A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Thurles: Daniel O'Brien defeats English in battle

   Thurles · town · Tipperary

   Daniel O'Brien of Thomond attempted to dispossess the English of the surrounding tract of country. The contending parties met at Thurles, where a battle ensued and the English were defeated.

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   The first English army that penetrated into this part of the island was led in person by Henry \\., who, in 1 172, advanced from Waterford, and on the banks of the Suir received the submissions of the surrounding chieftains of the south ; but on his return these submissions were for the most part retracted, and hostilities with the English commenced by the march of Earl Strongbow with an army to Cashel. Here he reviewed his troops ; and having received information of the strength and posture of the enemy, he sent to Dublin, for the aid of the Ostmen forces enlisted in the English service there. When this auxiliary force had advanced as far as Thurles, it was suddenly attacked by O'Brien of Thomond so successfully, that the four principal leaders and 400 men were slain ; upon which, Strongbow made a precipitate retreat to Waterford. Afterwards Prince John, to secure the southern part of the county in subjection to the English authority, ordered the erection of castles at Ardfinnan and Tipperary. The next ereat struggle originated in an attempt made by Daniel O'Brien, of Thomond, to dispossess the English of this tract of country ; he levied a considerable force, and the contending parties having met at Thurles, a battle ensued in which the English were discomfited. But 582

   this did not put an end to the contest ; the English still continued to ravage the territories of O'Brien, and to increase the number of their castles, which they gradually extended towards the Shannon.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

2. Thurles: O'Brien routs English auxiliary force

   Thurles · town · Tipperary · 1172–1173

   An auxiliary force of Ostmen, sent from Dublin to aid Strongbow at Cashel, was attacked near Thurles by O'Brien of Thomond. Four principal leaders and 400 men were slain, forcing Strongbow's precipitate retreat to Waterford.

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   The first English army that penetrated into this part of the island was led in person by Henry \\., who, in 1 172, advanced from Waterford, and on the banks of the Suir received the submissions of the surrounding chieftains of the south ; but on his return these submissions were for the most part retracted, and hostilities with the English commenced by the march of Earl Strongbow with an army to Cashel. Here he reviewed his troops ; and having received information of the strength and posture of the enemy, he sent to Dublin, for the aid of the Ostmen forces enlisted in the English service there. When this auxiliary force had advanced as far as Thurles, it was suddenly attacked by O'Brien of Thomond so successfully, that the four principal leaders and 400 men were slain ; upon which, Strongbow made a precipitate retreat to Waterford. Afterwards Prince John, to secure the southern part of the county in subjection to the English authority, ordered the erection of castles at Ardfinnan and Tipperary. The next ereat struggle originated in an attempt made by Daniel O'Brien, of Thomond, to dispossess the English of this tract of country ; he levied a considerable force, and the contending parties having met at Thurles, a battle ensued in which the English were discomfited. But 582

   this did not put an end to the contest ; the English still continued to ravage the territories of O'Brien, and to increase the number of their castles, which they gradually extended towards the Shannon.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

3. Thurles: territory of the O'Fogarty sept

   Thurles · town · Tipperary

   The O'Fogarty family held superior rank in the territory around Thurles, anciently called Hy Fogarta. This was one of several named tribal territories in pre-Norman Tipperary.

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   The inhabitants of this portion of the island are designated by Ptolemy the Coriondi. ^ngus Mf^Nafrach, King of Munster in the fifth century, is said to have enlarged the territory of the powerful tribe of the Desii, occupying the present county of Waterlbrd, by the addition of the southern part of Tipperary, then forming a district called Magh Femin, but afterwards designated Desie Thuasgeart or North Desie, to distinguish it from the southern lands of the sept. According to Vallancey, the chiefs of Magh Femin, whose principal residence was on the Rock of Cashel, obtained the name of Hij dun iia nioi, or " the chiefs of the hill of the plain," rendered by corruption O'Donnohue ; and horn them descended the Mac Carthies. The Desii maintained a separate sovereignty until overpowered by the first English invaders, against whom, however, they carried on a sanguinary and protracted struggle. The families then holding superior rank were those of O'Fogarty, occupying the territory about Thurles, anciently called Hi/ Fogarta ; O'Brien, possessing the tract bordering on the Shannon, below Lough Derg, called Aradh Cliach, and forming the present barony of Owney and Arra ; and OKennedy, who held Muscraighe Thire, now the baronies of Upper and Lower Ormond. The names of several other small districts have also been preserved, such as C'orcn Eathrach, including the country around Holy Cross and Cashel, and forming a considerable part of Goulin, or the Golden Vale ; Enganacht, a territory and sept to the north of this, near Thurles ; and Hy-Kerrin still further north. Ormond, the name of the northern part of the county, signifies East Munster.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

4. Tier Mac Bran Castle ruins at Inchiquin lake

   Inchiquin · townland · Clare

   The ruins of Tier Mac Bran Castle are situated near the shore of Inchiquin lake in the parish of Rath, County Clare. The parish also comprises portions of the lakes of Inchiquin and Tadane.

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   RATH, a parish, in the union of Ennistymon, barony of Inchiquin, county of Clare, and province of MuNSTER, 5| miles (N. \V.) from Ennis, on the road' to Ennistymon ; containing '2647 inhabitants. It comprises 8489 statute acres ; a considerable portion consists of coarse pasture, and the remainder of good arable land. The parish extends to the bridge at Corofin, and comprises portions of the lakes of Inchiquin and Tadane, noticed in the article on Kilneboy : at Riverston is a chief station of the constabulary police. The scats are Adelphi, Clifden, Roxton, Applevale, WiUbrook, and Riverston. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe : the rectory was united in 1803 to that of Dysert, together constituting the corps of the prebend of Rath, in the patronage of the Marquess of Thomoud ; and the vicarage forms part of the union and corps of the prebend of Dysert. Of the tithe rentcharge, amounting to £57. 11., two-thirds are payable to the prebendary, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Corofin ; the chapel, a small plain building, is at Liscullane. The ruins of the church stand near the margin of a small lake ; near them are those of the castle of Rath, and in the vicinity, those of a castle called O'Nial's Court, formerly the residence of the chieftains of that family. A large monumental stone near the castle records its destruction, and that of part of the family, by lightning. The ruins of Tier Mac Bran Castle are situated near the shore of Inchiquin lake.

   RATH, a village, in the parish of Drumcullin, union of Parsonstown, barony of Eglish, King's county, and province of Leinster, 5 miles (W.) from Frankford, on the road to Parsonstown : the population is returned with the parish. Here is a Roman Catholic chapel belonging to the district of Eglish.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 245

5. Timber woods of Murrisk on Marquess of Sligo's estate

   near Murrisk · townland · Mayo

   The barony of Murrisk is noted for its abundance of timber, chiefly found on the Marquess of Sligo's property, while several other baronies in Mayo are nearly bare of trees. Clanmorris also exhibits woods of fine full-grown timber.

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   in the neighbourhood of Westport. In general the baronies of Tyravvlcy, Burrishoole, Gallen, and Costello, are nearly bare of timber ; in Murrisk it abounds, chiefly on the Marquess of Sligo's property ; as also in Clanmorris, which exhibits some woods of fine full-grown timber ; but in Carragh the plantations are few.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 147

6. Timoleague abbey reoccupied and repaired

   Timoleague · town · Cork · 1553–1603

   During the reign of Mary, the monks retook possession of Timoleague abbey. In 1603, Roman Catholics again occupied it and completely repaired it in every part.

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   to the south more than 12 yards long, and on the south of the nave is an open arcade, extending round one side of the transept, and supported by seven irregular arches resting on cylindrical and square pillars without capitals. The windows are varied in their style and elevation : the east window is composed of three lofty lights, divided by stone mullions ; the south window of the transept is also of three lancet-shaped lights, and the great west window of two. On the east side of the south transept is an oratory with light and elegant window's, and those of the nave are pointed, square-headed, obtuse, and ogee. The division or screen between the nave and choir is by a lofty arch, on which rests a small light square tower, 68 feet high ; and beneath this tower is a narrow and curious passage similar to those leading to the rood-loft in English cathedrals. The dormitories, refectory, and other domestic edifices are remaining. During the reign of Mary, the monks retook possession of this abbey ; and iu 1603, the Roman Catholics again occupied it, and completely repaired it in every part. In 1518, Edmund Courcy, Bishop of Ross, was buried here ; he had built the scjuare tower, now so conspicuous an ornament, and also the dormitory and library. Timoleague was for several centuries the burial-place of the powerful families of Mac Carty Reagh, de Courcy, O'Cullan, O'Hea, and others. The castle belonging to Sir Roger Shaughnessy was besieged and burned in 1642, by Lord Forbes, who then set sail for the Shannon ; it was again taken from the Irish, in 1643, by Col. Myn.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 333

7. Timoleague as burial place of powerful families

   Timoleague · town · Cork

   Timoleague was for several centuries the burial-place of the powerful families of Mac Carty Reagh, de Courcy, O'Cullan, O'Hea, and others.

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   to the south more than 12 yards long, and on the south of the nave is an open arcade, extending round one side of the transept, and supported by seven irregular arches resting on cylindrical and square pillars without capitals. The windows are varied in their style and elevation : the east window is composed of three lofty lights, divided by stone mullions ; the south window of the transept is also of three lancet-shaped lights, and the great west window of two. On the east side of the south transept is an oratory with light and elegant window's, and those of the nave are pointed, square-headed, obtuse, and ogee. The division or screen between the nave and choir is by a lofty arch, on which rests a small light square tower, 68 feet high ; and beneath this tower is a narrow and curious passage similar to those leading to the rood-loft in English cathedrals. The dormitories, refectory, and other domestic edifices are remaining. During the reign of Mary, the monks retook possession of this abbey ; and iu 1603, the Roman Catholics again occupied it, and completely repaired it in every part. In 1518, Edmund Courcy, Bishop of Ross, was buried here ; he had built the scjuare tower, now so conspicuous an ornament, and also the dormitory and library. Timoleague was for several centuries the burial-place of the powerful families of Mac Carty Reagh, de Courcy, O'Cullan, O'Hea, and others. The castle belonging to Sir Roger Shaughnessy was besieged and burned in 1642, by Lord Forbes, who then set sail for the Shannon ; it was again taken from the Irish, in 1643, by Col. Myn.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 333

8. Timolin monastery and nunnery

   Timolin · townland · Kildare

   Timolin possessed a monastery of Regular Canons and a nunnery, indicating its former importance as a religious site.

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   of the buildings of AVu' Abbey, on the banks of the Liffey, are still to be seen ; and of .S7. H'olslan's, also on the LitTey, near Celbridge, two towers and two gateways yet exist. Timolin had a monastery of Regular Canons, and a nunnery ; at Tulhj, a mile south of Kildare, was a preceptory of the Knights Templars, the possessions of which are held in in c<immen<l<nn with the bishopric of Kildare : the abbeys of Clouagh, Cloncurry, Disert- Fulertagh,Glasnaoidhun,Grangenolvin,Kilbeggs, Knocknacrioth, Leixlip, and Tulachfobhair, arc known only by name.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 20

9. Tinnehinch and Henry Grattan's residence

   near Tinnehinch · townland · Wicklow · 1782–1837

   Tinnehinch, formerly part of Lord Powerscourt's estate, became the seat of James Grattan Esq. and was the favourite residence of his father Henry Grattan, purchased for him by a parliamentary vote of £50,000 in testimony of his efforts to obtain free trade with Great Britain in 1782.

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   KUrudderij, the splendid mansion of the Earl of Meath, though in this parish, is so closely connected with the parish of Bray that it is described under that head. Charlevillc, the beautiful seat of the Earl of Rathdowne, is a handsome mansion of granite, erected near the site of a former building, which was accidentally burnt down in 179'2 : it is finely situated in a richly wooded demesne of 196 acres, surrounded by the grounds of Powerscourt, and embellished with timber of extraordinary growth. Tinnehinch, formerly part of the estate of Lord Powerscourt, is now the seat of James Grattan, Esq., and svas the favourite residence of his father, the late Right Hon. Henry Grattan, for whom it was purchased by a vote of the Irish parliament, in testimony of their admiration of his splendid talents, and their gratitude for his unequalled exertions in obtaining a free trade with Great Britain, in I "8^2. It is beautifully situated close to the Glen of the Dargle, with the woods of which it communicates ; and the Dargle river flows through the grounds. The house is a plain building, and, previously to the purchase <if the estate (with other lands in the Queen's county) by the parliamentary grant of £50,000, was the principal inn of the county, and the frequent resort of that distinguished senator, who spent much of his early life amidst these enchanting scenes, in the cultivation

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 232

10. Tinnehinch bridge over the Barrow at Graignamanagh

    Tinnahinch · townland · Carlow

    Tinnehinch is a village in Carlow forming a suburb of Graignamanagh in Kilkenny, connected to it by a good stone bridge over the river Barrow.

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    TINNEHINCH, a village, in the parish and barony of St. Mvllin's, union of New Ross, county of Carlow, and province of Leinster, forming a suburb of the town of Graig or Graignamanagh, in the county of Kilkenny, with which it is connected by a good stone bridge over the river Barrow : the population is 321. — See Graig.

    TINT

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 334

11. Tintern Abbey converted into a residence

    Tintern · townland · Wexford

    Tintern Abbey has been converted into a private residence. Several former monastic houses at Ballyhack, Carnsore, and Clonmore now serve as parish churches.

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    The RELICS of ANTIQUITY anterior to the arrival of the English are very few, with the exception of monastic buildings. A fine tumulus or rath stands at Salville or Moatabeg, and another at Donamore, both in the neiglibourhood of Enniscorthy ; near Old Ross is also a rath or tumulus, and two of considerable extent are to be seen near Dunbrody. Smaller raths are scattered in numbers through the southern baronies : one of the most perfect is that at Ballytrent, near Broadway, which has a double mound and has been laid out as a pleasuregarden. There are remains of monasteries at Wexford town, Enniscorthy, St. John's to the south of Enniscorthy, Ferns, Dunbrody, Ross, and Clonmines. Tintern Abbey has been converted into a residence, and the houses of Ballyhack, Carnsore, and Clonmore, are now parish churches ; the remains of Glascarrig are also still visible, part being used as a barn. The sites of the other monastic buildings are either uncertain or wholly unknown : their names are Achadbabla, Airdnecoemhain, Arbensis, Ardladhrann, Camross, Disert- Cheandubhoin, Down, Drum-chaoin-chellaigh, Fionmagh, Horetown, Inverdaoile, lunisbeg, Innisfcal, Kildoghan or Killogan, Maghere-nuidhe, Seanbhotha, and Taghmon. There were religious houses on each of the little islands of Beg Erin and Dcrinis. Near Carnsore are the ruins of a very ancient chapel, called St. Vaugh's.

    The remains of castellated buildings are more numerous. At Wexford is White Castle, over against the entrance to the harbour ; also a castle within the town, since taken down and a barrack erected on its site. 659

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 397

12. Tintern Abbey founded after shipwreck

    Tintern · townland · Wexford · 1200

    A monastery at Tintern was founded by William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke, after he survived a shipwreck off the coast in 1200. He placed Cistercian monks from Tintern in Monmouth there, giving it the name Tintern Minor.

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    TINTERN, or Kinneagh, a parish, in the union of New Ross, barony of SHELnuuNE, county of Wexfokd, and province of Leinstf.r, 3 miles (N.) from Fethard, and on the road from Wexford to Duncannon Fort ; containing '^680 inhabitants. This place derives its name from a monastery founded here by William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke, after his escape from shipwreck off the coast in the year 1^00, in fulfilment of a vow made during his peril : in this monastery after its endowment and dedication to the Blessed Virgin, he placed monks from the Cistercian abbey of Tintern, in the county of Monmouth ; whence it obtained the appellation of Tintern Minor. In 144" the monastery had suffered such dilapidation that the abbot rebuilt the house at his own expense, and on that occasion obtained an act exempting him from all compulsory attendance in parliament.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

13. Tintern Abbey ruins and mansion conversion

    near Tintern Abbey · monument · Wexford

    Tintern Abbey is situated near the margin of the bay in a wooded demesne. The family mansion was formed principally from the chancel of the ancient conventual church, with the tower and part of the walls forming a picturesque feature.

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    The parish is bounded on the south-east by the bay of Bannow, and on the north-east by the river Blackwater. It comprises 6863 statute acres ; about onehalf consists of arable land, and the remainder of meadow and pasture, with a considerable portion of bog. The soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture is much improved, green crops for winter feeding having been introduced with success ; the cottages of the farmers and peasantry exhibit a considerable degree of neatness and comfort. The village of Tintern, which was contiguous to the abbey, was taken down some years since, and rebuilt on the townland of Saltmills, by which name it is now more generally known ; it is described under that head. An inlet from Bannow bay is navigable to the old bridge near the abbey, for lighters bringing limestone and coal ; and there is a small fishery. Fairs are held at Tintern on May I'ith, Sept. 21st, and Nov. 11th, and at Nash on June '24th, Aug. 15th, and Nov. 20th: the parish is a station of the constabulary police. Tintern Abbey is beautifully situated in a sequestered spot near the margin of the bay, and in the midst of a richly wooded demesne : the family mansion has been formed principally from the chancel of the ancient conventual church, of which the tower and part of the walls form a picturesque feature in the grounds ; but from the frequent alterations the abbey has undergone, these ruins have lost much of their original character. Subsequently to the formation of the present mansion, the ancient domestic buildings were removed, and the materials were used in the erection of the old chapel of ease near the abbey, and in that of the bridge before mentioned. About half way between Tintern and Clonmines is Thoria, or Tallough, a pleasantly situated residence, supposed to occupy the site of an ancient religious house, called Midway, from its position between the monasteries of Tintern and Clonmines.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

14. Tipperaghney Castle stately edifice

    near Tybroughney · street · Kilkenny

    The castle of Tipperaghney is a stately edifice whose builder is debated. Some attribute its erection to John, Earl of Morton, while others believe it was built by the Walshes, who were once the proprietors of the entire parish.

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    TIPPERAGIINEY, or Tyburoughny, a parish, in the union of Carrick-on-Suir, barony of Iverk, county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster, 2| miles (E. S. E.) from Carrick-on-Suir, on the road to Waterford ; containing 278 inhabitants. This place is supposed to have been of som^ importance in ancient times, and to have been at one period thickly inhabited. According to Archdall, St. Dominick, or Modomnoc, flourished here about the middle of the sixth century ; and the ruins of the church bear evidence of its remote antiquity. Here are remains of the foundations of a town, supposed to be of Danish origin, a tombstone still existing being sculptured with Danish characters ; also a mound of a conical form, encircled by a spacious fosse, and presenting a considerable area on its summit. The castle of Tipperaghney is a stately edifice, supposed by some to have been erected by John, Earl of Morton, while at Waterford, but by others attributed to the Walshes, once proprietors of the entire parish. The parish is situated on the northern bank of the Suir, and comprises about 1147 statute acres; a large stone on its western border marks the boundary between the county of Kilkenny, in the province of Leinster, and that of Tipperary, in Munster. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Fiddown : the tithe rent-charge is £67- 10. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Templeorum.

    TIPPER.\RY (County of), an inland county of the province of Munster, bounded on the east by the King's and Queen's counties, and that of Kilkenny ; on the south, by that of Waterford ; on the west, by those

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

15. Tipperaghney church ruins and St. Dominick

    near Tybroughney · street · Kilkenny · 550–560

    Tipperaghney, in County Kilkenny, was supposedly an important and thickly inhabited place in ancient times. St. Dominick, or Modomnoc, flourished here in the middle of the sixth century, and the ruins of the church still show evidence of remote antiquity.

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    TIPPERAGIINEY, or Tyburoughny, a parish, in the union of Carrick-on-Suir, barony of Iverk, county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster, 2| miles (E. S. E.) from Carrick-on-Suir, on the road to Waterford ; containing 278 inhabitants. This place is supposed to have been of som^ importance in ancient times, and to have been at one period thickly inhabited. According to Archdall, St. Dominick, or Modomnoc, flourished here about the middle of the sixth century ; and the ruins of the church bear evidence of its remote antiquity. Here are remains of the foundations of a town, supposed to be of Danish origin, a tombstone still existing being sculptured with Danish characters ; also a mound of a conical form, encircled by a spacious fosse, and presenting a considerable area on its summit. The castle of Tipperaghney is a stately edifice, supposed by some to have been erected by John, Earl of Morton, while at Waterford, but by others attributed to the Walshes, once proprietors of the entire parish. The parish is situated on the northern bank of the Suir, and comprises about 1147 statute acres; a large stone on its western border marks the boundary between the county of Kilkenny, in the province of Leinster, and that of Tipperary, in Munster. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Fiddown : the tithe rent-charge is £67- 10. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Templeorum.

    TIPPER.\RY (County of), an inland county of the province of Munster, bounded on the east by the King's and Queen's counties, and that of Kilkenny ; on the south, by that of Waterford ; on the west, by those

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

16. Tipperary town castle built by King John

    Tipperary · town · Tipperary · 1199–1272

    Tipperary town is of great antiquity, deriving its name from Tipra-Rae meaning 'the well of the plains,' situated at the base of the Slieve-na-muck hills. King John erected a castle here for defence of English-acquired territory, and Henry III founded an Augustinian monastery, both contributing to the town's growth.

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    TIPPERARY, a market-town, a parish, and the head of a union, in the barony of Clanwilliam, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 18:^ miles (W. N. W.) from Clonmel, and lOOf (S. W.) from Dublin, on the coach-road from Waterford to Limerick ; containing 731 1 inhabitants, of whom 5643 are in the town, which extends into the parishes of Corroge and Cardangan and contains altogether 7370 inhabitants. This place, which is of great antiquity, is supposed to have derived its name, Tipra-Rae, signifying in the Irish language " the well of the plains, " and of which its present appellation is only a slight modification, from its situation at the base of the Slieve-na-muck hills, forming a portion of the Galtee mountains. A castle was erected here by King John for the defence of the territory acquired by the English ; to which may be attributed the growth of the town ; and the subsequent foundation of a monastery for Augustinian canons in the reign of Henry HI. contributed materially to its increase. The town gives name to the county, and appears to have

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 342

17. Tipperary town: castle erected by order of Prince John

    Tipperary · town · Tipperary

    Prince John ordered the erection of castles at Tipperary and Ardfinnan to secure the southern part of the county under English authority.

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    The first English army that penetrated into this part of the island was led in person by Henry \\., who, in 1 172, advanced from Waterford, and on the banks of the Suir received the submissions of the surrounding chieftains of the south ; but on his return these submissions were for the most part retracted, and hostilities with the English commenced by the march of Earl Strongbow with an army to Cashel. Here he reviewed his troops ; and having received information of the strength and posture of the enemy, he sent to Dublin, for the aid of the Ostmen forces enlisted in the English service there. When this auxiliary force had advanced as far as Thurles, it was suddenly attacked by O'Brien of Thomond so successfully, that the four principal leaders and 400 men were slain ; upon which, Strongbow made a precipitate retreat to Waterford. Afterwards Prince John, to secure the southern part of the county in subjection to the English authority, ordered the erection of castles at Ardfinnan and Tipperary. The next ereat struggle originated in an attempt made by Daniel O'Brien, of Thomond, to dispossess the English of this tract of country ; he levied a considerable force, and the contending parties having met at Thurles, a battle ensued in which the English were discomfited. But 582

    this did not put an end to the contest ; the English still continued to ravage the territories of O'Brien, and to increase the number of their castles, which they gradually extended towards the Shannon.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 335

18. Tipperkevin church erected 1830, Kildare

    Tipperkevin · townland · Kildare · 1830–1837

    The church at Tipperkevin is a neat edifice in the later English style, erected in 1830 by aid of a grant of £900 from the Board of First Fruits. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £164 for its repair.

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    TIPPERKEVIN, a parish, in the union of Naas, barony of South Naas, county of Kildare, and province of Leinster, 3 miles (W. S. W.) from Blessington ; containing 744 inhabitants. This parish comprises 3751 statute acres, of a light gravelly soil; the state of agriculture is gradually improving, and a great number of calves are fattened here for the Dublin market. Slate exists, but is not at present worked. The parish is a rectory, in the diocese of Dublin, constituting the corps of the prebend of Tipperkevin in the cathedral of St. Patrick, Dublin, in the patronage of the Archbishop : the tithe rent-charge is £88. 7. 6., and there is a glebe of 80 acres. The church is a neat edifice in the later English style, erected in 1830 by aid of a grant of £900 from the Board of First Fruits ; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £164 for its repair. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Ballymore-Eustace. At Barretts-town are the ruined castle of that name, and an ancient burial-ground ; and at Slieve Ruagh. Dawdingstown, and Bishop's Hill, are moats or raths.

    TISSASSON.— See Teighsasson.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 343

19. Tobacco-pipe manufactory at Knockcroghery

    Knockcroghery · townland · Roscommon

    A manufactory for tobacco-pipes operated at Knockcroghery, while several small potteries existed in the vicinity of Roscommon town, utilising suitable clay found in the county.

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    Of other mineral productions, it remains only to state that clay suitable for potters' use and for tobacco-pipes is found in the county : in the vicinity of Roscommon are several small potteries ; and at Knockcroghery is a manufactory for tobacco-pipes. Fire-bricks have been made at different times from the fire-clay of the coal districts ; considerable quantities were lately produced at the Arigna works. Ironstone is found not only in the northern but likewise in the western part of the county, where it was formerly smelted in small quantities ; and between Mantua and Belanagare occurs a tough compound calcareous stone, containing pale, blueish, striated flints, resembling chalcedony and agate. Except the above, scarcely any manufactures are now carried on ; that of linen, which partially flourished while supported by bounties, having become nearly extinct when they were withdrawn ; and even the domestic manufacture of coarse flannels, striped woollens, and cotton stuffs, for home consumption, is injured by the rivalry of cheap goods from England. The commerce therefore consists in the export of agricultural produce ; in the extensive sales of cattle at the surrounding marts, of which Ballinasloe is the principal ; and in the importation of the foreign supplies required by the wealthier population.

    The chief rivers connected with the county are the Shannon and the Suck. The Shannon, from Lough Allen, throughout the whole of its course along the eastern frontier of the county, has been made navigable, notwithstanding its numerous rapids. The difficulties of the first seven miles and a half are obviated by a canal from Lough Allen, near Drumshanibo, to Battle- 482

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 260

20. Tollymore Park, seat of Earl of Roden

    Tollymore Park · townland · Down

    Tollymore Park is described as the elegant residence of the Earl of Roden, situated in a richly wooded and well-watered demesne within Kilcoo parish.

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    sides arc here covered with verdure, but the south and west sides present chiefly large tracts of bog. The principal seats are, Tollymore Park, the elegant residence of the Earl of Roden, situated in a ridily wooded and well watered demesne ; and Donard Lodge, the handsome mansion of Earl Annesley, erected in 1830 on the acclivity of Slieve Donard, and commanding some fine views. The parish is in the diocese of Down, and the rectory forms part of the union of Kilkeel and corps of the treasurership of the cathedral of Down ; the tithe rent-charge is £'225. The church, with the village of Kilcoo, was burnt in 1641, and in 1712 a church was built at Bryansford, which, being too small for the congregation, was considerably enlarged in 1806, when a tower was added to it ; the edifice was repaired by aid of a grant of £200 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1812. There is also a handsome church with a lofty spire at Newcastle, built in the year 1833, at the expense of Earl Annesley, who appoints the minister and pays his stipend. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish includes the districts of Bryansford and Kilcoo : there are two chapels, situated respectively at Bryansford and Ballymony ; and at Newcastle is a place of worship for Wesleyau Methodists. A school at Fofeny was founded in 1822, by the Earl of Roden, who also built another at Bryansford for boys, with a house for the master, in 1S26, and by whom both are supported. A school for girls at Bryansford, with a cottage for the mistress, the whole built in 1S22, is supported by the Countess of Roden ; and a large and handsome school-house has been lately built at Slievenaman, on Earl Annesley's propertj'. There are schools also at Lower Kilcoo, Ballymony, and Ardaghy. On the western side of the parish, at Lough Island Reavy, a reservoir has been constructed for supplying water to the river Bann in dry weather ; it covers an area of 2.^5 acres, and when filled will contain a supply for 13 weeks : the expense to the Bann Company has been estimated at £20,000. A new quay was lately erected at Newcastle, to afford shelter to vessels passing the channel in stormy weather ; the expense was defrayed by a grant from government, aided by a subscription from Earl Annesley : it is however at present in great need of repair.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

21. Tomb of Donogh, Earl of Thomond, in Limerick Cathedral

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    A splendid marble tomb of Donogh, the great Earl of Thomond, stands on the north side of the choir in St. Mary's Cathedral. It is composed of three compartments of marble of different colours, supported by Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite pillars, and decorated with his arms and trophies.

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    The CATHEDRAL, which is said to have been founded and endowed by Donald O'Brien, King of Limerick, and is dedicated to St. Mary, was enlarged by Donat O'Brien about the year 1200, greatly adorned by Bishop Eustace del Ewe early in the fourteenth century, partly re-edified by the citizens in 1490, much improved by Bishop Adams in the seventeenth century, carefully restored after the wars of the same century, and improved at various subsequent periods. It is a venerable Gothic building, in the English Town, surrounded with graduated battlements, and has at the west end a square tower ]10 feet high, containing 8 bells, and surmounted by turrets at the angles. The interior is composed of a nave and choir, separated from the aisles by pointed arches : the choir is 91 feet by 30, with a fine window at the east end ; the bishop's throne and the stalls of the dignitaries exhibit some curious carved work : there is a powerful organ. In the nave and aisles are several recesses, formerly endowed as chapels by various families ; two of these now form the consistorial court and the vestry ; and under the arches separating the aisles from the choir are galleries, for the corporation and the officers of the garrison. At the communion-table is a modern Gothic screen. Among the numerous monuments, besides those of several prelates, the most remarkable is the splendid tomb of Donogh, the great Earl of Thomond, on the north side of the choir ; it is composed of three compartments, of marble of different colours, is surrounded and supported by pillars of the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite orders, and decorated with his arms and various trophies. There is also a fine monument of the Galvvay family. Some of the unsightly old houses that surrounded the cathedral have been recently pulled down ; the approaches have been widened, and handsome iron railings, and a pair of gates opening into Quay-lane and fronting the New bridge, have been added.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 79

22. Tomb of Sir Patrick O'Neill in the French Church, Waterford

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1690

    In the vaults beneath the French Church is the tombstone of Sir Patrick O'Neill, a colonel in the army of James II who served at the Battle of the Boyne. He died of his wounds and was buried in this church.

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    The Holy-Ghost Hospital was originally a monastery of Friars Minor, founded in 1'240 by Sir Hugh Purcell. After the settlement of the French Huguenots in this city, a part of the building was appropriated to their u.se as a place of worship, and it still bears the name of the French Church ; the steeple is yet entire. In the vaults beneath are several curious monuments, but the inscriptions are now illeeible ; among these is the tombstone of Sir Patrick O'Neill, a colonel in the 646

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 388

23. Tomgraney abbey burned by O'Rourke of Breffny, 1084

    near Tomgraney · population centre · Clare · 1084

    In 1084 the abbey at Tomgraney was reduced to ashes by O'Rourke of Breffny. O'Rourke was overtaken and slain by the men of this county in retaliation.

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    TOMGRANEY, or Tomgrenei, a parish, in the union of Scariff, barony of Upper Tulla, county of Clare, and province of Munster ; containing, with the post-town of Scariff and the village of Tomgraney, 6113 inhabitants, of whom 371 are in the village. An abbey was founded here in the earliest age of Christianity in Ireland, and flourished for many centuries : in 886 and 994 it was plundered. The church and steeple were rebuilt in 964 by the venerable Cormac O'Killcen, abbot of this house as well as that of Roscommon, and both abbot and bishop of Clonmacnois. In 1027 the steeple is said to have been again rebuilt by the great Brien Boroimhe ; but in 1084 the abbey was reduced to ashes by O'Rourke of Breffny, who' was, however, overtaken and slain by the men of this county. In 1 164 it was again destroyed, and, after being rebuilt, was plundered about the year 1170. The only ancient 590

    ecclesiastical building now existing is the parish church which is in the Norman style of architecture. The parish is situated on the river and bay of Scariff opening into Lough Derg on the Shannon, and is on the new line of road from Killaloe to Portumna, constructed chiefly along the shores of the lough. It comprises 14,181 statute acres. The land is in general excellent, and the soil in the vicinity of Scariff consists of limestone shale ; limestone and granite abound, and there is a considerable portion of reclaimable bog : the state of agriculture has been much improved. Great facility of communication with Dublin and Limerick is afforded by the vessels of the Inland Steam-Navigation Company, which ply daily between those places. Fairs are held at the village on March 17th, May I7th, June 2nd, and Oct. 10th; and petty-sessions on alternate Fridays: a court for the manor of Raheens is held there once a fortnight. The seats are, Raheens, abounding with fine timber, and well stocked with deer ; Drewsborough House ; Ballyvannon House, the seat of Lord Dunboyne ; and Shannon View ; all commanding most interesting views of Lough Derg and the surrounding scenery.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 344

24. Tomgraney Abbey founded and plundered in 9th–10th centuries

    near Tomgraney · population centre · Clare · 886–994

    An abbey was founded at Tomgraney in the earliest age of Christianity in Ireland and flourished for many centuries. It was plundered in both 886 and 994, before being repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt in subsequent centuries.

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    TOMGRANEY, or Tomgrenei, a parish, in the union of Scariff, barony of Upper Tulla, county of Clare, and province of Munster ; containing, with the post-town of Scariff and the village of Tomgraney, 6113 inhabitants, of whom 371 are in the village. An abbey was founded here in the earliest age of Christianity in Ireland, and flourished for many centuries : in 886 and 994 it was plundered. The church and steeple were rebuilt in 964 by the venerable Cormac O'Killcen, abbot of this house as well as that of Roscommon, and both abbot and bishop of Clonmacnois. In 1027 the steeple is said to have been again rebuilt by the great Brien Boroimhe ; but in 1084 the abbey was reduced to ashes by O'Rourke of Breffny, who' was, however, overtaken and slain by the men of this county. In 1 164 it was again destroyed, and, after being rebuilt, was plundered about the year 1170. The only ancient 590

    ecclesiastical building now existing is the parish church which is in the Norman style of architecture. The parish is situated on the river and bay of Scariff opening into Lough Derg on the Shannon, and is on the new line of road from Killaloe to Portumna, constructed chiefly along the shores of the lough. It comprises 14,181 statute acres. The land is in general excellent, and the soil in the vicinity of Scariff consists of limestone shale ; limestone and granite abound, and there is a considerable portion of reclaimable bog : the state of agriculture has been much improved. Great facility of communication with Dublin and Limerick is afforded by the vessels of the Inland Steam-Navigation Company, which ply daily between those places. Fairs are held at the village on March 17th, May I7th, June 2nd, and Oct. 10th; and petty-sessions on alternate Fridays: a court for the manor of Raheens is held there once a fortnight. The seats are, Raheens, abounding with fine timber, and well stocked with deer ; Drewsborough House ; Ballyvannon House, the seat of Lord Dunboyne ; and Shannon View ; all commanding most interesting views of Lough Derg and the surrounding scenery.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 344

25. Tomgraney church rebuilt by Cormac O'Killeen, 964

    near Tomgraney · population centre · Clare · 964

    The church and steeple at Tomgraney were rebuilt in 964 by the venerable Cormac O'Killeen, who was abbot of both this house and Roscommon, and both abbot and bishop of Clonmacnois.

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    TOMGRANEY, or Tomgrenei, a parish, in the union of Scariff, barony of Upper Tulla, county of Clare, and province of Munster ; containing, with the post-town of Scariff and the village of Tomgraney, 6113 inhabitants, of whom 371 are in the village. An abbey was founded here in the earliest age of Christianity in Ireland, and flourished for many centuries : in 886 and 994 it was plundered. The church and steeple were rebuilt in 964 by the venerable Cormac O'Killcen, abbot of this house as well as that of Roscommon, and both abbot and bishop of Clonmacnois. In 1027 the steeple is said to have been again rebuilt by the great Brien Boroimhe ; but in 1084 the abbey was reduced to ashes by O'Rourke of Breffny, who' was, however, overtaken and slain by the men of this county. In 1 164 it was again destroyed, and, after being rebuilt, was plundered about the year 1170. The only ancient 590

    ecclesiastical building now existing is the parish church which is in the Norman style of architecture. The parish is situated on the river and bay of Scariff opening into Lough Derg on the Shannon, and is on the new line of road from Killaloe to Portumna, constructed chiefly along the shores of the lough. It comprises 14,181 statute acres. The land is in general excellent, and the soil in the vicinity of Scariff consists of limestone shale ; limestone and granite abound, and there is a considerable portion of reclaimable bog : the state of agriculture has been much improved. Great facility of communication with Dublin and Limerick is afforded by the vessels of the Inland Steam-Navigation Company, which ply daily between those places. Fairs are held at the village on March 17th, May I7th, June 2nd, and Oct. 10th; and petty-sessions on alternate Fridays: a court for the manor of Raheens is held there once a fortnight. The seats are, Raheens, abounding with fine timber, and well stocked with deer ; Drewsborough House ; Ballyvannon House, the seat of Lord Dunboyne ; and Shannon View ; all commanding most interesting views of Lough Derg and the surrounding scenery.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 344

26. Tomgraney steeple rebuilt by Brien Boroimhe, 1027

    near Tomgraney · population centre · Clare · 1027

    In 1027 the steeple of Tomgraney abbey is said to have been rebuilt by the great Brien Boroimhe (Brian Boru), underscoring the site's significance in early medieval Ireland.

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    TOMGRANEY, or Tomgrenei, a parish, in the union of Scariff, barony of Upper Tulla, county of Clare, and province of Munster ; containing, with the post-town of Scariff and the village of Tomgraney, 6113 inhabitants, of whom 371 are in the village. An abbey was founded here in the earliest age of Christianity in Ireland, and flourished for many centuries : in 886 and 994 it was plundered. The church and steeple were rebuilt in 964 by the venerable Cormac O'Killcen, abbot of this house as well as that of Roscommon, and both abbot and bishop of Clonmacnois. In 1027 the steeple is said to have been again rebuilt by the great Brien Boroimhe ; but in 1084 the abbey was reduced to ashes by O'Rourke of Breffny, who' was, however, overtaken and slain by the men of this county. In 1 164 it was again destroyed, and, after being rebuilt, was plundered about the year 1170. The only ancient 590

    ecclesiastical building now existing is the parish church which is in the Norman style of architecture. The parish is situated on the river and bay of Scariff opening into Lough Derg on the Shannon, and is on the new line of road from Killaloe to Portumna, constructed chiefly along the shores of the lough. It comprises 14,181 statute acres. The land is in general excellent, and the soil in the vicinity of Scariff consists of limestone shale ; limestone and granite abound, and there is a considerable portion of reclaimable bog : the state of agriculture has been much improved. Great facility of communication with Dublin and Limerick is afforded by the vessels of the Inland Steam-Navigation Company, which ply daily between those places. Fairs are held at the village on March 17th, May I7th, June 2nd, and Oct. 10th; and petty-sessions on alternate Fridays: a court for the manor of Raheens is held there once a fortnight. The seats are, Raheens, abounding with fine timber, and well stocked with deer ; Drewsborough House ; Ballyvannon House, the seat of Lord Dunboyne ; and Shannon View ; all commanding most interesting views of Lough Derg and the surrounding scenery.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 344

27. Tomgraney village castle remains and singular rock

    near Tomgraney · population centre · Clare

    At Tomgraney are the remains of an old castle, and nearly in the centre of the village rises a singularly shaped rock, both notable landmarks in the settlement.

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    The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Killaloe, held from time immemorial with one-third part of the rectory of Kilballyhone, together constituting the corps of the prebend of Tomgraney, in the patronage of the Rev. Thomas B. Brady, the present incumbent. The tithe rent-charge is £311. 11., and, including the portion of Kilballyhone, £373. 17. The glebe comprises 12 acres; the glebe-house was built in IS 14, when the Board of First Fruits gave £100 and lent £1500 for its erection. The church, a small building without a tower, has been repaired and improved, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners having granted £124 for that purpose. In the Roman Catholic divisions the south-western portion of the parish forms the head of the district of Tomgraney, which also includes the parish of Kilnoe ; the northeastern portion forms the head of the district of Scariff, which also comprises the parish of Moynoe. In the former district are the chapels of Tomgraney and Bodike, and in the latter those of Scariff and Knock- O'Grady ; the chapel of Bodike is in the parish of Kilnoe, and the three others in this parish. At Tomgraney are the remains of an old castle, and nearly in the centre of the village rises a singularly shaped rock. Lead-ore exists in the vicinity, but has not been worked ; at Ballymalone is a chalybeate spring.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 344

28. Tomregan parish church built by Colonel Montgomery

    Tomregan · parish · Cavan · 1747–1820

    The church at Tomregan was built about 90 years before 1837 at the expense of Colonel Montgomery and was enlarged in 1820. It occupies a picturesque situation on the road to Ballinamore.

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    The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Kilmore, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rent-charge is £97. •'>. The glebe-house was built in 181'2, at an expense of £138.5 British, of which £969 were a loan and £9'2 a gift from the late Board of First Fruits: the glebe comprises 380 acres valued at £38 1. 13., of which .50 acres are bog, and the remainder arable and pasture land. The church was built about 90 years since at the expense of Colonel Montgomery, and was cidarged in 18'20 at an expense of £9'23 British, half a gift and half a loan from the Board ; it has recently been further improved at an expense of £70, of which £60 were contributed by the Rev. Mr. Carson, and the remainder by the Rev. J. Storey, the incumbent. It occupies a picturesque situation on the road to Ballinamore, and, with the adjacent school-house, forms a pleasing object as seen from the mountains. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is partly in the district of Knockninny, and partly in that of Druralainc, but chiefly in that of Kildallon ; the chapel, at Ballyconnell, is a good slated building. There is a place of worship for Primitive Wesleyan Methodists. In the mountains are some curious caves.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 345

29. Tomregan quarries supplied major buildings

    Tomregan · parish · Cavan

    Tomregan parish has quarries of excellent limestone, granite, and marble. These supplied materials for Cavan court-house, Cloncorick Castle, and the episcopal palace of Kilmore.

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    TOMREGAN, a parish, in the union of Lisnaskea, partly in the barony of Knockninny, county of Fer- M.\NAGH, and partly in that of Lower Lolghtee, but chiefly in the barony of Tullaghagh, county of Cavan, and province of Ulster, on the road from Belturbet to Swanlinbar ; containing, with the post-town of Ballyconnell (which is separately described), 4'21'2 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the river Woodford, comprises 10,678 statute acres ; saOOj are in the county of Fermanagh, and of the remainder ^'2565 are in Lower Lough tee and 5'2'21 in Tullaghagh, county of Cavan. About '275 are under water. The river has its source in the county of Leitrim, and after reaching Woodford, formerly the residence of the Gore family, and from which it takes its name, passes through two lakes, and, becoming deep and broad, might at a trifling expense be made navigable to Lough Erne, a distance of nearly nine miles. The lauds are in a very iuditfercnt state of cultivation ; and a large portion capable of being rendered profitable is allowed to remain waste : there is abundance of bog, affording a good supply of fuel. The mountainous parts abound with iron-ore and coal, which might be easily raised ; but no regular works have been established, though some of the coal has been sent to Ballyhays, Cavan, and to the great iron-works at Arigna. Slieve Russell, which borders on Fermanagh, and is the highest land in this county, is partly within the parish ; it is chiefly waste and barren, the surface being in some parts very rocky, and in others a mere swamp. Lead and silver ore have been brought down the stream which flows from the mountain of Ortnacullagh, in the vicinity of the parish. There are some quarries of excellent limestone and granite, and marble is also found in some of the townlands ; the materials for Cavan court-house, Cloncorick Castle, and the episcopal palace of Kilmore, were supplied from these quarries. Ballyconnell House, the residence of John Enery, Esq., beautifully situated in a fine demesne on the Woodford 591

    river, is within the parish. There is a small flour mill.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 345

30. Tore Lake, Muckross peninsula and Dinis Island

    Muckross · townland · Kerry

    Tore Lake is separated from the Lower Lake by the wooded peninsula of Muckross and Dinis Island, and is described as still more picturesque than the Lower Lake.

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    The LAKES in the mountainous regions are numerous, but few are of large dimensions. The most remarkable for extent is the celebrated Lough Leine, the principal of the lakes of Killarney, which are three in number, and connected by straits, or short rivers. They are distinguished by the names of the Upper, the Turc, and the Lower lake. The last is about six miles in length and of great breadth, with mountains on one side of the richest grandeur, which is increased by the contrast of the level shore on the other ; the surface is overspread with islands of the most luxuriant beauty. Tore lake is separated from it by the wooded peninsula of Muekross and Dinis Island, and is still more picturesque ; but the wildest sublimity is that of the Upper Lake, about 2^ miles in length, and wholly surrounded by mountains. [For a more detailed account, see the article on Killarney.] The other lakes are as follow : — Lough Currane, near the shore of Ballinskellig bay, and which has several islands, and is fed by a stream called the Cummaragh river, flowing from the smaller lakes of Derriana and Elaineane, in the mountains ; Lough Scall, about halfway between Tralee and Dingle ; Lough Cara, near the harbour of Castlemaine ; and Lough Quinlan, near the creek of Kilmacalogue, and which contains several small floating islands. The Devil's Punch-Bowl is a very deep hollow near the summit of Mangerton mountain, upwards of 1500 feet above the level of the sea ; it discharges its surplus water by a large stream that rolls down the mountain side in a succession of cataracts distinguished by their white foam at a considerable distance. At the foot of the same mountain is Lough Kittane, a secluded and picturesque lake.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 8

31. Town-hall of Newtownards erected by first Marquis of Londonderry

    near Newtownards · town · Down · 1770

    The town-hall of Newtownards is a handsome Grecian-Doric structure erected by the first Marquis of Londonderry, surmounted by a cupola with a clock and containing assembly-rooms, a flesh-market, and other offices.

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    By the charter of James I. the corporation consisted, until its dissolution in 1840, of a provost, twelve free burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by two serjeants-at-mace. The provost, who was also judge of the borough court of record, and clerk-ofthe-market, was to be chosen annually from the free burgesses on the festival of St. John the Baptist, and sworn into office on that of St. Michael ; the free burgesses, as vacancies occurred, were to be chosen from the freemen by the provost and a majority of their own body, by whom also the freemen were admitted by favour only ; and the serjeants-at-mace were appointed by the corporati(m. The public business was transacted by a " Quarter court," consisting of 23 inhabitants, who were summoned and sworn by the provost as grand jurors ; they acted as a court leet in the election of various officers under the corporation, and exercised the power of presentment to be levied on the borough for various purposes. This court, which from its name would appear to have been once held quarterly, was for some time prior to 1S40 held annually, before the provost, between Michaelmas and Christmas. The corporation, under their charter, continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The borough court of record, which had jurisdiction to the amout of five marks, has long been discontinued. The provost was for some time prior to 1840 either re-elected annually, or, being once elected, continued to hold his office for life ; the burgesses were no longer chosen from the resident freemen, nor had the corporation, since 1821, exercised any municipal functions, except the holding of the Quarter court by the provost. In 1842 the inhabitants adopted the provisions of the act 9th George IV., cap. 82, for Lighting and Watching. A manor court is held before a seneschal appointed by the Marquis of Londonderry, every third Saturday, for the recovery of debts not exceeding £10 ; and a court leet annually, at which various officers are appointed for the manor, and also a constable for the borough, whose sole duty it is to assist in preserving the peace. The general-sessions for the county are held here, in June and December, before the assistant b::rrister for the division of Downpatrick ; petty-sessions are held on the first and third Saturdays in every month, and a constabulary police force is stationed in the town. The church, built by Sir Hugh Montgomery, has been converted into a court-house, recently fitted up by the Marquis of Londonderry, and in which the sessions are held. The town-hall, for the transaction of the town business, is a handsome structure in the Grecian-Doric style, erected in 1*70 by the first Marquis of Londonderry: it is surmounted by a cupola containing a clock, beneath which is the entrance into an area leading through the centre, on one side.^f which is the flesh-market, and on the other a weigh-house and other requisite offices and stores ; above is an elegant suite of assembly-rooms, with other apartments, in which the members of the Down hunt hold meetings. A stone cross of octagonal form, decorated with canopied niches, was built by the late corporation in the centre of the town, to replace the ancient cross destroyed by the insurgents in 1^41. 39-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

32. Town of Delvin burnt in 1468 insurrection

    Delvin · town · Westmeath · 1468

    The town of Delvin was burnt during an insurrection led by Delamare, abbot of Tristernagh, who had united with Irish enemies and English rebels.

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    tempts to recover their former position, in one of which, in \:i'l9, Mac Geoghec;aii, chieftain of Moycashel, defeated an English force under Lord Thomas le Botiller, who was killed in the action. Two years after, the Irish were defeated in a battle near Finae by Sir Anthony Lucy, lord justice. Mortimer, Earl of March, who married Philippa, daughter and heiress of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, third son of Edward III., finding it necessary to conceal himself during the troubles that followed the deposition of Richard II., chose this county as his place of refuge, where he remained a long time in concealment. In 1468, Delamare, abbot of Tristernagh, was attainted by act of parliament for uniting with the Irish enemies and English rebels in an insurrection in which the town of Delvin was burnt. By an act of the 34th of Henry VIII., the ancient palatinate of Meath was divided, the eastern portion retaining its former name, and the western being distinguished by the appellation which it still retains. Longford was a portion of the latter division, until it was formed into a distinct county by Elizabeth.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 390

33. Town walls and Maiden Tower built at New Ross, 1269

    New Ross · town · Wexford · 1269

    In 1269, harassed by a feud between the Fitzmaurices and De Burgos, the townsmen resolved to wall the town; even young women aided in the work. The Maiden Tower was erected eastward in the town as a prison exclusively for persons guilty of offences against females.

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    Its situation on a navigable river, in the heart of a fertile country, soon rendered it populous and wealthy. The same circumstances, however, exposed it to the predatory incursions of the neighbouring chieftains, to defend themsehes from which the townsmen, in 1^69, when they were grievously harassed by a feud between the Fitzmaurices and the De Burgos, resolved to secure the town by a wall. So anxious were they to accomplish this undertaking, that not only did the whole of the male population work by turns in companies, but many of the young women also aided in it ; to commemorate which, a strong tower or gate called Maiden Tower was erected eastward in the town, as a prison exclusively for persons guilty of offences against females. The walls inclosed a circuit of a mile ; and at that period the town coiild array for its defence, 363 crossbow men, 1'200 long-bow archers, 3000 pikemen, and 104 horsemen, a number of fighting men equal to its entire male population at present. In the reign of Edward I. the town was laid under an interdict by the Pope, in consequence of the inhabitants having destroyed a house of the Crutched friars on account of the alleged profligacy of one of its members. Another proof of its early importance may be adduced from the attempts made by the people of Waterford to deprive it of the privileges of a trading-port. The controversy, which commenced so early as the reign of Henry HI., was finally decided in favour of Ross by a decree of the English court of chancery in the reign of Edward III. In 1469 the town was partially burned by Donald Fuscus, then head of the Mac Murroughs or Kavanaghs ; and the inhabitants afterwards suffered so much from repeated occurrences of acts of lawless violence, that, in 14S3, they procured an act of parliament, empov\ering them to '■ reprize" themselves against robbers, and further enacting that no person should alienate his freehold in the town without the consent of the provost and council. The latter provision leads to the inference, that these acts of aggression were producing the effect of driving the wealthier and more respectable part of the population out of the town. This inference is confirmed by the preamble of a charter of Richard HI., which describes the place as being so reduced by this cause to extreme poverty and misery, as to be nearly depopulated. Another charter allows the inhabitants to treat and make truce with the Irish enemies, and to sell them provisions, even in time of war.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 263

34. Tradition: Alfred the Great educated at Mayo Abbey

    Mayo · parish · Mayo

    According to tradition, Alfred the Great was educated at the once celebrated abbey in Mayo, and one of his sons was buried there. The ruins of the abbey still evidence its former splendour.

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    IMAYO, a parish, in the union of Ballinrobe, partly in the barony of Kilmaine, but chiefly in that of Clanmorris, county of Mayo, and province of Connaught, 6 miles (X. by E.) from Hollymount, and on the road from Ballinrobe to Claremorris ; containing 4179 inhabitants. Here was formerly a town of some note, famous for its university. St. Colman, having resigned the Benedictine cell of Lindisfarne, in Northumberland, and returned into Ireland, a. d. 665, founded an abbey here, in which he placed some English monks who had accompanied him, from whom it was called Magio-na-Sasson, or " Blayo of the English, or Saxons." St. Gerald and St. Adamnan severally succeeded St. Colman in the abbacy ; and St. Segretia, the sister of St. Gerald, presided over a nunnery here. The abbey was destroyed by lightning in 77S, burned by the Danes in 81S, 90S, and 1169, and plundered in l^Oi by William de Burgo : at the Dissolution its possessions were granted to the burgesses of Galway. The parish comprises 11,848:1: statute acres. The land is of very good quality, though under an inferior system of tillage, and there is tolerable pasturage for sheep : several bogs are being reclaimed. There are many limestone-quarries of a good description. A fair which was formerly held at Brize, on August 11th, for horses, cows, and sheep, is now held in the adjoining parish of Ballagh. The principal seats are, Browne Hall, the residence of Colonel Browne ; and Brize. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £180. The glebe-house was erected in 1S26, at an expense of £900, of which £500 were a loan, and £100 a gift, from the late Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 2^ acres, valued at £37. 10. per annum. The church is a small plain edifice, built about the year 181 1, at a cost of £600, a gift from the same Board. The Roman Catholic parish is coextensive with that of the Established Church; the chapel is near the ruins of the monastery. Here are, among various others, three ancient castles where human bones are frequently dug up. The once celebrated abbey evinces, by its ruins, its former splendour : according to tradition, Alfred the Great was educated, and one of his sons buried, here. There are curious remains of ancient intrenchments.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 148

35. Tralee county court-house on Denny Street

    Tralee · town · Kerry

    The county court-house was erected near the eastern end of Denny Street at an expense of £14,000, described as an edifice of great elegance with a Grecian portico and circular main building containing criminal and civil courts.

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    held at Tralee ; and general-sessions of the peace four times in the year : petty-sessions are held every Tuesday. The county court-house, erected near the eastern end of Denny-street, at an expense of £14,000, is an edifice of great elegance ; its front presents a Grecian portico, approached by a noble flight of steps, and surmounted with a fine pediment. The main building, which is circular, has the criminal court of justice on the one side and the civil on the other, separated by the judges' and other chambers in the centre of the building ; the county offices are in the rear. The county gaol, situated near the barracks, is a large and substantial building on the radiating principle, consisting of an octangular centre containing the governor's apartments, from which project two lateral wings and one rearward, containing wards for the male prisoners ; in the front are two detached buildings for female prisoners and debtors, and in the rear another, of semicircular form, being the chapel. It contains 79 cells, 7 day-rooms, and 7 yards, an hospital, and a trcadwheel ; there is a school, and the prisoners work in various ways.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

36. Tralee county gaol on radiating principle

    Tralee · town · Kerry

    The county gaol, situated near the barracks, was a large building on the radiating principle with an octagonal centre, lateral wings for male prisoners, detached buildings for female prisoners and debtors, and a semicircular chapel. It contained 79 cells, 7 day-rooms, 7 yards, a hospital, and a treadwheel.

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    held at Tralee ; and general-sessions of the peace four times in the year : petty-sessions are held every Tuesday. The county court-house, erected near the eastern end of Denny-street, at an expense of £14,000, is an edifice of great elegance ; its front presents a Grecian portico, approached by a noble flight of steps, and surmounted with a fine pediment. The main building, which is circular, has the criminal court of justice on the one side and the civil on the other, separated by the judges' and other chambers in the centre of the building ; the county offices are in the rear. The county gaol, situated near the barracks, is a large and substantial building on the radiating principle, consisting of an octangular centre containing the governor's apartments, from which project two lateral wings and one rearward, containing wards for the male prisoners ; in the front are two detached buildings for female prisoners and debtors, and in the rear another, of semicircular form, being the chapel. It contains 79 cells, 7 day-rooms, and 7 yards, an hospital, and a trcadwheel ; there is a school, and the prisoners work in various ways.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

37. Tralee destroyed by Irish on approach of Lord Inchiquin

    Tralee · town · Kerry · 1642–1691

    After the surrender of Denny's castle, the town of Tralee was destroyed and the surrounding country wasted by the Irish to prevent Lord Inchiquin from making it his head-quarters. It was treated in a similar way in 1691 on the approach of William III's forces.

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    death of their governor. Sir Thomas Harris, they surrendered. The town was soon after destroyed and the surrounding country wasted by the Irish, on the approach of Lord Inchiquin, to prevent him from making it his head-quarters. It was treated in a similar way in 1691, on the approach of William III.'s forces.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 349

38. Tralee incorporated by charter of James I

    Tralee · town · Kerry · 1612–1840

    Tralee was incorporated by a charter of the 10th of James I under the name of the Provost, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Tralee, consisting of a provost, twelve free burgesses, and a commonalty. The corporation was dissolved in 1840 by the Municipal Act.

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    The town was incorporated by a charter of the 10th of James I., under the name of " the Provost, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Tralee ;" to consist of a provost, 12 free burgesses, and a commonalty. The provost, elected annually, was thereby appointed clerk-of-the-market, justice of the peace for tlie county of Kerry, and judge of a borough court of record. The burgesses were elected for life : the charter declared all the inhabitants of the borough freemen, together with such others as the provost and free burgesses admitted ; but the freedom was never claimed as of right. In 1840 the corporation was dissolved by the Municipal act, and the property vested in the commissioners under the act 9th George IV., already referred to. The charter granted to the borough the right of returning two members to parliament, and vested the election in the provost and burgesses : the borough was only half disfranchised at the Union, and by the act of the ^nd of William IV., cap. SS, it is empowered to return one member, to be elected by the £10 householders, and by the burgesses, provided they be resident in the borough or within seven miles of it. The borough is not co-extensive with the parish, but, including part of the parish of Ratass, in which are the county gaol and the barracks, comprises an area of 534 statute acres. The constituency, as registered in 1S41, amounted to ^SS, of whom '246 were householders, and VI burgesses. The provost presided at a court of record, held every Thursday, for personal actions not exceeding five marks, Irish. The assizes for the county of Kerry are

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

39. Tralee limestone dressed as marble

    Tralee · town · Kerry

    Limestone in the Maine valley is black and hard towards Tralee, where it is dressed as marble, and whitening and more tender towards Castleisland. Both kinds are excellent and nearly pure.

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    In the northern upland formation of the middle district of Kerry are beds of culm, which has been worked only in its eastern range, in the county of Cork. Some specimens of the culm from Killarney, Tralee, and Castleisland wore nearly incombustible, which may be accounted for from their having been taken from the surface : in a drift in the river Awineeghrea, a branch of the Flesk, the specimens resemble plumbago. It is possible, by sinking, to obtain coal like that of Kilkenny. A band of limestone, containing a few organic remains, traverses the southern part of this formation ; it is chiefly blue, compact, with chert over it, and to the west partly regularly stratified. Where it shows itself in the middle of the Slieve Lughar bogs, in Lord Kenmare's quarries, it is also blue and compact, without any chert, but a good deal of calcareous spar. It next appears about two miles west of Killarney, on the Flesk, much intermingled with hornstone or chert, and, finally, constitutes the great deposition which forms nearly all the islands and promontories on the north side of the Lower lake. The limestone there meets the brown transition rocks of the mountains ; and near the junction it is traversed by metallic veins of copper and lead. A second band is found in various places along the course of the Gheestan, where it is blackish and mingled with chert-. The whole bottom of the valley of the Maine consists of limestone lying in strata, which, though generally confused, appear to lap on each side above those of the mountain. The hniestone is generally compact, and much impressed with marine remains ; black and hard towards Tralee, where it is dressed as marble ; whitening and more tender towards Castleisland and the Maine, and of course more readily calcined : both kinds are excellent and nearly pure. Towards the northern side of the beds they become more flinty, and are separated from the mountain rocks by thin beds of Lydian stone, black or blueishgrey, with the cross fracture slightly conchoidal. Towards Tralee this becomes a complete horn-slate, the shiver of which is highly valued for road gravel. There are large banks of shell-sand in Castlemaine bay ; it is of a muddy blueish cast, containing numerous whole shells of the species of cardium. One of the Skellig rocks, which has often been called marble, contains nothing but bolts of quartz traversing the brown slate. The mountain of Slieve Mish, which runs parallel to the Maine on its northern side, and terminates in the peninsula of Corkaguiney, is composed of old sandstone or grit, dipping about 40° N. to 8° W. : towards the interior the dip is greater, and the rock more indurated. It is covered with thick beds of millstone grit, or coarsegrained conglomerate, with pebbles of quartz, &c. 13

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 10

40. Tralee navigable canal completed

    Tralee · town · Kerry · 1828–1837

    A local act of the 9th of George IV created a board of commissioners to build a navigable canal from Tralee to Blackrock beyond Blennerville, with a basin at Croompane-Rockard. The canal, 74 feet wide and 15 feet deep, allowed vessels of 150 tons to discharge at the quay in Tralee.

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    barloy being mostly purchased for home consumption. Butter is also exported, but not to its former extent. Coal and timber are the chief articles imported. The gross estimated value of the exports in a recent year was £4'2,315, of which £40,07'2 were for corn, meal, and flour : the gross value of the imports for the same period was £7-70, of which £4'295 were for coal, slates, iron, &e. The improvements in the trade, commerce, and general appearance of Tralee have been very considerable of late years. Until recently, much inconvenience arose from the extreme shallowness of the water in the river, which prevented the approach of vessels excecdiug .50 or 60 tons nearer than Blennerville, about 1^ mile distant, and still obliges very large vessels to lie at the Samphire Islands, off Fcnit Point, a distance of about five miles. To remedy this defect in some measure, a local act of the 9th of George IV., c. 118, was procured, creating a corporate board of commissioners for the purpose of constructing a navigable canal adequate to bring up vessels of a tolerable size to the town. The canal, which is just completed, commences at Croompane-Rockard, near the west end of the town, where is a basin 400 feet by 1.50, on the north side of which is a quay faced with hewn stone ; the canal proceeds thence to the Blackrock, beyond Blennerville, and is 74 feet wide and 15 feet deep : the estimated expense was £^4,000. Vessels of 150 tons' burthen are enabled to discbarge at the quay. The canal commissioners are empowered to impose certain dues on the imports and exports, and on vessels coming into the port. The town is the head station of the coast-guard district, and residence of the inspecting commander ; the district comprises the stations of Castlcgregory, Kilfinura, Ballyheigue, the Cashen river, and Beale. Tralee is also a chief police station.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

41. Tralee parish church enlarged

    Tralee · town · Kerry · 1812–1837

    The parish church in Tralee was enlarged in 1812 with aid of a £2450 loan from the Board of First Fruits, and later further enlarged and repaired by subscription and pew sales. It was a handsome structure with a square tower surmounted with pinnacles.

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    The parish contains 4605 statute acres : it is intersected by the small rivers Ballymullen and Leigh, which unite just before they fall into the strait or haven at the western entrance of the town. The soil is in general of superior quality, and chiefly in pasturage ; the system of agriculture is gradually improving : the parish contains some mountain pasture and shallow bog. Limestone and black marble are found within its limits : the materials with which the new court-house was constructed were chiefly raised from a quarry of fine limestone near the Castle green, which has been since filled up and planted. Sea-weed from Tralee bay is in general use for manure. The principal gentlemen's seats in the vicinity are, Ballyseedy, a finely planted demesne ; Oak Park, situated in grounds well wooded with oak, among which are some trees of singular size and beauty ; Belmont ; Ballard House ; Spring Lodge ; Lower Cannon ; Magh ; Chute Hall ; Spring Hill ; Arbella ; Plover Hill ; and Frogmore Lodge. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and in the patronage of Sir Edw. Denny : the tithe rent-charge is £306. 6. The glebe-house is a large and commodious building, adjoining the church ; the glebe comprises 11 statute acres. The church was enlarged in 181" by aid of a loan of £"2450 from the late Board of First Fruits, and more recently enlarged and thoroughly repaired by a fund raised by subscription and the sale of the pews ; it is a handsome structure with a square tower surmounted with pinnacles. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the greater part of the parishes of Annagh, Clogherbrien, and Ratass : the chapel is a spacious edifice, the entrance to which from the High-street is by a fine avenue bordered with trees. A convent for nuns of the order of the Presentation, established about '20 years since, has a small chapel attached to it ; and there are places of worship for Calvinistic Independents, Presbyterians, and 'Wesleyau Methodists.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 350

42. Tramore Bay and its shipwrecks

    near Tramore Bay · bay · Waterford

    Tramore Bay is noted for the shipwrecks that have occurred in it, presenting a level beach and flat coast about three English miles in extent. A sand bar called the Back Strand encloses roughly 1,000 Irish acres, which it was planned to embank and inclose.

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    The COAST presents a variety of interesting features. Beginning at the Suir, the first remarkable object is the Little Island, two miles below Waterford, and nearly 12 miles from the sea. The rivers Suir and Ross unite their waters not far distant with great fulness and rapidity, and at once form a grand estuary nearly three miles in breadth. Woodstown strand, below New Geneva, has a low beech ; beyond it the coast is bold and precipitous, with lofty headlands stretching out into Waterford harbour. The same character of coast is continued past the harbour of Dunmore to Brownstown Head, which forms the eastern boundary of the bay of Tramore. On this line of coast are several caverns of natural formation, remarkable for their extent. Next beyond Brownstown Head is Newtown Head, and between these is Tramore bay, noted for the shipwrecks that have occurred in it, and presenting a level beach and flat coast three English miles in extent. A bar or mound of sand, raised by the opposing influence of the tides and the land streams, prevents the further encroachments of the sea ; and divides off from the open bay a part called the Back Strand, containing about 1000 Irish acres, which it is designed to embank and

    W ATE

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 374

43. Treaty stone of Limerick near Thomond-bridge

    Limerick · city · Limerick

    Near the north end of Thomond-bridge stands an ancient stone on which the celebrated Treaty of Limerick was signed, still known as the 'Treaty stone.'

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    Near the church is a range of almshouses and schools, endovred by Mrs. Hannah Villiers, and erected by her trustees in 1826. The building, which is in the Elizabethan style, consists of a centre and two projecting wings, the former being surmounted by a cupola : it contains apartments for 12 poor widows, each of whom receives £24 Irish per annum ; and there are two school-rooms. The master receives £30, and the mistress £25, per annum. Under a recent decree in chancery, the trustees established a Protestant female orphan school, for the maintenance and education of 20 children. Near the north end of Thomond-bridge is an ancient stone, on which the celebrated treaty of Limerick was signed ; it is still called the " Treaty stone." The churchyard is supposed to have been the burial-place of St. Munchin, the first bishop of Limerick ; the church contains a monument to Bishop Smyth, who lived, died, and was buried in this parish, and it is the burial-place of the family of Smyth, ennobled in the person of the late Lord Gort, who died in 1842.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 190

44. Trench of St. Patrick's cow

    Knockmealdown · townland · Waterford

    A large double trench known as Riun-ho-Padriuc, or the trench of St. Patrick's cow, commences east of Knockmeledown and runs across the Blackwater, through the deer-park of Lismore, towards Ardmore. It is traceable for sixteen to eighteen miles and corresponds with the Danes' Cast in Armagh and Down.

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    are remarkable ratlis on the hill of Lismore, at Rathgormuck, in the parish of Kinsalebeg, near Youghal, and at Ardmore, the remains of which last show it to have been of great extent : many others of less note are dispersed in various quarters. Circular intrenchments, consisting of a small area, defended by a rampart and fosse, and called in the language of the country lis, " a fortified residence," are very numerous, and appear to form with each other branches from more important stations that formerly existed at Waterford, Lismore, Dungarvan, and Ardmore. One of the sepulchral mounts called in England " barrows," and here " duns," is to be seen to the west of Dungarvan ; and many others occur in different parts. A large double trench, called by the Irish Riun-ho-Padriuc, " the trench of St. Patrick's cow," commences to the east of Knockmeledown, and runs in nearly a direct line across the Blackwater, and through the deer-park of Lismore, towards Ardmore, being traceable for sixteen or eighteen miles ; it corresponds exactly with that extraordinary work called " The Danes' Cast," which runs through the counties of Armagh and Down. A second trench from Cappoquin, through the plain along the side of the mountains westward into the county of Cork, is called by the peasantry Clee-duff. Cromlechs exist in the barony of Gaultier, within five miles of Waterford ; on Kilmacombe hill ; on Sugar-loaf hill, near Reisk ; at Dunhill; Gurteen ; near Stradbally ; and other places. There appear to have formerly existed, within the limits of the county, 24 religious establishments ; but at present vestiges remain of the buildings of those only of MothiU, Dungarvan, Stradbally, Lismore, and Ardmore. The castles and fortified houses were very numerous : there still exist (some of them entire, and the rest in ruins) that of Lismore, one on the Little Island, one at Crook, Cullen Castle, and those of Carrickbcg, Ballyclough, Feddens, Clonea, Darinlar, Dungarvan, Modeligo, Kilbree, Strancally, Conagh, and Castlereagh. The princely castle of Lismore, the mansion of the Duke of Devonshire, and that of Curraghmore, the seat of the Marquess of Waterford, with which is embodied the ancient castle of that place, are, with the other mansions and seats of the nobility and gentry worthy of particular notice, described in the accounts of the parishes in which they are respectively situated.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 376

45. Trial and execution of Harvey in Wexford

    Wexford · town · Wexford

    Following the disturbances, Beauchamp B. Harvey was brought to Wexford, where he was tried and executed. His forfeited estate was eventually restored to his family.

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    is incorporated with the present and comparatively modern castellated mansion, flanked with towers, and surmounted with battlements. The predecessor of the late Mr. Harvey, Beauchamp B. Harvey, Esq., on the evacuation of Wexford by the king's troops, was induced to take the command of the insurgents, which he held for a short time. After the termination of the disturbances he took refuge in the Great Saltce Island, but was discovered and brought to Wexford, where he was tried and executed ; the estate, however, which was forfeited to the crown, was subsequently restored to the family. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, episcopally united to the vicarages of Kilturk and Kilmore, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent- charge of the parish is £l,'j'2. 7., and the gross tithe of the benefice £'298. IS. The glebes of the union, which are contiguous to the sites of the respective churches, consist of '24 acres ; there is no glebe-house. The church is in ruins : that of the union is at Kilturk ; it was built in ISOS, by aid of a gift of £600 from the Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Kilmore, and contains a chapel. Near the chapel is a holy well dedicated to St. Anne, where, on July '26th, a patron is held ; and on the eve of this patron the relatives of deceased persons deck their graves with flowers.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 345

46. Triangular ancient churchyard in Racavan parish

    Racavan · townland · Antrim

    A small ancient churchyard of triangular form, well walled and difficult of access, lies at some distance from the main road in Racavan parish. It was used exclusively as a burial-place for Presbyterians.

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    The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Connor, forming part of the union of Skerry, or the Braid ; the tithe rent-charge is .£^37. 12. ' The church, at Broughshane, has been built within the last 60 years. There is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, a spacious handsome building with a cupola containing a bell ; also for Covenanters at Craigamuoy. An excellent institution for the accommodation of the poor, and a society affording clothing to 50 males and 50 females annually, are supported by subscription. Mr. Jamieson, in IS'^Q, bequeathed £600 to the poor, but the legacy has not been paid over for that purpose. There is a small, ancient churchyard at some distance from the main road, and difficult of access ; it is of triangular form and well walled, and is now used exclusively as a burialplace for Presbyterians.

    RADDONSTOWN, or Balroddan, a parish, in the union of Celbridge, barony of Upper Deece, county of Meath, and province of Leinster, If mile (N. E.) from Kilcock, on one of the roads to Maynooth ; containing 634 inhabitants. This parish comprises 1621 statute acres of excellent land, about one-half of which is under tillage, and the remainder meadow and pasture: 440

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 240

47. Trillick founded by Mervyn family

    near Trillick · townland · Tyrone · 1603–1625

    Trillick owes its origin to the Mervyn family, who settled at the neighbouring castle of Mervyn in the reign of James I. The town is small but improving, with an excellent hotel and a recently built market-house.

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    TRILLICK, a market-town, in the parish of Kilskerry, union of Lowtherstown, barony of Omagh, county of Tyrone, and province of Ulster, 9 miles (X. by E.) from Enniskillen, on the road to Omagh ; containing 434 inhabitants. It owes its origin to the family of Mervyn, who settled at the neighbouring castle of Mervyn in the reign of James I. ; and is a small but very improving town, being a convenient stage from Enniskillen, and having an excellent hotel. The surrounding district is undulating and hilly, and is embellished with several lakes : the laud in cultivation is generally fertile, and a large tract of waste has lately been reclaimed. Here is a good market-house, recently

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 351

48. Trim burned by Conor O'Melaghlin, 1108

    Trim · town · Meath · 1108–1155

    In 1108 the town and monastery of Trim were burned by Conor O'Melaghlin, and more than 200 persons who had taken refuge in the church perished in the flames. The town also suffered from conflagration in 1143 and 1155.

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    in the town. This place, formerly called .i/Zi-rn/m, is of very remote antiquity, and was celebrated for its abbey of Canons Regular, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. The establishment became the seat of a small bishopric, of which St. Loman, nephew of St. Patrick, was made the first bishop ; of his successors, who were indifferently styled abbots or bishops, no regular notice is preserved till the year 1152, when the diocese was united with several others to form the see of Meath. In llOS the town and monastery were burned by Conor O'Melaghlin, and more than 200 persons who had taken refuge in the church perished in the flames ; in 1143 and 1155, also, the town suffered from conflagration. After the English invasion it was, with the whole of the territory of Meath, given by Henry H. to Hugh de Lacy, who made it a free borough ; and his son and successor, Walter de Lacy, in the reign of Richard L gave the burgesses a charter of incorporation, conferring privileges equal to those enjoyed by the citizens of Bristol. As the head of the palatine lordship of the Lacys, the town became a place of importance ; and a strong castle was erected here as a baronial residence for that family, who also refouuded the monastery. The defences of the castle were destroyed by the constable, Hugh Tyrrell, when Roderic O'Conor entered Meath during the absence of De Lacy, to prevent them from becoming serviceable to the enemy ; but on his expulsion they were quickly restored. In 1203 the town was again destroyed by fire. The present castle was built in 1220 ; and soon afterwards, during the sanguinary feuds which then prevailed, it was attacked by William de Burgo, but was obstinately defended by the garrison, and The assailants repulsed. When the palatinate of Meath was divided between the co-heiresses of Walter de Lacy, the 597

    town was still the capital of one-half, and in 1330 it was invested with jurisdiction over the other.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 352

49. Trim Castle attributed to De Lacy

    Trim · town · Meath

    The erection of Trim Castle was attributed by some to De Lacy, though it was more generally thought to have been built by others. Trim also had a priory of Crutched friars and other religious houses.

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    The county also retains many remains of its military structures, of which the most celebrated in the records of remote antiquity is Taragh, already noticed. Whatever may have been its ancient splendour, as set forth in the poetry of the native bards and in the chronicles of annalists, little now is discoverable corresponding with their highly wrought descriptions. Considerable remains of circular earthworks still exist ; but of the palaces, and places of scientific study, said to have been situated here, there are no traces. The oldest fortress upon record erected after the arrival of the English was that of A'e//s, built by De Lacy, but of which there are now no vestiges : the same nobleman built the castles of Clonard, Killeen, and Delvin ; and the erection of Trim Castle is attributable by some to him, though it is more generally thought to have been

    MEAT

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

50. Trim castle built 1220 and attacked by William de Burgo

    Trim · town · Meath · 1220–1230

    The present castle at Trim was built in 1220. Soon afterwards, during sanguinary feuds, it was attacked by William de Burgo but was obstinately defended by the garrison and the assailants were repulsed.

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    in the town. This place, formerly called .i/Zi-rn/m, is of very remote antiquity, and was celebrated for its abbey of Canons Regular, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. The establishment became the seat of a small bishopric, of which St. Loman, nephew of St. Patrick, was made the first bishop ; of his successors, who were indifferently styled abbots or bishops, no regular notice is preserved till the year 1152, when the diocese was united with several others to form the see of Meath. In llOS the town and monastery were burned by Conor O'Melaghlin, and more than 200 persons who had taken refuge in the church perished in the flames ; in 1143 and 1155, also, the town suffered from conflagration. After the English invasion it was, with the whole of the territory of Meath, given by Henry H. to Hugh de Lacy, who made it a free borough ; and his son and successor, Walter de Lacy, in the reign of Richard L gave the burgesses a charter of incorporation, conferring privileges equal to those enjoyed by the citizens of Bristol. As the head of the palatine lordship of the Lacys, the town became a place of importance ; and a strong castle was erected here as a baronial residence for that family, who also refouuded the monastery. The defences of the castle were destroyed by the constable, Hugh Tyrrell, when Roderic O'Conor entered Meath during the absence of De Lacy, to prevent them from becoming serviceable to the enemy ; but on his expulsion they were quickly restored. In 1203 the town was again destroyed by fire. The present castle was built in 1220 ; and soon afterwards, during the sanguinary feuds which then prevailed, it was attacked by William de Burgo, but was obstinately defended by the garrison, and The assailants repulsed. When the palatinate of Meath was divided between the co-heiresses of Walter de Lacy, the 597

    town was still the capital of one-half, and in 1330 it was invested with jurisdiction over the other.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 352

51. Trim castle defenses destroyed by Hugh Tyrrell

    Trim · town · Meath · 1170–1200

    Hugh Tyrrell, the constable, destroyed the defenses of Trim castle when Roderic O'Conor entered Meath during De Lacy's absence, to prevent them from becoming serviceable to the enemy. They were quickly restored after O'Conor's expulsion.

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    in the town. This place, formerly called .i/Zi-rn/m, is of very remote antiquity, and was celebrated for its abbey of Canons Regular, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. The establishment became the seat of a small bishopric, of which St. Loman, nephew of St. Patrick, was made the first bishop ; of his successors, who were indifferently styled abbots or bishops, no regular notice is preserved till the year 1152, when the diocese was united with several others to form the see of Meath. In llOS the town and monastery were burned by Conor O'Melaghlin, and more than 200 persons who had taken refuge in the church perished in the flames ; in 1143 and 1155, also, the town suffered from conflagration. After the English invasion it was, with the whole of the territory of Meath, given by Henry H. to Hugh de Lacy, who made it a free borough ; and his son and successor, Walter de Lacy, in the reign of Richard L gave the burgesses a charter of incorporation, conferring privileges equal to those enjoyed by the citizens of Bristol. As the head of the palatine lordship of the Lacys, the town became a place of importance ; and a strong castle was erected here as a baronial residence for that family, who also refouuded the monastery. The defences of the castle were destroyed by the constable, Hugh Tyrrell, when Roderic O'Conor entered Meath during the absence of De Lacy, to prevent them from becoming serviceable to the enemy ; but on his expulsion they were quickly restored. In 1203 the town was again destroyed by fire. The present castle was built in 1220 ; and soon afterwards, during the sanguinary feuds which then prevailed, it was attacked by William de Burgo, but was obstinately defended by the garrison, and The assailants repulsed. When the palatinate of Meath was divided between the co-heiresses of Walter de Lacy, the 597

    town was still the capital of one-half, and in 1330 it was invested with jurisdiction over the other.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 352

52. Trim Castle keep and outworks along the Boyne

    Trim · town · Meath

    The remains of Trim Castle are extensive and conspicuous, featuring a massive keep strengthened by four lofty square towers, with round towers and outworks extending to the River Boyne. The whole complex occupies an area of about four acres.

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    The remains of the castle are extensive, and form a conspicuous and highly interesting object. The keep is a massive pile strengthened by four lofty square towers, which rise to a considerable height above the other parts of the building; and there are several round towers and other outworks extending to the river Boyne, which flows along their base ; the whole occupying an area of about four acres. The remains of the ancient abbey, in which was preserved an image of the Virgin, that was burnt at the Reformation, consist principally of part of the tower called the Yellow Steeple, onehalf of which was destroyed by Cromwell, against whom it was defended for a considerable time. Here were formerly also, a convent of grey friars, dedicated to St. Bonaventure; a Dominican friary, founded in honour of the Blessed Virgin, in 1263, by Geoffrey de Geneville, Lord of Meath, and in which general chapters of the order were frequently held ; and a chantry in the parish church. At Newtown Clonbun or Trim, about half a mile from the town, on the banks of the Boyne, are extensive remains of other religious foundations, the principal of which are those of a priory of Canons Regular of the order of St. Victor, founded by Simon de Rochfort, Bishop of Meath, about the year 1206 ; the prior was a lord of parliament, and there are still some remains of the fine old church. Adjoining the bridge are the remains of a square tower, whence a regular range of building extends along the water's edge to another tower, near which is the eastern gable of a small chapel with a fine window j and at a short

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 352

53. Trim corporation and parliamentary representation

    Trim · town · Meath · 1603–1840

    Under charters of James I and Charles II, Trim's corporation comprised a portreeve, twelve burgesses, and freemen. It returned two members to the Irish parliament until the Union, when the borough was disfranchised, and the corporation was dissolved in 1840.

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    By the charters of James I. and Charles II., the corporation consisted, until its dissolution in 1840, of a portreeve, twelve burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by a town-clerk, two serjeants-at-mace, and other officers. The portreeve, who was also justice of the peace, was annually elected on the 13th of September by the corporation at large, and might appoint a deputy, who was also a justice of the peace ; the burgesses, as vacancies occurred, were chosen from the freemen, who were admitted by favour of the corporation, by whom also the town-clerk and serjeants-at-mace were appointed. The corporation continued to return two members to the Irish parliament till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The borough court, held before the portreeve or his deputy, has issued no process since 1S'20, and has since fallen into total disuse ; the borough officers at the time of the recent dissolution of the body, exercised no municipal jurisdiction, and though a portreeve was annually chosen, the corporation might be considered as virtually extinct. General sessions are held twice in the year, and pettysessions on alternate Mondays before the county magistrates. The court-house, or tholsel, contains the requisite apartments for holding the courts, and a suite of assembly-rooms ; and previously to the erection of the present bridewell, the basement story was used as a

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 196

54. Trim surrendered to Cromwell, 1649

    Trim · town · Meath · 1649

    After the massacre at Drogheda by Cromwell in 1649, Trim surrendered to that general, the garrison disregarding the Marquess of Ormonde's instructions to destroy the place rather than suffer it to fall into Cromwell's hands.

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    In the reign of Edward II., during Piers Gaveston 8 vice-regency, Richard, Earl of Ulster, held his court here with a degree of ostentatious parade highly alarming to the chief governor, to whom his collected followers appeared as a well-appointed and formidable retinue. Edward Bruce, in his retreat from Munster to the north of Ireland, halted for some days at Trim ; and in 1393, Roger de Mortimer, Earl of March and Ulster, received a grant of tolls for the purpose of improving and fortifying the town, as the capital of all Meath. Richard II., when last in Ireland, on receiving intelligence of the Earl of Hereford's landing in England, committed the young lords Gloucester and Henry of Lancaster, the latter afterwards Henry V., prisoners to the castles of this place. In 1407 a parliament convoked at Dublin was adjourned hither, to deliberate on the best means of repressing the aggressions of Art Mac Murrough. On the accession of Henry VI. a parliament was held here; and in the year 1425 the Earl of March and Ulster, then lord-lieutenant, died suddenly at this place while preparing to repel the incursions of the native septs into his territories. In 1447, a parliament was held in which various reformatory and sumptuary laws were enacted ; and in 1459 a mint was established in the town. Richard, Duke of York, father of Edward IV., while lord-lieutenant of Ireland, resided for some time at Trim, the palatine liberty of which was vested in him ; and in the reign of Henry VII. the townsmen favoured the imposition of Lambert Simnel, but were afterwards received into the king's favour. Parliaments were also held here in 14S4, 1487, and 1491. During the parliamentary war the town again became a place of military importance. In 1642 it was in the hands of the confederate Roman Catholic forces, who were expelled ; and in a subsequent skirmish to retain the place. Sir Chas. Coote, commander of the parliamentarian garrison, was killed by a ball supposed to have been from the musket of one of his own troopers. Soon after this, four royal commissioners sat in the town to meet the agents of the confederate Catholics, and receive their remonstrance and petition for the redress of grievances. After the massacre at Drogheda by Cromwell, in 1649, the town surrendered to that general, the garrison disregarding the instructions given by the Marquess of Ormonde to destroy the place rather than suffer it to fall into his hands.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 352

55. Trim townsmen favoured Lambert Simnel imposture

    Trim · town · Meath · 1487–1491

    In the reign of Henry VII the townsmen of Trim favoured the imposition of Lambert Simnel, but were afterwards received into the king's favour.

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    In the reign of Edward II., during Piers Gaveston 8 vice-regency, Richard, Earl of Ulster, held his court here with a degree of ostentatious parade highly alarming to the chief governor, to whom his collected followers appeared as a well-appointed and formidable retinue. Edward Bruce, in his retreat from Munster to the north of Ireland, halted for some days at Trim ; and in 1393, Roger de Mortimer, Earl of March and Ulster, received a grant of tolls for the purpose of improving and fortifying the town, as the capital of all Meath. Richard II., when last in Ireland, on receiving intelligence of the Earl of Hereford's landing in England, committed the young lords Gloucester and Henry of Lancaster, the latter afterwards Henry V., prisoners to the castles of this place. In 1407 a parliament convoked at Dublin was adjourned hither, to deliberate on the best means of repressing the aggressions of Art Mac Murrough. On the accession of Henry VI. a parliament was held here; and in the year 1425 the Earl of March and Ulster, then lord-lieutenant, died suddenly at this place while preparing to repel the incursions of the native septs into his territories. In 1447, a parliament was held in which various reformatory and sumptuary laws were enacted ; and in 1459 a mint was established in the town. Richard, Duke of York, father of Edward IV., while lord-lieutenant of Ireland, resided for some time at Trim, the palatine liberty of which was vested in him ; and in the reign of Henry VII. the townsmen favoured the imposition of Lambert Simnel, but were afterwards received into the king's favour. Parliaments were also held here in 14S4, 1487, and 1491. During the parliamentary war the town again became a place of military importance. In 1642 it was in the hands of the confederate Roman Catholic forces, who were expelled ; and in a subsequent skirmish to retain the place. Sir Chas. Coote, commander of the parliamentarian garrison, was killed by a ball supposed to have been from the musket of one of his own troopers. Soon after this, four royal commissioners sat in the town to meet the agents of the confederate Catholics, and receive their remonstrance and petition for the redress of grievances. After the massacre at Drogheda by Cromwell, in 1649, the town surrendered to that general, the garrison disregarding the instructions given by the Marquess of Ormonde to destroy the place rather than suffer it to fall into his hands.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 352

56. Trinitarian monastery founded by St. Finian at Kilflyn, Limerick

    Kilflyn · parish · Limerick · 547–1296

    Remains of a Trinitarian monastery founded by St. Finian around 547 survive in Kilflyn parish. It was rebuilt in 1296 by the Fitzgeralds, whose property in the parish later passed to Trinity College Dublin.

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    KILFLYN, a parish, in the union of Kilmallock, barony of Costlea, county of Limerick, and province of Munster, 8 miles (S. E.) from Kilmallock, and on the road from Limerick to Kildorrcry ; containing 177M inhabitants. This parish, which is situated in the midst of a group of mountains separating the counties of Cork and Limerick, was waste and uncultivated previously to the year 1740, when a considerable number of Palatines, a branch from the colony of Rathkeale, settled here, and contributed to its improvement. It contains 4S19 statute acres; a great portion is still unproductive, but much of the waste has been brought into cultivation, and at the head of Glenroe is a large tract of land equal to any in the barony for fertility. The principal mountains are Kilcruig and Coolfrie, or Houndscourt. Slate of good quality is quarried in the immediate neighbourhood. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge is £120. The church, a neat edifice with a square tower, was built in 181 1, by a gift of £700 from the Board of First Fruits, who, in 1819, gave £200 towards the erection of the glebe-house, which is a handsome residence; the glebe comprises 15 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Glenroe ; the chapel, situated in the village of Ballyorgan, is a small thatched building. There are remains of a Trinitarian monastery founded by St. Finian about the year 547, and rebuilt in 1296 by the Fitzgeralds, whose property in this parish now belongs to the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin. A considerable portion of the building fell down in 1835, having been undermined in digging for treasure supposed to have been deposited there.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 25

57. Trinity Abbey ruins on shore of Lough Key

    near Lough Key · lake or lakes · Roscommon

    The ruins of Trinity Abbey stand on the shore of Lough Key (Lough Kea), a lakeside religious house among the county's monastic remains. Nearby lies Inchmacneerin priory on an island in the same lake.

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    The most numerous class of antiquities is the raths, which abound in the northern and middle baronies, though less frequent in the south. No less than 470 are marked on the grand jury map of the county ; and the people generally regard them with veneration, deeming it unlucky to disturb or cultivate them. At Jamestown are two, remarkable for being situated so close to each other that the encircling trenches join ; there is a still more curious circular fortification at Lough Glynn, and at Oran are the remains of an ancient round tower. The monastic remains are also various and interesting : Archdall enumerates 50 religious establishments of various kinds ; and there are still interesting and picturesque ruins of Boyle Abbey ; of that at Clonshanvill ; of Trinity Abbey, on the shore of Lough Kea ; of the priory of Inchmacneerin, an island in the same lake ; of Tulsk Abbey ; of the Dominican convent at Roscommon; of Dcrane Abbey, two miles north-east from Roscommon ; and of Clontuskert Abbey, in the same vicinity. There are also a large old church and other ecclesiastical ruins at St. John's. Several remains of small castles are scattered through the county, undeserving of particular notice. The following are most remarkable : the old castle of Lough Glynn j the fortress on Castle Island, in Lough Kea, anciently belonging to Mac Dermct ; Ballynafad Castle, the ancient seat of O'Conor Roe ; the extensive ruins of Roscommon Castle ; those of Ballintobber Castle, belonging anciently to O'Conor Don ; the old keep of Athlone Castle ; the ruined fortress and fortified isthmus of St. John's; and the old castle of Ballinasloe. Old Coote Hall, in the parish of Tumna, presents curious remains of fortification in a tower and ruined walls ; and at Belanagare, Kilmore, and near Athleague, are ruined mansions, conspicuous by their tall ornamented chimneys and high gables. Among the other antiquities may be noticed the old bridge of Athlone, the inscription on which states it to have been built 4S3

    Rose

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 260

58. Trinity Island abbey and Annals of Lough Key

    near Trinity Island · townland · Roscommon · 600–1540

    On Trinity Island in Lough Key stood an abbey founded in the 7th century and refounded in 1215 for Premonstratensian canons. It was accidentally burnt in 1466, rebuilt, and continued until the dissolution; some ruins remain. A chronological register known as the Annals of Lough Key was kept in this monastery.

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    KILBRINE, a parish, in the union and barony of Boyle, county of Roscommon, and province of Connaught, If mile (S. S. E.) from Bojde ; containing 1114 inhabitants. It comprises 3S52 statute acres. Lough Key is chiefly in this parish : it is about three British miles in its greatest length, has many bays and inlets, and abounds with islands ; but its scenery is rather beautiful than romantic, although the Curlew mountains rise near its western shore. On Trinity Island was an abbey, founded in the 7th century, and refounded in 1215 for Prsemonstratensian canons : in 1466 it was accidentally burnt, but it was rebuilt, and continued till the general dissolution ; some of its ruins still exist. A chronological register was kept in this monastery, and is known as the Annals of Lough Key. On Inchmacnerin was a monastery, supposed to be the Eas-macneire founded by St. Columb ; it existed till the Reformation. Castle Island is almost covered by a building called Mac Dermot's Castle, which has been partially rebuilt by Viscount Lorton, and contains some handsome apartments and fine old portraits : several legends are connected with the original fortress. Church Island contains some ruins, and Stag Island is finely wooded. On the south side of the lake is the demesne of Rockingham, the beautiful seat of Viscount Lorton, who has greatly improved this parish, as well as his other estates. The parish is in the diocese of Elphin : the rectory is impropriate in Lord Crofton ; the vicarage was till lately part of the union of Kiiluken and corps of the archdeaconry of Elphin. The tithe rent-

    K I L— B R

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

59. Tristernagh monastery utterly destroyed

    Tristernagh · townland · Westmeath

    The monastery at Tristernagh, along with the Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian houses of Mullingar, was utterly destroyed. Their former existence is now ascertained only by place names.

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    Many vestiges of very remote antiquity may be traced in the neighbourhood of Ballintubber, and others of a similar description arc observable in Moycashel. Of the numerous monastic institutions scattered through the county, those of Currick, Clonfad, Kileoniry, Drumcree, Forgney, Killuken, Leckin, Lynn, and Uathugh, still remain, either wholly or in part, as places of worship either of Protestants or Roman Catholics. The ruins of those of Farranemanagh, Fore, Kilbeggan, Kilmocahill, and Multifarnham are also in existence : those of Tristernagh, and of the houses of the Franciscans, Dominicans, and Augustinians of MuUingar, are utterly destroyed ; Athlone had a house of Conventual Franciscans. The existence of several others is now ascertained only by the names of the places in which they flourished. The ruins of ancient castles, several of which were erected by Hugh de Lacy, are numerous : the remains of Kilbixy Ccislle, his chief residence, though now obliterated, were extensi\ein the year 1680. Those of Anlnorcher, or Horseleap, another of de Lacy's castles, and the place where he met with a violent death from the hands of one of his own dependants, are still visible. Ralhwire, Sonnagh, and Killare were also built by de Lacy : the second of these stands on the verge of a small but beautiful lake i the third afterwards fell into the hands of the Mac Geoghcgans, the mansion of which family was at Castle Geoghegan. Other remarkable i astles were, Del tin, the seat of the Nugents ; Leney, belonging to the Gaynors ; Empor, to the Daltons ; Killaniny and Jr<hwu:riilh, to the Dillons ; Bracca, near Ardnorcher, to the Handys, who have a modern mansion in its neighbourhood ; and Clare Castle, or MuUaghcloe, the headquarters of Generals de Ginkell and Douglas when preparing for the siege of Ballymore. Several castles of the Mac Geoghcgans were in the neighbourhood of Kilbeggan. The chief modern mansions are noticed under the heads of their respective parishes.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 390

60. Trummery round tower and ancient church ruins

    Trummery · townland · Antrim · 1822

    In the townland of Trummery, between Lisburn and Moira, stood extensive ruins of the ancient parish church of Magheramesk, with a round tower about 60 feet high adjoining the eastern gable. The tower was levelled with the ground in 1822, leaving only a small fragment with steps of a spiral staircase. A nearly perfect rath adjoins these ruins.

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    The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Connor, united from time immemorial with the vicarages of Aghagallen and Aghalce, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Hertford, in whom the rectory is impropriate. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £96. 3., of which £'21. 18. are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The church of the union is at Aghalee. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is united to Lisliurn. There is a place of worship for the Society of Friends. Of the ancient fortress of Innisloghlin there is scarcely a vestige : the ground was occupied by a farmer, who, in 1S03, levelled the bulwarks, filled up the intrenchmcnts, and left only a small fragment of the castle standing ; in levelling the ground were found many cannon-balls, several antique rings of gold, and various other valuable articles. In the townland of Trummery, between Lisburn and Moira, are the extensive ruins of the ancient parish church ; close to the eastern gable of which were the remains of one of the round towers, about 60 feet high, and of the same diameter throughout, with a conical roof of stone ; it was levelled with the ground in 1S'2S, and but a small portion remains, containing a few steps of a spiral staircase. Adjoining these ruins is a rath, nearly perfect. Vol. II.— '297

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 130