Name: Pictorial and descriptive guide to the Lakes of Killarney, Glengariff, and south-west Ireland, including a guide to Cork.
Author: Lock and Company Ward, ltd

Strancally Castle on the Blackwater

Strancally · townland · Waterford

Strancally Castle rises over the deepest part of the River Blackwater, its ivied ruins blending with the mossy surroundings along the passage from Youghal to Cappoquin.

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After passing the bridge with its five 100-feet spans, the river banks rise on either side to a considerable height. The conspicuous Rhincrew Castle, on the left, was once a preceptory of the Knights Templars, and was founded by Raymond le Gros, a companion-in-arms of Strongbow. The steamer glides past the picturesque ruins of Temple Michael Church and Castle ; and the ruins of Molana Abbey, where Raymond le Gros lies buried. The fine modern mansion of Ballinatray next comes into sight ; then the river widens again into a lake known as the Broad of Clashmore, and we have a composite prospect of hills, meadows, mountains, lake and river extremely beautiful. Strancally Castle rises over the deepest part of the river, and its ivied ruins, blending with the mossy
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Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 30

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Strancally, Strancally Castle rises over the deepest part of the River Blackwater. Its ivied ruins blend with the mossy surroundings, along the passage from Youghal to Cappoquin. The river banks here rise to a considerable height on either side.

The Kyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh

near Keimaneigh · pass · Cork

The Pass of Keimaneigh, likened to the Khyber Pass, was a dramatic mountain pass on the coach route from Glengariff to Gougane Barra. A daily coach left around 11 o'clock for this destination.

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Yet another good trip can be made by the coach which leaves daily about 1 1 for the Kyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh and Gougane Barra, with its holy lake. The return to Cork can now be made this way via Macroom : the route is fully described in the reverse direction on pp. 174-7.
Glengariff to Bantry.

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As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Keimaneigh lies a mountain pass that travellers likened to the Khyber. A daily coach left about one o'clock, bound for this pass and for Gougane Barra, with its holy lake. The return to Cork could be made by way of Macroom. The route was considered one of the good trips of the region.

Circular fort near Caherdaniel

Caherdaniel · townland · Kerry

Close to the road leading to Caherdaniel, on the shore of Derrynane Bay, stands a circular fort in remarkably good preservation. A small stone fort is also noted near the hamlet of Caherdaniel itself.

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Leaving Waterville, and crossing the bridge at its southern end, we enter on the most interesting section of the drive. Our road at first winds upwards, till at Coomakista Pass it is 700 feet above the sea. We get charming views of the mountains on the left, and of the almost circular bay, with its numberless islands, on the right. In about a mile we pass, on the left, the ruined Templenakilla Church. Driving on for about five miles, our road descends to the sea on the shore of Derrynane Bay, a small inlet of the Atlantic separated from Ballinskelligs Bay by Hog's Head and from the Kenmare estuary by Lamb Head, the most southerly cape of county Kerry. In Derrynane Bay are Scariff Island and many other rocky islets. On our right, close to the road leading to Caherdaniel, is a circular fort in remarkably good preservation. On the shore of the bay is —
Derrynane,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 65

As the companion tells it

There is a circular fort close to Caherdaniel, standing on the shore of Derrynane Bay, near the road that leads into the village. It is remarkably well preserved. The road here comes down from Coomakista Pass, 700 feet above the sea, winding past mountains and past the ruined Templenakilla Church before descending to this small inlet of the Atlantic. Derrynane Bay is separated from Ballinskelligs Bay by Hog's Head and from the Kenmare estuary by Lamb Head, the most southerly cape of county Kerry. Scariff Island and many rocky islets sit out in the bay. The fort stands close to the road, a circle of stone still intact. The shore of the bay holds Derrynane itself.

Dingle Bay scenery with Brandon Mountain

near Dingle Bay · bay · Kerry

The southern shore of Dingle Bay is followed for twenty-six miles, with Brandon Mountain (3,127 feet) visible in the far distance on the opposite side. The peaks of Killarney's mountains are visible to the south in ever-changing combinations.

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with on the opposite side, a background of lofty hills, termi natedTn the far distance by the Brandon Mountain (3,127 feet) Dunmore Head, the bluff extremity of the northern pen flsufa is the most westerly land in I-land-neare America than any point of the European shores It is surrounded by a number of rocky isles, the largest of which the Great Blalket, presents some lofty and steep . c hffs to the sea These features of the northern coast of the bay will attract attention successively as we make our way westward Brandon is much in evidence as we leave Killorglin and at other joints on the journey. To the south are the peaks of Killarney (k) I29
CARAGH LAKE— GLEN CAR

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 60

As the companion tells it

Dingle Bay stretches along here for 26 miles of southern shore. On the opposite side, lofty hills rise up, ended in the far distance by Brandon Mountain, 3127 feet. As you travel westward, the features of the bay's northern coast attract the eye one after another. Dunmore Head, the blunt extremity of the northern peninsula, is the most westerly land in Ireland, nearer to America than any point of the European shores. It is surrounded by rocky isles, the largest of which, the Great Blasket, presents steep cliffs to the sea. Brandon is much in evidence leaving Killorglin and at other points along the way. To the south, the peaks of Killarney appear in ever-changing combinations.

Glenbeigh watering-place and carpet industry

Glenbeigh · town · Kerry

Glenbeigh is described as a promising little watering-place with a good hotel, golf links, and a fine strand for bathing. It takes its name from its situation at the mouth of the river Beigh, and a rug and carpet industry had recently been started there.

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[Hotel : Headley Arms] is a promising little watering-place, with a good hotel, golf links, and a fine strand for bathing. Glenbeigh takes its name from its situation at the mouth of the river Beigh, which rises some five miles south-westward in the stern cragsurrounded loughs known as Coomasharn, Coomaglaslaw, and Coomnacronia. Coomasharn is certainly worth a visit, on account of the great precipices which overhang it. At Glenbeigh a rug and carpet industry has recently been started.
Leaving Glenbeigh, the line ascends and comes quite close to the coast, and we have superb views on the right of Dingle Bay and its background of lofty- mountains. We continue to ascend, and at Mountain Stage (so named from its having been the stage-house in the not very remote days of cars and coaches) we are on a piece of genuine mountain railway, more than 400 feet above the sea. The line presently turns inland to Kells (a small hamlet merely, and not to be confused with the several other Kells in Ireland). A long descent brings us to—

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 61

As the companion tells it

Glenbeigh is a promising little watering-place, with a good hotel, golf links, and a fine strand for bathing. It takes its name from its situation at the mouth of the river Beigh, which rises some five miles south-westward in the stern crag-surrounded loughs known as Coomasharn, Coomaglaslaw, and Coomnacronia. Coomasharn is certainly worth a visit, on account of the great precipices which overhang it. At Glenbeigh a rug and carpet industry has recently been started. Leaving Glenbeigh, the line ascends and comes quite close to the coast, with superb views of Dingle Bay and its background of lofty mountains. The ascent continues to Mountain Stage, so named from its having been the stage-house in the days of cars and coaches, more than 400 feet above the sea. The line then turns inland to Kells, a small hamlet, not to be confused with the several other Kells in Ireland.

Glengariff village buried in foliage

Glengarriff · townland · Cork

The village of Glengariff, glimpsed far below from the mountain road, is described as almost buried in foliage. It sits at the head of Bantry Bay with an island-dotted harbour.

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the mountains grouped about the head of Bantry Bay, towards which we now descend, great valleys, with here and there a mountain tarn, stretching away on either hand. The prominent height to the right is the Sugarloaf. Presently a glimpse is caught of the sparkling sea, and the driver points out, far below, the village of Glengariff, almost buried in foliage. But though the actual distance to the Glen is only five or six miles, it takes no little time to get down, the steepness of the mountain and the windings of the road necessitating a constant application of the brake. It is a remarkable tribute to the carefulness and competence of the drivers on this route that not a single accident has happened since it has been opened for tourist traffic. The driver will point out Lord Bantry' s Shooting Lodge some distance away on the right, and ahead the tourist will see for himself the noble expanse of Bantry Bay, and the island-dotted harbour of Glengariff.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 71

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, the mountains gather at the head of Bantry Bay. Great valleys stretch away on either hand, with a mountain tarn here and there. The Sugarloaf stands as the prominent height among them. As you come down toward the sea, a glimpse of sparkling water opens up, and far below lies the village of Glengariff, almost buried in foliage. The actual distance to the glen is only five or six miles, but the descent takes time. The mountain is steep and the road winds, so the brake is applied constantly. It is a tribute to the carefulness of the drivers on this route that not a single accident has happened since it was opened for tourist traffic. Lord Bantry's Shooting Lodge stands some distance away, and the noble expanse of Bantry Bay opens up with its island-dotted harbour.

Killarney House and Italian gardens of the Earl of Kenmare

Killarney · town · Kerry

Killarney House is the Irish home of the Earl of Kenmare, adorning the crest of a hill at the west end of the town and surrounded by a demesne skirting the Lower Lake. A flower show is annually held in its Italian gardens under the presidency of the Countess of Kenmare, and the Gaelic League holds its Annual Fete in the grounds.

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The private residences in the vicinity of Killarney are numerous and worthy of their unrivalled environment. Killarney House, the magnificent Irish home of the Earl of Kenmare, adorns the crest of a hill at the west end of the town, surrounded by its splendid demesne and park of vast extent, skirting the Lower Lake. In the exquisite Italian gardens of the house a flower show is annually held, under the presidency of the Countess of Kenmare. The Annual Fete, under the auspices of the Gaelic League, is also held in the grounds. Muckross House (the seat of Lord Ardilaun), an Elizabethan mansion in white Portland stone, overlooks the Middle Lake, and is close to Muckross Abbey. The grounds are nearly 800 acres in extent. Here Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort were entertained on their visit to the lakes in 1861. Flesk Castle and Southhill House occupy elevated positions a little to the south of the town. From the battlements of the former an extensive view of the lakes may be obtained. Lake View House and Aghadoe House are situated on the western shore of the Lower Lake, and Cahernane House at its north-eastern end. The picturesque Park House takes its name from the Deer Park in which it stands, embowered in magnificent and aged trees. The grounds of all these residences are laid out with admirable taste and command delightful prospects. In recent years also a number of pretty villas have been erected in the neighbourhood of the town.
Killarney was visited in 1897 by the present Prince and Princess of Wales, who were delighted with the beauties of the lakes. It was suggested at the time that Killarney would form an ideal spot for a royal residence. Indeed, it is believed that negotitations were actually entered into for the purchase of Muckross House.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 36

As the companion tells it

As the road takes you through Killarney, the town is crowned by Killarney House, the Irish home of the Earl of Kenmare. It stands on the crest of a hill at the west end of the town, surrounded by a demesne and park of vast extent that skirts the Lower Lake. Each year, in the Italian gardens of the house, a flower show is held under the presidency of the Countess of Kenmare. The Gaelic League also holds its Annual Fete in the grounds. The private residences near Killarney are numerous and worthy of their unrivalled environment. Muckross House, the seat of Lord Ardilaun, is an Elizabethan mansion in white Portland stone overlooking the Middle Lake, close to Muckross Abbey. Its grounds are nearly 800 acres in extent. Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort were entertained there on their visit to the lakes in 1861. Flesk Castle and Southhill House occupy elevated positions a little to the south of the town, and from the battlements of Flesk Castle an extensive view of the lakes may be obtained. Lake View House and Aghadoe House sit on the western shore of the Lower Lake, and Cahernane House at its north-eastern end. The picturesque Park House takes its name from the Deer Park in which it stands, embowered in magnificent and aged trees. The grounds of all these residences are laid out with admirable taste and command delightful prospects. In recent years also, a number of pretty villas have been erected in the neighbourhood of the town. The Prince and Princess of Wales visited Killarney in 1897 and were delighted with the beauties of the lakes. It was suggested at the time that Killarney would form an ideal spot for a royal residence, and it is believed that negotiations were actually entered into for the purchase of Muckross House.

North Chapel of Cork built 1808

Cork · city · Cork · 1808

The North Chapel in Cork was built in 1808 and boasts a massive and lofty tower, though architecturally it is not considered a success. The interior is strikingly ornate with a monument by Turnerelli near the altar commemorating Dr. Moylan, the founder of the cathedral.

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or the North Chapel. It was built in 1808, and boasts a massive and lofty tower, but architecturally it is not a success. The interior is in striking contrast to the plain exterior, and deserves to be seen, though the tourist may object to the over-elaboration of some of the details, and the almost gaudy appearance of the whole. A monument by Turnerelli, near the altar, commemorates Dr. Moylan, the founder of the cathedral, and in the open space in front of the main entrance is a bronze statue of Bishop Delany, D.D., erected in 1890.
By following the squalid Old Chapel Lane up the hill, with the Fever Hospital on the left hand, one reaches the Old Youghal Road, which may be described as the " Northern Heights " of Cork, affording an excellent view over the city and harbour. The Barracks and camp field are up here, and the tunnel of the Great Southern and Western Railway, leading to Glanmire station, runs below.

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As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cork, the North Chapel stands in the city, built in 1808. It has a massive and lofty tower, but architecturally it is not a success. The plain exterior is in striking contrast to the interior, which deserves to be seen, though the over-elaboration of some details and the almost gaudy appearance of the whole might give you pause. Near the altar, a monument by Turnerelli commemorates Dr. Moylan, the founder of the cathedral. In the open space in front of the main entrance stands a bronze statue of Bishop Delany, erected in 1890. Following Old Chapel Lane up the hill, with the Fever Hospital on the left, you reach the Old Youghal Road, the Northern Heights of Cork, affording an excellent view over the city and harbour. The Barracks and camp field are up here, and the tunnel of the Great Southern and Western Railway, leading to Glanmire station, runs below.

Temple Michael Church and Castle ruins

Templemichael · townland · Waterford

The steamer glides past the picturesque ruins of Temple Michael Church and Castle on the Blackwater between Youghal and Cappoquin.

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After passing the bridge with its five 100-feet spans, the river banks rise on either side to a considerable height. The conspicuous Rhincrew Castle, on the left, was once a preceptory of the Knights Templars, and was founded by Raymond le Gros, a companion-in-arms of Strongbow. The steamer glides past the picturesque ruins of Temple Michael Church and Castle ; and the ruins of Molana Abbey, where Raymond le Gros lies buried. The fine modern mansion of Ballinatray next comes into sight ; then the river widens again into a lake known as the Broad of Clashmore, and we have a composite prospect of hills, meadows, mountains, lake and river extremely beautiful. Strancally Castle rises over the deepest part of the river, and its ivied ruins, blending with the mossy
KiiUrney- (/)

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 30

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here on the Blackwater, the steamer glides past the picturesque ruins of Temple Michael Church and Castle. The river banks rise to a considerable height on either side before you reach them. Not far along the same stretch stands Rhincrew Castle, once a preceptory of the Knights Templars, founded by Raymond le Gros, a companion-in-arms of Strongbow. And nearby are the ruins of Molana Abbey, where Raymond le Gros lies buried. The river carries you onward past Ballinatray, a fine modern mansion, then widens into a lake called the Broad of Clashmore, opening up a prospect of hills, meadows, mountains, lake and river. Strancally Castle rises over the deepest part of the river, its ivied ruins blending with the mossy banks.

Ross Island: artificial formation and castle ruins

Ross Island · townland · Kerry

Ross Island, part of the Kenmare estate, is of artificial formation—a moat was cut through a morass at the isthmus connecting it to land, likely as protection for the castle whose ruins form a prominent feature. Its area is about 150 statute acres.

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which is part of the Kenmare estate, and is laid out with walks and carriage-drives in the same tasteful and picturesque manner as the rest of the demesne. The island is beyond doubt of artificial formation, a moat having been cut through a morass in the isthmus which connected it with the land at a remote date — in all probability, as a protection to the castle the ruins of which form a prominent feature of the island. Its area is about 150 statute acres, and it is about a mile in length. The shore is worn into every variety of creek, promontory and bay, with deeply indented fantastic and curious rocks.
Leaving Killarney by carriage, a short drive along the

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 50

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is Ross Island, part of the Kenmare estate. The island is beyond doubt of artificial formation. A moat was cut through the morass in the isthmus that once connected it to the land, at a remote date, in all probability as a protection to the castle whose ruins still form a prominent feature of the island. Its area is about 150 statute acres, and it is about a mile in length. The shore is worn into every variety of creek, promontory and bay, with deeply indented, fantastic and curious rocks. Walks and carriage-drives are laid out across it in the same tasteful and picturesque manner as the rest of the demesne.

Cappoquin town and its name

Cappoquin · town · Waterford

Cappoquin, whose name signifies 'Conn's tillage plot' per P.W. Joyce, is a small town of about a thousand people delightfully situated in picturesque countryside. The cherry introduced by Raleigh still flourishes there, and it serves as a centre for anglers and excursions.

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The name signifies " Conn's tillage plot " (P. W. Joyce). The little town, which has a population of rather more than a thousand, is delightfully situated, the surrounding country being very picturesque and containing some handsome seats. The fine species of cherry introduced by Raleigh still flourishes. Cappoquin is a good centre for anglers. Salmon-fishing can be obtained on certain conditions. Trout-fishing may be freely enjoyed within a minute's walk of Morrissey's Hotel. The town is also a point from which some charming excursions may be taken.
The most important is that to—

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 31

As the companion tells it

Cappoquin's name signifies Conn's tillage plot, according to P.W. Joyce. It's a small town of rather more than a thousand people, delightfully situated in very picturesque countryside that contains some handsome seats. The fine species of cherry introduced by Raleigh still flourishes. Cappoquin is a good centre for anglers. Salmon-fishing can be obtained on certain conditions, and trout-fishing may be freely enjoyed within a minute's walk of Morrissey's Hotel. The town is also a point from which some charming excursions may be taken.

Belvelly Castle, Hodnett and Barry seat

Belvelly · townland · Cork

The remains of Belvelly Castle on Great Island were formerly a seat of the Hodnetts and now form part of the Barry estate. Great Island was once known as Barrymore Island.

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Great Island is five miles from east to west and two from south to north. The circuit of the island may be made from Queenstown in a drive or cycle ride of about two hours. The views are varied and pleasing, but nothing calls for remark except the occasional martello towers and the remains of Belvelly Castle, formerly a seat of the Hodnetts, but now, like much of the land hereabouts, part of the Barry estate. Great Island was at one time known as Barry more Island.
Leaving Queenstown, one service of vessels proceeds in a south-easterly direction to Aghada, but it will be more convenient to regard this as a separate trip {see p. 54), and to continue the description of the Crosshaven route. We round the ugly but useful Spit Light, and presently have on the right the fortifications of Spike Island (p. 48) and on the left the queer-shaped promontory of Corkbeg, which bids fair one day to add another island to the already numerous archipelago in the harbour.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 23

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Belvelly, there are the remains of a castle that was once a seat of the Hodnetts. It stands on Great Island, which runs five miles from east to west and two from south to north. The land hereabouts, like the castle itself, now forms part of the Barry estate. Great Island was at one time known as Barrymore Island, a name that ties it to that same family. The guidebook that records this says the views around the island are varied and pleasing, and that the circuit of it can be made in a drive or cycle ride of about two hours from Queenstown. Apart from the occasional martello towers, the ruins of Belvelly Castle are the one thing that calls for remark. Not much else is said about it. No dates, no battles, no stories of who lived there or what became of them. Just that it belonged to the Hodnetts, and that it now belongs to the Barrys.

Carlisle Tower at Lismore Castle

Lismore · town · Waterford · 1850–1860

At the western angle of the river face of Lismore Castle rises the Carlisle Tower, named after the Earl of Carlisle, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in the mid-nineteenth century, who laid its foundation stone.

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At the eastern angle of the river front is the Tower of King James, so called from its having afforded brief shelter to that sovereign. In the rear of this is King John's Tower, said to have been the scene of the first parliament held in Ireland under the presidency of that prince. At the western angle of the river face rises the Carlisle Tower, named after the Earl of Carlisle, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in the middle of the nineteenth century, by whom the foundation stone was laid. The drawing-room is renowned for the loveliness of the view from the great bay window.
Lismore Cathedral (Church of Ireland) is mostly of seventeenth century work, the " great " Earl of Cork having expended a large sum upon it, but the spire is more modern ; while, on the other hand, some of the pillars in the nave belong to the thirteenth century. It stands on a height to the east of the town, and is chiefly remarkable for its inscribed slabs of ancient date.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 33

As the companion tells it

In the town of Lismore, the river face of the castle holds three towers. At the eastern angle stands the Tower of King James, so called for having given brief shelter to that sovereign. Behind it lies King John's Tower, said to have been the scene of the first parliament held in Ireland under the presidency of that prince. At the western angle rises the Carlisle Tower, named after the Earl of Carlisle, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in the middle of the 19th century, who laid its foundation stone. The castle's drawing-room is renowned for the loveliness of the view from the great bay window. Lismore Cathedral stands on a height to the east of the town. It is mostly 17th century work, the

Carrigrohane Castle on the steep rock

near Carrigrohane · townland · Cork

A castle stands high on the steep rock above Carrigrohane, visible from the railway route leaving Cork towards Blarney. The valley of the Lee presents pretty views at this point.

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Leaving the station, we run first along the roadside, having on our right the Mardyke, and presently the City Waterworks and the many-gabled Lunatic Asylum. On the left we have Queen's College and the Male Gaol. Between Victoria Cross and Carrigrohane is passed the Model Farm, where training is given in agriculture, dairy-farming, etc. The institution has been very successful. The valley of the Lee presents here and there as we get further from the city some pretty peeps. This is notably the case as Carrigrohane, above which, high on the steep rock, is a Castle. We shortly cross the Lee, and follow its tributary, the Shoumagh, a trout stream of some repute. The valley is now wider, and affords a more extensive view. Passing Healy Bridge we reach Junction, from which the main line continues westward to Coachford, g\ miles distant.
The principal stations on the Coachford line are at Cloghroe near to which is Ardrum Castle ; Dripsey, a place of much picturesqueness, containing the remains of Carrignamuck Castle, a kind of companion fortress to Blarney, and said to have been built by the same lord ; and Coachford, a prettily situated village much favoured by anglers.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 26

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, high on the steep rock above Carrigrohane, stands a castle. The valley of the Lee opens up as you travel further from the city of Cork, and there are pretty views along the way. The guidebook that recorded this route mentions the castle specifically, noting how it sits above Carrigrohane on the steep rock, visible to anyone passing below. Before reaching this point, the road passes between Victoria Cross and Carrigrohane, where there was once a Model Farm, an institution that gave training in agriculture and dairy-farming and was said to have been very successful. The Lee is crossed shortly after Carrigrohane, and the route then follows a tributary called the Shoumagh, which the guide describes as a trout stream of some repute. The valley widens beyond that crossing and affords a more extensive view of the surrounding country. The castle on the rock is the landmark that marks this stretch of the Lee valley.

Cloyne Cathedral and Bishop Berkeley

Cloyne · town · Cork · 1889

Cloyne Cathedral, now used as a Protestant church, is the seat of a very ancient diocese merged into that of Cork. A monument to Bishop Berkeley, the famous eighteenth-century metaphysician and former bishop, was placed in the cathedral in 1889.

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Cloyne Cathedral is now used as a Protestant Church and the diocese, a very ancient one, is merged in that of Cork A former bishop was Berkeley, the famous eighteenth century metaphysician. He was buried at Oxford, but a monument to his memory was placed in the cathedral in 1889.
There are two roads from Cloyne to Ballycotton and the coast, the more circuitous being known as the Shangarry road.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 25

As the companion tells it

The town of Cloyne has its cathedral, now a Protestant church, seat of a very ancient diocese merged into Cork. A former bishop here was Berkeley, the famous eighteenth-century metaphysician. He was buried at Oxford, but a monument to his memory was placed in the cathedral in 1889. Two roads lead from here to Ballycotton and the coast, the longer one called the Shangarry road.

Cork walls destroyed after siege, 'Rebel Cork' reputation

Cork · city · Cork

After the walls of Cork were destroyed, the city heard little more as a military centre, though it maintained its reputation as 'Rebel Cork' until well into the nineteenth century. Mr. Parnell was member for Cork at the time of his death.

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The walls were soon afterwards destroyed, and we hear little more of Cork as a military centre, though it maintained its reputation as " Rebel Cork " until well into the nineteenth century. Mr. Parnell, it will be remembered, was member for Cork at the time of his death, and the city very properly showed its respect for his memory by calling the former Anglesea Bridge by his name. In 1902 was held the Cork International Exhibition, which attracted large numbers of visitors from all parts.
Literary Associations.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 17

As the companion tells it

Cork kept its reputation as Rebel Cork well into the 1800s. After the walls were destroyed, the city was heard of little more as a military centre. Parnell was member for Cork at the time of his death, and the city showed its respect by renaming the former Anglesea Bridge after him. In 1902 the Cork International Exhibition drew large numbers of visitors from all parts.

Glacial lake Lough Coomanassig

Lough Coomanassig · lake or lakes · Kerry

Lough Coomanassig, situated 1,500 feet above sea level, is a glacial lake whose basin was hollowed out by a glacier. Lower down the valley, a moraine blocked the valley to form a second tarn known as the eagle's lough.

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from Kenmare to Killarney. Glacial lakes also abound in Kerry : Lough Coomanassig, 1,500 feet above the sea, is one. This basin was hollowed out by a glacier ; lower down the moraine blocked the valley, forming a second tarn — the eagle's lough. Ice helped to deepen, if not to form, the lakes of Killarney. Rounded and polished limestone is frequently seen, and many perched blocks — one near Dunmanway weighs some thousand tons. Near Kenmare may be seen a huge block of Old Red Sandstone resting on a limestone pillar 6 feet high, while in another direction a great block of limestone is found resting on Old Red Sandstone.
Chalybeate springs are common in county Cork. Good slates are also found, and copper, but the latter cannot be profitably worked. Various coloured marbles are found ; anthracite coal is worked. Lead, iron, manganese and ochre are also found, and were once much more worked than now. County Cork has many caves and underground streams.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 84

As the companion tells it

Lough Coomanassig is a glacial lake in Kerry, set 1,500 feet above the sea. A glacier hollowed out its basin. Lower down the valley, a moraine blocked the valley and formed a second tarn, known as the eagle's lough. Ice helped to deepen, if not to form, the lakes of Killarney too. The same forces left their marks across the region. Rounded and polished limestone is frequently seen, and many perched blocks. One near Dunmanway weighs some thousand tons. Near Kenmare, a huge block of Old Red Sandstone rests on a limestone pillar 6 feet high. In another direction, a great block of limestone is found resting on Old Red Sandstone. The land here still carries the shape of that ice, in the lakes it carved and the stones it left behind.

Glena Bay, the glen of good fortune

Glena · townland · Kerry

Glena Bay, meaning 'the glen of good fortune,' is a lovely bay entered after passing several islands including Stag Island, Burnt Island, Minister's Back, and Darbie's Garden. The voyage along the shore takes in the precipitous foot of Tomies Mountain.

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which rises precipitously to a height of 2,413 feet. We see many beautiful islands, in whose rifted rocks the ash and the oak have anchored their strong roots, and creeks and promontories where the arbutus displays its brilliant berries and wild roses are plentiful. Passing Stag Island, Burnt Island, Minister's Back and Darbie's Garden, we enter the lovely bay of Glena, " the glen of good fortune," and seek out the charming Cottage built by Lord Kenmare. Here we find every accommodation for luncheon. The cottage is another of the " Queen's Cottages," and in Queen Victoria's diary the in-
io8

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 53

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is Glena Bay, the glen of good fortune. The voyage along the shore takes in the precipitous foot of Tomies Mountain, rising to 2,413 feet. Many beautiful islands pass by, their rifted rocks holding ash and oak anchored by strong roots, with arbutus showing brilliant berries and wild roses plentiful along the creeks and promontories. Passing Stag Island, Burnt Island, Minister's Back and Darbie's Garden, you enter the lovely bay of Glena. There a charming cottage was built by Lord Kenmare. It is one of the Queen's Cottages, and Queen Victoria's diary records a visit. Every accommodation for luncheon could be found there.

Gougane Barra and its holy lake

near Gougane Barra · population centre · Cork

Gougane Barra, reached by coach through the Pass of Keimaneigh, was known for its holy lake. The return to Cork could be made via Macroom, making it part of a through-route.

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Yet another good trip can be made by the coach which leaves daily about 1 1 for the Kyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh and Gougane Barra, with its holy lake. The return to Cork can now be made this way via Macroom : the route is fully described in the reverse direction on pp. 174-7.
Glengariff to Bantry.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 74

As the companion tells it

Gougane Barra lies along a through-route travellers have long taken by coach. You come through the Pass of Keimaneigh, which the guide calls Kyber-like, and reach Gougane Barra and its holy lake. The return to Cork can be made via Macroom, making this part of a journey rather than a destination alone.

Gougane Barra the holy lake

near Gougane Barra · population centre · Cork

Gougane Barra is a celebrated "holy lake" situated a twenty-minute uphill walk from the coach-road cross-roads.

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A word of explanation is necessary. The coach-road does not actually pass the celebrated " holy lake.'' When the halt is made at the cross-roads, it is a sharp twenty minutes walk mostlv uphill, to the lake, following the direction indicated by the sign-post. A char-a-banc is provided for coach passengers free of charge.
The lake lies in a sequestered spot, environed on all save the eastern side by mountains of the steepest and most desolate aspect, which rise abruptly to a height of 1,800 feet. The dark shadows of these great overhanging cliffs are reflected in the glassy surface of the water. The lake itself is dark and lustrous as a polished slab of marble, and the gloomy grandeur of the cliffs is only relieved by the streams

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

Near Gougane Barra in Cork lies what was called the holy lake. The old coach-road did not pass it directly. Travellers halted at the cross-roads and walked a sharp 20 minutes, mostly uphill, following a sign-post. A char-a-banc carried coach passengers there free of charge. The lake sits in a sequestered spot, ringed on every side but the east by mountains of the steepest and most desolate aspect, rising abruptly to 1,800 feet. Dark shadows of overhanging cliffs are reflected in the glassy surface of the water. The lake itself is dark and lustrous as a polished slab of marble. The gloomy grandeur of the cliffs is only relieved by streams.

Haulbowline Island naval dockyard

near Haulbowline Island · townland · Cork

Haulbowline Island serves as a most important naval dockyard and military station in Cork Harbour, with extensive works still in progress. Rocky Island to the south is used for ammunition storage.

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At Monkstown the railway until recently ended, but the extension to Crosshaven is now complete, and the traveller bound for that place can keep his seat instead of having to change from train to steamer. Many passengers, however, if not pressed for time, still prefer to complete the journey by steamer, via Queenstown, as this affords an opportunity of seeing the Harbour. On leaving Monkstown, the Queensland steamer heads westward round White's Point for the channel between Great Island and Haulbowline Island. We have an excellent opportunity of seeing Haulbowline Island, and may even, if the tide permits, call at its pier, though an order must be obtained from the authorities before this and neighbouring islands can be visited. Haulbowline is a most important naval dockyard and military station, and extensive works are still in progress. Rocky Island, to the south, is principally used for the storage of ammunition. Spike Island, or Fort Westmoreland, still further south, is the largest of the group. It was formerly a convict station, and many of the government works were executed by convict labour. We see it to better advantage after leaving Queenstown.
Queenstown.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 23

As the companion tells it

Somewhere near here is Haulbowline Island, in Cork Harbour. The steamer from Monkstown heads westward round White's Point for the channel between Great Island and the island, giving an excellent view. Many passengers still prefer to complete the journey by steamer, via Queenstown, as this affords an opportunity of seeing the Harbour. You may even, if the tide permits, call at the island's pier, though an order must be obtained from the authorities before this and neighbouring islands can be visited. It is a most important naval dockyard and military station, and extensive works are still in progress. Rocky Island, to the south, is principally used for the storage of ammunition. Spike Island, or Fort Westmoreland, still further south, is the largest of the group. It was formerly a convict station, and many of the government works were executed by convict labour. It is seen to better advantage after leaving Queenstown.

Kilmallock, the Baalbec of Ireland

Kilmallock · town · Limerick

Kilmallock is noted for its numerous ruins including old castles, churches and spacious mansions, which attest its former magnificence and have given it the name of the Baalbec of Ireland.

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Kilmallock is noted for its numerous ruins— old castles, churches and spacious mansions, which attest its former magnificence, and have given it the name of the Baalbec of Ireland.
At Charleville, the direct line from Cork to Limerick leaves the mam line of the system.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 14

As the companion tells it

Kilmallock has been called the Baalbec of Ireland. Old castles, churches and spacious mansions stand here in ruin, and their number and scale attest a former magnificence the town no longer holds.

Lismore Cathedral and its ancient slabs

Lismore · town · Waterford · 1200–1700

Lismore Cathedral (Church of Ireland) stands on a height east of the town. Mostly seventeenth-century work funded by the Earl of Cork, it retains thirteenth-century nave pillars and is chiefly remarkable for its inscribed slabs of ancient date.

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Lismore Cathedral (Church of Ireland) is mostly of seventeenth century work, the " great " Earl of Cork having expended a large sum upon it, but the spire is more modern ; while, on the other hand, some of the pillars in the nave belong to the thirteenth century. It stands on a height to the east of the town, and is chiefly remarkable for its inscribed slabs of ancient date.
The cyclist or motorist who makes his way from —

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 33

As the companion tells it

Lismore stands on ground that has held a cathedral for centuries. The church here is mostly seventeenth-century work, paid for by the great Earl of Cork, though the spire is more modern than that. Some of the nave pillars go back to the thirteenth century. The cathedral sits on a height east of the town, and what makes it remarkable is its inscribed slabs of ancient date.

Panorama from Mangerton summit

Mangerton · townland · Kerry

At 2,756 feet, the ordnance-marked summit of Mangerton yields a sweeping panorama of the three Killarney lakes, the Macgillycuddy Reeks, Carran Tual, the Shannon, Dingle Bay and the Kenmare Fiord.

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By the time the ordnance mark on the summit is in sight, the path becomes less difficult, for we tread on a peaty soil. At the mound we are 2,756 feet above the sea, and a glorious panorama rewards our exertions. Away to the east, the Boggerah Mountains and the Paps loom cloud-like and blue ; far on the north, the river Shannon is just discernible, and nearer rise the Slieve Miskish Mountains ; on the west we view the rocky ranges of Iveragh, Dingle Bay and the Kenmare Fiord ; southward we see the distant Caha Mountains that shadow Glengariff and rise over Bantry Bay. But nearer there are greater charms of scenery, for the three lakes he at our feet, and we overlook their fairy islands. I he town seems but a stone's-throw away, and we can trace the roads that converge to it for many a mile into the country. Like silver threads, we see the streams and rivers running amongst verdant meadows, with the gem-like sheen of the arbutus bowers that gird the glancing lakes ; higher, is a darker zone of tasselled pines. The Macgillycuddy Reeks stand out m all their magnificence, Carran Tual like a monarch proudly overtopping all. Nearer yet, the Purple Mountain and the Tomies rear their^peaks ; and closer still are the Drooping Mountain and Tore.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 46

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is the summit of Mangerton, marked by an ordnance mark at 2,756 feet above the sea. The path grows less difficult near the top, the ground turning peaty underfoot, and the view opens out in every direction. To the east, the Boggerah Mountains and the Paps loom cloud-like and blue. Far to the north, the river Shannon is just discernible, and nearer rise the Slieve Miskish Mountains. Westward lie the rocky ranges of Iveragh, Dingle Bay, and the Kenmare Fiord. Southward stand the distant Caha Mountains that shadow Glengariff and rise over Bantry Bay. But the nearer view holds greater charms. The three lakes and their fairy islands lie below. The town seems but a stone's-throw away, and the roads converging on it can be traced for many a mile into the country. Streams and rivers run like silver threads among verdant meadows, with the gem-like sheen of arbutus bowers girdling the glancing lakes. Higher up, a darker zone of tasselled pines. The Macgillycuddy Reeks stand out in all their magnificence, Carran Tual like a monarch proudly overtopping all. Nearer yet, the Purple Mountain and the Tomies rear their peaks, and closer still are the Drooping Mountain and Tore.

Perched glacial blocks near Kenmare

Kenmare · townland · Kerry

Near Kenmare, glacial action left striking perched blocks: a huge block of Old Red Sandstone resting on a limestone pillar 6 feet high, and elsewhere a great block of limestone resting on Old Red Sandstone. These demonstrate the area's complex glacial geology.

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from Kenmare to Killarney. Glacial lakes also abound in Kerry : Lough Coomanassig, 1,500 feet above the sea, is one. This basin was hollowed out by a glacier ; lower down the moraine blocked the valley, forming a second tarn — the eagle's lough. Ice helped to deepen, if not to form, the lakes of Killarney. Rounded and polished limestone is frequently seen, and many perched blocks — one near Dunmanway weighs some thousand tons. Near Kenmare may be seen a huge block of Old Red Sandstone resting on a limestone pillar 6 feet high, while in another direction a great block of limestone is found resting on Old Red Sandstone.
Chalybeate springs are common in county Cork. Good slates are also found, and copper, but the latter cannot be profitably worked. Various coloured marbles are found ; anthracite coal is worked. Lead, iron, manganese and ochre are also found, and were once much more worked than now. County Cork has many caves and underground streams.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 84

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, glaciers left stone balanced on stone. The ice that moved through Kerry hollowed out basins and piled moraines across valleys, forming tarns like Lough Coomanassig, 1,500 feet above the sea, and a second one lower down that the book calls the eagle's lough. Ice helped deepen the lakes of Killarney, if it did not form them. Rounded and polished limestone is frequently seen across this country, and many perched blocks. One near Dunmanway weighs some thousand tons. Near Kenmare, a huge block of Old Red Sandstone rests on a limestone pillar 6 feet high. In another direction, a great block of limestone is found resting on Old Red Sandstone. The ice carried each one and set it down where it did not belong, sandstone on limestone, limestone on sandstone, and there it has stayed.

Ruined Templenakilla Church near Waterville

Templenakilla · ecclesiastical site · Kerry

About a mile south of Waterville, on the road towards Derrynane, stands the ruined Templenakilla Church, passed on the left as the road winds upward towards Coomakista Pass.

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Leaving Waterville, and crossing the bridge at its southern end, we enter on the most interesting section of the drive. Our road at first winds upwards, till at Coomakista Pass it is 700 feet above the sea. We get charming views of the mountains on the left, and of the almost circular bay, with its numberless islands, on the right. In about a mile we pass, on the left, the ruined Templenakilla Church. Driving on for about five miles, our road descends to the sea on the shore of Derrynane Bay, a small inlet of the Atlantic separated from Ballinskelligs Bay by Hog's Head and from the Kenmare estuary by Lamb Head, the most southerly cape of county Kerry. In Derrynane Bay are Scariff Island and many other rocky islets. On our right, close to the road leading to Caherdaniel, is a circular fort in remarkably good preservation. On the shore of the bay is —
Derrynane,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 65

As the companion tells it

A ruined church, Templenakilla, stands about a mile south of Waterville on the road towards Derrynane. The road winds upwards toward Coomakista Pass, where it reaches 700 feet above the sea. From the road, mountains and an almost circular bay with numberless islands are visible. Beyond the church, the road descends for about five miles to the shore of Derrynane Bay, a small inlet of the Atlantic. Derrynane Bay is separated from Ballinskelligs Bay by Hog's Head, and from the Kenmare estuary by Lamb Head, the most southerly cape of county Kerry. Scariff Island and many other rocky islets lie in the bay. Close to the road leading to Caherdaniel stands a circular fort in remarkably good preservation.

St Colman's Cathedral, Queenstown

Cobh · municipal district · Cork

The richly decorated Roman Catholic Cathedral in Queenstown, dedicated to St Colman, is built in florid Gothic style with an elaborately carved west front. Though still incomplete, around £100,000 had already been spent on its construction.

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The only notable building in Queenstown is the richly^ decorated Roman Catholic Cathedral — surely one of the most finely situated in the kingdom. It is dedicated to St. Colman, and, though still far from complete, should on no account be omitted from the programme of the sightseer. The style is a florid Gothic, the light and spacious interior being as pleasing to the eye as the exterior. The west front is elaborately carved. Funds are lacking to complete the tower, but we believe something like ^100,000 have already been spent.
Great Island is five miles from east to west and two from south to north. The circuit of the island may be made from Queenstown in a drive or cycle ride of about two hours. The views are varied and pleasing, but nothing calls for remark except the occasional martello towers and the remains of Belvelly Castle, formerly a seat of the Hodnetts, but now, like much of the land hereabouts, part of the Barry estate. Great Island was at one time known as Barry more Island.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 23

As the companion tells it

As you pass through Cobh, there is a richly decorated Roman Catholic cathedral, dedicated to St Colman, surely one of the most finely situated in the kingdom. Though still far from complete, the guide says it should on no account be omitted from the programme of the sightseer. The style is florid Gothic, the light and spacious interior as pleasing to the eye as the exterior. The west front is elaborately carved. Funds are lacking to complete the tower, but something like 100,000 pounds had already been spent on its construction. The guide notes it as the only notable building in Queenstown. Great Island, on which the town stands, runs five miles from east to west and two from south to north. The circuit can be made in a drive or cycle ride of about two hours, with varied and pleasing views, and occasional martello towers along the way. The remains of Belvelly Castle, formerly a seat of the Hodnetts, now part of the Barry estate, also stand on the island, once known as Barry more Island.

St. Finn Barre's Hermitage at Gougane Barra

near Gougane Barra · population centre · Cork

Gougane Barra is described as a holy lake and is the site of St. Finn Barre's Hermitage, which visitors reached via a side trip from the cross-roads during the coach interval.

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Refreshments.— It is usual to stop at Inchigeela {Lake Hotel) for luncheon. Parties coming in the opposite direction, i.e. from Glengariff, may be advised to take luncheon with them, as the refreshments at Gougane Barra cross-roads are of a distinctly primitive kind, and it is too long to wait until the arrival of the coach at Inchigeela. The interval at Gougane Barra is, moreover, wanted for the side trip to the Lake and to St. Finn Barre's Hermitage.
ALTHOUGH in reality an older route than the Prince of Wales route described in the last chapter, the Macroom, or " Tourists " route, was only properly opened in 1898, by the arrangement of inclusive fares for rail and coach. The road from Macroom to Glengariff has long been known to a few hardy and adventurous cyclists, but so far as tourists generally are concerned, we are safe in saying that it is almost terra incognita. We describe it here in the westward direction, as the scenery ahead is distinctly better this way ; but the route is, of course, equally available from Killarney and Glengariff, tickets being obtainable at either place, and at the principal stations of the Great Southern and Western Railway. The long chain of lakes at Inchigeela, the holy lake of Gougane Barra, and the Khyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh, make this route a very attractive one.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

The road passes near Gougane Barra, a holy lake and the site of St. Finn Barre's Hermitage. In the days of coach travel, the interval at Gougane Barra cross-roads was wanted for the side trip to the lake and to the hermitage. Travellers coming from Glengariff were advised to take luncheon with them, for the refreshments at the cross-roads were, in the guide's words, "of a distinctly primitive kind," and it was too long to wait until the arrival of the coach at Inchigeela, where it was usual to stop at the Lake Hotel. The road from Macroom to Glengariff, known as the Tourists route, was properly opened in 1898 by the arrangement of inclusive fares for rail and coach. Before that it had been known only to a few hardy and adventurous cyclists. For tourists generally it was almost unknown territory. The guide describes it in the westward direction, because the scenery ahead is distinctly better that way, but tickets were obtainable at either Killarney or Glengariff, and at the principal stations of the Great Southern and Western Railway. The long chain of lakes at Inchigeela, the holy lake of Gougane Barra, and the Khyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh made the route attractive.

Stone fountain in Waterville memorial to James Butler

Waterville · townland · Kerry

The first object to arrest attention on entering Waterville, close to the Bay View Hotel, is a handsome stone fountain erected to the memory of James Butler. The village stands on a narrow isthmus between Ballinskelligs Bay and Lough Currane.

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The village, which bids fair shortly to become a town, is largely resorted to by anglers, who find good sport in the lough and in the many streams and lakes in the neighbourhood. Fishing is, for the most part, free ; salmon and brown and white trout are plentiful. The first object to arrest attention on entering the place (close to the Bay View Hotel) is a handsome stone fountain erected to the memory of James Butler. Here is the junction with another road which comes directly through the mountains from Kiharney, thirty-seven miles distant to the north-east, passing attractive Glencar on the way (see p. 1 30). The village is a tempting place of sojourn, commanding magnificent views of the Atlantic on the one hand, and of the mountains on the other ; and it is within three minutes' walk of Lough Currane. There is excellent sea bathing, the sands being level for a considerable distance from the shore, and one of the prettiest golf courses in Ireland. The salmon hatchery is also worth a visit. Here, also, the Commercial Cable Company land two of their cables — the latest completed in 1894 ; and their station, with the houses of the officials, is quite a feature of the village. The instrument rooms and so forth may be inspected on application. Two other cables connect France, near Havre, and England, near Weston-super-Mare, with this point. Moreover, at Ballinskelligs, across the bay, directly opposite Waterville, the station of the United States Cable Company may be seen. The village is clustered on the banks of the little river, a few hundred yards in length, which carries into the bay the surplus water of —
Lough Currane,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 64

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is a stone fountain, erected to the memory of James Butler. A guide from the late nineteenth century says it was the first object to arrest attention on entering Waterville, close to the Bay View Hotel. The village stood on a narrow isthmus between Ballinskelligs Bay and Lough Currane, and was already bidding fair to become a town. Anglers came for the good sport in the lough and the many streams and lakes nearby. Fishing was mostly free, with salmon and brown and white trout plentiful. Here was also a junction with another road coming directly through the mountains from Killarney, thirty-seven miles to the north-east, passing Glencar on the way. The village commanded magnificent views of the Atlantic on one hand and the mountains on the other. It was within three minutes' walk of Lough Currane. There was excellent sea bathing, the sands level for a considerable distance from the shore, and one of the prettiest golf courses in Ireland. The salmon hatchery was worth a visit. The Commercial Cable Company landed two of their cables here, the latest completed in 1894. Their station, with the houses of the officials, was quite a feature of the village. The instrument rooms could be inspected on application. Two other cables connected France, near Havre, and England, near Weston-super-Mare, with this point. At Ballinskelligs, across the bay, the station of the United States Cable Company could be seen. The village clustered on the banks of a little river, a few hundred yards in length, which carried the surplus water of Lough Currane into the bay.

Tourin Castle and Knockmealdown Mountains

Tourin · townland · Waterford

Tourin Castle lies on the left bank of the River Blackwater, while the massive Knockmealdown Mountains rise on the right bank. The spire of the abbey on Mount Melleray can be distinguished in the distance.

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Tourin Castle lies on the left bank, whilst on the right are the massive mountains of Knockmealdown, and we can distinguish in the distance the spire of the abbey on Mount Melleray. From Camphire to Cappoquin is considered by many the finest part of the river. The many islets add greatly to the picturesqueness of the waterway. In the grounds attached to Affane House, a short distance up the Finish (right), Raleigh is said to have planted the first cherry tree seen in Ireland, being one that he brought from the Canary Isles.
, Cappoquin.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 31

As the companion tells it

Close to Tourin, a castle stands on the left bank of the River Blackwater, and across the water the Knockmealdown Mountains rise on the right bank. In the distance you can make out the spire of the abbey on Mount Melleray. The stretch from Camphire to Cappoquin is considered by many the finest part of the river, with many islets adding to the beauty of the waterway. A short distance up the Finish, in the grounds of Affane House, Raleigh is said to have planted the first cherry tree seen in Ireland, brought from the Canary Isles.

Venerable abbeys of Aghadoe, Inisfallen and Muckross

Muckross · townland · Kerry

The abbeys of Aghadoe, Inisfallen, and Muckross are described as venerable memorials of past piety looming over the placid waters of the Lakes of Killarney. Along with Druidic stone circles, these ruins enhance the natural beauty of the district with human sympathy.

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Throughout the entire district, as if to enhance its purely natural attractiveness with the touch of human sympathy are scattered numerous memorials of the greatness or piety of the^past-the mystic stone circles wherein the Druids celebrated their mysterious rites; the venerable abbeys of Aghadoe, Inmsfallen and Muckross, looming out over the placid water of the lake, conspicuous in the landscape
Killarney in the numberless objects of interest, scenic and historic, that it offers to the sightseer, may be said to present an embarras de richesse. ■" ^owhere in the kingdom," says a leading medical writer *

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 9

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, the old abbeys of Aghadoe, Inisfallen, and Muckross stand as memorials of past piety, looming out over the placid water of the lake, conspicuous in the landscape. They are scattered through the whole district alongside the mystic stone circles where the Druids celebrated their mysterious rites, as if to enhance the natural beauty of the place with a touch of human sympathy. Killarney presents what one writer called an embarras de richesse, numberless objects of interest both scenic and historic offered to the sightseer.

North Abbey fragments at Youghal

Youghal · town · Cork · 1269

Just beyond the town walls at the north end of Main Street stand the west gable of the church and a few other fragments of North Abbey, founded by a Fitzgerald in 1269.

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Just beyond the town walls, at the north end of Main street, are the west gable of the church and a few other fragments of North Abbey, founded by a Fitzgerald in 1269
From Youghal the tourist can take the half-hourly ferry and proceed to Ardmore (6 miles), with its interesting ecclesiastical remains (see our Guide to Water ford, etc.).

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 30

As the companion tells it

Youghal holds the remains of North Abbey. Just beyond the town walls, at the north end of Main Street, the west gable of the church still stands, with a few other fragments. A Fitzgerald founded the abbey in 1269. Not much else survives of it.

Glencar compared to a Swiss valley

near Glencar · population centre · Kerry

Glencar is described as resembling a lovely Swiss valley on a reduced scale, hemmed in by mountains in a great circle seven or eight miles in diameter. The district is growing in popularity and is much frequented by sportsmen.

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" Here," it has been well said, " one may easily imagine himself transferred to a lovely Swiss valley on a reduced scale. The high ground where the hotel stands is nearly the centre of a great circle, seven or eight miles in diameter, hemmed in by mountains of varying height, and apparently cut off from the outer world save by the small pass by which we entered. About two and a half hours' stay is allowed here, and the cars take us to the boat at Blackstones Bridge, at the head of Lake Caragh. Instead of driving, the visitor may walk by the river along the fisherman's path, passing several rapids and large salmon pools, and through groves of birch trees. The surroundings of Lickeen House, at the end of the lake, rival the picturesque part of the Trossachs, but on a much smaller scale— the same abundance of moss-covered birch trees, quiet sylvan retreats, and glistening water everywhere meets the eye. Rowing down the lake, on the way to Caragh railway station, some very fine cliffs and headlands are passed, extending all along the lake on the east side, and the scenery is very varied and beautiful as we approach the end of our journey.
W. Lawrence,]

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 60

As the companion tells it

Glencar is a place people have likened to a lovely Swiss valley on a reduced scale. The high ground where the hotel stands is near the centre of a great circle, seven or eight miles in diameter, hemmed in by mountains of varying height. You seem cut off from the outer world, save by the small pass through which the road enters. The district is growing in popularity and much frequented by sportsmen. From here, cars take visitors to the boat at Blackstones Bridge, at the head of Lake Caragh. Instead of driving, a visitor may walk by the river along the fisherman's path, passing several rapids and large salmon pools, and through groves of birch trees. The surroundings of Lickeen House, at the end of the lake, are said to rival the picturesque part of the Trossachs, but on a much smaller scale. The same abundance of moss-covered birch trees, quiet sylvan retreats, and glistening water everywhere meets the eye. Rowing down the lake toward Caragh railway station, very fine cliffs and headlands are passed, extending all along the lake on the east side, and the scenery is varied and beautiful as you approach the end of the journey.

Round Hill ancient stronghold at Lismore

Lismore · town · Waterford

The Round Hill, an ancient stronghold, lies near the south-side road between Cappoquin and Lismore. It was formerly known by the name now borne by the neighbouring town — Lismore, meaning 'the great fort.'

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The road on the south side of the river affords most delightful views of the opposite and more wooded part of the valley. The tourist who makes it his choice must cross Cappoquin Bridge and then turn to the right. At the end of a mile he will be at the brink of the river, just opposite Salterbridge House, and for the next mile and a half will travel by the side of the stream. When he gets abreast of a wooded islet, he will rind that the road turns to the left, while on the right is the Round Hill, an ancient stronghold formerly known by the name now borne by the neighbouring town — Lismore, the great fort. At the end of another quarter of a mile the traveller must bear to the right, and then a straight mile or so lies between him and —
Lismore,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 32

As the companion tells it

Lismore takes its name from the Round Hill, an ancient stronghold that once carried that same name. Lismore means the great fort. The stronghold gave its name to the town, so the place you are passing through or near grew from a fort older than any of the buildings here now.

Dominican Church of St. Mary's, Cork

Cork · city · Cork

The Dominican Church of St. Mary's, located a quarter mile along the north side of the river from St. Patrick's Bridge, is admired for the chasteness of its style and just proportions. Its Ionic portico is a prominent feature in views from the bridge.

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Having regained St. Patrick's Bridge, a walk of a quarter of a mile along the north side of the river would bring us to the Dominican Church of St. Mary's, the Ionic portico of which stands out so clearly in the view from St. Patrick s Bridge. The church is deservedly admired for the chasteness of its style and its just proportions.
On the opposite bank of the river, but not quite so far from St. Patrick's Bridge, is the Cork Opera House.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0

As the companion tells it

As the road passes through Cork, there is the Dominican Church of St. Mary's, a quarter mile along the river from St. Patrick's Bridge. Its Ionic portico stands out clearly in the view from that bridge. The church is admired for what the guide calls the chasteness of its style and its just proportions.

Hore Abbey near the Rock of Cashel

Hore Abbey · ecclesiastical site · Tipperary · 1278

The Grey, or Hore, Abbey was founded by David MacCawell, Archbishop of Cashel, in 1278. It is a picturesque ruin about a quarter of a mile from the Rock but in full view of it.

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of the Rock are among the finest in the country. The edifice was benevolently burnt in 149 c; by the Earl of Kildare because he thought the archbishop was within ! " This candid explanation, curiously enough, gained for him the appointment of lord-deputy of Ireland. Besides the Cathedral, there are on the rock Cormac's Chapel, built in 1127 and the palace of the kings of Munster, with its famous round tower, 90 feet high. The Grey, or Hore, Abbey, founded by David MacCawell, Archbishop of Cashel in 1278, is a picturesque ruin about a quarter of a mile from— but in full view of — the Rock.
Passing Dundrum, we reach Limerick Junction (ref. room) where the Waterford, Limerick and Western Railway crosses the Great Southern and Western line. Leaving the station we have a good view leftward of the Galtee Mountains, which embrace some of the most lofty in the south of Ireland, the long hill of Slieve-na-Muck extending east and west in front

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 14

As the companion tells it

Hore Abbey is also called the Grey Abbey. It was founded in 1278 by David MacCawell, Archbishop of Cashel. The guidebook calls it a picturesque ruin, standing about a quarter of a mile from the Rock of Cashel but in full view of it. That is what the record gives for the abbey itself. The Rock beside it carries older and more violent history. Cormac's Chapel on the Rock was built in 1127. The palace of the kings of Munster stood there, with its famous round tower rising 90 feet. The Cathedral on the Rock was burnt by the Earl of Kildare, who thought the archbishop was within. The book calls this a candid explanation, and notes that it gained him the appointment of lord-deputy of Ireland.

Innisfallen: Moore's fairy isle of the lakes

Innisfallen · townland · Kerry

Innisfallen, the most charming isle on Lough Leane, was made famous by Moore's verses. It possesses groves of arbutus, hill, valley, and meadow, with glassy waters reflecting the overlooking mountains under an intense blue sky.

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certainly the most charming of the isles on Lough Leane, and made famous the world over by Moore's beautiful lines .
"Sweet Innisfallen, fare thee well,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 51

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Innisfallen lies the most charming of the isles on Lough Leane, made famous the world over by Moore's beautiful lines. "Sweet Innisfallen, fare thee well," he wrote.

Bishop Delany statue in Cork

Cork · city · Cork · 1890

In the open space in front of the North Chapel's main entrance stands a bronze statue of Bishop Delany, D.D., erected in 1890. It commemorates the bishop alongside the cathedral founded by Dr. Moylan.

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or the North Chapel. It was built in 1808, and boasts a massive and lofty tower, but architecturally it is not a success. The interior is in striking contrast to the plain exterior, and deserves to be seen, though the tourist may object to the over-elaboration of some of the details, and the almost gaudy appearance of the whole. A monument by Turnerelli, near the altar, commemorates Dr. Moylan, the founder of the cathedral, and in the open space in front of the main entrance is a bronze statue of Bishop Delany, D.D., erected in 1890.
By following the squalid Old Chapel Lane up the hill, with the Fever Hospital on the left hand, one reaches the Old Youghal Road, which may be described as the " Northern Heights " of Cork, affording an excellent view over the city and harbour. The Barracks and camp field are up here, and the tunnel of the Great Southern and Western Railway, leading to Glanmire station, runs below.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0

As the companion tells it

In Cork, there is a bronze statue of Bishop Delany, erected in 1890, standing in the open space in front of the North Chapel's main entrance. The chapel was built in 1808 and has a massive and lofty tower, though the guidebook says architecturally it is "not a success." The interior is a striking contrast to the plain exterior and deserves to be seen, though the tourist may object to what the book calls "the over-elaboration of some of the details, and the almost gaudy appearance of the whole." Near the altar, a monument by Turnerelli commemorates Dr. Moylan, the founder of the cathedral. So Bishop Delany stands outside a chapel Moylan founded, two churchmen remembered at one entrance. Up the hill along Old Chapel Lane, past the Fever Hospital, you reach the Old Youghal Road, what the guide calls the "Northern Heights" of Cork, with a view over the city and harbour.

Caragh Lake described as beautiful and unspoiled

near Lough Caragh · population centre · Kerry

Caragh Lake is a beautiful sheet of water about six miles long and a mile broad in places, with a castellated hotel tower on its wooded shore. The guide notes it is to a great extent virgin touring ground, surpassing even Killarney in beauty.

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[Hotel : Great Southern], a beautiful sheet of water about six miles long and in places a mile broad. Near the station is a fine hotel, under the control of the Great Southern and Western Railway Company, the white castellated tower of which, on the wooded shore of the lake, attracts attention from the railway. The pretty river Caragh, five miles long, connecting the lough with the sea, is famous for salmon and trout. Indeed, all the streams hereabouts are fishful. A salmon and trout hatchery has been constructed in the hotel grounds. Good rough shooting
grouse, woodcock, duck, etc. — can be had in plenty on the

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 60

As the companion tells it

Near Lough Caragh you pass a sheet of water about six miles long and in places a mile broad. Near the station stands a fine hotel run by the Great Southern and Western Railway Company. Its white castellated tower rises on the wooded shore and draws the eye from the railway. The pretty river Caragh, five miles long, connects the lough with the sea, and is famous for salmon and trout. All the streams hereabouts are fishful. A salmon and trout hatchery has been built in the hotel grounds. Good rough shooting can be had in plenty, with grouse, woodcock and duck. The guide calls this virgin touring ground, surpassing even Killarney in beauty.

Corkbeg promontory, future island

Corkbeg · townland · Cork

The queer-shaped promontory of Corkbeg in Cork Harbour bids fair one day to add another island to the archipelago, as it appears to be gradually detaching from the mainland.

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Leaving Queenstown, one service of vessels proceeds in a south-easterly direction to Aghada, but it will be more convenient to regard this as a separate trip {see p. 54), and to continue the description of the Crosshaven route. We round the ugly but useful Spit Light, and presently have on the right the fortifications of Spike Island (p. 48) and on the left the queer-shaped promontory of Corkbeg, which bids fair one day to add another island to the already numerous archipelago in the harbour.
Carlisle Fort frowns above us on the east, and to the west we have a much indented coast-line, backed by hills and woods. Nearing Currabinny we sight to the right what is apparently a wide creek running inland as far as some woods, a mile or so away. , To this creek a pretty story is attached which Englishmen cannot but love to hear. In the first place the creek is not a creek at all, but a river, known variously as the Carrigaline River, or the Owenabwee, " Amber Water." Then, instead of a seeming course of one mile, it extends inland, after a sharp twist, for something like twenty miles, further, in fact, than to Kinsale Junction, on the Bandon line. For the first five miles or so, to the Carrigaline road, the water is fairly deep, and navigable at high tide. In the year 1587 Admiral Sir Francis Drake, having singed the Spaniard's beard and committed other enormities, found it convenient to show a glean pair of heels to a powerful

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 23

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is a queer-shaped promontory called Corkbeg. It sits in Cork Harbour, and it bids fair one day to add another island to the already numerous archipelago in the harbour. It appears to be gradually detaching from the mainland. The passage that records this describes a journey leaving Queenstown by vessel. One service proceeds south-east to Aghada, but the route described is the Crosshaven route. The vessel rounds the Spit Light, described as ugly but useful. The fortifications of Spike Island appear on one side, and Corkbeg on the other. Carlisle Fort frowns above on the east, and to the west lies a much indented coast-line, backed by hills and woods. Nearing Currabinny, there is what appears to be a wide creek running inland as far as some woods, a mile or so away. A story is attached to it. The creek is not a creek at all but a river, known as the Carrigaline River, or the Owenabwee, "Amber Water." Instead of a seeming course of one mile, it extends inland, after a sharp twist, for something like twenty miles, further than Kinsale Junction on the Bandon line. For the first five miles or so, to the Carrigaline road, the water is fairly deep and navigable at high tide. In the year 1587, Admiral Sir Francis Drake, having singed the Spaniard's beard and committed other enormities, found it convenient to show a clean pair of heels to a powerful force.

Crosshaven Village and Resort

Crosshaven · town · Cork

Crosshaven, a small village with a large hotel, served as a seaside resort for Cork City, easily accessed by railway and steamer. It offered proximity to Church Bay and Myrtleville Bay and was known for its winding, tree-shadowed lanes.

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Crosshaven is as yet only a small village with a large hotel. Now that the new railway adds its quota of pleasure-seekers to those brought by the steamers, the small village is likely to become a large one, and the large hotel larger still. The railway from Monkstown to Crosshaven brings one through lovely country, passing Drake's Pool and Carrigaline Castle. Though itself somewhat sheltered, and denied an ocean view, Crosshaven is within easy distance of Church Bay and Myrtleville Bay on the coast. What Brighton is to London, Crosshaven is to Cork, and during the summer the accommodation of the place is sometimes severely taxed. Combined railway and hotel tickets are issued, and a week-end (Saturday to Monday) can be spent at the Crosshaven Hotel for 18/6, including fare from and to Cork. A modern Church stands close to the village. There are a number of pretty walks in the locality, the deep-set, tree-shadowed lanes, with their numerous twists and turns, reminding one of the famous Jersey lanes.
On the hill above Crosshaven stands the desolate and forsaken ruin of Templebrady Church, a prominent object both from sea and harbour.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 24

As the companion tells it

Crosshaven is a small village with a large hotel, a seaside resort for Cork. A new railway brings pleasure-seekers to join those who come by steamer, and the village is likely to grow. The railway runs from Monkstown through lovely country, passing Drake's Pool and Carrigaline Castle. Though Crosshaven itself is sheltered and has no ocean view, it lies within easy distance of Church Bay and Myrtleville Bay on the coast. What Brighton is to London, Crosshaven is to Cork, and in summer the accommodation is sometimes severely taxed. Combined railway and hotel tickets are issued. A weekend, Saturday to Monday, at the Crosshaven Hotel costs 18 shillings and sixpence, including fare from and to Cork. A modern church stands close to the village. There are pretty walks in the locality, deep-set, tree-shadowed lanes with numerous twists and turns, reminding one of the famous Jersey lanes. On the hill above Crosshaven stands the desolate and forsaken ruin of Templebrady Church, a prominent object from both sea and harbour.

Fastnet Rock Lighthouse

near Fastnet Rock · townland · Cork

On the summit of the Fastnet Rock, about four miles west by south of Cape Clear Island, is a lighthouse whose light is 148 feet above high-water mark and visible for eighteen miles, with a flash of five seconds per minute.

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three miles long by one and a half broad at its widest part. It is almost divided in two near its southern extremity. This, the highest part of the island, presents an inaccessible cliff to the sea, and— as every schoolboy knows— is the first land sighted by vessels on their approach from America. On the summit of the Fastnet Rock, distant about four miles west by south, is a lighthouse, the light of which is 148 feet above high-water mark, and is visible for eighteen miles. It has a flash of five seconds per minute.
The island of Clear is called in the old Irish MSS. Inish Damhly, and m the ecclesiastical books, Insula Sancta Clara. It is so far from the centre of civilisation that the inhabitants have retained more of their original customs and lan guage than is the case in any other part of the United Kingdom.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 78

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here, on the summit of Fastnet Rock, stands a lighthouse. The rock sits about four miles west by south of Cape Clear Island. The light is 148 feet above high-water mark and visible for eighteen miles, with a flash of five seconds per minute. Cape Clear itself is three miles long and a mile and a half broad at its widest. It is almost divided in two near its southern end. The highest part presents an inaccessible cliff to the sea, and it is the first land sighted by vessels approaching from America. The island is called Inish Damhly in the old Irish manuscripts, and Insula Sancta Clara in the ecclesiastical books. It is so far from the centre of civilisation that the inhabitants have retained more of their original customs and language than is the case in any other part of the United Kingdom.

Inchigeela as an angling destination

Inchigeelagh · townland · Cork

The village of Inchigeela, located ten miles from Macroom, is a popular destination for anglers due to the plentiful trout in its neighbouring lakes and rivers.

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At Inehigeela (Lake Hotel) a halt is called. We are now ten miles from Macroom, and thirty-four from Cork. The village is mostly resorted to by anglers, trout being plentiful in the neighbouring lakes and rivers. Boats can be hired at sixpence an hour.
Leaving Inehigeela, we commence the second section of the drive. It is a noteworthy feature of this route that it presents a sample of almost every kind of scenery. Macroom to Inehigeela is chiefly interesting for the prospect ahead ; Inehigeela to Gougane Barra for the soft loveliness of the lakes • Gougane Barra and Keimaneigh for stern, rugged, mountain scenery ; Keimaneigh to Glengariff for the fine distant seascapes and mountain backgrounds. Five miles after leaving Inehigeela village we have, close to the road, a chain of no less "than six lakes or " broads," the largest of which is Lough Allua. The lakes are really an expansion of the Lee. With their fringe of rushes, white water-lilies and setting of firs, the waters are distinctly picturesque, though they lack the overshadowing heights which give to the lakes of Cumberland and Westmorland so much of their grandeur. The curiously shaped height to the left, which has been for some time conspicuous, is the Sheehy Mountain (i,747 feet). The mountains now close in on either side, and three miles westward of the hamlet of Ballingeary, we stop at Gougane Barra cross-roads, twenty miles from Macroom.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

Somewhere around here is the village of Inchigeela, where a halt is called at the Lake Hotel. It lies ten miles from Macroom and thirty-four from Cork. The village is mostly resorted to by anglers, trout being plentiful in the neighbouring lakes and rivers. Boats can be hired at sixpence an hour. From here the second section of the drive begins, and it is a noteworthy feature of this route that it presents a sample of almost every kind of scenery. The stretch from Macroom to Inchigeela is chiefly interesting for the prospect ahead, while Inchigeela to Gougane Barra is known for the soft loveliness of the lakes. Gougane Barra and Keimaneigh offer stern, rugged mountain scenery, and Keimaneigh to Glengariff gives fine distant seascapes and mountain backgrounds. Five miles after leaving Inchigeela village, close to the road, there is a chain of no less than six lakes, the largest of which is Lough Allua. These lakes are really an expansion of the Lee. With their fringe of rushes, white water-lilies and a setting of firs, the waters are distinctly picturesque. The curiously shaped height nearby is Sheehy Mountain, standing at 1,747 feet. The mountains close in on either side, and three miles west of the hamlet of Ballingeary, the road stops at Gougane Barra cross-roads, twenty miles from Macroom.

Keimaneigh Pass: Khyber-like mountain defile

near Keimaneigh · pass · Cork

The Pass of Keimaneigh is likened to the Khyber Pass and, together with the holy lake of Gougane Barra, makes the Macroom route particularly attractive to travellers.

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ALTHOUGH in reality an older route than the Prince of Wales route described in the last chapter, the Macroom, or " Tourists " route, was only properly opened in 1898, by the arrangement of inclusive fares for rail and coach. The road from Macroom to Glengariff has long been known to a few hardy and adventurous cyclists, but so far as tourists generally are concerned, we are safe in saying that it is almost terra incognita. We describe it here in the westward direction, as the scenery ahead is distinctly better this way ; but the route is, of course, equally available from Killarney and Glengariff, tickets being obtainable at either place, and at the principal stations of the Great Southern and Western Railway. The long chain of lakes at Inchigeela, the holy lake of Gougane Barra, and the Khyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh, make this route a very attractive one.
The Capwell station at Cork is in the southern part of the city (see plan), about a mile from St. Patrick's Bridge. The railway journey presents some pretty pastoral scenery, but is chiefly interesting on account of the numerous ruined castles on either side.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Keimaneigh there is a mountain pass that an old guidebook calls Khyber-like, comparing it to the famous defile on the frontier of India. The road it belongs to runs from Macroom to Glengariff, and though it is in reality an older route than the Prince of Wales route, it was only properly opened in 1898, when inclusive fares for rail and coach were arranged. Before that, a few hardy and adventurous cyclists knew the road, but to tourists generally it was almost unknown country. The guidebook says the scenery ahead is distinctly better travelling westward, and the route is equally available from Killarney and Glengariff, with tickets obtainable at either place and at the principal stations of the Great Southern and Western Railway. What makes the route attractive, the book says, are the long chain of lakes at Inchigeela, the holy lake of Gougane Barra, and the Khyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh. The railway journey from the Capwell station at Cork, about a mile from St. Patrick's Bridge, presents pretty pastoral scenery and numerous ruined castles on either side.

Kinsale Captured After Cork Siege

Kinsale · town · Cork

Kinsale was captured a few days after the siege of Cork during the Williamite campaign, an event that gave rise to a famous Jacobite song.

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dl Whennm due course, Charles II got his own again, he was proclaimed in Cork eleven days before that ceremony was performed in London. On the deposition of James II the city once more suffered for its loyalty to the Stuarts. Churchill appeared before its walls, at the head of an Orange army, and took it after a five days' siege, during which the city suffered severely. Kinsale, it may be noted, was captured a few days later; and this gave rise to the famous Jacobite song :-
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Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 18

As the companion tells it

Coming up along Kinsale now. After James II was deposed, Cork stayed loyal to the Stuarts and paid for it. Churchill arrived with an Orange army and took the city after a five-day siege. Kinsale was captured a few days later, and that event gave rise to a famous Jacobite song.

Mathew Tower on Little Island, temperance memorial

near Little Island · townland · Cork

A conspicuous tower on a small eminence on Little Island, serving as a tribute to the memory of the Apostle of Temperance, Father Theobald Mathew. It stands nearly opposite Blackrock Castle on the northern side of the river.

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We shortly cross a viaduct over the Douglas creek, and for the rest of the journey the railway skirts the water, affording, especially if the tide be up, some most entrancing views. Lough Mahon, as the wide expanse of the Lee is here called, has the appearance of a land-locked lake. It is bordered by hills and woods and far-stretching pastures, and dotted here and there with islands. The land to the north, nearly opposite Blackrock Castle, is not the mainland, but Little Island. Conspicuous on a small eminence is the Mathew Tower, a tribute to the memory of the Apostle of Ten iperance. Eastward, beyond the island of Fota, with its tower, is the lovely demesne of Lord Barrymore. Hop Island, close to Rochestown station, is said to have derived its name from the fact that the family to whom it belonged taught dancing in Cork.
Passage West,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 21

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Little Island you will see a conspicuous tower on a small eminence. It is the Mathew Tower, a tribute to the memory of the Apostle of Temperance, Father Theobald Mathew. It stands nearly opposite Blackrock Castle on the northern side of the river, where the wide expanse of the Lee is called Lough Mahon and has the appearance of a land-locked lake, bordered by hills and woods and far-stretching pastures, dotted here and there with islands.

Mizen Head signal tower and Brow Head

near Mizen Head · promontory · Cork

Mizen Head, identified as Ptolemy's Notium Promontorium, is 765 feet high and has an old signal tower at its top. Brow Head lies just to the south, separated by Barley Cove.

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almost insulate Mizen Head (the Notium Promonlovium of Ptolemy), the extreme south-western point of Ireland. The first view of this headland, 765 feet high, is peculiarly striking. At the top is an old signal tower. A little to the south, and separated from it by Barley Cove, is Brow Head. Three Castle Head, the extreme point of Dunmanus Bay, is so named from three old fortresses of the Mahony sept. The tiny town of Goleen is the nearest headquarters for the exploration of these crooked, sea-indented and almost unknown promontories.
Resuming the railway journey eastward from Bantry to Cork, at Drimoleague Junction, we reach Dunmanway, formerly the seat of an extensive linen manufacture, established by Sir Richard Cox, Lord Chancellor of Ireland in the reign of Queen Anne.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 79

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Mizen Head you are coming up to the extreme south-western point of Ireland, what Ptolemy called the Notium Promontorium. The headland stands 765 feet high, and there is an old signal tower at the top. The first view of it is, in the words of one old guide, "peculiarly striking." Just to the south, separated by Barley Cove, lies Brow Head. The tiny town of Goleen is the nearest place to set out from if you want to explore these sea-indented promontories.

Mountain Stage named from coaching era

Mountain Stage · man-made feature · Kerry

Mountain Stage takes its name from having been the stage-house in the days of cars and coaches. The railway line reaches over 400 feet above the sea at this point, described as a genuine mountain railway.

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Leaving Glenbeigh, the line ascends and comes quite close to the coast, and we have superb views on the right of Dingle Bay and its background of lofty- mountains. We continue to ascend, and at Mountain Stage (so named from its having been the stage-house in the not very remote days of cars and coaches) we are on a piece of genuine mountain railway, more than 400 feet above the sea. The line presently turns inland to Kells (a small hamlet merely, and not to be confused with the several other Kells in Ireland). A long descent brings us to—
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Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 61

As the companion tells it

This is Mountain Stage, named from its having been the stage-house in the days of cars and coaches. Leaving Glenbeigh, the railway line ascends and comes close to the coast, with views of Dingle Bay and the mountains behind it. At Mountain Stage the line reaches more than 400 feet above the sea, a piece of genuine mountain railway. From there it turns inland to Kells, a small hamlet, and then begins a long descent.

Old Head of Kinsale promontory and lighthouse

near Old Head of Kinsale · promontory · Cork

The Old Head of Kinsale is a bold promontory whose name derives from 'ceann saille,' meaning a headland in the sea. Its summit is crowned by a lighthouse.

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a bold promontory, the name of which — derived from ceann saille, " a headland in the sea " — is happily descriptive. The summit is crowned by a lighthouse. In the neighbourhood are the ruins of Courtaparteen Church and Ringrone Castle, the latter of which was built by Milo de Courcey, the ancestor of the present Lord Kingsale, premier baron of Ireland (the title goes back to 118 1). De Courcey was selected by King John as his champion in a quarrel with Philip of France ; and, being adjudged the conqueror— his rival ran away without striking a blow — received as a reward for his gallantry the privilege of remaining covered in the presence of his sovereign, a privilege still preserved.
KINS ALE l73

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 80

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Old Head of Kinsale, this bold promontory takes its name from "ceann saille," meaning a headland in the sea. A lighthouse crowns the summit. In the neighbourhood are the ruins of Courtaparteen Church and Ringrone Castle, the latter built by Milo de Courcey, ancestor of the present Lord Kingsale, premier baron of Ireland. De Courcey was chosen by King John as his champion in a quarrel with Philip of France. His rival ran away without striking a blow, and De Courcey was adjudged the conqueror, receiving as reward the privilege of remaining covered in the presence of his sovereign, a privilege still preserved.

Rosslare Harbour new construction

Rosslare Harbour · town · Wexford

The Fishguard and Great Western Railway recently constructed new harbours on both sides of St. George's Channel to improve access to Ireland. Rosslare Harbour in Wexford is located 54 nautical miles from Fishguard Harbour and connects to principal Irish towns via express trains.

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harbours on both sides of the St, George's Channel. The distance from Fishguard Harbour, on the Pembrokeshire coast, to Rosslare Harbour, in Wexford, is only 54 nautical miles ; and as the fast turbine steamers St. Patrick, St. George, and St David, specially constructed for this service, have a capacity of 22-L knots an hour, the passage is accomplished in under three hours. The Harbour Station at Fishguard is connected with the Great Western main South Wales line at Clarbeston Road, and London is thus brought within $i hours of the port, Cardiff and Newport about 2 hours, and Birmingham 6 hours. Express trains also connect at Rosslare with the principal towns and holiday resorts in Ireland. Fishguard Harbour is sheltered by high lands on south, east and west ; and to protect it on the north a substantial breakwater, 2,000 feet in length, has been constructed. There is sufficient depth of water to accommodate vessels of the largest draught at all states of the tide, amd it is claimed that the harbour is more free from
6 GUIDE TO SOUTH-WEST IRELAND

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 12

As the companion tells it

Rosslare Harbour in Wexford is one of two new harbours the Fishguard and Great Western Railway built on opposite sides of St. George's Channel. It sits 54 nautical miles from Fishguard Harbour on the Pembrokeshire coast. Three fast turbine steamers were built for the crossing, the St. Patrick, the St. George, and the St. David, each capable of 22 knots an hour. They make the passage in under three hours. At the Fishguard end, the Harbour Station connects to the Great Western main South Wales line at Clarbeston Road, bringing London within reach of the port, Cardiff and Newport about 2 hours away, and Birmingham 6. On the Irish side, express trains connect at Rosslare with the principal towns and holiday resorts. Fishguard Harbour itself is sheltered by high land to the south, east, and west, and a breakwater 2,000 feet long protects it to the north. There is enough depth of water for the largest vessels at all states of the tide, and the harbour is said to be more free from swell than most.

Staigue Fort near Sneem

near Staigue Fort · enclosure · Kerry

Staigue Fort, near Sneem, is described as an almost unique example of an ancient Cathair, a pre-Christian stone fortification. It is one of the notable antiquities of Kerry.

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Archaeology. — Antiquities abound in Kerry and in Cork, such as cromlechs, standing stones, or gallauns, some of which show writing in the Ogham character. The Bishop of Limerick collected stones with inscriptions in the Ogham character — so long undeciphered — and these may now be seen in the grounds of Parknasilla Hotel, formerly his own residence. Staigue Fort, near Sneem, is an almost unique example of an ancient Cathair. These are all pre-Christian, but early Christian and later architectural remains may be seen at Aghadoe, and elsewhere, and many are the holy places, islands, wells, etc., still the objects of pilgrimages or much-desired burial-places.
For Index see pp. 183-8.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 85

As the companion tells it

Somewhere about Staigue Fort, near Sneem, is an almost unique example of an ancient Cathair, a pre-Christian stone fortification. Kerry and Cork abound in antiquities: cromlechs, standing stones, or gallauns, some with writing in the Ogham character. The Bishop of Limerick collected stones bearing these inscriptions, so long undeciphered, and they may now be seen in the grounds of Parknasilla Hotel, formerly his own residence. Early Christian and later architectural remains may be seen at Aghadoe and elsewhere, and many holy places, islands, and wells are still objects of pilgrimage or much-desired burial-places.

St. Mary's Church and Desmond college

Youghal · town · Cork · 1464

St. Mary's Church occupies the site of a pre-Norman church, was rebuilt by the eighth Earl of Desmond, who founded a college connected to it in 1464, and was restored by the 'great' Earl of Cork. The college in Nelson Street was once the residence of dramatist William Congreve and his father.

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The town received its first charter from King John, and is said to derive its name from the Irish word for yew-wood, the hills having been formerly covered with yews. It was once strongly fortified, and a large part of its walls still stand on the western and northern sides. Cromwell entered it in 1649, by the Water Gate, and for a time made the town his headquarters. On the site of the ancient South Gate now stands a structure called the Clock Gate. In Main Street is an ancient tower known as Tynte's Castle. (It is on the right-hand side as one comes from the Clock Tower.) A few yards from this, a street on the left leads to St. Mary's Church, occupying the site of a church which existed before the Norman invasion, was rebuilt by the eighth Earl of Desmond, who founded a college in connection with it in 1464, and was restored early in the seventeenth century by the '"great" Earl of Cork.* (The college just mentioned is still standing in Nelson Street, close to the church. It was, for a time, the residence of William Congreve, the dramatist, and his father, the latter being the earl's agent.) The massive tower of the church has a height of 50 feet, and is known as Cromwell's
* The first Earl of Cork, who arrived in Ireland in 1588, says in his autobiography : " All my wealth was £27 3s. in money, a diamond ring, a bracelet of gold, a taffety doublet, a pair of black velvet breeches, laced and cut upon taffety, two cloaks, competent in6Il a£d .necessaries> with my rapier and dagger." Before his death his income was at the rate of £5o a day, exclusive of the value of his houses and parks, ' '

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 29

As the companion tells it

Youghal takes its name from the Irish word for yew-wood, the hills having been formerly covered with yews. The town received its first charter from King John, and was once strongly fortified. A large part of its walls still stand on the western and northern sides. Cromwell entered the town in 1649 by the Water Gate, and for a time made it his headquarters. In Main Street stands an ancient tower known as Tynte's Castle. A few yards from this, a street leads to St. Mary's Church, which stands on the site of a church that existed before the Norman invasion. The eighth Earl of Desmond rebuilt it, and founded a college in connection with it in 1464. The church was restored early in the seventeenth century by the "great" Earl of Cork. Its massive tower has a height of 50 feet. The college is still standing in Nelson Street, close to the church. It was for a time the residence of William Congreve the dramatist, and his father, who was the earl's agent. The first Earl of Cork, who arrived in Ireland in 1588, wrote in his autobiography: "All my wealth was £27 3s. in money, a diamond ring, a bracelet of gold, a taffety doublet, a pair of black velvet breeches, laced and cut upon taffety, two cloaks, with my rapier and dagger." Before his death his income was at the rate of £50 a day, exclusive of the value of his houses and parks.

St. Multose Church, a fourteenth-century foundation

Kinsale · town · Cork · 1300–1399

The Parish Church in Kinsale, dedicated to St. Multose, is said to have been built by that female saint in the fourteenth century. It is cruciform, with a curiously shaped west tower terminating in a broach spire.

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Kinsale is built on the slope of Compass Hill, at the mouth of the river Bandon. It has a quaint appearance, its houses, many of which are evidently of Spanish origin, rising tier above tier on sites excavated out of the solid rock, some being perched on projecting crags. The streets follow the windings of the river ; and the ruins of the old fort, which was deemed impregnable until it fell into the hands of Marlborough in 1690, add piquancy to the outlook. There is a charming public walk, shaded by trees, around Compass Hill, which commands a series of good views of the harbour, the villages of Scilly and Summercove (the favourite quarters of summer visitors), and the entire neighbourhood. The only object of antiquarian interest in the town is the Parish Church, dedicated to, and said to have been built by, a female saint, St. Multose, or Multosia, in the fourteenth century. The church is cruciform, with a curiously shaped tower at the west end, the upper stage, of smaller dimensions than the lower portion, terminating in a broach spire.
Kinsale was formerly governed under a charter of Edward III by a " sovereign " and other officials. It has an interesting history. The Spaniards frequently captured and held the place for longer or shorter periods ; and it took part in all the struggles between the Saxons and the " native Irish," from the time when Strongbow first subjected it to the English crown to its capture by Marlborough and the extinction of the hopes of the^last of the Stuarts. James II landed at Kinsale in 1689 to commence the campaign that ended so disastrously for him at the Boyne. For centuries Kinsale was the most important port on the coast, and though it has long since given way to Queenstown, its harbour is capacious and well sheltered, and it is still the headquarters of the important fisheries of the south of Ireland. The fishermen of the port are daring seamen and good pilots. The harbour is protected by

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 80

As the companion tells it

The road brings you through Kinsale, built on the slope of Compass Hill at the mouth of the river Bandon. It is a striking town, with houses rising tier above tier on sites cut out of the solid rock, some perched on projecting crags. The streets follow the windings of the river. The old fort, once thought impregnable, fell to Marlborough in 1690. The one object of antiquarian interest in the town is the Parish Church, dedicated to St. Multose, also called Multosia. It is said to have been built by that female saint in the fourteenth century. The church is cruciform, with a curiously shaped tower at the west end. Its upper stage is smaller than the lower portion and terminates in a broach spire. Kinsale has an involved history. It was governed under a charter of Edward III by a sovereign and other officials. The Spaniards captured and held the place more than once. The town took part in all the struggles between the Saxons and the native Irish, from the time Strongbow subjected it to the English crown to its capture by Marlborough and the end of the hopes of the last of the Stuarts. James II landed at Kinsale in 1689 to begin the campaign that ended so disastrously for him at the Boyne. There is a public walk shaded by trees around Compass Hill, commanding views of the harbour, the villages of Scilly and Summercove, and the neighbourhood. For centuries Kinsale was the most important port on the coast. It has long since given way to Queenstown, but its harbour is capacious and well sheltered, and it remains the headquarters of the important fisheries of the south of Ireland.

Thackeray's praise of the Killarney Lakes

near Lough Leane · lake or lakes · Kerry

After exploring the romantic and mountainous scenery surrounding the Killarney lakes, tourists may agree with William Makepeace Thackeray's assessment that the landscape is almost "too handsome."

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The chief attraction of the district is the beautiful scenery surrounding the famous lakes, which are three in number, known respectively as the Upper ; the Middle, or Tore ; and the Lower, or more properly Lough Leane. The lakes are connected by a tortuous stream, called the Long Range, which winds in and out in the most pleasant manner. The lakes are fed by a number of mountain streams, their surplus water being discharged by the river Laune, which flows from the south-west corner of the Lower Lake to Castlemaine Harbour, on the coast of Kerry. The Long Range was admitted by Sir Walter Scott to be finer than anything in his beloved Scottish lake district. The head of the Lower Lake and the whole of the other two are surrounded by high mountains and scenery of the most romantic nature ; and after exploring the lakes as recommended in the following pages, we believe most tourists will agree with Thackeray when he pronounces them " too handsome."
If the visitor is pressed for time and does not fear fatigue, he may, by " galloping over the lakes in one day," get a glimpse of their more prominent features. To do so, he may proceed by Aghadoe ; visit Dunloe Castle, and ascend Carran Tual, descending by the Black Valley ; and return by boat through the lakes. Or he may proceed back through the Gap of Dunloe, and home by Lord Brandon's Cottage, Derrycunnihy, Eagles' Nest, Tore and Muckross. Another one day excursion is by Aghadoe, Beaufort Bridge, through the Pass of Dunloe, and back by water from the head of the Upper Lake, visiting Dinish Island, O' Sullivan's Cascade, Innisf alien and Ross.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 42

As the companion tells it

The chief attraction of this district is the beautiful scenery surrounding the famous lakes, which are 3 in number: the Upper, the Middle or Tore, and the Lower, properly called Lough Leane. They are connected by a winding stream called the Long Range, which twists in and out in the most pleasant way. Mountain streams feed the lakes, and their surplus water drains out by the river Laune, flowing from the southwest corner of the Lower Lake to Castlemaine Harbour on the coast of Kerry. Sir Walter Scott admitted the Long Range was finer than anything in his beloved Scottish lake district. High mountains surround the head of the Lower Lake and the whole of the other 2, with scenery of the most romantic nature. After exploring the lakes, most tourists will agree with Thackeray, who pronounced them "too handsome." If you are pressed for time but do not fear fatigue, you can gallop over the lakes in 1 day for a glimpse of their more prominent features. 1 route goes by Aghadoe, to Dunloe Castle, up Carran Tual, down through the Black Valley, and back by boat through the lakes. Another goes back through the Gap of Dunloe, home by Lord Brandon's Cottage, Derrycunnihy, Eagles' Nest, Tore and Muckross. A further day excursion is by Aghadoe, Beaufort Bridge, through the Pass of Dunloe, and back by water from the head of the Upper Lake, visiting Dinish Island, O'Sullivan's Cascade, Innisfallen and Ross.

Lickeen House surroundings rival the Trossachs

Lickeen · townland · Kerry

The surroundings of Lickeen House, at the end of Caragh Lake, are compared to the picturesque part of the Trossachs in Scotland, featuring moss-covered birch trees, quiet sylvan retreats, and glistening water.

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" Here," it has been well said, " one may easily imagine himself transferred to a lovely Swiss valley on a reduced scale. The high ground where the hotel stands is nearly the centre of a great circle, seven or eight miles in diameter, hemmed in by mountains of varying height, and apparently cut off from the outer world save by the small pass by which we entered. About two and a half hours' stay is allowed here, and the cars take us to the boat at Blackstones Bridge, at the head of Lake Caragh. Instead of driving, the visitor may walk by the river along the fisherman's path, passing several rapids and large salmon pools, and through groves of birch trees. The surroundings of Lickeen House, at the end of the lake, rival the picturesque part of the Trossachs, but on a much smaller scale— the same abundance of moss-covered birch trees, quiet sylvan retreats, and glistening water everywhere meets the eye. Rowing down the lake, on the way to Caragh railway station, some very fine cliffs and headlands are passed, extending all along the lake on the east side, and the scenery is very varied and beautiful as we approach the end of our journey.
W. Lawrence,]

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 60

As the companion tells it

Close to Lickeen, the surroundings of Lickeen House, at the end of the lake, rival the picturesque part of the Trossachs in Scotland, but on a much smaller scale. The same abundance of moss-covered birch trees meets the eye, with quiet sylvan retreats and glistening water everywhere. Someone once said that here one may feel transferred to a lovely Swiss valley on a reduced scale. The high ground where the hotel stands is nearly the centre of a great circle, seven or eight miles in diameter, hemmed in by mountains of varying height, and apparently cut off from the outer world save by the small pass by which visitors enter. About two and a half hours' stay is allowed here, and the cars take people to the boat at Blackstones Bridge, at the head of Lake Caragh. Instead of driving, a visitor may walk by the river along the fisherman's path, passing several rapids and large salmon pools, and through groves of birch trees. Rowing down the lake, on the way to Caragh railway station, some very fine cliffs and headlands are passed, extending all along the lake on the east side, and the scenery is very varied and beautiful as you approach the end of the journey.

Chain of lakes at Lough Allua

near Lough Allua · lake or lakes · Cork

A chain of six lakes, the largest being Lough Allua, forms an expansion of the River Lee near Inchigeela, bordered by rushes, water-lilies, and fir trees.

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Leaving Inehigeela, we commence the second section of the drive. It is a noteworthy feature of this route that it presents a sample of almost every kind of scenery. Macroom to Inehigeela is chiefly interesting for the prospect ahead ; Inehigeela to Gougane Barra for the soft loveliness of the lakes • Gougane Barra and Keimaneigh for stern, rugged, mountain scenery ; Keimaneigh to Glengariff for the fine distant seascapes and mountain backgrounds. Five miles after leaving Inehigeela village we have, close to the road, a chain of no less "than six lakes or " broads," the largest of which is Lough Allua. The lakes are really an expansion of the Lee. With their fringe of rushes, white water-lilies and setting of firs, the waters are distinctly picturesque, though they lack the overshadowing heights which give to the lakes of Cumberland and Westmorland so much of their grandeur. The curiously shaped height to the left, which has been for some time conspicuous, is the Sheehy Mountain (i,747 feet). The mountains now close in on either side, and three miles westward of the hamlet of Ballingeary, we stop at Gougane Barra cross-roads, twenty miles from Macroom.
Gougane Barra.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 81

As the companion tells it

Lough Allua is the largest of a chain of six lakes, an expansion of the River Lee near Inchigeela. The route from Inchigeela to Gougane Barra is noted for the soft loveliness of its lakes, and these waters are part of that. They sit close to the road, fringed with rushes and white water-lilies, set among firs. The guide calls them distinctly picturesque, though it notes they lack the overshadowing heights that give the lakes of Cumberland and Westmorland so much of their grandeur. The Sheehy Mountain, rising to 1,747 feet, has been conspicuous for some time as you travel this way. The mountains close in on either side as the road continues toward Ballingeary and on to Gougane Barra cross-roads, twenty miles from Macroom. The whole drive from Macroom onward is said to present a sample of almost every kind of scenery, from the prospect ahead between Macroom and Inchigeela, to the rugged mountain country around Gougane Barra and Keimaneigh, to the distant seascapes toward Glengariff. These lakes are the soft middle passage.

Dunamase Castle ruins and Strongbow

Park or Dunamase · townland · Laois

The ruins of Dunamase Castle, once in the possession of Strongbow, crown the summit of a singularly-shaped rock known as Dun Mall or Dunamase near Maryborough. The castle is a notable landmark of the newly conquered neighbourhood.

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range of mountains, brings us to Maryborough, standing on a small tributary of the Barrow. Its chief attractions are a bastion of the old Castle, erected when the town was built to overawe the natives of the then newly conquered neighbourhood ; and the ruins of Dunamase Castle, at one time in the possession of Strongbow. It crowned the summit of a singularly-shaped rock, known as Dun Mall or Dunamase
At Maryborough the branch to Kilkenny and Waterford leaves the mam line ; and Ballybrophy station (ref. room) is the junction of the Parsonstown and Nenagh branches both of which open up the beautiful scenery of the Shannon. Then we enter the county of Tipperary and the province of Munster. At Templemore we find traces of the Knights Templars who founded the town and have left an interesting relic ' of one of their preceptories, now forming the entrance to the grounds of the Abbey. The view from the carriage window westward at this spot is interesting, as in the background are the famous Devil's-Bit Mountains. This range obtained its name from a legend that the Devil, being benighted and hungry on the summits, bit a piece out of one, but finding it too hard and tough to eat dropped it in disgust. The tourist will plainly observe a gap in part of the range, said to have been the Satanic mouthful. The « bit," we are told, formed

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 14

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Park or Dunamase, the ruins of Dunamase Castle crown the summit of a singularly-shaped rock, known as Dun Mall or Dunamase. The castle was at one time in the possession of Strongbow. The guide counts these ruins among the chief attractions near Maryborough, a town standing on a small tributary of the Barrow. The other attraction is a bastion of the old Castle, erected when the town was built to overawe the natives of the then newly conquered neighbourhood. At Maryborough the branch to Kilkenny and Waterford leaves the main line. Ballybrophy station is the junction of the Parsonstown and Nenagh branches, both of which open up the scenery of the Shannon. Beyond lies the county of Tipperary and the province of Munster. At Templemore there are traces of the Knights Templars, who founded the town and left a relic of one of their preceptories, now forming the entrance to the grounds of the Abbey. The view westward takes in the Devil's Bit Mountains, named from a legend that the Devil, benighted and hungry on the summits, bit a piece out of one but found it too hard and tough to eat and dropped it in disgust. A gap in the range is said to be the Satanic mouthful.

Dunashad Castle ruins commanding Baltimore harbour

Baltimore · town · Cork

A rock commanding Baltimore harbour is crowned by the ruins of Dunashad Castle, and the Church has a fine tower. The harbour extends northward almost to Skibbereen.

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There is a considerable coasting trade between Baltimore and Cork and other neighbouring ports. A rock, commanding the harbour, is crowned by the ruins of Dunashad Castle, and the Church has a fine tower. The Harbour extends northward almost to Skibbereen. The largest of the islands is Sherkin, situated at the mouth of the bay. It is about three miles long by two broad, and of old contained a Franciscan abbey and a strong castle. Both were destroyed by the irate citizens of Waterford, in order to punish the piratical proclivities of the O'Driscolls, the owners of this and the surrounding islands and of a slice of the mainland. The ruins of these edifices are interesting, but as they can be well seen from the Beacon, only enthusiastic antiquaries will go to the expense of hiring a boat to reach them.
The Schull and Skibbereen Light Railway,

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 78

As the companion tells it

Baltimore was a coasting port, trading with Cork and other neighbouring ports. A rock commanding the harbour is crowned by the ruins of Dunashad Castle, and the Church has a fine tower. The harbour extends northward almost to Skibbereen. The largest of the islands is Sherkin, at the mouth of the bay, about 3 miles long by 2 broad. It once contained a Franciscan abbey and a strong castle. Both were destroyed by the citizens of Waterford, to punish the piratical proclivities of the O'Driscolls, who owned this and the surrounding islands and a slice of the mainland. The ruins are interesting, but they can be well seen from the Beacon, so only enthusiastic antiquaries will go to the expense of hiring a boat to reach them.

Flesk Castle battlements with lake views

Killarney · town · Kerry

Flesk Castle occupies an elevated position a little to the south of Killarney. From its battlements an extensive view of the lakes may be obtained.

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The private residences in the vicinity of Killarney are numerous and worthy of their unrivalled environment. Killarney House, the magnificent Irish home of the Earl of Kenmare, adorns the crest of a hill at the west end of the town, surrounded by its splendid demesne and park of vast extent, skirting the Lower Lake. In the exquisite Italian gardens of the house a flower show is annually held, under the presidency of the Countess of Kenmare. The Annual Fete, under the auspices of the Gaelic League, is also held in the grounds. Muckross House (the seat of Lord Ardilaun), an Elizabethan mansion in white Portland stone, overlooks the Middle Lake, and is close to Muckross Abbey. The grounds are nearly 800 acres in extent. Here Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort were entertained on their visit to the lakes in 1861. Flesk Castle and Southhill House occupy elevated positions a little to the south of the town. From the battlements of the former an extensive view of the lakes may be obtained. Lake View House and Aghadoe House are situated on the western shore of the Lower Lake, and Cahernane House at its north-eastern end. The picturesque Park House takes its name from the Deer Park in which it stands, embowered in magnificent and aged trees. The grounds of all these residences are laid out with admirable taste and command delightful prospects. In recent years also a number of pretty villas have been erected in the neighbourhood of the town.
Killarney was visited in 1897 by the present Prince and Princess of Wales, who were delighted with the beauties of the lakes. It was suggested at the time that Killarney would form an ideal spot for a royal residence. Indeed, it is believed that negotitations were actually entered into for the purchase of Muckross House.

Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 36

As the companion tells it

The road brings you through Killarney, a town set among some of the finest private residences in Ireland. Killarney House stands on the crest of a hill at the west end of the town, the Irish home of the Earl of Kenmare, surrounded by a demesne and park of vast extent skirting the Lower Lake. In its Italian gardens a flower show is held each year under the presidency of the Countess of Kenmare, and the Annual Fete of the Gaelic League is held in the same grounds. Muckross House, the seat of Lord Ardilaun, is an Elizabethan mansion in white Portland stone overlooking the Middle Lake, close to Muckross Abbey, with grounds of nearly 800 acres. Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort were entertained there during their visit to the lakes in 1861. Flesk Castle and Southhill House occupy elevated positions a little to the south of the town. From the battlements of Flesk Castle an extensive view of the lakes may be obtained. Lake View House and Aghadoe House sit on the western shore of the Lower Lake, and Cahernane House at its north-eastern end. The picturesque Park House takes its name from the Deer Park in which it stands, embowered in magnificent aged trees. The grounds of all these residences are laid out with admirable taste and command delightful prospects. Killarney was visited in 1897 by the Prince and Princess of Wales, who were delighted with the beauties of the lakes. It was suggested at the time that Killarney would form an ideal spot for a royal residence, and it is believed that negotiations were entered into for the purchase of Muckross House.

Lord Kenmare's Cottage at Glena, a Queen's Cottage

Glena · townland · Kerry

A charming cottage at Glena Bay was built by Lord Kenmare and provided accommodation for luncheon. It is described as one of the 'Queen's Cottages,' and Queen Victoria's diary referenced it.

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which rises precipitously to a height of 2,413 feet. We see many beautiful islands, in whose rifted rocks the ash and the oak have anchored their strong roots, and creeks and promontories where the arbutus displays its brilliant berries and wild roses are plentiful. Passing Stag Island, Burnt Island, Minister's Back and Darbie's Garden, we enter the lovely bay of Glena, " the glen of good fortune," and seek out the charming Cottage built by Lord Kenmare. Here we find every accommodation for luncheon. The cottage is another of the " Queen's Cottages," and in Queen Victoria's diary the in-
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Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00ward_0, Chapter 53

As the companion tells it

Somewhere close to Glena, there is a charming cottage built by Lord Kenmare on the bay they call the glen of good fortune. Boats coming this way pass Stag Island, Burnt Island, Minister's Back and Darbie's Garden before entering that lovely bay. The cottage offered every accommodation for luncheon. It was another of the Queen's Cottages, and Queen Victoria's own diary made reference to it.

Pictorial and descriptive guide to the Lakes of Killarney, Glengariff, and south-west Ireland, including a guide to Cork.

The stories, best first

Strancally Castle on the Blackwater

The Kyber-like Pass of Keimaneigh

Circular fort near Caherdaniel

Dingle Bay scenery with Brandon Mountain

Glenbeigh watering-place and carpet industry

Glengariff village buried in foliage

Killarney House and Italian gardens of the Earl of Kenmare

North Chapel of Cork built 1808

Temple Michael Church and Castle ruins

Ross Island: artificial formation and castle ruins

Cappoquin town and its name

Belvelly Castle, Hodnett and Barry seat

Carlisle Tower at Lismore Castle

Carrigrohane Castle on the steep rock

Cloyne Cathedral and Bishop Berkeley

Cork walls destroyed after siege, 'Rebel Cork' reputation

Glacial lake Lough Coomanassig

Glena Bay, the glen of good fortune

Gougane Barra and its holy lake

Gougane Barra the holy lake

Haulbowline Island naval dockyard

Kilmallock, the Baalbec of Ireland

Lismore Cathedral and its ancient slabs

Panorama from Mangerton summit

Perched glacial blocks near Kenmare

Ruined Templenakilla Church near Waterville

St Colman's Cathedral, Queenstown

St. Finn Barre's Hermitage at Gougane Barra

Stone fountain in Waterville memorial to James Butler

Tourin Castle and Knockmealdown Mountains

Venerable abbeys of Aghadoe, Inisfallen and Muckross

North Abbey fragments at Youghal

Glencar compared to a Swiss valley

Round Hill ancient stronghold at Lismore

Dominican Church of St. Mary's, Cork

Hore Abbey near the Rock of Cashel

Innisfallen: Moore's fairy isle of the lakes

Bishop Delany statue in Cork

Caragh Lake described as beautiful and unspoiled

Corkbeg promontory, future island

Crosshaven Village and Resort

Fastnet Rock Lighthouse

Inchigeela as an angling destination

Keimaneigh Pass: Khyber-like mountain defile

Kinsale Captured After Cork Siege

Mathew Tower on Little Island, temperance memorial

Mizen Head signal tower and Brow Head

Mountain Stage named from coaching era

Old Head of Kinsale promontory and lighthouse

Rosslare Harbour new construction

Staigue Fort near Sneem

St. Mary's Church and Desmond college

St. Multose Church, a fourteenth-century foundation

Thackeray's praise of the Killarney Lakes

Lickeen House surroundings rival the Trossachs

Chain of lakes at Lough Allua

Dunamase Castle ruins and Strongbow

Dunashad Castle ruins commanding Baltimore harbour

Flesk Castle battlements with lake views

Lord Kenmare's Cottage at Glena, a Queen's Cottage