Name: The Parliamentary gazetteer of Ireland
Author: Anonymous

Mardyke promenade with elms

The Mardyke is a fine old promenade in the insular division of Cork, now shaded by rows of imposing elms. It runs in a straight and mutually parallel line with the splendid new western approach to the city.

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The middle or insular division of the city measures a little upwards of a statute mile from east to west, by about 2 J furlongi in mean breadth ; and over very nearly all its length, it compactly occupies the island from mar^n to mar^n of the encincturing streams. But the uland diminishes almost to a point at the east end, and has room at that extremity for only the custom-house and its appendages ; and, in the portion which extends west of the town, it has a mean breailth of only about 1 4 furlong, and is traversed from end to end in straight and mutoallv parallel lines by the splendid new western approach to the city, and the fine old promenade of Mardyke, — the latter now shaded by rows of imposing elms. Great George-street, a spacious and finely edificed thoroughfare, 2| furlongs in length, forms the communication between nearly the centre of the businesa part of the town, or from the Granil Parade acrosa South Main-street, to the new western approach ; and it has also occasioned a renewal, to Mardyke and the vicinity of the Mansion- House, of the general public resort which the narrowness and disagreeableneta of the previoiu lines of communication had occasioned to be greatly diminished. A section of town north of this street, and west of the Main strceta, and measuring nearly 2j^ by 1^ furlongs, continues to consist almost wholly of a dense packing of numeroua lanes and alleys, oriental in their narrowness and Spanish in their filth. The North and South Maia streets— 'the representatives of the whale of the ori*
622

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Marino villa and its admired Casino

near Marino · townland · Dublin

The noble villa of Marino, with its admired Casino, stands at a short distance from Clontarf on the road to Dublin. It was a noted landmark in the environs of the metropolis.

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At a short distance from the town, on the road to* Dublin , is the nol)le villa of Marino, with its admired Cassino. See Marimo In the vicinity of
the town stands a building, substantial, capacious, and of some architectural pretension, which was occupied till of late as a royal charter school, but is now converted into private dwellings. It was opened in 1749 for 100 boys ; and was ornamented with a fine portico and pillars, and with a tower and a

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 219

Maritime approach to Cobh (Cove Town)

Cobh · municipal district · Cork

The channel through Cork Harbour leads past Spike Island towards the anchorage at Cove Town (modern Cobh). The tide runs strongly here, and the town sits on the north shore of the harbour.

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^ite V>ok\ Nose.) from which a fl^t of Hand extend:! loO fathoms south. A white buoy \* placed on the ed^'e of the bank off Fort Camden ; another white buoy about ) mile further in, on the east side of the Spike Sand ; and a third, of the Mime colour, off the east side of Spike Inland. There are also 3 black buoys on the side opposite, on the edge of the sand. Above these, at the entrance of the east pa-i-iai^e, are also the Ke^i^ BuoyA of the quarantine ground. Having pa<<(ed the Narrowis, which is al>out 450 fathoms ovi*r, the channel continues that width on a north by vA^t and north-ea.Ht direction, between the white buoys on the west, and black buoys on the east side, to the anchorage east of Spike Island, on >an(l V ground ; thence it leads upwards, narrowing round the beacons on the ground extending 80uth-ea<t from Ilaulbowline Inland, dose in to Cove Town on the north shore. Here the tide run> 2 or li knots: it is high water on the full and eliauge at liaif-paHt 4, and the tide rises from 8 to 18 feet. Large sliip-i going in at or near low water, niii-t be careful to avoid the Harbour Rock, which lies a little within the Stag Rocks on the ea>t Mde witli a red buoy on it ; it bears* north by west J went from Roche's Tower, nearly ^ a mile, and has \o feet on it at low water spring-tides. About \ of a mile north •* ea»'t from the Harbour Rock lies the south end of the Turbot Bank, extending thence north-west, and which has on its shoalest part, the north end, in common tides, but 10 feet water. This bank lies with the Red Clitf to the westward of Spike Island, in a line with the extremity of Ram Point ; it has a black buoy placed on it. There are goo<l channels for the largest ships on both >i(ie>, but the eastern one is generally preferred. To avoid the Shoals on the east i^ide, keep within two cables' length of the eastern shore; or rather bring the lower part of the white wall, which stands to the southward of the fort upon Hog's No^e, o.M, or under the west bastion of that tort. To f;o to the westward of the Harbour Rock and Turbot Bank, keep tlie fort on Dog's Nose, open to the westwanl ot the lower part of the white wall above-mentioned ; or when without the harbour, bring and keep a village, which appears on a hill upon Great Island, over some pine trees, touching the point of Dog's Nose, bearing north 38 degrees east, which will lead clear of all dangers on that side. To go between the Shoals, keep the dag— talfin the fort of Dog's No<e, on, or over, the lower part of the white wall. To avoid the Harbour Rock on the south Kide, keep the Crow Rocjf on with Poor Head. The Turl)ot Bank may be Hvoide<i by keeping nearer to the east than to the west side of the entrance. Between the Harbour Rock and the east point are 5 or 6 fathoms; between the Harbour Rock and Turbot Bank are 6 uiid 7 fathoms; and )>etween the bank and the western >hore are 5 and G fathoms at low water. About a mile south-east by east ^ cast from Haulbowluie Island, extends the Spike Sand, which begins to dry on the north side at half-ebb, md shelters the anchorage at Cove. On this bank are 2 |)erche>, one on the east end, and the other on the vdf^e of the north side, opposite to Cove. In going from Doif's No^e tor the Cove, keep Dog's Nose Point south by we^t | west; or steer right for the ci^tirnniost part of the fort on the north shore, l>etween the black ami white buoys, to avoid a flat which extends in some jmrts a mile from the east shore, and aUo a rock that lies to the westward of Tork Beg, which appears at half-ebb. The best pince for larire s^hips t<» anchor is off the garrison, in I mm h to d fathoms. Mrrchant ships may ride off the l\n\', .h smoother water and less tide ; they may go

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Marlborough's siege of Cork, 1690

Cork · city · Cork · 1690

In the revolution of 1688, Cork supported James II and sustained a three-day siege. Marlborough commanded on alternate days with the Duke of Wirtemberg; after a breach was made in the wall, the garrison of about 4,500 surrendered. The Duke of Grafton was killed.

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led to a dispute between the two generals as to the command, — Wirtemberg claiming it as a prince, aod Marlborough as the senior officer, — and which dispute ended in an adjustment that thev should tiyninanil on alternate days. Maiiborough, baring eommaodcd on the first and third days of ue li^t obtuned the credit of taking the city. As a muitary exploit, it was one of no great difficulty: but in a rw^Htfifl view was important, and the achievement at the time was proportionably magnified for party purposes." The English and Dutch, after a breach was made ia the wall, waded through the river to the depth of their shoulders, and posted themselves under an embankment of the marsh, which served as a eouatefscarp to the wall. They here lost the Duke. of Grafton, natural son of Charles II., and ware still exposed in some degree to the fire of the ^ and when preparations were now made for a | assault, the garrison, about 4*500 strong, sou parley, and surrendered themseltes prisoners of i Cork ceased, with this event, to nrare in anlitary history ; and thenceforth it has acqmrwd vary Dcariy the whole of its importance from the i '
ness of its position as a sea-port, and the CBtcrprisi and industry of its citizens as traders.— Sir Rloaid Boyle, who had been made Baron Boyle of Toim|U in 1616, was created Eari of Cork and ViaeoHl Dungarvon in 16*20 ; Richard, the second Bliri« wm created successively, in 1644and 166S, Baron CUflM. and Earl of Burlington in the peerage of Enriand; John, the fifth Earl of Cork, suocee&d his Uimbhi Richard, in 1753, and was previoudy fifth Btfl of Orrery ; and smce his acoession» the two avldows have been uniformly united. Four aooa of the frii Earl of Cork, besides Riduutl who i

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Marlfield seat of John Bagwell

Marlfield · townland · Tipperary

The seat of John Bagwell, principal proprietor of Clonmel, located on the left bank of the Suir on the road to Cork. The mansion commands a full view of some of the finest scenes in the parish.

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the villas of Haywood, OlencoRnor, and Sonniwrville, the residences respectively of Mr. Ry«U* Mr. Bagwell, and Mr. Bnulshaw. At 2 mile* from the town on the road to Cahir, is Barn, the handsome mansion of Stephen Moore, E^q. ; and at 4 miles on the same road, is Woodroffe, the extensively wooded demesne of Win. Perry, "Esq. Qa the road to Thurles are Rathronan-houae, and Daiw ling-hill, the seats respectively of Sir Hugh Gough, Hart., and Baron Pennefather. Below the town, at from 2 to 4 miles, are Newtown, the aeat of the Osborne family ; Tickencore, the site of a fomer seat of that family ; the interesting and prolong mountain ravine of Glen-Patrick ; and the extennfe woods of Gurteen, where a superb mansion was commenced several years ago, but not completed. On the road to Cork, and on the left bank of the Suir, is Marlfield, the seat of John Bagwell, Esq., the principal proprietor of the town ; this mansion commands a full view of some of the finest scenei/ in the parish ; and the boldly rising hills, and loof reaches of wood-clad banks of the river oonnectM with its demesne, constitute pleasant close scenes along the road, and contribute largely to the general landscape of the valley. About 3 milea from the town on the same road, and on an eztensire, planted, natural terrace, stands Knocklefty, the seat of Earl Donoughmore, — a plain low structure, commandinf a charming prospect of highly embellished risii^ grounds, and surrounded bv an extensive demesne wliich contains some venerable and conspicuous specimens of aged forest trees. Opposite Knocklofty, and on the right bank of the Suir, stands Kilmanahan Castle, the seat of Nuttall Greene, Esq., — a castellated mansion on a delightful site, and grouping with picturesque effect in a series of views obtained from the public road. Many of the objects we have noticed are within the parish, and ethen are in its immediate environs; yet, as seen in oar faint and incomplete etching, tney utterly &jl la represent to the imagination the aggregate* hautj and splendour which smile and sparkle upon the fiur face of the parochial surface.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 216

Mayor John Walters hanged for Perkin Warbeck plot

Cork · city · Cork · 1491–1499

During the reign of Henry VII, the mayor of Cork, John Walters, abetted the pretensions of Perkin Warbeck to the throne. Walters was hanged for treason and the city was temporarily deprived of its charter.

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resistance ; its whole liie being lo tborouglily i manded by adjacent rising grounds, that no effort* of fortification could render it capable of long f ustaining the assault of cannon. ** Duriug- the reicn of Henry VI L" — we adopt the sunnnmrj sketch of a lively writer — ** Cork was destined to achieve a fiital notoriety : the mayor, John Walters, having abetted the pretensions of Perkin Warbeck to the throne, was hanged for treason, and the city was for a time deprived of its charter. \Vhile the contest continued between the Crown and the Parliament, Cork generally remained firm to the cause of monarchs, but succumbed to Oliver Cromwell, who, during a brief visit, ordered the church-bella to be converted to tlie purposes of his army ; and is said to have answered a remonstrance on the subject, by faeetioosly neoMirking, that * since gunpowder was invented by a priest, he thought the best use for bells would be to promote them into canons.' The city was early to declaring for the restoration of Charles IL ; and it is a singular fact that the king was proclaimed there eleven days before the proclamation was nude ia London. In the revolution of 1688 it supported the cause of James, and sustained a siege of three days' duration ; remarkable chiefly an having laid the foon* dation of the future fame and fortune of the bero of Blenheim. After an unsucceisful effort to redoee Limerick, William III. had returned to England; and Marlborough, anxious to diitinguisb himself, was appointed to the command of an expeditioa far Ireland — it is believed through the influenee of tlM Princess Anne's party ; by whom the necessity wm urged of securing Cork and Kiniale, which were open to receive troops and lupplies for the support of the army of James IL William, although be could not well refuse his sanction to the i
expedition, is said to have viewed it with a jcali eye, and to have caused, what is asserted to be, the unnecessary co-operation of the Duke of Wirteai-

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

McMahon's relief attempt rebuffed at Charlemont

near Charlemont · village · Armagh · 1689–1690

During the siege of Charlemont, an officer named McMahon led 500 men through the besiegers and reached the fort walls with provisions. Governor Teague O'Regan accepted the supplies but refused to admit the soldiers, ordering them to fight their way back.

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CHARLEMONT, a market-town, and formerly a parliamentary boroujgh, in the above parish, stands on the right bank of the Blackwater, and on the road from Armagh to Dungannon, 4f miles southeast by south of Dungannon, 5\ north-north-west of Armagh, and 67 ( north by west of Dublin. The post and market town of Moy, so immediately adjoins it as to be separated topographically only by the river, and politically by being in a different county; and, for all economical purposes, it is strictly one town with Cbarlemont, and the more important section of their joint mass: see Mot. A neat new stone-bridge carries the thoroughfare across the river. The Ulster canal passes close to the town ; and is expected to occasion a stimulus to trade. A weekly market is held on Saturday ; and fairs are held on May 12, Aug. 16, and Nov. 12. The castle or fort of Cbarlemont is a place of considerable military strength, crowning an eminence on the margin of the Blackwater, a little below the bridge ; and it is maintained in repair, and used as the ordnance depot and head-quarters of the artillery of the north of Ireland, and is usually occupied by two companies of artillery, amounting, with wives and children and other parties, to a population of about 300. This strength was formerly of great importance on account of its commanding the passage of the Blackwater, and checking the turbulencies of the O'Neills of Tyrone. ** During the brief contest between William and James, the governor was a brave officer, named Teague O'Regan. Schomberg summoned the fort, and received for answer, that * he was an old rogue, and should not have it ;' to which the Dutchman sent a reply, * that he would very soon give the governor better cause for anger.' The fortress was extremely strong ; it occupied the summit of a hill which commanded a very important pass, and overlooked the Blackwater ; it was surrounded by a morass, and approachable only by two narrow causeways. Its possession was very necessary to Schomberg, and he determined to * get it by some means or other ;' but finding the garrison and the governor resolute to keep him out, and knowing that he had to do with brave and experienced soldiers, he ' sat <!owri ' quietly before the fort, to wait until famine had done the work for him. And this ensued at length ; the gallant old governor capitulated * on his own terait«,' and marched out with all the honours of war. An anecdote is recorded which exhibits the stern and re>olute character of the old soldier. An attempt wai^ made to relieve the garrison ; an officer named McMahon, at the head of 500 men, gallantly made his way through the besiegers, and reached the walU of the fort. Teague O'Regan, however, had men enough for his purpose ; he accepted the supply of provisiions McMahon had brought, but obstinately retii^i'd to admit his soldiers, inasmuch as they would speedily consume the food they had conveyed, and render their enterprise worse than useless. He bade them, therefore, fight their way back again. But old Schomberg, who was alive to the move-

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 206

Mew Island passage used by Donaghadee fishermen

Mew Island · townland · Down

Mew Island consists of low pasture land nearly cut into islets by marine indentations. The narrow, dangerous passage between it and Cross Island serves as a frequent retreat for Donaghadee fishermen who fish in the sound for cod and pollock.

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lumber boats ; but Mr. Nimmo recoromended to the Fishery Board artificial improvements upon them which he estimated would co»t respectively £3(30 and £-273 12*. The foUowhig account of the econ^ omy ot* the island, written almost exactly a century ago, is intere>«titig,. and exhibits a very early instance of the exclusive and ruinous dependence upon fuci for manure, whieh has since become so general over all the Irii>h seaboard : ** It produces plenty of oats, barley, pease, and beans, being fertilized by an inexhauiitible fund of tbe alga marina or sea-wreck, which is cast up every tide. From this manure, they have three successive crops, one of barley, and two of oats. They have no fences in the island ; but to preserve their corn from trespasses, they fold their cattle within enclosures raised of sods, and let them out to graze at proper seasons, and watch and hurd them, as it is here called. The island is likewise remark.Hble for a very large breed of tame poultry, as geese, turkeys, and hens, as also with seafowl, UH the gull and pyrmaw, who build in the rocks, and hatch vant quantities of young ones. Nor is it deftcient in exceeding good fat beef and mutton ; and aboujids with springs, and fresh water; and has a tolerable good slate quarry in it." The pop. about 10 years ago was 75.— A long ledge of rocks runs out from the west end of Big Island, hears the name of Kaddy-Kame, or Ketty-kerne, and is the site of a small stone beacon. About half-a-mile uorth*ea>t of the isl.tnd lie several rocks called the Pladdies, which render the navigation of the sound between Big and Cross Ulands unsafe for strangers; \et that t>ouri<l, though swept by a rapid tide, is otherwise thoroughly practicable, and has a depth of from 7 to '24 fathoms.— Cross or Lighthouse Island lies rather less than a mile north-north-ea<t of Big Island; comprises about SO acres of arable land; and has a coast-line of about a mile in circurofereiHV. A lighthouse upon it is a sq^uare tower, 7 feet thick in the waits, and 70 feet high to tbe lanteni ; its light is distinctly seen at Portpatrick and the Mull ut Galloway in Scotland ; and the expen- <{iture connected with it, during 1840, amounted to £()0o Is. lOd. A perennial spring bursts from a rock on Cross Island, at a point about 60 feet at>ove the level of the sea. — Mew Island lies alK>ut 10 perdies south-east of Cross Island ; contains 7 or 8 ai-res of low pa>ture land; and is deeply peninsulated, or nearly cut into a series of iblets or skerries, by three sets of small marine indentations. Tbe narrow passage between it and Cross Island, though only 10 perches long, and though swept by a rapid tide, and dungerottsly interspersed with rocks, is the frequent retreat, sometimes to the number of 30 yawls at once, of the Donaghadee fishermen, who fish in the sound between Cross and Big Islands for cod and pollock. A great tide, commonly called the tide of Stranygore, and occasioned from a collision of tidal curreiits from the North Channel and from Belfast l..ough, runs off from the eastern extremity of the Copeland Inlands, to the north-east and tbe Mull of Galloway.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Military road from Cruagh to Aughavanagh in Dublin Mountains

Cruagh · townland · Dublin

Cruagh parish, situated in the Dublin mountains south of the city, contains the demesne of Killakee, property of Samuel White, Esq., whose vantage-grounds command brilliant views toward the metropolis. A military road to Aughavanagh begins here, extending 32 miles through a solitary mountainous route.

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lin. Leinster. Length, 2 miles; breadth, U ; area, 4,4G0 acres. Pop., in 1831, 1,216; in 1841, 979. Houses 154. The whole surface consiftts of a section of the southern Dublin mountains; yet is diversified by low grounds and practicable declivities, which are vuriously disposed in demesnes, villa-plots, and cornfields. Several spots within the demesne of Killakee, the property of Samuel White, E«»q., ab well as various other vantage-grounds in the parish, command brilliant views of the luxuriant and picturesque country lying toward the metropolis. Here begins the military road to Aughavanagh, extending 32 miles hence, in a solitary mountainous route, and now seldom travelled except by tourists and the local upland farmers. — This parish is a rectory, and part of the benefice of Tallaoht [which see], in the (iio. of Dublin. Tithe composition, £181 17s. 5d. In 1834, the Protestants amounted to 135, and the Konian Catholics to l.Oifi. •
CRUAGHMORE, a hill, a little west of the village of Hullintoy, barony of Carey, co. Antrim, Ulster. \U summit exhibits a specimen of the columnar basalt which flings an aspect of so great romance over a large part of the north coast of the countv.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Mineral springs at Lisdoonvarna

Lisdoonvarna · townland · Clare

Chalybeate mineral springs are numerous across the region, with the most famous for their medicinal properties located at Lisdoonvarna, Scool, and Cloneen near Lemenagh Castle.

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receives a considerable affluent from the barony of Tulla; and falls into the north-east extremity of the estuary of the Fergus. The Blackwater rises in Tulla, and has a course of about 6 miles southward to the Shannon, a little above Limerick. The Clareen rises in the barony of Inlands ; and, after a very devious course of 10 or II miles, falls into the Fergus a little north of Ennis. A stream of about 16 miles in length of course, rises on the west side of Mount Callan ; forms Lough Dulogh; runs chiefly southward in a line parallel with the coast ; and then proceeds westward to the Atlantic at the head of Dunbeg bay. A stream rises near the source of the Clareen, in the barony of Islands ; and runs about 8 miles southward to the Shannon, at the head of Clonderalaw bay. The Innistymon or Forsett river rises on the south side, and circles round the east side of Mount Callan; divides for 2 miles the baronies of Ibrickane and Islands ; runs across Inchiquin, and between that barony and Corcomroe; falls over a very lart^e ledge of rocks at Innistymon ; careers thence into the head of Liscanor bay, forming a very dangerous passage at high water ; and has altogether a length of course of about 16 or 17 miles. The Bow rises a little east of Lough Terroig, has most of its course on the boundary with Galway, and falls into Lough Derg, U mile north-east of Scariff. Very many rivulets and brooks traverse almost every part of the county, except the barony of Burren ; but they generally take their names from the villages or other mo^t remarkable localities which they wash, and, in consequence, are changeful in designation, and not very distinctly known to topography. Lakes and loughlets are so numerous, that upwards of 100 figure in topographical nomenclature ; and several, such as those of Granev, O'Grady, Tedane, Inchiquin, Clooidea, and Inishcronan, are of considerable sixe. Turloughs, as in Galway, are numerous ; they are temporary or periodical lakes, formed either by the accumulation of surface-water, or the forcing U|» of subterranean water by the flow of high absorbed rills; and they usually present an alternation of winter-lake, and rich summer meadow. Mineral springs, chiefly chalybeate, are numerous ; the prin« cipal, or those whose medicinal properties have, in any degree, become known to local or more general fame, are at Lisdounvarna, — at Scool, in Inchiquin, — at Cloneen, about a mile north-west of Lemenaghcastle, — at Kilkisshen, — and at Cassino, near Milltown -Malbay.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 207

Mint established in Carlingford by parliamentary act

Carlingford · town · Louth · 1467–1596

A mint was established in Carlingford by act of parliament in 1467, underscoring the town's importance in medieval Irish administration. In 1596, Henry Oge, son-in-law of O'Neill of Tyrone, attempted to surprise its castle.

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probably a borough by prescription; and it htJi charters from Edward IL. Henry IV., Henrr VIL, Elizabeth, James I., and James il. Its limits extended about 2 miles up, and If mile down, the bay, and from the summit-lme of the mountaini bebtnd, down to the edge of the water. The corporation, according to charter, was styled, " The Sovereign, Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Town and Borough of Carlingford ;" and consisted of a sovereign, 12 burgesses, and an unlimited number of freemen. The burgesses, in order that they might concentrate in themselves the parliamentary franchise, very sparingly admitted freemen ; they, in their turn, became the mere tools of Col. Ross and Mr. Moore s Col. Ross sold his "interest" to the Marquis of Downshire; and, when the franchise vras extinguished by the Legislative Union, the Blarquis of Downshire and the guardians of Mr. R. B. Moore, ^en a minor, divided between them the £15,000 <^ compensation. The Marquis of Anglesey is lord of the manor. Extensive landed property belonging to the borough — the commons of which ak>ne amounted, according to the Down Survey, to 1 ,231 acres— appears to have been for the roost part lost by nsurpation, or by the corporation's neglect; yet a portion of the commons remains ; and, m 1838, the enclosing of this was "desired, even by some of those who had encroached upon it, as they would prefer paying a moderate rent and having theur title aexnowledged, to living in constant apprehension of bein^ ejeeted." — In 1467* a mint was established in Carhngford by act of parliament ; in 1596, Henry Oge, the son-inlaw of O'Niell of Tyrone, endeavoured to 8ur|>rise its castle ; in 1642, the town suffered mudi injury from fire, by the adherents of Bir Phelim (^JNielt and was taken possession of by Sir Henry Fishbum; in 1649 and 1650, the castle surrendered to Lord Inchiquin, and was delivered to Sir Charles Cooto and Col. Venables ; in 1669, the town was fired by some of the Duke ef Berwick's party, and became the asylum of some of Schomberg s sick soldiers ; in 1750> Thurot resided in the town, and while herc^ acquired his knowledge of the English language. Area of the town, 53 acres. Pop., in 1631, 1,319$ in 1641, 1,110. Houses 230. Families emf^yed chiefly in agriculture, 44; in manufactures and trade, 144; in other pursuits, 52. Families dependent chiefljT on property and professions, 13; on the directing of labour, 84; on their own manual labour, 121 ; on means not specified, 22.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 185

Miraculous triumph of Virgin's image over Bishop Babington

near Coleraine · town · Derry · 1611

In 1611, a miraculous triumph of the Virgin's image over the English (or Scottish) Bishop Brutus Babington and all his attendants was recorded at the Monastery of the Bann. The story is recounted in the Hibernia Dominicana.

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that, in 1171, the church of Coleraine "ahbey/* in common with several other churches, was plundered by Manus MacDunlave A monastery, situated to the west of the town, and called the Monastery of the Bann, was dedicated to the Virgin Mary in 1244, and probably was founded in that year, but \s alleged by a crowd of careless copyists to have been founded in the 5th century by the noble family of the O'Cahans, or by the ^ucKvelins. In 1484, this monastery was remodelled by the Dominican order ; and, in 1644, it was erected into an university by the general council of Rome. " Whoever chooses to dip further into the monastic history of this place," sa^s Mr. Sampson, ** may consult the Hibernia Dominicana: he will there find, among other thingji, a recital concerning t miraculous triumph of the Virgin's image over the English, or rather Scottish Bishop, Brutus Babington, and all his attendants, in 1611. Father Burke records, from his own observation, that, in 1751, after diligent inquiry, he could find but few traces of this church and convent. The farms belonging to this convent \vere surrendered to the Commissioners of King James I., and by him granted to the London Society. The last prior was Shane O'Boyle. It appears to have been a very eminent foundation, and is recorded to have sent forth two bishops, two authors, and eight martyrs."

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 228

Modern cathedral built by Archbishop Agar

Cashel · town · Tipperary · 1740–1760

The modern cathedral and parish church of Cashel stands 200 yards south of the Rock summit in an open area surrounded by streets. It was erected about the middle of the 18th century by Archbishop Agar and features a plain but lofty spire.

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The modem cathedral and parish-church of Cashel it situated in an open area, surrounded by streets, TOO yards south of the summit of the Rock. It was erected, about the middle of last century, by Arch« bishop Agar ; and is an elegant structure, surmounted by a plain but lofty spire. — The archiepiseopal palace is a spacious and plain yet respectable man* sioR, surrounded with very fine gardens which extend to the Rock's base. '* All that can delight the senses,'* says Mr. Inglis, **is here. Parterres of lovely flowers and rare shrubs; velvet lawns; secluded walks, rich in odours ; and, above the fine screen of holly and laburnum, and lilac, and copperbeech, and laurel, tower the Rock and the magnificent ruin that covers it. There is a private way through his lordship's grounds ; in order that, unol^- served by his numerous flock, he may retire to this solemn spot, and meditate on the insufficiency of earthly enjoyments." But under the new hierarchical arrangement, which destroys the archiepiscopate of Cashel, and unites all the four sees ot Cashel, Emlv, Waterford, and Lismore, Cashel palace will be abandoned, and the palace of Waterford will be the residence of the diocesan. A public library, attached to the palace, contains some valuable manuscripts.— The new Roman Catholic chapel is a very spacious edifice, and occupies most of the site of the Franciscan abbey. — A small barrack for infantry contains accommodation for two companies — The court-houses are a good feature in the town's architecture.— The market-house is a pleasing structure, but has been almost wholly alienated from its proper use ; and its lower story is held by a tenant-at-wilL The bridewell or district prison was, two or three years ago, characterixed by neglect, bad arrangement, and the want of due classification; but an alteration vras proposed which would ** convert it into a very compact, good bridewell, with effective yards, day-rooms, and cells, and good separation for men and women ;** and the Report for 1841, sue dnctly represents it as "in good order, and well reguJated.** — The infirmary, the fever hospital, and the workhouse, will be noticed in next section.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 200

Monastery of St. Domangard at Carnsore Point

near Carnsore Point · promontory · Wexford

A monastery is alleged to have been built at the seaward base of Carnsore Point by a St. Domangard. In its vicinity is Ballyhire, the seat of Mr. Edwards.

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C ARNSORE POINT, a headland in the parish of Carne, barony of Forth, co. Wexford, Leinster. It forms the south-eastern extremity of the mainland of the kingdom. It was called by Ptolemy, Hieron, or the Sacred Promontory ; and anciently bore the names also of Salanga and Slieve-na-Domangaird. A monastery is alleged to have been built at its seaward base by a St. Domangard. In its vicinity is Ballyhire, the scat of Mr. Edwards.
CARNTEEL. See Carrenteel.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 191

Mountain Burren above Castlebar parish

Burren · townland · Mayo

Mountain Burren is situated on the northern frontier of the parish of Castlebar (Aglish) in County Mayo, with an altitude of 1,299 feet. The parish surface consists of roughly half tillage-ground and half mountain-pasture and bog.

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Pop., in 1831, 12.111; in 1841, 10,464 Houiea 1.737. Pop. of the rural districts, in 1831, 5,738;. in 1841,5,327. Houses 968. The surface possesses much beauty, and consists about one-half of tillageground, and one-half of mountain-pasture, and diversifiedly-featured bog ; but we reserve a view of its mansions, its scenic character, and its blending with mountain-perspective beyond its own limits, to a brief notice of the town's environs. — The mountain Burren is situated on the northern frontier, and has an altitude of 1,299 feet. The principal small lakes are Salleen, Rusheen, Mack, Naspheenagb, and Mallart, — the last situated on the western border, a little north of Castlebar Lough, and possessing a surface-elevation above sea-level of 125 feet. The chief hamlets are Clonkeen, Rush-hill, Bleau* bog, Kilnageer, and Richmond — This parish is a rectory in the dia of Tuam. Tithe composition, £175 7s. S^d. The rectories of Aglish, Bbeaft, Drumranet, Islandeadt, Kildscamooub, and TuRLOUGH [see these articles], constitute the benefice of Castlebar. Length, 17 miles ; breadth, 15^. Pop., in 1831, 22,672. Gross income, £822 13s. Id.; nett, £064 18s. lid. Patron, tbe diocesan. The incumbent holds also the benefice of Rathronan in the dio. of Limerick, and is non-resident. Two curates have each a stipend of £75; and one of them receives also the surplice fees, amounting ta £5w The perpetual curacy of Turlough has been erected within the union. Castlebar church was built in 1825, at the cost of £2,400, borrowed from tbe late Board of First Fruits. Sittings 450; attendance, about 300, exclusive of military. Castlebar Roman Catholic chapel has an attendance of 5,000 ; and, in the Roman Catholic parochial arrangement, is united to the chapel of Ballyhane. Islandeady and Olanisland Roman Catholic chapels are attended by respectively, from 1,000 to 1,200, and from 600 to 700; and, in the Roman Catholic parochial arrangement, are mutually united. A Wesleyan Methodist meeting-house has an attendance of from 100 to 200. Di 1834, the parishioners of Aglish consisted of 1^23 Churchmen, 5 Presbyterians, 5 other Protestant dissenters, and 11,594 Roman Catholics; the inbabitants of the union, exclusive of those in the perpetual civracy of Turlough, consisted of 1 ,246 Protestants, uid 23,157 Roman Catholics; and 22 daily scbools in the union, excluding Turlough, had on their books 1,000 boys and 636 girls. Fourteen of the schools were in Aglish ; and of these, one was a National school at Clonkeen, aided with £8 a-year from the Board, and 5 were free-schools in Castlebar, — one for boys, sufv ported by £20 from the rector, public subscnptions, and an annual charity sermon, — another for boys, supported chiefly by the National Board, and partly by subscription, — one for girls, supported by tbe London and Ladies' London Hibernian Societies, and by the rector and the public, — another for girls, su|>- ported chiefly by the National Board, and partly by subscription, — a third for girls, supported wholly by subscription.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 203

Mountains and lakes of Burrishoole parish

Burrishoole · parish · Mayo

Burrishoole parish contains notable mountain summits including Bengorin (1,912 feet), Nephin-Beg (2,005 feet), Glenamona (2,009 feet), Gorranabonna (2,343 feet), and Claggan (1,599 feet). Loughs Feeagh and Furnace lie wholly in the interior and nearly form one lake.

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BURRISHOOLE, a maritime parish, on the mainland of the barony of Burrishoole, co. Mayo, Connaught. It contams the town of Newport : which see. Length, westward, 12 miles; breadth, from half-a-mile to 8^ miles; area, 55,239 acres, 2 roods, 4 perches, — of which 1,903 acres, 2 roods, 36 perches, are fresh water. Pop., in 1831, 11,761 ; in 1841, 11,942. Houses 2,116. Pop. of the rural districts, in 1831, 10,526; in 1841, 10,851. Houses 1,9*10. The surface, with the exception of islands, extends round the north-west and north parts of (.Hew bay ; is drained, to a large extent, by the Beltra rivulet ; possesses great natural beauty in the environs of Newport, and on the shores of the bay : but generally is a high, rocky country, now consisting of boggy, heath-clad, or bare mountains, and now of conoidal hills interspersed with reclaimed hollows, and so grouped and dressed as to appear a grey and russet tumulated wilderness. See Clew, Newport, and Beltra. The water area consists of 26 acres, 3 roods, 20 perches, in Lough Beltra, 1,036 acres, 2 roods, 12 perches, in Lough Feeagh, 426 acres, 25 perches, in Lough Furnace, and 314 acres, 19 perches, in small lakes. Lough Beltra protrudes only a very tiny portion of its area within the eastern boundary [see Beltra]; but Loughs Feeagh and Furnace lie wholly in the interior, from 1} mile north-west to 4J miles north-north-west of Newport, — they very nearly form one lake, being mutually separated by only a very brief run of stream, — and they lie respectively 14 and 11 feet above the level of high water in Clew bay. The principal mountain-summits, with their respective altitudes, are, on the eastern boundary, Mount- KHgle, 1,390 feet,— in the interior, Bengorin. 1,912 ftit, — on the north-western boundary, Nephin-Beg, 2,0<)5 tVer, — and on the western lK>undary, Glenamomi, 2,0()9 feet, Gorranabonna, 2,343 feet, and Clag- ^an, \;lo{j feet. Newport-house, the seat of Sir i.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 181

Mountains of Clonca parish in Inishowen

Clonca · townland · Donegal

The parish of Clonca in Inishowen contains two notable mountains, Knockbrack and Knockaniemca, which form the only very high ground in the area. These mountains are covered with black heath and a considerable quantity of coarse grass.

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rL()N('H.\, or Clonca, a parish at the northern ♦•xtreinity of the barony of Innishowen, of co. Londoinierry, of l'l>ter, and of Ireland. It includes Malin H(>ad, and extends south-eastward thence, partly Itetween the Atlantic and the bay of Strabre- K.ich, and partly between sections of the parish of (\il(!arr. till it falls upon the north-east coast of the barony. Length, 13 miles; breadth, from J to 4 ; area, i{).r>43 acres, 18 perches, — of which 21 acres, 1 rood, '21 p^Tcbes are water. Pop., in 1831, 6,082; in 1>*4 1 , r..77H. HotiJ^es 1,110. The villages are Ballt* (;t)KMAS and Mali.n* : which see. The mansions are Malin Hall, R. Harvey, E«q., and Goorey, J. Har* V('\, K>q. Strabregagh bay is the only harbour. See STK.inRKUAi;H. The coast on each side of the rntrance of thi> bay is very rocky; and from Strabrc;:a;;h to Co<jlort, and again from Malin Well to tilenpul. it exhibits a series of picturesque precipices. 1^.NM.»TKAiirL [^ve that article] lies about 2 leagues ea-t ot Malin Head, and has a lighthouse. The tides near Malin Head, and in the Sound of Ennistrahul, are rapid. Two mountains, called Knockbrack and Knockaniei'.a, are the only very high ground in the I ari'li, and are covered with black heath and an in- <-on^i<itrable quantity of ctmrse grass. Bogs are nnnierou^ : the largest is that of Templemoyle. { AhoMt one. half of the whole area is bog and upland; tl.i- other half cunoi<>ts for the most part of poor land; ■ JIM.! -rarrrly a >pot is decorated with either plantaiioii or coppice. Linie«>tone forming part of a vein \\\.ir\\ eviends from CuldafT to Cashelf abounds at

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 211

Mount Leinster and Blackstairs Mountains described

near Mount Leinster · mountain or mountain range · Carlow

The Mount Leinster and Blackstairs mountains are described as bold, lofty, and sable-hued, occupying about 16 miles in length along the south-eastern border of County Carlow. They form a prominent upland landscape feature of the county.

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Surface.'] — The Comer mountains and their eastern offsets occupy about one-half of the snxill section, measuring 8 miles by 3^, which lies west of the Barrow; and the Mount Leinster and Blackstnirs mountains, bold, lofty, and of a sable hue, occupy a space of about 16 miles in length, and probably 2^ in mean breadth, along the south-eastern border. All the remainder of the surface may be regarded us a wing of the great central plain of Ireland, and is either flat or gently undulated. The general aspect of the county is soft, yet agreeable, partaking little of the forcible and imposing character which belongs to so many sections of the kingdom, free at the same time from the profusion of harsh features which so frequently mar the effect of Irish landscape, and possessing so close a resemblance to the champaign, ornate, agricultural districts of central England, that an English traveller who passes through the county is constantly reminded of the equable but grateful scenery, the calm and soft-faced prettiness of territorial view to which his mind has been accustomed.
Waters.'] — The river Barrow bounds the west side of the county for 5} miles ; passes for 8 miles over the neck of a large westerly projection ; and then flows 12 miles longer on the western boundary; and, throughout its connection with the county it is navigable, and offers an aqueous path for traffic, both southward to the Atlantic and north -eastward to the Irish sea. See Barrow. The Slaney has a course of about 15 miles, chiefly southward, within the interior; and runs about 1^ mile on the eastern boundary. The Deereen, an aflSuent of the Slaney, has most of its course in the interior and on the boundary; and the Burren, an aflliuent of the Barrow, has the whole of its course in the interior. See Dee- RKKN and BuRBEN. The other streams are all inconsiderable, and mostly indigenous. Very nearly three fourths of the county lie within the basin of the Barrow, and the remainder lies within that of the Slaney.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 186

Mr. Coote's improved estate at Cootehill

Cootehill · town · Cavan

Mr. Coote's grounds around the lakes and along the Cootehill rivulet were cited as exceptions to Cavan's agricultural decline, showing artificial embellishment and enterprising improvement.

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them to do this, as they are compelled to have some land to protect them from absolute starvation. The produce of fair arable land is, — of wheat, 79 barrels of 20 stones ; oats 8 to 10 barrels ; potatoes, 40 barrels of 48 stones : the prices about the same as in Fermanagh. The land is mostly cultivated with the spade ; a man with 16 acres did not plough any of it, having 10 or 12 acres in crop. The plough, when used, is frequently a rude instrument made by the fiirmer himself. Burning the land is partially practised, but is discouraged. • • • • The cattle generally kept by farmers are of the Irish breed, which they think best adapted to the country. About Kilmore, a number of Devons are seen in the bishop's grounds, which have also been introduced a little into the neighbourhood ; a few of the Lanarkshire Long-boms may be seen. Very few sheep are kept ; the farmers say their land is too wet for them, and their fences are bad ; but they would be very profitable in many places in the barony where not kept at all. The neglected state of these baronies is much to be regretted, having such ample natural means by fall for drainage, stone-lime, marl, and bog ; and a soil, if drained, capable of bearing good wheat, barley, clover, turnips, and other green crops." This gloomy and revolting description does not, of course, apply to every part of the county, or even to every part of the baronies of Loughtee ; nor must it be understood as asserting that no landlords encourage agriculture, or that the few who form honourable exceptions to the general rule have made spiritless or unimportant exertions ; vet, with all its sableness of colouring, it altogether fails to exhibit the barbarous and appalling condition of the upland and mere sequestered districts of the county, — regions where scarcely a crop is attempted except potatoes and a kind of black oats, — where no better an instrument of tillage is generally in use than a narrow-bladed spade, called a slog, — where the almost total absence oif roads compels the prevailing use of the slide car, — and where the miserable tenantry exist in penary, degradation, abasement, and ignorance, probably quite as ^at as the serfs of many a district in the worst regions of fevdaliied Europe during the middle ages. Yet many patches, and even belts, and expanses of the county disalay a vigour of soil, a luxiu nance of produce, a pronision of artificial embellish* ment, ano even results of nascent and enterprising georgica! improvement, which might almost cheat a stranger into the opinion that the whole county is prosperous. The grounds of Lord Famham, near KJlleshandra and Cavan, those of Mr. Coote around the lakes and along the stream of the Cootehill rivulet, and various lands near Railieborough, around Virginia, and in other localities, must very markedly be excepted from the denunciation which sound principles of economy fulminate against the great majority of the estates of the county ; and bad» even to barbarousness, though many of the prevailiag practices be, they are those of a people who must be aggregately pronounced industrious and improving, and who may almost certainly be expected to rise soon from their sloth, and learn with eagerness the lessons of amelioration which are so abundantly taeght them by the example of multitudes of their fellow-aubjects.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 206

Multi-coloured steeple of St. Anne's, Shandon

near Shandon · locality · Cork

The conspicuous church steeple of St. Anne's, or Upper Shandon, in Cork was built with red stone on one side and grey stone on the other three, contributing to the city's picturesque architectural discord.

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Kilkenny, abundance of wretched hovels are in the lanes and yards of the city." Nearly all ths new and the altered streets are either eligibly wide or airily spacious; but the old atreets and ths numerous alleys are at once confinedp crowded, sad filthy. One miserable alley, not more than 10 InI in width, exhibits, in its name of BroaiUlaac, a memorial of how contracted and aqueeaed mait have been the cluster of ancient atreeta wma^ which it was pre-eminent for breadth. The pi& turesque irregularity, noticed by Mr. IrigliSk in thi style, height, and size of houses, is eooaidcnhly heightened by whimsical diversity in their eolaar. ** The stone used for building in the northern sahurbs," rennarks Mr. Croker, " is of a reddiah bmw^ and in the southern, of a cold grey tint. One odt of the most conspicuous church steeple, that of 8t Anne's or Upper Shandon, has been actually buQl with red stone, and the other three with II Add to this opposition of colours, houses ; with deep blue and purple slates, aa a _ from the weather, — some built entirely of red brUf — others stained with a dark yellow waahg— end a idea of the harmony, or rather diseord, may he formed. Few cities, therefore, are more falTMMlrt than Cork, to impress a traveller with an opinien if the independent feeling of its inhabitanta." About 22 years ago, the aggregate ara by the streets and lanes of the dty was a by actual measurement to be 000,530 aqn or about 124 acres. At presenti the <
c

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Municipal division of Cork city and county

Cork · city · Cork · 1831

Since 1831, the county of the city of Cork was divided into a civic portion, constituting the borough of Cork under municipal jurisdiction, and a rural portion, constituting the barony of Cork under regular baronial jurisdiction.

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Orrery and Kilinore, 2 prelendariei, 10 whole par« i:^}ies, aiirl part of 5 parinhes ; and the county of the rity ofCurk, with 9 whole parinhet, and part of 10 pari>))c<*. The baronies round the circumference or un the borders of the county, named from the northwc^t round by the east and iK>uth, lie in the following order, — Duballow, on the north-west; Orrery and Kibnore, and Fermoy, on the north; Condons and (Mangibbon, on the north-east; Kinnataloon, on the eaot ; Imokilly, on the south-east; Kerrycurrihy, K inhale, Courceyn, Ibane and Barryroe, and the Carberys, on the ^outh; Bantry and Bere, on the southwest ; and West Muskerry, on the west. The other or central baronies, occur in the following order from we^t to ea^t. East Muftkerry, Kinnalmeaky, Barretto, Kinnalea, and Barrymore. — Since 1831, a nnrnber ot ini{K>rtant alterations have been made on both the baronial and the parochial divi^ons. Various e(Tle>iasticaI parishes, which did not appear in the (VhHiix of 1831, or were then treated as subdenoininatioTis of civil parishes, are now treated in all re-pects as possessed of parochial status. The county of the city of Cork has been divided into a civio portion and a rural one, — the former constituting the borough of Cork, and placed under municipal juri«!irtion, and the latter constituting the barony ot Cork, and placed under the same jurisdiction as the other baronies of the county. Various transferences ol territory from barony to barony have been made, with the view of rendering each of the baronies compact ; and these transferences, together with notices of the population, in 1841, of the districts traiinferred, are the following: — Ten townlunds ot Kilrneen parish in Magonihy, co. Kerry, to Duhallow, pop. 1,355; two townlands of Drisbane in Magonihy, co. Kerry, to West Muakerry, pop. .'>S() : one townland of Hackmys in Small County, CO. Limerick, to Orrery and Kilmore, pop. 25; one townland of Imphrick in Fermoy to Orrery and Kilmore, pop. 191 ; six to wnlands of Castle- Magner in Oirery and Kilmore to Duhaliow, pop. 806; one townland of Baliyhay in Orrery and Kilmore to Fermoy, pop. 95; all Ardskeagh, one townland of Kilqniirie, one of Kildorrery, and three of Killathv in i'oiidons and (^langibbon to Fermoy, pop. 854 ; three townlands of Clondulane in Fermoy to Condons and riangibbon, pop. l.'K); six townlands of Moume Abbey in Ka^t Muakerry to Barretts, pop. 1,070; eleven townlands of Whitechurch in Fermoy to Barretts, pop. (i9(>; fourteen townlands of DunbuHoge and three ot Whitechurch in East Muskerry to Bar- T\ more, pop. *2.G(>4 ; all Coole in Kinnataloon to Barrymore, pop. '2i^i ; one townland of Dungouniey and two of (iarranekennetick in Imokilly to Barrymore, pop. 52*2 ; one townland of Titeskin, one of Aghada, and one of Corkbeg in Barrymore, to Imokilly, pop. 810; all Inni^calla, all Corbally, five townlands of I)onaghn)ore, five of Magourney, three of Aglish, five of Carrigrohanebeg, four of Carrigrohane, one of St. Nichold**, four of Athnowen, twelve of Kiliiaglory, three of Innihkenny, and oneof Desertmore, in H.irrett^. to East Muskerry, pop 9,811 ; one townland ot Knockerilly in Kinnalea to East Muakerry. pop V4 ; one townland of Bal1yroo<lan in Kiniialmeaky to the east division of East Carbery, [M.p. 'X\ ; three townlands of Templetrine in Courceys to the east (iivi>ion of East Carberv, pop. 264; and four townlands of Cahiragh in the west division | ot We*t Carbery to the eaj<t division of West Car- . bcry, pop. <>.'ll. — The towns of the county are Cork, ' Bantry, Waterirrass-Hill, Cove, Rathcormack, Ban- j don.Cloirhnakilty. Dunmanway, Rosscarberry, Skib- ' bereen. Castletownsend, Mitchellstown, Fermoy, ' Kit worth. Kanturk, Newmarket, Cantletownrocbe, Dofieraile, (jlaiitworth, Mallow, Timoleague, Cloyiie,

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Munster Blackwater scenery rivals Rhine and Danube

Lismore · town · Waterford

The scenery along the Munster Blackwater from Cappoquin to Youghal is described as unsurpassed by any foreign river descent, combining deep shades, bold rocks, verdant slopes, and magnificent houses with pleasure-grounds. Notable picturesque spots below Mallow include Ballinatra, Strancally, Drumanna, and above all Lismore.

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The sirbject of the Black water's scenery is so rich that it might fill and embellish a whole volume, and so joyously stimulating that, were we but to sip it, we should write, currenle calamo, far beyond our limits. We are bound, besides, to exhibit its views seriatim in our notices of all its most interesting reaches ; and shall therefore merely drop a hint or two, and copy a brief extract. The scenery, down to nearly the influx of the Allua, or 10 miles above Mallow, is grandly arwl, at times, wildly upland ; it afterwards combines nearly all the elements, both natural and artificial, of pictorial romance ; it next intermixes lusciousne«s and beauty and exquisite ornamenting with reduced but still striking features of boldness ; it eventually subs'tdes into comparative repose, sublimely foiled by the distant perspective of the Galtee mountains; and it finally passes off to the sea in a mixture of rocky asperity with richness and fertility. Good subjects for the portfolio occur at almost every bend below Mallow; and among the best may be named those at Ballinatra, Strancally, Drumanna, but above all, at Lismore. '* We have had descents of the Danube,** says Mr. Inglis, *"* and descents of the Rhine and of the Rhone, and of many other rivers, but we have not in print, so far as I know, any descent of the Black water ; and yet with all these descents of foreign rivers in my recollection, I think the descent of the Blaekwater not surpassed by any of them. A detail of all that is seen gliding down the Blackwater, from Cappoquin to Youghal, would fill a long chapter. There is every combination that can be produced by the elements that enter the picturesque and the beautiful — deep shades, bold rocks, verdant slopes, with the triumphs ef art superadded and made visible, in magnificent houses and beautiful villas, with their decorated lawns and pleasure* grounds.**

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 179

Murder of Gerald, the Poet Earl of Desmond, near Castle-Connell

Castleconnell · town · Limerick · 1397

Gerald, the fourth Earl of Desmond, known as the Poet, was reportedly murdered in the vicinity of the town in 1397. The area around Castle Connell is thus associated with this violent episode in the Desmond dynastic history.

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1397, Gerald, fourth Earl of Desmond, commonly called the Poet, is said to have been murdered in the vicinity of the town ; and, in 1583, Gerald, the 16th Eurl of Desmond, while in rebellion against the Crown, was slain by a common soldier, in the wood of Glanckinty, about a mile from the town. In the reign of James I., Castle- Island gave the title of Baron to the family of Herbert ; and, in 1720, it gave that of Viscount to Sir Thomas Gage. A grant of lands around the town was made by Queen Elizabeth, out of the forfeited estates of the last Earl of i

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 205

Murder of William de Burgh in Belfast Castle, 1333

near Belfast · city · Antrim · 1333

In 1333, rebellious English murdered William de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, in Belfast Castle, and invited the native Irish from beyond the Bann to their assistance. The Clan-Hugh-Boye sept of the O'Neills subsequently took possession of the castle and wielded its strength under their toparchical rule.

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History.'] — The name Belfast is a corruption of the words Beala-fearsaidh, signifying, in a free translation, *the town of the ford or ferry at the river's mouth.' The ford in the Lagan, to which the name alludes, was an important pass in the rude and tumultuous history of early times. Though the town itself is modern, its site is known in ancient history, and was called successively Beala-fearsaidh and Le Ford by the English and the Normans. A castle was naturally erected for controlling the pass across the river ; and, though not fixed to any date by existing historical record, is supposed, from antiquarian deduction, to have been built bv the celebrated John de Courcey, or some of bis followers. This castle was inferior in strength to that of Carrickfergus, and was held in conjunction with it, and as a subordinate strength, by the English. Edward Bruce, in bis expedition of 1315, is supposed to have found the castle in existence, and to have plundered and destroyed it ; and the notice of the havoc be worked in its vicinity is regarded by some as the earliest historical notice of Belfast In 1333, the rebellious English murdered William de Burgb, Earl of Ulster, in the castle ; and invited the native Irish to their assistance from beyond the Bann, whither they bad been driven by the invaders from England. The chiefs of the Irish septs, with their barbarian followers, now poured down upon the northern border of the English Pale, and almost annihilated whatever civilization had been introduced; and that sept of the O'Neills, who were known as the Clan-Hugh- Boye, and from whom the corrupted name of Claneboye is retained in the modem topographical nomenclature of part of Downshire, took possession of the castle of Belfast, and wielded its strength in subordination to the feudal purposes of their toparchical rule. During the subsequent times, when the assured English Pale extended no £srther north than to Drogheda, and the castle of Carrickfergus was the only English strength north of the Newry mountain::, the castle of Belfast frequently exchanged

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 176

Named churches of Clonmacnoise: Temple Righ, O'Conor, Kelly, Finian

Clonmacnoise · townland · Offaly

Archdall records the named churches founded by princes at Clonmacnoise, including Temple Righ (Melaghlin's Church) built by O'Melaghlin King of Meath and still the burial-place of that family, Temple O'Conor built by O'Conor Don, Temple Kelly, Temple Finian built by MacCarthy More of Munster, Temple Hurpan, Temple Kteran, Temple Quane, Temple Doulin the parish-church, and Temple MacDermott.

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The ruins at Clonmacnoise are of Tarioas dates, from probably the earliest period of stone architecture in Ireland down to about the close of the 12th century, or in one or two instances considerably later. They consist of two pillar towers, the fragments of two monasteries, the remains of various churches, cells, and chapels, some monumental crosses, and the ghastly and lumpish vestige of a palatial or episcopal castle ; but, excepting the towers, one of the churches, two of the crosses, and one or two inconsiderable fragments, they have been reduced to nearly un amorphous and rubbishy mass ; and, even when they were entire, they appear to have been aggregately so plain and occasionally rude in architecture as to afford little incentive to description. The churches, or piles which have been dignified by that name, were erected by princes and chieftains principally if not solely as places of sepulture ; and, with probably no more than one exception, they were small, clumsy, shabby structures^mere rough-built cells. Archdall, who could not lose so ample an occasion of displaying the magniloquence of his antiquarianism, says, ** The several founders named these churches as follows: Temple Righ, or Melaghlin's Church, built by O'Melaghlin, King of Meath, and to this day it is the burying-place of that family ; 'J'cmple O'Conor, built by O'Conor Don; Temple Kelly ; Temple Finian or MacCarthy, built by Mac- Cart hy More of Muiister ; Temple Hurpan, or Mac- Laffy's Church ; Temple Kteran; Temple Ouanev; Temple Doulin, which is now the parish-church; and Temple MacDermott." The great field of ruins owes nearly all the picturesque effect which it posse«ises to the two pillar-towers ; it expands in such a sheet of architectural desolation, as oppresses the observer on even a near view with the idea of monotony, and gloom, and utter ruin ; and, when examined in detail, it presents comparatively few objects of either architecture, sculpture, or historical association, with which a chaste mind can be gratified.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 214

Narrow-Water Castle and Demesne

Narrow Water · townland · Down

A fine old castle, a beautiful mansion, and an exquisite demesne exist at Narrow-Water within the parish of Clonallon, on the Newry river. These are noted as striking objects of interest in the vicinity of Rosstrevor.

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1831, 6.202: in 1841, C,o53. Houecs 1,306. The rurface briefly impinged upon the upper part of Carlingford bay, and extends for a little distance along the Newry river at the demesne of Narrow- Water, but is excluded from contact with the intermediate navigation by the small parish of Warrenpoint ; it ascends right northward up)on the western of^^(e^t of the ^lourne mountains ; it comprises a considerable proportion of upland, part of which is wholly unprofitable ; it contains neither bog, lake, nor other water than mere rills ; and, in its arable portions, it consists, in the aggregate, of good land. The road from Newry to Kiikeel touches the shore; a road to Eightmile-Bridge and Castlewellan, strikes off to the northeast ; and the various land and water facilities of communication enjoyed by Warrenpoint are common to a large part of the rural districts. The shores of the bay or tidal river present a series of rich landscapes, and blend, immediately beyond the eastern boundary, with the gorgeous scenery around RossTREVOR : see that article. A fine old castle, a beautiful mansion, an exquisite demesne, and other objects of interest, will be noticed under the word Narrow- Water : which see. The extensive and beautiful demesne of Clonallon-house, possessed by the Rev. John Davis as Chancellor of Dromore, is both one of the richest glebes in the province, and one of the most striking objects of artificial improvement in the vicinity of Ro^strevor This parish is

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 210

National Board schools across Belfast streets and suburbs, 1840

near Belfast · city · Antrim · 1840

In 1840 the National Board operated schools on Donegal-street, Frederick-street, Castle-street, May-street, Fountain-street, and Townsend-street in Belfast, as well as mixed schools in Malone, Edenderry, Springfield, Legoniel, and Upper Falls. The Board also granted £149 toward building and fitting up boys' and girls' schools at Cave Hill.

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returned as dally schools, was the Belfast Royal Academical Institution; one was the Belfast Academy; one was the Academy kept bv the Rev. Dr. Orolly ; one was the Brown-street school, supported by salaries of aggregately £117 from subscription ; one was the Poor-house school, salaried with £25 to the master, and £20 to the mistress ; two were National schools, supported with respectively £60 and £70 from the Board, and £74 and £20 from subscription; one was the parish-church school, wholly supported by voluntary contributions; one was a free-school, whose master and mistress had salaries of respectively £40 and £30 ; one was the deaf and dumb school, aided with £4 a-year from the Committee ; one was a London Hibernian Society's school ; one was a London Hibernian Ladies' Society's school ; one was an infant-school ; one was a drawing-school ; 5 were classical schools ; 15 were boarding schools, chiefly for young ladies, and with day classes ; and the remainder were miscellaneous elementary schools, supported wholly by fees. In 1840, the National Beard had male and female schools in Donegal-street and Frederick-street ; female schools in Castle-street and May-street ; an infant-school in Frederick-street ; and mixed schools in Fountainstreet, Townsend-street, Malone, Edenderry, Springfield, Ligioniel, and Upper Falls ; and they granted £149 toward the building and fitting up of a boys' school and a girls' school at Cave-HilL

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 166

National School grant at Cross

Cross · townland · Cavan · 1838

In 1838, the National Board granted £160 toward the erection and furnishing of a school at Cross. This contributed to the development of educational infrastructure in the area.

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Oroits inrome, £499 158. 9)d. ; nett, £413 Ui. 3d. Patron, the diocesan. Though the benefice ii called a rectory, two-thirdi of the tithes of certain denominations, compounded for ^18 9*. 2Jd., are appropriated to the prebend of Killybegs ; and the whole of the tithes on the property of Sir Richard O'Donnel, Bart., comprising about one-fourth of the parish, are impropriate in Sir Richard. The church was built, in 1813, by means of a loan of £590 15t. 44(1. from the late Board of First Fruits. Sittings 150 : attendance, from 40 to 60. The Roman Catholic chapel has two officiates, and an attendance of from 1,400 to 1.500. Another Roman Catholic place of meetinf^, variously a private house and the open air according to the state of the weather, b at Carranomona, and has an attendance of 500; and, in the Roman Catholic parochial arrangement, it is united to the chapels of Fairhill, Finny, and Maam, in the parish of Ross. In 1834, the Protestants amounted to 108, and the Roman Catholics to 8,880; 2 hedge-schools had an average attendance of 43 children; and 8 other daily schools ba<l on their books 284 boys and 207 girls. Two of the schools, at Carrokeel, the one for boys and the other for girls, were salaried the former with £8, and the latter with £6 from the National Board ; one at Nymphsfield glebe was entirely supported by the rector; one at Funchau^h had some advantages from Mr. D'Arcy ; one for girls at Ballymagibhon was wholly supported by Mr. Finn ; one for boys at Bally magibbon was aided with £\0 a-vear and a house from Mr. Finn; and the other •chools at Cong and Cregdotty were supported wholly by fees. In 1838, the National Board granted £160 toward the erecting and furnishing of t school at Cross.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 229

Natural dock and fishery at Clogher Head, Louth

near Clogher Head · promontory · Louth

A little cove in the rocky cliff on the north side of Clogher Head forms a dock, chiefly natural and partly excavated, affording shelter from all winds except the north-east. It accommodated seven smacks and twenty row-boats engaged in fishing.

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CLOGHER. or Kilclogiter. a parish, containing a village of the same name, on the east coast of the barony of Ferrard, 5 miles north-east of Drogheda, CO. Louth, Leinster. Length, 2i miles; breadth, 1 mile, 3 furlongs ; area, l,W)l acres. I^)p , in 1831, l.3»2; in 1841, 1,37L Houses 247. The land throughout the parish is in general very good. Clogher- Head, on the coa^t, is the most easterly ground in the county ; it is situated in 53° 47' N. lat.. and 6° 12' W. long. ; it has rocky and precipitous escarpments ; and, though rising only 181 feet above sea-level, it forms a striking object as seen from the adjoining flat sandy beach. A little cove in the rocky cliff on the north side of the headland, forms a dock, chiefly natural and partly excavated ; it has an area of only about 1 1 perches by 4 at high water; it is entered by a passage onlv 20 feet wide, and is all dry at low water ; it afFunls shelter from all winds except the north-east ; and, a few years ago, it had 7 smacks, of from 25> to 40 tons each, and 20 row-boats, exclusively ci»gaged in fishing, and was also much frequented by the fishing-boats of other stations. Its artificial works cost £336 to government and £10 to W. Brabazon, Esq. ; it is incapable of enlargement or any material improvement ; and so incommodious is it for the community of fishermen connected with it, that, in frequent instances, 8 or 0 men go a-fishing in a yawl, who would gladly, if there were harbour- room, substitute a wherry. At St. Denis' Well, about half-a-mile to the west, are some ruins of an incomplete pier built about a century ago ; and here a harbour could be constructed, of 6 or 8 acres in area, of at least 12 feet in depth at high water, and fitted to serve as a safety-harbour for vessels in southerly storms, for an expense of about £2.316. The village of Clogher stands at the cove on the north side of Clogher- Head. It is a straggling place; but possesses comparative importance, both from its fishery, and from tbe resort to it as sea-bathing quarters of the middle-classes of some inland parts of Louth and Meath. Area, 28 acres. Pop., in IKH, 592; in 1841, 841. Houses 156. Families employed chiefly in agriculture, 29; in manufactures and trade, 99 ; in other pursuits, .33. Families dependent chiefly on property and profe^*- sions, I ; on the directing of labour, 27 ; on their own manual labour, 120; on means not specified, 13. — CloKher parish is a rectory, and part of the benefice of Tkrmonfeckan [which see], in the dio. of Armagh. Tithe composition, £98. Current story or legend asserts that the early or perhaps original church of the parish was a monastic one, presided over by Nectan. the nephew of St Patrick. How many nephews had 8t. Patrick ? and were they all abbots? In 1834, the Protestants of the parish amounted to 28, and the Roman Catholics to 1,220; and 3 daily schools — one of which was salaried with £10 from the National Hoard, and one with £4 from Cant. Haiifield — bail on their books 96 boys and 22 girls.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 210

Natural History and Philosophical Society house

near Belfast · city · Antrim · 1830

The house of the Natural History and Philosophical Society of Belfast is an edifice founded in 1830 on the north side of College-square. Built at a cost of £2,300, it contains a museum of Irish antiquities, works of art, and various specimens.

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The house of the Natural History and Philosophical Society of Belfast is a handsome and very convenient ediiice, founded in 1830, situated on the north side of College-square, and built at the cost ef £2,300 ; and it contains a valuable and extensive mu<teum of Irish antiquities^ works of art, aiinerals,
f[>s$ils, and zoological and botanical spednsens The

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 171

New bank branches in Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1825

Branch offices of the Bank of Ireland and the Provincial Bank were established in Cork in 1825, followed by branches of the National and Agricultural and Commercial banks.

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80.000 tons for exportation, 82,,W0 tons of af^ricultiir.il proilure for local ron«umption a^ food, 15,000 tori«» of atrrirulturHl produce for the use of brewcric* and (ii<«ti]l('rie<, l.2(M) toiift of exciseahle and shop iirtij'lf* not n'ccivi'd by direct importation, and 82. jiM) ton-* of stone, lime, turf, &c. ; and in carriafr^ from I Ik* town, to T'i.^'OO tons of imports, 12,600 torjx of the produce of breweries and distilleries, and .M.UK) toiiH of cohIs, manure, &c. The exports, in iHJo, wore e-timuted in value at j£2.909,846; and Xhv imports at X'2.7.5I,nft4. The chief items in the e\|)ort'4 were £2,019,846 worth of provisions, X:J72.a34 of corn, meal, and flour, £263,162 of swine. t\j(),I<)0 of linen, £42,360 of cows and oxen, £;JS.US5 of spirits £31,000 of eprff*. £11.310 of sheep. £10,058 of feathers, £10,707 of wine, and £7.7J>.) of beer ; and the chief items in the imports Wire t'SS,0,287 of cotton and woollen manufactures, £J7i,(MH) of haberdashery and apparel. £120,356 of lji(.e-, £ I()3,2<)1 of coals culm, and cinden*, £88,529 of' foniirn sufrar, £67,160 of jrlass and earthenware, £(il.;i7.> of tea, £5.3.281 of British refined suf^r, £43.(y^) of wrouf?ht-irun and hardwares, £22,399 of hop-, 1*21.588 of unwrouffht iron, £17,0*22 of wine, £16,755 of leather, £15,693 of tobacco, £15,573 of herrin^rs and other fi^h, £ 1 1 ,790 of stones and slates, £ I 1 ,7('0 of indi^ro, £1 1, 196 of oak bark for tanners, .t 10,830 of salt, £10.090 of wool, woollen yam, linen yarn, and cotton yarn, £9,790 of unwroujrht copper an! brass, £6.9.30 of un wrought lead, £6,8(i3 u( tallow, and £5,950 of coffee. The amount of customs collected in the Cork district, in 1835, was £2I<;,44(), ami. in 1841, was £212.047. The amount of ex(i«.e duties collected in Cork district, in 1835, was .t'252,452. The tiumber of rejn«tered vessels beloiitinir, in 18:^, to the port of Cork, including: Yodu'lial, Kinsale. and intermediate places, was 328 ot ai.'irr('t:ately 21,514 tons. The number of vessels ill Cork Ilailioiir, in that year, was outM'ard to f«»rri.:ii ports l41 of 27,571 tons, inward from fore i^n port- l()7 of 30,191 tons, outward coastwise 1.422 of 1oS.7j;7 ton-, inward coastwise 1,844 of 235.912 ton-. Steani-vesseU constantly ply between Cork Harbour and Dublin, and other places, and between the City of Cork and Cove. Under an act of parliament of 1 (ieort'e IV., the port and harbour were very greatly improved, as well as afterwards kept in order, by a body of special commissioners ; and under a new act of the legislature, passed 5 or 6 \ears u^m), ^'reat a<iditional improvements, such as were expected to produce a considerable extension of commerce, were projected. The receipts and disbur-cmetits of the Harbour Commissioners for the year endifjg 4th August, 1830, were respectively 17.H72 9s. 3d.. an<l £8,;i88. The cargoes of large inereliant-vcssels are unloaded at Passage, and taken up to the city in lighters — Branch-offices of the liank of Ireland and the Provincial Bank were e-tabli-lied in 1825; an<i branch-offices of the National Bank and tiie Agricultural and Commercial ]> ink. in 1K^5. The public conveyances by land, in \>X), were 3 coaches and a car to Bandon, a mailcoaeli to Hantry, a coach to Charleville, a cnr to i'lok'hnakiity, 2 maiI-co:iches to Dublin, a coach to FiTinoy. two cars to Kanturk, a car to Kilkenny, « ear to Killarney, a mail-coach to Kinsale, a mailcoach and a ear to Limerick, a coach to Macroom, H < oaj'h to Mallow, a car to Mill-street, a caravan to M:telielUtown, a car to Ratlikealc, a coach to Tipp<>raiy, a mail-coach and a car to Tralee, and a mailco.n'h and a ear to Waterford.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Newberry mansion: Harberton seat watered by the Boyne

Newberry · street · Kildare

Newberry, the spacious and handsome mansion formerly occupied by Lord Harberton and now the seat of Edward Woolstenholme, stands near Castlecarbery castle in the midst of a long-neglected demesne. The demesne is watered by the river Boyne immediately after its emergence from morasses of the Bog of Allen.

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surname of Wesley as heir to his first coosm,' ww created a pier by the title of Baron Mornington. See Dangan. In 1747. Arthur Pomeroy, Esq., married Mary, the daughter of Henry Colley, Esq. ; and, in 1783 and* 1791, he was created successively Baron Harberton of Carbery and Viscount Harberton. Newberry, the spacious and handsome mansion formerly occupied by Lord Harberton, but now the seat of Edward Woolstenholme, Esq., stands near the castle, in the midst of a long-neglected demesne which is watered l>y the Boyne immediately after its debouch from some morasses of the Bog of Allen. A dispensary in the village is within the Edenderry Poor-law union, and serves for a district of 27*060 acres, with a population of 4,252 ; and, in 1839-40, it expended £53 lis. 3Ad., and administercd to 364 patients. Fairs are held on May 26, an^ Oct. 2. The principal hamlet, next to the village of
Castle -Carbery, is Haggard Castle-Carbery parish it

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 204

New Birmingham village built for Killenaule coal mines

New Birmingham · electoral division · Tipperary · 1831–1841

New Birmingham is a village in the parish of Kilcooley, barony of Eliogarty, built by Sir Aubrey Vere, Bart., in subserviency to the Killenaule coal mines. A small prison in the village, noted for its insecurity, was repaired in 1841 under the governor's inspection. Population grew from 298 in 1831 to 315 in 1841.

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BIRMINGHAM (New), a village in the parish of Kilcooley, barony of Suevardagb, co. Tipperary, Munster. It >vas built by Sir Aubrey Vcre, Bart., in subserviency to the Killenaule coal mines. A small prison in the village was remarkable for insecurity and incommodiousness ; but, in 1841, was repaired under the governor's inspection. Area of the village, 27 acres. Pop., in 1831, 298; in 1841, 315. Houses 56.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 177

New Glanmire's curious bolting-mill

near Glanmire · town · Cork

The hamlet of New Glanmire, in the parish of Caherlag, was a long-standing site of a curious bolting-mill and, along with Riverstown on the Glanmire river, served as a seat of factorial industry. The surrounding valley of the Glanmire river was described as a continuous sheet of beauty.

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CAHIRLAG, a parish in the south-west comer of the barony of Barrymore, 6 miles east by north of Cork, CO. Cork, Munster. It contains the village of New Glanmire. See Glanmire. Length, 3 miles; breadth, 1^; area, .3,557 acres. Pop., in 1831, 1,840 ; in 1841, 1,767. Houses 273. Pop. of the rural districts, in 1841, 1,567* Houses 249. The surface is separated from the barony of Cork, on the west, by the Glanmire river ; and from Little Island, on the south, by a belt or sound of Cork Harbour. The whole surface, excepting demesne grounds and woodlands, is arable ; and most of it is prime land. The valley of the Glanmire is a continuous sheet of beauty; and its eastern screen is undulated hillground, whose slopes toward the river are finely embellished with wood. The hamlet of New Glanmire, and the village of Riverstown on the Glanmire river, are, to some extent, seats of factorial industry ; and the former has long been the site of a curious bolting-mill. See Riverstown. Among various mansions which adorn the parish is Dunkittle, the seat of Abraham Morris, Esq., which commands extensive views of the rich circumjacent scenery. The road from Cork to Youghal bisects the parish eastward This parish is a rectory, and part of the
benefice of Rathcoonet [which see], in the dio. of Cork. Tithe composition, £300; glebe, £7. The Roman Catholic chapel has an attendance of 900 ; and, in the Roman Catholic parocliial arrangement, is united to the chapel of Kilquane. In 1634, the parishioners consisted of 217 churchmen, 1 Pres- Dyterian, 17 other Protestant dissenters, and 1,699

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 182

New Montpelier improvements at Carrignafoy

Carrignafoy · townland · Cork

Improvements for the accommodation of strangers were undertaken in the vicinity of Carrignafoy. When completed, these accommodations were intended to receive the name of New Montpelier.

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tive patients, and other classes of invalids. During i 20 da>*8 of August, 1836, no fewer than 20.479 per- 1 sons passed over to Cove by the ferry at Passage ; { while possibly a proportionably Urge number visited , it through the other approaches, particularly down t the river and by way of Foaty. Mr. Windele, in I order to show the comparatively slight variation of temperature which is experienced at Cove, and consequently how preferable a retreat for invalids this place is to some of the boasted localities on the continent of Europe, states, that, in 1833-4, the mean highest and the mean lowest range of the thermometer was in April 53 and 47* in May 63 and 50, in June 63 and 50, in July 70 and 56, \n Nov. 57 and 47( in Dec. 52 and 46, in Jan. 49 and 43, and in Feb. 50 and 43. *' Nothing is wanting to render Cove a most flourishing town," says Mr. Inglis, " but the outlay of some thousand pounds, in the erection of houses for the accommodation of strangers. At present, houses and io<lgings are very scarce and very dear. I inquired the rent of a small furnished house, a mere box, with a few square yards of garden, and found it to be £20 per month. For another, a house of two stories, each story with four windows in front, I was asked UK) guineas for three months. From these prices it is evident that there is no supply ec^ual to the demand, and that £10,000 judiciously laid out, would be very advantageously invested. But nothing is done for the town in this way. Mr. Smith Barry, who is a good resident landlord, and a public -spirited man, is prevented, I believe by certain circumstances, from granting leases : and the other great proprietor. Lord Middletoii, an absentee, either knows nothing, or cares nothing, about Cove and its wants. These are misfortunes for Cove ; for situated as it is, in so beautiful a country, so near to Cork, with a fashionable reputation, and with extraordinary advantages of climate, much might be made ot Cove." Some improvements for the accommodation of strangers have been undertaken in the vicinity at Carrignafoy ; and, when completed, are to receive the name of New Montpelier. There is in the town a small and apparently not very eflficient Loan Fund.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

New navigation channel opened in Belfast Lough

near Belfast Lough · estuary · Antrim · 1840

In 1840, a new straight channel was opened in Belfast Lough to improve access to the quays of Belfast. The cut commenced below the Mile-Water and extended to Dunbar's Dock, avoiding difficult sinuosities of the old channel.

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The Lough is so sheltered from prevailing winds by the heights on the west and the north-west, as almost always to enjov a comparative calm. The pool of Gartroore, 1 mile from Hollywood, nearly 2 from the Antrim shore, and about 4^ from Carrickfergus, affords excellent anchorage ; and vessels can here ride afloat at low water, even within a cable's length of banks which are then dry, and which become covered by the tide. The cud channel from this point to the quays «f Belfast, was winding, intricate, minutelv indicated by buoys, and artificially maintained at 13 feet depth of water by the efforts of the Ballast Board. But, in 1840, a cut or new channel was opened, which, besides being straighter, shorter, and more practicable, avoids two of the most ditricult sinuosities of the old channeL This cut is about a mile in length ; it oommeoces at the reach below the Mile- Water, and extends to the entrance of Dunbar's Dock ; it has a depth of 10 feet at lowwater, and of 21 feet at high-water, of averaffe tides; it was executed by contract, at the cost of £40,000; and it enables vessels drawing 9 feet of water to reach the lower quays in an^ state of even ebb-tide. In 1841, a bill was introduced to parliament to empower the Ballast Board to conduct a series of iaa* provements in continuation of the noble change effected by the new cut; and, amonff the severid measures contemplated, were the widening of the quays of Belfast harbour from Ritchie's Wharf to the site of the old lot\g bridge across the Lagan, the deepening of the channel m front of the present wbarves, and the filling up of private docks at right angles of the river.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 165

New road formed from Ballyconnell toward Enniskillen, 1841

Ballyconnell · town · Cavan · 1841

In 1841, a new road was formed from Ballyconnell toward Enniskillen and Sligo, improving the town's connectivity. Roads from Cavan to Cootehill, Ballybane to Newbliss, and Arvagh toward Longford were also altered the same year.

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the greater part of the crofls-roads are ill-pUnned, and so miserably kept as to be, in some plaoei or seasons, nearly impracticable. The county tufTeyor is officially stated, in a report of 1842, to have inspected the formation of 78 miles of new road since his appointment, and to have 3,000 miles of road under his charge. In 1841, a new road was formed from Ballyconnel toward Enniskillen and Sligo ; and the roads from Cavan to Cootehill, from Ballybane to Newbliss, and from Arvagh toward Longford, were altered. The principal lines of road through the county are 4 in number, and all traverse it in divections between north by west and north-west by north : one enters from the south-east extFcmity, and passes through Kingscourt, Shircock, and Coote.. hill, toward Clones ; the second enters 5^ miles west of the former, passes through Bailieboroii^, and joins the former a little south of Cootehill; the third enters a little east of Lough Ramor, passes through Virginia, Ballyjamesduff, and Cavan, sends off branches to Belturbet and toward Clones, and departs in the direction of Enniskillen; and the fourth enters between Loughs Ramor and Sheelan, passes through Ballynenagh, Killeshandra, and Swanlinbar, and departs to ramify itself toward Enniskillen and Sligo. The only navigation enjoved by the county is down the Erne from Belturbet to Lough Erne, and thence, throi^h the Ulster canal» to the ramified water communications of the northeast of the kingdom. The Dublin and Enniskillen line of railway, as projected by the C^mmissiooers, traverses the county in considerable nearness to the track of the Enniskillen mail-road, — touching Virgiiiia, passing near Ballyjamesduff, and touching the town of Cavan.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 206

New roads near Skibbereen, Clonakilty, Courtmacsherry, Bandon

Skibbereen · town · Cork

New roads had recently been formed in the vicinity of Skibbereen, Clonakilty, Courtmacsherry, and Bandon, improving communications in the southern and western parts of County Cork.

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Commtintca^'ons.]— In 1842, the surveyor for the East Riding of Cork, who was appointed in May 1834, had under his charge 1,904 miles of road, 120 of which were made subsequent to the date of his appointment ; and the surveyor of the West Riding, who was appointed also in 1834, had under his charge 971 miles of road, 143 of which were made subsequent to the date of his appointment. The lines of greatest thoroughfare are those from the city of Cork toward respectively Waterford, Dublin, and Limerick ; and these, in spite of crossing the second and third traversing mountains, and encountering great inequalities of ground, are excellent roads. A new road, estimated to cost £5,000 to the county and j£5,000 from the consolidated fund, was commenced, in 1823, through the centre of the Boggni mountains : and this communication, as compared to the circuitous route which previously existed, saves an inhabitant of the upper valley of the Blackwater, a distance of at least 20 Irish miles in every journey to and from Cork. New roads have, since a recent period, been formed in the vicinity of Skibbereen, Cloghnakilty, Courtmacsherry, and Bandon. In 1829, a road was projected in westerly continuation of the Boggra, to connect Mallow with Castle-Ibland

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

New road through Boggeragh Mountains, 1823

near Boggeragh Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Cork · 1823

A new road was commenced in 1823 through the centre of the Boggeragh Mountains, estimated to cost £5,000 from the county and £5,000 from the consolidated fund. Compared to the previous circuitous route, it saved inhabitants of the upper Blackwater valley at least 20 Irish miles on every journey to and from Cork.

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Commtintca^'ons.]— In 1842, the surveyor for the East Riding of Cork, who was appointed in May 1834, had under his charge 1,904 miles of road, 120 of which were made subsequent to the date of his appointment ; and the surveyor of the West Riding, who was appointed also in 1834, had under his charge 971 miles of road, 143 of which were made subsequent to the date of his appointment. The lines of greatest thoroughfare are those from the city of Cork toward respectively Waterford, Dublin, and Limerick ; and these, in spite of crossing the second and third traversing mountains, and encountering great inequalities of ground, are excellent roads. A new road, estimated to cost £5,000 to the county and j£5,000 from the consolidated fund, was commenced, in 1823, through the centre of the Boggni mountains : and this communication, as compared to the circuitous route which previously existed, saves an inhabitant of the upper valley of the Blackwater, a distance of at least 20 Irish miles in every journey to and from Cork. New roads have, since a recent period, been formed in the vicinity of Skibbereen, Cloghnakilty, Courtmacsherry, and Bandon. In 1829, a road was projected in westerly continuation of the Boggra, to connect Mallow with Castle-Ibland

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

New Roman Catholic chapel in Donegal Street

near Belfast · city · Antrim

A new Roman Catholic chapel situated in Donegal Street, Belfast, served as the cathedral for the Diocese of Down and Connor. The chapel had a very large attendance of between 2,000 and 4,000 people.

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This parish is a vicarage, and a separate benefice, in the dio. of Connor. Vicarial tithe composition, £350; glebe, £114. Gross income, £504; nett, £431 8s. 6d. Patron, the Marquis of DonegaL The rectorial tithes are compounded for £600, and are impropriate in the patron. Two curates are employed, — the senior, at a stipend of £74* and the surplice fees, amounting to £40, — and the junior, at a stipend of £30 from the vicar, and £20 from the senior curate. The parish-church is situated in Donegal-street, Belfast, and known by the name of St. Anne's church ; and it was built in 1784, at the cost of £10,000, the whole of which was paid by the late Marquis of Donegal. Sittings 1,000; attendance, from 800 to 1,000. The perpetual curacy of Upper Falls is within the parish ; iu church, usually called St George's, is in the town ; and its incumbent is the parochial senior curate. See Faulo (Upper). A third place of worship connected with the Establishment is situated in the rear of Belfast Royal Academical Institution ; it was completed in 1833, at the cost of £4,100, of which £2,500 was gifted by the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder was raised by private subscriptions; and it is capable of containing 1,100 free sittings. Attendance, from 300 to upwards of 800. One of the parochial curates officiates every Sabbath morning in the House of Correction. In 1834, there were 11 Presbyterian meeting-houses; that in Fisherwick Place was attended by 1,500; that in South Collegestreet, by 100; that in Dublin Road, by 275; that in Alfred-street, by 225; Dr. Hanna's, by 1,200; Mr. Wilson's, by 300; Dr. Cooke's, by 1,400; Dr. Bryce's, by 150; Mr. Bellis*, by 100; Mr. Bruce's. by 250; and Mr. Porter's, by 400. In 1834, there were 5 meeting-houses of Protestant dissenters, not Presbyterians; the Quakers' was attended by 180; the Independents', by 300; the Methodists', in Torkstreet, by 300; the Methodists', in Rees Court, by 150; and the Methodists', in Donegal-square, by 725. In 1834, there were 4 Roman Catholic chapels : the old chapel was attended by 1^500; the new chapel, by from 2,000 to 4,000; Greencastle chapel, by 175; and Hanastown chapel, by 350. The new chapel, situated in Donegal-street, is regarded as the cathedral of the Roman Catholic dio. of Down and Connor, and, jointly with the old chapel and Greencastle chapel, has 5 officiates ; and the Hanastown chapel is united, in the Roman Catholic parochial arrangement, to the chapels of the parish of Derryaghy. In 1834, the parishioners consisted of 17.942 members and adherents of the EsUblished church, 25,039 Presbvterians, 1,265 other Protestant dissenters, and 22,078 Roman Catholics. In 1834, Christ- church Sunday school had on its books 524 boys and 423 girls; the Roman Catholic Sunday school in Donegal-street had 643 boys and 402 girls ; and 88 daily schoob had 3,587 boys and 2,773 girls. One of the tchooli

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 165

Night Asylum in Poultry Square, Belfast

near Belfast · city · Antrim · 1841

A Night Asylum for the houseless poor was opened in Belfast in 1841. It was located in Poultry Square and provided overnight shelter for the destitute.

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Charitable Jnstiiutionn.'] — The Poor House, in North Queen street, looking down DoneguUstreet, is a neat edifice with extensive wings, and a small but well-formed spire. The institution connected with it was established in 1771, and was three yeavs afterwards incorporated by the title of the Belfast Incorporated Charitable Society. The house waa built at an original cost of between £7,000 and £10,000; the funds so increased as to furnish the chief investments for constructing the water worka of the town ; and the establishment is maintained by means of £750 a-year froao^ the waterworks, tho interest on accumulated donations, and the proceeds of annual subscriptions, amounting jointly to upwards of £2,000. The inmates are children and infirm aged persons, the latter both male and female,, and the former either orphans or deserted children. The old men are employed as handicfaftsmen, and the boys are either instructed in their trades or apprenticed out ; and the girls knit all the stockings used in the house, and, with the assistance of the old women, perform all the white-seam sewing required for the inmates. — A Night Asylum for the houselesa poor was opened in 1841, in Poultry-squar«. — A Society for the suppression of ntendicity, and for furnishing the poor with food and employment, was established in 1806, and supported by penal fines
and voluntary subscriptions A Society for the

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 172

Nimmo's 1814 definition of Connemara district

near Connemara · locality · Galway · 1814

Mr. Nimmo's 1814 account defined Connemara as the region from Killeries to Galway Bay and from Loughs Mask and Corrib to the Atlantic. It was subdivided into Cunnemara Proper, Iar-Connaught, and Joyce-Country.

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CUNNEM.\R A, or Connemara, the most we«tern district of the county of Gal way, Connaught. The Galwegians of both town and county apply the name only to what strangers call Cunnemara Proper, or a distnct nearly identical with the barony of BaU linahinch ; but Mr. Nimmo— whose account of it, published in 1814, is more or less copied in the majority of subsequent descriptions--haA given such currency to a much larger application, that, for the sake of using the information he suppUes, we mn«t follow him in defining Cunnemara to be the whole of the country which extends southward from the Killeries to the bay of Galway, and westward from Loughs Mask and Corrib to the Atlantic. Ito greatest length, in a direction half a point south of westward, is 34^ miles ; its greatest breadth south, ward, is 24^ miles; and its area, as estimated by Mr. Nimmo,' is :350,00f) Irish acres. It is subdivided into Cunnemara Proper, in the west and centre; lar-Connaught, in the south; and Joyce-Country, in the north. Cunnemara etymologically meaiia * the Bays of the Ocean ;' and Cunnemara Proper is bounded by the Atlantic, and hyaline drawn from Killery bay along the mountain-ridge by Maau- Turk to Shannonafola mount^nn, and thence by Lough Ouria to the head of Kilkerran bay ; but, iu a loo«e sense, it is sometimes supposeil to extend to Costello Imy. lar-Connaught, or * Wcnteni Connaught,* extends between Cunnemara Proper and Galway bay, includes on the east about one-half of the barony of Galway, and is elsewhere nearly identical with the Imrony of MoycuUen. Joyce- Country, so called from the prevailing name ot iU inhabitants, is bounded by a line drawn from Shannonafola mountain to the upper part of Lough Corrib, and by the boundary-line thence to the Killeries between the counties of Galway and Mayo; and is nearly identical with the barony of Ross. The population, as estimated by Mr. Nimmo at the date of his report, was about 90,000 ; and waa supposed by him to be dirtributed in the proportion of one-half in Cunnemara Proper, one-thiiil in lar- Connaught, and one- sixth in Joyce- Country. But assuming the three districts to be strictly identical with the baronial divi^iions, and excluding the important because thickly -inhabited portion of lar- Connaught which belongs to the barony and towa of Galway, the population of Cunnemara Proper, in lan, was 28,639,— of lar-Connaught, 25,14U,— of Joyce-Country, S.OS.'S,— of the whole territory, 62,564- More than nine-tenths of the Cunnemara Proper population Mr. Nimmo stated to be settled along the sea-shore ; and the portion of it in the interior, not to amount to 300 families, and to reside chiefly along some of the bridle-roads which had been

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

North Gate of Carrickfergus survives

near Carrickfergus · town · Antrim

The North Gate, formerly called Spital Gate, is still standing and is described as a pleasing specimen of architecture. It forms part of the surviving town wall circuit.

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over another fourth, it has not a hreaddi of more than 150 jrards. The town consists of the ancient city or walled town, in the centre ; the Irish Quarter, on the west ; and the Scotdi Quarter, on the east. The walls were commenced about the year 1576, by the Lord-deputy, Sir Henry Sidney ; and they etfll to a great extent exist, and mav all be distinctly traced. The North -Gate, formerly called Spital Gate, is still standing, and is a pleasing specimen of architecture. The space enclosed by the walls — exclusive of the site of the castle and the pier, which projects seaward in the form of a tiny peninsula — has the outline of an irregular hexagon, and measures about 460 yards by 340. The streets within this space are Broad -street. Castle-street, West-street, North-street, Essex-street or Crannagh-Bann, Dawson-street or Jail-lane, and Joyraount-court. These streets are very irregularly disposed and of very various breadth ; yet, excepting the principal street of about 150 3racd8 in length, the open area around the castle, and the Joymount-court promenade which goes out to the Scotch Quarter, the whole are squeezed together in the suffocating density of oriental city pressure. The Irish Quarter was once called West Suburb, and obtained its

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 192

Nunnery at Clonmacnoise destroyed by fire in 1160

Clonmacnoise · townland · Offaly · 1160

A nunnery existed at Clonmacnoise prior to 1160 and was destroyed that year by accidental fire along with houses in the churchyard. It was rebuilt by Dervorgilla, daughter of Murrogh O'Melaghlin, king of Meath. Its surviving church arch stands apart from other buildings on the north side of the patron-green.

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prior to 1160, and, ''together with the bouses in the churchyard," was destroyed in that year by accidental fire ; but it was rebuilt by Dervorgilla, the daughter of Murrogh O'Mclaghhn, king of Meath ; and it is commemorated in the surviving arch of its church, — that which stands apart from the other buildings, and on the north side of the patron-green. In 840, Fcylim MacCriomthan, king of Cashel, held at Clonmacnoisc a great convention of the princes and most of the other principal men of Ireland, and received the submission and homage of Neil Callan, prince of Ulster, and son of Hugb-Oirniodhe O'Neill, nvonarch of Ireland. In 1170« coins were struck at Clonmacnoisc. — The abbey and the quondam town were frequently plundered and burnt bv despoilcrs of every class, from the unpolished Irish desperado to the crowned aiul courtly king: they suffered in particular, first from the barbarous Ostmen, and finally from the Anglo-Normans.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 216

O'Brien castle ruins at Inchiquin Lake, Corofin

Corrofin · town · Clare

Close to Inchiquin Lake at Corofin stand the ruins of a castle which was the residence of the O'Briens, the senior branch of the sept of the O'Briens of Thomond. The Marquis of Thomond is proprietor of the town and surrounding country.

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COROFIN, CoRROFiir, or Curofin, a small market and post town in the parish of Kilneboy, barony of Inchiquin, co. Clare, Munster. It stands on the road from Ennis to Kilfenora, and on that from Gort to Milltown-Malbay, 71 miles north -north-west of Ennis, 9 east by north of Ennistymon, 12 south-west of Gort, and 119 west-south-west of Dublin. It occupies a romantic site between the lakes of Tedano and inchiquin, on the very brief stream which connects these lakes, and on the plain which lies between the rocky hills of Inchiquin and Burren. The lake of Inchiquin, immediately to the west, has a quay for the landing of turf; and the lake of Tedano, immediately to the east, points the way up a chain of lakes and loughlets, north-north-eastward in the direction of Kilmacduagh. Close to Inchiquin lake stand the ruins of a castle which was the residence of the O'Briens, the senior branch of the sept of the O'Briens of Thomond, and the ancestors of the present Marquis of Thomond, who is proprietor of the town, and of a considerable extent of the circumjacent country. Corofin, as a town, is a poor place ; and derives nearly all the little importance it possesses from its commanding a pretty large extent of setrluded country. Fairs are held on the day before Ascension-day, and on Nov. 22. A dispensary here is within the Ennistymon Poor-law union, and serves for a pop. of 13,.391 ; andf in 18.*39-40, its receipts and disbursements were respectively £85 lOs., and £86 16s. 9(1. Area of the town, 30 acres. Pop., in ia31, 900 ; in 1841, 909. Houses 147. Families employed chiefl;^ in agriculture, 64 ; in manufactures and trade, 92 ; in other pursuits, 42. Families dependent chielly on property and professions, 9 ; on
the directing of labour, 90 ; on tbeir own labour, 81 ; on means not spedfied, 18. The town, jointly with Rath, given name to a Roman Catholic parish in the dio. of Killaloe.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

O'Brien's Bridge: old thirteen-arch bridge with castle

near O'Brien's Bridge · town · Clare

About two miles up the Shannon from Castle Connell sits O'Brien's Bridge, an old thirteen-arch bridge with a castle and small village on the Clare side of the river. The bridge is noted as interesting primarily from its antiquity.

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moment recollect any example of more attractive river-scenery. The wide, deep, clear, river is, for more than a quarter of a mile, almost a cataract; and this, to an English eye, must be particularly striking. It is only in the streams and rivulets of England that rapids are found ; the larger rivers generally glida smoothly on without impediments from rocks ; the Thames, Trent, Mersey, and Severn, when they lose the character of streams, and become rivers, hold a noiseless course; but the Shannon, larger than all the four, here pours that immense body of water, which above the rapids is 40 feet deep, and 300 yards wide, through and above a congregation of huge stones and rocks, which extend nearly half-a-mile ; and offers not only an unusual scene, but a spectacle approaching much nearer to the sublime than any moderate-sized stream can offer even in its highest cascade. None of the Welsh waterfalls, nor the Geisbach in Switzerland, can compare for a moment in grandeur and effect with the rapids of the Shannon. Nor is the river the only attractive object at Castle-Connell ; its adjuncts are all beautiful. The greenest of lawns rise from it ; the finest timber fringes it ; magnificent mansions tower above their surrounding woods ; swelling knolls are dotted with cattle and sheep. * * The inn at Castle-Connell is beautifully situated, and very moderate in its charges; and the inhabitants of Limerick make abundant use of it ; for, besides that Castle-Connell is resorted to as summer-quarters, it is also a noted rendezvous of the tradespeople on Sundays and holidays. Houses are scarce and dear. For a ver^ small house £\0 a-month is asked; and a couple of rooms indifferently furnished could not be had for less than 25s. per week." In a progress up the river, immediately above the village, ** nothing could be greener than the sloping banks which we rowed swiftly by : they were adorned, too, on the Limerick side especially, by several pretty villas ; and this being hayseason, the slanting sunshine falling athwart the after-grass, bathed it in hues that were almost too brilliant to be natural The river is here from 200 to 300 yards wide, and averages from 30 to 40 feet in depth. About 2 miles up the river from Castle- Connell, we reached 0'Brien*s Bridge, an old bridge with a castle, and small village on the Clare side of the river. The bridge has 13 arches, and is only interesting from its antiquity. There is a slight fall of water, but not so much as to occasion any difficulty or danger, either in ascending or in shooting the arch. Bevond O'Brien's Bridge the country improves ; fine cultivated hills appear at some little distance from the river ; and although a deficiency of wood may be remarked, the views on either side present many sweet pictures of quiet pastoral scenery,— verdant slopes, and drowsy cattle, and noddinr Mrater-lilies, and here and there a iiirm-houie, and its more animated accompaniments." The Limerick canal, connecting the city of Limerick with the natural navigation of the Shannon above the rapids, passes along the parish ; and the Commissioners for the Improvement of the Shannon projected cbanget at Castle-Connell to cost £7,000, and other changes in the vicinitv of O'Brien's Bridge to cost X4,0O0. The castle whence town and parish have their luune stands in ruin on the summit of an isolated rock in the town, and forms a very picturesque object. It was built by Conal, a celebrated chieftain of the diatrict, and is said to have been a seat of the O'Briens, king4 of Munster; and it was afterwards enlarged by the English, and given to De Burgo, a baron of the family of Fitz-Andelin, on condition of his holding it for the English Crown. During the siege of Limerick, De Ginckle thought it a dangerous neighbour to the city ; and, tfier obtaining possession of

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 205

O'Conor's castle on Castle Island, Lough Conn

Castle Island · townland · Mayo

An islet in Lough Conn holds the ruins of an old castle in which O'Conor is said to have confined his rebel brother after blinding him. The tradition ties the island fortress to a violent episode of intra-familial conflict among the O'Conors.

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CASTLE-ISL AND, an islet in Lough Conn, co. Mayo, Connaught. Here are the ruins of an old castle in which O'Conor is said to have con&ned his rebel brother, after taking out his eyes.
CASTLE-ISLAND, an island of about 120 acres in area, in Roaring- Water bay, western division of the barony of West Carbery. co. Cork, Munster. CASTLE-ISLAND, a parish, containing a town of the same name, in the barony ef Trughenackmy, CO. Kerry. It contains also the village of Scab- TAGLIN : which see. Length, 8 miles ; breadth, 4 ; area, 29,633 acres. Pop., in 1831. 6.161 ; in 1841. 7,907. Houses 1,180. Pop. of the rural districts, ! in 1841, 5,950. Houses 873. The surface consists i of part of the vale of the river Maine, part of the ' glens of three of that river's bead-streams, part of ; the upper end of the valley of Tralee, and interven- ' ing masses of bog, moorland, and mountain. The low grounds, if duly cultivated, would yield excellent crops; but a large proportion of the area is altogether impracticable for tillage, and some is of little or no value even as upland pasture. The interior is traversed southward by the road from Limerick and Abbeyfeale to Killarney, and easU ward by the direct road from Tralee to Cork. —This parish is a rectory, and a separate benefice, in the dio. of Ardfert and Agbadoe. Tithe compositien, £638 ISs. 6d. ; glebe of Ca«Ue-I»Umd, X48, —of Drumalton, £4. Gross income, £690 18s. 6d. ; nett, £553 I6s. Id. Patrons the proprietors of the seignory of Castle- Island. The church is old and in bad condition. Sittings 130 ; attendance 75. The Roman Catholic chapel has 2 officiates, and an attendance of 3,000. Previous to 1832, the parishes of Ballycuslane, Killinticrna, and Dvsart. were united to Castle- Island ; but now. the first of these forms one separate benefice, and the second and the third constitute another. In 1834, the ProtestanU amounted to 156, and the Roman Catholics to 6,448; 8 hedge-schools were in operation, but made no return of their attendance ; and 4 daily schools— two

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 205

O'Heglin's Castle at Clonmacnoise

Clonmacnoise · townland · Offaly

O'Heglin's Castle, with its curiously overhanging bastions, stands among the ruins of Clonmacnoise, visible from the green hill of Bentullagh along with the numerous churches and two round towers.

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Clonroacnoise proper — or, as it is often celled. The Seven Churches^was formerly the eite of a Culdean college, an ancient town, rarioua momstie buildings, various antique churches, a cathedral, and a bishop's residence; and it possesses a singalar combination of interest for its dismally sequesterai situation, its wondrous mass of ecclesiastieal roins, its extensive and celebrated cemetery, and its historical associations with at once ancient literaton and warfare, and modem superstitions and demonlizing orgies. Different writers have not inaptly called it, *the lona of Ireland,' and *the Mecca of Irish hagiolatry ;' ]^et these designations point at scarcely one-half of its wide circle of curioas objects and reminiscences. The place is on the left bank of the Shannon, about 4 miles north-east of ^ Shannnn- Bridge, in the midst of a great and chaotic expsnse of red bog, but on the terminating elope of an extraordinary chain of low gravel hills, which bisects the bogs, stoops slowly down to the stagnant river, and bears the name of the Aisgir Reada. A gr^ihie writer, who approached it by boat from Athlone, says, " The solitary hopelessness of the bog is ell around ; and nothing interrupts the silence of the waste but the pipe of the curlew, as it whistles over the morass, or the shriek of the heron, as it rises lazily from the sedgy bank, and GomplaiM alond against our unwonted interruption of its solitary speculations. If ever there was a picture of grim and hideous repose, it is the flow of the Shannoa from Athlone to Clonmacnoise. * * A line of gravel hills, forming the Aisgir Reada, comet from the east, and cuts the line of the Shannon at right angles, causing the great river to form a naA «r bend; and the hills, breaking their direct line as they approach the stream, form en amphitheatre, upon the southern curve of which are erected the Seven Churches. The northern terminates in a beantUal green hill, like the inverted hull of a ship, rooad which the river flows at some distance, Icaviiw an extensive flat of swampy meadow between it aadthe water. As the wind was strong and steadv hen ap the river, causing the labour of rowing to be atoMet intolerable, we drew up our little cot into a eove^ and, ascending the green hill, had at onee from its summit a view of the sacred spot before us, and of the extraordinary country all around. • • • What a dreary vale is Glendalough? what almidy isle is Inniscultra? what a hideous place ia Putriek s purgatory? what a desolate spot is Clonmamnise? From this hill of BentulUgh, on which we nowfltoodi the numerous churches, tiie two round towers, the curiously overhanging bastions of O'HehgUin's Castle, all before us to the south, and relief from the dreary sameness of the red bogs, presented such a picture of tottering i

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 213

O'Kelly converts Clonkeen church to Franciscan convent

Clonkeen · parish · Galway · 1435

Around 1435, Thomas O'Kelly, bishop of Clonfert and afterwards archbishop of Tuam, converted the parish church of Clonkeen-Kerrilt into a convent for friars of the third order of Franciscans. The parish lies along the river Moyne in County Galway and consists mostly of prime land with some bog.

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CLONKEEN, or Clonkeen-Kerrilt. a parish on the southern border of the barony of Tyaquin, 7 miles north-east of Athenry, co. Gal way. Connaught. Length, 3^ miles; breadth, 1^; area, 8,214 acres. Pop., in 1831, 1,806; in 1841. 1.971. Houses 3-2a The surface lies along the river Moyne; and, though containing some bog, consi^t<, for the most part, of prime land. About the year 1435, Thonm^ O' Kelly, bishop of Clonfert. and afterwards archbiAhop of Tuam. converted the parish-church into a convent
for friars of the third order of Franciscans This

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 212

Old abbey of Glaismhor at Clashmore

Clashmore · town · Waterford · 655–1600

The ruins of the old abbey of Glaismhor still exist near the village of Clashmore on the Blackwater. Archdall claimed it was founded by Cuanchear at the command of St. Machoemoc who died in 655, but the actual abbey was likely founded 500 years later. Its possessions were given in fee-farm to Sir Walter Raleigh after the dissolution.

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CLASHMOilE, a parish, containinj; a village of the >nnie name, in the barony of Decics-within- Drum, CO. Waterford, Munster. Length, westward, 4 miles; breadth, from 3 furlongs to2i miles ; area, 7.-201 acres, 3 roods, 20 perebes,—of which 1,9;)2 acres, 3 roods, 4 perches, lie «ilightly detached to the south-west. Pop., in 1831. 3,772; in 1841, 3,777- Houses 558. It lies along the left bank of the Blackwater ; and is traversed southward by the road from Clonmel to Youghal-ferry. About one half of the land is good, and one half indifferent ; the part near the river being arable valley-ground, and the eastern part upland and mountainous, yet proti table for the feeding of black cattle. Clashmore- House, the sciit of Robert Power, Esq., adjoins the villaire; is well situated near the Blackwater, a little above the influx of the Lickey ; and is surrounded by a demesne which, long ago, was considerably improved. The other seats are Ball i nam ultina. Bayview, Rock view, and Ardsallagh. The village stands on the principal road of the parish, about 3 miles south .»iouth-east of Aglish, and 5 northnorth-east of Youghal. Area, 29 acres. Pop., in 1H31, a^7; in 1841, 232. Houses 34. The old abbey of Glaismhor, the ruins of which still exist, is one of tho<e which the herd of topographists, in detiance of all probability, assign to a period 8e\'eral centuries before the Anglo-Norman Conquest, or even before the serious degeneracy of early Culdeeism. Archdall, in his succinct notice of it, displays himself u< almost the pink of twaddlers. "Glaismhor," c|uoth he, •* was a celebrated abbey in the Defies, near the river Blackwater, and was founded by Cuanchear at the command of St. Machoemoc of Lethniore, who had raised Cuanchear from the dead. That saint died on the 13th of March, a. d. 655." The actual abbey, though the record of its true origin seems lost, was rio doubt founded at least about 500 years later than Archdall pretends ; and its po«'-e'isij)ns were, after the dissolution, given in fee-farm to Sir Walter Raleigh. A dispensary in the villiige is within the Dungarvan Poor-law union, and stTves for a population of 9,853 ; and, in 1839, it expended £115, and administered to 1,163 patients. About U mile north-east of the village, stands the

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 207

Old Ballybough bridge and new Annesley-Bridge

near Ballybough · townland · Dublin

The old bridge of Ballybough and the long, new, spacious Annesley-Bridge carry the thoroughfare from Dublin into Drumcondra, the former on a line with Great Britain-street and Summer-hill, the latter on a line with Amiens-street and the Strand.

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CLONTL-RK, a parish in the barony of Coolock; 1| mile north-east of Dublin, co. Dublin, Leinster. It contains the villages of Drumcondra, Bal- LYBouoH, and Richmond : see these articles. Length, I mile ; breadth, } ; area, 1 ,244 acres. Pop., in 1831, 2,534; in 1841, 2,721. Houses 434. Pop. of the rural districts, in 1831, 1,944;* in 1841, 850. Houses 151. The land is of excellent quality, and in the highest state of cultivation ; all of it possesses a very great value ; and a large aggregate is disposed in demesne -grounds, villagrounds, gardens, and town-parks. The south side of the parish is washed by the Tolka or Bally bough river, and by the pent-up and tidal estuary of the Liffey ; and lies in such near juxtaposition to Dublin, that its village, and its profusion of villas, may be regarded as strictly suburban. The old bridge of Ballybough, and the long, new, spacious, splendid erection called Annesley-B ridge, bring over the thoroughfare from Dublin, the former on a line with Great Britain-street and Summer-hill, and the latter on a line with Amiens-street and the Strand. The village of Drumcondra is entered immediately from these bridges, and discloses two fine streets called Phillipsborou^h and Fairview Avenues; but melts so gradually into country, through a profusion of elegant villas and other residences, that its limits cannot easily be defined. Immediately east of it is the gorgeous Charlemont demesne [see Marino]; and on the further bkirt of that demesne, at the divergence of the roads to Clontarf, Raheny, and Artane, is a handsome crescent. We cannot notice all the other objects of interest; and shall glance at only three or tour as a specimen. Clonturk-house is a plain, yellow building ; and is celebrated as the residence of the enterprising empiric Dhuval. — who, by the aid of sulphur, nails, old iron, and other appliances, got up a mineral well, — who attracted the gullible by ** fire-works, rockets, bombs, swing- 8«rangs, and bobbies,'* and who laboured to convert the place into a second Vauxhall, and drew to- bis
• But Ibis Invludi'S Italtjrbcmgh and Richmond.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 220

Old Belfast Bridge over the Lagan

near Belfast · city · Antrim · 1682–1841

A stone-arched bridge connecting Antrim and Down was founded in 1682 at joint expense of both counties for £12,000. It lost 7 of its 21 arches in 1692 after the Duke of Schomberg's heavy cannon were drawn across before the cement had set; it was pronounced ruinous in 1840 and a new bridge of 5 semicircular arches was founded in 1841 at an estimated cost of £27,000.

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one of the architectural wonders of Ulster. Its arched part extended 840 feet ; and its entire length, including the dead work at the ends, was 2,562 reet. Its arches amounted in number to 21, and were all turned with hewn stone, fetched from the bill of Scraba in Downshire ; but they were so small and unim posing as to give the bridge, when seen from a brief distance, the appearance of a huge raised causeway perforated with little holes. The bridge was raised at the joint expense of the counties of Antrim and Down, for the sum of £12,000 ; it was founded in 1682, but was not completed till after the Revolution ; it lost 7 of its arches in 1692, in consequence of having been weakened by the Duke of Schomberg's heavy cannon being drawn along it before its cement was thoroughly indurated; being shortly afterwards repaired, it continued during nearly a century and a-half in tolerable preservation ; but, in 1840, it was pronounced ruinous and unsafe for
tradic, and was ordered to be destroyed A new

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 170

Old Borough Limits of Clonmel

Clonmel · town · Tipperary

The old borough limits of Clonmel extended well beyond the town, reaching about three miles south into the county of Waterford.

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Municipal Affairs. ] — The corporation of Clonmel appears to be of great antiquity, and to have probably existed by prescription ; and it had charters or kindred documents of 27 Edward I., 11 and 13 Edward XL, 29, 38, 45, and 50. Edward IIL, 10 Henry IV., 6 Henry V., and 3 James II. The old borough limits extend, on the north, about 1 mile beyond the town, — on the east, about 2 miles, — on the south, into the county of Waterford, about 3 miles ; and they included the whole of the western side of the town and suburbs, excepting a few houses, chiefly cabins: the limits, under the new arrangement, include little more than the town itself on the north side of the river, exclude considerable portions of the straggling outskirts, and pass along the southern channel of the Suir, or south side of the editioed islands. The corporation is called, ** The Mayor, Bailiffs, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Town or Borough of Clonmel ;" it consists, according to charter, of a mayor, 2 bailiifs, 20 free burffesses, and an indefinite number of commonalty; and Its officers, additional to the mayor and bailiffs, are a recorder, a chamberlain, a town-clerk, a weighmaster and taster of butter, a sword-bearer, 3 serjeants-at-mace, 2 pound-keepers, and a bellman. The corporation is one of those mentioned in the * New Rules' of 25 Charles II. Freemen may be elected from any class of persons, whether resident or nonresident ; they possess exemption from paying toll, and have also the right, subject to Reform Acts* restrictions, of voting for members of parliament ; and, in 1833, they amounted to 158, — of whom only 9 were Roman Catholics, 107 were resident, and 51 were non-resident. The head or patron of the corporation seems formerly to have had sufficient influence to procure the admission to freedom, or the rejection from it, of whatever persons he pleased ; and this influence, even after the passing of the parliamentary Reform Act, was supposed to continue to a certain extent in the Bi^well family. The corpo> ration has not by charter any criminal jurisdiction. A tholsel court for the despatch of civil business ia presided over by the mayor and bailiffs ; but disposes of not more than two or three causes in the year. A mayor's court, presided over by the mayor, is held every Wednesday, and exercises jurisiliction over causes of action, m the nature of debt, not exceeding 10s. Irish. A court of petty-sessions, presided over by county magistrates, is held every alternate Friday for causes not arising within the town or liberties ; and another, presided over by county magistrates, and attended by the mayor, is held every Wednesitojr for causes arising within the town. The public peace is preserved partly by the serjeants-at-mace, but chiefly by a party of the county consubuhiry. The income of the corporation is derived from houses, lands, tenements, tolls, and customs; and in the year ending 29th Sept., 1833, amounted from the former

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 219

Old Bridewell-lane former Corn Market, Cork

Cork · city · Cork

Old Bridewell-lane, a very narrow and obscure alley in Cork, was formerly the site of the city's Corn Market before being converted into a bridewell or house of correction.

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ginal city^ointly form a line of 3^ furlongs southward from the North-bridge to the South-bridge; they are mutually separated— in name, at least— near the middle of the line, at the spot where now stands the exchange ; they still retain, as the site of two oi^ the old parish-churches, and in the character of many of their private edifices, memorials of their quondam importance; and they at different periods, and in compliment to successive sovereigns, temporarily bore the names of Royal-street, the Queen's Majetity'sstreet, King-street, and IIi<i Highness's-street. The Grand Parade, a very spacious street, runs 1 4 furlong northward from the river, opposite Sullivan's quay, to the west end of Patrick-ittreet, and is contniued to the north side of the island by a street utterly unworthy of so superb an associate. At the lower extremity of the Grand Parade, stands an equestrian statue of Geor^^e II. ; and near this statue is Gingle Stand, a point from which a project exiiited, in 1832, of throwing a timber bridge across the river to Sullivan's quay. The South Mull exteiuU 3 fuHungs eastward from the south end of the Grand Parade to An^le^ea bridge ; but, over about one-third of its length, is only a terrace or one-sided street overlooking the river. St. Patrick 's-strect, a very f^pacious and crowded thoroughfare, and in some retspects the most curious street in the city, goes off east south-eastward from the north end of the Grand Parade, and terminates north -north -east ward at St. Patrick's-bridge ; and it consists of three parts, each about a furlong in length, and jointlv constituting what, if completed, would be three sides of a heptagon. Another rather spacious street goes northward across the inland from Anglesen-bridge ; a straight but narrow street runs about 5 furlongs due east from the middle of South Main-street ; and very numerous streets, additional to all we have mentioned, lie east of the Main streets, and for the most part are constructed on a tolerably uniform observance of the rectilinear and rectangular alignment, but are nearly all short, narrow, dingy, or otherwise unentitled, except from incidental historical association, to any individual notice. The quays, particularly at the south point of the island in the vicinity of the Custom- Hpuse, and the ottice of the St. George Steam Packet Company, have not only a stirring and prosperous, but an ornamental and occasionally a sumptuous, appearance. Old Bride well-lant;, a very narrow and obscure alley, was formerly the site of the Corn Market, — afterwards converted into a bridewell. Portney's-lane and Dingle-lune were the site of respectively the Assembly Room and a somewhat celebrated theatre. Broad-lane also had at one time a theatre ; and, for two or three years about the middle of last century, was the place of public execution. Cross-street has its name from having: been the site of a Market Cross. Grafton's Alley has its name from bein^ the scene of the Duke of Grafton's death in I()90, from the shot of a blacksmith. Fish-Shamble-lane, now destitute of the object which obviously originated its preseist name, is said to have been known, in the days of the iri<h Volunteers, as Ireland's Kiting Liberty-street. Nilestreet was originally a canal arched over in 1705, and has its doigiiation in honour of the victory of the Nile. Grattan-street — which we formerly stated to have 'l)een so named in honour of the celelirated Henry Grattan — was ordered by the corporation, in 170f», to be called Duncan-street, in honour of Admiral Duncan ; but it reacquired its original name, in 18lM), throuii:h the influence o( Sheriff IVnrose.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Old Bridge of Boyle and William III statue

Boyle · town · Roscommon

The old bridge of Boyle is situated in the middle of the town and consists of five low, narrow arches. It features a statue of William III on a low pedestal within an iron cage on its upper side.

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Public Buildingt.']— The old bridge of Boyle, situated nearly in the middle of the town, consists of 5 low and rather narrow arches ; and has, on its upper side, within a strong iron cage of palisade work, and on a low pedestal, a statue of William III. The new bridge, situated 500 yards lower down, between the barrack and the abbey, consists of a single arch. The new sessions-house stands on the slope of the hill, fronting the street which ran9 from the south end of the old bridge, and was built at an estimated expense of £800 to the county, aided by £500 and a free site from Lord Lorton. The old sessions house, a decayed edifice in the street or road which passes the barrack, serves fyr the uses of the Savings'-bank, the Charitable Loan office, the infant-schools, and public meetings §ot charitable and religious purposes. The bridewell is attached to the new sessions-house, and was built at an estimated expense of £1,039 17>. lOd.; i$ con* tains 2 day-rooms, 8 cells, and 2 yards ; but it is kept in an irregular and filthy state, and has pressing need of reform. The barrack was originallv the resideBCS of the Earl of Kingston. The parish-churdi, sit»* ated somewhat below the crest of the hill on tbe north side of the town, sud on the old road to i
BOYLE.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 181

Old castle and abbey remains at Crossmolina

Crossmolina · town · Mayo · 900–999

Near the parish church at Crossmolina are the remains of an old castle. In the burying-ground within the enclosures of the small demesne of Abbeytown, vestiges of an old abbey survive, which some writers claim was erected in the 10th century.

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CROSSMOLINA, a market and post town in the above parish, stands on the river Deel, and on the road from Ballina to Belmullet, about a mile northwest of the head of Lough Conn, 6^ west of Ballina, 26 east by south of Belmullet, and 132} west-northwest of Dublin. It is of modern date, and stands on the large estate of W. Palmer, Bart It has a clean, neat, and pleasant, but sequestered appearance ; and consists principally of low slated houses, arranged into two streets. The parish-church and the parsonage-bouse have a character which, for so secluded and remote a locality, might almost be called pretending. The Methodist chapel is in the town. Near the church are the remains of an old ca^tltf ; and in the burying-ground, which is situated within the enclosures of the small demesne of Abbeytown, are some vestiges of an old abbey, which some writers pretend to have been erected in the 10th century. A market is held weekly ; and fairs are held on May 23, Sept. 12, and Dec. 17; but thev are the scenes of comparatively little business. A inniUcor runs between the town and Ballina. The Crossmolina dispensary is within the Ballina Poorlaw union, and has a district of 132,834 acres, with a population of 18,410 ; and, in 1839-40, it expended £182 15s. 8d., and administered to 1,187 patients. Area of the town, 41 acres. Pop., in 1831, 1,481 ; in 1841, 1,672. Houses 309. Families employed chiefly in agriculture, 132; in manufactures and trade, 157; in other pursuits, 53. Families dependent chiefly on property and professions, 13 ; on the directing of labour, 156 ; on their own manual Ubour, 160; on means not specified, 13.
CROSSNA, a village in the parish of Ardcame, barony of Boyle, co. Roscommon, Connaught. It fitands on the crest of a hill, within three-fourths of a mile of the north shore of bough Key, and about 3^ miles south-west of Keadue. Its site commands a superb view southward of Lough Key, the woods

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

Old castle and historical events at Inchiquin, Clonpriest

Clonpriest · parish · Cork

The parish of Clonpriest extends along the Atlantic shore from near the mouth of Youghal Harbour. An old castle and one or two historical events of some interest are associated with Inchiquin in this parish.

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CLONPRIEST, a parish in the barony of Imokilly, 2} miles ttouth-west of Youghal, co. Cork, Munster. Length and breadth, each 5 miles ; area, 6,985 acres. Pop., iii 1831, 3.417; in 1841, 3,658. Houses 588. The surface extends along the shore of the Atlantic from near the mouth of Youghal Harbour ; and in considerably indented by the estuary of three confluent rivulets. About one- fourth of the land is of prime quality, and produces heavy crops of wheat or any other grain ; and the remainder is light arable ground, rich in herbage as pastiu-e. and fully productive by tillage of oats, barley, and potatoes. None of the land is unprofitable ; and, in consequence of the facility with which sea-manure is obtained, all of it is very valuable. A circuitous road from Youghal to Ca»tle- Martyr wends along the shore. An old castle, and one or two historical events of some interest will be notice<l under the word Inchiquin : which see This parish is a rectory, and a separate benefice, in the dio. of Cloyne. Tithe compo.^ition,. £869 2s. 4.Jd. ; glebe, £'20. Gross income. 4:889 2s. 4id. ; nett, £795 17s. 1 1 ^d. ; Patron, the Crown. A curate has a stipend of £92 6s. Ijjd. The church was built about 106 years ago. Sittings 100; attendance 18. The Roman Catholic chapel has an attendance of 1,200; and, in the Roman Catholic parochial arrangement, is united to a chapel in Youghal. In \6M, the Protestanta) amounted to 35, and the Roman Catholics to 3,524 ; and 2 daily schools— one of which wsis siilttricd with £15 from the National Board, and £5 from Lord Ponsonby — had on their books 139 boys and 90 girls. In 1840r the National Board had one school at Clonpriest, and another at Ballykilty, the former salaried with £15, and the latter with £6.
CLONRAHAN. or Clooi«ro(;han, a townland in the parish of Kilkcevan. burony of Ballintobber, CO. Roscommon, Connaught. In the reign of Henry VII., O'Connor built here a monastery for Franciscans of the third order.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 219

Old castle at Churchtown on the Suir, held by the Everards

Churchtown · townland · Waterford

The village of Churchtown in Co. Waterford stands on the right bank of the Suir, behind which lie the extensive natural woods of Landscape and Coolnamuck. An old castle once stood at the village and was possessed by the Everards.

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CHURCHTOWN, a village in the parish of Dysart, barony of Upperthird, 4} miles west by north of Carnckbeg, co. Waterford, Munster. It stands on the right bank of the Suir, and on the road from Carrickbeg to Clonmel ; and behind it are the extensive natural woods of Landscape, which combine with the woods of Coolnamuck to impart great finish to the natural beauty of this part of the exultant valley of the Suir. An old castle once stood at the village, and was possessed by the Everards. Here is a small woollen factory. Pop. returned with the parish.
CHURCHTOWN, or Bruhennt, a parish, partly in the barony of Duballow, but chiefly in that of Orrery and Kilmore, 6 miles south-south-west of Charleville, co. Cork, Munster. The Orrery and Kilmore section contains the village of Churchtown. Length, 4 miles ; breadth, 2. Area of the Duballow section, 1,078 acres; of the Orrery and Kilmore section, 6,969 acres. Pop. of the Orrery and Kilmore section, in 1831, 2,893 ; in 1841, 2,689. Houses 382. Pop. of the Duballow section, in 1841,* 688. Houses 113. The surface is drained southward by the headwaters of the Awbeg, and traversed in the same direction by the road from Limerick to Cork ; and it consists variously of good arable land, good pasture land, coarse mountain, bleak moorland, and repulsive b<^. The quondam noble seats of Burton and EoMONT [see these articles], are within the parish, and give the titles of Baron and Earl to the fiunil^ of Percival. The village of Churchtown is neat m arrangement, and is prettily planted. A dispensary here is within the Mallow Poor-law union, and serves for a pop. of 5,033 ; and, in 1839-40, it expended £138 18s., and administered to 1,944 pa. tients. Area of the village, 22 acres. Pop., in 1841, 638. Houses 86. The church whence the village has its name, substituted one upon another site which was removed by act of parliament in 9 Anne ; and it is cruciform, has its chancel paved with black and white marble, and contains the burying vault of

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 206

Old castle of Clonmore and the Howard barony

Clonmore · townland · Carlow · 1778–1785

The chief artificial object of interest in Clonmore parish, County Carlow, is the old castle of Clonmore. In 1778 Ralph Howard, eldest son of Robert Howard, Bishop of Elphin, was created Baron Clonmore of Clonmore-castle, and in 1785 he was made Viscount Wicklow.

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of Hacketstown, in the south-east comer of the barony of Rathvilly, and on the east border of co. Cark)w, Leinster. Length, west by northward, 4} miles; extreme breadth, 3| ; area, 6,029 acres, I rood, 38 perches. Pop., in 1831, 2,244; in 1841, 2,335. Houses 307. The surface contaias some boggy ground, ^et consists in general of good land. The mean basis altitude above sea-level seems to be about 320 feet ; and the highest ground occurs a little north-north-east of the village, and has an altitude of 722 feet The seats are Clonmore- Lodge, Castle view, and Eaglehill- Lodge. The village or hamlet of Clonmore, the site of the glebehouse, a school, and the parish-church, staads a little south-east of the centre of the parish. The read from Hacketstown to Tullow passes along the northern border. The chief artificial object of interest is the old castle of Clonmore. In 1778, Ralph Howard, eldest son of Robert Howard, bishop of Elphin, was created Baron Clonmore of Clonmorecastle ; and, in 1 785, he was made Viscount Wicklow. — This parish is a rectory, and a separate benefice, in the dio. of Leighlin. Tithe composition, £304 123. 3d.; glebe, £0 9s. Gross income, £314 Is. 8d. ; nett, £261 Is. lOJd. Patron, the diocesan. The incumbent holds also the benefice of Killebau in the same diocese. A curate has a stipend of £80. The church was built, in 1809, ^y means of a gift of £553 16s. lid. from the late Board of First Fruits. Sittings 180; attendance 180. The Roman Catholic chapel has an attendance of upwards of 1,000; and, in the Roman Catholic parochial arrangement, is united to the chapels of Aghold and Liscoleman. In 1834, the PpotestanU amounted to 279, and the Roman Catholics to 1,942 ; and 2 daily schools — the one of which was salaried with £10 from the National Board, and the other with £8 from the Society for Discountenancing Vice — had on their books 100 boys and 77 girls.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 219

Old castle wall as parish boundary

near Shandon · locality · Cork

The line of the old wall of the castle formed the boundary between the parishes of St. Mary Shandon and St. Anne Shandon in Cork. This boundary was indicated by the east end of the friary chapel at the time of writing.

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chapel. The line of the old wall of the castle waa the l)0uridary between St. Mary Shandon and St. Anne Shamlon, and is now indicatt'd by the east end of the friary chapel. A monastery called Shandon Abbey stood in the parish, where the north wall it now situated; but, in 1819, the oidy vestiges of it were an ancient well and part of an old chapel, then used as a store. The parishes of St. Anne Shandon and St. Paul were originally parts of St. Mary Shandon, and were, with consent of the patrons, and by act of the Lord-lieutenant and Privy -council, separated from it and erected into distinct parishes, respectively in 1728 and 1787. An official report of St. Mary's, in 1819. says, " The ground set within the parish, especially at Sunday's Well, for villas, brings as high a rent as from 20 to SO guineas an acre per annum. The ground for tillage varies very much in value, some being taken at £10 or £10 lOs. per acre." An official report, in 1837, says that parta of the land '* are occupied by gardens attached to villas, and other parts are used' for grazing and for townfields. "_St, Mary Shandon is a rectory, and a separate benefice, in the dio. of Cork. Tithe composition, £25. Gross income, £229 19^. 2d. ; nett, £174 3s. Id. Patron, alternately the Duke of I^inster and the Earl of Barrymore. The denomination of St. Catherine is sought to be identified with the quondam parish of that name, and is the estate of the Earl of Cork, who clainis entire exemp. tion from tithes, or any payment as impropriator, to the rector. The incumbent is also chaplain of the county of the city gaol, which is situated in the parish. A curate has a stipend of £75. The parish-church waa built in 1093, by means of parochial assessment Sittings 1,000; attendance 800. A Roman Catholic chapel, attached to the city gaol, has an attendance of 30, besides the prisoners. In 1834, the parishioners consisted of 1,666 Churchmen, 84 Presbyterians, 63 other ProtCkUnt dissenters, and 13,683 Roman Catholics; and 15 dailjr schools had on their books 451 bo^s and 363 girls. One of the schools was salaried with £20 from the Natioiud Board, and £20 from a charity lermon, one with an aimual public collection, and one with £60 from subscription ; and each of the latter two waa aided also with a portion of the dividends arising from £2,000 3| per cent, reduced annuities. In 1840, the National Board had two schools in the parish.

Internet Archive parliamentaryga00unkngoog, Chapter 234

The Parliamentary gazetteer of Ireland

The stories, best first

Mardyke promenade with elms

Marino villa and its admired Casino

Maritime approach to Cobh (Cove Town)

Marlborough's siege of Cork, 1690

Marlfield seat of John Bagwell

Mayor John Walters hanged for Perkin Warbeck plot

McMahon's relief attempt rebuffed at Charlemont

Mew Island passage used by Donaghadee fishermen

Military road from Cruagh to Aughavanagh in Dublin Mountains

Mineral springs at Lisdoonvarna

Mint established in Carlingford by parliamentary act

Miraculous triumph of Virgin's image over Bishop Babington

Modern cathedral built by Archbishop Agar

Monastery of St. Domangard at Carnsore Point

Mountain Burren above Castlebar parish

Mountains and lakes of Burrishoole parish

Mountains of Clonca parish in Inishowen

Mount Leinster and Blackstairs Mountains described

Mr. Coote's improved estate at Cootehill

Multi-coloured steeple of St. Anne's, Shandon

Municipal division of Cork city and county

Munster Blackwater scenery rivals Rhine and Danube

Murder of Gerald, the Poet Earl of Desmond, near Castle-Connell

Murder of William de Burgh in Belfast Castle, 1333

Named churches of Clonmacnoise: Temple Righ, O'Conor, Kelly, Finian

Narrow-Water Castle and Demesne

National Board schools across Belfast streets and suburbs, 1840

National School grant at Cross

Natural dock and fishery at Clogher Head, Louth

Natural History and Philosophical Society house

New bank branches in Cork

Newberry mansion: Harberton seat watered by the Boyne

New Birmingham village built for Killenaule coal mines

New Glanmire's curious bolting-mill

New Montpelier improvements at Carrignafoy

New navigation channel opened in Belfast Lough

New road formed from Ballyconnell toward Enniskillen, 1841

New roads near Skibbereen, Clonakilty, Courtmacsherry, Bandon

New road through Boggeragh Mountains, 1823

New Roman Catholic chapel in Donegal Street

Night Asylum in Poultry Square, Belfast

Nimmo's 1814 definition of Connemara district

North Gate of Carrickfergus survives

Nunnery at Clonmacnoise destroyed by fire in 1160

O'Brien castle ruins at Inchiquin Lake, Corofin

O'Brien's Bridge: old thirteen-arch bridge with castle

O'Conor's castle on Castle Island, Lough Conn

O'Heglin's Castle at Clonmacnoise

O'Kelly converts Clonkeen church to Franciscan convent

Old abbey of Glaismhor at Clashmore

Old Ballybough bridge and new Annesley-Bridge

Old Belfast Bridge over the Lagan

Old Borough Limits of Clonmel

Old Bridewell-lane former Corn Market, Cork

Old Bridge of Boyle and William III statue

Old castle and abbey remains at Crossmolina

Old castle and historical events at Inchiquin, Clonpriest

Old castle at Churchtown on the Suir, held by the Everards

Old castle of Clonmore and the Howard barony

Old castle wall as parish boundary