A topographical dictionary of Ireland : comprising the several counties; cities; boroughs; corporate, market and post towns; parishes; and villages, with historical and statistical descriptions embellished with engravings of the arms of the cities, bishopricks, corporate towns, and boroughs ; and of the seals of the several municipal corporations .. (vol. 2)

Each story keeps the passage it was read from. Open one to read it as the scan has it, and, where the companion has written its own telling, that too. The passages are read off photographs of the page by machine, so a word here and there comes out wrong; they are kept as the reading produced them, so you can check any of them against the scan.

1. Fragment of Ardagh Castle, Tullagh parish

   Tullagh · townland · Cork

   Ardagh Castle once stood on an eminence nearly in the centre of Tullagh parish, County Cork. By Lewis's time only a small fragment of the structure survived.

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   plain building. The parochial school, at Baltimore, built in 183'2 at the expense of Lord Carbery, is a large and handsome structure, comprising a centre and two wings, the former containing the master's apartments, and the latter the male and female schools. The extensive and picturesque ruins of Baltimore Castle still remain ; but of Ardagh Castle, which stood on an eminence nearly in the centre of the parish, a small fragment only exists. The remains of the old church are picturesquely situated on the shore of a small bay opposite the island of Ringa- Roga.

   TULLAGHAN.— See Rossinver. TULLAGHER, a village, in the parish of Dysert- MORE, union of New Ross, barony of Ida, county of Kilkenny, and province of Leinster; containing 187 inhabitants.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 356

2. Fragment of round tower at Dromiskin

   Dromiskin · town · Louth

   Part of a round tower survives at Dromiskin, the remnant of an early medieval monastic site in County Louth.

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   Ballinahatncy, near Duiuialk ; circles and a cromlech on Killin hill ; a fine cromlech at Ballymuscanlan ; and a large cairn on Carrick-Brant. At Uullrighan has heen discovered a curious artificial cave ; and near Killin hill is the extraordinary tort called Faiths iia ain eighe, or " the one night's work." The most ancient mounds appear to be the ordinary tumuli, such as are seen between Dundalk and Drogheda ; in which latter vicinity is a very celebrated structure, at Grange. Next in date are those encompassed with a deep trench, and generally met with in the neighbourhood of some old castle or place of note ; such as those of Castle Guard at Ardee, Greencastle near Castle-Bcllingham, and at Killany. Some mounts have a square redoubt, or other works, attached to the main encircling trench ; as at Castletown. Besides those above mentioned, the places where camps of different kinds occur are, near Ballinahatncy plain; Mount Albani, about two miles from Dundalk : Rosskiigh, near Carrick-Brant, on the banks of the Dundugan river ; Mount Ash, near Louth ; a Danish fort, near Dunlecr ; another at Castletown, near Dundalk ; a round fort at Louth ; Castle Ring, near the same place ; Faughart, to the north of Dundalk ; Mount Bagnal ; and a Danish fort near Castle-Bellingham. A fine round tower is still standing at Monasterboice, and part of another at Dromiskin. The number of religious houses that existed in the county is no less than '23 : there are still remains of those of Carlingford, where the ruined buildings are very interesting ; Faughart, where the vestiges consist of St. Bridget's stone and pillar ; Mellifont, the abbey of which place was very sumptuous; and Monasterboice, where are two crosses, one of which, called St. Boyne's, is among the largest, most ancient, and richly decorated in Ireland. Of the numerous ancient castles, there are remains of those of Haynstown (three miles from Dundalk), Miltown, Killincoole, Darver, Carlingford, Castle- Roche, Dungooly, Rood's-town, Baling (near the northern shore of Dundalk bay), Dunmahan, Glass- Pistol (near Termoufechan), Clonniore, Rath (three miles from Carlingford), Ardee, Termoufechan, Ballrighan (two miles west of Dundalk), and Castletown. All of these, together with the chief modern mansions of the nobility and gentry, are particularly described in their respective parishes. A great number of ornaments of pure gold, swords, spears, axes of bronze, and other relics of antiquity, have been found in various places ; and in the summer of 1835 a very large head ornament and fibula of pure gold were found near Monasterboice.

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 114

3. Franciscan abbey and Regular Canons at Clane

   Clane · town · Kildare

   The ruins of a Franciscan abbey are visible at Clane, which also had a house for Regular Canons. Both were part of the rich monastic heritage of County Kildare.

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   There were many celebrated and richly endowed monastic institutions in the county. At Athy was one for Crouched friars and another for Dominicans. Castledermot possessed a priory for Regular Canons, a house of Crouched friars, and a Franciscan abbey, the ruins of which last still serve to attest its former magnificence. The ruins of another Franciscan abbey are to be seen at Clane, where was also a house for Regular Canons. At Graney are the ruins of an Augustinian nunnery ; and a gateway and some other remains of a monastic building, said to have belonged to the Knights Templars, are still shewn there. The ruins of Great Connell Abbey are on the banks of the Liffey, near Newbridge. In Kildare was a nunnery and abbey united, founded by St. Bridget, and of which the ruins are still pointed out ; also an abbey of Grey friars, situated south of the town, and a house of Carmelites or White friars. At Old Kilcullen is a monastery as old as the time of St. Patrick, which in 11 15 was elevated to the dignity of an episcopal see ; but it does not appear that it long retained that rank. Near the ruins of the old church are the remains of two crosses, one of which still retains some very curious specimens of ancient sculpture. Maynooth had a convent of Black nuns, and a college of priests founded by the Earl of Kildare ; the abbey of Killossy has been converted into the parish church, and is remarkable for the singularity of the architecture of its steeple tower ; the monastery of Kilrush was surrounded by a broad ditch faced with masonry ten feet high ; the abbey of Monastereven has been converted into the residence of the Moore family, the representative of which is the Marquess of Drogheda. At Moone was a Franciscan friary, the brotherhood of which retained possession of it subsequently to the Reformation : here is a fragment of a very old cross, one of the most curious in Ireland, covered with numerous grotesque figures. In Naas were three religious establishments ; namely, a convent of Augustiniaus, another of Dominicans, and one for friars Eremites of the order of St. Augustine. Some remains

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 20

4. Franciscan abbey of Timoleague

   Timoleague · town · Cork · 1312

   A Franciscan abbey was founded at Timoleague by the M'Cartys in 1312, dedicated to St. Mologa. The buildings are nearly entire except the roof, surrounding three sides of a court 60 yards square, with a church, dormitories, refectory, and other domestic edifices remaining.

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   TIMOLEAGUE, a post-town and parish, partly in the Eastern Division of the barony of East Carbery, but chiefly in the barony of Ibane and Barryroe, union of Bandon, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 22i miles (S. W. by S.) from Cork, and US^ (S. W. by S.) from Dublin, on the road from Courtmacsherry to Clonakilty ; containing 1686 inhabitants, of whom 63.5 are in the town. This place is also called Ti/-Motoi:a, signifying the " house of St. Mologa," to whom the Franciscan abbey founded here by the M'Cartys in 1312 was dedicated; the buildings of the abbey are nearly entire, except the roof, surrounding three sides of a court 60 yards square. On the east is the church with a nave and choir, the former 30 and the latter 15 yards long : from the division a transept opens 579

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 333

5. Franciscan Abbey ruins and venerated well, Kilkenny

   Kilkenny · city · Kilkenny · 1230–1399

   Founded before 1230, the Franciscan abbey extended from the city walls to the river. Its roofless church body is used as a tennis-court, a 14th-century tower survives on groined arches, and a well of pure water within the precincts was formerly held in great veneration.

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   The priory, or hospital, of St. John the Evangelist, founded by William Le Mareschal in 1220, notwithstanding its long alienation from ecclesiastical uses, was, in 1641, taken possession of by a fraternity of Jesuits, who commenced its restoration ; a great part of it was afterwards demolished, and the east window of its church, enriched with delicate tracery, and part of the south side of the choir, formed a picturesque ruin till the year 1817, when it was restored, and became the parish church of St. John. The Annals of this house, called the Codex Kitkeniiieiisis, were in high reputation, and formed part of the Chandos collection. The Dominican abbey, founded in Irishtown by William Le Mareschal the younger, in 1225, was dedicated to the Holij Trimtij ; and chapters of the order were held in it in 1281, 1302, 1306, and 1316 : part of it was, subsequently to the Reformation, made a shire-house, and in 1640 the whole was repaired. The remains of the abbey church are e.xtensive and interesting : it was cruciform, with a central tower, which is still in good preservation, crowned with a graduated battlement having angular turrets ; the windows and arches are of elegant design, and the nave and south transept are beautiful specimens of rich detail in the decorated English style : part has been restored for a Roman Catholic chapel. Among the eminent persons interred in this church were the founder and his brother. The Franciscan abbey was founded previously to the year 1230, and a provincial chapter was helii in it in 126" ; it extended from the city walls to the river, and of its extensive remains, part has been converted into a brewery. The body of the church is nearly entire, though without a roof, and is now used as a tennis-court ; at the west end are the relics of a lofty window of seven lights, and from the centre of the building rises a tower of light and elegant proportions, resting on finely groined arches, and apparently of the date of the 14th century. Within Vol. I'i.— 81

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 32

6. Franciscan abbey ruins at Castledermot

   Castledermot · town · Kildare

   Castledermot possessed a priory for Regular Canons, a house of Crouched friars, and a Franciscan abbey. The ruins of the Franciscan abbey still attest its former magnificence.

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   There were many celebrated and richly endowed monastic institutions in the county. At Athy was one for Crouched friars and another for Dominicans. Castledermot possessed a priory for Regular Canons, a house of Crouched friars, and a Franciscan abbey, the ruins of which last still serve to attest its former magnificence. The ruins of another Franciscan abbey are to be seen at Clane, where was also a house for Regular Canons. At Graney are the ruins of an Augustinian nunnery ; and a gateway and some other remains of a monastic building, said to have belonged to the Knights Templars, are still shewn there. The ruins of Great Connell Abbey are on the banks of the Liffey, near Newbridge. In Kildare was a nunnery and abbey united, founded by St. Bridget, and of which the ruins are still pointed out ; also an abbey of Grey friars, situated south of the town, and a house of Carmelites or White friars. At Old Kilcullen is a monastery as old as the time of St. Patrick, which in 11 15 was elevated to the dignity of an episcopal see ; but it does not appear that it long retained that rank. Near the ruins of the old church are the remains of two crosses, one of which still retains some very curious specimens of ancient sculpture. Maynooth had a convent of Black nuns, and a college of priests founded by the Earl of Kildare ; the abbey of Killossy has been converted into the parish church, and is remarkable for the singularity of the architecture of its steeple tower ; the monastery of Kilrush was surrounded by a broad ditch faced with masonry ten feet high ; the abbey of Monastereven has been converted into the residence of the Moore family, the representative of which is the Marquess of Drogheda. At Moone was a Franciscan friary, the brotherhood of which retained possession of it subsequently to the Reformation : here is a fragment of a very old cross, one of the most curious in Ireland, covered with numerous grotesque figures. In Naas were three religious establishments ; namely, a convent of Augustiniaus, another of Dominicans, and one for friars Eremites of the order of St. Augustine. Some remains

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 20

7. Franciscan cell at Kiltullagh, Galway, pre-1441

   Kiltullagh · townland · Galway

   A cell of the third order of Franciscans was founded at Kiltullagh prior to the year 1441. The parish also contains a Dominican convent at Esker with seven friars and a chapel with a handsome spire.

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   KILTULLAGH, a parish, in the union of Loughrea, partly in the barony of Kilconnell, but chiefly in that of Athenry, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, 3 miles (E. by S.) from Athenry, on the road to Loughrea ; containing 3244 inhabitants. A cell of the third order of Franciscans was founded here prior to the year 1441. The parish comprises 8948 statute acres, and is moderately well cultivated. Kiltullagh House is the seat of J. DArcy, Esq., in whose demesne is a fine chalybeate spring. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Clonfert, forming part of the union of Kilconickny ; the rectory is appropriate to the bishopric, deanery, and archdeaconry of Clonfert, and to the vicarage. The tithe rent-charge is £153. 8., of which £17. 6. are payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, £3. 9. to the dean, £24. 4. 8. to the archdeacon, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions Kiltullagh is the head of a district, comprising the parishes of Kiltullagh and Killimordaly, in each of which is a chapel. There is a Dominican convent at Esker, consisting of seven friars ; it is pleasantly situated, and the chapel has a handsome spire. Connected with it is a school of about 600 children, 50 of whom are clothed, and many of them fed.

   KILTULLAGH, a parish, in the union and barony of Castlerea, county of Roscommon, and province of

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57

8. Franciscan chapel near Wellesley-bridge, Limerick

   Limerick · city · Limerick

   The Franciscan friars have their house and chapel near Wellesley-bridge in Limerick. The chapel is a large Gothic-style edifice with a centre and wings, a handsome gallery, and a very fine altar with a splendid painting of the Madonna.

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   In the Roman Catholic arrangements the ancient county of the city is divided into the parishes or districts of St. Mary, St. John, St. IMichael, St. Patrick, and St. Lelia. St. Mary's parish comprises the whole of the King's Island, the English Town, and the Little or Sluice Island ; thus embracing the whole of the Protestant parish of St. Mary, parts of St. Munchin's and St. Nicholas's, and the e.xtra-parochial district of St. Francis. The chapel is a large plain cruciform edifice, built in 1749, on the Sluice Island; the altar exhibits three styles of architecture finely combined, and has a good copy of Michael Angelo's picture of the Crucifixion. A female school established in this parish, some years since, by the religious sisterhood of St. Clare, was adopted, after the departure of that body from Limerick, by the sisterhood of the Presentation convent ; and on the breaking up of that establishment in 1S36, the National Board of Education granted £40 towards its support, and it was placed under the charge of the Rev. Dr. Hanrahan, P.P. It is still held in the convent, under the superintendence of two of the lay-sisters of St. Clare ; affords instruction to 400 children ; and is supported by subscriptions and charity sermons. St. John's parish comprises the Protestant parish of St. Laurence, and that part of St. Michael's known by the name of the Assembly Mall; this is the bishop's parish, and the church is therefore called the cathedral. It is a large cruciform building, erected in 1753 ; the altar, which is very splendid, has a picture of the Crucifixion by Collopy, a native artist. St. Michael's parish is coterminous with the Protestant parish of the same name, with the exception of the Assembly Mall. The chapel, situated near the cornmarket, was built in 17*9, and was then surrounded by open fields . it was considerably enlarged in 1805, and is now the largest and finest in the city ; it can accommodate 2500 persons. In this parish are three orders of friars. The Dominicans have their house and chapel in Glentworth-street ; the latter, a large edifice in the early Gothic style, built in 1815, is enriched with a painting of the Crucifixion : the community consists of a prior and four friars. The Augustinians, whose community consists of a prior and two friars, have their house and chapel in St. George's-street : the chapel was built for a theatre, and was purchased by the friars in 1824 ; the boxes and galleries are still preserved as seats for the congregation. It is lighted from the dome : the altar, supported by Corinthian pillars, is enriched with a picture of the Ascension by Collopy. The Franciscans, whose community consists of a prior and two friars, have their house and chapel near Wellesley-bridge : the latter is a large edifice in the Gothic style, comprising a centre and wings, with a handsome gallery ; the altar is very fine, and has a splendid painting of the Madona. Tlie brothers of the Christian Schools, six in number, have a school in this parish and another in St. John's, in which about 600 children are educated ; the funds are raised by collections made every Saturday throughout the city by the brethren. A female school, established by the late Rev. Dr. Hogan, P.P., in 1822, was 238

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 79

9. Franciscan convent and other lost religious houses

   Limerick · city · Limerick · 1171

   Limerick anciently contained a Franciscan convent founded by William Fion de Burgo, a house of canonesses of St. Augustine founded in 1171 by Donald O'Brien King of Limerick, and a house of the Knights Templars. No remains of these buildings were discernible by the time of writing.

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   Limerick anciently contained two Augustinian monasteries, one of Regular Canons, and the other of hermits : the Regular Canons had another house in the contiguous parish of Mungrett, which was destroyed by the Danes in IIO7. In 1227, a Dominican friary was founded in the city by Donogh Carbragh O'Brien, Prince of Thomond, which became a place of great magnificence, and was the burial-place of various prelates and other eminent men: part of the walls still exists, and the cemetery formed the garden of the late Presentation convent. There were also a Franciscan convent, founded by William Fion de Burgo ; a house of canonesses of the order of St. Augustine, founded in 1 17 1, by Donald O'Brien, King of Limerick ; and a house of the Knights Templars ; but no remains of these buildings are now discernible. The military antiquities consist of the ruins of the fortress called King John's Castle, at the end of Thomond-bridge, comprehending the great gateway, defended by two massive round towers, and the outer walls, having similar defences, and presenting a fine relic of the military architecture of that remote period ; of dilapidated portions of the walls and towers of the citadel nearly contiguous, in which the Castle barracks have been erected ; of various portions of the town walls ; and of some of the outworks, especially a fort on the King's Island, north of the Old Town. There are also some remains of the celebrated Black Battery, close to which was the breach defended so heroically against William's army. In the rural parishes of the ancient hberties are the ruins of several forts.

   LISB

   Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 79

10. Franciscan convent near Shrule endowed by Lynch family

    Shrule · town · Mayo

    About five miles from Shrule is a Franciscan convent endowed by the Lynch family with 30 acres of land, with a chapel attached. The convent lies in the parish of Shrule on the river Blackwater.

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    The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Tuara, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory forms part of the union or wardenship of Galway, and the tithe rent- charge is £193. 2., of which £137- IS. are payable to the Warden of Galway, and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is in the diocese of Galway, and is co-extensive with that of the Established Church : the chapel is a neat edifice in the ancient English style, with a square tower, towards the erection of which £1300 were contributed by Mr. Kirwan, of Dalgan Park, who also gave the ground; it has a handsome marble altar-piece, presented by T. Martin, Esq. About five miles from Shrule is a Franciscan convent, endowed by the Lynch family with 30 acres of land, and to which a chapel is attached. Some interesting remains of the old castle and of the ancient abbey of Shrule are still in existence. In the demesne of Ballycurrin are the remains of the castle of that name, in good preservation ; the floors are perfect, and it might easily be rendered habitable : from the summit are extensive views of Lough Corrib, Connemara, and the surrounding country.

    SHYANE, a parish, in the poor-law union of Thurles, barony of Eliogarty, county of Tipperary, and province of iNIunster, containing 359 inhabitants, and comprising 909 statute acres. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Thurles ; the rectory is impropriate in the representative of N. Taylor, Esq., and in W. Downes, Esq. : the tithe rent-charge is £33. 4. 3., of which £10. 3. '■ are payable to the impropriators, and the remainder to the vicar.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 279

11. Franciscan convent ruins near Wicklow town entrance

    Wicklow · town · Wicklow · 1216–1272

    Remains of a Franciscan convent founded by the Byrnes and O'Tooles in the reign of Henry III survive near the entrance to Wicklow town from the Dublin and Wexford road. The ruins are enclosed in the grounds of the parish priest, which contain remarkably fine old yew-trees.

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    On a rocky projection overhanging the sea, may still be seen a small fragment of the walls of the ancient castle, the masonry of which is so excellent that it appears to be a portion of the natural rock : it is called the Black Castle. There are also some remains of a Franciscan convent, founded by the Byrnes and O'Tooles in the reigu of Henry HI., near the entrance of the town from the Dublin and Wexford road ; they are inclosed in the grounds of the parish priest, for which a nominal rent is charged. In the grounds are a number of remarkably fine old yew-trees. 676

    WOOD

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 407

12. Franciscan friary and castle ruins at Donore

    Donore · town · Meath

    At Donore in Killoghconnogan parish are the remains of both a Franciscan friary and a castle. These ruins testify to medieval ecclesiastical and secular settlement in County Meath.

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    is principallj' under tillage. There is a good quarry of limestoue. Fairs are held on March '25th, May l'2th, Aug. 15th, and Nov. 1st. The principal seats are Elm Grove, Parkstown, and Kilmur. The village of Ballivor, or Kilbaliver, is a constabulary police station ; and contains the parish church, the Roman Catholic chapel, a school, and a dispensary. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Meath, and in the gift of the Earl of Darnley, who is impropriator of the rectory : the tithe rent-charge is £'2*25, payable to the impropriator, who allows the perpetual curate £69. 4. per annum. The church is a neat structure with a spire, erected in 1820, by aid of a gift of £200 from the late Earl of Darnley, and a loan of £700 from the Board of First Fruits. The glebe-house was built in IS^^, by aid of a gift of £450 and a loan of £50 from the same Board, and a subscription of £100 from the earl; the glebe comprises 21 acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Castlerickard, and has a handsome chapel, towards the erection of which the late Earl of Darnley gave £100, and half an acre of laud for a site. There are some remains of a Franciscan friary and a castle at Donore, and of a castle at Carranstown.

    KILLOGILLEEN, a parish, partly in the barony of LouGHREA, but chiefly in that of Dunkellin, union of LouGHREA, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, 5 miles (W.) from Loughrea, on the road from that place to Ardrahan ; containing 1074 inhabitants. The parish comprises 3604f statute acres. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kilmacduagh, forming part of the union of Killiuane : the rectory is appropriate to the see and archdeaconry of Kilmacduagh, and the vicars-choral of Christ Church, Dublin. The tithe rent-charge is £90, of which £15 are payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, £13. 10. to the archdeacon, £15 to the vicars-choral, and the remainder to the incumbent. Here is a Roman Catholic chapel.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

13. Franciscan friary and Knights Hospitallers church in Wexford

    Wexford · town · Wexford · 1216–1380

    The Franciscans settled in Wexford during the reign of Henry III. Around 1380 they took possession of the convent and church of St. Bridget and St. John, previously held by the Knights Hospitallers; at the Dissolution the buildings and lands were granted to two laymen.

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    In the Roman Catholic divisions the union or district of W^exford extends over the whole of the town and suburbs, and includes 11 of the 16 parishes constituting the Protestant union : of the remaining five, Drinagh, Rathaspick, and Kildavin are included in the district of Piercestown ; Carrigg and Ardcandrisk, in that of Glynn. The chapel of the Frajiciscaus has been long used as the principal chapel of the Wexford union. The conventual Franciscans settled here in the reign of Henry HI. ; about the year 13S0 they obtained possession of the convent and church of St. Bridget and St. John, which had previously belonged to the Knights Hospitallers: at the Dissolution, the buildings and lands were granted in perpetuity to two laymen. The community at present consists of a guardian elected triennially at a general meeting of the Franciscan order in Dublin, and six friar.-. The convent is a plain edifice, with the exception of a modern addition erected for a library, which contains a valuable collection of theological works, chiefly of the early Christian fathers, and also books in other departments of literature. The building is surmounted by a turret with a cupola and cross, and furnished with a clock ; it was erected under the superintendence of the Rev. R. Walsh, late guardian of the convent, who, with the aid of a subscription for the purpose, also collected the library, chiefly from the continent. The chapel, dedicated to St. John and St. Bridget, and supposed to occupy the site of that of the ancient monastery of the Franciscans, is a large unornamented pile : the burial-ground attached to it has been enlarged, and a commodious house for the clergyman has been built adjoining the chapel, at an expense of about £1000. A nunnery was established in 1818 for the order of the Presentation. The house, adjoining the Franciscan convent and erected principally at the expense of the late Mr. Carrol, of the Faithe, contains a small chapel elegantly fitted up at the expense of the Countess of Shrewsbury, who presented £200 for that purpose ; it is open on Sundays as a public place ot worship. Beneath the chapel is a commodious schoolroom, in which the girls originally attached to the Lancasterian school, and those belonging to the Redmond female-orphan house, are gratuitously educated by the ladies of the order, and also instructed in useful and ornamental needle-work. Tlie U'esteyan Methodists have

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 399

14. Franciscan friary and St. Catherine's castle at Killybegs

    Killybegs · town · Donegal

    A small Franciscan friary was founded at Killybegs by Mac Swiney Bannig, but no remains survive. Some ruins of the castle of St. Catherine still exist.

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    The PARISH, from which a portion has been separated to form the district parish of Ardara, is for civil purposes distinguished into Upper and Lower Killybegs, the former containing 4838, and the latter 3290 inhabitants. It comprises 30,962^ statute acres, of which 4304^ arc in that part of Lower Killybegs which is in the barony of Boylagh ; 11,0*4^, including a detached portion, and 51 covered with water, are in the other part, in the barony of Bannagh ; and 15, 583 J, including 4 If covered with water, are in Upper Killybegs, in the barony of Bannagh. Two-thirds of the whole are mountain and uncultivated land : agriculture is in a very unimproved state. The principal seats are Wood Hill and Fintra. The living is a consolidated rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ilaphoe, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithe rent-charge is £225. The church, a neat small edifice, was built (on rising ground to the east of the town) in 1825, at an expense of £1000, being a loan from the Board of First Fruits. The glebe-house is of recent erection ; the glebe comprehends six townlands, comprising together 2000 Irish acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parish of Killaghtee. A new and handsome Roman Catholic chapel, St. Mary's, was opened here for divine service on the 25th of December, 1844 ; it is a cruciform structure, standing on an area of 8000 square feet, and is 55 feet in height, capped in the Elizabethan style, and having a tower, yet unfinished, supported by four Gothic arches : this edifice was designed from an ancient ruin in the neighbourhood. There is also a chapel in Killaghtee. A small Franciscan friary was founded here by Mac Swiney Bannig, but there are no remains. Some ruins of the castle of St. Catherine yet exist.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 41

15. Franciscan friary at Killedan

    Killedan · townland · Mayo

    A friary of conventual Franciscans was located at Killedan parish in Mayo. The church at Ballinamore was erected by the Ormsby family in 1780.

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    KILLEDAN, orKiLLEDiN.a parish, in the union of SwiNFORD, barony of Gallen, county of Mayo, and province of Connau(;ht, 5 miles (\V. by S.) from Swinford, on the road from that place to Ballagh ; containing 6410 inhabitants. Some of the land is very good and well cultivated, but there are large tracts of bog; the total area is 14,515 statute acres. A market on Thursday has been established at the village of Cultymough, or Newtown-Brown. The principal seats are Ballinamore, Killedan, Anna Hill, and Oxford. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Achonry, forming part of the union of Straid, orTemplemore ; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of R. Palmer, Esq., and the tithe rent-charge is £308. 13. 6., which is equally divided between the impropriators and the vicar. The church is a neat building, erected at Ballinamore by the Ormsby family, in 1780. The Roman Catholic parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has a chapel. Here was a friary of conventual Franciscans.

    KILLEDMUND, a village, in the parish of Kilten- NEL, barony of Idrone East, union of Enniscorthy, county of Carlow, and province of Leinster, on the road from Bagnalstown to Enniscorthy ; containing 154 inhabitants. This place being situated at the western foot of Mount Leinster, includes within its scenery the Blackstairs mountains and ScuUogh Gap : during the disturbances of 1798 it was burnt by the insurgents. It contains the parish church and school ; and has fairs on March l'2th and July 15th.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 38

16. Franciscan friary at Nenagh

    Nenagh · town · Tipperary · 1216–1550

    A Franciscan friary was established at Nenagh in the reign of Henry III, one of the richest foundations of that order in the kingdom. It was burned by O'Carroll in 1550 and later leased by Elizabeth to Robert Collum.

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    NENAGH, a market and post town, a parish, and the head of a union, partly in the barony of IJpper Or- MOND, but chiefly in that of Lower Ormond, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 19 miles (N. E.) from Limerick, and 75 (S. W.) from Dublin, on the road between these cities ; containing 9540 inhabitants, of whom 86 IS are in the town, which is the largest (except one) as to population, that does not return a member to parliament. This was one of the ancient manors of the Butlers, by whom the old castle, now in ruins, is supposed to have been erected. In 1200, an hospital was founded here for Augustinian canons, who were to admit into it the sick and infirm : it was dedicated to St. John the Baptist, whence it was usually called Teacheon, Tyone, or St. John's house ; and was endowed by Theobald Walter, the first Butler of Ireland, with lands for the maintenance of thirteen beds for strangers. After the dissolution of religious houses, the building and its possessions were granted by Elizabeth, in the fifth year of her reign, to Oliver Grace. In the reign of Henry III., a member of the Butler or of the Kennedy family established a Franciscan friary, which was one of the richest foundations belonging to that order in the kingdom ; it was finally leased by Elizabeth to Robert Collum for a term of years. In 1550, O'CarroU burned both the town and the friary, but the garrison saved the castle. In 1641, the place was taken by the Irish under Owen Roe O'Nial, from whom it was afterwards wrested by Lord Inchiquin. Ireton, in his march against Limerick in 1651, invested the town, and compelled the garrison to surrender at discretion. In the war of 1688, it fell into the hands of Anthony Carroll, an active leader under Sarsfield, who made it the centre of his operations, until compelled to abandon it on the approach of a force under General Leveson, when he burned the town in his retreat.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 198

17. Franciscan friary at Strade given to Dominicans in 1252

    Strade · townland · Mayo · 1252

    A Franciscan friary was founded at Strade (Templemore) by the Mac Jordan sept and in 1252 was given to the Dominicans by Jordan of Exeter, Lord of Athlethan, or his son Stephen. The church walls, described as singularly beautiful, remain nearly entire with curious ornaments and a remarkable tomb.

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    TEMPLEMORE, or Sthade, a parish, in the union of Castlebar, barony of Gallen, county of Mayo, and province of Connaught, 4 miles (S. W.) from Foxford ; on the road from Foxford to Castlebar, and on the river Moy and Lough Cullen ; containing 4'251 inhabitants. A Franciscan friary was founded here by the sept of Mac Jordan, and in 12.5 '2 was given to the Dominicans by Jordan of Exeter, Lord of Athlethan, or by his son Stephen ; a very small part remains, but the walls of the church, which was singularly beautiful, are nearly entire, with some curious ornaments and a remarkable tomb : a house has been built adjoining the church, which is inhabited by some of the order. The parish comprises 9463 statute acres : the land is principally under tillage, and there are quarries of limestone, and some bog. In the village of Strade is a constabulary police station; and fairs are held on May 31st, July 30th, Oct. '23rd, and Nov. '■27th. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Achonry, episcopally united, in 180.5, to the vicarages of Bucholla, Towmore, Killasser, and Killedan, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of the late Roger Palmer, Esq. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £'209. 13. 6., one-half payable to the impropriators, and the other half to the vicar ; the gross amount of the tithe of the vicarial benefice is £6*0. 1. There are two churches in the union ; one at Foxford, in the parish of Towmore ; and the other at Ballinamore, in the parish of Killedan. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is a separate benefice : the chapel is a large slated building, contiguous to the abbey. Ballylahan Castle is the ruin of an ancient fortress, about 30 feet square, built by one of the Jordan family, who had many more in this neighbourhood. An old bridge of 16 arches, called Alahan, or the Broad Ford, here crosses the river. Ruins exist of the church of Templemore.

    TEMPLEMORE, a market and post town, and a parish, in the union of Thurles, partly in the barony of Ikerrin, but chiefly in the barony of Eliogarty, 564

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 324

18. Franciscan friary founded at Cloghan by O'Madden

    Cloghan · town · Offaly · 1400–1425

    A Franciscan friary was founded at Cloghan Cantualaig by O'Madden early in the fifteenth century, though no particulars of its history were recorded. The site lies in the parish of Lusmagh, King's County.

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    LUSMAGH, or Kii.MACUNNA, a parish, in the union of Parsonstown, barony of Garrycastle, King's county, and province of Leinster, '2^ miles (S. S. W.) from Banagher ; containing 3643 inhabitants. A Franciscan friary was founded at Cloghan Cantualaig, by O'Madden, early in the fifteenth century ; but no particulars have been recorded. The castle of Cloghan, supposed to have been built in the reign of King John, was taken by storm in 1.595 by Sir William Russell, lord-deputy, who put forty-six of the garrison to the sword, in consequence of O'Madden, the proprietor, having sent him a taunting refusal to surrender. It is now the property of The O'Moore, whose ancestors have been resident here since the reign of Queen Elizabeth, when they were banished from the territory of Leix, in Queen's coUnty. The parish is situated on the river Shannon, and on the Lesser Brosna, one of its tributary streams; and comprises 89I9t statute acres. Limestone is found here ; and on the banks of the Shannon are flour- mills. Lusmagh is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clonfert ; the rectory being partly appropriate to the see, and partly to the archdeaconry ; and the vicarage forming part of the union of Dononaughta, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rentcharge is £78. 4. S., of which £48. 9. 3. are payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, in whom the temporalities of the see are now vested ; £10. 7. 9. to the archdeacon ; and the remainder to the vicar. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms a separate district : a large and handsome chapel has been built at the Cross of Cappievane. Some remains of the church still exist. — See Newtown.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 120

19. Franciscan friary founded at Roscrea, 1490

    Roscrea · town · Tipperary · 1490–1540

    A Franciscan friary was founded in 1490 by Mulrany-na-Feasoige O'Carrol or his wife Bribiana. At the Dissolution it was granted to Thomas, Earl of Ormonde. Remains of the friary were still in tolerable preservation, with the tower of the ancient church forming the entrance to the Roman Catholic chapel.

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    year it was granted by that raonarch to Edmund Butler, afterwards Earl of Carrick, in whose family it remained till the reign of William III., and by whom a strong castle was erected, of which a considerable part is still remaining. A Franciscan friary was founded in 1490, by Mulrany-na-Feasoige O'Carrol, or his wife Bribiana, and at the Dissolution was granted to Thomas, Earl of Ormonde.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 263

20. Franciscan Friary in Waterford founded by Sir Hugh Purcell, 1240

    Waterford · city · Waterford · 1240

    A monastery for Franciscan Friars was founded in 1240 by Sir Hugh Purcell. At the Dissolution it was purchased by Henry Walsh, who established on its site the hospital of the Holy Ghost.

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    The oldest of the UEi.ifiiors houses was the priory of St. Catherine, founded by the Ostmen for canons of the order of St. Augustine and of the congregation of St. Victor. Its endowment and possessions were confirmed by Pope Innocent III., in 1211 ; from the terms of that confirmation it appears to have been insulated at that time. In the 3 1st of Elizabeth, its revenues were granted on lease to Elizabeth Butler, otherwise Sherlock. The abbey was situated to the south-west of the city, adjoining Lombard's marsh, and a great part of the building remained in tolerable preservation till a few years since, when it was levelled to open a way to the bridge then built over John's river ; a vaulted room and a small portion of the foundations are all that now remain. The priory of St. John the Evangelist was founded in the suburbs, in 1185, by John, Earl of Morton, afterwards King of England, for monks of the order of St. Benedict, and made a cell to the abbey of St. Peter and St. Paul, in the city of Bath. This establishment received many grants and charters from successive English monarchs, and at the close of the 15th century had vast possessions and enjoyed ample privileges, among which was the right of holding a court baron within the parish of St. John. The manor of St. John, now the property of Thomas Wyse, Esq., was for a long period held under the priors of that house by his ancestors : at the Dissolution, in 1537, it continued in the possession of the family ; and it was subsequently confirmed in capite at two knights' fees, with all tithes, privileges, royalties, and immunities, by royal charter, to Sir William Wyse, then chamberlain to Henry VIII. This charter was fully confirmed by patent in the 15th of Elizabeth. A monastery for Dominican or Black Friars, called also Friars Preachers, who were introduced into Ireland in 1226, was founded by the citizens, who for that purpose applied to Henry lil. for liberty to erect their house on a piece of ground adjoining Arundel's Castle, and on which stood the ruin>-- of an ancient tower. The establishment continued to flourish under the patronage of several monarchs ; and at the Dissolution the buildings, which were very extensive, but in a ruinous condition, were granted in capite, with some parcels of land, to James White, at an annual rent of 4s. The only existing remains are the chancel of the church and the belfry. The entrance to the former is through an arched doorway, highly ornamented with rope mouldings and surmounted by a spacious window ; the interior consists of two apartments, low and gloomy, with vaulted roofs supported on groined arches. The belfry is a lofty square tower of massive thickness, having a staircase leading to the summit, from which is obtained an interesting view, especially over the old portion of the city. A monastery for Franciscan Friars, or Friars minor, was founded in 1240 by Sir Hugh Purcell ; at the Dissolution it was purchased by Henry Walsh, who established on its site the hospital of the Holy Ghost, before noticed. There are remains of two houses of the Knights of St. John oj

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 389

21. Franciscan friary near Killala founded 1460

    Killala · town · Mayo · 1460

    About a mile south-east of Killala at the mouth of the river Moy stand the remains of a Franciscan friary of the Strict Observance, founded in 1460 by Mac William Bourke or Thomas Oge Bourke. The church is a cruciform structure 135 feet in length with a lofty central tower supported on four noble arches. Several provincial chapters were held there before the Dissolution, after which it was granted to Edmund Barrett.

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    On an eminence in Killala is an ancient round tower, about S3 feet high, the walls of which are of great strength and nearly perfect. About a mile to the south-east of the town, at the mouth of the river Moy, are the remains of a friary of Franciscans of the Strict Observance, founded in 1460 by Mac William Bourke, or, according to some writers, by Thomas Oge Bourke. Several provincial chapters of the order were held here, and the establishment continued to flourish till the Dissolution, after which it was granted to Edmund 87

    Barrett. The remains consist of the church, and some extensive portions of the conventual buildings : the church is a cruciform structure, 135 feet in length, and from the centre rises a lofty tower, supported on f<jur noble arches leading from the nave into the choir and transepts. At Castlereagh, on the banks of the river Rathfran, about two miles from the sea, are the vestiges of a castle of great strength, which has been levelled with the ground : about a mile to the west is Carrickanass Castle, 35 feet square, and 45 feet high, built by the family of Bourke, and surrounded with a low strong bawn ; and there are also several forts in the parish.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 33

22. Franciscan friary site at Abbey-street, Londonderry

    near Derry · city · Derry

    A Franciscan mendicant friary of unknown foundation stood in Londonderry, with a churchyard of about three acres. Its foundations were discovered by workmen a few years prior, but no vestiges of any buildings remain; the site is now occupied by Abbey-street and others.

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    In addition to the Ecclesiastical buildings already recorded, here was a Franciscan Mendicant friary of unknown foundation, with a churchyard containing about three acres, the site of which is occupied by Abbeystreet and others ; the foundations were discovered a few years ago by some workmen, but no vestiges of any of the buildings are now remaining. The only religious house preserved on the erection of the new city was the church of St. Augustine, which was repaired, and used prior to the erection of the present cathedral, after which it was known as " the Little church ;" its site is now occupied by the bishop's garden. A small square tower was built by O'Dogherty for ODonoll, in the 15th or I6th century ; but no vestige of it can now be traced. Near the Roman Catholic chapel, outside the walls, are St. Columb's If'elts, originally three in number, and called by separate names, but of which one is dried up ; the water, though considered in remote parts of the island a specific for diseases of the eye, is here held in little repute. In the centre of St. Columb's-lane, adjacent to the wells, is .S^ Columb's Stone, on each side of which are two oval hollows artificially formed, concerning which various legends are related ; the water deposited by rain in these hollows is believed to possess a miraculous power in curing various diseases. The shutting of the gates by the apprentice boys on Dec. 7th, 1688 (O. S.), and the opening of them on Aug. l'2th following, are annually commemorated, but the ceremony has been somewhat modified since ISS^, in which year an act was passed declaring such a commemoration illegal ; they have led to the establishment of three distinct clubs of apprentice boys, under ditferent denominations. George Farquhar, the dramatic poet, was born here in 16*8; and the Rev. William Hamilton, D.D., author of " Letters concerning the Northern Coast of the County of Antrim," and other productions on natural history, who was assassinated at tlie house of Dr. Waller, at Sharon, on March 2nd, 1797, was also a native of the place. Londonderry gives the titles of Earl and !Marquess to the family of Stewart.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 106

23. Franciscan monastery at Glenarm founded 1465

    near Glenarm · village · Antrim · 1465–1768

    Remains of an ancient monastery built in 1465 by Robert Bisset, a Scotchman, for Franciscan friars of the third order are still visible at Glenarm. The parish church, built in 1768 by the MacDonnell family, occupies the monastery's site close to the shore near the town.

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    The living was a rectory and vicarage, the former annexed in 1 609 to the chancellorship of Connor, and the latter episcopally united in 176S to the rectory of Templeoughter (which is completely inclosed within Tickmacrevan) ; but on the death of Dr. Trail, the late chancellor, in 1830, the two parishes were consolidated under the provisions of Dr. Mant's act, into a single rectory, in the diocese of Connor, and placed under the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge, including Templeoughter, amounts to £180. The glebehouse, which is situated about a mile and a half from the church, near the sea-shore, was built in 1813 by aid of £450 and a loan of £46 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe of the union comprises 23a. 30p. valued at £46. 7. per annum. The total value of the benefice is £226. 7. The church, which occupies the site of an ancient monastery close to the shore near the town, was built in I76S, at the expense of the noble family of M"^Donnell, and was enlarged in 1822 by a loan of £300 from the Board of First Fruits ; it is a plain building with a tower and spire. The Roman Catholic parish, which is called Glenarm, is co-extensive with the consolidated rectory of Tickmacrevan, and has two chapels, one at Glenarm, and the other at Carnlough about two miles north-west of it. There are places of worship for Presbyterians, one of which is in connexion with the Remonstrant Synod ; and a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists. Some remains of the ancient monastery, built in 1465 by Robert Bisset, a Scotchman, for Franciscan friars of the third order, are still to be seen ; also those of the ancient church, a mile west of the town.

    TIMAHOE, a parish, in the union of Naas, barony of Clane, county of Kildare, and province of Leinster, 8 miles (S. W.) from Kilcock, on the road to Kildare, and on the Grand Canal; containing 1680 in-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 332

24. Franciscan monastery at Kiltullagh, Roscommon

    Kiltullagh · townland · Roscommon · 1441–1450

    A monastery for Franciscan friars of the order de Poenitentia was erected at Kiltullagh in Roscommon soon after the year 1441. The valleys of the parish abound with iron-ore, and an old furnace attests to former smelting operations.

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    CoNNAUGHT, oi miles (W. by S.) from Castlerea ; on the road to Tuam ; containing '664 inhabitants. A monastery for Franciscan friars of the order de Poenitentia was erected here soon after the year 1441. The parish comprises '24,713 statute acres : about onequarter is bog ; the remainder is arable and pasture land, with about 30 acres of plantation, principally at Coshla. There is much limestone and sandstone ; and the valleys abound with iron-ore, which was formerly smelted, as is evident from the existence of an old furnace. Here is an excellent chalybeate spring. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, united by act of parliament, in 1711, to the rectories and vicarages of Aghavower, Annagh, Becan, Knock, and Templetogher, and in the patronage of the Bishop : the tithe rent-charge of the parish is £170. 10., and of the whole benefice £.581. 11. There is no glebe-house ; the glebe comprises 3((. 26p. The church is a neat building, erected about 18*26 by a loan of £700 from the Board of First Fruits. The Roman CathoMc parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has chapels at Garraulahan and Cloonfad. There are two public schools, to one of which the rector subscribes £5, and W. R. Wills, Esq., £4, annually ; the latter gentleman has erected an excellent school with rooms for the master and mistress, and also gives £10 annually for clothing the children. Mrs. Wills subscribes £4 to the other school. An extensive loan fund, which issues about £70 weekly, has been established by the rector.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 57

25. Franciscan monastery at Strabane

    near Strabane · town · Tyrone · 1300–1399

    A Franciscan monastery of the third order was founded at Strabane in the 14th century. It flourished for a short time and ultimately merged into the abbey of Scarvaherin.

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    STRABANE, a market and post town (formerly a parliamentary borough), and the head of a union, partly in the parishes of Leck- PATRiCK and Urney, but i chiefly in that of Camusjuxta-Mourne, barony off Strabane, county of Ty- ' RONE, and province of Ulster, 12 miles (S. S. W.) from Londonderry, 14;^ (N. W. by N.) from Omagh, and 10" (N. N. W.) from Dublin, on the coach-road to Londonderry ; containing 4704 inhabitants. Little notice of this place occurs prior to the 14th century, when a Franciscan monastery of the third order was founded here, which flourished for a short time and ultimately merged into the abbey of Scarvaherin. The place was originally in the district of Munterlony ; but on the formation of part of the territory of Tir-Owen info the county of Tyrone, in 1591, it was made the head of the barony of Strabane. It appears, however, to have been merely an inconsiderable village till the plantation of Ulster by James I., who in 1611 granted the surrounding district to the Earl of Abercorn, who previously to the year I6I9 had erected a strong castle, around which he built a town of 80 houses, and settled 120 families mustering together 200 armed men, for whom, in I6l2, he obtained a charter of incorporation and other valuable privileges. He also erected three water-mills for grinding corn, and began to build a church. The town now ranks the first in the county. In 1641 it was besieged by Sir Phelini O'Nial, who took the castle, and, carrying off the Countess of Abercorn, detained her as a prisoner till ransomed by the payment of a large sum of money. The Irish forces of O'Nial remained for a long time in possession of the castle ; but it was at length retaken by the troops under the command of Colonel Sir G. Hamilton, brother of the Earl of Abercorn. In the war of the Revolution it was garrisoned for the Protestants, and on the 14th of March, I6S8, afforded an asylum to the inhabitants of Dungannon and its neighbourhood, when abandoned by Colonel Lundy ; in the following month, however, it fell into the hands of the enemy, and on the 18th of April, James II. arrived in person at this place and passed the ford to Lifford. From Lifford he proceeded to Londonderry; but finding that city in a state much more opposed to his views than he had anticipated, he returned to the castle of Strabane on the 20th, and received a deputation who surrendered to him the fort of Culmore.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 299

26. Franciscan monastery founded 1466 near Bantry

    Bantry · town · Cork · 1466

    A small Franciscan monastery was founded in 1466 by Dermot O'Sullivan Bere on the sea-shore near Bantry. The cemetery, still called The Abbey, remains and is used by Roman Catholics as a burial-place.

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    On the sea-shore, near the town, was a small monastery, founded in 1466 for Franciscan friars by Dermot O Sullivan Bere ; the cemetery, still called The Abbey, 130

    K I L— ISI A

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 43

27. Franciscan monastery founded at Ross, 1431

    Ross · townland · Galway · 1431–1460

    A monastery for Conventual Franciscans was founded at Ross in 1431 and was reformed by the Observantines in 1460. The parish of Ross was the head of a Roman Catholic district containing three chapels.

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    The only seats are, Ross Hill, the property of the Earl of Leitrim ; Petersburgh ; and Benlevy Lodge. Near the head of Lough Corrib, which is navigable to the neighbourhood of Gahvay, is the Corrib hotel, situated at 5laam, among the mountains, at the foot of Noneen IMore, at the entrance of Joyces' Country and the Killeries, and commanding a beautiful view of the picturesque scenery in this very romantic district. Ross is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, forming part of the union of Kilmolara ; the tithe rent-charge is £3'2'2. 10. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also part of the parish of Cong ; this union is sometimes called Feara, and contains three chapels, two at Ross and one at Cong. A monastery for Conventual Franciscans was founded in 1431, and was reformed by the Observantines in 14*0. There are some remains of Castle Kirk, on the island of that name in Lough Corrib ; and near the house of Ross Hill are the ruins of an ancient church and a burial-ground, called by the people in the neighbourhood Russ the Faghery, to distinguish the place from the abbey of Ross near Headford, which is called Russ Rela.

    ROSS (NEW), an inland port, a borough and market town, a parish, and the head of a union, in the barony of Bantry, county of Wex- 1^) FORD, and province of Lein- STER, 191 miles (W. by N.) from Wexford, and "Of (S. S. W.) from Dublin ; on the road from Wexford to W^aferford, and on the eastern bank of the river of Ross, sometimes called the Barrow ; containing 9141 inhabitants, of whom 7133 are in the town. With the suburb of Rossbercon, in the county of Kilkenny, 7453 are within the town. Colgan states that St. Abban built a great monastery, now called Rossmactreoin, on the banks of the Barrow, and that this monastery in process of time gave rise to a noble and ancient city, formerly called Rossglas, and subsequently Rossmactrium or Rossmactreoin ; the magnitude and 4S8

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 263

28. Franciscan monastery of St. Mary's founded by O'Meaghers

    Thurles · town · Tipperary · 1400–1499

    According to Grose's Antiquities, St. Mary's church belonged to a Franciscan monastery founded by the O'Meaghers in the 15th century, occupying the site of the present Roman Catholic chapel. The last abbot, Manus O'Fohily, refused to surrender at the Dissolution and was imprisoned in Dublin.

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    other, which is situated at the western extremity of the town, and is ascribed to the Knights Templars, appears to have been of very small extent ; a little to the north of it was an ancient moat. In this part of the town are also the remains of the monastery, consisting of a great part of a strong tower, with some mouldering walls. Grose, in his Antiquities, states that St. Mary's church, belonging to a Franciscan monastery founded by the O'Meaghers in the 15th century, occupied the site of the present Roman Cathohc chapel : Manus O'Fohily, the last abbot, refused to surrender at the Dissolution, and was taken prisoner to Dublin, where he suffered a long confinement. On the townland of Killinan are the remains of an old church, to which is attached a burial-ground. The greater part of the parish is the property of Viscount Chabot, cousingernian of the late Earl of Llandaff. Thurles gives the inferior title of Viscount to the Marquess of Ormonde.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 332

29. Franciscan monastery ruins at Kilconnell

    Kilconnell · parish · Galway · 1400–1540

    A Franciscan friary was founded about 1400 by William O'Kelly and reformed by his son Malachy in 1460. At the Dissolution it was granted to Charles Calthorpe; its ruins contain inscriptions and coats of arms and served as a favourite burial-place for prominent Galway families.

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    KILCONNELL, a post-town and a parish, in the union of Ballinasloe, barony of Kilconnell, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, 30^ miles (E. byX.) from Galway, and 78^ (W. byS.) from Dublin; containing 1880 inhabitants, of whom I91 are in the town or village. It derives its name from St. Conall, who was abbot here in the time of St. Patrick. A monastery of Franciscan friars was founded about 1400, by William O' Kelly, and was reformed by his son Malachy, in 1460 : at the Dissolution it was granted to Charles Calthorpe, Esq. The ruins are extremely interesting, and contain several inscriptions, coats of arms, &c. ; the monastery was a favourite burial-place for many of the most respectable families in Galway. The town contains 46 houses ; it is a constabulary police station, and has a post-office under Aughrim : fairs are held on May 9th, Aug. 4th, Nov. 11th, and Dec. 18th ; and a manorial court occasionally. The parish contains eos^ statute acres, including a small quantity of bog : the chief seats are Hillwood, Ballinderry, Carrowmanagh, Killagh, and Mount Evans. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Clonfert, forming, with the rectories and vicarages of Killane and Fohcnagh, the union of Kilconnell, in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is appropriate to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners and to the vicarage. The tithe rent- charge of the parish is £86. 10. 9., of which £69. 11.8. are payable to the vicar ; the entire tithe of the benefice of the incumbent is £200. 1. 6. The glebe-house was built in 1827, by aid of a gift of £400 and a loan of £350 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe contains 37 acres 36

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

30. Franciscan monastery site, Youghal

    Youghal · town · Cork

    Two monuments bearing male and female effigies with a Norman French inscription were discovered a few years before 1837 while digging foundations for new buildings on the site of the ancient Franciscan monastery at the south end of Youghal. The effigies are supposed to represent a husband and wife.

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    richly embellished with flowing tracery : on the north side of the altar is a canopied niche with crocketed finials of elegant design, in which was a tomb, now removed, but there is still remaining the inscription, " Hie jacet Thomas Fleming ;" on the south side of the altar is another ancient tomb. On the south side of the church is a chapel, formerly called the chantry of Our Blessed Saviour, which was purchased from the corporation by the first earl of Cork and contains the remains of that nobleman and several of his family, to whose memory is a handsome altar- tomb, bearing his efiigy recumbent under a splendid arch, with those of his two wives kneeling ; on either side, and around, are the efiigies of his children : over the monument is a large mural tablet of black marble, with the genealogy of the family. There are also the monument of the founder of the chapel, which having been defaced in the Desmond rebellion was restored by the earl ; and a splendid monument of white marble to the memory of Lord Broghill. Near it is the tomb of Sir Edward Villers, lord president of Munster, who died 7th Sept. 16'26. The north transept or chapel, now used as a vestry, contains some ancient monuments, among which is one of the Uniacke family, with a cross* fleury and inscription both in relief, but much injured by exposure to the damp; it bears the date 1557- At the west entrance into the church are two monuments found, a few years since, in digging the foundations of the newbuildings on the site of the ancient Franciscan monastery at the south end of the town, one bearing a male and the other a female effigy, supposed to be husband and wife, with an inscription in Norman French nearly obliterated. On the north side of the altar is a very chaste and beautiful monument of white marble, to the family of Smyth, of Ballinatra. In the nave, now used for divine service, are several fine mural tablets to members of the Hayman family, who came to Ireland from Somersetshire in the reign of Charles II. In the churchyard, which is one of the most spacious in the kingdom, are also many curious monuments deserving of notice.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 415

31. Freeport's former fishing prominence

    near Freeport · street · Galway

    Freeport, in County Galway, was once a popular fishing-station. A quay erected by the Fishery Board remains, though it is now largely disused and in poor repair.

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    RAHOON, a parish, in the union of Galway, partly in the baronies of Galway and Moycullen, county of Galway, but chiefly in the county of the town of Galway, and province of Connaught, 3i miles (W.) from Galway, on the road to Oughterard ; containing, with the village of Freeport, 14,433 inhabitants. This place is situated on the bay of Galway, and partly on the road along the coast. The village of Freeport was formerly much frequented as a fishing-station ; there is still a quay, erected by the Fishery Board, but it is at present of very little use and much out of repair. Mutton Island, in the harbour of Galway, is connected with the main land by a ridge of sand which is dry at low water ; and a light has been placed on it to facilitate the navigation of the bay. The parish comprises 15,169 statute acres of land, of very inferior quaUty, and principally in pasture. Fairs are held at Barna on the 5th of Feb., May, Aug., and November. The parish is a rectory and perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Tuam ; the rectory forming part of the union of St. Nicholas, or wardenship of Galway ; and the perpetual curacy, part of the union of Kilcummin. The tithe rent-charge is £87. 16., and the glebe comprises 34 statute acres. In the Roman Catholic divisions Rahoon is in the diocese of Galway, and co-extensive with the parish of the Established Church : there are two chapels, situated respectively at Bushy Park and Barna; and a Presentation convent, in which is a school for ' poor girls, 442

    who are gratuitously instructed by the ladies of that institution.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 242

32. Free school of Derry founded by Corporation of London

    near Derry · city · Derry · 1617

    The diocesan school of Derry was connected with the free school of Derry, which was founded by the Corporation of London in 1617. This institution served as the educational foundation for the diocese.

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    This diocese is one of the sixteen that constitute the province of Armagh : it is partly in the counties of Antrim and Donegal, but chiefly in Tyrone and Londonderry, extending 47 miles in length by 43 in breadth, and comprehending an estimated superficies of 659,000 acres, of which 2500 are in Antrim, 139,300 in Donegal, 233,100 in Tyrone, and 284,100 in Londonderry. The lands belonging to the see of Derry comprise 77,102 statute acres, of which 39,621 are profitable land, and 37,481 unprofitable; and the gross yearly revenue derived from these lands and from appropriate tithes, on an average of three years ending Dec. 3 1st, 1831, amounted to £14,193. 3. Under the Church Temporahties' act an annual charge of £4160 is payable out of the see estates to the funds of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners : this payment is made to diminish the excess of the revenue of this see above the other bishoprics, and is in lieu of the Ad I'alorem tax imposed on all benefices in Ireland. The chapter consists of a dean and archdeacon, and the thi-ee prebendaries of Comber, Aghadowy, and Moville. To the dean belong, as the corps of the deanery, the rectories of Templemore, Faughanvale, and Clondermot, the tithes of which, under the Composition act, amounted to £3235. 7. per annum. The deanery lands, which are situated in the parishes of Clondermot and Faughanvale, consist of several townlands, comprising 2859 statute acres, let on leases at rents amounting to £176. 6. and renewal fines averaging £269- 1 5. annually ; and the gross annual revenue of the deanery, as returned by the Commissioners of Ecclesiastical Enquiry, before the passing of the Rentcharge act, amounted to £3710. 13. per annum. To the archdeacon belongs the rectory of Dunboe, the tithe rent-charge of which is £360 and the glebe lands comprise 420 statute acres ; its gross annual value, before the passing of the Rent-charge act, was £700 per annum. The endowments of the prebends consist of the tithes and glebes of the parishes from which they take their names, and are detailed in the articles on those places. The cathedral has neither minor canons, vicars-choral, nor an economy fund. The diocesan school is connected with the free school of Derry, which was founded by the corporation of London in 1617. The consistorial court consists of a vicar-general, surrogate, registrar, deputyregistrar, and 1 1 proctors. The number of parishes in the diocese is 60, comprised in 57 benefices : the benefice which forms the corps of the deanery is a union of the three parishes of Templemore, Faughanvale, and Clondermot, and is in the patronage of the Crown j 36 are in the patronage of the Bishop, 3 in the gift of the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin, 8 in lay patronage, and the remaining 9, which are perpetual curacies, in the patronage of the incumbents of the parishes out of which they have been formed. The number of churches is 62, and of school-houses and other places where divine service is performed, II.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 104

33. Freestone quarry at Claremore in East Langfield

    Claremore · townland · Tyrone

    Excellent freestone is found at Claremore in the parish of East Langfield, and in several parts of the parish there are indications of coal. The land is generally light, particularly near the mountains, which afford good pasturage.

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    LANGFIELD, EAST, or UPPER, a parish, in the union and barony of Omagh, county of Tyrone, and province of Ulster, 6 miles (W.) from Omagh, containing, with the market-town of Drumquin (which is separately described), 314.3 inhabitants. The old parish of LangBeld was, in ISOO, divided by act of council into the two parishes of East and West Langfield ; the former portion comprises 97l6i statute acres, of which 22^ are water. The land in some parts is good, but the soil is generally light, particularly near the mountains, which, though lofty, afford good pasturage for cattle ; the system of agriculture is slowly improving, and there is an extensive tract of bog. Excellent freestone is found at Claremore, and in several parts of the parish are indications of coal. The principal seats are Drumrane Lodge and Burle's Folly. The manufacture of linen is carried on in the farmhouses to a considerable e.\tent. The townland of Magheraney, on which is the church, is the property of the Bishop of Derry. The LIVING is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the tithe rent-charge is £183. 15. The glebe-house, a good residence, was built in 1803, by aid of a gift of £100 and a loan of £600 from the Board of First Fruits ; the glebe comprises 26 Cunningham acres. The church, which was erected in 1803, is a small neat edifice with a square tower; the Board of First Fruits gave £500 towards its erection, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners recently granted £254 towards its repair. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish, with that of West Langfield, forms the district of Langfield ; there is a place of worship for Presbyterians in connexion with the General Assembly. About a quarter of a mile from the parish church are the remains of an ancient church, with a burial-ground.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 63

34. Freestone quarry on Benmore mountain

    Woodford · town · Galway

    A quarry of fine freestone on Benmore mountain, about a mile and a half north of Woodford, could furnish large blocks suited for both useful and ornamental purposes.

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    qiicntly, the manufacture of salt ; iron-ore is supposed to exist extensively in the neighbouring mountains, and evidence of the old iron-works may still be seen adjoining the town, where is a stratum of cinders from three to four feet deep. Here is a mill for grinding corn; and fairs are held on March IHth, May I'ith, June ^5th, and Dec. '26th. A receiving-house for letters is in connexion with Loughrea : there is a good barrack, at present occupied by one company of infantry ; and a constabulary police force is stationed in the town. A seneschal's court for the recovery of small debts is occasionally held. Here are the parochial church, a neat building j and the Roman Catholic chapel of the district of Woodford : Marble Hill, the seat of Sir John Burke, Bart., and Eagle Hill, are in tlie vicinity. On Benmore mountain, about 1^ mile north of the town, is a quarry of fine freestone, capable of furnishing blocks of large dimensions, adajited both for useful and ornamental purposes ; and should the proposed improvements be carried into effect, it is likely to be worked to a considerable extent. Near the town is a chalybeate spa, formerly used with success for medicinal purposes.

    WOODS-CHAPEL, or Chapelin-the-Woods, a district parish, in the union of Magherafelt, barony of LouGHiNSHOLiN, county of Londonderry, and province of Ulster, 2^ miles (E.) from Magherafelt, and on the road from Belfast to Londonderry, by Toome bridge. Prior to the Reformation this district was a parish, called in ecclesiastical records the parish of Ross-Aglish, with a church, glebe, and glebe-house, as appears by the return made to Henry VHL in 1540. It was granted by Queen Elizabeth, together with Ardtrea, and Kiltinny now called Upper Aglish, to the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin ; the three were then united into a single parish under the name of Ardtrea, and so continued untd IS^S, when this district was severed from it, and constituted a perpetual curacy according to the ecclesiastical, and a district parish according to the civil, arrangements.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 408

35. French and English churches of Portarlington

    Portarlington · town · Laois

    Two churches were built in Portarlington at the time of the Settlement, dedicated to St. Michael and St. Paul in the reign of William III. St. Paul's was appropriated to French and Flemish settlers and became known as the French church, while St. Michael's served English Protestants and was called the English church. French-language service continued in the French church until within thirty years of writing.

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    Two churches were built in the town at the time of the Settlement, dedicated respectively to St. Michael and St. Paul, in the reign of William III., and endowed severally with a rent-charge of £40 late currency reserved upon lands let in perpetuity. St. Paul's was appropriated to the French and Flemish settlers, and St. Michael's to the use of English Protestants in the town; in consequence of this arrangement, the former of these is called the French church, and the latter the English. The income of the French church was augmented with £50 per annum by parliament many years since, and has been lately increased by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners to £100 : the late Board of First Fruits increased the stipend of the minister of the English church to £100 per annum. The livings are in the diocese of Kildare, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The English church, situated on the eastern side of the square, has a handsome spire ; the French church is in the street leading westward to the river, and till within the last thirty years divine service was performed in the French language. In the Roman Catholic divisions Portarlington is the head of a district, called Portarlington, Emo, and Killinard, and comprising parts of the parishes of Clonehorke and Coolbanagher, and the parish of Lea with the e.xception of the townland of Inchcoolley. Chapels are respectively situated at Portarlington, Emo, and Killinard : that in Portarlington having been found too small for the increasing congregation, a new chapel has been erected near the old one, and is a handsome edifice in the pointed style ; the principal front consists of a tower, with pinnacles at each angle, and surmounted by a fine spire, 140 feet high. There is also a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. A savings' bank, opened some years since, has now a capital of deposits from the poorer classes, amounting to £16,000. A loan fund, which commenced with a capital of £100, is operating very beneficially : Colonel Armstrong, and Chidley" Coote and Maunsell Dames, Esqrs., bore an active part in its formation ; it is now under the management of three trustees, of whom the Rev. J. Wolseley is the principal, and the present capital is £2,300. A dispensary is supported in the usual manner. About a mile to the south of the town is Spire Hill, so called from the erection of an obelisk on it by the late Viscount Carlow, for the purpose of giving employment to the poor in a season of scarcity : the flatness of the surrounding country renders it visible at a great distance ; the sides of the hill are richly wooded, and it has winding walks through the plantations to its summit. A chalybeate spring near the town is said to be efficacious in scorbutic cases ; its chief component parts are nitre and sulphur. Portarlington gives the title of Earl to the Dawson family.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

36. French and Flemish Protestant refugee colony at Portarlington

    Portarlington · town · Laois · 1691–1707

    General Rouvigny, created Earl of Galway by William III, settled a colony of French and Flemish Protestant refugees at Portarlington after the forfeiture of Sir Patrick Trant's estates. The refugees' leasehold interests were secured by act of parliament in 1707.

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    borough, market, and post town, in the union of Molnt- MELLICK, partly iu the parish of Clonehouke, barony of Ui'i-ER Philipstown, King's county, but chiefly in the parish of Lea, barony of Portnehinch, Queen's county, and province of Leinster, 95 miles (N. E.) from Maryborough, and 34i (W. s. \V.) from nhabitants, of whom ^866 are in the town. This place, anciently named Coltodry, or Cooletetoodra, corrupted into Cooletooder, as it is still sometimes called, derives its present appellation of Arlington from Lord Arlington, to whom, with a large extent of country, it was granted in the reign of Charles n. ; and its prefix Port from a small landing-place on the river Barrow, on which it is situated. Its only claim to antiquity attaches to the decayed castle and village of Lea, in the neighbourhood, the town having arisen only since the grant above named, which included a charter of incorporation constituting it a borough, though then only in its infancy. Lord Arlington subsequently disposed of his interest in the town to Sir Patrick Trant, upon whose attainder, as a follower of James IL, the possessions became forfeited to the crown, and were granted by William IlL to General Rouvigny, one of his companions in arms, whom he created Earl of Gahvay. The earl settled here a colony of French and Flemish Protestant refugees ; and though the estates were taken from him by the English act of resumption, yet the interest which the new settlers had acquired by lease was secured to them by act of parliament in 170^!, and they were made partakers of the rights and privileges of the borough. The estates, which had been sold to the London Hollow Sword-blade Company, passed from them to the Dawson family, now earls of Portarlington, by purchase ; since which time the town has attained a very considerable degree of prosperity. The French language continued to be spoken among the refugees for a considerable time ; but at present they are scarcely to be distinguished from the other inhabitants, except where their names afford evidence of their foreign extraction.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 231

37. French army advances through Ballina to Castlebar, routing British at Castlebar

    Castlebar · town · Mayo · 1798

    The French and their Irish auxiliaries advanced to Ballina, whose garrison fled, then proceeded to Castlebar through mountain defiles deemed impassable. General Lake with 6000 men opposed them but gave way after short resistance, leaving the enemy masters of the country.

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    Although the county was visited with a large share of the confiscations consequent on the termination of the war of 1641, and on the restoration of the Stuart family, no remarkable event connected with that period occurred within its limits ; neither was it internally agitated by the military movements in the subsequent war between the rival kings in 16S8. Its political aspect presents a perfect blank until the year 1798, when its tranquillity, which had remained undisturbed during the dreadful struggle that convulsed the north-eastern and south-eastern extremities of the island iu the earlier part of that year, was broken by the uue.vpected appearance of a small French squadron on its northern coast, which landed near Killala a force of about 1100 men under General Humbert. The town, which was nearly defenceless, was taken after a trifling resistance ; the bishop of Killala, with his family, was made prisoner ; arms were distributed to all the country people who chose to accept them ; and the invading army, thus reinforced by a numerous though disorderly body of auxiliaries, proceeded to Ballina, the garrison of which fled on its approach. It thence advanced to Castlebar, through mountain defiles deemed impassable, and therefore left unguarded : here it was opposed by (ieneral Lake with 6000 men, but, after a very short resistance, the British army gave way on all sides, and left the enemy completely masters of the country. The French general now proceeded by Foxford and Collooney, where his advance was checked for a short time by the gallantry of a small detachment under Colonel Vereker ; and marched by Dromahaire and Manor- Hamilton, in Leitrim, till, having crossed the Shannon at Ballintra, near Lough Allen, his further progress was prevented by the main army of the British under the Marquess Cornwallis, to whom he surrendered, after a short resistance, at Ballinamuck. Castlebar, when evacuated by the French, was re-occupied by the British troops, who defended it succcssfull)' against an attack of a body of 2000 insurgents. Killala, which was still possessed by the latter under the command of a few French officers, was then attacked and taken by storm, with the loss of between 400 and 500 of its defenders, after having been 30 days in their possession. This scene of blood terminated by a court-martial, by which several of those who had been most forward in having recourse to French assistance were consigned to military execution.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 145

38. French army surrender at Ballinamuck, 1798

    near Ballinamuck · population centre · Longford · 1798

    In 1798 the French army under General Humbert surrendered at Ballinamuck, within Killoe parish. This event marked the end of the Franco-Irish military expedition during the Rebellion of 1798.

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    KILLOE, or KILLOW (LOWER and UPPER), a parish, partly in the barony and union of Granard, but chiefly in those of Lonoford, county of Longford, province of Leinster, 4 miles (N. E.) from Longford, on the road from that place to Granard ; containing 19,4*7 inhabitants. An abbey was founded at Cloono, which is supposed to have been in this parish, in 668. In 179S, the French army under General Humbert surrendered at Ballinamuck. The parish comprises 41,440^ statute acres, of which the greater part is in Lower Killoc, on the northern side of the river Camlin ; the northern part is mountainous, and contains a good deal of bog, but the southern part is rich grazing-land. At Creeve is a quarry of very fine limestone ; at Ballinamuck, a fine freestone-flag quarry ; and there is abundance of potters'- clay. The principal seats are Farra, Newtown Bond, and Bawnmore. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and in the gift of the Bishop, divided into Upper and Lower Killoe, the former of which is 115

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 40

39. French Church, Waterford, Huguenot place of worship

    Waterford · city · Waterford

    After the French Huguenots settled in Waterford, part of the former Franciscan monastery building was appropriated for their use as a place of worship and became known as the French Church. The steeple remains intact, and beneath it are several curious monuments with now-illegible inscriptions.

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    The Holy-Ghost Hospital was originally a monastery of Friars Minor, founded in 1'240 by Sir Hugh Purcell. After the settlement of the French Huguenots in this city, a part of the building was appropriated to their u.se as a place of worship, and it still bears the name of the French Church ; the steeple is yet entire. In the vaults beneath are several curious monuments, but the inscriptions are now illeeible ; among these is the tombstone of Sir Patrick O'Neill, a colonel in the 646

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 388

40. French forces land at Killala under General Humbert in 1798

    Killala · town · Mayo · 1798

    In 1798, a small French squadron landed near Killala with about 1100 men under General Humbert. The nearly defenceless town was taken, the bishop of Killala was made prisoner, and arms were distributed to country people who joined the invaders.

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    Although the county was visited with a large share of the confiscations consequent on the termination of the war of 1641, and on the restoration of the Stuart family, no remarkable event connected with that period occurred within its limits ; neither was it internally agitated by the military movements in the subsequent war between the rival kings in 16S8. Its political aspect presents a perfect blank until the year 1798, when its tranquillity, which had remained undisturbed during the dreadful struggle that convulsed the north-eastern and south-eastern extremities of the island iu the earlier part of that year, was broken by the uue.vpected appearance of a small French squadron on its northern coast, which landed near Killala a force of about 1100 men under General Humbert. The town, which was nearly defenceless, was taken after a trifling resistance ; the bishop of Killala, with his family, was made prisoner ; arms were distributed to all the country people who chose to accept them ; and the invading army, thus reinforced by a numerous though disorderly body of auxiliaries, proceeded to Ballina, the garrison of which fled on its approach. It thence advanced to Castlebar, through mountain defiles deemed impassable, and therefore left unguarded : here it was opposed by (ieneral Lake with 6000 men, but, after a very short resistance, the British army gave way on all sides, and left the enemy completely masters of the country. The French general now proceeded by Foxford and Collooney, where his advance was checked for a short time by the gallantry of a small detachment under Colonel Vereker ; and marched by Dromahaire and Manor- Hamilton, in Leitrim, till, having crossed the Shannon at Ballintra, near Lough Allen, his further progress was prevented by the main army of the British under the Marquess Cornwallis, to whom he surrendered, after a short resistance, at Ballinamuck. Castlebar, when evacuated by the French, was re-occupied by the British troops, who defended it succcssfull)' against an attack of a body of 2000 insurgents. Killala, which was still possessed by the latter under the command of a few French officers, was then attacked and taken by storm, with the loss of between 400 and 500 of its defenders, after having been 30 days in their possession. This scene of blood terminated by a court-martial, by which several of those who had been most forward in having recourse to French assistance were consigned to military execution.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 145

41. French General Thurot's landing at Kilroot Point, 1760

    Kilroot · townland · Antrim · 1760

    In 1760, French General Thurot landed at Kilroot Point in County Antrim with three ships and 600 men, intending to attack Carrickfergus. The town, lacking a regular garrison, was forced to capitulate before Thurot re-embarked and sailed for France.

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    KILROOT, or Kilroi, a parish, in the union of Larne, barony of Lower Belfast, county of Antrim, and province of Ulster, 2^ miles (E. N. E.) from Carrickfergus, on the road to Larne ; containing 735 inhabitants. At Kilroot Point, the French general Thurot, with three ships and 600 men, landed in 1*60, with a view to attack Carrickfergus, which being at the time unprovided with a regular garrison, was obliged to capitulate. He also threatened to lay siege to Belfast, but on the approach of the forces which were advancing to expel him, he re-embarked his troops at this place, and set sail for France. The parish, which is situated on the bay of Carrickfergus, comprises 2418 statute acres ; the land is in general in a good state of cultivation, and the most improved system of husbandry prevails. Castle Dobbs and Bella Hill are the principal seats : there are some interesting ruins of the ancient mansion of Castle Dobbs. Basalt and limestone exist in great abundance : of the former, a regular quarry of the columnar formation has been opened ; the tops of the columns which are of four, five, and six sides, are only a few inches below the surface. All the pillars dip to the northward, and are nearly as perfect as those of the Giants' Causeway, resembling in some degree the massive columns called the Giants' Organ ; between them are thin layers of decomposed rock ; the ends of the joints are in some almost flat, and in

    K I

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 54

42. Friary ruins and stone-roofed cell at Kill

    Kill · townland · Kerry

    At Kill, within Kilmalkedar parish, stand the ruins of a friary supposedly founded by Spaniards who colonised the district. Nearby are the remains of an old fortification and another stone-roofed cell, less perfect than the first.

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    The parish is remarkable for its remains of antiquity, among which the most curious is one of the stoneroofed anchorite cells, supposed to be the most ancient description of buildings in Ireland, except the round towers. It is about 20 feet long, 10 wide, and 20 high, with a small door at one end and a neat window at the other, and is formed by a kind of parabolic arch entirely of stone, strongly jointed, but without mortar ; it is still nearly perfect. Near it is the ancient castle of Gallerus, built by one of the Knights of Kerry. The church of Kilmelchcdor, now in ruins, is one of the olde-st in the county, and is said to have been built by the Spaniards ; at the entrance is a finely sculptured Norman arch. Some of the tombstones are inscribed with Ogham and other ancient characters, and in the churchyard is a curious stone cross of considerable size. At Kill are the ruins of a friary, also supposed to have been founded by the Spaniards when they colonised this district ; and in the vicinity are the remains of an 142

    K I L— M I

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 45

43. Friends of Education school built New Ross 1799

    New Ross · town · Wexford · 1799

    The school of the Friends of Education in New Ross was built in 1799 by subscription, consisting of a central structure and two wings with schools for each sex and apartments for teachers. It was aided by legacies from Mrs. Paul and Mr. John Hughes, and an infants' school was established in connection with it.

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    The Grammar School was founded in 1713 by Sir John Ivory, Knight, who bequeathed his mansion, offices, and gardens to the corporation and the vicar of St. Mary's, in trust, for the maintenance of a master to instruct four poor boys, the sons of members of the Established Church, in Latin and Greek. The school-house is a handsome and commodious building, re-erected with suitable offices, in 1791, at the expense of the corporation, and is capable of accommodating a considerable number of boarders and day-scholars. The school of the Friends of Education, built in 1799 by subscription, consists of a central structure and two wings, containing schools for each sex and apartments for the teachers ; it is aided by a legacy of £3. 3. per annum by the late Mrs. Paul, and another of £10 per annum Irish, chargeable on a farm called Creken, during the existing lease, bequeathed by the late Mr. John Hughes. An infants' school, capable of affording instruction to 100 children, has been established in connexion with this school. Contiguous to the Roman Catholic chapel are spacious school-rooms for 300 boys, who are instructed on the Lancasterian plan ; and the ladies of the Carmelite convent superin-

    ROSS

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 264

44. Fullers'-earth clay at Benbo mountain

    Benbo · mountain or mountain range · Leitrim

    On the western base of Benbo, a blueish-white clay was found and used as fullers'-earth. The western side of the same mountain was traversed by a metallic vein containing copper pyrites that was formerly worked.

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    The GEOLOGY of the county presents many remarkable features. The lowest strata are those of the primary mountain range entering from the county of Sligo and extending from south-west to north-east : this range is mostly composed of mica-slate ; a green steatite, thickly studded with valuable garnets, has been found at the foot of a mountain near Lurganboy. On the western base of Benbo, a clay of a blueish- white hue has been found, and used for fullers' -earth ; the western side of the same mountain is traversed by a metallic vein containing copper pyrites, which was formerly wrought. Veins of the sulphuret of lead have also been largely wrought in several places between Benbo and Lurganboy. This primary range is generally bordered on both sides by beds of variously coloured freestone, to which limestone succeeds in every direction, occupying the remainder of the northern portion of the county and forming part of the great limestone field of Ireland. All the central portion of the county forms part of the Counaught coal field, constituting a vast basin of which Lough Allen is the centre. The principal vein of coal is about three feet thick, of very great extent, and of excellent quality both for domestic purposes and for smelting ; but the beds are often interrupted by faults, by which portions of the strata are broken and thrown upwards from 20 to 40 yards. It 216

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 70

45. Gallarus Castle built by Knights of Kerry

    Gallarus · townland · Kerry

    Near the anchorite cell at Kilmalkedar stands the ancient castle of Gallerus, built by one of the Knights of Kerry.

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    The parish is remarkable for its remains of antiquity, among which the most curious is one of the stoneroofed anchorite cells, supposed to be the most ancient description of buildings in Ireland, except the round towers. It is about 20 feet long, 10 wide, and 20 high, with a small door at one end and a neat window at the other, and is formed by a kind of parabolic arch entirely of stone, strongly jointed, but without mortar ; it is still nearly perfect. Near it is the ancient castle of Gallerus, built by one of the Knights of Kerry. The church of Kilmelchcdor, now in ruins, is one of the olde-st in the county, and is said to have been built by the Spaniards ; at the entrance is a finely sculptured Norman arch. Some of the tombstones are inscribed with Ogham and other ancient characters, and in the churchyard is a curious stone cross of considerable size. At Kill are the ruins of a friary, also supposed to have been founded by the Spaniards when they colonised this district ; and in the vicinity are the remains of an 142

    K I L— M I

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 45

46. Galtee mountains form Limerick boundary

    near Galty Mountains · mountain or mountain range · Limerick

    On the south-east, the plain country of Limerick is bounded by the Galtees, rising precipitously to a great elevation, forming the boundary of Limerick and stretching far into the county of Tipperary.

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    The general aspect of the surface is flat, though diversified by many small hills, and in some parts by mountains of considerable height. The whole western district, from Loughill to Drumcollogher, is composed of an unbroken range of mountain, stretching in a vast but regular and beautiful curve. On the south-east, the plain country is bounded by the Gnltecs, rising precipitously to a great elevation, forming the boundary of Limerick, and stretching thence far into the county of 224

    LIME

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 73

47. Galway exiles take refuge with MacWilliam Oughter in Mayo

    Mayo · parish · Mayo · 1570–1575

    Due to disturbances near Galway, many Galway people fled to MacWilliam Oughter in Mayo and founded several respectable families that still held large estates there. When Sir Henry Sidney visited Galway in 1575, some exiles returned and MacWilliam Oughter himself submitted by oath and indenture.

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    vince, including this county, had been granted by King John,) Edmond de Albanach or the Scot, one of his kinsmen, ancestor to the earls of Mayo, renounced his allegiance to the English government. He threw oEF the English dress ; adopted the language and apparel of the native Irish ; and assumed the title of Mac William Oughter, or " the Further," to distinguish himself from another member of the family svho had acted in the same manner in the more southern regions of the province, and had called himself Mac William Eighter, or "the Nearer." The county remained in an unsettled state, nearly independent of British rule, until the time of Elizabeth, in the eleventh year of whose reign the whole province, which had hitherto been divided into the two counties of Connaught and Roscommon, was made shire ground ; the boundaries and subdivisions of this portion of it were defined, and at this time arose the present name of Mayo, from the village and monastery of Maio, situated on a river which falls into Lough Carra. The Mac Williams nevertheless continued to exert a powerful control ; for the annals of the town of Galway inform us that, in consequence of the disturbed state of the country in the neighbourhood of that town, numbers of Galway people took refuge with Mac William Onghter in Mayo, and were the founders of the several respectable families of Galway name which still hold large estates here. When Sir Henry Sidney, lorddeputy, visited Galway in 1575, several of the Galway exiles returned, and applied to him for protection ; and Mac William Oughter himself submitted by oath and indenture. This Mac William was father to the celebrated Grace O'^NIalley, better known in the romantic history of the times by the name of Grana Uile : she, however, was so far from being led to submission by her father's example, that it was deemed necessary to send a body of troops to storm her castle of Carrick a-Uile, near Newport ; and so spirited was the defence made by this singular woman, that the assailants, instead of accomplishing the object of their expedition, narrowly escaped being taken prisoners, which would have been inevitably attended with loss of life.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 145

48. Gandon-designed court-house and gaols at St. Patrick's gate, Waterford

    Waterford · city · Waterford

    The court-house and city and county gaols in Waterford occupy ground near the site of the old St. Patrick's gate. The court-house was designed and executed by James Gandon on the recommendation of Howard the philanthropist.

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    rooms used on public occasions. The court-house, and the city and county gaols, occupy a considerable space of ground near the spot where St. Patrick's gate stood, and are handsomely fronted with granite. The courthouse, which is in the centre, was designed and executed by James Gandon, Esq., on the recommendation of Howard, the philanthropist ; the entrance leads into a hall, from which are seen the interiors of the city and county courts, which are well arranged and lighted, but on a scale too confined to atl'ord suitable accommodation to the public. The gaols, though of modern erection, are not well adapted for general classification ; the city gaol comprises 14 cells, and the county gaol has 8.5 cells, seven day-rooms, three working-rooms, and four airing-yards (in one of which is a treadmill), being sufficient to receive the average number of prisoners committed. The prisoners are clothed, and employed in various kinds of work ; and the females are under the superintendence of a matron. The penitentiary, or house of correction, built in the south-western suburbs in 18'20, at an expense of £4990, occupies a spacious quadrangular area inclosed with a wall : at one extremity is the governor's house, round which are ranged the various cells in a semicircular form ; behind the cells are gardens and ground in which the prisoners are regularly employed. There are in all 4 1 cells, with dayrooms and airing-yards, in one of which is a treadmill, adapted to four distinct classes ; the whole prison is under a regular system of disciphne and employment, and a school is maintained for the instruction of male prisoners. The constabulary police force stationed in the city and liberties comprises one sub-inspector, one head-constable, 9 constables, and 43 sub- constables, with four horses ; the expense of whose maintenance, in 1S42, was £'229'2.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 385

49. Gap of Dunloe defile between mountains

    near Gap of Dunloe · pass · Kerry

    A singular defile called the Gap of Dunloe lies between the Purple Mountain and M'Gillycuddy's Reeks, with extremely narrow entrance, towering perpendicular sides, a lake, scattered broken rock, and small bridges over a stream. It opens into the valley of Coome Dhuve with a considerable lough called the Red-Trout lake and a beautiful waterfall.

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    Between the Purple mountain and M'-Gillycuddy's Reeks, is a singular defile called the Gap of Diinlue or Dunlogh. The entrance is extremely narrow ; and the mountains on each side rise perpendicularly to a towering height, throwing a deep shadow on the waters of a lake, between which, on one side, and the lofty cliff on the other, is a narrow road in which are scattered masses of broken rock : these impede the progress of carriages beyond a certain point, and impending crags of threatening aspect render the passage to pedestrians apparently hazardous. Several small bridges are thrown over the stream which runs through the defile. This pass opens into the valley of Coome Dhuve, at the western extremity of which is a very considerable lough, called the Red- Trout lake ; and opposite the termination of the defile, is a beautiful waterfall of great height, the water of which descends into a succession of small lakes that occupy the whole extent of the valley. The Gap affords excellent pasturage for sheep ; it was formerly covered with wood. From a bank on the south side is a splendid view of the Upper Lake of Killarney, with its richly wooded islands and surrounding mountains, among which the ornamental tower at Gheramine is seen to great advantage.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 60

50. Gap of Ogonnilloe views over Lough Derg

    Ogonnelloe · parish · Clare

    The elevated parts of the parish of Ogonnilloe, County Clare, particularly the Gap of Ogonnilloe, command fine views of Lough Derg, the Derry hills, and the Keeper mountain. Tinerana, the residence of the Purdon family, is beautifully situated on the banks of Lough Derg.

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    OGONNILLOE, a parish, in the barony of Tulla Lower, union of Scariff, county of Clare, and province of Munster, 5 miles (N. by W.) from Killaloe, on the road to SearifiF; containing 3162 inhabitants. It is situated on the southern side of Scariff bay, which opens into Lough Derg ; and comprises 99'-5 statute acres, including the island of Coskerry, in Lough Derg, which contains 15/ acres. The whole of the parish, with the exception only of about 97 acres, is the property of Major Purdon ; the land is partly in pasture, but chiefly in tillage, and there is some mountain bog. An excellent new road has been constructed along the shores of Lough Derg, in lieu of the hilly road from Scariff to Killaloe, through the centre of the parish. The more elevated parts, and in particular the Gap of Ogonnilloe, command fine views of the lough, the Derry hills on the opposite shore, and the Keeper mountain in the distance. Tinerana, the residence of the Purdon family, is beautifully situated on the banks of Lough Derg, in an extensive and well-wooded demesne. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, and in the gift of the Bishop ; a portion of the rectory is appropriate to the economy fund of the cathedral of Killaloe, and the remainder forms part of the union of Omullod : the tithe rentcharge is £131. 10. 9., of which £29. 1. 6. are payable to the economy fund, £58. 17. to the incumbent of Omullod, and the remainder to the vicar, who also receives £34. 6. from the economy fund. The glebe-house was built in 1814, when the Board of First Fruits contributed £450, and a loan of £63, towards its erection : attached is a glebe comprising about 10 acres. The church is a neat edifice with a tower surmounted by minarets, erected in 1812 by aid of £800 from the same Board. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms a separate district : the chapel is at the Gap of Ogonnilloe. At Ballybran are the ruins of an old church ; and on a small island about 100 yards from the shore are the remains of Betkelly Castle, also called Cahir Castle. Until lately this castle was almost perfect ; but having been used for illicit distillation, it was partly blown up a few years since, and now forms a picturesque ruin.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 219

51. Gara Castle and the O'Gara of the Psalter of Ballymote

    Kilfree · townland · Sligo

    The ruins of Gara Castle in Kilfree parish were the residence of the O'Gara who commissioned the Psalter of Ballymote. His descendant Colonel O'Gara left Ireland after the battle of Aughrim, forfeiting his possessions and entering Austrian service.

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    KILFREE, a parish, in the union of Boyle, barony of CooLAviN, county of Sligo, and province of Lein- STER, 6 miles (\V.) from Boyle, on the road from that place to Ballina ; containing 6048 inhabitants. It comprises 14,3 13 J statute acres; the soil is good, the land principally in tillage, and there is abundance of turf and limestone. Here is a constabulary police station, and a manorial court is held occasionally. The principal seats are, Kilfree, Mount Irwin, and Red Hill. The parish is a vicarage, in the diocese of Achonry, forming part of the union of Killaraght ; the rectory is impropriate in Viscount Lorton, and the tithe rentcharge is £215. 5. 6., which is equally divided between the impropriator and the vicar. The church is a plain building with a square tower, erected in 1826, the late Board of First Fruits granting a loan of £600 towards defraying the expense. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, called Gurteeo, which comprises this parish and Killaraght, and has a large chapel in Gurteen, built in 1829, and one in Killaraght. A friarj- was erected at Knockmore in the 14th century, by O'Gara ; the doorway and windows are in good preserxation, and it is still a favourite burial-place. Here are also the ruins of Gara Castle, the residence of that O'Gara who had the Psalter of Ballymote written, and whose descendant. Colonel O'Gara, left Ireland after the battle of Aughrim, having forfeited his possessions, and entered the Austrian service.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 25

52. Garbally Park, seat of the Earl of Clancarty

    Garbally · townland · Galway

    Garbally Park in the parish of Kilcloony, near Ballinasloe, County Galway, was the principal seat of the Earl of Clancarty. It is listed among the chief residences of the parish, which sat close to the Roscommon border.

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    KILCLOONY, a parish, in the union of Ballinas- LOE, barony of Clonmacnoon, county of Galway, and province of Connaught, on the river Suck and on the road from Dublin to Galway ; containing, with part of the post-town of Ballinasloe, "248 inhabitants. The English army encamped here for three days previously to the celebrated battle of Aughrim, during which this was the scene of much sanguinary conflict, the memory whereof is perpetuated in the names of several places in its immediate vicinity. The bridge over the small stream which separates the parish from Aughrim is still called the Bridge of Millea Chean, or " The Thousand Heads," from the numbers that fell here ; and there are two other passes where much carnage took place before the Irish outposts were driven across the stream and morass upon their main army : one is called Barna Chaugh, or "The Gap of Grief," and the other Crciugh, or " The place of Sorrowing." The parish is close on the confines of Roscommon, and comprises 7289 statute acres, of which about 1736 are waste and bog : the Grand Canal from Dublin terminates at the town of Ballinasloe. The principal seats are, Garbally Park, the residence of the Earl of Clancarty ; Macnee ; Cahir ; Kelly's Grove ; Persse Park ; Nutley ; and Grange. The parish is in the diocese of Clonfert ; the rectory is partly appropriate to the see and to the deanery, and partly tmited with the vicarage, which forms a portion of the union of Creagh. The tithe rent-charge is £94. 8. The church, in Ballinasloe, is a plain cruciform structure with a lofty octagonal spire, built in 1790, and enlarged in 1825 at a cost of £1200, being a loan from the Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish forms part of the district of Ballinasloe ; the chapel is a neat edifice, built by subscription. There are two places of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. A chalybeate spa, issuing from the bog at Poolboy, has been inclosed by the Earl of Clancarty, who has built a handsome room over it. — See Ballinasloe.

    KILCLUNEY, or Kilclogney, a district parish,

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 16

53. Garden family castle at Templemore destroyed by fire

    Templemore · town · Tipperary · 1737–1837

    The castle at Templemore was the family residence of the Garden baronets until it was accidentally destroyed by fire about a century before this account. The family then removed to another house in the demesne, and later to the Priory, erected by the late baronet.

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    The neighbourhood is adorned with many fine seats and elegant cottages, having ornamented grounds. The castle, so lately as a century ago, was the family residence of the Gardens ; but in consequence of its accidental destruction by fire, they removed to another house in the demesne, which was recently pulled down for the purpose of erecting a new mansion on a more elevated spot. Since the demolition of the old house. Sir H. R. Garden's family has resided at the Priory, a building adjoining the park, erected by the late baronet. The Priory demesne, exclusively of the park and large plantations, comprises 200 statute acres ; it is situated within one mile of the town, and has gardens and shrubberies laid out with much taste. One of the entrances to the Park is a remnant of the castle of the Knights Templars : the park is well wooded, and contains a large sheet of water ; it is surrounded by excellent land, and backed by a range of mountains, the largest of which is called " the Devil's-Bit," from its singular shape, it appearing as if a portion had been taken out. Lloydsborough is the seat of J. Lloyd, Esq. ; part of the demesne is in Killea, though the mansion is in the parish of Templemore ; it is a handsome residence. The other principal seats are Woodville Lodge, Bellewood, and Eastwood.

    The LIVING is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, united by act of council to the rectories and vicarages of Killavenogh and Killea, and in the patronage of the Bishop ; the rectory is impropriate in Mr. Lloyd. The tithe rent-charge of the parish is £480. 15., of which £315 are payable to the impropriator, and the remain-

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 324

54. Garnet-studded steatite found near Lurganboy

    Lurganboy · electoral division · Leitrim

    A green steatite thickly studded with valuable garnets was found at the foot of a mountain near Lurganboy. This was part of the primary mountain range composed mostly of mica-slate entering from County Sligo.

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    The GEOLOGY of the county presents many remarkable features. The lowest strata are those of the primary mountain range entering from the county of Sligo and extending from south-west to north-east : this range is mostly composed of mica-slate ; a green steatite, thickly studded with valuable garnets, has been found at the foot of a mountain near Lurganboy. On the western base of Benbo, a clay of a blueish- white hue has been found, and used for fullers' -earth ; the western side of the same mountain is traversed by a metallic vein containing copper pyrites, which was formerly wrought. Veins of the sulphuret of lead have also been largely wrought in several places between Benbo and Lurganboy. This primary range is generally bordered on both sides by beds of variously coloured freestone, to which limestone succeeds in every direction, occupying the remainder of the northern portion of the county and forming part of the great limestone field of Ireland. All the central portion of the county forms part of the Counaught coal field, constituting a vast basin of which Lough Allen is the centre. The principal vein of coal is about three feet thick, of very great extent, and of excellent quality both for domestic purposes and for smelting ; but the beds are often interrupted by faults, by which portions of the strata are broken and thrown upwards from 20 to 40 yards. It 216

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 70

55. Garrison of Loughgilly slain by O'Donnells; 1641 carnage

    near Loughgilly · parish · Armagh · 1590–1641

    During the rebellion of the Earl of Tyrone, the garrison at Loughgilly was put to the sword by the O'Donnells. The place also suffered greatly in the war of 1641, when a dreadful carnage took place.

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    The living of Loughgilly is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Lord-Primate; the tithe rent-charge is £695. 3. 9. The glebe-house was built in 17S'2, and subsequently enlarged and improved ; the glebe comprises 500 statute acres. The church is a spacious and handsome edifice with a tower, originally built at an expense of £1384. \'2., a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, and rebuilt in 1S'2S by aid of a gift of £830. 15. from the same Board. In the Roman Catholic divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also the parishes of Ballymoyer and Baleek ; in each is a chapel. There are three places of worship for Presbyterians and one for Covenanters. Of eleven schools, the male parochial school is supported by the trustees of Erasmus Smith's fund, and the female school chiefly by the rector : the parochial school-house was built on the glebe in 1813, at an expense of £'250. A school-house for males and females has been built at Mullaghmore by the Education Society, who have endowed it with £35 per annum from the surplus funds of the collegiate school at Armagh, which latter was founded by Charles I., who granted seven townlands in this parish for the foundation of a school at Mountnorris, which was some years afterwards established at Armagh. A school-house for males and females has been lately built at Mountnorris by Mr. Cope, who has endowed the school with £40 per annum. Four unendowed almshouses were built by Dean Dawson, in 1811, for four aged women ; and the late Lord Gosford bequeathed a sum of money, the interest of which is annually distributed among the poor. During the rebellion of the Earl of Tyrone, the garrison here was put to the sword by the O'Donells ; it also suffered greatly in the war of 1641, when a dreadful carnage took place. There are several remains of fortifications in the neighbourhood ; the " Tyrone Ditches " are near the junction of the parish with the parishes of Killevy and Ballymore ; but of the extensive fortress of Port- Norris, or Mount-Norris, not a vestige can at the present time be traced. 277

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 111

56. Garrycastle: coins of Elizabeth and skeletons found

    Garrycastle · townland · Offaly · 1818–1837

    Garry Castle was the demesne of the Armstrong family, with extensive flour-mills established in 1818. In the ruins of an adjoining castle, coins of Queen Elizabeth and several skeletons were discovered.

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    REYNAGH, a parish, in the union of Parsonstown, barony of Garhycastle, King's county, and province of Leinster, on the road from Parsonstown to Banagher-Bridge and Galway ; containing, with the post-town of Banagher, 5106 inhabitants. This place takes its name from a monastery founded here by St. Regnacia, sister to St. Finian, who died in 563. The establishment, which was called Kill-Rignaighe, was placed under the superintendence of Talacia, mother of St. Finian, who was abbess for some time ; but no further details of its history are recorded. The parish is situated on the river Shannon, and comprises 88'265 statute acres, of which a large proportion is bog ; part is waste land, chiefly sand-hills, and the remainder, which is principally under tillage, of a very indifferent quality. The system of agriculture is in a backward state, though, from the abundance of limestone, which is quarried both for building and agricultural uses, the lands, under a better system, might be easily improved. About half a mile from Banagher, on the road to Parsonstown, is Garry Castle, the demesne of the Armstrong family, with extensive flour-mills, established in ISIS, and employing 20 persons: in the ruins of an adjoining castle, coins of Queen Elizabeth and several skeletons were found. The Shannon affords facility of conveyance by steam-boats to Limerick ; and the canal, to Dublin. Fairs are held on May 1st and Sept. 15th, for horses, cattle, and sheep ; and petty-sessions are held at Banagher every Monday.

    The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of ileath : one-half of the rectory is impropriate, and at present the subject of litigation ; the other half is annexed to the vicarage, which till lately was united to the vicarage of Gallen and is in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithe rent-charge is £'216. 6., payable in moieties to 471

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 257

57. Garvagh woody scenery enlivening the Bann district

    Garvagh · townland · Derry

    The interior of the district bordering on the Bann, though composed largely of bleak basalt ridges and scattered bogs, is greatly enlivened by the woody scenery around Garvagh.

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    The great natural divisions of the profitable lands are the rich and fertile vales of the Roe, the Faughan, the Foyle (with the liberties of Londonderry), and the Moyola i the shores of Lough Neagh ; the half valley of the Bann (with the liberties of Coleraine) ; and the seacoast, with the flats of Lough Foyle. The longest of the vales opening from the mountains is that of the Roe, environed by hills appropriated as sheep-walks, and in many places having midway up their declivities a sort of natural terrace, frequently two or three hundred yards in breadth. To the west is the nearly parallel vale of Fauglian, which, next to those of the Roe and the Moyola, displays (from Clondermot to the coast of Lough Foyle) one of the most delightful tracts in the county ; a considerable portion, however, is occupied by rough though valuable turbaries, while other parts are clothed with natural wood ; in the higher part the scenery is frequently romantic, and in other places is improved by round alluvial hills. The vale of the Foyle is highly improved, and comprises the western extremity of the county, in which stands the city of Londonderry. The vale of Moijola extends from the eastern side of the mountains of Ballynascreen, towards Lough Neagh, being bounded on the south by Slieve-Gallion. The borders of Lough Neagh form a low tract which presents a rich landscape, its surface being composed partly of gentle swells, and its fertility broken only by some extensive bogs. Around Ballinderry are considerable steeps, and at Spring Hill and over the town of Moneymore is a beautiful range of high land : beyond this, extends a low tract called " the Golden Vale of Ballydawley." Lough Neagh bounds the county for nearly six miles, when the Bann, issuing from it, immediately falls into Lough Beg, the Londonderry shore of which is five miles in extent. The half valley of the Baim is composed of bleak ridges or turamocks of basalt, with a few more favoured spots near the streams, but accompanied by a series of scattered bogs, bordering the course of the river. These sometimes comprise high and barren swells, with lakes and small bogs intervening. About Tubbermore, Fort- William, and Maghera, however, is a pleasing and more fertile tract; and the interior of the district bordering on the Bann is greatly enlivened by the woody scenery around Garvagh. The Sea-coast, formed by the Atlantic for 12 miles from Portrush to Magilligan Point, and thence for 16 miles by Lough Foyle, exhibits a succession of varied and interesting scenery. Commencing with Portrush it presents a number of creeks and inlets, of which the most remarkable is Port-Stewart, whence to the mouth of the Bann is a strand of great extent and beauty, succeeded by a range of cliffs rising boldly from the sea, on the summit of one of which are the mansion of Down Hill and the Mussenden Temple, built by the Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry. From Down Hill to Magilligan Point, a distance of 7 miles, is a strand extending a mile in breadth from the base of the mountains to the water's edge, and on which the whole army of Great Britain might be reviewed. Thence the coast turns nearly due south to the mouth of the Roe, presenting a dreary expanse in 256

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 93

58. Gas-works built on Youghal strand

    Youghal · town · Cork · 1830

    Gas-works were built on the strand adjoining the northern entrance to Youghal in 1830 under provisions of the act of the 9th of George IV. The establishment was managed by 21 commissioners.

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    design of the late Alexander Nimmo, by George Nimmo, Esq., under the provisions of an act passed in IS^S, which empowered certain commissioners to take ground and to erect a bridge from Foxhole, in the parish of St. Mary, Youghal, to the opposite shore, in the parish of Clas'hmore, county of Waterford. The expense of its erection, exclusively of £8509 paid to the corporation for the ferry, was £22,000, towards which government advanced £10,000 as a loan; it was carried into execution by proprietary shareholders of £100 each, but the speculation has not renumerated them. This structure is built of Memel fir, and is remarkably light and elegant : it is ITS* feet in length, including a drawbridge 40 feet long ; its uniform breadth is 22 feet within the railings, which are 4| feet in height ; and the whole is supported on 57 sets of piers, of five pillars each. The Gas-works, on the strand adjoining the northern entrance to the town, were built in 1&30 under the provisions of the act of the 9th of George IV. ; the establishment is managed by 21 commissioners.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 411

59. Geashill manor held by Fitzgeralds, reckoned part of Kildare

    Geashill · town · Offaly · 1170

    As early as 1170 the manor of Geashill, held by the Fitzgeralds, was legally considered part of county Kildare for English jurisdiction, even though it lay within the territory of Offallia.

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    So early as II70, the English power was extended into this part of Ireland, though not with permanent vigour. Thus, the lands of Cryngidubh were deemed in all matters of English jurisdiction to form part of Meath ; the manor of Geashill, held by the Fitzgeralds, was esteemed part of the county of Kildare ; and from the Black Book of the Exchequer, and divers pipe-rolls, it appears that the whole of Offallia was charged with twelve knights' fees to the king as part of the county of Kildare. But as the English power declined, its laws and customs were disregarded ; and under the name of ll'e^t Clonmaliigra or GUiimalirf, this district was for successive centuries one of the most turbulent and hostile to the Anglo-Irish government. Eastern Glcnmalire or Glenmaleiry, and Leix, were the names then given to the Queen's county ; the Barrow river being the boundary between the two districts. The O'Conors were the commanding sept in Offallia : in the reign of Edward VI., uniting with the O'Mores, of Leix, they spread disorder through the province of Leinster ; but the lord-deputy, Sir Anthony St. Leger, aided by a force sent from England under 'V\'illiam Bellingham, dispersed them with little difliculty, ravaged their lands, drove their inhabitants into their fastnesses in the bogs and woods, where they were reduced to the last extremities by famine, and secured their .subjection by building six castles in their territory. The chiefs

    KING

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 58

60. General Humbert's French Landing at Killala

    Killala · town · Mayo · 1798

    During the 1798 disturbances, General Humbert sailed from Rochelle to descend upon Donegal but was forced by winds to land his forces in Kilcummin bay instead. The small local garrison of 50 men fled after failing to stop the French vanguard.

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    KILLALA, a sea-port, market, and post town, a parish, and the seat of a diocese, in the union of Bal- LiXA, barony of Tyrav\ley, county of Mayo, and province of CoxNAi-GHT, 22 miles (N.) from Castlebar, and I3I5 (N. \V.) from Dublin, on the road from Ballina to Ballycastle; containing 3253 inhabitants, of whom 1446 are in the town. During the disturbances of 179S, General Humbert, with two frigates of 44 and one of 3S guns, having on board 70 officers and 1030 men, sailed from Rochelle on the 4th of August, to make a descent on the county of Donegal ; but being frustrated in that attempt by contrary winds, landed his forces in Kilcummin bay on the 22nd of the same month. The garrison, at that time consisting of only 50 men, fled, after a vain attempt to oppose the entrance of the French vanguard, and several of them were taken prisoners. The French forces were joined by many of the peasantry, and after they had taken Ballina greater numbers flocked to their standard, to receive the arms and uniforms which had been sent from France for their equipment.

    Internet Archive topographicaldic02inlewi, Chapter 33