A history of the city and county of Cork

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Bishop Moylan buried in north chapel Cork

   Cork · city · Cork

   Dr. Moylan, titular Bishop of Cork, was buried in the north chapel with great pomp on 13 February (year given in context as early 1810s), demonstrating the prominence of the north chapel as a Catholic site in the city.

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   “February 13. — Dr. Moylan, titular Bishop of Cork, was buried in the north chapel with great pomp.

   “ May 1, 1816. — Mr. James O’Brien lit his shop in Tuckeystreet with gas. The brilliancy of the lamp„outside the house, the neatness and novelty of the arrangement, and the extent to which the light was conveyed through his manufactory and workshop, excited general admiration.

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 331

   As the companion tells it

   Cork holds a burial worth noting. On February 13, Dr. Moylan, titular Bishop of Cork, was buried in the north chapel with great pomp. His funeral showed how prominent that chapel stood as a Catholic site in the city.

2. Cork corn market built 1740; great scarcity

   Cork · city · Cork · 1740

   The corn market in Cork was built on December 26, 1740. During the summer of that year the city experienced a great scarcity of provisions.

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   “December 26, 1740. — The corn market was built.

   During the summer of this year there was a great scarcity,

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 316

   As the companion tells it

   Coming through Cork, you pass the site of a corn market built on December 26, 1740. That summer, the city had known a great scarcity of provisions.

3. County Limerick praised for corn and game in the 1680s

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1681

   Dinley described Ireland as bearing good corn of all sorts, singling out the county of Limerick in particular. He also found the country admirable for game of all sorts, with rabbits on rocks and mountains, and short fox and stag chases.

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   “ The countrey beares good corne of all sorts, in particular the county of Limerick. It is admirable for game of all sorts ; besides, the rocks and mountains have great number of rabbits, and a stagg runs not above seven miles out right. The chase of the fox is not so violent nor long as in England : it seldomes goes two miles out right also. The rivers, pools call’d loughs,

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 268

   As the companion tells it

   A traveller named Dinley passed through Ireland in 1681 and wrote that the country bears good corn of all sorts, singling out the county of Limerick. He found it admirable for game. The rocks and mountains held great numbers of rabbits. A stag, he said, runs not above 7 miles outright. The fox chase was not so violent nor long as in England, seldom going 2 miles outright.

4. Dal Cais of Borumba at the Battle of Clontarf

   Clontarf · parish · Dublin

   A highly stylized, poetic passage describes the Dal Cais of Borumba, the descendants of Lugaidh, who fought at the Battle of Clontarf. The text extols their virtues, comparing them to the sons of Israel, lions, and wolfhounds for their martial prowess and generosity.

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   every obstacle, and flayed every stout head : that is to say, the descendants of Lugaidh, son of iEnghus Tireeh, who are called the Dal Cais of Borumba, and the stainless, intelligent

   heroes of the Gaedhil along with them.

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 80

   As the companion tells it

   Through the parish of Clontarf, the road passes ground where the Dal Cais of Borumba fought. They were the descendants of Lugaidh, son of iEnghus Tireeh. The record calls them the stainless, intelligent heroes of the Gaedhil, who flayed every stout head and overcame every obstacle.

5. Effrinagh, a place for Mass in Leitrim

   Effrinagh · townland · Leitrim

   Effrinagh, in the parish of Kiltoghert, County Leitrim, is a name signifying simply a place for Mass, recording the fact that Mass was celebrated there.

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   Many other names of like formation are to be met with, such as Glenanaffrin, Carriganaffrin, etc. Occasionally the name records the simple fact that the Mass was celebrated, as we find in a place called Effrinagh, in the parish of Iviltoghert, Leitrim, a name which signifies simply a place for Mass. And sometimes a translated name occurs of the same class, such as Massbrook, in the parish of Addergoole, Mayo, which is a translation of the Irish Sruthanan-Aiffrinn.

   Awbeg, a river, three miles east of ICanturk. A ford on this river, Assolas, has given name to the townland, Assolas Ath-solais, the ford of the light, i.e.t where a light was kept to guide the traveller. Athsolais bridge crosses the Buingea river, four miles from Macroom.

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 390

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere close to Effrinagh, in Leitrim, the name itself holds a quiet fact. Effrinagh signifies simply a place for Mass. That is what the name records, that Mass was celebrated there. No great event is attached, no date given, no person named. The land keeps the memory in its Irish alone. Other places carry the same kind of name. Glenanaffrin and Carriganaffrin are formed the same way, built from the word for Mass. And in Mayo, in the parish of Addergoole, there is Massbrook, which is a translation of the Irish name Sruthanan-Aiffrinn. So across these counties you find the Mass remembered in the names of the ground itself, long after the people who gathered there are gone.

6. Fleet of Toirdhealbach raids Rosscarbery

   Ross Carbery · town · Cork · 1127

   In AD 1127, the fleet of Toirdhealbach sailed to Rossailithir (Rosscarbery) and despoiled the surrounding territory of Deas-Muinkain extensively.

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   “A.D. 1127, the Chronicum Scotorum records the facts that in this year £ the fleet of Toirdhealbach sailed to Eossailithir, and despoiled Deas-Muinkain very much.’

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 85

   As the companion tells it

   You are coming through Ross Carbery in Cork. In 1127, the Chronicum Scotorum records that the fleet of Toirdhealbach sailed to this place, which it calls Rossailithir, and despoiled the surrounding territory of Deas-Muinkain very much.

7. Foundation stone of St. Patrick's Bridge laid in Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1788

   The foundation stone of St. Patrick's Bridge in Cork was laid, with Mr. Michael Shanahan serving as architect and contractor.

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   “July 25, 1788. — The foundation stone of St. Patrick’s Bridge was laid ; Mr. Michael Shanahan was the architect and contractor,

   “August 1, 1788. — The new meat, fish, poultry, and vegetable markets were opened in the city of Cork.

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 322

   As the companion tells it

   Cork, in 1788, saw the foundation stone of St. Patrick's Bridge laid on July 25. Michael Shanahan was the architect and contractor. A week later, on August 1, the city's new meat, fish, poultry, and vegetable markets opened.

8. Great flood causes damage in Cork

   Cork · city · Cork · 1637

   In 1637 a flood in Cork did great damage to the city.

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   In 1631 the Turks gave some trouble on the Irish coast, and particularly at Cork and Kinsale. In 1637 there was a flood in Cork, which did great damage. In 1639 the tobacco manufactory at Kinsale, which might have been a source of

   3. Archbishop Laud was delighted, and wrote to Stafford “ My lord, I did not take you to be so good a physician as you are for the truth ; a great many church cormorants have fed so full upon it that they are fallen into a fever, and for that no physic is better than a vomit, if it be given time, and therefore you have taken a very judicious course to administer one so early to my Lord Cork. I hope it will do him good, though perchance he thinks not so, for if the fever hang long about him, or the rest, it will certainly shake either of their estates in pieces. Go on, my lord ; I must needs say this is thorough, indeed, and so is your physic, too, for a vomit never ends kindly that does not work both ways, and that is thorough.”

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 282

   As the companion tells it

   As the road passes through Cork, the records tell of a flood in 1637 that did great damage to the city. The same passage places trouble on this coast a few years before, when in 1631 the Turks gave trouble at Cork and Kinsale. The records also preserve a letter from Archbishop Laud to Stafford, written with delight about church affairs and Lord Cork. "My lord, I did not take you to be so good a physician as you are for the truth," Laud wrote. He spoke of church cormorants who had fed so full upon it that they were fallen into a fever, and said no physic was better than a vomit. He hoped it would do Lord Cork good, though perchance he thought not, for if the fever hung long about him, it would certainly shake his estate in pieces. He told Stafford to go on, calling the course thorough.

9. Greenstone on Dursey Island

   near Dursey Island · townland · Cork

   The north side of Dursey Island features beds and dykes of greenstone similar to those found at Cod's Head. These igneous rocks are part of the Old Red Sandstone formation in Cork.

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   The traps, or igneous rocks, in this formation in Cork, are of small extent, but of great interest. At Cod’s Head there are beds and dykes of contemporaneous and intrusive green¬ stone ; the beds average 120 feet in thickness. We have the same again on the N. side of Dursey Island. About Crow Head there are intrusive dykes of the same rock. (The neigh¬ bouring Bere Island traps are mentioned in the next section.) The summit of the hill Carrigcleenamore, seven miles S. of Mallow, is composed of greenstone ash. (Contemporaneous beds of trap are flows of ancient volcanic rock poured out on the surface during the deposition of the sedimentary strata in which they occur ; they are of the same age as the strata with which they are immediately connected. Intrusive dykes of trap have been injected among the rocks in which they occur ; they are, therefore, of some age later than that of those rocks. Trappean ash is a stratified deposit of volcanic matter, derived either from the scoriae of the eruption or from the destruction of trappean rocks, or both ; this is, of course, contemporaneous with the strata among which it me curs.)

   In connection with the useful products belonging to this formation in Cork (reserving for the present the metallic veins), we must mention, first, the mechanically deposited copper ore which occurs in a set of beds lying either at, or just below, the base of the Upper Old Red. The copper zone, as this set of beds is called, can be traced over all the district stretching from Waterford into Cork and Kerry ; it includes a thickness of 300 or 400 feet, throughout which the particles of copper ore were deposited here and there in patches. The copper debris must have been derived from some older copper-, bearnm rock, perhaps Lower Silurian, as the rocks of that formation in S.E. Ireland contain copper veins which stop short at the junction with the O.R.S., and which must have been there

   Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 343

   As the companion tells it

   Somewhere around here, on the north side of Dursey Island, the rocks tell a story of fire and time. The greenstone found here is an igneous rock, part of the Old Red Sandstone formation that runs through Cork. These traps, as they are called, are of small extent in this formation but of great interest. At Cod's Head, the same kind of greenstone appears in beds and dykes, the beds averaging 120 feet in thickness. What you have here on Dursey is the same again. The beds are contemporaneous, meaning they are flows of ancient volcanic rock poured out onto the surface during the deposition of the sedimentary strata in which they occur. They are of the same age as the strata with which they are immediately connected. The intrusive dykes, on the other hand, were injected among the rocks later, so they are of some age later than those rocks. About Crow Head, there are intrusive dykes of this same greenstone. The Old Red Sandstone also carries useful products. Mechanically deposited copper ore occurs in beds lying at or just below the base of the Upper Old Red. This copper zone can be traced from Waterford into Cork and Kerry, across a thickness of 300 or 400 feet, with particles of copper ore scattered in patches. The copper debris likely came from some older copper-bearing rock, perhaps Lower Silurian, since rocks of that formation in southeast Ireland contain copper veins that stop short at the junction with the Old Red Sandstone.

10. Harbours and rivers of Cork cleansed by Act

    Cork · city · Cork

    An Act of Parliament was passed for cleansing and deepening the harbours and rivers of Cork, Galway, Sligo, Drogheda, and Belfast, and for erecting a ballast office in each of these ports.

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    “ An act was passed for cleansing and deepening the har¬ bours and rivers of Cork, Galway, Sligo, Drogheda, and Belfast, and for erecting a ballast office in each.

    “ According to the accounts of the collector of the duly on coals, from 1719 to 1729 there were about 6,000 tons of coal burnt in this city yearly.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 316

    As the companion tells it

    An Act of Parliament was passed for cleansing and deepening the harbours and rivers of Cork, along with Galway, Sligo, Drogheda, and Belfast, and for erecting a ballast office in each of these ports. According to the collector of the duty on coals, between 1719 and 1729 about 6,000 tons of coal were burnt in this city each year.

11. Igneous rocks at Cod's Head

    near Cod's Head · promontory · Cork

    Cod's Head contains beds and dykes of contemporaneous and intrusive greenstone, with the beds averaging 120 feet in thickness. Similar greenstone beds appear on the north side of Dursey Island, and intrusive dykes of the same rock are found at Crow Head.

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    The traps, or igneous rocks, in this formation in Cork, are of small extent, but of great interest. At Cod’s Head there are beds and dykes of contemporaneous and intrusive green¬ stone ; the beds average 120 feet in thickness. We have the same again on the N. side of Dursey Island. About Crow Head there are intrusive dykes of the same rock. (The neigh¬ bouring Bere Island traps are mentioned in the next section.) The summit of the hill Carrigcleenamore, seven miles S. of Mallow, is composed of greenstone ash. (Contemporaneous beds of trap are flows of ancient volcanic rock poured out on the surface during the deposition of the sedimentary strata in which they occur ; they are of the same age as the strata with which they are immediately connected. Intrusive dykes of trap have been injected among the rocks in which they occur ; they are, therefore, of some age later than that of those rocks. Trappean ash is a stratified deposit of volcanic matter, derived either from the scoriae of the eruption or from the destruction of trappean rocks, or both ; this is, of course, contemporaneous with the strata among which it me curs.)

    In connection with the useful products belonging to this formation in Cork (reserving for the present the metallic veins), we must mention, first, the mechanically deposited copper ore which occurs in a set of beds lying either at, or just below, the base of the Upper Old Red. The copper zone, as this set of beds is called, can be traced over all the district stretching from Waterford into Cork and Kerry ; it includes a thickness of 300 or 400 feet, throughout which the particles of copper ore were deposited here and there in patches. The copper debris must have been derived from some older copper-, bearnm rock, perhaps Lower Silurian, as the rocks of that formation in S.E. Ireland contain copper veins which stop short at the junction with the O.R.S., and which must have been there

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 343

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Cod's Head, the rocks tell an old volcanic story. The igneous rocks in this part of Cork are of small extent, but of great interest. At Cod's Head itself there are beds and dykes of contemporaneous and intrusive greenstone, with the beds averaging 120 feet in thickness. The same greenstone beds appear again on the north side of Dursey Island, and intrusive dykes of the same rock are found about Crow Head. What this means is that some of these rocks were poured out as flows of ancient volcanic rock on the surface during the deposition of the sedimentary strata in which they occur. They are of the same age as the strata with which they are immediately connected. These are the contemporaneous beds. The intrusive dykes, on the other hand, were injected among the rocks in which they occur, and so they are of some later age than those rocks. Not far off, the summit of the hill called Carrigcleenamore, seven miles south of Mallow, is composed of greenstone ash. Trappean ash is a stratified deposit of volcanic matter, derived either from the scoriae of the eruption or from the destruction of trappean rocks, or both. This too is contemporaneous with the strata among which it occurs. The neighbouring Bere Island traps are noted separately. The rocks here are part of a wider pattern stretching across Cork, connected to the copper zone that runs from Waterford into Cork and Kerry.

12. Inniscarra ruined church at river junction

    Inishcarra · parish · Cork

    A ruined church of Inniscarra stands near the junction of two rivers, where the river scenery is described as very picturesque. The site is noted as a topographical landmark in the Lee valley.

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    and near the confluence the river scenery is very picturesque. The ruined church of Inniscarra is near the junction of the rivers.

    Ballyhooly. — A castle and village on the Blackwater, below Mallow ; it is called Ath-ubkla in the Book of Lismore. The present name is formed by the prefix Bally, and makes the town of the appleford. In many places, and especially in the north, the word abhlia is used in the sense of “ orchard,” as for instance, in Avalreagh in Monaghan, grey orchard ; Annaharil, in Londonderry and Tyrone, the marsh of the orchard. Very much the same meaning has Oola on the Limerick and Waterford railway, which preserves exactly the sound of the Irish name Ubhlia , i.e., apple trees, or a place of apples.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 396

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through the parish of Inishcarra in Cork, the river scenery near the meeting of two rivers is said to be very picturesque. The ruined church of Inniscarra stands near that junction. Little else is recorded of it here, only that it marks the landscape of the Lee valley as a landmark known to those who wrote of the county.

13. Limestone beds at Mitchelstown Castle demesne

    Mitchelstown · townland · Cork

    A sharp, regular bend in the limestone beds is observable at the south-west corner of the Mitchelstown Castle demesne. The cleavage planes remain parallel through the curved beds, and some beds contain lengthened nodules of black chert.

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    on both sides from within the bend, so as to cut somewhat directly across the beds all round the curve, the strike being the same all the while. Since, with these exceptions, the cleavage will maintain a steady direction for considerable distances, while cutting through beds which are inclined m different directions, it is evident that the cleavage was not superinduced until after the folding of the strata, although these two were caused by the same compressing force. It is readily conceivable that the cleavage would require a longer time for its development and completion than the other. There is an interesting phenomenon to be observed at the S.W. corner of Mitchelstown Castle demesne, where there is a sharp and very regular bend in some limestone beds ; in this case the cleavage planes remain parallel to themselves throughout the sharply curved beds ; some of the beds have nodules of black chert ; these are lengthened in the direction of the cleavage planes. At first sight this might seem to be a case of distortion, similar to that of the fossils above mentioned, and such it may be ; yet it might also be accounted for in this way, viz. — that whereas the chert nodules, during segregation and growth, usually extend them¬ selves rather in the direction of the bedding, as being that of least obstruction, they have, in this case, for the same reason, spread along the surfaces of cleavage. There is a curious phenomenon well displayed, for instance, on the east side of the hill Knockaphuka, beyond Schull, which we might call stepped cleavage. The cleavage planes have, at pretty regular distances, small oblique steps or shifts in them ; though there seems to have been no dislocation in the material of the rock. At some little distance, whence the cleavage cannot be seen, these steps will still catch the eye, and form very regular lines, running nearly at right angles to the cleavage lines. It seems difficult to account for this. It may be that the cleavage planes and the transverse planes of shift were not produced simultaneously, and that the latter were caused by an action which, under other circumstances, would have given rise to regular joint planes.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 356

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Mitchelstown, at the south-west corner of what was the Mitchelstown Castle demesne, there is a sharp and very regular bend in some limestone beds. The cleavage planes run through these curved beds and remain parallel to themselves the whole way around. Some of the beds hold nodules of black chert, and these nodules are lengthened in the direction of the cleavage planes. At first sight this might seem to be a case of distortion. And perhaps it is. But there is another way to account for it. Chert nodules, during their segregation and growth, usually extend themselves along the direction of the bedding, because that is the line of least obstruction. In this case, for the same reason, they may have spread along the surfaces of cleavage instead. The broader point this illustrates is about timing. Cleavage will maintain a steady direction over considerable distances, cutting through beds that are inclined in different directions. This tells us the cleavage was not superinduced until after the folding of the strata. Both the folding and the cleavage were caused by the same compressing force, but the cleavage likely required a longer time for its development and completion than the folding did. So what you can see in these bent limestone beds is a record of two stages of one event: first the rock folded, then it cleaved. The chert nodules grew along whichever surface offered least resistance.

14. Lord president's salary recorded at Lismore

    Lismore and Mocollop · parish · Cork

    An ancient document at Lismore, in the handwriting of the first Earl of Cork, records the salary and allowances of the lord president and council. The document specifies their weekly diet allowance and daily retinue costs for horse and foot.

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    “ According to an ancient document at Lismore, in the hand¬ writing of the first Earl of Cork, besides the above salary, the

    3 1 6

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 260

    As the companion tells it

    In the parish of Lismore and Mocollop, an ancient document in the handwriting of the first Earl of Cork records the salary of the lord president and council, their weekly diet allowance, and daily costs for horse and foot in their retinue.

15. Lords Justices lodged near Castlelyons, dined at Waterpark

    Castlelyons · town · Cork

    On their journey from Clonmel to Cork, the Lords Justices stayed overnight at Colonel Barry's near Castlelyons. The following day they dined at Waterpark with the Lord Chief Justice Pine before continuing to Cork.

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    “ August 16. The Marquis of Winchester, and the Earl of Galway, lords justices, set out from Dublin to Kilkenny, where they were sumptuously entertained by the Duchess of Ormond. On the 1 8th they arrived at Waterford, being met on the road by several gentlemen, and, near the city, by the mayor and corporation, with whom they dined. Next day, they viewed the garrison and the fort of Duncannon, where they were entertained by the governor, Colonel Purcell. After knighting John Mason, Esq., the mayor, their lordships proceeded to Clonmel, attended by the sheriff, and several gentlemen of the county of Tipperary, and by the mayor, aldermen, and recorder of Clonmel. They reviewed several regiments at Two-milebridge, who were there encamped. From Clonmel they pro¬ ceeded to Cork. On the 23rd they lay at Colonel Barry’s, near Castle-Lyons, and dined next day at Waterpark with the Lord Chief Justice Pine.

    “ On the 25th they came to Cork, being met some miles from the town by the bishop and clergy of the diocese, and several gentlemen, and were received at the gates of the city by the mayor and aldermen in their formalities, by whom they were sumptuously entertained at the expense of .£200, and were made free of the city. On the 26th they went to Kinsale, visited the fort, and reviewed Sir Matthew Bridges’ regiment of foot. On the 28th they returned to Cork, where they reviewed the royal regiment of foot, commanded by Colonel Hamilton ; and having taken a view of the harbour, were

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 307

    As the companion tells it

    The town of Castlelyons sits along this road, and in August of one year it was a stopping place for two of the highest officers in Ireland. The Marquis of Winchester and the Earl of Galway, the Lords Justices, had set out from Dublin on August 16 and travelled through Kilkenny, Waterford, and Clonmel on their way to Cork. At Kilkenny they were sumptuously entertained by the Duchess of Ormond. At Waterford they were met on the road by several gentlemen, and near the city by the mayor and corporation, with whom they dined. The next day they viewed the garrison and the fort of Duncannon, where they were entertained by the governor, Colonel Purcell. After knighting John Mason, the mayor, their lordships proceeded to Clonmel, attended by the sheriff and several gentlemen of Tipperary, and by the mayor, aldermen, and recorder of Clonmel. They reviewed several regiments at Two-milebridge, encamped there. From Clonmel they continued toward Cork. On the 23rd they lay at Colonel Barry's, near Castlelyons, and dined the next day at Waterpark with the Lord Chief Justice Pine. On the 25th they came to Cork, met some miles from the town by the bishop and clergy of the diocese and several gentlemen, and received at the gates by the mayor and aldermen in their formalities. They were sumptuously entertained at a cost of 200 pounds, and were made free of the city.

16. Mount Gabriel synclinal trough near Schull

    near Mount Gabriel · hill or hills · Cork

    Mount Gabriel, near Schull, is a ridge that coincides with a synclinal trough of the strata, its upper parts composed of Carboniferous Slate. This resulted from denudation removing the surrounding country that once rose higher than the prominence.

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    But, however we may apportion the work done between the agents, the amount of the denudation effected by them has been enormous. To take a couple of clear and unmistakable instances — the now exposed Old Red Sandstone at Courtmacsherry, or Seven Heads promontory, must have been once covered with at least 5,000 feet of Carboniferous Slate, over which, in all probability, lay a considerable depth of Coal Measures, of which a p&tch has been left only sixteen miles distant. Again, the rocks at the north end of the Pass of Keimaneigh are 9,800 feet down in the O.R.S. ; that depth of their own formation has been removed from above them ; not to speak of the Carboniferous Slate or Limestone which must have overlaid that, and the Coal Measures which, in all proba¬ bility, came over all. Where the Coal Measures proper still remain the denudation has been comparatively small ; yet even there it must have been considerable, as we see from the way in w:hich the surface of the ground stretches across the edges of the steeply inclined, sometimes inverted, strata. The surface of the ground and the beds of rock never coincide but by accident ; although the greater surface ridges correspond with the greater anticlinal arches and the valleys with synclinal troughs, yet the ridges are very gentle ‘undulations compared with the great folds of the strata (Fig. 2) ; and most of the smaller undulations of the beds do not give rise to surface ridges. Sometimes, indeed, a ridge will even coincide with a synclinal trough of the strata. Such is the case with Mount Gabriel, near Schull, also with Sheehy Mountain, and with Milane Hill, both of which have been already mentioned as having their upper parts composed of Carboniferous Slate (Fig. 4.). This is entirely the result of the denudation having removed the surrounding country which once rose on each side higher than those prominences. The rocks in a synclinal curve present their edges to the denuding agent; and this often seems to give them an advantage in resisting it. It is very necessary to realize fully the large amount of denudation that has taken place ; otherwise we may be led to form great mis¬ conceptions as to various phenomena connected with the rocks

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 362

    As the companion tells it

    Mount Gabriel rises near Schull, and the road passes through that hill country. It holds a geological curiosity. A ridge of high ground here coincides with a synclinal trough of the strata, a reversal of the usual order where valleys follow troughs and ridges follow arches. The mountain's upper parts are composed of Carboniferous Slate, and so are the upper parts of Sheehy Mountain and Milane Hill. This happens because denudation has removed the surrounding country. That surrounding ground once rose on each side higher than these prominences. In a synclinal curve the rocks present their edges to the denuding agent, and this often seems to give them an advantage in resisting it, so the trough survives as a ridge while the higher ground around it is worn away. The scale of that wearing away across Cork is hard to grasp. At Courtmacsherry, the Seven Heads promontory, the exposed Old Red Sandstone must have once been covered with at least 5,000 feet of Carboniferous Slate, over which lay a considerable depth of Coal Measures, a patch of which survives sixteen miles distant. At the north end of the Pass of Keimaneigh, the rocks sit 9,800 feet down in the Old Red Sandstone; that depth of their own formation has been removed from above them, not to speak of the Carboniferous Slate or Limestone that overlay that, and the Coal Measures that probably came over all. The surface of the ground and the beds of rock never coincide but by accident. Greater surface ridges correspond with greater anticlinal arches, and valleys with synclinal troughs, yet the ridges are gentle undulations compared with the great folds of the strata, and most smaller undulations of the beds do not give rise to surface ridges at all.

17. New charters for Bandon and Clonakilty

    Bandon · town · Cork · 1611

    In 1611, new charters were made out for Bandon and Clonakilty as part of the ongoing municipal reorganisation in Munster.

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    under Sir Oliver St. John, Lord President, reviewed the forces of this province ; and, among others, the English planters settled in it by the gentlemen who were undertakers. New charters were made out for Bandon and Cloughnakilty the

    same year.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 278

    As the companion tells it

    In the town of Bandon, a charter was drawn up in 1611. Sir Oliver St. John, Lord President, had reviewed the forces of Munster that year, and the English planters settled there by the undertakers. New charters were made out for Bandon and Clonakilty, part of the municipal reorganisation then under way.

18. Places in Cork named after St. Molagga

    Timoleague · town · Cork

    St. Molagga, also known as Laicin, was the patron of Tegh-Mollagga. Various places in Cork, including Timoleague, Mitchelstown, and Marshalstown, were named after him.

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    His poems — St. Molagga, or “Laicin,” Patron of Tegh-Mollagga — His birth and parentage — Various places in Cork named after him — Timoleague, Mitchelstown, and Marshalstown.

    CHAP. IV. — The Danish Invasion ... ... ... ... ... 48

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 5

    As the companion tells it

    Up ahead is Timoleague, one of several places in Cork that take their name from St. Molagga, also known as Laicin. He was the patron of Tegh-Mollagga. Mitchelstown and Marshalstown share the same connection.

19. Railway geological section north of Mallow

    Mallow · town · Cork

    A fine geological section exposed by the railway north of Mallow revealed 1,600 feet of combined lower black shale and flag-grit series, with 700 feet of remaining Coal Measures proper above them.

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    amount ; first, because we have no evidence that the top of the Coal Measures is anywhere to be found here, as no later formation comes over them ; on the contrary, as we shall see presently, the great probability is that much of the highest part of the formation is wanting ; and even if it were present, the great disturbance that these beds have undergone would make it impossible to get their thickness without sufficiently extended and very continuous sections. In the Mullaghareirk district, the lower or black shale series is 700 feet thick, the flag and grit series 800. In the southern part of the area, as is shown by a fine section made by the railway, N. of Mallow, these two series together give 1,600 feet of thickness, whilst what remains of the O.M.s. proper measures 700 feet.

    The principal useful product is, of course, the coal, which is of three kinds, viz. : — anthracite, sometimes containing iron pyrites ; culm, which is a laminated coal, crumbling down on exposure to the air ; and pindy, a shale which is sometimes sufficiently carbonaceous to be used as fuel. Seams of coal have been worked in different places near the Mullaghareirk hills, and at Glencollin colliery, about a mile S. of Kingwilliamstown. There are two lines of collieries beginning two or three miles S.W. of Kanturk, and running, for eight or nine miles, towards W.S.W. ; of these the Dromagh and Lisnacon collieries are the most important. Several pits of culm have been worked near Gneeves and Bally dough, six or eight miles E.S.E. of Kanturk. Iron-stone and wavellite occurs in this formation, and some spas rise therein, as near Kanturk, etc.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 352

    As the companion tells it

    Mallow, in County Cork, gave geologists one of their finest windows into the old rock of this region. When the railway was cut through the ground north of the town, it opened a section through the Coal Measures that still speaks to anyone who reads stone. The cutting showed two lower series together, the black shale and the flag and grit, reaching 1,600 feet in combined thickness. Above them lay what remained of the Coal Measures proper, measuring 700 feet. There is no evidence that the top of the Coal Measures survives anywhere here. No later formation lies over them, and the great probability is that much of the highest part of the formation is simply wanting. Even if it had survived, the beds have undergone such disturbance that measuring their full thickness would demand far more extended and continuous sections than any single cutting could supply. For comparison, up in the Mullaghareirk district, the lower black shale series alone runs 700 feet thick, and the flag and grit series 800. The principal useful product drawn from these beds is coal, of three kinds: anthracite, sometimes containing iron pyrites; culm, a laminated coal that crumbles on exposure to air; and pindy, a shale sometimes carbonaceous enough to burn as fuel. Seams were worked near the Mullaghareirk hills and at Glencollin colliery, about a mile south of Kingwilliamstown. Two lines of collieries begin two or three miles south-west of Kanturk and run for eight or nine miles towards west-south-west, with Dromagh and Lisnacon the most important. Several culm pits were worked near Gneeves and Ballydough. Iron-stone and wavellite occur in this formation, and some spas rise within it, as near Kanturk.

20. Ruins of Dunanore Castle on Innisherkin Island

    near Sherkin Island · townland · Cork

    The ruins of the Castle of Dunanore, also known as the Golden Fort, stand on Innisherkin (Sherkin) Island, opposite Baltimore on the south coast of Cork.

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    Ruins of the Castle of Dunanore, or the Golden Fort, "situated in Innisherkin Island, opposite Baltimore, South Coast of Cork.

    FIRST CATHOLIC CHAPEL AT BANDON. *01

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 322

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere close to Sherkin Island, the ruins of Dunanore Castle stand. It was also called the Golden Fort, situated on Innisherkin Island, opposite Baltimore on the south coast of Cork.

21. St. Molagga's Church near Marshalstown

    Marshalstown · townland · Cork

    The ancient name Eidham Malaga referred to St. Molagga's Church near Marshalstown, County Cork. The site is linked to the veneration of the saint in the area.

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    The place called At/i-Cros-Molaga , between Mitchelstown and Kildorrery, Co. Cork, is named after him, and Eidham Malaga was the ancient name for St. Molagga : Church near Marshalstown, Co. Cork.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 49

    As the companion tells it

    Close to Marshalstown, there was a church known in ancient times as Eidham Malaga, St. Molagga's Church. The saint's name also marks another place, Ather-Cros-Molaga, between Mitchelstown and Kildorrery, linking his veneration across this part of Cork.

22. The Harp of Erin newspaper in Cork

    Parliament Street · street · Cork · 1798

    The Harp of Erin, a Cork paper, was published by John Daly at 16 Parliament Street. It printed political squibs against Pitt, including a verse about taxes dated March 7, 1798.

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    3. The Harp of Erin, a Cork paper, published by John Daly, at 16 Parliament street, has the following squib : —

    “ Since many a tax has been laid on by thee,

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 327

    As the companion tells it

    A newspaper, the Harp of Erin, was published by John Daly at 16 Parliament Street in Cork. It printed political squibs against Pitt, including a verse about taxes dated March 7, 1798, which began, "Since many a tax has been laid on by thee."

23. Torc Mountain at Killarney named for the wild boar

    Torc · townland · Kerry

    The name of Tore (Torc) mountain at Killarney indicates the presence of wild boars in ancient times. The name, pronounced 'Turk,' also gave rise to the name of the nearby Turk Waterfall, well known to tourists.

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    The wild boar (tore fiadhain) would not be far to seek, as the name of Tore7 mountain at Killarney indicates; nor would

    6. One of the lost books mentioned by Keating is the Black Book of St. Molaga.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 29

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere around here is Torc mountain at Killarney. Its name points to the wild boar, the tore fiadhain, that once lived in these places. People pronounce it Turk, and the nearby Turk Waterfall took the same name, a spot well known to tourists.

24. Triennial assembly of ancient Tara

    Tara · parish · Meath · 1167

    An assembly of Irish clergy and bishops in 1167 was compared to the ancient triennial assembly at Tara, representing the last act of Irish independence before the English invasion.

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    An assembly of the Irish clergy and bishops was held in 1167, which emulated, if it did not rival, the triennial assembly of ancient Tara. It was the last act of Irish independence. The tyrannical Danes had been expelled as a body, and those who yet remained amalgamated with the

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 98

    As the companion tells it

    Tara is a parish in Meath the road passes through. In 1167, an assembly of Irish clergy and bishops met, emulating the triennial assembly of ancient Tara. It was called the last act of Irish independence. The tyrannical Danes had been expelled as a body, and those who remained had amalgamated.

25. William Gold delivers four city charters in Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 1618

    On November 7th, 1618, former mayor William Gold delivered up in open court to his successor four charters of Cork—those of Edward IV, Henry VIII, Queen Elizabeth, and King James I—along with a quietus of the exchequer for the fee-farm rent.

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    1618. “ On the 7th of November Mr. William Gold, who was the foregoing year mayor of Cork, delivered up in open court, to his successor, four charters, viz., those of Edward IV., Henry VIII., Queen Elizabeth, and the charter of King James I., as also one quietus of the exchequer for the fee-farm rent of the city.

    1620. “ Richard Boyle, bishop of Cork, Cloyne, and Ross, this

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 279

    As the companion tells it

    Cork holds a piece of its civic memory from 1618. On the 7th of November that year, William Gold, who had been mayor the year before, stood in open court and handed over to his successor four charters of the city: those of Edward IV, Henry VIII, Queen Elizabeth, and King James the First. He gave up as well a quietus of the exchequer for the fee-farm rent of the city.

26. Anticlinal fold from Buttevant to Castleisland via Meelin and Taur

    near Meelin · population centre · Cork

    An anticlinal fold runs from between Mallow and Buttevant to Castleisland in Kerry, its course marked by limestone appearing from beneath the surface at Meelin and Taur. Another fold runs from Kanturk into Kerry.

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    This formation makes a table land, with a well-defined escapement running all round it ; in the middle parts of its area it rises into monotonous undulating hilly moorlands, with many eminences approaching 1,341 feet, the height of Mullaghareirk, and 1,417 feet, the height of Mount Eagle. There are many parallel folds in this formation running E.N.E. and W.S.W., many of which are not perceptible on the map ; others, however, are so. The three arms or promontories which run out to Mallow, Buttevant, and Charleville, are, as might be anticipated, synclinal troughs. An anticlinal fold runs between the last two to Castleisland, in Kerry ; its course being marked by the limestone peeping up from beneath at Meelin and Taur ; another runs in the same direction from Kanturk into Kerry, whose course is similarly indicated, though outside of our county.

    There are many characteristic fossils found in this formation within this district ; but, as with other formations, we shall not take up space by giving lists ; particularly as there is no special interest in the fossils (as compared with those of other Coal Measure localities), as is the case, for instance, in Kilkenny. We shall merely note that sea shells are sometimes found in the lower shales and land plants in the upper parts of the series.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 351

27. Cork coal consumption 1719–1729

    Cork · city · Cork · 1719–1729

    According to the collector of the duty on coals, about 6,000 tons of coal were burnt yearly in Cork city between 1719 and 1729.

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    “ According to the accounts of the collector of the duly on coals, from 1719 to 1729 there were about 6,000 tons of coal burnt in this city yearly.

    “February 2, 1732. — According to a return made by the hearth money collectors in this and the following year, there were in the city of Cork 2569 Protestants and 5398 Roman Catholic families.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 316

28. Death of Roisseni, abbot of great Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 685

    In 685, Roisseni, described as another abbot of 'great Cork,' died. The author notes it was fortunate he did not live to see the coming desolation of the land.

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    In 685 Roisseni, another abbot of “ great Cork,” died.

    It was well for him that he had gone to his peaceful rest, so that he did not live to see the terrible desolation which was so soon to overspread' the land.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 53

29. Death of Suibhne, Bishop Prince of Cork

    Cork · city · Cork · 677–682

    In the year 680, the Four Masters record the death of Suibhne, son of Maelmuha, successor of Bairre of Corcach. He is described as bishop prince of Cork in the Annals of Clonmacnoise.

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    “ The seventh yvsr of Finachta, Suibhne, son of Maelmuha, successor of Bairre of Corcach, died.” 4

    In the year 680, the Annals of Clonmacnoise record “ extreme great wind and earthquakes in Ireland,” and add :

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 52

30. Geological inversion from Cape Clear to Toe Head

    Cape Clear · electoral division · Cork

    Along the south side of the Cape Clear anticlinal, rocks dip the wrong way (N.N.W.) for 13 miles from the end of Cape Clear to the root of Toe Head. This inversion likely extends a further 14–15 miles inland beyond Galley Head.

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    have already referred. The character of the folding shows that the disturbance was not produced by pressures ol upheaval acting from below along the anticlinal arches as some might suppose on first thoughts. The distances of t le axes of the folds are sometimes very small, relatively to tne reasonably presumed minimum thickness of the earth s crust ; and it would be impossible that forces acting from below, along lines so close together, could produce a corrugation, on such a comparatively small scale, in such a crust, not to men¬ tion the difficulty of imagining how such forces could arise. Moreover, the foldings are generally violent, as shown by the steep dips of the strata, and sometimes so violent that some of the beds along the medial lines, or axes, of the anticlinais must be actually doubled up together (kig. 2) ; and besides some of the folds have been pushed over, until the beds at one side have been inverted (Fig. 3) ; neither of which could have been accomplished by forces simply acting from below. We may here mention some of the inversions which have been ascertained ; there are, doubtless, many, the existence of which is unknown from want of sufficient evidence. Along the south side of what we may call the Cape Clear anticlinal the rocks dip the wrong way, viz,, to N.N.W., from the end of Cape Clear to the root of Toe Head, a distance of 13 miles ; but this inversion extends, with the greatest probability, for at least 14 or 15 miles farther still ; since a little beyond, and inland of, Galley Head, in the same line, the Carboniferous Slate dips under the Old Red Sandstone ; the intermediate part of the inversion being nearly concealed under Rosscarbery Bay, etc. Also along the south side (again) of the Mizen Head anticlinal the Carboniferous Slate dips under the O.R.S., the inversion of the rocks extending for at least nine miles along their strike northward of Skibbereen (Fig. 3). An inversion on a much larger scale extends from the middle lake at Killarney, along the limestone valley, m rked on the map, to beyond Mallow, a distance of about 45 miles ; it is supposed that it may reach even to near Fermoy. Scarcely less than 15,000 feet of rock, including the whole thickness of the Carboniferous Limestone, have been slightly inverted ; in this case it is the north side of the great anticlinal which has been overturned. (We may mention that there is an apparent inversion on the south side of Dingle bay, in Kerry, this being again on the north side of a great anticlinal, which is, probably, a different one from that just mentioned ; the

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 353

31. Geological inversion near Galley Head and Rosscarbery Bay

    near Galley Head · promontory · Cork

    Beyond and inland of Galley Head, Carboniferous Slate dips under Old Red Sandstone along the same line as the Cape Clear inversion. The intermediate part of this inversion is nearly concealed under Rosscarbery Bay.

    Read the passage

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    have already referred. The character of the folding shows that the disturbance was not produced by pressures ol upheaval acting from below along the anticlinal arches as some might suppose on first thoughts. The distances of t le axes of the folds are sometimes very small, relatively to tne reasonably presumed minimum thickness of the earth s crust ; and it would be impossible that forces acting from below, along lines so close together, could produce a corrugation, on such a comparatively small scale, in such a crust, not to men¬ tion the difficulty of imagining how such forces could arise. Moreover, the foldings are generally violent, as shown by the steep dips of the strata, and sometimes so violent that some of the beds along the medial lines, or axes, of the anticlinais must be actually doubled up together (kig. 2) ; and besides some of the folds have been pushed over, until the beds at one side have been inverted (Fig. 3) ; neither of which could have been accomplished by forces simply acting from below. We may here mention some of the inversions which have been ascertained ; there are, doubtless, many, the existence of which is unknown from want of sufficient evidence. Along the south side of what we may call the Cape Clear anticlinal the rocks dip the wrong way, viz,, to N.N.W., from the end of Cape Clear to the root of Toe Head, a distance of 13 miles ; but this inversion extends, with the greatest probability, for at least 14 or 15 miles farther still ; since a little beyond, and inland of, Galley Head, in the same line, the Carboniferous Slate dips under the Old Red Sandstone ; the intermediate part of the inversion being nearly concealed under Rosscarbery Bay, etc. Also along the south side (again) of the Mizen Head anticlinal the Carboniferous Slate dips under the O.R.S., the inversion of the rocks extending for at least nine miles along their strike northward of Skibbereen (Fig. 3). An inversion on a much larger scale extends from the middle lake at Killarney, along the limestone valley, m rked on the map, to beyond Mallow, a distance of about 45 miles ; it is supposed that it may reach even to near Fermoy. Scarcely less than 15,000 feet of rock, including the whole thickness of the Carboniferous Limestone, have been slightly inverted ; in this case it is the north side of the great anticlinal which has been overturned. (We may mention that there is an apparent inversion on the south side of Dingle bay, in Kerry, this being again on the north side of a great anticlinal, which is, probably, a different one from that just mentioned ; the

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 353

32. Hills of Sheehy and Milane near Dunmanway

    Shehy Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Cork

    The Carboniferous Slate formation generally forms lower ground than the Old Red Sandstone, but the hills of Sheehy (1,792 feet, six miles NW of Dunmanway) and Milane (1,172 feet, four miles WSW of Dunmanway) rise higher than any Old Red Sandstone ground in their neighbourhood.

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    This formation seems to present no marked peculiarity of surface ; its materials having about the same durability as those of the O.R.S. It generally, indeed, forms lower ground than does that formation ; though sometimes its hills, as Sheehy, 1,792 feet, six miles N.W. of Dunmanway, and Milane, 1,172 feet, four miles W.S.W. of the same town, rise higher than any O.R.S. ground in their neighbourhood.

    The Carboniferous Slate is often abundant in fossils from top to bottom. It yields, especially in the Coomhola Grits, which are in the lower part of it, some land plants found in the Upper Old Red ; but its shells, which are of marine character, and occur even in its lowest beds, separate it strongly from that formation. It contains many fossils of regular Carboniferous species, which circumstance, as well as that of its sometimes representing the limestone, clearly determine its position and relations among the stratified formations. It has also fossils peculiar to itself mingled with those mentioned ; but this is only what we might have expected ; as different kinds of sea bottom, in the same ocean, whether sandy, muddy, etc., attract and foster different forms of animal life. A list of the fossils would take up much space, and without illustrations, would be of no use, except to the practised palontologist. Those who wish to go into the matter should consult Mr. Baily’s elaborate lists, with localities, etc., in the Memoirs of the Geological Survey, Exp.s to sheets 187, etc., and 192, etc., or Jukes’ Manual of Geology.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 345

33. Kerry royal revenue accounts under Henry III

    Kerry · county · Kerry · 1254–1255

    In 1254–55, during the 38th and 39th years of Henry III, Walter de Brackleyer served as vice-comes (sheriff) of County Kerry. He acknowledged £10 for pleas and perquisites, two marks for sergeantry dues, and 100 shillings for pleas and perquisites for the entire 37th year.

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    Some of the entries, in a computation of the king's revenue from the county of Kerry, in the 38th and 39th of Henry III., a.d. 1254-5 are very curious. Walter de Brackleyer was then vice-comes, the old name for sheriff, and acknowledged ^10 for “pleas and perquisites,” and, moreover, had two marks for the dues of sergeantry in the said county, from Michaelmas term, 39th year ; and 100 shillings for pleas and perquisites of the said county for the whole. year 37th.

    IO—2

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 124

34. Mizen Head anticlinal and rock inversion near Skibbereen

    near Mizen Head · promontory · Cork

    Along the south side of the Mizen Head anticlinal, Carboniferous Slate dips under Old Red Sandstone, with the inversion extending at least nine miles northward of Skibbereen along the strike of the rocks.

    Read the passage

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    have already referred. The character of the folding shows that the disturbance was not produced by pressures ol upheaval acting from below along the anticlinal arches as some might suppose on first thoughts. The distances of t le axes of the folds are sometimes very small, relatively to tne reasonably presumed minimum thickness of the earth s crust ; and it would be impossible that forces acting from below, along lines so close together, could produce a corrugation, on such a comparatively small scale, in such a crust, not to men¬ tion the difficulty of imagining how such forces could arise. Moreover, the foldings are generally violent, as shown by the steep dips of the strata, and sometimes so violent that some of the beds along the medial lines, or axes, of the anticlinais must be actually doubled up together (kig. 2) ; and besides some of the folds have been pushed over, until the beds at one side have been inverted (Fig. 3) ; neither of which could have been accomplished by forces simply acting from below. We may here mention some of the inversions which have been ascertained ; there are, doubtless, many, the existence of which is unknown from want of sufficient evidence. Along the south side of what we may call the Cape Clear anticlinal the rocks dip the wrong way, viz,, to N.N.W., from the end of Cape Clear to the root of Toe Head, a distance of 13 miles ; but this inversion extends, with the greatest probability, for at least 14 or 15 miles farther still ; since a little beyond, and inland of, Galley Head, in the same line, the Carboniferous Slate dips under the Old Red Sandstone ; the intermediate part of the inversion being nearly concealed under Rosscarbery Bay, etc. Also along the south side (again) of the Mizen Head anticlinal the Carboniferous Slate dips under the O.R.S., the inversion of the rocks extending for at least nine miles along their strike northward of Skibbereen (Fig. 3). An inversion on a much larger scale extends from the middle lake at Killarney, along the limestone valley, m rked on the map, to beyond Mallow, a distance of about 45 miles ; it is supposed that it may reach even to near Fermoy. Scarcely less than 15,000 feet of rock, including the whole thickness of the Carboniferous Limestone, have been slightly inverted ; in this case it is the north side of the great anticlinal which has been overturned. (We may mention that there is an apparent inversion on the south side of Dingle bay, in Kerry, this being again on the north side of a great anticlinal, which is, probably, a different one from that just mentioned ; the

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 353

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Mizen Head, the rocks tell a story of violent folding. Along the south side of the Mizen Head anticlinal, Carboniferous Slate dips under Old Red Sandstone, and this inversion of the rocks extends for at least nine miles along their strike northward of Skibbereen. The folding here was not produced by pressures of upheaval acting from below along the anticlinal arches. The distances between the axes of the folds are sometimes very small, relative to the reasonably presumed minimum thickness of the earth's crust, and it would be impossible for forces acting from below along lines so close together to produce a corrugation on such a comparatively small scale in such a crust. The foldings are generally violent, as shown by the steep dips of the strata, and sometimes so violent that some of the beds along the medial lines, or axes, of the anticlines must be actually doubled up together. Some of the folds have been pushed over until the beds at one side have been inverted, neither of which could have been accomplished by forces simply acting from below. There are doubtless many inversions the existence of which is unknown from want of sufficient evidence. Along the south side of the Cape Clear anticlinal, the rocks dip the wrong way, to north-northwest, from the end of Cape Clear to the root of Toe Head, a distance of 13 miles. This inversion extends, with the greatest probability, for at least 14 or 15 miles farther still, since a little beyond and inland of Galley Head, in the same line, the Carboniferous Slate dips under the Old Red Sandstone, the intermediate part being nearly concealed under Rosscarbery Bay.

35. Places named after St. Molagga

    Timoleague · town · Cork

    Several places in County Cork, including Timoleague, Mitchelstown, and Marshalstown, are historically named after St. Molagga, also known as Laicin.

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    His poems — St. Molagga, or “Laicin,” Patron of Tegh-Mollagga — His birth and parentage — Various places in Cork named after him — Timoleague, Mitchelstown, and Marshalstown.

    CHAP. IV. — The Danish Invasion ... ... ... ... ... 48

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa

    As the companion tells it

    As you pass through Timoleague, you are in one of several Cork places named after St. Molagga, also called Laicin. He is the patron of Tegh-Mollagga. Mitchelstown and Marshalstown also take their names from him.

36. Reddish marble seam along Cork to Ballincollig

    near Ballincollig · town · Cork

    A narrow seam of reddish marble runs along the line from Cork to Ballincollig and was once much used. This is noted among the ornamental marble deposits of the Carboniferous Limestone formation in County Cork.

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    Among the useful products the first, of course, is the lime obtained by calcining the limestone ; this is generally of good quality. When the limestone is properly marked and coloured it forms ornamental marbles. There is marble near Churchtown and Doneraile (in the northern part of the county), black ; near Mitchelstown, well marked and taking a good polish ; at Castle Hyde, variously shaded, with fossils ; near Ballyclough, black, red, and variegated, these two last-men¬ tioned places being near Fermoy ; near Cork, black, white, mottled white, light grey, or dove coloured more or less mottled, capable of a good polish ; on Little Island ; near Midleton, reddish and variegated ; near Castle Martyr, grey ; near Carrigaline, grey ; in the line from Cork to Ballincollig, along which runs a narrow seam of reddish marble, once much used; near Kilcrea, and elsewhere. Ochre is obtained in this formation in the N.W. neighbourhood of Fermoy and near Buttevant. Some mineral waters rise though the rocks of this formation ; as chalybeates, near Castlemartyr, and else¬ where, and the thermal springs about Mallow. The tempera¬ ture of The Spa, there, varies from 67° to 7i|° F., which maximum it reaches in November.

    Before passing to the succeeding formation we must mention, very briefly, an important controversy connected with the Carboniferous Slate. We have purposely avoided the name Devonian, which is sometimes used for the O.R.S., and some¬ times applied only to that part of it which is displayed, or generally supposed to be displayed, in Devonshire. The name is not only, for certain reasons, somewhat undesirable in itself, but in the present state of affairs it seems fraught with special inconvenience when considering the geology of Cork. Mr. Jukes wrote in 1853 (Popular Physical Geology)'. — “It is not unlikely that it is to the south of Ireland we, must look for the ultimate complete arrangement and harmonizing of

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 349

37. Abbot Cucaech of Cloyne dies, 821

    Cloyne · town · Cork · 821

    According to the Ancient Annals and the Wars of the Danes, Cucaech, abbot of Cluain-uamha (Cloyne), died in AD 821.

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    The following facts omitted by Archidall have been gleaned from our Ancient Annals and the “ Wars of the Danes.” : —

    “ A.D. 821. — Cucaech, abbot of Cluain-uamha, died.”

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 423

38. Aglishcormick, church of the sloe bushes

    Aglishcormick · parish · Limerick

    Aglishcormick is a parish whose name means the church of the sloe bushes. The term aglish derives from the Latin ecclesia and was applied to many churches across Ireland.

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    “ Aglishcormick, a parish — the church of the sloe bushes. Mr. Joyce says : — Another term for a church is eaglais [aglish] derived in common with the Welsh eccluis, the Cornish eglos, and the Armoric ylis, from the Latin ecclesia. This term was applied to a great many churches in Ireland ; for we have a considerable number of parishes and townlands called Aglish and English, the former being more common in

    486

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 390

39. Aglishdrinagh parish name etymology

    Aglishdrinagh · parish · Cork

    A parish in Cork called Aglishdrinagh derives its name from Irish, meaning 'the church of the slow bushes.' It is one of several parishes whose names incorporate 'Aglish' (church).

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    the south, and the latter in the north. There is a parish in Tipperary called Aglishcloghane, the church of the cloghaun, or row of stepping-stones ; another in Limerick, called Aglishcormick, St. Connie’s church, and a third in Cork called Aglishdrinagh, the church of the slow bushes.’’

    Ballybeg (small town). — The ruins of this monastery are situated near Buttevant, in the barony of Orrery and Kilmore. This house was founded by the Barrys .also. It was dedicated to St. Thomas, and the monks followed the rule of St. Augustine. It was endowed in the year 1229. An equestrian statue in brass of the founder was placed in the church. The ruins of this abbey show that it had been originally a magnificent structure.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 391

40. Allo, ancient name of the Blackwater

    Kanturk · town · Cork

    Allo was the ancient name of part of the river Blackwater and of a small river flowing into the Blackwater through Kanturk.

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    Allo. — The ancient name of part of the river Blackwater, and of a small river flowing into the Blackwater through Kanturk. (See Mallow.)

    Abbey Mahon is near Timoleague. It was founded by monks of the Cistercian order, and is situated in the barony of Iliane and Barryroe, and close to the bay of Courtmacsherry. It was endowed by Lord Barry with eighteen plowlands, but was confiscated at the suppression of monasteries. The pro¬ perty is now in the hands of the Earl of Shannon.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 389

41. Ballynacorra village of the weir on Cork harbour

    Ballynacorra · townland · Cork

    Ballynacorra, situated on Cork harbour, derives its name from the Irish for weir (coradh), meaning the village or town of the weir. A weir across a river was used either for fishing or to direct a mill-stream.

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    Ballynacorra, on Cork harbour — the village or town of the weir. A weir across a river, either for fishing or to direct a mill-stream, is called coradh in Irish,

    Barrett’s Castle stands about a mile south-west of the village of Ballincollig,

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 396

42. Chalybeate mineral waters at Castlemartyr

    Castlemartyr · townland · Cork

    Chalybeate (iron-bearing) mineral waters rise through the limestone rocks near Castlemartyr in County Cork. These mineral springs are noted as part of the geological products of the Carboniferous Limestone formation.

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    Among the useful products the first, of course, is the lime obtained by calcining the limestone ; this is generally of good quality. When the limestone is properly marked and coloured it forms ornamental marbles. There is marble near Churchtown and Doneraile (in the northern part of the county), black ; near Mitchelstown, well marked and taking a good polish ; at Castle Hyde, variously shaded, with fossils ; near Ballyclough, black, red, and variegated, these two last-men¬ tioned places being near Fermoy ; near Cork, black, white, mottled white, light grey, or dove coloured more or less mottled, capable of a good polish ; on Little Island ; near Midleton, reddish and variegated ; near Castle Martyr, grey ; near Carrigaline, grey ; in the line from Cork to Ballincollig, along which runs a narrow seam of reddish marble, once much used; near Kilcrea, and elsewhere. Ochre is obtained in this formation in the N.W. neighbourhood of Fermoy and near Buttevant. Some mineral waters rise though the rocks of this formation ; as chalybeates, near Castlemartyr, and else¬ where, and the thermal springs about Mallow. The tempera¬ ture of The Spa, there, varies from 67° to 7i|° F., which maximum it reaches in November.

    Before passing to the succeeding formation we must mention, very briefly, an important controversy connected with the Carboniferous Slate. We have purposely avoided the name Devonian, which is sometimes used for the O.R.S., and some¬ times applied only to that part of it which is displayed, or generally supposed to be displayed, in Devonshire. The name is not only, for certain reasons, somewhat undesirable in itself, but in the present state of affairs it seems fraught with special inconvenience when considering the geology of Cork. Mr. Jukes wrote in 1853 (Popular Physical Geology)'. — “It is not unlikely that it is to the south of Ireland we, must look for the ultimate complete arrangement and harmonizing of

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 349

43. First recorded Provost of Cork appointed

    Cork · city · Cork · 1199

    John Despenser was made Provost of Cork, being the first magistrate recorded to hold that office in the city.

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    AD “John Despenser was made Provost of Cork, and he

    "99- is the first magistrate recorded to be in that city.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 112

44. Greenstone ash bed at Subulter Hill

    Subulter · townland · Cork

    A bed of greenstone ash occurs within the limestone formation at Subulter Hill, located three miles east of Kanturk in County Cork. This is noted as a distinctive geological feature within the Carboniferous Limestone of the region.

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    The greatest thickness of the limestone in the county Cork cannot be well ascertained from want of suitable exposed sections ; but in the northern part of the county there is reason for supposing it to be i,5°° or 1,600 feet, which, how¬ ever, may well be less than the actuality. Its maximum thickness in Ireland is about 3,000 foot. A bed of greenstone ash occurs in this formation at Subulter Hill, three miles east of Kanturk.

    Among the useful products the first, of course, is the lime obtained by calcining the limestone ; this is generally of good quality. When the limestone is properly marked and coloured it forms ornamental marbles. There is marble near Churchtown and Doneraile (in the northern part of the county), black ; near Mitchelstown, well marked and taking a good polish ; at Castle Hyde, variously shaded, with fossils ; near Ballyclough, black, red, and variegated, these two last-men¬ tioned places being near Fermoy ; near Cork, black, white, mottled white, light grey, or dove coloured more or less mottled, capable of a good polish ; on Little Island ; near Midleton, reddish and variegated ; near Castle Martyr, grey ; near Carrigaline, grey ; in the line from Cork to Ballincollig, along which runs a narrow seam of reddish marble, once much used; near Kilcrea, and elsewhere. Ochre is obtained in this formation in the N.W. neighbourhood of Fermoy and near Buttevant. Some mineral waters rise though the rocks of this formation ; as chalybeates, near Castlemartyr, and else¬ where, and the thermal springs about Mallow. The tempera¬ ture of The Spa, there, varies from 67° to 7i|° F., which maximum it reaches in November.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 349

45. Lords Justices lodge near Charleville at Captain Oliver's

    Charleville · town · Cork · 1741

    During their 1741 tour the Lords Justices stayed overnight near Charleville at the residence of Captain Oliver, on their journey from Cork to Limerick. The stop illustrates Charleville's position on the main north Cork route.

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    entertained, on their return, by the bishop. On the 29th they set out for Limerick, and dined that day at Major Clayton’s, in Mallow, lying at Captain Oliver’s, near Charleville. On the 30th they arrived in Limerick, being attended through that county by the sheriffs and principal gentlemen, and were received at the gates of the city by the Mayor and Aldermen, in their formalities, with the usual ceremonies, the cannons being discharged, and the regiment of foot, com¬ manded by General Tiffin and Brigadier- General Ingoldsby, lining the street. Having reviewed these regiments, they visited the works about the place and the stores. On the 2nd of August they left Limerick and dined with Sir Donogh O’Brien, at Six-mile- bridge, and lay that night at Mr. Hick¬ man’s, near Ennis, being attended by the sheriff and other principal gentlemen in the county of Clare. They were met on the borders of Galway by Sir George St. George, governor of that county, with many gentlemen, who attended their lordships to the gates of Galway, where they were received by the mayor and other magistrates in their formalities, twelve companies of Colonel Brewer’s regiment in garrison lining the streets, and all the cannon being discharged. On the 4th their lordships reviewed the said twelve companies of Colonel Brewer’s regiment in garrison.

    “ On the 4th their lordships reviewed the said twelve companies, dined with the mayor, and viewed the works about tl;e town. The 5th they lay at Dean Pearce’s, near Loughrea. Thence they went to Athlone, where they were received by Mr. Attorney-General Rochfort, commander of the militia of Westmeath ; part of the militia of horse, foot, and dragoons being under arms on the occasion, and the cannon of that place being discharged. Their lordships went to church there on the 7th, and that evening lay at Mr. Peyton’s, near Ballymore. Next morning they reviewed Colonel Webb’s regiment of foot, and Rosse’s regiment of dragoons, which were encamped near that place. On August 1 ith they arrived at Dublin.”

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 308

46. Lower Silurian exposure on the Galtee Mountains

    near Galty Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Limerick

    A small area of Lower Silurian rock, approximately four and a half square miles, is found enclosed by the northern boundary of County Cork on the southwest side of the Galtee Mountains. These beds lie unconformably beneath the Old Red Sandstone, showing evidence of great geological disturbance and denudation.

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    portion of Lower Silurian exposure, only about four and a-half square miles in area, which happens to be enclosed by the northern boundary of the county, on the S.W. of the Galtee mountains, we should not be entitled to reckon this as one of the v visible) formations of the county of Cork. Its exceptional character, among the Cork stratified formations, makes us, however, glad to seize upon the opportunity of mentioning it! Whereas all the others are, as we have said, connected so far, as constituting one great succession of conformable deposits — this one lies unconformably beneath the lowest of those. We shall stop to consider and explain the signification of this. The Lower Silurian beds are generally much contorted, and thrown into irregular positions ; but the overlying Old Red Sandstone beds will be found to stretch smoothly and evenly across their upturned, truncated edges, that is to say, “un¬ conformably” (Fig. 1.) The inference is plain. The L.S. beds must have been laid down in the bottom of the sea nearly, at least, horizontally ; the beds being, therefore, parallel with each other. After their deposition some great disturbing force threw them into confusion and crumpled them up ; and, after that, some denuding agency removed a great portion of those beds, and wrought new surfaces across the edges of the remnant; and on those surfaces the beds of the O.R.S. were deposited with a stratification nearly, at least, horizontal (this is strikingly exhibited in Pigeon Rock Glen, outside the county). If the unconformability be great, as it is in the present instance, all this would involve a great interval of time between the two formations, and a great difference in the con¬ ditions under which they were respectively deposited (though conformability between two formations would not necessarily imply the opposite). The general description of the Lower Silurian rocks of this district is as follows : — They consist of hard quartzose grits, grey or yellowish, with slates, green, or purple, sometimes variegated; the cleavage in them being often very well developed. No fossils have been found in these rocks in this district, and, therefore, their age can only be concluded from their analogy with beds in neighbouring places, which are believed to belong to the Lower Silurian, and are similarly related to the Old Red Sandstone.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 340

47. New markets opened in Cork city

    Cork · city · Cork · 1788

    New meat, fish, poultry, and vegetable markets were opened in the city of Cork.

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    “August 1, 1788. — The new meat, fish, poultry, and vegetable markets were opened in the city of Cork.

    “December 18, 1788. — The mall, in Youghal, was formed, and an elegant large square building erected thereon, at the expense of the corporation, consisting of an assembly, card, coffee, and billiard rooms.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 322

48. Ochre deposits near Fermoy and Buttevant

    Buttevant · town · Cork

    Ochre is obtained from the Carboniferous Limestone formation in the north-west neighbourhood of Fermoy and near Buttevant in County Cork. These are noted among the useful products derived from the limestone formation.

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    Among the useful products the first, of course, is the lime obtained by calcining the limestone ; this is generally of good quality. When the limestone is properly marked and coloured it forms ornamental marbles. There is marble near Churchtown and Doneraile (in the northern part of the county), black ; near Mitchelstown, well marked and taking a good polish ; at Castle Hyde, variously shaded, with fossils ; near Ballyclough, black, red, and variegated, these two last-men¬ tioned places being near Fermoy ; near Cork, black, white, mottled white, light grey, or dove coloured more or less mottled, capable of a good polish ; on Little Island ; near Midleton, reddish and variegated ; near Castle Martyr, grey ; near Carrigaline, grey ; in the line from Cork to Ballincollig, along which runs a narrow seam of reddish marble, once much used; near Kilcrea, and elsewhere. Ochre is obtained in this formation in the N.W. neighbourhood of Fermoy and near Buttevant. Some mineral waters rise though the rocks of this formation ; as chalybeates, near Castlemartyr, and else¬ where, and the thermal springs about Mallow. The tempera¬ ture of The Spa, there, varies from 67° to 7i|° F., which maximum it reaches in November.

    Before passing to the succeeding formation we must mention, very briefly, an important controversy connected with the Carboniferous Slate. We have purposely avoided the name Devonian, which is sometimes used for the O.R.S., and some¬ times applied only to that part of it which is displayed, or generally supposed to be displayed, in Devonshire. The name is not only, for certain reasons, somewhat undesirable in itself, but in the present state of affairs it seems fraught with special inconvenience when considering the geology of Cork. Mr. Jukes wrote in 1853 (Popular Physical Geology)'. — “It is not unlikely that it is to the south of Ireland we, must look for the ultimate complete arrangement and harmonizing of

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 349

49. Post-office moved to Watergate Lane (1765)

    Cork · city · Cork · 1765

    On 19 September 1765 the Post-office was removed from Bruce-street on Dunscombe's-marsh to Watergate-lane (or Hanover street), near Christ Church, in the house of Mr. Loane, the post-master.

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    “September 19? 17^5* — The Post-office was removed from Bruce-street, on Dunscombe’s-marsh, to Watergate -lane, (or Hanover street), near Christ Church, in the house of Mr. Loane, the post-master.

    “ May 3, 1767. — A complaint was made in one of the Cork newspapers of fifty French vessels fishing for mackerel on the coast near Bantry Bay without interruption from the revenue

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 318

50. Potato markets in Cork city streets

    Harpur's Lane · street · Louth

    A daily return of loads of potatoes in Cork city markets on a Saturday listed Harpur's Lane with 15 loads, Barrack Street with 6 loads, the North market with 46 loads, and Blackpool with 12 loads, totaling 79 loads at prices of 8d. to 9d. per 21 lbs.

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    POTATOES. — Daily Return of Loads of Potatoes in Markets on Saturday, with price per weight of 21 lbs. : — Harpur’s-lane, 15 loads; Barrack-street, 6 loads; North, 46 loads ; Blackpool, 12 loads — Total, 79 loads. Price, 8d. to 9d.

    CATTLE FOR WEEK. — Pigs, 834; sheep, 241 ; cows, 1 5 1.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 419

51. Railway through hilly ground between Mallow and Cork

    Mallow · town · Cork

    The Old Red Sandstone formation in the middle part of County Cork forms high and hilly ground. This landscape is traversed by a depression through which the railway between Mallow and Cork runs.

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    The large mass (which includes the promontory of Iveragh and Dunkerron in Kerry) is, in the western part of the county, mountainous ; in the middle part it forms the high and

    THE COUNTY CORK.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa

52. Ruins of Kilcoleman Castle, Buttevant

    Buttevant · town · Cork

    The ruins of the Castle of Kilcoleman at Buttevant are noted as a surviving antiquity. The castle represents the medieval Barry stronghold in the area.

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    Ruins of the Castle of Kilcoleman, Buttevant.

    Tomb of David de Barry, Buttevant.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 308

53. St. Cummin-Fada, Bishop of Clonfert, d. 661

    Clonfert (Butson) · townland · Galway · 661

    A story of perseverance in learning is told of St. Cummin-Fada, Bishop of Clonfert, who died in AD 661. The tale parallels the story of St. Baoitkin watching a man build a house rod by rod.

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    8. O’Curry’s Lectures, vol. 3, p. 33- A similar story is told of St. Cummin-Fada, Bishop of Clonfert, who died a.d. 661.

    26 COWS, THE TEST OF WEALTH AND POSSESSION.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 30

54. Thirteenth Earl of Desmond buried at Tralee

    Tralee · town · Kerry · 1535

    A footnote records that while Smith claimed James was killed at Youghal, his name appears in the list of earls buried at Tralee, with the date 1535, which the author considers most probably correct.

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    9. Smith says that James was killed at Youghal, but his name is given in the Hibernica Domini, tna in the list of earls buried at Tralee, and the date 1 535. This is most probably correct.

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 135

55. Thomas N. Appagh Fitzgerald interred at Youghal Dominican friary

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1296

    Thomas N. Appagh Fitzgerald, the founder of the Dominican friary at Youghal, was interred in the middle of the choir of the friary in 1296, according to Grace's Annals.

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    « 1296. _ Thomas N. Appagh Fitzgerald, the founder of this

    friary, was here interred in the middle of the choir. ( Gvcice s Annals.) “ Marlborough’s Chronicle” makes his decease two

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 448

56. Tobacco manufactory at Kinsale

    Kinsale · town · Cork · 1639

    In 1639 the tobacco manufactory at Kinsale, which might have been a source of wealth, was noted. The passage is cut off but indicates its significance to the town.

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    In 1631 the Turks gave some trouble on the Irish coast, and particularly at Cork and Kinsale. In 1637 there was a flood in Cork, which did great damage. In 1639 the tobacco manufactory at Kinsale, which might have been a source of

    3. Archbishop Laud was delighted, and wrote to Stafford “ My lord, I did not take you to be so good a physician as you are for the truth ; a great many church cormorants have fed so full upon it that they are fallen into a fever, and for that no physic is better than a vomit, if it be given time, and therefore you have taken a very judicious course to administer one so early to my Lord Cork. I hope it will do him good, though perchance he thinks not so, for if the fever hang long about him, or the rest, it will certainly shake either of their estates in pieces. Go on, my lord ; I must needs say this is thorough, indeed, and so is your physic, too, for a vomit never ends kindly that does not work both ways, and that is thorough.”

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 282

    As the companion tells it

    Kinsale lies ahead on the road in County Cork. The year 1639 saw a tobacco manufactory established here, a venture the records call a possible source of wealth for the town. The passage that preserves this note breaks off before it tells us how the undertaking fared, leaving only the sense of what it might have meant for Kinsale's fortunes.

57. Carboniferous Slate thickness at Old Head of Kinsale

    near Old Head of Kinsale · promontory · Cork

    The greatest observed thickness of Carboniferous Slate occurs near the Old Head of Kinsale, where it is not less than 6,000 feet. The rapid thinning of these rocks across the region is notable.

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    The thickness of these rocks is, as we have said, re¬ markably variable ; the greatest observed is near the Old Head of Kinsale, where it is not less than 6,000 feet. It is interesting to observe that the rapid thinning away of these

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 345

    As the companion tells it

    Somewhere about Old Head of Kinsale, the Carboniferous Slate reaches its greatest observed thickness, not less than 6,000 feet. These rocks thin away remarkably fast across the region, so what you are passing now marks the deepest point of the formation.

58. Foundation of Roman Catholic chapel in Bandon

    Bandon · town · Cork · 1796

    The foundation stone of a Roman Catholic chapel was laid in Bandon, County Cork.

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    “April 28, 1796. — The foundation stone of a Eoman Catholic chapel was laid in Bandon.

    27

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 322

59. Slate quarrying at Cappagh near Schull

    Cappagh · townland · Cork

    Tolerably fair slates are obtained at Cappagh near Schull, though not as good as those found in the next geological formation. The Old Red Sandstone formation also yields good ochre and chalybeate springs in several places.

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    mnehrenute formerly." It is, no doubt, from the peroxide of iron which impregnates much of this formation that the oclne and the iron of the waters are derived. Tolerably fair slates are obtained in some places, as at Cappagh, near Scliull, thoug

    not so good as in the next formation. formation

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 344

60. Tomb of David de Barry at Buttevant

    Buttevant · town · Cork

    The tomb of David de Barry at Buttevant is recorded as a notable monument. It commemorates a member of the Anglo-Norman Barry family, lords of the region.

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    Tomb of David de Barry, Buttevant.

    '

    Internet Archive historyofcitycou0000cusa, Chapter 308