Name: Sketches in Carbery, county Cork, : its antiquities, history, legends, and topography
Author: Daniel Donovan

St Brendan visited Ross and taught there

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

St Brendan, patron saint of Kerry, is said to have visited Ross and taught 'lessons of wisdom' there, adding to the ecclesiastical prestige of the site.

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The "Book of Dues," as mentioned already, belonging to the church of Boss-Allithri, was presented to St. Fachtnan by Conall, chieftain of Corca Laidhe, at Ardnabportan (Crab-Fish Hill), on Inisbeg, an island in the river Hen, near Skibbereen. We find the following notice in the "Annals of Innisfallen : " " A. D. 600. Died Fachtnan, first Bishop of Boss- Allithir, in Corca Laidbe." According to Hanmer, "Ross was formerly walled round, but by the wars of the Irish septs the walls were broken down, and, at the present day, the foundations of this ancient place cannot even be traced." The same writer says — "A famous university also flourished here, where resorted all the south-west of Ireland for learning sake." St. Brendan, patron saint of Kerry, is also said to have visited Boss, and taught "lessons of wisdom" there. Camden, who lived in the reign of Elizabeth, states that the harbour, previous to his time, was navigable for ships, but in his own day it had become choked up with sand, and in this condition it has remained down to the present date. After St. Fachtnan's death, St. Finchad, a disciple of St. Finbar, of Cork, succeeded. No account of any of his successors down to the year 1170 is given, except of Dougal Mac Folact, the 27th bishop. According to O'Flaherty, and he gives as his authority a distich out of the " Book of Lecan" : —
" Dougalus a Fachtna ter nonus Episcopus extat, Lugadia de gente dedit cui Eossa mitram."

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Ross Carbery, the town the road passes through. The place carries an old ecclesiastical story. A famous university once flourished here, where all the south-west of Ireland resorted for learning's sake. Ross was formerly walled round, but the wars of the Irish septs broke the walls down, and the foundations cannot even be traced today. St. Brendan, patron saint of Kerry, is said to have visited Ross and taught lessons of wisdom there. The Book of Dues, belonging to the church of Ross-Ailithir, was presented to St. Fachtnan by Conall, chieftain of Corca Laidhe, at Ardnabportan, Crab-Fish Hill, on Inisbeg, an island in the river Hen, near Skibbereen. The Annals of Innisfallen record that in the year 600 Fachtnan died, first Bishop of Ross-Ailithir, in Corca Laidhe. After St. Fachtnan's death, St. Finchad, a disciple of St. Finbar of Cork, succeeded. No account of any of his successors is given down to the year 1170, except Dougal Mac Folact, the 27th bishop. O'Flaherty, giving as his authority a distich from the Book of Lecan, says Dougalus was the 27th bishop from Fachtna, and the people of Lugaidh gave Ross its mitre. Camden, who lived in the reign of Elizabeth, states that the harbour was once navigable for ships, but in his own day it had become choked with sand, and so it has remained.

St. Fachnan founded the See of Ross

near Ross · parish · Cork

The ancient See of Ross was established by St. Fachnan thirteen centuries before the time of writing, and is renowned for the sanctity and learning of its prelates including St. Fachnan, De Courcy, O'Herlihy, and MacEgan.

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That ancient See, indeed, is both venerable and renowned; venerable by reason of the lengthened period (thirteen centuries) which has elapsed since it was first established by St. Fachnan, and renowned for the sanctity, learning, and philanthropy of those ; great and pious prelates, like St. Fachnan, De Courcey, O'Herlihy, andMacEgan, the lustre of whose names, and the memory of whose bright deeds, are neither obscured nor dimmed by age but shine forth even now with more than redoubled splendour.
The present Roman Catholic church, a handsome, commodious building, was erected by the Eev. Jeremiah Molony, P. P., who also was instrumental in building schools for the education of children. He was uncle to the present respected P.P. of Rosscarbery, the Eev. J. Molony, Y. Gr. of Eoss. .

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

The parish of Ross carries an old and storied name. Thirteen centuries ago St. Fachnan established the ancient See of Ross here, and it became renowned for the sanctity and learning of its prelates, men like St. Fachnan, De Courcy, O'Herlihy, and MacEgan, whose names, as the old book puts it, shine forth even now with more than redoubled splendour. In more recent times the Reverend Jeremiah Molony built the present Roman Catholic church here, a handsome building, and also founded schools for the education of children.

St. John's Eve pilgrimage at Rosscarbery (Ross Alithir)

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

The old term Ross Alithir, meaning the Field or Wood of Pilgrimage, may still be applied to Rosscarbery. On the 24th of June, St. John's Eve, every year a notable observance takes place there.

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The old term, Ross Alithir (the Field or "Wood of Pilgrimage), may still be applied with some truth to the Rosscarbery of the present day. On the 24th June (St. John's eve) every year, may be observed
Sk-'tches in Carbery. . -* 235

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

Coming up is Ross Carbery in Cork. The old name Ross Alithir meant the Field or Wood of Pilgrimage, and the book says that name may still apply to the town today. On the 24th of June, St. John's Eve, every year, an observance may be witnessed here.

Bawnlahan: O'Donovan seat and surviving walls

Bawnlahan · townland · Cork

Bawnlahan, near Fineen at the north-west corner of Myross parish, was formerly the principal seat of the O'Donovan family in Carbery after Castledonovan. Its original name Banleathan means a broad field or enclosure for cattle. Portions of the old enclosing walls still stand.

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At the north-west corner of the parish, near Eineen, is situated Bawnlahan, which formerly was the principal seat of the O'Donovan family in Carbery, after Castledonovan. Its original name was Banleathan, which means in Irish a broad field or enclosure, where cattle were generally confined. Portions of the old walls which enclosed this place are standing still ; the greater part, however, have fallen down. In the old feudal times, when castles and fortified dwellings studded the surface of the country, and when the various tribes and families adopted what is often styled :
" The good old rule, the simple plan, That they may take who had the power, And they may keep who can,"

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 11

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is Bawnlahan, the old name meaning a broad field or enclosure where cattle were confined. After Castledonovan, this was the principal seat of the O'Donovan family in Carbery. Portions of the old enclosing walls still stand, though most have fallen. The source quotes the old feudal rule: they may take who have the power, and they may keep who can.

Carraic Cliodhna rock near Castle Freke described

near Castlefreke · street · Cork

Between Ross Bay and Galley Head, off the sloping strand called Traigh Claine, stands the rock known as Carraic Cliodhna, beneath Castle Freke near the water's edge. The peasantry point it out to inquirers; it resembles the dark hull of an ironclad man-of-war in the distance.

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"Between Ross Bay and the Galley Head, a strand is situated called Traigh Claine (the sloping strand), off which standing in the water at a short distance from the beach is a rock called Carraic Cliodhna." Such being the case, it is about four miles to the east of Glandore Harbour.
It was also called the " Bock," par excellence, to distinguish it from other rocks in the vicinity, which were of less note and importance. The veritable Carraic Cliodhna, answering to the above description, is pointed out by the peasantry to any person who chooses to make inquiries. It is immediately underneath Castle Freke, near the water's edge, off the sloping strand, and resembles in the distance the dark-looking hull of an iron-clad man of war. :

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 13

Castletownsend village and castle ruins

Castletownsend · townland · Cork

The village and seat of Castletownsend sits on the western shore of the harbour, on the slope of a hill. Adjoining the village are the ruins of the castle, the original seat of the Townsend family.

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About midway up the harbour are situated on the western shore, on the declivity of a hill, the village and seat of Castletownsend. Adjoining the latter are the ruins of the castle, the original seat of the Townsend family, to which allusion has already been made. Facing Castletownsend at the opposite side stand the ruins of Eahine Castle, built by the O'Donovans. Close to the castle a narrow sand spit projects out into the water from the beach, and this separates the lower half, called The Harbour proper, from the upper part, which is called the Eineen Eiver, and which, taking a winding course about one mile and a half long, terminates near Eineen Mills in a ml de sac at Pekeen na Mara Bridge (the extremity of the sea), on the Skibbereen and Myross road ; it is properly an estuary of the sea, being salt water, but is styled a river owing to its winding course and narrow channel. On the west side, at the head of this estuary, is situated Eineen House, the seat of J. H. Swanton, Esq., of modern construction, but one of the most picturesquely situated houses in Carbery ; the grounds are laid out with great taste and skill, and the view, when the tide is
144 Sketches in Carbery.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 10

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, on the western shore about midway up the harbour, the village and seat of Castletownsend sits on the slope of a hill. Adjoining the village are the ruins of the castle, the original seat of the Townsend family. Across the water, facing Castletownsend, stand the ruins of Eahine Castle, built by the O'Donovans. Close to the castle a narrow sand spit runs out into the water from the beach, and it separates the lower half, called the Harbour proper, from the upper part, which is called the Eineen Eiver. This upper part takes a winding course about one mile and a half long, and it terminates near Eineen Mills in a dead end at Pekeen na Mara Bridge, the extremity of the sea, on the Skibbereen and Myross road. It is properly an estuary of the sea, being salt water, but it is styled a river owing to its winding course and narrow channel. On the west side, at the head of this estuary, is situated Eineen House, the seat of J. H. Swanton, of modern construction, but one of the most picturesquely situated houses in Carbery. The grounds are laid out with great taste and skill, and the view, when the tide is in, is striking.

Low Island (Arahas) chapel and burials

near Low Island · townland · Cork

Low Island, formerly called Arahas Island, was occupied by a small chapel, near the site of which persons from the mainland were buried.

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■workmanship. Here alse is a peculiar-looking tomb, built of large stone slabs in the form of a truncated pyramid ; it was the burying-place of the O'Donovans of Bawnlahane. From this spot we get a good view out to sea and along the coast. Immediately facing us, at a short' distance, we perceive High and Low Island; the latter was formerly called Arahas Island, and was occupied by a small cbapel, near the site of which persons from the mainland were buried. On Babbit's Island, near Squince, a holy well dedicated to St. Bridget at one time nourished. The country people used to congregate there on the eve of St. Bridget to offer up their devotions. However, some years ago a boat was capsized, returning late one evening from the island, and some people drowned. Since then the well has been neglected, and another well on the mainland, in a little sequestered nook near Squince coastguard station, fulfils the office of its predecessor. The sea near Squince runs inland for a short distance, forming a peculiar inlet, which ends in a cul-de-sac. It is called in Irish, Cuan-caech, and in English, Blind Harbour. Close to the beach we observe Squince House, formerly the seat of the O'Donovans of Squince, of the Clanloughlin branch, celebrated for their hospitality. At the mouth of Blind Harbour, in February, 1874, an Italian barque, the "Pulcinello" was shipwrecked during a terrible gale. Driven in near the shore by the fury of the gale, she foundered in the harbour. All hands were lost, with the exception of a young Italian boy, who had a miraculous escape. He was flung ashore by a wave which washed over the ship's deck, and before the succeeding wave could overtake him he contrived to scramble beyond the reach of the tide, holding on by the grass and fems. He was picked up next morning in an ex-
172 Sketches in Carter y.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Low Island, out from this coast, High Island and Low Island face you. Low Island was once called Arahas Island. A small chapel stood on it, and near the site of that chapel, people from the mainland were buried. From the shore here, there is a view out to sea and along the coast. On this spot stands a tomb built of large stone slabs in the form of a truncated pyramid, the burying-place of the O'Donovans of Bawnlahane.

Spanish oven remains at Reen Point

Reen Point · point · Cork · 1601

At the extremity of Reen Point are the remains of one of the ovens used by the Spaniards, consisting of a pit in the ground surrounded by fragments of a circular wall.

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place of the Danes. At the extremity of Been Point are situated the remains of one of the ovens used by the Spaniards: they consist at present of a pit in the ground, surrounded by fragments of a circular wall. The view from Eeen Point up the harbour and out to sea is extensive and well worth seeing. The harbour of Castlehaven, from its entrance, which is about half a mile across, runs inland a distance of three miles. The channel is bold and deep, the average depth of water in the harbour being from fourteen to thirty feet, and suited for vessels drawing ten feet.
About midway up the harbour are situated on the western shore, on the declivity of a hill, the village and seat of Castletownsend. Adjoining the latter are the ruins of the castle, the original seat of the Townsend family, to which allusion has already been made. Facing Castletownsend at the opposite side stand the ruins of Eahine Castle, built by the O'Donovans. Close to the castle a narrow sand spit projects out into the water from the beach, and this separates the lower half, called The Harbour proper, from the upper part, which is called the Eineen Eiver, and which, taking a winding course about one mile and a half long, terminates near Eineen Mills in a ml de sac at Pekeen na Mara Bridge (the extremity of the sea), on the Skibbereen and Myross road ; it is properly an estuary of the sea, being salt water, but is styled a river owing to its winding course and narrow channel. On the west side, at the head of this estuary, is situated Eineen House, the seat of J. H. Swanton, Esq., of modern construction, but one of the most picturesquely situated houses in Carbery ; the grounds are laid out with great taste and skill, and the view, when the tide is

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 10

As the companion tells it

Right here at Reen Point are the remains of one of the ovens used by the Spaniards. They consist now of a pit in the ground, surrounded by fragments of a circular wall. Not much to look at, but it goes back to 1601, when the Spanish were here. The view from this point up the harbour and out to sea is extensive. The harbour of Castlehaven, from its entrance, which is about half a mile across, runs inland a distance of 3 miles. The channel is bold and deep, the average depth of water being from 14 to 30 feet, suited for vessels drawing 10 feet. About midway up the harbour, on the western shore, on the declivity of a hill, sit the village and seat of Castletownsend. Adjoining it are the ruins of the castle, the original seat of the Townsend family. Facing Castletownsend at the opposite side stand the ruins of Rahine Castle, built by the O'Donovans. Close to that castle a narrow sand spit projects out into the water from the beach, and this separates the lower half, called The Harbour proper, from the upper part, called the Reen River, which takes a winding course about 1 and a half miles long and terminates near Reen Mills in a cul-de-sac at Reen na Mara Bridge, the extremity of the sea, on the Skibbereen and Myross road. On the west side, at the head of this estuary, is Reen House, the seat of J. H. Swanton.

Collins manuscript held at Union Hall, Myross

Unionhall · town · Cork

The original manuscript copy by Collins, containing a condensed history of ancient Ireland and the pedigree of the O'Donovans of Clancahill, was possessed by Mr. Philip O'Donovan of Union Hall, Myross.

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Mac Carthys of Grleana Crohn," has "written a brief account of John Collins in the latter work. He also possesses the original manuscript of Collins relating to the genealogy of the Mac Carthys. The original manuscript copy by Collins, consisting of a brief condensed " History of Ancient Ireland," and " The Pedigree of the O'Donovans of Clancahill" is possessed by Mr. Philip O'Donovan, of Union Hall, Myross.
At the south-east corner of Myross, close to the mouth of Grlandore Harbour, is situated the townland of Carigilihy. Previous to 1846 a thriving hamlet of the same name existed here, containing a population of about 700 persons, who gained a livelihood chiefly by fishing and trading along the coast. "When the gaunt and grim spectre of famine passed over the land, carrying death and desolation on its blighting track into many a prosperous and happy homestead, the ravages of disease and hunger extended themselves to this remote hamlet too. Most of those who weathered the storm emigrated to America, and at present we only observe ruined habitations and a scanty population, where in former times a numerous colony of people resided.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Unionhall, a town the road passes through here in Cork. A manuscript once lived in this place. The original copy by John Collins, a brief condensed history of ancient Ireland, and the pedigree of the O'Donovans of Clancahill, was possessed by Mr. Philip O'Donovan of Union Hall, Myross. Collins also wrote on the genealogy of the MacCarthys, and that manuscript was held by the same hand who wrote a brief account of Collins himself. The O'Donovan pedigree sat here in this coastal parish, the work of a man who set down the lines of old families and the condensed story of the country before the famine years. The manuscript carried the names and the lineage of Clancahill through the rooms of a house at Union Hall. At the south-east corner of Myross, close to the mouth of Glandore Harbour, lies the townland of Carigilihy. Before 1846 a thriving hamlet stood here, with about 700 people, who lived chiefly by fishing and trading along the coast. When famine came, hunger and disease reached this remote place too. Most who survived emigrated to America. Now only ruined habitations and a scanty population remain, where a numerous colony once resided.

Glandore Harbour scenery and name origin

near Glandore · population centre · Cork

Glandore Harbour is described as one of the most picturesque inlets along the southern coast, noted for its harmonious arrangement of rock, water, hill and dale. Its ancient name was 'Cuan Dor' or, according to local pronunciation, 'Cuan Dair,' meaning 'The Harbour of the Oak,' reflecting the former abundance of oak trees in the area. Dr. Todd alternatively interpreted the name as 'the golden harbour,' though local pronunciation does not confirm this.

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The ancient name of Glandore was Cuan Dor, or more properly, according to the local Irish pronunciation, "Cuan Dair," which would signify The Harbour of the Oak, which tree was in former times
PH

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 12

As the companion tells it

Up ahead is Glandore, one of the most picturesque inlets on the southern coast. Its ancient name was Cuan Dor, or Cuan Dair in the local pronunciation, meaning the Harbour of the Oak, for the oak trees that once grew here. Dr. Todd read the name as the golden harbour, though the local pronunciation does not support that.

Rahine Castle ruins built by O'Donovans

Rahine · townland · Cork

Facing Castletownsend on the opposite side of the harbour stand the ruins of Rahine Castle, built by the O'Donovans. A narrow sand spit projects nearby, separating the lower harbour from the upper part called the Reen River.

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About midway up the harbour are situated on the western shore, on the declivity of a hill, the village and seat of Castletownsend. Adjoining the latter are the ruins of the castle, the original seat of the Townsend family, to which allusion has already been made. Facing Castletownsend at the opposite side stand the ruins of Eahine Castle, built by the O'Donovans. Close to the castle a narrow sand spit projects out into the water from the beach, and this separates the lower half, called The Harbour proper, from the upper part, which is called the Eineen Eiver, and which, taking a winding course about one mile and a half long, terminates near Eineen Mills in a ml de sac at Pekeen na Mara Bridge (the extremity of the sea), on the Skibbereen and Myross road ; it is properly an estuary of the sea, being salt water, but is styled a river owing to its winding course and narrow channel. On the west side, at the head of this estuary, is situated Eineen House, the seat of J. H. Swanton, Esq., of modern construction, but one of the most picturesquely situated houses in Carbery ; the grounds are laid out with great taste and skill, and the view, when the tide is
144 Sketches in Carbery.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 10

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here stand the ruins of Rahine Castle, built by the O'Donovans. They face Castletownsend across the harbour, standing on the opposite shore. Close to the castle, a narrow sand spit projects out into the water from the beach, separating the lower half, called the Harbour proper, from the upper part, which is called the Reen River. The Reen River takes a winding course about one and a half miles long and terminates near Reen Mills in a dead end at Reen na Mara Bridge, the extremity of the sea, on the Skibbereen and Myross road. It is properly an estuary of the sea, being salt water, but it is styled a river owing to its winding course and narrow channel. On the west side, at the head of this estuary, is situated Reen House, the seat of J. H. Swanton, of modern construction, but one of the most picturesquely situated houses in Carbery.

Sherkin Island and Baltimore Bay

near Sherkin Island · townland · Cork

Sherkin Island, together with Tullagh to the east, makes the little bay of Baltimore completely land-locked. The island is described as pretty and is situated some miles westward of Skibbereen.

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" Some twenty years after the famine-scourge had passed away, and oyer two millions of the Irish people with it, I visited Skibbereen. Approaching the town from the (. ork side it looks rather an important place. It is the seat of the Catholic Bishop of Ross, and attention is immediately arrested by a group of fine ecclesiastical buildings on an elevated plateau to the left, just beside the road, or street I should rather say, for those buildings are the beginning of the town ;- they consist of a cathedral and a convent, with very commodious schools, and a pretty Gothic chapel. On the other side of the way is the schoolhouse, in shade of which the military were concealed on the day the Caharagh labourers invaded Skibbereen. A short distance beyond the town, the wooded hill of Knockomagh, rising to a considerable height, overhangs Lough Hyne, one of the most beautiful spots in Ireland. Some miles to the westward lies the pretty island of Sherkin, which, with Tullagh to the east, makes the charming little bay of Baltimore completely land-locked. Out in front of all, like a giant sentinel, stands the island of Cape Clear, breasting with its defiant strength that vast ocean whose waves foam around it, lashing its shores and rushing up its crannied bluffs, still and for ever to be flung back in shattered spray by those bold and rocky headlands.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 7

As the companion tells it

You are coming through Baltimore, in Cork. The bay here is sheltered by two islands. The pretty island of Sherkin lies some miles to the westward, and with Tullagh to the east, it makes the charming little bay of Baltimore completely land-locked. Out in front of all stands the island of Cape Clear, like a giant sentinel. It breasts that vast ocean with its defiant strength. The waves foam around it, lashing its shores and rushing up its crannied bluffs, still and for ever to be flung back in shattered spray by those bold and rocky headlands. The writer who records this came as a traveller himself, some twenty years after the famine-scourge had passed away, and over two millions of the Irish people with it. He had been in Skibbereen before reaching this coast. He noted the Catholic cathedral and convent there, the commodious schools, the pretty Gothic chapel, and the schoolhouse in whose shade the military were concealed on the day the Caharagh labourers invaded Skibbereen. He noted too the wooded hill of Knockomagh overhanging Lough Hyne, one of the most beautiful spots in Ireland, before turning his gaze westward to Sherkin, Tullagh, and Cape Clear.

Blind Harbour (Cuan-caech) at Squince

Blind Harbour · harbour · Mayo

The sea near Squince runs inland for a short distance, forming a peculiar inlet ending in a cul-de-sac, called Cuan-caech in Irish and Blind Harbour in English.

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■workmanship. Here alse is a peculiar-looking tomb, built of large stone slabs in the form of a truncated pyramid ; it was the burying-place of the O'Donovans of Bawnlahane. From this spot we get a good view out to sea and along the coast. Immediately facing us, at a short' distance, we perceive High and Low Island; the latter was formerly called Arahas Island, and was occupied by a small cbapel, near the site of which persons from the mainland were buried. On Babbit's Island, near Squince, a holy well dedicated to St. Bridget at one time nourished. The country people used to congregate there on the eve of St. Bridget to offer up their devotions. However, some years ago a boat was capsized, returning late one evening from the island, and some people drowned. Since then the well has been neglected, and another well on the mainland, in a little sequestered nook near Squince coastguard station, fulfils the office of its predecessor. The sea near Squince runs inland for a short distance, forming a peculiar inlet, which ends in a cul-de-sac. It is called in Irish, Cuan-caech, and in English, Blind Harbour. Close to the beach we observe Squince House, formerly the seat of the O'Donovans of Squince, of the Clanloughlin branch, celebrated for their hospitality. At the mouth of Blind Harbour, in February, 1874, an Italian barque, the "Pulcinello" was shipwrecked during a terrible gale. Driven in near the shore by the fury of the gale, she foundered in the harbour. All hands were lost, with the exception of a young Italian boy, who had a miraculous escape. He was flung ashore by a wave which washed over the ship's deck, and before the succeeding wave could overtake him he contrived to scramble beyond the reach of the tide, holding on by the grass and fems. He was picked up next morning in an ex-
172 Sketches in Carter y.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono

Brede House, former seat of the Jervois family

Leap · town · Cork · 1800–1810

Brede House, close to Leap, was formerly the seat of the Jervois family in Carbery. About the beginning of the nineteenth century, the Rev. Arthur Herbert, Rector of Myross, purchased a portion of the Jervis estate and erected Myross House on the west side of Glandore Harbour.

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Close to Leap is Brede House, formerly the seat of the Jervois family in Carbery. About the beginning of the present century the Eev. Arthur Herbert, Eector of Myross, purchased a portion of the Jervis estate, and erected there, on the west side of Grlandore Harbour, Myross House, already noticed in a recent paragraph.
At one place, a short distance above the bridge, near Leap, though the breadth across is only a few feet, there is a clear descent to the bottom on either side of about fifty feet, the surface of the rock at the same time being as smooth as if it were cut with a saw.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 14

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Leap, Brede House stands close by. It was formerly the seat of the Jervois family in Carbery. Around the start of the 1800s, the Reverend Arthur Herbert, Rector of Myross, bought a portion of the Jervis estate. He used it to build Myross House on the west side of Glandore Harbour. There is also a spot a short distance above the bridge near Leap where the rock face drops about 50 feet on either side. The surface is as smooth as if it were cut with a saw, though the breadth across is only a few feet.

Castle Freke, the Barrys' castle near Ross

near Castlefreke · street · Cork

The Barrys seized the eastern portion of the O'Driscoll principality, now Ibane and Barryroe. Near Ross they erected the castle of Rath-Barry, whose modern name is Castle Freke.

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the coast in this vicinity the latter erected the castles of Dundeide, Dunworley, and Doneen, whilst the Barrys erected near Ross the castle of Rath-Barry, the modern name of which is Castle Freke. The O'Donovans, about the same period, viz. the close of the 12th century, retreated to the south from their ancestral domains on the banks of the river Maigue, county Limerick, where they occupied a territory called Cairbre Aebha (beautiful), situated in the barony of Coshma, near Kilmallock (the Baalbec of Ireland). They were expelled by the Fitzgeralds, who then took up their abode in Limerick. The O'Donovans settled down finally in the mountainous district of Corca Laidhe, known at present as the parish of Drimoleague, after defeating the original proprietors ; to their newly-acquired possessions they transferred the tribe name of the family Cairbre. It
-.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 2

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Castlefreke stood the castle the Barrys built near Ross. They called it Rath-Barry, and its modern name is Castle Freke. The Barrys had seized the eastern portion of the O'Driscoll principality, the lands now called Ibane and Barryroe, and they put up their castle here at the close of the 12th century. Along this same coast in that period, other castles went up too, Dundeide, Dunworley, and Doneen, built by another family. The O'Donovans were on the move at the same time, pushed south from their lands on the river Maigue in county Limerick, a territory called Cairbre Aebha near Kilmallock. The Fitzgeralds expelled them, and they settled finally in the mountains of Corca Laidhe, in what is now the parish of Drimoleague, after defeating the original proprietors.

Charter of incorporation granted to Rosscarbery under King John

Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1199–1216

As far back as the beginning of the 13th century, in the reign of King John, a charter of incorporation with privileges was granted to Rosscarbery. No municipal records of that period are now extant.

Read the passage

As far back as the beginning of the 13th century, in the reign of King John of England, a charter of incorporation with privileges was granted to Eoss, but no municipal records of that period are now extant regarding this place.
In the time of Henry VIII., Eosscarbery belonged to Mac Carthy Eeagh. A. D. 1600 a detachment from the garrison at Kinsale commanded by Sir Eicbard Percy, marched into Carbery with the intention of attacking Eoss, but finding the place too strongly fortified, they made a detour to Leap, and a sudden raid on Kilcoe (Aughadown), one of the M'Carthy castles, a few miles to the west of Skibbereen ; they seized on 300 head of cattle, and desolated the country as much as they could.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

You are coming through Ross Carbery, a Cork town that was already important enough in the early 1200s to receive a charter of incorporation with privileges from King John of England, between 1199 and 1216. No municipal records from that period survive. Later, under Henry the 8th, the town belonged to Mac Carthy Reagh. In 1600 a detachment from the garrison at Kinsale, commanded by Sir Richard Percy, marched into Carbery meaning to attack Ross, but found the place too strongly fortified. They made a detour to Leap and launched a sudden raid on Kilcoe, one of the Mac Carthy castles near Aughadown, west of Skibbereen. They seized 300 head of cattle and, as the record puts it,

Druidical altar and circle near Baltimore

Baltimore · town · Cork

Remains of a Druidical altar or cromlech of great antiquity lie near the present village of Baltimore, where Druids celebrated their mysterious rites. A Druidical circle can also be observed in the same locality.

Read the passage

The first place I intend describing is Baltimore, anciently called Dunashad (the fortress of the jewels), which is a place of great interest, when we take into account -its antiquity and former importance. It was called Baltimore from the words Baile-an-Ti-Mor, which signify in the Irish language " The town of the Great House." It was in olden times a celebrated sanctuary of the Druids, who carried on their idolatrous worship of the pagan god, Baal, in this place. Not far from the present village are the remains of a Druidical • altar or Cromlech, evidently of great antiquity, where the Druids were wont to celebrate the mysterious rites of their religion, and often sought to propitiate the favour of the bloodthirsty Baal by the immolation of victims to this ideal monster. A Druidical circle can be also observed in the same locality.
As far back as the beginning of the 16th century, Baltimore was a town of considerable importance, and a great resort for fishermen from the coasts of France and Spain. In 1537 the merchants of "Waterford fitted

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 3

As the companion tells it

As you come through Baltimore, anciently called Dunashad, the fortress of the jewels, you are passing a place the Druids knew well. It was called Baltimore from Baile-an-Ti-Mor, the town of the Great House. In olden times it was a celebrated sanctuary of the Druids, who carried on their idolatrous worship of the pagan god Baal here. Not far from the present village are the remains of a Druidical altar or Cromlech, evidently of great antiquity, where the Druids celebrated the mysterious rites of their religion and often sought to propitiate the favour of the bloodthirsty Baal by the immolation of victims. A Druidical circle can also be observed in the same locality. As far back as the beginning of the 16th century, Baltimore was a town of considerable importance and a great resort for fishermen from the coasts of France and Spain.

Florence O'Driscoll of Ballyisland and the Mount Musick branch

Ballyisland · townland · Cork · 1677–1836

The Mount Musick branch of the O'Driscolls descended from Florence O'Driscoll of Ballyisland, son of Colonel Cornelius and grandson of Donoogh. Florence was born in 1677 and married in 1706 the daughter of O'Donovan. Captain Alexander O'Driscoll, celebrated in Carbery forty years prior, belonged to this branch.

Read the passage

A very interesting account, written specially for the late Dr. O'Donovan, by Eickard O'Donovan, Esq., Cork, Clerk of the Crown, is included in the appendix to a work by the former, styled the "Genealogy of Corca Laidhe," to which we refer those who are anxious to learn all minute particulars concerning the O'Driscoll history and pedigree. It appears that the substantial though ugly-looking square building near the river at Oldcourt, which latter place derives its name from this structure, was formerly called Creagh Court, and occupied by Denis O'Driscoll in the beginning of the 18th century. One of his descendants living in Charlestown, America, is supposed to be the senior representative of this family.' William Hy O'Driscoll, of Stoke, Plymouth, is said to be really the last lineal descendant of the senior branch of the O'Driscolls in the British Isles. The Mount Musick branch of the O'Driscolls, to whom the late Captain Alexander O'Driscoll belonged, so celebrated in Carbery forty years ago, were descended from Florence O'Driscoll of Eallyisland (son of Colonel Cornelius, son of Donoogh), who was born in 1677, and married in 1706 the daughter of O'Donovan, &c
Close to South Harbour on the eastern side, the

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 8

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here in Ballyisland, in Cork, the Mount Musick branch of the O'Driscolls took root. They traced back to Florence O'Driscoll of this place, son of Colonel Cornelius and grandson of Donoogh. Florence was born in 1677. In 1706 he married the daughter of O'Donovan. From his line came Captain Alexander O'Driscoll, a man celebrated in Carbery forty years before the account was written. The O'Driscoll pedigrees are laid out in detail in a work called the Genealogy of Corca Laidhe, prepared by Dr. O'Donovan, with an appendix written specially for him by Eickard O'Donovan, Clerk of the Crown in Cork. That appendix holds the finer points of the family history. Another O'Driscoll, Denis, lived at Creagh Court near the river at Oldcourt early in the 18th century. A descendant of his was said to be living in Charlestown, America. William Hy O'Driscoll of Stoke, Plymouth, was said to be the last lineal descendant of the senior branch of the O'Driscolls in the British Isles.

Knockowen, source of three rivers near Drimoleague

Knockowen · townland · Kerry

Knockowen, meaning 'hill of streams,' rises near Drimoleague and is the source of three rivers: the Bandon, the Ilen, and the Meallagh (Bantry river). Rain clouds perpetually hover about this hill.

Read the passage

The view down the river from near Creagh, on a fine day, is quite attractive. The lien, winding in a serpentine course towards Baltimore harbour, shining and sparkling in the sunlight like a silver thread, and dotted over with a multitude of rocky islets, whose recesses form a safe retreat and favorite feeding ground for flocks of sea fowl during the winter months. Looking backwards, the country presents no very striking features to engage our attention. We are chiefly struck by the almost complete absence of wood, and the sombre-looking patchwork of irregular fields, enclosed by earthen banks, and the prominent position wherever we turn of the "Carberise Eupes," so much admired by tourists and strangers, most probably on account of the novelty and_ singularity of the scene. Farther inland, the view is intercepted by the dark chains of hills, which stretch along in a south-westerly direction, from the neighbourhood of Dunmanway and Drimoleague towards the bays of Dunmanus and Bantry. From one of these hills near Drimoleague, where "rain clouds perpetually hover about," named Knuck Owen (the hill of streams), three rivers derive their source — the Bandon river, the Hen, and the Bantry river (the Meallagh). Par away, towards the west, we descry the mountains culminating to their highest points in Gabriel, the Sugar Loaf, and Hungry Hill (2,251 feet high), from which latter descends in the winter months a
Mr

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 4

O'Driscoll's Dunanore Castle ruins described

Doonanore Castle · castle · Cork

O'Driscoll's castle of Dunanore, of small dimensions, stands with ivied walls and picturesque ruins overhanging the Atlantic. The chambers are tenantless and deserted, the ancient tapestry replaced by ivy, with only the wind and Atlantic roar echoing around the crumbling pile.

Read the passage

O'Driscoll's castle of Dunanore was of small dimensions. The ivied walls and quaint, picturesque ruins, independent of the wildness of the surrounding scenery, recall at once the traditions of the neighbourhood, and the interesting records of the historic past. The chambers overhanging the stormy Atlantic are tenantless and deserted, except by the birds of the air ; the ancient tapestry and the orna-
Sketches in Carbery. 95

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 8

South Harbour fishing hamlet on Cape Clear

Cape Clear · electoral division · Cork · 1850–1876

South Harbour on Cape Clear consists of a collection of cabins forming a fishing hamlet of most unpretending appearance. The climate is mild enough that potatoes ripen by end of May, and recently some improvement in residences and less destitution has been observed.

Read the passage

island, is South Harbour, which is separated from the former by a narrow rocky isthmus. In the vicinity is a collection of cabins of most unpretending appearance, forming a sort of fishing hamlet. The priest's residence is near the beach, and the climate here, owing to the southerly aspect, is so mild and warm during the summer that potatoes are quite ripe towards the end of May. Of late an improvement is being effected in the residences of the inhabitants, who also suffer less from destitution than in former times. South Harbour possesses a good depth of water, but, owing to its exposure to the S. E. gales, which blow at times so violently, the anchorage is unsafe. It would require a large expenditure of money to construct a breakwater or pier, which would give sufficient shelter to vessels. The present miniature breakwater is of no practical utility.
The following strange story is related by Smith in connection with South Harbour. "About 120 years ago a large vessel, with a valuable cargo on board, homeward bound from the "West Indies, was overtaken by a storm near Cape Clear. She was in great danger, having several feet of water in her hold, and the captain, fearing that she would not remain afloat until morning— whether by good luck or good management it is impossible to say — steered her during the night into the harbour by the light of a candle from a cabin on the island. Great was his amazement the following morning to find himself safely deposited in a snug basin, though- quite io-norant of the locality, as he had lost his reckoning cfuring the gale." This was certainly a hairbreadth escape, as, had he deviated in the slightest' degree from the narrow channel leading in,

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 8

Valley of Barnagowlans along the Mealagh

Barnagowlane · townland · Cork

The Mealagh river winds through the centre of the valley of Barnagowlans, a cup-shaped hollow in the heart of the mountain. It is described as most remote, secluded, and difficult of access, about equidistant from Dunmanway, Drimoleague, and Bantry.

Read the passage

From its fountain head to its termination, the Mealagh, though its course is short, has some points of interest. Not far from its source, it is a diminutive mountain stream near tbe foot of Mount Owen, dashing down in one place as a foaming cascade, over tbe sheer side of a rocky boulder which projects from tbe hill- side. Gathering size and importance, as it goes along, from all the numerous mountain rills which add their tributary waters, it winds along, a murmuring stream, as the Irish name denotes, through the centre of the valley of Barnagowlans, which is a cup-shaped hollow in the heart of the mountain, most remote, secluded, and difficult of access, about equi-distant from Dunmanway, Drimoleague, and Bantry.
The latter is so completely encircled by mountains on every side, and the mode of exit appears so diffi-

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 11

West Pouladav on Traghlong land

Tralong · townland · Cork

A second chasm called West Pouladav exists on the land of Traghlong, with proportions on a somewhat smaller scale than the main Pouladav chasm near Dooneen Point.

Read the passage

through the south passage in fine weather. The western opening into Pouladav forms a subterranean passage, which joins the sea at Mill Cove, after pursuing a course of a quarter of a mile. The east entrance is said to run underground for nearly a mile, and open into the sea near Downeen Point. Pouladav itself is a huge chasm, open at the top. Its east and west sides are formed by abruptly precipitous cliffs, l220 feet high, the continuity of whose surface is unbroken from top to bottom by a single ledge of rock. At the north side a steep and winding pathway leads to the bottom, where a person can stand, on a small strand covered with large flat stones, and observe the sea -rushing in through the south entrance. The descent and ascent along this path are not easily accomplished, especially in rainy weather. At the top Pouladav measures about 60 to 80 yards across, and it is about 160 yards long. There is another Black Hole on the land of Traghlong, called West Pouladav, whose proportions are on a somewhat smaller scale than those of the one we have been describing.
At the head of the valley through which the Eowry river runs, and about half-a-mile from Milcove, stand the ruins of Ballyverine House, or Coppin ger's Court as it is more familiarly called, which according to Smith, during the 18th century was the largest house in Carbery, and which, according to popular tradition, had a chimney for every month a door for every week, and a window for every day in the year.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 14

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, on the land of Traghlong, there is a second chasm called West Pouladav. It is a black hole in the ground, smaller in scale than the main Pouladav near Downeen Point. The main Pouladav is a huge chasm, open at the top. Its east and west sides are formed by abruptly precipitous cliffs, 1,220 feet high, the continuity of whose surface is unbroken from top to bottom by a single ledge of rock. At the north side, a steep and winding pathway leads to the bottom, where a person can stand on a small strand covered with large flat stones, and observe the sea rushing in through the south entrance. The descent and ascent along this path are not easily accomplished, especially in rainy weather. At the top, Pouladav measures about 60 to 80 yards across, and it is about 160 yards long. The western opening into Pouladav forms a subterranean passage which joins the sea at Mill Cove after a course of a quarter of a mile. The east entrance is said to run underground for nearly a mile and open into the sea near Downeen Point.

Benedictine Abbey of Rosscarbery linked to Wurtzburgh

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

The ancient abbey of Rosscarbery once belonged to the Benedictine Order and was subject to the celebrated Benedictine Abbey of St. James outside the walls of Wurtzburgh in Germany.

Read the passage

At one time the ancient abbey belonged to the monks of the Benedictine Order, and was subject to the celebrated Benedictine Abbey of St. James, without the walls of the city of Wurtzburgh, in the province of Mentz, Germany.
As far back as the beginning of the 13th century, in the reign of King John of England, a charter of incorporation with privileges was granted to Eoss, but no municipal records of that period are now extant regarding this place.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Ross Carbery in Cork. The ancient abbey here once belonged to the Benedictine Order and answered to the Abbey of St. James, outside the walls of Wurtzburgh in Germany. A charter of incorporation with privileges was granted as far back as the start of the 13th century, in the reign of King John, but no municipal records from that time survive.

Lough Hyne scenery and sea connection

near Lough Hyne · lake or lakes · Cork

Lough Hyne is a circular salt-water lake about two miles in circumference, with depths up to thirty fathoms between the island and the western shore. Its entrance from the sea is hidden by an island and a neck of land stretching from Barlogue, creating a striking contrast between placid lake waters and the crashing Atlantic.

Read the passage

From this "Look-out" the lover of scenery obtains a view, which even though limited in extent, is unsurpassed in the opinions of many by any portion of the far-famed Lakes of Killarney. Beneath lies the Lough, which is circular in shape, and about two miles in circumference. Near its mouth is situated a small island, 'close to the eastern shore, on which, until recently, the ruined walls of an old castle stood. It belonged to the O'Driscolls, and was intended to command and protect the entrance into the lake from the sea. It is about six years ago since the walls fell down, and at present only the foundation of this old castle is to be seen. Between the island and the western shore the lake in some places has been ascertained to be 30 fathoms in depth. Smith
St. ^^±^z*.-

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 9

As the companion tells it

Coming up along Lough Hyne in Cork, a circular salt-water lake about 2 miles around. A small island sits near the eastern shore, close to the lake's mouth, and on it once stood the ruined walls of a castle belonging to the O'Driscolls, built to command and protect the entrance from the sea. Those walls fell about 6 years ago, and only the foundation can be seen now. Between that island and the western shore, the lake drops to 30 fathoms in places. The entrance from the Atlantic is hidden behind the island and a neck of land stretching from Barlogue, so you have still lake water on one side and the crashing sea on the other. From a lookout above, the view has been favourably compared to the Lakes of Killarney.

Mealagh river from Mount Owen to Bantry Bay

near Mealagh River · river · Cork

The Mealagh river, formerly Myalagh, rises in Mount Owen (the hill of streams) in the parish of Fanlobus and flows north-west between Drimoleague, Fanlobus, and Kilmocomogue before falling into Bantry Bay at Dunamark. It formed the northern boundary of Clancahil territory.

Read the passage

The nortbern boundary was the river Mealagh — formerly Myalagh — which rises in Mount Owen (the hill of streams) in the parish of Fanlobus, and taking a north-westerly direction, between Drimoleage, Fanlobus and Kilmocomogue, falls into Bantry Bay at Dunamark.
From its fountain head to its termination, the Mealagh, though its course is short, has some points of interest. Not far from its source, it is a diminutive mountain stream near tbe foot of Mount Owen, dashing down in one place as a foaming cascade, over tbe sheer side of a rocky boulder which projects from tbe hill- side. Gathering size and importance, as it goes along, from all the numerous mountain rills which add their tributary waters, it winds along, a murmuring stream, as the Irish name denotes, through the centre of the valley of Barnagowlans, which is a cup-shaped hollow in the heart of the mountain, most remote, secluded, and difficult of access, about equi-distant from Dunmanway, Drimoleague, and Bantry.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 11

St Kieran born in Cape Clear

Cape Clear · electoral division · Cork

The text corrects Smith's assertion that Sherkin's proper name was Inis Kieran, noting that St Kieran was born in Cape Clear and had no connection with Sherkin Island. The correct Irish name is Inis-Arcain, derived from a person called Arcan.

Read the passage

The island of Sherkin forms the western boundary of Baltimore harbour, protecting it most effectually, by its interposition, from the fury of the south-western gales and the wilJWfraves 0f the Atlantic. It is separated at the north end, by a very narrow channel, from the mainland, which, as the extreme end of Aghadown parish, projects in the form of a promontory (Turk Head) between Baltimore on the east side and Roaring "Water (Lou°h Trasnagh) on the west. The ccrract name of the island is Inis-Arcain — meaning the island of Arcan — the name of a person. Smith incorrectly says that the proper name was Inis Kieran ; but this could I not possibly be the case, as St. Kieran was born
in C'npe Clear, and had no communication with

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 4

Kilfinnan Castle at Glandore harbour mouth

near Glandore · population centre · Cork

A castle called Kilfinnan formerly stood near the mouth of Glandore harbour. It has been largely replaced by buildings of a more modern date.

Read the passage

buildings of a more modern date. The one near the harbour's mouth was called Kilfinnan. The other situated near the village of Glandore, and at present styled Glandore Castle, the property of James Redmond Barry, was formerly called Cloghatrabally, meaning the " stone fortress of the strand town." It was built by the chief of the Barretts of Munster, A. D. 1215. Timoleague and Dundeide Castle were built about the same time by Nicholas Boy De Barry. In A. D. 1260, Glandore Castle was broken down by Finghin Reanna Roin, son of Domhnall Cot McCarthy. It was rebuilt soon again, and then after a long lapse of time came into the possession of Domhnall Na Caston O'Donovan, the chief of Clanloughlin, a district lying between Glandore and Ross. This chieftain died in 1580 (see " Annals of Innisfallen"). Like many other old castles, that of Glandore is said to have had underground cells or chambers, from which subterranean passages led down towards the sea-side. These were used as places of retreat and modes of escape in times of pressing danger.
In former years, not long past either, regattas were annual occurrences in Glandore, and all the arrangements connected with them were perfect and on a most advanced scale. Yachts came round from Queenstown to compete for prizes, and crews of stalwart peasants from the surrounding country displayed their prowess as oarsmen in friendly rivalryi The entire performance wound up with a ball at the Castle. On these occasions the village and the ad^ jacent positions of advantage for sightseers were thronged with a gay and cheerful crowd, in holiday costume, enjoying the amusements of the day, and no more charming tout ensemble could be observed

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 13

As the companion tells it

As you come through Glandore, near the harbour's mouth, a castle called Kilfinnan once stood. It has been largely replaced by buildings of a more modern date. There was another castle near the village itself, now styled Glandore Castle, the property of James Redmond Barry. Its old name was Cloghatrabally, meaning the stone fortress of the strand town. It was built by the chief of the Barretts of Munster in 1215. Timoleague and Dundeide Castle were built about the same time by Nicholas Boy De Barry. In 1260, Glandore Castle was broken down by Finghin Reanna Roin, son of Domhnall Cot McCarthy. It was rebuilt soon again, and after a long lapse of time came into the possession of Domhnall Na Caston O'Donovan, the chief of Clanloughlin, a district lying between Glandore and Ross. This chieftain died in 1580, according to the Annals of Innisfallen. Like many old castles, Glandore Castle is said to have had underground cells or chambers, with subterranean passages leading down towards the sea-side. These were used as places of retreat and modes of escape in times of pressing danger. In former years, not long past either, regattas were annual occurrences in Glandore, and all the arrangements were perfect and on a most advanced scale. Yachts came round from Queenstown to compete for prizes, and crews of stalwart peasants from the surrounding country displayed their prowess as oarsmen in friendly rivalry. The entire performance wound up with a ball at the Castle. The village and adjacent positions of advantage for sightseers were thronged with a gay and cheerful crowd in holiday costume, enjoying the amusements of the day.

Subterranean caves explored on Sherkin Island

near Sherkin Island · townland · Cork · 1870–1875

Subterranean caves or chambers on Sherkin Island, running from the area of the Abbey and Dunalong Castle, were explored a few years prior to the book's writing. The section breaks off before giving a full description of what was found.

Read the passage

Before concluding our notice of Sherkin it may be interesting to describe the subterranean caves or chambers, which were explored a few years ago. Starting from the Abbey and Duuelong Castle, which
Sketches m Carberi). 3?

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 4

Ancient monastery and graveyard at Ross

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

Within the ancient graveyard of Ross stood an ancient monastery whose occupants were men of distinguished piety and learning. The remains of many countrymen rest there, commemorated as holy ground with deep historical associations.

Read the passage

"Within the ancient graveyard of Ross what interesting, though sad, associations of the past are recalled to our minds ! What memories are awakened, when we reflect that we stand on holy ground, where many centuries ago an ancient monastery flourished, whose occupants were men of distinguished piety and learning ; and that here rest the honoured remains of many of our countrymen, whose noble aspirations and good acts are deserving of more than a passing tribute of affectionate remembrance and praise.
The old term, Ross Alithir (the Field or "Wood of Pilgrimage), may still be applied with some truth to the Rosscarbery of the present day. On the 24th June (St. John's eve) every year, may be observed

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

Coming up through Ross Carbery in Cork. The ancient graveyard here holds the site of a monastery that flourished many centuries ago, whose occupants were men of distinguished piety and learning. The honoured remains of many countrymen rest in this ground. The old Irish name for the place was Ross Alithir, meaning the Field or Wood of Pilgrimage.

Baltimore cromlech, most important in West Carbery

Baltimore · town · Cork

The cromlech at Baltimore is described as the most important among those listed in the barony of West Carbery. West Carbery contains nearly half of all known cromlechs in County Cork.

Read the passage

For full information regarding the Ogham inscriptions, we must refer our readers to the writings of Samuel Ferguson, and Dr. Graves, Bishop of Limerick ; and also of Messrs. Abell, Windele, Brash, and Rev. M. Horgan, all of the county Cork, who have by their laborious and learned researches developed the subject fully, and given a valuable amount of information regarding the construction and proper reading of those strange hierograms, which reveal in some degree the hidden sources of the history of former times. According to Windele, there exist but seventeen cromlechs in the county of Cork as yet discovered ; this being so, West Carbery can make a strong presentment in priority claims, as within that barony the following can be named, which amount to nearly half the entire number, viz. : — Altoir, near Tourmore ; another on the road to Four-Mile- Water, Castlehaven ; one near Bosscarbery, Coomattollin, in parish of Drinagh; Kilnegross (near Clonakilty), and Baltimore, though the last, the most important. We might also add the cromlech at Lisangle.
The word " cromlech," when translated, means the sloping stone, or stone of Crom, wl>o was the chief divinity of Pagan times; and on this stone, which formed the Druidical altar, the religious rites of the Pagans were celebrated, and the accompanying sacrifices were offered, either of human victims, or of sheep and cattle ; the latter custom was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who, it seems, from all accounts, were averse to huruan sacrifices. They -were also used as

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 5

As the companion tells it

Coming up now is Baltimore, in West Carbery. The cromlech here is called the most important of all those known in this barony. According to Windele, only 17 cromlechs have been discovered in the whole of County Cork. West Carbery can claim nearly half of that number. The others listed are at Altoir near Tourmore, another on the road to Four-Mile-Water at Castlehaven, one near Bosscarbery at Coomattollin in the parish of Drinagh, Kilnegross near Clonakilty, and one at Lisangle. But Baltimore's is the most important of them all. The word cromlech, when translated, means the sloping stone, or stone of Crom, who was the chief divinity of Pagan times. This stone formed the Druidical altar. On it the religious rites of the Pagans were celebrated, and the accompanying sacrifices were offered, either of human victims or of sheep and cattle. That latter custom was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who from all accounts were averse to human sacrifices. The same passage names the scholars who developed the study of Ogham inscriptions through laborious and learned researches: Samuel Ferguson, Dr. Graves Bishop of Limerick, and Messrs. Abell, Windele, Brash, and the Reverend M. Horgan, all of County Cork. Their work revealed in some degree the hidden sources of the history of former times.

Cromlechs of West Carbery listed

Toormore · townland · Cork

Windele recorded only seventeen cromlechs discovered in County Cork, and West Carbery claims nearly half of them. Specific sites include Altoir near Tourmore, one on the road to Four-Mile-Water in Castlehaven, one near Rosscarbery at Coomattollin in Drinagh parish, Kilnegross near Clonakilty, and Baltimore, the last being the most important.

Read the passage

For full information regarding the Ogham inscriptions, we must refer our readers to the writings of Samuel Ferguson, and Dr. Graves, Bishop of Limerick ; and also of Messrs. Abell, Windele, Brash, and Rev. M. Horgan, all of the county Cork, who have by their laborious and learned researches developed the subject fully, and given a valuable amount of information regarding the construction and proper reading of those strange hierograms, which reveal in some degree the hidden sources of the history of former times. According to Windele, there exist but seventeen cromlechs in the county of Cork as yet discovered ; this being so, West Carbery can make a strong presentment in priority claims, as within that barony the following can be named, which amount to nearly half the entire number, viz. : — Altoir, near Tourmore ; another on the road to Four-Mile- Water, Castlehaven ; one near Bosscarbery, Coomattollin, in parish of Drinagh; Kilnegross (near Clonakilty), and Baltimore, though the last, the most important. We might also add the cromlech at Lisangle.
The word " cromlech," when translated, means the sloping stone, or stone of Crom, wl>o was the chief divinity of Pagan times; and on this stone, which formed the Druidical altar, the religious rites of the Pagans were celebrated, and the accompanying sacrifices were offered, either of human victims, or of sheep and cattle ; the latter custom was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who, it seems, from all accounts, were averse to huruan sacrifices. They -were also used as

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 5

Sea caves of Sandycove or Torbay

Sandycove · street · Sligo

Between Toe-head Point and Traghcarta, the sea forms a small open bay called Sandycove or Torbay with high cliffs containing numerous caves. The caves have low circular entrances but are internally excavated to considerable height, and are frequented by pigeons and sea fowl.

Read the passage

all nature has put on a soft, rich, and mellow appearance. From the eminence on which Rahine Castle stands we ohtain a charming panoramic view of Castlehaven harbour and the surrounding scenery. In the distance out to sea, facing the entrance of the harbour, those quaint, peculiar-looking rocks, " The Stags," open on our view, reminding one forcibly of the extensive ruins of an ancient tower or castle, or calling to mind at times the description we read in legendary tales of the "phantom ships at sea." The coast line on the west side of the harbour is broken in its continuity by several points of land, which jut out into the sea. Toe-head Point forms the extremity of the land lying some distance outside the harbour's mouth, which is bounded on the west by the next point, called Traghcarta. Between Toe-head and Traghcarta the sea runs in, and forms a small open bay called Sandycove or Torbay. The cliffs in this bay are high, and furnished with numerous caves, the entrance to which is generally low and circular ; internally, however, they are excavated to a considerable height, and run in for some distance. When a boat enters within the gloomy recesses of the cavern, if there be a " swell on" outside, the sea rising up closes the orifice almost entirely, at the same time raising the boat up towards the roof, and leaving the visitors for awhile in nearly complete darkness. All these caves are frequented by pigeons and sea fowl in great numbers.
Off Traghcarta, near the harbour's mouth, lies Horse Island, which divides the entrance into two channels, the eastern one of which is used by vessels drawing ten feet of water and upwards. This island is the property of Thomas Somerville,Esq., D.L. The

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 10

Sherkin and Timoleague Abbeys lost manuscripts in conflicts

near Sherkin Island · townland · Cork

Valuable manuscripts once treasured within Sherkin and Timoleague Abbeys were destroyed or lost during the conflicts and civil strife of former times. This loss of manuscript material makes research into ancient Carbery difficult.

Read the passage

Unfortunately, to one engaged in writing an ephemeral work, such as the present, several obstacles are thrown in the way, as no doubt many valuable manuscripts treasured up within the ancient domiciles and ecclesiastical edifices, like Sherkin andTimoleague Abbeys, were destroyed or lost during the conflicts and civil strife of former times ; so that it is only through more general and remote sources, information pertaining to the subject matter can be obtained.
In the arrangement and completion of this little volume, I have^een deeply indebted to my learned friends, Dr. P. "W. Joyce, M. P. I. A., whose valuable services have been so kindly bestowed, and gladly accepted of by me in the correction of the proof sheets

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 1

Timoleague Abbey manuscripts destroyed in civil strife

Timoleague · town · Cork

Timoleague Abbey, like Sherkin Abbey, once held valuable manuscripts that were destroyed or lost during periods of conflict and civil strife. The loss of these ecclesiastical records hampers historical research into the Carbery region.

Read the passage

Unfortunately, to one engaged in writing an ephemeral work, such as the present, several obstacles are thrown in the way, as no doubt many valuable manuscripts treasured up within the ancient domiciles and ecclesiastical edifices, like Sherkin andTimoleague Abbeys, were destroyed or lost during the conflicts and civil strife of former times ; so that it is only through more general and remote sources, information pertaining to the subject matter can be obtained.
In the arrangement and completion of this little volume, I have^een deeply indebted to my learned friends, Dr. P. "W. Joyce, M. P. I. A., whose valuable services have been so kindly bestowed, and gladly accepted of by me in the correction of the proof sheets

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 1

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Timoleague in Cork, you are near the ruins of an abbey that once kept valuable manuscripts. Like Sherkin Abbey further along the coast, Timoleague Abbey held ecclesiastical records that were destroyed or lost during the conflicts and civil strife of former times. The author of a nineteenth-century work on Carbery lamented this loss, writing that "many valuable manuscripts treasured up within the ancient domiciles and ecclesiastical edifices" were gone. Because of this, historians must rely on more general and remote sources, and research into the region's past remains hampered.

Glandore Castle underground passages to the sea

near Glandore · population centre · Cork

Like many old castles, Glandore Castle is said to have had underground cells or chambers, with subterranean passages leading down towards the sea-side, used as places of retreat and escape in times of danger.

Read the passage

buildings of a more modern date. The one near the harbour's mouth was called Kilfinnan. The other situated near the village of Glandore, and at present styled Glandore Castle, the property of James Redmond Barry, was formerly called Cloghatrabally, meaning the " stone fortress of the strand town." It was built by the chief of the Barretts of Munster, A. D. 1215. Timoleague and Dundeide Castle were built about the same time by Nicholas Boy De Barry. In A. D. 1260, Glandore Castle was broken down by Finghin Reanna Roin, son of Domhnall Cot McCarthy. It was rebuilt soon again, and then after a long lapse of time came into the possession of Domhnall Na Caston O'Donovan, the chief of Clanloughlin, a district lying between Glandore and Ross. This chieftain died in 1580 (see " Annals of Innisfallen"). Like many other old castles, that of Glandore is said to have had underground cells or chambers, from which subterranean passages led down towards the sea-side. These were used as places of retreat and modes of escape in times of pressing danger.
In former years, not long past either, regattas were annual occurrences in Glandore, and all the arrangements connected with them were perfect and on a most advanced scale. Yachts came round from Queenstown to compete for prizes, and crews of stalwart peasants from the surrounding country displayed their prowess as oarsmen in friendly rivalryi The entire performance wound up with a ball at the Castle. On these occasions the village and the ad^ jacent positions of advantage for sightseers were thronged with a gay and cheerful crowd, in holiday costume, enjoying the amusements of the day, and no more charming tout ensemble could be observed

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 13

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Glandore in Cork, the castle here was once called Cloghatrabally, meaning the "stone fortress of the strand town." It was built in 1215 by the chief of the Barretts of Munster. In 1260 it was broken down by Finghin Reanna Roin, son of Domhnall Cot McCarthy. It was rebuilt soon after, and then after a long lapse of time came into the possession of Domhnall Na Caston O'Donovan, the chief of Clanloughlin, a district lying between Glandore and Ross. This chieftain died in 1580. Like many other old castles, that of Glandore is said to have had underground cells or chambers, from which subterranean passages led down towards the sea-side. These were used as places of retreat and modes of escape in times of pressing danger. In former years, not long past either, regattas were annual occurrences in Glandore, and all the arrangements connected with them were perfect and on a most advanced scale. Yachts came round from Queenstown to compete for prizes, and crews of stalwart peasants from the surrounding country displayed their prowess as oarsmen in friendly rivalry. The entire performance wound up with a ball at the Castle. On these occasions the village and the adjacent positions of advantage for sightseers were thronged with a gay and cheerful crowd, in holiday costume, enjoying the amusements of the day.

Ross harbour once navigable, now choked with sand

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

Camden, who lived in the reign of Elizabeth, states that the harbour of Ross had previously been navigable for ships, but in his own day had become choked up with sand, and has remained in that condition.

Read the passage

The "Book of Dues," as mentioned already, belonging to the church of Boss-Allithri, was presented to St. Fachtnan by Conall, chieftain of Corca Laidhe, at Ardnabportan (Crab-Fish Hill), on Inisbeg, an island in the river Hen, near Skibbereen. We find the following notice in the "Annals of Innisfallen : " " A. D. 600. Died Fachtnan, first Bishop of Boss- Allithir, in Corca Laidbe." According to Hanmer, "Ross was formerly walled round, but by the wars of the Irish septs the walls were broken down, and, at the present day, the foundations of this ancient place cannot even be traced." The same writer says — "A famous university also flourished here, where resorted all the south-west of Ireland for learning sake." St. Brendan, patron saint of Kerry, is also said to have visited Boss, and taught "lessons of wisdom" there. Camden, who lived in the reign of Elizabeth, states that the harbour, previous to his time, was navigable for ships, but in his own day it had become choked up with sand, and in this condition it has remained down to the present date. After St. Fachtnan's death, St. Finchad, a disciple of St. Finbar, of Cork, succeeded. No account of any of his successors down to the year 1170 is given, except of Dougal Mac Folact, the 27th bishop. According to O'Flaherty, and he gives as his authority a distich out of the " Book of Lecan" : —
" Dougalus a Fachtna ter nonus Episcopus extat, Lugadia de gente dedit cui Eossa mitram."

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

As you come through Ross Carbery in County Cork, you are passing a town whose harbour once carried ships and now carries only sand. Camden, writing in the reign of Elizabeth, stated that the harbour had previously been navigable for vessels, but in his own day it had become choked with sand, and so it has remained. The town has older layers beneath that. Hanmer wrote that Ross was formerly walled round, but the wars of the Irish septs broke the walls down, and even the foundations cannot now be traced. He also said that a famous university flourished here, where all the south-west of Ireland resorted for learning's sake. The Annals of Innisfallen record that in 600, Fachtnan, first Bishop of Ross-Allithir in Corca Laidhe, died. The Book of Dues, belonging to the church of Ross-Allithri, was presented to St. Fachtnan by Conall, chieftain of Corca Laidhe, at Ardnabportan, Crab-Fish Hill, on Inisbeg, an island in the river Hen near Skibbereen. St. Brendan, patron saint of Kerry, is said to have visited Ross and taught lessons of wisdom there. After Fachtnan's death, St. Finchad, a disciple of St. Finbar of Cork, succeeded him. No account of any of his successors down to 1170 is given, except of Dougal Mac Folact, the 27th bishop. O'Flaherty gives as his authority a distich from the Book of Lecan.

Dangerous glen at Leap on the Ross to West Carbery road

Leap · town · Cork

Smith describes the deep and dangerous glen at the upper end of Glandore Harbour called 'The Leap,' where the high road from Ross to West Carbery crosses. The road descends as steep as a flight of stairs, so that few horses except those accustomed to it would attempt it with courage.

Read the passage

" At the upper end of Glandore Harbour is a deep and dangerous glen, called ' The Leap,' on both
14*

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 14

As the companion tells it

Coming up is Leap, where the old high road from Ross to West Carbery crosses a deep and dangerous glen at the upper end of Glandore Harbour. The descent was as steep as a flight of stairs. Few horses would attempt it with courage unless they were accustomed to it.

Coastguard station at South Harbour, Cape Clear

South Harbour · estuary · Cork

A coastguard station was formerly established close to South Harbour on Cape Clear Island, but it had not been occupied for many years at the time of writing. Coastguards and revenue officers restricted the islanders from trafficking with vessels and manufacturing their own whiskey.

Read the passage

A coastguard station was formerly established close to South Harbour, but it has not been occupied for many years.
116 Sketches in Garbery,

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono

Kilfaughnabeg parish and St. Fachna

near Kilfaughnabeg · parish · Cork

The parish of Kilfaughnabeg, situated between Ross and Glandore and formerly called Fidh Buis, retains the name of its patron saint Fachna. It is described as the little church of Fachna.

Read the passage

Besides Teampleen-Fachna, tbe parish of Kilfaughnabeg (the little church of Fachna), situated between Ross and Glandore, and formerlj called "Fidh Buis," also retains at the present day the name of the patron saint.
In the year 1131 a hostile force from Connaught under the command of Donogh Mac Carthy made an attack on Boss, and plundered it: they were shortly afterwards defeated.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

The road runs through the parish of Kilfaughnabeg, set between Ross and Glandore. It was once called Fidh Buis, but the name it holds today comes from its patron saint Fachna, meaning

Cromlech at Coomattollin near Rosscarbery, Drinagh

Drinagh · parish · Cork

A cromlech at Coomattollin in the parish of Drinagh, near Rosscarbery, is counted among the cromlechs of West Carbery, which together comprise nearly half of all known cromlechs in County Cork.

Read the passage

For full information regarding the Ogham inscriptions, we must refer our readers to the writings of Samuel Ferguson, and Dr. Graves, Bishop of Limerick ; and also of Messrs. Abell, Windele, Brash, and Rev. M. Horgan, all of the county Cork, who have by their laborious and learned researches developed the subject fully, and given a valuable amount of information regarding the construction and proper reading of those strange hierograms, which reveal in some degree the hidden sources of the history of former times. According to Windele, there exist but seventeen cromlechs in the county of Cork as yet discovered ; this being so, West Carbery can make a strong presentment in priority claims, as within that barony the following can be named, which amount to nearly half the entire number, viz. : — Altoir, near Tourmore ; another on the road to Four-Mile- Water, Castlehaven ; one near Bosscarbery, Coomattollin, in parish of Drinagh; Kilnegross (near Clonakilty), and Baltimore, though the last, the most important. We might also add the cromlech at Lisangle.
The word " cromlech," when translated, means the sloping stone, or stone of Crom, wl>o was the chief divinity of Pagan times; and on this stone, which formed the Druidical altar, the religious rites of the Pagans were celebrated, and the accompanying sacrifices were offered, either of human victims, or of sheep and cattle ; the latter custom was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who, it seems, from all accounts, were averse to huruan sacrifices. They -were also used as

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 5

Cromlech on road to Four-Mile-Water, Castlehaven

Castlehaven · townland · Cork

A cromlech is located on the road to Four-Mile-Water in Castlehaven, one of nearly half of all known Cork cromlechs situated in the barony of West Carbery.

Read the passage

For full information regarding the Ogham inscriptions, we must refer our readers to the writings of Samuel Ferguson, and Dr. Graves, Bishop of Limerick ; and also of Messrs. Abell, Windele, Brash, and Rev. M. Horgan, all of the county Cork, who have by their laborious and learned researches developed the subject fully, and given a valuable amount of information regarding the construction and proper reading of those strange hierograms, which reveal in some degree the hidden sources of the history of former times. According to Windele, there exist but seventeen cromlechs in the county of Cork as yet discovered ; this being so, West Carbery can make a strong presentment in priority claims, as within that barony the following can be named, which amount to nearly half the entire number, viz. : — Altoir, near Tourmore ; another on the road to Four-Mile- Water, Castlehaven ; one near Bosscarbery, Coomattollin, in parish of Drinagh; Kilnegross (near Clonakilty), and Baltimore, though the last, the most important. We might also add the cromlech at Lisangle.
The word " cromlech," when translated, means the sloping stone, or stone of Crom, wl>o was the chief divinity of Pagan times; and on this stone, which formed the Druidical altar, the religious rites of the Pagans were celebrated, and the accompanying sacrifices were offered, either of human victims, or of sheep and cattle ; the latter custom was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who, it seems, from all accounts, were averse to huruan sacrifices. They -were also used as

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 5

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, on the road to Four-Mile-Water, there is a cromlech, one of the ancient standing stones of this part of Cork. According to Windele, only 17 cromlechs have been discovered in the entire county, and West Carbery can claim nearly half of them. This one at Castlehaven stands among that number, alongside others at Altoir near Tourmore, Coomattollin near Rosscarbery in the parish of Drinagh, Kilnegross near Clonakilty, and Baltimore, which Windele calls the most important. The word cromlech, when translated, means the sloping stone, or the stone of Crom, who was the chief divinity of pagan times. The stone formed the Druidical altar, and on it the religious rites of the pagans were celebrated. The accompanying sacrifices were offered, either of human victims or of sheep and cattle. This latter custom of animal sacrifice was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who, from all accounts, were averse to human sacrifices. These altars were also used as monuments.

Galley Head peninsula from Knockdrum

near Galley Head · promontory · Cork

From the eminence of Knockdrum, the wide expanse of ocean to the south is bounded on the east by the projecting peninsula of the Galley Head, also called Dundeide. The coastline view is described as singularly beautiful.

Read the passage

The coast line is singularly beautiful. A wide expanse of ocean is before us to the south, limited by the distant horizon, bounded on the east by the projecting peninsula of the Galley Head (Dundeide). Towards the west the most prominent object is the hill above Toe Head, named Beann Hill, whose sullen lowering brow is generally surmounted by a canopy of light, fleecy clouds, its sombre-looking sides enveloped in graceful folds of white vapoury mist, through which we can faintly descry each dark and rugged feature of the promontory. Away far inland, towards the west, we observe the extensive chains of mountains which stretch as a gigantic barrier between the adjoining confines of Cork and Kerry. At sunset the scene is one which can never be forgotten— the sun sinking to rest in a flood of aureate light — a monarch decked in all the regalia of royalty, encircled by golden-fringed clouds, brilliantlycoloured, outriv ailing in lustre the Tyrian purple or the sparkle of the precious gem —
" And as I watch the line of light that plays Along the smooth wave tow'rd the burning west, I long to tread that golden path of rays, And think 'twould lead to some bright isle of rest."

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 10

Inglis's 1834 description of Skibbereen

Skibbereen · town · Cork · 1834

Traveller Inglis, passing through the country west of Ross in 1834, described Skibbereen as a small ugly town but busy and thriving, enjoying an excellent retail trade from the surrounding district.

Read the passage

scenery on a small scale, and soon after reached Skibbereen, a small ugly town, but a busy and thriving one, enjoying an excellent retail trade, owing to the demand of an extensive surrounding1 district." 6
The land which lay between Grlandore and Koss originally belonged to a chieftain called Lochlainn, who was ancestor of the second most important sept of the O'Donovans. This territory consisted of thirty-six ploughlands, at present comprised in the parish of Kilfaughnabeg, and accordingly could not have been very extensive. It was this sept which obtained possession of Cloghatrabally, or Grlandore Castle, as previously mentioned. In the time of James I. Donell Oge Na Caston O'Donovan, the chieftain of that period, surrendered his possessions to the king and obtained a re-grant of the same. From this grant it_ appears that the head of the Clanloughlin had at this time a territory, nearly as extensive as that of the head of the O'Donovans, of whom the former was independent, many of their lands being situated in Kilmacabea, Myross, &c. Jeremy Donovan, chieftain of Clanloughlin, was M. P. for Baltimore in 1689.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 14

As the companion tells it

Coming through Skibbereen in Cork, you pass a place the traveller Inglis described in 1834. He called it a small ugly town, but a busy and thriving one, enjoying an excellent retail trade owing to the demand of an extensive surrounding district. The land between Glandore and Ross had originally belonged to a chieftain called Lochlainn, ancestor of the second most important sept of the O'Donovans. This territory consisted of 36 ploughlands, now in the parish of Kilfaughnabeg. It was this sept that obtained possession of Cloghatrabally, or Glandore Castle. In the time of James I, Donell Oge Na Caston O'Donovan, chieftain of that period, surrendered his possessions to the king and obtained a re-grant. From this grant it appears the head of the Clanloughlin had a territory nearly as extensive as that of the head of the O'Donovans, and was independent, with many of their lands in Kilmacabea and Myross. Jeremy Donovan, chieftain of Clanloughlin, was MP for Baltimore in 1689.

Roman Catholic church built in Rosscarbery by Rev. Molony

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

The present Roman Catholic church in Rosscarbery, a handsome and commodious building, was erected by Rev. Jeremiah Molony, P.P., who also built schools for children's education. He was uncle to the later Rev. J. Molony, V.G. of Ross.

Read the passage

The present Roman Catholic church, a handsome, commodious building, was erected by the Eev. Jeremiah Molony, P. P., who also was instrumental in building schools for the education of children. He was uncle to the present respected P.P. of Rosscarbery, the Eev. J. Molony, Y. Gr. of Eoss. .
"Within the ancient graveyard of Ross what interesting, though sad, associations of the past are recalled to our minds ! What memories are awakened, when we reflect that we stand on holy ground, where many centuries ago an ancient monastery flourished, whose occupants were men of distinguished piety and learning ; and that here rest the honoured remains of many of our countrymen, whose noble aspirations and good acts are deserving of more than a passing tribute of affectionate remembrance and praise.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

As you come through Ross Carbery in Cork, the Roman Catholic church here was erected by Father Jeremiah Molony, the parish priest, who also built schools for the children's education. He was uncle to a later parish priest of Ross, the Reverend J. Molony. The ancient graveyard in the town holds older ground still. Centuries ago a monastery stood there, and its occupants were remembered as men of distinguished piety and learning. The same ground holds the remains of many countrymen whose noble aspirations, as the old book puts it, are deserving of more than a passing tribute of affectionate remembrance and praise.

Rosscarbery lands granted to Fitz Stephen

Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1172–1200

At the time of the English invasion, all lands connected with Ross, exclusive of the bishop's portion (Benedict was bishop in 1172), were granted to Fitz Stephen.

Read the passage

At the time of the English invasion all the lands connected with Ross, exclusive of what belonged to the bishop (Benedict was bishop in 1172), were granted to Fitz Stephen.
At one time the ancient abbey belonged to the monks of the Benedictine Order, and was subject to the celebrated Benedictine Abbey of St. James, without the walls of the city of Wurtzburgh, in the province of Mentz, Germany.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

As you come through Ross Carbery, you pass lands that at the time of the English invasion were granted to Fitz Stephen. All lands connected with Ross went to him, except the bishop's portion. Benedict was bishop here in 1172. The ancient abbey belonged to Benedictine monks and answered to the Abbey of St. James, outside the walls of Würzburg, in the province of Mainz, Germany.

Ruined tower at Castletownsend linked to Dean Swift

Castletownsend · townland · Cork

A tower near Castletownsend within the demesne is pointed out as the place where Dean Swift composed his 'Eupes Carberise.' It is now a complete ruin, merely a shell of a turret overgrown with ivy, commanding a beautiful prospect of the harbour and sea.

Read the passage

Mrs. and Mr. S. C. Hall, in their charming work entitled "Ireland: its Scenery, Character, &c." inform us " A tower near Castletownsend is pointed out as
154 Sketches in Carbery.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 11

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, a ruined tower stands within the demesne, pointed out as the place where Dean Swift composed his "Eupes Carberise." It is now just a shell of a turret overgrown with ivy, though it still commands a beautiful prospect of the harbour and sea.

Baltimore receives Charter of Incorporation from James I, 1613

Baltimore · town · Cork · 1613

On March 25th, 1613, Baltimore received a Charter of Incorporation as a borough from James I, with government vested in a sovereign, twelve burgesses, and a commonalty, and was represented in Parliament.

Read the passage

• Baltimore soon again regained its former prosperity, and the next important news we learn is that it received a Charter of Incorporation as a borough from James I., March 25th, 1613, the government being vested in a sovereign, twelve burgesses, and a commonalty and was represented in Parliament by
22 Sketches in Carbery.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 3

As the companion tells it

As you come through Baltimore in west Cork, you are in a town that became a parliamentary borough on March 25, 1613, when James I granted it a charter of incorporation. Its government was vested in a sovereign, twelve burgesses, and a commonalty.

Cromlech at Kilnegross near Clonakilty

Clonakilty · town · Cork

A cromlech at Kilnegross near Clonakilty is listed among the cromlechs of West Carbery barony, which together account for nearly half the seventeen cromlechs known in County Cork.

Read the passage

For full information regarding the Ogham inscriptions, we must refer our readers to the writings of Samuel Ferguson, and Dr. Graves, Bishop of Limerick ; and also of Messrs. Abell, Windele, Brash, and Rev. M. Horgan, all of the county Cork, who have by their laborious and learned researches developed the subject fully, and given a valuable amount of information regarding the construction and proper reading of those strange hierograms, which reveal in some degree the hidden sources of the history of former times. According to Windele, there exist but seventeen cromlechs in the county of Cork as yet discovered ; this being so, West Carbery can make a strong presentment in priority claims, as within that barony the following can be named, which amount to nearly half the entire number, viz. : — Altoir, near Tourmore ; another on the road to Four-Mile- Water, Castlehaven ; one near Bosscarbery, Coomattollin, in parish of Drinagh; Kilnegross (near Clonakilty), and Baltimore, though the last, the most important. We might also add the cromlech at Lisangle.
The word " cromlech," when translated, means the sloping stone, or stone of Crom, wl>o was the chief divinity of Pagan times; and on this stone, which formed the Druidical altar, the religious rites of the Pagans were celebrated, and the accompanying sacrifices were offered, either of human victims, or of sheep and cattle ; the latter custom was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who, it seems, from all accounts, were averse to huruan sacrifices. They -were also used as

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 5

As the companion tells it

Coming up near Clonakilty is a cromlech at Kilnegross. According to Windele, only 17 cromlechs have been discovered in all of County Cork. Windele was one of several men of the county who laboured to develop the study of ancient remains and Ogham inscriptions, alongside Samuel Ferguson, Dr. Graves, Bishop of Limerick, and Messrs. Abell, Brash, and Rev. M. Horgan, whose researches gave valuable information regarding the construction and reading of those strange hierograms that reveal the hidden sources of the history of former times. West Carbery can claim nearly half of the county's cromlechs. The barony's named ones are at Altoir near Tourmore, another on the road to Four-Mile-Water at Castlehaven, one near Rosscarbery at Coomattollin in the parish of Drinagh, this one, and Baltimore, which Windele calls the most important. There is also the cromlech at Lisangle. The word cromlech, when translated, means the sloping stone, or stone of Crom, who was the chief divinity of Pagan times. On this stone, which formed the Druidical altar, the religious rites of the Pagans were celebrated, and sacrifices were offered, either of human victims or of sheep and cattle. The latter custom was peculiar to the Irish Druids, who from all accounts were averse to human sacrifices.

O'Connell's famine proposal at Dublin Corporation

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1845

On October 28, 1845, Daniel O'Connell proposed at a Dublin Corporation meeting to stop distillation and brewing, prohibit food exports, open ports, and raise one million pounds for the starving poor. The proposal was ignored and famine ensued.

Read the passage

The Liberator's proposal, brought forward on the
76 Sketches in Carbery.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 6

Rosscarbery Cathedral and St. Eachnan stone

Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1612

The old cathedral at Rosscarbery dates its foundations from 1612. Within the tower arch is a square stone with a rudely carved head of St. Eachnan in relief, said to be coeval with the ancient original building. A graceful spire of cut limestone surmounts the tower.

Read the passage

the foundations of the old cathedral ; it dates from 1612. Within the walls, and fixed in the arch beneath the tower, is a square stone, with a rudely carved head of St. Eachnan standing out in relief said to he coeval with the ancient and original building. The well proportioned and graceful-looking spire of cut limestone, which surmounts the tower-, contrasts agreeably with the surrounding green foliage, and has a picturesque and pleasing effect, when viewed from the distance.
There are some tablets erected in the nave of the

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Ross Carbery in Cork, you are near an old cathedral whose foundations date from 1612. Fixed in the arch beneath the tower is a square stone with a rudely carved head of St. Eachnan standing out in relief, said to be coeval with the ancient and original building. A graceful spire of cut limestone surmounts the tower, contrasting agreeably with the surrounding green foliage.

Baltimore as a fishing resort in the 16th century

Baltimore · town · Cork · 1500–1537

By the early 16th century Baltimore was a town of considerable importance and a great resort for fishermen from the coasts of France and Spain, highlighting its maritime significance.

Read the passage

As far back as the beginning of the 16th century, Baltimore was a town of considerable importance, and a great resort for fishermen from the coasts of France and Spain. In 1537 the merchants of "Waterford fitted
Sketches in Carhery. 21

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 3

As the companion tells it

As you come through Baltimore, this was a town of considerable importance by the early 1500s. Fishermen from the coasts of France and Spain came here in great numbers. In 1537 the merchants of Waterford fitted out ships connected with this place, a sign of how busy the port had become.

Diocese of Ross founded by St. Fachnan

Ross Carbery · town · Cork

The diocese of Ross, founded by St. Fachnan in the sixth century, was originally coextensive with the territory of Corca Laidhe. By Lynch's time it measured eighteen miles in length and four to five in breadth, containing twenty-four parishes plus three detached parishes near Bearhaven.

Read the passage

The diocese of Eoss, founded by St. Fachnan in the sixth century, was originally coextensive with the
220 Sketches in Carbery .

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 15

As the companion tells it

Coming through Ross Carbery, you're passing the heart of the old diocese of Ross. St. Fachnan founded it in the 6th century, and it was originally coextensive with the territory of Corca Laidhe. By Lynch's time it stretched 18 miles long and 4 to 5 wide, with 24 parishes and 3 detached ones near Bearhaven.

O'Driscoll's ruined castle at Castlehaven

Castlehaven · townland · Cork

A poem describing Castlehaven mentions a ruined castle belonging to the O'Driscolls standing near a white pebbly strand, alongside an ancient graveyard. The castle is recalled as a former lordly hold where chieftains once feasted and listened to the harp.

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" Close to a white and pebbly strand, a ruined castle old,
In mournful majesty doth stand — O'Driscoll's lordly hold." *******

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 10

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here stands O'Driscoll's ruined castle, near a white pebbly strand. A poem calls it a lordly hold, standing in 'mournful majesty.' The O'Driscolls were lords here once, though now only the ruined walls and the verses remain.

View from Keamore over Glandore and Castletownsend Harbours

Keamore · townland · Cork

From the high land north of Leap, called Keamore, a good view can be obtained of Glandore and Castletownsend Harbours and the adjacent coast.

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From the high land to the north of Leap, called Keamore, may be obtained a good view of Grlandore
Sketches in Carbery.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 14

Abbeystrowry near Skibbereen as sub-branch of Carrigillihy

Abbeystrowry · townland · Cork · 1170

Abbeystrowry, near Skibbereen, was a sub-branch of the Cistercian Abbey de Sancto Mauro at Carrigillihy, linking it to the older monastic foundation in Carbery.

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appeared. Abbeystrowry, near Skibbereen, was a sub-branch of this institution. Sberkin Abbey, built after the model of Kilcrea, belonged to the Franciscan order; it was erected in 1460 by the O'Driscolls, and is still in tolerably good preservation. The architecture, both as regards strength and beauty of design, still gives evidence of a high perfection in that art, at the period in which these buildings flourished. Their occupants were men of refined culture, and studious, peaceful, and gentle habits, who rescued from destruction the lamp of learning, and exercised a civilizing and benign influence over the rude manners and fierce passions of the dark and feudal ages.
Everywhere we perceive relics of the olden times — the raths, tumuli, cromlechs, and pillar-stones, the works of a pagan age. Whilst guarding the mountain passes, like grim sentinels on the watch, or in the centre of secluded valleys, or, perhaps, perched upon the pinnacle of some rocky peninsula which projects into the sea, and whose beetling cliffs frown upon the raging surf beneath, we observe the imposing castles, feudal fortresses of former days. There they stand erect, as monuments of the past — landmarks of history, "foot-prints in the sands of time" —

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 2

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, close to Abbeystrowry, once stood a religious house that mattered more than its ruins might suggest. Abbeystrowry, near Skibbereen, was a sub-branch of the Cistercian Abbey de Sancto Mauro at Carrigillihy. That mother house at Carrigillihy had been founded around 1170, linking this quiet spot to the wider monastic world that had taken root in Carbery. The monks who lived in such houses were, as the old record puts it, men of refined culture, and studious, peaceful, and gentle habits. They guarded learning through what the source calls the dark and feudal ages, and their presence shaped the country around them. Nearby, Sberkin Abbey, built after the model of Kilcrea, belonged to the Franciscan order. The O'Driscolls erected it in 1460, and it was still, when this was written, in tolerably good preservation. Its architecture, both for strength and beauty of design, gave evidence of a high perfection in that art. The whole landscape holds traces of older centuries — raths, tumuli, cromlechs, and pillar-stones from a pagan age, and castles standing guard over mountain passes, secluded valleys, and rocky peninsulas, monuments of the past.

Benduff slate quarry worked on extensive scale

Benduff · townland · Cork

The slate quarry at Benduff was worked on a most extensive scale, producing slates considered by many equal to those of Bangor. The works were conducted by steam under the management of James Swanton, and large quantities were exported to various parts of the United Kingdom.

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cesses of mountains. Mr. Guy, of Cork, in his recently printed "Directory for the City and County of Cork," which contains a great deal of useful information, enumerates the numerous metallic lodes and veins in the county, the majority of which are in Carbery, viz. : « (1) Copper in Bantry, Eossbrin, Ballydehob, Dunmanway, Skull, Crookhaven (with silver bearing lead). The Cappagh Mine, Ballydehob, was first opened early in the present century by Colonel Hall, a Devonshire gentleman. Castletownsend, with lead and antimony; Boss, with manganese ; Clonakilty, with lead ; (2) Sulphate of Barytes, Skull, Boscarbery, Bantry, Clonakilty; (3) Lead, Leap, with iron; (4) Iron was extensively worked in former times at Aghadown and Boaring Water. The working of the mines was suspended in a great measure owing to the failure of the supply of wood, requisite for the smelting of the ore. (5) Manganese, Boss, Leap ; (6) Slates, Carrigbuy, Sherkm, Drimoleague, Curragalickey, (Bandore, Boss, Gaily Head, Clonakilty, Timoleague." The quarry at Benduff is worked on a most extensive scale, the slates being, in the opinion of many, equal to those of Bangor. _ The works are conducted by steam, on the most scientific principles, under the management of James Swanton, Esq., A.M., and large quantities are exported to various parts of the United Kingdom. Here is evidence of great mineral resources, which only require additional labour and investment of capital in order to extract out of the bowels of the earth the hidden treasures concealed beneath the surface.
The climate of Carbery, though humid, is remarkably mild and equable, no great alternations of heat and cold. The temperature in the winter is even 2 deg. higher than that of many places on the conti-

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 2

Bishop Downes visits Skibbereen in 1699

Skibbereen · town · Cork · 1699

Dr. Dive Downes, Protestant bishop of Cork, toured his diocese on horseback and visited Skibbereen in 1699, leaving a record of observations. He stayed at Lady Catherine Barclay's house at Bridgetown.

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of the town, between a detachment of James the Second's forces and Colonel Beecher, who received a commission under William the Third. Three years afterwards a party of rapparees entered the town, attacked the custom-house, which they plundered, and killed the two revenue officers. Dr. Dive Downes, who was Protestant bishop of Cork during the end of the 17th and beginning of the 18th century, made a tour of his diocese on horseback ; the roads were narrow, and impassable for carriages in those days. He visited Skibbereen in 1699, and left a record of what he observed there. He stopped at Lady Catherine Barclay's house, Bridgetown. The illustrious Thackeray, in his rambles through Ireland, paid a visit to Skibbereen. In his work entitled " The Irish Sketch Book," he has given some humorous and interesting sketches of the town, and his visit to the "Beecher Arms" Hotel. Lewis, who compiled his " Topographical Dictionary" in 1837, mentions how Skibbereen had formerly " a very considerable trade in the manufacture of woollen cloth, linen checks, and handkerchiefs, which has altogether declined." The same applies to most of the towns in Carbery. The appearance of King Cotton on the stage was most destructive to the welfare of the linen weavers, whom he put to flight. Of late years there has been a flax revival, the growth of which ought to be more encouraged.
The population of Skibbereen has decreased considerably within the last thirty years ; it was previously nearly 5,000, and it is now only 3,700, a decrease to be attributed to famine and emigration. The appearance of the town has improved much of late years, and it is steadily advancing in the path of progress — extensive gas-works, water- works, and telegraphic

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 2

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Skibbereen, you are passing through a town with a violent history. A battle was fought here between a detachment of James the Second's forces and Colonel Beecher, who held a commission under William the Third. Three years afterwards, a party of rapparees entered the town, attacked the custom-house, plundered it, and killed the two revenue officers. In 1699, Dr. Dive Downes, the Protestant bishop of Cork, made a tour of his diocese on horseback. The roads were narrow and impassable for carriages in those days. He visited Skibbereen and left a record of what he observed there. He stopped at Lady Catherine Barclay's house at Bridgetown. Later visitors left their own accounts. Thackeray, in his rambles through Ireland, paid a visit to the town and gave humorous and interesting sketches of it in his Irish Sketch Book, including his visit to the Beecher Arms Hotel. Lewis, compiling his Topographical Dictionary in 1837, noted that Skibbereen formerly had "a very considerable trade in the manufacture of woollen cloth, linen checks, and handkerchiefs, which has altogether declined." The appearance of King Cotton was destructive to the welfare of the linen weavers, whom he put to flight. The population has decreased considerably. It was previously nearly 5,000, and it is now only 3,700, a decrease attributed to famine and emigration. The town has improved of late with gas-works, waterworks, and telegraphic

Cappagh Mine at Ballydehob opened by Colonel Hall

Ballydehob · townland · Cork · 1800–1825

The Cappagh copper mine at Ballydehob was first opened early in the nineteenth century by Colonel Hall, a Devonshire gentleman. It was part of a network of metallic lodes and veins across Carbery, including copper at Bantry, Rossbrin, Dunmanway, Schull, and silver-bearing lead at Crookhaven.

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cesses of mountains. Mr. Guy, of Cork, in his recently printed "Directory for the City and County of Cork," which contains a great deal of useful information, enumerates the numerous metallic lodes and veins in the county, the majority of which are in Carbery, viz. : « (1) Copper in Bantry, Eossbrin, Ballydehob, Dunmanway, Skull, Crookhaven (with silver bearing lead). The Cappagh Mine, Ballydehob, was first opened early in the present century by Colonel Hall, a Devonshire gentleman. Castletownsend, with lead and antimony; Boss, with manganese ; Clonakilty, with lead ; (2) Sulphate of Barytes, Skull, Boscarbery, Bantry, Clonakilty; (3) Lead, Leap, with iron; (4) Iron was extensively worked in former times at Aghadown and Boaring Water. The working of the mines was suspended in a great measure owing to the failure of the supply of wood, requisite for the smelting of the ore. (5) Manganese, Boss, Leap ; (6) Slates, Carrigbuy, Sherkm, Drimoleague, Curragalickey, (Bandore, Boss, Gaily Head, Clonakilty, Timoleague." The quarry at Benduff is worked on a most extensive scale, the slates being, in the opinion of many, equal to those of Bangor. _ The works are conducted by steam, on the most scientific principles, under the management of James Swanton, Esq., A.M., and large quantities are exported to various parts of the United Kingdom. Here is evidence of great mineral resources, which only require additional labour and investment of capital in order to extract out of the bowels of the earth the hidden treasures concealed beneath the surface.
The climate of Carbery, though humid, is remarkably mild and equable, no great alternations of heat and cold. The temperature in the winter is even 2 deg. higher than that of many places on the conti-

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 2

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is where Colonel Hall, a Devonshire gentleman, first opened the Cappagh copper mine early in the 1800s. The mine at Ballydehob was part of a wider network of metallic lodes and veins across Carbery, recorded by Mr. Guy of Cork in his Directory for the City and County of Cork. He enumerates copper at Bantry, Rossbrin, Ballydehob, Dunmanway, Schull, and silver-bearing lead at Crookhaven. Castletownsend had lead and antimony. Ross had manganese. Clonakilty had lead. Sulphate of barytes turned up at Schull, Rosscarbery, Bantry, and Clonakilty. Lead at Leap came with iron. Iron was extensively worked in former times at Aghadown and Roaring Water. The working of the mines was suspended in a great measure owing to the failure of the supply of wood, requisite for the smelting of the ore. Manganese was found at Ross and Leap. Slates came from Carrigbuy, Sherkin, Drimoleague, Curraglickey, Bandon, Ross, Galley Head, Clonakilty, and Timoleague. The quarry at Benduff was worked on a most extensive scale, its slates considered by many equal to those of Bangor. Those works were conducted by steam, under the management of James Swanton, and large quantities were exported to various parts of the United Kingdom. Here is evidence of great mineral resources, which only require additional labour and investment of capital to extract the hidden treasures beneath the surface.

Clonakilty charter and early engagements

Clonakilty · town · Cork · 1613–1798

Clonakilty received a charter of incorporation from Sir Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, in 1613 under James I. Military engagements occurred there in 1641, 1691, and 1798 between various factions.

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"Want of space prevents me at present from taking more than a mere cursory glance at the other towns of the West Biding, a full description of which is given by Lewis and Bennett, and also in the Parliamentary Gazeteer, by Fullarton, a very rare work. Smith also, in his " History of Cork," gives a detailed interesting account of their history, and other important features. In East Carbery the chief town is Clonakilty, the derivation of the word is considered to be the stone of the woods (Clough-na-kilte), from the fact of the country around being formerly extensively wooded, and some remarkable pillar stones existing near the town. The country in the neighbourhood of Clonakilty is fertile and productive. In 1613 — in the time of James I. — Sir Richard Boyle, first Earl of Cork, obtained a charter of incorporation for the town about the same time that Baltimore was granted a sovereign, free burgesses and commonalty. In 1641, 1691, and 1798, engagements and skirmishes took place at Clonakilty, between Royalists
16 Sketches in Carbery.

Internet Archive sketchesincarber00dono, Chapter 2

As the companion tells it

You are coming into Clonakilty, the chief town of East Carbery. Its name is thought to come from the Irish for the stone of the woods, Clough-na-kilte, because the country around was once heavily wooded and remarkable pillar stones still stand near the town. The land here is fertile and productive. In 1613, in the time of James I, Sir Richard Boyle, first Earl of Cork, obtained a charter of incorporation for the town, around the same time that Baltimore was granted a sovereign, free burgesses and commonalty. Clonakilty saw fighting more than once. In 1641, again in 1691, and once more in 1798, engagements and skirmishes took place here, between Royalists and others whose names the old record does not finish giving us.

Sketches in Carbery, county Cork, : its antiquities, history, legends, and topography

The stories, best first

St Brendan visited Ross and taught there

St. Fachnan founded the See of Ross

St. John's Eve pilgrimage at Rosscarbery (Ross Alithir)

Bawnlahan: O'Donovan seat and surviving walls

Carraic Cliodhna rock near Castle Freke described

Castletownsend village and castle ruins

Low Island (Arahas) chapel and burials

Spanish oven remains at Reen Point

Collins manuscript held at Union Hall, Myross

Glandore Harbour scenery and name origin

Rahine Castle ruins built by O'Donovans

Sherkin Island and Baltimore Bay

Blind Harbour (Cuan-caech) at Squince

Brede House, former seat of the Jervois family

Castle Freke, the Barrys' castle near Ross

Charter of incorporation granted to Rosscarbery under King John

Druidical altar and circle near Baltimore

Florence O'Driscoll of Ballyisland and the Mount Musick branch

Knockowen, source of three rivers near Drimoleague

O'Driscoll's Dunanore Castle ruins described

South Harbour fishing hamlet on Cape Clear

Valley of Barnagowlans along the Mealagh

West Pouladav on Traghlong land

Benedictine Abbey of Rosscarbery linked to Wurtzburgh

Lough Hyne scenery and sea connection

Mealagh river from Mount Owen to Bantry Bay

St Kieran born in Cape Clear

Kilfinnan Castle at Glandore harbour mouth

Subterranean caves explored on Sherkin Island

Ancient monastery and graveyard at Ross

Baltimore cromlech, most important in West Carbery

Cromlechs of West Carbery listed

Sea caves of Sandycove or Torbay

Sherkin and Timoleague Abbeys lost manuscripts in conflicts

Timoleague Abbey manuscripts destroyed in civil strife

Glandore Castle underground passages to the sea

Ross harbour once navigable, now choked with sand

Dangerous glen at Leap on the Ross to West Carbery road

Coastguard station at South Harbour, Cape Clear

Kilfaughnabeg parish and St. Fachna

Cromlech at Coomattollin near Rosscarbery, Drinagh

Cromlech on road to Four-Mile-Water, Castlehaven

Galley Head peninsula from Knockdrum

Inglis's 1834 description of Skibbereen

Roman Catholic church built in Rosscarbery by Rev. Molony

Rosscarbery lands granted to Fitz Stephen

Ruined tower at Castletownsend linked to Dean Swift

Baltimore receives Charter of Incorporation from James I, 1613

Cromlech at Kilnegross near Clonakilty

O'Connell's famine proposal at Dublin Corporation

Rosscarbery Cathedral and St. Eachnan stone

Baltimore as a fishing resort in the 16th century

Diocese of Ross founded by St. Fachnan

O'Driscoll's ruined castle at Castlehaven

View from Keamore over Glandore and Castletownsend Harbours

Abbeystrowry near Skibbereen as sub-branch of Carrigillihy

Benduff slate quarry worked on extensive scale

Bishop Downes visits Skibbereen in 1699

Cappagh Mine at Ballydehob opened by Colonel Hall

Clonakilty charter and early engagements