swore him in for the present year.

Secrecy breach resolution at Carrigadrohid meeting

Carrigadrohid · townland · Cork · 1823

On 7 December 1823, the Muskerry Cavalry met at Carrigadrohid and unanimously resolved that proceedings from an earlier 1 October meeting at the same place had been improperly divulged to an unauthorized person. The corps expressed high disapprobation and threatened to expunge the offender's name from the rolls.

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Dec1"- 7th [1823], at a meeting of the Corps at Carrigadrohid, the following resolution was unanimously ordered to be entered on the Corps Book : —
Resolved that it has come to our knowledge that certain proceedings of the Corps at a meeting held at Carrigadrohid, on 1st October last, were divulged to one who, according to regulations and the pledge of secrecy to which we are Bound, should not have been made acquainted with them ; and it being our opinion that such could not have transpired but through one of our members, we feel ourselves called upon to express our high disapprobation of conduct so disgraceful to us as a Corps ; and particularly so to the individual who caused it, and whose name, were we acquainted with it, should be expunged from the Muskerry Cavalry.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 147

Tradition of secret passage from Deelish souterrain to Laharan rath

Laharan · townland · Cork

A local tradition held that an underground passage ran northward from the first chamber of the Deelish souterrain to a rath about a quarter mile away in the townland of Laharan. Careful searches on two visits found no evidence of such a passage.

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In regard to " caves," as they are locally termed, of this kind, there generally exists a belief in a passage leading from them somewhere else. In the present case there is a tradition in the neighbourhood of an underground passage leading northward from the first chamber to a rath situated about a quarter of a mile off in the townland of Laharan ; but after careful search on two separate visits, the first being made in company with Mr. Joseph H. Bennett, we were satisfied that no such passage exists, and that the chambers already described comprise the whole of the sonterrain.
For an account of a similar work I would refer to Smith's description^ of "some caverns" discovered near Rosscarbery cathedral. He says — " By descending, several oval chambers were discovered, being mostly twelve feet long and six broad, having long, narrow passages leading from one to the other. These passages were but eighteen inches broad and three feet high, so that it was necessary to creep from cell to cell. . . . The roof of each cell consisted of a Gothic arch formed of a stiff clay, from the centre of which to the ground it was no more than five feet two inches high ; the walls were made of stone, smoothly

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 98

Bishop Brinkley's flower gardens at Cloyne palace

Cloyne · town · Cork

The entire space south of the old palace facing the cathedral was laid out as a maze of flower beds by Bishop Brinkley, creating a blaze of blossom in summer. He employed a head gardener, an under-gardener, and four men year-round, giving considerable employment in the town.

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Bishop Brinkley also he spoke of — his liberality, and especially his love of the cultivation of flowers ; that the entire space at the south of the old palace facing the cathedral was one maze of flower beds, and in summer one blaze of blossom.
" He had, sir, a head gardener, an under-gardener, and four men under them all the year round." Allowing for some pardonable exaggeration, the worthy bishop must have had a delightful, though costly, collection of flowers, and thus gave great employment in the town.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 78

Jonas Morris Cork token coinage, 1657

Cork · city · Cork · 1657–1659

Jonas Morris, mayor of Cork in 1659, issued one of the earliest known Cork tokens, a small coin five-eighths of an inch in diameter bearing the Cork arms on the obverse and the inscription 'Jonas Morris, of Cork' with initials 'I. M.' over the date 1657 on the reverse. The token is listed in Lindsay's Coinage of Ireland.

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Abraham Morris was probably a relative of the merchant who issued one of the earliest known Cork tokens, and who was mayor of Cork in 1659. The latter is given in Lindsay's Coinage of Ireland, and is very small, being five-eighths of an inch in diameter. On the obverse are the Cork arms ; on the reverse, around the margin, "Jonas Morris, of Cork"; and in the centre in a ring the initials " I. M." over the date 1657. The print here given is from one of these tokens in possession of the writer.

Internet Archive journalofcorkhisv21896cork, Chapter 76

As the companion tells it

Cork has a story tied to one of its earliest coins. In 1657, a merchant named Jonas Morris issued a small token in the city, just five-eighths of an inch across. He went on to become mayor of Cork in 1659. The token is listed in Lindsay's Coinage of Ireland. On one side it bears the Cork arms. On the other, around the margin, the words "Jonas Morris, of Cork," and in the centre, in a ring, the initials "I. M." over the date 1657. Abraham Morris was probably a relative of his.

Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society

The stories, best first

Cork garrison kept under arms on alarm of rising

Folk belief in Cork about horse hair turning into eels

Founding of the Duhallow Hunt at Cecilstown, 1800

Gortnagoul townland at the fork of the Deel river

Grand Parade Canal and Tuckey's Bridge

Hore Abbey and its Cistercian conversion

Killin cromleac and stone circles in parish of Kane

Kingdom of Cork Subjected to Tribute in 1172

Large human bones unearthed near Bouchaill-brege pillar-stone

Ludden parish identified with Lothian and mythic Lodan

March from Castlelyons to Cork city, 1642

Mellifont, first Irish Cistercian monastery

Murdering-hole at Blarney Castle's peel entrance

Muskerry Yeomanry muster roll's religious mix

Old Countess's deed of assignment of Inchiquin Castle

Orrery barony: etymology of Orbraidhe 'race of Orb'

Pierce de Lacy of Bruff: turbulent Desmond Rebellion chief

Raithlenn identification fixes birthplace of St. Finnbarr

Silver-gilt chalices from Ardfert Abbey

Silver-gilt chalices from Buttevant Abbey

Silver-gilt chalices from Timoleague Abbey

Silver-gilt chalices from Youghal Abbey

Solemn requiem for Pius IX at St. Mary's Church, Cork

Tribute Paid to McCarthys of Muskerry

Yeomen meet again at Macroom amid invasion fears

Burning of the Duke of Monmouth's Head sign in Cork

Clonakilty parliamentary election of 1713

Ancient diocesan boundary at the Coinne stream (Deragoole)

Arthur St. Leger MP dies on road to Doneraile

Ballytarsna Castle: vanished O'Brien stronghold with ghost stories

Barrington's Hospital founded on George's Quay

Benedictine foundation at Kilcomenty

Carrick-a-Dhirra stone circle near Dunmore East

Carved stone found near Temple Michael graveyard

Clonakilty as a lively market-day town

Colonel Donal MacFinneen fell at Aughrim

Cup-shaped depression near Knockphleimon compared to Lough Gur

Curraheen as burial place of Eamon a Cnuic per O'Donovan

Description of Blarney Castle and its fortifications

Dublin regiment's gun labelled 'Free trade or this'

Eaton Stannard carried Cork freedom patent to Dean Swift, 1737

Epitaph with forge implements in Fedamore churchyard

Execution of Thomas FitzGibbon at Kilmallock

Fenian insurgents dispersed by constabulary at Drogheda

Kilcooley Abbey, daughter of Jerpoint

King's Quay at Ballintemple absorbed into park

Local tradition of Cromwell and Hurley of Knocklong

Luddenmore Castle built by the Burkes near Caherconlish

MacFinnin MacCarthys of Ardtully Castle

Medieval church of Clenor valued in 1291 papal taxation

Nicholas Synan's silver chalice gift to Buttevant Franciscans

Philip Townesend of Derry, Rosscarbery, soldier in America

Raths and pillar stones in Donoughmore, one removed by farmer

Refounding of St Finbarr's Abbey by Cormac McCarthy

Relief fund for Bandon inhabitants, 1691

Robert Travers sworn suffrain of Clonakilty, 1711

Secrecy breach resolution at Carrigadrohid meeting

Tradition of secret passage from Deelish souterrain to Laharan rath

Bishop Brinkley's flower gardens at Cloyne palace

Jonas Morris Cork token coinage, 1657