A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Dominican monastery founded at Tralee, 1213

   Tralee · town · Kerry · 1213

   John Fitz-Thomas of the Geraldine family founded a Dominican monastery at Tralee in 1213. Having been slain with his son Maurice at the battle of Callan against MacCarthy More, he was interred in the monastery.

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   TRALEE, a borough, assize, sea-port, market, and post town, a parish, and the head of a union, in the barony of Trughenackmy, county of Kerry, and province of MuNSTER, 584: miles (W. N. W.) from Cork, and 151 (S. W. by W.) from Dublin ; containing 1'2,534 inhabitants, of whom 10,590 are in the town, which extends into the parish of Ratass and contains altogether 11,363 inhabitants. Its ancient name, Traleigh, "the Strand of the Leigh," is derived from its situation near the point at which the river Leigh or Lee discharges itself into the broad sandy bay of Tralee ; this river, though apparently so insignificant as to be covered over during its course through the town, is occasionally so much swelled by the winter torrents from the mountains as to cause much inconvenience, and at times damage, to the inhabitants. The first historical notice of the place is the record of the foundation of a Dominican monastery, in \'2\3, by John Fitz-Thomas of the Geraldine family, who, having been slain with his son Maurice and many of his followers in the battle waged at Callan against M'^Carthy More, was interred in it. In 13'25, Maurice Fitz-Maurice, fourth lord of Kerry, slew Dermot M<^Carthy here in the presence of the judge of assize, for which act he was severely punished. In 15/6, the great Earl of Desmond, who claimed that his palatinate should not be amenable to the jurisdiction of the king's judges, having in vain endeavoured to prevent Sir William Drury, then lord-justice, from holding the assizes at Tralee, invited him to his castle, where he met him peaceably attended by a large body of his followers. The lord-justice seeing them advancing towards him in military order, unjustly suspected treachery and ordered his attendants to charge, upon which Desmond and his men fled with the greatest precipitation, leaving the countess to explain the cause of the alarm. In 1579, Sir Henry Davels, who had been sent out by the lord-deputy to summon the Earl of Desmond to join him with his forces against the Spaniards, who had lauded at Smerwick, on his return from this mission was assassinated at Tralee by Sir John Desmond, a relation of the carl. In 1600, Sir Charles Wilmot here routed a party of the Irish with considerable slaughter. At the breaking out of the war of 1641, all the English families in and about Tralee took shelter in the castle belonging to Sir Henry Denny, to whom it had been granted after the death of the Earl of Desmond and the forfeiture of his property. Sir Edward assembled all his tenants for its defence ; but being ordered away on another duty he left the new-comers to their own resources, which they exerted so effectually that they kept the besiegers at bay for six months, until, being worn out with fatigue and hunger, and discouraged by the 594

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 348

2. Dominican monastery ruins at Kilmallock

   Kilmallock · town · Limerick

   Extensive ruins of a Dominican monastery on the banks of the Lubach include a lofty square central tower and the choir of the church. The choir contains the broken tomb of the last of the White Knights, whose representative is the Earl of Kingston.

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   The REMAINS of the Dominican monastery, situated on the banks of the Lubach, are extensive and beautifidly picturesque ; they consist chiefly of the lofty square central tower and the choir of the church, the former in a state of great dilapidation, and the latter tolerably perfect. The east window is of the lancet form, combining an arrangement of five lights, and the windows on the south side are enriched with delicate tracery ; the choir is unrivalled for symmetry and elegance of design, and contains the broken tomb of the last of the White Knights, the representative of whom is the present Earl of Kingston. Parts of the conventual budd-

   K I L— M A

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

3. Donaghrisk priory founded 1294 by O'Hagan

   Donaghrisk · townland · Tyrone · 1294

   Close adjoining Tullaghog is the site of the ancient priory of Donaghrisk, founded by one of the O'Hagans in 1294. Nothing remains but the cemetery, the ancient burial-place of the O'Hagan clan and more recently of the Lindesay family, with a remarkable tomb to Robert Lyndsay, Chief Harbeger to King James.

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   TULLAGHOG, Tullyhog, or Tbllyhogue, a village, in the parish of Desertcreight, union of Cookstown, barony of Dungannon, county of Tyrone, and province of Ulster, 2^ miles (S.) from Cookstowu, and on the road from Stewartstown to Coleraine ; containing 103 inhabitants. This place, though now an insignificant village, was of importance at an early period. On the summit of a gentle eminence, a little northeastward from the village, is a large circular encampment surrounded by deep fosses and earthworks, on which is said to have stood the residence of the ancient chieftain O'Haedhagain, or O'Hagan; in this fortress the chiefs of the O'Nials were solemnly inaugurated into the style and authority of " The O'Nial." The Earl of Tyrone retired into this stronghold when retreating before the victorious army of Elizabeth; and in 1602, the Lord-Deputy Mountjoy remained for some time at Tullaghog, and broke in pieces the strong chair of stone in which the O'Nials had been installed. On June 27th, 1603, Sir Garrett More had here the first audience with the Earl of Tyrone, the last prince of the O'Nial race : two days afterwards Tyrone left the fortress, and on the 30th, at Mellifont Abbey, submitted to the English government; he received a pardon, and was shortly restored to his earldom and possessions. All that is left of the ancient city is the fortress before noticed : no vestige remains of the regal chair, though there were pieces of it in the orchard belonging to the glebe-house so lately as 1776. The fortress is planted with trees : it forms part of BallymuUy, the glebe of Desertcreight. The village has a receiving-house for letters in connexion with Cookstown, Dungannon, and Stewartstown ; and comprises 27 houses, among which is a handsome school-house with a residence for the master, built by John Lindesay, Esq. Close adjoining is the site of the ancient priory of Donaghrisk, founded by one of the O'Hagans in 1294, and of which nothing remains but the cemetery, the ancient burial-place of the clan of O'Hagan, and more recently of the family of Lindesay : a remarkable tomb is erected to the memory of " Robert Lyndsay, Chiefe Harbeger to y King James."

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 356

4. Donald's Hill east of the River Roe

   Donald's Hill · hill or hills · Derry

   Donald's Hill, standing east of the River Roe, reaches an elevation of 1315 feet. It forms part of the central mountain chain of County Londonderry that terminates towards the sea at Binevenagh.

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   In shape the county approaches to an equilateral triangle : its greatest length is from the point of Magilligan, at the mouth of Lough Foyle, nearly southward, to the vicinity of Coagh, a distance of 32i miles. Although by no means distinguished for picturesque beauty, its surface presents many varieties of form, from the flat alluvial lands along its rivers to the wildest MOUNTAINS. The latter form its central portion, extending in various chains, covered chiefly with heath, from near the sea-coast to the southern hmit. Sauel mountain, in the south, attains an elevation of 2236 feet: Slieve-Gallion rises to the height of 1730 feet; Ciirntdsher, near the source of the Roe, 1521 feet; Donald's Hill, east of the same river, 1315 feet; Benijevoiash, forming the termination of that range towards the sea, 1260 feet ; and Legnraitnoii, between the Roe and the Faughan, 1289 feet. Even in these wild regions there are secluded vales, called by the inhabitants " slacks," in which are often found charming spots of fertile soil and romantic scenery. The principal of these are, Faughanvak, where are some good waterfalls ; Muff-glen, w-hK-h, with the beautiful glen of the Ness, affords mountain passes from the Foyle to the Faughan ; Laughermore, between the Roe and the Faughan, which commands various fine prospects, and has in its vicinity numerous traces of ancient forests ; Lissane, with some deep romantic glens ; Fvcini, between the higher parts of the Roe and the Faughan, into which several other glens open, the most beautiful being Fin-glen ; tbe neighbouring slacks of Mmeijniceny and Carnloghir ; that of Balh/ness, leading into the wild district of Glenullen ; that of Dunmore, between Coleraine and Newtown-Liniavadv ; and that of Druwma-Gullion, to the north. The most extensive and diversified view in this

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 92

5. Donard Lodge and chalybeate spa at Slieve Donard

   near Newcastle · town · Down

   Earl Annesley built a marine residence called Donard Lodge at the foot of Slieve Donard, with a demesne laid out with great taste. Within the demesne limits is a chalybeate spa to which the public has free access.

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   erected by Felix Magennis, in the memorable year of the Spanish Armada ; and though only an inconsiderble fishing-village previously to the year 1822, it has since been gradually increasing in importance, and now consists of 196 houses. In addition to its trade as a port, it has made great advances as a fashionable place for sea-bathing ; it is nearly a mile in length, containing several large and handsome private dwellinghouses, and numerous comfortable and respectable lodging-houses. The castle built by Magennis (close to the sea-shore) has been taken down, and on its site Earl Annesley has erected a spacious and elegant hotel, from a design by Mr. Duff, of Belfast, at an expense of £3000 ; which is fitted up with superior accommodations, including hot and cold baths, and every requisite arrangement. The house is beautifully situated, and commands a most extensive prospect, embracing the Isle and Calf of Man in the front, and in the rear the lofty mountains of Morne. Earl Annesley has also built a marine residence, called Donard Lodge, at the foot of Slieve- Donard ; the demesne is laid out with great taste, and within its limits is a chalybeate spa, to which the public has free access. The other seats are, Tollymore, situated near the town ; Brook Lodge ; and the residence of the Law family, a handsome mansion in the Elizabethan style. The environs are of pleasing character, and abound with interesting scenery ; they afford many agreeable walks and rides, and within two miles of the town are Tollymore Park, the seat of the Earl of Roden, and the beautiful village and church of Bryansford.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 200

6. Donchad O'Carrol founded Mellifont and Louth abbeys

   Louth · town · Louth

   Donchad O'Carrol, King of Argial, was the last celebrated head of his race and founded the two great abbeys of Mellifont and Louth. He was likewise a prince of considerable prowess.

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   It appears from Ptolemy that the present couaty formed, in his time, part of the territory of the Voluntii, which extended southward to that of the Eblani. Louth was subsequently included in the independent sovereignty of Orgial, or Argial, called by the English Oriel or Uriel, constituting a large part of the province of Meath, and including also the counties of Armagh and Monaghan. This county is stated to have formed the subordinate territory of Conal Muirthemne, called also Hy Conal and Machmre-Conal, in which were the smaller districts of Fera Arda, or Fatharta, the present barony of Ferrard ; Hy Segan, or Hy Seanghain, that of Ardee ; Fera Lorg, Lorgan, or Lurgin, that of Lower Dundalk ; Hy Mac Uais, the country of the Mac Scanlans, that uf Upper Dundalk ; and Ludha, or Lugha, that of Louth, which was the country of the O'Carrols, chiefs of Argial. The last celebrated head of this race was Donchad O'Carrol, King of Argial, who founded the two great abbeys of Mellifont and Louth, and was likewise a prince of considerable prowess. Argial was conquered by John de Courcy, in 1183 ; and that part of it which is included within the limits of the present county of Louth (one of those erected by King John in 1210) being immediately peopled with English settlers, it continued ever after to be subject to the English jurisdiction. Thus, the ancient Argial was divided into Irish Argial and English Uriel. The latter, from its situation, being much exposed to the incursions of the native chiefs, numerous castles were erected for its defence ; but nevertheless, in the reign of Edward II., it was ravaged by the Scots under Edward Bruce, who, however, received their final overthrow from Sir John Birmingham in this county.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

7. Dooish mountain

   Dooish · townland · Tyrone

   Dooish is the highest of the mountains in the parish of Langfield West, rising 1119 feet above sea level. The higher mountains in the area are composed of mica-slate.

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   LANGFIELD, WEST, or LOWER, a parish, in the union of Castlederg, barony of Omagh, county of Tyrone, and province of Ulster, 8 miles (W.) from Omagh, and on the road from Londonderry to EnniskiUen ; containing 5094 inhabitants. The parish comprises 23,906| statute acres, of which 1*6 are water, and about 67OO mountain and bog. The mountains afford good pasturage for cattle and sheep, and their declivities are in a state of progressive cultivation ; a great portion of the bog is also being rapidly reclaimed, and the system of agriculture is fast improving. In Dunwest are extensive beds of coal in three strata, all easy of access ; but though at every flood large masses are detached by the river Poe, and carried down the stream, no attempt has yet been made to work them : coal of very good quality is also found in other parts of the parish. In Kerlis are valuable quarries of freestone, from which was raised the stone for the portico of the court-house of Omagh and for other public edifices ; the higher mountains, of which Dooish rises 1119 feet above the level of the sea, are of mica-slate. The river Poe rises in the mountains, and after passing through Drumquin falls into the river Foyle, about two miles below Omagh ; there are several lakes in the parish, the largest of which is 58 acres in extent. The inhabitants combine with their agricultural pursuits the weaving of linen, and many of the females are employed in spinning linen and cotton yarn ; there are a small tuck-mill for dressing home-made woollen-cloth, and several corn-mills. The parish is partly within 206

   LARA

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 63

8. Doonaintiey Castle on bold headland

   near Ramoan · parish · Antrim

   The castle of Doonaintiey stands on a bold headland 300 feet above sea level, commanding the channel and the Isle of Rathlin. Its dramatic coastal position made it a strategic lookout point.

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   On the summit of Knocklaide is a tumulus called Cairn-an-Truagh, said traditionally to be the burialplace of three Danish princesses. There are several raths in the parish, some terminating in a pointed apex, and others flat on the top like a truncated cone ; of the latter sort, one, within a quarter of a mile of the town, is called Dun-a-Mallaglit, the " cursed fort." The castle of Doonaiiintiey stands on a bold headland, 300 feet above the level of the sea, commanding the channel and the isle of Rathlin : two miles westward are the noble and romantic ruins of Kinbcme, or Kenbann, Castle, built on a projecting cliff of Umestone rock running out several hundred feet into the sea, under some headlands which rise 280 feet above the ruins. In the townland of Ballycastle are the remains of the edifice which gave name to the place ; an uninteresting gable is all that exists : about two miles hence, on the Glenslush water, are the ruins of a very extraordinary castle, called Gobati'Saur, once the residence of the powerful chieftain O'Cahan. Immediately adjoining the quay of Ballycastle are the interesting ruins of the abbey of Boiuimargy, founded by Mac Donnell, in 1509, and which was perhaps the latest erected in Ireland for Franciscan monks ; the chapel is in tolerable preservation, being the burial-place of the Antrim family. According to Archdall, St. Patrick founded a religious house here, called Rath-Moane, in which he placed St. Ereclasius. Vast quantities of beautiful pebbles are found along the shore, among which are chalcedony, opal, dentrites, and belemnites. On the lands of Drumans, on the side of the great mountain of Knocklaide, is a spring, the waters of which are strongly chalybeate and may be conveyed to distant places without any diminution of their effect.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 243

9. Doonane colliery and its high-quality coal

   Doonane · townland · Laois

   Doonane was among the five working collieries in Queen's County, and its coal was rated equal to the best Kilkenny coal. The coal was sought after by maltsters, brewers, distillers, and smiths because it was almost pure carbon without bitumen.

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   The principal portion of the county, in a geological point of view, belongs to the great floetz limestone field, which forms the base of the greater part of the level country of Ireland ; the Slieve-Bloom mountains, in the north-west, are of the sandstone formation, and at the Slievemargue in the south-east the coal formation commences. The limestone field abounds with escars, already noticed. The coal formation begins near Timahoe, and extends cast and south-east to the Barrow, and southwards almost to the Nore. It forms the northern extremity of the Kilkenny field, from which it is separated only by a small river ; and the coal is in every respect similar in each part : the portion included m the Queen's county extends about 3 miles by '2. The Strata range is in Kilkenny, but the dip being to the west, the pits on this side are deeper. There are five collieries at work ; namely, Newtown, Wolf Hill, Doonane, Poulakele, and Moydebegh : those of Rushes and Tollerton, though very valuable, are not wrought at present. The pits at Newtown are from 45 to 48 yards deep ; all those around Jloydebegh are from 61 to 64 yards. The coal at Newtown and Doonane is equal to the best Kilkenny coal, and sells at 20i\ per ton at the pits ; that of the other collieries, though somewhat inferior, never sinks below the price of 17»-. per ton. Hence the poor people, even in the immediate vicinity of the pits, cannot afford to use it, and it is entirely purchased by maltsters, brewers, distillers, and smiths, by whom it is much sought after, inasmuch as, being 437

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 236

10. Doonass House, seat of Sir Hugh Dillon Massy

    Doonass · townland · Clare

    Doonass House, beautifully situated on the Shannon, was the residence of Sir Hugh Dillon Massy, Bart. Extensive bleaching establishments operated at Doonass.

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    stone, in which marine shells are found imbedded, is quarried near Clonlara, and chiefly burnt for manure . there is some bog. A branch of the Shannon navigation, about four miles in length, passes through tliis parish, to avoid the falls of Doonass between Limerick and Killaloe, and affords a daily communication by steam and other boats with those places. At Doonass are extensive bleaching establishments ; at Clonlara are a public dispensary, and a station of the constabulary police. Petty-sessions are held weekly on Friday at the latter place, where, also, a manorial court is occasionally held for the recovery of small debts ; and efforts have been recently made to re-establish the fairs usually held on March 1 7th, June llth, and Sept. '21st and 29th, each continuing for two days. The seats are, Doonass House, the residence of Sir Hugh Dillon Massy, Bart., beautifully situated on the Shannon ; Summer Hill; Water Park; Erina House; Erina ; Rosehill; Elm Hill; Bellisle ; Landscape; Springfield; Parkview ; Newtown ; Mount Catherine ; Runnard ; and Doonass glebe.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57

11. Doonass, seat of Sir Hugh Dillon Massy

    Doonass · townland · Clare

    Doonass, located on the opposite side of the Shannon from Limerick, is the seat of Sir Hugh Dillon Massy. It is listed among the seats in the neighbourhood of Limerick most worthy of notice.

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    is deficient in wood. Of the four principal approaches, that from Clare, by Wellesley-bridge, is the best ; the others are, for the moet part, through lines of inferior houses, crooked and deficient in cleanliness. In the vicinity of the city are several good houses and neat villas, but they are by no means so numerous as its wealth would lead strangers to expect, as the rich merchants chiefly reside in the New Town. Among the seats in the neighbourhood, those most worthy of notice are. Mount Shannon, that of the Earl of Clare, one of the finest mansions in the south of Ireland ; Hermitage, of Lord Massy ; Clarina Park, of Lord Clarina ; and Doonass, on the opposite side of the Shannon, of Sir Hugh Dillon Massy, Bart. : in the city are the mansions of the Earl of Limerick and of the bishop.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 77

12. Doon castle of the O'Mooneys, ivy-clad tower

    Doon · electoral division · Offaly

    At Doon are the remains of the ancient castle of the O'Mooneys, in the possession of R. J. E. Mooney, a lineal descendant of that family. Only one tower remains of the spacious structure on a rock, thickly overspread with ivy, forming a picturesque object.

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    The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, formerly held by faculty with the rectory and vicarage of Tessauran, but now separately, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £311. 11. ; there is no glebe-house, but there is a neat small cottage, on the glebe, which comprises 79 acres. The church is a plain edifice, situated at Liss, and built in 1826, partly by parochial assessment, but chiefly by aid of a loan of £1000 from the Board of First Fruits ; and an organ was erected in it at the cost of T. H. Mulock, Esq. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is in the diocese of Ardagh, and forms part of the district of BaUinahone : the chapel is a very humble building ; on the altar is an ancient shrine, supposed to contain the bones of St. Manachan. A dispensary is supported at the expense of Dr. MoUoy, who has also invested £.500 in a loan fund, which is supported solely by him. There are some remains of tlie castle of Leraanagban ; and at Doon are the remains of the ancient castle of the O'lNIooneys, now in the possession of R. J. E. Mooney, Esq., a lineal descendant of that family, whose residence is on the estate. Of the castle, which was a spacious structure on a rock, only one tower is remaining ; it is thickly overspread with ivy, and forms a picturesque object.

    LENEY, a parish, in the union of Mullingar, barony of Corkaree, county of Westmeath, and pro- 219

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 72

13. Doon castle ruin on Kerry coast

    Doon · townland · Kerry

    On the Kerry coast, where steep cliffs rise above the Atlantic, stand the ruins of dismantled castles. The castle of Doon is positioned almost perpendicularly over the ocean.

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    Kerry is the most western county of Ireland, and the fourth in extent ; it is surpassed by many in fertility. From its aspect it seems well adapted to become a valuable tillage country, but, though improvements have been rapid of late years, a great part of it lies still in a very unproductive condition. The northern part, towards the Shannon, is comparatively low. From the mouth of the river Cashen to Kerry Head, which forms the south side of the mouth of the Shannon, stretches a bank of upland ; this is chiefly a heathy moor, and near Kerry Head rises to a considerable elevation. The coast of the county towards the ocean is partly high sand- ' hills and partly steep cliffs, on which the ruins of some dismantled castles are boldly situated ; that of Doon stands almost perpendicularly over the ocean. The northern tract of low country has on its south a range of upland, rising gradually into the boundaries between Limerick and Cork ; this upland, in passing eastward, expands to a great width. Still more southerly is an extensive range of mountains, many of the summits of which are among the highest in Ireland ; they commence at the eastern side of the bay of Dingle, and, with little interruption, pass along the southern side of the lake of Killarney and onward to the county of Cork, embracing some deep vales. The general aspect of this part of the county is rude : the valleys are commonly occupied with bog, round the upper edge of which, and along the margins of the streams, are narrow stripes of cultivated land, behind which the mountains rise to an elevation of from 1500 to 2000 feet, presenting bold rocky cliffs towards the bay of Dingle and the Atlantic. The southern baronies of Iveragh, Dunkerron, and Glanerough arc the wildest and most uncultivated tracts in the county : the last-mentioned, which takes its name from the Roughty, a river that flows through it, is separated from the adjoining barony of Bere, in the county of Cork, by a range of lofty mountains, the greater part of which was formerly the estate of the OSullivans. MacgillycticUly's Reeks, in north Dunkerron, are the highest mountains not only in the county, but in Ireland ; their most elevated summit, called Carran Tual, or Gheran Tuel, being 3404 feet above the level of the sea. Mangerton is next in height. Towards the west are the mountains of Druiig and Callee, the highest summits of the range that separates the baronies of Iveragh and Dunkerron. This chain proceeds eastward to the south of the lakes of Killarney, 10

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 7

14. Downhill mansion and Mussenden Temple on sea cliffs

    Downhill · townland · Derry

    On the summit of a cliff rising boldly from the sea stand the mansion of Down Hill and the Mussenden Temple, built by the Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry. The coast from Portrush onward presents creeks, inlets, and striking cliff scenery.

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    The great natural divisions of the profitable lands are the rich and fertile vales of the Roe, the Faughan, the Foyle (with the liberties of Londonderry), and the Moyola i the shores of Lough Neagh ; the half valley of the Bann (with the liberties of Coleraine) ; and the seacoast, with the flats of Lough Foyle. The longest of the vales opening from the mountains is that of the Roe, environed by hills appropriated as sheep-walks, and in many places having midway up their declivities a sort of natural terrace, frequently two or three hundred yards in breadth. To the west is the nearly parallel vale of Fauglian, which, next to those of the Roe and the Moyola, displays (from Clondermot to the coast of Lough Foyle) one of the most delightful tracts in the county ; a considerable portion, however, is occupied by rough though valuable turbaries, while other parts are clothed with natural wood ; in the higher part the scenery is frequently romantic, and in other places is improved by round alluvial hills. The vale of the Foyle is highly improved, and comprises the western extremity of the county, in which stands the city of Londonderry. The vale of Moijola extends from the eastern side of the mountains of Ballynascreen, towards Lough Neagh, being bounded on the south by Slieve-Gallion. The borders of Lough Neagh form a low tract which presents a rich landscape, its surface being composed partly of gentle swells, and its fertility broken only by some extensive bogs. Around Ballinderry are considerable steeps, and at Spring Hill and over the town of Moneymore is a beautiful range of high land : beyond this, extends a low tract called " the Golden Vale of Ballydawley." Lough Neagh bounds the county for nearly six miles, when the Bann, issuing from it, immediately falls into Lough Beg, the Londonderry shore of which is five miles in extent. The half valley of the Baim is composed of bleak ridges or turamocks of basalt, with a few more favoured spots near the streams, but accompanied by a series of scattered bogs, bordering the course of the river. These sometimes comprise high and barren swells, with lakes and small bogs intervening. About Tubbermore, Fort- William, and Maghera, however, is a pleasing and more fertile tract; and the interior of the district bordering on the Bann is greatly enlivened by the woody scenery around Garvagh. The Sea-coast, formed by the Atlantic for 12 miles from Portrush to Magilligan Point, and thence for 16 miles by Lough Foyle, exhibits a succession of varied and interesting scenery. Commencing with Portrush it presents a number of creeks and inlets, of which the most remarkable is Port-Stewart, whence to the mouth of the Bann is a strand of great extent and beauty, succeeded by a range of cliffs rising boldly from the sea, on the summit of one of which are the mansion of Down Hill and the Mussenden Temple, built by the Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry. From Down Hill to Magilligan Point, a distance of 7 miles, is a strand extending a mile in breadth from the base of the mountains to the water's edge, and on which the whole army of Great Britain might be reviewed. Thence the coast turns nearly due south to the mouth of the Roe, presenting a dreary expanse in 256

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 93

15. Downs Hill ancient church and burial-ground

    Downs · townland · Wicklow

    Downs Hill in Kilcoole parish contains the ruins of an ancient church and burial-ground within the demesne of the late Arthur Hume. The village of the Downs hosts four fairs annually for live stock.

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    The parish comprises 44*6^ statute acres, comprehending the Downs Hill, where are the ruins of an ancient church and burial-ground within the demesne of the late Arthur Hume, Est). The soil varies greatly, but though in some parts rough and stony, is well adapted for tillage, producing good crops, and some of the earliest potatoes brought into the market of Dublin are raised here. Towards the sea are large tracts of bog, affording excellent fuel. Numerous streams descending from the mountains intersect the parish ; the largest of them is called the Three-Trouts' River. Clay-slate and marl are found in great quantities ; the former is used for repairing the roads, and the latter as manure. Among the gentlemen's seats is Altidore, situated in a long narrow demesne of pleasing character, to which have been added the adjoining grounds of Hermitage, the whole forming an interesting and truly picturesque demesne ; a deep glen penetrates the hill here, and is embellished with various kinds of timber, some of which has attained a remarkable growth, and with a mountain stream that forms numerous cascades, above which is a grotto of shells of great variety and beauty. The other seats are Kilquade House, Spring Farm, Darragh Villa, Ballygannon, Bromley, Bellefield, Tinny Park, Ballyronane, and Dromin, all beautifully situated in tastefully disposed grounds, and commanding fine views of the sea and mountain scenery. Four fairs are held in the village of the Downs, chiefly for live stock.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

16. Drishane parish church at Millstreet, built 1798

    Millstreet · town · Cork · 1798

    The parish church of Drishane stands on an eminence above Millstreet. It was built in 1798 at the expense of J. Wallis, Esq., of Drishane Castle.

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    MILLSTREET, a market and post town, in the parish of Drishane, union of Kanturk, barony of West Muskerry, county of Cork, and province of Munster, ■29:^ miles (N. W.) from Cork, and 155 (S. \V.) from Dublin, on the road from Cork to Killarney, and on that from Mallow to Kenmare ; containing '2162 inhabitants. Before 1736, this place consisted only of an inn, a mill, and five small cabins : it has now one long street, with several smaller ones diverging from it, and contains '297 houses, the greater number of which, though small, are neatly built. It is situated on the south side of the Blackwater, amidst the lofty mountains of Muskerry ; and derives its principal support from being a great thoroughfare. A small market is held every Thursday, during the winter season, chiefly for pigs; and fairs are held on the 1st and I'ith of March, June, Sept., and Dec, for the sale of cattle, horses, and pigs. An ale and porter brewery was established in 1835, which produces 1000 tierces annually; and there are extensive flour-mills, which have proved very advantageous to the farmer in encouraging the growth of wheat. Here is a court-house, in which petty-sessions are held on alternate Mondays ; connected with it is a small bridewell. Millstreet is a constabulary police station ; and there are large barracks for 6 officers and 100 men, where a detachment of infantry has been kept ever since the riots of 18'2'2. The parish church of Drishane stands on an eminence above the town ; it is a handsome edifice, built in 1798 at the expense of J. Wallis, Esq., of Drishane Castle. Here is also a Roman Catholic chapel, which, being small and inconvenient, was lately rebuilt upon a larger scale. The scenery around the town is exceedingly interesting, and in its vicinity are several elegant residences.

    MILL

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 153

17. Dr. John Hall built parish church at Newtown-Stewart

    near Newtownstewart · village · Tyrone · 1727

    In 1727 Dr. John Hall, rector of Ardstraw, built a handsome church at Newtown-Stewart at his own expense. This church has ever since continued to be the parish church.

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    in the castle on his way to Londonderry, and also on his return from Lifford ; and, on leaving it the following morning, ordered it to be dismantled, and the town to be burned ; which orders were carried into effect, and the town continued in ruins till restored by one of the Stewart family in 17'2'2. After its restoration it soon became a place of considerable trade, from its situation in the centre of a great linen district ; and in 1727, Dr. John Hall, rector of Ardstraw, built a handsome church here at his own expense, which has ever since continued to be the parish church.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 215

18. Dr. John Lawson, author, born in Omagh 1712

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1712

    Dr. John Lawson, author of Lectures on Oratory, was born in Omagh in 1712. He is noted as a notable person associated with the town.

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    The assizes for the county are held here ; as are the quarter-sessions for the baronies of Omagh and Strabane, alternately with the town of Strabane. A court baron is also held every third Thursday for the manor of Audleston, at which the seneschal of the lord of the manor presides : debts to the amount of £4 are recoverable in it. The court-house is a large and handsome edifice, on the highest ground in the town ; it has in front a fine portico of four Doric columns, with the royal arms in the tympanum : the stone of which the front is formed was raised from the quarries of Kirlis, eight miles distant. On the northern side of the town is the county prison, built in 1804, and enlarged in 1822 according to a plan adapted to the better classification of the prisoners, with the governor's house in the centre ; it consists of 60 cells, 73 beds in rooms, 10 solitary cells, 9 day-rooms, and 6 yards, with an hospital, and small chapel, and has a tread-mill, not applied to any profitable use. To the north of the gaol are the barracks, originally intended for artillery, but now enlarged and fitted up for infantry, being the depot and head-quarters of a military district ; they contain accommodations for a field officer, 7 other commissioned officers, 110 privates, and 60 horses, with an hospital for 12 patients. Here is a chief constabulary police station. The county infirmary was established in 1796 ; and though considerably enlarged in 1810, its arrangements being still imperfect, further additions have just been made to it : a building for a fever hospital is also in the town, and a dispensary, established in 1831, is supported in the usual manner. The parochial church of Drumragh, situated at Omagh, is a handsome edifice, erected in 1777 by the Mervyn family, and enlarged in 1820 with a north aisle and galleries, at the expense of the parish : it is in the Grecian style, with a lofty tower and spire built at the expense of Dr. Knox, late Bishop of Derry. In the town is a large Roman Cathohc chapel for the district of Drumragh and Omagh ; there are also two meeting-houses for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and two others belonging respectively to the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, The union workhouse, on a site of six acres held at a rent of £30, was completed in 1841 at a cost of £6557, and is constructed for 800 inmates. No trace of the ancient abbey is now in existence, and even its site is matter of doubt : a small fragment of the ruins of Castle Mervyn is still visible on the side of a brook near the pound. Dr. John Lawson, author of Lectures on Oratory, was born in this town, in 1712.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 222

19. Dromoland, castellated seat of Sir Lucius O'Brien

    Dromoland · townland · Clare

    Dromoland is a superb castellated edifice lately erected on the site of the ancient mansion, surrounded by an extensive and richly wooded demesne. A turret in the deer-park forms a conspicuous landmark in navigation of the Fergus.

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    KILNASOOLAGH, a parish, in the union of Ennis, barony of Lower Bu.n ratty, county of Clare, and province of Munster, adjoining the post-town of Newmarket-on-Fergus, and on the road from Ennis to Limerick; containing 1158 inhabitants. It comprises 5138 statute acres ; the land is of excellent quality and mostly under tillage, and the state of agriculture is much improved, chiefly through the exertions of the late Sir Edward O'Brien, Bart. Limestone of superior quality abounds, and some of it admits of a high polish. The Latoon river, which separates this parish from Quin on the north, is navigable to the bridge for lighters of 50 tons ; sea-manure is landed, and corn occasionally sent hence to Limerick. A cotton-manufactory was established a few years since, but was soon discontinued. The Newmarket petty-sessions are held every alternate Thursday at Rathfoland, on the southern border of the parish, immediately adjoining the town. Dromoland, the seat of Sir Lucius O'Brien, is a superb edifice in the castellated style, lately erected on the site of the ancient mansion, and surrounded by an extensive and richly wooded demesne, in which great improvements have been made. On an eminence in the deer-park is a turret that forms a conspicuous landmark in the navigation of the Fergus. Carrigorin, the seat of Sir William Fitzgerald, Bart., is a handsome mansion commanding a fine view of the junction of the Fergus and Shannon, and of the islands by which the former river is studded.

    The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, united to those of Dromline and Kilmaleery. and in the patronage of the Bishop : the rectory forms part of the rectorial union of Tradree or Tomfinlough. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £161. 11. 6., of which £110. 15. 6. are payable to the rector, and the remainder to the vicar ; the entire tithe of the vicarial union is £138. 9., Irish. The glebe-house, erected about 1815, and for which the Board of First Fruits

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 49

20. Dromore, Gothic castellated seat on Kenmare Bay

    Dromore · townland · Kerry

    Dromore is a noble edifice in the Gothic castellated style, lately erected on the shore of Kenmare Bay, commanding a splendid prospect of the bay and the mountains on its southern shore. The demesne extends along the bay and the eastern bank of the Blackwater.

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    The parish comprises 32,428 statute acres, and consists chiefly of mountain and bog. About one-sixth of it only is under tillage ; two-sixths are irreclaimable rocky mountain, affording, however, coarse pasturage ; and the remaining three-sixths are capable of reclamation : there are about 130 acres of woodland. Limestone exists on the lands of Cappanacoss and Dunkerron, and on the contiguous shore, and indications of copper are to be seen at GortamuUen : sea- weed, collected in the bay, is generally used for manure. Some of the inhabitants are employed in fishing, and dredging for lobsters. The Spaniards are said to have formerly carried on an extensive fishery in this bay, and there still exist on the opposite shore the remains of several long low buildings erected by them, and bearing the name of " fish palaces." The salmon-hauling at the mouth of the Blackwater is noticed in the article on the village of that name. The principal seat is Dromore, a noble edifice in the Gothic castellated style, lately erected on the shore of the bay, in the scenery of which it forms a striking feature ; it commands a splendid and extensive prospect of the bay, and of the bold and picturesque group of mountains on its southern shore. The demesne, which extends a considerable distance along the margin of the bay and the eastern bank of the Blackwater, has been much improved and extensively planted by the present proprietor : within it are the ruins of Cappanacoss Castle, formerly belonging to a branch of the OSullivans; and adjoining the ruined castle of Dunkerron is the seat of that name. The castles of Dunkerron and Cappanacoss are traditionally said to have been defended by their respective owners

    TEMP

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 325

21. Druidical altar and abbey of Moy vestiges near Newtown-Gore

    Newtowngore · townland · Leitrim

    Near the village of Newtown-Gore are vestiges of the ancient abbey of Moy and a large Druidical altar close to the village. Several lakes including Garadice Lake are situated in the vicinity.

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    from Ballinamona, on the road to Killeshandra ; containing 35 houses, and 1 87 inhabitants. Here is a small meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists, in which a school is held. Garadice Lake and several others are situated in the vicinity. There are some vestiges of the ancient abbey of Moy, and close to the village is a large Druidical altar. About 2^ miles to the south are the ruins of the castle of Longfield, which, from the gable that still remains, appears to have been of strong but rude masonry : it was taken possession of by Major Martin Armstrong, after the battle of Cavan.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 213

22. Druidical altar at Tullyoran

    Tullyoran · townland · Leitrim

    At Tullyoran in the parish of Mohill, County Leitrim, stands a Druidical altar. It is noted alongside the ruins of a monastery at Clonmorris and the round tower of the ancient abbey at Mohill.

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    the parish constitutes a benefice in two portions; there are chapels respectively at Mohill, Cavan, Clonturk, and Clonmorris ; and a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. Nearly "00 children are taught in eight public schools, five of which are aided by an annual donation of £10 each from Lord Leitrim. There are also a dispensary, a fever hospital, and a loan fund with a capital of £800. The workhouse of the union, on a site of 65 acres held at a rent of £15. 10., was completed in 1841, at a cost of £6*00, and is constructed to admit 700 inmates. The only remains of the ancient abbey are a small circular tower ; at Clonmorris are the ruins of a monastery said to have been founded by St. Morris, and at Tullyoran a Druidical altar. There is a strong sulphureous spring, more aperient than that of Swanlinbar ; and at Athimanus, about half a mile distant, is another of similar quality.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 156

23. Druidical altar remains at Newgrove and Milltown

    Ballyslattery or Newgrove · townland · Clare

    Remains of Druidical altars are recorded at Newgrove and Milltown in the parish of Tulla, County Clare, indicating prehistoric ritual activity in the area.

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    The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe ; one moiety of the rectory forms part of the union of Ogashin, and the other, with the vicarage, constitutes the corps of the i>rebend of Tulloh in the cathedral of Killaloe. The tithe rent-charge is £28.5, U.6., of which £213. 7. 6. are payable to the prebendary of Tulloh, £69. 5. to the incumbent of Ogashin, and the remainder to the prebendary of Tomgraney. The glebehouse is a good residence near the church, built in 1819 by the then incumbent, by aid of £100 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 3 acres : the church, towards the erection of which the Board granted a loan of £700, in 1817, is a neat edifice with a spire. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; it contains two chapels, one in the town and one at Drimcharley. There is a dispensary. At Kiltanon is a succession of limestone caverns, through which a rivulet takes its course ; these are much visited in summer : many petrified shells are found in the limestone, some of which are nearly perfect and very curious. On the hill of Tulla are the remains of an ancient abbey, and at Newgrove and Milltown remains of Druidical altars.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 356

24. Druidical altars at Fenagh and Letterfyan

    Fenagh · townland · Leitrim

    Two Druidical altars, known locally as 'Leaba Dearmuid agus Grainne' (Darby and Grainne's Bed or Altar), are recorded in the county. One is located within half a mile of Fenagh, and the other stands on the demesne of Letterfyan.

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    there are but two Druidical altars, one within half a mile

    of Fena, and the other on the demesne of Lctterfyan ;

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 71

25. Druidical circle and cromlech at Dowth

    Dowth · townland · Meath

    Near Dowth were a Druidical circle and the remains of a cromlech, among the notable antiquities of the Boyne valley area.

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    The most remarkable relics of antiquity of the earliest ages are two round towers, one at Kells, and the other in the churchyard of Donoughmore, near Navan. At New Grange, near Slane, is a very curious tumulus, in which is an artificial cavern of some extent and singular construction. Near Dowth are a Druidical circle and the remains of a cromlech. Vestiges of Danish monuments are very numerous ; the most remarkable is a rath near Taragh, supposed to have been the residence of the Danish king, Turgesius ; the raths of Odder, Rameven, and Ringlestown, are in the same neighbourhood : they have all been planted. Six of the ancient instruments called corabasnas were found by persons digging in a park near Slane, in 1781 : the corabasna was of a complex form, consisting of two circular plates of brass connected by a spiral wire, which produced a jingling noise when the plates were struck by the fingers ; it was used for the purpose of keeping time. Two splendid torques of pure gold were found near Taragh, in 1813, and passed into the pos- 326

    MEAT

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

26. Druidical circle and raths in Kenmare parish

    Kenmare · town · Kerry

    Several raths are found in the parish of Kenmare. Near the parish church are the remains of a Druidical circle, indicating pre-Christian ritual presence in the area.

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    partly by subscription, and partly by a loan of £520 from the Board of First Fruits ; it is situated on a gentle eminence, about half a mile east of the town, at the termination of a fine avenue of trees extending nearly the whole of the distance, and commands an extensive view of the Kenmare estuary and the surrounding scenery. In the Roman Catholic divisions the town is the head of a district, which includes the greater part of Kenmare and the whole of Templenoe ; the remainder is included in the district of Tuosist. The chapel in Kenraare is a spacious building, and there is another at Templenoe. A meeting-house for Wesleyau Methodists was lately erected. A large public school is partly supported by an annual contribution of £10 from the Marquess of Lansdowne, by whom the building was erected ; a school-house has also been built adjoining the new road from Glengariff to Kenmare, at the joint expepse of the marquess and the National Board. The union workhouse, standing in an elevated situation, on a site of 6 acres purchased for £93, was completed in 1S42, at a cost of £5315, and is constructed to contain 500 paupers ; it is an ornamental building about half a mile from the town. The ruins of the old church still remain ; also those of a small chapel, supposed to have been built by Sir Wm. Petty on the establishment of the English colony. Near the ferry, or Sound, arc the remains of a tower, called Cromwell's Fort ; and at Cahir was formerly a castle, the foundation only of which is now visible. There are several raths in the parish; and, near the church, the remains of a Druidical circle. On the little river Finnihy, not far from the town, are the ruins of an ancient foot-bridge, similar to that on the river Inny, in the barony of Iveragh. See Dromod. At Cahir are vestiges of a lead-mine, supposed to have been worked at some former period ; and on the east bank of the river Sheen are the remains of the iron smelting-works established by Sir Wm. Petty, consisting of a walled inclosure : the bogs abound with remains of the ancient forests from which these works were supplied with fuel. Kenmare gives the title of Earl to the family of Browne.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 6

27. Druidical circle and sepulchral cave at Tamlaghtocrilly

    near Tamlaght O'Crilly · parish · Derry

    At Tivaconway in the parish of Tamlaghtocrilly stands a Druidical circle, and on a rising ground above the village is a sepulchral cave or Tamlachta, from which the parish derives its name.

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    of the glebes here is worthy of notice : Lisgorgan belongs to the rector of Deserfmartin, 6 miles distant ; Ballymacpcake belongs to the rectors of Maghera and Termoneeny, and upon it stands the glebe-house of the latter; Killymuck belongs to the rector of Kilrea ; and Moneystaghan to the rector of Ballyscullion : besides which there arc the glebe of the rector of Tamlaght and the curate. The church is in the village of Tamlaght, or Churchtown ; it was rebuilt in IS 15 by aid of a loan of £1000 from the late Board of First Fruits. The chapel of the curacy, at Tyanee, is a small neat edifice in the early English style, built at the private expense of the late Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry, and to the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £150. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Desertoghill ; it contains two chapels, a small one at Greenlough and a larger one at Drumagarner, both plain buildings. At Tamlaght and Boveedy are meeting-houses for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly ; and there is one at Drumbolg for Covenanters. The Rev. Ralph Mansfield, about 90 years since, bequeathed £100 to the poor of the parish ; only £50 remain, the interest of which is distributed twice a year. There are some remains of ancient fortifications; at Tivaconway is a Druidical circle ; and on a rising ground above the village is the sepulchral cave, or Tamlachta, from which the parish derives its name.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 314

28. Druidical circle at Larch Hill

    near Larch Hill · street · Dublin

    A Druidical circle is situated at Larch Hill. In the centre of the circle stands an altar or cromlech.

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    The LIVING is a rectory and perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Dublin. The rectory is appropriate partly to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and partly to the incumbent of Tallaght : the parish was erected into a perpetual curacy in 1823, when it was separated from the union of Tallaght, and the curacy is in the alternate patronage of the Archbishop, and W. Bryan, Esq. The tithe rent-charge is £163. 3., of which £39. 3. are payable to the commissioners, and the remainder to the incumbent of Tallaght, who allows the curate a stipend of £69. 7. : 10S9 acres of the parish are tithe-free. The church was erected in IS'26, at an expense of £'2000, on a site in the grounds of Marlay, given by John David La Touche, Esq. ; it is in the pointed style, with a tower and spire : the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £'283 towards repairs. The old church, which has a burial-ground attached to it, and stands on an eminence about half a mile distant, forms a picturesque ruin. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is part of the district of Rathfarnham. There is a Moravian cemetery in the grounds of Marlay, not far from the church. Near it, also, is a school-house with apartments for the master and mistress, erected in 1824 : about 30 of the pupils are annually clothed. At the Little Dargle are the ruins of a cromlech, the three upright stones of which are still standing, but the tablestone has been displaced and lies on the ground near them. At Larch Hill is a Druidical circle, with an altar or cromlech in its centre ; and on Kilmashogue mountain is a strong chalybeate spa.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 402

29. Druidical monument in Loughry demesne

    near Loughry · townland · Tyrone

    A less perfect druidical monument, similar to the Clogh-togle type, is to be seen in the demesne of Loughry.

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    The REMAINS of ANTIQUITY are not peculiarly interesting. Raths are scattered over almost every part ; near the western border of the mountain named Mary Grey, more than twelve of them may be seen within the compass of a mile : they are generally in pairs. Many are now scarcely discernible, in consequence of the farmers having drawn off the mould for manure. The most perfect has a parapet six feet high, with stepping stones projecting from the inner sides in an oblique direction to the top, like the winding of a staircase; its diameter is 33 yards. A very remarkable Druidieal monument, called Cloghtogle, or the " lifted stone," stands on a hill a mile north of Newtown-Stewart ; it consists of three large stones set upright in a triangular position, about 7 feet high each, and covered with a broad horizontal flag 1 1 feet long, 7 broad, and Ij inches thick. On an opposite hill, at the distance of about 100 yards, was a similar relic of larger dimensions, now lying on the ground. There is a large and very beautiful one, also called Clogh-togle, at Tamlaght, near Coagh ; it consists of six upright stones standing about 5 feet above the ground, on which is a large slab whose greatest diameter is 10 feet, its circumference 2S, and its greatest thickness 7 feet. Another, but less perfect, is to be seen in the demesne of Loughry ; and a very noble one, 12 feet high, a quarter of a mile above Castlederg. At Kilmeillie, near Dungannon, are two circles of stones, each about 20 yards in diameter, in the form of the figure S. On the same hill has been found a kind of altar of dry stones, with the charcoal aud bones fresh among the stones, which retained the marks of fire. An urn has been found in a little sandy hill near Cookstown, covered with a large limestone slab, and surrounded by si.x others. Near Omagh, three small chests containing as many urns were found in 17 1-. under two heaps of stones. In the parish of Errigal-Keroge is a flat stone set upright, about three feet broad and of the same height above ground, having one side covered with carvings of a regular design, consisting of waving and circular lines : it had been the cover of a vault formed of flags set edgeways ; in the vault were found two earthen vessels containing ashes. Near Dungannon have been found several brazen trumpets of an uncommon construction, with a hole in the side, and the smaller end stopped, supposed to have been Danish. The monastic institutions of which traces yet remain are those of Ardboe, Ardstraw, Cluin-Dhubhain, Garvaghkerin, Puble, Grange, and Dououghmore : Cloghcr, Airecal-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 367

30. Druidical relic at Carrigahilla

    Stradbally · town · Waterford

    At Carrigahilla near Stradbally, Waterford, is a relic supposed to be Druidical, consisting of an oval inclosure 182 yards long by 33 broad, with a large upright stone in the centre and several smaller ones around it.

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    interest from having been the place of refuge of the Fitzgeralds. At Ballivoney, traces of an extensive building are visible, extending in length 180 feet, and in breadth 90, with an open wall in front ; it is supposed to have belonged to the Knights Templars. Two miles south-west of the village, on a very steep cliff, are the ruins of a castle (the Irish name of which signifies "the house of fortification") built by the Fitzgeralds, and defended on the land side by a deep trench, over which was a drawbridge. At Carrigahilla is a relic supposed to be Druidical, consisting of an oval inclosure, 1 8'2 yards long by 33 broad, having a large upright stone in the centre and several smaller ones around it. One of the brotherhood of the Augustine friars, ruins of whose abbey are in the churchyard, was called the " White Friar," and is the hero of many legendary tales.

    STRADE, county Mayo. — See Templemore.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 301

31. Druidical remains at Killiney Park and Druid Cottage

    Killiney · townland · Dublin

    Interesting Druidical remains are found in Killiney Park and the grounds of Druid Cottage. Ancient coins, ornaments and military weapons have been frequently discovered in the area.

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    Board of First Fruits, and is in the later English style, built of the white granite that is found in great abundance on the spot ; at the west end is an embattled tower with pinnacles. There is no glebe-house ; the glebe consists of nearly two acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish forms part of the district of Kingstown. A dispensary in the village is maintained in the customary manner. Near Killiney bay are two martello towers and two batteries : the picturesque ruins of the old church, covered with ivy, are also on the shore. In Killiney Park and the grounds of Druid Cottage are some interesting Druidical remains : stone coffins, and urns of baked clay, were found in the grounds of Killiney House, about the year 17S4; and ancient coins, ornaments, and military weapons have been frequently found here. Near Dorset Lodge is a pyramidical monument of granite, erected to mark the spot where the fourth duke of Dorset lost his life accidentally, while hunting, in 1315.

    KILLINEY, county Kerry. — See Killeiny.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 39

32. Druidical temple ruins near Carrickmacross

    Carrickmacross · town · Monaghan

    Near Carrickmacross are the ruins of a Druidical temple consisting of an oblong mound of earth enclosed by a circuit of large upright stones.

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    third of very considerable dimensions, but now almost concealed by plantations, may be seen at Fort Singleton, near Eniyvale. Near Carrickmacross are the ruins of a Druidical temple, consisting of an oblong mound of earth inclosed by a circuit of large upright stones. Wicker hurdles of very curious workmanship have been found iu the bogs, in a high state of preservation ; they appear to have been carried thither by parties on a marauding expedition, for the purpose of crossing the bog, and, having been left behind in the hurry of advance or retreat, were gradually imbedded. A curious relic is preserved at Knockbuy, near the town of Monaghan ; it is called the " Balaghdthownagh," and consists of a bo,\, about the size of a thick folio volume, containing a crucifix and some relics. It is kept with the greatest veneration as a kind of heir-loom in the Bradley family, and is used as an attestation of innocence for imputed crimes which do not admit of the usual kind of evidence ; when let out on an occasion of this kind, valuable security is always required for its restoration. No county in Ireland has so few vestiges of monastic buildings. The abbey of Clones is the only one of which any remains exist : that of Monaghan is utterly destroyed, a castle having been erected on its site ; the wealthy abbey of Tyhallon is known only by name. The castle of Monaghan is noticed by Sir John Davies, in his account of the lord-deputy's tour through the county, as being then in a state of ruinous neglect. The ruins of the old mansion-house of Castle-Blayney are still standing, but are so close to the modern building as to injure the appearance of both : there are also the ruins of an old building in the same demesne, bearing, however, no resemblance to a religious structure ; the walls are very massive, but the ruins are so overgrown with trees as to render inspection very difficult. At Vicar's Dale, in Donaghmoyne, are the ruins of a castle ; and near Dawson Lodge, those of another, called Maghernacligh.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 162

33. Drumbanagher Castle, Italian-style residence

    Drumbanagher · townland · Armagh

    Drumbanagher Castle, situated south of Poyntzpass, was a handsome residence built in the Italian style with a large portico in front. It stood as a notable architectural feature of the area.

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    POYNTZ-PASS, Pointz-Pass, or Fenwick's-Pass, a small town, in the union of Newry, partly in the parish of Aghaderg, barony of Upper Iveagh, county of Down, but chiefly in the parish of Ballymore, barony of Lower Orior, county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 2f miles (S. W.) from Loughbrickland, to which it has a receiving-house for letters ; containing 643 inhabitants. This place was formerly an encumbered pass through bogs and woods, from the county of Down into that of Armagh, and from the O'Hanlons' to the Magennises' country : it derives its present name from this important military position having been forced, after a desperate action, by Lieutenant Poyntz, of the English army, with a few troops, against a numerous body of Tyrone's soldiers ; for which service he was rewarded with a grant of 500 acres in the barony. There are some remains of the castle which formerly commanded the pass ; and at Drumbanagher are vestiges of the intrenchment surrounding the principal stronghold of the Earl of Tyrone during his wars with Queen Elizabeth, called Tyrone's Ditches. Poyntz- Pass is now one of the most fertile and beautiful spots in this part of the country. To the south is Drumbanagher Castle, a handsome residence built in the Italian style, with a large portico in front ; and on an eminence above the town is Acton House ; not far from which is Union Lodge, in a beautiful demesne bounded by the extensive waters of Lough Shark. That portion of the town which is in the county of Armagh was built about 1790, by Mr. Stewart, then proprietor, who procured for it a grant of a market and fairs ; the former was never established, but the latter, held on the first Saturday in

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    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 233

34. Drumcor Roman Catholic chapel, built 1809

    Drumcor · townland · Cavan · 1809

    A Roman Catholic chapel at Drumcor, in the parish of Kilmore, was built in 1809 at an expense of £150. The parish also had a chapel at Ballinagh.

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    The LIVING of Kilmore is a vicarage, united by royal authority, at an unknown date, to the vicarage of Ballintemple and the rectory and vicarage of Keadue, together forming the union and the corps of the deanery of Kilmore, in the patronage of the Crown ; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Westraeath. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is f'^G'i. 10., of which £95. 18. are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar; the aggregate tithe of the benefice of the dean is £632. 13. The glebe-house is an old building. The glebe here comprises '27 0| acres of profitable land, and 265 of bog ; there is also, in the parish of Ballinteraple, a glebe of 103^ acres, besides which arc 436^ acres of profitable land and 47 acres of bog belonging to the deanery, though not in any of the parishes within the union. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church ; there are two chapels, situated respectively at Ballinagh and Drumcor, the latter built in 1 809, at an expense of £150. In the churchyard are interred the remains of Bishop Bedell, whose death was occasioned or accelerated by the severities he endured while in the hands of the insurgents in 1641. In such esteem was this exemplary prelate held, even by those who had hastened his decease, that they attended his funeral obsequies with the most unbounded demonstrations of respect and sorrow. In the same vault was interred Bishop Cumberland. On Trinity Island are the remains of an abbey ; and on a small island in Killekeeu lake are the ruins of the castle of Cloughoughter, in which Bishop Bedell was confined.

    KILMORE, a parish, in the union of Downp.\trick, partly in the barony of Kinelarty, but chiefly in that of Upper Castlereagh, county of Down, and province of Ulster, 4 miles (E.byS.) from Ballinahinch, and on the road from Downpatrick to Belfast ; containing 6277 inhabitants, of whom 134 are in the village. It comprises 1 '2,854 statute acres, of which 6387 1 are in 149

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 47

35. Drumgath parish church at Rathfriland

    near Rathfriland · town · Down · 1818

    The parish church of Drumgath is situated on the south side of the square in Rathfriland. Originally founded by Robert Hawkins Magill, it was rebuilt in 1818 as a small neat edifice with a tower.

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    market-house is a handsome building in the centre of the square ; the lower part is appropriated to the use of the market, and the upper part contains accommodation for holding courts. A constabulary police force is stationed in the town, and petty-scssi{)ns are held on alternate Fridays. The manorial court is held on the first Tuesday in every month before the seneschal ; its jurisdiction extends to pleas of debt to the amount of £100, which may be recovered by civil-bill process. The parish church of Drumgath, a small neat edifice with a tower on the north side, is situated on the south side of the square ; it was originally founded by Robert Hawkins Magill, Esq., maternal grandfather of General Meade, and was rebuilt in 1818. There are also in the town a spacious Roman Catholic chapel ; places of worship for the Society of Friends, Presbyterians, Covenanters, and Wesleyan Methodists ; and a dispensary. On the very.summit of the hill round which the town is built, are some slight remains of the castle of the powerful sept of the Magennises, lords of Iveagh, commanding the entire country for ten miles round ; a modern house was erected on the site in ISI'2, when, in digging the foundation, many small cells were discovered, in some of which were human bones, pieces of armour, coins, and other relics.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 250

36. Drumilly, ancient mansion with twin square towers

    Drumilly · townland · Armagh

    Drumilly is an ancient mansion in Loughgall parish distinguished by two lofty square towers projecting from its front, overlooking the village. It is listed among the principal seats of the parish.

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    good building-stone ; and at the hamlet of ^Nlillbrook are some mills. Loughcrew House, the residence of the Napier family, is a magnificent structure in the Grecian-Ionic style, erected from designs by Mr. Cockerell, of Loudon; it is faced entirely with hewn limestone, has a noble portico, and contains some good paintings by the old masters. The mansion, the outoffices (which are of a superior order), and the improvements in the demesne, are stated to have cost upwards of £80,000. The demesne comprises about 900 plantation acres, of which nearly 200 are planted ; the principal approach is by a lodge of elegant design, and the scenery in the vicinity is of a pleasing character. The LIVING is a vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, united by act of council, in 168<2, to the rectory of Moylough and the vicarage of Diamor, and by episcopal authority, in 1815, to the rectory of Russagh or Clonabreny, together constituting the union of Loughcrew, in the patronage of the Crown : the rectory is impropriate in E. Rotheram, of Crossdrum, Esq. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £1'24. 12. 4., payable in equal portions to the impropriator and vicar ; and the entire tithe of the benefice of the incumbent is £■277. 5. 6. The glebe-house was built in 1821, at an expense of £1879, of which £1275 were granted as a loan by the late Board of First Fruits, £100 as a gift, and the remainder was defrayed by the incumbent. The glebe comprises 40 plantation acres, valued at £50 British per annum ; part of which is subject to a rent of £32. 15. The church, an ancient structure, for the repair of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners some years ago granted £181, has been recently pulled down, and a new one erected, at the cost of £1270, of which £500 were raised by subscription, and £770 were a grant from the same commissioners. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Oldcastle, and has a chapel at Loughcrew. LOUGH DERG.— See Templecarne. LOUGHGALL, or Levalley-Eglish, a post-town and parish, partly in the barony of Armagh, but chiefly in that of ONeilland West, union and county of Armagh, and province of Ulster, 4 miles (N. E.) from Armagh, and 70 (X.) from Dublin, on the great north road from Derry, through Dungannon, to Armagh ; containing 9615 inhabitants, of whom 394 are in the town. The parish is bounded on the north by the river Blackwater, and comprises, with the district parish of Charlemont, 10,924i statute acres, of which 2449| are in the barony of Armagh, and the remainder in ONeilland West ; 59| acres are water, and of the land about twothirds are exceedingly rich and fertile, and the remainder of inferior quality. The system of agriculture has been highly improved under the auspices of the resident gentry, and excellent crops are raised ; there is some valuable bog, but no waste land. Limestone abounds, and is extensively quarried for agricultural purposes and tor repairing the roads. The weaving of linencloth is carried on here to a considerable extent, affordmg employment to more than 600 persons, who are engaged by the manufacturers and bleachers of Banbridge. The principal seats are, Drumilly, an ancient mansion with two lofty square towers projecting from the front, and overlooking the village ; Hockley Lodge ; Ardress ; Green Hall ; Summer Island, belonging to Colonel Sir W. Verner ; Eden Cottage ; Cloven Eden ■ 276

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 110

37. Drum Mountain and the tradition of Queen Anne's reservation

    near Comeragh Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Waterford

    The Drum mountain divides the old territory of Decies into Decies-within-Drum and Decies-without-Drum. A popular local tradition held that Queen Anne reserved the mountain for the relief of the poor, and great numbers settled on small plots. The tract was lately adjudged the property of Henry Villiers Stuart, Lord Stuart de Decies.

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    inlet rises the elevated tract called the Drum mountain, which divides the old territory of Decies into Decies within and without Drum. This mountain comprises a large tract of land, much of it already cultivated, and all capable of considerable improvement : the summit is a table-land extending about twelve miles in length and from four to five in breadth, and comprising about 25,000 acres. The mountain is supposed by some to have anciently belonged to the proprietors of the surrounding estates, in common ; by others, in consequence of its inferior value, to have never been appropriated ; while a favourite notion among the common people is, that it was reserved by Queen Anne for the relief of the poor, of whom great numbers have made settlements on small plots of it. The barony of Decies-within-Drum was cut off by this tract from the rest of the county, and was formerly accessible only by a circuitous route, or by attempting the mountain passes, which were impassable by a loaded carriage. Consequently, the produce of the land could be conveyed to the neighbouring markets only by sending it coastwise in boats, or employing horses, that carried it on their backs over the difficult and dangerous pathways. The mountain tract was lately decided to be the property of Henry Villiers Stuart, Esq., now Lord Stuart de Decies. Some of the finest scenes are presented by the shores of the Blackwater, throughout its course in the western part of the county ; wooded heights generally bordering the broad and navigable stream on each side, and the whole being enriched by castles, seats, and villages. The general superiority of Coshmore and Coshbride, in cultivation and pleasing scenery, has procured for the barony the designation of " the garden of the county." The other western parts of the county, including the small barony of Glenahiery (so called from the glen of the Nier, a small river which descends through it into the Suir), has for the most part an elevated and uninteresting character, except where the high mountain of Knockmeledown stands conspicuous to the north of Lismore and has some picturesque glens descending from its sides to the Blackwater : its summit commands a prospect of great extent and magnificence.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 374

38. Drumragh parish church at Omagh erected 1777 by Mervyns

    near Omagh · town · Tyrone · 1777–1820

    The parochial church of Drumragh, situated at Omagh, is a handsome Grecian-style edifice erected in 1777 by the Mervyn family and enlarged in 1820 with a north aisle and galleries. Its lofty tower and spire were built at the expense of Dr. Knox, late Bishop of Derry.

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    The assizes for the county are held here ; as are the quarter-sessions for the baronies of Omagh and Strabane, alternately with the town of Strabane. A court baron is also held every third Thursday for the manor of Audleston, at which the seneschal of the lord of the manor presides : debts to the amount of £4 are recoverable in it. The court-house is a large and handsome edifice, on the highest ground in the town ; it has in front a fine portico of four Doric columns, with the royal arms in the tympanum : the stone of which the front is formed was raised from the quarries of Kirlis, eight miles distant. On the northern side of the town is the county prison, built in 1804, and enlarged in 1822 according to a plan adapted to the better classification of the prisoners, with the governor's house in the centre ; it consists of 60 cells, 73 beds in rooms, 10 solitary cells, 9 day-rooms, and 6 yards, with an hospital, and small chapel, and has a tread-mill, not applied to any profitable use. To the north of the gaol are the barracks, originally intended for artillery, but now enlarged and fitted up for infantry, being the depot and head-quarters of a military district ; they contain accommodations for a field officer, 7 other commissioned officers, 110 privates, and 60 horses, with an hospital for 12 patients. Here is a chief constabulary police station. The county infirmary was established in 1796 ; and though considerably enlarged in 1810, its arrangements being still imperfect, further additions have just been made to it : a building for a fever hospital is also in the town, and a dispensary, established in 1831, is supported in the usual manner. The parochial church of Drumragh, situated at Omagh, is a handsome edifice, erected in 1777 by the Mervyn family, and enlarged in 1820 with a north aisle and galleries, at the expense of the parish : it is in the Grecian style, with a lofty tower and spire built at the expense of Dr. Knox, late Bishop of Derry. In the town is a large Roman Cathohc chapel for the district of Drumragh and Omagh ; there are also two meeting-houses for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly, and two others belonging respectively to the Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, The union workhouse, on a site of six acres held at a rent of £30, was completed in 1841 at a cost of £6557, and is constructed for 800 inmates. No trace of the ancient abbey is now in existence, and even its site is matter of doubt : a small fragment of the ruins of Castle Mervyn is still visible on the side of a brook near the pound. Dr. John Lawson, author of Lectures on Oratory, was born in this town, in 1712.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 222

39. Dublin and Kingstown Railway opened 1834

    near Dún Laoghaire · town · Dublin · 1834

    The Dublin and Kingstown Railway was opened to the public on 17 December 1834, carrying an average of 5,000 passengers daily. The line commenced at Westland Row, Dublin, and extended along the sea-shore through Merrion, Blackrock, and Monkstown to the old harbour of Dunleary.

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    The Royal Harbour of Kingstown is now exclusively the station for the Holyhead and Liverpool mail packets ; and from the great accommodation it affords to steamvessels of every class, and the protection and security to all vessels navigating the Irish Channel, it has fully, realized all the benefits contemplated in its construction. The number of vessels that entered, during the year 1835, was 2000, of the aggregate burthen of '244,282 tons ; exclusively of 5* men-of-war and cruisers, and of the regular post-ofBce steam-packets from Holyhead and Liverpool, of which there are eight employed daily in conveying the mails and passengers. In 1845 the number of vessels that entered was very much larger. About 20 yawls belong to the port, the chief trade of which is the exportation of cattle, corn, granite, and lead-ore, and the importation of coal, timber, and iron. The intercourse with the metropolis is greatly facilitated by the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, which was lately extended, by the Board of Works, from the old harbour of Dunleary to the new wharf, which is very large and commodious. The original line was opened to the public on the I7th December, 1834, and the number of passengers has since been on the average 5000 daily ; the number from Dublin to Kingstown, during the races subsequent to the opening, was, on the first day, 8900, and on the second, 9700. The line was completed to the old harbour at an expense of more than £200,000, of which £74,000 were advanced on loan by the Board of Works ; and during its progress it employed from 1500 to 1800 men daily. It commences at Westlaudrow, Dublin, where the company erected a handsome and spacious building for passengers ; and is carried over several streets, and across the dock of the Grand Canal, by substantial arches of granite. At Merrion, about two miles from the city, it passes through the sea on an elevated embankment to Blackrock. Thence it proceeds through extensive excavations, and intersecting the demesnes of Lord Cloncurry and Sir Harcourt Lees, passes under a tunnel about 70 feet in length, and extends along the sea-shore to the martello tower at Seapoint, continuing along the base of the Monkstown cliffs to SalthiU, and thence to the old harbour of Dunleary, where commences the line to the new packetwharf. The terminus at the wharf is a very handsome building. Nine locomotive engines of the most approved construction are employed on the road ; and 189

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

40. Ducart's remarkable aqueduct near Newmills

    near Newmills · population centre · Tyrone

    The celebrated engineer Ducart resided in the parish and directed the construction of the canal's aqueducts and bridges. A remarkable aqueduct built under his direction near Newmills still remains entirely intact.

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    on the northern bank of the Torren, is a large and wellfortified encampment thrown up by Turlogh O'Nial. In the churchyard is a venerable ash-tree, measuring '29 feet iu circumference ; near Drumrea is a valuable sulphureous spring, said to be highly beneficial in scorbutic cases. Ducart, the celebrated engineer, resided for some years in this parish, and under his direction the aqueducts, bridges, &c., of the canal, were constructed, by the Board of Inland Navigation : a remarkable aqueduct constructed under his direction still remains entire, near Newmills.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 357

41. Duhallow canal and Navigation Road

    Mallow · town · Cork · 1787–1837

    About fifty years before the time of writing, three miles of a canal intended to connect the Duhallow collieries with the sea were cut near Mallow. The line can still be traced adjoining the road to Kanturk, thence called the Navigation Road.

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    The inhabitants carry on an extensive and lucrative TRADE with the opulent and populous districts in the neighbourhood, importing most of their articles of general consumption direct from England. In the town and its immediate vicinity are three soap and candle manufactories ; three tanyards ; three flourmills, of which those belonging to Messrs. W. and K. Brady and Messrs. Molloy and Co. are worked by the river Clydagh, and produce each about 10,000 barrels annually ; the extensive brewery and malting establishment of Owen Madden, Esq. ; two lime and salt works ; and a small manufactory of blankets and flannel, with a dyeing and pressing house. The projected railway from Dublin to Cork will pass close to the town. About 50 years since, 3^ miles of a line of canal, intended to connect the Duhallow collieries with the sea, were cut and may still be traced adjoining the road to Kanturk, thence called the " Navigation road." In the excise arrangements the town gives name to, and is the head of, a district comprising the towns of Charleville, Fermoy, Kanturk, Mallow, Mitchelstown, Midleton, Rathcormac, and Youghal, in the county of Cork ; and Clogheen, in the county of Tipperary. A branch of the Provincial Bank has been established, and, more recently, a branch of the National Bank. The principal market is on Tuesday, when large quantities of corn are bought by agents for the Cork merchants ; there is a second market on Friday ; and butter, celebrated for the sweetness of its flavour, and eggs, are brought for sale daily. Fairs are held on the Tst of January, the day before Shrove-Tuesday, May 11th, July ■25th, and Oct. 28th, for general farming-stock ; the January fair is chiefly for pigs, of which more than 2000 were sold in a recent year. The market-place was recently erected, at the sole expense of Sir Jephson Norreys : it occupies 302

    MALL

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 133

42. Duke of Cumberland statue in Duke-square, 1747

    Birr or Parsonstown · town · Offaly · 1747

    The principal streets of Parsonstown terminate in Duke-square, where a statue of the Duke of Cumberland stands on a Doric pillar 55 feet high, erected in 1747 to commemorate his victory at Culloden.

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    Hiberniae :" it is in 5.S'' 6' 16" (N. Lat.), and '° 38' 23" ( W. Lon.) ; its geocentric latitude is 5'2° ,55' 30" (North). It is the largest town in the county, consisting of 1 103 houses ; and rose to the highly improved state in which it now is chiefly during the period in which the late proprietor, the second earl of Rosse, superintended its progress. The principal streets, formed of modern houses and laid out in straight lines, terminate in Duke-square, in which is a statue of the Duke of Cumberland, on a Doric pillar 55 feet high, set up in 1*47. ii» commemoration of his victory at Culloclen. The castle, situated at one side of the town, may l)c said to have been rebuilt by the Parsons family : the centre of the building, which ■was consumed by an accidental fire in 1832, has been restored and improved.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 228

43. Duke of Ormonde made governor of Passage for life, 1663

    Passage East · townland · Waterford · 1663

    In 1663 the Duke of Ormonde was appointed governor of the port and town of Passage for life, reflecting the strategic importance of this Waterford harbour settlement in the Restoration period.

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    Waterford ; the serious inconvenience this produced to the besieged caused Ferral, the governor, to attempt the recovery of the place, but his forces were repulsed by a large body of Cromwell's army. In 1663, the Duke of Ormonde was made governor of the port and town of Passage for life. The town contains 11 '2 houses, and is situated on a narrow piece of low land between the river Suir and a lofty precipitous hill ; it is a constabulary police station, and the parish church stands on the summit of a hill here. A block-house mounted with several great gutis, and commonly under the command of the governor of Duncannon Fort, about a league distant, on the Wexford side of the river, formerly stood where the old pier or mole now is. The river affords commodious shelter -.nd anchorage to vessels of large burthen, and the town is now progressively improving. Here is a Roman Catholic chapel, situated in part of the parish of Crook ; also a school.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 229

44. Duke of Schomberg's Landing at Bangor

    near Bangor · town · Down · 1689

    Upon the landing of the Duke of Schomberg near Bangor in 1689, a considerable body of forces loyal to James II assembled at Lisburn. The forces later abandoned the town without defending it, and William III passed through shortly before the Battle of the Boyne.

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    of horse, the insurgent army commanded by Sir Phclim O'Nial, Sir Conn Magennis, and General IMiinkct, on their march to Carrickfergus, advanced to attack the town. Sir Arthur Tyringham, however, arriving with a small reinforcement, and being aided by Sir George Rawdou, repulsed the columns of the enemy as they successively ad\anced to the assault, and, by a galling fire from the streets, committed great slaughter among them. At nightfall, further reinforcements arrived from Carrickfergus and Belfast ; and the insurgents, despairing of success, set fire to the town, which in a few hours was reduced to ashes ; a sanguinary conflict being maintained in the burning town till nearly midnight, when the insurgents w'ere finally put to flight, leaving behind them a number of slain equal to three times the entire number of the garrison, of whom only from '20 to 30 were killed. In 1644, General Monroe made an attempt to obtain possession of the town, but was frustrated by the vigilance and resolution of the garrison ; and on the 6th of December, 1648, that general, with the Scottish forces under his command, was signally defeated on the plains of " Lisnegarvey," by Colonel Venables and Sir Charles Coote, two of Cromwell's commanders ; to the former of whom the castle was surrendered in 1650. On the landing of the Duke of Schomberg, near Bangor, in 16S9, a considerable body of forces in the interest of James II. assembled at this place ; but they afterwards abandoned it without any attempt for its defence, and William III. passed through the town shortly before the battle of the Boyne. Charles II., to reward the fidelity of the inhabitants to his father and to himself, had erected the church of Lishurn into a cathedral for the united dioceses of Down and Connor, and had granted the townsmen the privilege of sending two representatives to the Irish parliament ; but what more especially contributed to the improvement and commercial importance of the town was the settlement here, after the revocation of the edict of Nantz, of many Huguenot families, who introduced the manufacture of linen, and brought with them improved machinery from Holland. The skill and industry of these foreigners were liberally encouraged by the government, which granted large sums of money for the erection of suitable buildings for carrying on the manufactures, &c. ; and, by giving an example to others engaged in the same trade, the new settlers soon raised the quality of the manufactures to a degree of excellence previously unknown. In 170", the town and castle were burned to the ground ; the latter has never been rebuilt, but the present town soon arose from the ruins of the former, and gradually increased in extent. It has been greatly improved at various times, especially within the last few years by the spirited exertions of the agent of the Marquess of Hertford, who is owner in ■fee of the whole town, and of a considerable part of the surrounding country ; and Lisburn is now one of the handsomest inland towns in Ulster.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 81

45. Duleek monastery, first stone-and-mortar edifice in Ireland

    Duleek · town · Meath

    The ruins of the old monastery of Duleek are said to be the first monastic edifice built of stone and mortar in Ireland. The remains present curious and extraordinary traces of rude architecture.

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    session of the late Duke of Sussex. Bracelets or collars, being solid rings of pure gold of very ancient and rude workmanship, were found near Trimleston Castle, in 1S33 ; the largest weighed 12 ounces avoirdupois. The ruins of abbeys, priories, convents, and other monastic edifices, are numerous through every part of the county ; and still more numerous are the names of others now only discoverable by some local name, or traceable in historic records. The ruins of the old monastery of Duleek, said to be the first monastic edifice built of stone and mortar in Ireland, presents some curious and extraordinary traces of rude architecture. At Bective are extensive and picturesque ruins of the wealthy abbey of that name : at Clonard were an abbey of Canons Regular, a convent, and also a cathedral, but nothing now remains except the font of the last ; at Colpe, Newtown, Slane, and Trim, were also abbeys of Canons Regular, all now in ruins. At Killeen and Kilmainham- Wood were commandcries of Knights Hospitallers ; at Ratoath and Skreen, priories of the Augustinian eremites ; at Eirk, near Slane, a hermitage ; at Trim, a priory of Crutched friars ; and on the Holy or Church island, in Lough Sheelin, an abbey of Grey friars : Kilmainham-beg and Teltown belonged to the Dominicans. The whole have long since fallen into ruins. The monasteries of which no ruins remain are, those of Ardbraccan, Ardceath, Ardmulchan, Ardsallagh, Athboy, Ballybogan, Beaumore near Colpe, Beaubeg, Calliagh, Cloonmanan, Disert-tola, Donaghmore, Donaghcarney near Colpe, and Donoughpatrick ; a priory of the Virgin Mary, and the Magdalen Hospital, at Duleek ; abbeys at Dunshaughlin, and Indenen near Slane ; a house of Regular Canons, an hospital of St. John the Baptist, and a chantry, all at Kells ; a house of Regular Canons and a nunnery at Killeen ; an abbey at Navan, on the site of which the cavalry barrack is now built ; priories at Odder and Rosse, south of Taragh ; an abbey of Regular Canons and a chantry at Skreen ; a monastery of Grey Friars, on the site of which the sessions-house at Trim stands ; a nunnery, a Greek church, and a chantry, at Trim ; and Dominican friaries at Kilberry, Lismullen, and Dunshaughlin ; besides several others. Columbkill's house, a stone-roofed cell, said to be one of the oldest stone-built houses in Ireland, is still traceable at Kells ; in which town are also several stone crosses, one in particular of beautiful workmanship. In the cemetery at Castlekicran, in which are the ruins of a small church, is another very fine stone cross richly sculptured.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 149

46. Dun-a-Mallaghit, the 'cursed fort'

    near Ballycastle · town · Antrim

    Within a quarter of a mile of Ballycastle is a rath called Dun-a-Mallaghit, meaning 'the cursed fort.' It is a truncated cone-shaped rath, one of several in the parish.

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    On the summit of Knocklaide is a tumulus called Cairn-an-Truagh, said traditionally to be the burialplace of three Danish princesses. There are several raths in the parish, some terminating in a pointed apex, and others flat on the top like a truncated cone ; of the latter sort, one, within a quarter of a mile of the town, is called Dun-a-Mallaglit, the " cursed fort." The castle of Doonaiiintiey stands on a bold headland, 300 feet above the level of the sea, commanding the channel and the isle of Rathlin : two miles westward are the noble and romantic ruins of Kinbcme, or Kenbann, Castle, built on a projecting cliff of Umestone rock running out several hundred feet into the sea, under some headlands which rise 280 feet above the ruins. In the townland of Ballycastle are the remains of the edifice which gave name to the place ; an uninteresting gable is all that exists : about two miles hence, on the Glenslush water, are the ruins of a very extraordinary castle, called Gobati'Saur, once the residence of the powerful chieftain O'Cahan. Immediately adjoining the quay of Ballycastle are the interesting ruins of the abbey of Boiuimargy, founded by Mac Donnell, in 1509, and which was perhaps the latest erected in Ireland for Franciscan monks ; the chapel is in tolerable preservation, being the burial-place of the Antrim family. According to Archdall, St. Patrick founded a religious house here, called Rath-Moane, in which he placed St. Ereclasius. Vast quantities of beautiful pebbles are found along the shore, among which are chalcedony, opal, dentrites, and belemnites. On the lands of Drumans, on the side of the great mountain of Knocklaide, is a spring, the waters of which are strongly chalybeate and may be conveyed to distant places without any diminution of their effect.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 243

47. Dunamase: seat of the chieftain of Hy Laoighois

    Park or Dunamase · townland · Laois

    The early territory of Hy Laoighois, which included the King's County, the Queen's County, Dublin and Kildare, was governed by a chieftain who resided at Dunamase in the Queen's County.

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    This part of the island, owing to its inland situatioti, is not noticed by Ptolemy ; recourse must therefore be had to the early native writers as the only source whence to ascertain its former state. From these it has been concluded that, at a very remote period, the county formed part of the territory denominated //;/ Fal^jid, which comprised also Meath, Westmcath, Dublin, and Kildare. It was likewise included, together with the Queen's county, Dublin, and Kildare, under the denomination of IIij Laoigliois, the chieftain of which resided at Dunamase, in the Queen's county. Afterwards, the county, or, as some say, the southern part of it only, was included in the district of J'.ile, or //y Leigh, comprehending also the western part of the Queen's county, and the northern part of Tipperary. That district was subsequently divided into three principalities, each under its own chieftain ; one of which, forming the southern portion of the King's county, and lying westward of the Slieve-Bloom mountains, obtained the name of Eile in Chmrhhuil, or "the plain near the rock, " afterwards corrupted into Elij O'Carrotl. The chiefs of Ely O'Carroll were called O'CarroU ; and under them was a subordinate dynast named O'Delany, who ruled over a district in the south, denominated Dal-leagh-nui, or "the district of the flat country.' These two districts, with the more northern parts of the present King's county, occupied by the Mac Coghlans, O'Molloys, and O'Conors, were afterw^ards united into one kingdom, under the title of the ancient kingdom of Hy Ftilgia, or Off'aUia ; which comprehended also a part of the county of Kildare, and the lands of the O'Dempsies and O'Duias, in the Queen's county. It retained this title for several centuries after the landing of the English, and included a smaller territory called Hij Bressatl.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

48. Dunbeacon and Dunmanus castles of O'Mahony sept

    Dunbeacon · townland · Cork

    The castles of Dunbeacon and Dunmanus on Dunmanus Bay were built by the O'Mahony sept. Dunbeacon was built to protect the boundary and pass between O'Mahony territories and those of the O'Donovans.

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    county of Cork, and i)roviucc of Mu.nster, 11^ miles (\V. S. W.) from Skibbereen, on the road to Crookhaven ; containing, with several inhabited islands in Roaring- Water bay, 17,314 inhabitants, of whom 452 are in the village. This district is exceedingly wild and uncultivated ; and appears, in the earlier periods of Irish history, to have been regarded as of very great importance from its numerous defiles and strongholds amidst its rocks ; and, in later times, from the erection of several castles by the various native septs, which on account of their situation and strength would appear to have been impregnable. The castles of Dunbeacon and Dunmanus, on Dunmanus bay, were built by the sept of O'Mahony ; the former to protect the boundary and pass between their territories and those of the O'Donovans. At Lemcon, in tire south of the parish, are the remains of a castle which was taken, in 1602, by the Lord-President of Monster, on his return to Cork after the siege of Dunboy ; to the east of these, on the shore of Roaring- Water bay, are the castles of Ardintenant and Rossbrin ; and opposite to the former, on an island about a mile from the shore, are the remains of Black Castle, which gave name to the island. All of these fortresses were erected by the sept of O'Mahony. At Liscaha are also the remains of a very extensive fort surrounded by a double rampart and fosse, which gives name to that district (the term signifying " the Battle Fort ") and where a sanguinary battle is said to have taken place between the Irish and the Danes, in which the latter were defeated with great slaughter. At Ratrovane is a similar fort, surrounded by a mound of earth, and strengthened with a massive stone wall, firmly built without mortar : close to this fort some curious crypts have been discovered.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 285

49. Dunboy Castle, stronghold of the O'Sullivans

    near Dunboy · street · Cork

    At Dunboy stand the remains of Dunboy Castle, formerly belonging to the O'Sullivan family. The castle is noted for a remarkable defence referenced in the account of Castletown-Bearhaven.

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    £500 from the Board of First Fruits, and recently rebuilt at a cost of £759. 15., towards which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners contributed £609- The glebehouse was erected by aid of a gift of £250 and a loan of £550 from the same Board, in 1820; the glebe of Kilaconenagh comprises 30 statute acres, and the glebe of the whole union 63 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions this parish is in the diocese of Kerry, and, with Kilnamanagh, forms the district of Castletown, where is a large chapel ; there is also one on Bere Island. In Castletown are some ruins of Castle Dhermod, built by Dhermod M'^Carthy ; and at Dunboy stand the remains of Dunboy Castle, formerly belonging to the O'Sullivans ; for the remarkable defence of which, see the article Castletown-Bearhayen.

    KILACONNIGAN.— See Killoghconnoghan.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 12

50. Dunboyne establishment of senior scholars at Maynooth

    Maynooth · town · Kildare · 1813–1845

    The proceeds of Lord Dunboyne's bequest and part of the public grant were applied from 1813 to 1845 to support 20 senior scholars called Dunboyne students at Maynooth College. Selected for piety and talents after completing the ordinary course, they pursued three further years of advanced ecclesiastical literature to qualify for professorships or demanding ministry roles.

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    The original vote of £8000, subject to deductions of about £340, was annually repeated until 1807, when an additional sum of £.">000 was granted for the erection of new buildings; the amount from 1808 to 1813, was £8^283 British ; and from that year to 1845, it was £89'-28. Several donations and bequests, amounting in the aggregate to the large sum of £31,681, have been made to the college by Irish and English Roman Catholics, sometimes without any specific application, and at other times for particular purposes. Of the former bequests, £6000 were applied to enlarging the buildings ; of the latter, £1000, left by a Mr. Keenan, were funded for the establishment of a professor of Irish, and £'24,610 for burses or free studentries. The most important legacy was a fee-simple estate worth £1000 per annum, bequeathed by the late Lord Dunboyne ; but this bequest being disputed at law on the ground that his lordship, having for a while conformed to the Established Church, and afterwards returned to the Roman Catholic Church, was incompetent as a relapsed papist to make a' will, a compromise was effected by which less than half the intended bequest was secured to the college. This bequest, together with £700 per annum from the public grant, was applied from 1813 to 1845 to the benefit of 20 senior scholars, called Dunboyne students, who, after having completed the ordinary course of studies, are selected from among the Students most distinguished for piety and talents, and who, receiving an additional annual allowance, apply themselves for three years more to the higher departments of ecclesiastical literature, in order to be qualified for filling professorships in the institution, or the more arduous situations in the ministry.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 144

51. Dunbriste broken rock and penance site at Downpatrick

    near Downpatrick Head · promontory · Mayo

    An ancient military antiquity at Downpatrick (Dunbriste) stands on a cliff 300 feet high projecting into the sea, with a detached perpendicular rock of equal elevation bearing ruins of a building. The name Dunbriste, meaning 'the broken rock,' suggests the island was once attached to the mainland. People resort there to do penance around stone crosses on Good Friday.

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    There are four ancient round towers in the county, at Killala, Turlogh, Meelick, and Baal or Ballagh. The Monasterii'S were numerous, and of high repute for sanctity and wealth. The principal were, Burrishoole ; Ballintubber or Tubberpatrick ; Ballynasmall ; Urlare or Orlare ; Ballyhaunis, which was inhabited by a fraternity of friars in 1641; Cross; Strade ; Ballinrobe or De Roba ; Mayo, which was afterwards the residence of a bishop, and gave name to the county ; Ballina ; Crossmolina ; Moyne ; Rathbran or Rafran ; Rosserick ; and Bofin, in the island of Innisbofin. Among the military ANTiauiTiES the most ancient is that at Duwnpatrkk or Dunbriste, built on a neck of land forming a cliBF three hundred feet high projecting into the sea ; at about the same distance in the sea stands a rugged perpendicular rock of equal elevation with that on the main land, of a triangular shape, contracting gradually from a large base, to the summit, where it is about sixty yards round, and on which are the ruins of a building. The strata, and indentations of surface, in the cliff on the main land and in the insulated rock, correspond in shape and colour. Near the extremity of the neck of land, a strong grouted wall has been built across the point from sea to sea. The appearance of the whole seems to indicate, that the island was at one period attached to the main land but was dissevered from it by some convulsion of nature; and the name Dunbriste, which signifies " the broken rock," confirms this supposition. The place is one of peculiar veneration ; the people resorting to it do penance around several stone crosses on Good Friday, at which time a priest is in attendance. Rockjieet Castle, a small square building on the shore, about three miles west of Newport, is said to have been built by the celebrated Grace O'Malley, already mentioned, who was so singularly attached to the sea that all her castles were erected on the coast ; and tradition states, that when she slept on shore the cable of her own barge was always fastened to her bedpost. Ballylahen Castle, in Gallen barony, was built by one of the Jordan or Dexter family, who built ten others for his ten sons ; they are all small square buildings with a very few contracted windows, a description applicable to most of the castellated structures so numerously scattered throughout the county. Inver Castle, on the eastern side of Broadhaven, was the Vol. IL— 3n

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 148

52. Duncannon fort and calcareous sand manure

    Duncannon · town · Wexford

    In the baronies of Forth and Bargy, farmers manure their land with marl and calcareous sand procured in the vicinity of Duncannon fort. Floating sea-weed is also much used in some parts to maintain permanent fertility.

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    The parishes along the sea-coast, particularly in the baronies of Forth and Bargy, are divided into small farms of from five to twenty acres, the competition for which produces high rents, and on which is exhibited that wonderful exertion of industry which seldom fails to shew itself in Ireland where the inhabitants are secured in the enjoyment of the fruits of their labour. The CROPS consist of wheat, oats, barley, and beans ; also tares, rape, and turnips. Barley is the principal corn- crop throughout the county, and, though uncertain, generally repays the cultivator by a luxuriant produce. Beans are sown on the lea after it has been manured with marl ; the kind sown is the small horsebean, and the produce is generally exported to the W'est Indies : in seasons of scarcity, this crop has been found of great utility in diminishing the severity of famine. The potato, however, is the staple crop here, as in the other counties, and all the manure is used for its culture; the seed is planted with the plough in small ridges, three rows in the ridge, and covered with the spade. The general succession of crops is, potatoes, barley, and oats ; but, in the barony of Forth, beans are introduced. The sowing of clover, which has been for some time increasing, is now very general ; but the English green crops for winter feeding are still chiefly confined to the lands of the resident gentry or experimental agriculturists. In some parts, particularly in the peninsula of Hook (already mentioned), the natural grasses are very luxuriant : in the interior, on the cold clay soils, they are thin and of little value ; the farmers mainly depend upon artificial grasses. Dairies are numerous, but they are not managed with the attention to neatness requisite for ensuring the best kind of butter ; nor is sufficient pains taken in the selection of a suitable stock of cows : nevertheless, there is a large export of that article. In Forth and Bargy, the farmers manure with marl found in abundance in the interior of those baronies ; also with calcareous sand, procured in the vicinity of Duncannon fort : floating sea-weed is much used in some parts. By these kinds of manure the land is maintained permanently in a state of great fertility. In Carne, where the tillage grounds are so overspread with large stones that the superficial observer would think the plough could hardly be used at all, the land has been kept, from time immemorial, under alternate crops of barley and beans, affording abundant returns. In the eastern district, where also marl is abundant, use is made of it : in this tract, too, particularly on both sides of the Slaney, pebble-limestone is burned, and applied to the purpose of manure. In the western baronies, lime, brought with much toil and expense from the neighbouring counties, is the chief manure employed. The cottiers on the side of Mount Leinster travel with a horse a journey of two days in going and returning, to bring home a load of limestone, forty loads of which are required for manuring an acre. The farmers on the parts adjacent to the Barrov; and Suir procure from the beds of these rivers, at low water, a rich sediment of the nature of marl, but which is so heavy that it cannot be carried to a distance without much expense. Under all their various natural disadvantages, the lands of this county, by incessant industry and superior skill, are generally kept in an

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 394

53. Duncannon fortified against Spanish invasion threat

    Duncannon · town · Wexford · 1588

    In 1588, Duncannon on Waterford harbour was fortified in response to a Spanish invasion that caused great depredations in the counties of Waterford and Wexford.

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    In 1536, Henry VIII. wrote to the mayor and citizens by William Wyse, a gentleman of the city in high favour at court ; and conferred on them a gilt sword and a cap of liberty to be borne before the mayor, which are still carefully preserved. In 1547, Sir Edward Bellingham, who had been sent over by the Lord Protector and Privy Council of England, landed here with an army of 600 horse and 400 foot ; and in 1549 the Lord-Deputy Sidney, who had encamped at Clonmel, and was apprehensive of being attacked by the insurgent chiefs, sent to the mayor for a few soldiers for three days ; but the citizens, pleading their privilege, refused him any assistance. In 1588, Duncannon (on Waterford harbour) was fortified, in consequence of an invasion of the Spaniards, who committed great depredations in the counties of Waterford and Wexford. In April, 1600, the Lord-Deputy came to Waterford, where he received the submission of some of the Fitzgeralds of Decies and the Powers. On the accession of James L, great disaffection prevailed in the city ; and dangerous tumults arose at his proclamation. In consequence of these and of similar demonstrations of hostility, the Lord-Deputy Mountjoy made a progress into Munster, and, arriving at Grace-Dieu, within the liberties of the

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 380

54. Duncearma Castle ruin on Old Head of Kinsale

    near Old Head of Kinsale · promontory · Cork

    The castle of Duncearma, the ancient residence of the De Courcys, is a venerable ruin situated on the narrow part of the Old Head of Kinsale, on a rock perforated at its base by wave action in the form of an irregular pointed arch. North of it are ruins of a more modern edifice, the residence of the barons of Kinsale, and nearby remains of a signal-tower.

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    The LIVING is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cork ; the patronage is at present disputed. The tithe rent-charge is £562. 10. ; the glebe comprises only three quarters of an acre, and there is no glebehouse. The church, a small edifice, is situated at the head of Sandy Cove, overlooking the Bandon water : divine service is also performed in a school-house near the Old Head, for the accommodation of parishioners in that district. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the union of Courcies ; the chapel is at Ballinspittle. At the Ferry side, near Kinsale, are almshouses for four Protestant widows, founded by Dr. Worth, Bishop of Killaloe, who endowed them with £10 per annum, which sum is now paid by W. H. W. Newenham, Esq., of Coolmore. The castle of Duncearma, the ancient residence of the De Courcys, is a venerable ruin; it is situated on the narrower part of the Old Head, on a rock which at the base has been perforated by the action of the waves in the form of an irregular pointed arch. A little to the north of it are the ruins of a more modern edifice, the residence of the barons of Kinsale ; near which are the remains of a signal-tower. Opposite Kinsale are the ruins of Ringrone Castle, and of Old Fort or Castle-ne-Park, the latter a very strong citadel with extensive bulwarks, ramparts, and fosses ; in the inner court are the remains of the two towers of the gateway entrance and drawbridge. The old castle of Ringrone gives the title of Baron to the family of De Courcy.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 258

55. Duncormuck Castle built by de Montmorency settlers

    Duncormick · townland · Wexford

    Duncormuck or Croscorinuck Castle stands on the inlet of Bannow and owes its erection to the English settlers under de Montmorency. Nearby is Strongbow's Fort on the head of Bagenbon.

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    Two miles north-west of the town is Carrifiq Caslle, seated on the pinnacle of a rock over the Slaney : two miles from Wexford is also the castle of Barnloun ; and that of Fenis is worthy of note both in an historical and architectural point of view. One of the noblest and earliest military structures of the English settlers is Enniscorthy Ciistle. Another of these feudal structures ia at Mtickmine ; Brown's Castle, on a projecting point over the river Slaney, about two miles from Enniscorthy, is in ruins. At a short distance from Dunbrody Abbey is a curious old fortress, called Cuistan-na-Dlahie, or " Buttermilk Castle ;" and in the same neighbourhood are the rnins of Killesk, Knockagh, and Kithile Castles. Of Ballijkeroge or Sutton's Castle, so called from its founder, Roger de Sutton, considerable ruins still exist ; and in the same district are a castle at Stokestowii, another at Aldertown, a third at I'riest's Haggard, and two in the Great Island. On the summit of Moiintgarrett, a lofty hill that overlooks the town of New Ross, are the ruins of an ancient castle, from which a branch of the Butler family derives the title of Viscount. On the peninsula of Hook are the remains of Slade Castle and Houseland Castle ; and on its extreme point is the old fort Hook Tower, which has recently been converted into a lighthouse. Duncormuck or Croscorinuck Castle, on the inlet of Bannow, owes its erection to the English settlers under de Montmorency. There are the remains, more or less perfect, of nearly sixty of these ancient castles or towers, most of which are situated in the baronies of Forth and Bargy : the principal, not already enumerated, are, Johnstown Caslle, near Wexford, now incorporated with the modern castellated mansion of H. R. G. Morgan, Esq. ; Rathma<knee, in the same neighbourhood, which was inhabited by the Knox family within the last SO years ; Bargtj, which gave name to the barony, also incorporated with some comparatively modern additions ; Butlerstown, Lingstoicn, Ballycogley, and Cloest, in the barony of Forth ; and Ballyhealy, Balb/ttigiie, Baldwinstown, Coothnlt, and Dane's Castle, in that of Bargy. Not far from Duncormuck Castle is Strongbow's Fort, on the head of Bagenbon, where are yet visible the remains of strong intrenchments, attributed to that leader, though it is more probable that they were thrown up by the party under Fitz-Stephen, who landed there two years before, as Strongbow's debarkation took place in the county of Waterford. Duncannon Fvrt, on the eastern bank of Waterford harbour, is modern in comparison with those hitherto noticed.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 397

56. Duncrun church and ancient monastery

    Duncrun · townland · Derry · 1778

    A large early English style church built in 1778 is situated near the ancient monastery of Duncrun. Only the foundations of the abbey and an old church remain, set in grand and romantic scenery.

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    The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £318. 15.; and the glebe-house stands on a glebe of ■23 acres, valued together at £36. 15. per annum ; the gross value of the benefice, tithe and glebe included, is therefore £355. 10. per annum. The church, situated near the ancient monastery of Duncrun, is a large and handsome edifice in the early English style of architecture, built in 1778; it has a steeple, furnished with a bell : the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £2*29 towards repairs. The old church, being in a decayed state and in an inconvenient situation, was relinquished as a Protestant place of worship, and was given to the Roman Catholic congregation, with the consent of the late Earl of Bristol, then Bishop of Derry ; but being after some time found unsuited to its purpose, a large and commodious chapel was built in the neighbourhood, towards the erection of which Dr. Knox, the late Bishop of Derry, and other Protestant gentlemen, contributed. The churchyard, being the burial-place of most of the old families of every religious persuasion, has been inclosed with a wall and iron-gate by parish assessment. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also parts of Dunboe and Aghanloo. At Margymonaghan is a meeting-house for Presbyterians. Hodgson Gage, Esq., bequeathed £'200, and the Rev. John Leathes, rector of the parish, in 1703, £100, to the poor; the interest is paid annually by two of the seven proprietors of the soil. The remains of an ancient encampment, and the foundations of a castle, were lately discovered in a strong position about half-way up the mountain ; it is supposed to have been one of the fastnesses in which the Irish secured themselves and their property during the wars of Elizabeth and Charles I. and II. The foundations of the abbey of Duncrun, and near them those of the old church, are the only traces of their former existence : the surrounding scenery is peculiarly grand and romantic. The ruins of Screen Abbey, noticed by Colgan in his Trias Thaumaturga, may still be traced on the townland of Craig. The Rev. John Graham was author of the Siege of Derry, Derriana, Annals of Ireland, and various other historical, statistical, and poetical publications. Dennis Hampson, the celebrated Irish harper, resided in the parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 313

57. Dundalk Bay coastline and character

    near Dundalk Bay · bay · Louth

    Dundalk Bay sweeps round in a semicircular form with the harbour and town of Dundalk at its most inland point, terminating northwards at Cooley Point. Its mouth extends seven miles from point to point with the same distance in depth to the entrance of Dundalk harbour.

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    of high cultivation, and interspersed with thriving plantations : to the north the surface rises into the lofty group of the Ravensdale, Cooley, and Carlingford mountains. The coast, from the mouth of the Uuyne, which is the southern extremity of the county, presents a broad level strand, stretching northward for several miles to the boldly projecting promontory of Clogher Head, at the foot of which is the village of the same name, with a natural harbour that affords shelter to a few fishingyawls. Thence to Dunniiij Head is a sandy bay, in which are a few reefs, covered at high water but at ebb tide having a dry strand for half a mile beyond the»n. Dunany is the southern extremity of Dundalk Bay, which sweeps round into the land in a semicircular form, having the harbour and town of Dundalk in its most inland point, and terminating northwards at Cooley j)oint. The southern and western shores of this fine bay, the mouth of which extends seven miles from point to point, and which measures the same distance in depth to the entrance to Dundalk harbour, are of the same character as those already noticed, broad, shallow, and skirted with a line of low land rising gradually into slight elevations, clothed with verdure and trees. The northern side of the bay is of a character totally different. Here the mountains rise boldly from the water's edge, covered in tluir lower parts with wood, but above denuded and heathy. This mountainous tract forms a peninsula that separates the bay of Dundalk from that of Carlingfurd, which forms the northern boundary of the county. The character of Carlingford bay is different from that of Dundalk bay : it is long and narrow, extending nearly nine miles inland to Narrow water, which is the entrance to Newry harbour, with an average breadth of li mile, and bordered on both sides by lofty eminences ; on the south by the mountain group already described, on tlie north by the mountains of Morne, in Down, which latter are among the highest in Ireland. Both these bays are considered as unsafe for shipping ; that of Dundalk, from its shoals ; that of Carlingford, from the sudden and violent flaws of wind that sweep along it from the surrounding cliffs. Fish of many kinds are caught in great numbers off the shores of the county ; the most common species are turbot, cod, haddock, plaice, ling, and herrings. There is an oyster-fishery in Carlingford bay, the oysters of which are in the highest estimation for their superior flavour, and are sent in large quantities to Dublin and other towns situated along the coast. The soil in flat parts is suitable to every kind of agricultural produce, being a rich vegetable mould, based on marl, limestone, or clay-slate : northwards it gradually deteriorates, until, on approaching the summits of the mountains, the only vegetable productions are heath and the coarsest grasses. The best land is about Ardee and Louth ; there are also extensive tracts of rich soil at Tallonstown, Dundalk, and Castle-Bellingham.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

58. Dundalk county hospital built 1834

    Dundalk · town · Louth · 1834

    The County Hospital at Dundalk was built in 1834 and was considered among the most complete in Ireland in both structure and internal arrangements. Dundalk also contained the county court-house, gaol, and the only military barracks in the county.

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    It is wholly in the diocese of Armagh, except a small portion of two parishes in the diocese of Clogher. For purposes of civil jurisdiction it is divided into the baronies of Ardee, Ferrard, Louth, Upper Dundalk, and Lower Dundalk ; and it contains the sea-port, borough, and market-town of Dundalk ; the sea-port and disfranchised borough of Carlingford ; the disfranchised boroughs of Ardee and Dunleer ; and the post-towns of Castle-Bcllingham, Collon, Louth, Lurgau-Green, Tallonstown, and Flurrybridge : the largest villages are Annaglasson, Clogher, and Mullaghcrew. It sent ten members to the Irish parliament, two for the county at large and two for each of the boroughs ; but at the Union the boroughs were all disfranchised, except Dundalk, which sends one member to the Imperial parliament. The election for the county, which continues to return two members, takes place at Dundalk : the number of electors registered in 1841 was 9 IS, of whom '271 were £50, 88 £'20, and 390 £10, freeholders; 24 £'20, and 95 £10 leaseholders ; and one £50, and 43 £•20, rent-chargers. The county is included in the North-Eastern circuit ; the assizes are held at Dundalk, where the county court-house and gaol are. Quartersessions are held at Drogheda and Dundalk, in January, April, June, and October ; and in April and October at Ardee, where are a court-house and bridewell. The local government is vested in a lieutenant, 13 deputy-lieutenants, and ^6 other magistrates, together with the usual county officers, including two coroners. There are 28 constabulary police stations, having in the whole a force of a county inspector, five sub-inspectors, six headconstables, '29 constables, and 149 sub-constables, with seven horses ; the expense of whose maintenance in 1S4'2 was £943'2, defrayed by grand jury presentments and by government. The district Lunatic Asylum is in Dublin ; the County Hospital, at Dundalk, was built in 1834, and is considered to be among the most complete in Ireland, both as regards the structure and the internal arrangements : there are dispensaries at Ardee, Ballymascanlan, Castle-Bellingham, Collon, Dunleer, Louth, and Termonfechan. The amount of grand jury presentments for 1S44 was £16,448. In military arrangements the county is included in the Dublin district, with the exception of the town of Dundalk, which is in the Belfast district : at Dundalk is the only bar rack within the county, adapted for 25 officers, 513 men, and 3'20 horses. Along the coast are five stations of the revenue police, respectively at Greenore Point, O'Meathe, Cooley Point, Soldiers' Point, Dunany Point, and Clogher Head j these form the Dundalk district, in which are one inspecting commander, five officers, and forty men.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

59. Dungannon precinct held by servitors and natives

    near Dungannon · town · Tyrone · 1618

    The precinct of Dungannon, allotted to servitors and natives, was held by Lord Chichester, Lord Ridgwaie, Sir Toby Caulfield, William Parsons, Sir Francis Ansley, Lord Wingfield, and Tirlagh O'Nial at the time of Pynnar's inspection.

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    According to the rules of James's settlement, the whole county, which was estimated to contain 1571 balliboes, or 98,187 acres, being at the rate of 1000 acres to 16 balliboes, was divided into 78 portions, which, after deducting a portion for the church and some lands for Trinity College, Dublin, were granted to English and Irish undertakers, that is, settlers, who engaged to build, fortify, and stock the lands with British tenantry. Five borough towns, Dungannon, Clogher, Omagh, Strabane, and Mountjoy, were allowed a certain portion of the surrounding grounds ; and another portion of the county was assigned to some of the members of the O'Nial family. The Irish were distributed as tenants among the undertakers, the swordsmen excepted, who were to be removed to the waste parts of Connaught or Munster, where they were to be dispersed and not suffered to settle together in one place. On an inspection of the progress of the plantation, made by Captain Pynnar under the king's direction in 1618, it appeared that the county was divided into the five precincts of Strabane, Omy, Clogher, Mountjoy, and Dungannon. The first of these, Strabane, had been allotted to Scotch undertakers, of whom those then in possession of the lands granted to the original patentees were the Earl of Abercorn, Sir George Hamilton, Sir William Stewart, Sir Robert Newcomen, and Sir John Drummond. Omy, allotted to English undertakers, was in the possession of the Earl of Castlehaven and Sir John Davies ; Clogher, also allotted to EngUsh undertakers, was held by Lord Ridgwaie, George Ridgwaie, Sir Gerard Lowther, Lord Burleigh, John Leigh, Sir William Stewart, Sir William Cope, and William Parsons. Mountjoy, allotted to Scotch undertakers, was held by Sir Robert Heyburne, Lord Vehiltree, Captain Sanderson, Mrs. Lindsey, Alex. Richardson, Andrew Stewart (son to Lord Vehiltree), and David Kenedaie. Dungannon, allotted to servitors and natives, was held by Lord Chichester, Lord Ridgwaie, Sir Toby Caulfield, William Parsons, Sir Francis Ansley, Lord Wiiigfield, and Tirlagh O'Nial. The only towns in the erection of which any progress had been made were Strabane and Augher. The county continued to improve during the reign of James I. and in the commencement of that of Charles I., but suffered greatly during the war of 1641, at the termination of which, much of the land fell into the hands of new proprietors ; and in the subsequent war of 1688 Tyrone was the scene of many military events connected with the siege of Londonderry.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 365

60. Dunganstown Hill composed of greenstone

    Dunganstown · parish · Wicklow

    The central and south-eastern parts of Dunganstown Hill are composed of greenstone, while the prevailing rocks to the south are clay-slate and quartz. The hill sits on the eastern side of the county between the mica-slate range and the sea.

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    On the eastern side of the county, between the micaslate range and the sea, the prevailing rock is clay- slate j but in detached situations are found granite rising from beneath it, and quartz and trap rocks associated with it. The granite of this tract is very remarkable, as seldom comprising quartz ; the chief ingredients being simply felspar and mica, forming in one part pure felspar porphyry. The central and south-eastern parts of Dunganstown hill are composed of greenstone; but the prevailing rocks to the south are clay-slate and quartz.

    WICK

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 405