A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Cistercian abbey founded at Tracton by McCarthys, 1224

   near Tracton · parish · Cork · 1224

   A Cistercian abbey was founded at Tracton in 1224 by the McCarthy family, with monks brought from Whitland in Carmarthenshire, South Wales. The place name Tracton is thought to derive from 'Albo Tract' or 'De Alba Lunda.'

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   TRACTON, a parish, in the tinioD of Kinsale, barony of Kinnalea, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 4 miles (S.) from Carrigaline, on the road to Roberts-Cove, and on that from Ringabella to Kinsale ; containing 2959 inhabitants, of whom 115 are in the village. An abbey of Cistercian monks was founded here by the family of ]\rCarthy, in 1224, the monks being brought from If'hitdand, in Carmarthenshire, South Wales, called also " De Alba Luuda," and " Alho TraclK," whence the name of this parish is thought to be derived. In 1375, Edward III. confirmed the several possessions which had been granted to the abbey. According to Dr. Smith, great numbers of pilgrims annually visited this place on Holy Thursday, to pay Vol. II.— 593

   their devotions to a piece of the real cross that the monks were reputed to possess, which relic was presented by Barry Oge, and preserved here with religious veneration until the suppression of the monasteries. The abbot regularly sat as a lord of parliament. In 1568 the abbey and its po.ssessions were granted by Queen Elizabeth to Henry Guildford and Sir James Craig, on payment of a fine of £7. 15. ; the latter afterwards assigned his interest to Richard, first earl of Cork, who obtained a grant of the place in the 7th of James I. ; it now forms part of the estate of the Earl <5f Shannon.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 347

2. Cistercian abbey of Macosquin founded by OCahan (1171)

   Macosquin · townland · Derry · 1171–1609

   The Cistercian abbey of St. Mary de Fontana or Macosquin was founded in 1171 by the family of OCahan. It became celebrated as a resort of pilgrims, flourished until the Dissolution, and was granted in 1609 by James I to the Irish Society.

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   MACOSQUIN, or CAMUS-juxta-BANN, a parish, in the union and barony of Coleraine, county of Londonderry, and province of Ulster, '2 miles (S. S. W.) from Coleraine, on the road to Dublin ; containing 6545 inhabitants. The place derived its latter name, which is the more ancient, from the foundation of a monastery at Cambos or Camus, on the river Bann, by St. Comgal, in 580 ; and the former, by which it is more generally known, from the Cistercian abbey of St. Mary de Fontana or Macosquin, founded in 117- by the family of OCahan. This latter estubhshment became very celebrated as the resort of numerous pilgrims ; continued to flourish till the Dissolution ; and was granted in 1609 by James I. to the Irish Society, by whom the church of Macosquin was made parochial.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 121

3. Citizens of Derry rise against Governor Lundy during siege

   near Derry · city · Derry · 1689

   During the 1689 siege, Governor Lundy's vacillating leadership and preparations to surrender provoked the inhabitants of Derry to rise against the authorities. They received a reinforcing captain at the gates and fired upon James II's approaching party, then chose new governors including George Walker, rector of Donoughmore.

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   one-half at least should be Protestants ; that, until pardon was received, the citizens should guard the fortifications ; and that all who desired it might be permitted to quit the city. By the advice of Mountjoy, who was obeyed as a friend and associate, the arms were repaired, money cheerfully subscribed, ammunition purchased in Scotland, and the agent despatched to England urged to procure supplies. He was succeeded in the command by his first lieutenant, Lundy, whom King William, on sending an officer with some military supplies, commissioned to act in his name ; but the dissatisfaction of the citizens was excited by the vacdlating character of this commander, who, on the approach of James to besiege the city in person, prepared to surrender it, notwithstanding the arrival of two English colonels in the river with reinforcements, which he remanded. The principal officers being about to withdraw, and the town-council preparing to offer terms of capitulation, the inhabitants rose tumultuously against the constituted authorities ; received with enthusiasm a brave and popular captain who presented himself at the city gates with a reinforcement ; and, rushing to the walls, fired upon James and his party advancing to take possession of the place. On deliberation, they suffered the timid to depart unmolested ; Lundy first concealed himself, and afterwards escaped ; and two new governors were chosen, one of whom was the celebrated George AValker, rector of Donoughmore. Under their directions, the soldiers and able inhabitants were formed into eight regiments, numbering 70'20 men, with 341 officers ; order and discipline were in some degree established, and, notwithstanding partial jealousies, 18 Protestant clergymen and seven non-conformists shared in the labour and danger of the siege, and by their e.xhortations stimulated the enthusiastic courage of the defenders with the fervour of devotion. The operations of an army of 20,000 men were thus successfully opposed in a place abandoned as untenable by the regular forces, unaided by engineers or well-mounted guns, and with only a ten days' supply of provisions. An irregular war of sallies was adopted with such effect that James, who had hitherto remained at St. Johnstown, six miles distant, returned to Dublin, leaving his army to continue the siege.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 100

4. Civil war garrisoning and burning of Kilcullen castle

   Kilcullen · town · Kildare · 1641–1647

   During the civil war the castle was garrisoned for the parliamentarians in 1641 and taken by the Marquess of Ormonde in 1643. Commissioners for a cessation of hostilities assembled here before adjourning to Jigginstown. In 1647 the castle was taken and burnt by the parliamentarians.

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   KILCULLEX, a parish, in the union of Naas, barony of Kilcullen, county of Kildahe, and province of Leinster, 8 miles (S. S. W.) from Naas, and on the coach-road from Dublin to Athy and Carlow ; containing 30'20 inhabitants. This place, which since the erection of the new town of Kiluullen-Bridge, has been called Old KilcuUen, derived its name from the foundation of a church and monastery in the district of Coulan, of which St. Patrick appointed St. Isernine bishop ; Isernine died in 469, and was succeeded by St. Mactalius. The monastery, and the town which grew up around it, were plundered repeatedly by the Danes, between the years 883 and 1037; but when the English obtained a settlement in the country, the town was fortified, and greatly increased in importance. Soon after the invasion, a castle was erected here by the Fitzmartins, which eventually became the property of the Fitz-Eustace family, of whom Thomas Fitz-Eustace, afterwards Viscount Baltinglass, was created Baron of Kilculleu by Henry VIII. Previously to the year 1319, the town was surrounded with strong walls and defended by seven gates ; but Maurice Jaques having in that year built a bridge over the river Liffey, about two miles from this place, the town of KilcuUen-Bridge began rapidly to increase, and the ancient town to decline. During the civil war the castle was garrisoned for the parliamentarians, in 1641, but was taken two years afterwards by the Marquess of Ormonde. In the same year, the commissioners appointed to treat for a cessation of hostilities assembled here, but afterwards adjourned to Jigginstown, near Naas ; and in 1647 the castle was taken and burnt by the parliamentarians. In the disturbances of 1798, a large number of the insurgents posted themselves in the churchyard, on the summit of a very steep hill, and Captains Erskine and Cookes, who advanced to dislodge them, were killed in the attempt, and their party repulsed. The insurgents afterwards assembled in great numbers on the heights above the town, from which, however, they were driven with great loss by General Dundas, who was stationed here ; and several thousands of them subsequently surrendered to him on the hill of Knockawlin, about a mile distant, where they had occupied an intrenched camp. The town, which stood on a bleak eminence in a very commanding position, is now only an insignificant village ; its market, which belongs by patent to the Rev. Thomas O'Moore, has been removed to Kilcullen-Bridge, and fairs only are now held here on June 22nd and Oct. 2nd.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 18

5. Clanricarde fortress at Oranmore surrendered 1643

   Oranmore · town · Galway · 1641–1643

   An ancient fortress of the Earl of Clanricarde stood at Oranmore. On the outbreak of war in 1641, it was placed under Captain Willoughby, who surrendered it to the Catholic forces in 1643 along with the fort of St. Augustine at Galway.

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   ORANMORE, a post-town and parish, partly in the barony of Galway, but chiefly in the barony of DuNKELLiN, union and county of Galway, and province of CoNNAUGHT, on the road from Dublin to Galway, and on the bay of Galway, 4i miles (E.) from Galway, and 100 miles (W. by S.) from Dublin; containing 7952 inhabitants, of whom 842 are in the town. Here was an ancient fortress of the Earl of Clanricarde, who placed it, on the breaking out of the war in 1641, under the command of Captain Willoughby, who also held the fort of St. Augustine, at Galway ; and both the.se he surrendered to the Catholic forces in 1643. The parish comprises 19,339 statute acres : the land is generally of very good quality ; there are about 100 acres of bog, and much waste land flooded in winter, but easily reclaimablc. On the demesne of Renville is a lead-mine of promising appearance, which has never been worked ; and there are quarries of excellent limestone. The town comprises 137 houses, and is well built : it is situated on an inlet of the bay ; and two miles distant is New Harbour, where there is a quay, with good anchorage. A manor court is held every three weeks, petty-sessions every Thursday ; and the town is a constabulary police station ; fairs take 412

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 224

6. Clare Island and its lighthouse at mouth of Clew Bay

   Clare Island · electoral division · Mayo

   Clare Island occupies about a third of the mouth of Clew Bay and has a lighthouse erected on it. The bay has two entrances, one on the north and another on the south of the island.

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   British ports cleared outwards, in the same year. The herring-fishery is still carried on here, though not so extensively as in l/SO, when the port was established for its use ; the number of boats employed, and the quantity of fish taken, vary considerably. In the neighbourhood are three very productive salmon-fisheries, and the market is plentifully supplied with all kinds of fresh-water fish throughout the year. The port is advantageously situated for trade at the head of Clew bay, which is S miles in breadth and from 10 to 12 in length, and has two entrances, one on the north and another on the south of Clare Island, which occupies about a third part of the mouth of the bay, and on which a lighthouse has been erected. The ordinary channel leading into the harbour of W^estport is that of Beulascrona, which is marked out by a small lighthouse on the northern beach, erected by the corporation for improving the port of Dublin. The entrance is 240 fathoms wide and 6 fathoms deep : there are shoals on each side, extending on the north from 200„to 300 fathoms N. \V. byW. of the light, and on the south, or Doreinnis (otherwise Doreinch) side, nearly half a mile in the same direction seaward ; but the intermediate channel is clear (S. E. by E.). When within the entrance, a vessel may anchor any where behind the bar of stones on the south side, called Doreinnis, in two fathoms or less, and this is the ordinary place for vessels trading to Westport : or, turning round the eastern end of the isle, a vessel may enter the harbour of Inuis Gort, which is completely sheltered on all sides, and anchor in from three to five fathoms ; or, passing the entrance to Innis Gort, may anchor behind an island on the left, called Innis Lyre, in two fathoms or less. From Innis Lyre up to the quays at Westport, buoys are placed along the channel, a distance of three miles : vessels drawing 13 feet of water can come up to the quays, where the spring tides rise to the height of 14 and neap to 8 feet. The quays, which are an English mile from the town, are now being extended, and when completed will be nearly a mile in length. A commodious range of warehouses and stores, capable of containing 40,000 tons of grain, has been built for the merchants of the town ; and ranging with them are the king's stores, a neat building but less extensive.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 390

7. Clarina Park, seat of Lord Clarina

   Clarina Park · street · Limerick

   Clarina Park, the seat of Lord Clarina, is listed among the seats in the neighbourhood of Limerick most worthy of notice.

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   is deficient in wood. Of the four principal approaches, that from Clare, by Wellesley-bridge, is the best ; the others are, for the moet part, through lines of inferior houses, crooked and deficient in cleanliness. In the vicinity of the city are several good houses and neat villas, but they are by no means so numerous as its wealth would lead strangers to expect, as the rich merchants chiefly reside in the New Town. Among the seats in the neighbourhood, those most worthy of notice are. Mount Shannon, that of the Earl of Clare, one of the finest mansions in the south of Ireland ; Hermitage, of Lord Massy ; Clarina Park, of Lord Clarina ; and Doonass, on the opposite side of the Shannon, of Sir Hugh Dillon Massy, Bart. : in the city are the mansions of the Earl of Limerick and of the bishop.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 77

8. Clay-slate quarry at north end of Youghal

   Youghal · town · Cork

   A quarry of good clay-slate at the north end of Youghal produced an abundant supply of building-stone. It was the property of the Town Commissioners, who gave it freely to the quarry-men working it.

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   The woollen manufacture was formerly carried on here to a considerable extent, but has long since been discontinued ; that of porcelain and fine delf was likewise carried on for a time : the manufactures at present are those of bricks, of which some of a very fine quality are sent coastwise to Cork ; a coarse kind of pottery made for the use of the neighbourhood; and an extensive rope-manufacture. A large porter and ale brewery was established at the northern end of the town by Messrs. Deaves and Eustace, the machinery of which is of the most improved kind ; a malting concern is connected with it. Messrs. Keays and Messrs. Ronayne have each establishments for the purchase and export of salmon in ice : the annual amount of export is valued at about £2500. At the north end of the town is a quarry of good clay-slate used as buildingstone, which produces an abundant supply ; it is the property of the Town Commissioners, who generously give it to the quarry-men working it, by whom the produce is disposed of to great advantage. The trade of the PORT is very considerable, especially the coasting- 680

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 411

9. Clee-duff trench from Cappoquin

   Cappoquin · town · Waterford

   A second trench called Clee-duff by the peasantry runs from Cappoquin through the plain along the side of the mountains westward into the county of Cork. It is an ancient earthwork associated with the local landscape.

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   are remarkable ratlis on the hill of Lismore, at Rathgormuck, in the parish of Kinsalebeg, near Youghal, and at Ardmore, the remains of which last show it to have been of great extent : many others of less note are dispersed in various quarters. Circular intrenchments, consisting of a small area, defended by a rampart and fosse, and called in the language of the country lis, " a fortified residence," are very numerous, and appear to form with each other branches from more important stations that formerly existed at Waterford, Lismore, Dungarvan, and Ardmore. One of the sepulchral mounts called in England " barrows," and here " duns," is to be seen to the west of Dungarvan ; and many others occur in different parts. A large double trench, called by the Irish Riun-ho-Padriuc, " the trench of St. Patrick's cow," commences to the east of Knockmeledown, and runs in nearly a direct line across the Blackwater, and through the deer-park of Lismore, towards Ardmore, being traceable for sixteen or eighteen miles ; it corresponds exactly with that extraordinary work called " The Danes' Cast," which runs through the counties of Armagh and Down. A second trench from Cappoquin, through the plain along the side of the mountains westward into the county of Cork, is called by the peasantry Clee-duff. Cromlechs exist in the barony of Gaultier, within five miles of Waterford ; on Kilmacombe hill ; on Sugar-loaf hill, near Reisk ; at Dunhill; Gurteen ; near Stradbally ; and other places. There appear to have formerly existed, within the limits of the county, 24 religious establishments ; but at present vestiges remain of the buildings of those only of MothiU, Dungarvan, Stradbally, Lismore, and Ardmore. The castles and fortified houses were very numerous : there still exist (some of them entire, and the rest in ruins) that of Lismore, one on the Little Island, one at Crook, Cullen Castle, and those of Carrickbcg, Ballyclough, Feddens, Clonea, Darinlar, Dungarvan, Modeligo, Kilbree, Strancally, Conagh, and Castlereagh. The princely castle of Lismore, the mansion of the Duke of Devonshire, and that of Curraghmore, the seat of the Marquess of Waterford, with which is embodied the ancient castle of that place, are, with the other mansions and seats of the nobility and gentry worthy of particular notice, described in the accounts of the parishes in which they are respectively situated.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 376

10. Clenagh Castle, former MacMahon residence

    Clenagh · townland · Clare

    The ruined castle of Clenagh in Kilaleery parish was a lofty square tower nearly entire, and was once the residence of the Mac Mahons. The ruined castle of Urlin also remained in the parish.

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    KILMALEERY, a parish, in the union of Enms, barony of Bun ratty Lower, county of Clare, and province of Munster, I mile (S. W.) from Newmarket, and on the east bank of the river Fergus ; containing 737 inhabitants. It comprises 2266| statute acres : the land is in general of superior quality, particularly on the shore of the Fergus, where it is exceedingly rich. At Carrigeary is a small quay, where turf and sea manure are landed, and whence corn is occasionally sent to Limerick ; at Cahirbane is the ancient seat of James Creagh, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Killaloe ; the rectory forms part of the rectorial union of Tomfinlough or Tradree, and the vicarage part of the vicarial union of Kilnasoolagh. The tithe rent-charge is £87. 5., of which £51. 2. 6. are payable to the rector, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Newmarket, and has a chapel at Carrigeary. The ruined castles of Urlin and Clenagh still remain ; the latter, a lofty square tower nearly entire, was once the residence of the Mac Mahons.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

11. Clergymen's Widows' Row beside the cathedral

    near Derry · city · Derry

    Bishop Knox contributed £1000 to a Clergymen's Widows' Fund, supported by Protestant clergy of the diocese. The six senior widows received houses rent-free in a row adjacent to the cathedral in Derry, each widow also receiving £35 per annum.

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    The Clergymen's ll'idows' Fund, originated in voluntary subscriptions, to which Bishop Knox, a munificent benefactor to the charitable institutions of Derry, gave £1000, and most of the Protestant clergy of the diocese contributed : the widows now receive each £35 per annum, and the six senior widows have houses rentfree, called the Widows'-row, adjacent to the cathedral. The Charitable Loan Fund was instituted by Bishop Knox, and the corporation contributed to it £31. 10. per annum until the year 1829, from which period it was unsupported till 1833, when the Irish Society granted £10 annually towards the expense of management. The Ladies' Penny Society has an average income of about £200, including a bequest of £30 per annum, and an annual grant of £30 by the Irish Society ; which is applied in distributing clothing, and a few articles of food, among the poor : the society has a branch called the flax fund, to which the Irish Society contribute £20 per annum, for the distribution of certain portions of flax among poor applicants, who are paid for spinning it into yarn. The Poor-shop, instituted in 1821, under the management of a committee of ladies, for providing the poor with clothes and bedding at first cost, on condition of their giving security for payment by weekly instalments at the rate of one

    LONG

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 105

12. Clock-Gate of Youghal, former borough gaol

    Youghal · town · Cork

    A lofty square four-storey building surmounted by a lantern and cupola, called the Clock-Gate, served as Youghal's borough gaol until it was condemned for poor prisoner accommodations. A new bridewell was under construction.

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    trade in the town ; but they exercised no political functions. The recorder was elected for life at a special meeting of the corporate body, called a court of election. The court of quarter-sessions, held by the mayor, bailiffs, and recorder, had jurisdiction in all cases, but confined its proceedings to larcenies and misdemeanours punishable by fine and imprisonment : the court of pleas or record, held before the mayor and bailiffs, or one of them, assisted in special cases by the recorder, took cognizance of pleas to any amount. The town is a constabulary station in the Midleton district, and the police are under the control of the resident justices of the peace for the county, who, in consequence of the extinction of the corporation, hold petty-sessions weekly on Thursday. The property of the late corporation is now vested in twenty-one Town Commissioners chosen under the Lighting and Cleansing act 9th George IV., cap. S'i. It consists of lands and tenements, yielding about £900 per annum ; of tolls and customs, producing an uncertain amount ; and of an annuity from the Commissioners of the Blackwater Bridge, being the interest on £8500, the purchase money of the ferry. Quartersessions are now held at Youghal (mce a year, before the assistant barrister for the East riding of the county of Cork ; debts amounting to £20 are recoverable by process in this court, and all offences not capital are cognizable in it ; it is also a court of registration. The Mall-house, in which the courts are held and the public business transacted, is a handsome structure, built by the corporation in 1779, on a site reclaimed from the slab ; it contains, besides the court-rooms, an assemblyroom, a reading-room, and the magistrates' offices : adjoining it is an agreeable promenade. A lofty square building of four stones, called the Clock-Gate, from its being surmounted by a lantern and cupola containing the town clock, was until recently used as the borough gaol ; but, being defective in several of the accommodations essential to the health of the prisoners, it has been condemned, and a new spacious bridewell is now in course of erection.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 413

13. Clogh Breagh stones of sorrow

    Tipperary · town · Tipperary

    Small mounds called Clogh Breagh or 'Stones of Sorrow' are found across Tipperary, traditionally formed by passers-by each casting a stone where a person had met a violent death. They represent a folk tradition memorialising violent deaths in the landscape.

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    The most numerous remains of antiquity are the raths or earthworks of various kinds, scattered over the surface of the county. There are also many little mounds, called Clogh Breagh, or " Stones of Sorrow," said to have been formed by passengers casting a stone each on a spot where any person had met with a violent death. Within the limits of the county are two ancient round towers, in good preservation ; one on the Rock of Cashel, and the other at Roscrea. In a small bog near Cullen have been found an amazing number of valuable relics, of a very remote period of antiquity : they include utensils of brass ; ingots, plates, plain pieces, and numerous ornaments, of gold ; a quantity of arrow and spear heads ; gold cups, tubes, rings, and chains ; brass spears of very extraordinary form ; and other articles of a similar kind. The number of religious houses is stated to have been 40 ; and there are still remains of those of Ardfinnan and Athassel, the Dominican and Franciscan houses at Cashel, and the houses of Clonmel, Corbally, Fethard, Holy Cross, Hore Abbey, Lorragh (where are the remains of three religious edifices), Monaincha, Roscrea, Thurles, and Kilcooly. There are also an old decayed ecclesiastical building at Mullinahone, and numerous decayed parish churches. But the ruins that claim pre-eminent notice are those on the Rock of Cashel, described in the account of that city, u-h'ich see. Remains of ancient castles are to be met with in every part. The most remarkable are those of Nenagh Round, Ardfinnan, Cahir, Lismalin, Grestown, Gralla near Killenaule, Mealiffe, and Drumban in the parish of Mealiffe ; two at Roscrea ; and two at Thurles ; besides which may be particularly noticed the old castellated mansion in the town of Carrick-on- Suir ; Carrick Castle, formerly the seat of the Earl of Carrick ; and Killaghy Castle. Burnt Court is a very fine specimen of an ancient fortified mansion, and there are some remains of another at Thurles. The chief modern mansions of the nobility and gentry are noticed in their respective parishes. The celebrated natural caves near Mitchelstown, lately discovered, are in the parish of Templetenny, in this county, under which head a detailed description of them is given.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 342

14. Clogher Head promontory and fishing harbour

    near Clogher Head · promontory · Louth

    Clogher Head is a boldly projecting promontory along the Louth coast, at the foot of which lies a village of the same name with a natural harbour affording shelter to a few fishing yawls. From Clogher Head to Dunany Head stretches a sandy bay with reefs covered at high water but dry at ebb tide.

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    of high cultivation, and interspersed with thriving plantations : to the north the surface rises into the lofty group of the Ravensdale, Cooley, and Carlingford mountains. The coast, from the mouth of the Uuyne, which is the southern extremity of the county, presents a broad level strand, stretching northward for several miles to the boldly projecting promontory of Clogher Head, at the foot of which is the village of the same name, with a natural harbour that affords shelter to a few fishingyawls. Thence to Dunniiij Head is a sandy bay, in which are a few reefs, covered at high water but at ebb tide having a dry strand for half a mile beyond the»n. Dunany is the southern extremity of Dundalk Bay, which sweeps round into the land in a semicircular form, having the harbour and town of Dundalk in its most inland point, and terminating northwards at Cooley j)oint. The southern and western shores of this fine bay, the mouth of which extends seven miles from point to point, and which measures the same distance in depth to the entrance to Dundalk harbour, are of the same character as those already noticed, broad, shallow, and skirted with a line of low land rising gradually into slight elevations, clothed with verdure and trees. The northern side of the bay is of a character totally different. Here the mountains rise boldly from the water's edge, covered in tluir lower parts with wood, but above denuded and heathy. This mountainous tract forms a peninsula that separates the bay of Dundalk from that of Carlingfurd, which forms the northern boundary of the county. The character of Carlingford bay is different from that of Dundalk bay : it is long and narrow, extending nearly nine miles inland to Narrow water, which is the entrance to Newry harbour, with an average breadth of li mile, and bordered on both sides by lofty eminences ; on the south by the mountain group already described, on tlie north by the mountains of Morne, in Down, which latter are among the highest in Ireland. Both these bays are considered as unsafe for shipping ; that of Dundalk, from its shoals ; that of Carlingford, from the sudden and violent flaws of wind that sweep along it from the surrounding cliffs. Fish of many kinds are caught in great numbers off the shores of the county ; the most common species are turbot, cod, haddock, plaice, ling, and herrings. There is an oyster-fishery in Carlingford bay, the oysters of which are in the highest estimation for their superior flavour, and are sent in large quantities to Dublin and other towns situated along the coast. The soil in flat parts is suitable to every kind of agricultural produce, being a rich vegetable mould, based on marl, limestone, or clay-slate : northwards it gradually deteriorates, until, on approaching the summits of the mountains, the only vegetable productions are heath and the coarsest grasses. The best land is about Ardee and Louth ; there are also extensive tracts of rich soil at Tallonstown, Dundalk, and Castle-Bellingham.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

15. Clogher precinct held by English undertakers

    near Clogher · town · Tyrone · 1618

    The precinct of Clogher, allotted to English undertakers, was held by Lord Ridgwaie, George Ridgwaie, Sir Gerard Lowther, Lord Burleigh, John Leigh, Sir William Stewart, Sir William Cope, and William Parsons at the time of Pynnar's inspection.

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    According to the rules of James's settlement, the whole county, which was estimated to contain 1571 balliboes, or 98,187 acres, being at the rate of 1000 acres to 16 balliboes, was divided into 78 portions, which, after deducting a portion for the church and some lands for Trinity College, Dublin, were granted to English and Irish undertakers, that is, settlers, who engaged to build, fortify, and stock the lands with British tenantry. Five borough towns, Dungannon, Clogher, Omagh, Strabane, and Mountjoy, were allowed a certain portion of the surrounding grounds ; and another portion of the county was assigned to some of the members of the O'Nial family. The Irish were distributed as tenants among the undertakers, the swordsmen excepted, who were to be removed to the waste parts of Connaught or Munster, where they were to be dispersed and not suffered to settle together in one place. On an inspection of the progress of the plantation, made by Captain Pynnar under the king's direction in 1618, it appeared that the county was divided into the five precincts of Strabane, Omy, Clogher, Mountjoy, and Dungannon. The first of these, Strabane, had been allotted to Scotch undertakers, of whom those then in possession of the lands granted to the original patentees were the Earl of Abercorn, Sir George Hamilton, Sir William Stewart, Sir Robert Newcomen, and Sir John Drummond. Omy, allotted to English undertakers, was in the possession of the Earl of Castlehaven and Sir John Davies ; Clogher, also allotted to EngUsh undertakers, was held by Lord Ridgwaie, George Ridgwaie, Sir Gerard Lowther, Lord Burleigh, John Leigh, Sir William Stewart, Sir William Cope, and William Parsons. Mountjoy, allotted to Scotch undertakers, was held by Sir Robert Heyburne, Lord Vehiltree, Captain Sanderson, Mrs. Lindsey, Alex. Richardson, Andrew Stewart (son to Lord Vehiltree), and David Kenedaie. Dungannon, allotted to servitors and natives, was held by Lord Chichester, Lord Ridgwaie, Sir Toby Caulfield, William Parsons, Sir Francis Ansley, Lord Wiiigfield, and Tirlagh O'Nial. The only towns in the erection of which any progress had been made were Strabane and Augher. The county continued to improve during the reign of James I. and in the commencement of that of Charles I., but suffered greatly during the war of 1641, at the termination of which, much of the land fell into the hands of new proprietors ; and in the subsequent war of 1688 Tyrone was the scene of many military events connected with the siege of Londonderry.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 365

16. Cloghlea Castle and battles of 1641–42 at Kilworth

    Kilworth · townland · Cork · 1641–1642

    The castle of Cloghlea, near Kilworth, was said to have been built by the Condons and was taken by Lord Barrymore in July 1642. The manor was later given to Fleetwood by Cromwell, whose name it still bears. A descendant of the original founder subsequently surprised the garrison and put them to death or detained them prisoners.

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    KILWORTH, a market and post town, and a parish, in the union of Fermoy, barony of Condons and Clon- GiBBONS, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 20 miles (N. N. E.) from Cork, and 106 (S. W.) from Dublin, on the coach -road from Cork to Dublin; containing 3246 inhabitants, of whom 1*72 are in the town. This place was the scene of some battles in the war of 1641 and during the usurpation of Cromwell, by whom the manor was given to Fleetwood, whose name it still bears. In July, 1642, the castle of Cloghlea, near the town, said to have been built by the family of the Condons, and at that time the property of Sir Richard Fleetwood, was taken by Lord Barrymore and the custody of it entrusted to Sir Arthur Hyde, from whom it was afterwards taken by a descendant of the original founder, who surprised the garrison and either put them to death or detained them prisoners. The town is situated on the Funcheon, over which is a neat stone bridge of six arches, about a mile above its confluence with the Blackwater : it consists principally of one long irregular street, containing 284 houses, several of which are well built and of handsome appearance ; and is sheltered by a low mountain ridge, which rises immediately behind it. There are several mills on the river, the principal of which are the Maryville flour-mills, generally employing from 20 to 30 men, and producing annually about 12,000 barrels of flour; there is a flax-mill belonging to Dr. Collet, and adjoining the town is a mill for oatmeal. The market is on Friday, but since the rise of the town of Fermoy, only 2 miles distant, it has been gradually declining ; the fairs are on Jan. 25th, Easter-Tuesday, Corpus Christi day, Sept. 11th, Nov. 21st, and Dec. 10th. The market-house is a neat buildnig near the church ; there is a constabulary police .'Station, and a manorial court is held every three weeks for the recovery of debts under 404-. late currency, with jurisdiction over this parish and parts of the parishes of Kilcrumper and Macrony.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

17. Cloghlea Castle tower in Moore Park demesne

    Moorepark · townland · Cork

    Within the grounds of Moore Park, seat of the Earl of Mountcashel, stands Cloghlea Castle, a lofty square tower rounded at the angles. It is situated on the highest ground on the bank of the river Funcheon, commanding one of its most important passes.

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    mountain. There is no bog ; consequently fuel is scarce. Limestone of good quality abounds, and is quarried chiefly for agricultural purposes. Moore Park, the seat of the Earl of Mountcashel, is a noble and spacious mansion, on the right bank of the Funcheon, which flows through a richly wooded demesne of 800 acres, comprehending much beautiful and interesting scenery. Within the grounds is Cloghlea Castle, a lofty square tower rounded at the angles, and situated on the highest ground on the bank of the river, commanding one of its most important passes. The other seats are, Maryville, a handsome mansion of recent erection and finely situated on the Funcheon ; Woodview, a neat modern residence ; and Rushmount.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

18. Clogh of Termon: ancient bell in Sluggan townland

    Sluggan · townland · Tyrone

    An ancient bell called the 'Clogh of Termon' is preserved in the townland of Sluggan on a mountain close to the road to Dungannon. Much corroded by time, it is said to have been the bell of the old parish church and is still occasionally used in cases of solemn asseveration.

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    Li the townland of Sluggan, on a mountain close to the road to Duiigannon, is preserved an ancient bell called the " Clogh of Termon," much corroded by time, and said to have been used as the bell of the old parish church ; there are many traditionary records concerning it, and it is still occasionally used in cases of solemn asseveration. Within a gunshot of the rectory grounds, on the south side, is an isolated hill on which James H. encamped, when on his flight from Derry in 1689. Adjoining the village are the picturesque remains of the old church of Termon, of a date so remote that not even a tradition of the celebration of public worship in it exists ; the building appears to have been an elegant specimen of the decorated English style. The cemetery is still used by the Roman Catholic parishioners ; near it is a separate burial-place for children, and within a quarter of a mile, one exclusively for women. On the glebe are the remains of a fallen cromlech, a very pic- 574

    turesque object, the table-stone of which is entire, and weighs, by admeasurement, 104 tons : there is a second one at Loughmacrory, in perfect preservation, but not of such large dimensions. Several forts also exist in various parts of the parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 329

19. Cloghtogle druidical monument near Newtownstewart

    near Newtownstewart · village · Tyrone

    A remarkable druidical monument called Cloghtogle, or the 'lifted stone,' stands on a hill a mile north of Newtown-Stewart. It consists of three large upright stones about 7 feet high, covered by a horizontal flag 11 feet long, 7 broad, and 1.5 inches thick. A similar relic of larger dimensions once stood on the opposite hill but now lies on the ground.

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    The REMAINS of ANTIQUITY are not peculiarly interesting. Raths are scattered over almost every part ; near the western border of the mountain named Mary Grey, more than twelve of them may be seen within the compass of a mile : they are generally in pairs. Many are now scarcely discernible, in consequence of the farmers having drawn off the mould for manure. The most perfect has a parapet six feet high, with stepping stones projecting from the inner sides in an oblique direction to the top, like the winding of a staircase; its diameter is 33 yards. A very remarkable Druidieal monument, called Cloghtogle, or the " lifted stone," stands on a hill a mile north of Newtown-Stewart ; it consists of three large stones set upright in a triangular position, about 7 feet high each, and covered with a broad horizontal flag 1 1 feet long, 7 broad, and Ij inches thick. On an opposite hill, at the distance of about 100 yards, was a similar relic of larger dimensions, now lying on the ground. There is a large and very beautiful one, also called Clogh-togle, at Tamlaght, near Coagh ; it consists of six upright stones standing about 5 feet above the ground, on which is a large slab whose greatest diameter is 10 feet, its circumference 2S, and its greatest thickness 7 feet. Another, but less perfect, is to be seen in the demesne of Loughry ; and a very noble one, 12 feet high, a quarter of a mile above Castlederg. At Kilmeillie, near Dungannon, are two circles of stones, each about 20 yards in diameter, in the form of the figure S. On the same hill has been found a kind of altar of dry stones, with the charcoal aud bones fresh among the stones, which retained the marks of fire. An urn has been found in a little sandy hill near Cookstown, covered with a large limestone slab, and surrounded by si.x others. Near Omagh, three small chests containing as many urns were found in 17 1-. under two heaps of stones. In the parish of Errigal-Keroge is a flat stone set upright, about three feet broad and of the same height above ground, having one side covered with carvings of a regular design, consisting of waving and circular lines : it had been the cover of a vault formed of flags set edgeways ; in the vault were found two earthen vessels containing ashes. Near Dungannon have been found several brazen trumpets of an uncommon construction, with a hole in the side, and the smaller end stopped, supposed to have been Danish. The monastic institutions of which traces yet remain are those of Ardboe, Ardstraw, Cluin-Dhubhain, Garvaghkerin, Puble, Grange, and Dououghmore : Cloghcr, Airecal-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 367

20. Clogh-togle monument at Tamlaght near Coagh

    Tamlaght · townland · Tyrone

    A large and beautiful druidical monument called Clogh-togle exists at Tamlaght near Coagh, consisting of six upright stones about 5 feet high supporting a slab with greatest diameter 10 feet, circumference 28, and greatest thickness 7 feet.

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    The REMAINS of ANTIQUITY are not peculiarly interesting. Raths are scattered over almost every part ; near the western border of the mountain named Mary Grey, more than twelve of them may be seen within the compass of a mile : they are generally in pairs. Many are now scarcely discernible, in consequence of the farmers having drawn off the mould for manure. The most perfect has a parapet six feet high, with stepping stones projecting from the inner sides in an oblique direction to the top, like the winding of a staircase; its diameter is 33 yards. A very remarkable Druidieal monument, called Cloghtogle, or the " lifted stone," stands on a hill a mile north of Newtown-Stewart ; it consists of three large stones set upright in a triangular position, about 7 feet high each, and covered with a broad horizontal flag 1 1 feet long, 7 broad, and Ij inches thick. On an opposite hill, at the distance of about 100 yards, was a similar relic of larger dimensions, now lying on the ground. There is a large and very beautiful one, also called Clogh-togle, at Tamlaght, near Coagh ; it consists of six upright stones standing about 5 feet above the ground, on which is a large slab whose greatest diameter is 10 feet, its circumference 2S, and its greatest thickness 7 feet. Another, but less perfect, is to be seen in the demesne of Loughry ; and a very noble one, 12 feet high, a quarter of a mile above Castlederg. At Kilmeillie, near Dungannon, are two circles of stones, each about 20 yards in diameter, in the form of the figure S. On the same hill has been found a kind of altar of dry stones, with the charcoal aud bones fresh among the stones, which retained the marks of fire. An urn has been found in a little sandy hill near Cookstown, covered with a large limestone slab, and surrounded by si.x others. Near Omagh, three small chests containing as many urns were found in 17 1-. under two heaps of stones. In the parish of Errigal-Keroge is a flat stone set upright, about three feet broad and of the same height above ground, having one side covered with carvings of a regular design, consisting of waving and circular lines : it had been the cover of a vault formed of flags set edgeways ; in the vault were found two earthen vessels containing ashes. Near Dungannon have been found several brazen trumpets of an uncommon construction, with a hole in the side, and the smaller end stopped, supposed to have been Danish. The monastic institutions of which traces yet remain are those of Ardboe, Ardstraw, Cluin-Dhubhain, Garvaghkerin, Puble, Grange, and Dououghmore : Cloghcr, Airecal-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 367

21. Clohamon village and its flour and cotton mills

    Clohamon · townland · Wexford

    Clohamon is a neat and thriving village of recent origin in the parish of Kilrush, County Wexford, situated on the banks of the Slaney. The population is chiefly employed in large flour and cotton mills, producing about 200 pieces of cotton weekly.

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    KILRUSH, a parish, in the union of Enniscorthy, barony of Scarawalsh, county of Wexford, and province of Leinster ; adjoining the post-town of Newtownbarry, and containing 315S inhabitants. This parish comprises 11,385| statute acres of land generally fertile ; but with the exception of some pebble-limestone, manure is scarce, and limestone is brought from the county of Carlow. It is watered by the Slaney, over which are two stone bridges, one connecting it with Newtownbarry, and the other crossing the river at Clohamon. The principal seats are, Ballynapark ; Clohamon Lodge ; Ballyrankin House, a handsome mansion lately much improved, now the property of the Rev. N. Devereux ; and Newlands ; all pleasantly situated on the banks of the Slaney. Part of the demesne of Woodfield, the beautiful seat of Lord Farnham, is also in this parish. Clohamon is a neat and thriving village of recent origin, and the population is chiefly employed in large flour and cotton mills, from the latter of which are produced on an average about '200 pieces weekly. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, forming Vol. XL— 169

    the corps of the prebend of Kilrush in Ferns cathedral, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rentcharge is £5'20. 1^2. 4. There is neither glebe nor glebehouse. The church is a small plain edifice, and has been repaired by a grant of £'26'2 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions Kilrush is the head of a district, including this parish and that part of Carnew which is in the county of Wexford, and containing chapels at Kilrush and Askamore ; the former is a neat modern building, attached to which are a residence for the priest and a school. About 70 Protestant children are educated at the schools of Clohamon and Kilrush.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 55

22. Clonard cathedral and monastic houses, only font survives

    Clonard · town · Meath

    Clonard once housed an abbey of Canons Regular, a convent, and a cathedral, but nothing now remains except the font of the cathedral. De Lacy also built a castle here after the Norman arrival.

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    session of the late Duke of Sussex. Bracelets or collars, being solid rings of pure gold of very ancient and rude workmanship, were found near Trimleston Castle, in 1S33 ; the largest weighed 12 ounces avoirdupois. The ruins of abbeys, priories, convents, and other monastic edifices, are numerous through every part of the county ; and still more numerous are the names of others now only discoverable by some local name, or traceable in historic records. The ruins of the old monastery of Duleek, said to be the first monastic edifice built of stone and mortar in Ireland, presents some curious and extraordinary traces of rude architecture. At Bective are extensive and picturesque ruins of the wealthy abbey of that name : at Clonard were an abbey of Canons Regular, a convent, and also a cathedral, but nothing now remains except the font of the last ; at Colpe, Newtown, Slane, and Trim, were also abbeys of Canons Regular, all now in ruins. At Killeen and Kilmainham- Wood were commandcries of Knights Hospitallers ; at Ratoath and Skreen, priories of the Augustinian eremites ; at Eirk, near Slane, a hermitage ; at Trim, a priory of Crutched friars ; and on the Holy or Church island, in Lough Sheelin, an abbey of Grey friars : Kilmainham-beg and Teltown belonged to the Dominicans. The whole have long since fallen into ruins. The monasteries of which no ruins remain are, those of Ardbraccan, Ardceath, Ardmulchan, Ardsallagh, Athboy, Ballybogan, Beaumore near Colpe, Beaubeg, Calliagh, Cloonmanan, Disert-tola, Donaghmore, Donaghcarney near Colpe, and Donoughpatrick ; a priory of the Virgin Mary, and the Magdalen Hospital, at Duleek ; abbeys at Dunshaughlin, and Indenen near Slane ; a house of Regular Canons, an hospital of St. John the Baptist, and a chantry, all at Kells ; a house of Regular Canons and a nunnery at Killeen ; an abbey at Navan, on the site of which the cavalry barrack is now built ; priories at Odder and Rosse, south of Taragh ; an abbey of Regular Canons and a chantry at Skreen ; a monastery of Grey Friars, on the site of which the sessions-house at Trim stands ; a nunnery, a Greek church, and a chantry, at Trim ; and Dominican friaries at Kilberry, Lismullen, and Dunshaughlin ; besides several others. Columbkill's house, a stone-roofed cell, said to be one of the oldest stone-built houses in Ireland, is still traceable at Kells ; in which town are also several stone crosses, one in particular of beautiful workmanship. In the cemetery at Castlekicran, in which are the ruins of a small church, is another very fine stone cross richly sculptured.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

23. Clonea Castle: perfect specimen of ancient fortified residence

    Clonea · townland · Waterford

    Near one of the Cummeragh mountains stand the village and castle of Clonea, described as a perfect specimen of an ancient fortified residence, a quadrangular building of great height divided into several stories approached by stairs within the walls. The watchtower commands a magnificent prospect, and the keep was formerly surrounded by a strong wall with circular towers and a moat.

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    MOTHELL, or Mothel, a parish, in the union of Carrick-on-Suir, barony of Upperthird, county of Waterford, and province of Munster, 3 miles (S. by E.) from Carrick; containing 3723 inhabitants. St. Brogan founded here an abbey, of which he was the first abbot ; and was succeeded by St. Coan : it is thought to have been a house of Canons Regular of the order of St. Augustine, though some say of Cistercian monks. The abbey and its possessions were surrendered in the 31st of Henry VIII., and two years afterwards were granted to a family named Butler and Peter Power, at the annual rent of £6. 4. The parish comprises 17,641 statute acres of arable land, and 3000 of mountain : all the western part is occupied by the mountains of Cummeragh, extending from the river Suir southward to the neighbourhood of Dungarvan, and forming an irregular chain of heights, the sides of which are extremely wild and precipitous, and present, even from a distance, striking masses of light and shade. These lonely mountains, rarely visited but by the sportsman and the summer tourist, every where afford romantic and even sublime scenery. They are composed almost entirely of argillaceous schistus of different qualities, in vertical beds, together with a slaty conglomerate : close-grained white, grey, and red sandstone, and veins of quartz, occur, with porphyritic rocks, and indications of iron, particularly iron glance. There are several lakes on the summits of the mountains, the scenery around which is highly picturesque, and in some parts magnificent ; they are called the Cummerloughs and the Stillogues, and in the former a remarkably fine species of trout is found. In descending from this elevated situation to the Suir, the change is remarkably striking, as the country, in parts, assumes a great degree of softness and richness. Near one of the Cummeragh mountains are the village and castle of Clonea, which latter is a perfect specimen of an ancient fortified residence, consisting of a quadrangular building of great height, divided into several stories approached by a flight of stairs within the walls : the watch-tower commands a magnificent prospect. The keep was formerly surrounded by a strong wall inclosing a square area, with circular towers at each angle and a moat outside ; two of the towers can be distinctly traced. The plantations on the banks of the river Clodagh, which flows close to the castle, give additional interest to the scene.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 172

24. Clonfad ancient religious establishment

    Clonfad · townland · Westmeath · 577

    At Clonfad, on the southern confines of the parish, was a very ancient religious establishment of which St. Etchein, who died in 577, was bishop. Some remains of the church were still extant.

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    The LIVING is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £804. 6. The church, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £100 and granted a loau of £1200, in 1816, is a handsome edifice with a well-proportioned spire, and contains the sepulchral vault of the Pakenham family. The glebe-house is a neat residence, and the glebe comprises 41 acres. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church : there are two chapels, situated respectively at Rathwire aud Rathfarne. Of several public schools, one is supported by the trustees of Erasmus Smith's fund, who allow the master £30 per annum, with a house and garden rent-free ; and two by Lord and Lady Longford : there is a dispensary. In the old parish church were several chapels or chautries, the largest of which was dedicated to St. Mary ; and at Clonfad, on the southern confines of the parish, was a very ancient religious establishment, of which St. Etcheii, who died in 577, was bishop : there are still some remains of the church. Numerous raths exist in the parish ; and on a hill near Lisnabin are the remains of some works called Pakenbam's Fort, commanding an extensive prospect. At Ratteen are the remains of a castle, in which the Lord- Lieutenant, who in 1450 had been made prisoner, was confined for some time. Many silver coins of the reigns of Elizabeth, James L, and Vol. n.— 121

    Charles L, and the protectorate, were found in two tin vessels, in ploughing near Grilfinstown.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

25. Clongowes Wood Jesuit College in Mainham

    near Clongoweswood · population centre · Kildare

    The parish of Mainham contains Clongowes Wood, an extensive educational establishment run by the Society of Jesus for young Catholic men, featuring a domestic chapel and situated in a richly wooded demesne.

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    DARE, and province of Leinster, 1^ mile (N.) from Clane, and on the road from Celbridge or Maynooth to Naas ; containing 703 inhabitants. The parish comprises '2823^ statute acres, and is chiefly under tillage, but contains some good pasture land : the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture improving; the potato crops are universally drilled. Fuel is obtained in abundance, and at a very moderate expense, from a valuable tract of bog iu the parish. Mainham is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare, forming part of the union of Clane ; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of Lord Falconberg : the tithe rent-charge is £93. 3. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish belongs to the district of Clane : the only chapel is the domestic chapel belonging to the college at Clongowes Wood, an extensive establishment under the superintendence of the members of the Society of Jesus, for the education of young men of the Roman Catholic religion in every department of classical and polite literature ; the building, a noble castellated mansion beautifully situated in a richly wooded demesne, is described under the head of Clane.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 133

26. Clonleigh parish church monument to Sir Richard Hansard

    Clonleigh · parish · Donegal

    The parish church at Clonleigh is a neat stone edifice with a square tower containing a monument to Sir Richard Hansard and his wife Anne, enumerating his various benefactions to the town. Sir Richard also endowed a school with £30 per annum for a master and £20 for an usher.

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    The parish, which is also called Clouleigh, comprises 12,51*4 statute acres; 153 are in the tideway of the river Foyle. The principal seats are Clonleigh and Cavanacor. The river is navigable for vessels of 20 tons from Derry to this place. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £630, and the glebe comprises 515 acres, of which 1*7 are uncultivated land. The church is a neat edifice of stone with a square tower, and contains a monument to Sir Richard Hansard and Anne, his wife, enumerating his various benefactions to the town. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms the head of a district, comprising also the parish of Camus-juxta-Morne : the chapel, within a mile of the town, is a neat edifice. There is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly. About 450 children are taught in eight public schools, of which one was endowed by Sir Richard Hansard with £30 per annum for a master and £20 for an usher, both appointed by the Bishop of Derry, who is visiter ; three are parochial schools, supported, one by Lord Erne and two by the rector ; and four schools are in connexion with the National Board of Education. Mr. Blackburn, in 1S06, bequeathed £200, the interest of which he appropriated to be annually distributed among poor householders ; but by some mismanagement the principal has been wasted, and the intention of the donor frustrated. There are remains of three religious houses, at Ballibogan, Churchminster, and Clonleigh ; the monastery of Cluanleodh, according to Archdall, was founded by St. Columb, and St. Carnech was bishop and abbot of the establishment in 530. Lifford gives the titles of Baron and Viscount to the family of Hewitt.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 73

27. Clonmel cotton manufactory and wool trade history

    Clonmel · town · Tipperary · 1689–1837

    An extensive cotton manufactory of recent establishment operated at Clonmel. The ancient staple manufacture of wool, centred on Clonmel and Carrick-on-Suir, was suppressed by parliamentary regulations made shortly after the Revolution to confine woollen manufacture to England.

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    With the exception of an extensive cotton manufactory' at Clonmel, of recent establishment, the county may be considered to be devoid of manufactures of importance. The ancient staple manufacture of wool, of which Clonmel and Carrick-on-Suir formed the centre, was suppressed by the parliamentary regulations made shortly after the Revolution, for the avowed purpose of confining the woollen manufacture to England, and substituting that of linen in its place in Ireland. Yet notwithstanding this discouragement, stuffs and ratteens 5S-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 341

28. Clonmellon church and Chapman almshouses

    Clonmellon · town · Westmeath

    The church at Clonmellon, a neat structure with a handsome spire, was built about 60 years prior partly at the expense of Sir B. Chapman. Ten almshouses for aged and infirm labourers, each with more than an acre of land and a small annuity, were established under the will of Sir B. Chapman.

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    KILLUA, or Killoah, a parish, in the union of Kells, barony of Dei.vin, county of Westmeath, and province of Lf.inster, 5 miles (W. N. W.) from Athboy, on the road from that place to Oldcastle ; containing, with the town of Clonmellon, 1950 inhabitants. It comprises 5259^ statute acres, about half of which is in tillage ; and contains limestone, but neither waste land nor bog. Killua Castle is the handsome castellated residence of Sir T. Chapman, Bart., and contains a fine collection of paintings by the old masters ; the demesne comprises more than 500 acres, and includes a sheet of water, an obelisk to Sir Walter Raleigh, and the ruins of a commandery of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. Ballinlough Castle, the seat of Sir J. Nugent, Bart., is in a demesne of above 300 acres. Killua is a vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Killallon ; the rectory is impropriate in N. Ogle, Esq.: the tithe rent-charge is £93. 15., of which £60 are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The church, which is at Clonmellon, and is a neat structure with a handsome spire, was built about 60 years since, partly at the expense of Sir B. Chapman, and has been repaired by a grant of £251 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district called Clonmellon, including also the parishes of Killallon and Clonarney, and containing chapels at Clonmellon and Killallon ; the former is a neat building, with a detached belfry. Here is an almshouse for four poor women, who have a weekly allowance from the Chapman family ; and in Clonmellon are ten almshouses for aged and infirm labourers, who have each more than an acre of land, and £2 per annum, £5 being appropriated for keeping the houses in repair : they were established under the will of Sir B. Chapman. There are some remains of the old church, with a burial-ground attached, which is the place of interment of the Chapman family. — See Clonmellon.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

29. Clonmines: ancient borough sending MPs to parliament

    Clonmines · townland · Wexford

    Clonmines was anciently a borough that sent two members to the Irish parliament. It is listed among the disfranchised or former boroughs of County Wexford, alongside Fethard and Bannow.

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    The county, with the exception of parts of two parishes, which are in the diocese of Dublin, is entirely within the diocese of Ferns. For civii, purposes it is divided into the baronies of Ballaghkeen, Bantry, Bargy, Forth, Gorey, Scarawalsh, Shelburne, and Shelmalier East and West. It contains the ancient episcopal town of Ferns ; the borough and market towns of Wexford and New Ross ; the market and post towns of Gorey, Enniscorthy, Newtownbarry ; the disfranchised borough of Fethard ; and the post-towns of Arthurstown, Broadway, Clonegal, Camolin, and Taghmon, the last of which was anciently a borough, as were also Clonmines and Bannow. The minor posts are Ballycarney, Banuow, Bridgetown, Duncaunon, Kyle, and Oulart. It sent eighteen members to the Irish parliament, two being for the county at large, and two for each of the boroughs of Wexford, New Ross, Gorey, Enniscorthy, Taghmon, Fethard, Clonmines, and Banuow ; but since the Union its representatives in the Imperial parliament have been, two sent by the county, and one for each of the boroughs of Wexford and New Ross. The county members are elected at Wexford. The shire is included in the Leinster circuit : the assizes are held at Wexford ; general sessions of the peace are held twice in the year at each of the towns of Gorey, Wexford, Enniscorthy, and New Ross ; and petty-sessions are held, at various intervals, at each of the above towns and at Newtownbarry, Burkestown, Clonroche, Duncormuck, Killinick, Oulart, and Taghmon. The county gaol is at Wexford, and there are bridewells at New Ross, Gorey, and Enniscorthy. The local government is vested in a lieutenant, 16 deputylieutenants, and til other magistrates. The number of constabulary police stations is 43. The district lunatic 635

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 393

30. Clonmore monastery of St. Bernard founded by St. Fintan

    Clonmore · townland · Westmeath · 1200–1299

    At Clonmore in the parish of Street are the remains of an old church with a burial-place, anciently a monastery of the order of St. Bernard, founded by St. Fintan about the 13th century.

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    STREET, anciently Straid, a parish, partly in the barony of Ardagh, union and county of Longford, but chiefly in that of Moyggish, union of Granard, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, Si miles (X. by E.) from Rathowen ; on the river Inny and Lough Dereveragh, and on the road to Granard ; containing 3905 inhabitants. This parish comprises l6,722f statute acres, of which about 9500 are good land chiefly under tillage ; its eastern side is composed of vast tracts of bog, through which the Inny winds, and on the west is the county of Longford. The farms are large and for the most part well cultivated ; much draining and other improvements are going forward, especially on the estates of Major Blackall, and W. Wilson, Esq. ; green crops are coming into cultivation, and the people seem generally comfortable and contented. Here are quarries of very fine limestone, good black marble, and thin black flagstone. The seats are Colamber and Kildevin. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the patronage of Fulke Greville, Esq., in whom the rectory is impropriate; the tithe rent-charge is £276. 18. 6., one-half payable to the impropriator, and the other to the vicar. The glebe comprises 5 acres, valued at £10. 10. per annum ; the glebehouse was built by aid of £400 and a loan of £382, in 1812, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is an ancient building, in good repair : divine service is also performed in two school-houses, at each extremity of the parish, on the evenings of the alternate Sundays throughout the year. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; the chapel is at Boherquil. A loan fund with a capital of upwards of £3000, has been productive of much good. At Colamber are the ruins of a castle, which was besieged by Oliver Cromwell ; and the ruins of an old church and burial-ground : the castle formed the boundary of the English pale. There are also the remains of an old church with a burial-place at Clonmore, anciently a monastery of the order of St. Bernard, founded by St. Fintan about the 13th century. Opposite the church is a large high moat. At Kennard, in the parish, was a nunnery. In the midst of the bog is a mineral spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 304

31. Clothworkers' Company lease at Killowen under James I

    near Killowen · parish · Derry · 1609

    The Clothworkers' Company of London obtained a lease of the parish of Killowen from the Irish Society, to whom it had been granted by James I in 1609. Nearly all the small houses in Captain-street were held at will by tenants under this company.

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    KILLOWEN, or St. John's Church, a parish, in the union and barony of Coleraine, county of Londonderry, and province of Ulster ; forming part of the suburbs of Coleraine, and containing 270S inhabitants. This parish, which is included within the present borough of Coleraine, is situated on the western bank of the river Bann, and is connected with the town, on the opposite side, by a fine newly-built stone bridge of three arches. That part of the parish which is more especially the suburb consists chiefly of a long street called Captain-street, forming a continuation of Bridgestreet, Coleraine. It contains many small houses, nearly the w hole of which are held at will by tenants under the Clothworkers" Company of London, which company obtained a lease of the parish from the Irish Society, to whom it had been granted by James I. in 1609- In another street, called Killowen-street, and which is bishop's land, is the church. A small trade is carried on, chiefly in the manufacture of calicoes and ginghams ; and fairs are held on May I'ith and July 5th. The parish comprises 17S8 statute acres : the lands are chiefly under tillage ; the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture greatly improved. Jackson's Hall, now

    KILL

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

32. Clough castle ruins on ancient fort chain

    Clough · townland · Down

    At Clough are the ruins of an old castle, one of the ancient cuslella murata, situated on top of a fort forming the northern end of a chain of forts extending southward to Clough House. From the fort there is a view of two separate lines of forts and Dundrum bay and castle.

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    On Castle hill, northward of Anadorn, stood a fort ; contiguous to which was the castle of the Macartans, the former proprietors of the present barony of Kinelarty. At Clough are the ruins of an old castle, one of the ancient cuslella murata, remarkable for being situated on the top of a fort which originally formed the northern end of a chain of forts with their accustomed ramparts and ditches, extending as far southward as the gardens attached to Clough House ; from this fort is a full view of two separate lines of forts, and of the whole of Dundnim bay and castle. A little northward of Castle hill, in an angle formed by two roads, is a cromlech, which still preserves much of its original form ; and near it were found, some years ago, while excavating for the foundation of a dwelling-house, several sepulchral urns, in which, and also in a kistvaen discovered on the western side of the island lough, were calcined bones and ashes. On the island called Loughin- Island, a romantic and sequestered spot, are the ruins of three edifices which, though not exactly parallel, are, in their general bearings, east and west. The central one is conjectured to have been the original parish church ; the one to the northward, built in 1,547, was used as such till 17-0, when the present church was built at Seaforde ; and the third is traditionally said to have been a cell of St. Fynian, and was the private chapel and burial-place of the Macartans. At the ■western extremity of the townland of Drumcaw, is a very ancient bridge of one arch, over the Moneycarra river.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 113

33. Cloughmerne stone, remnant of a cromlech

    Kilbroney · townland · Down

    On the acclivity of a mountain in the parish stands a very large stone called Cloughmerne, which was formerly part of a cromlech. It represents a prehistoric monument in the Kilbroney area.

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    woodland, about 5000 arable, and the remainder bog and mountain, the latter of which affords excellent pasture. Here are some large bleach-greens, and some lead-mines. The principal seats are the Lodge, Brandensburg, Carpenham. Green Park, Amos Vale, Ballyedmund, Old Hall, and Crayfield. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the gift of the Bishop, to whom the rectory is appropriate : the tithe rent-charge is £116. 10., one-third payable to the vicar, and twothirds to the bishop. The church, which is in Rosstrevor, is a handsome cruciform edifice, with a lofty tower and pinnacles : it was built in 1819, at an expense of £'2000, of which the Board of First Fruits gave £^00 and lent £1100. The Board also granted £450 as a gift, and £120 as a loan, for the erection of the glebehouse, in 18-21 : the glebe comprises 7f acres. The Roman Catholic parish is co-e.\tensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, one in Rosstrevor, the other at Killowen. There are several national and other schools. On the acclivity of a mountain is a very large stone, called Cloughmerne, which was formerly part of a cromlech ; and near Killowen are the ruins of Greeu Castle : this fortress was built by Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, destroyed by the Irish in 1343, rebuilt soon after on a large scale, and dismantled by order of Cromwell. In the parish are also the remains of Castle Roe, or Rosstrevor Castle. On the Hillstown road are the ruins of Kilbroney church, in which a clogh-han, or "white bell," was some years since discovered ; also an ancient stone cross and a holy well. In 1834 a spacious cave was discovered, containing broken urns filled with calcined human bones and ashes. A chalybeate spring was formerly much resorted to, but is now almost neglected. — See Rosstrevor.

    KILBRYAN.— See Kilbrine.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

34. Cloughmorne stone with panoramic views near Rostrevor

    near Rostrevor · town · Down

    On the side of the mountain near Rostrevor is a stone of very large dimensions called Cloughmorne, visited for the extensive and beautiful prospect it commands. Between Rostrevor and Warrenpoint in Carlingford lough is a large extent of soft ground where vessels lie at moorings.

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    The port is principally frequented by fishing-boats, for whose accommodation there is a small quay, from which is a walk nearly a mile in length, thickly shaded with trees ; and on the side of the mountain is a stone of very large dimensions, called Cloughmorne, which is visited for the very extensive and beautiful prospect it commands. Between this place and Warrenpoint, in Carlingford lough, is a large extent of soft ground, on which are two fathoms of water, where vessels frequenting the port of Newry lie at their moorings. In the vicinity of the town are some salt-works. Fairs are held on Shrove-Tuesday, Aug. 1st, Sept. 19th, Nov. 1st,

    3 S

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 266

35. Clough ruins, King John's halting place

    Kilmolash · townland · Waterford

    In Kilmolash parish are the ruins of an ancient building called Clough, where it is said King John and his attendants halted on their journey from Waterford to Cork. It consisted of a quadrangle enclosed with high walls defended by angle towers and a drawbridge on the south side.

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    KILMOLASH, a parish, partly in the barony of DECiEs-within-DRUM, but chiefly in that of Decieswithout-DRUM, unions of Lismore and Dvngarvan, county of Waterford, and province of Mcnster, 5 miles (S. E.) from Lismore; containing 1491 inhabitants. It comprises 36S9 statute acres, of which about three-fourths are arable ; and includes some bog and mountain laud, and about 70 acres of woodland. The river Phinisk flows through the parish ; and on its banks, at Bewley, is a cavern in the limestone rock, near which was formerly a religious edifice, said to have belonged to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. The principal seats are Woodstock and Ballinaparka. Kilmolash is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory forms part of the union of Kilrush and of the corps of the archdeaconry of Lismore, and the tithe rent-charge is £174. 7. 6., of which £116. 5. are payable to the rector and the remainder to the vicar. Here are the ruins of an ancient building, called Clough, where it is said King John and his attendants halted on their way from Waterford to Cork. It consisted of a quadrangle of about a quarter of an acre, inclosed with high walls defended by towers at the angles, with a drawbridge on the south side ; the towers only appear to have been roofed. Part of the ruins of the church also still exist.

    U

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 47

36. Cloughtogel cromlech on Tamlaght glebe

    Tamlaght · townland · Tyrone

    On the glebe at Tamlaght stands a cromlech called Cloughtogel, composed of a granite table-stone weighing 22 tons raised 13 feet on six basalt uprights, with a chamber beneath. Several other connected cromlechs in a line, surrounded by a stone circle, were removed during fencing alterations.

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    Tamlaght was created a parish in 1783, by Primate Robinson, by separating 6 townlands from the parish of Ballyclog in the barony of Dungannon, and 5| from that of Ballinderry in the barony of Loughinshohn ; the Primate also built the church, and purchased the glebe, with which he endowed it, together with the tithes of the II5 townlands. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Primate ; the tithe rent-charge is £150. The glebe-house was built in 1781, at an expense of £496, of which £92 were a gift from the late Board of First Fruits, the residue being supplied by the then incumbent. The church is a small plain edifice, in the Londonderry portion of the parish. In Coagh is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly ; within the parish is a meeting-house for those till lately in connexion with the Associate Synod ; and there are places of worship for Baptists and Wesleyan Methodists, the latter in the market-place of Coagh. On the glebe stands a cromlech called Cloughtogel, composed of a stupendous table-stone of granite, weighing 22 tons, raised 13 feet above the ground on six uprights of basalt ; under it is a chamber or vault of considerable extent. There were formerly several other cromlechs connected with this, extending in a line due east and west, the whole surrounded by a circle of upright stones ; but, in the process of fencing and other alterations, all have been removed except the first-named. In a field called the " Honey Mug," not far distant, is a large upright pillar of marble of a singular kind, beneath which is an artificial cave.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 311

37. Coalbrook colliery worked by Langley family for over a century

    Coalbrook · townland · Tipperary

    The principal colliery at Coalbrook, owned by Mr. Langley, was the only mine of importance kept open before the Mining Company's undertaking, and had been worked for more than a century by the proprietor's family. The first steam-engine in the area was erected there.

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    trict is of the kind called stone or blind coal, similar to that of Kilkenny and Queen's county. The value of the quantity annually raised, previously to 1825, amounted to about £12,000 ; but has since nearly doubled. The increase is attributable in a great measure to the exertions of the Mining Company of Ireland, who took several of the mines on lease, among which were those of Glangoole, Ballygalavan, and Boulintlea (the lastnamed said to be the most extensive coal-field in Ireland), and opened that of Mardyke in 1827. The principal colliery worked by an individual is that of Coalbrook, the property of Mr. Langley, in which the beds of coal are not only more extended, but nearer the surface and more regularly stratified, than any others in the same neighbourhood : a singular feature in the strata is their occasional interruption by what are technically called " hags " or " faults," which consist of substitutions of firm shale in lieu of coal, commonly from three to five yards broad, ranging across the troughs in a north-western and south-eastern direction. The colliery has been worked for more than a century by the family of the present proprietor, and was the only mine of any importance kept open previously to the Mining Company's undertaking : the first steam-engine in this part of the country was erected in it. There are now extensive collieries in full operation at Ballinastick and Earl's Hill, belonging to Mr. Going.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 340

38. Coal formation begins near Timahoe

    Timahoe · townland · Laois

    The coal formation of Queen's County begins near Timahoe and extends east and south-east to the Barrow and southwards almost to the Nore. It forms the northern extremity of the Kilkenny coal field, from which it is separated only by a small river.

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    The principal portion of the county, in a geological point of view, belongs to the great floetz limestone field, which forms the base of the greater part of the level country of Ireland ; the Slieve-Bloom mountains, in the north-west, are of the sandstone formation, and at the Slievemargue in the south-east the coal formation commences. The limestone field abounds with escars, already noticed. The coal formation begins near Timahoe, and extends cast and south-east to the Barrow, and southwards almost to the Nore. It forms the northern extremity of the Kilkenny field, from which it is separated only by a small river ; and the coal is in every respect similar in each part : the portion included m the Queen's county extends about 3 miles by '2. The Strata range is in Kilkenny, but the dip being to the west, the pits on this side are deeper. There are five collieries at work ; namely, Newtown, Wolf Hill, Doonane, Poulakele, and Moydebegh : those of Rushes and Tollerton, though very valuable, are not wrought at present. The pits at Newtown are from 45 to 48 yards deep ; all those around Jloydebegh are from 61 to 64 yards. The coal at Newtown and Doonane is equal to the best Kilkenny coal, and sells at 20i\ per ton at the pits ; that of the other collieries, though somewhat inferior, never sinks below the price of 17»-. per ton. Hence the poor people, even in the immediate vicinity of the pits, cannot afford to use it, and it is entirely purchased by maltsters, brewers, distillers, and smiths, by whom it is much sought after, inasmuch as, being 437

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 236

39. Coal indications and quarries at Kirkinriola

    Kirkinriola · townland · Antrim

    In the valley of the river Braid in Kirkinriola parish there are indications of coal, though no mines have been opened. Extensive quarries of stone supplied material for building houses and bridges in Ballymena and its neighbourhood.

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    of Antrim, and province of Ulster, on the road from Belfast to Londonderry ; containing, with the posttown of Ballymena (which is separately described). 8843 inhabitants. This parish, which is also called Kilconriola and Ballymena, comprises 6390 statute acres, in a very indifferent state of cultivation. The soil is light and sandy, in some parts intermixed with stones, and consequently unproductive without great labour and expense ; the farms are small, and chiefly in the occupation of persons who, dividing their attention between agriculture and the spinning of yarn and the weaving cjf linen, expend but little capital on the land, and pay but little attention to its improvement. There are considerable tracts of waste and a large extent of bog. In the valley of the river Braid are indications of coal, but no mines have yet been opened ; and there are extensive quarries of stone in several parts of the parish, from which was raised all the stone for building the houses and bridges in the town and neighbourhood. The principal seats are The Green, Hugomont, Brigadie, and Ballygarvey.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 60

40. Coalisland coal works with seven workable beds

    near Coal Island · town · Tyrone

    The Coal-Island coal district is eight miles long by an average breadth of two and a half miles. Seven workable beds of coal near the village aggregate to 34 feet of coal in a depth of 244 yards, an unparalleled concentration for English mining districts.

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    Great irregularity prevails in the direction and inclination of the coal strata : the main dip in the southern extremity is north-east ; in the northern, south-west ; but it is frequently altered by wavings or undulations, which are generally north and south. Besides these undulations, which throw the strata into confusion, the continuity of the beds is often broken by slips or faults. The average angle of the strata with the horizon is about 1 1° 30', or one foot of fall for five of length, but in many places it increases to 50° : the difficulty of clearing off the water is much increased by this increase of angle. The quantity of coal capable of being produced from the Coal-Island district may be estimated from the fact that, in the immediate vicinity of the village, are seven workable beds of coal, amounting, in the aggregate, to 34 feet of coal in a depth of 244 yards : no instance occurs in the great mining districts of England of an equal number of beds so near each other.

    From the sulphureous and ferruginous appearance of the water in many places, it is evident that large quantities of Iron Ore are deposited here. Claij, of various colours, for making bricks, may be procured in all parts of the county. Good flooring and ridge tiles, gardenpots, and coarse earthenware are made in the neighbourhood of Moy and Killyman. Excellent pottery is manufactured near Coal-Island : the clay, which is of a muddy white before it is baked, is also made up into small oblong wedges of about a pound each, and sold as a substitute for fuUers'-earth, for which purpose it is sent to all parts, bringing back a profitable return. A line of Escitrs proceeds from Killyman, by Dungannon, Ballygawley, and Clogher, to Five-mile-town, where it enters the county of Fermanagh. Those in this county

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 366

41. Coalisland pottery and fuller's-earth substitute

    near Coal Island · town · Tyrone

    Excellent pottery is manufactured near Coal-Island using a muddy-white clay. The same clay is formed into small oblong wedges sold as a substitute for fuller's-earth, dispatched to all parts with profitable returns.

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    From the sulphureous and ferruginous appearance of the water in many places, it is evident that large quantities of Iron Ore are deposited here. Claij, of various colours, for making bricks, may be procured in all parts of the county. Good flooring and ridge tiles, gardenpots, and coarse earthenware are made in the neighbourhood of Moy and Killyman. Excellent pottery is manufactured near Coal-Island : the clay, which is of a muddy white before it is baked, is also made up into small oblong wedges of about a pound each, and sold as a substitute for fuUers'-earth, for which purpose it is sent to all parts, bringing back a profitable return. A line of Escitrs proceeds from Killyman, by Dungannon, Ballygawley, and Clogher, to Five-mile-town, where it enters the county of Fermanagh. Those in this county

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 366

42. Coal seam discovered in Geevagh mountains

    near Geevagh · population centre · Sligo

    A seam of coal, twenty-two inches thick, was discovered in the mountains of Geevagh within the parish of Kilmacrany. Iron-ore also exists in the parish.

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    KILMACTRANY, a parish, in the union of Boyle, barony of Tiraghrill, county of Sligo, and province of Connaught, 6 miles (N.) from Boyle, on the road to Ballyfarnon ; containing 4604 inhabitants. This parish comprises 13,447 statute acres, including much bog and mountain land ; the soil is light, and agriculture is in a backward state. Limestone is abundant ; iron-ore exists ; and a seam of coal, 22 inches thick, has been discovered in the mountains of Geevagh. The parish is situated on Lough Arrow, a picturesque sheet of water at the base of the Curlew mountains, about a mile from Lough Key, by which it communicates with the Shannon : the lake is five miles in length and two in its greatest breadth, is studded with islands, and is remarkable for the size and fine flavour of its trout. On the western side, but in another parish, is Hollybrook House, a handsome residence, the plantations of which form a pleasing picture when viewed from the opposite shore. Petty-sessions are held every fortnight on Tuesday, and here is a constabulary police station. The estate of Kingsborough gives the title of viscount to the eldest son of the Earl of Kingston. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin, united to the vicarages of Shancoe and Killadoon, and in the gift of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in W. MuUoy, Esq. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £79. 12., which is equally divided between the impropriator and the vicar; and the tithe of the whole vicarial benefice is £67. 3. 8. There is a glebe-house, for the erection of which the Board of First Fruits, in 1819, gave £650 and lent £150: the glebe comprises 13 acres, subject to a rent of £2 per annum. The church is a small building, for the erection of which the Board gave £800, in I8I6 ; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £305 for its repair. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head ot a union or district, called Geevagh, which is co-extensive with the Protestant union, and has a handsome chapel, ornamented with

    K I L— M A

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

43. Coal seams near Emyvale and Slievebeagh

    Emyvale · town · Monaghan

    Coal was found in thin seams at the foot of the Slievebeagh mountain near Emyvale, and at Glennon in large blocks. The most extensive beds were near Carrickmacross, where pits were opened but workings discontinued after a few tons were raised.

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    used for architectural purposes. The south side of this mountain is altogether of jasper, in some places very pure, but mostly in a state of decomposition, much resembling clay-slate, and of a bright vermilion hue : the hills of Grieve are wholly greenstone and basalt. Escars can be traced in several parts, particularly in the neighbourhood of Tyhallon, and, in one respect, are unlike all others in Ireland, being entirely formed of jasper, quartz, agates, and argillaceous sand. Coal has been found in thin seams at the foot of the Slievebeagh mountain near Emyvale, and at Glennon in large blocks ; but the most extensive beds are near Carrickraacross : pits were opened there a few years since, but after a few tons had been raised, the workings were discontinued. Ironstone of inferior quality is frequently found ; slatequarries are worked at the Grieve hills, and flags in three quarries in Dartree. Large lead- works were erected in the Grieve hills for the smelting of lead-ore, but they have been long since abandoned : the ore has been found near Gastle-Blayney both in large blocks and in thin veins ; some promising veins, also, can be traced in the limestone near Carrickmacross. Indications of copper have been discovered near Gastle- Blayney ; and ochres, potters'-clay, and soft unctuous earth, in the same neighbourhood. Potters-clay found near Glaslough is wrought into glazed earthenware ; brick clay, and oxyde of manganese, are distributed over all the country. The bones and antlers of the moose-deer, and the bones of several other kinds of animals, long since extinct in the island, have been dug up. Four teeth of extraordinary size were discovered on the Slievebeagh mountains, which on an examination by the Royal Society of London, were pronounced to be those of an elephant : two of them weighed 2|lb. each ; the other two, 6oz. each.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 161

44. Coal strata and ironstone in the Ardagh–Athea mountain range

    Ardagh · town · Limerick

    A mountain range extends from Ardagh village to the Kerry boundary west of Athea, over ten miles, containing five strata of coal and nodules of ironstone. Flag-stones of large size are quarried in the mountains, and the district is noted as well-adapted for iron-works.

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    a substratum of limestone, and produces excellent crops under a judicious system of cultivation ; the meadows and pastures are extremely rich ; great numbers of sheep are fed on them annually, and the mountain districts aflford pasturage for numerous herds of cattle. There are not more than 300 acres of waste land, and much of the rougher kind is daily being brought into cultivation. The mountain range extends from the village of Ardagh to the confines of the county west of Athea, where it joins the county of Kerry, a distance of more than 10 miles ; the general formation is silicious grit and indurated clay or clunch, resting on a limestone base. Throughout the entire range are five several strata of coal, varying from 12 to 40 inches in thickness; but the two upper strata, not more than 16 inches thick, have only yet been worked, and that in a very inefficient manner : all the strata dip very rapidly. Nodules of ironstone are found in the rivulets, and also imbedded in the clunch; limestone is abundant, and no district in Ireland seems better adapted than this for the establishment of iron-works. Flag-stones of very large size are quarried in the mountains, and numerous escars are found almost exclusively of limestone. The principal seats are, Glenville, the residence of a branch of the Massey family ; and Cahermoyle, of W. S. O'Brien, Esq. : the woods around these seats are extensive and luxuriant, and are interesting from their situation in a fertile valley destitute of all timber but what is on the demesnes ; the plantations of Glenville are very extensive, reaching to the summit of the mountain. Athea, or Temple-Athea, is the only village in the parish ; it is very small, but picturesquely situated, and is a station of the constabulary police.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 252

45. Coarse red pottery of Agivey

    near Agivey · parish · Derry

    Coarse red pottery is manufactured at Agivey and at some other places in the county. This represents a local craft tradition in the area.

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    unbleached ; the coarse chiefly to Liverpool. The white linens are shipped from Londonderry or Coleraine to Liverpool or London. Coarse red pottery is made at Agivey, and at some other places ; there are several distilleries and breweries, and numerous corn and flour mills. The coast abounds throughout with all the ordinary kinds of fish, which are taken for home consumption i but the principal fisheries are those of salmon and eels in the Bann, which are superior in extent to any others in Ireland, employing a great number of persons : almost the entire produce of salmon is exported. There are several other considerable fisheries along the sea-coast, and in the small rivers ; but most of the salmon brought to the provincial markets comes from a distance of several miles, and is much inferior to that of the Bann. The commerce of the county centres in the city of Londonderry and the town of Coleraine, but chiefly the former. At Ballyronan, on Lough Neagh, vessels of sixty tons' burthen can unlade ; and, though the exports are inconsiderable, timber, iron, slates, coal, flax-seed, hardware, and groceries are landed in large quantities.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 96

46. Coastal batteries on Carrig Island

    Carrig Island · townland · Kerry

    Carrig Island hosted a military battery mounting six 24-pounder cannons and containing bomb-proof barracks for approximately 20 men.

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    vate contributions and grand jury presentments. The entire amount of grand jury presentments, in 1844, was £38,250. In mountainous districts the applotments are made by what are called reduced ploughlands, each being divided into 60 acres, called reduced acres ; but these ploughlands are determined rather by their proportionable quality and value than by their superficial extent ; for the larger they are, the coarser and less fertile ; the smallest being the most fruitful. In the military arrangements, that part of the county south of the river Flesk is included in the Cork district, the other part to the north of the river being in the Limerick district. There are a barrack station for infantry at Tralee, affording accommodation for 17 officers and 456 non-commissioned officers and men ; and two batteries on the islands of Carrigue and Tarbert, each mounting six '24-pounders and containing bomb-proof barracks for about 20 men.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 7

47. Coastal batteries on Tarbert Island

    Tarbert · town · Kerry

    Tarbert Island hosted a military battery mounting six 24-pounder cannons and containing bomb-proof barracks for approximately 20 men.

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    vate contributions and grand jury presentments. The entire amount of grand jury presentments, in 1844, was £38,250. In mountainous districts the applotments are made by what are called reduced ploughlands, each being divided into 60 acres, called reduced acres ; but these ploughlands are determined rather by their proportionable quality and value than by their superficial extent ; for the larger they are, the coarser and less fertile ; the smallest being the most fruitful. In the military arrangements, that part of the county south of the river Flesk is included in the Cork district, the other part to the north of the river being in the Limerick district. There are a barrack station for infantry at Tralee, affording accommodation for 17 officers and 456 non-commissioned officers and men ; and two batteries on the islands of Carrigue and Tarbert, each mounting six '24-pounders and containing bomb-proof barracks for about 20 men.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 7

48. Coast-guard station on Long Island

    near Long Island · townland · Cork

    A coast-guard station was maintained on Long Island near Skull, along with another at Skull itself, reflecting the maritime significance of Roaring Water Bay.

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    Horse Island, about a mile and a half distant. The ore found at Cappach and Horse Island is very pure. The same company, in 1S35, opened e.\tensive slate-quarries at Audley's Cove and at Filemuck, in this parish, in which .lOO men were constantly employed : the slate is of e-xcellent quality, compact, hard, and durable ; and great quantities were sent to London and other English markets, where it was in great demand. Trials for copper ore and slate have also been made with success in various other parts of the parish, and new mines have been opened, the working of which is highly beneficial, by providing employment to the dense population of this wild and hitherto almost unknown portion of the county. The mines and quarries of the company, situated close to the shores of Roaring-'Water bay, upon a small creek called Audley's Cove, have been abandoned ; but the mine of Cosheen, on Skull harbour, is still worked, and produces the very finest ore. The bay is accessible to vessels of 600 tons' burthen : the harbour of Skull is well sheltered, the ground level, and the water in the anchorage averaging from three to four fathoms ; the entrance is perfectly safe, and at all times practicable, there being only one rock, which is situated nearly in the centre and is dry at two hours' ebb. A new line of road parallel with the shore, and leading from Skibbereen to Rock Island and Crookhaven, has been constructed, and will materially benefit the trade of the place. The village contains about 100 houses, several of which are modern and well built ; and has a receiving-house for letters in conne.xion with Skibbereen. A fair for cattle, sheep, and pigs, is held at Skull on the .5th of January ; and fairs are also held in the village of Ballydehob, which see. A constabulary police force is stationed here, and also at Ballydehob ; coast-guard stations are kept up on Long Island and at Skull. A manorial court is held at Lemcon every third Monday, at which debts under £5 are recoverable ; there is an ecclesiastical manor belonging to the bishop, for which a court is held occasionally ; and a third court is held by the seneschal of the manor of Ballydehob. Pettysessions are held at Ballydehob every alternate week.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 286

49. Coast survey around Hook lighthouse for asylum harbour

    Hook · parish · Wexford

    The commissioners made a complete survey and published a chart of the coast for 12 miles east and west of Hook lighthouse, aiming to make Waterford better known to mariners as an asylum harbour.

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    The quay, in the centre of which is the custom-house, a neat and commodious building, presents a very brilliant appearance at night, having two ranges of gas-lights, of which that on the verge of the quay is provided by the Harbour Commissioners out of the fees and emoluments of the water-bailiff's office, by agreement with the corporation ; the benefit of these lights has been experienced in a very high degree by vessels loading and unloading by night. The commissioners have established a quay and river watch, which has been very useful in the protection of property and the preservation of human life : it appears that, since its establishment in 1822, not less than 300 persons have been saved from drowning ; and scarcely a night passes, when it is dark and boisterous, without a life being saved. They have also made a complete survey, and published a chart, of the coast for 12 miles to the east and west of Hook lighthouse, for the purpose of making Waterford more known to mariners as an asylum harbour. A dredgevessel is at work, to clear the mud from the quays and river, and render the accommodation to the shipping still better than heretofore. The port affords peculiar

    W ATE

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 383

50. Codrum encampment with subterranean cavern

    Codrum · townland · Cork

    On the lands of Codrum are the remains of an encampment containing a spacious subterranean cavern whose full extent has never been ascertained. Pieces of iron and other metal, much corroded and apparently ancient, have been found there.

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    On the lands of Codrum, about half a mile to the west of the town, is a large stone of clay-slate, inserted in a wall on the road side, with the following inscription still letrible: d.e.o.c. 1686, h.f. fecit. ; implying that Donald, Earl of Clancarty, caused the wall to be erected. On the same lands are the remains of an encampment, in which is a spacious subterranean cavern, the extent of which has not been ascertained ; pieces of iron and other metal, much corroded, and apparently 2P2

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 123

51. Codrum inscription stone of Earl of Clancarty, 1686

    Codrum · townland · Cork · 1686

    On the lands of Codrum, about half a mile west of Macroom town, a large clay-slate stone set in a roadside wall bears the inscription 'D.E.O.C. 1686, H.F. FECIT', indicating that Donald, Earl of Clancarty, caused the wall to be built.

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    On the lands of Codrum, about half a mile to the west of the town, is a large stone of clay-slate, inserted in a wall on the road side, with the following inscription still letrible: d.e.o.c. 1686, h.f. fecit. ; implying that Donald, Earl of Clancarty, caused the wall to be erected. On the same lands are the remains of an encampment, in which is a spacious subterranean cavern, the extent of which has not been ascertained ; pieces of iron and other metal, much corroded, and apparently 2P2

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 123

52. Coins and ancient spur found near Monaghan

    Monaghan · town · Monaghan

    Several silver coins were found in Monaghan, including a curious coin of one of the Henries and a well-preserved coin of James I. An ancient brass spur, similar to examples in Trinity College Dublin's museum, was dug up in a meadow near the river.

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    A large house in the Diamond is said to occupy the site of an ancient castle ; and in the rear of it are some old walls, said to be the remains of the abbey : the cemetery attached appears to have been very extensive. In levelling the ground in front of the old gaol, human bones and a skull of unusually large size were discovered. On the summit of the hill to the north of the town, and near the site of the new gaol, was a small mound of earth, marking the site of the fortress built by Sir Edward Blayney for the protection of the town, and noticed by Sir John Davies as serving both for a garrison and a gaol. Several silver coins have been found, among which were a curious coin of one of the Henrys, and a larger coin of James I., which is in good preservation ; and in a meadow near the river was dug up, some years since, an ancient brass spur, similar to those in the museum of Trinity College, Dublin. On the townland of Lisard, about two miles to the southwest of the town, is a perfect fort, with a rampart and fosse ; it is situated on an eminence commanding the surrounding country.

    MONAMINTRA, an ancient parish, in the union of Waterford, barony of Gaultier, county of Waterford, and province of Munster, 4 miles (S. S. E.) from Waterford j containing 100 inhabitants, and comprising 357 statute acres. — See the article on Monemointer, or Ballycloghy.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 164

53. Coins and skeletons found at Moore Park Castle field

    Moorepark · townland · Cork

    In the part of the Moore Park demesne called the Castle field, numerous copper and silver coins and some human skeletons have been discovered. The finds point to earlier occupation or conflict at the site.

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    The LtviNG is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, episcopally united to the vicarages of Kilcrumper, Macrony, and Leitrim, by act of council, in 1692, together constituting the union of Kilworth, in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in W. Charters, Esq. The tithe rent-charge is £255, one-half payable to the impropriator and the other to the vicar ; the vicarial tithe of the whole union is £637. 10. The glebe-house, situated in the parish of Kilcrumper, was erected in 1821, by the incumbent, assisted by a gift of £100 and a loan of £1300 from the Board of First Fruits, in 1820; attached to it are 34 acres of glebe, and there are 10 more acres in the union. The church, an old structure, has been thoroughly repaired by a grant of £371 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, which, with the exception of part of the parish of Kilcrumper, attached to the district of Fermoy, is co-extensive with the union of the Established Church : the parochial chapel, at Kilworth, is a neat and spacious edifice ; and there is a chapel at Coolmahon, in the parish of Macrony. The parochial school is supported by the interest of a bequest of £500 by the Rev. Dr. Moore, a late incumbent, and an annual donation from the vicar : the school-house, a neat building, has 2 acres of land rent-free attached to it. Another school is chiefly supported by Lady Mountcashel, who also patronises a Sunday school ; and there is a large national school-house, erected in the Roman Catholic chapel-yard in 1833. A dispensary and fever hospital have been opened for the poor. In that part of the demesne of Moore Park called the Castle field, numerous copper and silver coins, and some human skeletons, have been found. There are several ancient raths in the parish, under some of which appear to be chambers. Kilworth gives the inferior title of Baron to the family of Moore, earls of Mountcashel.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

54. College House, Youghal

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1464

    College House in Youghal is a modern quadrilateral building owned by the Duke of Devonshire, replacing an ancient house built in 1464. It retains an ancient mantel-piece from the old house in its great hall.

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    near the church, and, with the exception of some of the windows which have been modernised, preserves its antique character of pointed gables and spacious chimneys, and is considered a perfect specimen of the EUzabethan style of architecture. The drawing-room is panelled with polished oak superbly carved ; the mantelpiece is an elaborate and exquisite specimen of carved work in the richest designs, the lower cornice resting upon three beautiful figures representing Faith, Hope, and Charity, and the whole embellished with a profusion of richly carved figures and emblematical devices. In removing the panelling of one of the rooms, some years since, an aperture in the wall was discovered in which were found several old books. One, bound in oak, and printed at Mantua in 1479, consisted of two parts, one in black letter, a History of the Bible, with coloured initials; the other part, printed at Strasburgh in 14S3, is Peter Comestor's Ecclesiastical History, translated by John Schallus, professor of physic at Hernfield, dedicated to Prince Gonzales : it is now in the possession of Mathew Hayman, Esq., of South Abbey. The demesne of Myrtle Grove is remarkable for the luxuriant growth of myrtles, bays, the arbutus, and other exotics, in the open air, some of which have attained the height of twenty feet. In the garden of these grounds the potato, brought by Sir W. Raleigh from America, was planted ; but, from an erroneous opinion that the apple which grew on the stalk was the sole produce of the plant, it was gathered and rejected ; and it was not till some time after, when the ground was dug for another crop, that the potatoes were discovered and the value of the plant appreciated ; from these few plants the whole country was in course of time stocked. College House, the property of the Duke of Devonshire, is a handsome modern edifice, the ancient house built in 1464 having been taken down; it is a quadrilateral building with a circular tower at each angle : in the great hall is preserved one of the ancient mantel-pieces of the old house, of the same character but not of such elaborate workmanship as that at Myrtle Grove. The grounds are ornamented with myrtles, bay-trees, and the arbutus. The other gentlemen's residences are, Green Park; Chfton, of Sir Wm. Homan, Bart. ; Bellevue ; Nelson Hill ; Muckridge ; Brooklodge ; Healthfield ; and Rockville ; besides numerous large and handsome houses in the town.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 414

55. College of St. Mary founded at Maynooth 1518

    Maynooth · town · Kildare · 1518–1568

    The tenth earl of Kildare established a college at Maynooth in 1518, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, with a provost, fellows, clerks, and boys who prayed for the founder. At the suppression of religious houses it held seventeen messuages and 434 acres, later granted to the earl by patent of Elizabeth in 1568.

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    A college was established by the tenth earl of Kildare in 1518: it was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, and consisted of a provost, vice-provost, five fellows, two clerks, and three boys ; part of whose duty it was to pray for the founder and his family while living, and after their death. The foundation was duly confirmed in the same year by the king and the archbishop ; and in 1521, the prebend of Maynooth or Laraghbryan was annexed to the provostship, and the fruits of the vicarage transferred to the funds of the college. A pair of organs were presented to this house by the Lord Deputy in 1537 ; and at the suppression of all the religious houses, the college of St. Mary was possessed of seventeen messuages and 434 acres of land in several places, besides the college lands, various houses, and the tithe and glebe of the rectory of Killenagh ; which were all granted to the earl of Kildare by a patent of Elizabeth, dated February 13, 156S.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 142

56. Collegiate church of St. Mary, Youghal

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1557

    The ruined chancel of the collegiate church of St. Mary preserves a six-light east window with flowing tracery and a canopied niche inscribed 'Hic jacet Thomas Fleming.' The church contains numerous monuments including those of the Uniacke family (dated 1557), the Smyth family of Ballinatra, and mural tablets to the Hayman family.

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    The .\NTiauiTiEs may in conclusion be noticed. The western gable and some of the eastern portions of the Dominican friary, at the north end of the town, still remain. The chancel of the collegiate church of St. Mary, now in ruins, affords a good specimen of its former magnificence ; the east window of si.x lights is 683

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 415

57. Collegiate Church of St. Mary, Youghal

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1464

    Founded in 1464 by the Earl of Desmond, this collegiate church in Youghal is a magnificent Gothic structure with a lofty tower. Its south transept contains ancient monuments of the Desmond and Boyle families, though they are fast decaying.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, formerly anne.\ed to the Wardenship of the College of St. Mary, Youghal, as united in perpetuity to the see of Cloyne by act of council in 1639, but separated from it by an act obtained by the late Dr. Brinkley ; it now forms a distinct living, but the wardenship is still annexed to the bishopric, and the Bishop is patron of the rectory. The tithe rentcharge is £390. 17. 6. The collegiate establishment was founded in 1464, by Thomas, Earl of Desmond, and consisted, as before stated, of a warden, eight fellows, aud eight choristers. It was endowed with the parishes of Agher, Moyallow, Newtown, and Olehan, to which were subsequently added those of Ardagh, Clonpriest, Garrivoe, Ightermurragh, Kilcredan, and Killeagh, and the vicarage of Kilmacdonough, in the diocese of Cloyne, and four others in that of Ardfert ; of all which the duties were performed by the warden and fellows. The collegiate church was a magnificent structure in the enriched Gothic style of architecture, 682

    YOUG

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 414

58. Collegiate church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Kilmallock

    Kilmallock · town · Limerick · 1657

    The church of St. Peter and St. Paul at Kilmallock, formerly collegiate, is an ancient structure built in various styles of English architecture. Its nave, aisles, and south transept have been roofless since 1657 when Cromwell partly destroyed the church; the choir remains fitted for divine service.

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    Kilmallock is in the diocese of Limerick ; the rectory is appropriate to the vicars-choral of the cathedral of Limerick, and the vicarage to the dean and chapter, to whom it was granted in 16/4 by royal charter, which also united it to the rectory of Kilbreedy-Major, and to the rectories and vicarages of Particles, liallin^ddy, and Athnassy, together forming the economy fund of the cathedral. The parochial duties are performed by a stipendiary curate, who receives £90 per annum from the dean and chajiter. The tithe rent-charge is £22.">, of which £150 are payable to the lessee of the vicarschoral, and the remainder to the economy fund ; the aggregate tithe for the union of the economy fund is £603. 18. 6. There is no glebe-house ; the glebe lands of the union comprise 89i acres, of which Ih^ are in this parish. The chuucu, dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul, and formerly collegiate, is an ancient and spacious structure, built in various successive styles of English architecture, and consisting of a nave, aisles, and south transept, which have been roofless since 1657, when the church was partly destroyed by Cromwell, and of a spacious and lofty choir, which is fitted up for divine service. The nave is separated from the aisles by a series of massive square pillars, supporting lofty pointed arches, and the choir has an east window combining five lancet-shaped lights. In the aisles and transept are altar-tombs to the Fitzgeralds, Verdons, Ilealcys, Blakeneys, and Coppingers ; they are generally of the 17th century, and rudely sculptured ; the figures are sunk, and the inscriptions in relief. In the choir is a handsome monument to the family of Coote, of Castle Coote. The exterior of the church is embattled, and at the west end of the north aisle is an ancient round tower, pierced with numerous windows, and differing greatly from others of that class. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Tankardstown, Ballingaddy, and Kilquane, and parts of the parishes of Bulgadine and Uregare ; and containing two chapels, situated at Kilmallock and Ballingaddy. The chapel in the town is a spacious building, erected in 1814, and subsequently enlarged : that at Ballingaddy is two miles from the town, and near it are the ruins of a former chapel, the cemetery of which, still used as a burialground, has been planted with trees by Mr. Conte, of Mount -Coote. The male and female parochial schools are held in the castle belonging to the late corporation, and are chiefly supported by the dean and chapter, by whom they have been endosved with about an acre of land, and by subscriptions. The union workhouse, on a site of seven acres purchased for £587, was completed in 1840, at an expense of £7000, and is constructed to contain 800 paupers.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

59. Colonel Forde's Almshouses at Seaforde

    near Seaforde · population centre · Down · 1828

    Colonel Forde erected six almshouses at Seaforde in 1828 to provide for aged widows. He endowed these charitable institutions with £60 per annum.

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    SEAFORDE, a village, in the parish of Loughin- IsLANn, union of Downpatrick, barony of Kinelarty, county of Down, and province of Ulster, I mile {N.) from Clough ; on the roads leading respectively from Downpatrick to Newry, and from Dundrum to Ballinahinch ; containing 394 inhabitants. This village, which was anciently called Neaghen, is small, but very handsomely built, consisting of one principal street, from the centre of which a smaller street branches off at right angles. At its northern extremity is a gateway of freestone, consisting of a centre and two side openings ; and near this is a chaste Grecian lodge of freestone, forming an entrance into the extensive demesne of Seaforde, the seat of the Forde family. The mansion, which is situated in the centre of the parish, was destroyed by fire in 1816, and rebuilt in IHIQ in a style of sumptuous elegance ; the demesne is finely undulated, and comprises 1060 acres, richly planted, and embellished with a large and picturesque lake. The manor of Seaforde extends over the whole of the parish, with the exception only of the townland of Clough ; and a court is held every three weeks before the seneschal, in which debts to the amount of £2 are recoverable : petty-sessions are also held on alternate Tuesdays ; and fairs on March 7th, June 9th, Sept. 4th, and Dec. 6th. A receiving-house for letters here is under Clough. The parish church, a handsome ediBce, is situated in the village ; and there is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly ; also six almshouses, erected in 1828 by Colonel Forde, who endowed them with £60 per annum, for aged widows ; and some schools, the particulars of which are stated in the article on Loughin-Island. Vol. II. — 505

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 273

60. Colonel Keating's mansion burnt in 1798

    Narraghmore · townland · Kildare · 1798

    During the disturbances of 1798, the unfinished mansion-house of Colonel Keating at Narraghmore was burnt by the king's troops during operations against the insurgents. It was never rebuilt and remained in ruins, with a richly wooded demesne.

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    The parish, which is situated on the river Griese, a branch of the Barrow, and on the road from Dublin to Castledermot, comprises I'J.^JO statute acres. The lands are chiefly under tillage and pasture ; the soil is good, and the system of agriculture is improving ; the chief crops are potatoes, oats, wheat, and barley ; there is no waste land, but a large tract of bog. The manor was originally granted to Robert Fitz-Richard, one of the earliest English settlers, who was created Lord of Narragh, and built the castle in the reign of Henry U. : it formed for some time a palatine barony belonging to the Wellesley family ; and at a later period became the property of the Keatings. During the disturbances of 1798, the mansion-house of Colonel Keating, a building not then finished, was burnt by the king's troops in their operations against the insurgents ; it has never been rebuilt, and is in ruins : the demesne is very extensive, and richly wooded. The village contains Ti houses. The cotton manufacture is carried on at Inchiquin mills, in which a number of persons are employed in spinning and weaving by hand and power looms. A fair is held in the village on the 28th of March, and a constabulary police station has been established there. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, and in the patronage of the Archbishop : the tithe rentcharge is £484. 12. The glebe-house, built in 1818, by a gift of £100 and a loan of £1275 from the Board of First Fruits, is a handsome house in tastefully disposed grounds; the glebe comprises 12 acres of cultivated land, near the church. The church is a small building, for the repair of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £127. In the Roman Cathohc divisions the parish is the head of a district comprising the parishes of Narraghmore and Davidstown, and parts of those of Fontstown and Dunlavin : there are two chapels, one at Crookstown and the other at Kilmead.

    NATHLASH, or St. Nicholas, a parish, in the union and barony of Fermoy, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 1 mile (S.) from Kildorrery, and 382

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 195