A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Knockarley river's shifting bed from mountain floods

   Knockarley · townland · Offaly

   The Knockarley river, fed by rapid mountain streams, occasionally rises several feet during floods and has completely changed its bed, defying efforts to confine it to its original channel.

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   The Bros7ia, formerly called Brosmog, rises in the county of Westmeath, and running westward by Ballycumber and Farbane, discharges itself into the Shannon, which forms the entire western boundary of the county, separating it from Connaught. The county is bounded for a short distance on the north-east by the river Boyne ; the Barrow separates it from the Queen's county, in the neighbourhood of Portarlington ; the Feagile separates it from Kildare, a little above Monastereven. The LesserBrostta, which joins the Shannon below Banagher, is the boundary between this county and Tipperary for a distance of seven miles, and has been rendered navigable from the Shannon to about two miles above Riverstown bridge, for small turf boats. This interesting little river, from Riverstown bridge down to the Shannon, is also the boundary between the provinces of Leinster and Munster, so that at the mouth of the Lesser Brosna is the junction of three provinces and three counties. Through numerous glens in the hilly district descend rapid mountain streams, which only flow in wet weather ; the fall of their waters is generally as sudden as their rise. Many of them are discharged into Knockarley river, which sometimes appears but an inconsiderable stream, but when swelled by the mountain floods becomes of great magnitude, occasionally rising several feet and carrying away every thing on its banks : its bed has been completely changed in consequence of the violence of these floods, which bafile all the art and labour expended in endeavouring to confine the river to its original channel. The Grand Canal enters the county near Edenderry, and continues its

   KING

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

2. Knockavilly new church consecrated 1844

   Knockavilly · parish · Cork · 1844

   A newly erected church at Knockavilly was consecrated in May 1844 on a site given by the rector, the Rev. W. L. Beaufort. It cost £666, of which £566 came from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.

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   KNOCKAVILLY, or Knockaville, a parish, in the union of Bandon, partly in the barony of Kin- NALEA, but chiefly in that of East Muskerry, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 5 miles (N. N. E.) from Bandon, on the road to Cork; containing '20*8 inhabitants. It comprises 6'210 statute acres. The land is generally good, although light and based on clay-slate, and is admirably cultivated ; the manure is Lme brought from Ahirlow, or sea-sand from Innishannon. The principal seats are, Upton, the residence of the Rev. Somers H. Payne, who has erected a handsome barrack for a party of constabulary police in his demesne ; Garryhankard ; and Beechmount. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Cork ; the tithe rent-charge is £487. 10., and the glebe comprises 54 acres of excellent land. Divine service, hitherto performed in a room licensed by the bishop, is now celebrated in a church, recently erected, and consecrated in May, 1844 ; it stands in the glebe, on a site given by the rector, the Rev. W. L. Beaufort, and was built at an expense of £666, whereof £566 were from the funds of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions Knockavilly forms part of the district of Innishannon, and has a large handsome chapel. Here is a parochial school of 40 children, which Mr. Justin M'^Carty has endowed with an acre of land, and to which the rector contributes £10, and the Church Education Society £5, annually ; also a Sunday school.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 61

3. Knockcloghrim basalt hill and panoramic views

   near Knockcloghrim · population centre · Derry

   Knockcloghrim is a bold, almost detached basalt rock that rises to a considerable height and shows indications of columnar formation. From the hill, which was planted by Mr. Bates, there is an extensive and splendid panoramic prospect over five different counties.

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   and surrounding the protruding rocks, the soil is mostly sharp, warm, and triable, and, being suflicieutly deep, is the best for the produetion of the staple crops raised here. Towards the Mayola the red sandstone appears ; and intermediately between it and the basalt of the higher lands, the soil is generally of superior quality. In some parts the soil is indifferent. Knockcloghrim is a bold and almost detached rock of basalt, which rises to a considerable height and is difficult of access ; it has some indications of the columnar formation, and is a conspicuous object from every part of the barony. From Knockcloghrim hill the prospect is one of the most extensive and splendid in the province, the point of view being central and at an elevation of about 350 feet, over a vast amphitheatre of from ten to thirty or forty miles, studded with gentlemen's demesnes, rivers, lakes, and churches, and extending to or embracing the mountains and other elevated lands of five different counties. Mr. Bates, as already observed, has l)lautcd this hill ; and is preparing to clear off the decayed rocks, so as to exhibit the columnar formations in some of the most conspicuous parts. The principal seats are Clover Hill and Knockcloghrim, the latter the residence of Mr. Bates.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 329

4. Knockcroghery village and tobacco-pipe manufacture

   Knockcroghery · townland · Roscommon

   Knockcroghery is a village of 46 houses built on a hill, with a population of 163. The manufacture of tobacco-pipes is carried on to a considerable extent there.

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   KNOCKCROGHERY, a village, in the parish of KiLLENVOY, barony of Athlone, union and county of Roscommon, and province of Connaught, .5 miles (S. E.) from Roscommon ; containing 163 inhabitants. It consists of 46 houses, built on a hill ; and has fairs on Aug. 'Z^nd and Oct. -i.'jth, the latter of which is a large sheep-fair. Here is a constabulary police station ; and the manufacture of tobacco-pipes is carried on to a considerable extent.

   KNOCKEA.— See Cahirvallagh.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 62

5. Knockdrin Castle and rath-crowned hill

   Knockdrin · townland · Westmeath

   Knockdrin Castle, the handsome residence of Sir Richard Levinge, Bart., is a castellated Gothic house situated in a demesne with an extensive lake. The demesne includes the high hill of Knockdrin, crowned by a large rath and covered with plantations.

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   was bravely defeiuled ; but the English horse, unexpectedly finding themselves able to pass the moory ground contiguous, changed the fortune of the day, and the victory was complete. The parish contains 15,659i statute acres, under an improving state of agriculture ; much of it is fine grazing land, and the arable produces good crops of corn and potatoes : there are about 400 acres of bog, with some limestone and black stone. Petty-sessions are held on alternate Tuesdays at Knockdrin. In the parish are several seats, among which is Knockdrin Castle, the handsome residence of Sir Richard Levinge, Bart. ; the house, which is castellated and of Gothic architecture, is situated in a demesne adorned with an extensive lake, and including the high hill of Knockdrin, crowned by a large rath, and covered with plantations. The other seats are, Clonlost, the ancient family seat of the Nugenfs ; Reynella, the elegant residence of the late R. M. Reynell, Esq., situated in a fine demesne with a lake and extensive plantations ; Cooksborough, the mansion of the Cooke family ; Killymon ; and Rathconnell.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 246

6. Knock Eyne and Knockross on Lough Derveragh

   Knockdrin · townland · Westmeath

   Knock Eyne and Knockross, on the shores of Lough Derveragh, have on their sides much stunted oak and brushwood, the remains of ancient forests. Knock Eyne is about 850 feet high.

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   The SURFACE of the county, though nowhere rising into tracts of considerable elevation, is much diversified by hill and dale, is highly picturesque in many parts, and deficient in none of the essentials of rural beauty. In its scenery it ranks ne.\t after Kerry, Wicklow, Fermanagh, and Waterford. None of the hills are so high as to be incapable of agricultural improvement. Knock Eyne and Knockross, on the shores of Lough Dtreveragh, have on their sides much stunted oak and brushwood, the remains of ancient forests; the former of these hills is about S50 feet high. The Ben of Fore, near the village of Fore, is 760 feet high. The lakes are picturesque and very numerous, and mostly situated in the northern and central parts, the southern being flat and overspread with bog. The largest and most southern of the lakes is Lough Innel or linni:l, now called also Belvidere lake : it is 1^ mile from Mullingar, and is studded with eight islands, the chief of which, called Fort Island or Dysart Island, was garrisoned and used as a magazine by the Irish in the war of 1641, and was twice taken by the parliamentary forces, and ultimately retained by them till the Restoration. The names of the others are Shan Oge's, Goose, Inchycroan, Cormorant, Cherry, Chapel, and Green Island. The Brosua passes through the lake from north to south. To the north of this lake is Lough Hoi/le, Foiile, Quel, or Owet, in the

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   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 390

7. Knocklaide mountain in Ramoan parish

   near Knocklayd · mountain or mountain range · Antrim

   Knocklaide is one of the highest mountains in County Antrim, with its summit 1685 feet above sea level, half within Ramoan parish and half in Armoy. It affords good pasturage and features a chalybeate spring on the lands of Drumans.

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   RAMOAN, or Rathmoran, a parish, in the barony of Carey, union of Ballycastle, county of Antrim, and province of Ulster ; containing, with the posttown of Ballycastle (which is separately described), 480" inhabitants. This place, called also Rathmona, signifying " the fort in the bog," is situated on the seashore, and forms the western boundary of Ballycastle bay. The coast, consisting of bold precipitous cliffs, is here too abrupt to afford a convenient landing-place, except the quay at Ballycastle, which was constructed at considerable expense, though now in a dilapidated state. The parish comprises 12,0665 statute acres, principally under cultivation ; the system of agriculture is highly improved, but, the lands in several parts being very much exposed, the wheat does not ripen well. The quality of the soil differs much, but it is in general productive, and the extensive mountain of Knocklaide affords good pasturage : the mountain is one of the highest in the county, half being within this parish, and the other half in that of Armoy ; its summit is 16S5 feet above the level of the sea at low water. There are considerable tracts of bog near the Coleraine road, and of waste land in the line towards the Giants' Causeway, and near the base of Knocklaide. Coal of excellent quality is found, but no mines have been opened, though the collieries in the adjoining parish of Culfeightrim, usually known as the Ballycastle collieries, were formerly worked on a considerable scale. Superior freestone, in colour and grain equal to Portland stone, is quarried here, but not to any great extent. The spinning of linen-yarn, and the weaving of cloth, are carried on in some of the farmhouses. A market and fairs, and courts leet and baron, are held at Ballycastle. The chief seats are Clare Park and Glenbank.

   The LIVING was formerly a vicarage united to that of

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 243

8. Knocklane hill and its fortification remains

   Knocklane · hill or hills · Sligo

   Knocklane is described as a romantic hill not far from the western shore, with remains of fortifications beneath it. The blowing sands of Knocklane extend northward from the nearby village.

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   east and south-west, and is partly dry at spring tides ; and off the south end, the Bird Rocks, about two cables' length from the shore. A pier has been erected by government, which affords great accommodation to vessels trading with Sligo, and to the boats engaged in the fisheries off this coast, in which more than '200 persons are occasionally employed ; large quantities of seamanure arc landed at the pier, which is within half a mile of the nearest public road, and a coast-guard station is placed here, forming one of the five that constitute the district of Sligo. The village contains 33 dwellings, most of which are thatched cabins. Near it is Rockley Lodge. Not far from the western shore is the romantic hill of Knocklane, under which are some remains of fortifications ; and on the eastern shore, about half a mile from the village, are the ruins of the castle of Artarmon, now deeply buried in the sand, the ancient residence of the Gore family. The blowing sands of Knocklane extend northward from the village, and are about two miles long and two broad ; they have already covered a great tract of good land and about 150 cabins, and are C(mstantly in motion, giving a dreary and desolate appearance to the country around. On the western shore is a remarkable chasm in the limestone rock, called the Pigeon Holes, and by the peasantry the Punch Bowls ; into these the sea rushes with impetuosity, and in rough weather the water is forced upwards to a considerable height. Close to the shore is a chalybeate spring of great strength, which is sometimes covered by the tide.

   RAVEN, Wexford. — See St. Margaret.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 256

9. Knocklong Castle ruins, seat of the O'Hurleys

   Knocklong · town · Limerick

   The ruins of Knocklong Castle stand on an eminence commanding very extensive views. It was the seat of the O'Hurleys, and near it are the remains of a church.

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   very good, being based on limestone, of which then- arc two quarries ; here is also abundance of bog. A buttermarket is held on Tuesdays ; and fairs are held at Knocklong on May '23rd and Oct. 1st, for fat-cattle, sheep, and pigs ; the October fair has a large show of horses : fairs are also held at Knocktoran, on March 3rd, April 6th, July 29th, Nov. 1st, and Dec. '20th. The Moruing-Star river, which bounds the parish on the southern side, contains very fine trout. Knocklong is a vicarage, in the diocese of Emly, forming part of the union of Aiiey ; the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Limerick, and the tithe rent-charge is £.316. 19-. two-thirds payable to the impropriator, and one-third to the vicar. There is a glebe of 6 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, and has chapels at Knocklong and Glenbrohanc. The ruins of Knocklong Castle are on an eminence commanding very extensive views ; it was the seat of the O Hurleys, and near it are the remains of a church. In the grounds of Ryves Castle is an ancient burialground, with a lofty and handsome vault for the Lowe family, who were formerly proprietors of the castle. The Clangibbon family, also, had here the castle of Ballinahinch.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 62

10. Knockmajor enclosure and Wildfield antiquarian finds

    Knockmajor · townland · Kilkenny

    On the hill of Knockmajor is a small circular inclosure. In the valley beneath towards Wildfield many old spearheads have been found, and the late Mr. Ellis found a gold ornament or bodkin supposed to have been worn by ancient Celtic chieftains.

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    MUCKALEE, or Muckully, a parish, in the barony of Fassadining, union and county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (S.) from Castlecomer, on the road to Kilkenny, and on the river Dinin ; containing 1101 inhabitants. From the similarity of name, and its situation, it is supposed that this place was the Magh-ailbee where, according to Keating, Cormac, King of Munster, the King of Ossory, and various other chieftains, were slain in 913. A battle appears to have been fought in the vicinity, as a burial-ground is marked by a number of upright stones, south-east of Purcell's hill, where the slain were interred. The parish comprises 3*06 statute acres. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Dunmore ; the rectory is impropriate in the corporation of Kilkenny, and the tithe rent-charge is £112. 10., of which £75 are payable to the corporation, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions Muckalee forms part of the district of Templeorum. On the neighbouring hill of Knockmajor is a small circular inclosure ; in the valley beneath, towards Wildfield, many old spearheads have been found, and the late Mr. Ellis found here in digging, a gold ornament, or bodkin, supposed to be one of those worn by the ancient Celtic chieftains to fasten their cloaks. Yellow ochre, of a soft quality, is found at Wildfield ; there is a weak chalybeate spring near the church of Coolcullen.

    MUCKAMORE, a grange, in the barony of Lower Massereene, union and county of Antrim, and province of Ulster, 1 mile (S. E.) from Antrim ; containing 1740 inhabitants. This place, anciently lilach-airi-mar, or the " Great Field of Adoration," is situated on the Six-mile-water ; and comprises 3921^ statute acres, exclusively of 1519 acres covered by Lough Neagh. It

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 185

11. Knockmealdown mountain and its picturesque glens

    near Knockmealdown Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Waterford

    The high mountain of Knockmealdown stands conspicuously north of Lismore, with picturesque glens descending from its sides to the Blackwater. Its summit commands a prospect of great extent and magnificence.

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    inlet rises the elevated tract called the Drum mountain, which divides the old territory of Decies into Decies within and without Drum. This mountain comprises a large tract of land, much of it already cultivated, and all capable of considerable improvement : the summit is a table-land extending about twelve miles in length and from four to five in breadth, and comprising about 25,000 acres. The mountain is supposed by some to have anciently belonged to the proprietors of the surrounding estates, in common ; by others, in consequence of its inferior value, to have never been appropriated ; while a favourite notion among the common people is, that it was reserved by Queen Anne for the relief of the poor, of whom great numbers have made settlements on small plots of it. The barony of Decies-within-Drum was cut off by this tract from the rest of the county, and was formerly accessible only by a circuitous route, or by attempting the mountain passes, which were impassable by a loaded carriage. Consequently, the produce of the land could be conveyed to the neighbouring markets only by sending it coastwise in boats, or employing horses, that carried it on their backs over the difficult and dangerous pathways. The mountain tract was lately decided to be the property of Henry Villiers Stuart, Esq., now Lord Stuart de Decies. Some of the finest scenes are presented by the shores of the Blackwater, throughout its course in the western part of the county ; wooded heights generally bordering the broad and navigable stream on each side, and the whole being enriched by castles, seats, and villages. The general superiority of Coshmore and Coshbride, in cultivation and pleasing scenery, has procured for the barony the designation of " the garden of the county." The other western parts of the county, including the small barony of Glenahiery (so called from the glen of the Nier, a small river which descends through it into the Suir), has for the most part an elevated and uninteresting character, except where the high mountain of Knockmeledown stands conspicuous to the north of Lismore and has some picturesque glens descending from its sides to the Blackwater : its summit commands a prospect of great extent and magnificence.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 374

12. Knocknarea mountain on the Sligo peninsula

    near Knocknarea · mountain or mountain range · Sligo

    Knocknarea is a mountain of considerable elevation with a wide-spread base, situated on the peninsula formed by the estuaries of the Sligo and Ballysadere rivers. It is described as a very striking object from every point of view.

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    The SURFACE is much varied. Near the sea-coast are extensive plains backed by lofty mountains. The interior is hilly, with several lakes interspersed, and with some rivers which, though not of great length or size, add much to the beauty of the scenery by their romantic borders and precipitous currents. The western part of the county, which stretches along the southern shore of Donegal bay, is chiefly bog, backed by a range of lofty hills. Btnbulben, in the north, is not more remarkable for its great elevation than for the singularity of its shape : it forms the western extremity of a range extending from Lough Erne ; its northern side is nearly perpendicular ; the only access to its summit, which is a table-land of some extent and covered with a rich variety of plants, is by the south. Thence to the town of Sligo the country is an extensive plain richly cultivated. Knocknaree, a mountain of considerable elevation and with a wide-spread base, situated on the peninsula formed by the estuaries of the Sligo and Ballysadere rivers, is a very striking object in every point nf view. The Ox mountains extend along the western verge of the county into Mayo : the whole of the south of the county is rugged and hilly, rising into the high range of the Curlews on the border of Roscommon. There are three lakes remarkable alike for size and beauty. The most northern is Lough GUI, near the town of Sligo, on the east ; it is about nine miles long and three broad, and studded with islands, some of which are richly wooded, while others present an expanse of verdant meadow. Of these islands two are inhabited ; namely, Innismore, called also Church Island, from the remains of a monastic building, the cemetery of which is still used as a place of interment and where the incumbent of St. John's, on his presentation, still takes possession ; and Cottage Island, so called from a beautiful modern lodge erected on it. Besides these, there are 16 islands uninhabited, all more or less wooded. Lough Arrow, nearly of the same size as the preceding, but more irregular in its outline, and equally remarkable for the variety of its scenery, contains the three islands of Innismore, Innisbeg, and Annaghgowla : there is fine fishing in this lake in April and May. At the southern extremity of the county, and forming part of its boundary on the side of Roscommon, is Lough Guru, equally picturesque and irregular, and also studded with islands, the chief of which are named Derrymore, Inse, Inchymore, and Inchybeg. In the Ox mountains is Louc/h Calf, or the High Lake, surrounded by cliffs that seem to have been thrown up by some extraordinary convulsion of nature. The lake, which is about a mile long by half a mile in breadth, is well stocked with trout of a small size, of which it is said that, while those which teed on one side are peculiarly ill-flavoured and misshapen, having heads exceeding the body in size, those in other parts are of good shape and flavour. Two islets near the centre are covered during the summer months with flocks of gulls and other aquatic birds. More northwards in the same range of mountains, is Lough Laskey.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 289

13. Knockpatrick church tomb of Bourke and Griflin

    Knockpatrick · townland · Limerick

    The side walls of the old church on Knockpatrick are nearly entire, though the east and west gables have disappeared. The space of the western wall is occupied by a large and curious tomb belonging to the families of Bourke and Griflin.

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    About a mile south from the town, in the parish of Kihnoylan, is Shanid Castle, one of the most impregnable of the fortresses possessed by the earls of Desmond, and from which they took their war cry of Shanid-aboo : this castle, which gives name to a baronial division of the county, occupies the top of a steep hill, and is surrounded by a strong rampart and fosse. Not far distant is a very extensive circular fort, divided by earthworks into four compartments ; but these subdivisions appear to be of later date than the original formation of the fort. A mile north from the town is Knockpatrick, said to be the highest land in the county, whence the surrounding country is seen stretching in extensive perspective, with the majestic course of the Shannon through its numerous windings to the sea. On the summit are the remains, held in great veneration, of an old church supposed to have been consecrated by St. Patrick, whose chair is shown in an adjoining field, composed of five rude unhewn stones ; and not far distant is a well dedicated to him, of which various legends are related : the side walls of this venerable edifice are nearly entire, though the east and west gables have entirely disappeared ; and the space of the w-estern wall is occupied by a large and curious tomb belonging to the families of Bourke and Griflin. From this hill are views embracing the high grounds of the counties of Tipperary, Galway, Cork, and Kerry, with the rich lands of Clare and Limerick in the foreground, and the towns of Limerick and Ennis rising beyond the expanded waters of the Shannon.

    SHANBALLYMORE, a village, in the parish of Templeroan, union of Mallow, barony of Fermoy, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 4 miles (E. S. E.) from Doneraile, on the road to Rockmills ; containing 471 inhabitants. This village, which sometimes gives name to the parish, contained, in 1841, 89 houses, mostly thatched ; also one of the two Roman Catholic chapels belonging to the district of Doneraile, a plain cruciform building. A patent exists for a fair, which is not held. Here was formerly a castle.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 276

14. Knockpatrick: conspicuous height above the Shannon

    Knockpatrick · townland · Limerick

    Knockpatrick is described as a conspicuous height situated between Shanagolden and the river Shannon in County Limerick. It forms a notable landmark in the landscape.

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    Tipperary. On the north-east the barony of Owneybeg embraces the skirts of the Slieve-Phelim mountains, which form an extensive group penetrating the interior of Tipperary. In the neighbourhood of Pallasgreine are several hills of considerable height and beauty. The Ballingarry hills, lying near the centre of the county, and rising abruptly from a fertile plain, are very conspicuous ; the principal elevation is Knockferine, a conical mountain, said to be one of the highest in the county. Another conspicuous height is Knockpatrick, between Shanagolden and the river Shannon.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 73

15. Knockpatrick: St Patrick's church, chair and well

    Knockpatrick · townland · Limerick

    A mile north of Shanagolden, Knockpatrick is said to be the highest land in County Limerick. On its summit are the remains of an old church, traditionally consecrated by St Patrick, whose chair of five rude unhewn stones is shown in an adjoining field, and a well dedicated to him with various related legends.

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    About a mile south from the town, in the parish of Kihnoylan, is Shanid Castle, one of the most impregnable of the fortresses possessed by the earls of Desmond, and from which they took their war cry of Shanid-aboo : this castle, which gives name to a baronial division of the county, occupies the top of a steep hill, and is surrounded by a strong rampart and fosse. Not far distant is a very extensive circular fort, divided by earthworks into four compartments ; but these subdivisions appear to be of later date than the original formation of the fort. A mile north from the town is Knockpatrick, said to be the highest land in the county, whence the surrounding country is seen stretching in extensive perspective, with the majestic course of the Shannon through its numerous windings to the sea. On the summit are the remains, held in great veneration, of an old church supposed to have been consecrated by St. Patrick, whose chair is shown in an adjoining field, composed of five rude unhewn stones ; and not far distant is a well dedicated to him, of which various legends are related : the side walls of this venerable edifice are nearly entire, though the east and west gables have entirely disappeared ; and the space of the w-estern wall is occupied by a large and curious tomb belonging to the families of Bourke and Griflin. From this hill are views embracing the high grounds of the counties of Tipperary, Galway, Cork, and Kerry, with the rich lands of Clare and Limerick in the foreground, and the towns of Limerick and Ennis rising beyond the expanded waters of the Shannon.

    SHANBALLYMORE, a village, in the parish of Templeroan, union of Mallow, barony of Fermoy, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 4 miles (E. S. E.) from Doneraile, on the road to Rockmills ; containing 471 inhabitants. This village, which sometimes gives name to the parish, contained, in 1841, 89 houses, mostly thatched ; also one of the two Roman Catholic chapels belonging to the district of Doneraile, a plain cruciform building. A patent exists for a fair, which is not held. Here was formerly a castle.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 276

16. Knockrath bequest of John Tate of Fannaneerin

    Knockrath · parish · Wicklow

    John Tate of Fannaneerin bequeathed lands in Knockrath valued at £100 per annum for interest-free loans and assistance to the sick, infirm, and aged poor, with £50 per annum appropriated to the dispensary.

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    been granted, together with the tithes and a large extent of land belonging to the Priory of All Saints, in that city, after the dissolution of the monasteries : the tithe rent-charge is £415. 7. 7^- The glebe-house was built in 1793, by aid of a gift of £100 and a loan of £600 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe consists of II5 acres. The old church, situated in the town, was erected in 1796, at a cost of £1600, by a privale loan and voluntary subscriptions, and by the sale of the materials of the former building : being in a dilapidated state, it has been taken down and rebuilt, at an expense of £1600, of which £1'200 were granted by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners and the remainder raised by subscription. The bell, on which there is an inscription in ancient characters, is said to have belonged to one of the churches at Glendalough. At Ballinatonc is a church for the district of Ballinaclash, which has been constituted a perpetual curacy, and there is a chapel of ease to the same at Sheanna ; also chapels of ease to Rathdrum in Knockrath and at the Meeting of the Waters, served by the curates of Rathdrum. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church : part of the Flannel-hall has been fitted up as a chapel, and a good house has been erected by Earl Fitzwilliam, near the town, as a residence for the parish priest ; there are also chapels at Clara, Moycreddin, and Grenane. The Wesleyan Methodists have a meetinghouse in the town. A dispensary was established in 1812, and there is a lending-library of about 300 volumes attached to the church. Mr. John Tate, of Fannaneerin, bequeathed lands in Knockrath, of the value of £100 per annum, to be employed in loans of £5, free of interest, for a year, and for assisting the families of the sick, infirm, and aged poor with small donations ; £50 per annum of this fund are appropriated to the dispensary. A charitable association was formed in 1S29, by subscription, to relieve the wants of the necessitous poor in their own houses, and for encouraging industry. Within a few minutes' walk of the town is the union workhouse, on a site of 5^ acres held at a rent of £10. IH. ; it was completed in 1841 at an expense of £6600, and is constructed for 600 inmates. On Drumkitt hill is a chalybeate spring of considerable efficacy.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 248

17. Knockrath castle near Rathdrum

    Rathdrum · town · Wicklow

    Knockrath near Rathdrum is listed among the remarkable English-built castle ruins in County Wicklow, indicating a district of permanent English settlement.

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    The VESTIGES of remote antiquity are comparatively few. Near Enniskerry is a small cromlech, and another is to be seen on the summit of Lugnaquilla. Raths are numerous : there are a Druidical circle and a cromlech in Donoughmore ; a cromlech at Baltinglass ; and a curiously sculptured stone at Old Court, near Bray. Besides Glendalough, a collection of monastic ruins of peculiar antiquarian interest, there were eleven religious establishments ; those of which any remains exist are at Rathdrum, Baltinglass, and Wicklow. Ruins of churches are to be seen on Slieve Gadoe near Donard, at Kilcoole, Killeskey, Kilmacanogue, Aghold, Kilbride near Arklow, Killadreeny, Kilpipe, and Templemicbael ; besides slight vestiges of several others, all situated in ancient burial-places. The native septs do not appear to have erected any strong fortresses ; those of which remains exist were built by the English, and serve now to mark the districts in which they secured a permanent footing. The most remarkable are, the Black Castle at Wicklow, Newcastle, Dunganstown, Bray, Old Court near Fassaroe, Kindlestown and Rathdown near Delgany, Carnew, Arklow, Kiltimon, Ballivolan in the parish of Killeskey, Kilcommon and Knockrath near Rathdrum, Grange near Baltinglass, and Castle-Kevin near Annamoe.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 406

18. Knock-Usneach and early religious house at Killare

    Killare · parish · Westmeath · 588

    Killare is distinguished by Knock-Usneach, a lofty isolated hill said to have been celebrated for ancient provincial assemblies of the native Irish. Camden supposed the place to be the Laberus of Ptolemy; a religious house founded here became the head of a small see, with St. Aid thought to have been bishop in 588, and there are slight remains of both the establishment and a castle founded by the Geoghegans.

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    KILLARE, a parish, in the union of Mullingar, barony of Rathconrath, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, .m the road from Mullingar to Athlone; containing, with part of the post town of Ballymore, 3990 inhabitants. This place is supposed by Camden to have been the Laberus of Ptolemy ; and is distinguished by a lofty and isolated hill, which bounds It on the north-west, called Knock-Usneach, and said to have been celebrated for the ancient provincial assemblies of the native Irish. A religious house was founded here at a very early period, and subsequently became the head of a small see, of which St. Aid is thought to have been bishop in 588 ; of this establishment, and also of a castle founded by the family of the Geoghegans, there are still some slight remains. The parish comprises l\,im statute acres: the laud is principally under

    tillage ; the system of agriculture is improving, and there is a small portion of bog. The principal seat is Mosstown, a handsome residence. Fairs and pettysessions are held at Ballymore. Killare is an impropriate curacy, in the diocese of Meath, annexed to the perpetual curacy of Ballymore, or St. Owen's of Loughseudy : the rectory is impropriate in Mrs. F. C. Reade ; the tithe rent-charge is £195. There is neither church, glebe-house, nor glebe. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is also part of the union or district of Ballymore. In the village, which consists only of a few cabins, are the ruins of the old parish church, with a burial-ground ; and opposite to it is a remarkably high mound, at the base of which is another ruin of very great antiquity, with a well dedicated to St. Bridget. In the centre of the parish is Clare Hill, on the summit of which are the remains of a castle and foitifieations, said to have belonged to the family of De Lacy. Near Mosstown are the remains of the castle of Killenbrack ; and within that demesne, on a small mound, is a burialplace of the Judge family, of King's county.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 33

19. Knock village on Clonderlaw Bay

    Knock · townland · Clare

    Knock village was beautifully situated on the north-western side of Clonderlaw Bay, with several houses ornamented in the rustic style and tasteful shrubberies. A small pier served for landing sea manure and forwarding corn to Limerick.

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    KNOCK, a village or post-town, in the parish of KiLMURRY, union of Kilrush, barony of Clonder- LAW, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 8 miles (W. S. W.) from Kildysart, on the road to Kilrush ; containing 115 inhabitants. It is beautifully situated on the north-western side of Clonderlaw bay, and comprises ^6 houses, several of which are ornamented in the rustic style and have tastefully disposed shrubberies and gardens attached. It is a station of the constabulary police, and petty-sessions are held weekly on Friday. Here is a small pier, where sea manure is landed, and whence corn is occasionally forwarded in boats to Limerick.

    KNOCK, or Knockdrumcalry, a parish, in the union of Swinford, partly in the barony of Clanmorris, but chiefly in the barony of Costello, county of Mayo, and province of Connaught, 5 miles (E.) from Clare, and on the road from Claremorris to Swinford; containing 3374 inhabitants. The parish comprises ll,704i statute acres, and is partly under an improving system of tillage ; there is a great quantity of bog. The principal seats are Ballyhoole and Aden. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, forming part of the union of KiltuUagh ; the tithe rentcharge is £'28. 4. 6. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parish of Aughamore ; in each is a chapel.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 60

20. Knock village pier on Clonderlaw bay

    Knock · townland · Clare

    At the village of Knock in the parish of Kilmurry-Clonderlaw, a small pier facilitates boats landing sea manure and shipping grain to Limerick.

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    KILMURRY-CLONDERLAW, a parish, in the union of Kilrush, barony of Clonderlaw, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 7 miles (W. S. W.) from Kildysart, on the road to Kilrush ; containing 433'2 inhabitants. It is situated on the north-western side of the bay of Clonderlaw, and on the river Shannon. The bay is an open but insecure roadstead, near the bottom of which is a creek ; and at the village of Knock is a small pier for the convenience of boats landing sea manure and shipping grain to Limerick. The parish comprises 10,458 statute acres, mostly under tillage; and from the abundant supply of rich manure afforded by the bay, the crops are very good : the state of agriculture has of late years been gradually improving. There is a large portion of bog ; and in some places coal is supposed to exist, but it has not yet been worked. Fairs are held at Kilmurry-M'Mahon on the 24th of May, July, and September ; and a seneschal's court for the manor of Clonderlaw is occasionally held, in which small debts are recoverable. The gentlemen's seats are Clonderlaw, Kilmore, Thornbury, Woodlawn, Oaklands, and Carabane.

    The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, episcopally united in 1774 to those of Killofin, Kilmacduane, Kilfedane, and Killeymur, together constituting the union of Kilmurry, in the patronage of the Bishop : the rectory is impropriate in John Scott, Esq. The tithe rent-charge is £155. 15. 6., of which £90 are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar ; the tithe of the entire benefice of the vicar is £387. 4. 8. 155

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 49

21. Kyle Model Gardens for labourer instruction

    Kyle · townland · Wexford

    C. G. Harvey established the Kyle Model Gardens on nearly eleven acres of his best land, providing practical instruction in garden husbandry for labourers. The gardens included a patch demonstrating cow support on a small allotment and were superintended by an experienced gardener giving gratuitous instruction.

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    KILPATRICK, a parish, in the barony of Shelma- LIER, union and county of Wexford, and province of Leinster, 3^ miles (N.) from W'e.xford, on the coachroad to Dublin ; containing 879 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated partly on the river Slaney, and partly on its estuary, above \Ve.\ford bridge, comprises 2739^ statute acres of good land in an excellent state of cultivation ; the system of agriculture being superior to what generally prevails in this part of the country, and green crops having been cultivated for some years : there is neither bog nor waste land. The river is unsurpassed for the richness and beauty of the scenery on its banks, and the surrounding country is agreeably and strikingly diversified. Saunderscourt, the property and residence of the Earl of Arran, commands a fine view of the bridge and harbour of Wexford ; and Kyle, another seat, is embosomed in woods of the richest foliage, and embellished with pleasure-grounds and gardens tastefully laid out and commanding extensive and varying views of the scenery of the Slauey. On a rocky eminence in Lower Kyle, overlooking the river, is a monumental obelisk, erected in 1786 by the Rev. C. Harvey, D.D., to commemorate the exertions and patriotism of General George Ogle and the independent volunteers of Ireland, the first corps of which was raised in this county. The " Kyle Model Gardens, " established by C. G. Harvey, Esq. (who appropriated nearly eleven statute acres of his best land for that purpose), are intended to afford practical instruction to the labourer in garden husbandry, in order to the due improvement of allotments of land for the cultivation of flowers, fruits, vegetables, and bees, on the system of the " London Labourers'-Friend Society," and for the profitable employment of the labourer's spare time without interfering with his ordinary occupation. This garden, besides affording perfect specimens of cottage gardening on a minute scale, under Vol. II.— 161

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 50

22. Labasheeda village on the Shannon

    near Labasheeda · townland · Clare

    Labasheeda, or Poundstreet, is a village on the Shannon in Clare, from which considerable quantities of corn are sent in boats to Limerick in winter. Culm obtained in the vicinity is also sent to Limerick, Ennis, and other places. There is a ferry across the Shannon to Tarbert, and near the village is a large Roman Catholic chapel, a handsome cruciform building.

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    LABASHEEDA, or Poundstreet, a village, in the parish of Killofix, poor-law union of Kilrlsh, barony of Clonderla-sv, county of Clare, and province of MuNSTER, 4 miles (S. W.) from Kildysart, on the lower road to Kilrush ; containing 12* houses, and 606 inhabitants. From its situation on the Shannon, a considerable quantity of corn is brought to this village in winter, and sent in boats to Limerick ; culm obtained in the vicinity is also sent hence to Limerick, Eunis, and other places : the erection of a small pier and quay would be of great advantage to the trade. There is a ferry across the Shannon to Tarbert. A court for Col. Wyndham's manor of Cionderlaw is occasionally held by the seneschal, for the recovery of small debts ; and a constabulary police force is stationed in the village. Near it is a large Roman Catholic chapel, a handsome cruciform building. — See Killofin.

    LACK, a village, in the parish of Magheracul- MONEY, union of Lowtherstown, barony of Lurg, county of Fermanaoh, and province of Ulster; containing 99 inhabitants.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 62

23. Lackamore old copper-mine near Newport

    Lackamore · townland · Tipperary · 1800–1837

    About five miles east of Newport, the old copper-mine of Lackamore had very extensive workings. An attempt to renew them at the beginning of the nineteenth century was abandoned due to insufficient machinery to draw off water, and a later attempt by the Mining Company yielding ores worth £20–£30 per ton was also abandoned as unprofitable.

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    But the mineral works of earliest celebrity are the COi'i'KR and LEAD mines near Silvcrmines. They were first worked by an English company, who extracted a considerable proportion of silver from the ore ; after their lease expired, about a century ago, new veins were opened and the works extended in different directions by successive companies. Mr. Hudson, the last lessee, sold his interest to the Mining Company, who, after sinking some expensive shafts, relinquished the attempt. The works were opened in four places, called the Old Works, Knockeen, and Kevestown, on Lord Dunally's estate, and Garryard, on that of Lord Norbury. The Old Works were carried on in a space between the clayslate and limestone -rock, which here approach each other ; being several fathoms wide at the surface, but contracting until it closes at the depth of about 25 fathoms. This space was filled with clay, sand, decomposed slate, and scattered blocks of limestone, lydian stone, and hornstone ; the whole mass being penetrated and cemented by metallic deposits, consisting of ironochre in various stages of induration, iron-pyrites, whitelead ore, galena, malachite (the value of which was unknown, and which was therefore thrown away), copperpyrites, with calcareous spar and heavy spar. In Knockenroe is a powerful vein, consisting at the surface principally of quartz and iron-pyrites, with some heavy spar, galena, blende, and copper-pyrites. In Knockeen are various others, comprising the same substances. About five miles to the east of Newport is the old copper-mine of Lackamore, the workings of which were very extensive ; an attempt was made to renew them at the beginning of the present century, but was abandoned on account of the insufficiency of the machinery to draw off the water. It was subsequently worked by the Mining Company, and yielded ores worth from £20 to £30 per ton ; but has again been abandoned as unprofitable. Here arc two veins running through clay-slate, and composed of brown spar, calcareous spar, clay, and ironochre, more or less indurated, a few inches in width ; and a third vein of the same material, but of greater thickness, and comprising rich copper-ore in bundles at Cappaghwhite, Ballysinode, and Gurtdrum, in this county : these were also held on lease by the Mining Company, who seem, however, to have made no attempt to work the two first, though on the last they made an outlay, in 1S26, of £300. Ores of zinc and manganese are common in various places, but no efforts are now being made to work them.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 341

24. Lady's Finger and Maiden Tower at Mornington

    near Mornington · town · Meath · 1558–1603

    On the coast at Mornington are two remarkable towers: the Lady's Finger, a monumental column with a tapering shaft, and the Maiden Tower, surmounted by battlements and supposed to have been erected in Elizabeth's reign as a beacon to Drogheda.

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    Lower Duleek, county of Meath, and province of Leinster; on the southern bank of the river Boyne, and near the entrance of the harbour of Drogheda, 2 miles (E.) from Drogheda; containing 1S8 inhabitants. This place is enumerated among the possessions of the abbey of Colpe, at the Dissolution, as " the farm ofWeisley." It is now merely a fishing-village, consisting of 46 houses ; a bridge over a stream which empties itself into the Boyne ; and a small Roman Catholic chapel, belonging to the union of St. Mary's, Drogheda. Here are the ruins of a church, with a turret at the west end pierced for two bells. On the coast are two very remarkable towers, called " the Lady's Finger" and "the Maiden Tower;" the former bears rather the appearance of a monumental column, having a square base from which rises a round tapering shaft terminating in a cone above a band of masonry. The latter is much higher, and no less remarkable for its slender proportions ; it is surmounted by battlements, and is supposed to have been erected in the reign of Elizabeth, as a beacon to the port of Drogheda. Mornington gives the titles of Earl and Baron to the Wellesleys.

    MOROE, a village, in the parish of Abington, union of Limerick, barony of Owneybeg, county of Limerick, and province of Munster ; containing 57 houses, and 311 inhabitants.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 172

25. Lady's Island castle built by Rodolph de Lamporte

    Lady's Island · townland · Wexford

    Rodolph, son of Milo de Lamporte, ancestor of the Lamberts of Wexford, built a strong castle on the peninsula in Lough Tay (Lady's Island lake). The castle was traditionally said to have been the object of several hostile attacks.

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    MARY'S, ST., or Lady's-Island, a parish, in the barony of Forth, union and county of Wexford, and province of Leinster, \ a mile (S.) from Broadway, on the road to Carnsore Point ; containing 289 inhabitants. On the subdivision of the territories acquired by Strongbow, this place became the property of Rodolph, son of Milo de Lamporte (ancestor of the Lamberts of this county), who built a strong castle on the peninsula in Lough Tay, or Lady's Island lake, which is traditionally said to have been the object of several hostile attacks. Cromwell, immediately after his landing in the bay of Rosslare, in 1649, sent a party to reduce it, to which it at once surrendered. On this occasion, a convent of Augustinian friars, which had been founded about 200 years before, was plundered, and the fraternity, refusing to bear arms against their country, put to the sword. The remains of the fortress, of which all that was destructible by fire was consumed, consist principally of a square tower, supposed from its materials to be of more recent date

    MASS

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 139

26. Lady's Island chapel rebuilt in 1807

    Lady's Island · townland · Wexford · 1807

    The Roman Catholic chapel of Lady's Island is a large cruciform structure rebuilt in 1807, with a national school adjoining it. It is part of a district comprising the parishes of St. Iberius, Carne, St. Margaret's, and Tacumshane.

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    than the original castle, which was built of compact rude granite from a small ii^land in the lake. In the village, which consists of a few neat and comfortable cottages, fairs are held on Aug. 15th and Sept. 8th. The parish comprises 597^ statute acres. The lake abounds with a variety of wild fowl, and was formerly frequented by a species of bittern, called the Proud Stork. St. Mary's is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Ferns, forming part of the union of St. Iberius : the rectory is impropriate in L. V. W. Richards, Esq., to whom the tithe rent-charge, amounting to £23. 1. 6., is entirely payable, and who allows £2 per annum for the clerical duties. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Lady's-Island, comprising also the parishes of St. Iberius, Carne, St. Margaret's, and Tacumshane, and containing the chapels of Lady's- Island, and Faithe; the former is a large cruciform structure, rebuilt in ISO", and adjoining it is a national school.

    MARY'S, ST., Wexford.— See New Ross.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 139

27. Lady's Island Lake: singular formation with no outlet

    near Lady's Island Lake · lake or lakes · Wexford

    Lady's Island Lake in Forth is noted for the singularity of its formation, receiving several small rivulets and having no natural outlet. Once every three or four years an opening is cut through the sand-bank separating it from the sea.

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    This district is much detached from the rest of Ireland, having the sea on its eastern and southern sides, and the estuary of the Suir and the river of Ross along the greater part of its western border, the remainder of which and the northern side are hemmed in by a lofty range of mountain land, through which there are but few lines of communication. The mountains on the side of the county of Wicklow extend from .S7ierebiiii, a beautiful conical hill covered with verdure, to the valley through which the Slaney flows, the river dividing this part of the range from the still more extensive and lofty chain of Mount Leiiisler and the Hlachstciirs, three remarkable pointed summits of which are distinguished by the names of the "Leaps of Ossian's Greyhounds. " Except on the confines, there are no high or extensive ridges of mountains; but the surface is diversified with many single hills, of considerable height, and, towards the south-east, the mountain of Forth forms a ridge about 500 feet above the level of the sea, extendmg ,5 or 6 miles in a north-eastern and south-western direction. The general surface between these single hills does not expand into large plains : the land declines from the primitive mountains on the north towards the sea in unequal elevations, and, where the depositions of alluvial substances are considerable, the surface has a beautifully waving outline, and is enlivened by numerous gently winding streams. The Staiiey, which traverses the northern and eastern part, presents a succession of highly picturesque views, beautifully ornamented with remains of antiquity, and with modern mansions, villas, and plantations. The scenery on the Barrow, in the vicinity of New Ross, is marked by grander features, and can scarcely be surpassed. The southern baronies of Bargy and Forth, which are shut out from the remainder of the county by the Forth mountain, consist of low land that owes its attractions more to human labour and ingenuity than to the gifts of nature. The entire county presents nothing meriting the name of lake, except Laity's Island Lake, in Forth, which claims notice, not from its extent or beauty, but from the singularity of its formation, receiving several small rivulets and having no natural outlet, so that once in every three or four years an opening is cut through the sand-bank which separates it from the sea.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 393

28. Lady's Island lake wildlife

    Lady's Island · townland · Wexford

    The lake at Lady's Island abounds with a variety of wild fowl and was formerly frequented by a species of bittern called the Proud Stork. The parish comprises 597 statute acres.

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    than the original castle, which was built of compact rude granite from a small ii^land in the lake. In the village, which consists of a few neat and comfortable cottages, fairs are held on Aug. 15th and Sept. 8th. The parish comprises 597^ statute acres. The lake abounds with a variety of wild fowl, and was formerly frequented by a species of bittern, called the Proud Stork. St. Mary's is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Ferns, forming part of the union of St. Iberius : the rectory is impropriate in L. V. W. Richards, Esq., to whom the tithe rent-charge, amounting to £23. 1. 6., is entirely payable, and who allows £2 per annum for the clerical duties. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Lady's-Island, comprising also the parishes of St. Iberius, Carne, St. Margaret's, and Tacumshane, and containing the chapels of Lady's- Island, and Faithe; the former is a large cruciform structure, rebuilt in ISO", and adjoining it is a national school.

    MARY'S, ST., Wexford.— See New Ross.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 139

29. Lady's Well at Kilshane

    Kilshane · townland · Tipperary

    A well called Lady's Well in the parish of Kilshane, County Tipperary, was much resorted to by the peasantry. Chalybeate springs were also found in the parish.

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    KILSHANE, a parish, in the barony ofCLAXwiL- LiAM, union and county of Tiiterary, and province of MvNSTER; containing 615 inhabitants. It comprises 1424 statute acres, and contains limestone and brownstone, the latter of which is of good quality for building. Here is a small flour-mill. The principal seats are Spring House and Kilshane Cottage. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Emly, entirely impropriate in the representatives of W. Moore, Esq. : the tithe rentcharge is £49. 10. per annum. Here are some ruins of the church, and of a castle; also several Danish raths. A well, called Lady's well, is much resorted to by the peasantry ; and there arc some chalybeate springs.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 56

30. Lahinch bathing strand and natural curiosities

    Lehinch · town · Clare

    Lahinch village on the bay of Liscanor in County Clare has rapidly advanced due to its fine bathing strand. Nearby natural curiosities include the 'Puffing Holes' and the 'Dropping Well,' the latter similar to the dropping well at Knaresborough. A bridge over the estuary of the river Inagh allows an uninterrupted drive from Miltown-Malbay to the cliffs of Moher.

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    LAHINCH, or Lahenzy, a village, in the parish of KiLMANAHEEN, uuion of Enxistymon, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 2 miles (W.) from Ennistymon, and on the bay of Liscanor, on the western coast ; containing 107 houses, and 433 inhabitants. This place has of late rapidly advanced on account of its fine bathing-strand, situated at the inner extremity of the bay, and much resorted to during the season. The roads in the vicinity have been greatly improved ; and a bridge over the estuary of the river luagh between this place and Liscanor has been recently completed, and allows of an uninterrupted drive along the coast from Miltown-Malbay to the cliffs of Moher. The village affords good accommodation for visiters, and races are generally held every season for their amusement. In the vicinity are the natural curiosities called the " Puffing "Holes " and the "Dropping Well ;" the former is described under the head of Mil- 204

    LAMB

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 63

31. Lake and subterranean stream at Cappagh, Waterford

    Cappagh · townland · Waterford

    At Cappagh in Whitechurch parish, County Waterford, a lake issues a stream that turns a mill and then pursues a subterranean course for nearly two miles, emerging at Canty where it falls into the river Brickey. Manganese is also found at Cappagh but has not been extensively worked.

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    WHITECIIURCH, a parish, in the union of Dun- GARVAN, barony of DECiES-without Drum, county of ■W'aterford, and province of Munster, .5 miles (W.) from Dungarvan, and on the coach-road from Waterford, through Youghal, to Cork ; containing 3403 inhabitants. This place was the scene of repeated hostilities during the parliamentary war. In 1645, Sir Richard Osborne, then proprietor of Knockmoan Castle, notwithstanding his scrupulous observance of the cessation of hostilities which had been previously concluded, was closely besieged by the Earl of Castlehaven, to whom he was compelled to surrender. The castle was delivered up to Lord Lisle in 1646; and in 1649, while Cromwell was besieging Dungarvan, it was taken by a detachment of his army, by whom it was afterwards demolished. The parish comprises 99">'2 statute acres ; the land is of good quality, and the system of agriculture very much improved. Limestone abounds on the low lands, and marl of rich quality is obtained in several places ; on the high grounds, brown freestone and green flagstone are in abundance ; manganese is also found at Cappagh, but has not been worked to any extent ; and at Carriglea is a stratum of pure black marble. Ballyntaylor, formerly a seat of the Osborne family, is in the southern part of the parish, within half a mile of the picturesque ruins of Knockmoan Castle. The other seats are. Mount Odell, the property of the Odell family, of Carriglea, also in this parish, the latter a mansion in the later English style, situated in a highly improved demesne commanding fine mountain scenery ; Cappagh, a handsome residence embracing some picturesque and romantic views ; and Whitechurch, pleasantly situated in grounds tastefully laid out. The farmhouses are of very superior character. At Cappagh is a lake whence a stream issues, which after turning a mill pursues a subterranean course for nearly two miles, emerging at Canty, where it falls into the river Brickey. A fair is held on the 5th of August ; and at Cappagh is a constabulary police station.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 402

32. Lake of Ballyarnet in Templemore parish

    Ballyarnet · townland · Derry

    The lake of Ballyarnet occupies portions of three townlands — Ballyarnet, Ballynashallog, and Ballynagard — and contains 3 acres, 3 roods, and 27 perches. Its height above the sea is about 100 feet.

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    The PARISH, as at present constituted, contains 12,611 statute acres. It is bounded by the river Foyle and Lough Foyle on the east, and by the county of Donegal on every other side ; extending about eight miles in length from north-east to south-west, and less than three in its greatest breadth in the contrary direction. The surface is beautifully undulating, presenting a succession of hills, mostly cultivated or under pasture. A wide valley, extending from the Foyle at Pennybum, separates the hills into two groups. Of these the southern is the more prominent, rising at its southern extremity into Holywell hill, 860 feet above the sea ; the highest point of the northern group, in Elaghmore, is not more than 354 feet. The lake of Ballyarnet, occupying portions of the three townlands of Ballyarnet, Ballynashallog, and Ballynagard, contains 3a. 3r. 27p. ; its height above the sea is about 100 feet. Except the Foyle, which is navigable for small craft to Castlefin, there is no body of water entitled to the name of river : the numerous small streams which irrigate the parish, flow eastward into the main river or lough, with the exception of one, which, passing by Coshquiu, terminates in Lough Swilly. Springs are numerous ; not fewer than eight occur within a tract of about 20 acres, in Springhill and Creggan ; several of them are slightly chalybeate. The coast of Lough Foyle, where it borders the parish, is low, and destitute of any striking characteristic features. It is the general opinion of the intelligent farmers here that a marked amelioration has taken place in the climate : the seasons both of seed time and harvest have advanced considerably ; and the extended cultivation of wheat, and the increasing number of quails, are further proofs of it.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 323

33. Lakes of Keady parish dammed for linen industry

    near Keady · town · Armagh

    Within the parish of Keady are three lakes called Clay, Tullynavad, and Aughnagurgan, whose waters were dammed up at great expense by the proprietors to secure an abundant year-round water supply for the linen industry.

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    attracted the attention of some enterprising Englishmen, who formed a large bleaching establishment here about the year 1750, and laid the foundation of the linen trade ; previously to which, the whole of the surrounding country had been little better than an uncultivated heath. After the retirement of tlie parties who originally introduced the trade, it began to decline ; but in 1826, the Messrs. Sadler, of Leeds, erected a very extensive establishment at Dundrum, and were the first who attempted to make hnen from mill-spun yarn, and who carried on the manufacture of fine linen in this neighbourhood. Since that period, the increase of the trade has been very rapid. There are some large mills for spinning flax at New Holland and Darkley, in which upwards of 700 persons (principally young females) are constantly employed : an extensive manufactory for fine linen has been established at Ballier, affording employment to 2500 persons ; another for sheeting at Dundrum i and bleach-greens at Anvale, Greenmount, Dundrum, Ballier, Millview, Darkley, and Linenvale, where about 235,000 pieces of linen are annually finished, principally for the English market. Within the parish are three lakes, called Clay, TuUynavad, and Aughnagurgan, the waters of which are dammed up at a great expense by the proprietors, and an abundant supply is secured throughout the year. The town consists of 250 houses, many of them well built. The market is on Friday, for linen-yarn and general provisions ; and fairs for live stock are held on the second Friday of every month. Here is a constabulary police station ; a manor court is held monthly for the recovery of debts under £2, and petty-sessions in the court-house every Friday. The court-house and the market-place are comraodiously arranged.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 1

34. Lakes of Killarney described

    Killarney · town · Kerry

    The Lakes of Killarney, the largest and most interesting in Kerry, are situated about a mile and a half from the town on the confines of a chain of lofty mountains. They serve as a vast reservoir for waters descending from mountain lakes, with surplus waters flowing through Castlemaine harbour into the Atlantic via the river Laune.

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    Of the numerous Lakes in the county of Kerry, the largest as well as the most interesting are those of Kil- LARNEY, situated about a mile and a half from the town, on the confines of a chain of lofty mountains, between which and the Atlantic are others of still greater magnitude and elevation ; among the latter is the majestic Curran Tual, rising to the height of 3404 feet above the level of the sea, and forming the principal of the range called Mac Gillycuddy's Reeks, and the most elevated point in Ireland. The Lakes of Killarney may be regarded as an immense reservoir for the waters of the surrounding country, descending from the mountain lakes by tributary rivers ; and their surplus waters are conveyed through the harbour of Castlemaine into the Atlantic by the river Laune, which is the only

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 34

35. Lakes of Tynan parish draining into Glaslough

    Portnelligan · townland · Armagh

    Tynan parish contains several small lakes, including Portnelligan, Houslough, and Kiltubrit. These lakes discharge their superfluous waters into Glaslough, located across the border in County Monaghan.

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    TYNAN, a post-town and parish, partly in the barony of Armagh, but chiefly in that of Turaney, union and county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 6i miles (W. by S.) from Armagh, and 72 (N. by W.) irom Dublin, on the road from Armagh to Monaghan ; containing, with the town of Middleton and the village of Killylea (both separately described), 11,392 inhabitants, of whom 177 are in the town or village of Tynan. This was formerly a parish of great extent and importance : it is noticed in Pope Nicholas's Taxation in 1291 as belonging to the Cohdei or Culdees of Armagh, who are said to have retained possession for some time after the Reformation. It was united with Derrynoose in the 14th and 15th of Charles II.; but the union was severed by an act of the Sth of Anne, c. 13, and lately the district parishes of Killylea and Middleton have been ecclesiastically separated from it. The parish contains 17,646 statute acres, whereof 80| are under water, being the small lakes of Portnelligan, Houslough, and Kiltubrit, which discharge their superfluous waters into Glaslough, in the county of Monaghan : this area includes the two new districts. The soil is generally a rich loam of considerable depth : tillage is carried on to a great extent, and under an excellent system ; flax of the best quality is grown in very large quantities. There 616

    is no waste land ; bogs were numerous, but they are now mostly cut out or reclaimed : there are several quarries of limestone and freestone. Though the coal formation extends over a considerable district, little advantage has been derived from it, as the veins hitherto discovered are too thin to be worked with profit. Here was formerly an extensive forest, known by the name of the Bondville wood, consisting chiefly of oak, ash, and fir, and extending over several hundred acres ; but it was all cut away during a period in which the estate was under litigation. At Doogary and at Belteagh are large flour-mills. The Ulster canal, connecting Loughs Neagh and Erne, passes through the parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 364

36. Lambart family grants and Kilbeggan town charter

    Kilbeggan · town · Westmeath · 1606–1620

    After the dissolution of the monastery, its extensive possessions were granted to the Lambart family. Sir Oliver Lambart obtained a market grant in 1606, James I gave the town a charter in 1612, and Charles Lambart procured two additional fairs in 1620.

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    KILBEGGAN, a market and post town, a parish, and formerly a parliamentary borough, in the union of TuLLAMORE, barony of Moycashel, county of West- Meath, and province of Leinster, 15 miles (E. by S.) from Athloue, and 44^ miles (W.) from Dublin ; on the river Brosna and the road from Dublin to Athlone ; containing 41S6 inhabitants, of whom 1910 are in the town. A monastery was founded here by St. Becan, son of Murchade, a contemporary of St. Columb, about the year 600. In 972, a sanguinary battle was fought between the Irish and Danes, at a ford on the river, near the present bridge, since called Aghnaccan, or the " Ford of Heads," from the numbers of the slain that floated down the river. In 1200, the monastery, which bad fallen into decay, was rebuilt by the family of Dalton, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin ; and some Cistercian monks, from the abbey of Mellifont, were placed in it. After its dissolution, the house and its possessions, which were very extensive, were granted to the Lambart family, of whom Sir Oliver, afterwards Lord Lambart, in 1 606, obtained for the town the grant of a weekly market and an annual fair. In I6l2, James I. gave the inhabitants a charter ; and in 1620, Charles, son of Oliver, Lord Lambart, procured a grant of two additional fairs. During the disturbances of 179S, a party of insurgents was defeated near the town, after an obstinate engagement, by Colonel Blake, at the head of his regiment of Northumberland militia.

    The TOWN contains 372 houses, of which nearly onehalf are neatly built and slated. It is improving ; and a branch from the Grand Canal, which was recently cut to it, holds out prospects of the increase of its trade. There are a large distillery, a brewery, and two mills for flour and oatmeal, one of them extensive ; also a manufactory for tobacco and snuff. The market is on Saturday, and is a considerable mart for butter : fairs for live stock are held on March 25th, June I6th, Aug. 15th, and Oct. 28th. The market-house is a neat plain 19

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 14

37. Lambert raises siege of Philipstown c.1600

    Daingean · town · Offaly · 1599–1601

    Sir Oliver Lambert, with 1000 foot and 100 horse, raised the siege of Philipstown which had been closely pressed by the O'Conor insurgents, dispersing them so completely that no serious resistance was afterwards attempted.

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    themselves submitted, and attended St. Leger into England, where they were thrown into confinement ; and their lands, being declared forfeited, were shared among English officers and settlers. The O'Carrolls, occupying the remotest situation, appear to have been the least affected by these disastrous events. The new arrangements were completed in 154S, and procured for Bellingham the honour of knighthood and the government of Ireland. But the old Irish families did not patiently relinquish their claims and possessions ; they were indefatigable in their efforts to resist what they deemed an unjust usurpation. Numbers were consequently cut off in the field, or executed by martial law ; and the whole race would have been extirpated in the reign of Mary, had not the Earls of Kildare and Ormonde interceded with the queen, and become sureties for the peaceable behaviour of the survivors. By an Irish statute in ir).57. Lord Sussex was empowered to grant estates or leases in the districts recovered from the Irish inhabitauts. Another, reciting their forfeiture to the crown by rebellion, erected certain lands into the King's and Queen's counties, so named in honour of Philip and Mary ; the former comprised Ophaly, and such part of Glenmalire as lay east of the Barrow, and had for its capital the fort of Dingen, formerly the chief seat of the O'Conors, and henceforward called Philipstown. In this division was included a small portion of the county of Kildare, containing the parishes of Harristown and Kilbracken, which until lately, though completely inclosed by Kildare, continued to form part of the King's county. During the entire reign of Elizabeth, the desultory attempts of the natives against the English forces were continued ; and the most unscrupulous measures were, on the other hand, exercised against them. In 1599, the Lord-Lieutenant entered the county with a force of '2.500 men, and totally defeated the O'Conors ; but in the following year they became as troublesome as before : at length. Sir Oliver Lambert was sent thither at the head of 1000 foot and 100 horse, and after raising the siege of Philipstown, which had been closely pressed by the insurgents, he dispersed them so completely that no resistance of any importance was afterwards attempted.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

38. Land subdivision in the Kildimo neighbourhood

    Kildimo · townland · Limerick

    The impoverishing system of subletting land exists to a great extent around Kildimo in County Limerick. The practice is so prevalent that scarcely half a dozen persons in the district keep a horse.

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    In some parts the land is much divided, and wretchedly exhausted by the impoverishing system of subletting. The crop of the greatest importance to the peasant is the potato, the cultivation of which is chiefly by the spade : the potato is generally followed by wheat, then oats, or potatoes again, and thus in succession until the ground is wholly exhausted, when it is left to recruit its powers by the unassisted efforts of Dature. This system of subdivision, however, though too common, is by no means universal. It exists to a great extent in the neighbourhood of Kildeemo, where scarcely half a dozen persons in the district keep a horse, and even more so around Tankards-town, near Kilmallock ; the con-acre system is also on the increase in the neighbourhood of Galbally and other parts of the county. Still there are many good and extensive practical farmers, and many landlords who discountenance altogether the system of parcelling out and subletting ; and the tillage-farms, in many instances, are managed under the most approved systems : some few are drained and well fenced, but these are rare. Irrigation is little if at all practised in the county ; indeed, the soil is so productive by nature, that most farmers deem any outlay for its improvement a superfluous expenditure i some even of the more intelligent assert that sowing grass-seeds, in laying down land, completely destroys it for the next seven years. Flax grows here to an extraordinary height ; but notwithstanding the efforts of the Limerick Chamber of Commerce and the Agricultural Society, the farmer is not yet convinced that it will prove a remunerating crop. This and the contiguous county of Clare are famous for their orchards, which produce the much-esteemed Cackagay cider ; the most celebrated districts for its manufacture are those round Pallaskenry, Adare, Croom, Rathkeale, and Kilpeacon. The greatest variety of apple is to be seen around the farmhouses of the Palatines.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 74

39. Land subsidence at Blindwell in 1822

    Blindwell · townland · Galway · 1822

    In 1822, part of the land at the Blindwell estate in Kilconly parish suddenly sank, and the abyss was filled with water.

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    KILCONLY, a parish, in the union of Tu am, barony of Dunmore, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, 55 miles (N. W.) from Tuam, on the road from that place to Castlebar ; containing 3070 inhabitants. The parish comprises 9677^ statute acres ; the land is good, with the exception of a large tract of rcclaimable bog, and limestone of tolerable quality is abundant. There are meal and flour mills on a large scale. Milburn is a constabulary police station, and petty-sessions are held at the station-house every Friday. The principal seats are Castlegrove, Ironpool, Rockwell, Newborough, Belmont, Ashgrove, and Blindwell. The lastmentioned estate has been in the possession of the Kirwan, or O'Quirivawn, family for many centuries : in 1822, part of the laud suddenly sank, and the abyss was filled with water. Within the demesne are the ruins of a fortress, consisting of a keep, inclosed within four strong walls, with a turret at each corner ; the entrance arch is in the Norman style, and in good preservation. The parish is in the diocese of Tuam ; the rectory is appropriate to the vicars-choral of the cathedral, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Tuam, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rentcharge is £108. 8., which is equally divided between the \icars- choral and the incumbent. The church is a neat building, erected in 1831, by a gift of £600 from the Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Catholic divisions Kilconly is united to Kilbannon ; a large chapel was lately erected.

    F2

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

40. Lanesborough chartered as borough by Charles II

    Lanesborough · town · Longford · 1677

    Lanesborough derived its name from Sir G. Lane, whose lands were erected into the manor of Lanesborough by charter of Charles II in the 17th year of his reign. The charter constituted the town a free borough with a sovereign, bailiffs, burgesses, and freemen, returning two members to the Irish parliament until the Union.

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    LANESBOROUGH, a market and post town (formerly a parliamentary borough), in the union of Roscommon, partly in the parish of Clontuskert, barony of SoT.TH Ballintouber, county of Roscommon, ami province of Connaugiit, but chiefly in the parish and barony of Rathcline, county of Longford, and province of Leinster, 8 miles (\V. S. W.) from Longford, on the road to Roscommon, and 66y (W. by N.) from Dublin; containing 581 inhabitants. This town derived its name from Sir G. Lane, whose lands of Ballyleagh and others in the county of Longford were erected into the manor of Lanesborough by charter of Charles II. in the 17th of his reign ; and to whom was also granted a court baron, with jurisdiction to the amount of 40a-., and a court of record for the determination of pleas to the amount of £'200. The same charter constituted the town a free borough, under a sovereign and two bailiffs, who were annually elected, and of whom the former, with his deputy, was a justice of the peace ; 1'2 burgesses, elected by a majority of their own body as vacancies occurred ; and an indefinite number of freemen, admitted by the burgesses, by whom also a recorder, town-clerk, serjeant-at-mace, and other officers were to be appointed. The corporation continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. For some time prior to the Union the corporation had exercised scarcely any other municipal duty than that of returning the members to parliament, and since that period it has become quite extinct.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 63

41. Lanesborough church on site of St. Patrick's abbey

    Lanesborough · town · Longford · 1678

    The church at Lanesborough was erected in 1678 by the Lanesborough family on part of the site of an ancient church called the abbey, said to have been built by St. Patrick in the 4th century. This connects the town to an early Christian tradition.

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    The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in R. C. and R. Armstrong, Esqrs. The tithe rent-charge is £295. 2. 6., two-thirds payable to the impropriators, and one-third to the vicar : the glebe comprises 30 acres, valued at £45 per annum ; and there is a good glebe-house, with offices, lately built by the incumbent. The church, a spacious edifice, was erected at the expense of the Lanesborough family, in 1678, on part of the site of the ancient church in Lanesborough, which was called the abbey and is said to have been built by St. Patrick in the 4th century. The Soman Catholic parish is co- extensive with that of the Established Church : the chapel is large, and has a tower at the west end ; a small house is appropriated as a chapel of ease. Near the ruins of the castle are those of the ancient parochial church, said to have been destroyed from the opposite bank of the Shannon ; part of the steeple is yet standing, and the cemetery is still used by the Roman Catholics. In one of the walls of the castle was a marble tablet with a very ancient inscription in the Irish character. From the hill at the base of which these ruins are situated, is a very extensive and interesting view.

    RATHCONNELL, or Turin, a parish, in the union of Mullingar, barony of Moyashel and Magheradernan, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, 4i miles (E. N. E.) from Mullingar, on the road to Castletown-Delvin, and near Lough Hoyle ; containing 3605 inhabitants. Between two tracts of land of a moory nature, at this place, was a celebrated pass, noted in the Irish annals for the defeat of the army under General Preston by the retreating forces of Sir Richard Grenville, accompanied by the famished garrison of Athlone and the Protestant inhabitants : the pass had been fortified to intercept their retreat, and

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 246

42. Lapis Hibernicus black shaly rock on Whiddy Island

    near Whiddy Island · island or archipelago · Cork

    On the north side of Whiddy Island in Bantry Bay are extensive rocks of a black shaly substance resembling black lead, called Lapis Hibernicus. It was formerly given medicinally for inward bruises but is now chiefly used by carpenters as black chalk.

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    WHIDDY ISLAND, in the parish of Kilmaco- MOGUE, union and barony of B.antry, county of Cork, and province of Munster, if mile (W.) from Bantry ; containing about 714 inhabitants. It is situated near the inner extremity of the bay of Bantry, and extends from X. E. to S. W. nearly three miles, having an average breadth of about one mile, and comprising 12 IS statute acres of land, chiefly under an improved system of cultivation. It is remarkable for the variety of its soil, which in some places consists of a rich loam, and in others of rock, sand, and stiff clay : on the north side are extensive rocks of a black shaly substance, soft and unctuous, and much resembling black lead ; it is called Lapis Hiberniciis, and was formerly given medicinally in cases of inward bruises, but is now chiefly used by carpenters as black chalk. Bogs supply the inhabitants with turf for fuel ; and there are both a fresh and a salt water lake on the island. Three batteries, each consisting of a circular tower surrounded by a deep fosse, and together mounting 18 guns, were built subsequently to the descent of the French fleet here in 1796: there were barracks for seven officers and 188 non-commissioned ofiicers and men of the engineer and artillery departments ; but the whole are now entrusted to the care of one man. Along the eastern shore of the island are five small islets, between which and the main land on the east is the best anchorage in the bay, in five or Vol. II.— 665

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 401

43. Large circular Danish fort at Nobber

    Nobber · town · Meath

    A very large circular Danish fort stands near Nobber, its summit commanding an extensive prospect. The fort represents a pre-Norman fortification in the area.

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    It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, appropriate to the see, and comprising, with the parish of Loughbraccan, the perpetual cure of Nobber, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £360. 9-, the whole payable to the Bishop : the income of the perpetual curate arises from £55. 7- paid by the bishop, and from the glebe, which comprises 40 acres, valued at £70 per annum. The glebe-house was erected in 17B9, by a gift of £150 from the Board of First Fruits. The church is a plain structure, built in 1*71 by parish cess. In the Roman Catholic divisions Nobber is the head of a district, comprising this parish and that of Cruisetown, in each of which is a chapel ; that of Nobber is a neat and appropriate edifice, of modern erection, faced with hewn stone. Considerable remains of a religious foundation, supposed to have belonged to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, are in the churchyard ; as is also a monument of the Cruise family, of the date I6l9, erected to the memory of Gerald Cruise, of Brittas, and Margaret Pluukett, his wife. Near the town is a very large circular Danish fort, the summit of which commands an extensive prospect. Nobber is the birth-place of the celebrated Irish harper, Carolan, the last of the native bards, who was born in I67O, and became blind at a very early period of his life from the effects of the small pox.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 216

44. Large cromlech near Kilnagross church

    Kilnagross · parish · Cork

    On the summit of an eminence about a mile eastward from the church in Kilnagross parish are the remains of a very large cromlech. The parish church itself was rebuilt in 1838 as a very neat edifice.

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    KILNAGROSS, or Kilnacross, a parish, in the union of Bandon, Eastern division of the barony of East Carbery, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 2 miles (N. E.) from Clonakilty, on the road to Bandon ; containing 2060 inhabitants. It comprises 3764 statute acres, of which about 100 acres are waste land or bog, and the remainder arable : agriculture is in an improving state, the heavy wooden plough being now nearly out of use ; sea-sand is used for manure. There is a quarry of excellent slate at Forkhill, and a large flour-mill at Shannon Vale. The principal seats are Shannon Vale, Fort Prospect, Ballymacowen, Castle View, and Kilnagross Cottage. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ross, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £2*7. The church, which was rebuilt in 1838, is a very neat edifice. There is now no glebe, though formerly, as appears by the Down survey, eight acres belonged to the parish ; the rector pays rent for his house. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Clonakilty. A parochial school is aided by the rector, and endowed with a house and an acre of land by T. Hodnet, Esq. ; there is also a Sunday school. On the summit of an eminence, about a mile eastward from the church, are the remains of a very large cromlech.

    KILNALECK, a village, in the parish of Kildrumferton, barony of Castleraghan, union and county of Cavan, and province of Ulster, 8 miles (S. W.) from Cavan, and on the road from Mount-Nugent to Ballyjamesduff, in connexion with which latter town here is a receiving-house for letters ; there are 327 inhabitants. This village, which contains about 74 houses, has been lately in a great measure rebuilt. It is a constabulary police station ; and has fairs for cattle on Feb. 2nd, March 25th, May 13th, June 11th and 29th, Aug. 10th and 26th, Sept. 11th, Nov. 1st, and Dec. I'th.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 49

45. Large deer horns found at Dardistown

    Dardistown · townland · Meath

    Three heads of deer with uncommonly large horns were found imbedded in the earth at Dardistown, believed to have belonged to animals of the moose-deer kind.

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    Fossils of various kinds have also been discovered in several of the small bogs. The fossil remains of moosedeer were discovered a few miles from Kells, imbedded in marl beneath a bog, within an inclosure of circular form, which is conjectured to have been used for entrapping the animals : the remains were very numerous. Three heads of deer with uncommonly large horns were also found imbedded in the earth a.t Dardistowu ; they are supposed to have belonged to animals of the moosedeer kind.

    The MANUFACTURES of the county are small and unimportant, except for domestic consumption. The weaving of sacking and sheeting employs a good many hands, particularly on the borders of the county towards Drogheda ; the yarn is mostly brought from the northern counties. Near Navan is a mill for the manufacture of coarse paper ; the straw-plat and bonnet trade is carried on, more or less, in the principal towns ; coarse pottery, bricks, flat and pan tiles, &c., are made in and around Knock ; and there are tanneries in all the larger towns. Flour-mills on a very large scale are numerous on the Boyue and Blackwater, where vast quantities of flour are annually manufactured ; there are distilleries and breweries in Navan and other places ; cider is made, but of inferior quality.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

46. Large Fort at Earlsrath

    Earlsrath · townland · Kilkenny

    Earlsrath, in Kilbeacon parish, was the site of a large fort, encompassed by a fosse and a bank about 20 feet high.

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    KILBEACON, a parish, in the union of Waterford, barony of Knocktopher, county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster, 8 miles (S. by E.) from Knocktopher, on the road from Kilkenny to Waterford ; containing 1362 inhabitants, and 3402| statute acres. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, united to the vicarages of Rosinan and Killahy, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is appropriate to the vicarschoral of the cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £85. 10., of which £57 are payable to the vicars-choral, and the remainder to the vicar : there is a glebe of 16 acres attached to the vicarage, and one of 19 acres belonging to the vicarschoral J but no glebe-house. The church was built in 1826, by aid of a gift of £600 from the Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish forms part of the district of Mulliuarat. At Earlsrath was a large fort, encompassed by a fosse and a bank about 20 feet high.

    KILBEACONTY, or Kilveconty, a parish, in the union of Gort, barony of Kiltartan, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, 2^ miles (N. N. E.) from Gort, on the road from that place to Portumna ; containing 4575 inhabitants. This parish comprises 12,473f statute acres, and contains good lime and building stone : agriculture has been much improved by draining, and reclaiming the mountain. The seats are Russan, Lysbrian, Rendifin, Ballyturin, and Cloon. Kilbeaconty is in the diocese of Kilmacduagh ; the rectory is partly appropriate to the archdeaconry, and partly, with the vicarage, forms a portion of the union and corps of the deanery of Kilmacduagh. The tithe rent-charge is £146. 5., of which £15 are payable to the archdeacon, and the remainder to the dean. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has a good chapel, built in 1837. A national school was built in 1836, on the estate of J. O'Hara, Esq.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 14

47. Large high moat opposite the church in Street parish

    Street · parish · Westmeath

    Opposite the church in the parish of Street is a large high moat, noted as an antiquity of the area.

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    STREET, anciently Straid, a parish, partly in the barony of Ardagh, union and county of Longford, but chiefly in that of Moyggish, union of Granard, county of Westmeath, and province of Leinster, Si miles (X. by E.) from Rathowen ; on the river Inny and Lough Dereveragh, and on the road to Granard ; containing 3905 inhabitants. This parish comprises l6,722f statute acres, of which about 9500 are good land chiefly under tillage ; its eastern side is composed of vast tracts of bog, through which the Inny winds, and on the west is the county of Longford. The farms are large and for the most part well cultivated ; much draining and other improvements are going forward, especially on the estates of Major Blackall, and W. Wilson, Esq. ; green crops are coming into cultivation, and the people seem generally comfortable and contented. Here are quarries of very fine limestone, good black marble, and thin black flagstone. The seats are Colamber and Kildevin. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the patronage of Fulke Greville, Esq., in whom the rectory is impropriate; the tithe rent-charge is £276. 18. 6., one-half payable to the impropriator, and the other to the vicar. The glebe comprises 5 acres, valued at £10. 10. per annum ; the glebehouse was built by aid of £400 and a loan of £382, in 1812, from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is an ancient building, in good repair : divine service is also performed in two school-houses, at each extremity of the parish, on the evenings of the alternate Sundays throughout the year. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; the chapel is at Boherquil. A loan fund with a capital of upwards of £3000, has been productive of much good. At Colamber are the ruins of a castle, which was besieged by Oliver Cromwell ; and the ruins of an old church and burial-ground : the castle formed the boundary of the English pale. There are also the remains of an old church with a burial-place at Clonmore, anciently a monastery of the order of St. Bernard, founded by St. Fintan about the 13th century. Opposite the church is a large high moat. At Kennard, in the parish, was a nunnery. In the midst of the bog is a mineral spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 304

48. Large moat at Kill village

    Kill · town · Kildare

    A large moat is situated in the village of Kill, County Kildare, representing a notable antiquity in the area. It is located near Heartwell, about a mile eastward.

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    good quality, and principally under tillage. The village of Kill consists of 73 houses. Bishopscourt is the handsome residence of the Hon. F. Ponsonby ; and here is also the seat of Mrs. Hendrick, in the demesne of which are the picturesque ruins of the old church at KerdilTstowu. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare, episcopally united to the rectory of Lyons, and held with the imiiropriate parish of Whifechurch ; the rectory is partly impropriate in the Earl of Mayo and partly appropriate to the vicarage. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £522. 10., of which £228. 15. are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the incumbent ; the entire tithe of the benefice of the incumbent is £351. 7. 6. The church is a very neat structure, with a square tower and lofty spire, built in 1822 by aid of a loan of £2000 from the late Board of First Fruits, and recently repaired by a grant of £144 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners ; it has an organ, which was given by the Earl of Mayo. The glebe-house was built in 1829, at a cost exceeding £1100, by the then incumbent : the glebe here consists of eight acres, and there are also seven acres in Whitechurch. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is partly in the union or district of Newbridge, and partly the head of a union comprising the remainder of Kill and the entire parishes of Lyons, Bodenstown, and Furnace, and containing a chapel at Ardclough, in Lyons, and one at Kill, which is a remarkably neat building with a tower and spire, completed in 1826. In the village is a school under the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity ; the school-house, an ornamental building, is kept in repair by the Earl of Mayo. There are also national schools. Here is a large moat ; and about a mile eastward is Heartwell, formerly a castellated mansion surrounded by a fosse. Numerous skeletons have been found in turning up the ground. Near Heartwell is a rivulet, on the bank of which are extensive depositions of calcareous tufa, which are hardened by exposure to the air, and, although very porous, are sometimes used in building. Extensive ramifications of stalactite are also found.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 32

49. Large moat at western extremity of Navan

    Navan · town · Meath

    At the western extremity of Navan stands a large moat of considerable elevation, commanding a very extensive prospect from its summit. It is a notable landscape feature of the town.

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    The parish comprises 3344f statute acres. The land is of middling quality, and about two-thirds of it are under tillage ; the system of agriculture is much improved, and there is very little waste or bog. Limestone of good quality abounds, and is quarried both for burning into lime and for building. Among the principal seats are, Boyne Hill, beautifully situated on the bank of the river ; Belmont ; and a handsome residence recently erected near the road to Dublin, by L. Byron, Esq., jM.D., and commanding some pleasing views. In the immediate vicinity of the town, within the limits of Donaghmore parish, is Black Castle, a handsome seat, in a tastefully improved demesne. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, united by act of council, in the I'th century, to the rectories of Ardsallagh and Donaghmore, and in the patronage of the Crown. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £206. 5. : the glebe of the union comprises 15| statute acres, valued at £23. 15. per annum ; and the gross revenue of the benefice, before the passing of the Rent-charge act, was £738. 15. The church, towards the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted f'S^G, is a neat edifice, built (with the exception of the old tower, of elegant design) in ISIS, at au expense of £1*00, of which £600 were a gift and £1100 a loan from the late Board of First Fruits; it contains a handsome. organ, presented by Mrs. Savage. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Donaghmore, Ardsallagh, and Bective : the principal chapel is a Grecian edifice upon an extensive scale ; there is also a chapel at Bective. Near the principal chapel is the convent of the Ladies of Loretto, a handsome edifice, attached to which are two schoolrooms, one in connexion with the National Board. The Navan endowed school was founded by Alderman Preston, of Dublin, who by will bequeathed SOD plantation agres of land in Queen's county, of which he appropriated seven-sixteenth parts to this school, five to a similar school at Ballyroan, and four-sixteenths to the Blue-Coat School in Dublin ; the course of education includes an efficient preparation for the University, for which the charge must not exceed one guinea per quarter : the appointment of the master is vested in the Rev. Joseph Preston, of Bellinter. There is also a Roman Catholic seminary for students intended for the priesthood or any of the learned professions : the school is under the superintendence of three clergymen ; the premises are extensive, and annexed to them is a private chapel. The County Infirmary, at Navan, is a plain building, not well adapted to its purpose ; the fever hospital is of recent date, and contains ample accommodation of a superior kind. There are also a charitable loan society, entirely supported by Mrs. Fitzherbert ; and a society for the relief of the sick poor. The union workhouse, on a site of 6i acres purchased for £518, was completed in 1841, at a cost of £5700, and is constructed to receive 500 inmates. At the western extremity of the town is a large moat of considerable elevation, commanding from its summit a very extensive prospect.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 197

50. Large rath in Kinsalebeg parish

    Kinsalebeg · parish · Waterford

    A large rath, an ancient earthen fortification, exists in the parish of Kinsalebeg, County Waterford. No further details of its form or location within the parish are provided.

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    KINSALEBEG, a parish, in the union of Dun- GARVAN, barony of DECiES-within-DRUM, county of Waterford, and province of Munster, separated from the town of Youghalby the river Black water; containing 3250 inhabitants. The parish comprises 5789 statute acres. The soil is fertile ; and there is a ferry to Youghal : at Piltown is a large flour-mill. The principal seats are D Laughtane House, Monatrea, Mayfield, Woodbine Hill, Springfield, Bayview, Rock Lodge, Harbour View, and Ring. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, united to that of Lisgenan, and in the gift of the Duke of Devonshire, in whom the rectory is impropriate : the tithe rent-charge of Kinsalebeg is £607. 11., two-thirds payable to the impropriator and one-third to the vicar ; and the tithe of the entire vicarial benefice is £352. 10. The glebe of the union comprises 12 acres. The church is a neat structure, erected by a gift of £600 from the Board of First Fruits, in 1821. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Clashmore, and has a chapel at Piltown. Near D'Laughtane House was formerly a castle, called Ballyheny : Piltown was the residence of Judge Walsh, the supposed author of the commission to the insurgents in the reign of Charles I. There is a large rath in the parish.

    KINSEALY, a parish, in the union of Balrothery, barony of Coolock, county of Dublin, and province of Leinster, li mile (S.) from Malahide ; containing 718 inhabitants. It comprises 2129 statute acres, and is well cultivated ; Feltrim Hill, on which are the remains of an encampment, command magnificent sea and moun-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 59

51. Large rath near Kilkee attributed to the Danes

    Kilkee · town · Clare

    Near Kilkee there is a large rath that is attributed to the Danes. The site is referenced in connection with the antiquities of the Kilkee area.

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    chapel still exist, with a burial-ground attached. Near Moore bay is a small rocky island, nearly inaccessible from the height of its cliffs ; it is traditionally stated that a bishop was at some former period here starved to death, and the place is still called Ilawn an uspiig usthig, or " the Island of the Starved Bishop." Near Kilkee is a large rath, attributed to the Danes. — See Kilkee.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 24

52. Last wolf in Ulster hunted from Binevenagh to Dungiven

    near Binevenagh · mountain or mountain range · Derry · 1737

    The last wolf known to exist in Ulster was started upon Benyevenagh about a hundred years before the text's publication and hunted into the woods near Dungiven, where it was killed.

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    the inland towns. The widgeon, heron, curlew, and seagull also frequent these shores ; pigeons are so abundant as to cause much annoyance to the farmers. The parish is remarkable for one of the largest rabbitwarrens in Ireland. In 1"S6, it was worth £1.'jOO per annum : the number of skins about that time sold annually amounted to three or four thousand dozen ; they were purchased by the hatters. The price lately fell from 15s. to 3j. per dozen ; the present price is 10s. a dozen for rabbits in their skins, that is, the skins included, which sum is given to the farmers at their own doors, by purchasers from England. The discovery of cheaper materials for the manufacture occasioned the depression ; and a diminution in quantity has been caused, partly by the havoc committed on the rabbits by rats of the Norway breed, which have increased here to a most pernicious degree, not only as regards the warren, but in the corn-fields and about the haggards ; and partly by the increased culture of rye on the sandy lands, which, by the judicious exertions of the late proprietor, are gradually being converted from their unproductive state into arable land. The process adopted to produce this beneficial effect is, the covering of the surface with soil, mud, and shells, brought up in boats from the banks of Lough Foyle, near the mouth of the Roe. About 50 years since, foxes were so abundant that the parish vestry gave a reward of Is. fur every skin brought in ; they are now extirpated. The lart wolf known to exist in Ulster was started about a hundred years since upon Benyevenagh, and hunted into the woods near Dungiven, where it was killed.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 312

53. Latteragh laid waste by Tirlogh, son of Teig-Caoluiske, 1304

    Latteragh · townland · Tipperary · 1304

    In 1304 the neighbourhood of Latteragh was laid waste by Tirlogh, son of Teig-Caoluiske, King of Thomond, who spared only the churches and dwellings of the clergy. No further notice of the monastery occurs after this period and no remains of the buildings survive.

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    LATTERAGH, a parish, in the barony of Upper Ormond, county of Tipperary, and province of Mun- STER, 35 miles (N. by W.) from Burris-o'-leagh, and on the new line of road from Nenagh to Clonmel ; containing 1132 inhabitants. This place was celebrated at a very early period for its monastery, the foundation of which is uncertain. It became an extensive seat of learning; and St. Odran of Leatrach-odhraiu, who died in 548, presided over the establishment, in which were at that time not less than 3000 monks. In 1304, the neighbourhood was laid waste by Tirlogh, son of Teig- Caoluiske, King of Thomond, who spared only the churches and the dwellings of the clergy. From this period no further notice of the monastery occurs, neither are there any remains of the buildings. The parish comprises 406.t statute acres. The li.ing is a rectory, in the diocese of Killaloe, united at a period unknown to the rectory and vicarage of Innisdadrom, together constituting the corps of the precentorship in the cathedral of Killaloe, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £103. I7. There is neither church, glebe-house, nor glebe.

    LATTIN, a parish, in the union of Tipperary, barony of Clanwilliam, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4| miles (S. W.) from Tipperary; 208

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 64

54. Latteragh monastery and St. Odran, died 548

    Latteragh · townland · Tipperary

    Latteragh was celebrated at a very early period for its monastery, which became an extensive seat of learning. St. Odran of Leatrach-odhraiu, who died in 548, presided over the establishment with not less than 3000 monks.

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    LATTERAGH, a parish, in the barony of Upper Ormond, county of Tipperary, and province of Mun- STER, 35 miles (N. by W.) from Burris-o'-leagh, and on the new line of road from Nenagh to Clonmel ; containing 1132 inhabitants. This place was celebrated at a very early period for its monastery, the foundation of which is uncertain. It became an extensive seat of learning; and St. Odran of Leatrach-odhraiu, who died in 548, presided over the establishment, in which were at that time not less than 3000 monks. In 1304, the neighbourhood was laid waste by Tirlogh, son of Teig- Caoluiske, King of Thomond, who spared only the churches and the dwellings of the clergy. From this period no further notice of the monastery occurs, neither are there any remains of the buildings. The parish comprises 406.t statute acres. The li.ing is a rectory, in the diocese of Killaloe, united at a period unknown to the rectory and vicarage of Innisdadrom, together constituting the corps of the precentorship in the cathedral of Killaloe, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £103. I7. There is neither church, glebe-house, nor glebe.

    LATTIN, a parish, in the union of Tipperary, barony of Clanwilliam, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4| miles (S. W.) from Tipperary; 208

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 64

55. Lea Castle ruins on the River Barrow

    Lea · townland · Laois

    On the bank of the River Barrow stand the remains of an ancient castle, consisting of a massive round tower with several quadrangular buildings enclosed within massive walls pierced with embrasures. The whole presents an imposing and venerable appearance from the river.

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    part of the district of Portarlington, Emo, and Killeynard ; the chapel, at Killeyuard, has been rebuilt. At Portarlington and Ballybrittas are dispensaries. Ruins e.xist of the old churches of Old Lea, Tierhoghar, and Ballyadden ; and on the bank of the river Barrow are the remains of the ancient castle, consisting of a massive round tower, with several quadrangular buildings, apparently parts of the original structure, and of great strength; the whole inclosed within massive walls pierced with embrasures, and presenting an imposing and venerable appearance as seen from the river. There are si.\ raths in the parish. Near Portarlington is a powerful chalybeate spa, efficacious in scorbutic cases.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 65

56. Lead and zinc mines in Slieve Croob, County Down

    near Slieve Croob · mountain or mountain range · Down

    In the parish of Kilmegan, County Down, lead-ore has been found in different parts. There are mines of lead and zinc in Slieve Croob, which rises 1755 feet above sea level on the northern boundary of the parish.

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    KILMEGAN, a parish, partly in the barony of Kinelarty, partly in Legale, but chiefly in Upper IvEAGH, union of Down Patrick, county of Down, and province of Ulster ; containing, with the post-town of Castlewellan (which is described under its own head), 7467 inhabitants. It comprises 13,971^ statute acres ; 1793 are in Kinelarty, 5983^ (of which 'Z'Z^ are water) in Lecale, and 6195^ (of which IO7 are water) in Upper Iveagh. Of the entire surface, about 500 are woodland. 800 pasture, 150 bog, and the remainder arable. The greater part of the townland of Murlough is covered with sand, which is constantly drifted in from Dundrum bay ; the laud near Castlewellan is stony, cold, and marshy, but in other parts of the parish the soil is rich and well cultivated. There are several quarries of granite ; lead-ore has been found in different parts, and there are mines of lead and zinc in Slieve-Croob, and in the hill above Dundrum, which see. Slieve-Croob, situated on the northern boundary of the parish, rises 1755 feet above the level of the sea. The principal seats are, that of Earl Annesley at Castlewellan lake ; Ballywillwill ; Mount Panther ; Wood Lodge ; Woodlawn ; Greenvale : Annsbro' ; and Clanvaraghan. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Down, forming part of the union of Kilkeel ; the tithe rent-charge is £375. The church is a large handsome edifice, for the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £109; divine service is also performed in the market-house at Castlewellan. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, called Castlewellan, and has chapels at Castlewellan, Aughlisnafin, and Ballywillwill. At Castlewellan are likewise meeting-houses for Presbyterians of the General Assembly, and Wesleyan Methodists. The parochial school, near the church, is supported by the Marquess of Down-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 44

57. Lead mine at Ballyhighland, Rossdroit parish

    Ballyhighland · townland · Wexford

    A lead mine at Ballyhighland on the border of Rossdroit parish was worked about 30 years before publication, then re-opened by a mining company, but was again closed in the spring of 1845. The mine represents the industrial history of the area.

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    were forfeited to the Crown by Peirse Butler, Esq., in 1641 ; and in 166* were incorporated, and assigned, under the Act of Settlement, to the incumbent of Rossdroit, otherwise Templescobin, at the annual rent of £]. 11. 3|. In 1806 the townlands of Clohass and Scobin were separated from Rossdroit, and constituted a distinct parish, under the name of Templescobin, u-hich see. The parish, which is supposed to derive part of its name from a bridge over a small stream falling into the river Boro near the village of Clough, comprises Sl66:| statute acres, chiefly under tillage; the soil is light, and the state of agriculture is improving, but limestone for manure is not to be obtained nearer than Enniscorthy. At Ballyhighland, on the border of the parish, is a lead-mine, which was worked about 30 years since ; it was lately re-opened by a mining company, but was again closed in the spring of 1845. Fairs for cattle are held at Moneyhore on the 25th of Feb., March, and May, on Oct. 2nd, and Dec. 7th ; four of these are held by patent, for which a fee of 15s. per annum is paid to the crown by Wm. Conlan, Esq., of Dublin.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 265

58. Lead mine at Caim wrought for several years

    Caim · townland · Wexford

    A lead mine was discovered at Caim and worked for several years. The works were lately resumed at the time of writing.

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    A lead-mine was discovered at Caim, and wrought for several years : the works were lately resumed. At Clonmines the remains of an ancient mine are still to be traced ; and galena has been found here, partly adhering to quartz and rhomboidal ironstone, and partly thrown on shore after storms by which portions of the cliff had been torn away. The old heaps in the neighbourhood are supposed to be the remains of the silvermines said to have been worked by the ancient Ostmen. At Kerlogue, near Wexford, is a small vein of copperore, of the malachite or carbonated green copper-ore species. Specimens of plun)bago were foimd, about twelve years since, at Greenfield, near Enniscorthy ; and in quarrying for stone at Bloomfield, in the same neighbourhood, about ten years ago, some fine specimens of asbestos wei-e discovered, the only ones known to exist within the county. The horns and bones of the moose-deer have been found in the alluvial districts both on the east and south, where there is marl. About ten years since, a perfect fossil skeletcm of the Cervus Megaceros, or gigantic horned deer of Ireland, was found at Ballyhuskard, near the bog of Itty, exceeding in its dimensions the fossil deer in the Dublin museum.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 396

59. Lead mine in Keady parish

    near Keady · town · Armagh

    A lead mine was opened in the parish of Keady and wrought for a few years by the Mining Company of Ireland, but the workings have since been discontinued.

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    The parish, including part of Armagh-Breague, comprises 1 5,35 if statute acres, of which 208 are under water ; the soil is generally light and stony, but in some parts loamy and rich. The system of agriculture is improving, and there is a considerable quantity of bog, affording a valuable supply of fuel ; nearly the whole of the waste land has been inclosed, and brought into a good state of cultivation. There are several quarries of building-stone: a lead-mine was opened here and wrought, a few years since, by the Mining Company of Ireland, but has been discontinued. The scenery is in many places highly picturesque : in the vicinity of the town, and on the road from Armagh, more than 100,000 trees of different kinds have been planted within the last few years. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Primate ; the tithe rent-charge is £242. 6. The church, a neat plain edifice, was erected in 17*6, by Primate Robinson, and was enlarged and a tower added to it in 1822, by aid of a loan of £300 from the late Board of First Fruits ; it was again enlarged a few years ago, at a cost of £506, of which £306 were a grant from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house was built in 1777, by aid of a gift of £100 from the Board ; the glebe comprises 40 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also Derrynoose, and containing three chapels, situated at Keady (a plain cruciform edifice), Derrynoose, and Madden. There are places of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and for Wesleyan Methodists 5 also a dispensary, with an infirmary

    K i: L L

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 1

60. Lead mine opened 1775 at Kilteevoge, Donegal

    Kilteevoge · parish · Donegal · 1775

    A lead mine was opened in 1775 in the parish of Kilteevoge, County Donegal, but was soon abandoned as unprofitable. The parish was formed by separating townlands from Stranorlar.

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    considerable quantity of reclaimable bog, and some mountain land which is used for grazing. A lead-mine was opened in 1775, but was soon relinquished as unprofitable. Fairs are held at Cloghanbeg on Feb. 1st, May 19th, Aug. 25th, and Nov. 19th, for cattle, yarn, linen, and drugget. The principal seats are, Cloghan Lodge, the property of Sir T. C. Style, Bart. ; and Glenmore. A manorial court formerly held here was discontinued in 1831. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Rector of Stranorlar, to whom the rectory is appropriate : the tithe rent-charge is £94. 10. The perpetual curate's income consists of £50 late currency from the rector of Stranorlar, £25 from Primate Boulter's fund, and the glebe, vahied at £16 per annum. The glebe-house was built in 1799 by a gift of £150 and a loan of £50 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 30 acres. The church is a plain building. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and is called Glenfin, at which place is the chapel, a plain building erected in 1835 by subscription. Here is a dispensary.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57