Limerick, its history and antiquities; ecclesiastical, civil, and military,from the earliest ages, with copious historical, archaeological, topographical, and genealogical notes

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. Water supply estimate for Limerick New Town, 1825

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1825

   Limerick's New Town suffered from a lack of domestic water supply despite proximity to the river. Engineer R. Leadbetter made an estimate for supplying water via subterranean pipes, lodged with the Clerk of the Peace on 9 January 1825.

   Read the passage

   One of the great wants which the New Town continued to suffer from was that of a sufficient supply of water for domestic use, &c. Though in the immediate proximity of a superabundance of the vivifying stream, there was no means hitherto of bringing it to the houses of the citizens. Mr. R. Leadbetter, an engineer, made an estimate for supplying the desideratum by means of subterranean pipes. The estimate was lodged in the office of the Clerk of the Peace on the 9th of January, in 1825, and it amounted

   written in Latin Pons Calvus. It is also -written Baal's Bridge. It was known in the fourteenth century,' and is quartered, as already stated, on tiie Galway arms, in reference to the battle that was fought on it in 1361, in which John of Galway was the victor. It is mentioned in the Bibernia Focata as the Ye Bridge, and in old maps printed in Loyden in the seventeenth century, as the Tiiye Bridge, it was a quaint old structnre — a sort of old London Bridge in miniature — with its old-fashioned hruses on both sides, its shops, &c. Tradition speaks of it as having been originally built, in far distant time, by one Baal, whom St. Patrick converte i to Christiani'y when at Singland. It has been frequently the subject of legislative enactment, and in the Acts of Parliament it is called Baal's Bridge.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 271

2. William III at Carrickfergus and Limerick

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1690–1691

   William III landed at Carrickfergus in 1690, progressed to Limerick, was defeated and retreated during the first siege, then returned to England. He besieged Limerick again in 1691.

   Read the passage

   William III. lands at Carrickfergus (1690), 213 ; his progress, 213 ; progress to Limerick, 222 ; his defeat and retreat, siege of Limerick, 240 to 251 ; returns to England, 251 : siece of Limerick in 1698, 251 to 268 ; proceedings in Parliament, 252.

   William IV., King, died |1837], 491.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

3. Williamite army concentrated at Mullingar camp

   Mullingar · town · Westmeath · 1691

   Ginkle reached the camp at Mullingar where he found multiple regiments of foot and horse already assembled. He gave directions regarding the contraction of winter defensive works and left heavy artillery there before marching on 6 June.

   Read the passage

   Towards the end of May, Major-General Talmash, who was sent over by William, arrived in Dubhn ; he was accompanied by Sir Martin Beckman, chief of the corps of Engineers. In a day or two they proceeded towards the camp, where the soldiers had been occupied in hanging such of the poor Irish as came in their way. Storey states that on one occasion thirty-five were killed, and six were "fairly '■* hanged.^ Orders were issued to aU sellers of ale and other liquors to dispose of none, but good brewed ale and genuine liquors to the soldiers in camp, in order to prevent diseases ; sellers were directed to procure licenses from Dublin. The latter portion of the order was withdrawn sometime after, not being found convenient to any of the parties interested. On the 30th of May, Ginkle, in chief command, travelled from Dublin, and slept that night at Tycroghan. Next day he reached the camp at Mullingar, where he found KirFs, Lord Meath's, Lord Lisburn's, Lord Cutts', Colonel Foulkes', Colonel Brewer^s, Lord George

   > White's MSS. » Storey's Continuation, &c.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 140

4. Williamite army marches to Caherconlish

   Caherconlish · town · Limerick · 1691

   On July 24th, 1691, Ginkle's forces marched to Caherconlish. From there, Ginkle with principal officers went within two miles of Limerick to view the city, encountering Irish scouts on a high hill.

   Read the passage

   were father to their thoughts. They had but little bread. The people fled from them in all directions, except at Shallee and the Silvermines, where it is said the inhabitants aided the progress of Ginkle's artillery, and where certain returns were given to parties for services they rendered. They encamped on the 12th at TuUa/ and here some deserters from Limerick informed them of what was passing. It was here it was mentioned to Ginkle that Lord Tyrconnell had taken dangerously ill, and that no hopes were entertained of his recovery. Ginlcle sent several proclamations among the deserters, and contrived that some copies of them should obtam circulation in the city. On the 24th they marched to Caherconlish ; and from that place, on the day after, Ginkle, with the principal officers, went with a party within two miles of Limerick, near which three Irish scouts were posted on the top of a high hiU on the left, two of whom deserted to the WilHamites. On the morning of the 15th, at an earlyhour, Major General Euvigny, at the head of 1500 horse and dragoons, and 1000 detached foot, as a reserve in case of danger, under the Prince of Hesse, with six field pieces, were ordered to march to Limerick. They were accompanied by General Ginkle and all the chief officers, in order to view the city. The Irish army were vigilant and active. As the Williamite soldiery approached they got a hot reception from firing parties, by which the hedges were lined. Several brisk skirmishes ensued, in which men bit the dust on both sides. A reconnaisance, however, was made, by which Ginkle judged of the formidable preparations that had been made to defend the city. He saw that Ireton's fort had been repaired, and that a new fort had been built. He saw that a third fort had been begun, with a Hue of communication from one to the other, but that it had not been as yet finished. He also saw that there were two field pieces at Ireton's fort, which, however, were not fired, and which were drawn ofP to the city next day. He was now told that Lord TyrcormeU had died the day previous, and the intelligence was imparted by a Captain Hagan who deserted, a drummer having gone before him. There is no doubt that Lord Tyrconnell was in a very anomalous position throughout, and that but little confidence was reposed in him by thelrish. It is said he was slighted to such a degree, that while the Irish camp was at Athlone, Lieut.-Colonel Connor went to his lordship's tent, and told him to quit the camp or he would cut his tent cords.^ Were we to judge of the feelings entertained of Tyrconnell by the Williamites, by the manner in which their historians write of him, it is indisputable that they held liim in no bad odour. On the contrary, they manifested a favorable disposition to him, and rather dwelt on the circumstances of his position with sympathy. _ Ginkle next day seized a quantity of bread carts, which were coming from Tipperary, under a convoy of militia, horse and dragoons, whom he sent home again.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 140

5. Convent of St. Clare opened in Barrack Street

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1812

   A convent of the order of St. Clara was opened at Limerick on 1 April 1812, with Mrs. Naughton as first prioress. The house, built by Henry Rose on part of the former Dominican Convent ground, was situated in Barrack Street with gardens bounded by the Eastern curtain of the Town wall.

   Read the passage

   For the first time for a great number of years, a convent of ladies of the order of St. Clara, or St. Clare, was opened at Limerick on the 1st of April, 1812, Mrs. Naughton being the first prioress. The house was situated in Barrack-street, and the gardens were bounded by the Eastern curtain of the Town wall. This house was built by Henry Rose, Esq., on part of the ground which had once belonged to the Dominician Convent. ^

   In this year, through the liberality of Miss White a Catholic lady, who gave largely for the endowment of many charitable institutions in her native city, and of Mrs. Banks a Protestant lady, each having contributed £1000, a Lying-in Hospital was opened for the reception of patients in Nelson-street. In some years afterwards this Hospital was removed to Henry-street, where it has continued to be of great advantage to all who stand in need of its services.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 246

6. Ormond attempts to garrison Limerick with royal troops

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1649

   Ormond came to Limerick and tried to persuade the citizens to receive 1,500 infantry and 300 cavalry as the only means of saving the kingdom. The proposal was rejected, which Ormond attributed to the influence of the clergy.

   Read the passage

   CromwelLj having taken the field in 1649;, perpetrated the most revolting excesses. The Province of Connaught, however, continued in the hands of the Cathohcs, whilst Waterford, Limerick, and Galway, were so strong as to be capable of resisting the advances of Ireton, the son-in-law and Heutenantgeneral of Cromwell. These cities, too, hoped for succours from sea, and feared no force that could be brought against them. The forts of Duncaunon and Sligo, the castles of Athlone, Charlemont, Carlow, and Nenagh, were in the hands of the Catholics also. Strength and numbers were of no avail, however, without union, and we have seen already how deficient in that essential element were the councils of the Cathohc party — parties, we should say — for the CathoHcs were split up into contending factions. Ormond allowed the Catholics to select a leader in place of CNeil ; the choice fell upon M'Mahon, the Catholic Bishop of Clogher, who not only stood high in the estimation of Ormond, but possessed great favour with the Ulster Irish. ^ M^Mahon saw the necessity of the whole nation uniting together as one man for their defence j he laboured so hard with the clergy that he got them to enter into a superficial union at least, to bury in forgetfulness all that had passed ; to enter into solemn resolutions that for life, fortune, religion, they could expect no security from Cromwell ; to express their detestation of all animosity between the old Irish and the English and the Scotch Eoyalists, and their resolution to punish all the clergy who should encourage them. Brave and courageous in his new capacity, but deficient in experience and generalship, M'^Mahon was defeated with great loss in a battle at Letterkenny, by Sir Charles Coote. Ormond at once cast his eyes on Limerick, " a place of the utmost consequence, and which soon would be attempted by the Parliament forces.''^ Having come to Limerick, he endeavoured to persuade the citizens to receive fifteen hundred infantry soldiers and three hundred cavalry, as the only means of saving the kingdom ; this proposal Avas rejected ; and Ormond attributed its rejection to the influence of the clergy. He summoned twenty-four of the CathoHc Bishops to attend him at Limerick, that he might confer with them and some of the nobility, and resolve, on their advice and assistance, on effectual measures for the advancement of the King^s service and that of the people. A conference was held, in which the Bishops agreed to certain propositions which they presented to Ormond for the removal of the discontents ; they required that the Receiver General should account for the monies levied since the peace, and that a privy council should be composed of the native nobility, spiritual and temporal, to assist the Government. Ormond consented. The Bishops then published a declaration that they would root out of menu's hearts all jealousies and sinister opinions of Ormond and the Government, desiring his further directions, and promising, on their part, the utmost care and industry. These proceedings partially changed the determination of the citizens of Limerick — but events proved that the change

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 93

7. Bryan Salmon dies in Mungret Street aged 104

   Mungret Street · street · Limerick · 1821

   Bryan Salmon, a shoemaker, died in Mungret Street, Limerick, aged 104 years. He retained his faculties to the day of his death.

   Read the passage

   Bryan Salmon, a shoemaker, died in Mungret-street, aged 104 years. He retained liis faculties to the day of his death.

   The Catholic rent collected in Limerick from May until the end of December (1824) amounts to £314 17s. Id.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 263

8. Exchange built by Mayor William York, 1673

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1673

   William York, a Dutchman and ancestor of the Stamers of Carnelly, began building the Exchange in Limerick in 1673 during his mayoralty and finished it at his own cost, bestowing it on the city. He also contributed to recasting the ring of bells in St. Mary's Cathedral and set up the chimes.

   Read the passage

   In 1673 this year, William York, a Dutchman, and ancestor of the Stamers of Carnelly, County Clare, being mayor, began to build the Exchange ; and York being again chosen mayor, it is said that he finished it

   > Wbita'i MSS. ' From Corporation Book in British Mu£«am.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 117

   As the companion tells it

   As you pass through Limerick, there is the Exchange. In 1673, William York, a Dutchman and ancestor of the Stamers of Carnelly, began building it while he was mayor. Chosen mayor again, he finished it at his own cost and gave it to the city. He also helped recast the ring of bells in St. Mary's Cathedral and set up the chimes.

9. John O'Meally dies aged 104 at Killaloe

   Killaloe · town · Clare · 1814

   John O'Meally died at Killaloe aged 104, having worked as a labourer until a short time before his death, as reported in the Limerick Chronicle.

   Read the passage

   Died at Killaloe, John O'Meally, aged 104 ; he worked as a labourer till a short time before his death. — Limerick Chronicle, November dth.

   November In this month, mile stones were erected on the canal and track ways between

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 247

10. 1609 perambulation defining county of the city of Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1609

    On 31 August 1609, commissioners perambulated and measured three miles of land around Limerick in every direction, defining the county of the city's boundaries from St. John's Gate and Mungret Gate. The indenture names numerous towns, castles, brooks, moats, and landmarks as boundary markers along the circuit.

    Read the passage

    The first bound, mear, or limit, from St. John's Gate, is and doth extend to the new small hillock, round, or moat, made by the causea on the west of Killcowline, betwixt Koshard on the east, and Gortdromagh, west, Gortnehowyle, north-west, all which is the mear of Kilcowline and Walshestown.

    The second mear, or bound, is another round which draweth from the first, eastward, standing upon the hill south-east of Carrigparson ; the town and lands of Carrigparson lieth within the same, toward the city.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 74

11. Adare convent built at Earl of Dunraven's expense

    Adare · townland · Limerick · 1854

    The handsome Convent of Adare was built near the Catholic parochial church at the sole expense of the Earl of Dunraven. It was established as a branch of the Limerick Sisters of Mercy community in 1854.

    Read the passage

    daily offering themselves for admission^ the Sisters of Mercy founded a new Oqihanage, Mount St. Vincent, on the 3rd of April, 1850. On the 5th of July, 1851, the foundation stone of the present really ornamental and commodious building was laid at Mount St. Vincent by the Et. Eev. Dr. Eyan, who was attended on the occasion by a large number of clergymen connected with the city. The Limerick Convent has established several foundations, including Kinsale, 15th April, 1844; Killarney, 30th April, same year; Mallow, 13th October, 1845; Glasgow, August, 1849; and Edinburgh, 7th July, 1858. The branch convents in immediate connection "ndth the Limerick house, are, St. Catherine's (Newcastle West), 24th October, 1849; Eathkeale, opened 19th August, 1850; Eoscommon, 1853; Ennis, 1851; Adare, 1854. The handsome Convent of Adare has been built near the Cathohc parochial church, at the sole expense of the Earl of Dunraven. The Sisters of Mercy were introduced to the Union Workhouse Hospital on the 4th of January, 1861. A Widows' Asylum, founded by the Very Eev. W. A. O'Meara, O.S.E., for 18 widows, was begun near the Orphanage of Mt. St. Vincent, in 1861. The Tipperary branch house was opened on the 6th of October, 1864. The community now (1865) numbers 60 nuns, who devote their time to the instruction of the children of the poor, to the visiting of the sick, &c. During his life-time, the Eight Eev. Dr. Eyan gave very large sums to the Orphanage, to the Convents of Newcastle, E,athkeale, &c. The following is a hst of the schools under the care of the Sisters of

    Mercy : —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 281

12. Antiquities near Bruff: Carrigoreely and Castle Brittas

    Bruff · town · Limerick

    Near Bruff are the antiquities of Carrigoreely, or O'Farrell's Rock, built by the Bourkes and last occupied by the O'Dalys; and the ruins of Castle Brittas, built by the Bourkes, Lords of Brittas.

    Read the passage

    Antiquities near the town: Carrigoreely, or " O'Farrell's Rock", built by the Bourkes, and last occupied by the O'Dalys ; Croc-a-ySenenachuslean, or " the old Hall of the Castle", the outer wall of an old fortress apparently ; and the ruins of Castle Brittas, built by the Bourkes, Lords of Brittas.

    An insciiption in the chancel of Cahirconlish Church is on the tomb of Theobald, son, we believe, of the first Lord Castleconnell, who was killed in action against Fitzmaurice, during the Desmond war. Fitzmaurice also lost his life in it, being killed by Theobald ; and consequently Sir Williain de Burgh was created Lord Castleconnell by Ehzabeth. The following is all that can be read of the inscription :

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 427

13. Ardpatrick burned and death of Archbishop Celsus

    Ardpatrick · townland · Limerick · 1114–1129

    According to O'Donovan's Annals, Ardpatrick was burned in 1114. Ceallach, or Celsus, Archbishop of Armagh, died at Ardpatrick in Munster in 1129, as recorded in the Annals of Ulster and the Four Masters.

    Read the passage

    A.D. 1114, x4irdpatrick burned this year, O'Donovan, jFb?«' J/., vol. ii. p 999. Ceallach, or Cclsus, Archbishop of Armagh, died in Ard Padraii-, in Munster, a.d. 1129, ib. p. 1033. See also Colgan, Trias Jhaum., p.p. 300, 301. Also Annals of Ulster, at 1129. See also Four Masters, at 1602,— O'Connellan.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 423

14. Attainders for high treason in City and County of Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1696

    After the Williamite wars, numerous citizens and landowners in the city and county of Limerick were attainted for high treason and their properties confiscated. The list includes merchants, gentlemen, and nobles from townlands across Limerick such as Ballymoney, Lisnakelly, Rathjordan, Hospital, Ballyclough, Castletown, and Ballyvaughan.

    Read the passage

    The executioner and the confiscator, meantime, were active in their respective callings ; and the following list from the Book of Attainder's MSS. comprises the names of those who in the city and county of Limerick — to which we add a few remarkable names in Tipperary and Dublin — were, at this crisis, attainted for high treason, and whose properties went into the rapacious jaws of the spoliators to be dealt with " according to law" : —

    Burke, Patrick, City of Limerick, gent., 1696,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 166

15. Augustinian monastery at Rathkeale

    Rathkeale · town · Limerick · 1289–1542

    A monastery of the Canons of Arroasia (Order of St. Augustine) was extant at Rathkeale, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. It was founded and endowed by Gilbert Harvey in 1289 and further endowed by his descendant Eleanor Purcell.

    Read the passage

    The Parish Church of Eathkeal all belongs to the Chancellor. Dedicated to the Most Holy Trinity. Here is extant the Monastery of the Canons of Arroasia, of the Order of St. Augustine [founded and endowed by Gilbert Harvey, in 1289, and further endowed by his descendant Eleanor Purcell, who caused it to be dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Note by JI. L.]

    Church of Keilscannil. Belongs to the Chancellor. Dedicated. ... 5 0

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 325

16. Augustinian priory at Rathkeale

    Rathkeale · town · Limerick · 1289

    An Augustinian priory of the Order of St. Aroasia was founded at Rathkeale in 1289 by Gilbert Harvey and further endowed by Eleanor Purcell, who dedicated it to the Blessed Virgin Mary. The side walls, gable, and towers were still extant at the time of writing.

    Read the passage

    1289. A priory of Augustinian Canons, of the Order of St. Aroasia founded by Gilbert Harvey. It was further endowed by his descendant Eleanor Purcell, who caused it to be dedicated to the B.V.M. The side walls, gable, and towers, are still extant , and some years ago a project was entertained of roofing in the ruins of the ancient church for the purposes of a Catholic parochial church.

    1580. On the arrival of the Spaniards at Smerewick, the Queen's forces under Giey and Ormonde, assembled here.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 435

17. Ballasimon tenants hold land without rent to mayor

    Ballysimon (Dickson) · townland · Limerick

    An inquisition recorded that Phillis White, Simon ffanning, and Edmond Burke of Ballasimon held parcels of land accounted as one ploughland, part of the forty ploughlands, for which they paid no rent to the mayor and corporation.

    Read the passage

    s This inquisition shows the grants of King John to the bishops of Limerick ; the grants of Queen Elizabeth of St. Mary's Priory and its lands at 4d. per acre, to Edmond Sexten, and also the lands of Monksland, Clasknagilly, Branlouge and Inshymore, to the said Edward Sexten ; the grants by letters patent of King Henry III. to the Leper House, near the city of Limerick, of forty ploughlands, one ploughland of which the said master of the said Leper Hospital* held when the inquisition was taken — that Gerald, Earl of Desmond held one ploughland in fee of the land called Corbally, parcel of the said forty ploughlands, that he was attainted of high treason, whereby the ploughland became seized by the Queen Elizabeth who granted the same by letters patent to Robert Annislie, one of the undertakers in the Co. of Limerick, for the yearly rent of forty shillings — that Corbally now (1615) is in the possession of Thomas Gould by conveyance and assignment of Annislie, and that no rent is paid out of it to the Ma3-or and commonality of Limerick. The inquisition found that Bealus, alias Courtbrack, was another of the fortj' ploughlands — that the Earl of Desmond held it in fee, that on his attainder it ivas granted by Queen Elizabeth to Robert Annislie at a rent of three pounds per annum ; and that it is now (1615) in possession of the Earl of Thomond, and paid no rent to the mayor &c. The inquisition further found that half a ploughland called Farranygallogh, parcel of the said forty ploughlands, was in the tenure and occupation of the nunnery of Killone, in the County of Clare, which together with the nunnery and its possessions came unto the cro^^Ti, and was by letters patent granted to the said Baron of Insequine, and is now (1615) in the possession of the Earl of Thomond for which no rent is paid to the mayor &c. The inquisition also found that two parts of two ploughlands in three parts divided in Ratwyrd, being parcel of the said forty ploughlands, came into Queen Elizabeth's hands by the attainder of John Browne, and were by the Queen granted to the said Robert Annislie, out of which £G rent is paid to the King, and that three other parcela of land — viz. Gorteardboher, containing ten acres, Gortrebowley, live acres, Rathgreylan, lifteea acres, with three parcels of land, are accounted for one ploughland, parcel of the said forty ploughlands, and are now in tenure and possession of Phillis White, Simon ffanning, and Edmond Burke of Ballasimon, for which they pay no rent to the mayor &c. The inquisition further finds that certain other such parcels of Gowens lying south near St. John's Gate, and the land of Martui Croft, and Clownegonderiske, containing a ploughland, being part of the forty ploughlands, are now in the tenure of the mayor and commonality of the city, and that the mayor and commonality are seized of the following parcels of land being part of the said forty ploughlands : viz. Park, containing ^ths of a ploughland in possession of Thomas Comyn, held by him from the

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 76

18. Battle at Latteragh in Ormond

    Latteragh · townland · Tipperary · 1117

    In 1117 the same Connaught forces defeated the Munster troops at Latteragh in Ormond with still greater loss than at Leacan.

    Read the passage

    tlic plains of CoBha iu Tyrone,' on wliicli occasion the royal tent and marly Valuable jewels were captured.''^ The following years are chiefly occupied with resultless campaigns between Murtagh and Macloughlin, and the interposition of the clergy in bringing about temporary pacifications. In 1114, say the amials/ " a great fit of sickness attacked Murtagh O'Brien, so that he became a living skeleton, and resigned his kingdom; and Diarmuid (his brother) assumed the kingdom of Munster after him without pennission/^ During Murtagh^s absence in Leinster, Thomond was invaded by Torlogh O'Connor, king of Connaught, who plundered the country as far as Limerick, and carried off spoil and prisoners. On this occasion Donald O'Brien, son of Teige, was slain while defending his country against the invaders. In the second year after also, 1116, Torlogh O'Connor again invaded Thomond, and advancing Avithout resistance, demolished Kincora as well as the fort of Boromha, which had been erected by Brian Boru — an insult which the Dalcassians vainly attempted to avenge under Dermod, brother of Murtagh O'Brien, who led an army into Connaught, but was repulsed and obliged to make a precipitate retreat. In 1117, Thomond was again invaded by the forces of Connaught, commanded by Brian, son of Morrogh O'Elaherty, and the son of Cathal O'Connor, who defeated the Munster troops first at Leacan in West Thomond, and afterwards at Latteragh in Ormond, with still greater loss. The death of Dermod O'Brien was followed in a year by that of his brother Murtagh. Tliis event took place in 1119, and this eminent prince, whose character ranked so high in his lifetime that he was often consulted by the king of England, Henry I., was buried in the cathedral of Killaloe, which, from the time of the donation of Cashel to the Church, to the period of the Anglo-Norman invasion, became the residence of the descendants of the illustrious Brian Boru.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 21

19. Battle at Leacan in West Thomond

    near Leacan · minor feature · Galway · 1117

    In 1117 Connaught forces commanded by Brian O'Flaherty and Cathal O'Connor's son defeated Munster troops at Leacan in West Thomond.

    Read the passage

    tlic plains of CoBha iu Tyrone,' on wliicli occasion the royal tent and marly Valuable jewels were captured.''^ The following years are chiefly occupied with resultless campaigns between Murtagh and Macloughlin, and the interposition of the clergy in bringing about temporary pacifications. In 1114, say the amials/ " a great fit of sickness attacked Murtagh O'Brien, so that he became a living skeleton, and resigned his kingdom; and Diarmuid (his brother) assumed the kingdom of Munster after him without pennission/^ During Murtagh^s absence in Leinster, Thomond was invaded by Torlogh O'Connor, king of Connaught, who plundered the country as far as Limerick, and carried off spoil and prisoners. On this occasion Donald O'Brien, son of Teige, was slain while defending his country against the invaders. In the second year after also, 1116, Torlogh O'Connor again invaded Thomond, and advancing Avithout resistance, demolished Kincora as well as the fort of Boromha, which had been erected by Brian Boru — an insult which the Dalcassians vainly attempted to avenge under Dermod, brother of Murtagh O'Brien, who led an army into Connaught, but was repulsed and obliged to make a precipitate retreat. In 1117, Thomond was again invaded by the forces of Connaught, commanded by Brian, son of Morrogh O'Elaherty, and the son of Cathal O'Connor, who defeated the Munster troops first at Leacan in West Thomond, and afterwards at Latteragh in Ormond, with still greater loss. The death of Dermod O'Brien was followed in a year by that of his brother Murtagh. Tliis event took place in 1119, and this eminent prince, whose character ranked so high in his lifetime that he was often consulted by the king of England, Henry I., was buried in the cathedral of Killaloe, which, from the time of the donation of Cashel to the Church, to the period of the Anglo-Norman invasion, became the residence of the descendants of the illustrious Brian Boru.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 21

20. Battle of Dangan Hill (1646)

    near Dangan · street · Galway · 1646

    A battle took place at Dangan Hill in 1646.

    Read the passage

    13, 14, 17, 35, 36, 213. Dangan hill, battle of (1646), 160. Deaneries in thirteenth century, 558;^temp. Bishop

    O'Dea, 558. De Burgo, William, grant to, 49; family of, 127;

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

21. Battle of the Boyne

    near River Boyne · river · Kildare · 1690

    The poem recalls the Battle of the Boyne, where the river's billows flashed with blood, describing it as the first overthrow for the Irish forces fighting for the Stuart cause.

    Read the passage

    I saw the royal Boyne, when its billows flashed with blood ;

    I fought at Graine Og, where a thousand horsemen fell ; On the dark, empurpled field of Aughrim, too, I stood. On the plain by Tubberdonny's Well. Och ! ochone !

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 156

22. Bishop Eustace de l'Eau repaired and beautified cathedral in 1311

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1311–1400

    In 1311, Bishop Eustace de l'Eau (or Waters) repaired and beautified St. Mary's Cathedral. Later, in the fifteenth century, possibly Bishop Cornelius O'Dea made changes pervading the entire church, giving it a comparatively modern appearance.

    Read the passage

    No substantial change Avas made in the cathedral from its first erection. In 1311, Bishop Eustace do I'Eau, or Waters, repaired and beautified it. A change Avas indeed made in the fifteenth century, jDcrhaps by Bishop Cornelius O'Dca, Avhich pervades the entire church, and gives it unhappily a comparatively modern appearance. The style of the church at the commencement Avas pure Saxon, the semicircular arch of which was often retained in the Norman doorAvay, Avhich is remarkable for its recessed concentric arches and richly decorated pillars, both styles being varieties of the Romanesque, reminding one of some of the churches of Canterbury. This is visible in the western doorway recently cleared aAvay, and in all the clerestory AvindoAvs — in all the mouldings, few as they are — in the clumsiness of the pillars and loAvness of the arches, and in the red standstone jamb lining of the doors and windoAvs. At this time arose some innovator, who could see beauty only in the pointed arch, and he declai'cd fierce Avar upon the round one ; and so efiectually had this idea been acted upon, that the pointed arch is everywhere to be seen — in the large AvindoAvs, in the transept, in the nave, even in the arches under the toAver. In the clerestory Avindows alone does the round arch appear ; but the innovator, while leaving these untouched, with an extreme consistency,

    ' Wiliinsoti's Ancient Architecture of Ireland.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 318

23. Bishop Jebb monument in the north transept

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1836

    A white marble statue of Bishop John Jebb of Limerick, sculpted by E. M. Baily in 1836, was erected in the north transept of the cathedral by friends of religion and literature in Ireland, England, and America. A list of subscribers cut in white marble is placed against the transept wall behind the statue.

    Read the passage

    The monument to the Right Rev. Dr. Jebb is placed in the north transept. It represents the bishop seated in canonicals, with a book in his left hand, the right arm resting near the knee. It is admirably wrought out in all the details, in white marble, being the work of E. M. Baily, R.A., 1836.

    On the pedestal, which is of white marble also, is this inscription : — •

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 345

24. Bishop-kings of Cashel and Emly, 9th century

    Emly · town · Tipperary · 851–872

    Cashel had two bishops who were also kings—Olchobar, who died in 851, and Cenfelad, who died in 872—whose jurisdiction extended to Emly. They were predecessors of the learned and warlike Cormac Mac Cullenan.

    Read the passage

    Lower Shannon, as appears from the life of St Carbrach of Lismore,' but in the year 861, it ceased to be the name of the river and was usually applied to the Danish fortress already referred to, and the city now became known by the designation which before had been exclusively given to that portion of the river between it and the sea, and by which it is called to this day .2 The Danish occupation was ever a source of intense dissatisfaction and conunotion. Perjietual war was its result ; the invaders, who were everywhere regarded with horror, were no where more detested than in the neighbourhood of the Shannon, of which they endeavoured to monopohse to their exclusive possession. In 884 the Coimaught men attacked and destroyed numbers of Danes. But the day was approaching in which the sacrilegious tyrants were destined to meet a decisive check — in which the Irish by their strong arms were to win for a season protection and tranquilHty. Cashel had long before embraced the Christian faith, had two of its bishops — viz. Olchobar who died in 851, and Cenfelad, who died in 872, who were kings as well as bishops; and their jurisdiction extended to Emly,^ and they were the predecessors of the learned and warlike Cormac, son of CuUenan, who derived from Engusa Nafrach the first son of the king of Cashel who was baptised by St. Patrick.* The aggressions of the Danes of Limerick had everywhere become so intolerable that Cormac resolved to curb their insolence. To reduce the people to order, to queU their intestine dissensions, to show the results of those insane divisions which even in the time of wliich we treat, had rendered them feeble when opposed by a united enemy, was the grand aim of Cormac Mac Cullenan, who during the heat of conflicts and troubles ascended the throne of Cashel, in 901, and wore the mitre of the united sees of Cashel and Emly. His example and influence were all-powerful in the achievement of the grand object on which he had set his princely heart.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 10

25. Bishop Lacy arrives in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1738

    Dr. Robert Lacy, consecrated Bishop of Limerick in Bordeaux on 23 February 1738, landed in Limerick in September 1738 to take up his see.

    Read the passage

    On the death of the Right Rev. Doctor Cornelius O'Keeffi}, Dr. Pierce Creagh, Dean of Limerick, convened the chapter, and they elected Dr. John Lehy, Pastor of St. John's, and Dr. John Begley, Pastor of Newcastle, to be capitular vicars during the vacancy of the see. This election was afterwards confirmed by Dr. Christopher Butler, Archbishop of Cashcl.' The same chapter, at the same time, entered on a scrutiny for the electino- and postulating a worthy successor to their deceased bishop. Dr. Cornelius O'KeefFe, to the see of Limerick, when, after a mature deliberation in the parish chapel of St. John's, they thought proper to elect and postulate these three, viz.. Dr. John Lehy, then capitular vicar and pastor of St. John's, Dr. Pierce Creagh, then dean and pastor of St. Mary's, and Dr. Robert Lacy, a child of the diocese, and then superior of the Irish seminary of Bourdeaux. This postulation was immediately despatched oiF to the see of Rome for its determination. On the evening of the same day the greatest part of the members of the chapter, together with most of the parish priests of tile diocese, had a private meeting, where they elected and postulated solely the Rev. Robert Lacy, superior of the Irish seminary of Bourdeaux, to be Bishop of Limerick, which postulation was also sent to the court of Rome, and was attended with success. Dr. Lacy was afterwards named by the court of Rome as Bishop of Limerick. On the 23rd of February, in the year 1738, he was consecrated Bishop of Limerick by his Grace the Right Rev. Francis Mariban, Archbishop of Bourdeaux, and he landed in Limerick in the month of September, 1738.

    The following is an account of the parish priests in the diocese of Limerick when the Right Rev. Dr. Cornelius O'Keeffe, Bishop of Limerick, died, the 4th of May, 1737, and when the Right Rev. Dr. Robert Lacy became Bishop of Limerick,^ consisting then of four decanates: —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 356

26. Bishop Milner visits Limerick and examines Black Book

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1808

    Bishop Milner visited Limerick in 1808 and saw the ancient taxatio dicecesis in the Black Book, noting it was in the handwriting of Cornelius O'Dea. The visit also involved examination of the episcopal seal described in the will of Thomas Arthur.

    Read the passage

    Bisliop Milner states that the ancient taxatio dicecesis in the Black Book which he saw on his visit to Limerick in 1808, is in the handwriting of Cornehus O'Dea. A description of the episcopal seal, the only one extant, is preserved in the note Ave have just given from the will of Thomas Arthur. Those indeed Avere bright and happy days for the Church. Under the influence of this great Irish bishop everything flourished. Men lived and died for religion. It is probable that the oak stalls and " misereres", which even at this hour win the admiration of every visitor of St. Mary's Cathedral, are of the time of O'Dea: the carvings on the "misereres" (or seats with ledges, A\'hich were turned up to allow the occupant of the stall to rest during the recital of the divine offices) are of this period ; they are similar in many respects, to the carvings on the misereres in some English cathedrals.' It is equally probable that Bishop O'Dea founded the valuable MS. library of St. Mary's Cathedral (a few specimens of which we believe are yet in existence), and of Avhich a catalogue, to some extent at least, is preserved among the Sloane MSS. in the British Museum.

    The folloAving is a portion of the catalogue translated :

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 329

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Limerick, there is a story from 1808. Bishop Milner came here that year and saw something remarkable. In the Black Book, he found the ancient taxatio diocesis, and he noted that it was in the handwriting of Cornelius O'Dea. A description of the episcopal seal, the only one extant, is preserved in the will of Thomas Arthur. Those were bright and happy days for the Church. Under this great Irish bishop everything flourished, and men lived and died for religion. It is probable that the oak stalls and misereres, which even now win the admiration of every visitor to St. Mary's Cathedral, date from the time of O'Dea. The misereres are seats with ledges, turned up to allow the occupant of the stall to rest during the recitation of the divine offices. Their carvings are similar in many respects to those on the misereres in some English cathedrals. It is equally probable that Bishop O'Dea founded the valuable manuscript library of St. Mary's Cathedral, a few specimens of which are believed to be yet in existence. A catalogue of it is preserved among the Sloane manuscripts in the British Museum.

27. Bishop O'Dea's crozier and mitre, 1418

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1418

    Bishop Cornelius O'Dea commissioned a crozier and mitre in 1418, inscribed in Latin. These treasures remained in the possession of the Catholic Bishops of the See of Limerick, and the mitre was still in use at consecrations in the 19th century.

    Read the passage

    " Me fieri fecit || corneli' odeaigh || eps limiricens' || a°do' M°cccc°xviii t(et) consecracionis || sue anno xviii.'

    It is stated in the White ]^ISS. that these precious treasures had been always in the possession of the Catholic Bishops of the See of Limerick.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 329

28. Bishop of Derry killed by English soldiers

    Derry · townland · Limerick · 1604

    In 1604, during ongoing persecution, Bishop Galcorg of Derry and Vice-Primate was killed by English soldiers. This was noted as part of the continuing persecution of Catholics.

    Read the passage

    Kilkeuny, Wexford, and Cashel, were obliged to submit iu theii* turn. The publication of a general amnesty had, however, for a time, a tranquil: sing effect. This was the last official act of Lord Mountjoy, who shortly after returned to England. He was accompanied by Tyrone and O^Donnell, who were well received by the King. On this occasion Hugh O^'Neill was conftrmed. in his honors and possessions, and Rory O'Donnell, brother to Red ITugh, who died in Spain, was created Earl of Tyrconnell. English law was now first introduced into the territories of these noblemen. Still the horrible persecution went on ; in 1604, Eecknond Galcorg, Bishop of Derry, and Vice- Primate, was killed by the English solctiefs — Aiialecta.

    At this time a terrible pestilence, ivhich was brought over from England, raged throughout Munster, and carried off three hundred of the citizens of Limerick. James Galway was mayor, for the second time ; and David, son of Nicholas Comyn, and Thomas, son of Patrick Creagh, were baiHffs.^

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 72

29. Bishop O'Keeffe revives cathedral chapter in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1720–1737

    Cornelius O'Keeffe took possession of the see of Limerick in 1720 and governed it for seventeen years until his death in 1737. He revived the canons and chapter of the cathedral and made rules and constitutions for the chapter that continued in force in the diocese.

    Read the passage

    On the strength of these informations Mr. Law, Collector of Mallow, seized Dr. M'Carthy's papers, and enclosed them to the speaker of the House of Commons as documents of an actual conspiracy. A committee of the house was at once appointed to inspect them ; their report, filled with insolence and invective, contained but one fact, viz., that a sum of about £5 had been collected.^ On that fact they resolved that under cover of opposing heads of bills against the Papists, great sums of money had been collected and raised, and a fund established by the Popish inhabitants of the kingdom, through the influence of their clergy, highly detrimental to the Protestant interest, and of immense danger to the present happy constitution of church and state, and that a humble address be presented to his Grace the Lord Lieutenant to issue his proclamation to all magistrates to put the laws against papacy into execution. As an instance of the truculence of the times, we may here repeat what has abeady appeared in a previous chapter, that the Rev. Timothy Ryan was arrested by Lieutenant-General Pierce, Governor of Limerick, tried, convicted, and hanged at Gallows Green, for no other crime than that of marrying a Catholic and Protestant. Dr. O'Keefie, however, was not daunted in the midst of perils. He not only revived the canons and chapter of the cathedral, but he made rules and constitutions for the chapter, which, with some additions and modifications by his successors, continue in force in the diocese of Limerick to this day. The high esteem in which he was held by the Propaganda, for his prudence, sound judgment, and varied abili-

    ' Wliitt's MSS» * Matthew O'Connor's Histonj of the Irish Catholics.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 355

30. Boundaries of the Diocese of Limerick defined

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    The diocese of Limerick's boundaries were regulated at the synod, extending from Maolcarn westward to Ath-an-Coinne Lodaln, Lough Guhr, Rathachmore, and various other named points. The convention's journal warned that whoever exceeded these boundaries acted contrary to the will of God.

    Read the passage

    and flourished in tlic reign of Murtagli O'Brien, tlie pious king wlio bestowed Cashel on the clergy. The national council which he assembled at Uisneach, in Meath, consisted of fifty bishops, of whom he was president, three hundred priests and three thousand other ecclesiastics. The Archbishops of Armagh and Cashel took places next to him. His second synod, or rather the second session of the first, was held at Fiadhmac Naongusa, at which the Archbishop of Cashel, the Vicar of Armagh, eight other bishops, three hundred and sixty priests, and one hundred and forty deacons attended. Many excellent laws for the observance of clergy and laity were enacted at this synod. At the synod of Rath-breasail twelve bishops were appointed in Munster and Leinster, ten in Ulster and Connaught, and two in Meath; The lands of the bishops and clergy were settled. In Munster, under the Archbishop of Cashel, were appointed the dioceses of Waterford and Lismore, Cork, Rathmoigh, Deisgirt, Limerick, Killaloe, and Emlioch-Jobhair (Emly).' The boundaries of the diocese of Limerick were thus regulated, viz.: the diocese of Limerick extended from Maolcarn^ westward to Ath-an-Coinne Lodaln, and to Lough Guhr, and to Rathachmore, and from Aidhne westwards, and Ard-Patrick southwards, and Beallach-Feabhrat, and TuUach inclusive ; Fell and Tarbert westwards, and Cuinic in Thomond, Cross in Mount- Uidhe an Riogh, and Dubh Abhain.^ The jovirnal of that convention adds this sanction in this place: "Whoever exceeds these boundaries acts contrary to the will of God, and the intention of St. Peter and St. Patrick, and all the Christian Churches". St. Bernard, in his life of St. Malachy, gives high praise to the illustrious Gilbert. He says that St. Malachy came into Munster to make interest with the Irish Princes against Maurice, the usurper of the see of Armagh, who by them was accordingly expelled. " Instabant", adds St. Bernard, " tam sancto operi omnes, duo potisslmum episcopi Malchus et Gilbertus, quorum prior ipse est senior Lismorensis, alter senior Limericensis, etc."

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 316

31. Boy fords Shannon during great drought

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1827

    During a great drought on 1 June, a boy forded the Shannon from Custom House Quay to the House of Industry on the North Strand, the river being so low as to allow passage on foot.

    Read the passage

    June 1st. Great drought : a boy forded the Shannon from Custom House Quay to the House

    of Industry on the North Strand.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 262

32. Brian fortified Duntryleague in County Limerick

    Duntryleague · townland · Limerick

    Duntryleague was among the places of strength erected or improved by Brian Boru in County Limerick, as recorded by Keating.

    Read the passage

    * The appearance of the fort of Kiucora at this day indicates clearly that it was fortified, as its Danish name (Worsaee, quoting the Danish Sagas) Kincoraborg would also show. Keating, indeed, gives a pretty lengthened list of places of strength erected or improved by Brian, besides Kincora, within a few miles of which he repaired the round tower of Tomgranej', built a church at Inniskeltra, and erected another at Killaloe. Amongst other places we find Cahir, Cashel, Koscrea in Tipperary, and in the county of Limerick, Lough Gur, Bruree, Duntryleague and Knockany.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 16

33. Brien of Arra confirmed in possessions 1570

    Owney and Arra · barony · Tipperary · 1570–1601

    Brien of Arra was confirmed in his possessions in 1570 and died in 1601. His son became Bishop of Killaloe.

    Read the passage

    Brien of Arra (see O'Brien), 96 ; confirmed in possessions, 1570, 99.

    Brien of Arra died in 1601,127; his son, Bishop of Killaloe, dies, 127.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

34. 'Buck' Sheehy executed at Clogheen, 1772

    Clogheen · town · Tipperary · 1772

    'Buck' Sheehy, descended from the Cummeragh branch of the Sheehy family, was executed at Clogheen in 1772. He was father of Colonel Sheehy, an aide-de-camp to Wolfe Tone in the French Service.

    Read the passage

    ' The Rev. Nicholas Sheehy when hunted by the minions of the law, proceeded to the county of Limerick, to the residence of his cousin, Eoger Sheehy, Esq. , of Appletown, where he left a suit of satin crimson vestments fringed with gold. Mr. Roger Sheehy was grandfather of Bryan Keating Sheehy, Esq., J. P. of Garbally, Newcastle, West, who has these vestments yet in his possession, and who values them highly.* These Sheehys descended from the ancient Sheehy family of Ballyallinan, near the river Deel, in the barony of Connelloe, Co. Limerick, whose descendants also were the Sheehys of Drumcolleher and Ballintubber, Co. Limerick. The Rev. Nicholas Sheehy was son of Francis Sheehy, Esq., of Glenahira, near the Cummeragh mountains, Co. Waterford — whose brothers were Roger of Dromculloher, who died without issue ; Bryan of Gardenfield, the father of Roger who lived at Appletown ; and William of Corbally, Co. Cork, who was grandfather of William Sheehy, Esq. of the same place. From the Cummeragh branch descended " Buck" Sheehy, who was executed at Clogheen, in 1772, and who was father of Colonel Sheehy, a distinguished officer of the French Service, who became aide-de-camp to Wolfe Tone, and also father of Mrs. Power, wife of Michael Power, Esq., J. P. of Clonmel, who had two daughters, Margaret and Ellen, both very beautiful ; the first became Countess of Blessington, and the other the wife the Rt. Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, afterwards Lord Canterbury. The gifted Countess was fond of tracing her descent from the Earls of Desmond maternally through the Shehys. 3 Amyas Griffith's Tracts.

    * Mr. John Creagh, re-erected in Broad-street, in the Irishtown, the ancient buildings which in 1G40 had been built by his ancestor Pierce Creagh, and which had been known in tho last century as the Bear Inn. These houses were seventy feet in front, and were considered the oldest in the Irishtown. On a chimney-piece in these buildings was this inscription : —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 200

35. Canons Regular of St. Augustine monastery site

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    The great house of the Canons Regular of St. Augustine, marked on all old maps, is now utterly demolished with not one stone left upon another. The ruins were extant during the last siege and under Queen Elizabeth, but the order declined after a decision in favour of the Eremites of St. Augustine.

    Read the passage

    Passing to the west, we come upon the site of the great house of the Canons Kegular of St. Augustine, marked upon all the old maps, but now utterly demolished, not one stone being left upon another. The ruins were extant in the time of the last siege, and in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and later, the establishment still flourished, but owing to the decision given at that time in favour of the Eremites of St. Augustine, the order must have been going down. These regulars were essentially different from the secular canons, who were attached, to the cathedral.

    Due north of the site of the monastery of the Canons Regular, and occupying part of Mary Street and Fish Lane, are the still perfect remains of the late Dominican chapel, now a store belonging to Mr. Hayes the baker. The pillars, floors, and staircases, arc pretty much as they were before the building of the beautiful new Dominican chapel of St. Saviour. More northerly, and occupying the space adjacent to Mr. McCarthy's timber yard, between Little and Great Creagh Lane, are the vaulted

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 377

36. Castleconnell Spa and Catholic church

    Castleconnell · town · Limerick · 1865

    Castleconnell has a strong chalybeate spa whose waters resemble those of Spa in Germany, considered efficacious for scorbutic affections and liver complaints. An elegant Catholic church was opened through the exertions of Rev. Patrick Hennessy, containing a memorial stained glass window and a beautiful altar presented in 1865.

    Read the passage

    Castleconnell Spa. The waters resemble those of Spa in Germany, and are considered efficacious in scorbutic affections, liver complaint, jaundice, and worms. They are a strong chalybeate, having a mixture of earth and marine salt, and have been favourably noticed by Rutty.' Sir Richard Donnellan De Burgo, Bart., Major of the County of Limerick Royal Regiment of Militia, is the owner of Castleconnell. A very elegant Catholic church, built by Mr. Launcelot Ryan, of Newport (Tip.), from designs by W. E. Corbett, Esq., C.E., Limerick, was opened and dedicated to public worship in Castleconnell, through the exertions of the Rev Patrick Hennessy, parish priest. This church contains a fine memorial window of stained glass to the late John White, Esq , J. P., of Belmont, and a beautiful altar presented by Helenus White, Esq., J.P., in 1865.

    Seats — Island House (Sir Richard Donnellan De Burgo, Bart., D.L.), Woodlands (Captain Rich), Hermitage (Lord Massy), Stradbally Cottage (John Stephen Dwyer, Esq., J. P.), Prospect (Eyre Lloyd, Esq.), Castle View (Thomas Spunner White, Esq.), Belmont (George Sampson, Esq., J.P.), Shannon VicAV (Helenus White, Esq., J. P.), World's End Cottage (Thomas Grove Grady, Esq), Lacka House (Edward G. Bell, Esq), The Grange (Edward Gonne Bell, Esq., R.M.), Rock Lodge (Major Thomas Gillie), Upper Coolbawn House (Captain Spencer Vansitart), Lower Coolbawn House (William Corbett, Esq , whose collection of the rarest foreign and Irish birds, and of falcons, is said to be the largest in Ireland). All these seats are on the Limerick side of the Shannon. The seats at the Clare side of the river are — Landscape (Standish Thomas O'Grady, Esq.), Doonass House (Sir Hugh Dillon Massy, D.L., Bart.), Summer Hill (Berkley Vincent, Esq.), Water Park (John N. Phelps, Esq.), Rose Hill (James O'Grady, Esq.), Erinagh House (the residence of the late Admiral O'Grady), Erinagh (Thomas Smith O'Grady, Esq.).

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 428

37. Castle Park at Ballygrennan and vanished mansions

    Ballygrennan · townland · Limerick

    Castle Park in the townland of Ballygrennan, formerly belonging to the Ormsby family, became the residence of John Christopher Delmege. Several fine mansions on the Ballygrennan estate — including Ballygrennan House, Peterville, Creaghville, Violet Hill, and Summerhill — were entirely swept away by time or neglect.

    Read the passage

    and contain several excellent residences, including Eden Terrace, which Mr. Revington has erected. In the North Liberty Barony, on the Townland of Ballygrennan, is Castle Park, the handsome seat of John Christopher Delmege, Esq., J. P. for the counties of Clare and Limerick. The residence is commodious, and formerly belonged to the Ormsby family. There were several fine mansions on this estate, called the townland of Ballygrennan — viz., Ballygrennan House and demesne, the residence of the Smyth family ; Peterville, of the Monsells ; Crcaghville, Violet Hill, and Summerhill, in one of which the first Lord Kiltarton was born. This estate of over three hundred acres was formerly in the North Liberty of the city of Limerick, but now forms part of the North Liberty Barony of the county Limerick. All the fine mansions have been entirely swept away, either by time or neglect, the only residence on the Ballygremian estate being Castle Park, which was also a ruin, when it and the whole estate came into the possession of the Delmege family by purchase several years ago The house has been considerably enlarged and improved in every way, but strictly preserves its ancient appearance. The demesne is well planted, the only old plantation left being stately rows of fine old limes. This house now ranks amongst the best of the second-class residences of the county Its situation possesses the advantage of being within half an hour's drive of the city, and a similar distance from the Clare mountains, which are well supplied with grouse and other sorts of game. Mr. Delmege is the largest landed proprietor in the North Liberty Barony, and gives much employment on a considerable portion of his estates in his own hands in the counties of Clare and Limerick. James Sexton, Esq., J.P., is also a resident landed proprietor in this barony, and is the owner of some very rich corcass lands called v.^oonagh Sexton, lying along the banks of the Shannon, and which have been for a long time in the possession of the Sexon family.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 308

38. Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    The cathedral and parochial church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Limerick was dedicated on the 15th of August, with the office of dedication celebrated with an octave in the city. A continued tradition confirms this date despite a calendar in an old breviary assigning a different Sunday.

    Read the passage

    The cathedral and parochial church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, dedicated to the same on the 15th day of August, on which day the office of the dedication is celebrated (fit), with an octave in the city, and without an octave in the diocese.

    Nota bene that I, Jasper White, met, written in the calendar of an old breviary belonging to the diocese of Limerick, the Sunday after the 16th of July to be the day assigned for the dedication of the cathedral of Limerick, with an octave ; but a continued tradition assures us of the contrary, and that the 15th of August is the proper day for the dedication, as Dr. Jasper White has affirmed above.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 322

39. Catholic address to throne on death of George II

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1760

    Following the death of George II on 25 October 1760, the chief Catholic inhabitants of the city and county of Limerick drafted an address expressing devotion to the throne and regret for the loss of the late king, who had been mild and merciful toward Catholic subjects.

    Read the passage

    full vigour, tlie loyalty of the bisliop, of tlie clergy, and of tlie citizens, was not less warm than it had been. The death of George II., on the 25th of October, gave occasion for the expression of that feeling, in an address from the chief Cathohc inhabitants of the city and county of Limerick ; in which the strongest feelings of devotion to the throne were declared, as well as the deepest regret for the loss of the late king, who had been mild and merciful in liis relations to the Catholic subjects of the crown. ^

    The Rev. Denis Conway (afterwards Bishop of Limerick) was appointed by Papal bull, parish priest of St. Patrick's, on the promotion of Dr. O'Kearney, who was a zealous, learned, and active prelate, thoroughly versed in the canons and in Scripture, an accomphshed theologian, of kindly and simple manners, but possessed of that strong masculine common sense which enabled him to surmount the difficulties at the critical time, of his aj^pointment and during his episcopacy, of a dangerous position. Dr. O'Kearney held his first ordination of subjects for his diocese on the 15th May, 1761, being Friday of Whitsuntide, Quatuor Tense. On this occasion he exercised his sacred functions openly, notwithstanding the highly penal character of prohibitory laws^ which were not as yet repealed, and conferred minor orders and subdeaconship on four young candidates for the ministry, who on the following day received deaconship, and on the Sunday next succeeding, priesthood. Dr. O'Kearney witnessed the demolition of the ancient walls of the city, and the commencement of the new town by Edmund Sexton Pery, and many other changes in the social and political aspect of his generation. He attended a meeting of the bishops of Munster, which was convened by the Most Rev. Dr. Butler, Archbishop of Cashel, near Cork, on the IStli of July, 1775, in consequence of the act 13 and 14 George III., which enabled subjects of all denominations to testify their allegiance upon oath.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 359

40. Catholic merchants refuse Cockett duties to Limerick Corporation

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    Roman Catholic merchants in Limerick refused to pay Cockett duties to the Corporation, judging them an unlawful exaction applicable only to foreigners trading in Limerick. They offered to compound by paying £5 per year instead.

    Read the passage

    4. The Eoman-Catholic merchants this year refused paying Cockett duties to the Corporation^ on compounding for them by paying to the Corporation £5 every year, and they judged such duties to be an unlawful exaction, and to which no one was liable but foreigners alone who followed trade in Limerick.

    5. On the 5th of May, the Corporation party in the Councd made 150 freemen, chiefly strangers, in order to have a majority among the freemen in the Court of D^Oyer Hundred.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 198

41. Catholic rectors collecting rents on Mongrett Street property

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1632–1649

    A lease for a tenement in Mongrett Street belonging to the rector of St. Laurence was made in 1632, and rents were paid to the Catholic rectors through 1649. The rectory of St. Laurence was in the patronage of the Corporation.

    Read the passage

    2 " The lease made unto me by Andrew Creagh Maior of Lymerick and Francis Gongh, Bp. of Lymerick, and Thomas Dunnohow Rector of St. Laurence, of the Tenement or waste Messuage in Mongrett-street, belonging to that Rectorie, was dated 20° die Junii anno Domini 1632, the rent reserved thereout to the Rector is tife shillings 3-earely by even portions, which was duely payed by James IMahowne in mj absence yearely until Jlicliaelmas 1644, since then myself payed the same to the Catholique Rectors, as appeareth by their several Acquittances, the last whereof beareth date the 17th of November, 1049." — Arthur MSS.

    It further appears from p. 100 of Arthur MSS. that this rectory of St. Laurence was in the patronage of the Corporation. Dr. Arthur states that at this time, 1648, he attended the Right Rev. Dr. James Moloney, Bishop of Killaloe, for an old fracture, which was not cared for previously, the bad effects of which had been going on for nine months, and which turned into gangrene. He saj's he was paid his fee of £1, probably the ordinary fee of that daj-.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 92

42. Charter declares Limerick a free city and county of itself

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    A royal Charter recites Limerick's sufferings in the Geraldine rebellion and its assistance to the King in the Ulster war, then declares the city a free city and a county of itself. The Charter incorporates the mayor, sheriffs, and citizens as a body politic with full powers to hold lands, plead, and be impleaded.

    Read the passage

    ' This Charter recites the great sufferings of the city of Limerick in the rebellion of the Geraldines, their assistance to the King, in the war in Ulster, and in anticipation of the future services of the inhabitants toward the crown, proceeds to declare the city of Limerick a free city of itself. It grants to the mayor, bailiffs, and citizens, and inhabitants of the city, to be a body politic and corporate, by the name of the mayor, sheriffs and citizens of the citj' of Limerick, with the usual power to hold lands, to demise or assign them, to plead and be impleaded by their new corporate name. It confirms all their former possessions in the most large and ample manner, by whatever corporate name enjoyed, or by whatever legal title, grant, or proscription acquired. The Charter then proceeds to make the city of Limerick a county of itself, as already referred to under the head of " Limits," excepting thereout the King's Castle and the precincts thereof, one lower room under the Tholsel used as a common gaol for the county, and also the site of the Abbey of St. Francis and its precincts, being a fit place for holding the Assizes and Sessions for said County of Limerick, and confers full power for perambulating these boundaries. This Charter enables the mayor, sheriffs, and citizens to choose " one of the more honest or discreet citizens," to the office of mayor, to be chosen as theretofore ; directs that instead of two bailiffs two sheriffs shall be chosen, and points out the mode of their election, and how vacancies in the office, by death or amotion, are to be filled up. It directs that all persons thereto free citizens shall continue so to be, and that in all things they shall be ordered and governed as formerly. It enables them to choose as many aldermen, Serjeants at mace, and other officers as usual. It confers an exclusive Admiralty jurisdiction, both criminal and civil, over so much of the river Shannon as extends three miles north east of the city to the mouth of the main sea, with all creeks, banivs, and rivulets within their limits ; gives power to hold a Court of Admiralty or liecord every Monday, before the Mayor, Kecorder, and Aldermen, any three or more of them (of whom the Mayor and Recorder are to be two), who were to keep the peace at the Shanbon within these limits ; to receive recognizances, to take fines and amercements, waifs, royal fish and other royal prerogatives, with a non-intromittent clause as to the Admirals of England and Ireland. A Society of merchants of the staple was incorporated by this Charter, by the name of " the Mayor, Constables, and Society of Merchants of the Staple of the City of Limerick ;" with the privileges and franchises of the IMerchants of the Staple of Dublin and Waterford. This Charter further constituted the INIaj-or, Kecorder, and four of the Aldermen (a class first noticed in this Charter), Justices of the Peace for the countj- of the city ; the four Aldermen to be annually elected as therein mentioned and thereafter noticed ; and empowered any three or more of them, of whom the Mayor and Recorder were to be two, to hear and determine ■within the city, at all times to be appointed by them, all felonies and other crimes, except treason, misprision of treason and murder, and do all things in relation thereto as belonged to the office of Justice of the Peace. This Charter also granted to the Corporation all fines, escheats, and amercements, in as ample a manner as the Corporations of Dublin, Waterford, and Cork enjoyed the same, except such royal fines as should be imjiosed on llie sheriff or coroners of the said county of the city of Limerick ; the fines as granted, (except as aforesaid) to be collected by their own officer, to be applied to the repair of the walls, bridges, and other necessary uses of the city ; and lastly, it enabled them to hold lauds, &c. to the value of ilO per annum, notwithstanding the statute of mortmain.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 73

43. Church of Dysert and land exchange with Maigue monks

    Dysert · townland · Limerick

    The church of Dysert was a prebend to which the land Fearan-na-manach, near the White Stone Cross, was added because the prebend was very meagre and poor. The monks of the monastery of Maigh (Maigue) gave that land to the bishop and chapter of Limerick in exchange for land called Ballioshoidir.

    Read the passage

    To this church of Dysert belongs Fearan-na-manach, near the White Stone Cross, as I have myself read in the Blade Book ; for the monks of the monastery of Maigh (Maigue), to whom Fear-na-Managh Ibrmerly belonged, gave that land to the bishop and chapter of Limerick for other land near them, called Ballioshoidir, which belonged to our Limerick chapter, and the bishop and chapter added that land, Fearna-Managh, to the prebend of Dysert, because it is very meagre and poor. [Habetur p. 27 hujus libri. viz.. White's MSS. — Dr. Young.]

    The church of Athnid. It is a prebend, dedicated. ... 1 G

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 324

44. Council of Ireland defends Limerick citizens as key to royal control

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1538

    Writing to Cromwell in 1538, the Council of Ireland praised Limerick's citizens for their obedience to the laws, noting the city was the only key, relief, and succour to the King and his army among rebels. They warned against subverting the whole city for a few evil men.

    Read the passage

    The Council of Ireland writing to Cromwell in 1538 state that understanding Edmond Sexton^ intended at this season, to repair thither, they had thought good for their discharge, to acquaint his Lordship Cromwell partly of his demeanour ; upon contention moved between him and the citizens of the city of Limerick. Sexten was accused before the Council of high treason, for which being committed into ward in the King's Castle of DubUn, he alleged before them that he proposed to go to England to instruct the king and Cromwell, " of weighty matters touching the kinges honour, and an highe advancement of his revenues ;" for which causes he requii'ed to be out on bail. The council having heard the particulars of his complaint accounted them of small effect to trouble either the king or his council. In this letter the council throw very great doubts on the sincerity of Sexten, who, they allege, was not successful in his proceedings against Desmond and O'Brien, and they state that " the truth is his coming thider (as we be informed) is specially to accuse and disturb the citizens of Lynierick, for malice and displeasure he beare to them ; among whom, ondoubtedhe he hath moved great dissension and displeasure. And considering the situation of the sayd cittie to be in the mydes, as it were, of the Kingis rebelles and ennemyes, with whom we knowe they must by and sell^ or elles lacke all viteUes, and tracte of merchandises ; we thiiike the inhabitantes of it to be worthy praise and commendation, both for ther obedience to the laws, and that they kepe the citie

    ■ Arthur MSS.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 50

45. Dean Cussen buried in Bruff church

    Bruff · town · Limerick · 1865

    Dean Cussen died in London on 13 May 1865 and his remains were conveyed to his parish of Bruff for interment within the church, amid the lamentations of his parishioners and the religious and pupils of St. Mary's Convent.

    Read the passage

    2 The Very Rev. Robert Cussen, P.P., V.G., Dean of Limerick, died in London on the 13th of May, 1865, after a short illness. He was a most learned, exeiuplary, zealous, pious, and truly excellent ecclesiastic in every particular. He had reached only his 65th year, and hopes were entertained that he would live for many years, an ornament to the ecclesiastical state, and a source of support and strength to the educational institutions in which he took so deep an interest. Dean Cussen's remains were conveyed for inteiment to his parish of Bruff, where, amid the lamentations of his sincerely attached parishioners and the deep regrets of the religious and pupils of St. Mary's Convent, they were consigned to their last resting-place within the church of Bruff, in which he had so long, so faithfully, and so well ministered. Dean Cussen was a native of the city of Limerick, and he may he ranked amongst the truly learned and estimable of her sons. The Very Rev. Archdeacon O'Brien, P.P., V.G., Newcastle West, succeeded Dr. Cussen as dean, by Papal rescript, dated July 27th, 1865. The Very Rev. James O'Rourke, P.P., Patrick's Well, was appointed archdeacon at the same time by Papal rescript.

    640 HISTORY OE LIMERICK.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 367

46. Death of Harold O'Hynn, King of the Danes of Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    Harold O'Hynn, identified as the King of the Danes of Limerick, was killed in Connaught at a location referred to as Katherney. This event is recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters.

    Read the passage

    ' A Sept seated in the Barony of Kiltartain, county of Galway. This fact is mentioned in another way, but to the same effect : — '• Harold O'Hynn, King of the Danes of Lymbrick, was killed in Connaught at Katherney." — Annals of the Fovr Masters.

    * Saxo Grammaticus says that Trideltli Froths, and Haco Danos, invested Ireland many j-ears before this time ; and Turgesius, it is certain, not only subdued the greater part of Ulster, but expelled Farnnan, Archbishop of Armagh, together with all the religious and students. Those moats and ratlis which are yet seen in mr.ny parts of the country, and no where, that we are aware of, in such great numbers as in the Parish of Kilmealy, county of Clare, and one of which of great extent and l)eauty is on the estate of Charles Biaiiconi, Iv'q. D.L., Longfield, Co. Tipperary, at Ardmayle, near his residence, are said to have bocti raised by Turgesius and bis followers,' as fortifications, and in some instances, as sepulchres for their great men and captains. Wormius states that tliis was the customary way of burying the chiefs among the Danes. — Wormius i)' Daim Monwiicnlis. Ware, p. .57.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 11

47. December gale devastates Limerick town

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1822

    On December 5th a furious south-westerly gale did much damage in Limerick town, throwing down many chimneys and stripping several houses. It was said to have been the most inclement day ever remembered.

    Read the passage

    December 5th A most furious gale from S.W. ; did much damage ia town, threw down

    many chimneys and stiipped several houses. Said to have been the most inclement day ever remembered. 50 large elm trees were blown down in the demesne of the Bishop of Clonfert ; £4000 damage sustained at Carton, the residence of the Duke of Leinster ; and great losses on the grounds of several noblemen and gentlemen in the County of Meath. 500 vessels of different descriptions are said to be wrecked off the coast of England, Wales, and Scotland. Two ships were sunk in Liverpool Docks, so terrible was the storm. The City Militia staff reduced, and 30 of the County staff.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 261

48. Dominican Friars' chapel in Fish Lane, Limerick

    Fish Lane · street · Dublin · 1780–1865

    According to the ancient Book of the Friars Preachers of Limerick, the Dominicans rented a house in Fish Lane off Mary Street and in 1780 converted it into a chapel. The chapel could still be seen in 1865, though it had been used as a store, with rooms above occupied by poor artisans.

    Read the passage

    according to the ancient Book of the Friars Preachers of Limerick^ preserved in the British Museum, rented a house in Fish-lane^ off Mary-street* "which in 1780 they converted into a chapel. The Augustinian Friars built an excel-

    The following are the particulars of estated property

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 208

49. Dr. Conway consecrated Bishop at Thurles, 1779

    Thurles · town · Tipperary · 1779

    Dr. Conway received his bulls of consecration and was consecrated Bishop of Limerick at Thurles on 20 June 1779, with the Archbishop of Cashel deciding Thurles was the fittest place for the ceremony. Dr. Butler, Bishop of Cork, and Dr. M'Kenna, Bishop of Cloyne, assisted.

    Read the passage

    Whilst matters were in this state, the Right Rev. Dr. MacMahon, Bishop of Killaloe, who had resided generally in Limerick, blessed the oils in Holy Week, and performed other episcopal duties. The chapter, meanwhile, continued to apply themselves to the court of Rome in the emergency, and the Rev. Dr. Kelly, then agent of the Irish bishops at the Holy See, was frequently written to by Dr. Conway, who was himself postulated for, and who, after some months, and after many rumours that the choice had fallen upon another, viz., the Rev. John Mullog,'' received his bulls of consecration from the Archbishop of Cashel on the 14th of May, 1779 ;* and on the 20th of June in that year. Dr. Conway was consecrated by His Grace, who decided that Thurles was the fittest place for the ceremonial. Dr. Butler, Bishop of Cork, and Dr. M'Kenna, Bishop of Cloyne, assisted, whilst the Rev. John Young, on the invitation of his dear friend

    • Augustine Butler, Esq., D.L., Ballyline, County Clare, is tlio great-great-grandson of tlio celebrated Sir Toby Butler, whose son married a daughter of Lord Cahir's, and Lord Cahir's son (afterwards Lord Cahir) married Sir Toby's daughter. These marriages took place about the year 1711. ^ MS. Correspondence of Dr. Conway,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 362

50. Dr. Milner visits Limerick and O'Dea relics drawn

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1808

    In 1808, Dr. Milner, vicar-apostolic of the midland district of England, visited Limerick and was hospitably received by Dr. Young. A clever artist was obtained to make a drawing of the mitre and crozier of Cornelius O'Dea, which Dr. Young presented to Dr. Milner.

    Read the passage

    As a friend of education, and one of a family that had afforded so many brilliant members to the Church, Dr. Young, about the year 1805, conceived the design of erecting a college in which students destined for the sacred ministry shouldbe educated.^ There had been, at Peter's Cell, a small college some time before, but it was too contracted for the increasing requirements of the diocese, and Park College, near Park House, the bishop's residence, was at length erected, to the building of which the Catholic citizens of Limerick contributed cheerfully and liberally. The first president of Park College was Dr. Young, and his lordship was succeeded in the presidency by the Very Rev. Dean Hanrahan, a learned and accomplished dignitary. The Right Rev. Dr. Milner, the vicar-aposfcolic of the midland district of England, in the course of his tour through Ireland, visited Limerick in 1808, and was hospitably received by Dr. Young, who, to gratify the antiquarian zeal of the learned and gifted historian of Winchester Cathedral, and the indefatigable and chivalrous defender of the faith in various important publications, obtained a clever artist^ to make a drawing of the mitre and crozicr of Cornelius O'Dea, which Dr. Young presented to Dr. Milner, and which Dr. Milner got engraved afterwards for the Areha3ological Society of London, with a letter-press description, as already stated. It is impossible to estimate the amount of good which the apostolic Dr. Young performed in his time. His name to this day is held in veneration by the people. He was particularly fond also of encouraging local genius, especially painters, and to that encouragement may be attributed the number of excellent paintings which adorned the Catholic churches of Limerick, and some of which are yet in existence.* Succumbing at length to illness,

    ' The efforts made by the Irish hierarchy and priesthood were constant and successful for education in ancient, as well as in more modern times.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 364

51. Dr. Pierce Creagh of Carrigeen, born in Limerick, Archbishop of Dublin

    Carrigeen · townland · Limerick · 1705

    Dr. Pierce Creagh, of the Carrigeen family and born in Limerick, was translated from the Bishopric of Cork to the Archbishopric of Dublin. He died at Alsace in France around July 1705, noted for his sanctity of life.

    Read the passage

    In the latter year, about the month of July, the illustrious Doctor Pierce Creagh, of the family of Carrigeen, Archbishop of DubHn, to which he had been translated from the Bishopric of Cork, died at Alsace in Prance. He was born in Limerick ; his life was remarkable for sanctity, and his happy death was conformable thereto.* He was grand-nephew of Richard Creagh, Archbishop of Armagh, whose life and sufferings we have written in a previous chapter. He underwent, like his great uncle, terrible trials. On one occasion, when a witness was about to swear against him in Cork, " the whole floor of the Court-house gave way, and with all the people tumbled down into the under cellar, and the rogue of a false witness was crushed to death in the ruins. The other false evidences who were at hand fled immediately, and none escaped falling down with the floor except the judge, whose seat was supported by an iron bar, and Doctor Creagh whose chair happened to be supported on a beam, which did not give way, and there he continued sitting as it were in the air. The judge said that heaven itself acquitted him, and thereupon dismissed him with a great deal of honors."^

    ' Annals of the Reign of Queen Anne.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 169

52. Eagles and prehistoric finds at Lough Gur

    near Lough Gur · lake or lakes · Limerick

    Lough Gur was once frequented by eagles, now rarely seen, and singing birds were nearly annihilated by severe winters. Bones and horns of the Irish elk, along with flint instruments including celts and spear heads, have been found at Lough Gur.

    Read the passage

    Neither in the fauna, flora, nor sylva of tliis county is there anythinix that requires particular notice. Wood is scarce, thougli in this and tlie county Clare the county is famous for orchards, producing the cider called Cacagee. Two of these near Loughmore, have of late years been cut down. The eagles that once frequented Lough Gur are hardly ever seen now, and even the singing birds and other small birds have been nearly annihilated by the severity of past winters. The wild swans have forsaken the marshes of Cahcrcorney, Carrickee, and other parts of the county, and the flights of wild geese are no longer so numerous as of old. The county must have been formerly well wooded, if we are to judge from the oak, fir, beech, and other trees, which we find in the bogs, and which, from their bearing the marks of fire, seem to have been cut and burned by the natives. A " moving bog", like that which created such a sensation about 1822 near Clara, in the King's County, occasioned similar excitement at Kilmallock on the 7th of July, IfiDT. Bones and horns of the L-ish elk have been found near Lough Gur, at Castlefarm, Rathcannon, and at Knockee, one of which, a perfect specimen, Archdeacon Maunsell sent to the Royal Dublin Society. Flint instruments, including celts, spear heads, etc., have been found at Lough- Gur.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 444

53. Edwina, Queen of Munster, dies on pilgrimage at Derry

    Derry · townland · Limerick · 1188

    Edwina, daughter of O'Quin and Queen of Munster, died on her pilgrimage at Derry, described as 'victorious over the world and the devil.' She was daughter of O'Quin, chief of Munster-Iffernan in Thomond.

    Read the passage

    In the year 1188 we find the following entries in the Annals of the Four Masters: — " Edwina, the daughter of O'Quin and Queen of Munster, died on her pilgrimage at Derry, victorious over the world and the devU.'' This lady was daughter of O'Quin, chief of Munster-Iffernan, in Thomond,* now represented by the Earl of Dunraven. " John de Courcy and the English of Ireland made an incursion into Connaught, accompanied by Connor O'Dermot ; upon which Connor Moinmoy, King of Connaught, assembled all the chieftains of Connaught, who were joined by Donnell O'Brien, at the head of some of the men of Munster." — innals of the Four Masttis.

    * The O'Quins and O'Deas were the chief families in the district called from the latter, Dysert O'Dea. — See Bishop O'Dea's Life in the Ecclesiastical pari.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 30

54. English regiments take possession of Irishtown and Stone Fort

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1691

    After the capitulation of Limerick, Nassau's and Hamilton's regiments were directed to take possession of the Stone Fort and all outworks of the Irishtown. The next day five English regiments marched in and occupied the Irishtown, which contained fourteen pieces of cannon.

    Read the passage

    themselves of the Stone Fort and all the outworks of the IrishtoAvn. Next day five of the English regiments marched in and took possession of the Irishtown^ in which were fourteen pieces of cannon^ and St. John's Church, which was heaped full of oats, of which the Irish had the benefit, in accordance with the Articles. Storey observes that the works were all exceedingly strong.

    3. All Merchants, or reputed Merchants of the City of Lymerich, or of any other Garrison nowpossessed by the Insh, or of any Town or Place in the Counties of Clare or Kerry, who are absent beyond the Seas, that have not bore Arms since Their Majesties' Declaration in February 1688-9, shall have the Benefit of the second Article, in the same manner as if thej' were present, provided such Merchants and reputed Merchants do repair into this Kingdom within the space of eight Months from the Date hereof.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 148

55. First Sessions of Gaol Delivery held in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1600

    The President held a Sessions of Gaol Delivery rather than the Court-martial that had prevailed so long. The first Sessions was held in Limerick, with subsequent sessions in Cashel and Clonmel.

    Read the passage

    Eory Mac Sheehy, the chief Constable of these Geraldines, died this year.'^ The President now held a Sessions of Gaol DeKvery, rather than a Courtmartial, which had prevailed so long. In Limerick the first Sessions was held ; in Cashel and Clonmel the next, where the Earl of Ormond proceeded to meet him ; but, owing to a domestic affliction, intended negociations with the President on the subject of suppressing certain distui'bances which annoyed him on the borders of Ormond, were def erred. »

    That the people were driven into the most fearful excesses against the Government, and that there were aggravating causes, is a fact admitted by historians who incline altogether to the EngHsh side. Leland* attributes them, in a great measure, to the grievous compositions laid upon the lands, from which they were not relieved at the stipulated tune ; the extortions and bribery of the sheriffs ; the easiness of English jurors in condemning obnoxious persons on the slightest evidence, and the terrifying executions of innocent Irishmen ; the extraordinary devices used to impeach their titles to estates ; the rigorous execution of the penal laws against recusants, and the intrusion, as they deemed it, of the Enghsh settlers.^

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 69

56. First sod of Foynes Railway turned at Lord Monteagle's estate

    Foynes · town · Limerick · 1853

    The day before the Floating Docks opening in 1853, the Lord Lieutenant turned the first sod of the Foynes Railway on the estate of Lord Monteagle at Foynes. The Shannon had also been recommended over Galway as a transatlantic packet station.

    Read the passage

    September 2dth. — The Lord Lieutenant and the Countess of St. Germans visited Messrs. Russels's factory on the North Strand. The great Munster fair was estabUshed, to which an extra fair was added in 18G5. The Floating Docks, the finest work of the kind in Ireland, were opened by the Earl of St. Germans, who was entertained on this occasion at a great banquet in the theatre. On the previous day his Excellency turned the first sod of the Foynes Railway, on the estate of Lord JMonteagle, at Foynes.

    War proclaimed against Russia. The Irish Militia embodied.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 292

57. Flying camp proposed at Mitchelstown

    Mitchelstown · townland · Cork · 1691

    Sir William Cox, commanding the militia, advised forming a flying camp at Mitchelstown to cover the country from incursions from Limerick, allowing troops to be spared for the main army.

    Read the passage

    gallant soldier, who had won reputation on foreign fields, would soon follow from France, with clothing and other necessaries for 25,000 men, and that he would place himself at the head of the army. Confidence now gained ground ; and Limerick was put in a complete state of defence. The walls were so widened, particularly towards the south, John^s gate, &c., that they afforded an excellent walk in after years for the citizens, and White pleasantly observes when he wrote : — " those are the walls we now walk on !^'' About the 2Gth of May, a large arrival of war material took place in the bay of Dublin for William^s army, with 500 gun carriage horses, together with Lieutenant-General Scravemoor, Major-General ]\Iackay, and Major-General Ruvigni, and a train of artillery, consisting of 30 pieces of cannon, 6 mortars, and 12 field pieces, which marched from Dublin towards Mullingar on the 26th; Lieutenant-General Ginkle, and the other general officers intending to follow in a few days after. The arms also, which were lately sent from England, were distributed among the Protestants of Ireland — a practice, which has not even in our own day been abandoned whenever the Orange interest requires support. The Irish su|)plied themselves with arms also ; and if even according to Captain Robert Parker, they behaved with wonderful resolution the year before at the Boyne, and with unparalleled bravery at Limerick, they were now determined to fight for native homes and free altars, with more than quondam valour. The campaign quicked into vigorous activity in every quarter. Militia- were posted by WiUiam^s officers wherever their presence might avail. Tijaperary and Cork were almost altogether confided to the militia. A strong Wilhamite garrison was placed in Clonmel. Sir William Cox, who had the command of the militia, advised that a flying camp should be formed at Michelstown, which would so cover the country from all incursions from Limerick, that they could spare troops for the army. It was apprehended that an attack would be made on Waterford by the Irish, because that city was weak in the absence of the guns, which had been withdrawn to other places. Bogers, an expert engineer, reported what was necessary to strengthen Waterford for William; and what he recommended was done. Many of the Irish leaders were summarily seized and disposed of by an order from the Council Board of Williams's government. Everywhere throughout the country the utmost activity prevailed on every side ; but all eyes were turned towards Limerick.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 140

58. Foynes hamlet on the Shannon

    Foynes · town · Limerick

    Foynes was a hamlet on the Shannon, proposed as the station for American mail packets. Good coal plants and shells were found in the coal shales near Foynes, and it had railway and steamboat connections.

    Read the passage

    a hamlet beautifully situated on the Shannon, and important as the proposed station for the American mail packets. Good coal plants and shells have been found in the coal shales near Foynes. Near Foynes is Knockpatrick, traditionally said to have been visited by Saint Patrick, on the top of which is an ancient church and cemetery, and certain stones on. which, tradition states, the Apostle of Ireland knelt in prayer. From Foynes there is railway communication with Limerick, and steam boat communication with Kilrush. The first steamer that has left the Shannon direct by Foynes for America, was Mr. Tait's blockade runner, the Evelyn, with clothing made up at his factory in Limerick for the late Confederate army of America.

    Seats — Mount Trenchard (Lord Mounteagle).

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 431

59. Franciscan Abbey of Ennis built by Cairbreach and his son

    Ennis · town · Clare

    The Franciscan Abbey of Ennis was commenced by command of Cairbreach and finished by his son and successor, Conor na Siudaine. The abbey is frequently referred to in the annals.

    Read the passage

    It was in the reign and by command of Cairbreach (so called because he had been fostered in Carbery), that the building of the beautiful Franciscan Abbey of Ennis was commenced. It was finished by his son and successor, Conor na Siudaine, and it is frequently referred to in the annals. A short time previously to the commencement of the work, Donogh Cairbreagh had removed his residence to Clonbroad.

    HISTORY OF LliMERICK. 47

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 31

60. Franciscan Abbey of Ennis founded by Donough O'Brien

    Ennis · town · Clare · 1220–1241

    Donough Carbraigh O'Brien built the Abbey of Ennis for Franciscans, one of the first of 80 churches, abbeys, and chapels he erected. He also founded an academy or seminary at Clonroad near Ennis.

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    cliurcli had been in tlieir days of splendour. It is said that the soldiers of King William broke in pieces the statue of Donougli Carbraigb, who was a very religious and devout prince, having built 80 churches, abbeys, and chapels (according to MacBrody's Chronicles). The Abbey of Ennis for Franciscans was one of the first he built. He also erected an academy or seminary for learning at Clonroad, near Ennis, where, according to many authentic writers, six hundred scholars and a great many monks were frequently supported at the proper expense of the O'Brien family, until the reign of Henry VHI. of England, when the dissolution of abbeys, seminaries, etc., etc., commenced.'

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 372