Limerick, its history and antiquities; ecclesiastical, civil, and military,from the earliest ages, with copious historical, archaeological, topographical, and genealogical notes

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read the passage as the book has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too.

1. Limerick city pleads inability to fund Irish army

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1649

   The city of Limerick was asked for money to meet the exigencies of the Irish army but pleaded inability and offered only £100, reflecting the financial strain and divided loyalties of the period.

   Read the passage

   On the 29th of September, Ormond, who had been some time in France, from which he took his departure by Havre-de-Grace, landed at Cork, accompanied by Lord Castlehaven and others.^ Lord Inchiquin went to Cork to meet and welcome him. Slowly advancing towards his noble palace at Carrick-on-Suir, — a palace which to this day, even in its decay, shows what it had been in its olden splendour, — he gave it to be understood by every one that he was sent by the Queen in order to fuid a means of settling the affairs of Ireland. In Carrick-on-Suir he received a solemn embassy from the Assembly of Kilkenny, at the head of which was the Archbishop of Tuam," standard-bearer to all those who, forgetful of their duty to the Holy See, employ their hands in every act of sacrilegious violence,^ and that person, above all, who had promised the Nuncio that he never would consent to the re-establishment of the Marquis.'* On the 6th of October he published a declaration upon his arrival in Ireland, in which there is the passage : — " We profess and declare, first, to improve our utmost endeavours for the settlement of the Protestant Eeligion, according to the example of the best reformed churches — secondly, to defend the King in his prerogatives. ■'■'^ The city of Limerick, which was applied to for money, to meet the exigencies of the Irish army, pleaded inabihty, and offered only £100.^ The four distinct interests in the kingdom, continuing to remain irreconcilable, viz. the King's, the Presbyterians', the Supreme Council's, and Owen Eoe O'Neil's, the Parliament, on the 28th of March, solemnly resolved that Oliver Cromwell should be constituted General of all their forces then in Ireland, and that he should be sent thither. Cromwell, accordingly, prepared for the expedition with the greatest diligence.'

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 92

2. Mrs. Butler dies aged 105 at Bunnahow, Co. Clare

   Bunnahow · townland · Clare · 1814

   In the latter end of October 1814 Mrs. Butler died at Bunnahow in the County of Clare, aged 105 years.

   Read the passage

   In the latter end of the month of October, died at Bunnahow, in the Co. of Clare, Mrs. Butler, aged 105 years Limerick Adverliser, November ith, 18l4r.

   In the Summer of this year, the old city Brewery, long since a ruin, began to undergo an entire repair; a new mill wheel, and all necessary machinery erected, by Mr. Michael Rochford, the proprietor.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 247

3. Alphra Maunsell memorial in Caherconlish Church

   Caherconlish · town · Limerick · 1662

   Alphra Maunsell, mother of a numerous family, returned from England and resided with her son John at Ballyvorneen near Caherconlish, where she died prior to 1662. She was buried in the Church of Caherconlish, where a memorial was erected by her son John on 12th October 1662.

   Read the passage

   He settled in the County of Cork, at Derrivillane. .John, a fourth son of his, a Captain in the Life Guards and settled first in Ireland, was ancestor to the Maunsells of Ballybrood and Thorpe-Mal^or. Mrs. Alphra Maunsell, the mother of a numerous family, having resided for some time in England, returned to Ireland a, id resided witli her son John at Bally vorneen, near Caherconlish, where she died prior to lt)62. She was buried in the Church of Caherconlish where the following memorial was erected to her by her son : —

   Herelyeth the Bodye of ALPHRA MAUNSELL,^

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 269

4. Brunswick Club initiated at Charleville

   Charleville · town · Cork · 1828

   As part of the ascendancy party's response to Catholic Emancipation agitation, a Brunswick Club was likewise initiated at Charleville.

   Read the passage

   As a counterpoise to this victory, Brunswick Clubs were now estabHshed everywhere throughout the country by the ascendancy party. At Eathkeale, a great meeting of the gentry of the county of Limerick took place, at which a Brunswick Club was initiated, and of which Lord ]\Iuskerry became the President. At Charleville a club was likewise initiated. At Nenagh, the Tories of the Ormonds established a Club.^ A Protestant declaration, drawn up in Limerick in favor of Catholic claims, lay for a fortnight at the Commercial Buildings, and had not received a dozen signatures during that time. Liberal and Independent Clubs started up side by side with the Brunswick Clubs. It was action and counter action — plot and counter plot. The Order of Liberators, which had been established by O'Connell, who first spoke of his intention to that effect at the great Waterford election in 1826, between VilHers Stuart and Lord George Beresford, received new accessions every day to its members. In the Catholic Association Eichard Shell thundered with Demosthenic fire, while " Bully Boyton'^' fired from behind some " Constitutional" Club, in sustainment of principles which had already become exploded. The faction feuds which had hitherto divided and destroyed the people, ceased in general reconciliations, particularly between the factions in Limerick and in Tipperary, where on one occasion, during this year, 50,000 men assembled, and swore on the altar of their country that they never would fight again among themselves, an event which more than any other struck terror into the hitherto dominant faction.*

   ' Then Moriarty's — afterwards Cruise'3 Royal Hotel, which he never left without calling for Mrs. Cruise and thanking her for her elegant hospitality. This hotel is now (1S65) rented by Mr. John Joseph Clearj', and retains its high character.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 275

5. Butler consecrated Coadjutor Bishop of Limerick

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1861

   On 25 July 1861, Dr. George Butler was consecrated Bishop of Cidonia in partibus and Coadjutor Bishop of Limerick. The ceremony was conducted by Archbishop Leahy of Cashel, assisted by the Bishops of Killaloe and Cloyne, with many prelates present.

   Read the passage

   missionary left the West Indies, and arrived in Limerick towards the end of 1840, when he was appointed to the curacy of St. Patrick's, of which the late lamented Rev. Mathew O'Connor was parish priest. Jn Saint Patrick's the Rev. George Butler continued curate for four years. He was then appointed to St. John's, where he remained for one year, at the expiration of which he was sent to St. Michael's, where he was curate lor twelve years, during the last years of which he was administrator. In 1857 he was appointed parish priest of Saint Mary's and dean of the diocese; and in 1861, on the 25th of July, he was consecrated Bishop of Cidonia i7i pao-tihus, and Coadjutor Bishop of Limerick; the consecrating prelate was the Most Rev. Dr. Leahy, Archbishop of Cashel, assisted by the Bishops of Killaloe and Cloyne. The Lord Archbishop of Dublin, and many of the prelates of Munster and Connaught were present, as was also the Bishop of Bombay, as well as the Archimandrite of Lebanon, all attended by their respective chaplains.

   The consecration sermon was preached by the Right Rev. Dr. Moriarty, Bishop of Kerry. On the 6th of June, 1864, on the demise of the Right Rev. Dr. Ryan, the Right Rev. Dr. Butler succeeded to the see of Limerick, of the mitre of which his lordship has in every possible way

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 368

6. Captain O'Dell posted at Athlacca with militia and dragoons

   Athlacca · parish · Limerick · 1691

   During the siege of Limerick, Captain John O'Dell of the O'Dells of Ballingarry was stationed at Athlacca with militia and dragoons as part of the Williamite forces' strategy to harass the country.

   Read the passage

   iStill fears filled the minds of the besiegers^ and parties were constantly sent out to harass the country. Ballingarry and Bruree were burned, and Captain John O'Dell^ was posted at Athlacca with mUitia and dragoons. It was quite well known in WiUiam's camp that unless this stratagetic movement was successfully effected, it would be impossible to make a decisive attack upon the city, though shot and shell were vehemently and constantly poured into it from the guns and mortars of the besiegers. So hard pushed had been the besiegers, that it was disputed in WiUiam's camp whether the siege should be raised and a blockade instituted. For a time it was carried m favor of raising the siege, and of abandoning the strong and obstinate old city ; but as an engineer was proceeding to Kilmallock, for the purpose of fortifying it as a place of retreat or for winter quarters, in the event of the abandonment of Limerick, he was countermanded; and on the 18th of September, orders were sent to the men of war and other English vessels in the river, to set some men on shore in the county of Clare, to destroy all the forage, as it was harvest time. Giakle's war materials was literally enormous.^

   A second great passage of the river by Ginkle himself, the Duke of Wurtemburg, Scravemore, " with aU our horse and dragoons, commanded by Major-General Euvigny, (except Colonel Coy^s horse, and fifty out of each regiment of dragoons), with ten regiments of foot and fourteen guns, viz., ten three-pounders and four twelve-pounders, taking also seven days^ provision along, was made over our bridge of boats into the county of Clare, leaving Major-General Mackay and Major-General Talmash to command on this side.'"' Great difficulty was experienced in this movement ; the forts and batteries played upon the movuig colunms with tremendous precision. At twelve o'clock, however, on the 23nd of September, they all passed the river,^ and they must have been compelled to retreat, had it not been that they were so weU sustained. Some small firings continued about four o'clock,

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 143

7. Duke of Wirtemberg encamped at Ballyboy

   Ballyboy · townland · Offaly · 1691

   Ginkle sent the Rev. Mr. Trench to the Duke of Wirtemberg, then at Ballyboy, to encamp thereabouts until the rest of the army joined him, or to attempt surprising a passage over the Shannon.

   Read the passage

   At MuUingar Ginkle gave certain directions as to the contraction of the works that had been made the winter before for the sucurity of that place. The design of passing the Shannon at Meelck or Banagher, appeared to be the most plausible to Ginkle while he lay at MulUngar ; and he sent the Rev. Mr. Trench, who at an earlier period had done service to the cause,* to the Duke of Wirtemberg, then at Ballyboy, to encamp thereabouts until the rest of the army had joined him, or if he could, to sm*prise a passage over the Shannon while the Irish army which were watching the other portion of the English. Mr. Trench, with a party of thirty horse, got to his destination, though surrounded by the Irish ; knomng the passes, and the by-ways, he reached Roscrea where the Duke Avas encamped. For certain causes, however, an express was sent to Athlone directing that the Duke should march forward in order to join the army at Athlone. This was done — and matters proceeded in a regular course of operation on both sides. One of the principal wants of the Irish army was an efficient cavalry. Storey teUs a very curious tale in reference to the manner in which this want was supplied by the Irish Generals. On a certain day they sent directions that all the gentlemen volunteers and yeomen in the neighbourhood of Limerick should appear on the Kiug^s Island with their best horses and arms. They appeared accordingly, wheu the majority of them were ordered to dismount and dehver up their horses for the use of the army. In a few days after this occurrence the whole body of Irish moved on towards Athlone, whither they had been informed, by spies and outscouts, the army of the WiUiamites designed to march. Ginkle, meantime, left nine twenty-four pounders, one eighteen pounder, and three mortars at Mullingar, and marched on Saturday the 6th of June, to Eathcondra about sis miles between Meers Court and Cairus Castle. He was joined by several general officers and their regiments and troops, at the head of whom was Lieutenant General Douglas, General Milo Burke was Governor of Athlone. He spurned the

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 140

8. End of the charter of James I for Limerick mayors and sheriffs

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1841

   The mayors and sheriffs chosen in 1841 were the last selected under the charter of James I governing Limerick's civic government. This marked the end of a centuries-old municipal system in the city.

   Read the passage

   These were the last of the Mayors and Sheriffs chosen by virtue of the charter of James I.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 412

9. Father Betagh, last Irish Jesuit, dies in Dublin 1811

   Dublin · city · Dublin · 1811

   Father Betagh, the last of the Irish Jesuits, died in Dublin in 1811 at the age of seventy-three, after having sent Fathers Kenny, Esmonde, and others to the novitiate of their society.

   Read the passage

   In the year 1811, Father Betagh, the last of the Irish Jesuits, died in Dublin at the age of seventy-three, after having sent Fathers Kenny, Esmonde, and others, to the novitiate of their dear society.

   The last of the old society in Ireland was Claude Jautard, a French father, who died at Ciongowes Wood College, S.J., in the year 1821.

   Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 383

10. Gates and walls of Limerick presented by Grand Jury

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1732

    Lt.-Genl. Pearce wrote to Charles Smyth concerning the affair of the gates and walls presented by the Grand Jury of the city of Limerick. It was advised that Smyth postpone his answer until the assizes, when judges might provide directions on the matter.

    Read the passage

    I hear from others, and from your Brother, Sr. Thos., that you are at Cork, on a design of building a play house. As our schemes of that sort^ for this citty are just ripe, and many gentlemen of fortune are concerned with me in a project, which will in all probality take effect, I have been at a good deal of paines to enform rayself of the necessary conveniencys, and to make such a designe as may best answer our intentions. At least we are a great number who are satisfied with it, or I would not venture to recommend it to you, who probably (as we do) propose some advantage to yr. self. The meaning of all this is to tell you, that if you realy are upon such a design, and send me a plan of ye ground, with the streets that lead to it, and mention the money you expect to lay out, I will as soon possible return you a' plan fitted for yr. purpose, with our scheme at large by which we raise the money and secure ourselves. I am not a judge whether ye affairs will permitt you to stay so long from yr. town of Limerick, but / hope they will, because I think it would be for yr. advantage. I know Lt.-Genel. Pearce has writt to you lately, concerning the affair of the Gates and Walls, presented by yr. Grand Jury of the Citty, but that is a business will be more adviseable in you to post pone till the time of the assizes, because the Judges may probably have some directions there in, and you may like best to hear what they will say before you send yr. answer, which I know is not expected before the assizes. I hope you will believe I offer this in friendship to you, and with reguard to Sr. Thos., yr. Brother, and that I am,

    Yr. most humble To Charles Smyth, Esq., and obedient servant,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 187

11. General Duff reviews garrison regiments at Newcastle, 1798

    Newcastle · town · Limerick · 1798

    On January 9th, General Duff reviewed at Newcastle the regiments composing the garrison: the Earl of Roden's 1st Fencible Cavalry, Royal Irish Artillery, Longford and South Cork Militia, and Devon Fencibles.

    Read the passage

    Januarj' 9th. — General Duff reviewed at Newcastle the following regiments of which the garrison was composed: — The Earl of Eoden's 1st Fencible Cavalry, Eoyal Irish Ai'tillery, Longford and South Cork Militia, and Devon Fencibles.

    A meeting of the non-commissioned officers and privates of the Limerick Merchants' corps, was held for the purpose of presenting an address and sword to their adjutant Henry Eochfort, Esq.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 225

12. Henry Street store built with stone from old Mary Street premises, 1837

    Henry Street · street · Limerick · 1837

    In 1837 the Russell family built a new store on Henry Street adjoining the Newtown Pery mills, inserting into its front a stone salvaged from their old Mary Street premises. The stone bears the date 1837 and the Russell family arms carved in relief.

    Read the passage

    1 In front of the Newtown Pery store, in Henry Street, built in addition to themills m 1837, is inserted a stone, which was formerly in front of the «ld ^^^y«'•"'*/,^°"^",";, ^"^^ Lane and was purchased by Mr. J. N.Russell, when that building was taken down. On eiS side of the stone is the date of the erection of the store. 1837 ; over this stone, cut in relief also, are the Russell arms, with the name underneath—

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 264

13. Ireton marches via Nenagh and Silver Mines to Killaloe

    Nenagh · town · Tipperary · 1651

    The Parliamentary army rendezvoused at Cashel, then Ireton marched by way of Nenagh, down by the Silver Mines, and across the roads to the part of the Shannon flowing opposite Killaloe. This positioned his forces for the investment of Limerick.

    Read the passage

    For some months past Ireton had been putting all tilings in readiness for his army ; tents, arms, beds for the soldiers, cannon, ammunition of every sort, were sent up the Shannon by him towards Limerick, by vessels provided for the service. Garrisons had already, since the previous March, been placed in the castles of Castle Connell and at KHmallock, convenient outposts for strategetic purposes ; other places were likewise invested or blockaded. The Parliamentary army was ordered to rendevouz at Cashel, from whence Ireton marched by way of Nenagh, down by the Silver Mines, and across the roads to that part of the Shannon which flows opposite Killaloe. The Earl of Castlehaven, who had been before this time appointed, by Ormond, commander-in-chief of the province of Muuster and the coimty of Clare, now held that office for the whole kingdom, marched with what forces he could draw together, and encamped at Killaloe, to observe Ireton's movements. Ireton was thoroughly aware of the weakness of the confederate forces, feeling assured that they only kept up appearances till Cromwell and King Charles had decided their quarrel. He kept a guard on his side of the river, as Castlehaven did against him.'

    ' Carte. 2 The Unkind Deieiter.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 96

14. John O'Connell dies at Kingstown

    near Dún Laoghaire · town · Dublin · 1858

    John O'Connell, son of Daniel O'Connell and formerly MP for Limerick, died at Kingstown on May 24, 1858. He was noted as a man of distinguished abilities, an able writer and debater of the highest character.

    Read the passage

    ■■ On the 24th of May, John O'Connell, Esq., " the beloved son" of the Liberator, died at Kingstown. He had been some few years before member for Limerick. He was a man of distinguished abilities, an able writer and debater, and of the highest character in public and private life.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 298

15. Limerick Castle ruinous under Earl of Desmond, 1423

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1423–1424

    James Earl of Desmond was made constable for life of Limerick Castle in 1423, when the ancient fees were mostly annihilated and the Castle had become so ruinous that the greater part had fallen to the ground. He received £10 and sixty marks from the Laxweir fishery profits for repairs.

    Read the passage

    James Earl of Desmond was made constable for life by Patent 23rd August 1423 — with leave to execute the Office by Deputy — and inasmuch as " the ancient fees for the custody of the Castle were for the most part annihilated, and the Castle become so ruinous, that the greater part of it was fallen to the ground," he was given £10 for the repair of the Castle, as well as forty marks out of the profits of the Lexwer (Laxweir), while he should occupy the officetwenty marks more, out of the profits of these weirs, were granted to him for five years in 1424.

    Sixty marks a year was a large sum in those days — so the Laxweir fishery must have been a very rich one to pay it.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 35

16. Limerick garrisoned by the French and defended in 1691

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1690–1691

    Limerick was garrisoned by the French in 1690, and its fortifications were defended during the siege of 1691.

    Read the passage

    Limerick city, fouiiUation of, 1; description of, 1; ancient history of, 2,6; built by Yvorus 2; Luimeneoch-Leatlianglas, proper name of Liniericli, 3; Christianity introduced in 434. 3; cathedial (see Cathedrali founded, by St. Munchin, 5 ; battle between Callachau and the Danes (945), 8 ; besieged by (J'brien (tenth century j, 10; King Donald, his l;fe and endowments, 29; founds cathedral (1194;, 30; surrendered by O'Brien, king of Thomond to Henry king ol England, 37; wrested trom the English (1174), and set on fire by O'Brien 43 ; invaded by Kaymond le Gros, 43; under the English, 47; charter by English (1197,) 47; set on tire temp, John, 49; English faiuilies in, etc., 51 ; disputes as to possession (1205), 54; besieged by Bruce (1316), 61; Lord Grey attacks, 81 ; court held there, 93; citizens aid the arrest of Earl of Desmond (see Desmond), 97 ; mayor and citizens assist Lord Justice Pelham, 1579, 102 ; visited by Sir John Perrot, 114 ; boundaries in 1609, 135 ; Papists to be cleared out of 203; garrisoned by French (1690), 213; fortifications of, 218 defence of (.1691), 261; (s«e £vent$.)

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

17. Lt. Hill of Limerick taken prisoner by French at Killala

    Killala · town · Mayo · 1798

    Lt. Hill of Limerick, who had been visiting Killala, was taken prisoner by the French upon their landing. He was subsequently liberated on parole.

    Read the passage

    September 1st. — Accounts reached Limerick this d.ay, that a report to the effect that the City ftlilitia were in action at Castlebar on tlie 27th of August, was imtrue. They were on that day at Carrick-on-Shannon, eu route to join General Lake. Laut. Hill, Esq., of Limerick, who had been on a visit to Killala, aud taken prisoner by the French on their landing, was liberated on parole. The French were at Castlebar up to 3rd of September and afterwards ; their cavalry were picketed at Lord Lucan's Lawn.

    September 12th — On this day letters were received from the city, stating that on the 5th

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 236

18. Merchants of the Staple revival attempt fails in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1824

    An 1824 effort to revive the Merchants of the Staple, created by charter of James I and extinct by then, named thirty-two guild members by order of the Lord Lieutenant in Council. The effort failed and the guild became inoperative.

    Read the passage

    An effort being made in 1824, to revive the Merchants of the Staple, who had been created by charter of James I., and who had become extmct, by order of the Lord Lieutenant in Council, on the 14th of August, 1824, thirty-two members of. the guild were named, one of whom only was a member of the Common Council, though several of them were freemen. That efi^ort failed — the guild became inoperative. The Chamber of Commerce, on the other hand, went on steadily and well. Their funds were at first derived from rateable subscriptions paid by each member according to the extent of his export trade in the port of Limerick, and a schedule of

    1 In 1833 the Corporation proposed to borrow from the Commissioners of public warks £9,000 on the security of the surplus revenues of £1,000, for the purpose of rebuilding Thomond Bridge. The bridge was built, but the money was never paid by the Corporation.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 262

19. Pestilence scourges Munster, 300 dead in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1604

    In 1604, a terrible pestilence brought from England scourged the province of Munster and killed three hundred inhabitants of Limerick.

    Read the passage

    1604 A terrible pestilence, brought over from England, scourged the province of Mun»ter, and carried off three hundred of the inhabitants of Limerick (Arthur MSS.)

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 405

20. Peter Hehir dies in Limerick Poor House aged 102

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1815

    On November 24th, 1815, Peter Hehir died in the Poor House at the age of 102 years, with full exercise of his mental faculties to the last moment.

    Read the passage

    November 24th. — Peter Hehir, died in the Poor House, aged 102 years — he had the full exercise of his mental faculties to the last moment. — Limerick Chronicle.

    In this year, the fire arms of all the Regiments of Infantry were coloured brown. In this year a tower, a beacon, began to be erected on the Beeves Rocks, near Askeaton, to guide vessels at night.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 249

21. Railway opened between Limerick and Dublin

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1848

    On 4 May railway communication was opened for the first time between Limerick and Dublin, marking a major transport milestone for the city.

    Read the passage

    Michael Quin, Esq., was swoin jNIayor of Limerick on the 1st of January, 1848. On the 4th of May railway communication was opened up for the first time between Limerick and Dublin ; and possession Avas obtained of the Island Bank, or road-way around the King's Island, for the recreation of the citizens.' The Corporation agreed with the eminent artist, the late

    ' On a stone at the walk at the Thouaoud Bridge side of the embankment is the following inscription; —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 290

22. Religion flourishes in Limerick under Bishop Creagh

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1369–1399

    During the thirty-year episcopacy of Pierce Creagh, religion flourished in Limerick. Eminent families of the city showed their zeal through munificent expenditure on churches and monasteries, demonstrating ardent faith and sincere devotion.

    Read the passage

    Peter Curragh (in a MS. in T.C.D., said to be taken out of the Black Book, he is called Creagh; and in White's MSS. he is designated Pierce Creagh, a native of Limerick, though Ware states that he was a native of the county of Dublin) was elected next in succession, in 1369. He took the oath of fealty to Edward HI. before the illustrious Wilham of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester, on the 10th of February (English style). Creagh's episcopacy was full of troubles. He engaged in implacable opposition to the Franciscans. When Archbishop Warrington came to Limerick to redress their grievances, and cited the bishop to answer their complaints, he (the bishop) laid violent hands on the archbishop, and tore the citation from him with such force that he drew his blood, and ordered the archbishop to begone, or that it should fare worse with his attendants. It is said, moreover, that the bishop laid censures on and threatened with excommunication all who should repair for divine service within the church of the Franciscans ; that he excommunicated all who afforded the archbishop food and entertainment. There are other matters equally harsh said of this bishop : some of these accusations are preferred by Ware, on the authority of Luke Wadding ; but we must accept them with some reservation. We must bear in mind that this prelate governed the see of Limerick for the long period of thirty years. During his time religion flourished in Limerick. Some of the most eminent of the families of the city then lived, and by their munificent expenditure on the churches and monasteries, showed that their zeal was ardent and their faith sincere. It was during the episcopacy of Pierce Creagh that Martin Arthur made a wilP which shows that there were nine churches in the city. This will was made A.D. 1376. Among the bequests was one to the Franciscan friars, which the assertion of Ware, or rather of his commentator, Harris, as to the resent-

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 326

    As the companion tells it

    Coming up through Limerick now. For thirty years, from 1369 to 1399, Pierce Creagh governed the see of Limerick as bishop. He was said to be a native of Limerick, though the historian Ware states he was from the county of Dublin. He took the oath of fealty to Edward III before William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester, on the 10th of February. Creagh's episcopacy was full of troubles. He engaged in implacable opposition to the Franciscans. When Archbishop Warrington came to Limerick to redress the Franciscans' grievances and cited the bishop to answer their complaints, Creagh laid violent hands on the archbishop. He tore the citation from him with such force that he drew his blood, and ordered the archbishop to begone, or it should fare worse with his attendants. The bishop also laid censures on all who should attend divine service within the Franciscans' church, and excommunicated all who gave the archbishop food or entertainment. Some of these accusations come from Ware, on the authority of Luke Wadding, though they should be accepted with some reservation. Despite this, during Creagh's long episcopacy religion flourished in Limerick. Some of the most eminent families of the city lived then, and by their munificent expenditure on churches and monasteries showed that their zeal was ardent and their faith sincere. In 1376, during Creagh's time, Martin Arthur made a will showing there were nine churches in the city. Among the bequests was one to the Franciscan friars.

23. Roche's trade and provision contracts in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1797

    Mr. Roche carried on a vast trade with Holland in rape seed, flax, and other goods from Limerick until his death in 1797, and also supplied large provision contracts to the Government. His stores later became the property of Thomas Kelly of Shannon View and were rented by the customs as bonding stores.

    Read the passage

    of Limerick. Until his death in 1797, Mr. Eoche carried on a vast trade with Holland, in rape seed, flax, &c. and he supplied large provision contracts to Government. 1 The old town continued under the tender care of the Corporation, which did its very best to provide for the requirements of its o"«Ti members, who were regardless of the condition of their peculiar charge, or of any other consideration, except that of alienating the public property, and dividing among themselves the loaves and the fishes. From the year 1757 to 1800, they had made but eight leases, and these were for a term of 999 years : —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 231

24. Ruins of Dominican monastery at Sisters of Mercy convent

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1650–1691

    By Ware's time the statue and church existed, but after the sieges only a few walls remained, identifiable by lancet windows of great altitude and debris of stone-work and tracery scattered about the convent of the Sisters of Mercy.

    Read the passage

    Sir James Ware states that in his time the statue and the church existed, but after the two sieges of Limerick in 1650 and 1691, nothing remained of the tomb or the statue, and of the church and monastery there are only a few walls standing, which, by lancet windows of great altitude, and the debris of stone-work and tracery which now lie scattered in confusion about the convent of the Sisters of Mercy, tell what the monastery and

    ' Sloane MSS. in Britiah Museum, 4793. ^ Chronological Epilogue,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 372

25. Sarsfield family seat at Sarsfieldstown, County Meath

    Sarsfieldstown · townland · Meath

    Roger Sarsfield, second son of John who was Admiral to King Henry VI, married a daughter of Christopher Cusack of Kilmallock in County Meath and had by her John of Sarsfieldstown in the same county.

    Read the passage

    '• Roger, second son of John, who was thirteen years Admiral to King Henry VI. as abovesaid, was married to a daughter of Christopher Cusack of Kilmallock in the County of Meath, and had by her John of Sarsfieldstown, in the said County, and by her had two sons, Patrick and "William ; Patrick was Mayor of Dublin anno 1554 ; he died sans issue.

    " Sir William chosen Mayor of Dublin anno 1566, and in the same year Sir Henry Sidney being Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Knight of tlie Most Noble Order of the Garter, in the Ninth Year of Queen Elizabeth ; he being in England and his Lady in Drogheda.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 154

26. Smallpox epidemic in Limerick city and neighbourhood

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1814

    In the autumn of 1814 smallpox was very fatal in the city and neighbourhood of Limerick, particularly among infants.

    Read the passage

    In the Autumn of this year, the small pox very fatal in the city and neighbourhood, particularly to infants.

    In the latter end of the month of October, died at Bunnahow, in the Co. of Clare, Mrs. Butler, aged 105 years Limerick Adverliser, November ith, 18l4r.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 247

27. St. John's old church origins

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1400–1500

    The old church of St. John's was believed to date from the early fifteenth century, coeval with the fortification of the Irish town. Its oldest tomb, bearing a slipper device possibly referencing John the Baptist, is fixed in the wall near the entrance.

    Read the passage

    The period of the erection of the old church has been supposed to be coeval with the fortification of the Irish town, in the early part of the fifteenth century. The oldest tomb in the churchyard, probably belonging to a date not much posterior, is fixed in the wall near the entrance, bearing the device of a slipper, and having a defaced inscription written

    round the sides, stating that Philip caused the monument to be

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 395

28. St. Nicholas's Church destroyed in siege of 1691

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1642–1691

    St. Nicholas's Church, near the Castle barrack on ground afterwards occupied by the old post office, was destroyed during the last siege of 1691. It was described as a busy scene of action in 1642.

    Read the passage

    St. Nicholas's Church, near the Castle barrack, on the ground afterwards occupied by the old post office, was destroyed during the last siege of 169i. Described as a busy scene of action in 1642.

    St. Michael's Church, outside the walls, in the churchyard near Mardyke. Destroyed in the siege of 1691. The cathedral is now the parish church of St. Nicholas, as well as of St. Mary's. The parish of St. Michael, which is a rectory, united from time immemorial to part of the rectory of Kildimo and the rectory of Ardagh, the three parishes constituting the union of St. Michael and the corps of the archdeaconry of Limerick, in the patronage of the Bishop, comprehends the whole of the new town, as St. John's forms the Irish town, and St. Mary's, St. Munchin's, and St. Nicholas's, the English town. All these parishes are within the bounds of the county of the city.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 393

29. Thomas Mahon monumental slab in cathedral

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1631–1637

    A broken and defaced monumental slab in black letter in the cathedral was erected to Thomas Mahon (d. 1 November 1631) and his wife Creagh (d. 2 November 1637), placed among other ancient tombstones in the north transept.

    Read the passage

    A monumental slab in black letter, somewhat broken and defaced ^ is placed next in order. This monument was erected to Thomas Mahon, and his wife Creagh; the former died 1st November, 1631, the latter November 2nd, 1637.

    On the deprivation of William Casey, who had been advanced, as we have seen, by Edward VI., from the rectory of Kilcornan, on the recommendation of James, Earl of Desmond, Hugh Lacy, or Lees, a canon of Limerick, was appointed by Queen Mary.^ The following abstract of the royal letter is in Morrin's Calendar of the Patent Rolls : The queen to

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 334

30. Williamite expedition to Carrigogunnel

    Carrigogunnel · townland · Limerick · 1691

    On the same day as the Castle Connell expedition, General Scravemore proceeded with a party and four guns to Carrigogunnel, described as a strong position, to continue the work of securing approaches to Limerick.

    Read the passage

    Securing the approaches on every side, on the morning of the 27th, an expedition, with five pieces of cannon, and 700 horse and dragoons, was sent to Castle Connell to complete the work of destruction which had been but partially eff'ected the year before. The castle was now utterly demolished, and 250 men of the Irish army who garrisoned it were driven out, and many of them killed. On the same day General Scravemore proceeded with another party and four guns to Carrigogunnel, a strong

    I The residence of the late Lieut.-Gcneral Sir William Parker Carrol), and of his son Captain Carroll. ■ Storey.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 140

31. William's army marches to Clonmel

    Clonmel · town · Tipperary · 1690

    After raising the siege of Limerick in August 1690, William's army sent off their heavy baggage and cannon, decamped, and marched towards Clonmel.

    Read the passage

    The soldiers were in hopes that William woidd give orders^ for a second attack, and seemed resolved to have the city, or lose all their lives ; but tliis was too great a risk to run at one place ; and they did not know how his ammunition was gone, especially by the former day's work. They continued however their batteries ; and then a storm of rain and other bad weather began to threaten, which fell on Friday the 29th in good earnest ; upon which Wniiam calhng another Council of War, concluded the safest way was to quit the siege, without which they could not have secui-ed their heavy cannon, which they drew off from the batteries by degrees, and found much difficulty in marching them five miles next day. Sunday the last of August, all the army drew off; most of the Protestants that lived in that part of the country taking the opportunity of removing further from Limerick with the army ; and " would rather leave theii- estates and aU their substance in the enemies' hands, than trust their persons any more in theh power."" Harris, too, speaks of the wet season and a scarcity of ammunition, as the occasion of the raising of the siege. The heavy baggage and cannon were sent off, and the next day the army decamped, and marched towards Clonmel._ The apologists of WiUiam have endeavoui-ed to throw the cause of the failure on the weather, not on the bravery of the soldiers, citizens and women of Limerick.

    The Duke of Berwick m his memoirs states that the enemy lost_ two thousand men in the assault. There were ten thousand of William's picked soldiers, includmg the Brandenburghers, the Danes, &c. engaged in it ; because

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 138

32. Bishops meet Ormond at Loughrea with propositions

    Loughrea · town · Galway · 1646

    Ormond went to Loughrea where the Bishops of Cork and Clonfert received his answer to their propositions. He replied that he was unwilling to withdraw from Ireland, and they told him the people despaired without a visible army for their defence.

    Read the passage

    Ormond went to Loughrea, where the Bishops of Cork and Clonfert proceeded to receive his answer to their propositions, which, according to Dr. French, Bishop of Ferns, were loyal, dutiful, and moderate. He replied in a long letter that he was not wilUng to withdraw out of Ireland, as they for the peace of the kingdom and the reconcilement of differences among the Cathohcs, expressed a desire that he should do. They told him plainly that the people seeing no visible army for their defence, despaired of recovering what they had lost or of preserving what remained to them. Finding that they could not persuade him to change his resolution or bend to a just view of afiairs, on the 15th of December, they published a declaration against the continuance of the king's authority in Ormond, and a solemn excommunication, by which they dehvered to Satan, all that should oppose or disobey it, or feed, or help, or adhere to Ormond by giving him subsidy, contribution or intelligence, or by obeying his commands.

    Dr. John O'Moloney, Bishop of Killaloe, was among the Bishops who attached his sign manual to this edict ; and well did he pay for his boldness, as we shall soon see. The synod of JamestoMn, before their breaking up, appointed a committee to act by their authority during the recess; and commissions were given out by this committee for levying soldiers, for which a rendevous was fixed at Ballintober. The Bishop of Killaloe had raised a troop and appointed a rendevous at Quin. Ormond sent Edward Wogan against them; the party was dispersed, the Bishop taken prisoner, and he would have been put to death had not Ormond saved him,'^ though he had signed and promulgated the excommunication. On this memorable occasion

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 94

33. 1732 road survey from St. John's Gate to Ardsheagh Bridge

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1732

    A detailed survey of the road from St. John's Gate, Limerick, to Ardsheagh Bridge recorded distances through Blackboy Turnpike, Cahirnary bridge, Knockroe Gap, Bruff, Kilmallock, and Tubberna. Various contractors undertook repair work along sections of the route at specified rates per perch.

    Read the passage

    1732. A Survey of the Road from St. John's Gate, Limerick, to Ardsheagh Bridg

    From St. John's Gate to Blackboy Turnpike, Thence to Boreen fforge, Thence to Cahirnary bridge, Thence to Liberty Gap, Thence to Knockroe Gap,

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 471

34. Ancient see of Inniscathay united to Limerick

    Scattery Island · townland · Clare

    During the time of Bishop Donat, who died in 1207, the ancient see of Inniscathay was united to the diocese of Limerick, consolidating ecclesiastical authority in the region.

    Read the passage

    The deed by wliicli lie constituted tlie dignitaries and canons was witnessed by the Lord Archbishop of" Cashel, by the Lord Bishops of Cork, Cloyne, Ross, Ardfert, Emly, Kilfenora, and Waterford, and three abbots, viz., tlie Abbot of Maggio, the Abbot of Suirey, the Abbot of Furness, the Archdeacons of Waterford, Killaloe, and Magfenin ; the Priors of the Monasteries of St. Catherine and St. Edmond, and the Dean of CasheL' In page 114 of the Black Book is the confirmation of the act of Bishop Donat, made by a successor, Edmund, Bishop of Limerick, but it bears no date. In the time of Donat, who died a.d. 1207, the ancient see of Inniscathay was united to Limerick. King John showed the greatest anxiety to conciHate the bishop and clergy of Limerick, not only by making restitution, but by conceding and confirming by royal charter further grants to the Church. The king employed Bishop Donat much in his affairs in Ireland, and he became very dear to him. On the 13th July, in the eighteenth year of his reign, John granted ten plough lauds in ierris de Omayle, or, as it is in another place stated, de terris de Omatjle, and in both places styled ^^prope Mungarett".^ King John continued to interfere with the appointment of the bishops. We find that in 1207, GeofFry, rector of Dungarvan, was strongly recommended by him to the dean and chapter of Limerick. The king wrote to Meyler Fitzhenry, Lord Justice of Ireland, who made an inquisition respecting the property of the church of Limerick,^ with instructions to procure GeofFry to be elected bishop. There is little doubt that the royal missive was complied with.'' By a MS. in the margin of Sir James Ware's original Latin manuscript, mention is made that Geoffry was Bishop of Limerick in 1217. (White's J\ISS.) By Alyler FitzHenry's inquisition (1201) it appears that the churches in the city of Limerick at the time were St. Munchin's, St. Bridget's, St. John's, St. Peter's, St. Martin's, St. Michael's, St. Mary Rotundus (supposed to be St. Mary Maijdalen's), and St. Nicholas's. Edmund, the successor of GeofFry, sat but a short time, having died in 1222. Hubert de Burgo, who had been Prior of the Monastery of St. Edmund king and martyr, at Athassell, county Tippcrary, which was founded by his relative William de Burgh, about a.d. 1200, was the nex bishop in succession to Edmund. He was consecrated in 1222. He had been deprived of the temporalities of his see, but the king restored them to him on the lltli March, 1222. (English style.) Hubert was a great benefactor to the cathedral, and its canons and vicars-choral. He built the College of the Minor Canons, north of the cathedral. He augmented the number of prebends. He granted the church of St. Mary of Iniskesty to the Abbey of the Blessed Virgin at Keynsham, in Somersetshire, in England; and dying on the 4th of September, 1250, he was buried in the Monastery of the Dominican Fathers at Limerick. A little before his death, according to Sir James Ware, the bishops of Ireland had formed

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 320

35. Askeaton steam mills below the city

    Askeaton · townland · Limerick

    The Russell firm operated extensive mills at Askeaton, several miles below Limerick city, one of which was driven by steam. These mills contributed to employment and the commerce of the port.

    Read the passage

    Abbey River ; the large mills at Corbally, just above the last regulating weir on the Shannon Plassy Mills, farther up the river ; Garryowen Mills, a large steam concern ; and extensive mills at Askeaton, situate several miles below the city, one of which is also driven by steam. These concerns ^ive large employment to the people, and largely contribute to tlie commerce of the port, both by imports of grain, coals, etc., and by exports of flour and other commodities. A great portion of this is done by the sailing vessels of the firm, and by the line of steamers which they have largely contributed to maintain. The public benefits at all times resulting from these enterprises, need not be enlarged upon ; but the advantage to the community was especially found, during the disastrous years of the famine, when the Messrs. Russell were enabled to provide breadstufFs to an enormous and unprecedented extent for the consumption of the neiglibouring unions, then dependent on almost instant supplies to prevent famine taking possession inside the workhouses. At one period, in 18.58, it was in contemplation by the guardians to apply for advances from the imjjerial treasury, in anticipation of the poor rates, for payment of the supplies provided, which their funds were unable to meet. Before the era of steam navigation the English-and Scotch trade with the port was carried on by a line of sailing packets, of which Messrs. Russell werelirge proprietors ; but in 1850, when steam vessels became necessary to supersede the liners, they did not hesitate to take a very leading part in cstal)lishing the Steam Ship Company.* In 1858, when the Company Avas suffering from the opposition of railway competition, and the general depression of Irish public enterprise, Messrs. Russell took the shares of those whose confidence was shaken, and devoted themselves largely to restore the line. The success of these efforts is seen in the prosperity of the undertaking now, and the river vessels of larger size and power added to the fleet, which now can bnast of having as fine vessels of their class as any port of Great Britain or Ireland. In addition to ample accommodation for the general import and export trade of the city, this line is now enaijled to provide large supplies of coals, and thus keep a wholesome clieck on the enormous prices and extreme fluctuations which always existed when the supply of coals was entirely dependent on sailing vessels. In 1851, Messrs. Russell commenced the erection of Lansdowne flax spinning and weaving factories at North Strand, and such was the energy devoted to this entirely new branch of manufacture here by them, that the buildings and machinery of the spinning factory were erected and started in October, 1853, and shortly afterwards the power loom factory was erected, giving further large employment in the manufacture of the yarns into lines. These fine, well proportio:!ed buildings, all built of dressed limestone, are, in a mere architectural sense, an ornament to the city, and the advantages of the steady employment both factories have since given to large numbers, chiefly of the younger portion of the population, otherwise utterly unprovided with well-paid work, are not easily over-estimated. The firm has regularly engaged, in all their various enterprises, about 2,000 people. The founder of the firm, the late JNIr. John Norris Russell, died at a ripe old age in 1859, having lived to see his sons successfully carry into operation all the enterprises, which he with them had originated. His eldest son, Mr. Francis William Russell, was returned one of the members for the city in 1 852, and has since worthily represented it in the House of Commons. The contributions of the firm to the local charities, without distiuctioa of creed or party, have always been in liberal keeping with their other acts.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 265

36. Athlunkard bridge bill passed into law

    Athlunkard · townland · Clare · 1825

    In 1825, a bill became law for the erection of a bridge across the Shannon at Athlunkard, intended to create a direct passage from the northern parts of Clare and Galway into Limerick. Engineer Mr. Nimmo had earlier proposed a chain bridge at Allan Court.

    Read the passage

    The Bill lor the erection of a bridge across the Shannon at Athlunkard to make a direct com.muuication or passage from the northern parts of the counties of Clare and Gal way, into Limerick, thus became law in 1825. Be-

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 268

37. Battle fought at Limerick in King Cormac's 15th year

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 221

    According to the Annals of the Four Masters, a battle was fought at Limerick in the 15th year of King Cormac, dated to A.D. 221. A simultaneous battle was fought at the Hill of Grian near Pallasgreen in the barony of Coonagh.

    Read the passage

    An early record of the name of Limerick is contained in the Annals of the Four Masters,^ where in the 15th year of King Cormac (A.D. 221) a battle, we are told, was fought here. A battle, at the same time was fought at a place which is supposed to be the HiU of Grian, over PaUasgrene, m the barony of Coonagh, Co. Limerick.^ In a century afterwards, viz. in the year 334, the Great Crunthaun, one of the most remarkable of the ancient Kings of Ireland, a descendant from Oliall OUum of the line of Heber, died in Limerick. This king succeeded Eochaidh Moighmeodhin upon the throne, reigned seventeen years, carried his name into Britain in the reign of Valentinian, where he was aided by the Picts, who were then his tributaries, — thence sailing to Armorica, now Bretagne, in France, he plundered that country, and returned with great booty and hostages to Ireland."* He is also mentioned by others of our early annalists and historians, and the occasion of his death is related as having been caused by the wickedness of his sister, who administered to him a dose of poison.*

    Lovely and attractive for the charms with which even in far distant times it was surrounded. Limerick, soon after the arrival in Ireland of the Apostle St. Patrick, received the inestimable blessing of Christianity. We are told that in the year 434, the first district which St. Patrick visited, after his departure from Cashel, was the extensive flat portion of country between Cashel and Limerick called Muscrighe Breogain. The apostle founded several

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 9

38. Bishop Aid 0-Beachain dies; see of Inis-Cathay united to Limerick

    Scattery Island · townland · Clare · 1138

    Bishop Aid 0-Beachain of Inis-Cathay (Scattery Island) died in 1138, and soon after his death the see of Inis-Cathay was united to that of Limerick. The section also lists several earlier abbots and bishops of Inis-Cathay with their dates of death.

    Read the passage

    Aid 0-Beachain, bishop of Inis-Cathay, died in 1138, and soon after his death the see of Inis- Cathay was united to that of Limerick.

    It was in the reign and by command of Cairbreach (so called because he had been fostered in Carbery), that the building of the beautiful Franciscan Abbey of Ennis was commenced. It was finished by his son and successor, Conor na Siudaine, and it is frequently referred to in the annals. A short time previously to the commencement of the work, Donogh Cairbreagh had removed his residence to Clonbroad.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 31

39. Bishop Lacy writes from Kilmallock to commissioners

    Kilmallock · town · Limerick · 1568

    In January 1568, Hugh Lacy, appointed a commissioner of Munster, wrote from Kilmallock that he could not join his fellow commissioners at Youghal for lack of money. The other commissioners then wrote to him from Cork.

    Read the passage

    In January, 1568, Lacy Avas appointed one of the commissioners of Munster, along with Brady, Bishop of Meath, John Plunket, Henry Draycott, and Justice Edward Fitzsymon, and was directed to join the others at Youghal. He wrote them from Kilmallock on the 11th, that he could not join them for lack of money, after which they wrote him from Cork, re- ' Shirley's Oriyinal Letters, pp. 171, 173.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 334

40. Bishops of Munster meet in Limerick, 1784, declare loyalty

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1784

    A meeting of the Bishops of Munster was held in Limerick on 1 May 1784, presided over by the Archbishop of Cashel. The bishops drew up and signed a declaration of loyalty to the king and country, and enjoined their clergy to exhort the people to industry, sobriety, and peaceable demeanour.

    Read the passage

    Of the public acts of Dr. Conway we have not many records. He attended a meeting of the Bishops of Munster, which was held in Limerick on the 1st of May, 1784, and which was presided over by the Archbishop of Cashel, at which a declaration of loyalty to the king and country was drawn up, agreed to and signed by the bishops, who, at the same time, enjoined their clergy to exhort the people to industry, sobriety, and a peaceable demeanour in all things, as a sure means of fulfilling their duty towards God and the state. He opposed the Rlghtboys and the Whiteboys in the most determined manner, and he was one of the Bishops of Munster who attended a provincial meeting held at Cork on the 26th of June, 1786, and which was presided over by the Archbishop, at which decrees were adopted condemnatory of the riotous and Illegal proceedings of the lilghtboys. At this meeting regulations were made in reference to the dues of the parochial clergy, and the restraining of certain parochial expenses on the part of the parishioners.' Dr. Conway was a benefactor to the religious and charitable institutions of his native city of Limerick, and a friend of education, as he proved by his having bequeathed a sum of £415 7s. 8d. towards building a college for the education of Roman Catholic youth, should any such be established in this kingdom, or towards support of students thereof" — {extract from will^ 1794). This money was invested afterwards in building the Catholic seminary at Park. He also bequeathed a sum of £92 6s. 2d. upon trust, for educating, clothing, and maintaining poor children of the charity school of St. John's parish, a bequest of which there is no account at present.'''

    He lived to the age of 75 years, and died on the 19th day of June, 1796. His remains were interred, as were those of his predecessors, Drs. O'KeefFe and O'Kearney, in St John's Churchyard, near the south-east wall, under a plain limestone tomb, which bears the following inscription : —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 362

41. Blind Asylum chapel erected in Upper Catherine Street 1834

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1834

    An episcopal chapel of cut stone in connection with the Blind Asylum was erected in Upper Catherine Street in the parish of St. Michael in 1834, by subscriptions raised in England and Ireland through the exertions of Archdeacon Edward N. Hoare of Ardfert.

    Read the passage

    An episcopal chapel of cut stone, in connection with the Blind Asylum, which is attached to it, was erected in Upper Catherine Street, in the parish of St. Michael, in 1834, by subscriptions raised in England and Ireland, by the personal exertions of the Venerable Ed. N. Hoare, Archdeacon of Ardfert, subsequently chaplain, and one of the trustees. Its portico is

    ' Tlic Protestant Bishop's palace stands at the north side of Henry Street, in close juxtaposition with Mr. Russell's liueu store, vvliicli had been the residence of the Earl of Limerick. The two mansions present one great but plain facade of brick masonry, and send off a conjoint demesne from their rere to the quays. The joint value of Limerick, Ardfert, and Agliadoe, which were consolidated with Limerick in ICGS, on an average of three years ending December 31, 1831, amounts to £4:,5oo 3s. Ihd. gross, and i;3,987 17s. l^d. nett.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 393

42. Burial of Edmond Sexten the younger at St. Mary's Church

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1636

    Edmond Sexten, son of the celebrated Edmond Sexten, died on 3 March 1636. His funeral was solemnized for two days and two nights and he was buried in the ancestral tomb in St. Mary's church on Sunday 5 March, with all the solemnity the city and county could afford.

    Read the passage

    On the 3rd of March, 1636, Edmond Sexten, son of the celebrated Edmond Sexten, died ; his funeral was solemnized for two days and two nights, and he was buried in the ancestral tomb in St. Mary's church, on Sunday the 5th, with " all the solemnitie the cittie and the countie made and could afforde".^ On the 23rd of June in the same year, being midsummer, St. John the Baptists', and all Sexten's tenements in St. Francis's Abbey, were wholly burned between the hours of two p.m., and day light, with the exception of " the house wherein Robert Coyne lyved".* The annalist adds that he " never heard before that any pt. of Limik. was ever burnt (to man's memorie) on the lyke night of St. John's". At the time of the confederation the Abbey church was in the possesion of the Franciscan Fathers, and again in the reign of James II. On the 3rd of October, 1687, the Franciscan Fathers once more took possession of their old church, which was consecrated by the Right Rev. Dr. Maloney, and which they rented on this occasion from Lieutenant Pery.

    ' These documents are extracted from Sexten's book in tlie British Museum.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 376

43. Captain Rock at Newcastle

    Newcastle · town · Limerick

    The 'Captain Rock' insurgent activity is noted at Newcastle, referencing the Rockite agrarian disturbances of the 1820s.

    Read the passage

    " Captain Rock " at Newcastle, 450, 455.

    Capuchin Church, Irishtown (1688), 211.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

44. Cathedral chapels and parochial churches of Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    Limerick Cathedral contained several chapels dedicated to saints, chiefly St. Mary Magdalene, St. Catherine, and St. James. Citizens routinely bequeathed sums for repairs to the cathedral and to parochial churches of St. Munchin, St. Nicholas, St. Peter, St. Michael, St. Laurence, and St. Patrick.

    Read the passage

    The cathedral contained several chapels dedicated to saints, the chief of which were those of St. Mary Magdalene and St. Catherine, St. James, etc. It was the invariable custom of those who could afford, to bequeath certain sums for the repairs of the cathedral, as well as for the repairs of the parochial churches of St. Manchin, or Munchin, St. Nicholas, St. Peter, St. Michael, St. Laurence, St. Patrick, and the priories and monasteries, and fines imposed on citizens and others were appropriated to the repairs and adornment of the edifice.'

    In reference to John Budstone, above referred to, Dr. Thomas Arthur, in his MSS., writes in Latin, which we translate literally: —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 329

45. Charley Keating, Seneschal of Parteen

    Parteen · townland · Clare

    Charley Keating, familiarly so called, held the dignity of Seneschal of Parteen while keeping a small-ware shop at the corner opposite Quay Lane in Limerick.

    Read the passage

    3 Sir Henry Hartstonge's candidature for the county was postponed to 177G, when he and the Kight. Hon. Silver Oliver were returned. Among the supporters of INIr. Smyth in 17GS, was Edward Lloyd, Esq. of Eyon, who writing to offer him his vote and interest says, he saw an account of the passing of the Octennial Bill in the Mvnster Journal, a venerable broad sheet, with which, and its immediate successors, several curious associations are connected, that throw light on the journalistic and dramatic history of the day. The Munster Journal was said to be the oldest Journal in the province of Munster. The proprietor was Mr. Andrew Welsh, ancestor of the respectable family of Welsh of Newtown House, county Clare, and a gentleman of enterprise and ability. INIr. Welsh also published the Magazine of Magazine?, which appears to have been a reprint of ExshaAv's London and DidiUn Magazine, with a Limerick title-page. The Minister Journal was succeeded, about 1787, by the Limerick Journal, of which IMr. Edward Flinn was the proprietor ; this Journal enjoj^ed the patronage of Lord Clare, to whom the owner of it was agent, and reaped a harvest by the publication of the Castle Proclamations. Mr. Flinn who was a Catholic, resided in Mary-street, opposite Quay-lane ; Athlunkard-street not having been made for many years afterwards. His fellow-citizens and neighbours in ISIary-street were Mr. AV illiam Goggin," the great Chap Book and Ballad Printer, whose shop at the corner of Quay-lane, was known by the sign of Shakespear. Alderman Andrew Watson, the successor of l\Ir. Joha Ferrar, in the proprictorsliip of tl\e Limerick Chronicle, had his office and residence near the office of the Z-imencit yourea?, whilst " Charley Keating," as he was familiarly called, who rejoiced

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 202

46. City Brewery stone at Newgate Lane, 1739

    near Newgate Lane · street · Limerick · 1739–1884

    A stone at the city brewery on Newgate Lane dated 1739 bears a figure of the castles without the cross, flag, or ensign. It was cited alongside the Mayoralty House stone in a controversy over the ancient arms of Limerick.

    Read the passage

    Pages 151-2, 690, 708. — While these sheets have been going through the press a controversy has arisen on the subject of the ancient arms of Limerick, in which an endeavour has been made by a writer in one of the Limerick newspapers, to show that the City Seal does not represent the ancient arms. In sustaiument of this allegation, the writer refers to the figure of the castles on the stone described at pp. 151-2, which he states represents the ancient arms, and to the figure cut on the Mayoralty House stone (1720), and now placed in front of Newtown Pery iMills, Henry Street, and also to the figures on the stone at the city Brewery, Newgate Lane (1739), none of which have the cross, neither have they the flag or ensign. The engraver of the cut at page 152 is in some particulars not exact, and I here produce the inscription and figure just as they are:

    mgwaute ^etro creaoj{

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 452

47. Claude Jautard, last old-society Jesuit, dies at Clongowes Wood 1821

    near Clongoweswood · population centre · Kildare · 1821

    The last of the old Jesuit society in Ireland was Claude Jautard, a French father, who died at Clongowes Wood College, S.J., in the year 1821.

    Read the passage

    The last of the old society in Ireland was Claude Jautard, a French father, who died at Ciongowes Wood College, S.J., in the year 1821.

    We have seen how the Society of Jesus was brought to Ireland by the Primates of Armagh ; it was fostered by Primates Pkuiket and Talbot, the Archbishops O'Kearney and Walsh, the Bishops Dease, Kothe, Kirwan, etc., etc.: it was revered and loved by the many pious and learned piiests who were educated at the Irish Jesuit colleges of Salamanca, Lisbon, Seville, Compostella, Rome, and Poictiers. The last will of Dr. Kirwan, Bishop of Killala, begins with the following words : —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 383

48. Corbally Mills on the Shannon

    Corbally · townland · Limerick

    The Russell firm operated large mills at Corbally, located just above the last regulating weir on the Shannon. These mills formed part of the firm's extensive milling enterprise in the Limerick area.

    Read the passage

    Abbey River ; the large mills at Corbally, just above the last regulating weir on the Shannon Plassy Mills, farther up the river ; Garryowen Mills, a large steam concern ; and extensive mills at Askeaton, situate several miles below the city, one of which is also driven by steam. These concerns ^ive large employment to the people, and largely contribute to tlie commerce of the port, both by imports of grain, coals, etc., and by exports of flour and other commodities. A great portion of this is done by the sailing vessels of the firm, and by the line of steamers which they have largely contributed to maintain. The public benefits at all times resulting from these enterprises, need not be enlarged upon ; but the advantage to the community was especially found, during the disastrous years of the famine, when the Messrs. Russell were enabled to provide breadstufFs to an enormous and unprecedented extent for the consumption of the neiglibouring unions, then dependent on almost instant supplies to prevent famine taking possession inside the workhouses. At one period, in 18.58, it was in contemplation by the guardians to apply for advances from the imjjerial treasury, in anticipation of the poor rates, for payment of the supplies provided, which their funds were unable to meet. Before the era of steam navigation the English-and Scotch trade with the port was carried on by a line of sailing packets, of which Messrs. Russell werelirge proprietors ; but in 1850, when steam vessels became necessary to supersede the liners, they did not hesitate to take a very leading part in cstal)lishing the Steam Ship Company.* In 1858, when the Company Avas suffering from the opposition of railway competition, and the general depression of Irish public enterprise, Messrs. Russell took the shares of those whose confidence was shaken, and devoted themselves largely to restore the line. The success of these efforts is seen in the prosperity of the undertaking now, and the river vessels of larger size and power added to the fleet, which now can bnast of having as fine vessels of their class as any port of Great Britain or Ireland. In addition to ample accommodation for the general import and export trade of the city, this line is now enaijled to provide large supplies of coals, and thus keep a wholesome clieck on the enormous prices and extreme fluctuations which always existed when the supply of coals was entirely dependent on sailing vessels. In 1851, Messrs. Russell commenced the erection of Lansdowne flax spinning and weaving factories at North Strand, and such was the energy devoted to this entirely new branch of manufacture here by them, that the buildings and machinery of the spinning factory were erected and started in October, 1853, and shortly afterwards the power loom factory was erected, giving further large employment in the manufacture of the yarns into lines. These fine, well proportio:!ed buildings, all built of dressed limestone, are, in a mere architectural sense, an ornament to the city, and the advantages of the steady employment both factories have since given to large numbers, chiefly of the younger portion of the population, otherwise utterly unprovided with well-paid work, are not easily over-estimated. The firm has regularly engaged, in all their various enterprises, about 2,000 people. The founder of the firm, the late JNIr. John Norris Russell, died at a ripe old age in 1859, having lived to see his sons successfully carry into operation all the enterprises, which he with them had originated. His eldest son, Mr. Francis William Russell, was returned one of the members for the city in 1 852, and has since worthily represented it in the House of Commons. The contributions of the firm to the local charities, without distiuctioa of creed or party, have always been in liberal keeping with their other acts.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 265

49. Corporation estate leases granted to council members

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1670–1746

    The Limerick Corporation executed 65 leases to its own members during the 17th century, and a further 57 leases before 1746, when the greater portion of the Corporation Estates were granted in fee or for 999 years to members of the then Council. This system of corporate self-enrichment was described as 'corporate iniquity' by the Orange faction.

    Read the passage

    The following leases were executed prior to 1746 (some twenty years after this time) at which period the greater portion of the Corporation Estates were granted in fee or for 999 years, to members of the then Council : —

    No.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 183

50. Countess Dowager's jewels delivered at Grangebeg

    Grangebeg · townland · Kildare · 1649

    On 30 April 1649, by virtue of a letter from the Countess Dowager dated at Grangebegg on 29 March 1649, Dr. Arthur delivered the pawned jewels to Sir Connor O'Cuillenane, a Franciscan friar, who paid twenty pounds and five shillings sterling.

    Read the passage

    keepe her said jewell in my owne custodie untill shee were able to pave mee, to prevent future consumption and inconveniences which may ensue unto the said Ladye through the accrueing interest sought by tlie said Kocli : I to pleasure the said Countess payed the said Koch the £20 aforesaid, and kept the said Jewells salfe for the said Ladye, demanding noe interest of moneyes of her. 30th Aprilis, 1649, by vertue of the said Ladj-e Dowager, her letter dated at Grangebegg 29° Martii, 1649, I delivered the said Jewells to Sr. Connor O'Cuillenane, a Franciscan fryar, from whome I receaved twentie pounds, and five shillings, sterling, and who uppon his oate promised to see me payed of 15s. more, bj' May day then next ensueing, instead of the 3 picatouns which were counterfaiet, and that I would not then receave for my payement. John Arthure Fitzllobert, James Ryce FitzJohn, Nichd. Wale, and Thomas Power FitzJaraes wera present. — Ih: Thomas Arthur's M8S., p. 137.

    • The Archers were an ancient Anglo-Irish family in Kilkenny.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 88

51. County Limerick Gaol flax scutching machinery

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1821

    The expense of the mill house, tread mill, and machinery for scutching flax at the County of Limerick Gaol amounted to £806 2s. 3d.

    Read the passage

    The expense of the mill house, tread mill, and machinery for scutching flax, at the County of Limerick Gaol amounts to £806 2s. 3d.

    About the commencement of September, the foundation of a new Convent and Chapel for the Franciscan Friars laid in Henry-street.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 263

52. Cromwell's Parliament limits Irish Commons representation

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1654

    In 1654 the Commons of Ireland were limited by Cromwell's Parliament to thirty members. The counties of Limerick, Clare, and Kerry had one member only, and the city of Limerick and Kilmallock one each.

    Read the passage

    1654 Commons of Ireland limited this year by Cromwell's Parliament to thirty. The counties of Limerick, Clare, and Kerry, one member only; city of Limerick and Kilmallock, one each.

    1657 The death of Oliver Cromwell is thus noted in the Davis MSS. ;— •'Oliver Cromwell hurried to his woe, Justly rewarded by a quid pro quo".

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 407

53. Dean Andrew Creagh memorial slab in cathedral

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1543–1861

    A marble slab inscribed in memory of Andrew Creagh, Dean of the cathedral who resigned in 1543, originally lay near the great altar but was moved to the north transept during 1861 alterations. The Latin inscription identifies him as dean of the church.

    Read the passage

    This marble slab had lain near the great altar ; but in the alterations in 1861 it was removed to the north transept, where there are some other ancient tombstones of an apparently contemporaneous period, a few of which we shall notice here :

    Lyinor -^vith the head from the western wall of the north transept, is a highly elaborate cut stone, with floriated ornamentation in high relief, divided into four compartments by a cross embraced in the middle by a oircle. In each of the compartments is the figure of a lion passant, the arms of the O'Briens. This ancient relic is said to have formed the lid of a stone coffin, and until the alterations in 1861, it lay near the western entrance, from which it was removed to its present place.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 334

54. De Burgo of Castleconnell

    Castleconnell · town · Limerick

    An account is given of the De Burgo family of Castleconnell.

    Read the passage

    Bishop, account of, and burial, 647. De Burgo of Castleconnell, account of, 234. De Burgo, Sir Richard, 700. De Clare, war with Tliomond, thirteenth century, 57,

    58. De Clare (see Clare) family, 66. De Lacy, Hugh, conqueror of Ireland, 38 ; further

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 457

55. Distressed labourers assemble threateningly at Bruff

    Bruff · town · Limerick · 1862

    On 25 March, the distressed labourers of Bruff assembled in a threatening manner, reflecting the acute poverty and unemployment in the town.

    Read the passage

    March 25. — A branch of the Provincial Bank was opened at Newcastle. Same day, the distressed labourers of BrufF assembled in a threatening manner.

    April 1. — Death in Dublin of Sir Matthew Barrington, Crown Solicitor of Munster, one of tha most active and energetic professional men of his time, and one of the most useful and remarkable of the citizens of Limerick.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 301

56. Donald O'Brien grants Mungret lands to Bishop, 1179

    Mungret · town · Limerick · 1179

    In 1179 Donald O'Brien, king of Limerick, granted the lands of Mungret and the lands of Ivamnach to Brictius, Bishop of Limerick, and his successors, and to the clergy of St. Mary's, Limerick. Brictius had assisted at the Council of Lateran with other Irish bishops in 1179-80.

    Read the passage

    1179. Donald O'Brien, king of Limerick, granted the lands of Mungret and the lands of Ivamnach to Brictius, Bishop of Limerick, successor of Turgesius (who assisted at the Covtncil of Lateran with other Irish bishops in 1179-80), and his successors, and to the clergy of St. Mary's, Limerick.

    ' Lanigan, Ecdes. Hist, vol. ii. p. 103, etc.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 311

57. Dr. James Stritch, Catholic Pastor of Rathkeale, vicar-general of Limerick

    Rathkeale · town · Limerick · 1713

    In 1713, Dr. James Stritch, aged 71, Catholic Pastor of Rathkeale, served as vicar-general of the Diocese of Limerick while the See was long vacant of a bishop.

    Read the passage

    1713. — Dr. James Stricli, age 71 years. Catholic Pastor of Rathkeale, was vicar-general of the Diocese of Limerick^ the See being long vacant of a Bishop.^

    This year there was a general election : among those anxious to represent in Parliament the city of Limerick was Mr. Ingolclsby Phipps, son of Sir Constantine Phipps, the then notorious Lord Chancellor of Ireland. As the Protestant Bishop had very great interest in the city, and as he was potent not only vrith the anglican clergy, but with the Mayor and Corporation, the Lord Chancellor^ zealously sought his influence on behalf of his son.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 176

58. Dublin Mail Coach arrested by snow on Curragh of Kildare

    Curragh · townland · Kildare · 1814

    On January 11th, the Dublin Mail Coach travelling to Limerick was arrested for two days due to a fall of snow, reported to be ten feet deep in the Curragh of Kildare, and the coach was abandoned in it.

    Read the passage

    days on the road, in consequence of a fall of snow. Reports state that the snow was ten feet deep in the Curragh of Kildare ; and the Dublin mail coach abandoned in it.

    Jan. 13th — Public thanksgiving in the Protestant churches for the successes of the allied arms over the French.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 246

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Curragh, in January 1814, snow fell so deep it stopped the Dublin mail coach. Reports said the snow was ten feet deep in the Curragh of Kildare. The coach was abandoned in it.

59. Duke of Richmond banquet and civic addresses in Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick · 1807

    The Duke of Richmond visited Limerick and was presented with addresses by the Corporation and public bodies. A public banquet was held on 4 October, provided by hotel-keeper Mr. Swinburne, and the Duke's staff were granted the freedom of the city.

    Read the passage

    Addresses were presented to his Grace by the Corporation and public bodies, and the Duke was invited by the Corporation to a public banquet on the 4th of October ; his staff consisting of Earl of March, Lord Loftus, Sir Charles Vernon, Knight Chamberlain, A.D.C.s., were likewise presented with the freedom of the city. The banquet was provided by Mr. Swinburne, a hotel-keeper, who had many relatives that rose to distinction in the British army, and was given on a grand scale.^

    There was a record at the previous Cork Assizes about the salmon weir. A petition for the more equal distribution of the taxation and the improvement of the city and liberties was agreed to by the Corporation, and presented to Parliament by Colonel Vereker.

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 238

60. Earl of Desmond submits to Lord Deputy Essex at Limerick

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    The Earl of Desmond made a submission to Thomas Radcliff, Earl of Essex, Lord Deputy of Ireland, at Limerick.

    Read the passage

    ' Rymer's Foedera. The Earl of Desmond made a submission to Thomas Radcliff, Earl of Essex, Lord Deputy of Ireland, at Limerick.

    ' What little was known in these times in Ireland of natural history is evident from the fact that a camel which was sent by the King of England to one of the O'Briens, was regarded with perfect wonder, even by the better educated, who did not know what to designate the animal. We find the camel thus described in the Annals of the Four Masters : —

    Internet Archive limerickitshisto00leni, Chapter 43