Name: The Parliamentary gazetteer of Ireland
Author: Anonymous

Ardcollum church built 1766 with Board of First Fruits grant

The church situated in Ardcollum parish, County Wexford, was built in 1766 at a cost of about £411, more than half of which came as a grant from the late Board of First Fruits. It had 180 sittings and an attendance of about 100.

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ARDCOLLUM, Ardcolmb, or Ardcolon, a parish in the barony of East Shelmalier, 5 miles north-north-east of NVcxford, co. Wexford, Lcinster. It lies along the north shore of Wexford Harbour or the estuary of the Slaney, yet is partly bounded on the south by the peninsular parish of Ardcavan. The land is of a fair average quality, but includes some sandy and unprofitable ground. The road northward from the long bridge of Wexford traverses the interior. The island of Erin-Beg, * Little Ireland,* in Wexford Harbour, belongs to the parish. A small part of the village of Castle-Bridge [which see], stands within the south-west corner. Length of the pari<^h, 2} miles; breadth, 1^; area, 2,232 acres. Pop., in 1831, 751 ; in 1841, 804. Houses 143. Pop. of the rural districts in 1841, 681. Houses 122. — This parish is a vicarage in the dio. of Ferns. The vicarial tithes are compounded for £54 lis. lid., and the rectorial for £71 4s. lOd.; and the latter are impropriate in Lord Portsmouth. Ardcollum vicarage is united with the impropriate curacies of Ardcavan. St. Nicholas, Srreen, and Ballyvaloo, the rectories of Astramont and St. Margaret's, and part of the vicarage of Tickillen [see these articles], to constitute the benefice of Ardcollum. Length, 7 miles ; breadth, 6. Gross income, £657 10s. ll^d. ; nett, £513 15s. Iljd. Patron, the diocesan. The church, situated in Ardcollum, was built in 1 766, at the cost of about £41 1 7s. d^d., more than half of which was a grant from the late Board of First Fruits. Sittings 180; attendance, about 100. Three Roman Catholic chapels, at Castle-Bridge, in Skreen, and in St Margaret's, are respectively attended by 1,000, from 1,000 to 1.100, and from 400 to 500, and have jointly two officiates. In ia34, the Protestants of the parish amounted to 75, and the Roman Catholics to 730; the Protestants of the union, 12 of whom were dissenters, amounted to 354, and the Roman Catholics to 4,914; two schools in the parish, one of which was aided with £20 from the incumbent, were attended by about 100 children ; and these, with 3 other daily schools in the union, had on their books 112 boys and 61 girls.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 121

Ardcroney church built 1824 with First Fruits grant

Ardcrony · townland · Tipperary · 1824

The church in Ardcroney parish, County Tipperary, was built in 1824 by means of a grant of over £738 from the late Board of First Fruits. It had 120 sittings with attendance of 50 to 60.

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ARDCRONEY. a parish in the barony of Lower Ormond, 3J miles south of Borris-o'-kaiie, co. Tipperary, Munster. It is bisected southward by the roa<l from Borris-o'-kane to Nenagh, and lies very nearly midway between these towns. The surface declines to the west, and is drained by rivulet-afllluentH of the Shannon, or rather of Lough Derg. The land is in general good, and covered with luxuriant crops and herbage. There are several pleasant mansions. Length of the parish, 5^ miles ; breadth, 3 ; area,6,4>9acres. Pop., in 1831, 1,975; in 1841. 1,571. Houses 271 — This parish is a vicarage and a separate benefice in the dio. of Killaloe. Vicarial tithe composition, £92 6s. Ijd. Gross income, £97 6s. IJd.; nett, £«7 I4s. lOd. Patron, the diocesan. The rectorial tithes, compounded for £205 Is. Ojd., are appropriated to the patron, and leased to T. White, Enq., of .Vliltown, Queen's county. The church was built in 1824. by means of a grant of £738 9s. 2 jd. from the late Board of First Fruits. Sittings 120 ; attendance, from 50 to GO. The Roman Catholic chapel is attended by about 800 ; and, jointly with Kilruane and Mo<lereney chapeN. is under the care •f two officiates. In 1834, the Protestants amount-
ed to 101, and the Roman Catholics to 1,668; and two schools, one of which was parochial, and salaried from subscription with £8 or £9, bad on their books 63 boys and 37 girls.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 121

Ardstraw parish landscapes & seats, Co. Tyrone

Ardstraw · townland · Tyrone

The parish of Ardstraw in County Tyrone contains Newtown-Stewart, Ardstraw, and Douglass Bridge villages, with diverse landscapes including mountains, lakes, and bogs. Principal seats include the noble mansion of Baron's-court, Castlemoyle (an ancient but respectable mansion), Woodbrook, Aldoghal, and Glennock Cottage.

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civil parish ; it includes a district in the barony of Omagh; and, in 1831, its pop. amounted to 21,212. Three considerable rivuleta drain the surface; and, becoming confluent, pass away in one stream to pay tribute to the Fovle. See Glenellt, Struell, Derg, Motle, and Mourne. The streams produce both trout and salmon. Three wooded and beauti* ful lakes adorn the demesne of Baron 's-court, and a fourth, called Creevy, and situated near Magherycrigan, is circular, and about a mile in circumference. The surface of the parish possesses such an aggregate of wood, so general a carpeting of verdure and cereal crop, and such a diversified and strongly-featured contour, as to be rich in the number and not poor in the character of ita landscapes. A mountain, called Douglass, shoots up on the north-east border ; tMro mountains, called Bessy Bell and Mary Grey, rise, the one immediately behind Newtown- Stewart, and the other about a mile to the east ; various minor heighta ' finely screen or tumulate the vales ; and a beautiful hill-range extends westward from Newtown-Stewart, crowned in the vicinity of the town with a picturesque old castle, and luxuriantly mantled in other places with groves of oak. Bessy Bell and Mary Grey are bare in the summit and russeted on the sides, but ^reen and arable round the skirta. How or when Inshmen imposed on these mountains names so thoroughly and nationally embalmed in the pathetic ballad associations of Scotland, cannot be ascertained ; but * canny* Scotamen may be pardoned for regarding the affair as one of the unaccountable freaks which distinguish the workings of Uibeniian humour. Antiquarian conjecture, aided by tradition, suggesta that pagan rites called 'Baase' were, in heathen times, performed on the summit of the westerly mountain to Bell, Beal, Apollo, or the Sun ; and that * Baase-Bell,' * the ceremonies of Bell,' was a sound which, subsequent to the celebrity of the Scottish ballad, easily glided into Bessy Bell, and suggested the counterpart of Mary Grey. Bogi, while numerous, are so equally dispersed as rather to serve for an acceptable supply of fuel, than to incumber and dispirit by a display of sterility. Mountains and bogs jointly occupy about one-third of the parochial area; and arable, pasture, and meadow grounds occupy the remainder, in the proportions to one another oi respectively 3, 2, and I. Excellent sandstone is quarried near Douglass Brid^, and sent to distant parts of the country. The pnncipal seat is the noble mansion of Baron's-coort : which see. Other seato are Castlemoyle, an ancient but respectable mansion ; Woodbrook, a neat modern house ; Aldoghal, on an upland site ; and Glennock Cottago, crowning a hill north of Newtown-Stewart, and commanding an exquisite view of the vale and hillscreens of the Struell. The parish is bisected by the mail-road from Dublin to Londonderry; and traversed by various other roads, the chief of whidi radiate from Newtown-Stewart The castle, alreadv alluded to, as surmounting a shoulder of the hillrange west of Newtown-Stewart, is an interesting object, and will be noticed in our account of that town. Two extinct castles, traditionally said to have been built by brothers of Henry O'Neil, a storied king of Ulster in the fifth century, stood, the one near the confluence of the Struell and the Glenelly, on a spot now occupied by a neat circular cottage ornee, and the other on an alluvial and river-girt plain, called the Holme, and used as the Newtown- Stewart parade and race-course. The disappearance of the latter has been ascribed to the propensity of castle-eating, or the vulgar practice of <|uarr}ing «u arehitectural antiquity tor the construction of a modern dwelling, on the i>art of the early inbabitonU uf the town. A suriiving ancient castle, situated op- K

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 122

Ardtrea parish landscape and Spring Hill mansion

Spring Hill · townland · Derry

Ardtrea parish extends along Lough Neagh and Lough Beg across a rich champaign expanse of meadow and cornfield. A high ridge running parallel to Lough Neagh shows chalk and reddish marl beneath basaltic debris, and Spring Hill is an old mansion in a well-wooded demesne.

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ARDTREA, or Artrea, a parish partly in the barony of Dungannon, cow Tyrone, but chiefly in that of Loughinshciin, co. Londonderry, Ulster. The Londonderry section contains part of the town of MoNETMORE : whicb see. Length, 14 miles ; breadth, 3 ; area, 20,963 acres, of which 2.526 acres are under water. Area of the Tyrone section, 2,284 acres; of the rural districts of the Londonderry section,. 18,648 acres. Pop. of the parish^ in 1831, 12,382 ; in 1841. 13,046. Houses 2,202. Pop. of the Tyrone section, in 1831, 1,391 ; in 1841, 1,519. Houses 273. Pop. of the rural districts of the Londonderry section, in 1831, 10,399; in 1841, 10.981. Houses 1,847. The parish extends along parts of Lough Neagh and Lough Beg, and along the short run of stream which connects them ; and is traversed eastward to them by various rivulets. Excepting^ interspersions of bog which, while blots upon a hce of beauty, subserve utility nearly as nuich as they detract from ornament, the whole surface is an opulent champaign expanse of the most luxuriant meadow and cornfield. The expanse, though low, and gliding softly down to the great and monotonoua inland sea of Lough Neagh, would be pronounced by natives of the flat districts of England surpasaingi V rich in landscape. The prevailing soil is a li^ht sandv earth, disposed in flbts, but ahemating with swells and undulations of strong wheat-bearing clayev loaok A comparatively high ridge running parallel to Lough Neagh, and not far from the western border, shows pleasing features over all ita leitfth, and is particidarly beautiful at Spring- Hill and opposite Moneymore. It is a stately terrace,, whose perpendicular section, viewed from the westward below, exhibits, under a very thin covering of basaltic debris, a pliuie of white chalk and redaiah marl, the latter intermixed with gritty and ai^gillaceous substances Other, though less noticeable, heights of similar formation, elsewhere diversify the sumu». Spring- Hill, the chief teat, is an old mansion, in a well-wooded demesne. The parish u traversed northward by the road from Armagh to Coleraine, and north-westward by that from Moneymore to Toome and Ahoghill ; and it maintains extensive communication through Lough Neagh and its veliu. — This parish is a rectorv, and a separate benefice, in the dio. of Armagh. Tithe composition, £738 9i. 2|d. Gross incooie, £896 Is. 2|d. ; nett, £7d2 10s. 9id. Patron, Trinity College, Dublin. Of 47 townlands comprehended in the parish, 16 constitute the perpetual curacy of Wooi>*8-Chapel: which tee. A curate is employed for the remaining division, at a stipend of £69 48. 7id. The statistics which

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 122

Ashford, Lord Oranmore's seat at Lough Corrib

Cong · town · Mayo

Ashford is described as a seat of Lord Oranmore in the parish of Cong, barony of Kilmain, County Mayo. It stands at the head of Lough Corrib in the vicinity of the town of Cong.

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ASUFORD, a seat of Lord Oranmore, in the parish of Cong, barony of Kilmain, co. Mayo, Connaught. It stands at the head of Lough Corrib, in the vicinity of the town of Cong.
ASHFORD, a hamlet in the parish of Killeedy, barony of Glenquin, co. Limenck, Munster. A Roman Catholic chapel here has an attendance of about 550. In 1840, the dispensary of Ashford and Broadford, under the Newcastle Poor-law union, received £147 6s., expended £158, had recommended to it 1,733 patients, and served for a district with about 7»000 inhabitants. Pop. returned with the parish.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 138

Attymass parish landscape of bog, mountain and lakes

Attymass · parish · Mayo

Attymass parish in Mayo is bounded by the river Moy on the west and the Ox mountains on the east, with a chilling predominance of bog, marsh, moor and unprofitable upland. One Ox mountain reaches 1,005 feet and three lakes cover 458 acres.

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ATTYM.\SS, or Altymass, a parish in the barony of Gallen, 3J miles north of Foxford, co. Mayo, Coimaught. Length, 6 miles ; breadth, 2 ; area, 11,154 acres. Pop., in 1831, 3,276; in 1841, 3,435. Houses 644. The surface has a northern exposure ; is bounded on the west by the river Moy ; on the ea«it by the Ox mountains; and exhibits a chilling predominance of bog, marsh, moor, and unprofitable upland. One of the Ox mountains on the ea<t has an altitu<le of 1,(X)5 feet; and three lakes in the west have aggregately an area of 4o8 acres. — This parish is a vicarage in the dio. of Killalla, and forms part of the benefice of Ardagii : which «ee. The vicarial tithes are compotnided for £9'J Ss. 2^d. ; the rectorial tithet,
jointly with those of Kilgarvin, for £231 2*. 7d. ; and the latter are impropriate, and belong to Sir William Palmer. The Roman Catholic chapel has an attendance of 727« and is served by one officiate. In 1834, the Protestants amounted to 34, and the Roman Catholics to 3,478 ; and 3 hedge-schools had on their books 153 boys and 100 girls. In 1840, the National Board granted £74 3s 4<1. toward the building and fitting up of a school at Trienclare.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 146

Ballinasloe as the great mart for sheep and black cattle

Ballinasloe · town · Galway

Ballinasloe is identified as the long-established primary market for the sale of Irish sheep and black cattle. The sales and prices at this location are used to strongly illustrate the overall condition of the country's grazing produce.

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Ballinasloe has for a long period been the great mart for the sale of Irish sheep and black cattle ; so that the two following tables of sales and prices there, strongly illustrate the condition of the grazing produce of the country : —
^ fiM»r.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 33

Ballycommon bog: extent and character

Ballycommon · townland · Offaly

Ballycommon bog covers about 2,834 English acres on the northern border of King's County, bounded by limestone gravel ridges and crossed by the Philipstown level of the Grand Canal. It averages 20 feet in depth, with black bog near the south end and fibrous red bog elsewhere.

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It is bounded on the north, east, and west, by steep ridges of limestone gravel, extending north -northwestward from the vicinity of Philipstown, by BallyinuUin and Lackin to Mountrath, and from thence in an opposite direction by Hracklin and Rathdown to Ballycomraon, between Ballymullen and Ballycoraraon, it is crossed by the Philipstown level of the Grand Canal ; and between the canal and Ballinafjar, it is bounded on the west by the high land ot Knock. Its area consists of 59 Irish acres of compact or black bog, where turf has been cut, and 1,691 Irish acres of fibrous red bog. The black or compact bog occurs near the south end, and is traversed by one of the head streams of the Philipstown river. The whole bog averages 20 feet in depth ; and, compared with other bogs, it may be considered, especially in its northern parts, as very wet. Its summit lies 22 feet above the summit-level of the Grand Canal, and 286 feet above the level of high water-mark in Dublin bay ; and its lowest point, which occurs near the Philipstown river opposite Philipstown, lies 20 feet below the summit-level of the Grand Canal, and 244 feet above the level of high water in Dublin bay. Estimated cost of reclamation, ^,5,089 12s. 7d.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 152

Ballycrenane castle and its families

Ballycrenane · townland · Cork

Ballycrenane castle, located at the east end of Ballycotton Bay in the barony of Imokilly, Co. Cork, was built by the Carews. It later became an old seat of the Tynte family before passing into the possession of the Waller family. Its architecture presents no feature of interest.

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BALLYCRENANE, an old castle at the ewt end of Ballycotton bay, barony of Imokilly, co. Cork, Monster. It was built by the Carews, became an old seat of the Tynte family, and afterwards passed into the possession of the family of Waller. Its architecture presents no feature of interest.
BALLYCROANE, or Balltchroan, a creek and a fishing-village at the north-west extremity of Quolagh or Coulagh bay, 4| miles east-north-east of Cod's Head, or of the south side of the entrance of the Kenmare river, barony of Bere, co. Cork, Munster. The village is on the estate of Robert Hedges Eyre, Esq. An artificial harbour on the creek, and contiguous to the village, consists of a landing (juay- 160 feet long, a jetty pier extending 52 feet from the quay, a boat slip, and a return to the end of the quay. The works were executed with the aid of a grant of £369 4s. 7d., in 1822. from the Fishery Bowd ; and, being found ill-built and insecure, tbey were afterwards improved at the cost of about £150, by being raised 18 inches, and properly eoped, filled, and paved. A considerable fishery on the coast is accommodated and promoted by the harbour. The creek afibrds good and safe shelter for small sloops.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 152

Ballygarth parish and its seats

Ballygarth · street · Meath · 1834

A coastal parish in Meath at the embouchure of the Nanny Water, with Ballygarth-house as the seat of Col. Pepper and Corballis as the seat of J. S. Taylor, Esq. One moiety of the land is good and the other is prime; in 1834 there was neither church, glebe-house, chapel, nor school.

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BALLYGARTH, a parish on the coast of the barony of Upper Duleek, co. Meath, 4 miles northwest by north of Balbriggan, Leinster. Length, 1| mile ; breadth, # of a mile ; area, 799 acres. Pop., in 1831,96; in 1841, 165. Houses20. One moiety of the land is good ; and the other moiety is prime. Ballygarth-house, a handsome mansion, is the seat of Col. Pepper; and adjacent to it is Corballis, the seat of J S. Taylor, Esq. The parish lies at the embouchure of Nanny Water Bally^arth is a rectory and separate benefice in the dio. of Bieatb. Tithe composition, £62. Gross income, £71 9s. ; nett, £66 15s. 8d. Patron, the Crown. The rector resides in Kind's co. ; and a curate resides in the contiguous parish of Julianstown. In 1834, the Protestants amounted to 42, and the Roman Catholics to 73; and there was neither church, glebehouse, chapel, nor school.
BALLYGARUFF, a hamlet in the parish of Templetogher, half-barony of Ballymoe, co. Galway, Connaught. Pop., in 1831, 72.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 152

Ballymacward church repaired with tower addition

Ballymacward · townland · Galway · 1831

The old church in the parish of Ballymacward, County Galway, of unknown date of construction, was re-roofed, re-pewed, fitted with a tower, and thoroughly repaired about 1831 through vestry assessments.

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in the dio. of Clonfert. Tithe composition, £207 13s. lO^d. Part of the rectorial tithes, compounded for £72, are appropriated to the bishop and the dean of Clonfert. Ballymacward benefice comprehende the two parishes of Ballymacward and ClonkeeD.. See Clonkee:? . Length, 6 miles ; breailth, 5k Popi.». in 1831, 0.783. Gross income. £267 ISs. lO^d.; nett, £246 2s. 5jd. Patron, the diocesan. The church is an old structure, built nobody can tell when or at what cost; and, about 15 years ago^ it was new-roofed, new pewed, ornamented with e. tower, and thoroughly repaired, by means of vestry assessments. Sittings 1^; attendance 40; Two Roman Catholic chapels within the benefice are parochially united; and that in Ballymacward haa en attendance of 2, 400. In 1834, the Protestants of both the parish and the union amounted to 123, the Raman Catholics of the parish to 5,247, and the Roouui
BAL

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 152

Ballymagarvey demesne and Balrath hamlet

Ballymagarvey · townland · Meath

Ballymagarvey parish in co. Meath features a small but well-situated demesne, and near it the hamlet of Balrath at a crossroads on the Dublin-to-Slane road. The landscape is enhanced by neat villas at Balrath, Snugborough, and Mullaghfin, and by the plantations and handsome seat of Sir William Somerville.

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BALLYMAGARVEY, a parish, formerlv in the barony of Upper Duleek, but now in that of Lower Duleek, 6 miles south of Slane, co. Meath, Leinster. Area, 915 acres. Pop , in Ia31, 132 ; in 1841, 104. Houses 14. But the ecclesiastical parish is much more extensive. Area, 2,267f acres. Pop , in 1831, 401. The surface is drained eastward by one of the head-streams of Nanny Water, and traversed northward by the road from Dublin to Slane and Londonderry ; and it partakes of the general luxuriance of the baronies of Duleek. The demesne of Ballymagarvey is small but well situated. Adjacent to it on the east, at the intersection of a cro»s-road with the main line of thoroughfare, is the hamlet of Balrath, the site of a post-ofBce. The neat villas of Balrath, Snugborough, and Mullaghfin ; and, above all, the plantations, demesne, and handsome seat of Sir NVillium Somerville, Bart., in the vicinity of the hamlet, are pleasing features in the landscape. The last, however, is qmnnl civilia in Kentstown, and the
others in a detached district of Piercetown This

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 152

Ballyshannon harbour's canal potential

Ballyshannon · town · Donegal

Ballyshannon harbour, on the south side of Donegal Bay, is estuarial with small capacity and limited depth. With a canal or railway to Lower Lough Erne, it could become a marine outlet for all the internal navigations of the west and north-west of Ireland.

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are Clew bay at Wegtport, Galway bay at Oolway, the estuary of the Shannon, and the bay of Dublin. The outer part of Sligo bay measures 7 miles across the entrance, and though capacious is very much exposed ; the two inner parts, called Ardnaglass Harbour and Drumcliffe bay, are large and sheltered but very shallow ; and the central inner part, constituting Sligo Harbour proper, is furnished outside of the bar with a pier which, though of rather troublesome access, possesses very important adaptation to an already considerable and a prospectiyely great trade. Ballyshannon and Donegal harbours, at respectively the south side and the head of Donegal bay, are estuarial and of small capacity and not much depth ; yet both are valuable ; and the former, in particular, might, with the help of a canal or a railway to Lower Lough Erne, become a marine outlet to all the internal navigations of the west and north-west of Ireland. The principal inlets on the north side of Donegal bay are Inver bay, MacSwine*s bay, Killybegs Harbour, and Fintragh bay ; and the third of these — Killybegs Harbour — though narrow in the entrance, has a wellsheltered anchorage in from 6 to 8 £Eithoms of water, and can accommodate vessels of any burden. Donegal bay itself, apart from the inlets upon its shores, is a mere miniature gulf^ quite open to the west, and often tossed into tremendous tumult by gales firom the Atlantic. The larger bays and estuaries between Teelin Head and Horn Head, are Loughrusb^ and Loughrusmore south of Dawras Head, Guibarra bay north of Dawras Head, Innisfere and Guidore bays several miles south of Bloody Foreland, and Ballyness bay several miles east of Bloody Foreland ; and the smaller bays and harbours of noticeable character are Malin bay between Teelin Head and Rossan Point, Glen bay immediately north of Rossan Point, Dawras bay between Loughrusmore and Dawras Head, Trawenagh bay an arm of Guibarra bay, Maghery bay north of Trawenagh, Donglo Harbour north-east of Maghery bay, Rutland Harbour between Rutland Island and the mainland, and Ourran's Port between Bloody Foreland and Ballyness bay ; but— estimating the two classes jointly — some of the bays are destitute of shelter, others are shallow, intricate, and foul, others afford good shelter and accommodation to fishing craft, and only one or two are fit for the uses of coasting vessels. The tidal current between Bloody Foreland and Horn Head a little to seaward, or through the sound between Tory Island and the mainland, runs at the rate of 2 knots in spring tides, and three-fourths of a mile in neap tides. Sheephaven, immediately east of the Horn Head peninsula, measures 4^ miles across the entrance, penetrates the land 8^ miles southward, sends off a small ramification to the town of Dunfiemaghy, and, though exposed over the greater part of its surface, is hindered from subordination to extensive trade only by the remoteness and poverty of the upland country which surrounds it. Mulroy bay sinuously penetrates the land in a prevailingly southern direction to the extent of 14 miles, but has an extreme breadth of 3^ miles, and is aggregately shallow, intricate, and unsuited to general navigation. Lough Swilly measures 4^ miles across the entrance, penetrates the land 25^ miles southward, contains some excellent interior harbours, possesses perfectly safe anchoring ground for the largest man-of-war, is capable of sheltering and accommodating half the fleets of Europe, and boasts a series of highly diversified and strongly picturesque shores ; yet it is frequented by comparatively very few trading vessels, and is shamefully little known either to merchants or to men of taste. Strathbreaga bay, which washes the south-west side of the peninsula of Malin, is a shallow and intricate inlet, pf no value whatever to navigation. From Horn Head east-north-eastward to MaUn Head, the true stream of tide sets along a line at the mean distance of about 4^ miles from the intervening headlands, six hours each way ; but within side of the line, the stream turns at half-flood to the west, and at half-ebb to the east.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 7

Bandon's six-arch bridge across the river

Bandon · town · Cork

A bridge of six arches crosses the river at Bandon, one of several public buildings noted in the town. The bridge served as a reference point for the ancient borough limits, which extended only about 400–500 yards from it.

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of the town are still standing, and serve as the parochial places of worship. That on the north side* is the more important of the two, bears the name of Christ's church, and was built in the cruciform- manner, with strong oaken roof, but has often been altered and repaired. Dr. Smith notices, in the Ballymodan or south church, ** a fine monument to the memory of Francis Bernard, Esq., one of the justices of the court of common pleas. On the right is a Minerva recluiing on her sgis ; and on the left is Justice, leaning on her arm, her sword in her hand. Over an obelisk of fine Egyptian marble, is a coat of arms, viz^ three escalop shells on a bend." The third place of worship, incidentally noticed as belonging to the Establishment, is, or in 1837 was, merely a Bchoolhouse. The dispensary and the Roman Catholic chapels, the market-houses, the barrack, the workhouse, the bridge of 6 arches across the river, and the other public buildings, present nothing remarkable in either history or construction.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 159

Bangor Castle seat of the Earl of Bangor

near Bangor · town · Down

Bangor Castle, contiguous to the town of Bangor, was the seat of the Earl of Bangor, who was the proprietor of the town. The richly wooded demesne of the castle bordered two streets and provided embellishment to the area.

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BANGOR, a parish, partly in the barony of Lower Castlereagh, but chiefly in that of Ardes, co. Down, Ulster. The Castlereagh section contains the village of Crawfordsbdrn; and the Ardes section contains the town of Bangor, and the villages of Conlio and Groom«port: see these articles. Length, 6 miles; breadth, 4. Area of the whole, 17,027 acres; of the rural districts of the Castlereagh section, 4,057 acres ; of the rural districts of the Ardes section, 12.646 acres. Pop. of the whole, in 1831, 0,355; in J841, 10,060. Houses 1,748. Pop., in 1831, of the Castlereagh section, 1,^20; of the rural districts of the Ardes sectidn, 4,508. Pop., in 1841, «f the rural districts of the Castlereagh section, 1 ,418 ; of the rural districts ef the Ardes section, 4<48I. Houses, in 1841, of the rural districts of the two sections, respectively 245 and 757. The parochial limits include the Copeland Islands : which see. The whole parish, excepting the islands, extends along the south shore of Belfast Lough, from near the south headland at its entrance, to a point about 3^ miles west of the town. The surface is agreeably variegated, well-cultivated, and opulently embellished ; and consists of land very various in quality, but all, or almost all, profitable. The great bog ef Cotton and Granshaw, comprising 1,000 acres, lies within the manor of Bangor, and was begun to be veckimed and improved in 1743. The streams are mere rills or short rivulets, all running northward to the Lough ; and the largest of them is only 4 miles in length, flows along the boundary between Ardes and Castlereagh, and enters the Lough at the wefft •kirt of the town. The lacu^rine water-area lies all in Castlereagh, and amounts ta only 22 acres, 2 roods, 35 perches. The coast, eastward of the town, and particularly around the village of Groomsport, is rocky. A lead mine was formerly worked by the Mining Companjr ef Ireland. Adjoinmg Crawibrdsburn village, 2^ miles west of Banger, and close to the shore near the Grey Rocks, is the beautifully lituated mansion of Crawfordsburn, the seat of Sharman Crawford, Esq. ; a mile south of this is Ballyleidy, the seat ef Lord Dufferin ; near Ballyleidy, is Rathgail House, the seat of J. R. Cleland, Esq.; contiguous to Bangor is Bangor-castle, the seat of •the Earl of Bangor, the proprietor of the town; and about a mile south of this is Ballow, the seat of W. S. Nicholson, Esq. The other seats are Portavoe *nd Springhill. A iiill near the town commands a charming view of the water and coasts of Belfast Lough, and of part of the baronies of Ardes and Castlereagh — This parish is a perpetual impropriate curacy, and a separate benefice, in the dio. of Down. Salary from the lay rectors, £55 8s. 8d. ; glebe, .£a5. Gross income, £95 Ss. 8d. ; nett, jf91 Us. 8d. Patrons, the Earl of Bangor, and Robert Ward, Esq. All the townlands except two are tithe freei and the tithes of these two are compounded for £52 6s. 9d., and are impropriate in the patrons. The dHirch was built in 1833, at the cost of £950 10s. Ud.4 of which jb'200 was contributed by Lord Dufferin, £271 10:». by Col. John Ward, £50 each bv Lord Banger, Edward Ward, Esq., and S. Crawford, Esq., and £154 14^, 9d. by parochial assessment. Sittings 500; attendance, from 200 to 800. Two Presbyterian meeting-houses are attended respectively by from 600 to 1<000, aad by 400; and a Methodist chapel is attended by from 100 to 200. In 1834, the parishioners consisted of 757 Churchmen. 8,182 Presbyterians, 113 other Protestant dissenters, and 250 Roman Catholics; 11 Sunday schools were numerously attended; and 18 daily

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 161

Belfast–Armagh railway open to Lurgan by 1841

near Lurgan · town · Armagh · 1841

A railway line from Belfast to Armagh was sanctioned by parliament before the railway commissioners' appointment. By the close of 1841, the line was open from Belfast as far as Lurgan in County Armagh.

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Communications.'] — The roads of the county are in general good and well kept; and they are so abundantly, minutely, and intncately ramified as to be describable only by means of a road map. One principal line runs parallel with the Newry canal, and forks toward Lurgan and Portadown; good roads connect all the towns and large villages ; and principal roads radiate from Armagh toward Dungannon, Moy, Lurgan, Tanderagee, Acton, Newry, Dundalk, Castleblaney, Keady, and Tynan, and pass away, in most instances, to large towns or sea- ports at a distance. Water-communication is maintained with Belfast and its bay through the Bann and the Lagan navigation; witn Newry town and Carling. ford bay, by the Newry navigation ; with Enniskillen and all the ramifications of Lough Erne, by the Ulster canal; and with part of Tyrone, and the interior shores of Londonderry and Antrim, by the far-spreading expanse of Lough Neagh. — The railway Commissioners projected a line of railway to -xmnect Armagh and Dublin, and were anticipated by joint-stock companies or private parties in the projection and survey of other lines traversing or immediately aifectiiig the county. A line from Belfast to Armagh was sanctioned by parliament previous to the Commissioners' appointment ; and, at the close of 1841, it was open from Belfast to Lurgan. A line was surveyed to deflect from the former at Portadown, run parallel to the Newry canal, and join at Newry a coast-line tbence by Dundalk to the northern terminus of the Dublin and Drogheda railway. Another line, quite independent of thb, was surveyed to connect Armagh with Dublin by way of Castleblaney and Ardee, and across the Boyne nearly midway between Drogbeda and Navan. A line was surveyed also to run northward from Armagh, and connect it along the western shore of Lough Neagh, and by way of Coleraine. with Portrush on the north coast of Antrim. The Commissioners' own line passes through the towns of Navan in Meath, and Carrickmacross and Castleblaney on the east border of Monaghan, and sends off, at the first of these, a branch toward Enniskiilen. The Commissioners calculate that, including intermediate stages, the number of passengers daily, in one direction, on the Armagh and Dublin line, will be 7,481 ; and on the Armagh and Belfast line, 4,213.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 130

Bog of Allen described as a dismal chaos

near Bog of Allen · bog · Kildare

The great district known as the Bog of Allen is depicted as a dismal level of brown bog and a horrible chaos of peat and morass, occasionally relieved by wood and flat arable land.

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The low or champaign country of Ireland can, to a very small extent, be regarded as a series of ▼alleys like the low surface of England, and still less as an alternation of vales with hiUs as in the low grounds of Sootloid ; but on the contrary, is for the most part either such an expanse of apparently dead level, or such a sheet of fitful undulations, or such a labyrinth of diluvial hills and winding hollows, that the stranger who scans it with the most practised eye is rarely able to conjecture the direction of any one prevailing declination. A very large proportion of the low country of Ulster, particularly in Down and Armagh, is such a continuous, vast, and mazy series of low, curved, fertile hills, cut into individual isolation by sinuous dells and dingles and mimic vales, that a Briton who travels among them during only a few hours begins to feel bewilderment with their close scenes of beauty ; a considerable proportion of the entire low grounds of the kingdom, particularly the corcasses of Clare and Limerick, " the golden vale " in Limerigk and Tipperary, and the great grazing district of Dublin and Meath, present the appearance of the most luxuriant steppe or prairie, cut into small sections and sprinkled with human dwellings ; another considerable or even large proportion, as the great district called the Bog of Allen, is a dismal level of brown bog, a horrible chaos of peat and morass, occasionally broken and relieved by edgings of wood and intervening tracts of fiat arable land ; another considerable proportion, as most of the county of Longford and of the great plain of Connaught, combines the characters or interweaves the texture of the grazing fiats and the level bogs ; a smaller proportion, as the remainder of the plain of Connaught and a part of the north of Clare, is a verdant plain profusely encumbered with enormous blocks of naked rock, and forming the '^ Arabia Pctrea" of Ireland; another smaller proportion, or most of the county of Cavan, presents a prevailingly low surface, broken and marred with the tilting up and the cropping out of rock, just as if it had in some degree been shaken and disturbed by an earthquake ; and multitudes of pendicles and tiny districts dispersed throughout the greater part of the otherwise level country, are sheets of horizontal strata lying upon horizontal carboniferous limestone, and tumulated with hillocky accumulations of limestone diluvium. ''The peculiar flatness of the interior of Ireland," observes Mr. GriflSth, ''has been the probable cause of those vast accumulations of alluvial matter, composed of clay and limestone gravel, which, in the form of low but steep ridges of hill, occur so abundantly throughout the middle districts, and which are generally known by the name of Eskcrs. These ridges of limestone gravel probably cfiginated at a period when the country was either wholly or partially submerged, from eddies formed by undulations in the surface. That the surface of the country was exposed to the action of rapid currents of water, is evidenced by the deep parallel scratches, sometimes amounting to lurrows, which may be frequently observed on the surface of solid rocks, when the diluvial soil has been removed. It is probable, also, that the gravel hills were rapidly deposited from water in violent action, from their frequently consisting of an intermixture of large masses of rock partially rounded, with small gravel, and even with clay and sand, The origin of those immense tracts of bog which are everywhere spread over the interior of the fiat country may also be attributed to the stagnant water pent up, as we now find it, above the level of the dry country, by gravel hills which form a continuous ridge, though not of equal height, round the bog edge,* Thus we find Eskers surrounding the several divisions of the great Bog of Allen, and the whole of the bogs contained in the valleys of the rivers 8hannon, Suck, Brusna, Camlin, Inny, and the Barrow, and of its several tributary streams. In many parts of Ireland, the study of the gravel hills becomes highly interesting and instructive, as throwing a light on the direction of the current of the waters. Thus in the county of Mayo, to the eastward of the town of Westport, the whole of the numerous gravel hills with which the country is studded are extremely narrow in a north and south direction, and very long in an east and west direction, having bluff fietces at the eastern extremity, and deep and lengthened valleys between them. This fact shows that, in this place, the direction of the current was westward towards Clew bay ; and it may be remarked that the whole of the limertone gravel islands in that bay partake of the appearance and character of inland gravel hills. In the northern part of the county of Mayo, near to Lough Conn and Killalla bay, the direction of the gravel hills is north and south, having their bluff heads to the south ; hence it msj be argued, that in the >'icinity this current took a northerly course."

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 13

Church built at Annagh parish near Tralee in 1818

Blennerville · electoral division · Kerry · 1818

The church in the parish of Annagh (also called Blennerville), County Kerry, was built in 1818 with a gift from the late Board of First Fruits. The parish extends along the southern shore of Tralee Bay and is traversed by the post-road from Tralee to Dingle.

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'i'his parish is a rectory in the dio. of Ardfert and Aghadoe ; and forms part of the benefice of Bal- 11NAHAGLI8H: which scc. Tithe composition, £332 6s. Id. The church u'as built in 1818, by means of a gift of £830 15s. 4id. from the late Board of First Fruits. Sittings 250; attendance 180. The Roman Catholic chapel has an attendance of 700, and is served by two officiates, who serve also the chapels of Tralee and Ratass. In 1834, the Protestants amounted to 256, and the Roman Catholics io 3,184; and three free-schools had on their books 170 boys and 110 girls. One of the schools was supported from Erasmus Smith's fund; two were supported by the Roman Catholic clergyman ; and another free-school, temporarily suspended, was under the superintendence of the resident Protestant clergyman. In 1840, the National Board salaried a boys' school and a girls' school at Blennerville, with respectively £13 10s. and £8.
ANNAGH, a parish partly in the barony of Lower Loughtee, and partly in that of Tullaghgarvey, CO. Cavan, Ulster. The Tullaghgarvey section €oi\taiu:i the village of Redbill, uuil the Loughtee

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Cistercian abbey at Abbeyshruel founded by O'Terrall

Abbeyshrule · townland · Longford

A Cistercian abbey is said to have been founded at Abbeyshruel by O'Terrall, but even its date and history are unknown. The parish is watered by the river Inny and enjoys communication by the Royal canal westward to the Shannon and eastward to Dublin.

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ABBEYSHRUEL, a parish in the banmj of Abbeyshruel, 4^ miles north-east of Ballvmaiion^ CO. Longford, Leinster. Length, 3 miles ; breadth, U mile; area, 2,340 acres. Pop., in 1831, 1,236; in 1841, 1,283. Houses 217. The land is, in general, of a good quality ; and is watered by the river Inn^. The parishioners enjoy the advantages of comnuuiication by the Royal canal westward to the Shannon, and eastward to Dublin. A jfair is hM on the first Wednesday after Trinity Sunday. A Cistertian abbey is said to have been founded at Abbeyshruel b^ OTerrall ; but even its date, and much more ita history, are unknown. — This parish is a rectory in the dio. of Ardagh, and is united with Tashinny, to form the benefice of Tashinnt. [See that article.] The tithes are compounded for £87 ISs. lOd. Two day-schools, the one for boys and the other for girls, are aided with respectively £12 and £8 from Lady Rosse, and with each £4 from the Ardagh societjr ; and these, together with a hedge-school, had, in 1834, an average attendance of 87. The population of the small village of Abbeyshruel, on the eastern
ABB

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Connemara mountains between Lough Corrib and the sea

near Connemara · locality · Galway

The Connemara mountains occupy the greater part of the area between Lough Corrib, the sea, Galway Bay, and Killary Harbour. Their highest peaks include Benbawn, Bencorr, and the Devil's Mother, with the remotest summit situated 20.5 miles from the coast.

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The western mountains of Clare, or those situated between the valley of the Fergus and the Atlantic, and in the baronies of Corcomroe and Burren, include a few considerable summits, but consist for the most part of simply the higher grounds of a sort of moorish tableau ; they are, in no instance, farther than 16^ miles from the sea ; and their principal summits are a height of 554 feet in the parish of Eilmichael, a height of 700 in Eilmurry, Enocknaboley 701, a height of 425 in Eildysert, two heights of 500 and 699 in Clondagad, two heights of 669 and 672 in Eilmaley, Slievecallan 1,282, two heights of 661 and 843 in Eilfarboy, two heights of 487 and 493 in Inagh, a height of 485 in Eilmanaheen, a height of 510 in Eilmacrehy, Slievebeg 525, two heights of 635 and 920 in Rathbomey, the Slieve-Elva mountains 1,134, 1,109, and 1,004, two heights of 562 and 678 in Eillilagh, Turlough Hill 945, Cappanavalla 1,023, a height of 821 in Eillonaghan, two heights of 1,044 and 647 in Gleninagh, Moneen mountain 862, and a height of 1,008 in Oughtmana. The Sliove-Bamagh mountains, or south-eastern mountains of Clare, are a wholly interior congeries, at the distance of from 30 to 40 miles from the sea, and situated between the Ougamee and the Shannon ; and their principal summits are two heights of 566 and 1,010 in the parish of Eilfinaghta, Enockaphunta 843, a height of 1,018 in Eilseily, Enockglass 541, Cragnamurragh 1,729, Glennagalliagh in Eillokennedy 1,458, Glennagalliagh in Eillaloe 1,746, Enocknalecka 818, a height of 1,019 in Ogonelloe, and a height of 1,353 in Eillaloe. The Slieve-Baughta Mountains are separated from the preceding congeries only by the valley of Scarriff; they extend about 17 miles north-north-eastward, so as to form a screen to the greater part of Lough Derg ; they are situated at the distance of from 12 to 24^ miles from the head of Qalway bay ; and their principal summits are two heights of 829 and 990 in the parish of Inchicronan, four heights of 1,064, 533, 755, and 308 in Tullagh, five heights of 1,312, 448, 569, 724, and 992 in Feakle, three heights of 765, 1,126, and 1,028 in Moynoe, a height of 944 in Tomgraney, a height of 977 in Eilthomas, three heights of 1,060, 1,207, and 799 in Eilleenadeema, the Scalp 1,074, three heights of 692, 602, and 562 in Ballinakill, a height of 655 in Inniscalthra, and a height of 407 in Eilbeaconty. The Cunnemara mountains occupy the greater part of the area between Lough Corrib and the sea, and between Galway bay and Eillery Harbour ; their remotest summit is 20^ miles distant from the sea ; their principal summits within the barony of MoycuUen, or in the south, are Booroughauu Hill 541 feet, Eeeraun-Duff Hill 420, Enockaunanilra 627, two heights of 737 and 1,138 in the parish of Eilcommon, and a height of 633 in Eillanin; the principal summits on the mutual boundary of the baronies of Ross and Ballinahinch are four of 2,128, 2,307, 2,193, and 1,536 feet ; the principal summits within the barony of Ross, or in the north-east, are Bunnocuneen 1,902, Devil's Mother 2,131, five heights of 1,370, 1,230, 2,218, 2,052, and 1,383 in the parish of Ross, and a height of 1,697 in the parish of Ballinrobe ; and the principal summits within the barony of Ballinahinch, or in the centre and the north-west, are Bencullagh 2,084, Benbawn 2,395, Bencorr 2,336, Benlettery 1,904, Garraun 1,973, a height of 1,172 in the parish of Ballinakill, a height of 700 in Oraey, and five heights of 987, 428, 1,024, 1,164, and 741 in Moyrus. The southern mountains of Mayo, or those of Murrisk and Slieve-Partree, are partly situated between Eillery Harbour and Clew bay, and extend 21 miles eastward from the Atlantic ; and their principal summits are Benbury 2,610 feet, Muikea 2,682, Bengorm 2,224, BengorriflT 2,039, Farmnamore 2,210, a height 3 miles north-east of Farmnamore 1,694, Toneysall 1,270, Slieve-Bohaun 1,294, Curveigh 704, Slieve-Mahanagh 785, Bohen 723, Oughty 1,104, Croaghpatrick 2,510, Enockfoda 957, Enockakishaun 1,286, and Corvockbrack 1,287. The north-western mountains of Mayo are bounded on the south by Clew bay, and on the east by Lough Conn and the lower valley of the Moy ; they occupy a space of nearly 26 miles by 28, yet are in no instance further than 14 miles from either the open ocean or some great inlet of it ; and their principal summits are Enockletteragh 1,509 fieet, a height 2| miles south of Enockletteragh 1,766, Benmore 791, Slieveglory 937, Enocknatintree 1,646, Cushcancurragh 2,262, Slieveturk 1,322, Nephinbeg 2,012, Slievealp 1,084, Slievecar 2,368, Croghan 802, Enocklettercass 1,208, Buckogh 1,922, Berreencorrough 2,295, Laplagh 462, Enockmore 1,259, Spinkanilra 1,290, a height 3 miles north-east of Spinkanilra 1,655, a height 2 miles north-north-east of Spinkanilra 420, Nephin 2,646, Enockshandrim 430, Trista Hill 430, Slievemore 439, Glenoastle Hill 760, Gortmore 790, Enocknalower 613, Cubbin 876, Garraphuill 891, a height 5 miles north-east of Garraphuill 1,092, Clinsk 1,002, Tannymore 1,117, Glencolry 1,155, Maumakeogh 1,243, Eeadochmeel 776, Enocknadurave 667, a height 3 miles south of Enocknadurave 661, Aughaleague 786, and Enockbohe 472. Slievecama, an isolated height, 20 miles due east of the middle of the head of Clew bay, has an altitude of 855 feet. A small interior range commences 10]^ miles east-north-east of Slievecama, extends 12^ miles east by northward to the vicinity of Lough Cara, is situated at the mean distance of 23 miles from the northigcoast, and has

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 18

Dublin Bay's beauty and Kingstown harbour

near Dublin Bay · bay · Dublin

Dublin Bay is famous for the exquisite beauty of its shores and dazzling seaboard, penetrating the land 7 miles westward. Though highly barred and troublesome at the head, it possesses the fine artificial harbour of Kingstown on its south side.

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Dublin bay — famous for the exquisite beauty of its shores and the dazzling brilliance of its seaboard — penetrates the land 7 miles westward, has ordinary tides of 9 feet, and spring tides of 13 feet ; and, though highly barred and of troublesome navigation at the head, possesses on its south side the fine artificial harbour of Kingstown. The principal harbours between Dublin bay and Wexford Harbour, are those of Wicklow and Arklow ; but the latter is bad, the former is indifferent, and every minor one is subordinated at best to the precarious accommodation of fishing craft. Off the middle of the coast of Wicklow, the tidal stream sets fr^m north to northeast, and spring and neap tides rise respectively 12 and 7 feet ; 10 miles off Cahore Point, the stream sets north by east half-east, and spring and neap tides rise respectively 14 and 7 feet, and 15 miles off the entrance of Wexford Harbour, the stream sets north-north-east, and spring tides rise 13 feet. Wexford Harbour, though narrow at the entrance, penetrates the land 6j miles westward, and expands interiorly to an extreme breadth of 8 miles ; but it has a bar at the mouth, and is everywhere shallow, and encumbered with shifting sands. At 20 miles south-east of Camsore Point, the stream sets north-north-east half-east, and spring and neap tides rise respectively 17 and 9 feet ; and at 8 miles south-south-east of Camsore Point, the stream sets north-east by north to east, and spring and neap tides rise respectively 14 and 6^ feet. Tacumshane Lough, immediately west of Camsore Point, and the waters of Ballyteigue and other bays between Crossfemogue Point and Hook Head, are so shallow that they can scarcely boast the dignity of even very minor havens. Waterford Harbour enters between co. Wexford and co. Waterford, attains an extreme interior breadth of 3^ miles, extends 11^ miles northward to the confluence of the Suir and the Barrow, and 4^ miles farther up the Suir to the city of Waterford ; and, besides connecting the valuable navigation of the Barrow and the Suir with the ocean, it is so deep as to carry vessels of IKX) tons up to the city, and also possesses on its west side and near its entrance the pretty and convenient mail-packet station of Dunmore. Alland's bay, between Swiney Head and Brownstown Head, is a mere open sweep, walled round with bluff shores. The tidal current, 4^ miles south of the entrance of this bay, runs at the rate of three miles in the hour. Tramore bay, immediately west of Brownstown Head, penetrates the land to the extent of 2 miles ; but it is quite open, — ^it has foul and rocky ground, — it is swept by a very rapid tidal current, — it becomes trembling and tempestuous in any wind between the south-south-east and the west-south-west ; and, being often mistsken in hazy weather for the entrance to Waterford Harbour, it is one of the most dangerous pieces of water within the whole circle of the Irish coast. The chief marine indentations between Tramore bay and Dungarvan Harbour, are Bonmahon bay, Ballydowan bay, Blind Cove, and donea bay; but all are unsheltered, and of comparatively small value. Dungarvan Harbour BMasures 6 miles across the entrance, and penetrates the land to the extent of 5 miles ; but it is all shallow, principally dry at low water, and not deeper at the town than 9 feet in spring tides. Hhe principal marine indentations between Dungarvan bay and the estuary of the Blackwater, are Moggort's bay, Ardmore bay, and Whiting bay ; but, in a general view, they are small, open, wmd iroD-bovBd. The estuary of the Blackwater or Youghal Harbour, suddenly contracts from 4

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 7

Four round towers of Antrim at Antrim, Trummery, Armoy, and Ram's Island

near Antrim · town · Antrim

County Antrim contains four round towers, situated at Antrim, Trummery, Armoy, and on Ram's Island, representing significant early ecclesiastical antiquities.

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History and Aniiquities.'] — The ancient or uncorrupted name of Antrim is Andruim or Endruim, 'the habitation upon the waters;' a name which probably refers to one locality, whence a designation was diffused over the whole county, yet which has been thought expressive of the county's nearly insulated position. The early history of the district is strictly that of the kingdom of Dalriada [which see] ; and the later history is so unconsecutive, or so generally identified with the towns and strengths, that it must be narrated piecemeal in our notice of celebrated localities. Cairns, cromlechs, pillar-stones, ratbs, and earthen mounds, all strictly similar to those which prevail from Belfast Lough to Meath, abound along the whole coast, and occur somewhat numerously even in the interior. The most remarkable of the cairns — all of which are rude, and indicate the work of quite a barbarous people — are one on Colin mountain, 3 miles north of Lisbum, one on Slieve True, west of Carrickfergus, and two on Colinward. The chief cromlechs are one near Cairngrainey, one near Ballintoy, and one at the north end of Island Magee. Raths and mounds are so plentiful that no fewer than 237 have been enumerated in the two parishes of Killead and Bf uckamore ; and they are so featureless that only 7, situated at respectively Dunethery, Dundermot, Dunmacalter, Dunmaul, Cushendall, Camlent, and Ballykennedy, may be named as in any respect interesting specimens. Archdall enumerates 48 monastic estalvliihments in Antrim, but says that 20 of them had ceased to be known. The onl^ ones which now figure in either ruin or history will be noticed in the articles on Carrickfergus, Woodburn, Glenarm, Kells, Massarene, Muckamore, Whiteabbey, Killead, Rathlin, Ballycastle, and Glynn. The round towers of the county, 4 in number, are situated at Antrim, at Trummery, at Armoy, and in Ram*8 Island. The chief deserted or ruinous military castles are those of Carrickfergus, Olderfleet or Lame, Dunluce, Dunseveric. Red bay, and Cushendall; and the only modernized and inhabited ones are Shane's castle and Castle-Upton. All these antiquities, as well as any others which deserve notice, will figure in the articles on their respective localities.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 120

Glendalough lakes and architectural ruins

Glendalough · electoral division · Wicklow

The lakes of Glendalough near the centre of County Wicklow are noticeable not strictly on their own account, but in association with the many and singular architectural ruins of their small and savagely wild glen.

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Loogh Melvin, on the mutual borders of counties Leitrim and Fermanagh, is partly overhung by the Dartry mountains, and partly bounded by low, rocky, moorish grounds ; and, with the aid of a few wooded islets, it presents, on the whole, an agreeable appearance. Loughs Macnean, Upper and Lower, on the mutual borders of counties Leitrim, Cavan, and Fermanagh, are wild sheets of water, cradled amidst a region of brilliant highland scenery. Lough Oughter, in oo. Gavan, and in the channel or river-course of the Upper Erne, is a singularly intricate and almost labyrinthine intermixture of water with bold headlands, deep, projecting, wooded peninsulas, and large fertile islands. Lough Key, in the north of co. Roscommon, and in the river-course of the Boyle, is a luscious sheet of water, gemmed with beautiful islands, and zoned with fertile and ornate grounds. Lough Gara, on the mutual borders of counties Roscommon, Mayo, and Sligo, has a singulariy beautiful outline, and possesses some extent of interesting shore, yet fails to produce a generally pleasing effect. Lough Arrow, partly on the boundary between Roscommon and Sligo, but chiefly within the latter county, is studded with some beautiful islands, and surrounded with not uninteresting shores. Lough Gill, partly on the mutual border of Leitrim and Sligo, but chiefly within the latter county, has some charming islands, is surrounded by bold and singularly varied mountain ranges, and has been pronounced inferior in scenery only to the lakes of Killamey. Lough Dereveragh, in co. Westmeath, is a beautiful and comparatively large sheet of water. Lough Owhel, a little south of Lough Dereveragh, is a limpid lake, fed by internal springs, and affording to the Royal Canal its main supply of water. Lough Iron, in co. West* meath, and a little north-west of Lough Owhel, has, in general, flat and boggy shores. Lough Eonel, in oo. Westmeath, and south of Lough Owhel, is languishingly beautiful Lough Sheelin, on the mutual border of counties Meath, Westmeath, and Cavan, but chiefly within the last of these counties, is a beautiful though only third-rate expanse of water, greatly adorned on its north shores by recent georgic and park improvements. Lough Ganny, Gaiinagh, or Gouna, on the mutual border of counties Longford and Cavan, forms the young Erne by its superfluent waters, and has been pronounced the most beautiful of the Leinster lakes. Lough Ramor, in the southeast of 00. Cavan, is beautified with several wooded islets, and has considerably varied shores. The CootehiH lakes, on the mutual border of counties Cavan and Monaghan, are replete with luscious beanty, and completely screened with highly embellished demesnes. Lough Derg, in the southeast eomer of co. Donegal, is a gloomy mountain lake, remarkable for St. Patrick*B Purgatory on one of its dismal islets. Lough Esk, in the south of Donegal, is a pleasant and ornate sheet of water, of medium character between highland and lowland. Lough Veagh, a little north of the eeatre of co. Donegal, is a magnificent though not large mountain lake. Lough Carrowmore, in the north-east of co. Mayo, is a dreary expanse of water, amidst a vast region of wild moorlands. Loughs Bray, in the north of co. Wicklow, are mere loughlets, remarkable for the great elevation at which they lie, and the sublime scenery in which they are cradled. The lakes of Glendalough, near the centre of co. Wicklow, are noticeable, not strictly on their own account, but in associatioo with the many and singular architectural ruins of their small and savagely wild %len. The lakes of Inchegeelagh or Allua, in the west of co. Cork, have an agreeable mountain character. Lougfa Gougane Barra, on the western margin of co. Cork, a few miles west of the lakes of Inche* geehgh, is a loughlet of the most thrilling mountain romance. The lakes of Carra, Upper and Lower, in the west of co. Kerry, lie in a wild and beautiful glen, and have, for a number of years past, commanded the attention of many visitors to the lakes of Killamey. Lough Currane, on the coast of Ballinaskelligs bay in co. Kerry, has a mingled character of mooriehncss and moun* tain might.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 23

Grant of castle and lake of Ballymoreloughseudy in 1635

Ballymore · town · Westmeath · 1635

In 1635 Nicholas, first Viscount Netterville, obtained by virtue of Lord Strafford's commission for remedy of defective titles a grant of the castle, manor, and lake of Ballymoreloughseudy.

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manor of Ballyroore, and occasionally made them his place of rcMdencc ; and in 1635, Nicholas, first Viscount Netterville, obtained, by virtue of Lord Strafford's commission for remedy of defective titles, A grant of " the castle, manor, and lake of Bally morelough-seudy."

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 152

Killala Bay shipping toward Ballina

near Killala Bay · bay · Mayo

Killala Bay, the estuary of the Moy, is capacious but shallow and encumbered with sandbanks. Despite this, it carries a comparatively large amount of shipping toward Ballina and has been proposed as one of three great marine outlets for an interior navigation system.

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Gahray bay, as measured from respectively Black Head, the middle of the Arran Islands, and the uttermost of the flanking islets on the north side of the entrance, penetrates the land to the extent of 16, of 31, and of 42 miles ; it has, within Black Head, a mean breadth of about 7^ miles ; it abounds in useful inlets on the south and across the head ; it has recently acquired a very superior artificial harbour at the town of Galway ; and, though low and tame on the northern seaboard, and unindented in outline along a large proportion of the north side, it possesses, in its soathem and eastern shores, in the Arran islands across its entranoe, in part of its northern seaboard, and in the intricate intermixture of islets and peninsuhe near its head, a very large amount of opulent landscape. Spring and neap tides rise in the bay rei^pectively 16^ and 7 feet ; and the tidal current near the north shore and opposite Black Head flows at the rate of about a mile in the hour. The bays, sounds, and estuaries of a character eminently adapted to usefulness, from Cashleh bay on the north side of Galway bay opposite to the Arran Islands, round to Killery Harbour, on the boundary between co. Galway and co. Mayo, are so numerous, so ramified, and in fact of such incessant occurrence, that we had not space for a due general notice of them even in the article Cunkkmara [which see] ; yet eminently good though these harbours are, particularly those of Kilkerrin, Birterbuy, Roundstone, and Ardbear, they are rarely visited by any craft except fishing vessels, turf-boats, a few small coasting vessels^ and occasional revenue cutters. Most of the Cunnemara marine inlets, and especially the wondrous inlet of Killery between Galway and >Iayo, present the most powerful and gorgeous combinations of Highland landscape,— such as, with few exceptions, rivals the best and excels a large proportion on the western and northern coasts of Scotland. Clew bay measures 7^ miles across the entrance, and penetrates the land to the extent of 17^ miles ; it is protected across the mouth by Clare Island, and multitudinously sprinkled, over a space of 35 or 37 square miles at the head, with small fertile green islands ; it pcMBoescs in the sounds among these islands, and in small inlets at its head, some good harbours ; and, in the scenery of its shores and sur£EU», it combines the savage, the sublime, and the softly beautiful with more richness and effect than probably any other sheet of either salt or fr^sh water in the three kingdoms, excepting the celebrated Loch Lomond in Scotland. The tidal stream off C3ew bay, and over a great extent of the adjacent coast, sets due north ; and the current, at the distance of 16 miles due west from Aclull Head, runs at (he rate of 3^ miles in the hour. Blacksod bay, with its ramifications of Blacksod Harbour, Tulloghaan bay, and Achill Sound, has aggregately a great extent, considerable ramifications, important fishing-harbours, and good deep anchoring groonds ; but it wants sufficiency of shelter, and washes too poor shores, to be ever of much subserviency to commerce. The tidal current, in setting northward across the mouth of Blacksod bay, runs at the rate of only one mile in the hour. Broadhaven, between Erris Head and Benwce Head, is capacious but open to the north over one-half of its extent, and narrow and shallow over the other half ; yet it contains sheltered anchoring ground, and might be made of great value in a leas poor and remote country. The marine indentations between Ben wee Head and Downpatrick Head are so small and ironbound as hardly, in any other instances than those of Bealderrig and Banatrahar, to afford even the most slender shelter to fishing-boats. Killalla bay, or the estuary of the Hoy, is capacious but s\ allow and encumbered with sandbanks ; yet it carries up a comparatively large amount of sh' iping toward Ballina, and has been proposed as one of three great ■larine outlets for a system a interior and very ramified navigation, whose other marine outlets

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 7

Lead mines of Glenmalure, County Wicklow

near Glenmalur · valley · Wicklow

The lead mines of Glenmalure in County Wicklow were located on the boundary of granite and slate and remained operational. They were among only four mines still at work in County Wicklow out of numerous known copper and lead veins.

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" With the exception of granite, which is used as ft valuable building-stone, and some inferior slate quarries which occur in different parts of the counties of D^rry, Tyrone, and Donegal, and also in parts of the counties of Down, Klldare, and Wicklow, the only valuable rock, in an economical point of view, is primary limestone, which occurs in great abuj^idance throughout the schistose districts of the counties of Derry, Donegal, Tyrone, and Galway. This substance is chiefly valuable for manure when burned into lime ; but in some districts the limestone beds occasionaUy produce beautiful varieties of crystalline marble of various tints, as white, rose, find dove colour ; and, in co. Galway, large quarries have been opened, containing a valuable kind of serpentine, -striped and mottled, white and green, from which blocks of large dimensions have been raised. The whole of these primary and transition schistose districts contain metalliferous veins ; but a few only of those which are known have been worked, and, no doubt, many yet remain undiscovered. Owing to the great decrease in the prices of copper and lead during the last few years, many mines, formerly at work, have been abandoned ; and at present no metallic mines are in operation in the north of Ireland, with the exception of one containing lead at Clonhig, ftear Kewton-Ardes, in co. Down, and another at Derrynoose, in co. Armagh^ Of the numerous copper and lead veins known in co. Wicklow, only four are at present at work ; namely, the lead mines of Lugganure and Glenmalure, situated on the boundary of the granite and slate, and the copper mines of 3allymurtagh and Cronbane, in ihe vale of Ovoca, 6 miles to the west of Arklow^ The metalliferous relations of the counties of Wicklow and Wexford have been described in great detail by Mr. Weaver, in his valuable Memoir, contained in the 6th vol. of * The Transactions of the Geological Society of London.* It is consequently unnecessary to enter further on the subject in this place. At present there are no mines working in the primary mountain districts of the counties of Leitriqi, Sligo, Mayo, and Galway ; but many, both of copper and lead, are known, and have been worked at former periods with considerable success."

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 23

Lough Conn and Mount Nephin

near Lough Conn · lake or lakes · Mayo

Lough Conn in northern Mayo is partly overhung by Mount Nephin and features a mix of pleasant shores and heathy moors. It is divided from Lough Cullen to the south by a narrow strait spanned by the Pontoon bridge.

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Lough Neagh, on the boundaries of counties Antrim, Down, Armagh, Tyrone, and Londonderry, is not only the largest lake in the United Kingdom, but one of the largest in Europe ; it is a characterless inland sea, surrounded by low shores and a generally flat country ; it possesses extensive, but, in a great measure, factitious fame, for its power of petrifaction ; and though comparatively shallow, it boasts important subordination to the ramified inland navigation of the whole of Ulster. Loughs Erne, Upper and Lower, partly in counties Cavan and Donegal, but chiefly in co. Fermanagh, are multitudinously studded with beautiful islands, and completely environed with diversified, rich, and picturesque shores, and mutually connected, as well as partly flanked, by chains of meadow-encinctured loughlets, and possessed of far more extent, power, and character, than the Winandermere of England ; and they serve, not only as a great navigable series of waters in themselves, but as the counterpart of Lough Neagh in the system of navigations for Ulster and by the Ulster canal. Lough Corrib, partly on the boundary between Mayo and Galway, but chiefly within the latter county, is a large lacustrine expanse, very variable in width, depth, and scenery, but, to a large extent, gemmed with green islands, and either bounded by luxuriant grounds or overhung by wild and lofty mountains ; and it forms a main part of the chain of natural inland navigation in what have been termed the Lakes of Connaught. Lough Mask, situated in the counties of Galway and Mayo, a little north of Lough Corrib, displays wooded isles and luscious beauty, pours its great volume of superfluent waters down a wondrous subterranean channel to Lough Corrib, and is also an important part of the navigable series of Connaught Lakes. Lough Carra, situated within Mayo very near the head of Lough Mask, is much inferior in size to the latter, but considerably similar in character. An intricate and rather numerous series of lakes and loughlets, in the vicinity of Castlebar, and chiefly between that town and Westport, are in some instances sheets of b^uty, in others huge bogholes, and in others of diversified appearance ; and they often bear the aggregate name of the Castlebar Lakes, and are, to some extent, identified with the proposed ramification of inland Connaught navigations. Lough Conn, in the north of co. Mayo, has a few islets, and is partly overhung by Mount Nephin, partly bounded by pleasant shores, and partly screened with heathy moors ; it is divided into Lough Conn proper in the north, and Lough Cullen in the south, by a brief strait of river-width, spanned by the Pontoon bridge ; and it belongs to the river-system of the Moy, and holds a place, though a subordinate one, in the proposed series of inland navigations. The Lakes of KiUamey, Upper, Middle, and Lower, in co. Kerry, the first and second small, and the third large, are known either by inspection or by £Eune,

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 23

Lough Key gemmed with beautiful islands

near Lough Key · lake or lakes · Roscommon

Lough Key in the north of County Roscommon lies in the river-course of the Boyle. It is a luscious sheet of water, gemmed with beautiful islands and zoned with fertile and ornate grounds.

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Loogh Melvin, on the mutual borders of counties Leitrim and Fermanagh, is partly overhung by the Dartry mountains, and partly bounded by low, rocky, moorish grounds ; and, with the aid of a few wooded islets, it presents, on the whole, an agreeable appearance. Loughs Macnean, Upper and Lower, on the mutual borders of counties Leitrim, Cavan, and Fermanagh, are wild sheets of water, cradled amidst a region of brilliant highland scenery. Lough Oughter, in oo. Gavan, and in the channel or river-course of the Upper Erne, is a singularly intricate and almost labyrinthine intermixture of water with bold headlands, deep, projecting, wooded peninsulas, and large fertile islands. Lough Key, in the north of co. Roscommon, and in the river-course of the Boyle, is a luscious sheet of water, gemmed with beautiful islands, and zoned with fertile and ornate grounds. Lough Gara, on the mutual borders of counties Roscommon, Mayo, and Sligo, has a singulariy beautiful outline, and possesses some extent of interesting shore, yet fails to produce a generally pleasing effect. Lough Arrow, partly on the boundary between Roscommon and Sligo, but chiefly within the latter county, is studded with some beautiful islands, and surrounded with not uninteresting shores. Lough Gill, partly on the mutual border of Leitrim and Sligo, but chiefly within the latter county, has some charming islands, is surrounded by bold and singularly varied mountain ranges, and has been pronounced inferior in scenery only to the lakes of Killamey. Lough Dereveragh, in co. Westmeath, is a beautiful and comparatively large sheet of water. Lough Owhel, a little south of Lough Dereveragh, is a limpid lake, fed by internal springs, and affording to the Royal Canal its main supply of water. Lough Iron, in co. West* meath, and a little north-west of Lough Owhel, has, in general, flat and boggy shores. Lough Eonel, in oo. Westmeath, and south of Lough Owhel, is languishingly beautiful Lough Sheelin, on the mutual border of counties Meath, Westmeath, and Cavan, but chiefly within the last of these counties, is a beautiful though only third-rate expanse of water, greatly adorned on its north shores by recent georgic and park improvements. Lough Ganny, Gaiinagh, or Gouna, on the mutual border of counties Longford and Cavan, forms the young Erne by its superfluent waters, and has been pronounced the most beautiful of the Leinster lakes. Lough Ramor, in the southeast of 00. Cavan, is beautified with several wooded islets, and has considerably varied shores. The CootehiH lakes, on the mutual border of counties Cavan and Monaghan, are replete with luscious beanty, and completely screened with highly embellished demesnes. Lough Derg, in the southeast eomer of co. Donegal, is a gloomy mountain lake, remarkable for St. Patrick*B Purgatory on one of its dismal islets. Lough Esk, in the south of Donegal, is a pleasant and ornate sheet of water, of medium character between highland and lowland. Lough Veagh, a little north of the eeatre of co. Donegal, is a magnificent though not large mountain lake. Lough Carrowmore, in the north-east of co. Mayo, is a dreary expanse of water, amidst a vast region of wild moorlands. Loughs Bray, in the north of co. Wicklow, are mere loughlets, remarkable for the great elevation at which they lie, and the sublime scenery in which they are cradled. The lakes of Glendalough, near the centre of co. Wicklow, are noticeable, not strictly on their own account, but in associatioo with the many and singular architectural ruins of their small and savagely wild %len. The lakes of Inchegeelagh or Allua, in the west of co. Cork, have an agreeable mountain character. Lougfa Gougane Barra, on the western margin of co. Cork, a few miles west of the lakes of Inche* geehgh, is a loughlet of the most thrilling mountain romance. The lakes of Carra, Upper and Lower, in the west of co. Kerry, lie in a wild and beautiful glen, and have, for a number of years past, commanded the attention of many visitors to the lakes of Killamey. Lough Currane, on the coast of Ballinaskelligs bay in co. Kerry, has a mingled character of mooriehncss and moun* tain might.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 23

Malin Head latitude and position

near Malin Head · promontory · Donegal

Malin Head and Culdaff Bay on the north coast of County Donegal share a latitude with Campbelltown and the Mull of Kintyre in Scotland.

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iKXLA5i> is usually designated the second in extent of the British islands ; but, when viewed jptf 96, it is seen to consist of a comparatively great continent, and a closely environing cordon of little islands. Its geographical position is between 51^ 26' and 55° 21' north latitude, and between 5^ 20' and 10° 26' longitude west of Greenwich ; and its relative position is west of Great Britain, from the south of Argyleshire and the centre of Ayrshire in Scotland, to the north of Somersetshire in England or the south of Glamorganshire in Wales. It is bounded, on the north-east, by the North Channel ; on the east, by the Irish Sea ; on the south-east, by St. George's Channel ; and on the south, the west, and the north, by the Atlantic Ocean. The Blasquet Islands in the barony of Corkaguiney, co. Kerry, are in the latitude of Charleton's Isle in Hudson's bay, and Bolus Head in the barony of Iveragh, co. Kerry, is in the latitude of the Straits of Belleisle in North America. Malin Head and Culdaffbay on the north coast of co. Donegal, are in the latitude of respectively Campbelltown and the Mull of Kintyre in Scotland ; Bengore Head on the north coast of co. Antrim, is in the latitude of Girvan ; a point between Cushendun and Cushendall, on the east coast of Antrim, is in the latitude of BaUintra ; Glenarm is in the latitude of Newcastle-upon- Tyne ; the middle of Island-Magee lies opposite Portpatrick ; Black Head, at the north side of the entrance of BelfjEtst Lough, is in the latitude of Durham ; Donaghadee lies opposite the Mull of Galloway ; Ballyferis Point lies nearly opposite WMtehaven ; Killyleagh on Lough Strangford, is hi the bktitude of Dantzic ; Dundalk is in the latitude of York ; Clogher Head is nearly in the latitude of Hull ; the town of Skerries is in the latitude of Hamburgh ; Malahide lies opposite Liverpool ; Dublin lies nearly opposite Holyhead ; Bray is nearly in the latitude of Chester ; Black-Bull, a little north of Wicklow, is in the latitude of Petropowloskoi in Kamtschatka ; the Wolves, 5^ miles south of Wicklow, are nearly in the latitude of Derby ; Kifanichael Point is neariy in the latitude of Shrewsbury ; the church of Donaghmore in the north-east of the barony of Ballaghkeen, is in the latitude of Norwich ; Glascarrick Point is in the latitude of Berlin ; Enniscorthy is in the latitude of Birmingham ; the extreme north of Wexford Harbour is in the latitude of Amsterdam ; the town of Wexford is in the latitude of Hanover ; Greenore Point is in the latitude of Warsaw ; the village of Broadway is in the latitude of Cambridge ; Camsore Point is in the latitude of Worcester ; Bagenbon Head, near the south-west extremity of co. Wexford, is in the latitude of Stumble Head in South Wales ; Mine Head, in the barony of Decies-within- Drum, CO. Waterford, is in the latitude of St. David's ; the entrance of Youghal Harbour is in the latitude of Rotterdam ; Cork Head in co. Cork is neariy opposite the entrance of MiUbrd Haven ; the town of Bandon is in the latitude of Oxford ; Skibbereen is nearly in the latitude of London ; Baltimore is opposite Bristol ; the southern part of the Sound between the mainland and Cape Clear Island is in the latitude of Bath ; and Cape Clear, or the southern extremity of Cape Clear Island, is in the latitude of Leipzic. The shortest distances between Ireland and Great Britain, are 13| statute miles from Tor Point in co. Antrim to the Mull of Kintyre ; 21 from Donaghadee in CO. Down to Portpatrick in Galloway ; and about 47 from Camsore Point in co. Wexford to St. David's Head in Wales. But the most facile lines of communication between Irish and British ports, or those distances which are either run by regulariy-plyiag steam- vessels or constitute the shortest and easiest for saiUng vessels, are 138 statute miles from Londonderry to Greenock, 35| from Lame to Cairn, 107 from Belfast to Greenock, 156 from Belfiist to Liverpool, 33 from Bangor to Nessock, 21 from Donaghadee to Portpatrick, 23 from Donaghadee to Nessock, 143 from Dundalk to Liverpool, 138 from Drogheda to Liverpool, 130 frt>m Dublin to Liverpool, 63 frx>m Dublin to Holyhead, 70 frx>m Dublin to Porth-diuUeyn, 104 frx>m Kingstown to Fishguard, 60 from Wicklow to PorthniiuIIeyn, 79 from Wicklow to Fishguard, 90 from Wexford to Porth-diulleyn, 69 from Wexford to Fishguard, 104 from Waterford to Fishguard, 112 from Waterford to Pembroke, 222 from Waterford to Bristol, and 268 from Cork to Bristol

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 1

Millstone grit and coal district near Drumquin

Drumquin · townland · Tyrone

The millstone grit district extending from Drumquin in County Tyrone toward Lough Erne in County Fermanagh contains coal, but the beds are too thin and impure to repay the expense of working. The geological series is described as very imperfectly developed in this area.

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formfl the summit of Cuilcagh mountain, and which is elevated 2,188 feet above the level of the •ea, forms the upper member of the millstone grit series ; but if we cross the valley of Lough Allen in a south-western direction to the Arigna iron works, we find the same rock resting on the same ■hale, near the summit of Brahlicve mountain, in the county of Roscommon ; from this point we oomtinuo the description of the section. The millstone grit of Brahlieve mountain is succeeded by alternations of shale and sandstone, with three beds of coal, one of which in this mountain is three feet in thickness, though in others the same bed is less than two feet thick : but, unfortunately, the extent of this, coal field, which is confined to the summit of Brahlieve and Slievo KuHcagh mountains, is so inconsiderable, that no extensive collieries or manufactories can be mooessfully established ; consequently we cannot expect that this district will at any period prodnoe an abundant supply of iuel for distant markets. At present the Arigna iron works, the only manu&ctory of that kind in Ireland, are in full work, and cast-iron of the best quality is now made there at a moderate expense. The coal, though thin, is of excellent quality, as far as regards the smelting of iron ; the ironstone is peculiarly rich, and limestone is abundant in the neighbourhood. The millstone grit forms the summit, not only of Cuilcagh, but of many similar mountains of the neighbouring district. Had they been 100 feet higher, they would have all contained the main coal of Brahlieve mountain ; but, unfortunately, that valuable coal-bed which, no doubt, onoe existed there, has been washed away by the action of currents proceeding from the northwest, and deposited in broken fragments, accompanied by sandstone and blue clay, on the surface of the limestone valley which extends to the south-east, towards Belturbet, Killeshandra, and KohilL In many instances, large pieces of coal have been discovered by wcU-sinkers, in the diluvium throughout the district above-mentioned ; and in some cases, the quantity of coal was §o considerable as to induce the belief that, by sinking deeper, a bed of coal might be found. In the millstone grit district, which extends from the neighbourhood of Drumquin in the county of Tyrone towards Lough Erne in the county of Fermanagh, the series is very imperfectly developed. It also contains coal, but the beds are too thin and impure to repay the expense of working."

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 23

Monavullagh Mountains range in County Waterford

near Monavullagh Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Waterford

The Cummeragh or Monavullagh mountains in County Waterford form a continuous range from Dungarvan Harbour to the southern vicinity of Clonmel. They lie 4.5 to 18 miles from the sea, featuring principal summits such as Seefin and Knockanaffrin.

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The Cummeragh or MonavuUagh mountains in co. Waterford, form a continuous range, with some offshoots and partial disseverments, from the vicinity of the head of Dungarvan Harbour, northward to the southern vicinity of the town of Clonmel ; they lie at the distance of from 4^ to 18 miles from the sea ; and their principal summits are a height 3| miles north-north-west of the town of Dungarvan 608 feet, a height 3| miles north-east by north of Dungarvan 966, a height 4 miles north-north-east of Dungarvan 1,039, a height 6J miles north-east of Dungarvan 1,321, a height 7 miles west-south-west of Kilmacthomas 1,952, Seefin 2,387, a height 2 miles east-north-east of Seefin 2,180, a height 3^ miles east of Seefin 1,248, a height 2| miles north-west of Seefin 1,321, a height 3 miles north-east of Seefin 2,597, a height 3| miles north-north-east of Seefin 2,504, a height 5J miles west-north-west of Seefin 864, a height 4J miles north-north-west of Seefin 867, a height 4| miles north-north-east of Seefin 2,028, a height 7| miles north-east by east of Seefin 1,285, Knockanaffrin 2,478, a height 1^ mile north-north-west of Knockanaffrin 2,181, a height 2 miles north-north-west of Knockanaffrin 1,751, a height 3J miles north by west of Knockanaffrin 1,225, a height 3| miles east-south-east of Clonmel 1,875, a height 1^ mile south of Clonmel 1,081, a height 3| miles south-east of Clonmel 1,225, a height 4 miles south-south-west of Clonmel 1,071, a height 4f miles south-west of Clonmel 721, a height 1| mile north by west of Kilmacthomas 400, and a height 1^ mile north of Kilmacthomas 540. The mountains of Drum extend parallel to the coast between Dungarvan and the vicinity of Youghal Harbour, at the distance of from 1 J mile to 8 miles from the sea ; and their principal summits have altitudes of 500, 664, 709, 759» 625, 664, 782, 728, 993, 695, 807, and 452 feet above sea-level. The Knockmeledown mountains are a broad interior range, at the distance of from 13 to 24 miles from the sea, extending 15 miles in a direction nearly parallel with the coast, and placing their watershed along the boundary between co. Waterford and co. Tipperary; and their principal summits are a height 2| miles north-west of Cappoquin 653 feet, a height 3 miles north-east of Cappoquin 689, Crow Hill 1,003, a height IJ mile west-north-west of Crow Hill 1,096, Dyrick 1,297, Knocknamask 1,591, a height 1| mile east of Knocknamask 1,417, Knocknafallia 2,199, Knockanare 2,149, Knockmeledown 2,609, Knockasterkin 2,084, a height 1^ mile west-south-west of Knockasterkin 1,668, a height 3 miles south by west of Knockasterkin 1,086, a height 3 miles north-west of Lismore 732, a height 4| miles north-north-east of Ballyduff, 1,031, a height 3j miles north of Ballyduff 1;164, a height

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 16

O'Hierleys' castle ruin at Ballyvourney

Ballyvourney · parish · Cork

On the north side of the Sullane stood an old castle of the O'Hierleys, the quondam toparchs of the district. It had been reduced long ago to a mere heap of stones by the time of the gazetteer's writing.

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village, sends off a branch-line toward Kenmare. The chief mansion is Knight's Bridge, formerly the seat of the Colthurst fiunilv. — The village of Ballj^- vourney, **the town of toe beloved," is romanti* cally situated on an eminence which overhangs the south bank of the Sollane. Its site is 7i mUea west of Macroom ; and its population is not specially returned. Archdall says that St. Abban, who died in 650, built a nunnery at Bally vourney, '* and presented it to St. Gobnata, who was descended from Connor the Great, Monarch of Ireland. Her patron day is February the 1 4th. The church, which IS dedicated to her, is 104 feet in length, and 24 feet in breadth ; and the steeple seems nodding to its fall." But the ver^ hd of this Gobnata's existence is highly questionable; the alleged royalty of her lineage seems merely a rhetorical flourish ; and the pretended foundation of her nunnery simply served to eke out the antiquities of the ** Monasticon." The church was as Archdall describes; but is now a nearly amorphous mass of ruin. Near its altar was the tomb of the O'Hereleb^s or O'Hierleys, the quondam toparchs of the district. At m small stone -cross stood, about 30 yards from the west end of the church, the alleged image of St. Gobnatm used to be exhibited on Whit-Mondays and on patron days. Dr. Smith, who notices the debasing practice, says, '* The devotees (which are only the more simple and ruder Irish) go round it on their knees, and repeat a certain number of prayers. They also tye their handkerchiefs, &c., about its neck, which they imagine will preserve them from several diseases." And he adds, in a note, " I have been informed that the devotion used to this image haa been of late prohibited by the titular bishop of the diocese; but so strong are the ignorant Irish pre* judiced in its favour, that they still persevere in their superstition, which is not a little kept up by the gain it brings to the proprietor of this image, who, as I hear, farms it at a considerable rent to the person who exposes it to view." Near the cross was a stone fixed in the ground, and worn b^ the knees of the superstitious pilgrims ; adjacent is " m holy well," the water pure and soft ; and a little to the north of this is a circle of stones about 9 feet in diameter, appearing to be the vestige of a tower, and formerly encompassed with the knee-worn path of devotees. On the north side of the Sullane stood an old castle of the O'Hierleys ; but it was long ago reduced to a mere heap of stones. Fairs are held on Ma^ 10, Sept. 10, and Nov. 10. Bally, vourney jMinsh, owing perhaps to its sequestered position, its Highland character, and its forming a prominent portion of that huge glen-cleft mountain rampart which separates Cork and Kerry, is probably more characterized bv the barbarous system of faction-fighting — that hideous memorial of feudal times — than most other districts of Ireland. Mr. Croker narrates his having witnessed, in 181 3» "the gathering" of two factions for battle, who had annually met during upwards of 40 years to renew and perpetuate their feud ; and, he adds, thai four years aHerwaras they met, and rioted in such strength at Bally vourney, as to drive, in rapid retreat, before them the sub-sheriff and a few dragoons who had gone to preserve the peace. The following newspaper particulars of the commencement of the affray, illustrate the determination and the truculency with which faction-fights are not only conducteil, but desired. ** On Sunday, 21st July, 1816, the Lynches and Twomeys met at Bally vourney : they had been for several years unfriendly to eadb other; and, in consequence of this hostile feeling. Sir Nicbo> las Colthurst directed his under-agent to desire that they should not go to the same chapel on SundaySy-^

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 153

Primate Bolton's market-house, a ruin by 1800

near Armagh · town · Armagh

A market-house was built in Armagh by Primate Bolton but appears never to have been quite finished. By the commencement of the nineteenth century it had become a ruin.

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Other Public B«»Wiatf«.]^The barracks, situated on the Belfiist or Richhill road, 200 yards east of the gaol, are a neat erection of their class, welldesigned, occupying an extensive and suitably enclosed area, and standing on a fine open eminence in full view of the contiguous prison — The shambles, constructed by Primate Robinson, are a proper erection of their kind, and adapted jointly to convenience, cleanliness, and utility. A market-house was built by Primate Bolton, but appears never to have been quite finished, and, at the commencement of the present century, was a ruin. Betweoi it and the cathedral, and in the area of the marketplace, stood an antique mutilated market-croaa, curiously but rwlely sculptured, and thus described in 1803 by Sir Charles Coote :— " It appears that the top of the cross has been damaged ; the symbolic subject is Christ's crucifixion between the F
82

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 136

Roman Catholic chapel built at Arklow in 1616

Arklow · town · Wicklow · 1616

A Roman Catholic chapel in the upper part of Arklow's main street is a neat square edifice built in 1616, not unornamental to the town. It stands in an open and convenient spot.

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ARKLOW, a market, post, and sea-port town, the capital of its cognominal parish and barony, is situated B^ miles north-nortn-east of Gorey, 9^ south-south-east of Rathdrum, and 39| south by east of Dublin. Its site is on the river Ovoca, about 500 yards from the sea. About 65 years ago, the place was merely a fishing hamlet, a collection ot thatched mud cabins, superintended by a single slated house. Even the present lower town, or the division nearest the sea, and east of .the coast road from Wicklow to Gorev, is a wretched segregation of wretched huts, a huddled assemblage of squalid hovels, a magnified copy of a Hottentot or Caffre kraal, with the putrid increment of the accumulated offals of a slovenly fishery. Mr. Inglis, in his * IreUind, in 1834,' appears to have mistaken this for the whole town, and, accordingly, says, '• Arklow is one of the poorest villages that can well be seen ; it is entirely supported by the herring-fishing during the season, but all the rest of the year is miserably off." This " Arklow" of the superficial tourist, and *• lower town" of topographists, is, by the inhabitants, called " the Fishery." West of it the public road is carried across the Ovoca, on a bridge of 19 arches. Above the bridge commences " the upper town," or the division which would gladly claim to be the whole of Arklow, and which alone presents to the eye the real features of a town. It consists principally of one street, tolerably spacious, slowly ascending, and placed parallel with the river. Its houses are numerously slated, generally neat, and aggregately of re&pecta\)le mediocre character. Near the centre of the town, and crowning a rising ground, stands the parish-church ; a handsome edifice, with a tower and minarets, from a design by the same architect, Francis Johnson, Esq., who planned the beautiful structures of the royal chapel and St. George's church in Dublin. Iti an open and convenient spot in the upper part of the street stands the Roman Catholic chapel ; a neat square edifice, built in 1616, and not unornamental to the town. On a commanding site, overlooking the river, stands the barrack, surrounded by a wall, and containing ac oommodation for two companies of soldiers, and the appendage of a drill-yard. Connected with it are the fragmentary remains of Arklow-castle ; consisting chiefly of a mutilated and ivy-clad tower. This "a'.tle was erected in the 13th century, by Theobald Fit z waiter, fourth lord butler of Ireland. In 1331, it WHS assaulted and captured by O Toole, but soon recaptured by Lord de Bermingham ; and, in the following year, it was again taken by the Irish, and retaken by the English. Either originally, or as now enlarged or re-edified by the English, it possessed seven strong towers, and was a fortress of con^^iderable importance. In 1649, Oliver Cromwell raptured it, overturned six of its towers, and reduced the remainder of it to the condition of a yawning ruin. Theobald Fitzwalter, the founder of the castle, founded also in Arklow a Cistertian monastery, and colonized it from the abbey of Furne'S in Lancashire. The founder died at the castle in 1285, and was buried in the monastic church beneath a monument which bore his eflSgies. The

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 123

Round Tower Ruin at Ardpatrick

Ardpatrick · townland · Limerick

The village of Ardpatrick, situated on the side of the Castle Oliver hills along the northern skirt of the Galtee Mountains, contains the ruin of an ancient round tower. The parish name refers to the height or eminence of Patrick.

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393. The parish lies along the northern skirt of the Galtee Mountains, 4 miles south-east of Kilmallock. A grand feature of both topographical and historical interest is the object referred to in its name, — the height or eminence of Patrick ; yet the explanation of the name is nearly the sum of all authentic attraction ; though the village of Ardpatrick, on the side of the Castle Oliver hills, contains the ruin of an ancient round tower. Fair< are held on March 17th, April 26th, September 12th, and November 12th This parish is grouped, in a manner not explained, ^vith the union or benetsce of Kilmallock, the tithes of which constitute the economy fund of the dean and chapter of St. Mary's cathedral. Limerick. Sec Kilmallock. One Roniuii Catholic
ARD

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 122

Slieve League and the Teelin coast cliffs

Slieve League · mountain or mountain range · Donegal

The coast from Carrigan Head to Teelin Head presents stupendous mountain cliffs where the mountains of Teelin, Slieve League, and Lehan drop almost sheer to the shore. Slieve League reaches an altitude of 1,940 feet above sea level.

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The coast from Carrigan Head to TeeUn Head trends in the direction of north-west by west, meaaores 5| miles, and presents to the sea a series of stupendous mountain cliffs or precipitous dedivities, — the three mountains of Teelin, Sleave-League, and Lehan, flinging their skirts ahnost sheer down to the shore, and lifting their summits to the altitudes of respectively 1,018, 1,9(U, and 1,415 feet above sea-leveL The coast from Teelin Head to Rossan Point trends north by westward, measures 3 miles, and possesses the same sublime character as the coast from Carrigan. A straight line from Rossan Point to Dawros Head extends north-eastward, measures 13| miles, and first very nearly coincides over 8^ miles with the shore, and then passes across the entrance of the bays of Loughrusbeg and Loughrusmore ; and the coast between Rossan Point and these bays is everywhere very bold and lofty, presenting in two places cliffs or summits to the sea of 803 and 676 feet in altitude, and immediately overhung on its seaboard with summits of 911, 1,231, 1,613, and 1,684 feet in altitude. A straight line from Dawros Head to Bloody Foreland extends in the direction of north-east by north, measures 25} miles, cuts off to seaward Arran Island, various smaller islands, and 6 or 8 square miles of the mainland, and places the greater part of the main shore at the mean distance of about 2 miles to the south-east. The coast, over this stretch, is intricate, low, rocky, sterile, and repulsive ; but at Bloody Foreland it presents to the sea a cliff of 198 feet in altitude, forming the skirt of a hill whose summit has an altitude of 1,035 feet. A straight line from Bloody Foreland to Horn Head extends in the direction of northeast by east, measures 13 miles, and places the head of Ballyness bay and the mean distance of the general shore respectively 4| miles and 1^ mile to the south-east. Horn Head, though crowned with a summit of only 833 feet, and therefore very much lower than several other of the promontories which frown defiance on the Atlantic, is an object of great scenic power, and much natural cnriodty ; and it possesses the singular and astounding phenomenon popularly called MacSwin3*s Oon. A straight line from Horn Head to Fannat Head extends east-north-eastward, measures 14^ miles, passes across the entrance of Sheephaven and Tranarossan bay to near the extremity of Pointahomash, and then passes across the entrance of Mulroy bay, and places the remainder of the shore at the mean distance of about half-a-mile to the south-east. A straight line from Fannat Head to Dunaff Head extends in the direction of east by north, measures 4} miles, and passes across the entrance of Lough Swilly ; and a summit of 506 feet in altitude above sea-level, overhangs at once Fannat Head, and the west side of the mouth of Lough Swilly, while the summit of Raghtinmore, soaring to the altitude of 1,656 feet, overhangs Dunaff Head and the east side of the mouth of the Lough. A straight line from Dunaff Head to Malin Head extends north-north-eastward, measures 8 miles, and forms the chord of a semicircular sweep of marine indentation upon the land, whose shores are bold, and have in one place an altitude of 818 feet, and whose extremity ramifies far inland in the irregular but flaunting inlet of Strathbreaga bay.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 5

Slievemargy or Castle-Comer mountains between Barrow and Nore

Castlecomer · town · Kilkenny

The Slievemargy or Castle-Comer mountains occupy an area of 26 miles by 15 between the rivers Barrow and Nore, around the junction of Queen's County, Carlow, and Kilkenny. Principal summits include Scotland Hill (1,079 ft), Cullenagh (1,045 ft), and Cloghagrenan (1,032 ft).

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We have included so large a proportion of the interior mountains of Ireland in our view of the seaboard uplands round the circuit of the coast, that very few remain to be noticed. A scattered series, rendered conspicuous chiefly by its central position and the prevailing lowness of the inter* secting and surrounding country, is bounded on the north by a line drawn from Sootshouse to Oastle-Blaney, on the east by a line from Castle-Bl&ney to Nobber, on the south by a line from Kobber to Castle-Pollard, and on the west by a line from Castle-Pollard to Sootshouse ; and its principal summits are Knocklade 795 feet, Slievenaoalliagh 1,904, Ballybrusk 651, Scriboge 618, Carrickleck 599, Einan 629, Carrickaveilty 886, Enockawallis 709, Gola 691, a hei^t 6^ miles west of Carrickleck 629, a height 5 miles north-east of Virginia 713, a height 4J- miles north-northwest of Virginia 535, a height 3j^ miles south-south-east of Stradone 712^ a height 3 miles northwest of Newbridge 857, a height IJ mile east-north-east of Drum 448, a height 3^ miles north of Stradone 509, a height 3 miles north-west of Stradone 515, Ard-Kilmore 767, and Slieveglagow 1,050. In the central tracts of Leinster are a few isolated heights, whose summits figure conspicuously in the great expanse of flat country ; particularly Knockdomney 515 feet high and 6 niiles east of Athlone, Knockasha 660 feet high and 5 miles north-east of Moate-Grenogue, a height of 488 feet in altitude and 5^ miles south-east of Ballymore, a height of 602 feet in altitude and 4 miles east-north-east of Balljrmore, a height of 416 feet in altitude and 5 miles north-east of Ballymore, a height of 496 feet in altitude and 4^ miles west-north-west of Mullingar, a height of 418 feet in altitude and 4^ miles south-west of Castletowndelvin, Sion Hill 497 feet high and 4 miles south-south-east of Castletowndelvin, Tyfamham 486 foet high and 5^ miles north of Mullingar, Croghan 769 feet high and 4 miles south-east of TyrreFs Pass, Red Hills 656 feet high and 4 miles south-south-east of Rathangan, a height of 769 feet in altitude and 3| miles south of Rathangan, and the HiU of AUen 676 feet high and 3J nules south-west of Robertstown. The Slievemargy or Castle-Comer mountains occupy a space of 26 miles by 15, between the rivers Barrow and Nore, and around the junction-point of Queen's county and the counties of Carlow and Kilkenny ; and their principal summits are Carrickusheen, the Rocky Hills, Slievelogh, Scotland Hill 1,079 feet, CuUenagh 1,045 feet, Ardagh, Knocknacath, Cloghagrenan 1,032 feet, Anager 993, a height of 1,027 feet 2| miles south of Ballinakill, a height of 1,001 feet 3^ miles east of BallinakUl, and a height of 836 feet 2 miles south-east of Ballyragget. The Slievebloom mountains are a continuous range of 16^ miles in length ; they extend south-westward along the mutual boundary and border of Queen's county and King's county to the northern vicinity of Roscrea ; and their principal summits are the Ridge of Cappard 1,677 feet in altitude, the Conies 1,676, Slievebloom 1,691, Arderin 1,733, a height 3 miles north of Arderin 1,113, a height 3 miles southwest of Arderin 1,411, and a height 3 J miles north-east of Roscrea 756. The Devil's Bit mountains form a ridge nearly continuous with the Slievebloom mountains; they extend about 12 miles south-south-westward from the southern vicinity of Roscrea ; and they lift their principal summit to the altitude of 1,572 feet, but are in general very considerably lower. Three isolated heights are situated between the north end of the Devil's Bit mountains and the Slievemargy mountains ; one of them G49 feet in altitude and 5 J miles south-east of Roscrea, Knockaha 659 feet in altitude and 4^ miles west west by south of Rathdowney, and CuUa Hill 914 feet in altitude, and 3| miles south-east of Durrow. The Galmoy mountains in the north-west of the county of Kilkenny have six summits of respectively 1,156, 437, 445, 1,000, 635, and l,li56 feet in altitude ; the Brandon mountains on the eastern border of the county of Kilkenny have four summits of respectively 1,008, 1,304, 1,694, and 655 feet in altitude ; and the Booley mountains in the south of the county of Kilkenny have eight summits of respectively 677, 7C0, 882, 599, 509, 457, 458, and 490 feet in altitude. The south-eastern mountains of Tipperary are a small but lofty group in the eastern district of East Iffa and Ofla ; and their principal summits are Slicvenaman 2,364 feet, Carrickabrock 1,859, Knockclunna 1,654, a height l^ mile north-east of Knockclunna 1,088, and a height 2^ miles north-east of Knockclunna 852. The Bilboa or Kilnemanagh and the Keeper mountains are a sort of double congeries in the south-west of Tipperary ; they extend over a district of 16 miles by 11 ; and their principal summits are Knockbane 1,188, KnockaviUoge 1,216, Foilnaman 1,205, Knocknascreggan 1,296, Knockteogue 1,312, Moher-Slieve 1,783, Keeper mountain 2,278, Moher 987, a height 3^ miles north by west of Knockbane 1,295, a height 3} miles north-west of Knockbane 1,501, a height 2 miles north-east of Knocknascreggan 1,218, a height 2 J miles north of Knockteogue 1,543, a height If mile north-north-west of Keeper mountain 1,607, and a height 4 miles south-south-west of Keeper mountain 1,204. The Slievephelim mountains in the north-east comer of the county of Limerick are a conjoint mass with both the Bilboa and the Keeper series ; they occupy an area of 13 miles by 5 ; and their principal summit IB Croghan. The chief interior summits of the county of Limerick are Knockdirk, Pallas Hill,

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 19

Southern mountains of Mayo: Murrisk and Slieve-Partree

near Murrisk · townland · Mayo

The southern mountains of Mayo, encompassing the Murrisk and Slieve-Partree ranges, are situated between Killary Harbour and Clew Bay. They extend 21 miles eastward from the Atlantic and feature prominent peaks like Croaghpatrick and Muikea.

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The western mountains of Clare, or those situated between the valley of the Fergus and the Atlantic, and in the baronies of Corcomroe and Burren, include a few considerable summits, but consist for the most part of simply the higher grounds of a sort of moorish tableau ; they are, in no instance, farther than 16^ miles from the sea ; and their principal summits are a height of 554 feet in the parish of Eilmichael, a height of 700 in Eilmurry, Enocknaboley 701, a height of 425 in Eildysert, two heights of 500 and 699 in Clondagad, two heights of 669 and 672 in Eilmaley, Slievecallan 1,282, two heights of 661 and 843 in Eilfarboy, two heights of 487 and 493 in Inagh, a height of 485 in Eilmanaheen, a height of 510 in Eilmacrehy, Slievebeg 525, two heights of 635 and 920 in Rathbomey, the Slieve-Elva mountains 1,134, 1,109, and 1,004, two heights of 562 and 678 in Eillilagh, Turlough Hill 945, Cappanavalla 1,023, a height of 821 in Eillonaghan, two heights of 1,044 and 647 in Gleninagh, Moneen mountain 862, and a height of 1,008 in Oughtmana. The Sliove-Bamagh mountains, or south-eastern mountains of Clare, are a wholly interior congeries, at the distance of from 30 to 40 miles from the sea, and situated between the Ougamee and the Shannon ; and their principal summits are two heights of 566 and 1,010 in the parish of Eilfinaghta, Enockaphunta 843, a height of 1,018 in Eilseily, Enockglass 541, Cragnamurragh 1,729, Glennagalliagh in Eillokennedy 1,458, Glennagalliagh in Eillaloe 1,746, Enocknalecka 818, a height of 1,019 in Ogonelloe, and a height of 1,353 in Eillaloe. The Slieve-Baughta Mountains are separated from the preceding congeries only by the valley of Scarriff; they extend about 17 miles north-north-eastward, so as to form a screen to the greater part of Lough Derg ; they are situated at the distance of from 12 to 24^ miles from the head of Qalway bay ; and their principal summits are two heights of 829 and 990 in the parish of Inchicronan, four heights of 1,064, 533, 755, and 308 in Tullagh, five heights of 1,312, 448, 569, 724, and 992 in Feakle, three heights of 765, 1,126, and 1,028 in Moynoe, a height of 944 in Tomgraney, a height of 977 in Eilthomas, three heights of 1,060, 1,207, and 799 in Eilleenadeema, the Scalp 1,074, three heights of 692, 602, and 562 in Ballinakill, a height of 655 in Inniscalthra, and a height of 407 in Eilbeaconty. The Cunnemara mountains occupy the greater part of the area between Lough Corrib and the sea, and between Galway bay and Eillery Harbour ; their remotest summit is 20^ miles distant from the sea ; their principal summits within the barony of MoycuUen, or in the south, are Booroughauu Hill 541 feet, Eeeraun-Duff Hill 420, Enockaunanilra 627, two heights of 737 and 1,138 in the parish of Eilcommon, and a height of 633 in Eillanin; the principal summits on the mutual boundary of the baronies of Ross and Ballinahinch are four of 2,128, 2,307, 2,193, and 1,536 feet ; the principal summits within the barony of Ross, or in the north-east, are Bunnocuneen 1,902, Devil's Mother 2,131, five heights of 1,370, 1,230, 2,218, 2,052, and 1,383 in the parish of Ross, and a height of 1,697 in the parish of Ballinrobe ; and the principal summits within the barony of Ballinahinch, or in the centre and the north-west, are Bencullagh 2,084, Benbawn 2,395, Bencorr 2,336, Benlettery 1,904, Garraun 1,973, a height of 1,172 in the parish of Ballinakill, a height of 700 in Oraey, and five heights of 987, 428, 1,024, 1,164, and 741 in Moyrus. The southern mountains of Mayo, or those of Murrisk and Slieve-Partree, are partly situated between Eillery Harbour and Clew bay, and extend 21 miles eastward from the Atlantic ; and their principal summits are Benbury 2,610 feet, Muikea 2,682, Bengorm 2,224, BengorriflT 2,039, Farmnamore 2,210, a height 3 miles north-east of Farmnamore 1,694, Toneysall 1,270, Slieve-Bohaun 1,294, Curveigh 704, Slieve-Mahanagh 785, Bohen 723, Oughty 1,104, Croaghpatrick 2,510, Enockfoda 957, Enockakishaun 1,286, and Corvockbrack 1,287. The north-western mountains of Mayo are bounded on the south by Clew bay, and on the east by Lough Conn and the lower valley of the Moy ; they occupy a space of nearly 26 miles by 28, yet are in no instance further than 14 miles from either the open ocean or some great inlet of it ; and their principal summits are Enockletteragh 1,509 fieet, a height 2| miles south of Enockletteragh 1,766, Benmore 791, Slieveglory 937, Enocknatintree 1,646, Cushcancurragh 2,262, Slieveturk 1,322, Nephinbeg 2,012, Slievealp 1,084, Slievecar 2,368, Croghan 802, Enocklettercass 1,208, Buckogh 1,922, Berreencorrough 2,295, Laplagh 462, Enockmore 1,259, Spinkanilra 1,290, a height 3 miles north-east of Spinkanilra 1,655, a height 2 miles north-north-east of Spinkanilra 420, Nephin 2,646, Enockshandrim 430, Trista Hill 430, Slievemore 439, Glenoastle Hill 760, Gortmore 790, Enocknalower 613, Cubbin 876, Garraphuill 891, a height 5 miles north-east of Garraphuill 1,092, Clinsk 1,002, Tannymore 1,117, Glencolry 1,155, Maumakeogh 1,243, Eeadochmeel 776, Enocknadurave 667, a height 3 miles south of Enocknadurave 661, Aughaleague 786, and Enockbohe 472. Slievecama, an isolated height, 20 miles due east of the middle of the head of Clew bay, has an altitude of 855 feet. A small interior range commences 10]^ miles east-north-east of Slievecama, extends 12^ miles east by northward to the vicinity of Lough Cara, is situated at the mean distance of 23 miles from the northigcoast, and has

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 18

Steam and river craft navigation at Athlone

Athlone · town · Westmeath

The Shannon is navigated by steam-vessels from Killaloe to Athlone. From Athlone, river craft continue the navigation up to Lough Allen.

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estuary, is a romantic mountain rivulet. The Currane and the Inny, which enter BallinaskelligB bay, and the Fartin, which flows into Valentia Harbour, are of small note. The Oarra or Tinganff, which enters the lower part of Castlemaine Harbour, descends from a grandly romantic glen, and traverses the powerfully picturesque lakes of Oarra. The Laune or Lane carries off the Buperfluent waters of the celebrated lakes of Killamey, and enters Castlemaine Harbour near its head ; and its principal tributaries are the Flesk and the Deanagh into the Lower Lake, and the Oiddagh, the Lishadan, and the Anagarry, into its own current. The Maine enters the head of Castlemaine Harbour, and is navigable from the Inch bar to the bridge of Castlemaine, a distance of about 12 miles; and its principal tributaries are the Fleskroe, the Aunahity, the Keelbredagh, and the Castle river. The Cashen river is formed by the Feale, the Gale, and the Brick ; it drains smaU parts of counties Limerick and Cork, and a large proportion of the north of co. Kerry ; it is tidal, and navigable for vessels of 10 tons, over a distance of 6 miles ; and the principal tributaries of its forming streams are the Shannaw into the Brick, and the Brenagh, the Owenbeg, the Ullahan, the UUa, and the Smearla, into the Feale. The river Shannon drains a small part of co. Cavan, a large part of co. Leitrim, very nearly the whole of co. Roscommon, very nearly the whole of co. Longford, a pendicle of co. Meath, a large part of co. Westmeath, the larger part of King^s co., a considerable part of co. Qalway, a large part of co. Tipperary, the greater part of co. Clare, very nearly the whole of co. Limerick, and a considerable part of co. Kerry ; its principal tributaries are the Arigna, the Foerus, the Boyle, the Owenure, and the Cronagh in Roscommon, the Clonard, the fiamlin, the Kenagh, and the Inny in Longford, the Suck between Roscommon and Oalway, the Blackwater and the Brosna in King^s co., the Little Brosna between King's co. and Tipperary, the BaUyshmel and the Rosmore in Qalway, the Borris-o*-kane, the Kenagh, and the Kilmastulla in Tipperary, the Scarriff, the Blackwater, the Ougamee, and the Fergus in Clare, and the Mulkem, the Groody, the Maig, the Deel, and the Ovan in Limerick ; it is tidal, deeply navigable, and in a certain sense estuariid, all the way to the city of Limerick ; it sends off the estuary of the Fergus from its north side, and has a series of small harbours on both the north side and the south, particularly at Clare, Kildysert, the mouth of the Maig, the mouth of the Deel, Glynn, Tarbert, and Kilrush, between the city and the ocean ; it is navigable for river craft, partly up its own channel and partly by canal, from Limerick to KiUaloe ; it is navigated by steam-vessels from KiBaloe to Athlone, and by river craft from Athlone to Lough Allen ; and it comipands all the ramifications of inland navigation in the centre, east, and west, of Ireland, and is proposed to be connected also with the basin of the Erne, and thence with all the inland navigation of the north and north-east of Ireland. The Bunbeg and the Ennistymon rivers possess considerable volume ; bat the other streams of the west side of Clare are of no note.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 23

The romantic glen and lakes of the Oarra

Castlemaine Harbour · bay · Kerry

The Oarra or Tinganff river enters the lower part of Castlemaine Harbour after descending from a grandly romantic glen. It traverses the powerfully picturesque lakes of Oarra along its course.

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estuary, is a romantic mountain rivulet. The Currane and the Inny, which enter BallinaskelligB bay, and the Fartin, which flows into Valentia Harbour, are of small note. The Oarra or Tinganff, which enters the lower part of Castlemaine Harbour, descends from a grandly romantic glen, and traverses the powerfully picturesque lakes of Oarra. The Laune or Lane carries off the Buperfluent waters of the celebrated lakes of Killamey, and enters Castlemaine Harbour near its head ; and its principal tributaries are the Flesk and the Deanagh into the Lower Lake, and the Oiddagh, the Lishadan, and the Anagarry, into its own current. The Maine enters the head of Castlemaine Harbour, and is navigable from the Inch bar to the bridge of Castlemaine, a distance of about 12 miles; and its principal tributaries are the Fleskroe, the Aunahity, the Keelbredagh, and the Castle river. The Cashen river is formed by the Feale, the Gale, and the Brick ; it drains smaU parts of counties Limerick and Cork, and a large proportion of the north of co. Kerry ; it is tidal, and navigable for vessels of 10 tons, over a distance of 6 miles ; and the principal tributaries of its forming streams are the Shannaw into the Brick, and the Brenagh, the Owenbeg, the Ullahan, the UUa, and the Smearla, into the Feale. The river Shannon drains a small part of co. Cavan, a large part of co. Leitrim, very nearly the whole of co. Roscommon, very nearly the whole of co. Longford, a pendicle of co. Meath, a large part of co. Westmeath, the larger part of King^s co., a considerable part of co. Qalway, a large part of co. Tipperary, the greater part of co. Clare, very nearly the whole of co. Limerick, and a considerable part of co. Kerry ; its principal tributaries are the Arigna, the Foerus, the Boyle, the Owenure, and the Cronagh in Roscommon, the Clonard, the fiamlin, the Kenagh, and the Inny in Longford, the Suck between Roscommon and Oalway, the Blackwater and the Brosna in King^s co., the Little Brosna between King's co. and Tipperary, the BaUyshmel and the Rosmore in Qalway, the Borris-o*-kane, the Kenagh, and the Kilmastulla in Tipperary, the Scarriff, the Blackwater, the Ougamee, and the Fergus in Clare, and the Mulkem, the Groody, the Maig, the Deel, and the Ovan in Limerick ; it is tidal, deeply navigable, and in a certain sense estuariid, all the way to the city of Limerick ; it sends off the estuary of the Fergus from its north side, and has a series of small harbours on both the north side and the south, particularly at Clare, Kildysert, the mouth of the Maig, the mouth of the Deel, Glynn, Tarbert, and Kilrush, between the city and the ocean ; it is navigable for river craft, partly up its own channel and partly by canal, from Limerick to KiUaloe ; it is navigated by steam-vessels from KiBaloe to Athlone, and by river craft from Athlone to Lough Allen ; and it comipands all the ramifications of inland navigation in the centre, east, and west, of Ireland, and is proposed to be connected also with the basin of the Erne, and thence with all the inland navigation of the north and north-east of Ireland. The Bunbeg and the Ennistymon rivers possess considerable volume ; bat the other streams of the west side of Clare are of no note.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 23

Trinity College Dublin founded and opened

Dublin · city · Dublin · 1591–1593

Trinity College Dublin was incorporated in 1591 and opened for students in 1593, serving as a major college for theology, science, and literature in Ireland. It remains one of the principal educational institutions of the country.

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The colleges for theology, science, and literature, and the schools of medicine and surgery in Ireland, are Trinity College, Dublin, incorporated in 1591, and opened for students in 1593 ; the College of St. Columba, in the county of Meath, opened on Aug. 1, 1843, in strict and exdusiye connection with the United Church <k England and Ireland ; the Royal College of St. Patrick, at Maynooth, instituted by act of parliament, in 1795, for the education of Roman Catholics ; St. Patrick's College at Carlow, St. Jarlath's College at Tuam, and St. Patrick's College at Armagh, for the education of Roman Catholics ; the Roman Catholic Coll^^ at Dublin for Foreign Missions i the Royal Belfast Academical Institution, practically for the education of Protestant Dissenting ministers ; the Belfeist Academy, instituted in 1786 ; the King and Queen's College of Physicians in Ireland, founded by charter of Charles II. ; the School of Physic in Ireland ; the Association of Graduates in Medicine of Trinity College, Dublin, instituted in 1837 ; the Association of Members of the King and Queen's College of Physicians in Ireland, instituted in 1816 ; the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland ; the School of Surgery ; the Dublin Obstetrical Society, establiiJied in 1838 ; the Theatre of Anatomy and School of MecUcine and Surgery, in Peter-^reet, Dublin ; the Apothe* caries' Hall of Ireland ; the School of Medicine of the Apothecaries* Hall of Ireland ; the Society of Apothecaries, established in 1835 ; and the Medical Association of Ireland, established in 1839. The principal literary and scientific institutions have their seat in Dublin, and are the Royal Dublin Society, the Royal Irish Academy, the Royal Hibernian Academy, the Royal Irish Art Union, the Royal Zoological Society, the Geological Society, the Dublin Natural Histoiy Society, the Civil Engineers' Society of Ireland, the Royal Institute of Architects, the Dublin Mechanics* Institution, the Royal Agricultural Society, the Royal Horticultural Society, and the Practical Floral and Horticultural Society. One hundred and two local farming societies exist throughout Ireland, in connection with the Royal Agricultural Society. The number of newspapers in the course of publication in the boroughs of Ireland, at the close of 1843, were 7 in Belfast, 1 in Carlow, 1 in Ennis, 3 in Cork, 1 in Ballyshannon, 1 in Downpatrick, 2 in Newry, 22 in Dublin, 2 in Ennis^ kUlen, 1 in Tuam, 2 in Gbdway, 3 in Tralee, 2 in Kilkenny, 2 in Limerick, 3 in Londonderry, 1 in Longford, 2 in Drogheda, 1 in Ballina, 2 in Castlebar, 1 in Achill, 1 in Monaghan, I in Maryborough, S in Boyle, 2 in Sligo, 1 in Nenagh, 2 in Clonmel, 3 in Waterford, 2 in Athlone, and 2 in Wexford. The number of stamps issued for newspapers for a series of years from 1827 to 1841, both inclusive^ shows an increase of circulation of nearly double the amount at its commencement : —

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 88

Valentia Island's compact position

near Valencia Island · island or archipelago · Kerry

Valentia Island lies so compactly with the mainland that it is not easily treated as possessing a truly insular situation. It sits curvingly within the mainland's prevailing coast-line.

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line of the andulftting shore ; a line from the west side of the entrance of Kinsale Harbour to the Old Head of Kinsale, at the termination of a narrow and comparatively long peninsula, extends ■oath by westward, measures 6^ miles, and places the east coast of the peninsula, with its small headlanda, ai the mean distance of about three-fourthi of a mile to the west ; a line from the Old Head of Kinsale to the Seven Heads extends westnsouth-westward, measures 8{ miles, and passes across the entrance of Courtmacsherry bay, placing Kinahemsey Point, Barry Point, and other small headlands within the bay to the north-west ; a line from the Seven Heads to Gaily Head extends wett-south- westward, measures 9^ miles, and passes across the entrance of Clonakilty bay ; a line from Gaily Head to Toe Head extends west-south-westward, measures 12^ miles, and passes across the entrance of the large exterior bay whose ramifications, or interior parts, constitute the bays of Boss, Glandore, and Castlehaven ; a line frt>m Toe Head to the east side of the entrance of Baltimore Harbour extends in the direction of west by south, measures 6^ miles, and is partly coincident with the shore, but chiefly passes across the entrance of the twin bays of Toe and Barlog ; and a line from the east side of the entrance of Baltimore Harbour to Mizen Head at the south-west extremity of the mainland, extends in the direction of half a point south of west, measures 19^ miles, passes through the middle of Innisherkin, places the centre of Cape Clear Island 2^ miles to the south, places to the north the intricate archipelago terminating in Roaring- Water bay, and coincides over only a mile or two with either the shore itself or its immediate vicinity. The whole coast from Cork Harbour to Baltimore is exceedingly diversified, abounds in pleasant and brilliant scenery, and, in a general view, presents a bluff breastwork to the sea, has soft and gentle shores in the upper parts of its bays or other recesses, and terminates a seaboard of prevailingly undulating and tumulated sarhce. The coast westward of Baltimore, or rather on the west flank of the archipelago terminating in Roaring- Water bay, consists of the steep hce of lofty declivities, overlooked by the mountain-summits of Knockmadden and Mount- Gabriel, at the altitude of respectively 1,029 and 1,335 feet above sea-level ; and even Mizen Head itself exhibits the rapid dive into the sea of a hill whose summit has an altitude of 759 feet. A straight line frt>m Mizen Head to Sheep^s Head extends in the direction of north by west, measures 6^ miles, and nearly coincides with the shore to Three Castle Head, and then passes across the entrance of Dunmanus bay -, a line from Sheep's Head to BlackbuU Head extends west-northwestward, measures 8} miles, and passes across the entrance of Bantry bay ; a line from BlackbuU Head to Crow Head extends westward, measures 5} miles, and places the shore at the mean distance of about three-fourths of a mile to the north ; a line from Crow Head to Lamb Head extends in the direction of north by east half east, measures 11 miles, traverses a small part of Dursey Island, nearly coincides with Garrinish Point, places Cod's Head 1^ mile to the east, and then passes across the entrance of the Kenmare estiuury ; and a line from Lamb Head to Bolus Head extends west-north-westward, measures 9^ miles, places the shore to Hogg Head at the mean distance of 1} mile to the north, and then passes across the entrance of BallinaskeUigs bay. The shore and the seaboard, over all the distance frt>m Mizen Head to Bolus Head, even including by fiur the greater portion of the iar-extending inroads of the sea, are lofty, rugged, and impressive, affording shelter frx>m the winds chiefly or almost only among curves of cliffs and between spurs of mountains ; and Bolus Head itself lifts its summit to the altitude of no less than 1,351 feet above 8ea4eveL The coast from Bolus Head to Bray Head, at the western extremity of Yalentia Island, prevailingly trends north-north-westward, is defined by a straight line of 7 j miles in extent, bat Hfis to the east of that line at the mean distance of about a mile ; and it maintains the same diaracter as the coast south-east of Bolus Head, and is immediately overhung by the summits of KnockagaUsky, Lateeve Hill, Coraghmore, and Corraghbeg. Yalentia Island lies so compactly with the mainland, and in a general view so much and curvingly within the mainland's prevailing coast-Hne, that it cannot be very easily treated as possessing an insular situation. Straight lines from Bray Head to Mount-Ea^e, from Bray Head to Doulas Head, and from Doulas Head to Monni-Eag^e, measure and extend respectively 14 miles north by half-westward, 6} miles northeastward, and 11^ miles north-north-westward ; and both the first and the third of them may be regarded as passing across the entrance of Dingle bay. The south-west base or epur of Mount-Eagle^ Ibrming the real screen of the north side of the entrance of Dingle bay, is situated 1^ mile southcast of Dnnmore Head, the reputed screen ; and a straight line from the latter to Cape Sybil extends northward, measures 5 miles, and is nearly coincident with the bold and mountain-laden shore. The coast from Cape Sybil to Brandon Head trends north-eastward, measures 15^ miles, is marked by Dunoorlin and Ballydavid Heads and indented with Smerwick Harbour, and exhibits surpassing wildness and loftiness on its immediate seaboard, a chief and fetr-spreading feature being the sea-washed mountain of Brandon, whose summit soars to the altitude of 3,126 feet above sea-leveL A straight line from Brandon Head to Kerry Head extends north-eastward, measures 12} miles, 1 1^ mile to the north-west of the termination of the low flat peninsula between Brandon bt/

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 3

Abbeymahon parish on Courtmacsherry Bay, Co. Cork

Abbeymahon · townland · Cork

Abbeymahon is a parish on the north-east border of the barony of Ibane and Barryroe, lying along the west shore of the bay of Courtmacsherry, about 7½ miles south of Bandon. It measures 5 miles in length, 3 in breadth, and comprises 4,482 acres.

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ABBEYMAHON, a parish on the north-east border of the barony of Ibane and Barryroe, 74 miles south of Bandon, co. Cork, Munster. Length, 5 miles ; breadth, 3 miles ; area, 4,482 acres. Pop., in 1831, 3,563 ; in 1841. 3,261. Houses 545. The parish lies along the west shore of the bay of Court*
macsherry ; and contains the small village of LiSLl- VANE : which see. The general quality of the land is good arable. *' On the west side, as you so down the bay of Courtmacsherry,** says Dr. Smith in his History of Cork. ** is a good honse^ in a grove of trees, inhabited by Mr. Arundel ; and about half-way down, close to the shore, stand the nrins of Abbeymahon. It was founded by the Bernardine monki^ at their own expense; who were a very rich order. The Lord Barry gave them 18 plough-lands, which constitute the parish of Abbeymahon ; but this estate was only given them till the building was finished, which never happened ; for, soon after, the dissolv* tion of monasteries took place, and these lands were seized into the hands of the crown. The walls of the church are standing, and an house is built on part of the ruins, round which is a grove.** — This parish is a perpetual curacy in the dia of Ross. Gross income, £50; nett, £34. Patron, the earl ©f Shannon. The tithes are wholly impropriate In the earl of Shannon, and are compounded tor £699. A licensed school-house, capable of accommodating about 40 persons, is the only parochial place of worship. The Roman Catholic chapel has an avenge attendance of 1,500. The parishioners were stated, in 1834, to consist of 63 Churchmen, and 3,596 Roman Catholics. There were, in 1834, a da?- sehool. attended by 23; a hedge-school, by 80; and a Protestant Sabbath-school, by 14.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Aghadoe House or Meenisk mansion

Aghadoe · parish · Kerry

Aghadoe-house, also called Meenisk, is an elegant Italian-style mansion overlooking Lough Leane on the east side. It is among the chief demesnes mingling with the landscape around Aghadoe.

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wmidrcular arch springs from small round pillars, about 3 feet high, and surmounted by simple capitals. The focc of the arch displays two courset- of the chevron or zigzag in basso-relievo, and an intermediate series of beads or bosses in mezzo-relievo. The parts between the pillars and the jambs are wrought into fanciful fretwork ; and this, in common with the carving of the entire door- way, is executed Mnth both skill and taste. In the choir are three tombs ; and at the north-west corner of the nave was an Ogham-inscribed brown rough stone which has disappeared ; anti, according to report, was barbarously converted into a plain vulgar tomb-stone in the circumjacent cemetery. The chief writer who has guided our compiled account of these ruins, wrote in 1835, and says, '* I understand that it is intended to erect a new church at Aghadoe. No site certainly could be better chosen ; but I trust there will be no meddling with or displacing of the ancient structure." Vestiges of another ancient ecclesiastical ruin in this parish ^vill be noticed in the article Innisfallen : which see. Various beautiful mansions and demesnes mingle their features with the landscape on the east side of Lough I^anc : the chief are Aghadoe-house, or Meenisk, an elegant edifice in the Italian style. — Fossa, in the vicinity of the Roman Catholic parish chapel, — and Lakewell, the seat of a brother of Daniel O'Connell, M. P. — This parish is a rectory in the dio. of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and forms the corps of the archdeaconry of Aghadoe. Tithe composition, j£d72 18s. 5}d. ; glebe, £49. Gross income, £421 188. 5|d. ; pett, £394 6s. 5|d. Patron, the diocesan. The incuBkbent is non-resident, and holds also the sinecure deanery of Lismore. A curate employed for occasional duty has a stipend of £20. In 1834, there was no church. Three Roman Catholic chapels have each an average attendance of 500. The Churchmen, in 1834, amounted to 102, and the Roman Catholics to 4,820. Two schools, in 1884, hail jointly on their books 93 boys and 8 girls ; and one of them was aided with £8 a-year from Lord Kenmure. In 1840, a National school in Killarney was salaried with £36, and attended bv 682 girls ; and another at Fossa was salaried with £12, attended

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Aghalee church built in reign of Charles II

Aghalee · townland · Antrim · 1660–1685

The church of the union at Aghalee is supposed to have been built in the reign of Charles II. It seated 300 with an average attendance of 300.

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AGHALEE, a parish, containing a village of the same name, in the south- west corner of the barony of Upper Massavene, co. Antrim, Ulster. Length, 2^ miles; breadth, I ; area, 2,499 acres, 2 roods, 37 perches. Pop., in 1831, 1,411 ; in 1841, 1,450. Houses 280. — The surface is low and level, or but gently undulated, and declines with a westerly dip toward Lough Neagh. Nearly all the land is arable ; and, either as tillage-ground or as meadow, is in good cultivation. The Lagan navigation, and the near vicinity of the post-road from Armagh to Belfast, afford facilities of communication. The village of Aghalee stands on the road from Lurgan to Coleraine, 1 mile south -south-west of Ballinderry, and 4 north -north -east of Lurgan. It is a straggling place, but boasts the presence of the parish-church. Area, 8 acres. Pop, in 1841, 143. Houses 29. The inhabitants are employed principally in agriculture and in the linen manufacture. — This parish is a vicarage in the dio. of Dromore ; and, along with the vicarages of Aghagallen and Magherambsk, [see these articles,] forms the benefice sometimes designated Aghalee, and sometimes Magheramesk. Composition for the vicarial tithes of the parish, £79. Gross income of the benefice, £334 5s. ; nett, £285 2s. Patron, the Marquis of Hertford. The patron is impropriator of the rectories of the three parishes, and receives £62 in lieu of their tithes. Two curates are employed at salaries of respectively £70 and £50. The church of the union at Aghalee, is supposed io have been built in the reign of Charles II. Sittings 300; average attendance 300. A Quakers' meeting-house in Magheramesk is attended by from 20 to 50. In 1834. the Churchmen of the parish amounted to 1,180, the Presbyterians to 50, other Protestant dissenters to 17» and the Roman Catholics to 226 ; and the Churchmen within the benefice to 3,735. the Presbyterians to l.'>8, other Protestant dissenters to 187, and the Roman Catholics to 2,955. In the same year, two pay-schools in Aghalee had on their books 59 children, a parochial school had 27, a National school 102, a girls' school of the Ladies' Hibernian Society 21, and a Sunday school 79; and the schools within the benefice amounted to 12, and had on their books 283 boys and 149 girls.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Aghalee village on the Lurgan to Coleraine road

Aghalee · townland · Antrim

The village of Aghalee in Antrim stands on the road from Lurgan to Coleraine, one mile south-south-west of Ballinderry and four miles north-north-east of Lurgan. It is a straggling place with a parish church, and its inhabitants are employed principally in agriculture and the linen manufacture.

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AGHALEE, a parish, containing a village of the same name, in the south- west corner of the barony of Upper Massavene, co. Antrim, Ulster. Length, 2^ miles; breadth, I ; area, 2,499 acres, 2 roods, 37 perches. Pop., in 1831, 1,411 ; in 1841, 1,450. Houses 280. — The surface is low and level, or but gently undulated, and declines with a westerly dip toward Lough Neagh. Nearly all the land is arable ; and, either as tillage-ground or as meadow, is in good cultivation. The Lagan navigation, and the near vicinity of the post-road from Armagh to Belfast, afford facilities of communication. The village of Aghalee stands on the road from Lurgan to Coleraine, 1 mile south -south-west of Ballinderry, and 4 north -north -east of Lurgan. It is a straggling place, but boasts the presence of the parish-church. Area, 8 acres. Pop, in 1841, 143. Houses 29. The inhabitants are employed principally in agriculture and in the linen manufacture. — This parish is a vicarage in the dio. of Dromore ; and, along with the vicarages of Aghagallen and Magherambsk, [see these articles,] forms the benefice sometimes designated Aghalee, and sometimes Magheramesk. Composition for the vicarial tithes of the parish, £79. Gross income of the benefice, £334 5s. ; nett, £285 2s. Patron, the Marquis of Hertford. The patron is impropriator of the rectories of the three parishes, and receives £62 in lieu of their tithes. Two curates are employed at salaries of respectively £70 and £50. The church of the union at Aghalee, is supposed io have been built in the reign of Charles II. Sittings 300; average attendance 300. A Quakers' meeting-house in Magheramesk is attended by from 20 to 50. In 1834. the Churchmen of the parish amounted to 1,180, the Presbyterians to 50, other Protestant dissenters to 17» and the Roman Catholics to 226 ; and the Churchmen within the benefice to 3,735. the Presbyterians to l.'>8, other Protestant dissenters to 187, and the Roman Catholics to 2,955. In the same year, two pay-schools in Aghalee had on their books 59 children, a parochial school had 27, a National school 102, a girls' school of the Ladies' Hibernian Society 21, and a Sunday school 79; and the schools within the benefice amounted to 12, and had on their books 283 boys and 149 girls.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Aghalurcher parish and Upper Lough Erne landscape

near Aghalurcher · parish · Fermanagh

Aghalurcher parish spans Tyrone and Fermanagh, with Upper Lough Erne extending along its western border and contributing features of decided beauty to a pleasing landscape. Maguire's River rises near the moorish upland watershed between the two counties and runs about 11 miles south-westward to Lough Erne.

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qualities ; and three-eighths is principally mountain. The Upper Lough Erne extends along the western border, and contributes features of decided beauty to a pleasing landscape. See Erkb (Lough). Maguire's river rises near the moorish and upland watershed between Fermanagh and Tyrone, and makes s run of about 1 1 miles, all within the parish, soutbwestward to Lough Erne. The stream is spanned by substantial bridges, and, in a small degree, lends its current and volume as a facility of communicBtion. Limestone abounds, and sandstone is extendi vely quarried. Spinning, weaving, and some kindred crafts afford considerable employment. Numerous mansions and demesnes reciprocate embellishment with the finer localities. Besides the post-town of Lisnaskea, and the market- town of Maguire's- Bridge,
there are several villages Aghalurcher is a rectory,

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Anaclone parish near Banbridge, Co. Down

near Banbridge · town · Down

Anaclone or Annaghclone parish lies 4 miles south-east by south of Banbridge in the barony of Upper Iveagh, Co. Down. The date and cost of the church's erection are unknown, and it supported Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, and Established Church congregations.

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benefice in the dio. of Dromore. Tithe composition, £im 38. 8d. Gross income, £352 6s. 2d.; nett, £310 I5s. Patron, the diocesan. A curate is employed at a salary of £69 4s. J^d. The date and cost of the church's erection are unknown. Sittings 200 ; average attendance, from 30 to 50. Two meeting, houses of the General Assembly, the one formerly of the Synod of Ulster, and the other of the Secession Synod, are each attended by about 200; and the Roman Catholic chapel, by about 500. In 1834, the parishioners consisted of 194 Churchmen, 1,596 Fresbyteriansr and 1,696 Roman Catholics ; and 7 day-schools had on their books 269 boys and 159 girls. Two of the schools belonged respectively to the National Board and the Hibernian Society, and two were respectively parochial and classical.
ANADORN, or Blackstaff (The), a rivirict of the barony of Kinelearty, co. Down, Ulster. It runs a south-south-westerly course of about 5 miles, to the iinier bay of Dundrum ; and, immediately above its embouchure, is spanned by a bridge.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Annamult parish near Mount Juliet demesne

Annamult · townland · Kilkenny

Annamult, a small parish in the barony of Shillelogher, County Kilkenny, extended along the right bank of the Nore about four miles above Thomastown. It contained the seat of Annamult-house and borrowed beauty from the Earl of Carrick's demesne of Mount Juliet on its southern border.

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quondam civil parish, and still an ecclesiastical one at the southern extremity of the barony of Shillelogher, co. Kilkenny, Leinster. Length, 1i mile; breadth, 1. Pop., in 1831, 458. The parish extends along the right bank of the Nor«, about 4 miles above Thomastown. It contains the seat of Annamult-house, and borrows some beautv from the impingement on its southern border of the Earl of Carrick's beautiful demesne of Mount Juliet. The land is all arable, and, for the most part, of superior quality Annamult is a rectory, in the dio.
of Ossory, and forms part of the benefice of Kklls { which see. It does not lie contiguous to any of the six parishes with which it is ecclesiastically united ; but is separated from the nearest of them, Kells and Stumcarty, by the intervention of Ennisnag. The parish is tithe-free. In 1834, the Protestants amounted to 26, and the Roman Catholics to 435. There is neither church, chapel, nor school.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 112

Ardcavan peninsula and Castle-Bridge

Ardcavan · townland · Wexford

Ardcavan parish in County Wexford occupies a peninsula projecting into the estuary of the Slaney, opposite the town of Wexford. The village of Castle-Bridge stands partly on the Ardcavan side of the Castle-Bridge river.

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ARDCAVAN, a parish in the barony of East Shelmalier, I^ mile north-east of Wexford, co. Wex. ford, Leinster. It occupies the peninsula which projects southward into the e«tQary of the Slaney, opposite the town of Wexford ; and is, in conse. quence, bounded on three sides by that estuary The land is in general excellent. Most of the village of Castle-Bridge [whieh see], stands on the Ardcavan side of the Castle-Bridge river, which forms the north-west boundary. The road northward from the long bridge of Wexford traverses the interior. See Wexford. Length of the parish, 5 miles ; breadth, 1\ ; area, 2,458 acres. Pop., in 1831, 858 ; in 1841, 947. Houses 155. Pop. of the rural districts, in 1841, 779. Houses 121 — This parish is an impropriate curacy in the dio. of Ferns; and forms part of the benefice of Ardcolme : which see. The vicarial tithes belong to the curate, and are compoimded for £66 16s. 3d., and the rectorial tithes belong to Lord Portsmouth, and are compounded for £73 Is. lOJd. A Roman Catholic chapel in Castle-Bridge has an attendance of 1,100; and, in common ynth chapels in Screen and St Margaret's parishes, has two officiates. In 1834, the Protestants amounted to 5(), and the Roman Catholics to 839. In 1840, a school at Castle- Bridge was aided with £12 from the National Board, and had on its books 104 boys and 58 girls.
ARDCLARE, or Clonigormtcan, a parish about 5 miles south-south-west of Tulsk, and in the barony of Ballymoe, co. Roscommon, Connaught. Length, 4^ miles; brea<lth, 4; area, 8,544 acres. Pop., in 1831, 2,633; in 1841, 2,555. Houses 430. Most of the land is of good or even prime quality. The surface is drained by the Suck, and traversed north-westward by the road from Roscommon to

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 121

Ardee House and Ruxton family demesne

Ardee · town · Louth

Ardee-house, the principal mansion of the parish of Ardee and the seat of the Ruxton family, stands amidst a handsome and well-wooded demesne immediately behind the west side of Castle-street, producing warmth and amenity of aspect.

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ARDEE, a parish, containing a town of the same name, in the barony of Ardee, co. Louth, Leinster. Length, 3 miles; breadth, 2; area, 4,885 acres. Pop., in 1831, 6.181 ; in 1841, 6,392. Houses 1,207. Pop. of the rural districts, in 1831, 2,206; in 1841, 2,713. Houses 500. Excepting about 400 plantation acres of bog, the land is nearly all good or excellent. Ardee-house, the principal mansion of the parish, and the seat of the Ruxton family, stands amidst a handsome and well- wooded demesne. The Dee, running eastward, is the principal stream. Other objects of mterest are in the town of Ardee, or grouped with it, and will be noticed in next article — 1 his parish is a vicarage in the dio. of Armagh. The entire tithes are impropriate in Viscount Ferrard, and are compounded for £392 13s lid. Lord Ferrard is the impropriator also of the entire tithes of Shenlish, and the rectorial tithes of Stickillen, jointly compounded for £182 lOs. ; and he allows £7 lOs. to the vicar of the three parishes. The vicarage of Ardee is united to the rectory of Kildemock and the vicarages of Stickillen, Shenlisu, and Smarmore [see these articles], to constitute the benefice of Ardee. Length, 4^ miles; breadth, 4 Gross income, £877 18s. 4<1. ; nett, £806 19s. Ud. Patron, the Archbishop of Armagh. A curate has a
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Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 121

Ardfert church serves as both parochial and cathedral

Ardfert · town · Kerry

The church of Ardfert functions as both a parochial and a cathedral church. As a result, there are no specific duties annexed to the office of the minor or petty canon, with all duties performed by the parochial minister.

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fiftj-two prebends without having any benefices with cure of souls annexed to them ; namelj, the seven prebends of Swords, Yagoe, Wicklow, Timothan, Castleknock, Tassagard, and Maynooth, in the cathedral church of St. Patrick's-Dublin ; — the prebend of Castropetre, in the cathedral of Kildare ; — the prebend of Kilrane, in that of Ferns ; — the seven prebends of Seskenane, Kilgobinet, I>jBart, Kilrosantj, Modeligo, Clashmore, and Tulloghorton, in the cathedral of Lismore ; — ^the prebends of Dollardstown, in the cathedral of Emly ; — of Liscleary and Holy Trinity in that of Cork ; — of Curragranemore, in that of Ross ; — Kilmacdonough, in that of Cloyne ; — ^and those of Lockeen, Clondagad, Dysert, Tullogh, and Rath, in that of KiUaloe ;— the five prebends of KiUabeggs, Taghsazon, Kilmoylan, Faldown, and Laccagh, in the cathedral of Tuam ; — ^the four of Kilmacallane, Kilgoghlin, Kilcooley, and Tirebrine, in that of Elphin ; — the eight prebends of Fenore, Anacalla, Kilconnell, Killaspicmoylan, Eilteskill, Droughta, Balljmoulter, and Kilquane, in the cathedral of Clonfert ; — the two of Kinvarra and Island-Eddy, in that of Kilmacduagh ;— the five of Killanley, Errew, Ardagh, Lackan, and Rosserkbeg, in that of Killalla ; — and the two prebeuds of KiUaraght and Kilmovee, in the cathedral church of Achonry : — but it is to be observed, that the prebend of Timothan, in St. Patrick's cathedral, Dollardstown in that of Emly, and Killanley, in that of Killalla, exist merely in name, not having any fruits or emoluments whatever belonging to them ; while the annual proceeds of other prebends are extremely small, not amounting in some cases to ten pounds per annum, and in many not exceeding forty pounds per annum, IB is the case with some of those in the province of Tuam. It appears, also, that there are four prebends, without cure, annexed to the episcopal dignity, namely, that of Cullen to the archiepiscopal see of Dublin ; those of Glankeen and Isertlaurence to the archiepiscopal see of Cashel ; tad that of Athnet to the episcopal see of Limerick ; and in right of their prebendal oflices, these dignitaries are entitled to a voice and seat in their respective chapters ; but they do not appear, in all instances, to be in the habit of availing themselves of their privileges in this respect. SVith regard to the nine canonries, it is to be observed, that there are not any benefices, or cure of tools, attached to any of them. In the case of the four minor or petty canons of St. Patrick's etthedral, the duties of each appear to be, either personally or by deputy, to attend at the morning ttd evening services in the cathedral every fourth Sunday, and at morning service every day in the succeeding week ; and as regards the four canons of Kildare, each is obliged every eiglith Sondaj, in rotation with the other members of the chapter, to undertake the cathedral duties, which duties are, however, discharged by a residentiary canon, at the expense of the individual members of that chapter ; but in the case of the minor or petty canon of Ardfert, there is not any dnty now annexed to this oflice, the church of Ardfert being parochial as well as cathedral, and consequently all the duties performed by the parochial minister."

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 91

Ardglass church built circa 1500

Ardglass · townland · Down · 1500–1650

The church in Ardglass parish is supposed to have been built in 1500 and repaired in 1650 by private subscription. It seated 200 with an attendance of 75.

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curacy in the dio. of Down. The rectory forms part of the benefice of Inch and corps of St. Andrews' prebend in the cathedral of Down ; and the rectorial tithes are compounded for i:200. The tithes of 6 townlands are reserved for the curacy, and compounded for £264 18s. 9d. Gross income, £277 18d. 9d. ; nett. £260 12s. 8d. Patron, the prebendary of 8t. Andrews. An assistant curate has £150 a-year, and the use of the glebe-house. The church is supposed to have been built in 1500, and repaired m 1650 by private subscription. Sittings 200; attendance 75. The Roman Catholic chapel has an attendance of TOO and up\^'ards, and is served by two oflRriaU's, who serve also the chapel of Witter. In 1834, the parishioners consisted of 173 Churchmen, (»J0 P^e^byte^ians, and 1,429 Roman Catholics; a Sunday school was attended by 27 children ; and 2 daily schools, one of which received £50 a-year from Colonel and Lady H. Forde, had on their books 1 18 boys and 97 girls.
ARDKILL, a parish in the barony of Carbery, co. Kildare, Leinster. Post-town, Edenderry. Length, 3^ miles; breadth, 3; area, 5,848 acres. Pop., in 1831, 864; in 1841, 1.214. Houses 191. The average value of the land, in common with that of 7 adjacent parishes, is 26s. per plantation acre This parish

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 122

Ardgroom creek and village on Kenmare estuary

near Ardgroom · population centre · Cork

Ardgroom is a creek projecting over two miles inland at the boundary between Cork and Kerry on the south side of the Kenmare river estuary, partly covered by Dutch Island. A village stands on its east shore.

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ARDGROOM, a creek and a village, about the middle of the south side of the Kenmare river or estuary, Munster. The creek projects upwards of two miles inland, at the boundary between Cork and Kerry ; is partly covered by Dutch-island ; and receives at its head a rivulet which runs 5 miles northward to it from a lake. The village stands on its east shore. Pop. not separately stated.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 122

Ardrahan church built in 1809

Ardrahan · parish · Galway · 1809

The church at Ardrahan was built in 1809 by means of a parochial assessment and a grant from the Board of First Fruits, with 200 sittings but attendance of only 30. Nearby mansions within the parish include Castle-Taylor, Cregclare, and Tylara.

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ARDRAHAN, a parish partly in the barony cf Loughrea, partly in that of Kiltartan, but chiefly in that of Dunkellin, co. Galway, Connaught. Length, 9 miles ; breadth, 5. Area of the Loughrea section, 4,630 acres ; of the Kiltartan section, 3,078 acres ; of the Dunkellin section, 10,240 acres. Pop. of the whole, in 1831, 3,805; in 1841, 4,191. Houses 683. Pop. of the Loughrea section, in 1831, 291 ; in 1841, 912. Houses 148. Pop. of the Kiltartan section, in 1831, 969; in 1841, 1,162. Houses 200. Pop. of the Dunkellin section, in 1831, 2,445; in 1841, 2,117. Houses 335. The hamlet of Ardrahan stands 4^ miles north-north-east of Gort, on the post- road from that town to Loughrea. Near it, and within the parish, are the mansions of Castle- Taylor, Crcgclare, and Tylara. Fairs are held in the village on March 21st, September 12th, and November 1 2th. The rivulet Gurtnamackin, much of whose course is subterranean, bisects the parish south-south-westward. Wheat is raised around the village of Ardrahan for the Galway market. Yet most of the parochial surface is high and pastoral ; consisting of part of the long broad band of uplands called the Slieve Baughta mountains. A dispensary in the parish is a branch of that in Gort, the only one which exUU in a Poor-law union of 89,828 acres, and 38,342 inhabitants. See GoRT — Ardrahan is a rectory in the dio. of Kilmacduagh. Tithe composition £356. This rectory and that of Beagh, [which see,] constitute the benefice of Ardrahan. The two parishes are mutually 4 miles separate, by the intervention of Kilcarton and Kilmacduagh. Gross income of the benefice, ;£785 lis. Hd.; nctt, £691 10s. 24d. Patron, the ^Tarquis of Clanricarde. A curate has a stipend of £18 9s. 2|d. The church was built in 1809, by means of a parochial assessment of £369 4s. f^d., and a grant from the late Board of First Fruits of £461 10a. 9id. Sittings 200 ; attendance 30. The Roman Catholic chapel of Ardrahan is attended by from 800 to 1,000, and a Roman Catholic place of meeting in Tylara-house by from 50 to 60 ; and the two are served by one officiate. There is a chapel also in Beagh. 'in 1834, the Protestants of Ardrahan amounted to 60, and the Roman Catholics to 4,013; the Protestants of the union to 109, and the Roman Catholics to 9,691 ; the daily schools of Ardrahan to 6, with an average attendance of 247 children ; and the daily schools of the union to 12, with an average attendance of 587. One of the Ardrahan schools was a free-school, whose teacher received £5 a-year from Sir John Tavlor, and £10 a-year, besides board and lodging, from Captain Shaw of Castle-Taylor ; and the other 5 were pay-schools at the Roman Catholic chapel, at Castle-Daly, at CoxtoMHi, at Ballinduff, and at Moneen.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 122

Ashfield bog belt near Castleblakeney

Ashfield · townland · Galway · 1814

A belt of bogs covering 3,280 English acres stretches from near Ashfield-house to Clonbrock-house, encompassing Ashfield bog, Clonpee bog, and Clonbrock bog along the nascent Ahascragh river. Mr. Griffith's 1814 report described their drainage potential and estimated reclamation costs.

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ASHFIELD, a seat and property in the yidnity of the tovm of Castleblakeney, co. Galway, Connaught The seat is encompassed with some wood about I of a mile west of the town. A belt of bogs, which describes the segment of a circle from the vicinity of Ashfield-house to a point 1^ mile north-east of Clonbrock-house, contains an area ok 3,280 English acres. The belt is about 4i miles in length, extends chiefly along the margins of the nascent Ahascragh river, and, excepting a small piece at the east end, lies on the south-west side of the road from Ballinasloe to Castleblakeney. It consists of Ashfield bog on the west, Clonpee bog in the middle, and Clonbrock bog on thie east. ** These bogs," says Mr. Griffith, in the 4th Report of ^e Commissioners on Irish Bogs, published in 1814 — " These bogs do not form one continued mase of red bog, but are connected together by interven.
ASH

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 138

Ballinacurra port of Middleton on Cork Harbour

Ballinacurra · townland · Cork

Ballinacurra, situated on the Middleton river over a mile below the town of Middleton, serves as the port of that town and the outlet for its agricultural produce. The site contains the town's small quay and principal corn stores, and the creek below the village expands into the forked waters washing Great Island in Cork Harbour.

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BALLINACURRA, or Ballinacorra, a village in the parish of Middleton, baronies of Barrymore and Imokilly, co. Cork, Munster. It is situated on the Middleton river, upwards of a mile below the town of Middleton ; and it is the port of that town, the outlet for the agricultural produce brought to its market, and the site of its small quay and of its principal corn stores. The country around it is fertile, and partially powdered and beautified with handsome lodges and cottages. In its vicinity stands Ballinacurra-house, the seat of Mrs. Garde. The river or creek expands, immediately below the village, into the forked belt of waters, one stripe of which w shes the north side, and another the east side of Great Island, in Cork Harbour. Area of the Barrymore section, 23 acres; of the Imokilly section, 7 acres. Pop., in 1841, of the B. section, 694; of the I. section, 108. Houses in the B. section, 116; in the I. section, 19. See Middleton.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 148

Ballinamona demesne tower near Waterford

Ballinamona · townland · Waterford

A demesne in the parish of Kilbarry, 3 miles south-south-west of Waterford, property of Thomas Carew, Esq. A small rude tower surmounts a hill in the deer park, commanding a brilliant view of the city of Waterford and the Suir.

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BALLINAMONA, a demesne, the property of Thomas Carew, Esq., in the parish ef Kilbarry, 3 miles south-south- west of Waterford, co. Waterford, Munster. A smidl mde tower which surmounts a hill in the deer park, draws the attention of the tourist; and the ground around its site oommands a brilliant view of the city of Waterford, the exulting course of the Suir, and much of the luxuriant and undulated expanse of the counties Waterford, Kilkenny, and Wexford.
BALLINAMONA, a village in the parish of Dunkitt, barony of Ida, oo. Kilkenny, Leinster. Area, 3 acres. Pop., in 1841, 12& Houses 2L

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 148

Ballina's 19-arch bridge across the Shannon

Ballina · town · Tipperary

The village of Ballina in Tipperary stands on the left bank of the Shannon and is connected to the episcopal town of Killaloe by a bridge of 19 arches. It sits on the road from Limerick to Castletown.

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BALLINA, a village on the western border of the parish of Templekelly, of the barony of Owney and Arra, and of co. Tipperary, Munster. It stands on the left bank of the Shannon, and on the road from Limerick to Castletown ; and is connected with the episcopal town of Killaloe, by a bridge of 19 arches across the Shannon. The village gives name to a Roman Catholic parish, in the united dio. of Cashel and Emiv. See Templekelly and Killaloe. Area of the village, 20 acres. Pop., in 1831, 832; in 1841, 774. Houses 105.
BALLINA, a Roman Catholic parish, in the united dio. of Kildare and Leighlin. It is in the barony of Carbery, co. Kildare. Post-town, Johnstown-Bridge, Enheld. See Cadamstown. Ballinabouse, within the district, is the seat of Richard More O Ferrall, Esq. ; and extensive plantations, belonging to that seat, contribute a broad and pleasing feature of relief to an adjoining expanse of flat boggy plain.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 148

Ballina: scenic approaches to the Mayo sea-port town

Ballina · townland · Mayo

Ballina stands on the left bank of the River Moy in Co. Mayo. The text describes several routes of approach, each passing through tracts of bog, moor and semi-wilderness before revealing views of the Atlantic, the Lurgan hills, the uplands of Erris, Nephin mountain, and the cliffs of Benbulben.

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BALLINA, a post, market, and sea-port town, in the parish of Kilmoremoy, and barony of Tyrawley, CO. Mayo, Connaught. It stands on the left bank of the river Moy, 5 mile» south of the point where that stream begins to expand into Killalla bay, 9 miles north of Foxford, 29 miles west-south-west of Sligo, 54 north-west of Tulsk, and 116 from Dublin by way of Bovle and Banada, 118} by way of Longford and Ballaghadireen, and 12(^ by way of Boyle and Ballysadare. On approaching it trom Banada, and clearing the glen of Lough Talt, the traveller gradually opens the dismal waste of bog around the north base of the Lurgan hills ; but on advancing, he descries nearly the whole of the vast expanse of plain from Ballma to Sligo, intersected and wooed along the north by the arms and bosom of the Atlantic ocean, screened on the south by tbo Lurgan hills, overhung on the west by the wild and lofty uplands of Erris, climbing away to the dome of the monarch mountain Nepbin, and both variegated and embellished on the east by fertile, cultivated, and picturesque hills which blend ivith the mural eliffs of Benbulben. The approach by way of Ballaghadireen and Foxford leads almost uniformly through a poor, moorish, dreary country, and offers little relief to the eye till the banks of the Moy are reached in the immediate vicinity of the town. The approach by way of Ballysadare, or from Sligo and Ulster, conducts for a great distance along an alternation of brief fairy ^pots and large sheets of semiwilderness ; but, to adopt the words of Mr. Eraser, *' Within five miles of Hallina, we pass, at about a mile from the road, Cottlestown, the old seat of CoL Kirkwood, and, at two miles, close on the shore, and near the singularly formed and extensive range* of sand hills which are clustered about the mouth of the Moy, are Scurmore and Moy view cottages, the latter the occasional residence of the Hon. Col. Wingfield. The arid sand hills, partially covered with sea-bent, and tenanted only by rabbits and seabirds, while they are highly injurious to the navigation of the Moy, break and diversify its lucid waters, and, from their picturesque outlines, add much to the beauty of Moyview and Scurmore, and several other villas along this part of the coast. * * As we approach Ballina, the aspect of the country improves, the extensive plantations of Belleek Manor, the seat of Col. Knox Gore, crowning the left bankjt of the Moy, and emlio^^oming his modern beautiful Elizabethan mansion ; Belleek-castle, the residence of Edward Ilowley, E»q., which tops the Knoll overhanging the river; the Moy, one of the finest of our rivers, with its ample and picturesque tributary, the Bunree, ru>hing over its rocky bed ; the spacious bridges, with their broad avenues ; the town rising, on the opi>osite banks of the river, with Nephin, tho mo&t gigantic of our mountains, — are all seen in succession, and fully recompense us for the bleak unwooded bcene we have ju^t traversed.'*

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 147

The Parliamentary gazetteer of Ireland

The stories, best first

Ardcollum church built 1766 with Board of First Fruits grant

Ardcroney church built 1824 with First Fruits grant

Ardstraw parish landscapes & seats, Co. Tyrone

Ardtrea parish landscape and Spring Hill mansion

Ashford, Lord Oranmore's seat at Lough Corrib

Attymass parish landscape of bog, mountain and lakes

Ballinasloe as the great mart for sheep and black cattle

Ballycommon bog: extent and character

Ballycrenane castle and its families

Ballygarth parish and its seats

Ballymacward church repaired with tower addition

Ballymagarvey demesne and Balrath hamlet

Ballyshannon harbour's canal potential

Bandon's six-arch bridge across the river

Bangor Castle seat of the Earl of Bangor

Belfast–Armagh railway open to Lurgan by 1841

Bog of Allen described as a dismal chaos

Church built at Annagh parish near Tralee in 1818

Cistercian abbey at Abbeyshruel founded by O'Terrall

Connemara mountains between Lough Corrib and the sea

Dublin Bay's beauty and Kingstown harbour

Four round towers of Antrim at Antrim, Trummery, Armoy, and Ram's Island

Glendalough lakes and architectural ruins

Grant of castle and lake of Ballymoreloughseudy in 1635

Killala Bay shipping toward Ballina

Lead mines of Glenmalure, County Wicklow

Lough Conn and Mount Nephin

Lough Key gemmed with beautiful islands

Malin Head latitude and position

Millstone grit and coal district near Drumquin

Monavullagh Mountains range in County Waterford

O'Hierleys' castle ruin at Ballyvourney

Primate Bolton's market-house, a ruin by 1800

Roman Catholic chapel built at Arklow in 1616

Round Tower Ruin at Ardpatrick

Slieve League and the Teelin coast cliffs

Slievemargy or Castle-Comer mountains between Barrow and Nore

Southern mountains of Mayo: Murrisk and Slieve-Partree

Steam and river craft navigation at Athlone

The romantic glen and lakes of the Oarra

Trinity College Dublin founded and opened

Valentia Island's compact position

Abbeymahon parish on Courtmacsherry Bay, Co. Cork

Aghadoe House or Meenisk mansion

Aghalee church built in reign of Charles II

Aghalee village on the Lurgan to Coleraine road

Aghalurcher parish and Upper Lough Erne landscape

Anaclone parish near Banbridge, Co. Down

Annamult parish near Mount Juliet demesne

Ardcavan peninsula and Castle-Bridge

Ardee House and Ruxton family demesne

Ardfert church serves as both parochial and cathedral

Ardglass church built circa 1500

Ardgroom creek and village on Kenmare estuary

Ardrahan church built in 1809

Ashfield bog belt near Castleblakeney

Ballinacurra port of Middleton on Cork Harbour

Ballinamona demesne tower near Waterford

Ballina's 19-arch bridge across the Shannon

Ballina: scenic approaches to the Mayo sea-port town